seq_file: Mark binary printing functions with __printf() attribute

Binary printing functions are using printf() type of format, and compiler
is not happy about them as is:

fs/seq_file.c:418:35: err

seq_file: Mark binary printing functions with __printf() attribute

Binary printing functions are using printf() type of format, and compiler
is not happy about them as is:

fs/seq_file.c:418:35: error: function ‘seq_bprintf’ might be a candidate for ‘gnu_printf’ format attribute [-Werror=suggest-attribute=format]

Fix the compilation errors by adding __printf() attribute.

Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <[email protected]>

show more ...

cpumask: cleanup core headers inclusion

Many core headers include cpumask.h for nothing. Drop it.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Yury No

cpumask: cleanup core headers inclusion

Many core headers include cpumask.h for nothing. Drop it.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <[email protected]>
Cc: Amit Daniel Kachhap <[email protected]>
Cc: Anna-Maria Behnsen <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <[email protected]>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <[email protected]>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Cc: Juri Lelli <[email protected]>
Cc: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <[email protected]>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <[email protected]>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <[email protected]>
Cc: Tejun Heo <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: Ulf Hansson <[email protected]>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <[email protected]>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <[email protected]>
Cc: Yury Norov <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: Optimize seq_puts()

Most of seq_puts() usages are done with a string literal. In such cases,
the length of the string car be computed at compile time in order to save
a strlen() call at ru

seq_file: Optimize seq_puts()

Most of seq_puts() usages are done with a string literal. In such cases,
the length of the string car be computed at compile time in order to save
a strlen() call at run-time. seq_putc() or seq_write() can then be used
instead.

This saves a few cycles.

To have an estimation of how often this optimization triggers:
$ git grep seq_puts.*\" | wc -l
3436

$ git grep seq_puts.*\".\" | wc -l
84

Signed-off-by: Christophe JAILLET <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/a8589bffe4830dafcb9111e22acf06603fea7132.1713781332.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <[email protected]>
The output for seq_putc() generation has also be checked and works.

show more ...

seq_file: add helper macro to define attribute for rw file

Patch series "Add helper macro DEFINE_SHOW_STORE_ATTRIBUTE() at
seq_file.c", v6.

We already own DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro for d

seq_file: add helper macro to define attribute for rw file

Patch series "Add helper macro DEFINE_SHOW_STORE_ATTRIBUTE() at
seq_file.c", v6.

We already own DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro for defining attribute
for read-only file, but we found many of drivers also want a helper macro
for read-write file too.

So we add this helper macro to reduce duplicated code.


This patch (of 3):

We already own DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro for defining attribute
for read-only file, but many of drivers want a helper macro for read-write
file too.

So we add DEFINE_SHOW_STORE_ATTRIBUTE() helper to reduce duplicated code.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Luo Jiaxing <[email protected]>
Co-developed-by: Xingui Yang <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Xingui Yang <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Al Viro <[email protected]>
Cc: Animesh Manna <[email protected]>
Cc: Anshuman Gupta <[email protected]>
Cc: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Cc: Felipe Balbi <[email protected]>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
Cc: Himanshu Madhani <[email protected]>
Cc: James Bottomley <[email protected]>
Cc: John Garry <[email protected]>
Cc: Martin K. Petersen <[email protected]>
Cc: Uma Shankar <[email protected]>
Cc: Xiang Chen <[email protected]>
Cc: Zeng Tao <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: seq_show_option_n() is used for precise sizes

When seq_show_option_n() is used, it is for non-string memory that
happens to be printable bytes. As such, we must use memcpy() to copy the
by

seq_file: seq_show_option_n() is used for precise sizes

When seq_show_option_n() is used, it is for non-string memory that
happens to be printable bytes. As such, we must use memcpy() to copy the
bytes and then explicitly NUL-terminate the result.

Cc: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Al Viro <[email protected]>
Cc: Muchun Song <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>

show more ...

rxrpc: Fix locking issue

There's a locking issue with the per-netns list of calls in rxrpc. The
pieces of code that add and remove a call from the list use write_lock()
and the calls procfile uses

rxrpc: Fix locking issue

There's a locking issue with the per-netns list of calls in rxrpc. The
pieces of code that add and remove a call from the list use write_lock()
and the calls procfile uses read_lock() to access it. However, the timer
callback function may trigger a removal by trying to queue a call for
processing and finding that it's already queued - at which point it has a
spare refcount that it has to do something with. Unfortunately, if it puts
the call and this reduces the refcount to 0, the call will be removed from
the list. Unfortunately, since the _bh variants of the locking functions
aren't used, this can deadlock.

================================
WARNING: inconsistent lock state
5.18.0-rc3-build4+ #10 Not tainted
--------------------------------
inconsistent {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} -> {IN-SOFTIRQ-W} usage.
ksoftirqd/2/25 [HC0[0]:SC1[1]:HE1:SE0] takes:
ffff888107ac4038 (&rxnet->call_lock){+.?.}-{2:2}, at: rxrpc_put_call+0x103/0x14b
{SOFTIRQ-ON-W} state was registered at:
...
Possible unsafe locking scenario:

CPU0
----
lock(&rxnet->call_lock);
<Interrupt>
lock(&rxnet->call_lock);

*** DEADLOCK ***

1 lock held by ksoftirqd/2/25:
#0: ffff8881008ffdb0 ((&call->timer)){+.-.}-{0:0}, at: call_timer_fn+0x5/0x23d

Changes
=======
ver #2)
- Changed to using list_next_rcu() rather than rcu_dereference() directly.

Fixes: 17926a79320a ("[AF_RXRPC]: Provide secure RxRPC sockets for use by userspace and kernel both")
Signed-off-by: David Howells <[email protected]>
cc: Marc Dionne <[email protected]>
cc: [email protected]
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: fix NULL pointer arithmetic warning

Implement conditional logic in order to replace NULL pointer arithmetic.

The use of NULL pointer arithmetic was pointed out by clang with the
following

seq_file: fix NULL pointer arithmetic warning

Implement conditional logic in order to replace NULL pointer arithmetic.

The use of NULL pointer arithmetic was pointed out by clang with the
following warning:

fs/kernfs/file.c:128:15: warning: performing pointer arithmetic on a
null pointer has undefined behavior [-Wnull-pointer-arithmetic]
return NULL + !*ppos;
~~~~ ^
fs/seq_file.c:559:14: warning: performing pointer arithmetic on a
null pointer has undefined behavior [-Wnull-pointer-arithmetic]
return NULL + (*pos == 0);

Signed-off-by: Maíra Canal <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <[email protected]>

show more ...

proc: remove PDE_DATA() completely

Remove PDE_DATA() completely and replace it with pde_data().

[[email protected]: fix naming clash in drivers/nubus/proc.c]
[[email protected]: now

proc: remove PDE_DATA() completely

Remove PDE_DATA() completely and replace it with pde_data().

[[email protected]: fix naming clash in drivers/nubus/proc.c]
[[email protected]: now fix it properly]

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Christian Brauner <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexey Gladkov <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: fix passing wrong private data

DEFINE_PROC_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE() is supposed to be used to define a series
of functions and variables to register proc file easily. And the users
can use proc_cr

seq_file: fix passing wrong private data

DEFINE_PROC_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE() is supposed to be used to define a series
of functions and variables to register proc file easily. And the users
can use proc_create_data() to pass their own private data and get it
via seq->private in the callback. Unfortunately, the proc file system
use PDE_DATA() to get private data instead of inode->i_private. So fix
it. Fortunately, there only one user of it which does not pass any
private data, so this bug does not break any in-tree codes.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Fixes: 97a32539b956 ("proc: convert everything to "struct proc_ops"")
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <[email protected]>
Cc: Florent Revest <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Cc: Christian Brauner <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: move seq_escape() to a header

Move seq_escape() to the header as inliner, for a small kernel text size
reduction.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211001122917.67228-1-andriy.shevchenko@

seq_file: move seq_escape() to a header

Move seq_escape() to the header as inliner, for a small kernel text size
reduction.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: drop unused *_escape_mem_ascii()

There are no more users of the seq_escape_mem_ascii() followed by
string_escape_mem_ascii().

Remove them for good.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/202105

seq_file: drop unused *_escape_mem_ascii()

There are no more users of the seq_escape_mem_ascii() followed by
string_escape_mem_ascii().

Remove them for good.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Viro <[email protected]>
Cc: Chuck Lever <[email protected]>
Cc: "J. Bruce Fields" <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: add seq_escape_str() as replica of string_escape_str()

In some cases we want to escape characters from NULL-terminated strings.
Add seq_escape_str() as replica of string_escape_str() for t

seq_file: add seq_escape_str() as replica of string_escape_str()

In some cases we want to escape characters from NULL-terminated strings.
Add seq_escape_str() as replica of string_escape_str() for that.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Viro <[email protected]>
Cc: Chuck Lever <[email protected]>
Cc: "J. Bruce Fields" <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: introduce seq_escape_mem()

Introduce seq_escape_mem() to allow users to pass additional parameters to
string_escape_mem().

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210504180819.73127-12-andriy.s

seq_file: introduce seq_escape_mem()

Introduce seq_escape_mem() to allow users to pass additional parameters to
string_escape_mem().

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Suggested-by: Al Viro <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Chuck Lever <[email protected]>
Cc: "J. Bruce Fields" <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: Add a seq_bprintf function

Similarly to seq_buf_bprintf in lib/seq_buf.c, this function writes a
printf formatted string with arguments provided in a "binary
representation" built by funct

seq_file: Add a seq_bprintf function

Similarly to seq_buf_bprintf in lib/seq_buf.c, this function writes a
printf formatted string with arguments provided in a "binary
representation" built by functions such as vbin_printf.

Signed-off-by: Florent Revest <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/[email protected]

show more ...

seq_file: add seq_read_iter

iov_iter based variant for reading a seq_file. seq_read is
reimplemented on top of the iter variant.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Greg Kroah

seq_file: add seq_read_iter

iov_iter based variant for reading a seq_file. seq_read is
reimplemented on top of the iter variant.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

include/linux/seq_file.h: introduce DEFINE_SEQ_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro

Patch series "seq_file: Introduce DEFINE_SEQ_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro".

As discussed in
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20191129

include/linux/seq_file.h: introduce DEFINE_SEQ_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro

Patch series "seq_file: Introduce DEFINE_SEQ_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro".

As discussed in
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/[email protected]/, we could
introduce a new helper macro to reduce losts of boilerplate code, vmstat
and kprobes is the example which covert to use it, if this is accepted, I
will send out more cleanups.

This patch (of 3):

Introduce DEFINE_SEQ_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro to decrease code duplication.

[[email protected]: coding style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Greg KH <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Kefeng Wang <[email protected]>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <[email protected]>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <[email protected]>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <[email protected]>
Cc: Al Viro <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: remove m->version

The process maps file was the only user of version (introduced back in
2005). Now that it uses ppos instead, we can remove it.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <w

seq_file: remove m->version

The process maps file was the only user of version (introduced back in
2005). Now that it uses ppos instead, we can remove it.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

proc: convert everything to "struct proc_ops"

The most notable change is DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE macro split in
seq_file.h.

Conversion rule is:

llseek => proc_lseek
unlocked_ioctl => proc_ioctl

proc: convert everything to "struct proc_ops"

The most notable change is DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE macro split in
seq_file.h.

Conversion rule is:

llseek => proc_lseek
unlocked_ioctl => proc_ioctl

xxx => proc_xxx

delete ".owner = THIS_MODULE" line

[[email protected]: fix drivers/isdn/capi/kcapi_proc.c]
[[email protected]: fix kernel/sched/psi.c]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191225172546.GB13378@avx2
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

nfsd: escape high characters in binary data

I'm exposing some information about NFS clients in pseudofiles. I
expect to eventually have simple tools to help read those pseudofiles.

But it's also h

nfsd: escape high characters in binary data

I'm exposing some information about NFS clients in pseudofiles. I
expect to eventually have simple tools to help read those pseudofiles.

But it's also helpful if the raw files are human-readable to the extent
possible. It aids debugging and makes them usable on systems that don't
have the latest nfs-utils.

A minor challenge there is opaque client-generated protocol objects like
state owners and client identifiers. Some clients generate those to
include handy information in plain ascii. But they may also include
arbitrary byte sequences.

I think the simplest approach is to limit to isprint(c) && isascii(c)
and escape everything else.

That means you can just cat the file and get something that looks OK.
Also, I'm trying to keep these files legal YAML, which requires them to
UTF-8, and this is a simple way to guarantee that.

Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: allocate seq_file from kmem_cache

For fine-grained debugging and usercopy protection.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180310085027.GA17121@avx2
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@

seq_file: allocate seq_file from kmem_cache

For fine-grained debugging and usercopy protection.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180310085027.GA17121@avx2
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Al Viro <[email protected]>
Cc: Glauber Costa <[email protected]>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

proc: add seq_put_decimal_ull_width to speed up /proc/pid/smaps

seq_put_decimal_ull_w(m, str, val, width) prints a decimal number with a
specified minimal field width.

It is equivalent of seq_print

proc: add seq_put_decimal_ull_width to speed up /proc/pid/smaps

seq_put_decimal_ull_w(m, str, val, width) prints a decimal number with a
specified minimal field width.

It is equivalent of seq_printf(m, "%s%*d", str, width, val), but it
works much faster.

== test_smaps.py
num = 0
with open("/proc/1/smaps") as f:
for x in xrange(10000):
data = f.read()
f.seek(0, 0)
==

== Before patch ==
$ time python test_smaps.py
real 0m4.593s
user 0m0.398s
sys 0m4.158s

== After patch ==
$ time python test_smaps.py
real 0m3.828s
user 0m0.413s
sys 0m3.408s

$ perf -g record python test_smaps.py
== Before patch ==
- 79.01% 3.36% python [kernel.kallsyms] [k] show_smap.isra.33
- 75.65% show_smap.isra.33
+ 48.85% seq_printf
+ 15.75% __walk_page_range
+ 9.70% show_map_vma.isra.23
0.61% seq_puts

== After patch ==
- 75.51% 4.62% python [kernel.kallsyms] [k] show_smap.isra.33
- 70.88% show_smap.isra.33
+ 24.82% seq_put_decimal_ull_w
+ 19.78% __walk_page_range
+ 12.74% seq_printf
+ 11.08% show_map_vma.isra.23
+ 1.68% seq_puts

[[email protected]: fix drivers/of/unittest.c build]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Andrei Vagin <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

procfs: add seq_put_hex_ll to speed up /proc/pid/maps

seq_put_hex_ll() prints a number in hexadecimal notation and works
faster than seq_printf().

== test.py
num = 0
with open("/proc/1/maps") a

procfs: add seq_put_hex_ll to speed up /proc/pid/maps

seq_put_hex_ll() prints a number in hexadecimal notation and works
faster than seq_printf().

== test.py
num = 0
with open("/proc/1/maps") as f:
while num < 10000 :
data = f.read()
f.seek(0, 0)
num = num + 1
==

== Before patch ==
$ time python test.py

real 0m1.561s
user 0m0.257s
sys 0m1.302s

== After patch ==
$ time python test.py

real 0m0.986s
user 0m0.279s
sys 0m0.707s

$ perf -g record python test.py:

== Before patch ==
- 67.42% 2.82% python [kernel.kallsyms] [k] show_map_vma.isra.22
- 64.60% show_map_vma.isra.22
- 44.98% seq_printf
- seq_vprintf
- vsnprintf
+ 14.85% number
+ 12.22% format_decode
5.56% memcpy_erms
+ 15.06% seq_path
+ 4.42% seq_pad
+ 2.45% __GI___libc_read

== After patch ==
- 47.35% 3.38% python [kernel.kallsyms] [k] show_map_vma.isra.23
- 43.97% show_map_vma.isra.23
+ 20.84% seq_path
- 15.73% show_vma_header_prefix
10.55% seq_put_hex_ll
+ 2.65% seq_put_decimal_ull
0.95% seq_putc
+ 6.96% seq_pad
+ 2.94% __GI___libc_read

[[email protected]: use unsigned int instead of int where it is suitable]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
[[email protected]: v2]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Andrei Vagin <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq_file: Introduce DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro

The DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro would be useful for current
users, which are many of them, and for new comers to decrease code
dupli

seq_file: Introduce DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro

The DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE() helper macro would be useful for current
users, which are many of them, and for new comers to decrease code
duplication.

Acked-by: Lee Jones <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Darren Hart (VMware) <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>

show more ...

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>

show more ...

seq/proc: modify seq_put_decimal_[u]ll to take a const char *, not char

Allow some seq_puts removals by taking a string instead of a single
char.

[[email protected]: update vmstat_show(), p

seq/proc: modify seq_put_decimal_[u]ll to take a const char *, not char

Allow some seq_puts removals by taking a string instead of a single
char.

[[email protected]: update vmstat_show(), per Joe]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/667e1cf3d436de91a5698170a1e98d882905e956.1470704995.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <[email protected]>
Cc: Joe Perches <[email protected]>
Cc: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Cc: Al Viro <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

show more ...