xref: /xnu-11215/bsd/sys/buf_internal.h (revision 8d741a5d)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2000-2014 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
5  *
6  * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
7  * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
8  * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
9  * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
10  * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
11  * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
12  * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
13  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
14  *
15  * Please obtain a copy of the License at
16  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
17  *
18  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
19  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
20  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
21  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
22  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
23  * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
24  * limitations under the License.
25  *
26  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
27  */
28 /* Copyright (c) 1995 NeXT Computer, Inc. All Rights Reserved */
29 /*
30  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
31  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
32  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
33  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
34  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
35  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
36  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
37  *
38  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
39  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
40  * are met:
41  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
43  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
44  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
45  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
46  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
47  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
48  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
49  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
50  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
51  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
52  *    without specific prior written permission.
53  *
54  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
55  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
56  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
57  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
58  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
59  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
60  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
61  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
62  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
63  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
64  * SUCH DAMAGE.
65  *
66  *	@(#)buf.h	8.9 (Berkeley) 3/30/95
67  */
68 
69 #ifndef _SYS_BUF_INTERNAL_H_
70 #define _SYS_BUF_INTERNAL_H_
71 
72 #include <sys/appleapiopts.h>
73 
74 #ifdef KERNEL
75 #include <sys/queue.h>
76 #include <sys/errno.h>
77 #include <sys/vm.h>
78 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
79 #include <sys/buf.h>
80 #include <sys/lock.h>
81 
82 #if CONFIG_PROTECT
83 #include <sys/cprotect.h>
84 #endif
85 
86 #define NOLIST ((struct buf *)0x87654321)
87 
88 /*
89  * Attributes of an I/O to be used by lower layers
90  */
91 struct bufattr {
92 #if CONFIG_PROTECT
93 	struct cpx *ba_cpx;
94 	uint64_t ba_cp_file_off;
95 #endif
96 	uint64_t ba_flags;      /* flags. Some are only in-use on embedded devices */
97 	void *ba_verify_ctx;
98 };
99 
100 /*
101  * The buffer header describes an I/O operation in the kernel.
102  */
103 struct buf {
104 	LIST_ENTRY(buf) b_hash;         /* Hash chain. */
105 	LIST_ENTRY(buf) b_vnbufs;       /* Buffer's associated vnode. */
106 	TAILQ_ENTRY(buf) b_freelist;    /* Free list position if not active. */
107 	int     b_timestamp;            /* timestamp for queuing operation */
108 	struct timeval b_timestamp_tv; /* microuptime for disk conditioner */
109 	int     b_whichq;               /* the free list the buffer belongs to */
110 	volatile uint32_t       b_flags;        /* B_* flags. */
111 	volatile uint32_t       b_lflags;       /* BL_BUSY | BL_WANTED flags... protected by buf_mtx */
112 	int     b_error;                /* errno value. */
113 	int     b_bufsize;              /* Allocated buffer size. */
114 	int     b_bcount;               /* Valid bytes in buffer. */
115 	int     b_resid;                /* Remaining I/O. */
116 	dev_t   b_dev;                  /* Device associated with buffer. */
117 	uintptr_t       b_datap;        /* Memory, superblocks, indirect etc.*/
118 	daddr64_t       b_lblkno;       /* Logical block number. */
119 	daddr64_t       b_blkno;        /* Underlying physical block number. */
120 	void    (*b_iodone)(buf_t, void *);     /* Function to call upon completion. */
121 	vnode_t b_vp;                   /* File vnode for data, device vnode for metadata. */
122 	kauth_cred_t b_rcred;           /* Read credentials reference. */
123 	kauth_cred_t b_wcred;           /* Write credentials reference. */
124 	void *  b_upl;                  /* Pointer to UPL */
125 	buf_t   b_real_bp;              /* used to track bp generated through cluster_bp */
126 	TAILQ_ENTRY(buf)        b_act;  /* Device driver queue when active */
127 	void *  b_drvdata;              /* Device driver private use */
128 	void *  b_fsprivate;            /* filesystem private use */
129 	void *  b_transaction;          /* journal private use */
130 	int     b_dirtyoff;             /* Offset in buffer of dirty region. */
131 	int     b_dirtyend;             /* Offset of end of dirty region. */
132 	int     b_validoff;             /* Offset in buffer of valid region. */
133 	int     b_validend;             /* Offset of end of valid region. */
134 
135 	/* store extra information related to redundancy of data, such as
136 	 * which redundancy copy to use, etc
137 	 */
138 	uint32_t b_redundancy_flags;
139 
140 	proc_t  b_proc;                 /* Associated proc; NULL if kernel. */
141 #ifdef BUF_MAKE_PRIVATE
142 	buf_t   b_data_store;
143 #endif
144 	struct bufattr b_attr;
145 #ifdef JOE_DEBUG
146 	void *  b_owner;
147 	int     b_tag;
148 	void *  b_lastbrelse;
149 	void *  b_stackbrelse[6];
150 	void *  b_stackgetblk[6];
151 #endif
152 	off_t   b_lblksize;           /* Block size used to set b_lbkno if not B_CLUSTER*/
153 	vnode_t b_vnop_vp;            /* identifies vp on which VNOP has been called */
154 };
155 
156 extern vm_offset_t buf_kernel_addrperm;
157 
158 /* cluster_io definitions for use with io bufs */
159 #define b_uploffset  b_bufsize
160 #define b_orig       b_freelist.tqe_prev
161 #define b_shadow     b_freelist.tqe_next
162 #define b_shadow_ref b_validoff
163 #ifdef BUF_MAKE_PRIVATE
164 #define b_data_ref   b_validend
165 #endif
166 #define b_trans_head b_freelist.tqe_prev
167 #define b_trans_next b_freelist.tqe_next
168 #define b_iostate    b_rcred
169 #define b_cliodone   b_wcred
170 #define b_clfoffset  b_lblksize
171 
172 /*
173  * These flags are kept in b_lflags...
174  * buf_mtx must be held before examining/updating
175  */
176 #define BL_BUSY         0x00000001      /* I/O in progress. */
177 #define BL_WANTED       0x00000002      /* Process wants this buffer. */
178 #define BL_IOBUF        0x00000004      /* buffer allocated via 'buf_alloc' */
179 #define BL_WANTDEALLOC  0x00000010      /* buffer should be put on empty list when clean */
180 #define BL_SHADOW       0x00000020
181 #define BL_EXTERNAL     0x00000040
182 #define BL_WAITSHADOW   0x00000080
183 #define BL_IOBUF_ALLOC  0x00000100
184 #define BL_WANTED_REF   0x00000200
185 #define BL_IOBUF_VDEV   0x00000400      /* iobuf was for a diskimage */
186 
187 /*
188  * Parameters for buffer cache garbage collection
189  */
190 #define BUF_STALE_THRESHHOLD    30      /* Collect if untouched in the last 30 seconds */
191 #define BUF_MAX_GC_BATCH_SIZE   64      /* Under a single grab of the lock */
192 
193 /*
194  * mask used by buf_flags... these are the readable external flags
195  */
196 #define BUF_X_RDFLAGS (B_PHYS | B_RAW | B_LOCKED | B_ASYNC | B_READ | B_WRITE | B_PAGEIO |\
197 	               B_META | B_CLUSTER | B_DELWRI | B_FUA | B_PASSIVE | B_IOSTREAMING |\
198 	               B_ENCRYPTED_IO | B_STATICCONTENT)
199 /*
200  * mask used by buf_clearflags/buf_setflags... these are the writable external flags
201  */
202 #define BUF_X_WRFLAGS (B_PHYS | B_RAW | B_LOCKED | B_ASYNC | B_READ | B_WRITE | B_PAGEIO |\
203 	               B_NOCACHE | B_FUA | B_PASSIVE | B_IOSTREAMING)
204 
205 #if 0
206 /* b_flags defined in buf.h */
207 #define B_WRITE         0x00000000      /* Write buffer (pseudo flag). */
208 #define B_READ          0x00000001      /* Read buffer. */
209 #define B_ASYNC         0x00000002      /* Start I/O, do not wait. */
210 #define B_NOCACHE       0x00000004      /* Do not cache block after use. */
211 #define B_DELWRI        0x00000008      /* Delay I/O until buffer reused. */
212 #define B_LOCKED        0x00000010      /* Locked in core (not reusable). */
213 #define B_PHYS          0x00000020      /* I/O to user memory. */
214 #define B_CLUSTER       0x00000040      /* UPL based I/O generated by cluster layer */
215 #define B_PAGEIO        0x00000080      /* Page in/out */
216 #define B_META          0x00000100      /* buffer contains meta-data. */
217 #define B_RAW           0x00000200      /* Set by physio for raw transfers. */
218 #define B_FUA           0x00000400      /* Write-through disk cache(if supported) */
219 #define B_PASSIVE       0x00000800      /* PASSIVE I/Os are ignored by THROTTLE I/O */
220 #define B_IOSTREAMING   0x00001000      /* sequential access pattern detected */
221 #define B_ENCRYPTED_IO  0x00004000      /* Encrypted I/O */
222 #define B_STATICCONTENT 0x00008000      /* Buffer is likely to remain unaltered */
223 #endif
224 
225 /*
226  * These flags are kept in b_flags... access is lockless
227  * External flags are defined in buf.h and cannot overlap
228  * the internal flags
229  *
230  * these flags are internal... there definition may change
231  */
232 #define B_CACHE         0x00010000      /* getblk found us in the cache. */
233 #define B_DONE          0x00020000      /* I/O completed. */
234 #define B_INVAL         0x00040000      /* Does not contain valid info. */
235 #define B_ERROR         0x00080000      /* I/O error occurred. */
236 #define B_EINTR         0x00100000      /* I/O was interrupted */
237 #define B_AGE           0x00200000      /* Move to age queue when I/O done. */
238 #define B_FILTER        0x00400000      /* call b_iodone from biodone as an in-line filter */
239 #define B_CALL          0x00800000      /* Call b_iodone from biodone, assumes b_iodone consumes bp */
240 #define B_EOT           0x01000000      /* last buffer in a transaction list created by cluster_io */
241 #define B_WASDIRTY      0x02000000      /* page was found dirty in the VM cache */
242 #define B_HDRALLOC      0x04000000      /* zone allocated buffer header */
243 #define B_ZALLOC        0x08000000      /* b_datap is zalloc()ed */
244 /*
245  * private flags used by by the cluster layer
246  */
247 #define B_COMMIT_UPL    0x40000000      /* commit/abort the UPL on I/O success/failure */
248 #define B_TDONE         0x80000000      /* buf_t that is part of a cluster level transaction has completed */
249 
250 /* Flags to low-level allocation routines. */
251 #define B_CLRBUF        0x01    /* Request allocated buffer be cleared. */
252 #define B_SYNC          0x02    /* Do all allocations synchronously. */
253 #define B_NOBUFF        0x04    /* Do not allocate struct buf */
254 
255 /*
256  * ba_flags (Buffer Attribute flags)
257  * Some of these may be in-use only on embedded devices.
258  */
259 #define BA_RAW_ENCRYPTED_IO     0x00000001
260 #define BA_THROTTLED_IO         0x00000002
261 #define BA_DELAYIDLESLEEP       0x00000004      /* Process is marked to delay idle sleep on disk IO */
262 #define BA_NOCACHE              0x00000008
263 #define BA_META                 0x00000010
264 #define BA_GREEDY_MODE          0x00000020      /* High speed writes that consume more storage */
265 #define BA_QUICK_COMPLETE       0x00000040      /* Request quick completion at expense of storage efficiency */
266 #define BA_PASSIVE              0x00000080
267 
268 /*
269  * Note: IO_TIERs consume 0x0100, 0x0200, 0x0400, 0x0800
270  * These are now in-use by the I/O tiering system.
271  */
272 #define BA_IO_TIER_MASK         0x00000f00
273 #define BA_IO_TIER_SHIFT        8
274 
275 #define BA_ISOCHRONOUS          0x00001000 /* device specific isochronous throughput to media */
276 
277 #define BA_STRATEGY_TRACKED_IO  0x00002000 /* tracked by spec_strategy */
278 #define BA_IO_TIER_UPGRADE      0x00004000 /* effective I/O tier is higher than BA_IO_TIER */
279 #define BA_IO_SCHEDULED         0x00008000 /* buf is associated with a mount point that is io scheduled */
280 #define BA_EXPEDITED_META_IO    0x00010000 /* metadata I/O which needs a high I/O tier */
281 #define BA_WILL_VERIFY          0x00020000 /* Cluster layer will verify data */
282 #define BA_ASYNC_VERIFY         0x00040000 /* Allowed to hand off to async threads */
283 
284 #define GET_BUFATTR_IO_TIER(bap)        ((bap->ba_flags & BA_IO_TIER_MASK) >> BA_IO_TIER_SHIFT)
285 #define SET_BUFATTR_IO_TIER(bap, tier)                                          \
286 do {                                                                            \
287 	(bap)->ba_flags &= (~BA_IO_TIER_MASK);                                  \
288 	(bap)->ba_flags |= (((tier) << BA_IO_TIER_SHIFT) & BA_IO_TIER_MASK);    \
289 } while(0)
290 
291 extern int niobuf_headers;              /* The number of IO buffer headers for cluster IO */
292 extern int nbuf_headers;                /* The number of buffer headers */
293 extern int max_nbuf_headers;            /* The max number of buffer headers */
294 extern int nbuf_hashelements;           /* The number of elements in bufhash */
295 extern struct buf *buf_headers;         /* The buffer headers. */
296 
297 
298 /*
299  * Definitions for the buffer free lists.
300  */
301 
302 enum bq_opts {
303 	BQ_LOCKED   = 0,  /* super-blocks &c */
304 	BQ_LRU      = 1,  /* lru, useful buffers */
305 	BQ_AGE      = 2,  /* rubbish */
306 	BQ_EMPTY    = 3,  /* buffer headers with no memory */
307 	BQ_META     = 4,  /* buffer containing metadata */
308 	BQ_LAUNDRY  = 5,  /* buffers that need cleaning */
309 	BQUEUES     = 6   /* number of free buffer queues */
310 };
311 
312 #define CLUSTER_IO_BLOCK_SIZE 0x1000
313 
314 __BEGIN_DECLS
315 
316 buf_t   alloc_io_buf(vnode_t, int);
317 void    free_io_buf(buf_t);
318 
319 int     allocbuf(struct buf *, int);
320 void    bufinit(void);
321 
322 void    buf_list_lock(void);
323 void    buf_list_unlock(void);
324 
325 void    cluster_init(void);
326 
327 uint32_t     count_busy_buffers(void);
328 
329 int buf_flushdirtyblks_skipinfo(vnode_t, int, int, const char *);
330 void buf_wait_for_shadow_io(vnode_t, daddr64_t);
331 
332 #ifdef BUF_MAKE_PRIVATE
333 errno_t buf_make_private(buf_t bp);
334 #endif
335 
336 #ifdef CONFIG_PROTECT
337 void buf_setcpoff(buf_t, uint64_t);
338 #endif
339 
340 vnode_t buf_vnop_vnode(buf_t);
341 
342 __END_DECLS
343 
344 
345 /*
346  *	Stats on usefulness of the buffer cache
347  */
348 struct bufstats {
349 	long    bufs_incore;            /* found incore */
350 	long    bufs_busyincore;        /* found incore. was busy */
351 	long    bufs_vmhits;            /* not incore. found in VM */
352 	long    bufs_miss;                      /* not incore. not in VM */
353 	long    bufs_sleeps;            /* buffer starvation */
354 	long    bufs_eblk;                      /* Calls to geteblk */
355 	uint32_t    bufs_iobufmax;          /* Max. number of IO buffers used */
356 	uint32_t    bufs_iobufinuse;        /* number of IO buffers in use */
357 	long    bufs_iobufsleeps;       /* IO buffer starvation */
358 	long    bufs_iobufinuse_vdev;   /* number of IO buffers in use by
359 	                                 *  diskimages */
360 };
361 
362 #endif /* KERNEL */
363 #endif /* !_SYS_BUF_H_ */
364