xref: /wasmtime-44.0.1/examples/externref.c (revision f9f8a4df)
1 /*
2 Example of using `externref` values.
3 
4 You can compile and run this example on Linux with:
5 
6    cargo build --release -p wasmtime-c-api
7    cc examples/externref.c \
8        -I crates/c-api/include \
9        -I crates/c-api/wasm-c-api/include \
10        target/release/libwasmtime.a \
11        -lpthread -ldl -lm \
12        -o externref
13    ./externref
14 
15 Note that on Windows and macOS the command will be similar, but you'll need
16 to tweak the `-lpthread` and such annotations as well as the name of the
17 `libwasmtime.a` file on Windows.
18 
19 You can also build using cmake:
20 
21 mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. && \
22   cmake --build . --target wasmtime-externref
23 */
24 
25 #include <assert.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <stdlib.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 #include <wasm.h>
30 #include <wasmtime.h>
31 
32 static void exit_with_error(const char *message, wasmtime_error_t *error,
33                             wasm_trap_t *trap);
34 
35 int main() {
36   int ret = 0;
37   bool ok = true;
38   // Create a new configuration with Wasm reference types enabled.
39   printf("Initializing...\n");
40   wasm_config_t *config = wasm_config_new();
41   assert(config != NULL);
42   wasmtime_config_wasm_reference_types_set(config, true);
43 
44   // Create an *engine*, which is a compilation context, with our configured
45   // options.
46   wasm_engine_t *engine = wasm_engine_new_with_config(config);
47   assert(engine != NULL);
48 
49   // With an engine we can create a *store* which is a long-lived group of wasm
50   // modules.
51   wasmtime_store_t *store = wasmtime_store_new(engine, NULL, NULL);
52   assert(store != NULL);
53   wasmtime_context_t *context = wasmtime_store_context(store);
54 
55   // Read our input file, which in this case is a wasm text file.
56   FILE *file = fopen("examples/externref.wat", "r");
57   assert(file != NULL);
58   fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_END);
59   size_t file_size = ftell(file);
60   fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_SET);
61   wasm_byte_vec_t wat;
62   wasm_byte_vec_new_uninitialized(&wat, file_size);
63   assert(fread(wat.data, file_size, 1, file) == 1);
64   fclose(file);
65 
66   // Parse the wat into the binary wasm format
67   wasm_byte_vec_t wasm;
68   wasmtime_error_t *error = wasmtime_wat2wasm(wat.data, wat.size, &wasm);
69   if (error != NULL)
70     exit_with_error("failed to parse wat", error, NULL);
71   wasm_byte_vec_delete(&wat);
72 
73   // Now that we've got our binary webassembly we can compile our module.
74   printf("Compiling module...\n");
75   wasmtime_module_t *module = NULL;
76   error = wasmtime_module_new(engine, (uint8_t *)wasm.data, wasm.size, &module);
77   wasm_byte_vec_delete(&wasm);
78   if (error != NULL)
79     exit_with_error("failed to compile module", error, NULL);
80 
81   // Instantiate the module.
82   printf("Instantiating module...\n");
83   wasm_trap_t *trap = NULL;
84   wasmtime_instance_t instance;
85   error = wasmtime_instance_new(context, module, NULL, 0, &instance, &trap);
86   if (error != NULL || trap != NULL)
87     exit_with_error("failed to instantiate", error, trap);
88 
89   printf("Creating new `externref`...\n");
90 
91   // Create a new `externref` value.
92   //
93   // Note that the NULL here is a finalizer callback, but we don't need one for
94   // this example.
95   wasmtime_externref_t *externref =
96       wasmtime_externref_new("Hello, World!", NULL);
97 
98   // The `externref`'s wrapped data should be the string "Hello, World!".
99   void *data = wasmtime_externref_data(externref);
100   assert(strcmp((char *)data, "Hello, World!") == 0);
101 
102   printf("Touching `externref` table...\n");
103 
104   wasmtime_extern_t item;
105 
106   // Lookup the `table` export.
107   ok = wasmtime_instance_export_get(context, &instance, "table",
108                                     strlen("table"), &item);
109   assert(ok);
110   assert(item.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERN_TABLE);
111 
112   // Set `table[3]` to our `externref`.
113   wasmtime_val_t externref_val;
114   externref_val.kind = WASMTIME_EXTERNREF;
115   externref_val.of.externref = externref;
116   error = wasmtime_table_set(context, &item.of.table, 3, &externref_val);
117   if (error != NULL)
118     exit_with_error("failed to set table", error, NULL);
119 
120   // `table[3]` should now be our `externref`.
121   wasmtime_val_t elem;
122   ok = wasmtime_table_get(context, &item.of.table, 3, &elem);
123   assert(ok);
124   assert(elem.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERNREF);
125   assert(strcmp((char *)wasmtime_externref_data(elem.of.externref),
126                 "Hello, World!") == 0);
127   wasmtime_val_delete(&elem);
128 
129   printf("Touching `externref` global...\n");
130 
131   // Lookup the `global` export.
132   ok = wasmtime_instance_export_get(context, &instance, "global",
133                                     strlen("global"), &item);
134   assert(ok);
135   assert(item.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERN_GLOBAL);
136 
137   // Set the global to our `externref`.
138   error = wasmtime_global_set(context, &item.of.global, &externref_val);
139   if (error != NULL)
140     exit_with_error("failed to set global", error, NULL);
141 
142   // Get the global, and it should return our `externref` again.
143   wasmtime_val_t global_val;
144   wasmtime_global_get(context, &item.of.global, &global_val);
145   assert(global_val.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERNREF);
146   assert(strcmp((char *)wasmtime_externref_data(elem.of.externref),
147                 "Hello, World!") == 0);
148   wasmtime_val_delete(&global_val);
149 
150   printf("Calling `externref` func...\n");
151 
152   // Lookup the `func` export.
153   ok = wasmtime_instance_export_get(context, &instance, "func", strlen("func"),
154                                     &item);
155   assert(ok);
156   assert(item.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERN_FUNC);
157 
158   // And call it!
159   wasmtime_val_t results[1];
160   error = wasmtime_func_call(context, &item.of.func, &externref_val, 1, results,
161                              1, &trap);
162   if (error != NULL || trap != NULL)
163     exit_with_error("failed to call function", error, trap);
164 
165   // `func` returns the same reference we gave it, so `results[0]` should be our
166   // `externref`.
167   assert(results[0].kind == WASMTIME_EXTERNREF);
168   assert(strcmp((char *)wasmtime_externref_data(results[0].of.externref),
169                 "Hello, World!") == 0);
170   wasmtime_val_delete(&results[0]);
171 
172   // We can GC any now-unused references to our externref that the store is
173   // holding.
174   printf("GCing within the store...\n");
175   wasmtime_context_gc(context);
176 
177   // Clean up after ourselves at this point
178   printf("All finished!\n");
179   ret = 0;
180 
181   wasmtime_store_delete(store);
182   wasmtime_module_delete(module);
183   wasm_engine_delete(engine);
184   return 0;
185 }
186 
187 static void exit_with_error(const char *message, wasmtime_error_t *error,
188                             wasm_trap_t *trap) {
189   fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", message);
190   wasm_byte_vec_t error_message;
191   if (error != NULL) {
192     wasmtime_error_message(error, &error_message);
193     wasmtime_error_delete(error);
194   } else {
195     wasm_trap_message(trap, &error_message);
196     wasm_trap_delete(trap);
197   }
198   fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)error_message.size, error_message.data);
199   wasm_byte_vec_delete(&error_message);
200   exit(1);
201 }
202