xref: /wasmtime-44.0.1/examples/externref.c (revision 770c5d0f)
1 /*
2 Example of using `externref` values.
3 
4 You can compile and run this example on Linux with:
5 
6    cargo build --release -p wasmtime-c-api
7    cc examples/externref.c \
8        -I crates/c-api/include \
9        -I crates/c-api/wasm-c-api/include \
10        target/release/libwasmtime.a \
11        -lpthread -ldl -lm \
12        -o externref
13    ./externref
14 
15 Note that on Windows and macOS the command will be similar, but you'll need
16 to tweak the `-lpthread` and such annotations as well as the name of the
17 `libwasmtime.a` file on Windows.
18 
19 You can also build using cmake:
20 
21 mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. && cmake --build . --target wasmtime-externref
22 */
23 
24 #include <assert.h>
25 #include <stdio.h>
26 #include <stdlib.h>
27 #include <string.h>
28 #include <wasm.h>
29 #include <wasmtime.h>
30 
31 static void exit_with_error(const char *message, wasmtime_error_t *error, wasm_trap_t *trap);
32 
33 int main() {
34   int ret = 0;
35   bool ok = true;
36   // Create a new configuration with Wasm reference types enabled.
37   printf("Initializing...\n");
38   wasm_config_t *config = wasm_config_new();
39   assert(config != NULL);
40   wasmtime_config_wasm_reference_types_set(config, true);
41 
42   // Create an *engine*, which is a compilation context, with our configured
43   // options.
44   wasm_engine_t *engine = wasm_engine_new_with_config(config);
45   assert(engine != NULL);
46 
47   // With an engine we can create a *store* which is a long-lived group of wasm
48   // modules.
49   wasmtime_store_t *store = wasmtime_store_new(engine, NULL, NULL);
50   assert(store != NULL);
51   wasmtime_context_t *context = wasmtime_store_context(store);
52 
53   // Read our input file, which in this case is a wasm text file.
54   FILE* file = fopen("examples/externref.wat", "r");
55   assert(file != NULL);
56   fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_END);
57   size_t file_size = ftell(file);
58   fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_SET);
59   wasm_byte_vec_t wat;
60   wasm_byte_vec_new_uninitialized(&wat, file_size);
61   assert(fread(wat.data, file_size, 1, file) == 1);
62   fclose(file);
63 
64   // Parse the wat into the binary wasm format
65   wasm_byte_vec_t wasm;
66   wasmtime_error_t *error = wasmtime_wat2wasm(wat.data, wat.size, &wasm);
67   if (error != NULL)
68     exit_with_error("failed to parse wat", error, NULL);
69   wasm_byte_vec_delete(&wat);
70 
71   // Now that we've got our binary webassembly we can compile our module.
72   printf("Compiling module...\n");
73   wasmtime_module_t *module = NULL;
74   error = wasmtime_module_new(engine, (uint8_t*) wasm.data, wasm.size, &module);
75   wasm_byte_vec_delete(&wasm);
76   if (error != NULL)
77     exit_with_error("failed to compile module", error, NULL);
78 
79   // Instantiate the module.
80   printf("Instantiating module...\n");
81   wasm_trap_t *trap = NULL;
82   wasmtime_instance_t instance;
83   error = wasmtime_instance_new(context, module, NULL, 0, &instance, &trap);
84   if (error != NULL || trap != NULL)
85     exit_with_error("failed to instantiate", error, trap);
86 
87   printf("Creating new `externref`...\n");
88 
89   // Create a new `externref` value.
90   //
91   // Note that the NULL here is a finalizer callback, but we don't need one for
92   // this example.
93   wasmtime_externref_t *externref = wasmtime_externref_new("Hello, World!", NULL);
94 
95   // The `externref`'s wrapped data should be the string "Hello, World!".
96   void* data = wasmtime_externref_data(externref);
97   assert(strcmp((char*)data, "Hello, World!") == 0);
98 
99   printf("Touching `externref` table...\n");
100 
101   wasmtime_extern_t item;
102 
103   // Lookup the `table` export.
104   ok = wasmtime_instance_export_get(context, &instance, "table", strlen("table"), &item);
105   assert(ok);
106   assert(item.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERN_TABLE);
107 
108   // Set `table[3]` to our `externref`.
109   wasmtime_val_t externref_val;
110   externref_val.kind = WASMTIME_EXTERNREF;
111   externref_val.of.externref = externref;
112   error = wasmtime_table_set(context, &item.of.table, 3, &externref_val);
113   if (error != NULL)
114     exit_with_error("failed to set table", error, NULL);
115 
116   // `table[3]` should now be our `externref`.
117   wasmtime_val_t elem;
118   ok = wasmtime_table_get(context, &item.of.table, 3, &elem);
119   assert(ok);
120   assert(elem.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERNREF);
121   assert(strcmp((char*)wasmtime_externref_data(elem.of.externref), "Hello, World!") == 0);
122   wasmtime_val_delete(&elem);
123 
124   printf("Touching `externref` global...\n");
125 
126   // Lookup the `global` export.
127   ok = wasmtime_instance_export_get(context, &instance, "global", strlen("global"), &item);
128   assert(ok);
129   assert(item.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERN_GLOBAL);
130 
131   // Set the global to our `externref`.
132   error = wasmtime_global_set(context, &item.of.global, &externref_val);
133   if (error != NULL)
134     exit_with_error("failed to set global", error, NULL);
135 
136   // Get the global, and it should return our `externref` again.
137   wasmtime_val_t global_val;
138   wasmtime_global_get(context, &item.of.global, &global_val);
139   assert(global_val.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERNREF);
140   assert(strcmp((char*)wasmtime_externref_data(elem.of.externref), "Hello, World!") == 0);
141   wasmtime_val_delete(&global_val);
142 
143   printf("Calling `externref` func...\n");
144 
145   // Lookup the `func` export.
146   ok = wasmtime_instance_export_get(context, &instance, "func", strlen("func"), &item);
147   assert(ok);
148   assert(item.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERN_FUNC);
149 
150   // And call it!
151   wasmtime_val_t results[1];
152   error = wasmtime_func_call(context, &item.of.func, &externref_val, 1, results, 1, &trap);
153   if (error != NULL || trap != NULL)
154     exit_with_error("failed to call function", error, trap);
155 
156   // `func` returns the same reference we gave it, so `results[0]` should be our
157   // `externref`.
158   assert(results[0].kind == WASMTIME_EXTERNREF);
159   assert(strcmp((char*)wasmtime_externref_data(results[0].of.externref), "Hello, World!") == 0);
160   wasmtime_val_delete(&results[0]);
161 
162   // We can GC any now-unused references to our externref that the store is
163   // holding.
164   printf("GCing within the store...\n");
165   wasmtime_context_gc(context);
166 
167   // Clean up after ourselves at this point
168   printf("All finished!\n");
169   ret = 0;
170 
171   wasmtime_store_delete(store);
172   wasmtime_module_delete(module);
173   wasm_engine_delete(engine);
174   return 0;
175 }
176 
177 static void exit_with_error(const char *message, wasmtime_error_t *error, wasm_trap_t *trap) {
178   fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", message);
179   wasm_byte_vec_t error_message;
180   if (error != NULL) {
181     wasmtime_error_message(error, &error_message);
182     wasmtime_error_delete(error);
183   } else {
184     wasm_trap_message(trap, &error_message);
185     wasm_trap_delete(trap);
186   }
187   fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int) error_message.size, error_message.data);
188   wasm_byte_vec_delete(&error_message);
189   exit(1);
190 }
191