xref: /wasmtime-44.0.1/examples/externref.c (revision 4c8edb95)
1 /*
2 Example of using `externref` values.
3 
4 You can compile and run this example on Linux with:
5 
6    cargo build --release -p wasmtime-c-api
7    cc examples/externref.c \
8        -I crates/c-api/include \
9        -I crates/c-api/wasm-c-api/include \
10        target/release/libwasmtime.a \
11        -lpthread -ldl -lm \
12        -o externref
13    ./externref
14 
15 Note that on Windows and macOS the command will be similar, but you'll need
16 to tweak the `-lpthread` and such annotations as well as the name of the
17 `libwasmtime.a` file on Windows.
18 
19 You can also build using cmake:
20 
21 mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. && \
22   cmake --build . --target wasmtime-externref
23 */
24 
25 #include <assert.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <stdlib.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 #include <wasm.h>
30 #include <wasmtime.h>
31 
32 static void exit_with_error(const char *message, wasmtime_error_t *error,
33                             wasm_trap_t *trap);
34 
35 int main() {
36   bool ok = true;
37   // Create a new configuration with Wasm reference types enabled.
38   printf("Initializing...\n");
39   wasm_config_t *config = wasm_config_new();
40   assert(config != NULL);
41   wasmtime_config_wasm_reference_types_set(config, true);
42 
43   // Create an *engine*, which is a compilation context, with our configured
44   // options.
45   wasm_engine_t *engine = wasm_engine_new_with_config(config);
46   assert(engine != NULL);
47 
48   // With an engine we can create a *store* which is a group of wasm instances
49   // that can interact with each other.
50   wasmtime_store_t *store = wasmtime_store_new(engine, NULL, NULL);
51   assert(store != NULL);
52   wasmtime_context_t *context = wasmtime_store_context(store);
53 
54   // Read our input file, which in this case is a wasm text file.
55   FILE *file = fopen("examples/externref.wat", "r");
56   assert(file != NULL);
57   fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_END);
58   size_t file_size = ftell(file);
59   fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_SET);
60   wasm_byte_vec_t wat;
61   wasm_byte_vec_new_uninitialized(&wat, file_size);
62   if (fread(wat.data, file_size, 1, file) != 1) {
63     printf("> Error loading module!\n");
64     return 1;
65   }
66   fclose(file);
67 
68   // Parse the wat into the binary wasm format
69   wasm_byte_vec_t wasm;
70   wasmtime_error_t *error = wasmtime_wat2wasm(wat.data, wat.size, &wasm);
71   if (error != NULL)
72     exit_with_error("failed to parse wat", error, NULL);
73   wasm_byte_vec_delete(&wat);
74 
75   // Now that we've got our binary webassembly we can compile our module.
76   printf("Compiling module...\n");
77   wasmtime_module_t *module = NULL;
78   error = wasmtime_module_new(engine, (uint8_t *)wasm.data, wasm.size, &module);
79   wasm_byte_vec_delete(&wasm);
80   if (error != NULL)
81     exit_with_error("failed to compile module", error, NULL);
82 
83   // Instantiate the module.
84   printf("Instantiating module...\n");
85   wasm_trap_t *trap = NULL;
86   wasmtime_instance_t instance;
87   error = wasmtime_instance_new(context, module, NULL, 0, &instance, &trap);
88   if (error != NULL || trap != NULL)
89     exit_with_error("failed to instantiate", error, trap);
90 
91   printf("Creating new `externref`...\n");
92 
93   // Create a new `externref` value.
94   //
95   // Note that the NULL here is a finalizer callback, but we don't need one for
96   // this example.
97   wasmtime_externref_t externref;
98   ok = wasmtime_externref_new(context, "Hello, World!", NULL, &externref);
99   assert(ok);
100 
101   // The `externref`'s wrapped data should be the string "Hello, World!".
102   void *data = wasmtime_externref_data(context, &externref);
103   assert(strcmp((char *)data, "Hello, World!") == 0);
104 
105   wasmtime_extern_t item;
106   wasmtime_val_t externref_val;
107   externref_val.kind = WASMTIME_EXTERNREF;
108   externref_val.of.externref = externref;
109 
110   // Lookup the `table` export.
111   printf("Touching `externref` table...\n");
112   {
113     ok = wasmtime_instance_export_get(context, &instance, "table",
114                                       strlen("table"), &item);
115     assert(ok);
116     assert(item.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERN_TABLE);
117 
118     // Set `table[3]` to our `externref`.
119     error = wasmtime_table_set(context, &item.of.table, 3, &externref_val);
120     if (error != NULL)
121       exit_with_error("failed to set table", error, NULL);
122 
123     // `table[3]` should now be our `externref`.
124     wasmtime_val_t elem;
125     ok = wasmtime_table_get(context, &item.of.table, 3, &elem);
126     assert(ok);
127     assert(elem.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERNREF);
128     assert(strcmp((char *)wasmtime_externref_data(context, &elem.of.externref),
129                   "Hello, World!") == 0);
130     wasmtime_val_unroot(context, &elem);
131   }
132 
133   printf("Touching `externref` global...\n");
134 
135   // Lookup the `global` export.
136   {
137     ok = wasmtime_instance_export_get(context, &instance, "global",
138                                       strlen("global"), &item);
139     assert(ok);
140     assert(item.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERN_GLOBAL);
141 
142     // Set the global to our `externref`.
143     error = wasmtime_global_set(context, &item.of.global, &externref_val);
144     if (error != NULL)
145       exit_with_error("failed to set global", error, NULL);
146 
147     // Get the global, and it should return our `externref` again.
148     wasmtime_val_t global_val;
149     wasmtime_global_get(context, &item.of.global, &global_val);
150     assert(global_val.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERNREF);
151     assert(strcmp((char *)wasmtime_externref_data(context,
152                                                   &global_val.of.externref),
153                   "Hello, World!") == 0);
154     wasmtime_val_unroot(context, &global_val);
155   }
156 
157   printf("Calling `externref` func...\n");
158 
159   // Lookup the `func` export.
160   {
161     ok = wasmtime_instance_export_get(context, &instance, "func",
162                                       strlen("func"), &item);
163     assert(ok);
164     assert(item.kind == WASMTIME_EXTERN_FUNC);
165 
166     // And call it!
167     wasmtime_val_t results[1];
168     error = wasmtime_func_call(context, &item.of.func, &externref_val, 1,
169                                results, 1, &trap);
170     if (error != NULL || trap != NULL)
171       exit_with_error("failed to call function", error, trap);
172 
173     // `func` returns the same reference we gave it, so `results[0]` should be
174     // our `externref`.
175     assert(results[0].kind == WASMTIME_EXTERNREF);
176     assert(strcmp((char *)wasmtime_externref_data(context,
177                                                   &results[0].of.externref),
178                   "Hello, World!") == 0);
179     wasmtime_val_unroot(context, &results[0]);
180   }
181   wasmtime_val_unroot(context, &externref_val);
182 
183   // We can GC any now-unused references to our externref that the store is
184   // holding.
185   printf("GCing within the store...\n");
186   wasmtime_context_gc(context);
187 
188   // Clean up after ourselves at this point
189   printf("All finished!\n");
190 
191   wasmtime_store_delete(store);
192   wasmtime_module_delete(module);
193   wasm_engine_delete(engine);
194   return 0;
195 }
196 
197 static void exit_with_error(const char *message, wasmtime_error_t *error,
198                             wasm_trap_t *trap) {
199   fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", message);
200   wasm_byte_vec_t error_message;
201   if (error != NULL) {
202     wasmtime_error_message(error, &error_message);
203     wasmtime_error_delete(error);
204   } else {
205     wasm_trap_message(trap, &error_message);
206     wasm_trap_delete(trap);
207   }
208   fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)error_message.size, error_message.data);
209   wasm_byte_vec_delete(&error_message);
210   exit(1);
211 }
212