1 //! Generate a configuration for both Wasmtime and the Wasm module to execute.
2 
3 use super::{AsyncConfig, CodegenSettings, InstanceAllocationStrategy, MemoryConfig, ModuleConfig};
4 use crate::oracles::{StoreLimits, Timeout};
5 use arbitrary::{Arbitrary, Unstructured};
6 use std::time::Duration;
7 use wasmtime::Result;
8 use wasmtime::{Enabled, Engine, Module, Store};
9 use wasmtime_test_util::wast::{WastConfig, WastTest, limits};
10 
11 /// Configuration for `wasmtime::Config` and generated modules for a session of
12 /// fuzzing.
13 ///
14 /// This configuration guides what modules are generated, how wasmtime
15 /// configuration is generated, and is typically itself generated through a call
16 /// to `Arbitrary` which allows for a form of "swarm testing".
17 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
18 pub struct Config {
19     /// Configuration related to the `wasmtime::Config`.
20     pub wasmtime: WasmtimeConfig,
21     /// Configuration related to generated modules.
22     pub module_config: ModuleConfig,
23 }
24 
25 impl Config {
26     /// Indicates that this configuration is being used for differential
27     /// execution.
28     ///
29     /// The purpose of this function is to update the configuration which was
30     /// generated to be compatible with execution in multiple engines. The goal
31     /// is to produce the exact same result in all engines so we need to paper
32     /// over things like nan differences and memory/table behavior differences.
set_differential_config(&mut self)33     pub fn set_differential_config(&mut self) {
34         let config = &mut self.module_config.config;
35 
36         // Make it more likely that there are types available to generate a
37         // function with.
38         config.min_types = config.min_types.max(1);
39         config.max_types = config.max_types.max(1);
40 
41         // Generate at least one function
42         config.min_funcs = config.min_funcs.max(1);
43         config.max_funcs = config.max_funcs.max(1);
44 
45         // Allow a memory to be generated, but don't let it get too large.
46         // Additionally require the maximum size to guarantee that the growth
47         // behavior is consistent across engines.
48         config.max_memory32_bytes = 10 << 16;
49         config.max_memory64_bytes = 10 << 16;
50         config.memory_max_size_required = true;
51 
52         // If tables are generated make sure they don't get too large to avoid
53         // hitting any engine-specific limit. Additionally ensure that the
54         // maximum size is required to guarantee consistent growth across
55         // engines.
56         //
57         // Note that while reference types are disabled below, only allow one
58         // table.
59         config.max_table_elements = 1_000;
60         config.table_max_size_required = true;
61 
62         // Don't allow any imports
63         config.max_imports = 0;
64 
65         // Try to get the function and the memory exported
66         config.export_everything = true;
67 
68         // NaN is canonicalized at the wasm level for differential fuzzing so we
69         // can paper over NaN differences between engines.
70         config.canonicalize_nans = true;
71 
72         // If using the pooling allocator, update the instance limits too
73         if let InstanceAllocationStrategy::Pooling(pooling) = &mut self.wasmtime.strategy {
74             // One single-page memory
75             pooling.total_memories = config.max_memories as u32;
76             pooling.max_memory_size = 10 << 16;
77             pooling.max_memories_per_module = config.max_memories as u32;
78             if pooling.memory_protection_keys == Enabled::Auto
79                 && pooling.max_memory_protection_keys > 1
80             {
81                 pooling.total_memories =
82                     pooling.total_memories * (pooling.max_memory_protection_keys as u32);
83             }
84 
85             pooling.total_tables = config.max_tables as u32;
86             pooling.table_elements = 1_000;
87             pooling.max_tables_per_module = config.max_tables as u32;
88 
89             pooling.core_instance_size = 1_000_000;
90 
91             let cfg = &mut self.wasmtime.memory_config;
92             match &mut cfg.memory_reservation {
93                 Some(size) => *size = (*size).max(pooling.max_memory_size as u64),
94                 other @ None => *other = Some(pooling.max_memory_size as u64),
95             }
96         }
97 
98         // These instructions are explicitly not expected to be exactly the same
99         // across engines. Don't fuzz them.
100         config.relaxed_simd_enabled = false;
101     }
102 
103     /// Uses this configuration and the supplied source of data to generate
104     /// a wasm module.
105     ///
106     /// If a `default_fuel` is provided, the resulting module will be configured
107     /// to ensure termination; as doing so will add an additional global to the module,
108     /// the pooling allocator, if configured, will also have its globals limit updated.
generate( &self, input: &mut Unstructured<'_>, default_fuel: Option<u32>, ) -> arbitrary::Result<wasm_smith::Module>109     pub fn generate(
110         &self,
111         input: &mut Unstructured<'_>,
112         default_fuel: Option<u32>,
113     ) -> arbitrary::Result<wasm_smith::Module> {
114         self.module_config.generate(input, default_fuel)
115     }
116 
117     /// Updates this configuration to be able to run the `test` specified.
118     ///
119     /// This primarily updates `self.module_config` to ensure that it enables
120     /// all features and proposals necessary to execute the `test` specified.
121     /// This will additionally update limits in the pooling allocator to be able
122     /// to execute all tests.
make_wast_test_compliant(&mut self, test: &WastTest) -> WastConfig123     pub fn make_wast_test_compliant(&mut self, test: &WastTest) -> WastConfig {
124         let wasmtime_test_util::wast::TestConfig {
125             bulk_memory,
126             memory64,
127             custom_page_sizes,
128             multi_memory,
129             threads,
130             shared_everything_threads,
131             gc,
132             function_references,
133             relaxed_simd,
134             reference_types,
135             tail_call,
136             extended_const,
137             wide_arithmetic,
138             component_model_async,
139             component_model_async_builtins,
140             component_model_async_stackful,
141             component_model_threading,
142             component_model_error_context,
143             component_model_gc,
144             component_model_map,
145             component_model_fixed_length_lists,
146             simd,
147             exceptions,
148             legacy_exceptions: _,
149             custom_descriptors: _,
150 
151             hogs_memory: _,
152             nan_canonicalization: _,
153             gc_types: _,
154             stack_switching: _,
155             spec_test: _,
156         } = test.config;
157 
158         // Enable/disable some proposals that aren't configurable in wasm-smith
159         // but are configurable in Wasmtime.
160         self.module_config.function_references_enabled =
161             function_references.or(gc).unwrap_or(false);
162         self.module_config.component_model_async = component_model_async.unwrap_or(false);
163         self.module_config.component_model_async_builtins =
164             component_model_async_builtins.unwrap_or(false);
165         self.module_config.component_model_async_stackful =
166             component_model_async_stackful.unwrap_or(false);
167         self.module_config.component_model_threading = component_model_threading.unwrap_or(false);
168         self.module_config.component_model_error_context =
169             component_model_error_context.unwrap_or(false);
170         self.module_config.component_model_gc = component_model_gc.unwrap_or(false);
171         self.module_config.component_model_map = component_model_map.unwrap_or(false);
172         self.module_config.component_model_fixed_length_lists =
173             component_model_fixed_length_lists.unwrap_or(false);
174 
175         // Enable/disable proposals that wasm-smith has knobs for which will be
176         // read when creating `wasmtime::Config`.
177         let config = &mut self.module_config.config;
178         config.bulk_memory_enabled = bulk_memory.unwrap_or(false);
179         config.multi_value_enabled = true;
180         config.wide_arithmetic_enabled = wide_arithmetic.unwrap_or(false);
181         config.memory64_enabled = memory64.unwrap_or(false);
182         config.relaxed_simd_enabled = relaxed_simd.unwrap_or(false);
183         config.simd_enabled = config.relaxed_simd_enabled || simd.unwrap_or(false);
184         config.tail_call_enabled = tail_call.unwrap_or(false);
185         config.custom_page_sizes_enabled = custom_page_sizes.unwrap_or(false);
186         config.threads_enabled = threads.unwrap_or(false);
187         config.shared_everything_threads_enabled = shared_everything_threads.unwrap_or(false);
188         config.gc_enabled = gc.unwrap_or(false);
189         config.reference_types_enabled = config.gc_enabled
190             || self.module_config.function_references_enabled
191             || reference_types.unwrap_or(false);
192         config.extended_const_enabled = extended_const.unwrap_or(false);
193         config.exceptions_enabled = exceptions.unwrap_or(false);
194         if multi_memory.unwrap_or(false) {
195             config.max_memories = limits::MEMORIES_PER_MODULE as usize;
196         } else {
197             config.max_memories = 1;
198         }
199 
200         if let Some(n) = &mut self.wasmtime.memory_config.memory_reservation {
201             *n = (*n).max(limits::MEMORY_SIZE as u64);
202         }
203 
204         // FIXME: it might be more ideal to avoid the need for this entirely
205         // and to just let the test fail. If a test fails due to a pooling
206         // allocator resource limit being met we could ideally detect that and
207         // let the fuzz test case pass. That would avoid the need to hardcode
208         // so much here and in theory wouldn't reduce the usefulness of fuzzers
209         // all that much. At this time though we can't easily test this configuration.
210         if let InstanceAllocationStrategy::Pooling(pooling) = &mut self.wasmtime.strategy {
211             // Clamp protection keys between 1 & 2 to reduce the number of
212             // slots and then multiply the total memories by the number of keys
213             // we have since a single store has access to only one key.
214             pooling.max_memory_protection_keys = pooling.max_memory_protection_keys.max(1).min(2);
215             pooling.total_memories = pooling
216                 .total_memories
217                 .max(limits::MEMORIES * (pooling.max_memory_protection_keys as u32));
218 
219             // For other limits make sure they meet the minimum threshold
220             // required for our wast tests.
221             pooling.total_component_instances = pooling
222                 .total_component_instances
223                 .max(limits::COMPONENT_INSTANCES);
224             pooling.total_tables = pooling.total_tables.max(limits::TABLES);
225             pooling.max_tables_per_module =
226                 pooling.max_tables_per_module.max(limits::TABLES_PER_MODULE);
227             pooling.max_memories_per_module = pooling
228                 .max_memories_per_module
229                 .max(limits::MEMORIES_PER_MODULE);
230             pooling.max_memories_per_component = pooling
231                 .max_memories_per_component
232                 .max(limits::MEMORIES_PER_MODULE);
233             pooling.total_core_instances = pooling.total_core_instances.max(limits::CORE_INSTANCES);
234             pooling.max_memory_size = pooling.max_memory_size.max(limits::MEMORY_SIZE);
235             pooling.table_elements = pooling.table_elements.max(limits::TABLE_ELEMENTS);
236             pooling.core_instance_size = pooling.core_instance_size.max(limits::CORE_INSTANCE_SIZE);
237             pooling.component_instance_size = pooling
238                 .component_instance_size
239                 .max(limits::CORE_INSTANCE_SIZE);
240             pooling.total_stacks = pooling.total_stacks.max(limits::TOTAL_STACKS);
241         }
242 
243         // Return the test configuration that this fuzz configuration represents
244         // which is used afterwards to test if the `test` here is expected to
245         // fail or not.
246         WastConfig {
247             collector: match self.wasmtime.collector {
248                 Collector::Null => wasmtime_test_util::wast::Collector::Null,
249                 Collector::DeferredReferenceCounting => {
250                     wasmtime_test_util::wast::Collector::DeferredReferenceCounting
251                 }
252             },
253             pooling: matches!(
254                 self.wasmtime.strategy,
255                 InstanceAllocationStrategy::Pooling(_)
256             ),
257             compiler: match self.wasmtime.compiler_strategy {
258                 CompilerStrategy::CraneliftNative => {
259                     wasmtime_test_util::wast::Compiler::CraneliftNative
260                 }
261                 CompilerStrategy::CraneliftPulley => {
262                     wasmtime_test_util::wast::Compiler::CraneliftPulley
263                 }
264                 CompilerStrategy::Winch => wasmtime_test_util::wast::Compiler::Winch,
265             },
266         }
267     }
268 
269     /// Converts this to a `wasmtime::Config` object
to_wasmtime(&self) -> wasmtime::Config270     pub fn to_wasmtime(&self) -> wasmtime::Config {
271         crate::init_fuzzing();
272 
273         let mut cfg = wasmtime_cli_flags::CommonOptions::default();
274         cfg.codegen.native_unwind_info =
275             Some(cfg!(target_os = "windows") || self.wasmtime.native_unwind_info);
276         cfg.codegen.parallel_compilation = Some(false);
277 
278         cfg.debug.address_map = Some(self.wasmtime.generate_address_map);
279         cfg.opts.opt_level = Some(self.wasmtime.opt_level.to_wasmtime());
280         cfg.opts.regalloc_algorithm = Some(self.wasmtime.regalloc_algorithm.to_wasmtime());
281         cfg.opts.signals_based_traps = Some(self.wasmtime.signals_based_traps);
282         cfg.opts.memory_guaranteed_dense_image_size = Some(std::cmp::min(
283             // Clamp this at 16MiB so we don't get huge in-memory
284             // images during fuzzing.
285             16 << 20,
286             self.wasmtime.memory_guaranteed_dense_image_size,
287         ));
288         cfg.wasm.async_stack_zeroing = Some(self.wasmtime.async_stack_zeroing);
289         cfg.wasm.bulk_memory = Some(self.module_config.config.bulk_memory_enabled);
290         cfg.wasm.component_model_async = Some(self.module_config.component_model_async);
291         cfg.wasm.component_model_async_builtins =
292             Some(self.module_config.component_model_async_builtins);
293         cfg.wasm.component_model_async_stackful =
294             Some(self.module_config.component_model_async_stackful);
295         cfg.wasm.component_model_threading = Some(self.module_config.component_model_threading);
296         cfg.wasm.component_model_error_context =
297             Some(self.module_config.component_model_error_context);
298         cfg.wasm.component_model_gc = Some(self.module_config.component_model_gc);
299         cfg.wasm.component_model_map = Some(self.module_config.component_model_map);
300         cfg.wasm.component_model_fixed_length_lists =
301             Some(self.module_config.component_model_fixed_length_lists);
302         cfg.wasm.custom_page_sizes = Some(self.module_config.config.custom_page_sizes_enabled);
303         cfg.wasm.epoch_interruption = Some(self.wasmtime.epoch_interruption);
304         cfg.wasm.extended_const = Some(self.module_config.config.extended_const_enabled);
305         cfg.wasm.fuel = self.wasmtime.consume_fuel.then(|| u64::MAX);
306         cfg.wasm.function_references = Some(self.module_config.function_references_enabled);
307         cfg.wasm.gc = Some(self.module_config.config.gc_enabled);
308         cfg.wasm.memory64 = Some(self.module_config.config.memory64_enabled);
309         cfg.wasm.multi_memory = Some(self.module_config.config.max_memories > 1);
310         cfg.wasm.multi_value = Some(self.module_config.config.multi_value_enabled);
311         cfg.wasm.nan_canonicalization = Some(self.wasmtime.canonicalize_nans);
312         cfg.wasm.reference_types = Some(self.module_config.config.reference_types_enabled);
313         cfg.wasm.simd = Some(self.module_config.config.simd_enabled);
314         cfg.wasm.tail_call = Some(self.module_config.config.tail_call_enabled);
315         cfg.wasm.threads = Some(self.module_config.config.threads_enabled);
316         cfg.wasm.shared_everything_threads =
317             Some(self.module_config.config.shared_everything_threads_enabled);
318         cfg.wasm.wide_arithmetic = Some(self.module_config.config.wide_arithmetic_enabled);
319         cfg.wasm.exceptions = Some(self.module_config.config.exceptions_enabled);
320         cfg.wasm.shared_memory = Some(self.module_config.shared_memory);
321         if !self.module_config.config.simd_enabled {
322             cfg.wasm.relaxed_simd = Some(false);
323         }
324         cfg.codegen.collector = Some(self.wasmtime.collector.to_wasmtime());
325 
326         let compiler_strategy = &self.wasmtime.compiler_strategy;
327         let cranelift_strategy = match compiler_strategy {
328             CompilerStrategy::CraneliftNative | CompilerStrategy::CraneliftPulley => true,
329             CompilerStrategy::Winch => false,
330         };
331         self.wasmtime.compiler_strategy.configure(&mut cfg);
332 
333         self.wasmtime.codegen.configure(&mut cfg);
334 
335         cfg.codegen.inlining = self.wasmtime.inlining;
336 
337         // Only set cranelift specific flags when the Cranelift strategy is
338         // chosen.
339         if cranelift_strategy {
340             if let Some(option) = self.wasmtime.inlining_intra_module {
341                 cfg.codegen.cranelift.push((
342                     "wasmtime_inlining_intra_module".to_string(),
343                     Some(option.to_string()),
344                 ));
345             }
346             if let Some(size) = self.wasmtime.inlining_small_callee_size {
347                 cfg.codegen.cranelift.push((
348                     "wasmtime_inlining_small_callee_size".to_string(),
349                     // Clamp to avoid extreme code size blow up.
350                     Some(std::cmp::min(1000, size).to_string()),
351                 ));
352             }
353             if let Some(size) = self.wasmtime.inlining_sum_size_threshold {
354                 cfg.codegen.cranelift.push((
355                     "wasmtime_inlining_sum_size_threshold".to_string(),
356                     // Clamp to avoid extreme code size blow up.
357                     Some(std::cmp::min(1000, size).to_string()),
358                 ));
359             }
360 
361             // If the wasm-smith-generated module use nan canonicalization then we
362             // don't need to enable it, but if it doesn't enable it already then we
363             // enable this codegen option.
364             cfg.wasm.nan_canonicalization = Some(!self.module_config.config.canonicalize_nans);
365 
366             // Enabling the verifier will at-least-double compilation time, which
367             // with a 20-30x slowdown in fuzzing can cause issues related to
368             // timeouts. If generated modules can have more than a small handful of
369             // functions then disable the verifier when fuzzing to try to lessen the
370             // impact of timeouts.
371             if self.module_config.config.max_funcs > 10 {
372                 cfg.codegen.cranelift_debug_verifier = Some(false);
373             }
374 
375             if self.wasmtime.force_jump_veneers {
376                 cfg.codegen.cranelift.push((
377                     "wasmtime_linkopt_force_jump_veneer".to_string(),
378                     Some("true".to_string()),
379                 ));
380             }
381 
382             if let Some(pad) = self.wasmtime.padding_between_functions {
383                 cfg.codegen.cranelift.push((
384                     "wasmtime_linkopt_padding_between_functions".to_string(),
385                     Some(pad.to_string()),
386                 ));
387             }
388 
389             // Eager init is currently only supported on Cranelift, not Winch.
390             cfg.opts.table_lazy_init = Some(self.wasmtime.table_lazy_init);
391         }
392 
393         self.wasmtime.strategy.configure(&mut cfg);
394 
395         // Vary the memory configuration, but only if threads are not enabled.
396         // When the threads proposal is enabled we might generate shared memory,
397         // which is less amenable to different memory configurations:
398         // - shared memories are required to be "static" so fuzzing the various
399         //   memory configurations will mostly result in uninteresting errors.
400         //   The interesting part about shared memories is the runtime so we
401         //   don't fuzz non-default settings.
402         // - shared memories are required to be aligned which means that the
403         //   `CustomUnaligned` variant isn't actually safe to use with a shared
404         //   memory.
405         if !self.module_config.config.threads_enabled {
406             let memory_config = self.wasmtime.memory_config.clone();
407             memory_config.configure(&mut cfg);
408         };
409 
410         // If malloc-based memory is going to be used, which requires these four
411         // options set to specific values (and Pulley auto-sets two of them)
412         // then be sure to cap `memory_reservation_for_growth` at a smaller
413         // value than the default. For malloc-based memory reservation beyond
414         // the end of memory isn't captured by `StoreLimiter` so we need to be
415         // sure it's small enough to not blow OOM limits while fuzzing.
416         if ((cfg.opts.signals_based_traps == Some(true) && cfg.opts.memory_guard_size == Some(0))
417             || self.wasmtime.compiler_strategy == CompilerStrategy::CraneliftPulley)
418             && cfg.opts.memory_reservation == Some(0)
419             && cfg.opts.memory_init_cow == Some(false)
420         {
421             let growth = &mut cfg.opts.memory_reservation_for_growth;
422             let max = 1 << 20;
423             *growth = match *growth {
424                 Some(n) => Some(n.min(max)),
425                 None => Some(max),
426             };
427         }
428 
429         log::debug!("creating wasmtime config with CLI options:\n{cfg}");
430         let mut cfg = cfg.config(None).expect("failed to create wasmtime::Config");
431 
432         if self.wasmtime.async_config != AsyncConfig::Disabled {
433             log::debug!("async config in use {:?}", self.wasmtime.async_config);
434             self.wasmtime.async_config.configure(&mut cfg);
435         }
436 
437         // Fuzzing on macOS with mach ports seems to sometimes bypass the mach
438         // port handling thread entirely and go straight to asan's or fuzzing's
439         // signal handler. No idea why and for me at least it's just easier to
440         // disable mach ports when fuzzing because there's no need to use that
441         // over signal handlers.
442         if cfg!(target_vendor = "apple") {
443             cfg.macos_use_mach_ports(false);
444         }
445 
446         return cfg;
447     }
448 
449     /// Convenience function for generating a `Store<T>` using this
450     /// configuration.
to_store(&self) -> Store<StoreLimits>451     pub fn to_store(&self) -> Store<StoreLimits> {
452         let engine = Engine::new(&self.to_wasmtime()).unwrap();
453         let mut store = Store::new(&engine, StoreLimits::new());
454         self.configure_store(&mut store);
455         store
456     }
457 
458     /// Configures a store based on this configuration.
configure_store(&self, store: &mut Store<StoreLimits>)459     pub fn configure_store(&self, store: &mut Store<StoreLimits>) {
460         store.limiter(|s| s as &mut dyn wasmtime::ResourceLimiter);
461         self.configure_store_epoch_and_fuel(store);
462     }
463 
464     /// Configures everything unrelated to `T` in a store, such as epochs and
465     /// fuel.
configure_store_epoch_and_fuel<T>(&self, store: &mut Store<T>)466     pub fn configure_store_epoch_and_fuel<T>(&self, store: &mut Store<T>) {
467         // Configure the store to never abort by default, that is it'll have
468         // max fuel or otherwise trap on an epoch change but the epoch won't
469         // ever change.
470         //
471         // Afterwards though see what `AsyncConfig` is being used an further
472         // refine the store's configuration based on that.
473         if self.wasmtime.consume_fuel {
474             store.set_fuel(u64::MAX).unwrap();
475         }
476         if self.wasmtime.epoch_interruption {
477             store.epoch_deadline_trap();
478             store.set_epoch_deadline(1);
479         }
480         match self.wasmtime.async_config {
481             AsyncConfig::Disabled => {}
482             AsyncConfig::YieldWithFuel(amt) => {
483                 assert!(self.wasmtime.consume_fuel);
484                 store.fuel_async_yield_interval(Some(amt)).unwrap();
485             }
486             AsyncConfig::YieldWithEpochs { ticks, .. } => {
487                 assert!(self.wasmtime.epoch_interruption);
488                 store.set_epoch_deadline(ticks);
489                 store.epoch_deadline_async_yield_and_update(ticks);
490             }
491         }
492     }
493 
494     /// Generates an arbitrary method of timing out an instance, ensuring that
495     /// this configuration supports the returned timeout.
generate_timeout(&mut self, u: &mut Unstructured<'_>) -> arbitrary::Result<Timeout>496     pub fn generate_timeout(&mut self, u: &mut Unstructured<'_>) -> arbitrary::Result<Timeout> {
497         let time_duration = Duration::from_millis(100);
498         let timeout = u
499             .choose(&[Timeout::Fuel(100_000), Timeout::Epoch(time_duration)])?
500             .clone();
501         match &timeout {
502             Timeout::Fuel(..) => {
503                 self.wasmtime.consume_fuel = true;
504             }
505             Timeout::Epoch(..) => {
506                 self.wasmtime.epoch_interruption = true;
507             }
508             Timeout::None => unreachable!("Not an option given to choose()"),
509         }
510         Ok(timeout)
511     }
512 
513     /// Compiles the `wasm` within the `engine` provided.
514     ///
515     /// This notably will use `Module::{serialize,deserialize_file}` to
516     /// round-trip if configured in the fuzzer.
compile(&self, engine: &Engine, wasm: &[u8]) -> Result<Module>517     pub fn compile(&self, engine: &Engine, wasm: &[u8]) -> Result<Module> {
518         // Propagate this error in case the caller wants to handle
519         // valid-vs-invalid wasm.
520         let module = Module::new(engine, wasm)?;
521         if !self.wasmtime.use_precompiled_cwasm {
522             return Ok(module);
523         }
524 
525         // Don't propagate these errors to prevent them from accidentally being
526         // interpreted as invalid wasm, these should never fail on a
527         // well-behaved host system.
528         let dir = tempfile::TempDir::new().unwrap();
529         let file = dir.path().join("module.wasm");
530         std::fs::write(&file, module.serialize().unwrap()).unwrap();
531         unsafe { Ok(Module::deserialize_file(engine, &file).unwrap()) }
532     }
533 
534     /// Updates this configuration to forcibly enable async support. Only useful
535     /// in fuzzers which do async calls.
enable_async(&mut self, u: &mut Unstructured<'_>) -> arbitrary::Result<()>536     pub fn enable_async(&mut self, u: &mut Unstructured<'_>) -> arbitrary::Result<()> {
537         if self.wasmtime.consume_fuel || u.arbitrary()? {
538             self.wasmtime.async_config =
539                 AsyncConfig::YieldWithFuel(u.int_in_range(1000..=100_000)?);
540             self.wasmtime.consume_fuel = true;
541         } else {
542             self.wasmtime.async_config = AsyncConfig::YieldWithEpochs {
543                 dur: Duration::from_millis(u.int_in_range(1..=10)?),
544                 ticks: u.int_in_range(1..=10)?,
545             };
546             self.wasmtime.epoch_interruption = true;
547         }
548         Ok(())
549     }
550 }
551 
552 impl<'a> Arbitrary<'a> for Config {
arbitrary(u: &mut Unstructured<'a>) -> arbitrary::Result<Self>553     fn arbitrary(u: &mut Unstructured<'a>) -> arbitrary::Result<Self> {
554         let mut config = Self {
555             wasmtime: u.arbitrary()?,
556             module_config: u.arbitrary()?,
557         };
558 
559         config
560             .wasmtime
561             .update_module_config(&mut config.module_config, u)?;
562 
563         Ok(config)
564     }
565 }
566 
567 /// Configuration related to `wasmtime::Config` and the various settings which
568 /// can be tweaked from within.
569 #[derive(Arbitrary, Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
570 pub struct WasmtimeConfig {
571     opt_level: OptLevel,
572     regalloc_algorithm: RegallocAlgorithm,
573     debug_info: bool,
574     canonicalize_nans: bool,
575     interruptible: bool,
576     pub(crate) consume_fuel: bool,
577     pub(crate) epoch_interruption: bool,
578     /// The Wasmtime memory configuration to use.
579     pub memory_config: MemoryConfig,
580     force_jump_veneers: bool,
581     memory_init_cow: bool,
582     memory_guaranteed_dense_image_size: u64,
583     inlining: Option<bool>,
584     inlining_intra_module: Option<IntraModuleInlining>,
585     inlining_small_callee_size: Option<u32>,
586     inlining_sum_size_threshold: Option<u32>,
587     use_precompiled_cwasm: bool,
588     async_stack_zeroing: bool,
589     /// Configuration for the instance allocation strategy to use.
590     pub strategy: InstanceAllocationStrategy,
591     codegen: CodegenSettings,
592     padding_between_functions: Option<u16>,
593     generate_address_map: bool,
594     native_unwind_info: bool,
595     /// Configuration for the compiler to use.
596     pub compiler_strategy: CompilerStrategy,
597     collector: Collector,
598     table_lazy_init: bool,
599 
600     /// Configuration for whether wasm is invoked in an async fashion and how
601     /// it's cooperatively time-sliced.
602     pub async_config: AsyncConfig,
603 
604     /// Whether or not host signal handlers are enabled for this configuration,
605     /// aka whether signal handlers are supported.
606     signals_based_traps: bool,
607 }
608 
609 impl WasmtimeConfig {
610     /// Force `self` to be a configuration compatible with `other`. This is
611     /// useful for differential execution to avoid unhelpful fuzz crashes when
612     /// one engine has a feature enabled and the other does not.
make_compatible_with(&mut self, other: &Self)613     pub fn make_compatible_with(&mut self, other: &Self) {
614         // Use the same allocation strategy between the two configs.
615         //
616         // Ideally this wouldn't be necessary, but, during differential
617         // evaluation, if the `lhs` is using ondemand and the `rhs` is using the
618         // pooling allocator (or vice versa), then the module may have been
619         // generated in such a way that is incompatible with the other
620         // allocation strategy.
621         //
622         // We can remove this in the future when it's possible to access the
623         // fields of `wasm_smith::Module` to constrain the pooling allocator
624         // based on what was actually generated.
625         self.strategy = other.strategy.clone();
626         if let InstanceAllocationStrategy::Pooling { .. } = &other.strategy {
627             // Also use the same memory configuration when using the pooling
628             // allocator.
629             self.memory_config = other.memory_config.clone();
630         }
631 
632         self.make_internally_consistent();
633     }
634 
635     /// Updates `config` to be compatible with `self` and the other way around
636     /// too.
update_module_config( &mut self, config: &mut ModuleConfig, _u: &mut Unstructured<'_>, ) -> arbitrary::Result<()>637     pub fn update_module_config(
638         &mut self,
639         config: &mut ModuleConfig,
640         _u: &mut Unstructured<'_>,
641     ) -> arbitrary::Result<()> {
642         match self.compiler_strategy {
643             CompilerStrategy::CraneliftNative => {}
644 
645             CompilerStrategy::Winch => {
646                 // Winch is not complete on non-x64 targets, so just abandon this test
647                 // case. We don't want to force Cranelift because we change what module
648                 // config features are enabled based on the compiler strategy, and we
649                 // don't want to make the same fuzz input DNA generate different test
650                 // cases on different targets.
651                 if cfg!(not(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "aarch64"))) {
652                     log::warn!(
653                         "want to compile with Winch but host architecture does not support it"
654                     );
655                     return Err(arbitrary::Error::IncorrectFormat);
656                 }
657 
658                 // Winch doesn't support the same set of wasm proposal as Cranelift
659                 // at this time, so if winch is selected be sure to disable wasm
660                 // proposals in `Config` to ensure that Winch can compile the
661                 // module that wasm-smith generates.
662                 config.config.relaxed_simd_enabled = false;
663                 config.config.gc_enabled = false;
664                 config.config.tail_call_enabled = false;
665                 config.config.reference_types_enabled = false;
666                 config.config.exceptions_enabled = false;
667                 config.function_references_enabled = false;
668 
669                 // Winch's SIMD implementations require AVX and AVX2.
670                 if self
671                     .codegen_flag("has_avx")
672                     .is_some_and(|value| value == "false")
673                     || self
674                         .codegen_flag("has_avx2")
675                         .is_some_and(|value| value == "false")
676                 {
677                     config.config.simd_enabled = false;
678                 }
679 
680                 // Account for the proposals that are currently only
681                 // supported on x64.
682                 if cfg!(target_arch = "aarch64") {
683                     config.config.simd_enabled = false;
684                     config.config.wide_arithmetic_enabled = false;
685                     config.config.threads_enabled = false;
686                 }
687 
688                 // Tuning  the following engine options is currently not supported
689                 // by Winch.
690                 self.signals_based_traps = true;
691                 self.table_lazy_init = true;
692                 self.debug_info = false;
693             }
694 
695             CompilerStrategy::CraneliftPulley => {
696                 config.config.threads_enabled = false;
697             }
698         }
699 
700         // If using the pooling allocator, constrain the memory and module configurations
701         // to the module limits.
702         if let InstanceAllocationStrategy::Pooling(pooling) = &mut self.strategy {
703             // If the pooling allocator is used, do not allow shared memory to
704             // be created. FIXME: see
705             // https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/issues/4244.
706             config.config.threads_enabled = false;
707 
708             // Ensure the pooling allocator can support the maximal size of
709             // memory, picking the smaller of the two to win.
710             let min_bytes = config
711                 .config
712                 .max_memory32_bytes
713                 // memory64_bytes is a u128, but since we are taking the min
714                 // we can truncate it down to a u64.
715                 .min(
716                     config
717                         .config
718                         .max_memory64_bytes
719                         .try_into()
720                         .unwrap_or(u64::MAX),
721                 );
722             let min = min_bytes
723                 .min(pooling.max_memory_size as u64)
724                 .min(self.memory_config.memory_reservation.unwrap_or(0));
725             pooling.max_memory_size = min as usize;
726             config.config.max_memory32_bytes = min;
727             config.config.max_memory64_bytes = min as u128;
728 
729             // If traps are disallowed then memories must have at least one page
730             // of memory so if we still are only allowing 0 pages of memory then
731             // increase that to one here.
732             if config.config.disallow_traps {
733                 if pooling.max_memory_size < (1 << 16) {
734                     pooling.max_memory_size = 1 << 16;
735                     config.config.max_memory32_bytes = 1 << 16;
736                     config.config.max_memory64_bytes = 1 << 16;
737                     let cfg = &mut self.memory_config;
738                     match &mut cfg.memory_reservation {
739                         Some(size) => *size = (*size).max(pooling.max_memory_size as u64),
740                         size @ None => *size = Some(pooling.max_memory_size as u64),
741                     }
742                 }
743                 // .. additionally update tables
744                 if pooling.table_elements == 0 {
745                     pooling.table_elements = 1;
746                 }
747             }
748 
749             // Don't allow too many linear memories per instance since massive
750             // virtual mappings can fail to get allocated.
751             config.config.min_memories = config.config.min_memories.min(10);
752             config.config.max_memories = config.config.max_memories.min(10);
753 
754             // Force this pooling allocator to always be able to accommodate the
755             // module that may be generated.
756             pooling.total_memories = config.config.max_memories as u32;
757             pooling.total_tables = config.config.max_tables as u32;
758         }
759 
760         if !self.signals_based_traps {
761             // At this time shared memories require a "static" memory
762             // configuration but when signals-based traps are disabled all
763             // memories are forced to the "dynamic" configuration. This is
764             // fixable with some more work on the bounds-checks side of things
765             // to do a full bounds check even on static memories, but that's
766             // left for a future PR.
767             config.config.threads_enabled = false;
768 
769             // Spectre-based heap mitigations require signal handlers so this
770             // must always be disabled if signals-based traps are disabled.
771             self.memory_config
772                 .cranelift_enable_heap_access_spectre_mitigations = None;
773         }
774 
775         self.make_internally_consistent();
776 
777         Ok(())
778     }
779 
780     /// Returns the codegen flag value, if any, for `name`.
codegen_flag(&self, name: &str) -> Option<&str>781     pub(crate) fn codegen_flag(&self, name: &str) -> Option<&str> {
782         self.codegen.flags().iter().find_map(|(n, value)| {
783             if n == name {
784                 Some(value.as_str())
785             } else {
786                 None
787             }
788         })
789     }
790 
791     /// Helper method to handle some dependencies between various configuration
792     /// options. This is intended to be called whenever a `Config` is created or
793     /// modified to ensure that the final result is an instantiable `Config`.
794     ///
795     /// Note that in general this probably shouldn't exist and anything here can
796     /// be considered a "TODO" to go implement more stuff in Wasmtime to accept
797     /// these sorts of configurations. For now though it's intended to reflect
798     /// the current state of the engine's development.
make_internally_consistent(&mut self)799     fn make_internally_consistent(&mut self) {
800         if !self.signals_based_traps {
801             let cfg = &mut self.memory_config;
802             // Spectre-based heap mitigations require signal handlers so
803             // this must always be disabled if signals-based traps are
804             // disabled.
805             cfg.cranelift_enable_heap_access_spectre_mitigations = None;
806 
807             // With configuration settings that match the use of malloc for
808             // linear memories cap the `memory_reservation_for_growth` value
809             // to something reasonable to avoid OOM in fuzzing.
810             if !cfg.memory_init_cow
811                 && cfg.memory_guard_size == Some(0)
812                 && cfg.memory_reservation == Some(0)
813             {
814                 let min = 10 << 20; // 10 MiB
815                 if let Some(val) = &mut cfg.memory_reservation_for_growth {
816                     *val = (*val).min(min);
817                 } else {
818                     cfg.memory_reservation_for_growth = Some(min);
819                 }
820             }
821         }
822     }
823 }
824 
825 #[derive(Arbitrary, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
826 enum OptLevel {
827     None,
828     Speed,
829     SpeedAndSize,
830 }
831 
832 impl OptLevel {
to_wasmtime(&self) -> wasmtime::OptLevel833     fn to_wasmtime(&self) -> wasmtime::OptLevel {
834         match self {
835             OptLevel::None => wasmtime::OptLevel::None,
836             OptLevel::Speed => wasmtime::OptLevel::Speed,
837             OptLevel::SpeedAndSize => wasmtime::OptLevel::SpeedAndSize,
838         }
839     }
840 }
841 
842 #[derive(Arbitrary, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
843 enum RegallocAlgorithm {
844     Backtracking,
845     SinglePass,
846 }
847 
848 impl RegallocAlgorithm {
to_wasmtime(&self) -> wasmtime::RegallocAlgorithm849     fn to_wasmtime(&self) -> wasmtime::RegallocAlgorithm {
850         match self {
851             RegallocAlgorithm::Backtracking => wasmtime::RegallocAlgorithm::Backtracking,
852             RegallocAlgorithm::SinglePass => {
853                 // FIXME(#11850)
854                 const SINGLE_PASS_KNOWN_BUGGY_AT_THIS_TIME: bool = true;
855                 if SINGLE_PASS_KNOWN_BUGGY_AT_THIS_TIME {
856                     wasmtime::RegallocAlgorithm::Backtracking
857                 } else {
858                     wasmtime::RegallocAlgorithm::SinglePass
859                 }
860             }
861         }
862     }
863 }
864 
865 #[derive(Arbitrary, Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
866 enum IntraModuleInlining {
867     Yes,
868     No,
869     WhenUsingGc,
870 }
871 
872 impl std::fmt::Display for IntraModuleInlining {
fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result873     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
874         match self {
875             IntraModuleInlining::Yes => write!(f, "yes"),
876             IntraModuleInlining::No => write!(f, "no"),
877             IntraModuleInlining::WhenUsingGc => write!(f, "gc"),
878         }
879     }
880 }
881 
882 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
883 /// Compiler to use.
884 pub enum CompilerStrategy {
885     /// Cranelift compiler for the native architecture.
886     CraneliftNative,
887     /// Winch compiler.
888     Winch,
889     /// Cranelift compiler for the native architecture.
890     CraneliftPulley,
891 }
892 
893 impl CompilerStrategy {
894     /// Configures `config` to use this compilation strategy
configure(&self, config: &mut wasmtime_cli_flags::CommonOptions)895     pub fn configure(&self, config: &mut wasmtime_cli_flags::CommonOptions) {
896         match self {
897             CompilerStrategy::CraneliftNative => {
898                 config.codegen.compiler = Some(wasmtime::Strategy::Cranelift);
899             }
900             CompilerStrategy::Winch => {
901                 config.codegen.compiler = Some(wasmtime::Strategy::Winch);
902             }
903             CompilerStrategy::CraneliftPulley => {
904                 config.codegen.compiler = Some(wasmtime::Strategy::Cranelift);
905                 config.target = Some("pulley64".to_string());
906             }
907         }
908     }
909 }
910 
911 impl Arbitrary<'_> for CompilerStrategy {
arbitrary(u: &mut Unstructured<'_>) -> arbitrary::Result<Self>912     fn arbitrary(u: &mut Unstructured<'_>) -> arbitrary::Result<Self> {
913         // Favor fuzzing native cranelift, but if allowed also enable
914         // winch/pulley.
915         match u.int_in_range(0..=19)? {
916             1 => Ok(Self::CraneliftPulley),
917             2 => Ok(Self::Winch),
918             _ => Ok(Self::CraneliftNative),
919         }
920     }
921 }
922 
923 #[derive(Arbitrary, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
924 pub enum Collector {
925     DeferredReferenceCounting,
926     Null,
927 }
928 
929 impl Collector {
to_wasmtime(&self) -> wasmtime::Collector930     fn to_wasmtime(&self) -> wasmtime::Collector {
931         match self {
932             Collector::DeferredReferenceCounting => wasmtime::Collector::DeferredReferenceCounting,
933             Collector::Null => wasmtime::Collector::Null,
934         }
935     }
936 }
937