1 //===- Fusion.cpp - Implementation of linalg Fusion -----------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // This file implements the linalg dialect Fusion pass.
10 //
11 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
12 
13 #include "mlir/Analysis/Dominance.h"
14 #include "mlir/Dialect/Linalg/Analysis/DependenceAnalysis.h"
15 #include "mlir/Dialect/Linalg/EDSC/Intrinsics.h"
16 #include "mlir/Dialect/Linalg/IR/LinalgOps.h"
17 #include "mlir/Dialect/Linalg/IR/LinalgTypes.h"
18 #include "mlir/Dialect/Linalg/Passes.h"
19 #include "mlir/Dialect/Linalg/Utils/Utils.h"
20 #include "mlir/Dialect/StandardOps/EDSC/Intrinsics.h"
21 #include "mlir/IR/AffineExpr.h"
22 #include "mlir/IR/AffineMap.h"
23 #include "mlir/IR/OpImplementation.h"
24 #include "mlir/IR/PatternMatch.h"
25 #include "mlir/Pass/Pass.h"
26 #include "mlir/Support/LLVM.h"
27 #include "mlir/Support/STLExtras.h"
28 #include "mlir/Transforms/FoldUtils.h"
29 #include "llvm/ADT/SetVector.h"
30 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
31 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
32 
33 #define DEBUG_TYPE "linalg-fusion"
34 
35 using namespace mlir;
36 using namespace mlir::edsc;
37 using namespace mlir::edsc::intrinsics;
38 using namespace mlir::linalg;
39 
40 using folded_std_constant_index = folded::ValueBuilder<ConstantIndexOp>;
41 
42 using llvm::dbgs;
43 
44 /// Implements a simple high-level fusion pass of linalg library operations.
45 ///
46 /// In each block, linalg ops are processed in reverse textual order.
47 /// Given a linalg op `O`, fusion occurs by:
48 ///   1. inspecting the linalg ops that write into the views read by `O`. This
49 ///      uses the SSA value of the views and a simple subview/slice analysis to
50 ///      determine producer-consumer dependences;
51 ///   2. greedily fuse the linalg ops that produce subview
52 ///   3. inspect the fused ops and determine whether they have other remaining
53 ///      LinalgOp uses. If not, then erase the original producing linalg op.
54 ///
55 /// More advanced use cases, analyses as well as profitability heuristics are
56 /// left for future work.
57 
58 static llvm::cl::OptionCategory clOptionsCategory(DEBUG_TYPE " options");
59 static llvm::cl::list<unsigned> clTileSizes(
60     "linalg-fusion-tile-sizes",
61     llvm::cl::desc(
62         "Tile sizes by which to tile linalg operations during linalg fusion"),
63     llvm::cl::ZeroOrMore, llvm::cl::MiscFlags::CommaSeparated,
64     llvm::cl::cat(clOptionsCategory));
65 
66 // Return a cloned version of `op` that operates on `loopRanges`, assumed to be
67 // a subset of the original loop ranges of `op`.
68 // This is achieved by applying the `loopToOperandRangesMaps` permutation maps
69 // to the `loopRanges` in order to obtain view ranges.
70 static LinalgOp cloneWithLoopRanges(OpBuilder &b, Location loc, LinalgOp op,
71                                     ArrayRef<SubViewOp::Range> loopRanges) {
72   assert(op.hasBufferSemantics() && "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
73   auto maps = loopToOperandRangesMaps(op);
74   SmallVector<Value, 8> clonedViews;
75   clonedViews.reserve(op.getNumInputsAndOutputs());
76   // Iterate over the inputs and outputs in order.
77   // Extract the subranges from the linearized ranges.
78   SmallVector<Value, 8> ios(op.getInputsAndOutputBuffers());
79   for (auto en : llvm::enumerate(ios)) {
80     unsigned idx = en.index();
81     auto map = maps[idx];
82     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "map: " << map << "\n");
83     Value view = en.value();
84     SmallVector<SubViewOp::Range, 4> viewRanges(map.getNumResults());
85     for (auto en2 : llvm::enumerate(map.getResults())) {
86       unsigned d = en2.index();
87       // loopToOperandRangesMaps are permutations-only.
88       unsigned loopPos = en2.value().cast<AffineDimExpr>().getPosition();
89       viewRanges[d] = loopRanges[loopPos];
90       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\ni,j: " << en.index() << ", " << en2.index()
91                         << "\t"
92                         << "loopPos: " << loopPos << "\t" << viewRanges[d]);
93     }
94     // Construct a new subview for the tile.
95     unsigned rank = viewRanges.size();
96     SmallVector<Value, 4> offsets, sizes, strides;
97     offsets.reserve(rank);
98     sizes.reserve(rank);
99     strides.reserve(rank);
100     for (auto r : viewRanges) {
101       offsets.push_back(r.offset);
102       sizes.push_back(r.size);
103       strides.push_back(r.stride);
104     }
105     clonedViews.push_back(
106         b.create<SubViewOp>(loc, view, offsets, sizes, strides));
107   }
108   auto operands = getAssumedNonViewOperands(op);
109   clonedViews.append(operands.begin(), operands.end());
110   return op.clone(b, loc, clonedViews);
111 }
112 
113 struct ViewDimension {
114   Value view;
115   unsigned dimension;
116 };
117 
118 // Given an `op`, returns the first (`view`, `dimension`) pair that identifies
119 // the loop range at `loopDepth`. The semantics of the loopToOperandRangesMaps
120 // guarantees at least one such dimension is found. If multiple candidates exist
121 // they must agree by construction (i.e. have the same size) and we just return
122 // the first one.
123 static ViewDimension getViewDefiningLoopRange(LinalgOp op, unsigned loopDepth) {
124   assert(op.hasBufferSemantics() && "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
125   auto maps = loopToOperandRangesMaps(op);
126   // Iterate over the inputs and outputs in order.
127   // Extract the subranges from the linearized ranges.
128   SmallVector<Value, 8> ios(op.getInputsAndOutputBuffers());
129   for (auto en : llvm::enumerate(ios)) {
130     unsigned idx = en.index();
131     auto map = maps[idx];
132     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "getViewDefiningLoopRange I/O idx: " << idx << "\n");
133     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "getViewDefiningLoopRange map: " << map << "\n");
134     Value view = en.value();
135     SmallVector<Value, 8> viewRanges(map.getNumResults(), nullptr);
136     for (auto en2 : llvm::enumerate(map.getResults())) {
137       if (loopDepth == en2.value().cast<AffineDimExpr>().getPosition()) {
138         LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "getViewDefiningLoopRange loopDepth: " << loopDepth
139                           << "\n");
140         LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "getViewDefiningLoopRange view: " << view << "\n");
141         return ViewDimension{view, static_cast<unsigned>(en2.index())};
142       }
143     }
144   }
145   llvm_unreachable("Expect to be able to extract a view defining loop range");
146 }
147 
148 static LinalgOp fuse(Value producedView, LinalgOp producer, LinalgOp consumer,
149                      unsigned consumerIdx, unsigned producerIdx,
150                      OperationFolder *folder) {
151   assert(producer.hasBufferSemantics() &&
152          "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
153   assert(consumer.hasBufferSemantics() &&
154          "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
155   auto subView = dyn_cast_or_null<SubViewOp>(
156       consumer.getInput(consumerIdx).getDefiningOp());
157   auto slice =
158       dyn_cast_or_null<SliceOp>(consumer.getInput(consumerIdx).getDefiningOp());
159   assert(subView || slice);
160   (void)subView;
161   (void)slice;
162 
163   // loopToOperandRangesMaps are permutations-only by construction:
164   //   we can always identify a data dimension with a (at least one) loop
165   //   dimension.
166   AffineMap producerMap =
167       loopToOperandRangesMaps(producer)[producer.getNumInputs() + producerIdx];
168   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Producer Idx: " << producerIdx
169                     << ", producer map: " << producerMap << "\n");
170 
171   unsigned nPar = producer.getNumParallelLoops();
172   unsigned nRed = producer.getNumReductionLoops();
173   unsigned nWin = producer.getNumWindowLoops();
174   SmallVector<SubViewOp::Range, 8> loopRanges(nPar + nRed + nWin);
175 
176   // Iterate over dimensions identified by the producer map for `producerIdx`.
177   // This defines a subset of the loop ranges that we need to complete later.
178   for (auto en : llvm::enumerate(producerMap.getResults())) {
179     unsigned posInProducerLoop = en.value().cast<AffineDimExpr>().getPosition();
180     loopRanges[posInProducerLoop] = subView.getRanges()[en.index()];
181   }
182 
183   OpBuilder b(consumer.getOperation());
184   auto loc = consumer.getLoc();
185   // Iterate over all dimensions. For the dimensions not identified by the
186   // producer map for `producerIdx`, we need to explicitly compute the view that
187   // defines the loop ranges using the `producer`.
188   for (unsigned i = 0, nLoops = loopRanges.size(); i < nLoops; ++i) {
189     if (loopRanges[i].offset)
190       LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs()
191                  << "existing LoopRange: " << loopRanges[i] << "\n");
192     else {
193       auto viewDim = getViewDefiningLoopRange(producer, i);
194       loopRanges[i] = SubViewOp::Range{
195           folded_std_constant_index(folder, 0),
196           std_dim(viewDim.view, viewDim.dimension),
197           folded_std_constant_index(folder, 1)
198       };
199       LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs() << "new LoopRange: " << loopRanges[i] << "\n");
200     }
201   }
202 
203   return cloneWithLoopRanges(b, loc, producer, loopRanges);
204 }
205 
206 // Encode structural fusion safety preconditions.
207 // Some of these will be lifted in the future with better analysis.
208 static bool isStructurallyFusableProducer(LinalgOp producer, Value consumedView,
209                                           LinalgOp consumer) {
210   assert(producer.hasBufferSemantics() &&
211          "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
212   assert(consumer.hasBufferSemantics() &&
213          "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
214   if (producer.getNumOutputs() != 1) {
215     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\nNot structurally fusable (multi-output)");
216     return false;
217   }
218   // Only fuse when the producer block dominates.
219   DominanceInfo dom(producer.getOperation());
220   if (!dom.dominates(producer.getOperation()->getBlock(),
221                      consumer.getOperation()->getBlock())) {
222     LLVM_DEBUG(
223         dbgs()
224         << "\nNot structurally fusable (producer block does not dominate)");
225     return false;
226   }
227   return true;
228 }
229 
230 bool mlir::linalg::isProducerLastWriteOfView(const LinalgDependenceGraph &graph,
231                                              LinalgOp consumer,
232                                              Value consumedView,
233                                              LinalgOp producer) {
234   assert(producer.hasBufferSemantics() &&
235          "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
236   assert(consumer.hasBufferSemantics() &&
237          "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
238   // Make some simple structural checks that alleviate the need for more
239   // complex analyses.
240   if (!isStructurallyFusableProducer(producer, consumedView, consumer)) {
241     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\n***Not static last write due to structure:\t"
242                       << *producer.getOperation());
243     return false;
244   }
245   // Check for any interleaved write to consumedView.
246   if (!graph.findCoveringWrites(producer, consumer, consumedView).empty()) {
247     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\n***Not fusable due to interleaved write:\t"
248                       << *producer.getOperation());
249     return false;
250   }
251   return true;
252 }
253 
254 bool mlir::linalg::isFusableInto(const LinalgDependenceGraph &graph,
255                                  LinalgOp consumer, Value consumedView,
256                                  LinalgOp producer) {
257   assert(producer.hasBufferSemantics() &&
258          "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
259   assert(consumer.hasBufferSemantics() &&
260          "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
261   if (!isProducerLastWriteOfView(graph, consumer, consumedView, producer))
262     return false;
263   // Check for any fusion-preventing dependence to any view read/written that
264   // would violate dependences.
265   if (!graph.findCoveringDependences(producer, consumer).empty()) {
266     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\n***Not fusable due to an interleaved dependence:\t"
267                       << *producer.getOperation());
268     return false;
269   }
270   return true;
271 }
272 
273 // Only consider RAW atm.
274 Optional<FusionInfo> mlir::linalg::fuseProducerOf(
275     OpBuilder &b, LinalgOp consumer, unsigned consumerIdx,
276     const LinalgDependenceGraph &graph, OperationFolder *folder) {
277   assert(consumer.hasBufferSemantics() &&
278          "expected linalg op with buffer semantics");
279   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\nStart examining consumer: "
280                     << *consumer.getOperation());
281   for (auto dependence : graph.getDependencesInto(
282            consumer, LinalgDependenceGraph::DependenceType::RAW)) {
283     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\n***Consider producer:\t"
284                       << *dependence.dependentOpView.op << "\n");
285     auto producer = cast<LinalgOp>(dependence.dependentOpView.op);
286     if (isa<linalg::IndexedGenericOp>(dependence.dependentOpView.op)) {
287       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Not fusing indexed_generic producer");
288       continue;
289     }
290 
291     // Check that the dependence is indeed on the input `consumerIdx` view.
292     auto consumedView = dependence.indexingView;
293     if (consumer.getInput(consumerIdx) != consumedView)
294       continue;
295 
296     // Consumer consumes this view, `isStructurallyFusableProducer` also checks
297     // whether it is a strict subview of the producer view.
298     auto producedView = dependence.dependentOpView.view;
299     auto producerIdx = producer.getIndexOfOutputBuffer(producedView).getValue();
300     // `consumerIdx` and `producerIdx` exist by construction.
301     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\nRAW producer: " << *producer.getOperation()
302                       << " view: " << producedView
303                       << " output index: " << producerIdx);
304 
305     // Must be a subview or a slice to guarantee there are loops we can fuse
306     // into.
307     auto subView = dyn_cast_or_null<SubViewOp>(consumedView.getDefiningOp());
308     auto slice = dyn_cast_or_null<SliceOp>(consumedView.getDefiningOp());
309     if (!subView && !slice) {
310       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\nNot fusable (not a subview or slice)");
311       continue;
312     }
313 
314     // Simple fusability checks.
315     if (!isFusableInto(graph, consumer, consumedView, producer))
316       continue;
317 
318     // Fuse `producer` just before `consumer`.
319     OpBuilder::InsertionGuard g(b);
320     b.setInsertionPoint(consumer.getOperation());
321     ScopedContext scope(b, consumer.getLoc());
322     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Fuse into consumer: " << *consumer << "\n");
323     auto fusedProducer = fuse(producedView, producer, consumer, consumerIdx,
324                               producerIdx, folder);
325 
326     return FusionInfo{producer, fusedProducer};
327   }
328   return llvm::None;
329 }
330 
331 /// Checks if two Generic ops are fusible, when one is a producer and another is
332 /// a consumer (with the result of the producer being the `consumerIdx` operand
333 /// of the consumer).
334 static bool areTensorOpsFusible(LinalgOp producer, LinalgOp consumer,
335                                 unsigned consumerIdx) {
336   // Verify that the producer and consumer are ops on tensors.
337   if (!producer.hasTensorSemantics() || !consumer.hasTensorSemantics())
338     return false;
339 
340   auto producerOp = dyn_cast<linalg::GenericOp>(producer.getOperation());
341   auto consumerOp = dyn_cast<linalg::GenericOp>(consumer.getOperation());
342   // Verify that
343   // - the producer and consumers are generic ops,
344   // - only handle cases where the producer has a single return value,
345   // - the producer return value should be the same as argument at `consumerIdx`
346   //   of the consumer,
347   // - the producer has all "parallel" iterator type.
348   // - only handle ops that use regions for specifying the scalar operations.
349   if (!producerOp || !consumerOp || producerOp.getNumOutputs() != 1 ||
350       producerOp.getResult(0) != consumerOp.getOperand(consumerIdx) ||
351       producerOp.getNumParallelLoops() != producerOp.getNumLoops() ||
352       producerOp.fun() || consumerOp.fun())
353     return false;
354 
355   // Get the consumer index map. The number of results of the consumer index map
356   // must match the number of loops of the producer.
357   AffineMap consumerIndexMap = consumerOp.getIndexingMap(consumerIdx);
358   if (consumerIndexMap.getNumResults() != producerOp.getNumLoops())
359     return false;
360 
361   // Finally the index_map for the result must be invertible. For now just
362   // verify it is a permutation.
363   AffineMap producerResultIndexMap = producerOp.getOutputIndexingMap(0);
364   return producerResultIndexMap.isPermutation();
365 }
366 
367 /// Computes the indexing maps for arguments of a producer generic op when the
368 /// result of the producer is fused with the consumer.
369 /// - consumerIndexMap is the indexing_map for the argument in the consumer op
370 ///   that is the result of the producer op.
371 /// - invProducerResultIndexMap is the inverse of the indexing_map for the
372 ///   result in the producer op.
373 /// - producerArgIndexMap is the indexing_map of the argument of the producer
374 ///   op.
375 /// The result is the indexing_map to use for the producer argument when the
376 /// producer and consumer ops are fused.
377 static AffineMap computeProducerArgMap(AffineMap consumerIndexMap,
378                                        AffineMap invProducerResultIndexMap,
379                                        AffineMap producerArgIndexMap) {
380   // t1 is map from producer result tensor index -> producer arg tensor index.
381   auto t1 = producerArgIndexMap.compose(invProducerResultIndexMap);
382   // The return is map from consumer loop -> producer arg tensor index,
383   // i.e. indexing_map for the producer argument in the fused operation.
384   return t1.compose(consumerIndexMap);
385 }
386 
387 Optional<LinalgOp> mlir::linalg::fuseTensorOps(OpBuilder &b, LinalgOp producer,
388                                                LinalgOp consumer,
389                                                unsigned consumerIdx,
390                                                OperationFolder *folder) {
391   if (!areTensorOpsFusible(producer, consumer, consumerIdx))
392     return {};
393 
394   MLIRContext *context = b.getContext();
395   auto producerOp = cast<linalg::GenericOp>(producer.getOperation());
396   auto consumerOp = cast<linalg::GenericOp>(consumer.getOperation());
397   AffineMap consumerIndexMap = consumerOp.getIndexingMap(consumerIdx);
398   AffineMap invProducerResultIndexMap =
399       inversePermutation(producerOp.getOutputIndexingMap(0));
400 
401   // Compute the fused op operandslist by replacing the operand corresponding to
402   // the result of the producer, with the operands of the producer.
403   unsigned fusedArgsIn =
404       producerOp.getNumInputs() + consumerOp.getNumInputs() - 1;
405   auto fusedArgsOut = consumerOp.getNumOutputs();
406   SmallVector<Value, 2> fusedOperandsList(consumerOp.getOperands());
407   fusedOperandsList.erase(std::next(fusedOperandsList.begin(), consumerIdx));
408   fusedOperandsList.reserve(fusedArgsIn + fusedArgsOut);
409   fusedOperandsList.insert(
410       std::next(fusedOperandsList.begin(), consumerIdx),
411       producerOp.operand_begin(),
412       std::next(producerOp.operand_begin(), producerOp.getNumInputs()));
413 
414   // Compute the fused indexing_maps of the operands/results of the fused op.
415   SmallVector<Attribute, 2> fusedIndexingMapAttrs;
416   fusedIndexingMapAttrs.reserve(fusedArgsIn + fusedArgsOut);
417   fusedIndexingMapAttrs.append(consumerOp.indexing_maps().begin(),
418                                consumerOp.indexing_maps().end());
419   fusedIndexingMapAttrs.erase(
420       std::next(fusedIndexingMapAttrs.begin(), consumerIdx));
421   auto *insertPos = std::next(fusedIndexingMapAttrs.begin(), consumerIdx);
422   for (auto producerArgIndexAttr :
423        llvm::enumerate(producerOp.indexing_maps())) {
424     if (producerArgIndexAttr.index() == producerOp.getNumInputs())
425       break;
426     auto composedIndexMap = computeProducerArgMap(
427         consumerIndexMap, invProducerResultIndexMap,
428         producerArgIndexAttr.value().cast<AffineMapAttr>().getValue());
429     insertPos = std::next(fusedIndexingMapAttrs.insert(
430         insertPos, AffineMapAttr::get(composedIndexMap)));
431   }
432 
433   // Generate the fused op.
434   auto fusedLinalgOp = b.create<GenericOp>(
435       UnknownLoc::get(context), consumerOp.getResultTypes(), fusedOperandsList,
436       b.getI64IntegerAttr(fusedArgsIn), b.getI64IntegerAttr(fusedArgsOut),
437       b.getArrayAttr(fusedIndexingMapAttrs), consumerOp.iterator_types(),
438       /*doc=*/nullptr,
439       /*fun=*/nullptr,
440       /*library_call=*/nullptr);
441 
442   // Build the region of the fused op.
443   auto &fusedOpRegion = fusedLinalgOp.region();
444   Block &producerOpBlock = producerOp.region().front();
445   Block &consumerOpBlock = consumerOp.region().front();
446   Block *fusedBlock = new Block();
447   fusedOpRegion.push_back(fusedBlock);
448   BlockAndValueMapping mapper;
449   // Map the arguments for the unmodified args from the consumer.
450   for (auto consumerOpArg : llvm::enumerate(consumerOpBlock.getArguments())) {
451     if (consumerOpArg.index() == consumerIdx) {
452       // Map the arguments for the args from the producer.
453       for (auto producerOpArg : producerOpBlock.getArguments())
454         mapper.map(producerOpArg,
455                    fusedBlock->addArgument(producerOpArg.getType()));
456       continue;
457     }
458     mapper.map(consumerOpArg.value(),
459                fusedBlock->addArgument(consumerOpArg.value().getType()));
460   }
461 
462   // Add operations from producer (except the yield operation) to the fused op.
463   for (auto &op : producerOpBlock.getOperations()) {
464     if (auto yieldOp = dyn_cast<YieldOp>(op)) {
465       // Lookup the value the yield operation is mapped to.
466       Value yieldVal = yieldOp.getOperand(0);
467       auto clonedVal = mapper.lookup(yieldVal);
468       mapper.map(consumerOpBlock.getArgument(consumerIdx), clonedVal);
469       continue;
470     }
471     fusedBlock->push_back(op.clone(mapper));
472   }
473   for (auto &op : consumerOpBlock.getOperations())
474     fusedBlock->push_back(op.clone(mapper));
475 
476   return cast<LinalgOp>(fusedLinalgOp.getOperation());
477 }
478 
479 static void fuseLinalgOpsGreedily(FuncOp f) {
480   LLVM_DEBUG(f.print(dbgs() << "\nBefore linalg-fusion: \n"));
481 
482   OpBuilder b(f);
483   OperationFolder folder(f.getContext());
484   DenseSet<Operation *> eraseSet;
485 
486   // Save original Linalg ops, we only want to make a pass over those.
487   SmallVector<Operation *, 8> linalgOps;
488   f.walk([&](LinalgOp op) {
489     if (op.hasBufferSemantics())
490       linalgOps.push_back(op);
491   });
492 
493   // TODO(pifon, ntv): LinalgDependenceGraph should be able to update itself.
494   // The current naive and expensive reconstruction of the graph should be
495   // removed.
496   for (auto *op : llvm::reverse(linalgOps)) {
497     for (unsigned id = 0, e = LinalgOp(op).getNumInputs(); id < e; ++id) {
498       linalg::Aliases aliases;
499       linalg::LinalgDependenceGraph graph(aliases, linalgOps);
500       if (auto info = fuseProducerOf(b, op, id, graph, &folder)) {
501         auto *originalOp = info->originalProducer.getOperation();
502         eraseSet.insert(originalOp);
503         auto *originalOpInLinalgOpsVector =
504             std::find(linalgOps.begin(), linalgOps.end(), originalOp);
505         *originalOpInLinalgOpsVector = info->fusedProducer.getOperation();
506       }
507     }
508   }
509   // The `fuseProducerOf` function performs structural checks and in particular
510   // that no covering read or write exist between the consumer and the producer.
511   // As a consequence, the only fusions that may occur preserve subsequent
512   // dependences and are guaranteed by construction to produce the whole view.
513   // We may thus erase the producer once it is fused.
514   for (auto *e : eraseSet)
515     e->erase();
516   LLVM_DEBUG(f.print(dbgs() << "\nAfter linalg-fusion: \n"));
517 }
518 
519 namespace {
520 
521 /// Patterns to fuse a generic op, with the producer of its operands.
522 struct FuseGenericTensorOps : public OpRewritePattern<GenericOp> {
523   using OpRewritePattern<GenericOp>::OpRewritePattern;
524 
525   PatternMatchResult matchAndRewrite(GenericOp op,
526                                      PatternRewriter &rewriter) const override {
527     if (!op.hasTensorSemantics())
528       return matchFailure();
529 
530     // Find the first operand that is defined by another generic op on tensors.
531     for (auto operand : llvm::enumerate(op.getOperation()->getOperands())) {
532       auto definingOp =
533           dyn_cast_or_null<GenericOp>(operand.value().getDefiningOp());
534       if (!definingOp || !definingOp.hasTensorSemantics())
535         continue;
536       auto fusedOp =
537           fuseTensorOps(rewriter, cast<LinalgOp>(definingOp.getOperation()),
538                         cast<LinalgOp>(op.getOperation()), operand.index());
539       if (!fusedOp)
540         continue;
541       rewriter.replaceOp(op, fusedOp.getValue().getOperation()->getResults());
542       return matchSuccess();
543     }
544     return matchFailure();
545   }
546 };
547 
548 /// Pass that fuses generic ops on tensors. Used only for testing.
549 struct FusionOfTensorOpsPass : public OperationPass<FusionOfTensorOpsPass> {
550   void runOnOperation() override {
551     OwningRewritePatternList patterns;
552     Operation *op = getOperation();
553     patterns.insert<FuseGenericTensorOps>(op->getContext());
554     applyPatternsGreedily(op->getRegions(), patterns);
555   };
556 };
557 
558 struct LinalgFusionPass : public FunctionPass<LinalgFusionPass> {
559   void runOnFunction() override { fuseLinalgOpsGreedily(getFunction()); }
560 };
561 } // namespace
562 
563 std::unique_ptr<OpPassBase<FuncOp>> mlir::createLinalgFusionPass() {
564   return std::make_unique<LinalgFusionPass>();
565 }
566 
567 static PassRegistration<LinalgFusionPass>
568     pass("linalg-fusion", "Fuse operations in the linalg dialect");
569 
570 static PassRegistration<FusionOfTensorOpsPass>
571     tensorOpsPass("linalg-fusion-for-tensor-ops",
572                   "Fuse operations on RankedTensorType in linalg dialect");
573