1 //===--- SemaChecking.cpp - Extra Semantic Checking -----------------------===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 //  This file implements extra semantic analysis beyond what is enforced
11 //  by the C type system.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #include "clang/Sema/SemaInternal.h"
16 #include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
17 #include "clang/AST/CharUnits.h"
18 #include "clang/AST/DeclCXX.h"
19 #include "clang/AST/DeclObjC.h"
20 #include "clang/AST/EvaluatedExprVisitor.h"
21 #include "clang/AST/Expr.h"
22 #include "clang/AST/ExprCXX.h"
23 #include "clang/AST/ExprObjC.h"
24 #include "clang/AST/StmtCXX.h"
25 #include "clang/AST/StmtObjC.h"
26 #include "clang/Analysis/Analyses/FormatString.h"
27 #include "clang/Basic/CharInfo.h"
28 #include "clang/Basic/TargetBuiltins.h"
29 #include "clang/Basic/TargetInfo.h"
30 #include "clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h"
31 #include "clang/Sema/Initialization.h"
32 #include "clang/Sema/Lookup.h"
33 #include "clang/Sema/ScopeInfo.h"
34 #include "clang/Sema/Sema.h"
35 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
36 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallBitVector.h"
37 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
38 #include "llvm/Support/ConvertUTF.h"
39 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
40 #include <limits>
41 using namespace clang;
42 using namespace sema;
43 
44 SourceLocation Sema::getLocationOfStringLiteralByte(const StringLiteral *SL,
45                                                     unsigned ByteNo) const {
46   return SL->getLocationOfByte(ByteNo, PP.getSourceManager(),
47                                PP.getLangOpts(), PP.getTargetInfo());
48 }
49 
50 /// Checks that a call expression's argument count is the desired number.
51 /// This is useful when doing custom type-checking.  Returns true on error.
52 static bool checkArgCount(Sema &S, CallExpr *call, unsigned desiredArgCount) {
53   unsigned argCount = call->getNumArgs();
54   if (argCount == desiredArgCount) return false;
55 
56   if (argCount < desiredArgCount)
57     return S.Diag(call->getLocEnd(), diag::err_typecheck_call_too_few_args)
58         << 0 /*function call*/ << desiredArgCount << argCount
59         << call->getSourceRange();
60 
61   // Highlight all the excess arguments.
62   SourceRange range(call->getArg(desiredArgCount)->getLocStart(),
63                     call->getArg(argCount - 1)->getLocEnd());
64 
65   return S.Diag(range.getBegin(), diag::err_typecheck_call_too_many_args)
66     << 0 /*function call*/ << desiredArgCount << argCount
67     << call->getArg(1)->getSourceRange();
68 }
69 
70 /// Check that the first argument to __builtin_annotation is an integer
71 /// and the second argument is a non-wide string literal.
72 static bool SemaBuiltinAnnotation(Sema &S, CallExpr *TheCall) {
73   if (checkArgCount(S, TheCall, 2))
74     return true;
75 
76   // First argument should be an integer.
77   Expr *ValArg = TheCall->getArg(0);
78   QualType Ty = ValArg->getType();
79   if (!Ty->isIntegerType()) {
80     S.Diag(ValArg->getLocStart(), diag::err_builtin_annotation_first_arg)
81       << ValArg->getSourceRange();
82     return true;
83   }
84 
85   // Second argument should be a constant string.
86   Expr *StrArg = TheCall->getArg(1)->IgnoreParenCasts();
87   StringLiteral *Literal = dyn_cast<StringLiteral>(StrArg);
88   if (!Literal || !Literal->isAscii()) {
89     S.Diag(StrArg->getLocStart(), diag::err_builtin_annotation_second_arg)
90       << StrArg->getSourceRange();
91     return true;
92   }
93 
94   TheCall->setType(Ty);
95   return false;
96 }
97 
98 /// Check that the argument to __builtin_addressof is a glvalue, and set the
99 /// result type to the corresponding pointer type.
100 static bool SemaBuiltinAddressof(Sema &S, CallExpr *TheCall) {
101   if (checkArgCount(S, TheCall, 1))
102     return true;
103 
104   ExprResult Arg(S.Owned(TheCall->getArg(0)));
105   QualType ResultType = S.CheckAddressOfOperand(Arg, TheCall->getLocStart());
106   if (ResultType.isNull())
107     return true;
108 
109   TheCall->setArg(0, Arg.take());
110   TheCall->setType(ResultType);
111   return false;
112 }
113 
114 ExprResult
115 Sema::CheckBuiltinFunctionCall(unsigned BuiltinID, CallExpr *TheCall) {
116   ExprResult TheCallResult(Owned(TheCall));
117 
118   // Find out if any arguments are required to be integer constant expressions.
119   unsigned ICEArguments = 0;
120   ASTContext::GetBuiltinTypeError Error;
121   Context.GetBuiltinType(BuiltinID, Error, &ICEArguments);
122   if (Error != ASTContext::GE_None)
123     ICEArguments = 0;  // Don't diagnose previously diagnosed errors.
124 
125   // If any arguments are required to be ICE's, check and diagnose.
126   for (unsigned ArgNo = 0; ICEArguments != 0; ++ArgNo) {
127     // Skip arguments not required to be ICE's.
128     if ((ICEArguments & (1 << ArgNo)) == 0) continue;
129 
130     llvm::APSInt Result;
131     if (SemaBuiltinConstantArg(TheCall, ArgNo, Result))
132       return true;
133     ICEArguments &= ~(1 << ArgNo);
134   }
135 
136   switch (BuiltinID) {
137   case Builtin::BI__builtin___CFStringMakeConstantString:
138     assert(TheCall->getNumArgs() == 1 &&
139            "Wrong # arguments to builtin CFStringMakeConstantString");
140     if (CheckObjCString(TheCall->getArg(0)))
141       return ExprError();
142     break;
143   case Builtin::BI__builtin_stdarg_start:
144   case Builtin::BI__builtin_va_start:
145     if (SemaBuiltinVAStart(TheCall))
146       return ExprError();
147     break;
148   case Builtin::BI__builtin_isgreater:
149   case Builtin::BI__builtin_isgreaterequal:
150   case Builtin::BI__builtin_isless:
151   case Builtin::BI__builtin_islessequal:
152   case Builtin::BI__builtin_islessgreater:
153   case Builtin::BI__builtin_isunordered:
154     if (SemaBuiltinUnorderedCompare(TheCall))
155       return ExprError();
156     break;
157   case Builtin::BI__builtin_fpclassify:
158     if (SemaBuiltinFPClassification(TheCall, 6))
159       return ExprError();
160     break;
161   case Builtin::BI__builtin_isfinite:
162   case Builtin::BI__builtin_isinf:
163   case Builtin::BI__builtin_isinf_sign:
164   case Builtin::BI__builtin_isnan:
165   case Builtin::BI__builtin_isnormal:
166     if (SemaBuiltinFPClassification(TheCall, 1))
167       return ExprError();
168     break;
169   case Builtin::BI__builtin_shufflevector:
170     return SemaBuiltinShuffleVector(TheCall);
171     // TheCall will be freed by the smart pointer here, but that's fine, since
172     // SemaBuiltinShuffleVector guts it, but then doesn't release it.
173   case Builtin::BI__builtin_prefetch:
174     if (SemaBuiltinPrefetch(TheCall))
175       return ExprError();
176     break;
177   case Builtin::BI__builtin_object_size:
178     if (SemaBuiltinObjectSize(TheCall))
179       return ExprError();
180     break;
181   case Builtin::BI__builtin_longjmp:
182     if (SemaBuiltinLongjmp(TheCall))
183       return ExprError();
184     break;
185 
186   case Builtin::BI__builtin_classify_type:
187     if (checkArgCount(*this, TheCall, 1)) return true;
188     TheCall->setType(Context.IntTy);
189     break;
190   case Builtin::BI__builtin_constant_p:
191     if (checkArgCount(*this, TheCall, 1)) return true;
192     TheCall->setType(Context.IntTy);
193     break;
194   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add:
195   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add_1:
196   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add_2:
197   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add_4:
198   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add_8:
199   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add_16:
200   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub:
201   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub_1:
202   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub_2:
203   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub_4:
204   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub_8:
205   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub_16:
206   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or:
207   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or_1:
208   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or_2:
209   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or_4:
210   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or_8:
211   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or_16:
212   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and:
213   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and_1:
214   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and_2:
215   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and_4:
216   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and_8:
217   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and_16:
218   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor:
219   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor_1:
220   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor_2:
221   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor_4:
222   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor_8:
223   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor_16:
224   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch:
225   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch_1:
226   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch_2:
227   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch_4:
228   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch_8:
229   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch_16:
230   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch:
231   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch_1:
232   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch_2:
233   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch_4:
234   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch_8:
235   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch_16:
236   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch:
237   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch_1:
238   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch_2:
239   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch_4:
240   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch_8:
241   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch_16:
242   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch:
243   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch_1:
244   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch_2:
245   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch_4:
246   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch_8:
247   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch_16:
248   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch:
249   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch_1:
250   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch_2:
251   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch_4:
252   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch_8:
253   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch_16:
254   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap:
255   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap_1:
256   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap_2:
257   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap_4:
258   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap_8:
259   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap_16:
260   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap:
261   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap_1:
262   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap_2:
263   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap_4:
264   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap_8:
265   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap_16:
266   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set:
267   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set_1:
268   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set_2:
269   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set_4:
270   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set_8:
271   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set_16:
272   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release:
273   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release_1:
274   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release_2:
275   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release_4:
276   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release_8:
277   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release_16:
278   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap:
279   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap_1:
280   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap_2:
281   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap_4:
282   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap_8:
283   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap_16:
284     return SemaBuiltinAtomicOverloaded(TheCallResult);
285 #define BUILTIN(ID, TYPE, ATTRS)
286 #define ATOMIC_BUILTIN(ID, TYPE, ATTRS) \
287   case Builtin::BI##ID: \
288     return SemaAtomicOpsOverloaded(TheCallResult, AtomicExpr::AO##ID);
289 #include "clang/Basic/Builtins.def"
290   case Builtin::BI__builtin_annotation:
291     if (SemaBuiltinAnnotation(*this, TheCall))
292       return ExprError();
293     break;
294   case Builtin::BI__builtin_addressof:
295     if (SemaBuiltinAddressof(*this, TheCall))
296       return ExprError();
297     break;
298   }
299 
300   // Since the target specific builtins for each arch overlap, only check those
301   // of the arch we are compiling for.
302   if (BuiltinID >= Builtin::FirstTSBuiltin) {
303     switch (Context.getTargetInfo().getTriple().getArch()) {
304       case llvm::Triple::arm:
305       case llvm::Triple::thumb:
306         if (CheckARMBuiltinFunctionCall(BuiltinID, TheCall))
307           return ExprError();
308         break;
309       case llvm::Triple::aarch64:
310         if (CheckAArch64BuiltinFunctionCall(BuiltinID, TheCall))
311           return ExprError();
312         break;
313       case llvm::Triple::mips:
314       case llvm::Triple::mipsel:
315       case llvm::Triple::mips64:
316       case llvm::Triple::mips64el:
317         if (CheckMipsBuiltinFunctionCall(BuiltinID, TheCall))
318           return ExprError();
319         break;
320       default:
321         break;
322     }
323   }
324 
325   return TheCallResult;
326 }
327 
328 // Get the valid immediate range for the specified NEON type code.
329 static unsigned RFT(unsigned t, bool shift = false, bool ForceQuad = false) {
330   NeonTypeFlags Type(t);
331   int IsQuad = ForceQuad ? true : Type.isQuad();
332   switch (Type.getEltType()) {
333   case NeonTypeFlags::Int8:
334   case NeonTypeFlags::Poly8:
335     return shift ? 7 : (8 << IsQuad) - 1;
336   case NeonTypeFlags::Int16:
337   case NeonTypeFlags::Poly16:
338     return shift ? 15 : (4 << IsQuad) - 1;
339   case NeonTypeFlags::Int32:
340     return shift ? 31 : (2 << IsQuad) - 1;
341   case NeonTypeFlags::Int64:
342   case NeonTypeFlags::Poly64:
343     return shift ? 63 : (1 << IsQuad) - 1;
344   case NeonTypeFlags::Poly128:
345     return shift ? 127 : (1 << IsQuad) - 1;
346   case NeonTypeFlags::Float16:
347     assert(!shift && "cannot shift float types!");
348     return (4 << IsQuad) - 1;
349   case NeonTypeFlags::Float32:
350     assert(!shift && "cannot shift float types!");
351     return (2 << IsQuad) - 1;
352   case NeonTypeFlags::Float64:
353     assert(!shift && "cannot shift float types!");
354     return (1 << IsQuad) - 1;
355   }
356   llvm_unreachable("Invalid NeonTypeFlag!");
357 }
358 
359 /// getNeonEltType - Return the QualType corresponding to the elements of
360 /// the vector type specified by the NeonTypeFlags.  This is used to check
361 /// the pointer arguments for Neon load/store intrinsics.
362 static QualType getNeonEltType(NeonTypeFlags Flags, ASTContext &Context,
363                                bool IsAArch64) {
364   switch (Flags.getEltType()) {
365   case NeonTypeFlags::Int8:
366     return Flags.isUnsigned() ? Context.UnsignedCharTy : Context.SignedCharTy;
367   case NeonTypeFlags::Int16:
368     return Flags.isUnsigned() ? Context.UnsignedShortTy : Context.ShortTy;
369   case NeonTypeFlags::Int32:
370     return Flags.isUnsigned() ? Context.UnsignedIntTy : Context.IntTy;
371   case NeonTypeFlags::Int64:
372     return Flags.isUnsigned() ? Context.UnsignedLongLongTy : Context.LongLongTy;
373   case NeonTypeFlags::Poly8:
374     return IsAArch64 ? Context.UnsignedCharTy : Context.SignedCharTy;
375   case NeonTypeFlags::Poly16:
376     return IsAArch64 ? Context.UnsignedShortTy : Context.ShortTy;
377   case NeonTypeFlags::Poly64:
378     return Context.UnsignedLongLongTy;
379   case NeonTypeFlags::Poly128:
380     break;
381   case NeonTypeFlags::Float16:
382     return Context.HalfTy;
383   case NeonTypeFlags::Float32:
384     return Context.FloatTy;
385   case NeonTypeFlags::Float64:
386     return Context.DoubleTy;
387   }
388   llvm_unreachable("Invalid NeonTypeFlag!");
389 }
390 
391 bool Sema::CheckAArch64BuiltinFunctionCall(unsigned BuiltinID,
392                                            CallExpr *TheCall) {
393 
394   llvm::APSInt Result;
395 
396   uint64_t mask = 0;
397   unsigned TV = 0;
398   int PtrArgNum = -1;
399   bool HasConstPtr = false;
400   switch (BuiltinID) {
401 #define GET_NEON_AARCH64_OVERLOAD_CHECK
402 #include "clang/Basic/arm_neon.inc"
403 #undef GET_NEON_AARCH64_OVERLOAD_CHECK
404   }
405 
406   // For NEON intrinsics which are overloaded on vector element type, validate
407   // the immediate which specifies which variant to emit.
408   unsigned ImmArg = TheCall->getNumArgs() - 1;
409   if (mask) {
410     if (SemaBuiltinConstantArg(TheCall, ImmArg, Result))
411       return true;
412 
413     TV = Result.getLimitedValue(64);
414     if ((TV > 63) || (mask & (1ULL << TV)) == 0)
415       return Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(), diag::err_invalid_neon_type_code)
416              << TheCall->getArg(ImmArg)->getSourceRange();
417   }
418 
419   if (PtrArgNum >= 0) {
420     // Check that pointer arguments have the specified type.
421     Expr *Arg = TheCall->getArg(PtrArgNum);
422     if (ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(Arg))
423       Arg = ICE->getSubExpr();
424     ExprResult RHS = DefaultFunctionArrayLvalueConversion(Arg);
425     QualType RHSTy = RHS.get()->getType();
426     QualType EltTy = getNeonEltType(NeonTypeFlags(TV), Context, true);
427     if (HasConstPtr)
428       EltTy = EltTy.withConst();
429     QualType LHSTy = Context.getPointerType(EltTy);
430     AssignConvertType ConvTy;
431     ConvTy = CheckSingleAssignmentConstraints(LHSTy, RHS);
432     if (RHS.isInvalid())
433       return true;
434     if (DiagnoseAssignmentResult(ConvTy, Arg->getLocStart(), LHSTy, RHSTy,
435                                  RHS.get(), AA_Assigning))
436       return true;
437   }
438 
439   // For NEON intrinsics which take an immediate value as part of the
440   // instruction, range check them here.
441   unsigned i = 0, l = 0, u = 0;
442   switch (BuiltinID) {
443   default:
444     return false;
445 #define GET_NEON_AARCH64_IMMEDIATE_CHECK
446 #include "clang/Basic/arm_neon.inc"
447 #undef GET_NEON_AARCH64_IMMEDIATE_CHECK
448   }
449   ;
450 
451   // We can't check the value of a dependent argument.
452   if (TheCall->getArg(i)->isTypeDependent() ||
453       TheCall->getArg(i)->isValueDependent())
454     return false;
455 
456   // Check that the immediate argument is actually a constant.
457   if (SemaBuiltinConstantArg(TheCall, i, Result))
458     return true;
459 
460   // Range check against the upper/lower values for this isntruction.
461   unsigned Val = Result.getZExtValue();
462   if (Val < l || Val > (u + l))
463     return Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(), diag::err_argument_invalid_range)
464            << l << u + l << TheCall->getArg(i)->getSourceRange();
465 
466   return false;
467 }
468 
469 bool Sema::CheckARMBuiltinExclusiveCall(unsigned BuiltinID, CallExpr *TheCall) {
470   assert((BuiltinID == ARM::BI__builtin_arm_ldrex ||
471           BuiltinID == ARM::BI__builtin_arm_strex) &&
472          "unexpected ARM builtin");
473   bool IsLdrex = BuiltinID == ARM::BI__builtin_arm_ldrex;
474 
475   DeclRefExpr *DRE =cast<DeclRefExpr>(TheCall->getCallee()->IgnoreParenCasts());
476 
477   // Ensure that we have the proper number of arguments.
478   if (checkArgCount(*this, TheCall, IsLdrex ? 1 : 2))
479     return true;
480 
481   // Inspect the pointer argument of the atomic builtin.  This should always be
482   // a pointer type, whose element is an integral scalar or pointer type.
483   // Because it is a pointer type, we don't have to worry about any implicit
484   // casts here.
485   Expr *PointerArg = TheCall->getArg(IsLdrex ? 0 : 1);
486   ExprResult PointerArgRes = DefaultFunctionArrayLvalueConversion(PointerArg);
487   if (PointerArgRes.isInvalid())
488     return true;
489   PointerArg = PointerArgRes.take();
490 
491   const PointerType *pointerType = PointerArg->getType()->getAs<PointerType>();
492   if (!pointerType) {
493     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_builtin_must_be_pointer)
494       << PointerArg->getType() << PointerArg->getSourceRange();
495     return true;
496   }
497 
498   // ldrex takes a "const volatile T*" and strex takes a "volatile T*". Our next
499   // task is to insert the appropriate casts into the AST. First work out just
500   // what the appropriate type is.
501   QualType ValType = pointerType->getPointeeType();
502   QualType AddrType = ValType.getUnqualifiedType().withVolatile();
503   if (IsLdrex)
504     AddrType.addConst();
505 
506   // Issue a warning if the cast is dodgy.
507   CastKind CastNeeded = CK_NoOp;
508   if (!AddrType.isAtLeastAsQualifiedAs(ValType)) {
509     CastNeeded = CK_BitCast;
510     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::ext_typecheck_convert_discards_qualifiers)
511       << PointerArg->getType()
512       << Context.getPointerType(AddrType)
513       << AA_Passing << PointerArg->getSourceRange();
514   }
515 
516   // Finally, do the cast and replace the argument with the corrected version.
517   AddrType = Context.getPointerType(AddrType);
518   PointerArgRes = ImpCastExprToType(PointerArg, AddrType, CastNeeded);
519   if (PointerArgRes.isInvalid())
520     return true;
521   PointerArg = PointerArgRes.take();
522 
523   TheCall->setArg(IsLdrex ? 0 : 1, PointerArg);
524 
525   // In general, we allow ints, floats and pointers to be loaded and stored.
526   if (!ValType->isIntegerType() && !ValType->isAnyPointerType() &&
527       !ValType->isBlockPointerType() && !ValType->isFloatingType()) {
528     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_builtin_must_be_pointer_intfltptr)
529       << PointerArg->getType() << PointerArg->getSourceRange();
530     return true;
531   }
532 
533   // But ARM doesn't have instructions to deal with 128-bit versions.
534   if (Context.getTypeSize(ValType) > 64) {
535     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_exclusive_builtin_pointer_size)
536       << PointerArg->getType() << PointerArg->getSourceRange();
537     return true;
538   }
539 
540   switch (ValType.getObjCLifetime()) {
541   case Qualifiers::OCL_None:
542   case Qualifiers::OCL_ExplicitNone:
543     // okay
544     break;
545 
546   case Qualifiers::OCL_Weak:
547   case Qualifiers::OCL_Strong:
548   case Qualifiers::OCL_Autoreleasing:
549     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_arc_atomic_ownership)
550       << ValType << PointerArg->getSourceRange();
551     return true;
552   }
553 
554 
555   if (IsLdrex) {
556     TheCall->setType(ValType);
557     return false;
558   }
559 
560   // Initialize the argument to be stored.
561   ExprResult ValArg = TheCall->getArg(0);
562   InitializedEntity Entity = InitializedEntity::InitializeParameter(
563       Context, ValType, /*consume*/ false);
564   ValArg = PerformCopyInitialization(Entity, SourceLocation(), ValArg);
565   if (ValArg.isInvalid())
566     return true;
567   TheCall->setArg(0, ValArg.get());
568 
569   // __builtin_arm_strex always returns an int. It's marked as such in the .def,
570   // but the custom checker bypasses all default analysis.
571   TheCall->setType(Context.IntTy);
572   return false;
573 }
574 
575 bool Sema::CheckARMBuiltinFunctionCall(unsigned BuiltinID, CallExpr *TheCall) {
576   llvm::APSInt Result;
577 
578   if (BuiltinID == ARM::BI__builtin_arm_ldrex ||
579       BuiltinID == ARM::BI__builtin_arm_strex) {
580     return CheckARMBuiltinExclusiveCall(BuiltinID, TheCall);
581   }
582 
583   uint64_t mask = 0;
584   unsigned TV = 0;
585   int PtrArgNum = -1;
586   bool HasConstPtr = false;
587   switch (BuiltinID) {
588 #define GET_NEON_OVERLOAD_CHECK
589 #include "clang/Basic/arm_neon.inc"
590 #undef GET_NEON_OVERLOAD_CHECK
591   }
592 
593   // For NEON intrinsics which are overloaded on vector element type, validate
594   // the immediate which specifies which variant to emit.
595   unsigned ImmArg = TheCall->getNumArgs()-1;
596   if (mask) {
597     if (SemaBuiltinConstantArg(TheCall, ImmArg, Result))
598       return true;
599 
600     TV = Result.getLimitedValue(64);
601     if ((TV > 63) || (mask & (1ULL << TV)) == 0)
602       return Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(), diag::err_invalid_neon_type_code)
603         << TheCall->getArg(ImmArg)->getSourceRange();
604   }
605 
606   if (PtrArgNum >= 0) {
607     // Check that pointer arguments have the specified type.
608     Expr *Arg = TheCall->getArg(PtrArgNum);
609     if (ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(Arg))
610       Arg = ICE->getSubExpr();
611     ExprResult RHS = DefaultFunctionArrayLvalueConversion(Arg);
612     QualType RHSTy = RHS.get()->getType();
613     QualType EltTy = getNeonEltType(NeonTypeFlags(TV), Context, false);
614     if (HasConstPtr)
615       EltTy = EltTy.withConst();
616     QualType LHSTy = Context.getPointerType(EltTy);
617     AssignConvertType ConvTy;
618     ConvTy = CheckSingleAssignmentConstraints(LHSTy, RHS);
619     if (RHS.isInvalid())
620       return true;
621     if (DiagnoseAssignmentResult(ConvTy, Arg->getLocStart(), LHSTy, RHSTy,
622                                  RHS.get(), AA_Assigning))
623       return true;
624   }
625 
626   // For NEON intrinsics which take an immediate value as part of the
627   // instruction, range check them here.
628   unsigned i = 0, l = 0, u = 0;
629   switch (BuiltinID) {
630   default: return false;
631   case ARM::BI__builtin_arm_ssat: i = 1; l = 1; u = 31; break;
632   case ARM::BI__builtin_arm_usat: i = 1; u = 31; break;
633   case ARM::BI__builtin_arm_vcvtr_f:
634   case ARM::BI__builtin_arm_vcvtr_d: i = 1; u = 1; break;
635   case ARM::BI__builtin_arm_dmb:
636   case ARM::BI__builtin_arm_dsb: l = 0; u = 15; break;
637 #define GET_NEON_IMMEDIATE_CHECK
638 #include "clang/Basic/arm_neon.inc"
639 #undef GET_NEON_IMMEDIATE_CHECK
640   };
641 
642   // We can't check the value of a dependent argument.
643   if (TheCall->getArg(i)->isTypeDependent() ||
644       TheCall->getArg(i)->isValueDependent())
645     return false;
646 
647   // Check that the immediate argument is actually a constant.
648   if (SemaBuiltinConstantArg(TheCall, i, Result))
649     return true;
650 
651   // Range check against the upper/lower values for this isntruction.
652   unsigned Val = Result.getZExtValue();
653   if (Val < l || Val > (u + l))
654     return Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(), diag::err_argument_invalid_range)
655       << l << u+l << TheCall->getArg(i)->getSourceRange();
656 
657   // FIXME: VFP Intrinsics should error if VFP not present.
658   return false;
659 }
660 
661 bool Sema::CheckMipsBuiltinFunctionCall(unsigned BuiltinID, CallExpr *TheCall) {
662   unsigned i = 0, l = 0, u = 0;
663   switch (BuiltinID) {
664   default: return false;
665   case Mips::BI__builtin_mips_wrdsp: i = 1; l = 0; u = 63; break;
666   case Mips::BI__builtin_mips_rddsp: i = 0; l = 0; u = 63; break;
667   case Mips::BI__builtin_mips_append: i = 2; l = 0; u = 31; break;
668   case Mips::BI__builtin_mips_balign: i = 2; l = 0; u = 3; break;
669   case Mips::BI__builtin_mips_precr_sra_ph_w: i = 2; l = 0; u = 31; break;
670   case Mips::BI__builtin_mips_precr_sra_r_ph_w: i = 2; l = 0; u = 31; break;
671   case Mips::BI__builtin_mips_prepend: i = 2; l = 0; u = 31; break;
672   };
673 
674   // We can't check the value of a dependent argument.
675   if (TheCall->getArg(i)->isTypeDependent() ||
676       TheCall->getArg(i)->isValueDependent())
677     return false;
678 
679   // Check that the immediate argument is actually a constant.
680   llvm::APSInt Result;
681   if (SemaBuiltinConstantArg(TheCall, i, Result))
682     return true;
683 
684   // Range check against the upper/lower values for this instruction.
685   unsigned Val = Result.getZExtValue();
686   if (Val < l || Val > u)
687     return Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(), diag::err_argument_invalid_range)
688       << l << u << TheCall->getArg(i)->getSourceRange();
689 
690   return false;
691 }
692 
693 /// Given a FunctionDecl's FormatAttr, attempts to populate the FomatStringInfo
694 /// parameter with the FormatAttr's correct format_idx and firstDataArg.
695 /// Returns true when the format fits the function and the FormatStringInfo has
696 /// been populated.
697 bool Sema::getFormatStringInfo(const FormatAttr *Format, bool IsCXXMember,
698                                FormatStringInfo *FSI) {
699   FSI->HasVAListArg = Format->getFirstArg() == 0;
700   FSI->FormatIdx = Format->getFormatIdx() - 1;
701   FSI->FirstDataArg = FSI->HasVAListArg ? 0 : Format->getFirstArg() - 1;
702 
703   // The way the format attribute works in GCC, the implicit this argument
704   // of member functions is counted. However, it doesn't appear in our own
705   // lists, so decrement format_idx in that case.
706   if (IsCXXMember) {
707     if(FSI->FormatIdx == 0)
708       return false;
709     --FSI->FormatIdx;
710     if (FSI->FirstDataArg != 0)
711       --FSI->FirstDataArg;
712   }
713   return true;
714 }
715 
716 /// Checks if a the given expression evaluates to null.
717 ///
718 /// \brief Returns true if the value evaluates to null.
719 static bool CheckNonNullExpr(Sema &S,
720                              const Expr *Expr) {
721   // As a special case, transparent unions initialized with zero are
722   // considered null for the purposes of the nonnull attribute.
723   if (const RecordType *UT = Expr->getType()->getAsUnionType()) {
724     if (UT->getDecl()->hasAttr<TransparentUnionAttr>())
725       if (const CompoundLiteralExpr *CLE =
726           dyn_cast<CompoundLiteralExpr>(Expr))
727         if (const InitListExpr *ILE =
728             dyn_cast<InitListExpr>(CLE->getInitializer()))
729           Expr = ILE->getInit(0);
730   }
731 
732   bool Result;
733   return (!Expr->isValueDependent() &&
734           Expr->EvaluateAsBooleanCondition(Result, S.Context) &&
735           !Result);
736 }
737 
738 static void CheckNonNullArgument(Sema &S,
739                                  const Expr *ArgExpr,
740                                  SourceLocation CallSiteLoc) {
741   if (CheckNonNullExpr(S, ArgExpr))
742     S.Diag(CallSiteLoc, diag::warn_null_arg) << ArgExpr->getSourceRange();
743 }
744 
745 static void CheckNonNullArguments(Sema &S,
746                                   const NamedDecl *FDecl,
747                                   const Expr * const *ExprArgs,
748                                   SourceLocation CallSiteLoc) {
749   // Check the attributes attached to the method/function itself.
750   for (specific_attr_iterator<NonNullAttr>
751        I = FDecl->specific_attr_begin<NonNullAttr>(),
752        E = FDecl->specific_attr_end<NonNullAttr>(); I != E; ++I) {
753 
754     const NonNullAttr *NonNull = *I;
755     for (NonNullAttr::args_iterator i = NonNull->args_begin(),
756          e = NonNull->args_end();
757          i != e; ++i) {
758       CheckNonNullArgument(S, ExprArgs[*i], CallSiteLoc);
759     }
760   }
761 
762   // Check the attributes on the parameters.
763   ArrayRef<ParmVarDecl*> parms;
764   if (const FunctionDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(FDecl))
765     parms = FD->parameters();
766   else if (const ObjCMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast<ObjCMethodDecl>(FDecl))
767     parms = MD->parameters();
768 
769   unsigned argIndex = 0;
770   for (ArrayRef<ParmVarDecl*>::iterator I = parms.begin(), E = parms.end();
771        I != E; ++I, ++argIndex) {
772     const ParmVarDecl *PVD = *I;
773     if (PVD->hasAttr<NonNullAttr>())
774       CheckNonNullArgument(S, ExprArgs[argIndex], CallSiteLoc);
775   }
776 }
777 
778 /// Handles the checks for format strings, non-POD arguments to vararg
779 /// functions, and NULL arguments passed to non-NULL parameters.
780 void Sema::checkCall(NamedDecl *FDecl, ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args,
781                      unsigned NumParams, bool IsMemberFunction,
782                      SourceLocation Loc, SourceRange Range,
783                      VariadicCallType CallType) {
784   // FIXME: We should check as much as we can in the template definition.
785   if (CurContext->isDependentContext())
786     return;
787 
788   // Printf and scanf checking.
789   llvm::SmallBitVector CheckedVarArgs;
790   if (FDecl) {
791     for (specific_attr_iterator<FormatAttr>
792              I = FDecl->specific_attr_begin<FormatAttr>(),
793              E = FDecl->specific_attr_end<FormatAttr>();
794          I != E; ++I) {
795       // Only create vector if there are format attributes.
796       CheckedVarArgs.resize(Args.size());
797 
798       CheckFormatArguments(*I, Args, IsMemberFunction, CallType, Loc, Range,
799                            CheckedVarArgs);
800     }
801   }
802 
803   // Refuse POD arguments that weren't caught by the format string
804   // checks above.
805   if (CallType != VariadicDoesNotApply) {
806     for (unsigned ArgIdx = NumParams; ArgIdx < Args.size(); ++ArgIdx) {
807       // Args[ArgIdx] can be null in malformed code.
808       if (const Expr *Arg = Args[ArgIdx]) {
809         if (CheckedVarArgs.empty() || !CheckedVarArgs[ArgIdx])
810           checkVariadicArgument(Arg, CallType);
811       }
812     }
813   }
814 
815   if (FDecl) {
816     CheckNonNullArguments(*this, FDecl, Args.data(), Loc);
817 
818     // Type safety checking.
819     for (specific_attr_iterator<ArgumentWithTypeTagAttr>
820            i = FDecl->specific_attr_begin<ArgumentWithTypeTagAttr>(),
821            e = FDecl->specific_attr_end<ArgumentWithTypeTagAttr>();
822          i != e; ++i) {
823       CheckArgumentWithTypeTag(*i, Args.data());
824     }
825   }
826 }
827 
828 /// CheckConstructorCall - Check a constructor call for correctness and safety
829 /// properties not enforced by the C type system.
830 void Sema::CheckConstructorCall(FunctionDecl *FDecl,
831                                 ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args,
832                                 const FunctionProtoType *Proto,
833                                 SourceLocation Loc) {
834   VariadicCallType CallType =
835     Proto->isVariadic() ? VariadicConstructor : VariadicDoesNotApply;
836   checkCall(FDecl, Args, Proto->getNumParams(),
837             /*IsMemberFunction=*/true, Loc, SourceRange(), CallType);
838 }
839 
840 /// CheckFunctionCall - Check a direct function call for various correctness
841 /// and safety properties not strictly enforced by the C type system.
842 bool Sema::CheckFunctionCall(FunctionDecl *FDecl, CallExpr *TheCall,
843                              const FunctionProtoType *Proto) {
844   bool IsMemberOperatorCall = isa<CXXOperatorCallExpr>(TheCall) &&
845                               isa<CXXMethodDecl>(FDecl);
846   bool IsMemberFunction = isa<CXXMemberCallExpr>(TheCall) ||
847                           IsMemberOperatorCall;
848   VariadicCallType CallType = getVariadicCallType(FDecl, Proto,
849                                                   TheCall->getCallee());
850   unsigned NumParams = Proto ? Proto->getNumParams() : 0;
851   Expr** Args = TheCall->getArgs();
852   unsigned NumArgs = TheCall->getNumArgs();
853   if (IsMemberOperatorCall) {
854     // If this is a call to a member operator, hide the first argument
855     // from checkCall.
856     // FIXME: Our choice of AST representation here is less than ideal.
857     ++Args;
858     --NumArgs;
859   }
860   checkCall(FDecl, llvm::makeArrayRef<const Expr *>(Args, NumArgs), NumParams,
861             IsMemberFunction, TheCall->getRParenLoc(),
862             TheCall->getCallee()->getSourceRange(), CallType);
863 
864   IdentifierInfo *FnInfo = FDecl->getIdentifier();
865   // None of the checks below are needed for functions that don't have
866   // simple names (e.g., C++ conversion functions).
867   if (!FnInfo)
868     return false;
869 
870   unsigned CMId = FDecl->getMemoryFunctionKind();
871   if (CMId == 0)
872     return false;
873 
874   // Handle memory setting and copying functions.
875   if (CMId == Builtin::BIstrlcpy || CMId == Builtin::BIstrlcat)
876     CheckStrlcpycatArguments(TheCall, FnInfo);
877   else if (CMId == Builtin::BIstrncat)
878     CheckStrncatArguments(TheCall, FnInfo);
879   else
880     CheckMemaccessArguments(TheCall, CMId, FnInfo);
881 
882   return false;
883 }
884 
885 bool Sema::CheckObjCMethodCall(ObjCMethodDecl *Method, SourceLocation lbrac,
886                                ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args) {
887   VariadicCallType CallType =
888       Method->isVariadic() ? VariadicMethod : VariadicDoesNotApply;
889 
890   checkCall(Method, Args, Method->param_size(),
891             /*IsMemberFunction=*/false,
892             lbrac, Method->getSourceRange(), CallType);
893 
894   return false;
895 }
896 
897 bool Sema::CheckPointerCall(NamedDecl *NDecl, CallExpr *TheCall,
898                             const FunctionProtoType *Proto) {
899   const VarDecl *V = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(NDecl);
900   if (!V)
901     return false;
902 
903   QualType Ty = V->getType();
904   if (!Ty->isBlockPointerType() && !Ty->isFunctionPointerType())
905     return false;
906 
907   VariadicCallType CallType;
908   if (!Proto || !Proto->isVariadic()) {
909     CallType = VariadicDoesNotApply;
910   } else if (Ty->isBlockPointerType()) {
911     CallType = VariadicBlock;
912   } else { // Ty->isFunctionPointerType()
913     CallType = VariadicFunction;
914   }
915   unsigned NumParams = Proto ? Proto->getNumParams() : 0;
916 
917   checkCall(NDecl, llvm::makeArrayRef<const Expr *>(TheCall->getArgs(),
918                                                     TheCall->getNumArgs()),
919             NumParams, /*IsMemberFunction=*/false, TheCall->getRParenLoc(),
920             TheCall->getCallee()->getSourceRange(), CallType);
921 
922   return false;
923 }
924 
925 /// Checks function calls when a FunctionDecl or a NamedDecl is not available,
926 /// such as function pointers returned from functions.
927 bool Sema::CheckOtherCall(CallExpr *TheCall, const FunctionProtoType *Proto) {
928   VariadicCallType CallType = getVariadicCallType(/*FDecl=*/0, Proto,
929                                                   TheCall->getCallee());
930   unsigned NumParams = Proto ? Proto->getNumParams() : 0;
931 
932   checkCall(/*FDecl=*/0, llvm::makeArrayRef<const Expr *>(
933                              TheCall->getArgs(), TheCall->getNumArgs()),
934             NumParams, /*IsMemberFunction=*/false, TheCall->getRParenLoc(),
935             TheCall->getCallee()->getSourceRange(), CallType);
936 
937   return false;
938 }
939 
940 ExprResult Sema::SemaAtomicOpsOverloaded(ExprResult TheCallResult,
941                                          AtomicExpr::AtomicOp Op) {
942   CallExpr *TheCall = cast<CallExpr>(TheCallResult.get());
943   DeclRefExpr *DRE =cast<DeclRefExpr>(TheCall->getCallee()->IgnoreParenCasts());
944 
945   // All these operations take one of the following forms:
946   enum {
947     // C    __c11_atomic_init(A *, C)
948     Init,
949     // C    __c11_atomic_load(A *, int)
950     Load,
951     // void __atomic_load(A *, CP, int)
952     Copy,
953     // C    __c11_atomic_add(A *, M, int)
954     Arithmetic,
955     // C    __atomic_exchange_n(A *, CP, int)
956     Xchg,
957     // void __atomic_exchange(A *, C *, CP, int)
958     GNUXchg,
959     // bool __c11_atomic_compare_exchange_strong(A *, C *, CP, int, int)
960     C11CmpXchg,
961     // bool __atomic_compare_exchange(A *, C *, CP, bool, int, int)
962     GNUCmpXchg
963   } Form = Init;
964   const unsigned NumArgs[] = { 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6 };
965   const unsigned NumVals[] = { 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3 };
966   // where:
967   //   C is an appropriate type,
968   //   A is volatile _Atomic(C) for __c11 builtins and is C for GNU builtins,
969   //   CP is C for __c11 builtins and GNU _n builtins and is C * otherwise,
970   //   M is C if C is an integer, and ptrdiff_t if C is a pointer, and
971   //   the int parameters are for orderings.
972 
973   assert(AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_init == 0 &&
974          AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_fetch_xor + 1 == AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_load
975          && "need to update code for modified C11 atomics");
976   bool IsC11 = Op >= AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_init &&
977                Op <= AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_fetch_xor;
978   bool IsN = Op == AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_load_n ||
979              Op == AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_store_n ||
980              Op == AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_exchange_n ||
981              Op == AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_compare_exchange_n;
982   bool IsAddSub = false;
983 
984   switch (Op) {
985   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_init:
986     Form = Init;
987     break;
988 
989   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_load:
990   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_load_n:
991     Form = Load;
992     break;
993 
994   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_store:
995   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_load:
996   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_store:
997   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_store_n:
998     Form = Copy;
999     break;
1000 
1001   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_fetch_add:
1002   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_fetch_sub:
1003   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_fetch_add:
1004   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_fetch_sub:
1005   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_add_fetch:
1006   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_sub_fetch:
1007     IsAddSub = true;
1008     // Fall through.
1009   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_fetch_and:
1010   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_fetch_or:
1011   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_fetch_xor:
1012   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_fetch_and:
1013   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_fetch_or:
1014   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_fetch_xor:
1015   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_fetch_nand:
1016   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_and_fetch:
1017   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_or_fetch:
1018   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_xor_fetch:
1019   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_nand_fetch:
1020     Form = Arithmetic;
1021     break;
1022 
1023   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_exchange:
1024   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_exchange_n:
1025     Form = Xchg;
1026     break;
1027 
1028   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_exchange:
1029     Form = GNUXchg;
1030     break;
1031 
1032   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_compare_exchange_strong:
1033   case AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_compare_exchange_weak:
1034     Form = C11CmpXchg;
1035     break;
1036 
1037   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_compare_exchange:
1038   case AtomicExpr::AO__atomic_compare_exchange_n:
1039     Form = GNUCmpXchg;
1040     break;
1041   }
1042 
1043   // Check we have the right number of arguments.
1044   if (TheCall->getNumArgs() < NumArgs[Form]) {
1045     Diag(TheCall->getLocEnd(), diag::err_typecheck_call_too_few_args)
1046       << 0 << NumArgs[Form] << TheCall->getNumArgs()
1047       << TheCall->getCallee()->getSourceRange();
1048     return ExprError();
1049   } else if (TheCall->getNumArgs() > NumArgs[Form]) {
1050     Diag(TheCall->getArg(NumArgs[Form])->getLocStart(),
1051          diag::err_typecheck_call_too_many_args)
1052       << 0 << NumArgs[Form] << TheCall->getNumArgs()
1053       << TheCall->getCallee()->getSourceRange();
1054     return ExprError();
1055   }
1056 
1057   // Inspect the first argument of the atomic operation.
1058   Expr *Ptr = TheCall->getArg(0);
1059   Ptr = DefaultFunctionArrayLvalueConversion(Ptr).get();
1060   const PointerType *pointerType = Ptr->getType()->getAs<PointerType>();
1061   if (!pointerType) {
1062     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_builtin_must_be_pointer)
1063       << Ptr->getType() << Ptr->getSourceRange();
1064     return ExprError();
1065   }
1066 
1067   // For a __c11 builtin, this should be a pointer to an _Atomic type.
1068   QualType AtomTy = pointerType->getPointeeType(); // 'A'
1069   QualType ValType = AtomTy; // 'C'
1070   if (IsC11) {
1071     if (!AtomTy->isAtomicType()) {
1072       Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_op_needs_atomic)
1073         << Ptr->getType() << Ptr->getSourceRange();
1074       return ExprError();
1075     }
1076     if (AtomTy.isConstQualified()) {
1077       Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_op_needs_non_const_atomic)
1078         << Ptr->getType() << Ptr->getSourceRange();
1079       return ExprError();
1080     }
1081     ValType = AtomTy->getAs<AtomicType>()->getValueType();
1082   }
1083 
1084   // For an arithmetic operation, the implied arithmetic must be well-formed.
1085   if (Form == Arithmetic) {
1086     // gcc does not enforce these rules for GNU atomics, but we do so for sanity.
1087     if (IsAddSub && !ValType->isIntegerType() && !ValType->isPointerType()) {
1088       Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_op_needs_atomic_int_or_ptr)
1089         << IsC11 << Ptr->getType() << Ptr->getSourceRange();
1090       return ExprError();
1091     }
1092     if (!IsAddSub && !ValType->isIntegerType()) {
1093       Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_op_bitwise_needs_atomic_int)
1094         << IsC11 << Ptr->getType() << Ptr->getSourceRange();
1095       return ExprError();
1096     }
1097   } else if (IsN && !ValType->isIntegerType() && !ValType->isPointerType()) {
1098     // For __atomic_*_n operations, the value type must be a scalar integral or
1099     // pointer type which is 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 bytes in length.
1100     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_op_needs_atomic_int_or_ptr)
1101       << IsC11 << Ptr->getType() << Ptr->getSourceRange();
1102     return ExprError();
1103   }
1104 
1105   if (!IsC11 && !AtomTy.isTriviallyCopyableType(Context) &&
1106       !AtomTy->isScalarType()) {
1107     // For GNU atomics, require a trivially-copyable type. This is not part of
1108     // the GNU atomics specification, but we enforce it for sanity.
1109     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_op_needs_trivial_copy)
1110       << Ptr->getType() << Ptr->getSourceRange();
1111     return ExprError();
1112   }
1113 
1114   // FIXME: For any builtin other than a load, the ValType must not be
1115   // const-qualified.
1116 
1117   switch (ValType.getObjCLifetime()) {
1118   case Qualifiers::OCL_None:
1119   case Qualifiers::OCL_ExplicitNone:
1120     // okay
1121     break;
1122 
1123   case Qualifiers::OCL_Weak:
1124   case Qualifiers::OCL_Strong:
1125   case Qualifiers::OCL_Autoreleasing:
1126     // FIXME: Can this happen? By this point, ValType should be known
1127     // to be trivially copyable.
1128     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_arc_atomic_ownership)
1129       << ValType << Ptr->getSourceRange();
1130     return ExprError();
1131   }
1132 
1133   QualType ResultType = ValType;
1134   if (Form == Copy || Form == GNUXchg || Form == Init)
1135     ResultType = Context.VoidTy;
1136   else if (Form == C11CmpXchg || Form == GNUCmpXchg)
1137     ResultType = Context.BoolTy;
1138 
1139   // The type of a parameter passed 'by value'. In the GNU atomics, such
1140   // arguments are actually passed as pointers.
1141   QualType ByValType = ValType; // 'CP'
1142   if (!IsC11 && !IsN)
1143     ByValType = Ptr->getType();
1144 
1145   // The first argument --- the pointer --- has a fixed type; we
1146   // deduce the types of the rest of the arguments accordingly.  Walk
1147   // the remaining arguments, converting them to the deduced value type.
1148   for (unsigned i = 1; i != NumArgs[Form]; ++i) {
1149     QualType Ty;
1150     if (i < NumVals[Form] + 1) {
1151       switch (i) {
1152       case 1:
1153         // The second argument is the non-atomic operand. For arithmetic, this
1154         // is always passed by value, and for a compare_exchange it is always
1155         // passed by address. For the rest, GNU uses by-address and C11 uses
1156         // by-value.
1157         assert(Form != Load);
1158         if (Form == Init || (Form == Arithmetic && ValType->isIntegerType()))
1159           Ty = ValType;
1160         else if (Form == Copy || Form == Xchg)
1161           Ty = ByValType;
1162         else if (Form == Arithmetic)
1163           Ty = Context.getPointerDiffType();
1164         else
1165           Ty = Context.getPointerType(ValType.getUnqualifiedType());
1166         break;
1167       case 2:
1168         // The third argument to compare_exchange / GNU exchange is a
1169         // (pointer to a) desired value.
1170         Ty = ByValType;
1171         break;
1172       case 3:
1173         // The fourth argument to GNU compare_exchange is a 'weak' flag.
1174         Ty = Context.BoolTy;
1175         break;
1176       }
1177     } else {
1178       // The order(s) are always converted to int.
1179       Ty = Context.IntTy;
1180     }
1181 
1182     InitializedEntity Entity =
1183         InitializedEntity::InitializeParameter(Context, Ty, false);
1184     ExprResult Arg = TheCall->getArg(i);
1185     Arg = PerformCopyInitialization(Entity, SourceLocation(), Arg);
1186     if (Arg.isInvalid())
1187       return true;
1188     TheCall->setArg(i, Arg.get());
1189   }
1190 
1191   // Permute the arguments into a 'consistent' order.
1192   SmallVector<Expr*, 5> SubExprs;
1193   SubExprs.push_back(Ptr);
1194   switch (Form) {
1195   case Init:
1196     // Note, AtomicExpr::getVal1() has a special case for this atomic.
1197     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(1)); // Val1
1198     break;
1199   case Load:
1200     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(1)); // Order
1201     break;
1202   case Copy:
1203   case Arithmetic:
1204   case Xchg:
1205     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(2)); // Order
1206     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(1)); // Val1
1207     break;
1208   case GNUXchg:
1209     // Note, AtomicExpr::getVal2() has a special case for this atomic.
1210     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(3)); // Order
1211     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(1)); // Val1
1212     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(2)); // Val2
1213     break;
1214   case C11CmpXchg:
1215     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(3)); // Order
1216     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(1)); // Val1
1217     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(4)); // OrderFail
1218     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(2)); // Val2
1219     break;
1220   case GNUCmpXchg:
1221     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(4)); // Order
1222     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(1)); // Val1
1223     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(5)); // OrderFail
1224     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(2)); // Val2
1225     SubExprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(3)); // Weak
1226     break;
1227   }
1228 
1229   AtomicExpr *AE = new (Context) AtomicExpr(TheCall->getCallee()->getLocStart(),
1230                                             SubExprs, ResultType, Op,
1231                                             TheCall->getRParenLoc());
1232 
1233   if ((Op == AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_load ||
1234        (Op == AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_store)) &&
1235       Context.AtomicUsesUnsupportedLibcall(AE))
1236     Diag(AE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_load_store_uses_lib) <<
1237     ((Op == AtomicExpr::AO__c11_atomic_load) ? 0 : 1);
1238 
1239   return Owned(AE);
1240 }
1241 
1242 
1243 /// checkBuiltinArgument - Given a call to a builtin function, perform
1244 /// normal type-checking on the given argument, updating the call in
1245 /// place.  This is useful when a builtin function requires custom
1246 /// type-checking for some of its arguments but not necessarily all of
1247 /// them.
1248 ///
1249 /// Returns true on error.
1250 static bool checkBuiltinArgument(Sema &S, CallExpr *E, unsigned ArgIndex) {
1251   FunctionDecl *Fn = E->getDirectCallee();
1252   assert(Fn && "builtin call without direct callee!");
1253 
1254   ParmVarDecl *Param = Fn->getParamDecl(ArgIndex);
1255   InitializedEntity Entity =
1256     InitializedEntity::InitializeParameter(S.Context, Param);
1257 
1258   ExprResult Arg = E->getArg(0);
1259   Arg = S.PerformCopyInitialization(Entity, SourceLocation(), Arg);
1260   if (Arg.isInvalid())
1261     return true;
1262 
1263   E->setArg(ArgIndex, Arg.take());
1264   return false;
1265 }
1266 
1267 /// SemaBuiltinAtomicOverloaded - We have a call to a function like
1268 /// __sync_fetch_and_add, which is an overloaded function based on the pointer
1269 /// type of its first argument.  The main ActOnCallExpr routines have already
1270 /// promoted the types of arguments because all of these calls are prototyped as
1271 /// void(...).
1272 ///
1273 /// This function goes through and does final semantic checking for these
1274 /// builtins,
1275 ExprResult
1276 Sema::SemaBuiltinAtomicOverloaded(ExprResult TheCallResult) {
1277   CallExpr *TheCall = (CallExpr *)TheCallResult.get();
1278   DeclRefExpr *DRE =cast<DeclRefExpr>(TheCall->getCallee()->IgnoreParenCasts());
1279   FunctionDecl *FDecl = cast<FunctionDecl>(DRE->getDecl());
1280 
1281   // Ensure that we have at least one argument to do type inference from.
1282   if (TheCall->getNumArgs() < 1) {
1283     Diag(TheCall->getLocEnd(), diag::err_typecheck_call_too_few_args_at_least)
1284       << 0 << 1 << TheCall->getNumArgs()
1285       << TheCall->getCallee()->getSourceRange();
1286     return ExprError();
1287   }
1288 
1289   // Inspect the first argument of the atomic builtin.  This should always be
1290   // a pointer type, whose element is an integral scalar or pointer type.
1291   // Because it is a pointer type, we don't have to worry about any implicit
1292   // casts here.
1293   // FIXME: We don't allow floating point scalars as input.
1294   Expr *FirstArg = TheCall->getArg(0);
1295   ExprResult FirstArgResult = DefaultFunctionArrayLvalueConversion(FirstArg);
1296   if (FirstArgResult.isInvalid())
1297     return ExprError();
1298   FirstArg = FirstArgResult.take();
1299   TheCall->setArg(0, FirstArg);
1300 
1301   const PointerType *pointerType = FirstArg->getType()->getAs<PointerType>();
1302   if (!pointerType) {
1303     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_builtin_must_be_pointer)
1304       << FirstArg->getType() << FirstArg->getSourceRange();
1305     return ExprError();
1306   }
1307 
1308   QualType ValType = pointerType->getPointeeType();
1309   if (!ValType->isIntegerType() && !ValType->isAnyPointerType() &&
1310       !ValType->isBlockPointerType()) {
1311     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_builtin_must_be_pointer_intptr)
1312       << FirstArg->getType() << FirstArg->getSourceRange();
1313     return ExprError();
1314   }
1315 
1316   switch (ValType.getObjCLifetime()) {
1317   case Qualifiers::OCL_None:
1318   case Qualifiers::OCL_ExplicitNone:
1319     // okay
1320     break;
1321 
1322   case Qualifiers::OCL_Weak:
1323   case Qualifiers::OCL_Strong:
1324   case Qualifiers::OCL_Autoreleasing:
1325     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_arc_atomic_ownership)
1326       << ValType << FirstArg->getSourceRange();
1327     return ExprError();
1328   }
1329 
1330   // Strip any qualifiers off ValType.
1331   ValType = ValType.getUnqualifiedType();
1332 
1333   // The majority of builtins return a value, but a few have special return
1334   // types, so allow them to override appropriately below.
1335   QualType ResultType = ValType;
1336 
1337   // We need to figure out which concrete builtin this maps onto.  For example,
1338   // __sync_fetch_and_add with a 2 byte object turns into
1339   // __sync_fetch_and_add_2.
1340 #define BUILTIN_ROW(x) \
1341   { Builtin::BI##x##_1, Builtin::BI##x##_2, Builtin::BI##x##_4, \
1342     Builtin::BI##x##_8, Builtin::BI##x##_16 }
1343 
1344   static const unsigned BuiltinIndices[][5] = {
1345     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_fetch_and_add),
1346     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_fetch_and_sub),
1347     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_fetch_and_or),
1348     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_fetch_and_and),
1349     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_fetch_and_xor),
1350 
1351     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_add_and_fetch),
1352     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_sub_and_fetch),
1353     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_and_and_fetch),
1354     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_or_and_fetch),
1355     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_xor_and_fetch),
1356 
1357     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_val_compare_and_swap),
1358     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_bool_compare_and_swap),
1359     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_lock_test_and_set),
1360     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_lock_release),
1361     BUILTIN_ROW(__sync_swap)
1362   };
1363 #undef BUILTIN_ROW
1364 
1365   // Determine the index of the size.
1366   unsigned SizeIndex;
1367   switch (Context.getTypeSizeInChars(ValType).getQuantity()) {
1368   case 1: SizeIndex = 0; break;
1369   case 2: SizeIndex = 1; break;
1370   case 4: SizeIndex = 2; break;
1371   case 8: SizeIndex = 3; break;
1372   case 16: SizeIndex = 4; break;
1373   default:
1374     Diag(DRE->getLocStart(), diag::err_atomic_builtin_pointer_size)
1375       << FirstArg->getType() << FirstArg->getSourceRange();
1376     return ExprError();
1377   }
1378 
1379   // Each of these builtins has one pointer argument, followed by some number of
1380   // values (0, 1 or 2) followed by a potentially empty varags list of stuff
1381   // that we ignore.  Find out which row of BuiltinIndices to read from as well
1382   // as the number of fixed args.
1383   unsigned BuiltinID = FDecl->getBuiltinID();
1384   unsigned BuiltinIndex, NumFixed = 1;
1385   switch (BuiltinID) {
1386   default: llvm_unreachable("Unknown overloaded atomic builtin!");
1387   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add:
1388   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add_1:
1389   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add_2:
1390   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add_4:
1391   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add_8:
1392   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_add_16:
1393     BuiltinIndex = 0;
1394     break;
1395 
1396   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub:
1397   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub_1:
1398   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub_2:
1399   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub_4:
1400   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub_8:
1401   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_sub_16:
1402     BuiltinIndex = 1;
1403     break;
1404 
1405   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or:
1406   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or_1:
1407   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or_2:
1408   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or_4:
1409   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or_8:
1410   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_or_16:
1411     BuiltinIndex = 2;
1412     break;
1413 
1414   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and:
1415   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and_1:
1416   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and_2:
1417   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and_4:
1418   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and_8:
1419   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_and_16:
1420     BuiltinIndex = 3;
1421     break;
1422 
1423   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor:
1424   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor_1:
1425   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor_2:
1426   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor_4:
1427   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor_8:
1428   case Builtin::BI__sync_fetch_and_xor_16:
1429     BuiltinIndex = 4;
1430     break;
1431 
1432   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch:
1433   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch_1:
1434   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch_2:
1435   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch_4:
1436   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch_8:
1437   case Builtin::BI__sync_add_and_fetch_16:
1438     BuiltinIndex = 5;
1439     break;
1440 
1441   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch:
1442   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch_1:
1443   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch_2:
1444   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch_4:
1445   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch_8:
1446   case Builtin::BI__sync_sub_and_fetch_16:
1447     BuiltinIndex = 6;
1448     break;
1449 
1450   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch:
1451   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch_1:
1452   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch_2:
1453   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch_4:
1454   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch_8:
1455   case Builtin::BI__sync_and_and_fetch_16:
1456     BuiltinIndex = 7;
1457     break;
1458 
1459   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch:
1460   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch_1:
1461   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch_2:
1462   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch_4:
1463   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch_8:
1464   case Builtin::BI__sync_or_and_fetch_16:
1465     BuiltinIndex = 8;
1466     break;
1467 
1468   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch:
1469   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch_1:
1470   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch_2:
1471   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch_4:
1472   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch_8:
1473   case Builtin::BI__sync_xor_and_fetch_16:
1474     BuiltinIndex = 9;
1475     break;
1476 
1477   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap:
1478   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap_1:
1479   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap_2:
1480   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap_4:
1481   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap_8:
1482   case Builtin::BI__sync_val_compare_and_swap_16:
1483     BuiltinIndex = 10;
1484     NumFixed = 2;
1485     break;
1486 
1487   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap:
1488   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap_1:
1489   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap_2:
1490   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap_4:
1491   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap_8:
1492   case Builtin::BI__sync_bool_compare_and_swap_16:
1493     BuiltinIndex = 11;
1494     NumFixed = 2;
1495     ResultType = Context.BoolTy;
1496     break;
1497 
1498   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set:
1499   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set_1:
1500   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set_2:
1501   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set_4:
1502   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set_8:
1503   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_test_and_set_16:
1504     BuiltinIndex = 12;
1505     break;
1506 
1507   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release:
1508   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release_1:
1509   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release_2:
1510   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release_4:
1511   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release_8:
1512   case Builtin::BI__sync_lock_release_16:
1513     BuiltinIndex = 13;
1514     NumFixed = 0;
1515     ResultType = Context.VoidTy;
1516     break;
1517 
1518   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap:
1519   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap_1:
1520   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap_2:
1521   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap_4:
1522   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap_8:
1523   case Builtin::BI__sync_swap_16:
1524     BuiltinIndex = 14;
1525     break;
1526   }
1527 
1528   // Now that we know how many fixed arguments we expect, first check that we
1529   // have at least that many.
1530   if (TheCall->getNumArgs() < 1+NumFixed) {
1531     Diag(TheCall->getLocEnd(), diag::err_typecheck_call_too_few_args_at_least)
1532       << 0 << 1+NumFixed << TheCall->getNumArgs()
1533       << TheCall->getCallee()->getSourceRange();
1534     return ExprError();
1535   }
1536 
1537   // Get the decl for the concrete builtin from this, we can tell what the
1538   // concrete integer type we should convert to is.
1539   unsigned NewBuiltinID = BuiltinIndices[BuiltinIndex][SizeIndex];
1540   const char *NewBuiltinName = Context.BuiltinInfo.GetName(NewBuiltinID);
1541   FunctionDecl *NewBuiltinDecl;
1542   if (NewBuiltinID == BuiltinID)
1543     NewBuiltinDecl = FDecl;
1544   else {
1545     // Perform builtin lookup to avoid redeclaring it.
1546     DeclarationName DN(&Context.Idents.get(NewBuiltinName));
1547     LookupResult Res(*this, DN, DRE->getLocStart(), LookupOrdinaryName);
1548     LookupName(Res, TUScope, /*AllowBuiltinCreation=*/true);
1549     assert(Res.getFoundDecl());
1550     NewBuiltinDecl = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(Res.getFoundDecl());
1551     if (NewBuiltinDecl == 0)
1552       return ExprError();
1553   }
1554 
1555   // The first argument --- the pointer --- has a fixed type; we
1556   // deduce the types of the rest of the arguments accordingly.  Walk
1557   // the remaining arguments, converting them to the deduced value type.
1558   for (unsigned i = 0; i != NumFixed; ++i) {
1559     ExprResult Arg = TheCall->getArg(i+1);
1560 
1561     // GCC does an implicit conversion to the pointer or integer ValType.  This
1562     // can fail in some cases (1i -> int**), check for this error case now.
1563     // Initialize the argument.
1564     InitializedEntity Entity = InitializedEntity::InitializeParameter(Context,
1565                                                    ValType, /*consume*/ false);
1566     Arg = PerformCopyInitialization(Entity, SourceLocation(), Arg);
1567     if (Arg.isInvalid())
1568       return ExprError();
1569 
1570     // Okay, we have something that *can* be converted to the right type.  Check
1571     // to see if there is a potentially weird extension going on here.  This can
1572     // happen when you do an atomic operation on something like an char* and
1573     // pass in 42.  The 42 gets converted to char.  This is even more strange
1574     // for things like 45.123 -> char, etc.
1575     // FIXME: Do this check.
1576     TheCall->setArg(i+1, Arg.take());
1577   }
1578 
1579   ASTContext& Context = this->getASTContext();
1580 
1581   // Create a new DeclRefExpr to refer to the new decl.
1582   DeclRefExpr* NewDRE = DeclRefExpr::Create(
1583       Context,
1584       DRE->getQualifierLoc(),
1585       SourceLocation(),
1586       NewBuiltinDecl,
1587       /*enclosing*/ false,
1588       DRE->getLocation(),
1589       Context.BuiltinFnTy,
1590       DRE->getValueKind());
1591 
1592   // Set the callee in the CallExpr.
1593   // FIXME: This loses syntactic information.
1594   QualType CalleePtrTy = Context.getPointerType(NewBuiltinDecl->getType());
1595   ExprResult PromotedCall = ImpCastExprToType(NewDRE, CalleePtrTy,
1596                                               CK_BuiltinFnToFnPtr);
1597   TheCall->setCallee(PromotedCall.take());
1598 
1599   // Change the result type of the call to match the original value type. This
1600   // is arbitrary, but the codegen for these builtins ins design to handle it
1601   // gracefully.
1602   TheCall->setType(ResultType);
1603 
1604   return TheCallResult;
1605 }
1606 
1607 /// CheckObjCString - Checks that the argument to the builtin
1608 /// CFString constructor is correct
1609 /// Note: It might also make sense to do the UTF-16 conversion here (would
1610 /// simplify the backend).
1611 bool Sema::CheckObjCString(Expr *Arg) {
1612   Arg = Arg->IgnoreParenCasts();
1613   StringLiteral *Literal = dyn_cast<StringLiteral>(Arg);
1614 
1615   if (!Literal || !Literal->isAscii()) {
1616     Diag(Arg->getLocStart(), diag::err_cfstring_literal_not_string_constant)
1617       << Arg->getSourceRange();
1618     return true;
1619   }
1620 
1621   if (Literal->containsNonAsciiOrNull()) {
1622     StringRef String = Literal->getString();
1623     unsigned NumBytes = String.size();
1624     SmallVector<UTF16, 128> ToBuf(NumBytes);
1625     const UTF8 *FromPtr = (const UTF8 *)String.data();
1626     UTF16 *ToPtr = &ToBuf[0];
1627 
1628     ConversionResult Result = ConvertUTF8toUTF16(&FromPtr, FromPtr + NumBytes,
1629                                                  &ToPtr, ToPtr + NumBytes,
1630                                                  strictConversion);
1631     // Check for conversion failure.
1632     if (Result != conversionOK)
1633       Diag(Arg->getLocStart(),
1634            diag::warn_cfstring_truncated) << Arg->getSourceRange();
1635   }
1636   return false;
1637 }
1638 
1639 /// SemaBuiltinVAStart - Check the arguments to __builtin_va_start for validity.
1640 /// Emit an error and return true on failure, return false on success.
1641 bool Sema::SemaBuiltinVAStart(CallExpr *TheCall) {
1642   Expr *Fn = TheCall->getCallee();
1643   if (TheCall->getNumArgs() > 2) {
1644     Diag(TheCall->getArg(2)->getLocStart(),
1645          diag::err_typecheck_call_too_many_args)
1646       << 0 /*function call*/ << 2 << TheCall->getNumArgs()
1647       << Fn->getSourceRange()
1648       << SourceRange(TheCall->getArg(2)->getLocStart(),
1649                      (*(TheCall->arg_end()-1))->getLocEnd());
1650     return true;
1651   }
1652 
1653   if (TheCall->getNumArgs() < 2) {
1654     return Diag(TheCall->getLocEnd(),
1655       diag::err_typecheck_call_too_few_args_at_least)
1656       << 0 /*function call*/ << 2 << TheCall->getNumArgs();
1657   }
1658 
1659   // Type-check the first argument normally.
1660   if (checkBuiltinArgument(*this, TheCall, 0))
1661     return true;
1662 
1663   // Determine whether the current function is variadic or not.
1664   BlockScopeInfo *CurBlock = getCurBlock();
1665   bool isVariadic;
1666   if (CurBlock)
1667     isVariadic = CurBlock->TheDecl->isVariadic();
1668   else if (FunctionDecl *FD = getCurFunctionDecl())
1669     isVariadic = FD->isVariadic();
1670   else
1671     isVariadic = getCurMethodDecl()->isVariadic();
1672 
1673   if (!isVariadic) {
1674     Diag(Fn->getLocStart(), diag::err_va_start_used_in_non_variadic_function);
1675     return true;
1676   }
1677 
1678   // Verify that the second argument to the builtin is the last argument of the
1679   // current function or method.
1680   bool SecondArgIsLastNamedArgument = false;
1681   const Expr *Arg = TheCall->getArg(1)->IgnoreParenCasts();
1682 
1683   // These are valid if SecondArgIsLastNamedArgument is false after the next
1684   // block.
1685   QualType Type;
1686   SourceLocation ParamLoc;
1687 
1688   if (const DeclRefExpr *DR = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(Arg)) {
1689     if (const ParmVarDecl *PV = dyn_cast<ParmVarDecl>(DR->getDecl())) {
1690       // FIXME: This isn't correct for methods (results in bogus warning).
1691       // Get the last formal in the current function.
1692       const ParmVarDecl *LastArg;
1693       if (CurBlock)
1694         LastArg = *(CurBlock->TheDecl->param_end()-1);
1695       else if (FunctionDecl *FD = getCurFunctionDecl())
1696         LastArg = *(FD->param_end()-1);
1697       else
1698         LastArg = *(getCurMethodDecl()->param_end()-1);
1699       SecondArgIsLastNamedArgument = PV == LastArg;
1700 
1701       Type = PV->getType();
1702       ParamLoc = PV->getLocation();
1703     }
1704   }
1705 
1706   if (!SecondArgIsLastNamedArgument)
1707     Diag(TheCall->getArg(1)->getLocStart(),
1708          diag::warn_second_parameter_of_va_start_not_last_named_argument);
1709   else if (Type->isReferenceType()) {
1710     Diag(Arg->getLocStart(),
1711          diag::warn_va_start_of_reference_type_is_undefined);
1712     Diag(ParamLoc, diag::note_parameter_type) << Type;
1713   }
1714 
1715   TheCall->setType(Context.VoidTy);
1716   return false;
1717 }
1718 
1719 /// SemaBuiltinUnorderedCompare - Handle functions like __builtin_isgreater and
1720 /// friends.  This is declared to take (...), so we have to check everything.
1721 bool Sema::SemaBuiltinUnorderedCompare(CallExpr *TheCall) {
1722   if (TheCall->getNumArgs() < 2)
1723     return Diag(TheCall->getLocEnd(), diag::err_typecheck_call_too_few_args)
1724       << 0 << 2 << TheCall->getNumArgs()/*function call*/;
1725   if (TheCall->getNumArgs() > 2)
1726     return Diag(TheCall->getArg(2)->getLocStart(),
1727                 diag::err_typecheck_call_too_many_args)
1728       << 0 /*function call*/ << 2 << TheCall->getNumArgs()
1729       << SourceRange(TheCall->getArg(2)->getLocStart(),
1730                      (*(TheCall->arg_end()-1))->getLocEnd());
1731 
1732   ExprResult OrigArg0 = TheCall->getArg(0);
1733   ExprResult OrigArg1 = TheCall->getArg(1);
1734 
1735   // Do standard promotions between the two arguments, returning their common
1736   // type.
1737   QualType Res = UsualArithmeticConversions(OrigArg0, OrigArg1, false);
1738   if (OrigArg0.isInvalid() || OrigArg1.isInvalid())
1739     return true;
1740 
1741   // Make sure any conversions are pushed back into the call; this is
1742   // type safe since unordered compare builtins are declared as "_Bool
1743   // foo(...)".
1744   TheCall->setArg(0, OrigArg0.get());
1745   TheCall->setArg(1, OrigArg1.get());
1746 
1747   if (OrigArg0.get()->isTypeDependent() || OrigArg1.get()->isTypeDependent())
1748     return false;
1749 
1750   // If the common type isn't a real floating type, then the arguments were
1751   // invalid for this operation.
1752   if (Res.isNull() || !Res->isRealFloatingType())
1753     return Diag(OrigArg0.get()->getLocStart(),
1754                 diag::err_typecheck_call_invalid_ordered_compare)
1755       << OrigArg0.get()->getType() << OrigArg1.get()->getType()
1756       << SourceRange(OrigArg0.get()->getLocStart(), OrigArg1.get()->getLocEnd());
1757 
1758   return false;
1759 }
1760 
1761 /// SemaBuiltinSemaBuiltinFPClassification - Handle functions like
1762 /// __builtin_isnan and friends.  This is declared to take (...), so we have
1763 /// to check everything. We expect the last argument to be a floating point
1764 /// value.
1765 bool Sema::SemaBuiltinFPClassification(CallExpr *TheCall, unsigned NumArgs) {
1766   if (TheCall->getNumArgs() < NumArgs)
1767     return Diag(TheCall->getLocEnd(), diag::err_typecheck_call_too_few_args)
1768       << 0 << NumArgs << TheCall->getNumArgs()/*function call*/;
1769   if (TheCall->getNumArgs() > NumArgs)
1770     return Diag(TheCall->getArg(NumArgs)->getLocStart(),
1771                 diag::err_typecheck_call_too_many_args)
1772       << 0 /*function call*/ << NumArgs << TheCall->getNumArgs()
1773       << SourceRange(TheCall->getArg(NumArgs)->getLocStart(),
1774                      (*(TheCall->arg_end()-1))->getLocEnd());
1775 
1776   Expr *OrigArg = TheCall->getArg(NumArgs-1);
1777 
1778   if (OrigArg->isTypeDependent())
1779     return false;
1780 
1781   // This operation requires a non-_Complex floating-point number.
1782   if (!OrigArg->getType()->isRealFloatingType())
1783     return Diag(OrigArg->getLocStart(),
1784                 diag::err_typecheck_call_invalid_unary_fp)
1785       << OrigArg->getType() << OrigArg->getSourceRange();
1786 
1787   // If this is an implicit conversion from float -> double, remove it.
1788   if (ImplicitCastExpr *Cast = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(OrigArg)) {
1789     Expr *CastArg = Cast->getSubExpr();
1790     if (CastArg->getType()->isSpecificBuiltinType(BuiltinType::Float)) {
1791       assert(Cast->getType()->isSpecificBuiltinType(BuiltinType::Double) &&
1792              "promotion from float to double is the only expected cast here");
1793       Cast->setSubExpr(0);
1794       TheCall->setArg(NumArgs-1, CastArg);
1795     }
1796   }
1797 
1798   return false;
1799 }
1800 
1801 /// SemaBuiltinShuffleVector - Handle __builtin_shufflevector.
1802 // This is declared to take (...), so we have to check everything.
1803 ExprResult Sema::SemaBuiltinShuffleVector(CallExpr *TheCall) {
1804   if (TheCall->getNumArgs() < 2)
1805     return ExprError(Diag(TheCall->getLocEnd(),
1806                           diag::err_typecheck_call_too_few_args_at_least)
1807                      << 0 /*function call*/ << 2 << TheCall->getNumArgs()
1808                      << TheCall->getSourceRange());
1809 
1810   // Determine which of the following types of shufflevector we're checking:
1811   // 1) unary, vector mask: (lhs, mask)
1812   // 2) binary, vector mask: (lhs, rhs, mask)
1813   // 3) binary, scalar mask: (lhs, rhs, index, ..., index)
1814   QualType resType = TheCall->getArg(0)->getType();
1815   unsigned numElements = 0;
1816 
1817   if (!TheCall->getArg(0)->isTypeDependent() &&
1818       !TheCall->getArg(1)->isTypeDependent()) {
1819     QualType LHSType = TheCall->getArg(0)->getType();
1820     QualType RHSType = TheCall->getArg(1)->getType();
1821 
1822     if (!LHSType->isVectorType() || !RHSType->isVectorType())
1823       return ExprError(Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(),
1824                             diag::err_shufflevector_non_vector)
1825                        << SourceRange(TheCall->getArg(0)->getLocStart(),
1826                                       TheCall->getArg(1)->getLocEnd()));
1827 
1828     numElements = LHSType->getAs<VectorType>()->getNumElements();
1829     unsigned numResElements = TheCall->getNumArgs() - 2;
1830 
1831     // Check to see if we have a call with 2 vector arguments, the unary shuffle
1832     // with mask.  If so, verify that RHS is an integer vector type with the
1833     // same number of elts as lhs.
1834     if (TheCall->getNumArgs() == 2) {
1835       if (!RHSType->hasIntegerRepresentation() ||
1836           RHSType->getAs<VectorType>()->getNumElements() != numElements)
1837         return ExprError(Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(),
1838                               diag::err_shufflevector_incompatible_vector)
1839                          << SourceRange(TheCall->getArg(1)->getLocStart(),
1840                                         TheCall->getArg(1)->getLocEnd()));
1841     } else if (!Context.hasSameUnqualifiedType(LHSType, RHSType)) {
1842       return ExprError(Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(),
1843                             diag::err_shufflevector_incompatible_vector)
1844                        << SourceRange(TheCall->getArg(0)->getLocStart(),
1845                                       TheCall->getArg(1)->getLocEnd()));
1846     } else if (numElements != numResElements) {
1847       QualType eltType = LHSType->getAs<VectorType>()->getElementType();
1848       resType = Context.getVectorType(eltType, numResElements,
1849                                       VectorType::GenericVector);
1850     }
1851   }
1852 
1853   for (unsigned i = 2; i < TheCall->getNumArgs(); i++) {
1854     if (TheCall->getArg(i)->isTypeDependent() ||
1855         TheCall->getArg(i)->isValueDependent())
1856       continue;
1857 
1858     llvm::APSInt Result(32);
1859     if (!TheCall->getArg(i)->isIntegerConstantExpr(Result, Context))
1860       return ExprError(Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(),
1861                             diag::err_shufflevector_nonconstant_argument)
1862                        << TheCall->getArg(i)->getSourceRange());
1863 
1864     // Allow -1 which will be translated to undef in the IR.
1865     if (Result.isSigned() && Result.isAllOnesValue())
1866       continue;
1867 
1868     if (Result.getActiveBits() > 64 || Result.getZExtValue() >= numElements*2)
1869       return ExprError(Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(),
1870                             diag::err_shufflevector_argument_too_large)
1871                        << TheCall->getArg(i)->getSourceRange());
1872   }
1873 
1874   SmallVector<Expr*, 32> exprs;
1875 
1876   for (unsigned i = 0, e = TheCall->getNumArgs(); i != e; i++) {
1877     exprs.push_back(TheCall->getArg(i));
1878     TheCall->setArg(i, 0);
1879   }
1880 
1881   return Owned(new (Context) ShuffleVectorExpr(Context, exprs, resType,
1882                                             TheCall->getCallee()->getLocStart(),
1883                                             TheCall->getRParenLoc()));
1884 }
1885 
1886 /// SemaConvertVectorExpr - Handle __builtin_convertvector
1887 ExprResult Sema::SemaConvertVectorExpr(Expr *E, TypeSourceInfo *TInfo,
1888                                        SourceLocation BuiltinLoc,
1889                                        SourceLocation RParenLoc) {
1890   ExprValueKind VK = VK_RValue;
1891   ExprObjectKind OK = OK_Ordinary;
1892   QualType DstTy = TInfo->getType();
1893   QualType SrcTy = E->getType();
1894 
1895   if (!SrcTy->isVectorType() && !SrcTy->isDependentType())
1896     return ExprError(Diag(BuiltinLoc,
1897                           diag::err_convertvector_non_vector)
1898                      << E->getSourceRange());
1899   if (!DstTy->isVectorType() && !DstTy->isDependentType())
1900     return ExprError(Diag(BuiltinLoc,
1901                           diag::err_convertvector_non_vector_type));
1902 
1903   if (!SrcTy->isDependentType() && !DstTy->isDependentType()) {
1904     unsigned SrcElts = SrcTy->getAs<VectorType>()->getNumElements();
1905     unsigned DstElts = DstTy->getAs<VectorType>()->getNumElements();
1906     if (SrcElts != DstElts)
1907       return ExprError(Diag(BuiltinLoc,
1908                             diag::err_convertvector_incompatible_vector)
1909                        << E->getSourceRange());
1910   }
1911 
1912   return Owned(new (Context) ConvertVectorExpr(E, TInfo, DstTy, VK, OK,
1913                BuiltinLoc, RParenLoc));
1914 
1915 }
1916 
1917 /// SemaBuiltinPrefetch - Handle __builtin_prefetch.
1918 // This is declared to take (const void*, ...) and can take two
1919 // optional constant int args.
1920 bool Sema::SemaBuiltinPrefetch(CallExpr *TheCall) {
1921   unsigned NumArgs = TheCall->getNumArgs();
1922 
1923   if (NumArgs > 3)
1924     return Diag(TheCall->getLocEnd(),
1925              diag::err_typecheck_call_too_many_args_at_most)
1926              << 0 /*function call*/ << 3 << NumArgs
1927              << TheCall->getSourceRange();
1928 
1929   // Argument 0 is checked for us and the remaining arguments must be
1930   // constant integers.
1931   for (unsigned i = 1; i != NumArgs; ++i) {
1932     Expr *Arg = TheCall->getArg(i);
1933 
1934     // We can't check the value of a dependent argument.
1935     if (Arg->isTypeDependent() || Arg->isValueDependent())
1936       continue;
1937 
1938     llvm::APSInt Result;
1939     if (SemaBuiltinConstantArg(TheCall, i, Result))
1940       return true;
1941 
1942     // FIXME: gcc issues a warning and rewrites these to 0. These
1943     // seems especially odd for the third argument since the default
1944     // is 3.
1945     if (i == 1) {
1946       if (Result.getLimitedValue() > 1)
1947         return Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(), diag::err_argument_invalid_range)
1948              << "0" << "1" << Arg->getSourceRange();
1949     } else {
1950       if (Result.getLimitedValue() > 3)
1951         return Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(), diag::err_argument_invalid_range)
1952             << "0" << "3" << Arg->getSourceRange();
1953     }
1954   }
1955 
1956   return false;
1957 }
1958 
1959 /// SemaBuiltinConstantArg - Handle a check if argument ArgNum of CallExpr
1960 /// TheCall is a constant expression.
1961 bool Sema::SemaBuiltinConstantArg(CallExpr *TheCall, int ArgNum,
1962                                   llvm::APSInt &Result) {
1963   Expr *Arg = TheCall->getArg(ArgNum);
1964   DeclRefExpr *DRE =cast<DeclRefExpr>(TheCall->getCallee()->IgnoreParenCasts());
1965   FunctionDecl *FDecl = cast<FunctionDecl>(DRE->getDecl());
1966 
1967   if (Arg->isTypeDependent() || Arg->isValueDependent()) return false;
1968 
1969   if (!Arg->isIntegerConstantExpr(Result, Context))
1970     return Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(), diag::err_constant_integer_arg_type)
1971                 << FDecl->getDeclName() <<  Arg->getSourceRange();
1972 
1973   return false;
1974 }
1975 
1976 /// SemaBuiltinObjectSize - Handle __builtin_object_size(void *ptr,
1977 /// int type). This simply type checks that type is one of the defined
1978 /// constants (0-3).
1979 // For compatibility check 0-3, llvm only handles 0 and 2.
1980 bool Sema::SemaBuiltinObjectSize(CallExpr *TheCall) {
1981   llvm::APSInt Result;
1982 
1983   // We can't check the value of a dependent argument.
1984   if (TheCall->getArg(1)->isTypeDependent() ||
1985       TheCall->getArg(1)->isValueDependent())
1986     return false;
1987 
1988   // Check constant-ness first.
1989   if (SemaBuiltinConstantArg(TheCall, 1, Result))
1990     return true;
1991 
1992   Expr *Arg = TheCall->getArg(1);
1993   if (Result.getSExtValue() < 0 || Result.getSExtValue() > 3) {
1994     return Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(), diag::err_argument_invalid_range)
1995              << "0" << "3" << SourceRange(Arg->getLocStart(), Arg->getLocEnd());
1996   }
1997 
1998   return false;
1999 }
2000 
2001 /// SemaBuiltinLongjmp - Handle __builtin_longjmp(void *env[5], int val).
2002 /// This checks that val is a constant 1.
2003 bool Sema::SemaBuiltinLongjmp(CallExpr *TheCall) {
2004   Expr *Arg = TheCall->getArg(1);
2005   llvm::APSInt Result;
2006 
2007   // TODO: This is less than ideal. Overload this to take a value.
2008   if (SemaBuiltinConstantArg(TheCall, 1, Result))
2009     return true;
2010 
2011   if (Result != 1)
2012     return Diag(TheCall->getLocStart(), diag::err_builtin_longjmp_invalid_val)
2013              << SourceRange(Arg->getLocStart(), Arg->getLocEnd());
2014 
2015   return false;
2016 }
2017 
2018 namespace {
2019 enum StringLiteralCheckType {
2020   SLCT_NotALiteral,
2021   SLCT_UncheckedLiteral,
2022   SLCT_CheckedLiteral
2023 };
2024 }
2025 
2026 // Determine if an expression is a string literal or constant string.
2027 // If this function returns false on the arguments to a function expecting a
2028 // format string, we will usually need to emit a warning.
2029 // True string literals are then checked by CheckFormatString.
2030 static StringLiteralCheckType
2031 checkFormatStringExpr(Sema &S, const Expr *E, ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args,
2032                       bool HasVAListArg, unsigned format_idx,
2033                       unsigned firstDataArg, Sema::FormatStringType Type,
2034                       Sema::VariadicCallType CallType, bool InFunctionCall,
2035                       llvm::SmallBitVector &CheckedVarArgs) {
2036  tryAgain:
2037   if (E->isTypeDependent() || E->isValueDependent())
2038     return SLCT_NotALiteral;
2039 
2040   E = E->IgnoreParenCasts();
2041 
2042   if (E->isNullPointerConstant(S.Context, Expr::NPC_ValueDependentIsNotNull))
2043     // Technically -Wformat-nonliteral does not warn about this case.
2044     // The behavior of printf and friends in this case is implementation
2045     // dependent.  Ideally if the format string cannot be null then
2046     // it should have a 'nonnull' attribute in the function prototype.
2047     return SLCT_UncheckedLiteral;
2048 
2049   switch (E->getStmtClass()) {
2050   case Stmt::BinaryConditionalOperatorClass:
2051   case Stmt::ConditionalOperatorClass: {
2052     // The expression is a literal if both sub-expressions were, and it was
2053     // completely checked only if both sub-expressions were checked.
2054     const AbstractConditionalOperator *C =
2055         cast<AbstractConditionalOperator>(E);
2056     StringLiteralCheckType Left =
2057         checkFormatStringExpr(S, C->getTrueExpr(), Args,
2058                               HasVAListArg, format_idx, firstDataArg,
2059                               Type, CallType, InFunctionCall, CheckedVarArgs);
2060     if (Left == SLCT_NotALiteral)
2061       return SLCT_NotALiteral;
2062     StringLiteralCheckType Right =
2063         checkFormatStringExpr(S, C->getFalseExpr(), Args,
2064                               HasVAListArg, format_idx, firstDataArg,
2065                               Type, CallType, InFunctionCall, CheckedVarArgs);
2066     return Left < Right ? Left : Right;
2067   }
2068 
2069   case Stmt::ImplicitCastExprClass: {
2070     E = cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)->getSubExpr();
2071     goto tryAgain;
2072   }
2073 
2074   case Stmt::OpaqueValueExprClass:
2075     if (const Expr *src = cast<OpaqueValueExpr>(E)->getSourceExpr()) {
2076       E = src;
2077       goto tryAgain;
2078     }
2079     return SLCT_NotALiteral;
2080 
2081   case Stmt::PredefinedExprClass:
2082     // While __func__, etc., are technically not string literals, they
2083     // cannot contain format specifiers and thus are not a security
2084     // liability.
2085     return SLCT_UncheckedLiteral;
2086 
2087   case Stmt::DeclRefExprClass: {
2088     const DeclRefExpr *DR = cast<DeclRefExpr>(E);
2089 
2090     // As an exception, do not flag errors for variables binding to
2091     // const string literals.
2092     if (const VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(DR->getDecl())) {
2093       bool isConstant = false;
2094       QualType T = DR->getType();
2095 
2096       if (const ArrayType *AT = S.Context.getAsArrayType(T)) {
2097         isConstant = AT->getElementType().isConstant(S.Context);
2098       } else if (const PointerType *PT = T->getAs<PointerType>()) {
2099         isConstant = T.isConstant(S.Context) &&
2100                      PT->getPointeeType().isConstant(S.Context);
2101       } else if (T->isObjCObjectPointerType()) {
2102         // In ObjC, there is usually no "const ObjectPointer" type,
2103         // so don't check if the pointee type is constant.
2104         isConstant = T.isConstant(S.Context);
2105       }
2106 
2107       if (isConstant) {
2108         if (const Expr *Init = VD->getAnyInitializer()) {
2109           // Look through initializers like const char c[] = { "foo" }
2110           if (const InitListExpr *InitList = dyn_cast<InitListExpr>(Init)) {
2111             if (InitList->isStringLiteralInit())
2112               Init = InitList->getInit(0)->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
2113           }
2114           return checkFormatStringExpr(S, Init, Args,
2115                                        HasVAListArg, format_idx,
2116                                        firstDataArg, Type, CallType,
2117                                        /*InFunctionCall*/false, CheckedVarArgs);
2118         }
2119       }
2120 
2121       // For vprintf* functions (i.e., HasVAListArg==true), we add a
2122       // special check to see if the format string is a function parameter
2123       // of the function calling the printf function.  If the function
2124       // has an attribute indicating it is a printf-like function, then we
2125       // should suppress warnings concerning non-literals being used in a call
2126       // to a vprintf function.  For example:
2127       //
2128       // void
2129       // logmessage(char const *fmt __attribute__ (format (printf, 1, 2)), ...){
2130       //      va_list ap;
2131       //      va_start(ap, fmt);
2132       //      vprintf(fmt, ap);  // Do NOT emit a warning about "fmt".
2133       //      ...
2134       // }
2135       if (HasVAListArg) {
2136         if (const ParmVarDecl *PV = dyn_cast<ParmVarDecl>(VD)) {
2137           if (const NamedDecl *ND = dyn_cast<NamedDecl>(PV->getDeclContext())) {
2138             int PVIndex = PV->getFunctionScopeIndex() + 1;
2139             for (specific_attr_iterator<FormatAttr>
2140                  i = ND->specific_attr_begin<FormatAttr>(),
2141                  e = ND->specific_attr_end<FormatAttr>(); i != e ; ++i) {
2142               FormatAttr *PVFormat = *i;
2143               // adjust for implicit parameter
2144               if (const CXXMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(ND))
2145                 if (MD->isInstance())
2146                   ++PVIndex;
2147               // We also check if the formats are compatible.
2148               // We can't pass a 'scanf' string to a 'printf' function.
2149               if (PVIndex == PVFormat->getFormatIdx() &&
2150                   Type == S.GetFormatStringType(PVFormat))
2151                 return SLCT_UncheckedLiteral;
2152             }
2153           }
2154         }
2155       }
2156     }
2157 
2158     return SLCT_NotALiteral;
2159   }
2160 
2161   case Stmt::CallExprClass:
2162   case Stmt::CXXMemberCallExprClass: {
2163     const CallExpr *CE = cast<CallExpr>(E);
2164     if (const NamedDecl *ND = dyn_cast_or_null<NamedDecl>(CE->getCalleeDecl())) {
2165       if (const FormatArgAttr *FA = ND->getAttr<FormatArgAttr>()) {
2166         unsigned ArgIndex = FA->getFormatIdx();
2167         if (const CXXMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(ND))
2168           if (MD->isInstance())
2169             --ArgIndex;
2170         const Expr *Arg = CE->getArg(ArgIndex - 1);
2171 
2172         return checkFormatStringExpr(S, Arg, Args,
2173                                      HasVAListArg, format_idx, firstDataArg,
2174                                      Type, CallType, InFunctionCall,
2175                                      CheckedVarArgs);
2176       } else if (const FunctionDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(ND)) {
2177         unsigned BuiltinID = FD->getBuiltinID();
2178         if (BuiltinID == Builtin::BI__builtin___CFStringMakeConstantString ||
2179             BuiltinID == Builtin::BI__builtin___NSStringMakeConstantString) {
2180           const Expr *Arg = CE->getArg(0);
2181           return checkFormatStringExpr(S, Arg, Args,
2182                                        HasVAListArg, format_idx,
2183                                        firstDataArg, Type, CallType,
2184                                        InFunctionCall, CheckedVarArgs);
2185         }
2186       }
2187     }
2188 
2189     return SLCT_NotALiteral;
2190   }
2191   case Stmt::ObjCStringLiteralClass:
2192   case Stmt::StringLiteralClass: {
2193     const StringLiteral *StrE = NULL;
2194 
2195     if (const ObjCStringLiteral *ObjCFExpr = dyn_cast<ObjCStringLiteral>(E))
2196       StrE = ObjCFExpr->getString();
2197     else
2198       StrE = cast<StringLiteral>(E);
2199 
2200     if (StrE) {
2201       S.CheckFormatString(StrE, E, Args, HasVAListArg, format_idx, firstDataArg,
2202                           Type, InFunctionCall, CallType, CheckedVarArgs);
2203       return SLCT_CheckedLiteral;
2204     }
2205 
2206     return SLCT_NotALiteral;
2207   }
2208 
2209   default:
2210     return SLCT_NotALiteral;
2211   }
2212 }
2213 
2214 Sema::FormatStringType Sema::GetFormatStringType(const FormatAttr *Format) {
2215   return llvm::StringSwitch<FormatStringType>(Format->getType()->getName())
2216   .Case("scanf", FST_Scanf)
2217   .Cases("printf", "printf0", FST_Printf)
2218   .Cases("NSString", "CFString", FST_NSString)
2219   .Case("strftime", FST_Strftime)
2220   .Case("strfmon", FST_Strfmon)
2221   .Cases("kprintf", "cmn_err", "vcmn_err", "zcmn_err", FST_Kprintf)
2222   .Default(FST_Unknown);
2223 }
2224 
2225 /// CheckFormatArguments - Check calls to printf and scanf (and similar
2226 /// functions) for correct use of format strings.
2227 /// Returns true if a format string has been fully checked.
2228 bool Sema::CheckFormatArguments(const FormatAttr *Format,
2229                                 ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args,
2230                                 bool IsCXXMember,
2231                                 VariadicCallType CallType,
2232                                 SourceLocation Loc, SourceRange Range,
2233                                 llvm::SmallBitVector &CheckedVarArgs) {
2234   FormatStringInfo FSI;
2235   if (getFormatStringInfo(Format, IsCXXMember, &FSI))
2236     return CheckFormatArguments(Args, FSI.HasVAListArg, FSI.FormatIdx,
2237                                 FSI.FirstDataArg, GetFormatStringType(Format),
2238                                 CallType, Loc, Range, CheckedVarArgs);
2239   return false;
2240 }
2241 
2242 bool Sema::CheckFormatArguments(ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args,
2243                                 bool HasVAListArg, unsigned format_idx,
2244                                 unsigned firstDataArg, FormatStringType Type,
2245                                 VariadicCallType CallType,
2246                                 SourceLocation Loc, SourceRange Range,
2247                                 llvm::SmallBitVector &CheckedVarArgs) {
2248   // CHECK: printf/scanf-like function is called with no format string.
2249   if (format_idx >= Args.size()) {
2250     Diag(Loc, diag::warn_missing_format_string) << Range;
2251     return false;
2252   }
2253 
2254   const Expr *OrigFormatExpr = Args[format_idx]->IgnoreParenCasts();
2255 
2256   // CHECK: format string is not a string literal.
2257   //
2258   // Dynamically generated format strings are difficult to
2259   // automatically vet at compile time.  Requiring that format strings
2260   // are string literals: (1) permits the checking of format strings by
2261   // the compiler and thereby (2) can practically remove the source of
2262   // many format string exploits.
2263 
2264   // Format string can be either ObjC string (e.g. @"%d") or
2265   // C string (e.g. "%d")
2266   // ObjC string uses the same format specifiers as C string, so we can use
2267   // the same format string checking logic for both ObjC and C strings.
2268   StringLiteralCheckType CT =
2269       checkFormatStringExpr(*this, OrigFormatExpr, Args, HasVAListArg,
2270                             format_idx, firstDataArg, Type, CallType,
2271                             /*IsFunctionCall*/true, CheckedVarArgs);
2272   if (CT != SLCT_NotALiteral)
2273     // Literal format string found, check done!
2274     return CT == SLCT_CheckedLiteral;
2275 
2276   // Strftime is particular as it always uses a single 'time' argument,
2277   // so it is safe to pass a non-literal string.
2278   if (Type == FST_Strftime)
2279     return false;
2280 
2281   // Do not emit diag when the string param is a macro expansion and the
2282   // format is either NSString or CFString. This is a hack to prevent
2283   // diag when using the NSLocalizedString and CFCopyLocalizedString macros
2284   // which are usually used in place of NS and CF string literals.
2285   if (Type == FST_NSString &&
2286       SourceMgr.isInSystemMacro(Args[format_idx]->getLocStart()))
2287     return false;
2288 
2289   // If there are no arguments specified, warn with -Wformat-security, otherwise
2290   // warn only with -Wformat-nonliteral.
2291   if (Args.size() == firstDataArg)
2292     Diag(Args[format_idx]->getLocStart(),
2293          diag::warn_format_nonliteral_noargs)
2294       << OrigFormatExpr->getSourceRange();
2295   else
2296     Diag(Args[format_idx]->getLocStart(),
2297          diag::warn_format_nonliteral)
2298            << OrigFormatExpr->getSourceRange();
2299   return false;
2300 }
2301 
2302 namespace {
2303 class CheckFormatHandler : public analyze_format_string::FormatStringHandler {
2304 protected:
2305   Sema &S;
2306   const StringLiteral *FExpr;
2307   const Expr *OrigFormatExpr;
2308   const unsigned FirstDataArg;
2309   const unsigned NumDataArgs;
2310   const char *Beg; // Start of format string.
2311   const bool HasVAListArg;
2312   ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args;
2313   unsigned FormatIdx;
2314   llvm::SmallBitVector CoveredArgs;
2315   bool usesPositionalArgs;
2316   bool atFirstArg;
2317   bool inFunctionCall;
2318   Sema::VariadicCallType CallType;
2319   llvm::SmallBitVector &CheckedVarArgs;
2320 public:
2321   CheckFormatHandler(Sema &s, const StringLiteral *fexpr,
2322                      const Expr *origFormatExpr, unsigned firstDataArg,
2323                      unsigned numDataArgs, const char *beg, bool hasVAListArg,
2324                      ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args,
2325                      unsigned formatIdx, bool inFunctionCall,
2326                      Sema::VariadicCallType callType,
2327                      llvm::SmallBitVector &CheckedVarArgs)
2328     : S(s), FExpr(fexpr), OrigFormatExpr(origFormatExpr),
2329       FirstDataArg(firstDataArg), NumDataArgs(numDataArgs),
2330       Beg(beg), HasVAListArg(hasVAListArg),
2331       Args(Args), FormatIdx(formatIdx),
2332       usesPositionalArgs(false), atFirstArg(true),
2333       inFunctionCall(inFunctionCall), CallType(callType),
2334       CheckedVarArgs(CheckedVarArgs) {
2335     CoveredArgs.resize(numDataArgs);
2336     CoveredArgs.reset();
2337   }
2338 
2339   void DoneProcessing();
2340 
2341   void HandleIncompleteSpecifier(const char *startSpecifier,
2342                                  unsigned specifierLen);
2343 
2344   void HandleInvalidLengthModifier(
2345       const analyze_format_string::FormatSpecifier &FS,
2346       const analyze_format_string::ConversionSpecifier &CS,
2347       const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen, unsigned DiagID);
2348 
2349   void HandleNonStandardLengthModifier(
2350       const analyze_format_string::FormatSpecifier &FS,
2351       const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen);
2352 
2353   void HandleNonStandardConversionSpecifier(
2354       const analyze_format_string::ConversionSpecifier &CS,
2355       const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen);
2356 
2357   virtual void HandlePosition(const char *startPos, unsigned posLen);
2358 
2359   virtual void HandleInvalidPosition(const char *startSpecifier,
2360                                      unsigned specifierLen,
2361                                      analyze_format_string::PositionContext p);
2362 
2363   virtual void HandleZeroPosition(const char *startPos, unsigned posLen);
2364 
2365   void HandleNullChar(const char *nullCharacter);
2366 
2367   template <typename Range>
2368   static void EmitFormatDiagnostic(Sema &S, bool inFunctionCall,
2369                                    const Expr *ArgumentExpr,
2370                                    PartialDiagnostic PDiag,
2371                                    SourceLocation StringLoc,
2372                                    bool IsStringLocation, Range StringRange,
2373                                    ArrayRef<FixItHint> Fixit = None);
2374 
2375 protected:
2376   bool HandleInvalidConversionSpecifier(unsigned argIndex, SourceLocation Loc,
2377                                         const char *startSpec,
2378                                         unsigned specifierLen,
2379                                         const char *csStart, unsigned csLen);
2380 
2381   void HandlePositionalNonpositionalArgs(SourceLocation Loc,
2382                                          const char *startSpec,
2383                                          unsigned specifierLen);
2384 
2385   SourceRange getFormatStringRange();
2386   CharSourceRange getSpecifierRange(const char *startSpecifier,
2387                                     unsigned specifierLen);
2388   SourceLocation getLocationOfByte(const char *x);
2389 
2390   const Expr *getDataArg(unsigned i) const;
2391 
2392   bool CheckNumArgs(const analyze_format_string::FormatSpecifier &FS,
2393                     const analyze_format_string::ConversionSpecifier &CS,
2394                     const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen,
2395                     unsigned argIndex);
2396 
2397   template <typename Range>
2398   void EmitFormatDiagnostic(PartialDiagnostic PDiag, SourceLocation StringLoc,
2399                             bool IsStringLocation, Range StringRange,
2400                             ArrayRef<FixItHint> Fixit = None);
2401 
2402   void CheckPositionalAndNonpositionalArgs(
2403       const analyze_format_string::FormatSpecifier *FS);
2404 };
2405 }
2406 
2407 SourceRange CheckFormatHandler::getFormatStringRange() {
2408   return OrigFormatExpr->getSourceRange();
2409 }
2410 
2411 CharSourceRange CheckFormatHandler::
2412 getSpecifierRange(const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen) {
2413   SourceLocation Start = getLocationOfByte(startSpecifier);
2414   SourceLocation End   = getLocationOfByte(startSpecifier + specifierLen - 1);
2415 
2416   // Advance the end SourceLocation by one due to half-open ranges.
2417   End = End.getLocWithOffset(1);
2418 
2419   return CharSourceRange::getCharRange(Start, End);
2420 }
2421 
2422 SourceLocation CheckFormatHandler::getLocationOfByte(const char *x) {
2423   return S.getLocationOfStringLiteralByte(FExpr, x - Beg);
2424 }
2425 
2426 void CheckFormatHandler::HandleIncompleteSpecifier(const char *startSpecifier,
2427                                                    unsigned specifierLen){
2428   EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_incomplete_specifier),
2429                        getLocationOfByte(startSpecifier),
2430                        /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2431                        getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen));
2432 }
2433 
2434 void CheckFormatHandler::HandleInvalidLengthModifier(
2435     const analyze_format_string::FormatSpecifier &FS,
2436     const analyze_format_string::ConversionSpecifier &CS,
2437     const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen, unsigned DiagID) {
2438   using namespace analyze_format_string;
2439 
2440   const LengthModifier &LM = FS.getLengthModifier();
2441   CharSourceRange LMRange = getSpecifierRange(LM.getStart(), LM.getLength());
2442 
2443   // See if we know how to fix this length modifier.
2444   Optional<LengthModifier> FixedLM = FS.getCorrectedLengthModifier();
2445   if (FixedLM) {
2446     EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(DiagID) << LM.toString() << CS.toString(),
2447                          getLocationOfByte(LM.getStart()),
2448                          /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2449                          getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen));
2450 
2451     S.Diag(getLocationOfByte(LM.getStart()), diag::note_format_fix_specifier)
2452       << FixedLM->toString()
2453       << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(LMRange, FixedLM->toString());
2454 
2455   } else {
2456     FixItHint Hint;
2457     if (DiagID == diag::warn_format_nonsensical_length)
2458       Hint = FixItHint::CreateRemoval(LMRange);
2459 
2460     EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(DiagID) << LM.toString() << CS.toString(),
2461                          getLocationOfByte(LM.getStart()),
2462                          /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2463                          getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen),
2464                          Hint);
2465   }
2466 }
2467 
2468 void CheckFormatHandler::HandleNonStandardLengthModifier(
2469     const analyze_format_string::FormatSpecifier &FS,
2470     const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen) {
2471   using namespace analyze_format_string;
2472 
2473   const LengthModifier &LM = FS.getLengthModifier();
2474   CharSourceRange LMRange = getSpecifierRange(LM.getStart(), LM.getLength());
2475 
2476   // See if we know how to fix this length modifier.
2477   Optional<LengthModifier> FixedLM = FS.getCorrectedLengthModifier();
2478   if (FixedLM) {
2479     EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_format_non_standard)
2480                            << LM.toString() << 0,
2481                          getLocationOfByte(LM.getStart()),
2482                          /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2483                          getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen));
2484 
2485     S.Diag(getLocationOfByte(LM.getStart()), diag::note_format_fix_specifier)
2486       << FixedLM->toString()
2487       << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(LMRange, FixedLM->toString());
2488 
2489   } else {
2490     EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_format_non_standard)
2491                            << LM.toString() << 0,
2492                          getLocationOfByte(LM.getStart()),
2493                          /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2494                          getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen));
2495   }
2496 }
2497 
2498 void CheckFormatHandler::HandleNonStandardConversionSpecifier(
2499     const analyze_format_string::ConversionSpecifier &CS,
2500     const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen) {
2501   using namespace analyze_format_string;
2502 
2503   // See if we know how to fix this conversion specifier.
2504   Optional<ConversionSpecifier> FixedCS = CS.getStandardSpecifier();
2505   if (FixedCS) {
2506     EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_format_non_standard)
2507                           << CS.toString() << /*conversion specifier*/1,
2508                          getLocationOfByte(CS.getStart()),
2509                          /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2510                          getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen));
2511 
2512     CharSourceRange CSRange = getSpecifierRange(CS.getStart(), CS.getLength());
2513     S.Diag(getLocationOfByte(CS.getStart()), diag::note_format_fix_specifier)
2514       << FixedCS->toString()
2515       << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(CSRange, FixedCS->toString());
2516   } else {
2517     EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_format_non_standard)
2518                           << CS.toString() << /*conversion specifier*/1,
2519                          getLocationOfByte(CS.getStart()),
2520                          /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2521                          getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen));
2522   }
2523 }
2524 
2525 void CheckFormatHandler::HandlePosition(const char *startPos,
2526                                         unsigned posLen) {
2527   EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_format_non_standard_positional_arg),
2528                                getLocationOfByte(startPos),
2529                                /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2530                                getSpecifierRange(startPos, posLen));
2531 }
2532 
2533 void
2534 CheckFormatHandler::HandleInvalidPosition(const char *startPos, unsigned posLen,
2535                                      analyze_format_string::PositionContext p) {
2536   EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_format_invalid_positional_specifier)
2537                          << (unsigned) p,
2538                        getLocationOfByte(startPos), /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2539                        getSpecifierRange(startPos, posLen));
2540 }
2541 
2542 void CheckFormatHandler::HandleZeroPosition(const char *startPos,
2543                                             unsigned posLen) {
2544   EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_format_zero_positional_specifier),
2545                                getLocationOfByte(startPos),
2546                                /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2547                                getSpecifierRange(startPos, posLen));
2548 }
2549 
2550 void CheckFormatHandler::HandleNullChar(const char *nullCharacter) {
2551   if (!isa<ObjCStringLiteral>(OrigFormatExpr)) {
2552     // The presence of a null character is likely an error.
2553     EmitFormatDiagnostic(
2554       S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_format_string_contains_null_char),
2555       getLocationOfByte(nullCharacter), /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2556       getFormatStringRange());
2557   }
2558 }
2559 
2560 // Note that this may return NULL if there was an error parsing or building
2561 // one of the argument expressions.
2562 const Expr *CheckFormatHandler::getDataArg(unsigned i) const {
2563   return Args[FirstDataArg + i];
2564 }
2565 
2566 void CheckFormatHandler::DoneProcessing() {
2567     // Does the number of data arguments exceed the number of
2568     // format conversions in the format string?
2569   if (!HasVAListArg) {
2570       // Find any arguments that weren't covered.
2571     CoveredArgs.flip();
2572     signed notCoveredArg = CoveredArgs.find_first();
2573     if (notCoveredArg >= 0) {
2574       assert((unsigned)notCoveredArg < NumDataArgs);
2575       if (const Expr *E = getDataArg((unsigned) notCoveredArg)) {
2576         SourceLocation Loc = E->getLocStart();
2577         if (!S.getSourceManager().isInSystemMacro(Loc)) {
2578           EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_data_arg_not_used),
2579                                Loc, /*IsStringLocation*/false,
2580                                getFormatStringRange());
2581         }
2582       }
2583     }
2584   }
2585 }
2586 
2587 bool
2588 CheckFormatHandler::HandleInvalidConversionSpecifier(unsigned argIndex,
2589                                                      SourceLocation Loc,
2590                                                      const char *startSpec,
2591                                                      unsigned specifierLen,
2592                                                      const char *csStart,
2593                                                      unsigned csLen) {
2594 
2595   bool keepGoing = true;
2596   if (argIndex < NumDataArgs) {
2597     // Consider the argument coverered, even though the specifier doesn't
2598     // make sense.
2599     CoveredArgs.set(argIndex);
2600   }
2601   else {
2602     // If argIndex exceeds the number of data arguments we
2603     // don't issue a warning because that is just a cascade of warnings (and
2604     // they may have intended '%%' anyway). We don't want to continue processing
2605     // the format string after this point, however, as we will like just get
2606     // gibberish when trying to match arguments.
2607     keepGoing = false;
2608   }
2609 
2610   EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_format_invalid_conversion)
2611                          << StringRef(csStart, csLen),
2612                        Loc, /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2613                        getSpecifierRange(startSpec, specifierLen));
2614 
2615   return keepGoing;
2616 }
2617 
2618 void
2619 CheckFormatHandler::HandlePositionalNonpositionalArgs(SourceLocation Loc,
2620                                                       const char *startSpec,
2621                                                       unsigned specifierLen) {
2622   EmitFormatDiagnostic(
2623     S.PDiag(diag::warn_format_mix_positional_nonpositional_args),
2624     Loc, /*isStringLoc*/true, getSpecifierRange(startSpec, specifierLen));
2625 }
2626 
2627 bool
2628 CheckFormatHandler::CheckNumArgs(
2629   const analyze_format_string::FormatSpecifier &FS,
2630   const analyze_format_string::ConversionSpecifier &CS,
2631   const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen, unsigned argIndex) {
2632 
2633   if (argIndex >= NumDataArgs) {
2634     PartialDiagnostic PDiag = FS.usesPositionalArg()
2635       ? (S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_positional_arg_exceeds_data_args)
2636            << (argIndex+1) << NumDataArgs)
2637       : S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_insufficient_data_args);
2638     EmitFormatDiagnostic(
2639       PDiag, getLocationOfByte(CS.getStart()), /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2640       getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen));
2641     return false;
2642   }
2643   return true;
2644 }
2645 
2646 template<typename Range>
2647 void CheckFormatHandler::EmitFormatDiagnostic(PartialDiagnostic PDiag,
2648                                               SourceLocation Loc,
2649                                               bool IsStringLocation,
2650                                               Range StringRange,
2651                                               ArrayRef<FixItHint> FixIt) {
2652   EmitFormatDiagnostic(S, inFunctionCall, Args[FormatIdx], PDiag,
2653                        Loc, IsStringLocation, StringRange, FixIt);
2654 }
2655 
2656 /// \brief If the format string is not within the funcion call, emit a note
2657 /// so that the function call and string are in diagnostic messages.
2658 ///
2659 /// \param InFunctionCall if true, the format string is within the function
2660 /// call and only one diagnostic message will be produced.  Otherwise, an
2661 /// extra note will be emitted pointing to location of the format string.
2662 ///
2663 /// \param ArgumentExpr the expression that is passed as the format string
2664 /// argument in the function call.  Used for getting locations when two
2665 /// diagnostics are emitted.
2666 ///
2667 /// \param PDiag the callee should already have provided any strings for the
2668 /// diagnostic message.  This function only adds locations and fixits
2669 /// to diagnostics.
2670 ///
2671 /// \param Loc primary location for diagnostic.  If two diagnostics are
2672 /// required, one will be at Loc and a new SourceLocation will be created for
2673 /// the other one.
2674 ///
2675 /// \param IsStringLocation if true, Loc points to the format string should be
2676 /// used for the note.  Otherwise, Loc points to the argument list and will
2677 /// be used with PDiag.
2678 ///
2679 /// \param StringRange some or all of the string to highlight.  This is
2680 /// templated so it can accept either a CharSourceRange or a SourceRange.
2681 ///
2682 /// \param FixIt optional fix it hint for the format string.
2683 template<typename Range>
2684 void CheckFormatHandler::EmitFormatDiagnostic(Sema &S, bool InFunctionCall,
2685                                               const Expr *ArgumentExpr,
2686                                               PartialDiagnostic PDiag,
2687                                               SourceLocation Loc,
2688                                               bool IsStringLocation,
2689                                               Range StringRange,
2690                                               ArrayRef<FixItHint> FixIt) {
2691   if (InFunctionCall) {
2692     const Sema::SemaDiagnosticBuilder &D = S.Diag(Loc, PDiag);
2693     D << StringRange;
2694     for (ArrayRef<FixItHint>::iterator I = FixIt.begin(), E = FixIt.end();
2695          I != E; ++I) {
2696       D << *I;
2697     }
2698   } else {
2699     S.Diag(IsStringLocation ? ArgumentExpr->getExprLoc() : Loc, PDiag)
2700       << ArgumentExpr->getSourceRange();
2701 
2702     const Sema::SemaDiagnosticBuilder &Note =
2703       S.Diag(IsStringLocation ? Loc : StringRange.getBegin(),
2704              diag::note_format_string_defined);
2705 
2706     Note << StringRange;
2707     for (ArrayRef<FixItHint>::iterator I = FixIt.begin(), E = FixIt.end();
2708          I != E; ++I) {
2709       Note << *I;
2710     }
2711   }
2712 }
2713 
2714 //===--- CHECK: Printf format string checking ------------------------------===//
2715 
2716 namespace {
2717 class CheckPrintfHandler : public CheckFormatHandler {
2718   bool ObjCContext;
2719 public:
2720   CheckPrintfHandler(Sema &s, const StringLiteral *fexpr,
2721                      const Expr *origFormatExpr, unsigned firstDataArg,
2722                      unsigned numDataArgs, bool isObjC,
2723                      const char *beg, bool hasVAListArg,
2724                      ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args,
2725                      unsigned formatIdx, bool inFunctionCall,
2726                      Sema::VariadicCallType CallType,
2727                      llvm::SmallBitVector &CheckedVarArgs)
2728     : CheckFormatHandler(s, fexpr, origFormatExpr, firstDataArg,
2729                          numDataArgs, beg, hasVAListArg, Args,
2730                          formatIdx, inFunctionCall, CallType, CheckedVarArgs),
2731       ObjCContext(isObjC)
2732   {}
2733 
2734 
2735   bool HandleInvalidPrintfConversionSpecifier(
2736                                       const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
2737                                       const char *startSpecifier,
2738                                       unsigned specifierLen);
2739 
2740   bool HandlePrintfSpecifier(const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
2741                              const char *startSpecifier,
2742                              unsigned specifierLen);
2743   bool checkFormatExpr(const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
2744                        const char *StartSpecifier,
2745                        unsigned SpecifierLen,
2746                        const Expr *E);
2747 
2748   bool HandleAmount(const analyze_format_string::OptionalAmount &Amt, unsigned k,
2749                     const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen);
2750   void HandleInvalidAmount(const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
2751                            const analyze_printf::OptionalAmount &Amt,
2752                            unsigned type,
2753                            const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen);
2754   void HandleFlag(const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
2755                   const analyze_printf::OptionalFlag &flag,
2756                   const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen);
2757   void HandleIgnoredFlag(const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
2758                          const analyze_printf::OptionalFlag &ignoredFlag,
2759                          const analyze_printf::OptionalFlag &flag,
2760                          const char *startSpecifier, unsigned specifierLen);
2761   bool checkForCStrMembers(const analyze_printf::ArgType &AT,
2762                            const Expr *E, const CharSourceRange &CSR);
2763 
2764 };
2765 }
2766 
2767 bool CheckPrintfHandler::HandleInvalidPrintfConversionSpecifier(
2768                                       const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
2769                                       const char *startSpecifier,
2770                                       unsigned specifierLen) {
2771   const analyze_printf::PrintfConversionSpecifier &CS =
2772     FS.getConversionSpecifier();
2773 
2774   return HandleInvalidConversionSpecifier(FS.getArgIndex(),
2775                                           getLocationOfByte(CS.getStart()),
2776                                           startSpecifier, specifierLen,
2777                                           CS.getStart(), CS.getLength());
2778 }
2779 
2780 bool CheckPrintfHandler::HandleAmount(
2781                                const analyze_format_string::OptionalAmount &Amt,
2782                                unsigned k, const char *startSpecifier,
2783                                unsigned specifierLen) {
2784 
2785   if (Amt.hasDataArgument()) {
2786     if (!HasVAListArg) {
2787       unsigned argIndex = Amt.getArgIndex();
2788       if (argIndex >= NumDataArgs) {
2789         EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_asterisk_missing_arg)
2790                                << k,
2791                              getLocationOfByte(Amt.getStart()),
2792                              /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2793                              getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen));
2794         // Don't do any more checking.  We will just emit
2795         // spurious errors.
2796         return false;
2797       }
2798 
2799       // Type check the data argument.  It should be an 'int'.
2800       // Although not in conformance with C99, we also allow the argument to be
2801       // an 'unsigned int' as that is a reasonably safe case.  GCC also
2802       // doesn't emit a warning for that case.
2803       CoveredArgs.set(argIndex);
2804       const Expr *Arg = getDataArg(argIndex);
2805       if (!Arg)
2806         return false;
2807 
2808       QualType T = Arg->getType();
2809 
2810       const analyze_printf::ArgType &AT = Amt.getArgType(S.Context);
2811       assert(AT.isValid());
2812 
2813       if (!AT.matchesType(S.Context, T)) {
2814         EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_asterisk_wrong_type)
2815                                << k << AT.getRepresentativeTypeName(S.Context)
2816                                << T << Arg->getSourceRange(),
2817                              getLocationOfByte(Amt.getStart()),
2818                              /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2819                              getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen));
2820         // Don't do any more checking.  We will just emit
2821         // spurious errors.
2822         return false;
2823       }
2824     }
2825   }
2826   return true;
2827 }
2828 
2829 void CheckPrintfHandler::HandleInvalidAmount(
2830                                       const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
2831                                       const analyze_printf::OptionalAmount &Amt,
2832                                       unsigned type,
2833                                       const char *startSpecifier,
2834                                       unsigned specifierLen) {
2835   const analyze_printf::PrintfConversionSpecifier &CS =
2836     FS.getConversionSpecifier();
2837 
2838   FixItHint fixit =
2839     Amt.getHowSpecified() == analyze_printf::OptionalAmount::Constant
2840       ? FixItHint::CreateRemoval(getSpecifierRange(Amt.getStart(),
2841                                  Amt.getConstantLength()))
2842       : FixItHint();
2843 
2844   EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_nonsensical_optional_amount)
2845                          << type << CS.toString(),
2846                        getLocationOfByte(Amt.getStart()),
2847                        /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2848                        getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen),
2849                        fixit);
2850 }
2851 
2852 void CheckPrintfHandler::HandleFlag(const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
2853                                     const analyze_printf::OptionalFlag &flag,
2854                                     const char *startSpecifier,
2855                                     unsigned specifierLen) {
2856   // Warn about pointless flag with a fixit removal.
2857   const analyze_printf::PrintfConversionSpecifier &CS =
2858     FS.getConversionSpecifier();
2859   EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_nonsensical_flag)
2860                          << flag.toString() << CS.toString(),
2861                        getLocationOfByte(flag.getPosition()),
2862                        /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2863                        getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen),
2864                        FixItHint::CreateRemoval(
2865                          getSpecifierRange(flag.getPosition(), 1)));
2866 }
2867 
2868 void CheckPrintfHandler::HandleIgnoredFlag(
2869                                 const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
2870                                 const analyze_printf::OptionalFlag &ignoredFlag,
2871                                 const analyze_printf::OptionalFlag &flag,
2872                                 const char *startSpecifier,
2873                                 unsigned specifierLen) {
2874   // Warn about ignored flag with a fixit removal.
2875   EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_ignored_flag)
2876                          << ignoredFlag.toString() << flag.toString(),
2877                        getLocationOfByte(ignoredFlag.getPosition()),
2878                        /*IsStringLocation*/true,
2879                        getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen),
2880                        FixItHint::CreateRemoval(
2881                          getSpecifierRange(ignoredFlag.getPosition(), 1)));
2882 }
2883 
2884 // Determines if the specified is a C++ class or struct containing
2885 // a member with the specified name and kind (e.g. a CXXMethodDecl named
2886 // "c_str()").
2887 template<typename MemberKind>
2888 static llvm::SmallPtrSet<MemberKind*, 1>
2889 CXXRecordMembersNamed(StringRef Name, Sema &S, QualType Ty) {
2890   const RecordType *RT = Ty->getAs<RecordType>();
2891   llvm::SmallPtrSet<MemberKind*, 1> Results;
2892 
2893   if (!RT)
2894     return Results;
2895   const CXXRecordDecl *RD = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(RT->getDecl());
2896   if (!RD)
2897     return Results;
2898 
2899   LookupResult R(S, &S.PP.getIdentifierTable().get(Name), SourceLocation(),
2900                  Sema::LookupMemberName);
2901 
2902   // We just need to include all members of the right kind turned up by the
2903   // filter, at this point.
2904   if (S.LookupQualifiedName(R, RT->getDecl()))
2905     for (LookupResult::iterator I = R.begin(), E = R.end(); I != E; ++I) {
2906       NamedDecl *decl = (*I)->getUnderlyingDecl();
2907       if (MemberKind *FK = dyn_cast<MemberKind>(decl))
2908         Results.insert(FK);
2909     }
2910   return Results;
2911 }
2912 
2913 // Check if a (w)string was passed when a (w)char* was needed, and offer a
2914 // better diagnostic if so. AT is assumed to be valid.
2915 // Returns true when a c_str() conversion method is found.
2916 bool CheckPrintfHandler::checkForCStrMembers(
2917     const analyze_printf::ArgType &AT, const Expr *E,
2918     const CharSourceRange &CSR) {
2919   typedef llvm::SmallPtrSet<CXXMethodDecl*, 1> MethodSet;
2920 
2921   MethodSet Results =
2922       CXXRecordMembersNamed<CXXMethodDecl>("c_str", S, E->getType());
2923 
2924   for (MethodSet::iterator MI = Results.begin(), ME = Results.end();
2925        MI != ME; ++MI) {
2926     const CXXMethodDecl *Method = *MI;
2927     if (Method->getNumParams() == 0 &&
2928         AT.matchesType(S.Context, Method->getReturnType())) {
2929       // FIXME: Suggest parens if the expression needs them.
2930       SourceLocation EndLoc =
2931           S.getPreprocessor().getLocForEndOfToken(E->getLocEnd());
2932       S.Diag(E->getLocStart(), diag::note_printf_c_str)
2933           << "c_str()"
2934           << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(EndLoc, ".c_str()");
2935       return true;
2936     }
2937   }
2938 
2939   return false;
2940 }
2941 
2942 bool
2943 CheckPrintfHandler::HandlePrintfSpecifier(const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier
2944                                             &FS,
2945                                           const char *startSpecifier,
2946                                           unsigned specifierLen) {
2947 
2948   using namespace analyze_format_string;
2949   using namespace analyze_printf;
2950   const PrintfConversionSpecifier &CS = FS.getConversionSpecifier();
2951 
2952   if (FS.consumesDataArgument()) {
2953     if (atFirstArg) {
2954         atFirstArg = false;
2955         usesPositionalArgs = FS.usesPositionalArg();
2956     }
2957     else if (usesPositionalArgs != FS.usesPositionalArg()) {
2958       HandlePositionalNonpositionalArgs(getLocationOfByte(CS.getStart()),
2959                                         startSpecifier, specifierLen);
2960       return false;
2961     }
2962   }
2963 
2964   // First check if the field width, precision, and conversion specifier
2965   // have matching data arguments.
2966   if (!HandleAmount(FS.getFieldWidth(), /* field width */ 0,
2967                     startSpecifier, specifierLen)) {
2968     return false;
2969   }
2970 
2971   if (!HandleAmount(FS.getPrecision(), /* precision */ 1,
2972                     startSpecifier, specifierLen)) {
2973     return false;
2974   }
2975 
2976   if (!CS.consumesDataArgument()) {
2977     // FIXME: Technically specifying a precision or field width here
2978     // makes no sense.  Worth issuing a warning at some point.
2979     return true;
2980   }
2981 
2982   // Consume the argument.
2983   unsigned argIndex = FS.getArgIndex();
2984   if (argIndex < NumDataArgs) {
2985     // The check to see if the argIndex is valid will come later.
2986     // We set the bit here because we may exit early from this
2987     // function if we encounter some other error.
2988     CoveredArgs.set(argIndex);
2989   }
2990 
2991   // Check for using an Objective-C specific conversion specifier
2992   // in a non-ObjC literal.
2993   if (!ObjCContext && CS.isObjCArg()) {
2994     return HandleInvalidPrintfConversionSpecifier(FS, startSpecifier,
2995                                                   specifierLen);
2996   }
2997 
2998   // Check for invalid use of field width
2999   if (!FS.hasValidFieldWidth()) {
3000     HandleInvalidAmount(FS, FS.getFieldWidth(), /* field width */ 0,
3001         startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3002   }
3003 
3004   // Check for invalid use of precision
3005   if (!FS.hasValidPrecision()) {
3006     HandleInvalidAmount(FS, FS.getPrecision(), /* precision */ 1,
3007         startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3008   }
3009 
3010   // Check each flag does not conflict with any other component.
3011   if (!FS.hasValidThousandsGroupingPrefix())
3012     HandleFlag(FS, FS.hasThousandsGrouping(), startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3013   if (!FS.hasValidLeadingZeros())
3014     HandleFlag(FS, FS.hasLeadingZeros(), startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3015   if (!FS.hasValidPlusPrefix())
3016     HandleFlag(FS, FS.hasPlusPrefix(), startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3017   if (!FS.hasValidSpacePrefix())
3018     HandleFlag(FS, FS.hasSpacePrefix(), startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3019   if (!FS.hasValidAlternativeForm())
3020     HandleFlag(FS, FS.hasAlternativeForm(), startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3021   if (!FS.hasValidLeftJustified())
3022     HandleFlag(FS, FS.isLeftJustified(), startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3023 
3024   // Check that flags are not ignored by another flag
3025   if (FS.hasSpacePrefix() && FS.hasPlusPrefix()) // ' ' ignored by '+'
3026     HandleIgnoredFlag(FS, FS.hasSpacePrefix(), FS.hasPlusPrefix(),
3027         startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3028   if (FS.hasLeadingZeros() && FS.isLeftJustified()) // '0' ignored by '-'
3029     HandleIgnoredFlag(FS, FS.hasLeadingZeros(), FS.isLeftJustified(),
3030             startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3031 
3032   // Check the length modifier is valid with the given conversion specifier.
3033   if (!FS.hasValidLengthModifier(S.getASTContext().getTargetInfo()))
3034     HandleInvalidLengthModifier(FS, CS, startSpecifier, specifierLen,
3035                                 diag::warn_format_nonsensical_length);
3036   else if (!FS.hasStandardLengthModifier())
3037     HandleNonStandardLengthModifier(FS, startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3038   else if (!FS.hasStandardLengthConversionCombination())
3039     HandleInvalidLengthModifier(FS, CS, startSpecifier, specifierLen,
3040                                 diag::warn_format_non_standard_conversion_spec);
3041 
3042   if (!FS.hasStandardConversionSpecifier(S.getLangOpts()))
3043     HandleNonStandardConversionSpecifier(CS, startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3044 
3045   // The remaining checks depend on the data arguments.
3046   if (HasVAListArg)
3047     return true;
3048 
3049   if (!CheckNumArgs(FS, CS, startSpecifier, specifierLen, argIndex))
3050     return false;
3051 
3052   const Expr *Arg = getDataArg(argIndex);
3053   if (!Arg)
3054     return true;
3055 
3056   return checkFormatExpr(FS, startSpecifier, specifierLen, Arg);
3057 }
3058 
3059 static bool requiresParensToAddCast(const Expr *E) {
3060   // FIXME: We should have a general way to reason about operator
3061   // precedence and whether parens are actually needed here.
3062   // Take care of a few common cases where they aren't.
3063   const Expr *Inside = E->IgnoreImpCasts();
3064   if (const PseudoObjectExpr *POE = dyn_cast<PseudoObjectExpr>(Inside))
3065     Inside = POE->getSyntacticForm()->IgnoreImpCasts();
3066 
3067   switch (Inside->getStmtClass()) {
3068   case Stmt::ArraySubscriptExprClass:
3069   case Stmt::CallExprClass:
3070   case Stmt::CharacterLiteralClass:
3071   case Stmt::CXXBoolLiteralExprClass:
3072   case Stmt::DeclRefExprClass:
3073   case Stmt::FloatingLiteralClass:
3074   case Stmt::IntegerLiteralClass:
3075   case Stmt::MemberExprClass:
3076   case Stmt::ObjCArrayLiteralClass:
3077   case Stmt::ObjCBoolLiteralExprClass:
3078   case Stmt::ObjCBoxedExprClass:
3079   case Stmt::ObjCDictionaryLiteralClass:
3080   case Stmt::ObjCEncodeExprClass:
3081   case Stmt::ObjCIvarRefExprClass:
3082   case Stmt::ObjCMessageExprClass:
3083   case Stmt::ObjCPropertyRefExprClass:
3084   case Stmt::ObjCStringLiteralClass:
3085   case Stmt::ObjCSubscriptRefExprClass:
3086   case Stmt::ParenExprClass:
3087   case Stmt::StringLiteralClass:
3088   case Stmt::UnaryOperatorClass:
3089     return false;
3090   default:
3091     return true;
3092   }
3093 }
3094 
3095 bool
3096 CheckPrintfHandler::checkFormatExpr(const analyze_printf::PrintfSpecifier &FS,
3097                                     const char *StartSpecifier,
3098                                     unsigned SpecifierLen,
3099                                     const Expr *E) {
3100   using namespace analyze_format_string;
3101   using namespace analyze_printf;
3102   // Now type check the data expression that matches the
3103   // format specifier.
3104   const analyze_printf::ArgType &AT = FS.getArgType(S.Context,
3105                                                     ObjCContext);
3106   if (!AT.isValid())
3107     return true;
3108 
3109   QualType ExprTy = E->getType();
3110   while (const TypeOfExprType *TET = dyn_cast<TypeOfExprType>(ExprTy)) {
3111     ExprTy = TET->getUnderlyingExpr()->getType();
3112   }
3113 
3114   if (AT.matchesType(S.Context, ExprTy))
3115     return true;
3116 
3117   // Look through argument promotions for our error message's reported type.
3118   // This includes the integral and floating promotions, but excludes array
3119   // and function pointer decay; seeing that an argument intended to be a
3120   // string has type 'char [6]' is probably more confusing than 'char *'.
3121   if (const ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
3122     if (ICE->getCastKind() == CK_IntegralCast ||
3123         ICE->getCastKind() == CK_FloatingCast) {
3124       E = ICE->getSubExpr();
3125       ExprTy = E->getType();
3126 
3127       // Check if we didn't match because of an implicit cast from a 'char'
3128       // or 'short' to an 'int'.  This is done because printf is a varargs
3129       // function.
3130       if (ICE->getType() == S.Context.IntTy ||
3131           ICE->getType() == S.Context.UnsignedIntTy) {
3132         // All further checking is done on the subexpression.
3133         if (AT.matchesType(S.Context, ExprTy))
3134           return true;
3135       }
3136     }
3137   } else if (const CharacterLiteral *CL = dyn_cast<CharacterLiteral>(E)) {
3138     // Special case for 'a', which has type 'int' in C.
3139     // Note, however, that we do /not/ want to treat multibyte constants like
3140     // 'MooV' as characters! This form is deprecated but still exists.
3141     if (ExprTy == S.Context.IntTy)
3142       if (llvm::isUIntN(S.Context.getCharWidth(), CL->getValue()))
3143         ExprTy = S.Context.CharTy;
3144   }
3145 
3146   // %C in an Objective-C context prints a unichar, not a wchar_t.
3147   // If the argument is an integer of some kind, believe the %C and suggest
3148   // a cast instead of changing the conversion specifier.
3149   QualType IntendedTy = ExprTy;
3150   if (ObjCContext &&
3151       FS.getConversionSpecifier().getKind() == ConversionSpecifier::CArg) {
3152     if (ExprTy->isIntegralOrUnscopedEnumerationType() &&
3153         !ExprTy->isCharType()) {
3154       // 'unichar' is defined as a typedef of unsigned short, but we should
3155       // prefer using the typedef if it is visible.
3156       IntendedTy = S.Context.UnsignedShortTy;
3157 
3158       // While we are here, check if the value is an IntegerLiteral that happens
3159       // to be within the valid range.
3160       if (const IntegerLiteral *IL = dyn_cast<IntegerLiteral>(E)) {
3161         const llvm::APInt &V = IL->getValue();
3162         if (V.getActiveBits() <= S.Context.getTypeSize(IntendedTy))
3163           return true;
3164       }
3165 
3166       LookupResult Result(S, &S.Context.Idents.get("unichar"), E->getLocStart(),
3167                           Sema::LookupOrdinaryName);
3168       if (S.LookupName(Result, S.getCurScope())) {
3169         NamedDecl *ND = Result.getFoundDecl();
3170         if (TypedefNameDecl *TD = dyn_cast<TypedefNameDecl>(ND))
3171           if (TD->getUnderlyingType() == IntendedTy)
3172             IntendedTy = S.Context.getTypedefType(TD);
3173       }
3174     }
3175   }
3176 
3177   // Special-case some of Darwin's platform-independence types by suggesting
3178   // casts to primitive types that are known to be large enough.
3179   bool ShouldNotPrintDirectly = false;
3180   if (S.Context.getTargetInfo().getTriple().isOSDarwin()) {
3181     // Use a 'while' to peel off layers of typedefs.
3182     QualType TyTy = IntendedTy;
3183     while (const TypedefType *UserTy = TyTy->getAs<TypedefType>()) {
3184       StringRef Name = UserTy->getDecl()->getName();
3185       QualType CastTy = llvm::StringSwitch<QualType>(Name)
3186         .Case("NSInteger", S.Context.LongTy)
3187         .Case("NSUInteger", S.Context.UnsignedLongTy)
3188         .Case("SInt32", S.Context.IntTy)
3189         .Case("UInt32", S.Context.UnsignedIntTy)
3190         .Default(QualType());
3191 
3192       if (!CastTy.isNull()) {
3193         ShouldNotPrintDirectly = true;
3194         IntendedTy = CastTy;
3195         break;
3196       }
3197       TyTy = UserTy->desugar();
3198     }
3199   }
3200 
3201   // We may be able to offer a FixItHint if it is a supported type.
3202   PrintfSpecifier fixedFS = FS;
3203   bool success = fixedFS.fixType(IntendedTy, S.getLangOpts(),
3204                                  S.Context, ObjCContext);
3205 
3206   if (success) {
3207     // Get the fix string from the fixed format specifier
3208     SmallString<16> buf;
3209     llvm::raw_svector_ostream os(buf);
3210     fixedFS.toString(os);
3211 
3212     CharSourceRange SpecRange = getSpecifierRange(StartSpecifier, SpecifierLen);
3213 
3214     if (IntendedTy == ExprTy) {
3215       // In this case, the specifier is wrong and should be changed to match
3216       // the argument.
3217       EmitFormatDiagnostic(
3218         S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_conversion_argument_type_mismatch)
3219           << AT.getRepresentativeTypeName(S.Context) << IntendedTy
3220           << E->getSourceRange(),
3221         E->getLocStart(),
3222         /*IsStringLocation*/false,
3223         SpecRange,
3224         FixItHint::CreateReplacement(SpecRange, os.str()));
3225 
3226     } else {
3227       // The canonical type for formatting this value is different from the
3228       // actual type of the expression. (This occurs, for example, with Darwin's
3229       // NSInteger on 32-bit platforms, where it is typedef'd as 'int', but
3230       // should be printed as 'long' for 64-bit compatibility.)
3231       // Rather than emitting a normal format/argument mismatch, we want to
3232       // add a cast to the recommended type (and correct the format string
3233       // if necessary).
3234       SmallString<16> CastBuf;
3235       llvm::raw_svector_ostream CastFix(CastBuf);
3236       CastFix << "(";
3237       IntendedTy.print(CastFix, S.Context.getPrintingPolicy());
3238       CastFix << ")";
3239 
3240       SmallVector<FixItHint,4> Hints;
3241       if (!AT.matchesType(S.Context, IntendedTy))
3242         Hints.push_back(FixItHint::CreateReplacement(SpecRange, os.str()));
3243 
3244       if (const CStyleCastExpr *CCast = dyn_cast<CStyleCastExpr>(E)) {
3245         // If there's already a cast present, just replace it.
3246         SourceRange CastRange(CCast->getLParenLoc(), CCast->getRParenLoc());
3247         Hints.push_back(FixItHint::CreateReplacement(CastRange, CastFix.str()));
3248 
3249       } else if (!requiresParensToAddCast(E)) {
3250         // If the expression has high enough precedence,
3251         // just write the C-style cast.
3252         Hints.push_back(FixItHint::CreateInsertion(E->getLocStart(),
3253                                                    CastFix.str()));
3254       } else {
3255         // Otherwise, add parens around the expression as well as the cast.
3256         CastFix << "(";
3257         Hints.push_back(FixItHint::CreateInsertion(E->getLocStart(),
3258                                                    CastFix.str()));
3259 
3260         SourceLocation After = S.PP.getLocForEndOfToken(E->getLocEnd());
3261         Hints.push_back(FixItHint::CreateInsertion(After, ")"));
3262       }
3263 
3264       if (ShouldNotPrintDirectly) {
3265         // The expression has a type that should not be printed directly.
3266         // We extract the name from the typedef because we don't want to show
3267         // the underlying type in the diagnostic.
3268         StringRef Name = cast<TypedefType>(ExprTy)->getDecl()->getName();
3269 
3270         EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_format_argument_needs_cast)
3271                                << Name << IntendedTy
3272                                << E->getSourceRange(),
3273                              E->getLocStart(), /*IsStringLocation=*/false,
3274                              SpecRange, Hints);
3275       } else {
3276         // In this case, the expression could be printed using a different
3277         // specifier, but we've decided that the specifier is probably correct
3278         // and we should cast instead. Just use the normal warning message.
3279         EmitFormatDiagnostic(
3280           S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_conversion_argument_type_mismatch)
3281             << AT.getRepresentativeTypeName(S.Context) << ExprTy
3282             << E->getSourceRange(),
3283           E->getLocStart(), /*IsStringLocation*/false,
3284           SpecRange, Hints);
3285       }
3286     }
3287   } else {
3288     const CharSourceRange &CSR = getSpecifierRange(StartSpecifier,
3289                                                    SpecifierLen);
3290     // Since the warning for passing non-POD types to variadic functions
3291     // was deferred until now, we emit a warning for non-POD
3292     // arguments here.
3293     switch (S.isValidVarArgType(ExprTy)) {
3294     case Sema::VAK_Valid:
3295     case Sema::VAK_ValidInCXX11:
3296       EmitFormatDiagnostic(
3297         S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_conversion_argument_type_mismatch)
3298           << AT.getRepresentativeTypeName(S.Context) << ExprTy
3299           << CSR
3300           << E->getSourceRange(),
3301         E->getLocStart(), /*IsStringLocation*/false, CSR);
3302       break;
3303 
3304     case Sema::VAK_Undefined:
3305       EmitFormatDiagnostic(
3306         S.PDiag(diag::warn_non_pod_vararg_with_format_string)
3307           << S.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus11
3308           << ExprTy
3309           << CallType
3310           << AT.getRepresentativeTypeName(S.Context)
3311           << CSR
3312           << E->getSourceRange(),
3313         E->getLocStart(), /*IsStringLocation*/false, CSR);
3314       checkForCStrMembers(AT, E, CSR);
3315       break;
3316 
3317     case Sema::VAK_Invalid:
3318       if (ExprTy->isObjCObjectType())
3319         EmitFormatDiagnostic(
3320           S.PDiag(diag::err_cannot_pass_objc_interface_to_vararg_format)
3321             << S.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus11
3322             << ExprTy
3323             << CallType
3324             << AT.getRepresentativeTypeName(S.Context)
3325             << CSR
3326             << E->getSourceRange(),
3327           E->getLocStart(), /*IsStringLocation*/false, CSR);
3328       else
3329         // FIXME: If this is an initializer list, suggest removing the braces
3330         // or inserting a cast to the target type.
3331         S.Diag(E->getLocStart(), diag::err_cannot_pass_to_vararg_format)
3332           << isa<InitListExpr>(E) << ExprTy << CallType
3333           << AT.getRepresentativeTypeName(S.Context)
3334           << E->getSourceRange();
3335       break;
3336     }
3337 
3338     assert(FirstDataArg + FS.getArgIndex() < CheckedVarArgs.size() &&
3339            "format string specifier index out of range");
3340     CheckedVarArgs[FirstDataArg + FS.getArgIndex()] = true;
3341   }
3342 
3343   return true;
3344 }
3345 
3346 //===--- CHECK: Scanf format string checking ------------------------------===//
3347 
3348 namespace {
3349 class CheckScanfHandler : public CheckFormatHandler {
3350 public:
3351   CheckScanfHandler(Sema &s, const StringLiteral *fexpr,
3352                     const Expr *origFormatExpr, unsigned firstDataArg,
3353                     unsigned numDataArgs, const char *beg, bool hasVAListArg,
3354                     ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args,
3355                     unsigned formatIdx, bool inFunctionCall,
3356                     Sema::VariadicCallType CallType,
3357                     llvm::SmallBitVector &CheckedVarArgs)
3358     : CheckFormatHandler(s, fexpr, origFormatExpr, firstDataArg,
3359                          numDataArgs, beg, hasVAListArg,
3360                          Args, formatIdx, inFunctionCall, CallType,
3361                          CheckedVarArgs)
3362   {}
3363 
3364   bool HandleScanfSpecifier(const analyze_scanf::ScanfSpecifier &FS,
3365                             const char *startSpecifier,
3366                             unsigned specifierLen);
3367 
3368   bool HandleInvalidScanfConversionSpecifier(
3369           const analyze_scanf::ScanfSpecifier &FS,
3370           const char *startSpecifier,
3371           unsigned specifierLen);
3372 
3373   void HandleIncompleteScanList(const char *start, const char *end);
3374 };
3375 }
3376 
3377 void CheckScanfHandler::HandleIncompleteScanList(const char *start,
3378                                                  const char *end) {
3379   EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_scanf_scanlist_incomplete),
3380                        getLocationOfByte(end), /*IsStringLocation*/true,
3381                        getSpecifierRange(start, end - start));
3382 }
3383 
3384 bool CheckScanfHandler::HandleInvalidScanfConversionSpecifier(
3385                                         const analyze_scanf::ScanfSpecifier &FS,
3386                                         const char *startSpecifier,
3387                                         unsigned specifierLen) {
3388 
3389   const analyze_scanf::ScanfConversionSpecifier &CS =
3390     FS.getConversionSpecifier();
3391 
3392   return HandleInvalidConversionSpecifier(FS.getArgIndex(),
3393                                           getLocationOfByte(CS.getStart()),
3394                                           startSpecifier, specifierLen,
3395                                           CS.getStart(), CS.getLength());
3396 }
3397 
3398 bool CheckScanfHandler::HandleScanfSpecifier(
3399                                        const analyze_scanf::ScanfSpecifier &FS,
3400                                        const char *startSpecifier,
3401                                        unsigned specifierLen) {
3402 
3403   using namespace analyze_scanf;
3404   using namespace analyze_format_string;
3405 
3406   const ScanfConversionSpecifier &CS = FS.getConversionSpecifier();
3407 
3408   // Handle case where '%' and '*' don't consume an argument.  These shouldn't
3409   // be used to decide if we are using positional arguments consistently.
3410   if (FS.consumesDataArgument()) {
3411     if (atFirstArg) {
3412       atFirstArg = false;
3413       usesPositionalArgs = FS.usesPositionalArg();
3414     }
3415     else if (usesPositionalArgs != FS.usesPositionalArg()) {
3416       HandlePositionalNonpositionalArgs(getLocationOfByte(CS.getStart()),
3417                                         startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3418       return false;
3419     }
3420   }
3421 
3422   // Check if the field with is non-zero.
3423   const OptionalAmount &Amt = FS.getFieldWidth();
3424   if (Amt.getHowSpecified() == OptionalAmount::Constant) {
3425     if (Amt.getConstantAmount() == 0) {
3426       const CharSourceRange &R = getSpecifierRange(Amt.getStart(),
3427                                                    Amt.getConstantLength());
3428       EmitFormatDiagnostic(S.PDiag(diag::warn_scanf_nonzero_width),
3429                            getLocationOfByte(Amt.getStart()),
3430                            /*IsStringLocation*/true, R,
3431                            FixItHint::CreateRemoval(R));
3432     }
3433   }
3434 
3435   if (!FS.consumesDataArgument()) {
3436     // FIXME: Technically specifying a precision or field width here
3437     // makes no sense.  Worth issuing a warning at some point.
3438     return true;
3439   }
3440 
3441   // Consume the argument.
3442   unsigned argIndex = FS.getArgIndex();
3443   if (argIndex < NumDataArgs) {
3444       // The check to see if the argIndex is valid will come later.
3445       // We set the bit here because we may exit early from this
3446       // function if we encounter some other error.
3447     CoveredArgs.set(argIndex);
3448   }
3449 
3450   // Check the length modifier is valid with the given conversion specifier.
3451   if (!FS.hasValidLengthModifier(S.getASTContext().getTargetInfo()))
3452     HandleInvalidLengthModifier(FS, CS, startSpecifier, specifierLen,
3453                                 diag::warn_format_nonsensical_length);
3454   else if (!FS.hasStandardLengthModifier())
3455     HandleNonStandardLengthModifier(FS, startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3456   else if (!FS.hasStandardLengthConversionCombination())
3457     HandleInvalidLengthModifier(FS, CS, startSpecifier, specifierLen,
3458                                 diag::warn_format_non_standard_conversion_spec);
3459 
3460   if (!FS.hasStandardConversionSpecifier(S.getLangOpts()))
3461     HandleNonStandardConversionSpecifier(CS, startSpecifier, specifierLen);
3462 
3463   // The remaining checks depend on the data arguments.
3464   if (HasVAListArg)
3465     return true;
3466 
3467   if (!CheckNumArgs(FS, CS, startSpecifier, specifierLen, argIndex))
3468     return false;
3469 
3470   // Check that the argument type matches the format specifier.
3471   const Expr *Ex = getDataArg(argIndex);
3472   if (!Ex)
3473     return true;
3474 
3475   const analyze_format_string::ArgType &AT = FS.getArgType(S.Context);
3476   if (AT.isValid() && !AT.matchesType(S.Context, Ex->getType())) {
3477     ScanfSpecifier fixedFS = FS;
3478     bool success = fixedFS.fixType(Ex->getType(), S.getLangOpts(),
3479                                    S.Context);
3480 
3481     if (success) {
3482       // Get the fix string from the fixed format specifier.
3483       SmallString<128> buf;
3484       llvm::raw_svector_ostream os(buf);
3485       fixedFS.toString(os);
3486 
3487       EmitFormatDiagnostic(
3488         S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_conversion_argument_type_mismatch)
3489           << AT.getRepresentativeTypeName(S.Context) << Ex->getType()
3490           << Ex->getSourceRange(),
3491         Ex->getLocStart(),
3492         /*IsStringLocation*/false,
3493         getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen),
3494         FixItHint::CreateReplacement(
3495           getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen),
3496           os.str()));
3497     } else {
3498       EmitFormatDiagnostic(
3499         S.PDiag(diag::warn_printf_conversion_argument_type_mismatch)
3500           << AT.getRepresentativeTypeName(S.Context) << Ex->getType()
3501           << Ex->getSourceRange(),
3502         Ex->getLocStart(),
3503         /*IsStringLocation*/false,
3504         getSpecifierRange(startSpecifier, specifierLen));
3505     }
3506   }
3507 
3508   return true;
3509 }
3510 
3511 void Sema::CheckFormatString(const StringLiteral *FExpr,
3512                              const Expr *OrigFormatExpr,
3513                              ArrayRef<const Expr *> Args,
3514                              bool HasVAListArg, unsigned format_idx,
3515                              unsigned firstDataArg, FormatStringType Type,
3516                              bool inFunctionCall, VariadicCallType CallType,
3517                              llvm::SmallBitVector &CheckedVarArgs) {
3518 
3519   // CHECK: is the format string a wide literal?
3520   if (!FExpr->isAscii() && !FExpr->isUTF8()) {
3521     CheckFormatHandler::EmitFormatDiagnostic(
3522       *this, inFunctionCall, Args[format_idx],
3523       PDiag(diag::warn_format_string_is_wide_literal), FExpr->getLocStart(),
3524       /*IsStringLocation*/true, OrigFormatExpr->getSourceRange());
3525     return;
3526   }
3527 
3528   // Str - The format string.  NOTE: this is NOT null-terminated!
3529   StringRef StrRef = FExpr->getString();
3530   const char *Str = StrRef.data();
3531   unsigned StrLen = StrRef.size();
3532   const unsigned numDataArgs = Args.size() - firstDataArg;
3533 
3534   // CHECK: empty format string?
3535   if (StrLen == 0 && numDataArgs > 0) {
3536     CheckFormatHandler::EmitFormatDiagnostic(
3537       *this, inFunctionCall, Args[format_idx],
3538       PDiag(diag::warn_empty_format_string), FExpr->getLocStart(),
3539       /*IsStringLocation*/true, OrigFormatExpr->getSourceRange());
3540     return;
3541   }
3542 
3543   if (Type == FST_Printf || Type == FST_NSString) {
3544     CheckPrintfHandler H(*this, FExpr, OrigFormatExpr, firstDataArg,
3545                          numDataArgs, (Type == FST_NSString),
3546                          Str, HasVAListArg, Args, format_idx,
3547                          inFunctionCall, CallType, CheckedVarArgs);
3548 
3549     if (!analyze_format_string::ParsePrintfString(H, Str, Str + StrLen,
3550                                                   getLangOpts(),
3551                                                   Context.getTargetInfo()))
3552       H.DoneProcessing();
3553   } else if (Type == FST_Scanf) {
3554     CheckScanfHandler H(*this, FExpr, OrigFormatExpr, firstDataArg, numDataArgs,
3555                         Str, HasVAListArg, Args, format_idx,
3556                         inFunctionCall, CallType, CheckedVarArgs);
3557 
3558     if (!analyze_format_string::ParseScanfString(H, Str, Str + StrLen,
3559                                                  getLangOpts(),
3560                                                  Context.getTargetInfo()))
3561       H.DoneProcessing();
3562   } // TODO: handle other formats
3563 }
3564 
3565 //===--- CHECK: Standard memory functions ---------------------------------===//
3566 
3567 /// \brief Takes the expression passed to the size_t parameter of functions
3568 /// such as memcmp, strncat, etc and warns if it's a comparison.
3569 ///
3570 /// This is to catch typos like `if (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(a) > 0))`.
3571 static bool CheckMemorySizeofForComparison(Sema &S, const Expr *E,
3572                                            IdentifierInfo *FnName,
3573                                            SourceLocation FnLoc,
3574                                            SourceLocation RParenLoc) {
3575   const BinaryOperator *Size = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(E);
3576   if (!Size)
3577     return false;
3578 
3579   // if E is binop and op is >, <, >=, <=, ==, &&, ||:
3580   if (!Size->isComparisonOp() && !Size->isEqualityOp() && !Size->isLogicalOp())
3581     return false;
3582 
3583   Preprocessor &PP = S.getPreprocessor();
3584   SourceRange SizeRange = Size->getSourceRange();
3585   S.Diag(Size->getOperatorLoc(), diag::warn_memsize_comparison)
3586       << SizeRange << FnName;
3587   S.Diag(FnLoc, diag::warn_memsize_comparison_paren_note)
3588       << FnName
3589       << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(
3590              PP.getLocForEndOfToken(Size->getLHS()->getLocEnd()),
3591              ")")
3592       << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(RParenLoc);
3593   S.Diag(SizeRange.getBegin(), diag::warn_memsize_comparison_cast_note)
3594       << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(SizeRange.getBegin(), "(size_t)(")
3595       << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(
3596              PP.getLocForEndOfToken(SizeRange.getEnd()), ")");
3597 
3598   return true;
3599 }
3600 
3601 /// \brief Determine whether the given type is a dynamic class type (e.g.,
3602 /// whether it has a vtable).
3603 static bool isDynamicClassType(QualType T) {
3604   if (CXXRecordDecl *Record = T->getAsCXXRecordDecl())
3605     if (CXXRecordDecl *Definition = Record->getDefinition())
3606       if (Definition->isDynamicClass())
3607         return true;
3608 
3609   return false;
3610 }
3611 
3612 /// \brief If E is a sizeof expression, returns its argument expression,
3613 /// otherwise returns NULL.
3614 static const Expr *getSizeOfExprArg(const Expr* E) {
3615   if (const UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr *SizeOf =
3616       dyn_cast<UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr>(E))
3617     if (SizeOf->getKind() == clang::UETT_SizeOf && !SizeOf->isArgumentType())
3618       return SizeOf->getArgumentExpr()->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
3619 
3620   return 0;
3621 }
3622 
3623 /// \brief If E is a sizeof expression, returns its argument type.
3624 static QualType getSizeOfArgType(const Expr* E) {
3625   if (const UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr *SizeOf =
3626       dyn_cast<UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr>(E))
3627     if (SizeOf->getKind() == clang::UETT_SizeOf)
3628       return SizeOf->getTypeOfArgument();
3629 
3630   return QualType();
3631 }
3632 
3633 /// \brief Check for dangerous or invalid arguments to memset().
3634 ///
3635 /// This issues warnings on known problematic, dangerous or unspecified
3636 /// arguments to the standard 'memset', 'memcpy', 'memmove', and 'memcmp'
3637 /// function calls.
3638 ///
3639 /// \param Call The call expression to diagnose.
3640 void Sema::CheckMemaccessArguments(const CallExpr *Call,
3641                                    unsigned BId,
3642                                    IdentifierInfo *FnName) {
3643   assert(BId != 0);
3644 
3645   // It is possible to have a non-standard definition of memset.  Validate
3646   // we have enough arguments, and if not, abort further checking.
3647   unsigned ExpectedNumArgs = (BId == Builtin::BIstrndup ? 2 : 3);
3648   if (Call->getNumArgs() < ExpectedNumArgs)
3649     return;
3650 
3651   unsigned LastArg = (BId == Builtin::BImemset ||
3652                       BId == Builtin::BIstrndup ? 1 : 2);
3653   unsigned LenArg = (BId == Builtin::BIstrndup ? 1 : 2);
3654   const Expr *LenExpr = Call->getArg(LenArg)->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
3655 
3656   if (CheckMemorySizeofForComparison(*this, LenExpr, FnName,
3657                                      Call->getLocStart(), Call->getRParenLoc()))
3658     return;
3659 
3660   // We have special checking when the length is a sizeof expression.
3661   QualType SizeOfArgTy = getSizeOfArgType(LenExpr);
3662   const Expr *SizeOfArg = getSizeOfExprArg(LenExpr);
3663   llvm::FoldingSetNodeID SizeOfArgID;
3664 
3665   for (unsigned ArgIdx = 0; ArgIdx != LastArg; ++ArgIdx) {
3666     const Expr *Dest = Call->getArg(ArgIdx)->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
3667     SourceRange ArgRange = Call->getArg(ArgIdx)->getSourceRange();
3668 
3669     QualType DestTy = Dest->getType();
3670     if (const PointerType *DestPtrTy = DestTy->getAs<PointerType>()) {
3671       QualType PointeeTy = DestPtrTy->getPointeeType();
3672 
3673       // Never warn about void type pointers. This can be used to suppress
3674       // false positives.
3675       if (PointeeTy->isVoidType())
3676         continue;
3677 
3678       // Catch "memset(p, 0, sizeof(p))" -- needs to be sizeof(*p). Do this by
3679       // actually comparing the expressions for equality. Because computing the
3680       // expression IDs can be expensive, we only do this if the diagnostic is
3681       // enabled.
3682       if (SizeOfArg &&
3683           Diags.getDiagnosticLevel(diag::warn_sizeof_pointer_expr_memaccess,
3684                                    SizeOfArg->getExprLoc())) {
3685         // We only compute IDs for expressions if the warning is enabled, and
3686         // cache the sizeof arg's ID.
3687         if (SizeOfArgID == llvm::FoldingSetNodeID())
3688           SizeOfArg->Profile(SizeOfArgID, Context, true);
3689         llvm::FoldingSetNodeID DestID;
3690         Dest->Profile(DestID, Context, true);
3691         if (DestID == SizeOfArgID) {
3692           // TODO: For strncpy() and friends, this could suggest sizeof(dst)
3693           //       over sizeof(src) as well.
3694           unsigned ActionIdx = 0; // Default is to suggest dereferencing.
3695           StringRef ReadableName = FnName->getName();
3696 
3697           if (const UnaryOperator *UnaryOp = dyn_cast<UnaryOperator>(Dest))
3698             if (UnaryOp->getOpcode() == UO_AddrOf)
3699               ActionIdx = 1; // If its an address-of operator, just remove it.
3700           if (!PointeeTy->isIncompleteType() &&
3701               (Context.getTypeSize(PointeeTy) == Context.getCharWidth()))
3702             ActionIdx = 2; // If the pointee's size is sizeof(char),
3703                            // suggest an explicit length.
3704 
3705           // If the function is defined as a builtin macro, do not show macro
3706           // expansion.
3707           SourceLocation SL = SizeOfArg->getExprLoc();
3708           SourceRange DSR = Dest->getSourceRange();
3709           SourceRange SSR = SizeOfArg->getSourceRange();
3710           SourceManager &SM  = PP.getSourceManager();
3711 
3712           if (SM.isMacroArgExpansion(SL)) {
3713             ReadableName = Lexer::getImmediateMacroName(SL, SM, LangOpts);
3714             SL = SM.getSpellingLoc(SL);
3715             DSR = SourceRange(SM.getSpellingLoc(DSR.getBegin()),
3716                              SM.getSpellingLoc(DSR.getEnd()));
3717             SSR = SourceRange(SM.getSpellingLoc(SSR.getBegin()),
3718                              SM.getSpellingLoc(SSR.getEnd()));
3719           }
3720 
3721           DiagRuntimeBehavior(SL, SizeOfArg,
3722                               PDiag(diag::warn_sizeof_pointer_expr_memaccess)
3723                                 << ReadableName
3724                                 << PointeeTy
3725                                 << DestTy
3726                                 << DSR
3727                                 << SSR);
3728           DiagRuntimeBehavior(SL, SizeOfArg,
3729                          PDiag(diag::warn_sizeof_pointer_expr_memaccess_note)
3730                                 << ActionIdx
3731                                 << SSR);
3732 
3733           break;
3734         }
3735       }
3736 
3737       // Also check for cases where the sizeof argument is the exact same
3738       // type as the memory argument, and where it points to a user-defined
3739       // record type.
3740       if (SizeOfArgTy != QualType()) {
3741         if (PointeeTy->isRecordType() &&
3742             Context.typesAreCompatible(SizeOfArgTy, DestTy)) {
3743           DiagRuntimeBehavior(LenExpr->getExprLoc(), Dest,
3744                               PDiag(diag::warn_sizeof_pointer_type_memaccess)
3745                                 << FnName << SizeOfArgTy << ArgIdx
3746                                 << PointeeTy << Dest->getSourceRange()
3747                                 << LenExpr->getSourceRange());
3748           break;
3749         }
3750       }
3751 
3752       // Always complain about dynamic classes.
3753       if (isDynamicClassType(PointeeTy)) {
3754 
3755         unsigned OperationType = 0;
3756         // "overwritten" if we're warning about the destination for any call
3757         // but memcmp; otherwise a verb appropriate to the call.
3758         if (ArgIdx != 0 || BId == Builtin::BImemcmp) {
3759           if (BId == Builtin::BImemcpy)
3760             OperationType = 1;
3761           else if(BId == Builtin::BImemmove)
3762             OperationType = 2;
3763           else if (BId == Builtin::BImemcmp)
3764             OperationType = 3;
3765         }
3766 
3767         DiagRuntimeBehavior(
3768           Dest->getExprLoc(), Dest,
3769           PDiag(diag::warn_dyn_class_memaccess)
3770             << (BId == Builtin::BImemcmp ? ArgIdx + 2 : ArgIdx)
3771             << FnName << PointeeTy
3772             << OperationType
3773             << Call->getCallee()->getSourceRange());
3774       } else if (PointeeTy.hasNonTrivialObjCLifetime() &&
3775                BId != Builtin::BImemset)
3776         DiagRuntimeBehavior(
3777           Dest->getExprLoc(), Dest,
3778           PDiag(diag::warn_arc_object_memaccess)
3779             << ArgIdx << FnName << PointeeTy
3780             << Call->getCallee()->getSourceRange());
3781       else
3782         continue;
3783 
3784       DiagRuntimeBehavior(
3785         Dest->getExprLoc(), Dest,
3786         PDiag(diag::note_bad_memaccess_silence)
3787           << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(ArgRange.getBegin(), "(void*)"));
3788       break;
3789     }
3790   }
3791 }
3792 
3793 // A little helper routine: ignore addition and subtraction of integer literals.
3794 // This intentionally does not ignore all integer constant expressions because
3795 // we don't want to remove sizeof().
3796 static const Expr *ignoreLiteralAdditions(const Expr *Ex, ASTContext &Ctx) {
3797   Ex = Ex->IgnoreParenCasts();
3798 
3799   for (;;) {
3800     const BinaryOperator * BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(Ex);
3801     if (!BO || !BO->isAdditiveOp())
3802       break;
3803 
3804     const Expr *RHS = BO->getRHS()->IgnoreParenCasts();
3805     const Expr *LHS = BO->getLHS()->IgnoreParenCasts();
3806 
3807     if (isa<IntegerLiteral>(RHS))
3808       Ex = LHS;
3809     else if (isa<IntegerLiteral>(LHS))
3810       Ex = RHS;
3811     else
3812       break;
3813   }
3814 
3815   return Ex;
3816 }
3817 
3818 static bool isConstantSizeArrayWithMoreThanOneElement(QualType Ty,
3819                                                       ASTContext &Context) {
3820   // Only handle constant-sized or VLAs, but not flexible members.
3821   if (const ConstantArrayType *CAT = Context.getAsConstantArrayType(Ty)) {
3822     // Only issue the FIXIT for arrays of size > 1.
3823     if (CAT->getSize().getSExtValue() <= 1)
3824       return false;
3825   } else if (!Ty->isVariableArrayType()) {
3826     return false;
3827   }
3828   return true;
3829 }
3830 
3831 // Warn if the user has made the 'size' argument to strlcpy or strlcat
3832 // be the size of the source, instead of the destination.
3833 void Sema::CheckStrlcpycatArguments(const CallExpr *Call,
3834                                     IdentifierInfo *FnName) {
3835 
3836   // Don't crash if the user has the wrong number of arguments
3837   if (Call->getNumArgs() != 3)
3838     return;
3839 
3840   const Expr *SrcArg = ignoreLiteralAdditions(Call->getArg(1), Context);
3841   const Expr *SizeArg = ignoreLiteralAdditions(Call->getArg(2), Context);
3842   const Expr *CompareWithSrc = NULL;
3843 
3844   if (CheckMemorySizeofForComparison(*this, SizeArg, FnName,
3845                                      Call->getLocStart(), Call->getRParenLoc()))
3846     return;
3847 
3848   // Look for 'strlcpy(dst, x, sizeof(x))'
3849   if (const Expr *Ex = getSizeOfExprArg(SizeArg))
3850     CompareWithSrc = Ex;
3851   else {
3852     // Look for 'strlcpy(dst, x, strlen(x))'
3853     if (const CallExpr *SizeCall = dyn_cast<CallExpr>(SizeArg)) {
3854       if (SizeCall->getBuiltinCallee() == Builtin::BIstrlen &&
3855           SizeCall->getNumArgs() == 1)
3856         CompareWithSrc = ignoreLiteralAdditions(SizeCall->getArg(0), Context);
3857     }
3858   }
3859 
3860   if (!CompareWithSrc)
3861     return;
3862 
3863   // Determine if the argument to sizeof/strlen is equal to the source
3864   // argument.  In principle there's all kinds of things you could do
3865   // here, for instance creating an == expression and evaluating it with
3866   // EvaluateAsBooleanCondition, but this uses a more direct technique:
3867   const DeclRefExpr *SrcArgDRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(SrcArg);
3868   if (!SrcArgDRE)
3869     return;
3870 
3871   const DeclRefExpr *CompareWithSrcDRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(CompareWithSrc);
3872   if (!CompareWithSrcDRE ||
3873       SrcArgDRE->getDecl() != CompareWithSrcDRE->getDecl())
3874     return;
3875 
3876   const Expr *OriginalSizeArg = Call->getArg(2);
3877   Diag(CompareWithSrcDRE->getLocStart(), diag::warn_strlcpycat_wrong_size)
3878     << OriginalSizeArg->getSourceRange() << FnName;
3879 
3880   // Output a FIXIT hint if the destination is an array (rather than a
3881   // pointer to an array).  This could be enhanced to handle some
3882   // pointers if we know the actual size, like if DstArg is 'array+2'
3883   // we could say 'sizeof(array)-2'.
3884   const Expr *DstArg = Call->getArg(0)->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
3885   if (!isConstantSizeArrayWithMoreThanOneElement(DstArg->getType(), Context))
3886     return;
3887 
3888   SmallString<128> sizeString;
3889   llvm::raw_svector_ostream OS(sizeString);
3890   OS << "sizeof(";
3891   DstArg->printPretty(OS, 0, getPrintingPolicy());
3892   OS << ")";
3893 
3894   Diag(OriginalSizeArg->getLocStart(), diag::note_strlcpycat_wrong_size)
3895     << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(OriginalSizeArg->getSourceRange(),
3896                                     OS.str());
3897 }
3898 
3899 /// Check if two expressions refer to the same declaration.
3900 static bool referToTheSameDecl(const Expr *E1, const Expr *E2) {
3901   if (const DeclRefExpr *D1 = dyn_cast_or_null<DeclRefExpr>(E1))
3902     if (const DeclRefExpr *D2 = dyn_cast_or_null<DeclRefExpr>(E2))
3903       return D1->getDecl() == D2->getDecl();
3904   return false;
3905 }
3906 
3907 static const Expr *getStrlenExprArg(const Expr *E) {
3908   if (const CallExpr *CE = dyn_cast<CallExpr>(E)) {
3909     const FunctionDecl *FD = CE->getDirectCallee();
3910     if (!FD || FD->getMemoryFunctionKind() != Builtin::BIstrlen)
3911       return 0;
3912     return CE->getArg(0)->IgnoreParenCasts();
3913   }
3914   return 0;
3915 }
3916 
3917 // Warn on anti-patterns as the 'size' argument to strncat.
3918 // The correct size argument should look like following:
3919 //   strncat(dst, src, sizeof(dst) - strlen(dest) - 1);
3920 void Sema::CheckStrncatArguments(const CallExpr *CE,
3921                                  IdentifierInfo *FnName) {
3922   // Don't crash if the user has the wrong number of arguments.
3923   if (CE->getNumArgs() < 3)
3924     return;
3925   const Expr *DstArg = CE->getArg(0)->IgnoreParenCasts();
3926   const Expr *SrcArg = CE->getArg(1)->IgnoreParenCasts();
3927   const Expr *LenArg = CE->getArg(2)->IgnoreParenCasts();
3928 
3929   if (CheckMemorySizeofForComparison(*this, LenArg, FnName, CE->getLocStart(),
3930                                      CE->getRParenLoc()))
3931     return;
3932 
3933   // Identify common expressions, which are wrongly used as the size argument
3934   // to strncat and may lead to buffer overflows.
3935   unsigned PatternType = 0;
3936   if (const Expr *SizeOfArg = getSizeOfExprArg(LenArg)) {
3937     // - sizeof(dst)
3938     if (referToTheSameDecl(SizeOfArg, DstArg))
3939       PatternType = 1;
3940     // - sizeof(src)
3941     else if (referToTheSameDecl(SizeOfArg, SrcArg))
3942       PatternType = 2;
3943   } else if (const BinaryOperator *BE = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(LenArg)) {
3944     if (BE->getOpcode() == BO_Sub) {
3945       const Expr *L = BE->getLHS()->IgnoreParenCasts();
3946       const Expr *R = BE->getRHS()->IgnoreParenCasts();
3947       // - sizeof(dst) - strlen(dst)
3948       if (referToTheSameDecl(DstArg, getSizeOfExprArg(L)) &&
3949           referToTheSameDecl(DstArg, getStrlenExprArg(R)))
3950         PatternType = 1;
3951       // - sizeof(src) - (anything)
3952       else if (referToTheSameDecl(SrcArg, getSizeOfExprArg(L)))
3953         PatternType = 2;
3954     }
3955   }
3956 
3957   if (PatternType == 0)
3958     return;
3959 
3960   // Generate the diagnostic.
3961   SourceLocation SL = LenArg->getLocStart();
3962   SourceRange SR = LenArg->getSourceRange();
3963   SourceManager &SM  = PP.getSourceManager();
3964 
3965   // If the function is defined as a builtin macro, do not show macro expansion.
3966   if (SM.isMacroArgExpansion(SL)) {
3967     SL = SM.getSpellingLoc(SL);
3968     SR = SourceRange(SM.getSpellingLoc(SR.getBegin()),
3969                      SM.getSpellingLoc(SR.getEnd()));
3970   }
3971 
3972   // Check if the destination is an array (rather than a pointer to an array).
3973   QualType DstTy = DstArg->getType();
3974   bool isKnownSizeArray = isConstantSizeArrayWithMoreThanOneElement(DstTy,
3975                                                                     Context);
3976   if (!isKnownSizeArray) {
3977     if (PatternType == 1)
3978       Diag(SL, diag::warn_strncat_wrong_size) << SR;
3979     else
3980       Diag(SL, diag::warn_strncat_src_size) << SR;
3981     return;
3982   }
3983 
3984   if (PatternType == 1)
3985     Diag(SL, diag::warn_strncat_large_size) << SR;
3986   else
3987     Diag(SL, diag::warn_strncat_src_size) << SR;
3988 
3989   SmallString<128> sizeString;
3990   llvm::raw_svector_ostream OS(sizeString);
3991   OS << "sizeof(";
3992   DstArg->printPretty(OS, 0, getPrintingPolicy());
3993   OS << ") - ";
3994   OS << "strlen(";
3995   DstArg->printPretty(OS, 0, getPrintingPolicy());
3996   OS << ") - 1";
3997 
3998   Diag(SL, diag::note_strncat_wrong_size)
3999     << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(SR, OS.str());
4000 }
4001 
4002 //===--- CHECK: Return Address of Stack Variable --------------------------===//
4003 
4004 static Expr *EvalVal(Expr *E, SmallVectorImpl<DeclRefExpr *> &refVars,
4005                      Decl *ParentDecl);
4006 static Expr *EvalAddr(Expr* E, SmallVectorImpl<DeclRefExpr *> &refVars,
4007                       Decl *ParentDecl);
4008 
4009 /// CheckReturnStackAddr - Check if a return statement returns the address
4010 ///   of a stack variable.
4011 static void
4012 CheckReturnStackAddr(Sema &S, Expr *RetValExp, QualType lhsType,
4013                      SourceLocation ReturnLoc) {
4014 
4015   Expr *stackE = 0;
4016   SmallVector<DeclRefExpr *, 8> refVars;
4017 
4018   // Perform checking for returned stack addresses, local blocks,
4019   // label addresses or references to temporaries.
4020   if (lhsType->isPointerType() ||
4021       (!S.getLangOpts().ObjCAutoRefCount && lhsType->isBlockPointerType())) {
4022     stackE = EvalAddr(RetValExp, refVars, /*ParentDecl=*/0);
4023   } else if (lhsType->isReferenceType()) {
4024     stackE = EvalVal(RetValExp, refVars, /*ParentDecl=*/0);
4025   }
4026 
4027   if (stackE == 0)
4028     return; // Nothing suspicious was found.
4029 
4030   SourceLocation diagLoc;
4031   SourceRange diagRange;
4032   if (refVars.empty()) {
4033     diagLoc = stackE->getLocStart();
4034     diagRange = stackE->getSourceRange();
4035   } else {
4036     // We followed through a reference variable. 'stackE' contains the
4037     // problematic expression but we will warn at the return statement pointing
4038     // at the reference variable. We will later display the "trail" of
4039     // reference variables using notes.
4040     diagLoc = refVars[0]->getLocStart();
4041     diagRange = refVars[0]->getSourceRange();
4042   }
4043 
4044   if (DeclRefExpr *DR = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(stackE)) { //address of local var.
4045     S.Diag(diagLoc, lhsType->isReferenceType() ? diag::warn_ret_stack_ref
4046                                              : diag::warn_ret_stack_addr)
4047      << DR->getDecl()->getDeclName() << diagRange;
4048   } else if (isa<BlockExpr>(stackE)) { // local block.
4049     S.Diag(diagLoc, diag::err_ret_local_block) << diagRange;
4050   } else if (isa<AddrLabelExpr>(stackE)) { // address of label.
4051     S.Diag(diagLoc, diag::warn_ret_addr_label) << diagRange;
4052   } else { // local temporary.
4053     S.Diag(diagLoc, lhsType->isReferenceType() ? diag::warn_ret_local_temp_ref
4054                                                : diag::warn_ret_local_temp_addr)
4055      << diagRange;
4056   }
4057 
4058   // Display the "trail" of reference variables that we followed until we
4059   // found the problematic expression using notes.
4060   for (unsigned i = 0, e = refVars.size(); i != e; ++i) {
4061     VarDecl *VD = cast<VarDecl>(refVars[i]->getDecl());
4062     // If this var binds to another reference var, show the range of the next
4063     // var, otherwise the var binds to the problematic expression, in which case
4064     // show the range of the expression.
4065     SourceRange range = (i < e-1) ? refVars[i+1]->getSourceRange()
4066                                   : stackE->getSourceRange();
4067     S.Diag(VD->getLocation(), diag::note_ref_var_local_bind)
4068         << VD->getDeclName() << range;
4069   }
4070 }
4071 
4072 /// EvalAddr - EvalAddr and EvalVal are mutually recursive functions that
4073 ///  check if the expression in a return statement evaluates to an address
4074 ///  to a location on the stack, a local block, an address of a label, or a
4075 ///  reference to local temporary. The recursion is used to traverse the
4076 ///  AST of the return expression, with recursion backtracking when we
4077 ///  encounter a subexpression that (1) clearly does not lead to one of the
4078 ///  above problematic expressions (2) is something we cannot determine leads to
4079 ///  a problematic expression based on such local checking.
4080 ///
4081 ///  Both EvalAddr and EvalVal follow through reference variables to evaluate
4082 ///  the expression that they point to. Such variables are added to the
4083 ///  'refVars' vector so that we know what the reference variable "trail" was.
4084 ///
4085 ///  EvalAddr processes expressions that are pointers that are used as
4086 ///  references (and not L-values).  EvalVal handles all other values.
4087 ///  At the base case of the recursion is a check for the above problematic
4088 ///  expressions.
4089 ///
4090 ///  This implementation handles:
4091 ///
4092 ///   * pointer-to-pointer casts
4093 ///   * implicit conversions from array references to pointers
4094 ///   * taking the address of fields
4095 ///   * arbitrary interplay between "&" and "*" operators
4096 ///   * pointer arithmetic from an address of a stack variable
4097 ///   * taking the address of an array element where the array is on the stack
4098 static Expr *EvalAddr(Expr *E, SmallVectorImpl<DeclRefExpr *> &refVars,
4099                       Decl *ParentDecl) {
4100   if (E->isTypeDependent())
4101     return NULL;
4102 
4103   // We should only be called for evaluating pointer expressions.
4104   assert((E->getType()->isAnyPointerType() ||
4105           E->getType()->isBlockPointerType() ||
4106           E->getType()->isObjCQualifiedIdType()) &&
4107          "EvalAddr only works on pointers");
4108 
4109   E = E->IgnoreParens();
4110 
4111   // Our "symbolic interpreter" is just a dispatch off the currently
4112   // viewed AST node.  We then recursively traverse the AST by calling
4113   // EvalAddr and EvalVal appropriately.
4114   switch (E->getStmtClass()) {
4115   case Stmt::DeclRefExprClass: {
4116     DeclRefExpr *DR = cast<DeclRefExpr>(E);
4117 
4118     // If we leave the immediate function, the lifetime isn't about to end.
4119     if (DR->refersToEnclosingLocal())
4120       return 0;
4121 
4122     if (VarDecl *V = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(DR->getDecl()))
4123       // If this is a reference variable, follow through to the expression that
4124       // it points to.
4125       if (V->hasLocalStorage() &&
4126           V->getType()->isReferenceType() && V->hasInit()) {
4127         // Add the reference variable to the "trail".
4128         refVars.push_back(DR);
4129         return EvalAddr(V->getInit(), refVars, ParentDecl);
4130       }
4131 
4132     return NULL;
4133   }
4134 
4135   case Stmt::UnaryOperatorClass: {
4136     // The only unary operator that make sense to handle here
4137     // is AddrOf.  All others don't make sense as pointers.
4138     UnaryOperator *U = cast<UnaryOperator>(E);
4139 
4140     if (U->getOpcode() == UO_AddrOf)
4141       return EvalVal(U->getSubExpr(), refVars, ParentDecl);
4142     else
4143       return NULL;
4144   }
4145 
4146   case Stmt::BinaryOperatorClass: {
4147     // Handle pointer arithmetic.  All other binary operators are not valid
4148     // in this context.
4149     BinaryOperator *B = cast<BinaryOperator>(E);
4150     BinaryOperatorKind op = B->getOpcode();
4151 
4152     if (op != BO_Add && op != BO_Sub)
4153       return NULL;
4154 
4155     Expr *Base = B->getLHS();
4156 
4157     // Determine which argument is the real pointer base.  It could be
4158     // the RHS argument instead of the LHS.
4159     if (!Base->getType()->isPointerType()) Base = B->getRHS();
4160 
4161     assert (Base->getType()->isPointerType());
4162     return EvalAddr(Base, refVars, ParentDecl);
4163   }
4164 
4165   // For conditional operators we need to see if either the LHS or RHS are
4166   // valid DeclRefExpr*s.  If one of them is valid, we return it.
4167   case Stmt::ConditionalOperatorClass: {
4168     ConditionalOperator *C = cast<ConditionalOperator>(E);
4169 
4170     // Handle the GNU extension for missing LHS.
4171     // FIXME: That isn't a ConditionalOperator, so doesn't get here.
4172     if (Expr *LHSExpr = C->getLHS()) {
4173       // In C++, we can have a throw-expression, which has 'void' type.
4174       if (!LHSExpr->getType()->isVoidType())
4175         if (Expr *LHS = EvalAddr(LHSExpr, refVars, ParentDecl))
4176           return LHS;
4177     }
4178 
4179     // In C++, we can have a throw-expression, which has 'void' type.
4180     if (C->getRHS()->getType()->isVoidType())
4181       return 0;
4182 
4183     return EvalAddr(C->getRHS(), refVars, ParentDecl);
4184   }
4185 
4186   case Stmt::BlockExprClass:
4187     if (cast<BlockExpr>(E)->getBlockDecl()->hasCaptures())
4188       return E; // local block.
4189     return NULL;
4190 
4191   case Stmt::AddrLabelExprClass:
4192     return E; // address of label.
4193 
4194   case Stmt::ExprWithCleanupsClass:
4195     return EvalAddr(cast<ExprWithCleanups>(E)->getSubExpr(), refVars,
4196                     ParentDecl);
4197 
4198   // For casts, we need to handle conversions from arrays to
4199   // pointer values, and pointer-to-pointer conversions.
4200   case Stmt::ImplicitCastExprClass:
4201   case Stmt::CStyleCastExprClass:
4202   case Stmt::CXXFunctionalCastExprClass:
4203   case Stmt::ObjCBridgedCastExprClass:
4204   case Stmt::CXXStaticCastExprClass:
4205   case Stmt::CXXDynamicCastExprClass:
4206   case Stmt::CXXConstCastExprClass:
4207   case Stmt::CXXReinterpretCastExprClass: {
4208     Expr* SubExpr = cast<CastExpr>(E)->getSubExpr();
4209     switch (cast<CastExpr>(E)->getCastKind()) {
4210     case CK_BitCast:
4211     case CK_LValueToRValue:
4212     case CK_NoOp:
4213     case CK_BaseToDerived:
4214     case CK_DerivedToBase:
4215     case CK_UncheckedDerivedToBase:
4216     case CK_Dynamic:
4217     case CK_CPointerToObjCPointerCast:
4218     case CK_BlockPointerToObjCPointerCast:
4219     case CK_AnyPointerToBlockPointerCast:
4220       return EvalAddr(SubExpr, refVars, ParentDecl);
4221 
4222     case CK_ArrayToPointerDecay:
4223       return EvalVal(SubExpr, refVars, ParentDecl);
4224 
4225     default:
4226       return 0;
4227     }
4228   }
4229 
4230   case Stmt::MaterializeTemporaryExprClass:
4231     if (Expr *Result = EvalAddr(
4232                          cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(E)->GetTemporaryExpr(),
4233                                 refVars, ParentDecl))
4234       return Result;
4235 
4236     return E;
4237 
4238   // Everything else: we simply don't reason about them.
4239   default:
4240     return NULL;
4241   }
4242 }
4243 
4244 
4245 ///  EvalVal - This function is complements EvalAddr in the mutual recursion.
4246 ///   See the comments for EvalAddr for more details.
4247 static Expr *EvalVal(Expr *E, SmallVectorImpl<DeclRefExpr *> &refVars,
4248                      Decl *ParentDecl) {
4249 do {
4250   // We should only be called for evaluating non-pointer expressions, or
4251   // expressions with a pointer type that are not used as references but instead
4252   // are l-values (e.g., DeclRefExpr with a pointer type).
4253 
4254   // Our "symbolic interpreter" is just a dispatch off the currently
4255   // viewed AST node.  We then recursively traverse the AST by calling
4256   // EvalAddr and EvalVal appropriately.
4257 
4258   E = E->IgnoreParens();
4259   switch (E->getStmtClass()) {
4260   case Stmt::ImplicitCastExprClass: {
4261     ImplicitCastExpr *IE = cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E);
4262     if (IE->getValueKind() == VK_LValue) {
4263       E = IE->getSubExpr();
4264       continue;
4265     }
4266     return NULL;
4267   }
4268 
4269   case Stmt::ExprWithCleanupsClass:
4270     return EvalVal(cast<ExprWithCleanups>(E)->getSubExpr(), refVars,ParentDecl);
4271 
4272   case Stmt::DeclRefExprClass: {
4273     // When we hit a DeclRefExpr we are looking at code that refers to a
4274     // variable's name. If it's not a reference variable we check if it has
4275     // local storage within the function, and if so, return the expression.
4276     DeclRefExpr *DR = cast<DeclRefExpr>(E);
4277 
4278     // If we leave the immediate function, the lifetime isn't about to end.
4279     if (DR->refersToEnclosingLocal())
4280       return 0;
4281 
4282     if (VarDecl *V = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(DR->getDecl())) {
4283       // Check if it refers to itself, e.g. "int& i = i;".
4284       if (V == ParentDecl)
4285         return DR;
4286 
4287       if (V->hasLocalStorage()) {
4288         if (!V->getType()->isReferenceType())
4289           return DR;
4290 
4291         // Reference variable, follow through to the expression that
4292         // it points to.
4293         if (V->hasInit()) {
4294           // Add the reference variable to the "trail".
4295           refVars.push_back(DR);
4296           return EvalVal(V->getInit(), refVars, V);
4297         }
4298       }
4299     }
4300 
4301     return NULL;
4302   }
4303 
4304   case Stmt::UnaryOperatorClass: {
4305     // The only unary operator that make sense to handle here
4306     // is Deref.  All others don't resolve to a "name."  This includes
4307     // handling all sorts of rvalues passed to a unary operator.
4308     UnaryOperator *U = cast<UnaryOperator>(E);
4309 
4310     if (U->getOpcode() == UO_Deref)
4311       return EvalAddr(U->getSubExpr(), refVars, ParentDecl);
4312 
4313     return NULL;
4314   }
4315 
4316   case Stmt::ArraySubscriptExprClass: {
4317     // Array subscripts are potential references to data on the stack.  We
4318     // retrieve the DeclRefExpr* for the array variable if it indeed
4319     // has local storage.
4320     return EvalAddr(cast<ArraySubscriptExpr>(E)->getBase(), refVars,ParentDecl);
4321   }
4322 
4323   case Stmt::ConditionalOperatorClass: {
4324     // For conditional operators we need to see if either the LHS or RHS are
4325     // non-NULL Expr's.  If one is non-NULL, we return it.
4326     ConditionalOperator *C = cast<ConditionalOperator>(E);
4327 
4328     // Handle the GNU extension for missing LHS.
4329     if (Expr *LHSExpr = C->getLHS()) {
4330       // In C++, we can have a throw-expression, which has 'void' type.
4331       if (!LHSExpr->getType()->isVoidType())
4332         if (Expr *LHS = EvalVal(LHSExpr, refVars, ParentDecl))
4333           return LHS;
4334     }
4335 
4336     // In C++, we can have a throw-expression, which has 'void' type.
4337     if (C->getRHS()->getType()->isVoidType())
4338       return 0;
4339 
4340     return EvalVal(C->getRHS(), refVars, ParentDecl);
4341   }
4342 
4343   // Accesses to members are potential references to data on the stack.
4344   case Stmt::MemberExprClass: {
4345     MemberExpr *M = cast<MemberExpr>(E);
4346 
4347     // Check for indirect access.  We only want direct field accesses.
4348     if (M->isArrow())
4349       return NULL;
4350 
4351     // Check whether the member type is itself a reference, in which case
4352     // we're not going to refer to the member, but to what the member refers to.
4353     if (M->getMemberDecl()->getType()->isReferenceType())
4354       return NULL;
4355 
4356     return EvalVal(M->getBase(), refVars, ParentDecl);
4357   }
4358 
4359   case Stmt::MaterializeTemporaryExprClass:
4360     if (Expr *Result = EvalVal(
4361                           cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(E)->GetTemporaryExpr(),
4362                                refVars, ParentDecl))
4363       return Result;
4364 
4365     return E;
4366 
4367   default:
4368     // Check that we don't return or take the address of a reference to a
4369     // temporary. This is only useful in C++.
4370     if (!E->isTypeDependent() && E->isRValue())
4371       return E;
4372 
4373     // Everything else: we simply don't reason about them.
4374     return NULL;
4375   }
4376 } while (true);
4377 }
4378 
4379 void
4380 Sema::CheckReturnValExpr(Expr *RetValExp, QualType lhsType,
4381                          SourceLocation ReturnLoc,
4382                          bool isObjCMethod,
4383                          const AttrVec *Attrs,
4384                          const FunctionDecl *FD) {
4385   CheckReturnStackAddr(*this, RetValExp, lhsType, ReturnLoc);
4386 
4387   // Check if the return value is null but should not be.
4388   if (Attrs)
4389     for (specific_attr_iterator<ReturnsNonNullAttr>
4390           I = specific_attr_iterator<ReturnsNonNullAttr>(Attrs->begin()),
4391           E = specific_attr_iterator<ReturnsNonNullAttr>(Attrs->end());
4392           I != E; ++I) {
4393       if (CheckNonNullExpr(*this, RetValExp))
4394         Diag(ReturnLoc, diag::warn_null_ret)
4395           << (isObjCMethod ? 1 : 0) << RetValExp->getSourceRange();
4396       break;
4397     }
4398 
4399   // C++11 [basic.stc.dynamic.allocation]p4:
4400   //   If an allocation function declared with a non-throwing
4401   //   exception-specification fails to allocate storage, it shall return
4402   //   a null pointer. Any other allocation function that fails to allocate
4403   //   storage shall indicate failure only by throwing an exception [...]
4404   if (FD) {
4405     OverloadedOperatorKind Op = FD->getOverloadedOperator();
4406     if (Op == OO_New || Op == OO_Array_New) {
4407       const FunctionProtoType *Proto
4408         = FD->getType()->castAs<FunctionProtoType>();
4409       if (!Proto->isNothrow(Context, /*ResultIfDependent*/true) &&
4410           CheckNonNullExpr(*this, RetValExp))
4411         Diag(ReturnLoc, diag::warn_operator_new_returns_null)
4412           << FD << getLangOpts().CPlusPlus11;
4413     }
4414   }
4415 }
4416 
4417 //===--- CHECK: Floating-Point comparisons (-Wfloat-equal) ---------------===//
4418 
4419 /// Check for comparisons of floating point operands using != and ==.
4420 /// Issue a warning if these are no self-comparisons, as they are not likely
4421 /// to do what the programmer intended.
4422 void Sema::CheckFloatComparison(SourceLocation Loc, Expr* LHS, Expr *RHS) {
4423   Expr* LeftExprSansParen = LHS->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
4424   Expr* RightExprSansParen = RHS->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
4425 
4426   // Special case: check for x == x (which is OK).
4427   // Do not emit warnings for such cases.
4428   if (DeclRefExpr* DRL = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(LeftExprSansParen))
4429     if (DeclRefExpr* DRR = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(RightExprSansParen))
4430       if (DRL->getDecl() == DRR->getDecl())
4431         return;
4432 
4433 
4434   // Special case: check for comparisons against literals that can be exactly
4435   //  represented by APFloat.  In such cases, do not emit a warning.  This
4436   //  is a heuristic: often comparison against such literals are used to
4437   //  detect if a value in a variable has not changed.  This clearly can
4438   //  lead to false negatives.
4439   if (FloatingLiteral* FLL = dyn_cast<FloatingLiteral>(LeftExprSansParen)) {
4440     if (FLL->isExact())
4441       return;
4442   } else
4443     if (FloatingLiteral* FLR = dyn_cast<FloatingLiteral>(RightExprSansParen))
4444       if (FLR->isExact())
4445         return;
4446 
4447   // Check for comparisons with builtin types.
4448   if (CallExpr* CL = dyn_cast<CallExpr>(LeftExprSansParen))
4449     if (CL->getBuiltinCallee())
4450       return;
4451 
4452   if (CallExpr* CR = dyn_cast<CallExpr>(RightExprSansParen))
4453     if (CR->getBuiltinCallee())
4454       return;
4455 
4456   // Emit the diagnostic.
4457   Diag(Loc, diag::warn_floatingpoint_eq)
4458     << LHS->getSourceRange() << RHS->getSourceRange();
4459 }
4460 
4461 //===--- CHECK: Integer mixed-sign comparisons (-Wsign-compare) --------===//
4462 //===--- CHECK: Lossy implicit conversions (-Wconversion) --------------===//
4463 
4464 namespace {
4465 
4466 /// Structure recording the 'active' range of an integer-valued
4467 /// expression.
4468 struct IntRange {
4469   /// The number of bits active in the int.
4470   unsigned Width;
4471 
4472   /// True if the int is known not to have negative values.
4473   bool NonNegative;
4474 
4475   IntRange(unsigned Width, bool NonNegative)
4476     : Width(Width), NonNegative(NonNegative)
4477   {}
4478 
4479   /// Returns the range of the bool type.
4480   static IntRange forBoolType() {
4481     return IntRange(1, true);
4482   }
4483 
4484   /// Returns the range of an opaque value of the given integral type.
4485   static IntRange forValueOfType(ASTContext &C, QualType T) {
4486     return forValueOfCanonicalType(C,
4487                           T->getCanonicalTypeInternal().getTypePtr());
4488   }
4489 
4490   /// Returns the range of an opaque value of a canonical integral type.
4491   static IntRange forValueOfCanonicalType(ASTContext &C, const Type *T) {
4492     assert(T->isCanonicalUnqualified());
4493 
4494     if (const VectorType *VT = dyn_cast<VectorType>(T))
4495       T = VT->getElementType().getTypePtr();
4496     if (const ComplexType *CT = dyn_cast<ComplexType>(T))
4497       T = CT->getElementType().getTypePtr();
4498 
4499     // For enum types, use the known bit width of the enumerators.
4500     if (const EnumType *ET = dyn_cast<EnumType>(T)) {
4501       EnumDecl *Enum = ET->getDecl();
4502       if (!Enum->isCompleteDefinition())
4503         return IntRange(C.getIntWidth(QualType(T, 0)), false);
4504 
4505       unsigned NumPositive = Enum->getNumPositiveBits();
4506       unsigned NumNegative = Enum->getNumNegativeBits();
4507 
4508       if (NumNegative == 0)
4509         return IntRange(NumPositive, true/*NonNegative*/);
4510       else
4511         return IntRange(std::max(NumPositive + 1, NumNegative),
4512                         false/*NonNegative*/);
4513     }
4514 
4515     const BuiltinType *BT = cast<BuiltinType>(T);
4516     assert(BT->isInteger());
4517 
4518     return IntRange(C.getIntWidth(QualType(T, 0)), BT->isUnsignedInteger());
4519   }
4520 
4521   /// Returns the "target" range of a canonical integral type, i.e.
4522   /// the range of values expressible in the type.
4523   ///
4524   /// This matches forValueOfCanonicalType except that enums have the
4525   /// full range of their type, not the range of their enumerators.
4526   static IntRange forTargetOfCanonicalType(ASTContext &C, const Type *T) {
4527     assert(T->isCanonicalUnqualified());
4528 
4529     if (const VectorType *VT = dyn_cast<VectorType>(T))
4530       T = VT->getElementType().getTypePtr();
4531     if (const ComplexType *CT = dyn_cast<ComplexType>(T))
4532       T = CT->getElementType().getTypePtr();
4533     if (const EnumType *ET = dyn_cast<EnumType>(T))
4534       T = C.getCanonicalType(ET->getDecl()->getIntegerType()).getTypePtr();
4535 
4536     const BuiltinType *BT = cast<BuiltinType>(T);
4537     assert(BT->isInteger());
4538 
4539     return IntRange(C.getIntWidth(QualType(T, 0)), BT->isUnsignedInteger());
4540   }
4541 
4542   /// Returns the supremum of two ranges: i.e. their conservative merge.
4543   static IntRange join(IntRange L, IntRange R) {
4544     return IntRange(std::max(L.Width, R.Width),
4545                     L.NonNegative && R.NonNegative);
4546   }
4547 
4548   /// Returns the infinum of two ranges: i.e. their aggressive merge.
4549   static IntRange meet(IntRange L, IntRange R) {
4550     return IntRange(std::min(L.Width, R.Width),
4551                     L.NonNegative || R.NonNegative);
4552   }
4553 };
4554 
4555 static IntRange GetValueRange(ASTContext &C, llvm::APSInt &value,
4556                               unsigned MaxWidth) {
4557   if (value.isSigned() && value.isNegative())
4558     return IntRange(value.getMinSignedBits(), false);
4559 
4560   if (value.getBitWidth() > MaxWidth)
4561     value = value.trunc(MaxWidth);
4562 
4563   // isNonNegative() just checks the sign bit without considering
4564   // signedness.
4565   return IntRange(value.getActiveBits(), true);
4566 }
4567 
4568 static IntRange GetValueRange(ASTContext &C, APValue &result, QualType Ty,
4569                               unsigned MaxWidth) {
4570   if (result.isInt())
4571     return GetValueRange(C, result.getInt(), MaxWidth);
4572 
4573   if (result.isVector()) {
4574     IntRange R = GetValueRange(C, result.getVectorElt(0), Ty, MaxWidth);
4575     for (unsigned i = 1, e = result.getVectorLength(); i != e; ++i) {
4576       IntRange El = GetValueRange(C, result.getVectorElt(i), Ty, MaxWidth);
4577       R = IntRange::join(R, El);
4578     }
4579     return R;
4580   }
4581 
4582   if (result.isComplexInt()) {
4583     IntRange R = GetValueRange(C, result.getComplexIntReal(), MaxWidth);
4584     IntRange I = GetValueRange(C, result.getComplexIntImag(), MaxWidth);
4585     return IntRange::join(R, I);
4586   }
4587 
4588   // This can happen with lossless casts to intptr_t of "based" lvalues.
4589   // Assume it might use arbitrary bits.
4590   // FIXME: The only reason we need to pass the type in here is to get
4591   // the sign right on this one case.  It would be nice if APValue
4592   // preserved this.
4593   assert(result.isLValue() || result.isAddrLabelDiff());
4594   return IntRange(MaxWidth, Ty->isUnsignedIntegerOrEnumerationType());
4595 }
4596 
4597 static QualType GetExprType(Expr *E) {
4598   QualType Ty = E->getType();
4599   if (const AtomicType *AtomicRHS = Ty->getAs<AtomicType>())
4600     Ty = AtomicRHS->getValueType();
4601   return Ty;
4602 }
4603 
4604 /// Pseudo-evaluate the given integer expression, estimating the
4605 /// range of values it might take.
4606 ///
4607 /// \param MaxWidth - the width to which the value will be truncated
4608 static IntRange GetExprRange(ASTContext &C, Expr *E, unsigned MaxWidth) {
4609   E = E->IgnoreParens();
4610 
4611   // Try a full evaluation first.
4612   Expr::EvalResult result;
4613   if (E->EvaluateAsRValue(result, C))
4614     return GetValueRange(C, result.Val, GetExprType(E), MaxWidth);
4615 
4616   // I think we only want to look through implicit casts here; if the
4617   // user has an explicit widening cast, we should treat the value as
4618   // being of the new, wider type.
4619   if (ImplicitCastExpr *CE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
4620     if (CE->getCastKind() == CK_NoOp || CE->getCastKind() == CK_LValueToRValue)
4621       return GetExprRange(C, CE->getSubExpr(), MaxWidth);
4622 
4623     IntRange OutputTypeRange = IntRange::forValueOfType(C, GetExprType(CE));
4624 
4625     bool isIntegerCast = (CE->getCastKind() == CK_IntegralCast);
4626 
4627     // Assume that non-integer casts can span the full range of the type.
4628     if (!isIntegerCast)
4629       return OutputTypeRange;
4630 
4631     IntRange SubRange
4632       = GetExprRange(C, CE->getSubExpr(),
4633                      std::min(MaxWidth, OutputTypeRange.Width));
4634 
4635     // Bail out if the subexpr's range is as wide as the cast type.
4636     if (SubRange.Width >= OutputTypeRange.Width)
4637       return OutputTypeRange;
4638 
4639     // Otherwise, we take the smaller width, and we're non-negative if
4640     // either the output type or the subexpr is.
4641     return IntRange(SubRange.Width,
4642                     SubRange.NonNegative || OutputTypeRange.NonNegative);
4643   }
4644 
4645   if (ConditionalOperator *CO = dyn_cast<ConditionalOperator>(E)) {
4646     // If we can fold the condition, just take that operand.
4647     bool CondResult;
4648     if (CO->getCond()->EvaluateAsBooleanCondition(CondResult, C))
4649       return GetExprRange(C, CondResult ? CO->getTrueExpr()
4650                                         : CO->getFalseExpr(),
4651                           MaxWidth);
4652 
4653     // Otherwise, conservatively merge.
4654     IntRange L = GetExprRange(C, CO->getTrueExpr(), MaxWidth);
4655     IntRange R = GetExprRange(C, CO->getFalseExpr(), MaxWidth);
4656     return IntRange::join(L, R);
4657   }
4658 
4659   if (BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(E)) {
4660     switch (BO->getOpcode()) {
4661 
4662     // Boolean-valued operations are single-bit and positive.
4663     case BO_LAnd:
4664     case BO_LOr:
4665     case BO_LT:
4666     case BO_GT:
4667     case BO_LE:
4668     case BO_GE:
4669     case BO_EQ:
4670     case BO_NE:
4671       return IntRange::forBoolType();
4672 
4673     // The type of the assignments is the type of the LHS, so the RHS
4674     // is not necessarily the same type.
4675     case BO_MulAssign:
4676     case BO_DivAssign:
4677     case BO_RemAssign:
4678     case BO_AddAssign:
4679     case BO_SubAssign:
4680     case BO_XorAssign:
4681     case BO_OrAssign:
4682       // TODO: bitfields?
4683       return IntRange::forValueOfType(C, GetExprType(E));
4684 
4685     // Simple assignments just pass through the RHS, which will have
4686     // been coerced to the LHS type.
4687     case BO_Assign:
4688       // TODO: bitfields?
4689       return GetExprRange(C, BO->getRHS(), MaxWidth);
4690 
4691     // Operations with opaque sources are black-listed.
4692     case BO_PtrMemD:
4693     case BO_PtrMemI:
4694       return IntRange::forValueOfType(C, GetExprType(E));
4695 
4696     // Bitwise-and uses the *infinum* of the two source ranges.
4697     case BO_And:
4698     case BO_AndAssign:
4699       return IntRange::meet(GetExprRange(C, BO->getLHS(), MaxWidth),
4700                             GetExprRange(C, BO->getRHS(), MaxWidth));
4701 
4702     // Left shift gets black-listed based on a judgement call.
4703     case BO_Shl:
4704       // ...except that we want to treat '1 << (blah)' as logically
4705       // positive.  It's an important idiom.
4706       if (IntegerLiteral *I
4707             = dyn_cast<IntegerLiteral>(BO->getLHS()->IgnoreParenCasts())) {
4708         if (I->getValue() == 1) {
4709           IntRange R = IntRange::forValueOfType(C, GetExprType(E));
4710           return IntRange(R.Width, /*NonNegative*/ true);
4711         }
4712       }
4713       // fallthrough
4714 
4715     case BO_ShlAssign:
4716       return IntRange::forValueOfType(C, GetExprType(E));
4717 
4718     // Right shift by a constant can narrow its left argument.
4719     case BO_Shr:
4720     case BO_ShrAssign: {
4721       IntRange L = GetExprRange(C, BO->getLHS(), MaxWidth);
4722 
4723       // If the shift amount is a positive constant, drop the width by
4724       // that much.
4725       llvm::APSInt shift;
4726       if (BO->getRHS()->isIntegerConstantExpr(shift, C) &&
4727           shift.isNonNegative()) {
4728         unsigned zext = shift.getZExtValue();
4729         if (zext >= L.Width)
4730           L.Width = (L.NonNegative ? 0 : 1);
4731         else
4732           L.Width -= zext;
4733       }
4734 
4735       return L;
4736     }
4737 
4738     // Comma acts as its right operand.
4739     case BO_Comma:
4740       return GetExprRange(C, BO->getRHS(), MaxWidth);
4741 
4742     // Black-list pointer subtractions.
4743     case BO_Sub:
4744       if (BO->getLHS()->getType()->isPointerType())
4745         return IntRange::forValueOfType(C, GetExprType(E));
4746       break;
4747 
4748     // The width of a division result is mostly determined by the size
4749     // of the LHS.
4750     case BO_Div: {
4751       // Don't 'pre-truncate' the operands.
4752       unsigned opWidth = C.getIntWidth(GetExprType(E));
4753       IntRange L = GetExprRange(C, BO->getLHS(), opWidth);
4754 
4755       // If the divisor is constant, use that.
4756       llvm::APSInt divisor;
4757       if (BO->getRHS()->isIntegerConstantExpr(divisor, C)) {
4758         unsigned log2 = divisor.logBase2(); // floor(log_2(divisor))
4759         if (log2 >= L.Width)
4760           L.Width = (L.NonNegative ? 0 : 1);
4761         else
4762           L.Width = std::min(L.Width - log2, MaxWidth);
4763         return L;
4764       }
4765 
4766       // Otherwise, just use the LHS's width.
4767       IntRange R = GetExprRange(C, BO->getRHS(), opWidth);
4768       return IntRange(L.Width, L.NonNegative && R.NonNegative);
4769     }
4770 
4771     // The result of a remainder can't be larger than the result of
4772     // either side.
4773     case BO_Rem: {
4774       // Don't 'pre-truncate' the operands.
4775       unsigned opWidth = C.getIntWidth(GetExprType(E));
4776       IntRange L = GetExprRange(C, BO->getLHS(), opWidth);
4777       IntRange R = GetExprRange(C, BO->getRHS(), opWidth);
4778 
4779       IntRange meet = IntRange::meet(L, R);
4780       meet.Width = std::min(meet.Width, MaxWidth);
4781       return meet;
4782     }
4783 
4784     // The default behavior is okay for these.
4785     case BO_Mul:
4786     case BO_Add:
4787     case BO_Xor:
4788     case BO_Or:
4789       break;
4790     }
4791 
4792     // The default case is to treat the operation as if it were closed
4793     // on the narrowest type that encompasses both operands.
4794     IntRange L = GetExprRange(C, BO->getLHS(), MaxWidth);
4795     IntRange R = GetExprRange(C, BO->getRHS(), MaxWidth);
4796     return IntRange::join(L, R);
4797   }
4798 
4799   if (UnaryOperator *UO = dyn_cast<UnaryOperator>(E)) {
4800     switch (UO->getOpcode()) {
4801     // Boolean-valued operations are white-listed.
4802     case UO_LNot:
4803       return IntRange::forBoolType();
4804 
4805     // Operations with opaque sources are black-listed.
4806     case UO_Deref:
4807     case UO_AddrOf: // should be impossible
4808       return IntRange::forValueOfType(C, GetExprType(E));
4809 
4810     default:
4811       return GetExprRange(C, UO->getSubExpr(), MaxWidth);
4812     }
4813   }
4814 
4815   if (OpaqueValueExpr *OVE = dyn_cast<OpaqueValueExpr>(E))
4816     return GetExprRange(C, OVE->getSourceExpr(), MaxWidth);
4817 
4818   if (FieldDecl *BitField = E->getSourceBitField())
4819     return IntRange(BitField->getBitWidthValue(C),
4820                     BitField->getType()->isUnsignedIntegerOrEnumerationType());
4821 
4822   return IntRange::forValueOfType(C, GetExprType(E));
4823 }
4824 
4825 static IntRange GetExprRange(ASTContext &C, Expr *E) {
4826   return GetExprRange(C, E, C.getIntWidth(GetExprType(E)));
4827 }
4828 
4829 /// Checks whether the given value, which currently has the given
4830 /// source semantics, has the same value when coerced through the
4831 /// target semantics.
4832 static bool IsSameFloatAfterCast(const llvm::APFloat &value,
4833                                  const llvm::fltSemantics &Src,
4834                                  const llvm::fltSemantics &Tgt) {
4835   llvm::APFloat truncated = value;
4836 
4837   bool ignored;
4838   truncated.convert(Src, llvm::APFloat::rmNearestTiesToEven, &ignored);
4839   truncated.convert(Tgt, llvm::APFloat::rmNearestTiesToEven, &ignored);
4840 
4841   return truncated.bitwiseIsEqual(value);
4842 }
4843 
4844 /// Checks whether the given value, which currently has the given
4845 /// source semantics, has the same value when coerced through the
4846 /// target semantics.
4847 ///
4848 /// The value might be a vector of floats (or a complex number).
4849 static bool IsSameFloatAfterCast(const APValue &value,
4850                                  const llvm::fltSemantics &Src,
4851                                  const llvm::fltSemantics &Tgt) {
4852   if (value.isFloat())
4853     return IsSameFloatAfterCast(value.getFloat(), Src, Tgt);
4854 
4855   if (value.isVector()) {
4856     for (unsigned i = 0, e = value.getVectorLength(); i != e; ++i)
4857       if (!IsSameFloatAfterCast(value.getVectorElt(i), Src, Tgt))
4858         return false;
4859     return true;
4860   }
4861 
4862   assert(value.isComplexFloat());
4863   return (IsSameFloatAfterCast(value.getComplexFloatReal(), Src, Tgt) &&
4864           IsSameFloatAfterCast(value.getComplexFloatImag(), Src, Tgt));
4865 }
4866 
4867 static void AnalyzeImplicitConversions(Sema &S, Expr *E, SourceLocation CC);
4868 
4869 static bool IsZero(Sema &S, Expr *E) {
4870   // Suppress cases where we are comparing against an enum constant.
4871   if (const DeclRefExpr *DR =
4872       dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E->IgnoreParenImpCasts()))
4873     if (isa<EnumConstantDecl>(DR->getDecl()))
4874       return false;
4875 
4876   // Suppress cases where the '0' value is expanded from a macro.
4877   if (E->getLocStart().isMacroID())
4878     return false;
4879 
4880   llvm::APSInt Value;
4881   return E->isIntegerConstantExpr(Value, S.Context) && Value == 0;
4882 }
4883 
4884 static bool HasEnumType(Expr *E) {
4885   // Strip off implicit integral promotions.
4886   while (ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
4887     if (ICE->getCastKind() != CK_IntegralCast &&
4888         ICE->getCastKind() != CK_NoOp)
4889       break;
4890     E = ICE->getSubExpr();
4891   }
4892 
4893   return E->getType()->isEnumeralType();
4894 }
4895 
4896 static void CheckTrivialUnsignedComparison(Sema &S, BinaryOperator *E) {
4897   // Disable warning in template instantiations.
4898   if (!S.ActiveTemplateInstantiations.empty())
4899     return;
4900 
4901   BinaryOperatorKind op = E->getOpcode();
4902   if (E->isValueDependent())
4903     return;
4904 
4905   if (op == BO_LT && IsZero(S, E->getRHS())) {
4906     S.Diag(E->getOperatorLoc(), diag::warn_lunsigned_always_true_comparison)
4907       << "< 0" << "false" << HasEnumType(E->getLHS())
4908       << E->getLHS()->getSourceRange() << E->getRHS()->getSourceRange();
4909   } else if (op == BO_GE && IsZero(S, E->getRHS())) {
4910     S.Diag(E->getOperatorLoc(), diag::warn_lunsigned_always_true_comparison)
4911       << ">= 0" << "true" << HasEnumType(E->getLHS())
4912       << E->getLHS()->getSourceRange() << E->getRHS()->getSourceRange();
4913   } else if (op == BO_GT && IsZero(S, E->getLHS())) {
4914     S.Diag(E->getOperatorLoc(), diag::warn_runsigned_always_true_comparison)
4915       << "0 >" << "false" << HasEnumType(E->getRHS())
4916       << E->getLHS()->getSourceRange() << E->getRHS()->getSourceRange();
4917   } else if (op == BO_LE && IsZero(S, E->getLHS())) {
4918     S.Diag(E->getOperatorLoc(), diag::warn_runsigned_always_true_comparison)
4919       << "0 <=" << "true" << HasEnumType(E->getRHS())
4920       << E->getLHS()->getSourceRange() << E->getRHS()->getSourceRange();
4921   }
4922 }
4923 
4924 static void DiagnoseOutOfRangeComparison(Sema &S, BinaryOperator *E,
4925                                          Expr *Constant, Expr *Other,
4926                                          llvm::APSInt Value,
4927                                          bool RhsConstant) {
4928   // Disable warning in template instantiations.
4929   if (!S.ActiveTemplateInstantiations.empty())
4930     return;
4931 
4932   // 0 values are handled later by CheckTrivialUnsignedComparison().
4933   if (Value == 0)
4934     return;
4935 
4936   BinaryOperatorKind op = E->getOpcode();
4937   QualType OtherT = Other->getType();
4938   QualType ConstantT = Constant->getType();
4939   QualType CommonT = E->getLHS()->getType();
4940   if (S.Context.hasSameUnqualifiedType(OtherT, ConstantT))
4941     return;
4942   assert((OtherT->isIntegerType() && ConstantT->isIntegerType())
4943          && "comparison with non-integer type");
4944 
4945   bool ConstantSigned = ConstantT->isSignedIntegerType();
4946   bool CommonSigned = CommonT->isSignedIntegerType();
4947 
4948   bool EqualityOnly = false;
4949 
4950   // TODO: Investigate using GetExprRange() to get tighter bounds on
4951   // on the bit ranges.
4952   IntRange OtherRange = IntRange::forValueOfType(S.Context, OtherT);
4953   unsigned OtherWidth = OtherRange.Width;
4954 
4955   if (CommonSigned) {
4956     // The common type is signed, therefore no signed to unsigned conversion.
4957     if (!OtherRange.NonNegative) {
4958       // Check that the constant is representable in type OtherT.
4959       if (ConstantSigned) {
4960         if (OtherWidth >= Value.getMinSignedBits())
4961           return;
4962       } else { // !ConstantSigned
4963         if (OtherWidth >= Value.getActiveBits() + 1)
4964           return;
4965       }
4966     } else { // !OtherSigned
4967       // Check that the constant is representable in type OtherT.
4968       // Negative values are out of range.
4969       if (ConstantSigned) {
4970         if (Value.isNonNegative() && OtherWidth >= Value.getActiveBits())
4971           return;
4972       } else { // !ConstantSigned
4973         if (OtherWidth >= Value.getActiveBits())
4974           return;
4975       }
4976     }
4977   } else {  // !CommonSigned
4978     if (OtherRange.NonNegative) {
4979       if (OtherWidth >= Value.getActiveBits())
4980         return;
4981     } else if (!OtherRange.NonNegative && !ConstantSigned) {
4982       // Check to see if the constant is representable in OtherT.
4983       if (OtherWidth > Value.getActiveBits())
4984         return;
4985       // Check to see if the constant is equivalent to a negative value
4986       // cast to CommonT.
4987       if (S.Context.getIntWidth(ConstantT) == S.Context.getIntWidth(CommonT) &&
4988           Value.isNegative() && Value.getMinSignedBits() <= OtherWidth)
4989         return;
4990       // The constant value rests between values that OtherT can represent after
4991       // conversion.  Relational comparison still works, but equality
4992       // comparisons will be tautological.
4993       EqualityOnly = true;
4994     } else { // OtherSigned && ConstantSigned
4995       assert(0 && "Two signed types converted to unsigned types.");
4996     }
4997   }
4998 
4999   bool PositiveConstant = !ConstantSigned || Value.isNonNegative();
5000 
5001   bool IsTrue = true;
5002   if (op == BO_EQ || op == BO_NE) {
5003     IsTrue = op == BO_NE;
5004   } else if (EqualityOnly) {
5005     return;
5006   } else if (RhsConstant) {
5007     if (op == BO_GT || op == BO_GE)
5008       IsTrue = !PositiveConstant;
5009     else // op == BO_LT || op == BO_LE
5010       IsTrue = PositiveConstant;
5011   } else {
5012     if (op == BO_LT || op == BO_LE)
5013       IsTrue = !PositiveConstant;
5014     else // op == BO_GT || op == BO_GE
5015       IsTrue = PositiveConstant;
5016   }
5017 
5018   // If this is a comparison to an enum constant, include that
5019   // constant in the diagnostic.
5020   const EnumConstantDecl *ED = 0;
5021   if (const DeclRefExpr *DR = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(Constant))
5022     ED = dyn_cast<EnumConstantDecl>(DR->getDecl());
5023 
5024   SmallString<64> PrettySourceValue;
5025   llvm::raw_svector_ostream OS(PrettySourceValue);
5026   if (ED)
5027     OS << '\'' << *ED << "' (" << Value << ")";
5028   else
5029     OS << Value;
5030 
5031   S.DiagRuntimeBehavior(E->getOperatorLoc(), E,
5032                         S.PDiag(diag::warn_out_of_range_compare)
5033                           << OS.str() << OtherT << IsTrue
5034                           << E->getLHS()->getSourceRange()
5035                           << E->getRHS()->getSourceRange());
5036 }
5037 
5038 /// Analyze the operands of the given comparison.  Implements the
5039 /// fallback case from AnalyzeComparison.
5040 static void AnalyzeImpConvsInComparison(Sema &S, BinaryOperator *E) {
5041   AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, E->getLHS(), E->getOperatorLoc());
5042   AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, E->getRHS(), E->getOperatorLoc());
5043 }
5044 
5045 /// \brief Implements -Wsign-compare.
5046 ///
5047 /// \param E the binary operator to check for warnings
5048 static void AnalyzeComparison(Sema &S, BinaryOperator *E) {
5049   // The type the comparison is being performed in.
5050   QualType T = E->getLHS()->getType();
5051   assert(S.Context.hasSameUnqualifiedType(T, E->getRHS()->getType())
5052          && "comparison with mismatched types");
5053   if (E->isValueDependent())
5054     return AnalyzeImpConvsInComparison(S, E);
5055 
5056   Expr *LHS = E->getLHS()->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
5057   Expr *RHS = E->getRHS()->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
5058 
5059   bool IsComparisonConstant = false;
5060 
5061   // Check whether an integer constant comparison results in a value
5062   // of 'true' or 'false'.
5063   if (T->isIntegralType(S.Context)) {
5064     llvm::APSInt RHSValue;
5065     bool IsRHSIntegralLiteral =
5066       RHS->isIntegerConstantExpr(RHSValue, S.Context);
5067     llvm::APSInt LHSValue;
5068     bool IsLHSIntegralLiteral =
5069       LHS->isIntegerConstantExpr(LHSValue, S.Context);
5070     if (IsRHSIntegralLiteral && !IsLHSIntegralLiteral)
5071         DiagnoseOutOfRangeComparison(S, E, RHS, LHS, RHSValue, true);
5072     else if (!IsRHSIntegralLiteral && IsLHSIntegralLiteral)
5073       DiagnoseOutOfRangeComparison(S, E, LHS, RHS, LHSValue, false);
5074     else
5075       IsComparisonConstant =
5076         (IsRHSIntegralLiteral && IsLHSIntegralLiteral);
5077   } else if (!T->hasUnsignedIntegerRepresentation())
5078       IsComparisonConstant = E->isIntegerConstantExpr(S.Context);
5079 
5080   // We don't do anything special if this isn't an unsigned integral
5081   // comparison:  we're only interested in integral comparisons, and
5082   // signed comparisons only happen in cases we don't care to warn about.
5083   //
5084   // We also don't care about value-dependent expressions or expressions
5085   // whose result is a constant.
5086   if (!T->hasUnsignedIntegerRepresentation() || IsComparisonConstant)
5087     return AnalyzeImpConvsInComparison(S, E);
5088 
5089   // Check to see if one of the (unmodified) operands is of different
5090   // signedness.
5091   Expr *signedOperand, *unsignedOperand;
5092   if (LHS->getType()->hasSignedIntegerRepresentation()) {
5093     assert(!RHS->getType()->hasSignedIntegerRepresentation() &&
5094            "unsigned comparison between two signed integer expressions?");
5095     signedOperand = LHS;
5096     unsignedOperand = RHS;
5097   } else if (RHS->getType()->hasSignedIntegerRepresentation()) {
5098     signedOperand = RHS;
5099     unsignedOperand = LHS;
5100   } else {
5101     CheckTrivialUnsignedComparison(S, E);
5102     return AnalyzeImpConvsInComparison(S, E);
5103   }
5104 
5105   // Otherwise, calculate the effective range of the signed operand.
5106   IntRange signedRange = GetExprRange(S.Context, signedOperand);
5107 
5108   // Go ahead and analyze implicit conversions in the operands.  Note
5109   // that we skip the implicit conversions on both sides.
5110   AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, LHS, E->getOperatorLoc());
5111   AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, RHS, E->getOperatorLoc());
5112 
5113   // If the signed range is non-negative, -Wsign-compare won't fire,
5114   // but we should still check for comparisons which are always true
5115   // or false.
5116   if (signedRange.NonNegative)
5117     return CheckTrivialUnsignedComparison(S, E);
5118 
5119   // For (in)equality comparisons, if the unsigned operand is a
5120   // constant which cannot collide with a overflowed signed operand,
5121   // then reinterpreting the signed operand as unsigned will not
5122   // change the result of the comparison.
5123   if (E->isEqualityOp()) {
5124     unsigned comparisonWidth = S.Context.getIntWidth(T);
5125     IntRange unsignedRange = GetExprRange(S.Context, unsignedOperand);
5126 
5127     // We should never be unable to prove that the unsigned operand is
5128     // non-negative.
5129     assert(unsignedRange.NonNegative && "unsigned range includes negative?");
5130 
5131     if (unsignedRange.Width < comparisonWidth)
5132       return;
5133   }
5134 
5135   S.DiagRuntimeBehavior(E->getOperatorLoc(), E,
5136     S.PDiag(diag::warn_mixed_sign_comparison)
5137       << LHS->getType() << RHS->getType()
5138       << LHS->getSourceRange() << RHS->getSourceRange());
5139 }
5140 
5141 /// Analyzes an attempt to assign the given value to a bitfield.
5142 ///
5143 /// Returns true if there was something fishy about the attempt.
5144 static bool AnalyzeBitFieldAssignment(Sema &S, FieldDecl *Bitfield, Expr *Init,
5145                                       SourceLocation InitLoc) {
5146   assert(Bitfield->isBitField());
5147   if (Bitfield->isInvalidDecl())
5148     return false;
5149 
5150   // White-list bool bitfields.
5151   if (Bitfield->getType()->isBooleanType())
5152     return false;
5153 
5154   // Ignore value- or type-dependent expressions.
5155   if (Bitfield->getBitWidth()->isValueDependent() ||
5156       Bitfield->getBitWidth()->isTypeDependent() ||
5157       Init->isValueDependent() ||
5158       Init->isTypeDependent())
5159     return false;
5160 
5161   Expr *OriginalInit = Init->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
5162 
5163   llvm::APSInt Value;
5164   if (!OriginalInit->EvaluateAsInt(Value, S.Context, Expr::SE_AllowSideEffects))
5165     return false;
5166 
5167   unsigned OriginalWidth = Value.getBitWidth();
5168   unsigned FieldWidth = Bitfield->getBitWidthValue(S.Context);
5169 
5170   if (OriginalWidth <= FieldWidth)
5171     return false;
5172 
5173   // Compute the value which the bitfield will contain.
5174   llvm::APSInt TruncatedValue = Value.trunc(FieldWidth);
5175   TruncatedValue.setIsSigned(Bitfield->getType()->isSignedIntegerType());
5176 
5177   // Check whether the stored value is equal to the original value.
5178   TruncatedValue = TruncatedValue.extend(OriginalWidth);
5179   if (llvm::APSInt::isSameValue(Value, TruncatedValue))
5180     return false;
5181 
5182   // Special-case bitfields of width 1: booleans are naturally 0/1, and
5183   // therefore don't strictly fit into a signed bitfield of width 1.
5184   if (FieldWidth == 1 && Value == 1)
5185     return false;
5186 
5187   std::string PrettyValue = Value.toString(10);
5188   std::string PrettyTrunc = TruncatedValue.toString(10);
5189 
5190   S.Diag(InitLoc, diag::warn_impcast_bitfield_precision_constant)
5191     << PrettyValue << PrettyTrunc << OriginalInit->getType()
5192     << Init->getSourceRange();
5193 
5194   return true;
5195 }
5196 
5197 /// Analyze the given simple or compound assignment for warning-worthy
5198 /// operations.
5199 static void AnalyzeAssignment(Sema &S, BinaryOperator *E) {
5200   // Just recurse on the LHS.
5201   AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, E->getLHS(), E->getOperatorLoc());
5202 
5203   // We want to recurse on the RHS as normal unless we're assigning to
5204   // a bitfield.
5205   if (FieldDecl *Bitfield = E->getLHS()->getSourceBitField()) {
5206     if (AnalyzeBitFieldAssignment(S, Bitfield, E->getRHS(),
5207                                   E->getOperatorLoc())) {
5208       // Recurse, ignoring any implicit conversions on the RHS.
5209       return AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, E->getRHS()->IgnoreParenImpCasts(),
5210                                         E->getOperatorLoc());
5211     }
5212   }
5213 
5214   AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, E->getRHS(), E->getOperatorLoc());
5215 }
5216 
5217 /// Diagnose an implicit cast;  purely a helper for CheckImplicitConversion.
5218 static void DiagnoseImpCast(Sema &S, Expr *E, QualType SourceType, QualType T,
5219                             SourceLocation CContext, unsigned diag,
5220                             bool pruneControlFlow = false) {
5221   if (pruneControlFlow) {
5222     S.DiagRuntimeBehavior(E->getExprLoc(), E,
5223                           S.PDiag(diag)
5224                             << SourceType << T << E->getSourceRange()
5225                             << SourceRange(CContext));
5226     return;
5227   }
5228   S.Diag(E->getExprLoc(), diag)
5229     << SourceType << T << E->getSourceRange() << SourceRange(CContext);
5230 }
5231 
5232 /// Diagnose an implicit cast;  purely a helper for CheckImplicitConversion.
5233 static void DiagnoseImpCast(Sema &S, Expr *E, QualType T,
5234                             SourceLocation CContext, unsigned diag,
5235                             bool pruneControlFlow = false) {
5236   DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, E->getType(), T, CContext, diag, pruneControlFlow);
5237 }
5238 
5239 /// Diagnose an implicit cast from a literal expression. Does not warn when the
5240 /// cast wouldn't lose information.
5241 void DiagnoseFloatingLiteralImpCast(Sema &S, FloatingLiteral *FL, QualType T,
5242                                     SourceLocation CContext) {
5243   // Try to convert the literal exactly to an integer. If we can, don't warn.
5244   bool isExact = false;
5245   const llvm::APFloat &Value = FL->getValue();
5246   llvm::APSInt IntegerValue(S.Context.getIntWidth(T),
5247                             T->hasUnsignedIntegerRepresentation());
5248   if (Value.convertToInteger(IntegerValue,
5249                              llvm::APFloat::rmTowardZero, &isExact)
5250       == llvm::APFloat::opOK && isExact)
5251     return;
5252 
5253   // FIXME: Force the precision of the source value down so we don't print
5254   // digits which are usually useless (we don't really care here if we
5255   // truncate a digit by accident in edge cases).  Ideally, APFloat::toString
5256   // would automatically print the shortest representation, but it's a bit
5257   // tricky to implement.
5258   SmallString<16> PrettySourceValue;
5259   unsigned precision = llvm::APFloat::semanticsPrecision(Value.getSemantics());
5260   precision = (precision * 59 + 195) / 196;
5261   Value.toString(PrettySourceValue, precision);
5262 
5263   SmallString<16> PrettyTargetValue;
5264   if (T->isSpecificBuiltinType(BuiltinType::Bool))
5265     PrettyTargetValue = IntegerValue == 0 ? "false" : "true";
5266   else
5267     IntegerValue.toString(PrettyTargetValue);
5268 
5269   S.Diag(FL->getExprLoc(), diag::warn_impcast_literal_float_to_integer)
5270     << FL->getType() << T.getUnqualifiedType() << PrettySourceValue
5271     << PrettyTargetValue << FL->getSourceRange() << SourceRange(CContext);
5272 }
5273 
5274 std::string PrettyPrintInRange(const llvm::APSInt &Value, IntRange Range) {
5275   if (!Range.Width) return "0";
5276 
5277   llvm::APSInt ValueInRange = Value;
5278   ValueInRange.setIsSigned(!Range.NonNegative);
5279   ValueInRange = ValueInRange.trunc(Range.Width);
5280   return ValueInRange.toString(10);
5281 }
5282 
5283 static bool IsImplicitBoolFloatConversion(Sema &S, Expr *Ex, bool ToBool) {
5284   if (!isa<ImplicitCastExpr>(Ex))
5285     return false;
5286 
5287   Expr *InnerE = Ex->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
5288   const Type *Target = S.Context.getCanonicalType(Ex->getType()).getTypePtr();
5289   const Type *Source =
5290     S.Context.getCanonicalType(InnerE->getType()).getTypePtr();
5291   if (Target->isDependentType())
5292     return false;
5293 
5294   const BuiltinType *FloatCandidateBT =
5295     dyn_cast<BuiltinType>(ToBool ? Source : Target);
5296   const Type *BoolCandidateType = ToBool ? Target : Source;
5297 
5298   return (BoolCandidateType->isSpecificBuiltinType(BuiltinType::Bool) &&
5299           FloatCandidateBT && (FloatCandidateBT->isFloatingPoint()));
5300 }
5301 
5302 void CheckImplicitArgumentConversions(Sema &S, CallExpr *TheCall,
5303                                       SourceLocation CC) {
5304   unsigned NumArgs = TheCall->getNumArgs();
5305   for (unsigned i = 0; i < NumArgs; ++i) {
5306     Expr *CurrA = TheCall->getArg(i);
5307     if (!IsImplicitBoolFloatConversion(S, CurrA, true))
5308       continue;
5309 
5310     bool IsSwapped = ((i > 0) &&
5311         IsImplicitBoolFloatConversion(S, TheCall->getArg(i - 1), false));
5312     IsSwapped |= ((i < (NumArgs - 1)) &&
5313         IsImplicitBoolFloatConversion(S, TheCall->getArg(i + 1), false));
5314     if (IsSwapped) {
5315       // Warn on this floating-point to bool conversion.
5316       DiagnoseImpCast(S, CurrA->IgnoreParenImpCasts(),
5317                       CurrA->getType(), CC,
5318                       diag::warn_impcast_floating_point_to_bool);
5319     }
5320   }
5321 }
5322 
5323 void CheckImplicitConversion(Sema &S, Expr *E, QualType T,
5324                              SourceLocation CC, bool *ICContext = 0) {
5325   if (E->isTypeDependent() || E->isValueDependent()) return;
5326 
5327   const Type *Source = S.Context.getCanonicalType(E->getType()).getTypePtr();
5328   const Type *Target = S.Context.getCanonicalType(T).getTypePtr();
5329   if (Source == Target) return;
5330   if (Target->isDependentType()) return;
5331 
5332   // If the conversion context location is invalid don't complain. We also
5333   // don't want to emit a warning if the issue occurs from the expansion of
5334   // a system macro. The problem is that 'getSpellingLoc()' is slow, so we
5335   // delay this check as long as possible. Once we detect we are in that
5336   // scenario, we just return.
5337   if (CC.isInvalid())
5338     return;
5339 
5340   // Diagnose implicit casts to bool.
5341   if (Target->isSpecificBuiltinType(BuiltinType::Bool)) {
5342     if (isa<StringLiteral>(E))
5343       // Warn on string literal to bool.  Checks for string literals in logical
5344       // and expressions, for instance, assert(0 && "error here"), are
5345       // prevented by a check in AnalyzeImplicitConversions().
5346       return DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, T, CC,
5347                              diag::warn_impcast_string_literal_to_bool);
5348     if (isa<ObjCStringLiteral>(E) || isa<ObjCArrayLiteral>(E) ||
5349         isa<ObjCDictionaryLiteral>(E) || isa<ObjCBoxedExpr>(E)) {
5350       // This covers the literal expressions that evaluate to Objective-C
5351       // objects.
5352       return DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, T, CC,
5353                              diag::warn_impcast_objective_c_literal_to_bool);
5354     }
5355     if (Source->isFunctionType()) {
5356       // Warn on function to bool. Checks free functions and static member
5357       // functions. Weakly imported functions are excluded from the check,
5358       // since it's common to test their value to check whether the linker
5359       // found a definition for them.
5360       ValueDecl *D = 0;
5361       if (DeclRefExpr* R = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E)) {
5362         D = R->getDecl();
5363       } else if (MemberExpr *M = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(E)) {
5364         D = M->getMemberDecl();
5365       }
5366 
5367       if (D && !D->isWeak()) {
5368         if (FunctionDecl* F = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(D)) {
5369           S.Diag(E->getExprLoc(), diag::warn_impcast_function_to_bool)
5370             << F << E->getSourceRange() << SourceRange(CC);
5371           S.Diag(E->getExprLoc(), diag::note_function_to_bool_silence)
5372             << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(E->getExprLoc(), "&");
5373           QualType ReturnType;
5374           UnresolvedSet<4> NonTemplateOverloads;
5375           S.tryExprAsCall(*E, ReturnType, NonTemplateOverloads);
5376           if (!ReturnType.isNull()
5377               && ReturnType->isSpecificBuiltinType(BuiltinType::Bool))
5378             S.Diag(E->getExprLoc(), diag::note_function_to_bool_call)
5379               << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(
5380                  S.getPreprocessor().getLocForEndOfToken(E->getLocEnd()), "()");
5381           return;
5382         }
5383       }
5384     }
5385   }
5386 
5387   // Strip vector types.
5388   if (isa<VectorType>(Source)) {
5389     if (!isa<VectorType>(Target)) {
5390       if (S.SourceMgr.isInSystemMacro(CC))
5391         return;
5392       return DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, T, CC, diag::warn_impcast_vector_scalar);
5393     }
5394 
5395     // If the vector cast is cast between two vectors of the same size, it is
5396     // a bitcast, not a conversion.
5397     if (S.Context.getTypeSize(Source) == S.Context.getTypeSize(Target))
5398       return;
5399 
5400     Source = cast<VectorType>(Source)->getElementType().getTypePtr();
5401     Target = cast<VectorType>(Target)->getElementType().getTypePtr();
5402   }
5403 
5404   // Strip complex types.
5405   if (isa<ComplexType>(Source)) {
5406     if (!isa<ComplexType>(Target)) {
5407       if (S.SourceMgr.isInSystemMacro(CC))
5408         return;
5409 
5410       return DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, T, CC, diag::warn_impcast_complex_scalar);
5411     }
5412 
5413     Source = cast<ComplexType>(Source)->getElementType().getTypePtr();
5414     Target = cast<ComplexType>(Target)->getElementType().getTypePtr();
5415   }
5416 
5417   const BuiltinType *SourceBT = dyn_cast<BuiltinType>(Source);
5418   const BuiltinType *TargetBT = dyn_cast<BuiltinType>(Target);
5419 
5420   // If the source is floating point...
5421   if (SourceBT && SourceBT->isFloatingPoint()) {
5422     // ...and the target is floating point...
5423     if (TargetBT && TargetBT->isFloatingPoint()) {
5424       // ...then warn if we're dropping FP rank.
5425 
5426       // Builtin FP kinds are ordered by increasing FP rank.
5427       if (SourceBT->getKind() > TargetBT->getKind()) {
5428         // Don't warn about float constants that are precisely
5429         // representable in the target type.
5430         Expr::EvalResult result;
5431         if (E->EvaluateAsRValue(result, S.Context)) {
5432           // Value might be a float, a float vector, or a float complex.
5433           if (IsSameFloatAfterCast(result.Val,
5434                    S.Context.getFloatTypeSemantics(QualType(TargetBT, 0)),
5435                    S.Context.getFloatTypeSemantics(QualType(SourceBT, 0))))
5436             return;
5437         }
5438 
5439         if (S.SourceMgr.isInSystemMacro(CC))
5440           return;
5441 
5442         DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, T, CC, diag::warn_impcast_float_precision);
5443       }
5444       return;
5445     }
5446 
5447     // If the target is integral, always warn.
5448     if (TargetBT && TargetBT->isInteger()) {
5449       if (S.SourceMgr.isInSystemMacro(CC))
5450         return;
5451 
5452       Expr *InnerE = E->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
5453       // We also want to warn on, e.g., "int i = -1.234"
5454       if (UnaryOperator *UOp = dyn_cast<UnaryOperator>(InnerE))
5455         if (UOp->getOpcode() == UO_Minus || UOp->getOpcode() == UO_Plus)
5456           InnerE = UOp->getSubExpr()->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
5457 
5458       if (FloatingLiteral *FL = dyn_cast<FloatingLiteral>(InnerE)) {
5459         DiagnoseFloatingLiteralImpCast(S, FL, T, CC);
5460       } else {
5461         DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, T, CC, diag::warn_impcast_float_integer);
5462       }
5463     }
5464 
5465     // If the target is bool, warn if expr is a function or method call.
5466     if (Target->isSpecificBuiltinType(BuiltinType::Bool) &&
5467         isa<CallExpr>(E)) {
5468       // Check last argument of function call to see if it is an
5469       // implicit cast from a type matching the type the result
5470       // is being cast to.
5471       CallExpr *CEx = cast<CallExpr>(E);
5472       unsigned NumArgs = CEx->getNumArgs();
5473       if (NumArgs > 0) {
5474         Expr *LastA = CEx->getArg(NumArgs - 1);
5475         Expr *InnerE = LastA->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
5476         const Type *InnerType =
5477           S.Context.getCanonicalType(InnerE->getType()).getTypePtr();
5478         if (isa<ImplicitCastExpr>(LastA) && (InnerType == Target)) {
5479           // Warn on this floating-point to bool conversion
5480           DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, T, CC,
5481                           diag::warn_impcast_floating_point_to_bool);
5482         }
5483       }
5484     }
5485     return;
5486   }
5487 
5488   if ((E->isNullPointerConstant(S.Context, Expr::NPC_ValueDependentIsNotNull)
5489            == Expr::NPCK_GNUNull) && !Target->isAnyPointerType()
5490       && !Target->isBlockPointerType() && !Target->isMemberPointerType()
5491       && Target->isScalarType() && !Target->isNullPtrType()) {
5492     SourceLocation Loc = E->getSourceRange().getBegin();
5493     if (Loc.isMacroID())
5494       Loc = S.SourceMgr.getImmediateExpansionRange(Loc).first;
5495     if (!Loc.isMacroID() || CC.isMacroID())
5496       S.Diag(Loc, diag::warn_impcast_null_pointer_to_integer)
5497           << T << clang::SourceRange(CC)
5498           << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(Loc,
5499                                           S.getFixItZeroLiteralForType(T, Loc));
5500   }
5501 
5502   if (!Source->isIntegerType() || !Target->isIntegerType())
5503     return;
5504 
5505   // TODO: remove this early return once the false positives for constant->bool
5506   // in templates, macros, etc, are reduced or removed.
5507   if (Target->isSpecificBuiltinType(BuiltinType::Bool))
5508     return;
5509 
5510   IntRange SourceRange = GetExprRange(S.Context, E);
5511   IntRange TargetRange = IntRange::forTargetOfCanonicalType(S.Context, Target);
5512 
5513   if (SourceRange.Width > TargetRange.Width) {
5514     // If the source is a constant, use a default-on diagnostic.
5515     // TODO: this should happen for bitfield stores, too.
5516     llvm::APSInt Value(32);
5517     if (E->isIntegerConstantExpr(Value, S.Context)) {
5518       if (S.SourceMgr.isInSystemMacro(CC))
5519         return;
5520 
5521       std::string PrettySourceValue = Value.toString(10);
5522       std::string PrettyTargetValue = PrettyPrintInRange(Value, TargetRange);
5523 
5524       S.DiagRuntimeBehavior(E->getExprLoc(), E,
5525         S.PDiag(diag::warn_impcast_integer_precision_constant)
5526             << PrettySourceValue << PrettyTargetValue
5527             << E->getType() << T << E->getSourceRange()
5528             << clang::SourceRange(CC));
5529       return;
5530     }
5531 
5532     // People want to build with -Wshorten-64-to-32 and not -Wconversion.
5533     if (S.SourceMgr.isInSystemMacro(CC))
5534       return;
5535 
5536     if (TargetRange.Width == 32 && S.Context.getIntWidth(E->getType()) == 64)
5537       return DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, T, CC, diag::warn_impcast_integer_64_32,
5538                              /* pruneControlFlow */ true);
5539     return DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, T, CC, diag::warn_impcast_integer_precision);
5540   }
5541 
5542   if ((TargetRange.NonNegative && !SourceRange.NonNegative) ||
5543       (!TargetRange.NonNegative && SourceRange.NonNegative &&
5544        SourceRange.Width == TargetRange.Width)) {
5545 
5546     if (S.SourceMgr.isInSystemMacro(CC))
5547       return;
5548 
5549     unsigned DiagID = diag::warn_impcast_integer_sign;
5550 
5551     // Traditionally, gcc has warned about this under -Wsign-compare.
5552     // We also want to warn about it in -Wconversion.
5553     // So if -Wconversion is off, use a completely identical diagnostic
5554     // in the sign-compare group.
5555     // The conditional-checking code will
5556     if (ICContext) {
5557       DiagID = diag::warn_impcast_integer_sign_conditional;
5558       *ICContext = true;
5559     }
5560 
5561     return DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, T, CC, DiagID);
5562   }
5563 
5564   // Diagnose conversions between different enumeration types.
5565   // In C, we pretend that the type of an EnumConstantDecl is its enumeration
5566   // type, to give us better diagnostics.
5567   QualType SourceType = E->getType();
5568   if (!S.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus) {
5569     if (DeclRefExpr *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E))
5570       if (EnumConstantDecl *ECD = dyn_cast<EnumConstantDecl>(DRE->getDecl())) {
5571         EnumDecl *Enum = cast<EnumDecl>(ECD->getDeclContext());
5572         SourceType = S.Context.getTypeDeclType(Enum);
5573         Source = S.Context.getCanonicalType(SourceType).getTypePtr();
5574       }
5575   }
5576 
5577   if (const EnumType *SourceEnum = Source->getAs<EnumType>())
5578     if (const EnumType *TargetEnum = Target->getAs<EnumType>())
5579       if (SourceEnum->getDecl()->hasNameForLinkage() &&
5580           TargetEnum->getDecl()->hasNameForLinkage() &&
5581           SourceEnum != TargetEnum) {
5582         if (S.SourceMgr.isInSystemMacro(CC))
5583           return;
5584 
5585         return DiagnoseImpCast(S, E, SourceType, T, CC,
5586                                diag::warn_impcast_different_enum_types);
5587       }
5588 
5589   return;
5590 }
5591 
5592 void CheckConditionalOperator(Sema &S, ConditionalOperator *E,
5593                               SourceLocation CC, QualType T);
5594 
5595 void CheckConditionalOperand(Sema &S, Expr *E, QualType T,
5596                              SourceLocation CC, bool &ICContext) {
5597   E = E->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
5598 
5599   if (isa<ConditionalOperator>(E))
5600     return CheckConditionalOperator(S, cast<ConditionalOperator>(E), CC, T);
5601 
5602   AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, E, CC);
5603   if (E->getType() != T)
5604     return CheckImplicitConversion(S, E, T, CC, &ICContext);
5605   return;
5606 }
5607 
5608 void CheckConditionalOperator(Sema &S, ConditionalOperator *E,
5609                               SourceLocation CC, QualType T) {
5610   AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, E->getCond(), CC);
5611 
5612   bool Suspicious = false;
5613   CheckConditionalOperand(S, E->getTrueExpr(), T, CC, Suspicious);
5614   CheckConditionalOperand(S, E->getFalseExpr(), T, CC, Suspicious);
5615 
5616   // If -Wconversion would have warned about either of the candidates
5617   // for a signedness conversion to the context type...
5618   if (!Suspicious) return;
5619 
5620   // ...but it's currently ignored...
5621   if (S.Diags.getDiagnosticLevel(diag::warn_impcast_integer_sign_conditional,
5622                                  CC))
5623     return;
5624 
5625   // ...then check whether it would have warned about either of the
5626   // candidates for a signedness conversion to the condition type.
5627   if (E->getType() == T) return;
5628 
5629   Suspicious = false;
5630   CheckImplicitConversion(S, E->getTrueExpr()->IgnoreParenImpCasts(),
5631                           E->getType(), CC, &Suspicious);
5632   if (!Suspicious)
5633     CheckImplicitConversion(S, E->getFalseExpr()->IgnoreParenImpCasts(),
5634                             E->getType(), CC, &Suspicious);
5635 }
5636 
5637 /// AnalyzeImplicitConversions - Find and report any interesting
5638 /// implicit conversions in the given expression.  There are a couple
5639 /// of competing diagnostics here, -Wconversion and -Wsign-compare.
5640 void AnalyzeImplicitConversions(Sema &S, Expr *OrigE, SourceLocation CC) {
5641   QualType T = OrigE->getType();
5642   Expr *E = OrigE->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
5643 
5644   if (E->isTypeDependent() || E->isValueDependent())
5645     return;
5646 
5647   // For conditional operators, we analyze the arguments as if they
5648   // were being fed directly into the output.
5649   if (isa<ConditionalOperator>(E)) {
5650     ConditionalOperator *CO = cast<ConditionalOperator>(E);
5651     CheckConditionalOperator(S, CO, CC, T);
5652     return;
5653   }
5654 
5655   // Check implicit argument conversions for function calls.
5656   if (CallExpr *Call = dyn_cast<CallExpr>(E))
5657     CheckImplicitArgumentConversions(S, Call, CC);
5658 
5659   // Go ahead and check any implicit conversions we might have skipped.
5660   // The non-canonical typecheck is just an optimization;
5661   // CheckImplicitConversion will filter out dead implicit conversions.
5662   if (E->getType() != T)
5663     CheckImplicitConversion(S, E, T, CC);
5664 
5665   // Now continue drilling into this expression.
5666 
5667   if (PseudoObjectExpr * POE = dyn_cast<PseudoObjectExpr>(E)) {
5668     if (POE->getResultExpr())
5669       E = POE->getResultExpr();
5670   }
5671 
5672   if (const OpaqueValueExpr *OVE = dyn_cast<OpaqueValueExpr>(E))
5673     return AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, OVE->getSourceExpr(), CC);
5674 
5675   // Skip past explicit casts.
5676   if (isa<ExplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
5677     E = cast<ExplicitCastExpr>(E)->getSubExpr()->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
5678     return AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, E, CC);
5679   }
5680 
5681   if (BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(E)) {
5682     // Do a somewhat different check with comparison operators.
5683     if (BO->isComparisonOp())
5684       return AnalyzeComparison(S, BO);
5685 
5686     // And with simple assignments.
5687     if (BO->getOpcode() == BO_Assign)
5688       return AnalyzeAssignment(S, BO);
5689   }
5690 
5691   // These break the otherwise-useful invariant below.  Fortunately,
5692   // we don't really need to recurse into them, because any internal
5693   // expressions should have been analyzed already when they were
5694   // built into statements.
5695   if (isa<StmtExpr>(E)) return;
5696 
5697   // Don't descend into unevaluated contexts.
5698   if (isa<UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr>(E)) return;
5699 
5700   // Now just recurse over the expression's children.
5701   CC = E->getExprLoc();
5702   BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(E);
5703   bool IsLogicalAndOperator = BO && BO->getOpcode() == BO_LAnd;
5704   for (Stmt::child_range I = E->children(); I; ++I) {
5705     Expr *ChildExpr = dyn_cast_or_null<Expr>(*I);
5706     if (!ChildExpr)
5707       continue;
5708 
5709     if (IsLogicalAndOperator &&
5710         isa<StringLiteral>(ChildExpr->IgnoreParenImpCasts()))
5711       // Ignore checking string literals that are in logical and operators.
5712       // This is a common pattern for asserts.
5713       continue;
5714     AnalyzeImplicitConversions(S, ChildExpr, CC);
5715   }
5716 }
5717 
5718 } // end anonymous namespace
5719 
5720 /// Diagnoses "dangerous" implicit conversions within the given
5721 /// expression (which is a full expression).  Implements -Wconversion
5722 /// and -Wsign-compare.
5723 ///
5724 /// \param CC the "context" location of the implicit conversion, i.e.
5725 ///   the most location of the syntactic entity requiring the implicit
5726 ///   conversion
5727 void Sema::CheckImplicitConversions(Expr *E, SourceLocation CC) {
5728   // Don't diagnose in unevaluated contexts.
5729   if (isUnevaluatedContext())
5730     return;
5731 
5732   // Don't diagnose for value- or type-dependent expressions.
5733   if (E->isTypeDependent() || E->isValueDependent())
5734     return;
5735 
5736   // Check for array bounds violations in cases where the check isn't triggered
5737   // elsewhere for other Expr types (like BinaryOperators), e.g. when an
5738   // ArraySubscriptExpr is on the RHS of a variable initialization.
5739   CheckArrayAccess(E);
5740 
5741   // This is not the right CC for (e.g.) a variable initialization.
5742   AnalyzeImplicitConversions(*this, E, CC);
5743 }
5744 
5745 /// Diagnose when expression is an integer constant expression and its evaluation
5746 /// results in integer overflow
5747 void Sema::CheckForIntOverflow (Expr *E) {
5748   if (isa<BinaryOperator>(E->IgnoreParens()))
5749     E->EvaluateForOverflow(Context);
5750 }
5751 
5752 namespace {
5753 /// \brief Visitor for expressions which looks for unsequenced operations on the
5754 /// same object.
5755 class SequenceChecker : public EvaluatedExprVisitor<SequenceChecker> {
5756   typedef EvaluatedExprVisitor<SequenceChecker> Base;
5757 
5758   /// \brief A tree of sequenced regions within an expression. Two regions are
5759   /// unsequenced if one is an ancestor or a descendent of the other. When we
5760   /// finish processing an expression with sequencing, such as a comma
5761   /// expression, we fold its tree nodes into its parent, since they are
5762   /// unsequenced with respect to nodes we will visit later.
5763   class SequenceTree {
5764     struct Value {
5765       explicit Value(unsigned Parent) : Parent(Parent), Merged(false) {}
5766       unsigned Parent : 31;
5767       bool Merged : 1;
5768     };
5769     SmallVector<Value, 8> Values;
5770 
5771   public:
5772     /// \brief A region within an expression which may be sequenced with respect
5773     /// to some other region.
5774     class Seq {
5775       explicit Seq(unsigned N) : Index(N) {}
5776       unsigned Index;
5777       friend class SequenceTree;
5778     public:
5779       Seq() : Index(0) {}
5780     };
5781 
5782     SequenceTree() { Values.push_back(Value(0)); }
5783     Seq root() const { return Seq(0); }
5784 
5785     /// \brief Create a new sequence of operations, which is an unsequenced
5786     /// subset of \p Parent. This sequence of operations is sequenced with
5787     /// respect to other children of \p Parent.
5788     Seq allocate(Seq Parent) {
5789       Values.push_back(Value(Parent.Index));
5790       return Seq(Values.size() - 1);
5791     }
5792 
5793     /// \brief Merge a sequence of operations into its parent.
5794     void merge(Seq S) {
5795       Values[S.Index].Merged = true;
5796     }
5797 
5798     /// \brief Determine whether two operations are unsequenced. This operation
5799     /// is asymmetric: \p Cur should be the more recent sequence, and \p Old
5800     /// should have been merged into its parent as appropriate.
5801     bool isUnsequenced(Seq Cur, Seq Old) {
5802       unsigned C = representative(Cur.Index);
5803       unsigned Target = representative(Old.Index);
5804       while (C >= Target) {
5805         if (C == Target)
5806           return true;
5807         C = Values[C].Parent;
5808       }
5809       return false;
5810     }
5811 
5812   private:
5813     /// \brief Pick a representative for a sequence.
5814     unsigned representative(unsigned K) {
5815       if (Values[K].Merged)
5816         // Perform path compression as we go.
5817         return Values[K].Parent = representative(Values[K].Parent);
5818       return K;
5819     }
5820   };
5821 
5822   /// An object for which we can track unsequenced uses.
5823   typedef NamedDecl *Object;
5824 
5825   /// Different flavors of object usage which we track. We only track the
5826   /// least-sequenced usage of each kind.
5827   enum UsageKind {
5828     /// A read of an object. Multiple unsequenced reads are OK.
5829     UK_Use,
5830     /// A modification of an object which is sequenced before the value
5831     /// computation of the expression, such as ++n in C++.
5832     UK_ModAsValue,
5833     /// A modification of an object which is not sequenced before the value
5834     /// computation of the expression, such as n++.
5835     UK_ModAsSideEffect,
5836 
5837     UK_Count = UK_ModAsSideEffect + 1
5838   };
5839 
5840   struct Usage {
5841     Usage() : Use(0), Seq() {}
5842     Expr *Use;
5843     SequenceTree::Seq Seq;
5844   };
5845 
5846   struct UsageInfo {
5847     UsageInfo() : Diagnosed(false) {}
5848     Usage Uses[UK_Count];
5849     /// Have we issued a diagnostic for this variable already?
5850     bool Diagnosed;
5851   };
5852   typedef llvm::SmallDenseMap<Object, UsageInfo, 16> UsageInfoMap;
5853 
5854   Sema &SemaRef;
5855   /// Sequenced regions within the expression.
5856   SequenceTree Tree;
5857   /// Declaration modifications and references which we have seen.
5858   UsageInfoMap UsageMap;
5859   /// The region we are currently within.
5860   SequenceTree::Seq Region;
5861   /// Filled in with declarations which were modified as a side-effect
5862   /// (that is, post-increment operations).
5863   SmallVectorImpl<std::pair<Object, Usage> > *ModAsSideEffect;
5864   /// Expressions to check later. We defer checking these to reduce
5865   /// stack usage.
5866   SmallVectorImpl<Expr *> &WorkList;
5867 
5868   /// RAII object wrapping the visitation of a sequenced subexpression of an
5869   /// expression. At the end of this process, the side-effects of the evaluation
5870   /// become sequenced with respect to the value computation of the result, so
5871   /// we downgrade any UK_ModAsSideEffect within the evaluation to
5872   /// UK_ModAsValue.
5873   struct SequencedSubexpression {
5874     SequencedSubexpression(SequenceChecker &Self)
5875       : Self(Self), OldModAsSideEffect(Self.ModAsSideEffect) {
5876       Self.ModAsSideEffect = &ModAsSideEffect;
5877     }
5878     ~SequencedSubexpression() {
5879       for (unsigned I = 0, E = ModAsSideEffect.size(); I != E; ++I) {
5880         UsageInfo &U = Self.UsageMap[ModAsSideEffect[I].first];
5881         U.Uses[UK_ModAsSideEffect] = ModAsSideEffect[I].second;
5882         Self.addUsage(U, ModAsSideEffect[I].first,
5883                       ModAsSideEffect[I].second.Use, UK_ModAsValue);
5884       }
5885       Self.ModAsSideEffect = OldModAsSideEffect;
5886     }
5887 
5888     SequenceChecker &Self;
5889     SmallVector<std::pair<Object, Usage>, 4> ModAsSideEffect;
5890     SmallVectorImpl<std::pair<Object, Usage> > *OldModAsSideEffect;
5891   };
5892 
5893   /// RAII object wrapping the visitation of a subexpression which we might
5894   /// choose to evaluate as a constant. If any subexpression is evaluated and
5895   /// found to be non-constant, this allows us to suppress the evaluation of
5896   /// the outer expression.
5897   class EvaluationTracker {
5898   public:
5899     EvaluationTracker(SequenceChecker &Self)
5900         : Self(Self), Prev(Self.EvalTracker), EvalOK(true) {
5901       Self.EvalTracker = this;
5902     }
5903     ~EvaluationTracker() {
5904       Self.EvalTracker = Prev;
5905       if (Prev)
5906         Prev->EvalOK &= EvalOK;
5907     }
5908 
5909     bool evaluate(const Expr *E, bool &Result) {
5910       if (!EvalOK || E->isValueDependent())
5911         return false;
5912       EvalOK = E->EvaluateAsBooleanCondition(Result, Self.SemaRef.Context);
5913       return EvalOK;
5914     }
5915 
5916   private:
5917     SequenceChecker &Self;
5918     EvaluationTracker *Prev;
5919     bool EvalOK;
5920   } *EvalTracker;
5921 
5922   /// \brief Find the object which is produced by the specified expression,
5923   /// if any.
5924   Object getObject(Expr *E, bool Mod) const {
5925     E = E->IgnoreParenCasts();
5926     if (UnaryOperator *UO = dyn_cast<UnaryOperator>(E)) {
5927       if (Mod && (UO->getOpcode() == UO_PreInc || UO->getOpcode() == UO_PreDec))
5928         return getObject(UO->getSubExpr(), Mod);
5929     } else if (BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(E)) {
5930       if (BO->getOpcode() == BO_Comma)
5931         return getObject(BO->getRHS(), Mod);
5932       if (Mod && BO->isAssignmentOp())
5933         return getObject(BO->getLHS(), Mod);
5934     } else if (MemberExpr *ME = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(E)) {
5935       // FIXME: Check for more interesting cases, like "x.n = ++x.n".
5936       if (isa<CXXThisExpr>(ME->getBase()->IgnoreParenCasts()))
5937         return ME->getMemberDecl();
5938     } else if (DeclRefExpr *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E))
5939       // FIXME: If this is a reference, map through to its value.
5940       return DRE->getDecl();
5941     return 0;
5942   }
5943 
5944   /// \brief Note that an object was modified or used by an expression.
5945   void addUsage(UsageInfo &UI, Object O, Expr *Ref, UsageKind UK) {
5946     Usage &U = UI.Uses[UK];
5947     if (!U.Use || !Tree.isUnsequenced(Region, U.Seq)) {
5948       if (UK == UK_ModAsSideEffect && ModAsSideEffect)
5949         ModAsSideEffect->push_back(std::make_pair(O, U));
5950       U.Use = Ref;
5951       U.Seq = Region;
5952     }
5953   }
5954   /// \brief Check whether a modification or use conflicts with a prior usage.
5955   void checkUsage(Object O, UsageInfo &UI, Expr *Ref, UsageKind OtherKind,
5956                   bool IsModMod) {
5957     if (UI.Diagnosed)
5958       return;
5959 
5960     const Usage &U = UI.Uses[OtherKind];
5961     if (!U.Use || !Tree.isUnsequenced(Region, U.Seq))
5962       return;
5963 
5964     Expr *Mod = U.Use;
5965     Expr *ModOrUse = Ref;
5966     if (OtherKind == UK_Use)
5967       std::swap(Mod, ModOrUse);
5968 
5969     SemaRef.Diag(Mod->getExprLoc(),
5970                  IsModMod ? diag::warn_unsequenced_mod_mod
5971                           : diag::warn_unsequenced_mod_use)
5972       << O << SourceRange(ModOrUse->getExprLoc());
5973     UI.Diagnosed = true;
5974   }
5975 
5976   void notePreUse(Object O, Expr *Use) {
5977     UsageInfo &U = UsageMap[O];
5978     // Uses conflict with other modifications.
5979     checkUsage(O, U, Use, UK_ModAsValue, false);
5980   }
5981   void notePostUse(Object O, Expr *Use) {
5982     UsageInfo &U = UsageMap[O];
5983     checkUsage(O, U, Use, UK_ModAsSideEffect, false);
5984     addUsage(U, O, Use, UK_Use);
5985   }
5986 
5987   void notePreMod(Object O, Expr *Mod) {
5988     UsageInfo &U = UsageMap[O];
5989     // Modifications conflict with other modifications and with uses.
5990     checkUsage(O, U, Mod, UK_ModAsValue, true);
5991     checkUsage(O, U, Mod, UK_Use, false);
5992   }
5993   void notePostMod(Object O, Expr *Use, UsageKind UK) {
5994     UsageInfo &U = UsageMap[O];
5995     checkUsage(O, U, Use, UK_ModAsSideEffect, true);
5996     addUsage(U, O, Use, UK);
5997   }
5998 
5999 public:
6000   SequenceChecker(Sema &S, Expr *E, SmallVectorImpl<Expr *> &WorkList)
6001       : Base(S.Context), SemaRef(S), Region(Tree.root()), ModAsSideEffect(0),
6002         WorkList(WorkList), EvalTracker(0) {
6003     Visit(E);
6004   }
6005 
6006   void VisitStmt(Stmt *S) {
6007     // Skip all statements which aren't expressions for now.
6008   }
6009 
6010   void VisitExpr(Expr *E) {
6011     // By default, just recurse to evaluated subexpressions.
6012     Base::VisitStmt(E);
6013   }
6014 
6015   void VisitCastExpr(CastExpr *E) {
6016     Object O = Object();
6017     if (E->getCastKind() == CK_LValueToRValue)
6018       O = getObject(E->getSubExpr(), false);
6019 
6020     if (O)
6021       notePreUse(O, E);
6022     VisitExpr(E);
6023     if (O)
6024       notePostUse(O, E);
6025   }
6026 
6027   void VisitBinComma(BinaryOperator *BO) {
6028     // C++11 [expr.comma]p1:
6029     //   Every value computation and side effect associated with the left
6030     //   expression is sequenced before every value computation and side
6031     //   effect associated with the right expression.
6032     SequenceTree::Seq LHS = Tree.allocate(Region);
6033     SequenceTree::Seq RHS = Tree.allocate(Region);
6034     SequenceTree::Seq OldRegion = Region;
6035 
6036     {
6037       SequencedSubexpression SeqLHS(*this);
6038       Region = LHS;
6039       Visit(BO->getLHS());
6040     }
6041 
6042     Region = RHS;
6043     Visit(BO->getRHS());
6044 
6045     Region = OldRegion;
6046 
6047     // Forget that LHS and RHS are sequenced. They are both unsequenced
6048     // with respect to other stuff.
6049     Tree.merge(LHS);
6050     Tree.merge(RHS);
6051   }
6052 
6053   void VisitBinAssign(BinaryOperator *BO) {
6054     // The modification is sequenced after the value computation of the LHS
6055     // and RHS, so check it before inspecting the operands and update the
6056     // map afterwards.
6057     Object O = getObject(BO->getLHS(), true);
6058     if (!O)
6059       return VisitExpr(BO);
6060 
6061     notePreMod(O, BO);
6062 
6063     // C++11 [expr.ass]p7:
6064     //   E1 op= E2 is equivalent to E1 = E1 op E2, except that E1 is evaluated
6065     //   only once.
6066     //
6067     // Therefore, for a compound assignment operator, O is considered used
6068     // everywhere except within the evaluation of E1 itself.
6069     if (isa<CompoundAssignOperator>(BO))
6070       notePreUse(O, BO);
6071 
6072     Visit(BO->getLHS());
6073 
6074     if (isa<CompoundAssignOperator>(BO))
6075       notePostUse(O, BO);
6076 
6077     Visit(BO->getRHS());
6078 
6079     // C++11 [expr.ass]p1:
6080     //   the assignment is sequenced [...] before the value computation of the
6081     //   assignment expression.
6082     // C11 6.5.16/3 has no such rule.
6083     notePostMod(O, BO, SemaRef.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus ? UK_ModAsValue
6084                                                        : UK_ModAsSideEffect);
6085   }
6086   void VisitCompoundAssignOperator(CompoundAssignOperator *CAO) {
6087     VisitBinAssign(CAO);
6088   }
6089 
6090   void VisitUnaryPreInc(UnaryOperator *UO) { VisitUnaryPreIncDec(UO); }
6091   void VisitUnaryPreDec(UnaryOperator *UO) { VisitUnaryPreIncDec(UO); }
6092   void VisitUnaryPreIncDec(UnaryOperator *UO) {
6093     Object O = getObject(UO->getSubExpr(), true);
6094     if (!O)
6095       return VisitExpr(UO);
6096 
6097     notePreMod(O, UO);
6098     Visit(UO->getSubExpr());
6099     // C++11 [expr.pre.incr]p1:
6100     //   the expression ++x is equivalent to x+=1
6101     notePostMod(O, UO, SemaRef.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus ? UK_ModAsValue
6102                                                        : UK_ModAsSideEffect);
6103   }
6104 
6105   void VisitUnaryPostInc(UnaryOperator *UO) { VisitUnaryPostIncDec(UO); }
6106   void VisitUnaryPostDec(UnaryOperator *UO) { VisitUnaryPostIncDec(UO); }
6107   void VisitUnaryPostIncDec(UnaryOperator *UO) {
6108     Object O = getObject(UO->getSubExpr(), true);
6109     if (!O)
6110       return VisitExpr(UO);
6111 
6112     notePreMod(O, UO);
6113     Visit(UO->getSubExpr());
6114     notePostMod(O, UO, UK_ModAsSideEffect);
6115   }
6116 
6117   /// Don't visit the RHS of '&&' or '||' if it might not be evaluated.
6118   void VisitBinLOr(BinaryOperator *BO) {
6119     // The side-effects of the LHS of an '&&' are sequenced before the
6120     // value computation of the RHS, and hence before the value computation
6121     // of the '&&' itself, unless the LHS evaluates to zero. We treat them
6122     // as if they were unconditionally sequenced.
6123     EvaluationTracker Eval(*this);
6124     {
6125       SequencedSubexpression Sequenced(*this);
6126       Visit(BO->getLHS());
6127     }
6128 
6129     bool Result;
6130     if (Eval.evaluate(BO->getLHS(), Result)) {
6131       if (!Result)
6132         Visit(BO->getRHS());
6133     } else {
6134       // Check for unsequenced operations in the RHS, treating it as an
6135       // entirely separate evaluation.
6136       //
6137       // FIXME: If there are operations in the RHS which are unsequenced
6138       // with respect to operations outside the RHS, and those operations
6139       // are unconditionally evaluated, diagnose them.
6140       WorkList.push_back(BO->getRHS());
6141     }
6142   }
6143   void VisitBinLAnd(BinaryOperator *BO) {
6144     EvaluationTracker Eval(*this);
6145     {
6146       SequencedSubexpression Sequenced(*this);
6147       Visit(BO->getLHS());
6148     }
6149 
6150     bool Result;
6151     if (Eval.evaluate(BO->getLHS(), Result)) {
6152       if (Result)
6153         Visit(BO->getRHS());
6154     } else {
6155       WorkList.push_back(BO->getRHS());
6156     }
6157   }
6158 
6159   // Only visit the condition, unless we can be sure which subexpression will
6160   // be chosen.
6161   void VisitAbstractConditionalOperator(AbstractConditionalOperator *CO) {
6162     EvaluationTracker Eval(*this);
6163     {
6164       SequencedSubexpression Sequenced(*this);
6165       Visit(CO->getCond());
6166     }
6167 
6168     bool Result;
6169     if (Eval.evaluate(CO->getCond(), Result))
6170       Visit(Result ? CO->getTrueExpr() : CO->getFalseExpr());
6171     else {
6172       WorkList.push_back(CO->getTrueExpr());
6173       WorkList.push_back(CO->getFalseExpr());
6174     }
6175   }
6176 
6177   void VisitCallExpr(CallExpr *CE) {
6178     // C++11 [intro.execution]p15:
6179     //   When calling a function [...], every value computation and side effect
6180     //   associated with any argument expression, or with the postfix expression
6181     //   designating the called function, is sequenced before execution of every
6182     //   expression or statement in the body of the function [and thus before
6183     //   the value computation of its result].
6184     SequencedSubexpression Sequenced(*this);
6185     Base::VisitCallExpr(CE);
6186 
6187     // FIXME: CXXNewExpr and CXXDeleteExpr implicitly call functions.
6188   }
6189 
6190   void VisitCXXConstructExpr(CXXConstructExpr *CCE) {
6191     // This is a call, so all subexpressions are sequenced before the result.
6192     SequencedSubexpression Sequenced(*this);
6193 
6194     if (!CCE->isListInitialization())
6195       return VisitExpr(CCE);
6196 
6197     // In C++11, list initializations are sequenced.
6198     SmallVector<SequenceTree::Seq, 32> Elts;
6199     SequenceTree::Seq Parent = Region;
6200     for (CXXConstructExpr::arg_iterator I = CCE->arg_begin(),
6201                                         E = CCE->arg_end();
6202          I != E; ++I) {
6203       Region = Tree.allocate(Parent);
6204       Elts.push_back(Region);
6205       Visit(*I);
6206     }
6207 
6208     // Forget that the initializers are sequenced.
6209     Region = Parent;
6210     for (unsigned I = 0; I < Elts.size(); ++I)
6211       Tree.merge(Elts[I]);
6212   }
6213 
6214   void VisitInitListExpr(InitListExpr *ILE) {
6215     if (!SemaRef.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus11)
6216       return VisitExpr(ILE);
6217 
6218     // In C++11, list initializations are sequenced.
6219     SmallVector<SequenceTree::Seq, 32> Elts;
6220     SequenceTree::Seq Parent = Region;
6221     for (unsigned I = 0; I < ILE->getNumInits(); ++I) {
6222       Expr *E = ILE->getInit(I);
6223       if (!E) continue;
6224       Region = Tree.allocate(Parent);
6225       Elts.push_back(Region);
6226       Visit(E);
6227     }
6228 
6229     // Forget that the initializers are sequenced.
6230     Region = Parent;
6231     for (unsigned I = 0; I < Elts.size(); ++I)
6232       Tree.merge(Elts[I]);
6233   }
6234 };
6235 }
6236 
6237 void Sema::CheckUnsequencedOperations(Expr *E) {
6238   SmallVector<Expr *, 8> WorkList;
6239   WorkList.push_back(E);
6240   while (!WorkList.empty()) {
6241     Expr *Item = WorkList.pop_back_val();
6242     SequenceChecker(*this, Item, WorkList);
6243   }
6244 }
6245 
6246 void Sema::CheckCompletedExpr(Expr *E, SourceLocation CheckLoc,
6247                               bool IsConstexpr) {
6248   CheckImplicitConversions(E, CheckLoc);
6249   CheckUnsequencedOperations(E);
6250   if (!IsConstexpr && !E->isValueDependent())
6251     CheckForIntOverflow(E);
6252 }
6253 
6254 void Sema::CheckBitFieldInitialization(SourceLocation InitLoc,
6255                                        FieldDecl *BitField,
6256                                        Expr *Init) {
6257   (void) AnalyzeBitFieldAssignment(*this, BitField, Init, InitLoc);
6258 }
6259 
6260 /// CheckParmsForFunctionDef - Check that the parameters of the given
6261 /// function are appropriate for the definition of a function. This
6262 /// takes care of any checks that cannot be performed on the
6263 /// declaration itself, e.g., that the types of each of the function
6264 /// parameters are complete.
6265 bool Sema::CheckParmsForFunctionDef(ParmVarDecl *const *P,
6266                                     ParmVarDecl *const *PEnd,
6267                                     bool CheckParameterNames) {
6268   bool HasInvalidParm = false;
6269   for (; P != PEnd; ++P) {
6270     ParmVarDecl *Param = *P;
6271 
6272     // C99 6.7.5.3p4: the parameters in a parameter type list in a
6273     // function declarator that is part of a function definition of
6274     // that function shall not have incomplete type.
6275     //
6276     // This is also C++ [dcl.fct]p6.
6277     if (!Param->isInvalidDecl() &&
6278         RequireCompleteType(Param->getLocation(), Param->getType(),
6279                             diag::err_typecheck_decl_incomplete_type)) {
6280       Param->setInvalidDecl();
6281       HasInvalidParm = true;
6282     }
6283 
6284     // C99 6.9.1p5: If the declarator includes a parameter type list, the
6285     // declaration of each parameter shall include an identifier.
6286     if (CheckParameterNames &&
6287         Param->getIdentifier() == 0 &&
6288         !Param->isImplicit() &&
6289         !getLangOpts().CPlusPlus)
6290       Diag(Param->getLocation(), diag::err_parameter_name_omitted);
6291 
6292     // C99 6.7.5.3p12:
6293     //   If the function declarator is not part of a definition of that
6294     //   function, parameters may have incomplete type and may use the [*]
6295     //   notation in their sequences of declarator specifiers to specify
6296     //   variable length array types.
6297     QualType PType = Param->getOriginalType();
6298     while (const ArrayType *AT = Context.getAsArrayType(PType)) {
6299       if (AT->getSizeModifier() == ArrayType::Star) {
6300         // FIXME: This diagnostic should point the '[*]' if source-location
6301         // information is added for it.
6302         Diag(Param->getLocation(), diag::err_array_star_in_function_definition);
6303         break;
6304       }
6305       PType= AT->getElementType();
6306     }
6307 
6308     // MSVC destroys objects passed by value in the callee.  Therefore a
6309     // function definition which takes such a parameter must be able to call the
6310     // object's destructor.  However, we don't perform any direct access check
6311     // on the dtor.
6312     if (getLangOpts().CPlusPlus && Context.getTargetInfo()
6313                                        .getCXXABI()
6314                                        .areArgsDestroyedLeftToRightInCallee()) {
6315       if (!Param->isInvalidDecl()) {
6316         if (const RecordType *RT = Param->getType()->getAs<RecordType>()) {
6317           CXXRecordDecl *ClassDecl = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(RT->getDecl());
6318           if (!ClassDecl->isInvalidDecl() &&
6319               !ClassDecl->hasIrrelevantDestructor() &&
6320               !ClassDecl->isDependentContext()) {
6321             CXXDestructorDecl *Destructor = LookupDestructor(ClassDecl);
6322             MarkFunctionReferenced(Param->getLocation(), Destructor);
6323             DiagnoseUseOfDecl(Destructor, Param->getLocation());
6324           }
6325         }
6326       }
6327     }
6328   }
6329 
6330   return HasInvalidParm;
6331 }
6332 
6333 /// CheckCastAlign - Implements -Wcast-align, which warns when a
6334 /// pointer cast increases the alignment requirements.
6335 void Sema::CheckCastAlign(Expr *Op, QualType T, SourceRange TRange) {
6336   // This is actually a lot of work to potentially be doing on every
6337   // cast; don't do it if we're ignoring -Wcast_align (as is the default).
6338   if (getDiagnostics().getDiagnosticLevel(diag::warn_cast_align,
6339                                           TRange.getBegin())
6340         == DiagnosticsEngine::Ignored)
6341     return;
6342 
6343   // Ignore dependent types.
6344   if (T->isDependentType() || Op->getType()->isDependentType())
6345     return;
6346 
6347   // Require that the destination be a pointer type.
6348   const PointerType *DestPtr = T->getAs<PointerType>();
6349   if (!DestPtr) return;
6350 
6351   // If the destination has alignment 1, we're done.
6352   QualType DestPointee = DestPtr->getPointeeType();
6353   if (DestPointee->isIncompleteType()) return;
6354   CharUnits DestAlign = Context.getTypeAlignInChars(DestPointee);
6355   if (DestAlign.isOne()) return;
6356 
6357   // Require that the source be a pointer type.
6358   const PointerType *SrcPtr = Op->getType()->getAs<PointerType>();
6359   if (!SrcPtr) return;
6360   QualType SrcPointee = SrcPtr->getPointeeType();
6361 
6362   // Whitelist casts from cv void*.  We already implicitly
6363   // whitelisted casts to cv void*, since they have alignment 1.
6364   // Also whitelist casts involving incomplete types, which implicitly
6365   // includes 'void'.
6366   if (SrcPointee->isIncompleteType()) return;
6367 
6368   CharUnits SrcAlign = Context.getTypeAlignInChars(SrcPointee);
6369   if (SrcAlign >= DestAlign) return;
6370 
6371   Diag(TRange.getBegin(), diag::warn_cast_align)
6372     << Op->getType() << T
6373     << static_cast<unsigned>(SrcAlign.getQuantity())
6374     << static_cast<unsigned>(DestAlign.getQuantity())
6375     << TRange << Op->getSourceRange();
6376 }
6377 
6378 static const Type* getElementType(const Expr *BaseExpr) {
6379   const Type* EltType = BaseExpr->getType().getTypePtr();
6380   if (EltType->isAnyPointerType())
6381     return EltType->getPointeeType().getTypePtr();
6382   else if (EltType->isArrayType())
6383     return EltType->getBaseElementTypeUnsafe();
6384   return EltType;
6385 }
6386 
6387 /// \brief Check whether this array fits the idiom of a size-one tail padded
6388 /// array member of a struct.
6389 ///
6390 /// We avoid emitting out-of-bounds access warnings for such arrays as they are
6391 /// commonly used to emulate flexible arrays in C89 code.
6392 static bool IsTailPaddedMemberArray(Sema &S, llvm::APInt Size,
6393                                     const NamedDecl *ND) {
6394   if (Size != 1 || !ND) return false;
6395 
6396   const FieldDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FieldDecl>(ND);
6397   if (!FD) return false;
6398 
6399   // Don't consider sizes resulting from macro expansions or template argument
6400   // substitution to form C89 tail-padded arrays.
6401 
6402   TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = FD->getTypeSourceInfo();
6403   while (TInfo) {
6404     TypeLoc TL = TInfo->getTypeLoc();
6405     // Look through typedefs.
6406     if (TypedefTypeLoc TTL = TL.getAs<TypedefTypeLoc>()) {
6407       const TypedefNameDecl *TDL = TTL.getTypedefNameDecl();
6408       TInfo = TDL->getTypeSourceInfo();
6409       continue;
6410     }
6411     if (ConstantArrayTypeLoc CTL = TL.getAs<ConstantArrayTypeLoc>()) {
6412       const Expr *SizeExpr = dyn_cast<IntegerLiteral>(CTL.getSizeExpr());
6413       if (!SizeExpr || SizeExpr->getExprLoc().isMacroID())
6414         return false;
6415     }
6416     break;
6417   }
6418 
6419   const RecordDecl *RD = dyn_cast<RecordDecl>(FD->getDeclContext());
6420   if (!RD) return false;
6421   if (RD->isUnion()) return false;
6422   if (const CXXRecordDecl *CRD = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(RD)) {
6423     if (!CRD->isStandardLayout()) return false;
6424   }
6425 
6426   // See if this is the last field decl in the record.
6427   const Decl *D = FD;
6428   while ((D = D->getNextDeclInContext()))
6429     if (isa<FieldDecl>(D))
6430       return false;
6431   return true;
6432 }
6433 
6434 void Sema::CheckArrayAccess(const Expr *BaseExpr, const Expr *IndexExpr,
6435                             const ArraySubscriptExpr *ASE,
6436                             bool AllowOnePastEnd, bool IndexNegated) {
6437   IndexExpr = IndexExpr->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
6438   if (IndexExpr->isValueDependent())
6439     return;
6440 
6441   const Type *EffectiveType = getElementType(BaseExpr);
6442   BaseExpr = BaseExpr->IgnoreParenCasts();
6443   const ConstantArrayType *ArrayTy =
6444     Context.getAsConstantArrayType(BaseExpr->getType());
6445   if (!ArrayTy)
6446     return;
6447 
6448   llvm::APSInt index;
6449   if (!IndexExpr->EvaluateAsInt(index, Context))
6450     return;
6451   if (IndexNegated)
6452     index = -index;
6453 
6454   const NamedDecl *ND = NULL;
6455   if (const DeclRefExpr *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(BaseExpr))
6456     ND = dyn_cast<NamedDecl>(DRE->getDecl());
6457   if (const MemberExpr *ME = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(BaseExpr))
6458     ND = dyn_cast<NamedDecl>(ME->getMemberDecl());
6459 
6460   if (index.isUnsigned() || !index.isNegative()) {
6461     llvm::APInt size = ArrayTy->getSize();
6462     if (!size.isStrictlyPositive())
6463       return;
6464 
6465     const Type* BaseType = getElementType(BaseExpr);
6466     if (BaseType != EffectiveType) {
6467       // Make sure we're comparing apples to apples when comparing index to size
6468       uint64_t ptrarith_typesize = Context.getTypeSize(EffectiveType);
6469       uint64_t array_typesize = Context.getTypeSize(BaseType);
6470       // Handle ptrarith_typesize being zero, such as when casting to void*
6471       if (!ptrarith_typesize) ptrarith_typesize = 1;
6472       if (ptrarith_typesize != array_typesize) {
6473         // There's a cast to a different size type involved
6474         uint64_t ratio = array_typesize / ptrarith_typesize;
6475         // TODO: Be smarter about handling cases where array_typesize is not a
6476         // multiple of ptrarith_typesize
6477         if (ptrarith_typesize * ratio == array_typesize)
6478           size *= llvm::APInt(size.getBitWidth(), ratio);
6479       }
6480     }
6481 
6482     if (size.getBitWidth() > index.getBitWidth())
6483       index = index.zext(size.getBitWidth());
6484     else if (size.getBitWidth() < index.getBitWidth())
6485       size = size.zext(index.getBitWidth());
6486 
6487     // For array subscripting the index must be less than size, but for pointer
6488     // arithmetic also allow the index (offset) to be equal to size since
6489     // computing the next address after the end of the array is legal and
6490     // commonly done e.g. in C++ iterators and range-based for loops.
6491     if (AllowOnePastEnd ? index.ule(size) : index.ult(size))
6492       return;
6493 
6494     // Also don't warn for arrays of size 1 which are members of some
6495     // structure. These are often used to approximate flexible arrays in C89
6496     // code.
6497     if (IsTailPaddedMemberArray(*this, size, ND))
6498       return;
6499 
6500     // Suppress the warning if the subscript expression (as identified by the
6501     // ']' location) and the index expression are both from macro expansions
6502     // within a system header.
6503     if (ASE) {
6504       SourceLocation RBracketLoc = SourceMgr.getSpellingLoc(
6505           ASE->getRBracketLoc());
6506       if (SourceMgr.isInSystemHeader(RBracketLoc)) {
6507         SourceLocation IndexLoc = SourceMgr.getSpellingLoc(
6508             IndexExpr->getLocStart());
6509         if (SourceMgr.isWrittenInSameFile(RBracketLoc, IndexLoc))
6510           return;
6511       }
6512     }
6513 
6514     unsigned DiagID = diag::warn_ptr_arith_exceeds_bounds;
6515     if (ASE)
6516       DiagID = diag::warn_array_index_exceeds_bounds;
6517 
6518     DiagRuntimeBehavior(BaseExpr->getLocStart(), BaseExpr,
6519                         PDiag(DiagID) << index.toString(10, true)
6520                           << size.toString(10, true)
6521                           << (unsigned)size.getLimitedValue(~0U)
6522                           << IndexExpr->getSourceRange());
6523   } else {
6524     unsigned DiagID = diag::warn_array_index_precedes_bounds;
6525     if (!ASE) {
6526       DiagID = diag::warn_ptr_arith_precedes_bounds;
6527       if (index.isNegative()) index = -index;
6528     }
6529 
6530     DiagRuntimeBehavior(BaseExpr->getLocStart(), BaseExpr,
6531                         PDiag(DiagID) << index.toString(10, true)
6532                           << IndexExpr->getSourceRange());
6533   }
6534 
6535   if (!ND) {
6536     // Try harder to find a NamedDecl to point at in the note.
6537     while (const ArraySubscriptExpr *ASE =
6538            dyn_cast<ArraySubscriptExpr>(BaseExpr))
6539       BaseExpr = ASE->getBase()->IgnoreParenCasts();
6540     if (const DeclRefExpr *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(BaseExpr))
6541       ND = dyn_cast<NamedDecl>(DRE->getDecl());
6542     if (const MemberExpr *ME = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(BaseExpr))
6543       ND = dyn_cast<NamedDecl>(ME->getMemberDecl());
6544   }
6545 
6546   if (ND)
6547     DiagRuntimeBehavior(ND->getLocStart(), BaseExpr,
6548                         PDiag(diag::note_array_index_out_of_bounds)
6549                           << ND->getDeclName());
6550 }
6551 
6552 void Sema::CheckArrayAccess(const Expr *expr) {
6553   int AllowOnePastEnd = 0;
6554   while (expr) {
6555     expr = expr->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
6556     switch (expr->getStmtClass()) {
6557       case Stmt::ArraySubscriptExprClass: {
6558         const ArraySubscriptExpr *ASE = cast<ArraySubscriptExpr>(expr);
6559         CheckArrayAccess(ASE->getBase(), ASE->getIdx(), ASE,
6560                          AllowOnePastEnd > 0);
6561         return;
6562       }
6563       case Stmt::UnaryOperatorClass: {
6564         // Only unwrap the * and & unary operators
6565         const UnaryOperator *UO = cast<UnaryOperator>(expr);
6566         expr = UO->getSubExpr();
6567         switch (UO->getOpcode()) {
6568           case UO_AddrOf:
6569             AllowOnePastEnd++;
6570             break;
6571           case UO_Deref:
6572             AllowOnePastEnd--;
6573             break;
6574           default:
6575             return;
6576         }
6577         break;
6578       }
6579       case Stmt::ConditionalOperatorClass: {
6580         const ConditionalOperator *cond = cast<ConditionalOperator>(expr);
6581         if (const Expr *lhs = cond->getLHS())
6582           CheckArrayAccess(lhs);
6583         if (const Expr *rhs = cond->getRHS())
6584           CheckArrayAccess(rhs);
6585         return;
6586       }
6587       default:
6588         return;
6589     }
6590   }
6591 }
6592 
6593 //===--- CHECK: Objective-C retain cycles ----------------------------------//
6594 
6595 namespace {
6596   struct RetainCycleOwner {
6597     RetainCycleOwner() : Variable(0), Indirect(false) {}
6598     VarDecl *Variable;
6599     SourceRange Range;
6600     SourceLocation Loc;
6601     bool Indirect;
6602 
6603     void setLocsFrom(Expr *e) {
6604       Loc = e->getExprLoc();
6605       Range = e->getSourceRange();
6606     }
6607   };
6608 }
6609 
6610 /// Consider whether capturing the given variable can possibly lead to
6611 /// a retain cycle.
6612 static bool considerVariable(VarDecl *var, Expr *ref, RetainCycleOwner &owner) {
6613   // In ARC, it's captured strongly iff the variable has __strong
6614   // lifetime.  In MRR, it's captured strongly if the variable is
6615   // __block and has an appropriate type.
6616   if (var->getType().getObjCLifetime() != Qualifiers::OCL_Strong)
6617     return false;
6618 
6619   owner.Variable = var;
6620   if (ref)
6621     owner.setLocsFrom(ref);
6622   return true;
6623 }
6624 
6625 static bool findRetainCycleOwner(Sema &S, Expr *e, RetainCycleOwner &owner) {
6626   while (true) {
6627     e = e->IgnoreParens();
6628     if (CastExpr *cast = dyn_cast<CastExpr>(e)) {
6629       switch (cast->getCastKind()) {
6630       case CK_BitCast:
6631       case CK_LValueBitCast:
6632       case CK_LValueToRValue:
6633       case CK_ARCReclaimReturnedObject:
6634         e = cast->getSubExpr();
6635         continue;
6636 
6637       default:
6638         return false;
6639       }
6640     }
6641 
6642     if (ObjCIvarRefExpr *ref = dyn_cast<ObjCIvarRefExpr>(e)) {
6643       ObjCIvarDecl *ivar = ref->getDecl();
6644       if (ivar->getType().getObjCLifetime() != Qualifiers::OCL_Strong)
6645         return false;
6646 
6647       // Try to find a retain cycle in the base.
6648       if (!findRetainCycleOwner(S, ref->getBase(), owner))
6649         return false;
6650 
6651       if (ref->isFreeIvar()) owner.setLocsFrom(ref);
6652       owner.Indirect = true;
6653       return true;
6654     }
6655 
6656     if (DeclRefExpr *ref = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(e)) {
6657       VarDecl *var = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(ref->getDecl());
6658       if (!var) return false;
6659       return considerVariable(var, ref, owner);
6660     }
6661 
6662     if (MemberExpr *member = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(e)) {
6663       if (member->isArrow()) return false;
6664 
6665       // Don't count this as an indirect ownership.
6666       e = member->getBase();
6667       continue;
6668     }
6669 
6670     if (PseudoObjectExpr *pseudo = dyn_cast<PseudoObjectExpr>(e)) {
6671       // Only pay attention to pseudo-objects on property references.
6672       ObjCPropertyRefExpr *pre
6673         = dyn_cast<ObjCPropertyRefExpr>(pseudo->getSyntacticForm()
6674                                               ->IgnoreParens());
6675       if (!pre) return false;
6676       if (pre->isImplicitProperty()) return false;
6677       ObjCPropertyDecl *property = pre->getExplicitProperty();
6678       if (!property->isRetaining() &&
6679           !(property->getPropertyIvarDecl() &&
6680             property->getPropertyIvarDecl()->getType()
6681               .getObjCLifetime() == Qualifiers::OCL_Strong))
6682           return false;
6683 
6684       owner.Indirect = true;
6685       if (pre->isSuperReceiver()) {
6686         owner.Variable = S.getCurMethodDecl()->getSelfDecl();
6687         if (!owner.Variable)
6688           return false;
6689         owner.Loc = pre->getLocation();
6690         owner.Range = pre->getSourceRange();
6691         return true;
6692       }
6693       e = const_cast<Expr*>(cast<OpaqueValueExpr>(pre->getBase())
6694                               ->getSourceExpr());
6695       continue;
6696     }
6697 
6698     // Array ivars?
6699 
6700     return false;
6701   }
6702 }
6703 
6704 namespace {
6705   struct FindCaptureVisitor : EvaluatedExprVisitor<FindCaptureVisitor> {
6706     FindCaptureVisitor(ASTContext &Context, VarDecl *variable)
6707       : EvaluatedExprVisitor<FindCaptureVisitor>(Context),
6708         Variable(variable), Capturer(0) {}
6709 
6710     VarDecl *Variable;
6711     Expr *Capturer;
6712 
6713     void VisitDeclRefExpr(DeclRefExpr *ref) {
6714       if (ref->getDecl() == Variable && !Capturer)
6715         Capturer = ref;
6716     }
6717 
6718     void VisitObjCIvarRefExpr(ObjCIvarRefExpr *ref) {
6719       if (Capturer) return;
6720       Visit(ref->getBase());
6721       if (Capturer && ref->isFreeIvar())
6722         Capturer = ref;
6723     }
6724 
6725     void VisitBlockExpr(BlockExpr *block) {
6726       // Look inside nested blocks
6727       if (block->getBlockDecl()->capturesVariable(Variable))
6728         Visit(block->getBlockDecl()->getBody());
6729     }
6730 
6731     void VisitOpaqueValueExpr(OpaqueValueExpr *OVE) {
6732       if (Capturer) return;
6733       if (OVE->getSourceExpr())
6734         Visit(OVE->getSourceExpr());
6735     }
6736   };
6737 }
6738 
6739 /// Check whether the given argument is a block which captures a
6740 /// variable.
6741 static Expr *findCapturingExpr(Sema &S, Expr *e, RetainCycleOwner &owner) {
6742   assert(owner.Variable && owner.Loc.isValid());
6743 
6744   e = e->IgnoreParenCasts();
6745 
6746   // Look through [^{...} copy] and Block_copy(^{...}).
6747   if (ObjCMessageExpr *ME = dyn_cast<ObjCMessageExpr>(e)) {
6748     Selector Cmd = ME->getSelector();
6749     if (Cmd.isUnarySelector() && Cmd.getNameForSlot(0) == "copy") {
6750       e = ME->getInstanceReceiver();
6751       if (!e)
6752         return 0;
6753       e = e->IgnoreParenCasts();
6754     }
6755   } else if (CallExpr *CE = dyn_cast<CallExpr>(e)) {
6756     if (CE->getNumArgs() == 1) {
6757       FunctionDecl *Fn = dyn_cast_or_null<FunctionDecl>(CE->getCalleeDecl());
6758       if (Fn) {
6759         const IdentifierInfo *FnI = Fn->getIdentifier();
6760         if (FnI && FnI->isStr("_Block_copy")) {
6761           e = CE->getArg(0)->IgnoreParenCasts();
6762         }
6763       }
6764     }
6765   }
6766 
6767   BlockExpr *block = dyn_cast<BlockExpr>(e);
6768   if (!block || !block->getBlockDecl()->capturesVariable(owner.Variable))
6769     return 0;
6770 
6771   FindCaptureVisitor visitor(S.Context, owner.Variable);
6772   visitor.Visit(block->getBlockDecl()->getBody());
6773   return visitor.Capturer;
6774 }
6775 
6776 static void diagnoseRetainCycle(Sema &S, Expr *capturer,
6777                                 RetainCycleOwner &owner) {
6778   assert(capturer);
6779   assert(owner.Variable && owner.Loc.isValid());
6780 
6781   S.Diag(capturer->getExprLoc(), diag::warn_arc_retain_cycle)
6782     << owner.Variable << capturer->getSourceRange();
6783   S.Diag(owner.Loc, diag::note_arc_retain_cycle_owner)
6784     << owner.Indirect << owner.Range;
6785 }
6786 
6787 /// Check for a keyword selector that starts with the word 'add' or
6788 /// 'set'.
6789 static bool isSetterLikeSelector(Selector sel) {
6790   if (sel.isUnarySelector()) return false;
6791 
6792   StringRef str = sel.getNameForSlot(0);
6793   while (!str.empty() && str.front() == '_') str = str.substr(1);
6794   if (str.startswith("set"))
6795     str = str.substr(3);
6796   else if (str.startswith("add")) {
6797     // Specially whitelist 'addOperationWithBlock:'.
6798     if (sel.getNumArgs() == 1 && str.startswith("addOperationWithBlock"))
6799       return false;
6800     str = str.substr(3);
6801   }
6802   else
6803     return false;
6804 
6805   if (str.empty()) return true;
6806   return !isLowercase(str.front());
6807 }
6808 
6809 /// Check a message send to see if it's likely to cause a retain cycle.
6810 void Sema::checkRetainCycles(ObjCMessageExpr *msg) {
6811   // Only check instance methods whose selector looks like a setter.
6812   if (!msg->isInstanceMessage() || !isSetterLikeSelector(msg->getSelector()))
6813     return;
6814 
6815   // Try to find a variable that the receiver is strongly owned by.
6816   RetainCycleOwner owner;
6817   if (msg->getReceiverKind() == ObjCMessageExpr::Instance) {
6818     if (!findRetainCycleOwner(*this, msg->getInstanceReceiver(), owner))
6819       return;
6820   } else {
6821     assert(msg->getReceiverKind() == ObjCMessageExpr::SuperInstance);
6822     owner.Variable = getCurMethodDecl()->getSelfDecl();
6823     owner.Loc = msg->getSuperLoc();
6824     owner.Range = msg->getSuperLoc();
6825   }
6826 
6827   // Check whether the receiver is captured by any of the arguments.
6828   for (unsigned i = 0, e = msg->getNumArgs(); i != e; ++i)
6829     if (Expr *capturer = findCapturingExpr(*this, msg->getArg(i), owner))
6830       return diagnoseRetainCycle(*this, capturer, owner);
6831 }
6832 
6833 /// Check a property assign to see if it's likely to cause a retain cycle.
6834 void Sema::checkRetainCycles(Expr *receiver, Expr *argument) {
6835   RetainCycleOwner owner;
6836   if (!findRetainCycleOwner(*this, receiver, owner))
6837     return;
6838 
6839   if (Expr *capturer = findCapturingExpr(*this, argument, owner))
6840     diagnoseRetainCycle(*this, capturer, owner);
6841 }
6842 
6843 void Sema::checkRetainCycles(VarDecl *Var, Expr *Init) {
6844   RetainCycleOwner Owner;
6845   if (!considerVariable(Var, /*DeclRefExpr=*/0, Owner))
6846     return;
6847 
6848   // Because we don't have an expression for the variable, we have to set the
6849   // location explicitly here.
6850   Owner.Loc = Var->getLocation();
6851   Owner.Range = Var->getSourceRange();
6852 
6853   if (Expr *Capturer = findCapturingExpr(*this, Init, Owner))
6854     diagnoseRetainCycle(*this, Capturer, Owner);
6855 }
6856 
6857 static bool checkUnsafeAssignLiteral(Sema &S, SourceLocation Loc,
6858                                      Expr *RHS, bool isProperty) {
6859   // Check if RHS is an Objective-C object literal, which also can get
6860   // immediately zapped in a weak reference.  Note that we explicitly
6861   // allow ObjCStringLiterals, since those are designed to never really die.
6862   RHS = RHS->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
6863 
6864   // This enum needs to match with the 'select' in
6865   // warn_objc_arc_literal_assign (off-by-1).
6866   Sema::ObjCLiteralKind Kind = S.CheckLiteralKind(RHS);
6867   if (Kind == Sema::LK_String || Kind == Sema::LK_None)
6868     return false;
6869 
6870   S.Diag(Loc, diag::warn_arc_literal_assign)
6871     << (unsigned) Kind
6872     << (isProperty ? 0 : 1)
6873     << RHS->getSourceRange();
6874 
6875   return true;
6876 }
6877 
6878 static bool checkUnsafeAssignObject(Sema &S, SourceLocation Loc,
6879                                     Qualifiers::ObjCLifetime LT,
6880                                     Expr *RHS, bool isProperty) {
6881   // Strip off any implicit cast added to get to the one ARC-specific.
6882   while (ImplicitCastExpr *cast = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(RHS)) {
6883     if (cast->getCastKind() == CK_ARCConsumeObject) {
6884       S.Diag(Loc, diag::warn_arc_retained_assign)
6885         << (LT == Qualifiers::OCL_ExplicitNone)
6886         << (isProperty ? 0 : 1)
6887         << RHS->getSourceRange();
6888       return true;
6889     }
6890     RHS = cast->getSubExpr();
6891   }
6892 
6893   if (LT == Qualifiers::OCL_Weak &&
6894       checkUnsafeAssignLiteral(S, Loc, RHS, isProperty))
6895     return true;
6896 
6897   return false;
6898 }
6899 
6900 bool Sema::checkUnsafeAssigns(SourceLocation Loc,
6901                               QualType LHS, Expr *RHS) {
6902   Qualifiers::ObjCLifetime LT = LHS.getObjCLifetime();
6903 
6904   if (LT != Qualifiers::OCL_Weak && LT != Qualifiers::OCL_ExplicitNone)
6905     return false;
6906 
6907   if (checkUnsafeAssignObject(*this, Loc, LT, RHS, false))
6908     return true;
6909 
6910   return false;
6911 }
6912 
6913 void Sema::checkUnsafeExprAssigns(SourceLocation Loc,
6914                               Expr *LHS, Expr *RHS) {
6915   QualType LHSType;
6916   // PropertyRef on LHS type need be directly obtained from
6917   // its declaration as it has a PseudoType.
6918   ObjCPropertyRefExpr *PRE
6919     = dyn_cast<ObjCPropertyRefExpr>(LHS->IgnoreParens());
6920   if (PRE && !PRE->isImplicitProperty()) {
6921     const ObjCPropertyDecl *PD = PRE->getExplicitProperty();
6922     if (PD)
6923       LHSType = PD->getType();
6924   }
6925 
6926   if (LHSType.isNull())
6927     LHSType = LHS->getType();
6928 
6929   Qualifiers::ObjCLifetime LT = LHSType.getObjCLifetime();
6930 
6931   if (LT == Qualifiers::OCL_Weak) {
6932     DiagnosticsEngine::Level Level =
6933       Diags.getDiagnosticLevel(diag::warn_arc_repeated_use_of_weak, Loc);
6934     if (Level != DiagnosticsEngine::Ignored)
6935       getCurFunction()->markSafeWeakUse(LHS);
6936   }
6937 
6938   if (checkUnsafeAssigns(Loc, LHSType, RHS))
6939     return;
6940 
6941   // FIXME. Check for other life times.
6942   if (LT != Qualifiers::OCL_None)
6943     return;
6944 
6945   if (PRE) {
6946     if (PRE->isImplicitProperty())
6947       return;
6948     const ObjCPropertyDecl *PD = PRE->getExplicitProperty();
6949     if (!PD)
6950       return;
6951 
6952     unsigned Attributes = PD->getPropertyAttributes();
6953     if (Attributes & ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_assign) {
6954       // when 'assign' attribute was not explicitly specified
6955       // by user, ignore it and rely on property type itself
6956       // for lifetime info.
6957       unsigned AsWrittenAttr = PD->getPropertyAttributesAsWritten();
6958       if (!(AsWrittenAttr & ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_assign) &&
6959           LHSType->isObjCRetainableType())
6960         return;
6961 
6962       while (ImplicitCastExpr *cast = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(RHS)) {
6963         if (cast->getCastKind() == CK_ARCConsumeObject) {
6964           Diag(Loc, diag::warn_arc_retained_property_assign)
6965           << RHS->getSourceRange();
6966           return;
6967         }
6968         RHS = cast->getSubExpr();
6969       }
6970     }
6971     else if (Attributes & ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_weak) {
6972       if (checkUnsafeAssignObject(*this, Loc, Qualifiers::OCL_Weak, RHS, true))
6973         return;
6974     }
6975   }
6976 }
6977 
6978 //===--- CHECK: Empty statement body (-Wempty-body) ---------------------===//
6979 
6980 namespace {
6981 bool ShouldDiagnoseEmptyStmtBody(const SourceManager &SourceMgr,
6982                                  SourceLocation StmtLoc,
6983                                  const NullStmt *Body) {
6984   // Do not warn if the body is a macro that expands to nothing, e.g:
6985   //
6986   // #define CALL(x)
6987   // if (condition)
6988   //   CALL(0);
6989   //
6990   if (Body->hasLeadingEmptyMacro())
6991     return false;
6992 
6993   // Get line numbers of statement and body.
6994   bool StmtLineInvalid;
6995   unsigned StmtLine = SourceMgr.getSpellingLineNumber(StmtLoc,
6996                                                       &StmtLineInvalid);
6997   if (StmtLineInvalid)
6998     return false;
6999 
7000   bool BodyLineInvalid;
7001   unsigned BodyLine = SourceMgr.getSpellingLineNumber(Body->getSemiLoc(),
7002                                                       &BodyLineInvalid);
7003   if (BodyLineInvalid)
7004     return false;
7005 
7006   // Warn if null statement and body are on the same line.
7007   if (StmtLine != BodyLine)
7008     return false;
7009 
7010   return true;
7011 }
7012 } // Unnamed namespace
7013 
7014 void Sema::DiagnoseEmptyStmtBody(SourceLocation StmtLoc,
7015                                  const Stmt *Body,
7016                                  unsigned DiagID) {
7017   // Since this is a syntactic check, don't emit diagnostic for template
7018   // instantiations, this just adds noise.
7019   if (CurrentInstantiationScope)
7020     return;
7021 
7022   // The body should be a null statement.
7023   const NullStmt *NBody = dyn_cast<NullStmt>(Body);
7024   if (!NBody)
7025     return;
7026 
7027   // Do the usual checks.
7028   if (!ShouldDiagnoseEmptyStmtBody(SourceMgr, StmtLoc, NBody))
7029     return;
7030 
7031   Diag(NBody->getSemiLoc(), DiagID);
7032   Diag(NBody->getSemiLoc(), diag::note_empty_body_on_separate_line);
7033 }
7034 
7035 void Sema::DiagnoseEmptyLoopBody(const Stmt *S,
7036                                  const Stmt *PossibleBody) {
7037   assert(!CurrentInstantiationScope); // Ensured by caller
7038 
7039   SourceLocation StmtLoc;
7040   const Stmt *Body;
7041   unsigned DiagID;
7042   if (const ForStmt *FS = dyn_cast<ForStmt>(S)) {
7043     StmtLoc = FS->getRParenLoc();
7044     Body = FS->getBody();
7045     DiagID = diag::warn_empty_for_body;
7046   } else if (const WhileStmt *WS = dyn_cast<WhileStmt>(S)) {
7047     StmtLoc = WS->getCond()->getSourceRange().getEnd();
7048     Body = WS->getBody();
7049     DiagID = diag::warn_empty_while_body;
7050   } else
7051     return; // Neither `for' nor `while'.
7052 
7053   // The body should be a null statement.
7054   const NullStmt *NBody = dyn_cast<NullStmt>(Body);
7055   if (!NBody)
7056     return;
7057 
7058   // Skip expensive checks if diagnostic is disabled.
7059   if (Diags.getDiagnosticLevel(DiagID, NBody->getSemiLoc()) ==
7060           DiagnosticsEngine::Ignored)
7061     return;
7062 
7063   // Do the usual checks.
7064   if (!ShouldDiagnoseEmptyStmtBody(SourceMgr, StmtLoc, NBody))
7065     return;
7066 
7067   // `for(...);' and `while(...);' are popular idioms, so in order to keep
7068   // noise level low, emit diagnostics only if for/while is followed by a
7069   // CompoundStmt, e.g.:
7070   //    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++);
7071   //    {
7072   //      a(i);
7073   //    }
7074   // or if for/while is followed by a statement with more indentation
7075   // than for/while itself:
7076   //    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++);
7077   //      a(i);
7078   bool ProbableTypo = isa<CompoundStmt>(PossibleBody);
7079   if (!ProbableTypo) {
7080     bool BodyColInvalid;
7081     unsigned BodyCol = SourceMgr.getPresumedColumnNumber(
7082                              PossibleBody->getLocStart(),
7083                              &BodyColInvalid);
7084     if (BodyColInvalid)
7085       return;
7086 
7087     bool StmtColInvalid;
7088     unsigned StmtCol = SourceMgr.getPresumedColumnNumber(
7089                              S->getLocStart(),
7090                              &StmtColInvalid);
7091     if (StmtColInvalid)
7092       return;
7093 
7094     if (BodyCol > StmtCol)
7095       ProbableTypo = true;
7096   }
7097 
7098   if (ProbableTypo) {
7099     Diag(NBody->getSemiLoc(), DiagID);
7100     Diag(NBody->getSemiLoc(), diag::note_empty_body_on_separate_line);
7101   }
7102 }
7103 
7104 //===--- Layout compatibility ----------------------------------------------//
7105 
7106 namespace {
7107 
7108 bool isLayoutCompatible(ASTContext &C, QualType T1, QualType T2);
7109 
7110 /// \brief Check if two enumeration types are layout-compatible.
7111 bool isLayoutCompatible(ASTContext &C, EnumDecl *ED1, EnumDecl *ED2) {
7112   // C++11 [dcl.enum] p8:
7113   // Two enumeration types are layout-compatible if they have the same
7114   // underlying type.
7115   return ED1->isComplete() && ED2->isComplete() &&
7116          C.hasSameType(ED1->getIntegerType(), ED2->getIntegerType());
7117 }
7118 
7119 /// \brief Check if two fields are layout-compatible.
7120 bool isLayoutCompatible(ASTContext &C, FieldDecl *Field1, FieldDecl *Field2) {
7121   if (!isLayoutCompatible(C, Field1->getType(), Field2->getType()))
7122     return false;
7123 
7124   if (Field1->isBitField() != Field2->isBitField())
7125     return false;
7126 
7127   if (Field1->isBitField()) {
7128     // Make sure that the bit-fields are the same length.
7129     unsigned Bits1 = Field1->getBitWidthValue(C);
7130     unsigned Bits2 = Field2->getBitWidthValue(C);
7131 
7132     if (Bits1 != Bits2)
7133       return false;
7134   }
7135 
7136   return true;
7137 }
7138 
7139 /// \brief Check if two standard-layout structs are layout-compatible.
7140 /// (C++11 [class.mem] p17)
7141 bool isLayoutCompatibleStruct(ASTContext &C,
7142                               RecordDecl *RD1,
7143                               RecordDecl *RD2) {
7144   // If both records are C++ classes, check that base classes match.
7145   if (const CXXRecordDecl *D1CXX = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(RD1)) {
7146     // If one of records is a CXXRecordDecl we are in C++ mode,
7147     // thus the other one is a CXXRecordDecl, too.
7148     const CXXRecordDecl *D2CXX = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(RD2);
7149     // Check number of base classes.
7150     if (D1CXX->getNumBases() != D2CXX->getNumBases())
7151       return false;
7152 
7153     // Check the base classes.
7154     for (CXXRecordDecl::base_class_const_iterator
7155                Base1 = D1CXX->bases_begin(),
7156            BaseEnd1 = D1CXX->bases_end(),
7157               Base2 = D2CXX->bases_begin();
7158          Base1 != BaseEnd1;
7159          ++Base1, ++Base2) {
7160       if (!isLayoutCompatible(C, Base1->getType(), Base2->getType()))
7161         return false;
7162     }
7163   } else if (const CXXRecordDecl *D2CXX = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(RD2)) {
7164     // If only RD2 is a C++ class, it should have zero base classes.
7165     if (D2CXX->getNumBases() > 0)
7166       return false;
7167   }
7168 
7169   // Check the fields.
7170   RecordDecl::field_iterator Field2 = RD2->field_begin(),
7171                              Field2End = RD2->field_end(),
7172                              Field1 = RD1->field_begin(),
7173                              Field1End = RD1->field_end();
7174   for ( ; Field1 != Field1End && Field2 != Field2End; ++Field1, ++Field2) {
7175     if (!isLayoutCompatible(C, *Field1, *Field2))
7176       return false;
7177   }
7178   if (Field1 != Field1End || Field2 != Field2End)
7179     return false;
7180 
7181   return true;
7182 }
7183 
7184 /// \brief Check if two standard-layout unions are layout-compatible.
7185 /// (C++11 [class.mem] p18)
7186 bool isLayoutCompatibleUnion(ASTContext &C,
7187                              RecordDecl *RD1,
7188                              RecordDecl *RD2) {
7189   llvm::SmallPtrSet<FieldDecl *, 8> UnmatchedFields;
7190   for (RecordDecl::field_iterator Field2 = RD2->field_begin(),
7191                                   Field2End = RD2->field_end();
7192        Field2 != Field2End; ++Field2) {
7193     UnmatchedFields.insert(*Field2);
7194   }
7195 
7196   for (RecordDecl::field_iterator Field1 = RD1->field_begin(),
7197                                   Field1End = RD1->field_end();
7198        Field1 != Field1End; ++Field1) {
7199     llvm::SmallPtrSet<FieldDecl *, 8>::iterator
7200         I = UnmatchedFields.begin(),
7201         E = UnmatchedFields.end();
7202 
7203     for ( ; I != E; ++I) {
7204       if (isLayoutCompatible(C, *Field1, *I)) {
7205         bool Result = UnmatchedFields.erase(*I);
7206         (void) Result;
7207         assert(Result);
7208         break;
7209       }
7210     }
7211     if (I == E)
7212       return false;
7213   }
7214 
7215   return UnmatchedFields.empty();
7216 }
7217 
7218 bool isLayoutCompatible(ASTContext &C, RecordDecl *RD1, RecordDecl *RD2) {
7219   if (RD1->isUnion() != RD2->isUnion())
7220     return false;
7221 
7222   if (RD1->isUnion())
7223     return isLayoutCompatibleUnion(C, RD1, RD2);
7224   else
7225     return isLayoutCompatibleStruct(C, RD1, RD2);
7226 }
7227 
7228 /// \brief Check if two types are layout-compatible in C++11 sense.
7229 bool isLayoutCompatible(ASTContext &C, QualType T1, QualType T2) {
7230   if (T1.isNull() || T2.isNull())
7231     return false;
7232 
7233   // C++11 [basic.types] p11:
7234   // If two types T1 and T2 are the same type, then T1 and T2 are
7235   // layout-compatible types.
7236   if (C.hasSameType(T1, T2))
7237     return true;
7238 
7239   T1 = T1.getCanonicalType().getUnqualifiedType();
7240   T2 = T2.getCanonicalType().getUnqualifiedType();
7241 
7242   const Type::TypeClass TC1 = T1->getTypeClass();
7243   const Type::TypeClass TC2 = T2->getTypeClass();
7244 
7245   if (TC1 != TC2)
7246     return false;
7247 
7248   if (TC1 == Type::Enum) {
7249     return isLayoutCompatible(C,
7250                               cast<EnumType>(T1)->getDecl(),
7251                               cast<EnumType>(T2)->getDecl());
7252   } else if (TC1 == Type::Record) {
7253     if (!T1->isStandardLayoutType() || !T2->isStandardLayoutType())
7254       return false;
7255 
7256     return isLayoutCompatible(C,
7257                               cast<RecordType>(T1)->getDecl(),
7258                               cast<RecordType>(T2)->getDecl());
7259   }
7260 
7261   return false;
7262 }
7263 }
7264 
7265 //===--- CHECK: pointer_with_type_tag attribute: datatypes should match ----//
7266 
7267 namespace {
7268 /// \brief Given a type tag expression find the type tag itself.
7269 ///
7270 /// \param TypeExpr Type tag expression, as it appears in user's code.
7271 ///
7272 /// \param VD Declaration of an identifier that appears in a type tag.
7273 ///
7274 /// \param MagicValue Type tag magic value.
7275 bool FindTypeTagExpr(const Expr *TypeExpr, const ASTContext &Ctx,
7276                      const ValueDecl **VD, uint64_t *MagicValue) {
7277   while(true) {
7278     if (!TypeExpr)
7279       return false;
7280 
7281     TypeExpr = TypeExpr->IgnoreParenImpCasts()->IgnoreParenCasts();
7282 
7283     switch (TypeExpr->getStmtClass()) {
7284     case Stmt::UnaryOperatorClass: {
7285       const UnaryOperator *UO = cast<UnaryOperator>(TypeExpr);
7286       if (UO->getOpcode() == UO_AddrOf || UO->getOpcode() == UO_Deref) {
7287         TypeExpr = UO->getSubExpr();
7288         continue;
7289       }
7290       return false;
7291     }
7292 
7293     case Stmt::DeclRefExprClass: {
7294       const DeclRefExpr *DRE = cast<DeclRefExpr>(TypeExpr);
7295       *VD = DRE->getDecl();
7296       return true;
7297     }
7298 
7299     case Stmt::IntegerLiteralClass: {
7300       const IntegerLiteral *IL = cast<IntegerLiteral>(TypeExpr);
7301       llvm::APInt MagicValueAPInt = IL->getValue();
7302       if (MagicValueAPInt.getActiveBits() <= 64) {
7303         *MagicValue = MagicValueAPInt.getZExtValue();
7304         return true;
7305       } else
7306         return false;
7307     }
7308 
7309     case Stmt::BinaryConditionalOperatorClass:
7310     case Stmt::ConditionalOperatorClass: {
7311       const AbstractConditionalOperator *ACO =
7312           cast<AbstractConditionalOperator>(TypeExpr);
7313       bool Result;
7314       if (ACO->getCond()->EvaluateAsBooleanCondition(Result, Ctx)) {
7315         if (Result)
7316           TypeExpr = ACO->getTrueExpr();
7317         else
7318           TypeExpr = ACO->getFalseExpr();
7319         continue;
7320       }
7321       return false;
7322     }
7323 
7324     case Stmt::BinaryOperatorClass: {
7325       const BinaryOperator *BO = cast<BinaryOperator>(TypeExpr);
7326       if (BO->getOpcode() == BO_Comma) {
7327         TypeExpr = BO->getRHS();
7328         continue;
7329       }
7330       return false;
7331     }
7332 
7333     default:
7334       return false;
7335     }
7336   }
7337 }
7338 
7339 /// \brief Retrieve the C type corresponding to type tag TypeExpr.
7340 ///
7341 /// \param TypeExpr Expression that specifies a type tag.
7342 ///
7343 /// \param MagicValues Registered magic values.
7344 ///
7345 /// \param FoundWrongKind Set to true if a type tag was found, but of a wrong
7346 ///        kind.
7347 ///
7348 /// \param TypeInfo Information about the corresponding C type.
7349 ///
7350 /// \returns true if the corresponding C type was found.
7351 bool GetMatchingCType(
7352         const IdentifierInfo *ArgumentKind,
7353         const Expr *TypeExpr, const ASTContext &Ctx,
7354         const llvm::DenseMap<Sema::TypeTagMagicValue,
7355                              Sema::TypeTagData> *MagicValues,
7356         bool &FoundWrongKind,
7357         Sema::TypeTagData &TypeInfo) {
7358   FoundWrongKind = false;
7359 
7360   // Variable declaration that has type_tag_for_datatype attribute.
7361   const ValueDecl *VD = NULL;
7362 
7363   uint64_t MagicValue;
7364 
7365   if (!FindTypeTagExpr(TypeExpr, Ctx, &VD, &MagicValue))
7366     return false;
7367 
7368   if (VD) {
7369     for (specific_attr_iterator<TypeTagForDatatypeAttr>
7370              I = VD->specific_attr_begin<TypeTagForDatatypeAttr>(),
7371              E = VD->specific_attr_end<TypeTagForDatatypeAttr>();
7372          I != E; ++I) {
7373       if (I->getArgumentKind() != ArgumentKind) {
7374         FoundWrongKind = true;
7375         return false;
7376       }
7377       TypeInfo.Type = I->getMatchingCType();
7378       TypeInfo.LayoutCompatible = I->getLayoutCompatible();
7379       TypeInfo.MustBeNull = I->getMustBeNull();
7380       return true;
7381     }
7382     return false;
7383   }
7384 
7385   if (!MagicValues)
7386     return false;
7387 
7388   llvm::DenseMap<Sema::TypeTagMagicValue,
7389                  Sema::TypeTagData>::const_iterator I =
7390       MagicValues->find(std::make_pair(ArgumentKind, MagicValue));
7391   if (I == MagicValues->end())
7392     return false;
7393 
7394   TypeInfo = I->second;
7395   return true;
7396 }
7397 } // unnamed namespace
7398 
7399 void Sema::RegisterTypeTagForDatatype(const IdentifierInfo *ArgumentKind,
7400                                       uint64_t MagicValue, QualType Type,
7401                                       bool LayoutCompatible,
7402                                       bool MustBeNull) {
7403   if (!TypeTagForDatatypeMagicValues)
7404     TypeTagForDatatypeMagicValues.reset(
7405         new llvm::DenseMap<TypeTagMagicValue, TypeTagData>);
7406 
7407   TypeTagMagicValue Magic(ArgumentKind, MagicValue);
7408   (*TypeTagForDatatypeMagicValues)[Magic] =
7409       TypeTagData(Type, LayoutCompatible, MustBeNull);
7410 }
7411 
7412 namespace {
7413 bool IsSameCharType(QualType T1, QualType T2) {
7414   const BuiltinType *BT1 = T1->getAs<BuiltinType>();
7415   if (!BT1)
7416     return false;
7417 
7418   const BuiltinType *BT2 = T2->getAs<BuiltinType>();
7419   if (!BT2)
7420     return false;
7421 
7422   BuiltinType::Kind T1Kind = BT1->getKind();
7423   BuiltinType::Kind T2Kind = BT2->getKind();
7424 
7425   return (T1Kind == BuiltinType::SChar  && T2Kind == BuiltinType::Char_S) ||
7426          (T1Kind == BuiltinType::UChar  && T2Kind == BuiltinType::Char_U) ||
7427          (T1Kind == BuiltinType::Char_U && T2Kind == BuiltinType::UChar) ||
7428          (T1Kind == BuiltinType::Char_S && T2Kind == BuiltinType::SChar);
7429 }
7430 } // unnamed namespace
7431 
7432 void Sema::CheckArgumentWithTypeTag(const ArgumentWithTypeTagAttr *Attr,
7433                                     const Expr * const *ExprArgs) {
7434   const IdentifierInfo *ArgumentKind = Attr->getArgumentKind();
7435   bool IsPointerAttr = Attr->getIsPointer();
7436 
7437   const Expr *TypeTagExpr = ExprArgs[Attr->getTypeTagIdx()];
7438   bool FoundWrongKind;
7439   TypeTagData TypeInfo;
7440   if (!GetMatchingCType(ArgumentKind, TypeTagExpr, Context,
7441                         TypeTagForDatatypeMagicValues.get(),
7442                         FoundWrongKind, TypeInfo)) {
7443     if (FoundWrongKind)
7444       Diag(TypeTagExpr->getExprLoc(),
7445            diag::warn_type_tag_for_datatype_wrong_kind)
7446         << TypeTagExpr->getSourceRange();
7447     return;
7448   }
7449 
7450   const Expr *ArgumentExpr = ExprArgs[Attr->getArgumentIdx()];
7451   if (IsPointerAttr) {
7452     // Skip implicit cast of pointer to `void *' (as a function argument).
7453     if (const ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(ArgumentExpr))
7454       if (ICE->getType()->isVoidPointerType() &&
7455           ICE->getCastKind() == CK_BitCast)
7456         ArgumentExpr = ICE->getSubExpr();
7457   }
7458   QualType ArgumentType = ArgumentExpr->getType();
7459 
7460   // Passing a `void*' pointer shouldn't trigger a warning.
7461   if (IsPointerAttr && ArgumentType->isVoidPointerType())
7462     return;
7463 
7464   if (TypeInfo.MustBeNull) {
7465     // Type tag with matching void type requires a null pointer.
7466     if (!ArgumentExpr->isNullPointerConstant(Context,
7467                                              Expr::NPC_ValueDependentIsNotNull)) {
7468       Diag(ArgumentExpr->getExprLoc(),
7469            diag::warn_type_safety_null_pointer_required)
7470           << ArgumentKind->getName()
7471           << ArgumentExpr->getSourceRange()
7472           << TypeTagExpr->getSourceRange();
7473     }
7474     return;
7475   }
7476 
7477   QualType RequiredType = TypeInfo.Type;
7478   if (IsPointerAttr)
7479     RequiredType = Context.getPointerType(RequiredType);
7480 
7481   bool mismatch = false;
7482   if (!TypeInfo.LayoutCompatible) {
7483     mismatch = !Context.hasSameType(ArgumentType, RequiredType);
7484 
7485     // C++11 [basic.fundamental] p1:
7486     // Plain char, signed char, and unsigned char are three distinct types.
7487     //
7488     // But we treat plain `char' as equivalent to `signed char' or `unsigned
7489     // char' depending on the current char signedness mode.
7490     if (mismatch)
7491       if ((IsPointerAttr && IsSameCharType(ArgumentType->getPointeeType(),
7492                                            RequiredType->getPointeeType())) ||
7493           (!IsPointerAttr && IsSameCharType(ArgumentType, RequiredType)))
7494         mismatch = false;
7495   } else
7496     if (IsPointerAttr)
7497       mismatch = !isLayoutCompatible(Context,
7498                                      ArgumentType->getPointeeType(),
7499                                      RequiredType->getPointeeType());
7500     else
7501       mismatch = !isLayoutCompatible(Context, ArgumentType, RequiredType);
7502 
7503   if (mismatch)
7504     Diag(ArgumentExpr->getExprLoc(), diag::warn_type_safety_type_mismatch)
7505         << ArgumentType << ArgumentKind
7506         << TypeInfo.LayoutCompatible << RequiredType
7507         << ArgumentExpr->getSourceRange()
7508         << TypeTagExpr->getSourceRange();
7509 }
7510