1 /*-
2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1992-1994,2001 by Joerg Wunsch, Dresden
5 * All rights reserved.
6 *
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * are met:
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 *
16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
18 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
19 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
20 * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
21 * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
22 * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
24 * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
25 * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
26 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27 *
28 * $FreeBSD$
29 */
30
31 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include <sys/fdcio.h>
33 #include <sys/stat.h>
34
35 #include <ctype.h>
36 #include <err.h>
37 #include <errno.h>
38 #include <fcntl.h>
39 #include <paths.h>
40 #include <stdio.h>
41 #include <stdlib.h>
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <strings.h>
44 #include <sysexits.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46
47 #include "fdutil.h"
48
49 static void
format_track(int fd,int cyl,int secs,int head,int rate,int gaplen,int secsize,int fill,int interleave,int offset)50 format_track(int fd, int cyl, int secs, int head, int rate,
51 int gaplen, int secsize, int fill, int interleave,
52 int offset)
53 {
54 struct fd_formb f;
55 int i, j, il[FD_MAX_NSEC + 1];
56
57 memset(il, 0, sizeof il);
58 for(j = 0, i = 1 + offset; i <= secs + offset; i++) {
59 while(il[(j % secs) + 1])
60 j++;
61 il[(j % secs) + 1] = i;
62 j += interleave;
63 }
64
65 f.format_version = FD_FORMAT_VERSION;
66 f.head = head;
67 f.cyl = cyl;
68 f.transfer_rate = rate;
69
70 f.fd_formb_secshift = secsize;
71 f.fd_formb_nsecs = secs;
72 f.fd_formb_gaplen = gaplen;
73 f.fd_formb_fillbyte = fill;
74 for(i = 0; i < secs; i++) {
75 f.fd_formb_cylno(i) = cyl;
76 f.fd_formb_headno(i) = head;
77 f.fd_formb_secno(i) = il[i+1];
78 f.fd_formb_secsize(i) = secsize;
79 }
80 (void)ioctl(fd, FD_FORM, (caddr_t)&f);
81 }
82
83 static int
verify_track(int fd,int track,int tracksize)84 verify_track(int fd, int track, int tracksize)
85 {
86 static char *buf;
87 static int bufsz;
88 int fdopts = -1, ofdopts, rv = 0;
89
90 if (ioctl(fd, FD_GOPTS, &fdopts) < 0)
91 warn("warning: ioctl(FD_GOPTS)");
92 else {
93 ofdopts = fdopts;
94 fdopts |= FDOPT_NORETRY;
95 (void)ioctl(fd, FD_SOPTS, &fdopts);
96 }
97
98 if (bufsz < tracksize)
99 buf = realloc(buf, bufsz = tracksize);
100 if (buf == NULL)
101 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory");
102 if (lseek (fd, (long) track * tracksize, 0) < 0)
103 rv = -1;
104 /* try twice reading it, without using the normal retrier */
105 else if (read (fd, buf, tracksize) != tracksize
106 && read (fd, buf, tracksize) != tracksize)
107 rv = -1;
108 if (fdopts != -1)
109 (void)ioctl(fd, FD_SOPTS, &ofdopts);
110 return (rv);
111 }
112
113 static void
usage(void)114 usage (void)
115 {
116 errx(EX_USAGE,
117 "usage: fdformat [-F fill] [-f fmt] [-s fmtstr] [-nqvy] device");
118 }
119
120 static int
yes(void)121 yes (void)
122 {
123 char reply[256], *p;
124
125 reply[sizeof(reply) - 1] = 0;
126 for (;;) {
127 fflush(stdout);
128 if (!fgets (reply, sizeof(reply) - 1, stdin))
129 return (0);
130 for (p=reply; *p==' ' || *p=='\t'; ++p)
131 continue;
132 if (*p=='y' || *p=='Y')
133 return (1);
134 if (*p=='n' || *p=='N' || *p=='\n' || *p=='\r')
135 return (0);
136 printf("Answer `yes' or `no': ");
137 }
138 }
139
140 int
main(int argc,char ** argv)141 main(int argc, char **argv)
142 {
143 enum fd_drivetype type;
144 struct fd_type fdt, newft, *fdtp;
145 struct stat sb;
146 #define MAXPRINTERRS 10
147 struct fdc_status fdcs[MAXPRINTERRS];
148 int format, fill, quiet, verify, verify_only, confirm;
149 int fd, c, i, track, error, tracks_per_dot, bytes_per_track, errs;
150 int flags;
151 char *fmtstring, *device;
152 const char *name, *descr;
153
154 format = quiet = verify_only = confirm = 0;
155 verify = 1;
156 fill = 0xf6;
157 fmtstring = 0;
158
159 while((c = getopt(argc, argv, "F:f:nqs:vy")) != -1)
160 switch(c) {
161 case 'F': /* fill byte */
162 if (getnum(optarg, &fill)) {
163 fprintf(stderr,
164 "Bad argument %s to -F option; must be numeric\n",
165 optarg);
166 usage();
167 }
168 break;
169
170 case 'f': /* format in kilobytes */
171 if (getnum(optarg, &format)) {
172 fprintf(stderr,
173 "Bad argument %s to -f option; must be numeric\n",
174 optarg);
175 usage();
176 }
177 break;
178
179 case 'n': /* don't verify */
180 verify = 0;
181 break;
182
183 case 'q': /* quiet */
184 quiet = 1;
185 break;
186
187 case 's': /* format string with detailed options */
188 fmtstring = optarg;
189 break;
190
191 case 'v': /* verify only */
192 verify = 1;
193 verify_only = 1;
194 break;
195
196 case 'y': /* confirm */
197 confirm = 1;
198 break;
199
200 default:
201 usage();
202 }
203
204 if(optind != argc - 1)
205 usage();
206
207 if (stat(argv[optind], &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT) {
208 /* try prepending _PATH_DEV */
209 device = malloc(strlen(argv[optind]) + sizeof(_PATH_DEV) + 1);
210 if (device == NULL)
211 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory");
212 strcpy(device, _PATH_DEV);
213 strcat(device, argv[optind]);
214 if (stat(device, &sb) == -1) {
215 free(device);
216 device = argv[optind]; /* let it fail below */
217 }
218 } else {
219 device = argv[optind];
220 }
221
222 if ((fd = open(device, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK)) < 0)
223 err(EX_OSERR, "open(%s)", device);
224
225 /*
226 * Device initialization.
227 *
228 * First, get the device type descriptor. This tells us about
229 * the media geometry data we need to format a medium. It also
230 * lets us know quickly whether the device name actually points
231 * to a floppy disk drive.
232 *
233 * Then, obtain any drive options. We're mainly interested to
234 * see whether we're currently working on a device with media
235 * density autoselection (FDOPT_AUTOSEL). Then, we add the
236 * device option to tell the kernel not to log media errors,
237 * since we can handle them ourselves. If the device does
238 * media density autoselection, we then need to set the device
239 * type appropriately, since by opening with O_NONBLOCK we
240 * told the driver to bypass media autoselection (otherwise we
241 * wouldn't stand a chance to format an unformatted or damaged
242 * medium). We do not attempt to set the media type on any
243 * other devices since this is a privileged operation. For the
244 * same reason, specifying -f and -s options is only possible
245 * for autoselecting devices.
246 *
247 * Finally, we are ready to turn off O_NONBLOCK, and start to
248 * actually format something.
249 */
250 if(ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &fdt) < 0)
251 errx(EX_OSERR, "not a floppy disk: %s", device);
252 if (ioctl(fd, FD_GDTYPE, &type) == -1)
253 err(EX_OSERR, "ioctl(FD_GDTYPE)");
254 if (format) {
255 getname(type, &name, &descr);
256 fdtp = get_fmt(format, type);
257 if (fdtp == NULL)
258 errx(EX_USAGE,
259 "unknown format %d KB for drive type %s",
260 format, name);
261 fdt = *fdtp;
262 }
263 if (fmtstring) {
264 parse_fmt(fmtstring, type, fdt, &newft);
265 fdt = newft;
266 }
267 if (ioctl(fd, FD_STYPE, &fdt) < 0)
268 err(EX_OSERR, "ioctl(FD_STYPE)");
269 if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0)) == -1)
270 err(EX_OSERR, "fcntl(F_GETFL)");
271 flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
272 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags) == -1)
273 err(EX_OSERR, "fcntl(F_SETFL)");
274
275 bytes_per_track = fdt.sectrac * (128 << fdt.secsize);
276
277 /* XXX 20/40 = 0.5 */
278 tracks_per_dot = (fdt.tracks * fdt.heads + 20) / 40;
279
280 if (verify_only) {
281 if(!quiet)
282 printf("Verify %dK floppy `%s'.\n",
283 fdt.tracks * fdt.heads * bytes_per_track / 1024,
284 device);
285 }
286 else if(!quiet && !confirm) {
287 printf("Format %dK floppy `%s'? (y/n): ",
288 fdt.tracks * fdt.heads * bytes_per_track / 1024,
289 device);
290 if(!yes()) {
291 printf("Not confirmed.\n");
292 return (EX_UNAVAILABLE);
293 }
294 }
295
296 /*
297 * Formatting.
298 */
299 if(!quiet) {
300 printf("Processing ");
301 for (i = 0; i < (fdt.tracks * fdt.heads) / tracks_per_dot; i++)
302 putchar('-');
303 printf("\rProcessing ");
304 fflush(stdout);
305 }
306
307 error = errs = 0;
308
309 for (track = 0; track < fdt.tracks * fdt.heads; track++) {
310 if (!verify_only) {
311 format_track(fd, track / fdt.heads, fdt.sectrac,
312 track % fdt.heads, fdt.trans, fdt.f_gap,
313 fdt.secsize, fill, fdt.f_inter,
314 track % fdt.heads? fdt.offset_side2: 0);
315 if(!quiet && !((track + 1) % tracks_per_dot)) {
316 putchar('F');
317 fflush(stdout);
318 }
319 }
320 if (verify) {
321 if (verify_track(fd, track, bytes_per_track) < 0) {
322 error = 1;
323 if (errs < MAXPRINTERRS && errno == EIO) {
324 if (ioctl(fd, FD_GSTAT, fdcs + errs) ==
325 -1)
326 errx(EX_IOERR,
327 "floppy IO error, but no FDC status");
328 errs++;
329 }
330 }
331 if(!quiet && !((track + 1) % tracks_per_dot)) {
332 if (!verify_only)
333 putchar('\b');
334 if (error) {
335 putchar('E');
336 error = 0;
337 }
338 else
339 putchar('V');
340 fflush(stdout);
341 }
342 }
343 }
344 if(!quiet)
345 printf(" done.\n");
346
347 if (!quiet && errs) {
348 fflush(stdout);
349 fprintf(stderr, "Errors encountered:\nCyl Head Sect Error\n");
350 for (i = 0; i < errs && i < MAXPRINTERRS; i++) {
351 fprintf(stderr, " %2d %2d %2d ",
352 fdcs[i].status[3], fdcs[i].status[4],
353 fdcs[i].status[5]);
354 printstatus(fdcs + i, 1);
355 putc('\n', stderr);
356 }
357 if (errs >= MAXPRINTERRS)
358 fprintf(stderr, "(Further errors not printed.)\n");
359 }
360
361 return errs != 0;
362 }
363