lld/ELF/EhFrame.cpp

//===- EhFrame.cpp -------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// .eh_frame section contains information on how to unwind the stack when
// an exception is thrown. The section consists of sequence of CIE and FDE
// records. The linker needs to merge CIEs and associate FDEs to CIEs.
// That means the linker has to understand the format of the section.
//
// This file contains a few utility functions to read .eh_frame contents.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "EhFrame.h"
#include "Config.h"
#include "InputSection.h"
#include "Relocations.h"
#include "Target.h"
#include "lld/Common/ErrorHandler.h"
#include "lld/Common/Strings.h"
#include "llvm/BinaryFormat/Dwarf.h"
#include "llvm/Object/ELF.h"

using namespace llvm;
using namespace llvm::ELF;
using namespace llvm::dwarf;
using namespace llvm::object;
using namespace lld;
using namespace lld::elf;

namespace {
class EhReader {
public:
  EhReader(InputSectionBase *s, ArrayRef<uint8_t> d) : isec(s), d(d) {}
  size_t readEhRecordSize();
  uint8_t getFdeEncoding();
  bool hasLSDA();

private:
  template <class P> void failOn(const P *loc, const Twine &msg) {
    fatal("corrupted .eh_frame: " + msg + "\n>>> defined in " +
          isec->getObjMsg((const uint8_t *)loc - isec->data().data()));
  }

  uint8_t readByte();
  void skipBytes(size_t count);
  StringRef readString();
  void skipLeb128();
  void skipAugP();
  StringRef getAugmentation();

  InputSectionBase *isec;
  ArrayRef<uint8_t> d;
};
}

size_t elf::readEhRecordSize(InputSectionBase *s, size_t off) {
  return EhReader(s, s->data().slice(off)).readEhRecordSize();
}

// .eh_frame section is a sequence of records. Each record starts with
// a 4 byte length field. This function reads the length.
size_t EhReader::readEhRecordSize() {
  if (d.size() < 4)
    failOn(d.data(), "CIE/FDE too small");

  // First 4 bytes of CIE/FDE is the size of the record.
  // If it is 0xFFFFFFFF, the next 8 bytes contain the size instead,
  // but we do not support that format yet.
  uint64_t v = read32(d.data());
  if (v == UINT32_MAX)
    failOn(d.data(), "CIE/FDE too large");
  uint64_t size = v + 4;
  if (size > d.size())
    failOn(d.data(), "CIE/FDE ends past the end of the section");
  return size;
}

// Read a byte and advance D by one byte.
uint8_t EhReader::readByte() {
  if (d.empty())
    failOn(d.data(), "unexpected end of CIE");
  uint8_t b = d.front();
  d = d.slice(1);
  return b;
}

void EhReader::skipBytes(size_t count) {
  if (d.size() < count)
    failOn(d.data(), "CIE is too small");
  d = d.slice(count);
}

// Read a null-terminated string.
StringRef EhReader::readString() {
  const uint8_t *end = llvm::find(d, '\0');
  if (end == d.end())
    failOn(d.data(), "corrupted CIE (failed to read string)");
  StringRef s = toStringRef(d.slice(0, end - d.begin()));
  d = d.slice(s.size() + 1);
  return s;
}

// Skip an integer encoded in the LEB128 format.
// Actual number is not of interest because only the runtime needs it.
// But we need to be at least able to skip it so that we can read
// the field that follows a LEB128 number.
void EhReader::skipLeb128() {
  const uint8_t *errPos = d.data();
  while (!d.empty()) {
    uint8_t val = d.front();
    d = d.slice(1);
    if ((val & 0x80) == 0)
      return;
  }
  failOn(errPos, "corrupted CIE (failed to read LEB128)");
}

static size_t getAugPSize(unsigned enc) {
  switch (enc & 0x0f) {
  case DW_EH_PE_absptr:
  case DW_EH_PE_signed:
    return config->wordsize;
  case DW_EH_PE_udata2:
  case DW_EH_PE_sdata2:
    return 2;
  case DW_EH_PE_udata4:
  case DW_EH_PE_sdata4:
    return 4;
  case DW_EH_PE_udata8:
  case DW_EH_PE_sdata8:
    return 8;
  }
  return 0;
}

void EhReader::skipAugP() {
  uint8_t enc = readByte();
  if ((enc & 0xf0) == DW_EH_PE_aligned)
    failOn(d.data() - 1, "DW_EH_PE_aligned encoding is not supported");
  size_t size = getAugPSize(enc);
  if (size == 0)
    failOn(d.data() - 1, "unknown FDE encoding");
  if (size >= d.size())
    failOn(d.data() - 1, "corrupted CIE");
  d = d.slice(size);
}

uint8_t elf::getFdeEncoding(EhSectionPiece *p) {
  return EhReader(p->sec, p->data()).getFdeEncoding();
}

bool elf::hasLSDA(const EhSectionPiece &p) {
  return EhReader(p.sec, p.data()).hasLSDA();
}

StringRef EhReader::getAugmentation() {
  skipBytes(8);
  int version = readByte();
  if (version != 1 && version != 3)
    failOn(d.data() - 1,
           "FDE version 1 or 3 expected, but got " + Twine(version));

  StringRef aug = readString();

  // Skip code and data alignment factors.
  skipLeb128();
  skipLeb128();

  // Skip the return address register. In CIE version 1 this is a single
  // byte. In CIE version 3 this is an unsigned LEB128.
  if (version == 1)
    readByte();
  else
    skipLeb128();
  return aug;
}

uint8_t EhReader::getFdeEncoding() {
  // We only care about an 'R' value, but other records may precede an 'R'
  // record. Unfortunately records are not in TLV (type-length-value) format,
  // so we need to teach the linker how to skip records for each type.
  StringRef aug = getAugmentation();
  for (char c : aug) {
    if (c == 'R')
      return readByte();
    if (c == 'z')
      skipLeb128();
    else if (c == 'L')
      readByte();
    else if (c == 'P')
      skipAugP();
    else if (c != 'B' && c != 'S')
      failOn(aug.data(), "unknown .eh_frame augmentation string: " + aug);
  }
  return DW_EH_PE_absptr;
}

bool EhReader::hasLSDA() {
  StringRef aug = getAugmentation();
  for (char c : aug) {
    if (c == 'L')
      return true;
    if (c == 'z')
      skipLeb128();
    else if (c == 'P')
      skipAugP();
    else if (c == 'R')
      readByte();
    else if (c != 'B' && c != 'S')
      failOn(aug.data(), "unknown .eh_frame augmentation string: " + aug);
  }
  return false;
}