Update Wasmtime's WASI documentation. (#9471)

* Update Wasmtime's WASI documentation.

Replace most of Wasmtime's original WASI documentation with links to
other resources that are now available.

T

Update Wasmtime's WASI documentation. (#9471)

* Update Wasmtime's WASI documentation.

Replace most of Wasmtime's original WASI documentation with links to
other resources that are now available.

This documentation was written when WASI was first released, and while
many of the big ideas are still present in WASI, many of the details have
changed. For example, [Jco] is now a much better way to run WASI programs
in Browsers than the original Web polyfill, and WASI is now goverened by
the WASI Subgroup rather than by Wasmtime itself, and so on.

[Jco]: https://github.com/bytecodealliance/jco

Fixes #9107.

* Fix documentation link.

* Fix another doc link.

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Rename the `wasm32-wasi` target to `wasm32-wasip1` (#8867)

This rename is happening in upstream Rust and should be in enough places
now.

prtest:full

Turn the `wasmtime-runtime` crate into the `wasmtime::runtime::vm` module (#8501)

* Expose `wasmtime-runtime` as `crate::runtime::vm` internally for the `wasmtime` crate

* Rewrite uses of `wasmtime

Turn the `wasmtime-runtime` crate into the `wasmtime::runtime::vm` module (#8501)

* Expose `wasmtime-runtime` as `crate::runtime::vm` internally for the `wasmtime` crate

* Rewrite uses of `wasmtime_runtime` to `crate::runtime::vm`

* Remove dep on `wasmtime-runtime` from `wasmtime-cli`

* Move the `wasmtime-runtime` crate into the `wasmtime::runtime::vm` module

* Update labeler for merged crates

* Fix `publish verify`

prtest:full

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Fix description of fd_write in WASI-tutorial.md (#8000)

* Fix description of fd_write in WASI-tutorial.md

* *nwritten

Update tutorial to use wasi_snapshot_preview1 (#7627)

Swap the order of directories in `--dir` (#7301)

This commit changes the `--dir` argument on the `wasmtime` CLI to be
`HOST::GUEST` rather than `GUEST::HOST`. This matches Docker for example
and is

Swap the order of directories in `--dir` (#7301)

This commit changes the `--dir` argument on the `wasmtime` CLI to be
`HOST::GUEST` rather than `GUEST::HOST`. This matches Docker for example
and is a little more consistent with only `--dir path` where the first
argument is always treated as a host directory.

In terms of breaking-ness the movement from `--mapdir` to `--dir` hasn't
been released with Wasmtime 14 yet so my hope is that this can land on
both `main` and Wasmtime 14.0.0 before it's released to avoid any
breakage other than existing scripts migrating from `--mapdir` to
`--dir`.

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Redesign Wasmtime's CLI (#6925)

* Redesign Wasmtime's CLI

This commit follows through on discussion from #6741 to redesign the
flags that the `wasmtime` binary accepts on the CLI. Almost all flags

Redesign Wasmtime's CLI (#6925)

* Redesign Wasmtime's CLI

This commit follows through on discussion from #6741 to redesign the
flags that the `wasmtime` binary accepts on the CLI. Almost all flags
have been renamed/moved and will require callers to update. The main
motivation here is to cut down on the forest of options in `wasmtime -h`
which are difficult to mentally group together and understand.

The main change implemented here is to move options behind "option
groups" which are intended to be abbreviated with a single letter:

* `-O foo` - an optimization or performance-tuning related option
* `-C foo` - a codegen option affecting the compilation process.
* `-D foo` - a debug-related option
* `-W foo` - a wasm-related option, for example changing wasm semantics
* `-S foo` - a WASI-related option, configuring various proposals for example

Each option group can be explored by passing `help`, for example `-O
help`. This will print all options within the group along with their
help message. Additionally `-O help-long` can be passed to print the
full comment for each option if desired.

Option groups can be specified multiple times on the command line, for
example `-Wrelaxed-simd -Wthreads`. They can also be combined together
with commas as `-Wrelaxed-simd,threads`. Configuration works as a "last
option wins" so `-Ccache,cache=n` would end up with a compilation
cache disabled.

Boolean options can be specified as `-C foo` to enable `foo`, or they
can be specified with `-Cfoo=$val` with any of `y`, `n`, `yes`, `no`,
`true`, or `false`. All other options require a `=foo` value to be
passed and the parsing depends on the type.

This commit additionally applies a few small refactorings to the CLI as
well. For example the help text no longer prints information about wasm
features after printing the option help. This is still available via
`-Whelp` as all wasm features have moved from `--wasm-features` to `-W`.
Additionally flags are no longer conditionally compiled in, but instead
all flags are always supported. A runtime error is returned if support
for a flag is not compiled in. Additionally the "experimental" name of
WASI proposals has been dropped in favor of just the name of the
proposal, for example `--wasi nn` instead of `--wasi-modules
experimental-wasi-nn`. This is intended to mirror how wasm proposals
don't have "experimental" in the name and an opt-in is required
regardless.

A full listing of flags and how they have changed is:

| old cli flag | new cli flag |
|-----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
| `-O, --optimize` | removed |
| `--opt-level <LEVEL>` | `-O opt-level=N` |
| `--dynamic-memory-guard-size <SIZE>` | `-O dynamic-memory-guard-size=...` |
| `--static-memory-forced` | `-O static-memory-forced` |
| `--static-memory-guard-size <SIZE>` | `-O static-memory-guard-size=N` |
| `--static-memory-maximum-size <MAXIMUM>` | `-O static-memory-maximum-size=N` |
| `--dynamic-memory-reserved-for-growth <SIZE>` | `-O dynamic-memory-reserved-for-growth=...` |
| `--pooling-allocator` | `-O pooling-allocator` |
| `--disable-memory-init-cow` | `-O memory-init-cow=no` |
| `--compiler <COMPILER>` | `-C compiler=..` |
| `--enable-cranelift-debug-verifier` | `-C cranelift-debug-verifier` |
| `--cranelift-enable <SETTING>` | `-C cranelift-NAME` |
| `--cranelift-set <NAME=VALUE>` | `-C cranelift-NAME=VALUE` |
| `--config <CONFIG_PATH>` | `-C cache-config=..` |
| `--disable-cache` | `-C cache=no` |
| `--disable-parallel-compilation` | `-C parallel-compilation=no` |
| `-g` | `-D debug-info` |
| `--disable-address-map` | `-D address-map=no` |
| `--disable-logging` | `-D logging=no` |
| `--log-to-files` | `-D log-to-files` |
| `--coredump-on-trap <PATH>` | `-D coredump=..` |
| `--wasm-features all` | `-W all-proposals` |
| `--wasm-features -all` | `-W all-proposals=n` |
| `--wasm-features bulk-memory` | `-W bulk-memory` |
| `--wasm-features multi-memory` | `-W multi-memory` |
| `--wasm-features multi-value` | `-W multi-value` |
| `--wasm-features reference-types` | `-W reference-types` |
| `--wasm-features simd` | `-W simd` |
| `--wasm-features tail-call` | `-W tail-call` |
| `--wasm-features threads` | `-W threads` |
| `--wasm-features memory64` | `-W memory64` |
| `--wasm-features copmonent-model` | `-W component-model` |
| `--wasm-features function-references` | `-W function-references` |
| `--relaxed-simd-deterministic` | `-W relaxed-simd-deterministic` |
| `--enable-cranelift-nan-canonicalization` | `-W nan-canonicalization` |
| `--fuel <N>` | `-W fuel=N` |
| `--epoch-interruption` | `-W epoch-interruption` |
| `--allow-unknown-exports` | `-W unknown-exports-allow` |
| `--trap-unknown-imports` | `-W unknown-imports-trap` |
| `--default-values-unknown-imports` | `-W unknown-imports-default` |
| `--max-instances <MAX_INSTANCES>` | `-W max-instances=N` |
| `--max-memories <MAX_MEMORIES>` | `-W max-memories=N` |
| `--max-memory-size <BYTES>` | `-W max-memory-size=N` |
| `--max-table-elements <MAX_TABLE_ELEMENTS>` | `-W max-table-elements=N` |
| `--max-tables <MAX_TABLES>` | `-W max-tables=N` |
| `--max-wasm-stack <MAX_WASM_STACK>` | `-W max-wasm-stack=N` |
| `--trap-on-grow-failure` | `-W trap-on-grow-failure` |
| `--wasm-timeout <TIME>` | `-W timeout=N` |
| `--wmemcheck` | `-W wmemcheck` |
| `--wasi-modules default` | removed |
| `--wasi-modules -default` | removed |
| `--wasi-modules wasi-common` | `-S common` |
| `--wasi-modules -wasi-common` | `-S common=n` |
| `--wasi-modules experimental-wasi-nn` | `-S nn` |
| `--wasi-modules experimental-wasi-threads` | `-S threads` |
| `--wasi-modules experimental-wasi-http` | `-S http` |
| `--listenfd` | `-S listenfd` |
| `--tcplisten <SOCKET ADDRESS>` | `-S tcplisten=...` |
| `--wasi-nn-graph <FORMAT::HOST>` | `-S nn-graph=FORMAT::HOST` |
| `--preview2` | `-S preview2` |
| `--dir <DIRECTORY>` | `--dir ...` |
| `--mapdir <GUEST_DIR::HOST_DIR>` | `--dir a::b` |

* Be more descriptive with help text

* Document `=val` is optional for `-Ccranelift-xxx`

* Fix compile after rebase

* Fix rebase of `--inherit-network`

* Fix wasi-http test

* Fix compile without pooling allocator support

* Update some flags in docs

* Fix bench-api build

* Update flags for gdb/lldb tests

* Fixup optimization flags

prtest:full

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Minor documentation updates to docs/WASI-tutorial.md (#6839)

* Docs: Remove unneeded command in WASI-tutorial.md

The `cat /tmp/somewhere.txt` command in the example using --dir=$PWD is not needed.

Minor documentation updates to docs/WASI-tutorial.md (#6839)

* Docs: Remove unneeded command in WASI-tutorial.md

The `cat /tmp/somewhere.txt` command in the example using --dir=$PWD is not needed. The error message should be after the first command anyway since it should be the one creating the message.

It looks like a copy/paste error since the previous example showed the same `cat` command a successful copy.

* Docs: Update error messages in WASI-tutorial.md.

The error messages appear to have changed since this document was originally written.

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docs(wasi-tut): update error message (#6261)

wasi tutorial: make usage string consistient between rust and c programs (#3098)

closes #3093

this option is default since early 2018 (#3042)

WASI was only added in Rust about a year from then

Fix code in WASI-tutorial.md

Miscelaneous docs updates and fixes. (#1249)

Update references to things in CraneStation which have moved, WASI documentation
which has moved to the WASI repo, and fix a few typos.

Fix the WASI-tutorial to handle short writes properly. (#991)

If write doesn't write the full buffer, start the next write at the
point where the write left off.

Also, usize `ssize_t` for the re

Fix the WASI-tutorial to handle short writes properly. (#991)

If write doesn't write the full buffer, start the next write at the
point where the write left off.

Also, usize `ssize_t` for the return types of `read` and `write`.

show more ...

typo (#752)

Fix typo (#553)

Allow colons in Windows host paths (#235)

Rust 1.36, with wasm32-wasi support, is now stable!

Update WASI-tutorial.md

consistent

Update WASI-tutorial.md

Update README based on feedback

Update WASI-tutorial.md

Update WASI-tutorial.md

"wasm32-unknown-wasi" is now "wasm32-wasi".

Add example of compiling wat and running with wasmtime

Update WASI tutorial with Rust howto as well