[libc++][ranges] Finish LWG issues directly related to the One Ranges Proposal.

- P1252 ("Ranges Design Cleanup") -- deprecate
`move_iterator::operator->` starting from C++20; add range comparison

[libc++][ranges] Finish LWG issues directly related to the One Ranges Proposal.

- P1252 ("Ranges Design Cleanup") -- deprecate
`move_iterator::operator->` starting from C++20; add range comparisons
to the `<functional>` synopsis. This restores
`move_iterator::operator->` that was incorrectly deleted in D117656;
it's still defined in the latest draft, see
http://eel.is/c++draft/depr.move.iter.elem. Note that changes to
`*_result` types from 6.1 in the paper are no longer relevant now that
these types are aliases;
- P2106 ("Alternative wording for GB315 and GB316") -- add a few
`*_result` types to the synopsis in `<algorithm>` (some algorithms are
not implemented yet and thus some of the proposal still cannot be
marked as done);

Also mark already done issues as done (or as nothing to do):
- P2091 ("Fixing Issues With Range Access CPOs") was already implemented
(this patch adds tests for some ill-formed cases);
- LWG 3247 ("`ranges::iter_move` should perform ADL-only lookup of
`iter_move`") was already implemented;
- LWG 3300 ("Non-array ssize overload is underconstrained") doesn't
affect the implementation;
- LWG 3335 ("Resolve C++20 NB comments US 273 and GB 274") was already
implemented;
- LWG 3355 ("The memory algorithms should support move-only input
iterators introduced by P1207") was already implemented (except for
testing).

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D126053

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[libc++] Re-add transitive includes that had been removed since LLVM 14

This commit re-adds transitive includes that had been removed by
4cd04d1687f1, c36870c8e79c, a83f4b9cda57, 1458458b558d, 2e2f3

[libc++] Re-add transitive includes that had been removed since LLVM 14

This commit re-adds transitive includes that had been removed by
4cd04d1687f1, c36870c8e79c, a83f4b9cda57, 1458458b558d, 2e2f3158c604,
and 489637e66dd3. This should cover almost all the includes that had
been removed since LLVM 14 and that would contribute to breaking user
code when releasing LLVM 15.

It is possible to disable the inclusion of these headers by defining
_LIBCPP_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES. The intent is that vendors will
enable that macro and start fixing downstream issues immediately. We
can then remove the macro (and the transitive includes) by default in
a future release. That way, we will break users only once by removing
transitive includes in bulk instead of doing it bit by bit a every
release, which is more disruptive for users.

Note 1: The set of headers to re-add was found by re-generating the
transitive include test on a checkout of release/14.x, which
provided the list of all transitive includes we used to provide.

Note 2: Several includes of <vector>, <optional>, <array> and <unordered_map>
have been added in this commit. These transitive inclusions were
added when we implemented boyer_moore_searcher in <functional>.

Note 3: This is a best effort patch to try and resolve downstream breakage
caused since branching LLVM 14. I wasn't able to perfectly mirror
transitive includes in LLVM 14 for a few headers, so I added a
release note explaining it. To summarize, adding boyer_moore_searcher
created a bunch of circular dependencies, so we have to break
backwards compatibility in a few cases.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D128661

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[libc++] Use bounded iterators in std::span when the debug mode is enabled

Previously, we'd use raw pointers when the debug mode was enabled,
which means we wouldn't get out-of-range checking with s

[libc++] Use bounded iterators in std::span when the debug mode is enabled

Previously, we'd use raw pointers when the debug mode was enabled,
which means we wouldn't get out-of-range checking with std::span's
iterators.

This patch introduces a new class called __bounded_iter which can
be used to wrap iterators and make them carry around bounds-related
information. This allows iterators to assert when they are dereferenced
outside of their bounds.

As a fly-by change, this commit removes the _LIBCPP_ABI_SPAN_POINTER_ITERATORS
knob. Indeed, not using a raw pointer as the iterator type is useful to
avoid users depending on properties of raw pointers in their code.

This is an alternative to D127401.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D127418

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[libc++] Removes unneeded includes.

This removes all "TODO: remove these headers" comments from our headers.

Note there seem to be more headers that can be removed, that will be
done in separate co

[libc++] Removes unneeded includes.

This removes all "TODO: remove these headers" comments from our headers.

Note there seem to be more headers that can be removed, that will be
done in separate commits.

Reviewed By: #libc, ldionne

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D127592

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[libc++] Remove unused __functional includes

Reviewed By: ldionne, #libc

Spies: arichardson, smeenai, libcxx-commits, arphaman

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D126098

[libc++][NFC] Add more tests to `move_{iterator,sentinel}`.

More test coverage for the parts added by the One Ranges Proposal.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D124906

Implement move_sentinel and C++20 move_iterator.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D117656

[libc++] Ensure that all public C++ headers include <__assert>

This patch changes the requirement for getting the declaration of the
assertion handler from including <__assert> to including any publ

[libc++] Ensure that all public C++ headers include <__assert>

This patch changes the requirement for getting the declaration of the
assertion handler from including <__assert> to including any public
C++ header of the library. Note that C compatibility headers are
excluded because we don't implement all the C headers ourselves --
some of them are taken straight from the C library, like assert.h.

It also adds a generated test to check it. Furthermore, this new
generated test is designed in a way that will make it possible to
replace almost all the existing test-generation scripts with this
system in upcoming patches.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D122506

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[libc++][ranges] Implement changes to reverse_iterator from One Ranges Proposal.

Changes in [P0896](https://wg21.link/p0896):
- add `disable_sized_sentinel_for`;
- add `iter_move` and `iter_swap`;
-

[libc++][ranges] Implement changes to reverse_iterator from One Ranges Proposal.

Changes in [P0896](https://wg21.link/p0896):
- add `disable_sized_sentinel_for`;
- add `iter_move` and `iter_swap`;
- add a `requires` clause to the `operator->`;
- add `iterator_concept`;
- check that the `Iterator` template parameter is a bidirectional
iterator;
- add constraints to all comparison operators;
- change the definitions of `iterator_category`, `value_type`,
`difference_type` and `reference` (changes to `iterator_category` were
already implemented).

Also add a few forgotten things to the `reverse_iterator` synopsis
(notably the spaceship operator).

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D120180

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[libc++] Remove <utility> includes

Reviewed By: ldionne, Quuxplusone, #libc

Spies: libcxx-commits, arphaman

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D121054

[libc++] Granularize <utility> includes

Reviewed By: ldionne, #libc

Spies: EricWF, libcxx-commits, arphaman

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D120466

[libc++][ranges] Implement `std::sortable`.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D119619

[libc++][ranges] Implement `std::mergeable`.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D119489

[libc++][ranges] Implement Ranges changes to `istream{,buf}_iterator`.

The changes from the One Ranges Proposal amount to adding:
- a constructor that takes a `default_sentinel_t` and is equivalent

[libc++][ranges] Implement Ranges changes to `istream{,buf}_iterator`.

The changes from the One Ranges Proposal amount to adding:
- a constructor that takes a `default_sentinel_t` and is equivalent to
the default constructor;
- an `operator==` that compares the iterator to `default_sentinel_t`.

The original proposal defined two overloads for `operator==` (different
argument order) as well as `operator!=`. This has been removed by
[P1614](https://wg21.link/p1614).

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D119620

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[libc++] Remove __functional_base

Reviewed By: ldionne, Quuxplusone, #libc

Spies: Mordante, mgorny, libcxx-commits, arichardson, llvm-commits, arphaman

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.

[libc++] Remove __functional_base

Reviewed By: ldionne, Quuxplusone, #libc

Spies: Mordante, mgorny, libcxx-commits, arichardson, llvm-commits, arphaman

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D119439

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[libc++][ranges][NFC] Update the status of predefined iterators.

`{back,front}_insert_iterator` and `ostream{,buf}_iterator` effectively
fully implement the One Ranges Proposal already, so mark them

[libc++][ranges][NFC] Update the status of predefined iterators.

`{back,front}_insert_iterator` and `ostream{,buf}_iterator` effectively
fully implement the One Ranges Proposal already, so mark them as done:
- the change to `difference_type` was made by D103273;
- default constructors and the associated default member initializers
were removed by wg21.link/P2325 (implemented by D102468).

Also fix a stale template signature in the `<iterator>` synopsis.

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[libc++][ranges] Implement `permutable`.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D119222

[libc++] Replace includes of <utility> with specific detail headers

Basically a rebase of D104980; most of that patch had already happened
via gradual drive-by changes, but this finishes it up.
Don'

[libc++] Replace includes of <utility> with specific detail headers

Basically a rebase of D104980; most of that patch had already happened
via gradual drive-by changes, but this finishes it up.
Don't touch the inclusions from `<__functional_base>`, `<__hash_table>`,
or `<__locale>`; those could be removed if we propagated the
inclusions up to the includers of those files, but there are lots
of those includers.

`<algorithm>`, `<functional>`, and `<memory>` already include `<utility>`
at the top level. `<iterator>` did not, so I've added it there.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D119020

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[libc++] Normalize all our '#pragma GCC system_header', and regression-test.

Now we'll notice if a header forgets to include this magic phrase.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D1188

[libc++] Normalize all our '#pragma GCC system_header', and regression-test.

Now we'll notice if a header forgets to include this magic phrase.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D118800

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[libc++][ranges] Implement `indirectly_copyable{,_storable}`.

Also refactor tests for `indirectly_movable{,_storable}`.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D118432

[libc++][ranges][NFC] Add contiguous_iterator_tag to the <iterator> synopsis

It was previously implemented by commit [45d048c20](https://reviews.llvm.org/rG45d048c20440989df2b4e1be1f9343225e7741ab).

[libc++][ranges][NFC] Add contiguous_iterator_tag to the <iterator> synopsis

It was previously implemented by commit [45d048c20](https://reviews.llvm.org/rG45d048c20440989df2b4e1be1f9343225e7741ab).

Reviewed By: #libc, Quuxplusone, philnik, ldionne

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D118751

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[libc++] Alphabetize header #includes. NFCI.

The NFC part of D116809. We still want to enforce this in CI,
but the mechanism for that is still to-be-determined.

Differential Revision: https://revie

[libc++] Alphabetize header #includes. NFCI.

The NFC part of D116809. We still want to enforce this in CI,
but the mechanism for that is still to-be-determined.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D116809

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[libc++][ranges] Add indirectly_comparable concept

Add `indirectly_comparable` concept

Reviewed By: Quuxplusone, Mordante, #libc

Spies: mgorny, libcxx-commits

Differential Revision: https://revie

[libc++][ranges] Add indirectly_comparable concept

Add `indirectly_comparable` concept

Reviewed By: Quuxplusone, Mordante, #libc

Spies: mgorny, libcxx-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D116268

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[runtimes][NFC] Remove filenames at the top of the license notice

We've stopped doing it in libc++ for a while now because these names
would end up rotting as we move things around and copy/paste st

[runtimes][NFC] Remove filenames at the top of the license notice

We've stopped doing it in libc++ for a while now because these names
would end up rotting as we move things around and copy/paste stuff.
This cleans up all the existing files so as to stop the spreading
as people copy-paste headers around.

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[libcxx][ranges] Add `unreachable_sentinel`.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D107920