sched/rt: Rename realtime_{prio, task}() to rt_or_dl_{prio, task}()

Some find the name realtime overloaded. Use rt_or_dl() as an
alternative, hopefully better, name.

Suggested-by: Daniel Bristot de

sched/rt: Rename realtime_{prio, task}() to rt_or_dl_{prio, task}()

Some find the name realtime overloaded. Use rt_or_dl() as an
alternative, hopefully better, name.

Suggested-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Qais Yousef <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]

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sched/rt: Clean up usage of rt_task()

rt_task() checks if a task has RT priority. But depends on your
dictionary, this could mean it belongs to RT class, or is a 'realtime'
task, which includes RT a

sched/rt: Clean up usage of rt_task()

rt_task() checks if a task has RT priority. But depends on your
dictionary, this could mean it belongs to RT class, or is a 'realtime'
task, which includes RT and DL classes.

Since this has caused some confusion already on discussion [1], it
seemed a clean up is due.

I define the usage of rt_task() to be tasks that belong to RT class.
Make sure that it returns true only for RT class and audit the users and
replace the ones required the old behavior with the new realtime_task()
which returns true for RT and DL classes. Introduce similar
realtime_prio() to create similar distinction to rt_prio() and update
the users that required the old behavior to use the new function.

Move MAX_DL_PRIO to prio.h so it can be used in the new definitions.

Document the functions to make it more obvious what is the difference
between them. PI-boosted tasks is a factor that must be taken into
account when choosing which function to use.

Rename task_is_realtime() to realtime_task_policy() as the old name is
confusing against the new realtime_task().

No functional changes were intended.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/[email protected]/

Signed-off-by: Qais Yousef <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Phil Auld <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: "Steven Rostedt (Google)" <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]

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block: make __get_task_ioprio() easier to read

We don't need to do any gymnastics if we don't have an io_context
assigned at all, so just return early with our default priority.

Reviewed-by: Bart V

block: make __get_task_ioprio() easier to read

We don't need to do any gymnastics if we don't have an io_context
assigned at all, so just return early with our default priority.

Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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block: move __get_task_ioprio() into header file

We call this once per IO, which can be millions of times per second.
Since nobody really uses io priorities, or at least it isn't very
common, this i

block: move __get_task_ioprio() into header file

We call this once per IO, which can be millions of times per second.
Since nobody really uses io priorities, or at least it isn't very
common, this is all wasted time and can amount to as much as 3% of
the total kernel time.

Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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block: Make ioprio_best() static

Nobody outside of block/ioprio.c uses it.

Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]

block: Make ioprio_best() static

Nobody outside of block/ioprio.c uses it.

Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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block: Generalize get_current_ioprio() for any task

get_current_ioprio() operates only on current task. We will need the
same functionality for other tasks as well. Generalize
get_current_ioprio() f

block: Generalize get_current_ioprio() for any task

get_current_ioprio() operates only on current task. We will need the
same functionality for other tasks as well. Generalize
get_current_ioprio() for that and also move the bulk out of the header
file because it is large enough.

Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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block: Return effective IO priority from get_current_ioprio()

get_current_ioprio() is used to initialize IO priority of various
requests. As such it should be returning the effective IO priority of

block: Return effective IO priority from get_current_ioprio()

get_current_ioprio() is used to initialize IO priority of various
requests. As such it should be returning the effective IO priority of
the task (i.e., reflecting the fact that unset IO priority should get
set based on task's CPU priority) so that the conversion is concentrated
in one place.

Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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block: fix default IO priority handling again

Commit e70344c05995 ("block: fix default IO priority handling")
introduced an inconsistency in get_current_ioprio() that tasks without
IO context return

block: fix default IO priority handling again

Commit e70344c05995 ("block: fix default IO priority handling")
introduced an inconsistency in get_current_ioprio() that tasks without
IO context return IOPRIO_DEFAULT priority while tasks with freshly
allocated IO context will return 0 (IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE/0) IO priority.
Tasks without IO context used to be rare before 5a9d041ba2f6 ("block:
move io_context creation into where it's needed") but after this commit
they became common because now only BFQ IO scheduler setups task's IO
context. Similar inconsistency is there for get_task_ioprio() so this
inconsistency is now exposed to userspace and userspace will see
different IO priority for tasks operating on devices with BFQ compared
to devices without BFQ. Furthemore the changes done by commit
e70344c05995 change the behavior when no IO priority is set for BFQ IO
scheduler which is also documented in ioprio_set(2) manpage:

"If no I/O scheduler has been set for a thread, then by default the I/O
priority will follow the CPU nice value (setpriority(2)). In Linux
kernels before version 2.6.24, once an I/O priority had been set using
ioprio_set(), there was no way to reset the I/O scheduling behavior to
the default. Since Linux 2.6.24, specifying ioprio as 0 can be used to
reset to the default I/O scheduling behavior."

So make sure we default to IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE as used to be the case
before commit e70344c05995. Also cleanup alloc_io_context() to
explicitely set this IO priority for the allocated IO context to avoid
future surprises. Note that we tweak ioprio_best() to maintain
ioprio_get(2) behavior and make this commit easily backportable.

CC: [email protected]
Fixes: e70344c05995 ("block: fix default IO priority handling")
Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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block: fix default IO priority handling

The default IO priority is the best effort (BE) class with the
normal priority level IOPRIO_NORM (4). However, get_task_ioprio()
returns IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE/IOP

block: fix default IO priority handling

The default IO priority is the best effort (BE) class with the
normal priority level IOPRIO_NORM (4). However, get_task_ioprio()
returns IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE/IOPRIO_NORM as the default priority and
get_current_ioprio() returns IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE/0. Let's be consistent
with the defined default and have both of these functions return the
default priority IOPRIO_PRIO_VALUE(IOPRIO_CLASS_BE, IOPRIO_NORM) when
the user did not define another default IO priority for the task.

In include/uapi/linux/ioprio.h, introduce the IOPRIO_BE_NORM macro as
an alias to IOPRIO_NORM to clarify that this default level applies to
the BE priotity class. In include/linux/ioprio.h, define the macro
IOPRIO_DEFAULT as IOPRIO_PRIO_VALUE(IOPRIO_CLASS_BE, IOPRIO_BE_NORM)
and use this new macro when setting a priority to the default.

Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
[axboe: drop unnecessary lightnvm change]
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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block: change ioprio_valid() to an inline function

Change the ioprio_valid() macro in include/usapi/linux/ioprio.h to an
inline function declared on the kernel side in include/linux/ioprio.h.
Also i

block: change ioprio_valid() to an inline function

Change the ioprio_valid() macro in include/usapi/linux/ioprio.h to an
inline function declared on the kernel side in include/linux/ioprio.h.
Also improve checks on the class value by checking the upper bound
value.

Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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ioprio: move user space relevant ioprio bits to UAPI includes

systemd added a modified copy of include/linux/ioprio.h into its
code to get the relevant content definitions for the exposed
ioprio_[ge

ioprio: move user space relevant ioprio bits to UAPI includes

systemd added a modified copy of include/linux/ioprio.h into its
code to get the relevant content definitions for the exposed
ioprio_[get|set] system calls.

Move the user space relevant ioprio bits to the UAPI includes to be
able to use the ioprio_[get|set] syscalls as intended.

Cc: Kay Sievers <[email protected]>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
Cc: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Signed-off-by: Oliver Hartkopp <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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block: Introduce get_current_ioprio()

Define get_current_ioprio() as an inline helper to obtain the caller
I/O priority from its task I/O context. Use this helper in
blk_init_request_from_bio() to s

block: Introduce get_current_ioprio()

Define get_current_ioprio() as an inline helper to obtain the caller
I/O priority from its task I/O context. Use this helper in
blk_init_request_from_bio() to set a request ioprio.

Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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fs: aio ioprio add explicit block layer dependence

Previously, the ioprio_check_cap function was only defined when CONFIG_BLOCK
was set. Make this relationship explicit and add a stub for !CONFIG_BL

fs: aio ioprio add explicit block layer dependence

Previously, the ioprio_check_cap function was only defined when CONFIG_BLOCK
was set. Make this relationship explicit and add a stub for !CONFIG_BLOCK.

Signed-off-by: Adam Manzanares <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <[email protected]>

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block: add ioprio_check_cap function

Aio per command iopriority support introduces a second interface between
userland and the kernel capable of passing iopriority. The aio interface also
needs the

block: add ioprio_check_cap function

Aio per command iopriority support introduces a second interface between
userland and the kernel capable of passing iopriority. The aio interface also
needs the ability to verify that the submitting context has sufficient
privileges to submit IOPRIO_RT commands. This patch creates the
ioprio_check_cap function to be used by the ioprio_set system call and also by
the aio interface.

Signed-off-by: Adam Manzanares <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Moyer <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <[email protected]>

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License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>

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block/ioprio: Use a helper to check for RT prio

A side-effect to the old code is that now SCHED_DEADLINE is also
recognized.

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <[email protected]>
Signed-

block/ioprio: Use a helper to check for RT prio

A side-effect to the old code is that now SCHED_DEADLINE is also
recognized.

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <[email protected]>
Cc: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>

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block: remove IOPRIO_BITS

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

cfq: don't use icq_get_changed()

cfq caches the associated cfqq's for a given cic. The cache needs to
be flushed if the cic's ioprio or blkcg has changed. It is currently
done by requiring the cha

cfq: don't use icq_get_changed()

cfq caches the associated cfqq's for a given cic. The cache needs to
be flushed if the cic's ioprio or blkcg has changed. It is currently
done by requiring the changing action to set the respective
ICQ_*_CHANGED bit in the icq and testing it from cfq_set_request(),
which involves iterating through all the affected icqs.

All cfq wants to know is whether ioprio and/or blkcg have changed
since the last flush and can be easily achieved by just remembering
the current ioprio and blkcg ID in cic.

This patch adds cic->{ioprio|blkcg_id}, updates all ioprio users to
use the remembered value instead, and updates cfq_set_request() path
such that, instead of using icq_get_changed(), the current values are
compared against the remembered ones and trigger appropriate flush
action if not. Condition tests are moved inside both _changed
functions which are now named check_ioprio_changed() and
check_blkcg_changed().

ioprio.h::task_ioprio*() can't be used anymore and replaced with
open-coded IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE case in cfq_async_queue_prio().

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <[email protected]>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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ext4: Add mount option to set kjournald's I/O priority

Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <[email protected]>
Cc: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

cfq-iosched: make io priorities inherit CPU scheduling class as well as nice

We currently set all processes to the best-effort scheduling class,
regardless of what CPU scheduling class they belong t

cfq-iosched: make io priorities inherit CPU scheduling class as well as nice

We currently set all processes to the best-effort scheduling class,
regardless of what CPU scheduling class they belong to. Improve that
so that we correctly track idle and rt scheduling classes as well.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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ioprio: move io priority from task_struct to io_context

This is where it belongs and then it doesn't take up space for a
process that doesn't do IO.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

cfq: async queue allocation per priority

If we have two processes with different ioprio_class, but the same
ioprio_data, their async requests will fall into the same queue. I guess
such behavior is

cfq: async queue allocation per priority

If we have two processes with different ioprio_class, but the same
ioprio_data, their async requests will fall into the same queue. I guess
such behavior is not expected, because it's not right to put real-time
requests and best-effort requests in the same queue.

The attached patch fixes the problem by introducing additional *cfqq
fields on cfqd, pointing to per-(class,priority) async queues.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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cfq-iosched: fix async queue behaviour

With the cfq_queue hash removal, we inadvertently got rid of the
async queue sharing. This was not intentional, in fact CFQ purposely
shares the async queue pe

cfq-iosched: fix async queue behaviour

With the cfq_queue hash removal, we inadvertently got rid of the
async queue sharing. This was not intentional, in fact CFQ purposely
shares the async queue per priority level to get good merging for
async writes.

So put some logic in cfq_get_queue() to track the shared queues.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

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[PATCH] uninline ioprio_best()

Saves 376 bytes (5 callers) for me.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>

[PATCH] move ioprio syscalls into syscalls.h

- Make ioprio syscalls return long, like set/getpriority syscalls.
- Move function prototypes into syscalls.h so we can pick them up in the
32/64bit co

[PATCH] move ioprio syscalls into syscalls.h

- Make ioprio syscalls return long, like set/getpriority syscalls.
- Move function prototypes into syscalls.h so we can pick them up in the
32/64bit compat code.

Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

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