1 use crate::Engine;
2 use crate::prelude::*;
3 use crate::runtime::vm::memory::{LocalMemory, MmapMemory, validate_atomic_addr};
4 use crate::runtime::vm::parking_spot::{ParkingSpot, Waiter};
5 use crate::runtime::vm::{self, Memory, VMMemoryDefinition, WaitResult};
6 use std::cell::RefCell;
7 use std::ops::Range;
8 use std::ptr::NonNull;
9 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, AtomicU64, Ordering};
10 use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
11 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
12 use wasmtime_environ::Trap;
13 
14 /// For shared memory (and only for shared memory), this lock-version restricts
15 /// access when growing the memory or checking its size. This is to conform with
16 /// the [thread proposal]: "When `IsSharedArrayBuffer(...)` is true, the return
17 /// value should be the result of an atomic read-modify-write of the new size to
18 /// the internal `length` slot."
19 ///
20 /// [thread proposal]:
21 ///     https://github.com/WebAssembly/threads/blob/master/proposals/threads/Overview.md#webassemblymemoryprototypegrow
22 #[derive(Clone)]
23 pub struct SharedMemory(Arc<SharedMemoryInner>);
24 
25 struct SharedMemoryInner {
26     memory: RwLock<LocalMemory>,
27     spot: ParkingSpot,
28     ty: wasmtime_environ::Memory,
29     def: LongTermVMMemoryDefinition,
30 }
31 
32 impl SharedMemory {
33     /// Construct a new [`SharedMemory`].
34     pub fn new(engine: &Engine, ty: &wasmtime_environ::Memory) -> Result<Self> {
35         let tunables = engine.tunables();
36         // Note that without a limiter being passed to `limit_new` this
37         // `assert_ready` should never panic.
38         let (minimum_bytes, maximum_bytes) = vm::assert_ready(Memory::limit_new(ty, None))?;
39         let mmap_memory = MmapMemory::new(ty, tunables, minimum_bytes, maximum_bytes)?;
40         Self::wrap(
41             engine,
42             ty,
43             LocalMemory::new(ty, tunables, Box::new(mmap_memory), None)?,
44         )
45     }
46 
47     /// Wrap an existing [Memory] with the locking provided by a [SharedMemory].
48     pub fn wrap(
49         engine: &Engine,
50         ty: &wasmtime_environ::Memory,
51         memory: LocalMemory,
52     ) -> Result<Self> {
53         if !engine.config().shared_memory {
54             bail!(
55                 "shared memory support is disabled for this engine -- see `Config::shared_memory`"
56             );
57         }
58         if !ty.shared {
59             bail!("shared memory must have a `shared` memory type");
60         }
61         Ok(Self(Arc::new(SharedMemoryInner {
62             ty: *ty,
63             spot: ParkingSpot::default(),
64             def: LongTermVMMemoryDefinition(memory.vmmemory()),
65             memory: RwLock::new(memory),
66         })))
67     }
68 
69     /// Return the memory type for this [`SharedMemory`].
70     pub fn ty(&self) -> wasmtime_environ::Memory {
71         self.0.ty
72     }
73 
74     /// Convert this shared memory into a [`Memory`].
75     pub fn as_memory(self) -> Memory {
76         Memory::Shared(self)
77     }
78 
79     /// Return a pointer to the shared memory's [VMMemoryDefinition].
80     pub fn vmmemory_ptr(&self) -> NonNull<VMMemoryDefinition> {
81         NonNull::from(&self.0.def.0)
82     }
83 
84     /// Same as `RuntimeLinearMemory::grow`, except with `&self`.
85     pub fn grow(&self, delta_pages: u64) -> Result<Option<(usize, usize)>, Error> {
86         let mut memory = self.0.memory.write().unwrap();
87         // Without a limiter being passed in this shouldn't have an await point,
88         // so it should be safe to assert that it's ready.
89         let result = vm::assert_ready(memory.grow(delta_pages, None))?;
90         if let Some((_old_size_in_bytes, new_size_in_bytes)) = result {
91             // Store the new size to the `VMMemoryDefinition` for JIT-generated
92             // code (and runtime functions) to access. No other code can be
93             // growing this memory due to the write lock, but code in other
94             // threads could have access to this shared memory and we want them
95             // to see the most consistent version of the `current_length`; a
96             // weaker consistency is possible if we accept them seeing an older,
97             // smaller memory size (assumption: memory only grows) but presently
98             // we are aiming for accuracy.
99             //
100             // Note that it could be possible to access a memory address that is
101             // now-valid due to changes to the page flags in `grow` above but
102             // beyond the `memory.size` that we are about to assign to. In these
103             // and similar cases, discussion in the thread proposal concluded
104             // that: "multiple accesses in one thread racing with another
105             // thread's `memory.grow` that are in-bounds only after the grow
106             // commits may independently succeed or trap" (see
107             // https://github.com/WebAssembly/threads/issues/26#issuecomment-433930711).
108             // In other words, some non-determinism is acceptable when using
109             // `memory.size` on work being done by `memory.grow`.
110             self.0
111                 .def
112                 .0
113                 .current_length
114                 .store(new_size_in_bytes, Ordering::SeqCst);
115         }
116         Ok(result)
117     }
118 
119     /// Implementation of `memory.atomic.notify` for this shared memory.
120     pub fn atomic_notify(&self, addr_index: u64, count: u32) -> Result<u32, Trap> {
121         let ptr = validate_atomic_addr(&self.0.def.0, addr_index, 4, 4)?;
122         log::trace!("memory.atomic.notify(addr={addr_index:#x}, count={count})");
123         let ptr = unsafe { &*ptr };
124         Ok(self.0.spot.notify(ptr, count))
125     }
126 
127     /// Implementation of `memory.atomic.wait32` for this shared memory.
128     pub fn atomic_wait32(
129         &self,
130         addr_index: u64,
131         expected: u32,
132         timeout: Option<Duration>,
133     ) -> Result<WaitResult, Trap> {
134         let addr = validate_atomic_addr(&self.0.def.0, addr_index, 4, 4)?;
135         log::trace!(
136             "memory.atomic.wait32(addr={addr_index:#x}, expected={expected}, timeout={timeout:?})"
137         );
138 
139         // SAFETY: `addr_index` was validated by `validate_atomic_addr` above.
140         assert!(std::mem::size_of::<AtomicU32>() == 4);
141         assert!(std::mem::align_of::<AtomicU32>() <= 4);
142         let atomic = unsafe { AtomicU32::from_ptr(addr.cast()) };
143         let deadline = timeout.map(|d| Instant::now() + d);
144 
145         WAITER.with(|waiter| {
146             let mut waiter = waiter.borrow_mut();
147             Ok(self.0.spot.wait32(atomic, expected, deadline, &mut waiter))
148         })
149     }
150 
151     /// Implementation of `memory.atomic.wait64` for this shared memory.
152     pub fn atomic_wait64(
153         &self,
154         addr_index: u64,
155         expected: u64,
156         timeout: Option<Duration>,
157     ) -> Result<WaitResult, Trap> {
158         let addr = validate_atomic_addr(&self.0.def.0, addr_index, 8, 8)?;
159         log::trace!(
160             "memory.atomic.wait64(addr={addr_index:#x}, expected={expected}, timeout={timeout:?})"
161         );
162 
163         // SAFETY: `addr_index` was validated by `validate_atomic_addr` above.
164         assert!(std::mem::size_of::<AtomicU64>() == 8);
165         assert!(std::mem::align_of::<AtomicU64>() <= 8);
166         let atomic = unsafe { AtomicU64::from_ptr(addr.cast()) };
167         let deadline = timeout.map(|d| Instant::now() + d);
168 
169         WAITER.with(|waiter| {
170             let mut waiter = waiter.borrow_mut();
171             Ok(self.0.spot.wait64(atomic, expected, deadline, &mut waiter))
172         })
173     }
174 
175     pub(crate) fn page_size(&self) -> u64 {
176         self.0.ty.page_size()
177     }
178 
179     pub(crate) fn byte_size(&self) -> usize {
180         self.0.memory.read().unwrap().byte_size()
181     }
182 
183     pub(crate) fn needs_init(&self) -> bool {
184         self.0.memory.read().unwrap().needs_init()
185     }
186 
187     pub(crate) fn wasm_accessible(&self) -> Range<usize> {
188         self.0.memory.read().unwrap().wasm_accessible()
189     }
190 }
191 
192 thread_local! {
193     /// Structure used in conjunction with `ParkingSpot` to block the current
194     /// thread if necessary. Note that this is lazily initialized.
195     static WAITER: RefCell<Waiter> = const { RefCell::new(Waiter::new()) };
196 }
197 
198 /// Shared memory needs some representation of a `VMMemoryDefinition` for
199 /// JIT-generated code to access. This structure owns the base pointer and
200 /// length to the actual memory and we share this definition across threads by:
201 /// - never changing the base pointer; according to the specification, shared
202 ///   memory must be created with a known maximum size so it can be allocated
203 ///   once and never moved
204 /// - carefully changing the length, using atomic accesses in both the runtime
205 ///   and JIT-generated code.
206 struct LongTermVMMemoryDefinition(VMMemoryDefinition);
207 unsafe impl Send for LongTermVMMemoryDefinition {}
208 unsafe impl Sync for LongTermVMMemoryDefinition {}
209