1 use super::{truncate_i32_to_i16, truncate_i32_to_i8};
2 use crate::{
3     prelude::*,
4     runtime::vm::{GcHeap, GcStore, VMGcRef},
5     store::AutoAssertNoGc,
6     vm::{FuncRefTableId, SendSyncPtr},
7     AnyRef, ExternRef, Func, HeapType, RootedGcRefImpl, StorageType, Val, ValType,
8 };
9 use core::fmt;
10 use wasmtime_environ::{GcStructLayout, VMGcKind};
11 
12 /// A `VMGcRef` that we know points to a `struct`.
13 ///
14 /// Create a `VMStructRef` via `VMGcRef::into_structref` and
15 /// `VMGcRef::as_structref`, or their untyped equivalents
16 /// `VMGcRef::into_structref_unchecked` and `VMGcRef::as_structref_unchecked`.
17 ///
18 /// Note: This is not a `TypedGcRef<_>` because each collector can have a
19 /// different concrete representation of `structref` that they allocate inside
20 /// their heaps.
21 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
22 #[repr(transparent)]
23 pub struct VMStructRef(VMGcRef);
24 
25 impl fmt::Pointer for VMStructRef {
26     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
27         fmt::Pointer::fmt(&self.0, f)
28     }
29 }
30 
31 impl From<VMStructRef> for VMGcRef {
32     #[inline]
33     fn from(x: VMStructRef) -> Self {
34         x.0
35     }
36 }
37 
38 impl VMGcRef {
39     /// Is this `VMGcRef` pointing to a `struct`?
40     pub fn is_structref(&self, gc_heap: &(impl GcHeap + ?Sized)) -> bool {
41         if self.is_i31() {
42             return false;
43         }
44 
45         let header = gc_heap.header(&self);
46         header.kind().matches(VMGcKind::StructRef)
47     }
48 
49     /// Create a new `VMStructRef` from the given `gc_ref`.
50     ///
51     /// If this is not a GC reference to an `structref`, `Err(self)` is
52     /// returned.
53     pub fn into_structref(self, gc_heap: &impl GcHeap) -> Result<VMStructRef, VMGcRef> {
54         if self.is_structref(gc_heap) {
55             Ok(self.into_structref_unchecked())
56         } else {
57             Err(self)
58         }
59     }
60 
61     /// Create a new `VMStructRef` from `self` without actually checking that
62     /// `self` is an `structref`.
63     ///
64     /// This method does not check that `self` is actually an `structref`, but
65     /// it should be. Failure to uphold this invariant is memory safe but will
66     /// result in general incorrectness down the line such as panics or wrong
67     /// results.
68     #[inline]
69     pub fn into_structref_unchecked(self) -> VMStructRef {
70         debug_assert!(!self.is_i31());
71         VMStructRef(self)
72     }
73 
74     /// Get this GC reference as an `structref` reference, if it actually is an
75     /// `structref` reference.
76     pub fn as_structref(&self, gc_heap: &(impl GcHeap + ?Sized)) -> Option<&VMStructRef> {
77         if self.is_structref(gc_heap) {
78             Some(self.as_structref_unchecked())
79         } else {
80             None
81         }
82     }
83 
84     /// Get this GC reference as an `structref` reference without checking if it
85     /// actually is an `structref` reference.
86     ///
87     /// Calling this method on a non-`structref` reference is memory safe, but
88     /// will lead to general incorrectness like panics and wrong results.
89     pub fn as_structref_unchecked(&self) -> &VMStructRef {
90         debug_assert!(!self.is_i31());
91         let ptr = self as *const VMGcRef;
92         let ret = unsafe { &*ptr.cast() };
93         assert!(matches!(ret, VMStructRef(VMGcRef { .. })));
94         ret
95     }
96 }
97 
98 impl VMStructRef {
99     /// Get the underlying `VMGcRef`.
100     pub fn as_gc_ref(&self) -> &VMGcRef {
101         &self.0
102     }
103 
104     /// Clone this `VMStructRef`, running any GC barriers as necessary.
105     pub fn clone(&self, gc_store: &mut GcStore) -> Self {
106         Self(gc_store.clone_gc_ref(&self.0))
107     }
108 
109     /// Explicitly drop this `structref`, running GC drop barriers as necessary.
110     pub fn drop(self, gc_store: &mut GcStore) {
111         gc_store.drop_gc_ref(self.0);
112     }
113 
114     /// Copy this `VMStructRef` without running the GC's clone barriers.
115     ///
116     /// Prefer calling `clone(&mut GcStore)` instead! This is mostly an internal
117     /// escape hatch for collector implementations.
118     ///
119     /// Failure to run GC barriers when they would otherwise be necessary can
120     /// lead to leaks, panics, and wrong results. It cannot lead to memory
121     /// unsafety, however.
122     pub fn unchecked_copy(&self) -> Self {
123         Self(self.0.unchecked_copy())
124     }
125 
126     /// Read a field of the given `StorageType` into a `Val`.
127     ///
128     /// `i8` and `i16` fields are zero-extended into `Val::I32(_)`s.
129     ///
130     /// Does not check that the field is actually of type `ty`. That is the
131     /// caller's responsibility. Failure to do so is memory safe, but will lead
132     /// to general incorrectness such as panics and wrong results.
133     ///
134     /// Panics on out-of-bounds accesses.
135     pub fn read_field(
136         &self,
137         store: &mut AutoAssertNoGc,
138         layout: &GcStructLayout,
139         ty: &StorageType,
140         field: usize,
141     ) -> Val {
142         let offset = layout.fields[field];
143         let data = store.unwrap_gc_store_mut().gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref());
144         match ty {
145             StorageType::I8 => Val::I32(data.read_u8(offset).into()),
146             StorageType::I16 => Val::I32(data.read_u16(offset).into()),
147             StorageType::ValType(ValType::I32) => Val::I32(data.read_i32(offset)),
148             StorageType::ValType(ValType::I64) => Val::I64(data.read_i64(offset)),
149             StorageType::ValType(ValType::F32) => Val::F32(data.read_u32(offset)),
150             StorageType::ValType(ValType::F64) => Val::F64(data.read_u64(offset)),
151             StorageType::ValType(ValType::V128) => Val::V128(data.read_v128(offset)),
152             StorageType::ValType(ValType::Ref(r)) => match r.heap_type().top() {
153                 HeapType::Extern => {
154                     let raw = data.read_u32(offset);
155                     Val::ExternRef(ExternRef::_from_raw(store, raw))
156                 }
157                 HeapType::Any => {
158                     let raw = data.read_u32(offset);
159                     Val::AnyRef(AnyRef::_from_raw(store, raw))
160                 }
161                 HeapType::Func => {
162                     let func_ref_id = data.read_u32(offset);
163                     let func_ref_id = FuncRefTableId::from_raw(func_ref_id);
164                     let func_ref = store
165                         .unwrap_gc_store()
166                         .func_ref_table
167                         .get_untyped(func_ref_id);
168                     Val::FuncRef(unsafe {
169                         func_ref.map(|p| Func::from_vm_func_ref(store, p.as_non_null()))
170                     })
171                 }
172                 otherwise => unreachable!("not a top type: {otherwise:?}"),
173             },
174         }
175     }
176 
177     /// Write the given value into this struct at the given offset.
178     ///
179     /// Returns an error if `val` is a GC reference that has since been
180     /// unrooted.
181     ///
182     /// Does not check that `val` matches `ty`, nor that the field is actually
183     /// of type `ty`. Checking those things is the caller's responsibility.
184     /// Failure to do so is memory safe, but will lead to general incorrectness
185     /// such as panics and wrong results.
186     ///
187     /// Panics on out-of-bounds accesses.
188     pub fn write_field(
189         &self,
190         store: &mut AutoAssertNoGc,
191         layout: &GcStructLayout,
192         ty: &StorageType,
193         field: usize,
194         val: Val,
195     ) -> Result<()> {
196         debug_assert!(val._matches_ty(&store, &ty.unpack())?);
197 
198         let offset = layout.fields[field];
199         let mut data = store.gc_store_mut()?.gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref());
200         match val {
201             Val::I32(i) if ty.is_i8() => data.write_i8(offset, truncate_i32_to_i8(i)),
202             Val::I32(i) if ty.is_i16() => data.write_i16(offset, truncate_i32_to_i16(i)),
203             Val::I32(i) => data.write_i32(offset, i),
204             Val::I64(i) => data.write_i64(offset, i),
205             Val::F32(f) => data.write_u32(offset, f),
206             Val::F64(f) => data.write_u64(offset, f),
207             Val::V128(v) => data.write_v128(offset, v),
208 
209             // For GC-managed references, we need to take care to run the
210             // appropriate barriers, even when we are writing null references
211             // into the struct.
212             //
213             // POD-read the old value into a local copy, run the GC write
214             // barrier on that local copy, and then POD-write the updated
215             // value back into the struct. This avoids transmuting the inner
216             // data, which would probably be fine, but this approach is
217             // Obviously Correct and should get us by for now. If LLVM isn't
218             // able to elide some of these unnecessary copies, and this
219             // method is ever hot enough, we can always come back and clean
220             // it up in the future.
221             Val::ExternRef(e) => {
222                 let raw = data.read_u32(offset);
223                 let mut gc_ref = VMGcRef::from_raw_u32(raw);
224                 let e = match e {
225                     Some(e) => Some(e.try_gc_ref(store)?.unchecked_copy()),
226                     None => None,
227                 };
228                 store.gc_store_mut()?.write_gc_ref(&mut gc_ref, e.as_ref());
229                 let mut data = store.gc_store_mut()?.gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref());
230                 data.write_u32(offset, gc_ref.map_or(0, |r| r.as_raw_u32()));
231             }
232             Val::AnyRef(a) => {
233                 let raw = data.read_u32(offset);
234                 let mut gc_ref = VMGcRef::from_raw_u32(raw);
235                 let a = match a {
236                     Some(a) => Some(a.try_gc_ref(store)?.unchecked_copy()),
237                     None => None,
238                 };
239                 store.gc_store_mut()?.write_gc_ref(&mut gc_ref, a.as_ref());
240                 let mut data = store.gc_store_mut()?.gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref());
241                 data.write_u32(offset, gc_ref.map_or(0, |r| r.as_raw_u32()));
242             }
243 
244             Val::FuncRef(f) => {
245                 let f = f.map(|f| SendSyncPtr::new(f.vm_func_ref(store)));
246                 let id = unsafe { store.gc_store_mut()?.func_ref_table.intern(f) };
247                 store
248                     .gc_store_mut()?
249                     .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
250                     .write_u32(offset, id.into_raw());
251             }
252         }
253         Ok(())
254     }
255 
256     /// Initialize a field in this structref that is currently uninitialized.
257     ///
258     /// The difference between this method and `write_field` is that GC barriers
259     /// are handled differently. When overwriting an initialized field (aka
260     /// `write_field`) we need to call the full write GC write barrier, which
261     /// logically drops the old GC reference and clones the new GC
262     /// reference. When we are initializing a field for the first time, there is
263     /// no old GC reference that is being overwritten and which we need to drop,
264     /// so we only need to clone the new GC reference.
265     ///
266     /// Calling this method on a structref that has already had the associated
267     /// field initialized will result in GC bugs. These are memory safe but will
268     /// lead to generally incorrect behavior such as panics, leaks, and
269     /// incorrect results.
270     ///
271     /// Does not check that `val` matches `ty`, nor that the field is actually
272     /// of type `ty`. Checking those things is the caller's responsibility.
273     /// Failure to do so is memory safe, but will lead to general incorrectness
274     /// such as panics and wrong results.
275     ///
276     /// Returns an error if `val` is a GC reference that has since been
277     /// unrooted.
278     ///
279     /// Panics on out-of-bounds accesses.
280     pub fn initialize_field(
281         &self,
282         store: &mut AutoAssertNoGc,
283         layout: &GcStructLayout,
284         ty: &StorageType,
285         field: usize,
286         val: Val,
287     ) -> Result<()> {
288         debug_assert!(val._matches_ty(&store, &ty.unpack())?);
289         let offset = layout.fields[field];
290         match val {
291             Val::I32(i) if ty.is_i8() => store
292                 .gc_store_mut()?
293                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
294                 .write_i8(offset, truncate_i32_to_i8(i)),
295             Val::I32(i) if ty.is_i16() => store
296                 .gc_store_mut()?
297                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
298                 .write_i16(offset, truncate_i32_to_i16(i)),
299             Val::I32(i) => store
300                 .gc_store_mut()?
301                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
302                 .write_i32(offset, i),
303             Val::I64(i) => store
304                 .gc_store_mut()?
305                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
306                 .write_i64(offset, i),
307             Val::F32(f) => store
308                 .gc_store_mut()?
309                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
310                 .write_u32(offset, f),
311             Val::F64(f) => store
312                 .gc_store_mut()?
313                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
314                 .write_u64(offset, f),
315             Val::V128(v) => store
316                 .gc_store_mut()?
317                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
318                 .write_v128(offset, v),
319 
320             // NB: We don't need to do a write barrier when initializing a
321             // field, because there is nothing being overwritten. Therefore, we
322             // just the clone barrier.
323             Val::ExternRef(x) => {
324                 let x = match x {
325                     None => 0,
326                     Some(x) => x.try_clone_gc_ref(store)?.as_raw_u32(),
327                 };
328                 store
329                     .gc_store_mut()?
330                     .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
331                     .write_u32(offset, x);
332             }
333             Val::AnyRef(x) => {
334                 let x = match x {
335                     None => 0,
336                     Some(x) => x.try_clone_gc_ref(store)?.as_raw_u32(),
337                 };
338                 store
339                     .gc_store_mut()?
340                     .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
341                     .write_u32(offset, x);
342             }
343 
344             Val::FuncRef(f) => {
345                 let f = f.map(|f| SendSyncPtr::new(f.vm_func_ref(store)));
346                 let id = unsafe { store.gc_store_mut()?.func_ref_table.intern(f) };
347                 store
348                     .gc_store_mut()?
349                     .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
350                     .write_u32(offset, id.into_raw());
351             }
352         }
353         Ok(())
354     }
355 }
356