1 use super::{truncate_i32_to_i16, truncate_i32_to_i8};
2 use crate::{
3     prelude::*,
4     runtime::vm::{GcHeap, GcStore, VMGcRef},
5     store::{AutoAssertNoGc, StoreOpaque},
6     vm::GcArrayLayout,
7     AnyRef, ExternRef, HeapType, RootedGcRefImpl, StorageType, Val, ValType,
8 };
9 use core::fmt;
10 use wasmtime_environ::VMGcKind;
11 
12 /// A `VMGcRef` that we know points to a `array`.
13 ///
14 /// Create a `VMArrayRef` via `VMGcRef::into_arrayref` and
15 /// `VMGcRef::as_arrayref`, or their untyped equivalents
16 /// `VMGcRef::into_arrayref_unchecked` and `VMGcRef::as_arrayref_unchecked`.
17 ///
18 /// Note: This is not a `TypedGcRef<_>` because each collector can have a
19 /// different concrete representation of `arrayref` that they allocate inside
20 /// their heaps.
21 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
22 #[repr(transparent)]
23 pub struct VMArrayRef(VMGcRef);
24 
25 impl fmt::Pointer for VMArrayRef {
26     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
27         fmt::Pointer::fmt(&self.0, f)
28     }
29 }
30 
31 impl From<VMArrayRef> for VMGcRef {
32     #[inline]
33     fn from(x: VMArrayRef) -> Self {
34         x.0
35     }
36 }
37 
38 impl VMGcRef {
39     /// Is this `VMGcRef` pointing to a `array`?
40     pub fn is_arrayref(&self, gc_heap: &(impl GcHeap + ?Sized)) -> bool {
41         if self.is_i31() {
42             return false;
43         }
44 
45         let header = gc_heap.header(&self);
46         header.kind().matches(VMGcKind::ArrayRef)
47     }
48 
49     /// Create a new `VMArrayRef` from the given `gc_ref`.
50     ///
51     /// If this is not a GC reference to an `arrayref`, `Err(self)` is
52     /// returned.
53     pub fn into_arrayref(self, gc_heap: &impl GcHeap) -> Result<VMArrayRef, VMGcRef> {
54         if self.is_arrayref(gc_heap) {
55             Ok(self.into_arrayref_unchecked())
56         } else {
57             Err(self)
58         }
59     }
60 
61     /// Create a new `VMArrayRef` from `self` without actually checking that
62     /// `self` is an `arrayref`.
63     ///
64     /// This method does not check that `self` is actually an `arrayref`, but
65     /// it should be. Failure to uphold this invariant is memory safe but will
66     /// result in general incorrectness down the line such as panics or wrong
67     /// results.
68     #[inline]
69     pub fn into_arrayref_unchecked(self) -> VMArrayRef {
70         debug_assert!(!self.is_i31());
71         VMArrayRef(self)
72     }
73 
74     /// Get this GC reference as an `arrayref` reference, if it actually is an
75     /// `arrayref` reference.
76     pub fn as_arrayref(&self, gc_heap: &(impl GcHeap + ?Sized)) -> Option<&VMArrayRef> {
77         if self.is_arrayref(gc_heap) {
78             Some(self.as_arrayref_unchecked())
79         } else {
80             None
81         }
82     }
83 
84     /// Get this GC reference as an `arrayref` reference without checking if it
85     /// actually is an `arrayref` reference.
86     ///
87     /// Calling this method on a non-`arrayref` reference is memory safe, but
88     /// will lead to general incorrectness like panics and wrong results.
89     pub fn as_arrayref_unchecked(&self) -> &VMArrayRef {
90         debug_assert!(!self.is_i31());
91         let ptr = self as *const VMGcRef;
92         let ret = unsafe { &*ptr.cast() };
93         assert!(matches!(ret, VMArrayRef(VMGcRef { .. })));
94         ret
95     }
96 }
97 
98 impl VMArrayRef {
99     /// Get the underlying `VMGcRef`.
100     pub fn as_gc_ref(&self) -> &VMGcRef {
101         &self.0
102     }
103 
104     /// Clone this `VMArrayRef`, running any GC barriers as necessary.
105     pub fn clone(&self, gc_store: &mut GcStore) -> Self {
106         Self(gc_store.clone_gc_ref(&self.0))
107     }
108 
109     /// Explicitly drop this `arrayref`, running GC drop barriers as necessary.
110     pub fn drop(self, gc_store: &mut GcStore) {
111         gc_store.drop_gc_ref(self.0);
112     }
113 
114     /// Copy this `VMArrayRef` without running the GC's clone barriers.
115     ///
116     /// Prefer calling `clone(&mut GcStore)` instead! This is mostly an internal
117     /// escape hatch for collector implementations.
118     ///
119     /// Failure to run GC barriers when they would otherwise be necessary can
120     /// lead to leaks, panics, and wrong results. It cannot lead to memory
121     /// unsafety, however.
122     pub fn unchecked_copy(&self) -> Self {
123         Self(self.0.unchecked_copy())
124     }
125 
126     /// Get the length of this array.
127     pub fn len(&self, store: &StoreOpaque) -> u32 {
128         store.unwrap_gc_store().array_len(self)
129     }
130 
131     /// Read an element of the given `StorageType` into a `Val`.
132     ///
133     /// `i8` and `i16` fields are zero-extended into `Val::I32(_)`s.
134     ///
135     /// Does not check that this array's elements are actually of type
136     /// `ty`. That is the caller's responsibility. Failure to do so is memory
137     /// safe, but will lead to general incorrectness such as panics and wrong
138     /// results.
139     ///
140     /// Panics on out-of-bounds accesses.
141     pub fn read_elem(
142         &self,
143         store: &mut AutoAssertNoGc,
144         layout: &GcArrayLayout,
145         ty: &StorageType,
146         index: u32,
147     ) -> Val {
148         let offset = layout.elems_offset + index * ty.byte_size_in_gc_heap();
149         let data = store.unwrap_gc_store_mut().gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref());
150         match ty {
151             StorageType::I8 => Val::I32(data.read_u8(offset).into()),
152             StorageType::I16 => Val::I32(data.read_u16(offset).into()),
153             StorageType::ValType(ValType::I32) => Val::I32(data.read_i32(offset)),
154             StorageType::ValType(ValType::I64) => Val::I64(data.read_i64(offset)),
155             StorageType::ValType(ValType::F32) => Val::F32(data.read_u32(offset)),
156             StorageType::ValType(ValType::F64) => Val::F64(data.read_u64(offset)),
157             StorageType::ValType(ValType::V128) => Val::V128(data.read_v128(offset)),
158             StorageType::ValType(ValType::Ref(r)) => match r.heap_type().top() {
159                 HeapType::Extern => {
160                     let raw = data.read_u32(offset);
161                     Val::ExternRef(ExternRef::_from_raw(store, raw))
162                 }
163                 HeapType::Any => {
164                     let raw = data.read_u32(offset);
165                     Val::AnyRef(AnyRef::_from_raw(store, raw))
166                 }
167                 HeapType::Func => todo!("funcrefs inside gc objects not yet implemented"),
168                 otherwise => unreachable!("not a top type: {otherwise:?}"),
169             },
170         }
171     }
172 
173     /// Write the given value into this array at the given offset.
174     ///
175     /// Returns an error if `val` is a GC reference that has since been
176     /// unrooted.
177     ///
178     /// Does not check that `val` matches `ty`, nor that the field is actually
179     /// of type `ty`. Checking those things is the caller's responsibility.
180     /// Failure to do so is memory safe, but will lead to general incorrectness
181     /// such as panics and wrong results.
182     ///
183     /// Panics on out-of-bounds accesses.
184     pub fn write_elem(
185         &self,
186         store: &mut AutoAssertNoGc,
187         layout: &GcArrayLayout,
188         ty: &StorageType,
189         index: u32,
190         val: Val,
191     ) -> Result<()> {
192         debug_assert!(val._matches_ty(&store, &ty.unpack())?);
193 
194         let offset = layout.elem_offset(index, ty.byte_size_in_gc_heap());
195         let mut data = store.unwrap_gc_store_mut().gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref());
196         match val {
197             Val::I32(i) if ty.is_i8() => data.write_i8(offset, truncate_i32_to_i8(i)),
198             Val::I32(i) if ty.is_i16() => data.write_i16(offset, truncate_i32_to_i16(i)),
199             Val::I32(i) => data.write_i32(offset, i),
200             Val::I64(i) => data.write_i64(offset, i),
201             Val::F32(f) => data.write_u32(offset, f),
202             Val::F64(f) => data.write_u64(offset, f),
203             Val::V128(v) => data.write_v128(offset, v),
204 
205             // For GC-managed references, we need to take care to run the
206             // appropriate barriers, even when we are writing null references
207             // into the array.
208             //
209             // POD-read the old value into a local copy, run the GC write
210             // barrier on that local copy, and then POD-write the updated
211             // value back into the array. This avoids transmuting the inner
212             // data, which would probably be fine, but this approach is
213             // Obviously Correct and should get us by for now. If LLVM isn't
214             // able to elide some of these unnecessary copies, and this
215             // method is ever hot enough, we can always come back and clean
216             // it up in the future.
217             Val::ExternRef(e) => {
218                 let raw = data.read_u32(offset);
219                 let mut gc_ref = VMGcRef::from_raw_u32(raw);
220                 let e = match e {
221                     Some(e) => Some(e.try_gc_ref(store)?.unchecked_copy()),
222                     None => None,
223                 };
224                 store.gc_store_mut()?.write_gc_ref(&mut gc_ref, e.as_ref());
225                 let mut data = store.gc_store_mut()?.gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref());
226                 data.write_u32(offset, gc_ref.map_or(0, |r| r.as_raw_u32()));
227             }
228             Val::AnyRef(a) => {
229                 let raw = data.read_u32(offset);
230                 let mut gc_ref = VMGcRef::from_raw_u32(raw);
231                 let a = match a {
232                     Some(a) => Some(a.try_gc_ref(store)?.unchecked_copy()),
233                     None => None,
234                 };
235                 store.gc_store_mut()?.write_gc_ref(&mut gc_ref, a.as_ref());
236                 let mut data = store.gc_store_mut()?.gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref());
237                 data.write_u32(offset, gc_ref.map_or(0, |r| r.as_raw_u32()));
238             }
239 
240             Val::FuncRef(_) => todo!("funcrefs inside gc objects not yet implemented"),
241         }
242         Ok(())
243     }
244 
245     /// Initialize an element in this arrayref that is currently uninitialized.
246     ///
247     /// The difference between this method and `write_elem` is that GC barriers
248     /// are handled differently. When overwriting an initialized element (aka
249     /// `write_elem`) we need to call the full write GC write barrier, which
250     /// logically drops the old GC reference and clones the new GC
251     /// reference. When we are initializing an element for the first time, there
252     /// is no old GC reference that is being overwritten and which we need to
253     /// drop, so we only need to clone the new GC reference.
254     ///
255     /// Calling this method on a arrayref that has already had the associated
256     /// element initialized will result in GC bugs. These are memory safe but
257     /// will lead to generally incorrect behavior such as panics, leaks, and
258     /// incorrect results.
259     ///
260     /// Does not check that `val` matches `ty`, nor that the field is actually
261     /// of type `ty`. Checking those things is the caller's responsibility.
262     /// Failure to do so is memory safe, but will lead to general incorrectness
263     /// such as panics and wrong results.
264     ///
265     /// Returns an error if `val` is a GC reference that has since been
266     /// unrooted.
267     ///
268     /// Panics on out-of-bounds accesses.
269     pub fn initialize_elem(
270         &self,
271         store: &mut AutoAssertNoGc,
272         layout: &GcArrayLayout,
273         ty: &StorageType,
274         index: u32,
275         val: Val,
276     ) -> Result<()> {
277         debug_assert!(val._matches_ty(&store, &ty.unpack())?);
278         let offset = layout.elem_offset(index, ty.byte_size_in_gc_heap());
279         match val {
280             Val::I32(i) if ty.is_i8() => store
281                 .gc_store_mut()?
282                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
283                 .write_i8(offset, truncate_i32_to_i8(i)),
284             Val::I32(i) if ty.is_i16() => store
285                 .gc_store_mut()?
286                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
287                 .write_i16(offset, truncate_i32_to_i16(i)),
288             Val::I32(i) => store
289                 .gc_store_mut()?
290                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
291                 .write_i32(offset, i),
292             Val::I64(i) => store
293                 .gc_store_mut()?
294                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
295                 .write_i64(offset, i),
296             Val::F32(f) => store
297                 .gc_store_mut()?
298                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
299                 .write_u32(offset, f),
300             Val::F64(f) => store
301                 .gc_store_mut()?
302                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
303                 .write_u64(offset, f),
304             Val::V128(v) => store
305                 .gc_store_mut()?
306                 .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
307                 .write_v128(offset, v),
308 
309             // NB: We don't need to do a write barrier when initializing a
310             // field, because there is nothing being overwritten. Therefore, we
311             // just the clone barrier.
312             Val::ExternRef(x) => {
313                 let x = match x {
314                     None => 0,
315                     Some(x) => x.try_clone_gc_ref(store)?.as_raw_u32(),
316                 };
317                 store
318                     .gc_store_mut()?
319                     .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
320                     .write_u32(offset, x);
321             }
322             Val::AnyRef(x) => {
323                 let x = match x {
324                     None => 0,
325                     Some(x) => x.try_clone_gc_ref(store)?.as_raw_u32(),
326                 };
327                 store
328                     .gc_store_mut()?
329                     .gc_object_data(self.as_gc_ref())
330                     .write_u32(offset, x);
331             }
332 
333             Val::FuncRef(_) => {
334                 // TODO: we can't trust the GC heap, which means we can't read
335                 // native VMFuncRef pointers out of it and trust them. That
336                 // means we need to do the same side table kind of thing we do
337                 // with `externref` host data here. This isn't implemented yet.
338                 todo!("funcrefs in GC objects")
339             }
340         }
341         Ok(())
342     }
343 }
344