xref: /wasmtime-44.0.1/crates/cli-flags/src/lib.rs (revision fee9be21)
1 //! Contains the common Wasmtime command line interface (CLI) flags.
2 
3 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
4 use clap::Parser;
5 use serde::Deserialize;
6 use std::{
7     fmt, fs,
8     path::{Path, PathBuf},
9     time::Duration,
10 };
11 use wasmtime::Config;
12 
13 pub mod opt;
14 
15 #[cfg(feature = "logging")]
16 fn init_file_per_thread_logger(prefix: &'static str) {
17     file_per_thread_logger::initialize(prefix);
18     file_per_thread_logger::allow_uninitialized();
19 
20     // Extending behavior of default spawner:
21     // https://docs.rs/rayon/1.1.0/rayon/struct.ThreadPoolBuilder.html#method.spawn_handler
22     // Source code says DefaultSpawner is implementation detail and
23     // shouldn't be used directly.
24     #[cfg(feature = "parallel-compilation")]
25     rayon::ThreadPoolBuilder::new()
26         .spawn_handler(move |thread| {
27             let mut b = std::thread::Builder::new();
28             if let Some(name) = thread.name() {
29                 b = b.name(name.to_owned());
30             }
31             if let Some(stack_size) = thread.stack_size() {
32                 b = b.stack_size(stack_size);
33             }
34             b.spawn(move || {
35                 file_per_thread_logger::initialize(prefix);
36                 thread.run()
37             })?;
38             Ok(())
39         })
40         .build_global()
41         .unwrap();
42 }
43 
44 wasmtime_option_group! {
45     #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Deserialize)]
46     #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", deny_unknown_fields)]
47     pub struct OptimizeOptions {
48         /// Optimization level of generated code (0-2, s; default: 2)
49         #[serde(default)]
50         #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
51         pub opt_level: Option<wasmtime::OptLevel>,
52 
53         /// Register allocator algorithm choice.
54         #[serde(default)]
55         #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
56         pub regalloc_algorithm: Option<wasmtime::RegallocAlgorithm>,
57 
58         /// Do not allow Wasm linear memories to move in the host process's
59         /// address space.
60         pub memory_may_move: Option<bool>,
61 
62         /// Initial virtual memory allocation size for memories.
63         pub memory_reservation: Option<u64>,
64 
65         /// Bytes to reserve at the end of linear memory for growth into.
66         pub memory_reservation_for_growth: Option<u64>,
67 
68         /// Size, in bytes, of guard pages for linear memories.
69         pub memory_guard_size: Option<u64>,
70 
71         /// Indicates whether an unmapped region of memory is placed before all
72         /// linear memories.
73         pub guard_before_linear_memory: Option<bool>,
74 
75         /// Whether to initialize tables lazily, so that instantiation is
76         /// fast but indirect calls are a little slower. If no, tables are
77         /// initialized eagerly from any active element segments that apply to
78         /// them during instantiation. (default: yes)
79         pub table_lazy_init: Option<bool>,
80 
81         /// Enable the pooling allocator, in place of the on-demand allocator.
82         pub pooling_allocator: Option<bool>,
83 
84         /// The number of decommits to do per batch. A batch size of 1
85         /// effectively disables decommit batching. (default: 1)
86         pub pooling_decommit_batch_size: Option<usize>,
87 
88         /// How many bytes to keep resident between instantiations for the
89         /// pooling allocator in linear memories.
90         pub pooling_memory_keep_resident: Option<usize>,
91 
92         /// How many bytes to keep resident between instantiations for the
93         /// pooling allocator in tables.
94         pub pooling_table_keep_resident: Option<usize>,
95 
96         /// Enable memory protection keys for the pooling allocator; this can
97         /// optimize the size of memory slots.
98         #[serde(default)]
99         #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
100         pub pooling_memory_protection_keys: Option<wasmtime::Enabled>,
101 
102         /// Sets an upper limit on how many memory protection keys (MPK) Wasmtime
103         /// will use. (default: 16)
104         pub pooling_max_memory_protection_keys: Option<usize>,
105 
106         /// Configure attempting to initialize linear memory via a
107         /// copy-on-write mapping (default: yes)
108         pub memory_init_cow: Option<bool>,
109 
110         /// Threshold below which CoW images are guaranteed to be used and be
111         /// dense.
112         pub memory_guaranteed_dense_image_size: Option<u64>,
113 
114         /// The maximum number of WebAssembly instances which can be created
115         /// with the pooling allocator.
116         pub pooling_total_core_instances: Option<u32>,
117 
118         /// The maximum number of WebAssembly components which can be created
119         /// with the pooling allocator.
120         pub pooling_total_component_instances: Option<u32>,
121 
122         /// The maximum number of WebAssembly memories which can be created with
123         /// the pooling allocator.
124         pub pooling_total_memories: Option<u32>,
125 
126         /// The maximum number of WebAssembly tables which can be created with
127         /// the pooling allocator.
128         pub pooling_total_tables: Option<u32>,
129 
130         /// The maximum number of WebAssembly stacks which can be created with
131         /// the pooling allocator.
132         pub pooling_total_stacks: Option<u32>,
133 
134         /// The maximum runtime size of each linear memory in the pooling
135         /// allocator, in bytes.
136         pub pooling_max_memory_size: Option<usize>,
137 
138         /// The maximum table elements for any table defined in a module when
139         /// using the pooling allocator.
140         pub pooling_table_elements: Option<usize>,
141 
142         /// The maximum size, in bytes, allocated for a core instance's metadata
143         /// when using the pooling allocator.
144         pub pooling_max_core_instance_size: Option<usize>,
145 
146         /// Configures the maximum number of "unused warm slots" to retain in the
147         /// pooling allocator. (default: 100)
148         pub pooling_max_unused_warm_slots: Option<u32>,
149 
150         /// How much memory, in bytes, to keep resident for async stacks allocated
151         /// with the pooling allocator. (default: 0)
152         pub pooling_async_stack_keep_resident: Option<usize>,
153 
154         /// The maximum size, in bytes, allocated for a component instance's
155         /// `VMComponentContext` metadata. (default: 1MiB)
156         pub pooling_max_component_instance_size: Option<usize>,
157 
158         /// The maximum number of core instances a single component may contain
159         /// (default is unlimited).
160         pub pooling_max_core_instances_per_component: Option<u32>,
161 
162         /// The maximum number of Wasm linear memories that a single component may
163         /// transitively contain (default is unlimited).
164         pub pooling_max_memories_per_component: Option<u32>,
165 
166         /// The maximum number of tables that a single component may transitively
167         /// contain (default is unlimited).
168         pub pooling_max_tables_per_component: Option<u32>,
169 
170         /// The maximum number of defined tables for a core module. (default: 1)
171         pub pooling_max_tables_per_module: Option<u32>,
172 
173         /// The maximum number of defined linear memories for a module. (default: 1)
174         pub pooling_max_memories_per_module: Option<u32>,
175 
176         /// The maximum number of concurrent GC heaps supported. (default: 1000)
177         pub pooling_total_gc_heaps: Option<u32>,
178 
179         /// Enable or disable the use of host signal handlers for traps.
180         pub signals_based_traps: Option<bool>,
181 
182         /// DEPRECATED: Use `-Cmemory-guard-size=N` instead.
183         pub dynamic_memory_guard_size: Option<u64>,
184 
185         /// DEPRECATED: Use `-Cmemory-guard-size=N` instead.
186         pub static_memory_guard_size: Option<u64>,
187 
188         /// DEPRECATED: Use `-Cmemory-may-move` instead.
189         pub static_memory_forced: Option<bool>,
190 
191         /// DEPRECATED: Use `-Cmemory-reservation=N` instead.
192         pub static_memory_maximum_size: Option<u64>,
193 
194         /// DEPRECATED: Use `-Cmemory-reservation-for-growth=N` instead.
195         pub dynamic_memory_reserved_for_growth: Option<u64>,
196 
197         /// Whether or not `PAGEMAP_SCAN` ioctls are used to reset linear
198         /// memory.
199         #[serde(default)]
200         #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
201         pub pooling_pagemap_scan: Option<wasmtime::Enabled>,
202     }
203 
204     enum Optimize {
205         ...
206     }
207 }
208 
209 wasmtime_option_group! {
210     #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Deserialize)]
211     #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", deny_unknown_fields)]
212     pub struct CodegenOptions {
213         /// Either `cranelift` or `winch`.
214         ///
215         /// Currently only `cranelift` and `winch` are supported, but not all
216         /// builds of Wasmtime have both built in.
217         #[serde(default)]
218         #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
219         pub compiler: Option<wasmtime::Strategy>,
220         /// Which garbage collector to use: `drc` or `null`.
221         ///
222         /// `drc` is the deferred reference-counting collector.
223         ///
224         /// `null` is the null garbage collector, which does not collect any
225         /// garbage.
226         ///
227         /// Note that not all builds of Wasmtime will have support for garbage
228         /// collection included.
229         #[serde(default)]
230         #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
231         pub collector: Option<wasmtime::Collector>,
232         /// Enable Cranelift's internal debug verifier (expensive)
233         pub cranelift_debug_verifier: Option<bool>,
234         /// Whether or not to enable caching of compiled modules.
235         pub cache: Option<bool>,
236         /// Configuration for compiled module caching.
237         pub cache_config: Option<String>,
238         /// Whether or not to enable parallel compilation of modules.
239         pub parallel_compilation: Option<bool>,
240         /// Whether to enable proof-carrying code (PCC)-based validation.
241         pub pcc: Option<bool>,
242         /// Controls whether native unwind information is present in compiled
243         /// object files.
244         pub native_unwind_info: Option<bool>,
245 
246         /// Whether to perform function inlining during compilation.
247         pub inlining: Option<bool>,
248 
249         #[prefixed = "cranelift"]
250         #[serde(default)]
251         /// Set a cranelift-specific option. Use `wasmtime settings` to see
252         /// all.
253         pub cranelift: Vec<(String, Option<String>)>,
254     }
255 
256     enum Codegen {
257         ...
258     }
259 }
260 
261 wasmtime_option_group! {
262     #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Deserialize)]
263     #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", deny_unknown_fields)]
264     pub struct DebugOptions {
265         /// Enable generation of DWARF debug information in compiled code.
266         pub debug_info: Option<bool>,
267         /// Enable guest debugging insrumentation.
268         pub guest_debug: Option<bool>,
269         /// Configure whether compiled code can map native addresses to wasm.
270         pub address_map: Option<bool>,
271         /// Configure whether logging is enabled.
272         pub logging: Option<bool>,
273         /// Configure whether logs are emitted to files
274         pub log_to_files: Option<bool>,
275         /// Enable coredump generation to this file after a WebAssembly trap.
276         pub coredump: Option<String>,
277     }
278 
279     enum Debug {
280         ...
281     }
282 }
283 
284 wasmtime_option_group! {
285     #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Deserialize)]
286     #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", deny_unknown_fields)]
287     pub struct WasmOptions {
288         /// Enable canonicalization of all NaN values.
289         pub nan_canonicalization: Option<bool>,
290         /// Enable execution fuel with N units fuel, trapping after running out
291         /// of fuel.
292         ///
293         /// Most WebAssembly instructions consume 1 unit of fuel. Some
294         /// instructions, such as `nop`, `drop`, `block`, and `loop`, consume 0
295         /// units, as any execution cost associated with them involves other
296         /// instructions which do consume fuel.
297         pub fuel: Option<u64>,
298         /// Yield when a global epoch counter changes, allowing for async
299         /// operation without blocking the executor.
300         pub epoch_interruption: Option<bool>,
301         /// Maximum stack size, in bytes, that wasm is allowed to consume before a
302         /// stack overflow is reported.
303         pub max_wasm_stack: Option<usize>,
304         /// Stack size, in bytes, that will be allocated for async stacks.
305         ///
306         /// Note that this must be larger than `max-wasm-stack` and the
307         /// difference between the two is how much stack the host has to execute
308         /// on.
309         pub async_stack_size: Option<usize>,
310         /// Configures whether or not stacks used for async futures are zeroed
311         /// before (re)use as a defense-in-depth mechanism. (default: false)
312         pub async_stack_zeroing: Option<bool>,
313         /// Allow unknown exports when running commands.
314         pub unknown_exports_allow: Option<bool>,
315         /// Allow the main module to import unknown functions, using an
316         /// implementation that immediately traps, when running commands.
317         pub unknown_imports_trap: Option<bool>,
318         /// Allow the main module to import unknown functions, using an
319         /// implementation that returns default values, when running commands.
320         pub unknown_imports_default: Option<bool>,
321         /// Enables memory error checking. (see wmemcheck.md for more info)
322         pub wmemcheck: Option<bool>,
323         /// Maximum size, in bytes, that a linear memory is allowed to reach.
324         ///
325         /// Growth beyond this limit will cause `memory.grow` instructions in
326         /// WebAssembly modules to return -1 and fail.
327         pub max_memory_size: Option<usize>,
328         /// Maximum size, in table elements, that a table is allowed to reach.
329         pub max_table_elements: Option<usize>,
330         /// Maximum number of WebAssembly instances allowed to be created.
331         pub max_instances: Option<usize>,
332         /// Maximum number of WebAssembly tables allowed to be created.
333         pub max_tables: Option<usize>,
334         /// Maximum number of WebAssembly linear memories allowed to be created.
335         pub max_memories: Option<usize>,
336         /// Force a trap to be raised on `memory.grow` and `table.grow` failure
337         /// instead of returning -1 from these instructions.
338         ///
339         /// This is not necessarily a spec-compliant option to enable but can be
340         /// useful for tracking down a backtrace of what is requesting so much
341         /// memory, for example.
342         pub trap_on_grow_failure: Option<bool>,
343         /// Maximum execution time of wasm code before timing out (1, 2s, 100ms, etc)
344         pub timeout: Option<Duration>,
345         /// Configures support for all WebAssembly proposals implemented.
346         pub all_proposals: Option<bool>,
347         /// Configure support for the bulk memory proposal.
348         pub bulk_memory: Option<bool>,
349         /// Configure support for the multi-memory proposal.
350         pub multi_memory: Option<bool>,
351         /// Configure support for the multi-value proposal.
352         pub multi_value: Option<bool>,
353         /// Configure support for the reference-types proposal.
354         pub reference_types: Option<bool>,
355         /// Configure support for the simd proposal.
356         pub simd: Option<bool>,
357         /// Configure support for the relaxed-simd proposal.
358         pub relaxed_simd: Option<bool>,
359         /// Configure forcing deterministic and host-independent behavior of
360         /// the relaxed-simd instructions.
361         ///
362         /// By default these instructions may have architecture-specific behavior as
363         /// allowed by the specification, but this can be used to force the behavior
364         /// of these instructions to match the deterministic behavior classified in
365         /// the specification. Note that enabling this option may come at a
366         /// performance cost.
367         pub relaxed_simd_deterministic: Option<bool>,
368         /// Configure support for the tail-call proposal.
369         pub tail_call: Option<bool>,
370         /// Configure support for the threads proposal.
371         pub threads: Option<bool>,
372         /// Configure the ability to create a `shared` memory.
373         pub shared_memory: Option<bool>,
374         /// Configure support for the shared-everything-threads proposal.
375         pub shared_everything_threads: Option<bool>,
376         /// Configure support for the memory64 proposal.
377         pub memory64: Option<bool>,
378         /// Configure support for the component-model proposal.
379         pub component_model: Option<bool>,
380         /// Component model support for async lifting/lowering.
381         pub component_model_async: Option<bool>,
382         /// Component model support for async lifting/lowering: this corresponds
383         /// to the �� emoji in the component model specification.
384         pub component_model_async_builtins: Option<bool>,
385         /// Component model support for async lifting/lowering: this corresponds
386         /// to the �� emoji in the component model specification.
387         pub component_model_async_stackful: Option<bool>,
388         /// Component model support for threading: this corresponds
389         /// to the �� emoji in the component model specification.
390         pub component_model_threading: Option<bool>,
391         /// Component model support for `error-context`: this corresponds
392         /// to the �� emoji in the component model specification.
393         pub component_model_error_context: Option<bool>,
394         /// GC support in the component model: this corresponds to the �� emoji
395         /// in the component model specification.
396         pub component_model_gc: Option<bool>,
397         /// Configure support for the function-references proposal.
398         pub function_references: Option<bool>,
399         /// Configure support for the stack-switching proposal.
400         pub stack_switching: Option<bool>,
401         /// Configure support for the GC proposal.
402         pub gc: Option<bool>,
403         /// Configure support for the custom-page-sizes proposal.
404         pub custom_page_sizes: Option<bool>,
405         /// Configure support for the wide-arithmetic proposal.
406         pub wide_arithmetic: Option<bool>,
407         /// Configure support for the extended-const proposal.
408         pub extended_const: Option<bool>,
409         /// Configure support for the exceptions proposal.
410         pub exceptions: Option<bool>,
411         /// Whether or not any GC infrastructure in Wasmtime is enabled or not.
412         pub gc_support: Option<bool>,
413     }
414 
415     enum Wasm {
416         ...
417     }
418 }
419 
420 wasmtime_option_group! {
421     #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Deserialize)]
422     #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", deny_unknown_fields)]
423     pub struct WasiOptions {
424         /// Enable support for WASI CLI APIs, including filesystems, sockets, clocks, and random.
425         pub cli: Option<bool>,
426         /// Enable WASI APIs marked as: @unstable(feature = cli-exit-with-code)
427         pub cli_exit_with_code: Option<bool>,
428         /// Deprecated alias for `cli`
429         pub common: Option<bool>,
430         /// Enable support for WASI neural network imports (experimental)
431         pub nn: Option<bool>,
432         /// Enable support for WASI threading imports (experimental). Implies preview2=false.
433         pub threads: Option<bool>,
434         /// Enable support for WASI HTTP imports
435         pub http: Option<bool>,
436         /// Number of distinct write calls to the outgoing body's output-stream
437         /// that the implementation will buffer.
438         /// Default: 1.
439         pub http_outgoing_body_buffer_chunks: Option<usize>,
440         /// Maximum size allowed in a write call to the outgoing body's output-stream.
441         /// Default: 1024 * 1024.
442         pub http_outgoing_body_chunk_size: Option<usize>,
443         /// Enable support for WASI config imports (experimental)
444         pub config: Option<bool>,
445         /// Enable support for WASI key-value imports (experimental)
446         pub keyvalue: Option<bool>,
447         /// Inherit environment variables and file descriptors following the
448         /// systemd listen fd specification (UNIX only) (legacy wasip1
449         /// implementation only)
450         pub listenfd: Option<bool>,
451         /// Grant access to the given TCP listen socket (experimental, legacy
452         /// wasip1 implementation only)
453         #[serde(default)]
454         pub tcplisten: Vec<String>,
455         /// Enable support for WASI TLS (Transport Layer Security) imports (experimental)
456         pub tls: Option<bool>,
457         /// Implement WASI Preview1 using new Preview2 implementation (true, default) or legacy
458         /// implementation (false)
459         pub preview2: Option<bool>,
460         /// Pre-load machine learning graphs (i.e., models) for use by wasi-nn.
461         ///
462         /// Each use of the flag will preload a ML model from the host directory
463         /// using the given model encoding. The model will be mapped to the
464         /// directory name: e.g., `--wasi-nn-graph openvino:/foo/bar` will preload
465         /// an OpenVINO model named `bar`. Note that which model encodings are
466         /// available is dependent on the backends implemented in the
467         /// `wasmtime_wasi_nn` crate.
468         #[serde(skip)]
469         pub nn_graph: Vec<WasiNnGraph>,
470         /// Flag for WASI preview2 to inherit the host's network within the
471         /// guest so it has full access to all addresses/ports/etc.
472         pub inherit_network: Option<bool>,
473         /// Indicates whether `wasi:sockets/ip-name-lookup` is enabled or not.
474         pub allow_ip_name_lookup: Option<bool>,
475         /// Indicates whether `wasi:sockets` TCP support is enabled or not.
476         pub tcp: Option<bool>,
477         /// Indicates whether `wasi:sockets` UDP support is enabled or not.
478         pub udp: Option<bool>,
479         /// Enable WASI APIs marked as: @unstable(feature = network-error-code)
480         pub network_error_code: Option<bool>,
481         /// Allows imports from the `wasi_unstable` core wasm module.
482         pub preview0: Option<bool>,
483         /// Inherit all environment variables from the parent process.
484         ///
485         /// This option can be further overwritten with `--env` flags.
486         pub inherit_env: Option<bool>,
487         /// Pass a wasi config variable to the program.
488         #[serde(skip)]
489         pub config_var: Vec<KeyValuePair>,
490         /// Preset data for the In-Memory provider of WASI key-value API.
491         #[serde(skip)]
492         pub keyvalue_in_memory_data: Vec<KeyValuePair>,
493         /// Enable support for WASIp3 APIs.
494         pub p3: Option<bool>,
495     }
496 
497     enum Wasi {
498         ...
499     }
500 }
501 
502 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
503 pub struct WasiNnGraph {
504     pub format: String,
505     pub dir: String,
506 }
507 
508 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
509 pub struct KeyValuePair {
510     pub key: String,
511     pub value: String,
512 }
513 
514 /// Common options for commands that translate WebAssembly modules
515 #[derive(Parser, Clone, Deserialize)]
516 #[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
517 pub struct CommonOptions {
518     // These options groups are used to parse `-O` and such options but aren't
519     // the raw form consumed by the CLI. Instead they're pushed into the `pub`
520     // fields below as part of the `configure` method.
521     //
522     // Ideally clap would support `pub opts: OptimizeOptions` and parse directly
523     // into that but it does not appear to do so for multiple `-O` flags for
524     // now.
525     /// Optimization and tuning related options for wasm performance, `-O help` to
526     /// see all.
527     #[arg(short = 'O', long = "optimize", value_name = "KEY[=VAL[,..]]")]
528     #[serde(skip)]
529     opts_raw: Vec<opt::CommaSeparated<Optimize>>,
530 
531     /// Codegen-related configuration options, `-C help` to see all.
532     #[arg(short = 'C', long = "codegen", value_name = "KEY[=VAL[,..]]")]
533     #[serde(skip)]
534     codegen_raw: Vec<opt::CommaSeparated<Codegen>>,
535 
536     /// Debug-related configuration options, `-D help` to see all.
537     #[arg(short = 'D', long = "debug", value_name = "KEY[=VAL[,..]]")]
538     #[serde(skip)]
539     debug_raw: Vec<opt::CommaSeparated<Debug>>,
540 
541     /// Options for configuring semantic execution of WebAssembly, `-W help` to see
542     /// all.
543     #[arg(short = 'W', long = "wasm", value_name = "KEY[=VAL[,..]]")]
544     #[serde(skip)]
545     wasm_raw: Vec<opt::CommaSeparated<Wasm>>,
546 
547     /// Options for configuring WASI and its proposals, `-S help` to see all.
548     #[arg(short = 'S', long = "wasi", value_name = "KEY[=VAL[,..]]")]
549     #[serde(skip)]
550     wasi_raw: Vec<opt::CommaSeparated<Wasi>>,
551 
552     // These fields are filled in by the `configure` method below via the
553     // options parsed from the CLI above. This is what the CLI should use.
554     #[arg(skip)]
555     #[serde(skip)]
556     configured: bool,
557 
558     #[arg(skip)]
559     #[serde(rename = "optimize", default)]
560     pub opts: OptimizeOptions,
561 
562     #[arg(skip)]
563     #[serde(rename = "codegen", default)]
564     pub codegen: CodegenOptions,
565 
566     #[arg(skip)]
567     #[serde(rename = "debug", default)]
568     pub debug: DebugOptions,
569 
570     #[arg(skip)]
571     #[serde(rename = "wasm", default)]
572     pub wasm: WasmOptions,
573 
574     #[arg(skip)]
575     #[serde(rename = "wasi", default)]
576     pub wasi: WasiOptions,
577 
578     /// The target triple; default is the host triple
579     #[arg(long, value_name = "TARGET")]
580     #[serde(skip)]
581     pub target: Option<String>,
582 
583     /// Use the specified TOML configuration file.
584     /// This TOML configuration file can provide same configuration options as the
585     /// `--optimize`, `--codgen`, `--debug`, `--wasm`, `--wasi` CLI options, with a couple exceptions.
586     ///
587     /// Additional options specified on the command line will take precedent over options loaded from
588     /// this TOML file.
589     #[arg(long = "config", value_name = "FILE")]
590     #[serde(skip)]
591     pub config: Option<PathBuf>,
592 }
593 
594 macro_rules! match_feature {
595     (
596         [$feat:tt : $config:expr]
597         $val:ident => $e:expr,
598         $p:pat => err,
599     ) => {
600         #[cfg(feature = $feat)]
601         {
602             if let Some($val) = $config {
603                 $e;
604             }
605         }
606         #[cfg(not(feature = $feat))]
607         {
608             if let Some($p) = $config {
609                 anyhow::bail!(concat!("support for ", $feat, " disabled at compile time"));
610             }
611         }
612     };
613 }
614 
615 impl CommonOptions {
616     /// Creates a blank new set of [`CommonOptions`] that can be configured.
617     pub fn new() -> CommonOptions {
618         CommonOptions {
619             opts_raw: Vec::new(),
620             codegen_raw: Vec::new(),
621             debug_raw: Vec::new(),
622             wasm_raw: Vec::new(),
623             wasi_raw: Vec::new(),
624             configured: true,
625             opts: Default::default(),
626             codegen: Default::default(),
627             debug: Default::default(),
628             wasm: Default::default(),
629             wasi: Default::default(),
630             target: None,
631             config: None,
632         }
633     }
634 
635     fn configure(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
636         if self.configured {
637             return Ok(());
638         }
639         self.configured = true;
640         if let Some(toml_config_path) = &self.config {
641             let toml_options = CommonOptions::from_file(toml_config_path)?;
642             self.opts = toml_options.opts;
643             self.codegen = toml_options.codegen;
644             self.debug = toml_options.debug;
645             self.wasm = toml_options.wasm;
646             self.wasi = toml_options.wasi;
647         }
648         self.opts.configure_with(&self.opts_raw);
649         self.codegen.configure_with(&self.codegen_raw);
650         self.debug.configure_with(&self.debug_raw);
651         self.wasm.configure_with(&self.wasm_raw);
652         self.wasi.configure_with(&self.wasi_raw);
653         Ok(())
654     }
655 
656     pub fn init_logging(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
657         self.configure()?;
658         if self.debug.logging == Some(false) {
659             return Ok(());
660         }
661         #[cfg(feature = "logging")]
662         if self.debug.log_to_files == Some(true) {
663             let prefix = "wasmtime.dbg.";
664             init_file_per_thread_logger(prefix);
665         } else {
666             use std::io::IsTerminal;
667             use tracing_subscriber::{EnvFilter, FmtSubscriber};
668             let builder = FmtSubscriber::builder()
669                 .with_writer(std::io::stderr)
670                 .with_env_filter(EnvFilter::from_env("WASMTIME_LOG"))
671                 .with_ansi(std::io::stderr().is_terminal());
672             if std::env::var("WASMTIME_LOG_NO_CONTEXT").is_ok_and(|value| value.eq("1")) {
673                 builder
674                     .with_level(false)
675                     .with_target(false)
676                     .without_time()
677                     .init()
678             } else {
679                 builder.init();
680             }
681         }
682         #[cfg(not(feature = "logging"))]
683         if self.debug.log_to_files == Some(true) || self.debug.logging == Some(true) {
684             anyhow::bail!("support for logging disabled at compile time");
685         }
686         Ok(())
687     }
688 
689     pub fn config(&mut self, pooling_allocator_default: Option<bool>) -> Result<Config> {
690         self.configure()?;
691         let mut config = Config::new();
692 
693         match_feature! {
694             ["cranelift" : self.codegen.compiler]
695             strategy => config.strategy(strategy),
696             _ => err,
697         }
698         match_feature! {
699             ["gc" : self.codegen.collector]
700             collector => config.collector(collector),
701             _ => err,
702         }
703         if let Some(target) = &self.target {
704             config.target(target)?;
705         }
706         match_feature! {
707             ["cranelift" : self.codegen.cranelift_debug_verifier]
708             enable => config.cranelift_debug_verifier(enable),
709             true => err,
710         }
711         if let Some(enable) = self.debug.debug_info {
712             config.debug_info(enable);
713         }
714         match_feature! {
715             ["debug" : self.debug.guest_debug]
716             enable => config.guest_debug(enable),
717             _ => err,
718         }
719         if self.debug.coredump.is_some() {
720             #[cfg(feature = "coredump")]
721             config.coredump_on_trap(true);
722             #[cfg(not(feature = "coredump"))]
723             anyhow::bail!("support for coredumps disabled at compile time");
724         }
725         match_feature! {
726             ["cranelift" : self.opts.opt_level]
727             level => config.cranelift_opt_level(level),
728             _ => err,
729         }
730         match_feature! {
731             ["cranelift": self.opts.regalloc_algorithm]
732             algo => config.cranelift_regalloc_algorithm(algo),
733             _ => err,
734         }
735         match_feature! {
736             ["cranelift" : self.wasm.nan_canonicalization]
737             enable => config.cranelift_nan_canonicalization(enable),
738             true => err,
739         }
740         match_feature! {
741             ["cranelift" : self.codegen.pcc]
742             enable => config.cranelift_pcc(enable),
743             true => err,
744         }
745 
746         self.enable_wasm_features(&mut config)?;
747 
748         #[cfg(feature = "cranelift")]
749         for (name, value) in self.codegen.cranelift.iter() {
750             let name = name.replace('-', "_");
751             unsafe {
752                 match value {
753                     Some(val) => {
754                         config.cranelift_flag_set(&name, val);
755                     }
756                     None => {
757                         config.cranelift_flag_enable(&name);
758                     }
759                 }
760             }
761         }
762         #[cfg(not(feature = "cranelift"))]
763         if !self.codegen.cranelift.is_empty() {
764             anyhow::bail!("support for cranelift disabled at compile time");
765         }
766 
767         #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
768         if self.codegen.cache != Some(false) {
769             use wasmtime::Cache;
770             let cache = match &self.codegen.cache_config {
771                 Some(path) => Cache::from_file(Some(Path::new(path)))?,
772                 None => Cache::from_file(None)?,
773             };
774             config.cache(Some(cache));
775         }
776         #[cfg(not(feature = "cache"))]
777         if self.codegen.cache == Some(true) {
778             anyhow::bail!("support for caching disabled at compile time");
779         }
780 
781         match_feature! {
782             ["parallel-compilation" : self.codegen.parallel_compilation]
783             enable => config.parallel_compilation(enable),
784             true => err,
785         }
786 
787         let memory_reservation = self
788             .opts
789             .memory_reservation
790             .or(self.opts.static_memory_maximum_size);
791         if let Some(size) = memory_reservation {
792             config.memory_reservation(size);
793         }
794 
795         if let Some(enable) = self.opts.static_memory_forced {
796             config.memory_may_move(!enable);
797         }
798         if let Some(enable) = self.opts.memory_may_move {
799             config.memory_may_move(enable);
800         }
801 
802         let memory_guard_size = self
803             .opts
804             .static_memory_guard_size
805             .or(self.opts.dynamic_memory_guard_size)
806             .or(self.opts.memory_guard_size);
807         if let Some(size) = memory_guard_size {
808             config.memory_guard_size(size);
809         }
810 
811         let mem_for_growth = self
812             .opts
813             .memory_reservation_for_growth
814             .or(self.opts.dynamic_memory_reserved_for_growth);
815         if let Some(size) = mem_for_growth {
816             config.memory_reservation_for_growth(size);
817         }
818         if let Some(enable) = self.opts.guard_before_linear_memory {
819             config.guard_before_linear_memory(enable);
820         }
821         if let Some(enable) = self.opts.table_lazy_init {
822             config.table_lazy_init(enable);
823         }
824 
825         // If fuel has been configured, set the `consume fuel` flag on the config.
826         if self.wasm.fuel.is_some() {
827             config.consume_fuel(true);
828         }
829 
830         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.epoch_interruption {
831             config.epoch_interruption(enable);
832         }
833         if let Some(enable) = self.debug.address_map {
834             config.generate_address_map(enable);
835         }
836         if let Some(enable) = self.opts.memory_init_cow {
837             config.memory_init_cow(enable);
838         }
839         if let Some(size) = self.opts.memory_guaranteed_dense_image_size {
840             config.memory_guaranteed_dense_image_size(size);
841         }
842         if let Some(enable) = self.opts.signals_based_traps {
843             config.signals_based_traps(enable);
844         }
845         if let Some(enable) = self.codegen.native_unwind_info {
846             config.native_unwind_info(enable);
847         }
848         if let Some(enable) = self.codegen.inlining {
849             config.compiler_inlining(enable);
850         }
851 
852         // async_stack_size enabled by either async or stack-switching, so
853         // cannot directly use match_feature!
854         #[cfg(any(feature = "async", feature = "stack-switching"))]
855         {
856             if let Some(size) = self.wasm.async_stack_size {
857                 config.async_stack_size(size);
858             }
859         }
860         #[cfg(not(any(feature = "async", feature = "stack-switching")))]
861         {
862             if let Some(_size) = self.wasm.async_stack_size {
863                 anyhow::bail!(concat!(
864                     "support for async/stack-switching disabled at compile time"
865                 ));
866             }
867         }
868 
869         match_feature! {
870             ["pooling-allocator" : self.opts.pooling_allocator.or(pooling_allocator_default)]
871             enable => {
872                 if enable {
873                     let mut cfg = wasmtime::PoolingAllocationConfig::default();
874                     if let Some(size) = self.opts.pooling_memory_keep_resident {
875                         cfg.linear_memory_keep_resident(size);
876                     }
877                     if let Some(size) = self.opts.pooling_table_keep_resident {
878                         cfg.table_keep_resident(size);
879                     }
880                     if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_total_core_instances {
881                         cfg.total_core_instances(limit);
882                     }
883                     if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_total_component_instances {
884                         cfg.total_component_instances(limit);
885                     }
886                     if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_total_memories {
887                         cfg.total_memories(limit);
888                     }
889                     if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_total_tables {
890                         cfg.total_tables(limit);
891                     }
892                     if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_table_elements
893                         .or(self.wasm.max_table_elements)
894                     {
895                         cfg.table_elements(limit);
896                     }
897                     if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_max_core_instance_size {
898                         cfg.max_core_instance_size(limit);
899                     }
900                     match_feature! {
901                         ["async" : self.opts.pooling_total_stacks]
902                         limit => cfg.total_stacks(limit),
903                         _ => err,
904                     }
905                     if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_memory_size
906                         .or(self.wasm.max_memory_size)
907                     {
908                         cfg.max_memory_size(max);
909                     }
910                     if let Some(size) = self.opts.pooling_decommit_batch_size {
911                         cfg.decommit_batch_size(size);
912                     }
913                     if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_unused_warm_slots {
914                         cfg.max_unused_warm_slots(max);
915                     }
916                     match_feature! {
917                         ["async" : self.opts.pooling_async_stack_keep_resident]
918                         size => cfg.async_stack_keep_resident(size),
919                         _ => err,
920                     }
921                     if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_component_instance_size {
922                         cfg.max_component_instance_size(max);
923                     }
924                     if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_core_instances_per_component {
925                         cfg.max_core_instances_per_component(max);
926                     }
927                     if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_memories_per_component {
928                         cfg.max_memories_per_component(max);
929                     }
930                     if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_tables_per_component {
931                         cfg.max_tables_per_component(max);
932                     }
933                     if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_tables_per_module {
934                         cfg.max_tables_per_module(max);
935                     }
936                     if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_memories_per_module {
937                         cfg.max_memories_per_module(max);
938                     }
939                     match_feature! {
940                         ["memory-protection-keys" : self.opts.pooling_memory_protection_keys]
941                         enable => cfg.memory_protection_keys(enable),
942                         _ => err,
943                     }
944                     match_feature! {
945                         ["memory-protection-keys" : self.opts.pooling_max_memory_protection_keys]
946                         max => cfg.max_memory_protection_keys(max),
947                         _ => err,
948                     }
949                     match_feature! {
950                         ["gc" : self.opts.pooling_total_gc_heaps]
951                         max => cfg.total_gc_heaps(max),
952                         _ => err,
953                     }
954                     if let Some(enabled) = self.opts.pooling_pagemap_scan {
955                         cfg.pagemap_scan(enabled);
956                     }
957                     config.allocation_strategy(wasmtime::InstanceAllocationStrategy::Pooling(cfg));
958                 }
959             },
960             true => err,
961         }
962 
963         if self.opts.pooling_memory_protection_keys.is_some()
964             && !self.opts.pooling_allocator.unwrap_or(false)
965         {
966             anyhow::bail!("memory protection keys require the pooling allocator");
967         }
968 
969         if self.opts.pooling_max_memory_protection_keys.is_some()
970             && !self.opts.pooling_memory_protection_keys.is_some()
971         {
972             anyhow::bail!(
973                 "max memory protection keys requires memory protection keys to be enabled"
974             );
975         }
976 
977         match_feature! {
978             ["async" : self.wasm.async_stack_zeroing]
979             enable => config.async_stack_zeroing(enable),
980             _ => err,
981         }
982 
983         if let Some(max) = self.wasm.max_wasm_stack {
984             config.max_wasm_stack(max);
985 
986             // If `-Wasync-stack-size` isn't passed then automatically adjust it
987             // to the wasm stack size provided here too. That prevents the need
988             // to pass both when one can generally be inferred from the other.
989             #[cfg(any(feature = "async", feature = "stack-switching"))]
990             if self.wasm.async_stack_size.is_none() {
991                 const DEFAULT_HOST_STACK: usize = 512 << 10;
992                 config.async_stack_size(max + DEFAULT_HOST_STACK);
993             }
994         }
995 
996         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.relaxed_simd_deterministic {
997             config.relaxed_simd_deterministic(enable);
998         }
999         match_feature! {
1000             ["cranelift" : self.wasm.wmemcheck]
1001             enable => config.wmemcheck(enable),
1002             true => err,
1003         }
1004 
1005         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.gc_support {
1006             config.gc_support(enable);
1007         }
1008 
1009         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.shared_memory {
1010             config.shared_memory(enable);
1011         }
1012 
1013         Ok(config)
1014     }
1015 
1016     pub fn enable_wasm_features(&self, config: &mut Config) -> Result<()> {
1017         let all = self.wasm.all_proposals;
1018 
1019         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.simd.or(all) {
1020             config.wasm_simd(enable);
1021         }
1022         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.relaxed_simd.or(all) {
1023             config.wasm_relaxed_simd(enable);
1024         }
1025         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.bulk_memory.or(all) {
1026             config.wasm_bulk_memory(enable);
1027         }
1028         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.multi_value.or(all) {
1029             config.wasm_multi_value(enable);
1030         }
1031         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.tail_call.or(all) {
1032             config.wasm_tail_call(enable);
1033         }
1034         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.multi_memory.or(all) {
1035             config.wasm_multi_memory(enable);
1036         }
1037         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.memory64.or(all) {
1038             config.wasm_memory64(enable);
1039         }
1040         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.stack_switching {
1041             config.wasm_stack_switching(enable);
1042         }
1043         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.custom_page_sizes.or(all) {
1044             config.wasm_custom_page_sizes(enable);
1045         }
1046         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.wide_arithmetic.or(all) {
1047             config.wasm_wide_arithmetic(enable);
1048         }
1049         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.extended_const.or(all) {
1050             config.wasm_extended_const(enable);
1051         }
1052 
1053         macro_rules! handle_conditionally_compiled {
1054             ($(($feature:tt, $field:tt, $method:tt))*) => ($(
1055                 if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.$field.or(all) {
1056                     #[cfg(feature = $feature)]
1057                     config.$method(enable);
1058                     #[cfg(not(feature = $feature))]
1059                     if enable && all.is_none() {
1060                         anyhow::bail!("support for {} was disabled at compile-time", $feature);
1061                     }
1062                 }
1063             )*)
1064         }
1065 
1066         handle_conditionally_compiled! {
1067             ("component-model", component_model, wasm_component_model)
1068             ("component-model-async", component_model_async, wasm_component_model_async)
1069             ("component-model-async", component_model_async_builtins, wasm_component_model_async_builtins)
1070             ("component-model-async", component_model_async_stackful, wasm_component_model_async_stackful)
1071             ("component-model-async", component_model_threading, wasm_component_model_threading)
1072             ("component-model", component_model_error_context, wasm_component_model_error_context)
1073             ("threads", threads, wasm_threads)
1074             ("gc", gc, wasm_gc)
1075             ("gc", reference_types, wasm_reference_types)
1076             ("gc", function_references, wasm_function_references)
1077             ("gc", exceptions, wasm_exceptions)
1078             ("stack-switching", stack_switching, wasm_stack_switching)
1079         }
1080 
1081         if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.component_model_gc {
1082             #[cfg(all(feature = "component-model", feature = "gc"))]
1083             config.wasm_component_model_gc(enable);
1084             #[cfg(not(all(feature = "component-model", feature = "gc")))]
1085             if enable && all.is_none() {
1086                 anyhow::bail!("support for `component-model-gc` was disabled at compile time")
1087             }
1088         }
1089 
1090         Ok(())
1091     }
1092 
1093     pub fn from_file<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<Self> {
1094         let path_ref = path.as_ref();
1095         let file_contents = fs::read_to_string(path_ref)
1096             .with_context(|| format!("failed to read config file: {path_ref:?}"))?;
1097         toml::from_str::<CommonOptions>(&file_contents)
1098             .with_context(|| format!("failed to parse TOML config file {path_ref:?}"))
1099     }
1100 }
1101 
1102 #[cfg(test)]
1103 mod tests {
1104     use wasmtime::{OptLevel, RegallocAlgorithm};
1105 
1106     use super::*;
1107 
1108     #[test]
1109     fn from_toml() {
1110         // empty toml
1111         let empty_toml = "";
1112         let mut common_options: CommonOptions = toml::from_str(empty_toml).unwrap();
1113         common_options.config(None).unwrap();
1114 
1115         // basic toml
1116         let basic_toml = r#"
1117             [optimize]
1118             [codegen]
1119             [debug]
1120             [wasm]
1121             [wasi]
1122         "#;
1123         let mut common_options: CommonOptions = toml::from_str(basic_toml).unwrap();
1124         common_options.config(None).unwrap();
1125 
1126         // toml with custom deserialization to match CLI flag parsing
1127         for (opt_value, expected) in [
1128             ("0", Some(OptLevel::None)),
1129             ("1", Some(OptLevel::Speed)),
1130             ("2", Some(OptLevel::Speed)),
1131             ("\"s\"", Some(OptLevel::SpeedAndSize)),
1132             ("\"hello\"", None), // should fail
1133             ("3", None),         // should fail
1134         ] {
1135             let toml = format!(
1136                 r#"
1137                     [optimize]
1138                     opt-level = {opt_value}
1139                 "#,
1140             );
1141             let parsed_opt_level = toml::from_str::<CommonOptions>(&toml)
1142                 .ok()
1143                 .and_then(|common_options| common_options.opts.opt_level);
1144 
1145             assert_eq!(
1146                 parsed_opt_level, expected,
1147                 "Mismatch for input '{opt_value}'. Parsed: {parsed_opt_level:?}, Expected: {expected:?}"
1148             );
1149         }
1150 
1151         // Regalloc algorithm
1152         for (regalloc_value, expected) in [
1153             ("\"backtracking\"", Some(RegallocAlgorithm::Backtracking)),
1154             ("\"single-pass\"", Some(RegallocAlgorithm::SinglePass)),
1155             ("\"hello\"", None), // should fail
1156             ("3", None),         // should fail
1157             ("true", None),      // should fail
1158         ] {
1159             let toml = format!(
1160                 r#"
1161                     [optimize]
1162                     regalloc-algorithm = {regalloc_value}
1163                 "#,
1164             );
1165             let parsed_regalloc_algorithm = toml::from_str::<CommonOptions>(&toml)
1166                 .ok()
1167                 .and_then(|common_options| common_options.opts.regalloc_algorithm);
1168             assert_eq!(
1169                 parsed_regalloc_algorithm, expected,
1170                 "Mismatch for input '{regalloc_value}'. Parsed: {parsed_regalloc_algorithm:?}, Expected: {expected:?}"
1171             );
1172         }
1173 
1174         // Strategy
1175         for (strategy_value, expected) in [
1176             ("\"cranelift\"", Some(wasmtime::Strategy::Cranelift)),
1177             ("\"winch\"", Some(wasmtime::Strategy::Winch)),
1178             ("\"hello\"", None), // should fail
1179             ("5", None),         // should fail
1180             ("true", None),      // should fail
1181         ] {
1182             let toml = format!(
1183                 r#"
1184                     [codegen]
1185                     compiler = {strategy_value}
1186                 "#,
1187             );
1188             let parsed_strategy = toml::from_str::<CommonOptions>(&toml)
1189                 .ok()
1190                 .and_then(|common_options| common_options.codegen.compiler);
1191             assert_eq!(
1192                 parsed_strategy, expected,
1193                 "Mismatch for input '{strategy_value}'. Parsed: {parsed_strategy:?}, Expected: {expected:?}",
1194             );
1195         }
1196 
1197         // Collector
1198         for (collector_value, expected) in [
1199             (
1200                 "\"drc\"",
1201                 Some(wasmtime::Collector::DeferredReferenceCounting),
1202             ),
1203             ("\"null\"", Some(wasmtime::Collector::Null)),
1204             ("\"hello\"", None), // should fail
1205             ("5", None),         // should fail
1206             ("true", None),      // should fail
1207         ] {
1208             let toml = format!(
1209                 r#"
1210                     [codegen]
1211                     collector = {collector_value}
1212                 "#,
1213             );
1214             let parsed_collector = toml::from_str::<CommonOptions>(&toml)
1215                 .ok()
1216                 .and_then(|common_options| common_options.codegen.collector);
1217             assert_eq!(
1218                 parsed_collector, expected,
1219                 "Mismatch for input '{collector_value}'. Parsed: {parsed_collector:?}, Expected: {expected:?}",
1220             );
1221         }
1222     }
1223 }
1224 
1225 impl Default for CommonOptions {
1226     fn default() -> CommonOptions {
1227         CommonOptions::new()
1228     }
1229 }
1230 
1231 impl fmt::Display for CommonOptions {
1232     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
1233         let CommonOptions {
1234             codegen_raw,
1235             codegen,
1236             debug_raw,
1237             debug,
1238             opts_raw,
1239             opts,
1240             wasm_raw,
1241             wasm,
1242             wasi_raw,
1243             wasi,
1244             configured,
1245             target,
1246             config,
1247         } = self;
1248         if let Some(target) = target {
1249             write!(f, "--target {target} ")?;
1250         }
1251         if let Some(config) = config {
1252             write!(f, "--config {} ", config.display())?;
1253         }
1254 
1255         let codegen_flags;
1256         let opts_flags;
1257         let wasi_flags;
1258         let wasm_flags;
1259         let debug_flags;
1260 
1261         if *configured {
1262             codegen_flags = codegen.to_options();
1263             debug_flags = debug.to_options();
1264             wasi_flags = wasi.to_options();
1265             wasm_flags = wasm.to_options();
1266             opts_flags = opts.to_options();
1267         } else {
1268             codegen_flags = codegen_raw
1269                 .iter()
1270                 .flat_map(|t| t.0.iter())
1271                 .cloned()
1272                 .collect();
1273             debug_flags = debug_raw.iter().flat_map(|t| t.0.iter()).cloned().collect();
1274             wasi_flags = wasi_raw.iter().flat_map(|t| t.0.iter()).cloned().collect();
1275             wasm_flags = wasm_raw.iter().flat_map(|t| t.0.iter()).cloned().collect();
1276             opts_flags = opts_raw.iter().flat_map(|t| t.0.iter()).cloned().collect();
1277         }
1278 
1279         for flag in codegen_flags {
1280             write!(f, "-C{flag} ")?;
1281         }
1282         for flag in opts_flags {
1283             write!(f, "-O{flag} ")?;
1284         }
1285         for flag in wasi_flags {
1286             write!(f, "-S{flag} ")?;
1287         }
1288         for flag in wasm_flags {
1289             write!(f, "-W{flag} ")?;
1290         }
1291         for flag in debug_flags {
1292             write!(f, "-D{flag} ")?;
1293         }
1294 
1295         Ok(())
1296     }
1297 }
1298