xref: /vim-8.2.3635/src/vim9compile.c (revision 2d2970ea)
1 /* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
2  *
3  * VIM - Vi IMproved	by Bram Moolenaar
4  *
5  * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
6  * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
7  * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
8  */
9 
10 /*
11  * vim9compile.c: :def and dealing with instructions
12  */
13 
14 #define USING_FLOAT_STUFF
15 #include "vim.h"
16 
17 #if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)
18 
19 #ifdef VMS
20 # include <float.h>
21 #endif
22 
23 #define DEFINE_VIM9_GLOBALS
24 #include "vim9.h"
25 
26 /*
27  * Chain of jump instructions where the end label needs to be set.
28  */
29 typedef struct endlabel_S endlabel_T;
30 struct endlabel_S {
31     endlabel_T	*el_next;	    // chain end_label locations
32     int		el_end_label;	    // instruction idx where to set end
33 };
34 
35 /*
36  * info specific for the scope of :if / elseif / else
37  */
38 typedef struct {
39     int		is_if_label;	    // instruction idx at IF or ELSEIF
40     endlabel_T	*is_end_label;	    // instructions to set end label
41 } ifscope_T;
42 
43 /*
44  * info specific for the scope of :while
45  */
46 typedef struct {
47     int		ws_top_label;	    // instruction idx at WHILE
48     endlabel_T	*ws_end_label;	    // instructions to set end
49 } whilescope_T;
50 
51 /*
52  * info specific for the scope of :for
53  */
54 typedef struct {
55     int		fs_top_label;	    // instruction idx at FOR
56     endlabel_T	*fs_end_label;	    // break instructions
57 } forscope_T;
58 
59 /*
60  * info specific for the scope of :try
61  */
62 typedef struct {
63     int		ts_try_label;	    // instruction idx at TRY
64     endlabel_T	*ts_end_label;	    // jump to :finally or :endtry
65     int		ts_catch_label;	    // instruction idx of last CATCH
66     int		ts_caught_all;	    // "catch" without argument encountered
67 } tryscope_T;
68 
69 typedef enum {
70     NO_SCOPE,
71     IF_SCOPE,
72     WHILE_SCOPE,
73     FOR_SCOPE,
74     TRY_SCOPE,
75     BLOCK_SCOPE
76 } scopetype_T;
77 
78 /*
79  * Info for one scope, pointed to by "ctx_scope".
80  */
81 typedef struct scope_S scope_T;
82 struct scope_S {
83     scope_T	*se_outer;	    // scope containing this one
84     scopetype_T se_type;
85     int		se_local_count;	    // ctx_locals.ga_len before scope
86     union {
87 	ifscope_T	se_if;
88 	whilescope_T	se_while;
89 	forscope_T	se_for;
90 	tryscope_T	se_try;
91     } se_u;
92 };
93 
94 /*
95  * Entry for "ctx_locals".  Used for arguments and local variables.
96  */
97 typedef struct {
98     char_u	*lv_name;
99     type_T	*lv_type;
100     int		lv_idx;		// index of the variable on the stack
101     int		lv_from_outer;	// when TRUE using ctx_outer scope
102     int		lv_const;	// when TRUE cannot be assigned to
103     int		lv_arg;		// when TRUE this is an argument
104 } lvar_T;
105 
106 /*
107  * Context for compiling lines of Vim script.
108  * Stores info about the local variables and condition stack.
109  */
110 struct cctx_S {
111     ufunc_T	*ctx_ufunc;	    // current function
112     int		ctx_lnum;	    // line number in current function
113     char_u	*ctx_line_start;    // start of current line or NULL
114     garray_T	ctx_instr;	    // generated instructions
115 
116     garray_T	ctx_locals;	    // currently visible local variables
117     int		ctx_locals_count;   // total number of local variables
118 
119     int		ctx_closure_count;  // number of closures created in the
120 				    // function
121 
122     garray_T	ctx_imports;	    // imported items
123 
124     int		ctx_skip;	    // when TRUE skip commands, when FALSE skip
125 				    // commands after "else"
126     scope_T	*ctx_scope;	    // current scope, NULL at toplevel
127 
128     cctx_T	*ctx_outer;	    // outer scope for lambda or nested
129 				    // function
130     int		ctx_outer_used;	    // var in ctx_outer was used
131 
132     garray_T	ctx_type_stack;	    // type of each item on the stack
133     garray_T	*ctx_type_list;	    // list of pointers to allocated types
134 };
135 
136 static char e_var_notfound[] = N_("E1001: variable not found: %s");
137 static char e_syntax_at[] = N_("E1002: Syntax error at %s");
138 static char e_used_as_arg[] = N_("E1006: %s is used as an argument");
139 
140 static void delete_def_function_contents(dfunc_T *dfunc);
141 static void arg_type_mismatch(type_T *expected, type_T *actual, int argidx);
142 static int check_type(type_T *expected, type_T *actual, int give_msg);
143 
144 /*
145  * Lookup variable "name" in the local scope and return it.
146  * Return NULL if not found.
147  */
148     static lvar_T *
149 lookup_local(char_u *name, size_t len, cctx_T *cctx)
150 {
151     int	    idx;
152     lvar_T  *lvar;
153 
154     if (len == 0)
155 	return NULL;
156 
157     // Find local in current function scope.
158     for (idx = 0; idx < cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len; ++idx)
159     {
160 	lvar = ((lvar_T *)cctx->ctx_locals.ga_data) + idx;
161 	if (STRNCMP(name, lvar->lv_name, len) == 0
162 					       && STRLEN(lvar->lv_name) == len)
163 	{
164 	    lvar->lv_from_outer = FALSE;
165 	    return lvar;
166 	}
167     }
168 
169     // Find local in outer function scope.
170     if (cctx->ctx_outer != NULL)
171     {
172 	lvar = lookup_local(name, len, cctx->ctx_outer);
173 	if (lvar != NULL)
174 	{
175 	    // TODO: are there situations we should not mark the outer scope as
176 	    // used?
177 	    cctx->ctx_outer_used = TRUE;
178 	    lvar->lv_from_outer = TRUE;
179 	    return lvar;
180 	}
181     }
182 
183     return NULL;
184 }
185 
186 /*
187  * Lookup an argument in the current function and an enclosing function.
188  * Returns the argument index in "idxp"
189  * Returns the argument type in "type"
190  * Sets "gen_load_outer" to TRUE if found in outer scope.
191  * Returns OK when found, FAIL otherwise.
192  */
193     static int
194 lookup_arg(
195 	char_u	*name,
196 	size_t	len,
197 	int	*idxp,
198 	type_T	**type,
199 	int	*gen_load_outer,
200 	cctx_T	*cctx)
201 {
202     int	    idx;
203     char_u  *va_name;
204 
205     if (len == 0)
206 	return FAIL;
207     for (idx = 0; idx < cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_args.ga_len; ++idx)
208     {
209 	char_u *arg = FUNCARG(cctx->ctx_ufunc, idx);
210 
211 	if (STRNCMP(name, arg, len) == 0 && arg[len] == NUL)
212 	{
213 	    if (idxp != NULL)
214 	    {
215 		// Arguments are located above the frame pointer.  One further
216 		// if there is a vararg argument
217 		*idxp = idx - (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_args.ga_len
218 							    + STACK_FRAME_SIZE)
219 			      + (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_va_name != NULL ? -1 : 0);
220 
221 		if (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_arg_types != NULL)
222 		    *type = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_arg_types[idx];
223 		else
224 		    *type = &t_any;
225 	    }
226 	    return OK;
227 	}
228     }
229 
230     va_name = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_va_name;
231     if (va_name != NULL
232 		    && STRNCMP(name, va_name, len) == 0 && va_name[len] == NUL)
233     {
234 	if (idxp != NULL)
235 	{
236 	    // varargs is always the last argument
237 	    *idxp = -STACK_FRAME_SIZE - 1;
238 	    *type = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_va_type;
239 	}
240 	return OK;
241     }
242 
243     if (cctx->ctx_outer != NULL)
244     {
245 	// Lookup the name for an argument of the outer function.
246 	if (lookup_arg(name, len, idxp, type, gen_load_outer, cctx->ctx_outer)
247 									 == OK)
248 	{
249 	    *gen_load_outer = TRUE;
250 	    return OK;
251 	}
252     }
253 
254     return FAIL;
255 }
256 
257 /*
258  * Lookup a variable in the current script.
259  * Returns OK or FAIL.
260  */
261     static int
262 lookup_script(char_u *name, size_t len)
263 {
264     int		    cc;
265     hashtab_T	    *ht = &SCRIPT_VARS(current_sctx.sc_sid);
266     dictitem_T	    *di;
267 
268     cc = name[len];
269     name[len] = NUL;
270     di = find_var_in_ht(ht, 0, name, TRUE);
271     name[len] = cc;
272     return di == NULL ? FAIL: OK;
273 }
274 
275 /*
276  * Check if "p[len]" is already defined, either in script "import_sid" or in
277  * compilation context "cctx".
278  * Return FAIL and give an error if it defined.
279  */
280     int
281 check_defined(char_u *p, int len, cctx_T *cctx)
282 {
283     if (lookup_script(p, len) == OK
284 	    || (cctx != NULL
285 		&& (lookup_local(p, len, cctx) != NULL
286 		    || find_imported(p, len, cctx) != NULL)))
287     {
288 	semsg("E1073: imported name already defined: %s", p);
289 	return FAIL;
290     }
291     return OK;
292 }
293 
294 /*
295  * Allocate memory for a type_T and add the pointer to type_gap, so that it can
296  * be freed later.
297  */
298     static type_T *
299 alloc_type(garray_T *type_gap)
300 {
301     type_T *type;
302 
303     if (ga_grow(type_gap, 1) == FAIL)
304 	return NULL;
305     type = ALLOC_CLEAR_ONE(type_T);
306     if (type != NULL)
307     {
308 	((type_T **)type_gap->ga_data)[type_gap->ga_len] = type;
309 	++type_gap->ga_len;
310     }
311     return type;
312 }
313 
314     static type_T *
315 get_list_type(type_T *member_type, garray_T *type_gap)
316 {
317     type_T *type;
318 
319     // recognize commonly used types
320     if (member_type->tt_type == VAR_ANY)
321 	return &t_list_any;
322     if (member_type->tt_type == VAR_VOID
323 	    || member_type->tt_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
324 	return &t_list_empty;
325     if (member_type->tt_type == VAR_BOOL)
326 	return &t_list_bool;
327     if (member_type->tt_type == VAR_NUMBER)
328 	return &t_list_number;
329     if (member_type->tt_type == VAR_STRING)
330 	return &t_list_string;
331 
332     // Not a common type, create a new entry.
333     type = alloc_type(type_gap);
334     if (type == NULL)
335 	return &t_any;
336     type->tt_type = VAR_LIST;
337     type->tt_member = member_type;
338     type->tt_argcount = 0;
339     type->tt_args = NULL;
340     return type;
341 }
342 
343     static type_T *
344 get_dict_type(type_T *member_type, garray_T *type_gap)
345 {
346     type_T *type;
347 
348     // recognize commonly used types
349     if (member_type->tt_type == VAR_ANY)
350 	return &t_dict_any;
351     if (member_type->tt_type == VAR_VOID
352 	    || member_type->tt_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
353 	return &t_dict_empty;
354     if (member_type->tt_type == VAR_BOOL)
355 	return &t_dict_bool;
356     if (member_type->tt_type == VAR_NUMBER)
357 	return &t_dict_number;
358     if (member_type->tt_type == VAR_STRING)
359 	return &t_dict_string;
360 
361     // Not a common type, create a new entry.
362     type = alloc_type(type_gap);
363     if (type == NULL)
364 	return &t_any;
365     type->tt_type = VAR_DICT;
366     type->tt_member = member_type;
367     type->tt_argcount = 0;
368     type->tt_args = NULL;
369     return type;
370 }
371 
372 /*
373  * Allocate a new type for a function.
374  */
375     static type_T *
376 alloc_func_type(type_T *ret_type, int argcount, garray_T *type_gap)
377 {
378     type_T *type = alloc_type(type_gap);
379 
380     if (type == NULL)
381 	return &t_any;
382     type->tt_type = VAR_FUNC;
383     type->tt_member = ret_type;
384     type->tt_argcount = argcount;
385     type->tt_args = NULL;
386     return type;
387 }
388 
389 /*
390  * Get a function type, based on the return type "ret_type".
391  * If "argcount" is -1 or 0 a predefined type can be used.
392  * If "argcount" > 0 always create a new type, so that arguments can be added.
393  */
394     static type_T *
395 get_func_type(type_T *ret_type, int argcount, garray_T *type_gap)
396 {
397     // recognize commonly used types
398     if (argcount <= 0)
399     {
400 	if (ret_type == &t_unknown)
401 	{
402 	    // (argcount == 0) is not possible
403 	    return &t_func_unknown;
404 	}
405 	if (ret_type == &t_void)
406 	{
407 	    if (argcount == 0)
408 		return &t_func_0_void;
409 	    else
410 		return &t_func_void;
411 	}
412 	if (ret_type == &t_any)
413 	{
414 	    if (argcount == 0)
415 		return &t_func_0_any;
416 	    else
417 		return &t_func_any;
418 	}
419 	if (ret_type == &t_number)
420 	{
421 	    if (argcount == 0)
422 		return &t_func_0_number;
423 	    else
424 		return &t_func_number;
425 	}
426 	if (ret_type == &t_string)
427 	{
428 	    if (argcount == 0)
429 		return &t_func_0_string;
430 	    else
431 		return &t_func_string;
432 	}
433     }
434 
435     return alloc_func_type(ret_type, argcount, type_gap);
436 }
437 
438 /*
439  * For a function type, reserve space for "argcount" argument types (including
440  * vararg).
441  */
442     static int
443 func_type_add_arg_types(
444 	type_T	    *functype,
445 	int	    argcount,
446 	garray_T    *type_gap)
447 {
448     // To make it easy to free the space needed for the argument types, add the
449     // pointer to type_gap.
450     if (ga_grow(type_gap, 1) == FAIL)
451 	return FAIL;
452     functype->tt_args = ALLOC_CLEAR_MULT(type_T *, argcount);
453     if (functype->tt_args == NULL)
454 	return FAIL;
455     ((type_T **)type_gap->ga_data)[type_gap->ga_len] =
456 						     (void *)functype->tt_args;
457     ++type_gap->ga_len;
458     return OK;
459 }
460 
461 /*
462  * Return the type_T for a typval.  Only for primitive types.
463  */
464     static type_T *
465 typval2type(typval_T *tv)
466 {
467     if (tv->v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
468 	return &t_number;
469     if (tv->v_type == VAR_BOOL)
470 	return &t_bool;  // not used
471     if (tv->v_type == VAR_STRING)
472 	return &t_string;
473     if (tv->v_type == VAR_LIST)  // e.g. for v:oldfiles
474 	return &t_list_string;
475     if (tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)  // e.g. for v:completed_item
476 	return &t_dict_any;
477     return &t_any;  // not used
478 }
479 
480     static void
481 type_mismatch(type_T *expected, type_T *actual)
482 {
483     char *tofree1, *tofree2;
484 
485     semsg(_("E1013: type mismatch, expected %s but got %s"),
486 		   type_name(expected, &tofree1), type_name(actual, &tofree2));
487     vim_free(tofree1);
488     vim_free(tofree2);
489 }
490 
491     static void
492 arg_type_mismatch(type_T *expected, type_T *actual, int argidx)
493 {
494     char *tofree1, *tofree2;
495 
496     semsg(_("E1013: argument %d: type mismatch, expected %s but got %s"),
497 	    argidx,
498 	    type_name(expected, &tofree1), type_name(actual, &tofree2));
499     vim_free(tofree1);
500     vim_free(tofree2);
501 }
502 
503 /*
504  * Check if the expected and actual types match.
505  * Does not allow for assigning "any" to a specific type.
506  */
507     static int
508 check_type(type_T *expected, type_T *actual, int give_msg)
509 {
510     int ret = OK;
511 
512     // When expected is "unknown" we accept any actual type.
513     // When expected is "any" we accept any actual type except "void".
514     if (expected->tt_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
515 	    && !(expected->tt_type == VAR_ANY && actual->tt_type != VAR_VOID))
516 
517     {
518 	if (expected->tt_type != actual->tt_type)
519 	{
520 	    if (give_msg)
521 		type_mismatch(expected, actual);
522 	    return FAIL;
523 	}
524 	if (expected->tt_type == VAR_DICT || expected->tt_type == VAR_LIST)
525 	{
526 	    // "unknown" is used for an empty list or dict
527 	    if (actual->tt_member != &t_unknown)
528 		ret = check_type(expected->tt_member, actual->tt_member, FALSE);
529 	}
530 	else if (expected->tt_type == VAR_FUNC)
531 	{
532 	    if (expected->tt_member != &t_unknown)
533 		ret = check_type(expected->tt_member, actual->tt_member, FALSE);
534 	    if (ret == OK && expected->tt_argcount != -1
535 		    && (actual->tt_argcount < expected->tt_min_argcount
536 			|| actual->tt_argcount > expected->tt_argcount))
537 		    ret = FAIL;
538 	}
539 	if (ret == FAIL && give_msg)
540 	    type_mismatch(expected, actual);
541     }
542     return ret;
543 }
544 
545 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
546 // Following generate_ functions expect the caller to call ga_grow().
547 
548 #define RETURN_NULL_IF_SKIP(cctx) if (cctx->ctx_skip == TRUE) return NULL
549 #define RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx) if (cctx->ctx_skip == TRUE) return OK
550 
551 /*
552  * Generate an instruction without arguments.
553  * Returns a pointer to the new instruction, NULL if failed.
554  */
555     static isn_T *
556 generate_instr(cctx_T *cctx, isntype_T isn_type)
557 {
558     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
559     isn_T	*isn;
560 
561     RETURN_NULL_IF_SKIP(cctx);
562     if (ga_grow(instr, 1) == FAIL)
563 	return NULL;
564     isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + instr->ga_len;
565     isn->isn_type = isn_type;
566     isn->isn_lnum = cctx->ctx_lnum + 1;
567     ++instr->ga_len;
568 
569     return isn;
570 }
571 
572 /*
573  * Generate an instruction without arguments.
574  * "drop" will be removed from the stack.
575  * Returns a pointer to the new instruction, NULL if failed.
576  */
577     static isn_T *
578 generate_instr_drop(cctx_T *cctx, isntype_T isn_type, int drop)
579 {
580     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
581 
582     RETURN_NULL_IF_SKIP(cctx);
583     stack->ga_len -= drop;
584     return generate_instr(cctx, isn_type);
585 }
586 
587 /*
588  * Generate instruction "isn_type" and put "type" on the type stack.
589  */
590     static isn_T *
591 generate_instr_type(cctx_T *cctx, isntype_T isn_type, type_T *type)
592 {
593     isn_T	*isn;
594     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
595 
596     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, isn_type)) == NULL)
597 	return NULL;
598 
599     if (ga_grow(stack, 1) == FAIL)
600 	return NULL;
601     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len] = type;
602     ++stack->ga_len;
603 
604     return isn;
605 }
606 
607 /*
608  * If type at "offset" isn't already VAR_STRING then generate ISN_2STRING.
609  */
610     static int
611 may_generate_2STRING(int offset, cctx_T *cctx)
612 {
613     isn_T	*isn;
614     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
615     type_T	**type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data) + stack->ga_len + offset;
616 
617     if ((*type)->tt_type == VAR_STRING)
618 	return OK;
619     *type = &t_string;
620 
621     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_2STRING)) == NULL)
622 	return FAIL;
623     isn->isn_arg.number = offset;
624 
625     return OK;
626 }
627 
628     static int
629 check_number_or_float(vartype_T type1, vartype_T type2, char_u *op)
630 {
631     if (!((type1 == VAR_NUMBER || type1 == VAR_FLOAT || type1 == VAR_ANY)
632 	    && (type2 == VAR_NUMBER || type2 == VAR_FLOAT
633 							 || type2 == VAR_ANY)))
634     {
635 	if (*op == '+')
636 	    emsg(_("E1035: wrong argument type for +"));
637 	else
638 	    semsg(_("E1036: %c requires number or float arguments"), *op);
639 	return FAIL;
640     }
641     return OK;
642 }
643 
644 /*
645  * Generate an instruction with two arguments.  The instruction depends on the
646  * type of the arguments.
647  */
648     static int
649 generate_two_op(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *op)
650 {
651     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
652     type_T	*type1;
653     type_T	*type2;
654     vartype_T	vartype;
655     isn_T	*isn;
656 
657     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
658 
659     // Get the known type of the two items on the stack.  If they are matching
660     // use a type-specific instruction. Otherwise fall back to runtime type
661     // checking.
662     type1 = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 2];
663     type2 = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
664     vartype = VAR_ANY;
665     if (type1->tt_type == type2->tt_type
666 	    && (type1->tt_type == VAR_NUMBER
667 		|| type1->tt_type == VAR_LIST
668 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
669 		|| type1->tt_type == VAR_FLOAT
670 #endif
671 		|| type1->tt_type == VAR_BLOB))
672 	vartype = type1->tt_type;
673 
674     switch (*op)
675     {
676 	case '+': if (vartype != VAR_LIST && vartype != VAR_BLOB
677 			  && type1->tt_type != VAR_ANY
678 			  && type2->tt_type != VAR_ANY
679 			  && check_number_or_float(
680 				   type1->tt_type, type2->tt_type, op) == FAIL)
681 		      return FAIL;
682 		  isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx,
683 			    vartype == VAR_NUMBER ? ISN_OPNR
684 			  : vartype == VAR_LIST ? ISN_ADDLIST
685 			  : vartype == VAR_BLOB ? ISN_ADDBLOB
686 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
687 			  : vartype == VAR_FLOAT ? ISN_OPFLOAT
688 #endif
689 			  : ISN_OPANY, 1);
690 		  if (isn != NULL)
691 		      isn->isn_arg.op.op_type = EXPR_ADD;
692 		  break;
693 
694 	case '-':
695 	case '*':
696 	case '/': if (check_number_or_float(type1->tt_type, type2->tt_type,
697 								   op) == FAIL)
698 		      return FAIL;
699 		  if (vartype == VAR_NUMBER)
700 		      isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_OPNR, 1);
701 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
702 		  else if (vartype == VAR_FLOAT)
703 		      isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_OPFLOAT, 1);
704 #endif
705 		  else
706 		      isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_OPANY, 1);
707 		  if (isn != NULL)
708 		      isn->isn_arg.op.op_type = *op == '*'
709 				 ? EXPR_MULT : *op == '/'? EXPR_DIV : EXPR_SUB;
710 		  break;
711 
712 	case '%': if ((type1->tt_type != VAR_ANY
713 					       && type1->tt_type != VAR_NUMBER)
714 			  || (type2->tt_type != VAR_ANY
715 					      && type2->tt_type != VAR_NUMBER))
716 		  {
717 		      emsg(_("E1035: % requires number arguments"));
718 		      return FAIL;
719 		  }
720 		  isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx,
721 			      vartype == VAR_NUMBER ? ISN_OPNR : ISN_OPANY, 1);
722 		  if (isn != NULL)
723 		      isn->isn_arg.op.op_type = EXPR_REM;
724 		  break;
725     }
726 
727     // correct type of result
728     if (vartype == VAR_ANY)
729     {
730 	type_T *type = &t_any;
731 
732 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
733 	// float+number and number+float results in float
734 	if ((type1->tt_type == VAR_NUMBER || type1->tt_type == VAR_FLOAT)
735 		&& (type2->tt_type == VAR_NUMBER || type2->tt_type == VAR_FLOAT))
736 	    type = &t_float;
737 #endif
738 	((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1] = type;
739     }
740 
741     return OK;
742 }
743 
744 /*
745  * Get the instruction to use for comparing "type1" with "type2"
746  * Return ISN_DROP when failed.
747  */
748     static isntype_T
749 get_compare_isn(exptype_T exptype, vartype_T type1, vartype_T type2)
750 {
751     isntype_T	isntype = ISN_DROP;
752 
753     if (type1 == VAR_UNKNOWN)
754 	type1 = VAR_ANY;
755     if (type2 == VAR_UNKNOWN)
756 	type2 = VAR_ANY;
757 
758     if (type1 == type2)
759     {
760 	switch (type1)
761 	{
762 	    case VAR_BOOL: isntype = ISN_COMPAREBOOL; break;
763 	    case VAR_SPECIAL: isntype = ISN_COMPARESPECIAL; break;
764 	    case VAR_NUMBER: isntype = ISN_COMPARENR; break;
765 	    case VAR_FLOAT: isntype = ISN_COMPAREFLOAT; break;
766 	    case VAR_STRING: isntype = ISN_COMPARESTRING; break;
767 	    case VAR_BLOB: isntype = ISN_COMPAREBLOB; break;
768 	    case VAR_LIST: isntype = ISN_COMPARELIST; break;
769 	    case VAR_DICT: isntype = ISN_COMPAREDICT; break;
770 	    case VAR_FUNC: isntype = ISN_COMPAREFUNC; break;
771 	    default: isntype = ISN_COMPAREANY; break;
772 	}
773     }
774     else if (type1 == VAR_ANY || type2 == VAR_ANY
775 	    || ((type1 == VAR_NUMBER || type1 == VAR_FLOAT)
776 	      && (type2 == VAR_NUMBER || type2 ==VAR_FLOAT)))
777 	isntype = ISN_COMPAREANY;
778 
779     if ((exptype == EXPR_IS || exptype == EXPR_ISNOT)
780 	    && (isntype == ISN_COMPAREBOOL
781 	    || isntype == ISN_COMPARESPECIAL
782 	    || isntype == ISN_COMPARENR
783 	    || isntype == ISN_COMPAREFLOAT))
784     {
785 	semsg(_("E1037: Cannot use \"%s\" with %s"),
786 		exptype == EXPR_IS ? "is" : "isnot" , vartype_name(type1));
787 	return ISN_DROP;
788     }
789     if (isntype == ISN_DROP
790 	    || ((exptype != EXPR_EQUAL && exptype != EXPR_NEQUAL
791 		    && (type1 == VAR_BOOL || type1 == VAR_SPECIAL
792 		       || type2 == VAR_BOOL || type2 == VAR_SPECIAL)))
793 	    || ((exptype != EXPR_EQUAL && exptype != EXPR_NEQUAL
794 				 && exptype != EXPR_IS && exptype != EXPR_ISNOT
795 		    && (type1 == VAR_BLOB || type2 == VAR_BLOB
796 			|| type1 == VAR_LIST || type2 == VAR_LIST))))
797     {
798 	semsg(_("E1072: Cannot compare %s with %s"),
799 		vartype_name(type1), vartype_name(type2));
800 	return ISN_DROP;
801     }
802     return isntype;
803 }
804 
805 /*
806  * Generate an ISN_COMPARE* instruction with a boolean result.
807  */
808     static int
809 generate_COMPARE(cctx_T *cctx, exptype_T exptype, int ic)
810 {
811     isntype_T	isntype;
812     isn_T	*isn;
813     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
814     vartype_T	type1;
815     vartype_T	type2;
816 
817     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
818 
819     // Get the known type of the two items on the stack.  If they are matching
820     // use a type-specific instruction. Otherwise fall back to runtime type
821     // checking.
822     type1 = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 2]->tt_type;
823     type2 = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1]->tt_type;
824     isntype = get_compare_isn(exptype, type1, type2);
825     if (isntype == ISN_DROP)
826 	return FAIL;
827 
828     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, isntype)) == NULL)
829 	return FAIL;
830     isn->isn_arg.op.op_type = exptype;
831     isn->isn_arg.op.op_ic = ic;
832 
833     // takes two arguments, puts one bool back
834     if (stack->ga_len >= 2)
835     {
836 	--stack->ga_len;
837 	((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1] = &t_bool;
838     }
839 
840     return OK;
841 }
842 
843 /*
844  * Generate an ISN_2BOOL instruction.
845  */
846     static int
847 generate_2BOOL(cctx_T *cctx, int invert)
848 {
849     isn_T	*isn;
850     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
851 
852     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
853     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_2BOOL)) == NULL)
854 	return FAIL;
855     isn->isn_arg.number = invert;
856 
857     // type becomes bool
858     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1] = &t_bool;
859 
860     return OK;
861 }
862 
863     static int
864 generate_TYPECHECK(cctx_T *cctx, type_T *vartype, int offset)
865 {
866     isn_T	*isn;
867     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
868 
869     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
870     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_CHECKTYPE)) == NULL)
871 	return FAIL;
872     // TODO: whole type, e.g. for a function also arg and return types
873     isn->isn_arg.type.ct_type = vartype->tt_type;
874     isn->isn_arg.type.ct_off = offset;
875 
876     // type becomes vartype
877     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len + offset] = vartype;
878 
879     return OK;
880 }
881 
882 /*
883  * Check that
884  * - "actual" is "expected" type or
885  * - "actual" is a type that can be "expected" type: add a runtime check; or
886  * - return FAIL.
887  */
888     static int
889 need_type(type_T *actual, type_T *expected, int offset, cctx_T *cctx)
890 {
891     if (check_type(expected, actual, FALSE) == OK)
892 	return OK;
893     if (actual->tt_type != VAR_ANY
894 	    && actual->tt_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
895 	    && !(actual->tt_type == VAR_FUNC
896 		&& (actual->tt_member == &t_any || actual->tt_argcount < 0)))
897     {
898 	type_mismatch(expected, actual);
899 	return FAIL;
900     }
901     generate_TYPECHECK(cctx, expected, offset);
902     return OK;
903 }
904 
905 /*
906  * Generate an ISN_PUSHNR instruction.
907  */
908     static int
909 generate_PUSHNR(cctx_T *cctx, varnumber_T number)
910 {
911     isn_T	*isn;
912 
913     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
914     if ((isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_PUSHNR, &t_number)) == NULL)
915 	return FAIL;
916     isn->isn_arg.number = number;
917 
918     return OK;
919 }
920 
921 /*
922  * Generate an ISN_PUSHBOOL instruction.
923  */
924     static int
925 generate_PUSHBOOL(cctx_T *cctx, varnumber_T number)
926 {
927     isn_T	*isn;
928 
929     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
930     if ((isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_PUSHBOOL, &t_bool)) == NULL)
931 	return FAIL;
932     isn->isn_arg.number = number;
933 
934     return OK;
935 }
936 
937 /*
938  * Generate an ISN_PUSHSPEC instruction.
939  */
940     static int
941 generate_PUSHSPEC(cctx_T *cctx, varnumber_T number)
942 {
943     isn_T	*isn;
944 
945     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
946     if ((isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_PUSHSPEC, &t_special)) == NULL)
947 	return FAIL;
948     isn->isn_arg.number = number;
949 
950     return OK;
951 }
952 
953 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
954 /*
955  * Generate an ISN_PUSHF instruction.
956  */
957     static int
958 generate_PUSHF(cctx_T *cctx, float_T fnumber)
959 {
960     isn_T	*isn;
961 
962     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
963     if ((isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_PUSHF, &t_float)) == NULL)
964 	return FAIL;
965     isn->isn_arg.fnumber = fnumber;
966 
967     return OK;
968 }
969 #endif
970 
971 /*
972  * Generate an ISN_PUSHS instruction.
973  * Consumes "str".
974  */
975     static int
976 generate_PUSHS(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *str)
977 {
978     isn_T	*isn;
979 
980     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
981     if ((isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_PUSHS, &t_string)) == NULL)
982 	return FAIL;
983     isn->isn_arg.string = str;
984 
985     return OK;
986 }
987 
988 /*
989  * Generate an ISN_PUSHCHANNEL instruction.
990  * Consumes "channel".
991  */
992     static int
993 generate_PUSHCHANNEL(cctx_T *cctx, channel_T *channel)
994 {
995     isn_T	*isn;
996 
997     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
998     if ((isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_PUSHCHANNEL, &t_channel)) == NULL)
999 	return FAIL;
1000     isn->isn_arg.channel = channel;
1001 
1002     return OK;
1003 }
1004 
1005 /*
1006  * Generate an ISN_PUSHJOB instruction.
1007  * Consumes "job".
1008  */
1009     static int
1010 generate_PUSHJOB(cctx_T *cctx, job_T *job)
1011 {
1012     isn_T	*isn;
1013 
1014     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1015     if ((isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_PUSHJOB, &t_channel)) == NULL)
1016 	return FAIL;
1017     isn->isn_arg.job = job;
1018 
1019     return OK;
1020 }
1021 
1022 /*
1023  * Generate an ISN_PUSHBLOB instruction.
1024  * Consumes "blob".
1025  */
1026     static int
1027 generate_PUSHBLOB(cctx_T *cctx, blob_T *blob)
1028 {
1029     isn_T	*isn;
1030 
1031     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1032     if ((isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_PUSHBLOB, &t_blob)) == NULL)
1033 	return FAIL;
1034     isn->isn_arg.blob = blob;
1035 
1036     return OK;
1037 }
1038 
1039 /*
1040  * Generate an ISN_PUSHFUNC instruction with name "name".
1041  * Consumes "name".
1042  */
1043     static int
1044 generate_PUSHFUNC(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *name, type_T *type)
1045 {
1046     isn_T	*isn;
1047 
1048     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1049     if ((isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_PUSHFUNC, type)) == NULL)
1050 	return FAIL;
1051     isn->isn_arg.string = name;
1052 
1053     return OK;
1054 }
1055 
1056 /*
1057  * Generate an ISN_STORE instruction.
1058  */
1059     static int
1060 generate_STORE(cctx_T *cctx, isntype_T isn_type, int idx, char_u *name)
1061 {
1062     isn_T	*isn;
1063 
1064     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1065     if ((isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, isn_type, 1)) == NULL)
1066 	return FAIL;
1067     if (name != NULL)
1068 	isn->isn_arg.string = vim_strsave(name);
1069     else
1070 	isn->isn_arg.number = idx;
1071 
1072     return OK;
1073 }
1074 
1075 /*
1076  * Generate an ISN_STORENR instruction (short for ISN_PUSHNR + ISN_STORE)
1077  */
1078     static int
1079 generate_STORENR(cctx_T *cctx, int idx, varnumber_T value)
1080 {
1081     isn_T	*isn;
1082 
1083     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1084     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_STORENR)) == NULL)
1085 	return FAIL;
1086     isn->isn_arg.storenr.stnr_idx = idx;
1087     isn->isn_arg.storenr.stnr_val = value;
1088 
1089     return OK;
1090 }
1091 
1092 /*
1093  * Generate an ISN_STOREOPT instruction
1094  */
1095     static int
1096 generate_STOREOPT(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *name, int opt_flags)
1097 {
1098     isn_T	*isn;
1099 
1100     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1101     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_STOREOPT)) == NULL)
1102 	return FAIL;
1103     isn->isn_arg.storeopt.so_name = vim_strsave(name);
1104     isn->isn_arg.storeopt.so_flags = opt_flags;
1105 
1106     return OK;
1107 }
1108 
1109 /*
1110  * Generate an ISN_LOAD or similar instruction.
1111  */
1112     static int
1113 generate_LOAD(
1114 	cctx_T	    *cctx,
1115 	isntype_T   isn_type,
1116 	int	    idx,
1117 	char_u	    *name,
1118 	type_T	    *type)
1119 {
1120     isn_T	*isn;
1121 
1122     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1123     if ((isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, isn_type, type)) == NULL)
1124 	return FAIL;
1125     if (name != NULL)
1126 	isn->isn_arg.string = vim_strsave(name);
1127     else
1128 	isn->isn_arg.number = idx;
1129 
1130     return OK;
1131 }
1132 
1133 /*
1134  * Generate an ISN_LOADV instruction for v:var.
1135  */
1136     static int
1137 generate_LOADV(
1138 	cctx_T	    *cctx,
1139 	char_u	    *name,
1140 	int	    error)
1141 {
1142     int	    di_flags;
1143     int	    vidx = find_vim_var(name, &di_flags);
1144     type_T  *type;
1145 
1146     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1147     if (vidx < 0)
1148     {
1149 	if (error)
1150 	    semsg(_(e_var_notfound), name);
1151 	return FAIL;
1152     }
1153     type = typval2type(get_vim_var_tv(vidx));
1154 
1155     return generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADV, vidx, NULL, type);
1156 }
1157 
1158 /*
1159  * Generate an ISN_UNLET instruction.
1160  */
1161     static int
1162 generate_UNLET(cctx_T *cctx, isntype_T isn_type, char_u *name, int forceit)
1163 {
1164     isn_T	*isn;
1165 
1166     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1167     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, isn_type)) == NULL)
1168 	return FAIL;
1169     isn->isn_arg.unlet.ul_name = vim_strsave(name);
1170     isn->isn_arg.unlet.ul_forceit = forceit;
1171 
1172     return OK;
1173 }
1174 
1175 /*
1176  * Generate an ISN_LOADS instruction.
1177  */
1178     static int
1179 generate_OLDSCRIPT(
1180 	cctx_T	    *cctx,
1181 	isntype_T   isn_type,
1182 	char_u	    *name,
1183 	int	    sid,
1184 	type_T	    *type)
1185 {
1186     isn_T	*isn;
1187 
1188     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1189     if (isn_type == ISN_LOADS)
1190 	isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, isn_type, type);
1191     else
1192 	isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, isn_type, 1);
1193     if (isn == NULL)
1194 	return FAIL;
1195     isn->isn_arg.loadstore.ls_name = vim_strsave(name);
1196     isn->isn_arg.loadstore.ls_sid = sid;
1197 
1198     return OK;
1199 }
1200 
1201 /*
1202  * Generate an ISN_LOADSCRIPT or ISN_STORESCRIPT instruction.
1203  */
1204     static int
1205 generate_VIM9SCRIPT(
1206 	cctx_T	    *cctx,
1207 	isntype_T   isn_type,
1208 	int	    sid,
1209 	int	    idx,
1210 	type_T	    *type)
1211 {
1212     isn_T	*isn;
1213 
1214     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1215     if (isn_type == ISN_LOADSCRIPT)
1216 	isn = generate_instr_type(cctx, isn_type, type);
1217     else
1218 	isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, isn_type, 1);
1219     if (isn == NULL)
1220 	return FAIL;
1221     isn->isn_arg.script.script_sid = sid;
1222     isn->isn_arg.script.script_idx = idx;
1223     return OK;
1224 }
1225 
1226 /*
1227  * Generate an ISN_NEWLIST instruction.
1228  */
1229     static int
1230 generate_NEWLIST(cctx_T *cctx, int count)
1231 {
1232     isn_T	*isn;
1233     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
1234     type_T	*type;
1235     type_T	*member;
1236 
1237     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1238     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_NEWLIST)) == NULL)
1239 	return FAIL;
1240     isn->isn_arg.number = count;
1241 
1242     // drop the value types
1243     stack->ga_len -= count;
1244 
1245     // Use the first value type for the list member type.  Use "any" for an
1246     // empty list.
1247     if (count > 0)
1248 	member = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len];
1249     else
1250 	member = &t_void;
1251     type = get_list_type(member, cctx->ctx_type_list);
1252 
1253     // add the list type to the type stack
1254     if (ga_grow(stack, 1) == FAIL)
1255 	return FAIL;
1256     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len] = type;
1257     ++stack->ga_len;
1258 
1259     return OK;
1260 }
1261 
1262 /*
1263  * Generate an ISN_NEWDICT instruction.
1264  */
1265     static int
1266 generate_NEWDICT(cctx_T *cctx, int count)
1267 {
1268     isn_T	*isn;
1269     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
1270     type_T	*type;
1271     type_T	*member;
1272 
1273     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1274     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_NEWDICT)) == NULL)
1275 	return FAIL;
1276     isn->isn_arg.number = count;
1277 
1278     // drop the key and value types
1279     stack->ga_len -= 2 * count;
1280 
1281     // Use the first value type for the list member type.  Use "void" for an
1282     // empty dict.
1283     if (count > 0)
1284 	member = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len + 1];
1285     else
1286 	member = &t_void;
1287     type = get_dict_type(member, cctx->ctx_type_list);
1288 
1289     // add the dict type to the type stack
1290     if (ga_grow(stack, 1) == FAIL)
1291 	return FAIL;
1292     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len] = type;
1293     ++stack->ga_len;
1294 
1295     return OK;
1296 }
1297 
1298 /*
1299  * Generate an ISN_FUNCREF instruction.
1300  */
1301     static int
1302 generate_FUNCREF(cctx_T *cctx, int dfunc_idx)
1303 {
1304     isn_T	*isn;
1305     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
1306 
1307     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1308     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_FUNCREF)) == NULL)
1309 	return FAIL;
1310     isn->isn_arg.funcref.fr_func = dfunc_idx;
1311     isn->isn_arg.funcref.fr_var_idx = cctx->ctx_closure_count++;
1312 
1313     if (ga_grow(stack, 1) == FAIL)
1314 	return FAIL;
1315     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len] = &t_func_any;
1316     // TODO: argument and return types
1317     ++stack->ga_len;
1318 
1319     return OK;
1320 }
1321 
1322 /*
1323  * Generate an ISN_JUMP instruction.
1324  */
1325     static int
1326 generate_JUMP(cctx_T *cctx, jumpwhen_T when, int where)
1327 {
1328     isn_T	*isn;
1329     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
1330 
1331     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1332     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_JUMP)) == NULL)
1333 	return FAIL;
1334     isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_when = when;
1335     isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = where;
1336 
1337     if (when != JUMP_ALWAYS && stack->ga_len > 0)
1338 	--stack->ga_len;
1339 
1340     return OK;
1341 }
1342 
1343     static int
1344 generate_FOR(cctx_T *cctx, int loop_idx)
1345 {
1346     isn_T	*isn;
1347     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
1348 
1349     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1350     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_FOR)) == NULL)
1351 	return FAIL;
1352     isn->isn_arg.forloop.for_idx = loop_idx;
1353 
1354     if (ga_grow(stack, 1) == FAIL)
1355 	return FAIL;
1356     // type doesn't matter, will be stored next
1357     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len] = &t_any;
1358     ++stack->ga_len;
1359 
1360     return OK;
1361 }
1362 
1363 /*
1364  * Generate an ISN_BCALL instruction.
1365  * Return FAIL if the number of arguments is wrong.
1366  */
1367     static int
1368 generate_BCALL(cctx_T *cctx, int func_idx, int argcount)
1369 {
1370     isn_T	*isn;
1371     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
1372     type_T	*argtypes[MAX_FUNC_ARGS];
1373     int		i;
1374 
1375     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1376     if (check_internal_func(func_idx, argcount) == FAIL)
1377 	return FAIL;
1378 
1379     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_BCALL)) == NULL)
1380 	return FAIL;
1381     isn->isn_arg.bfunc.cbf_idx = func_idx;
1382     isn->isn_arg.bfunc.cbf_argcount = argcount;
1383 
1384     for (i = 0; i < argcount; ++i)
1385 	argtypes[i] = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - argcount + i];
1386 
1387     stack->ga_len -= argcount; // drop the arguments
1388     if (ga_grow(stack, 1) == FAIL)
1389 	return FAIL;
1390     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len] =
1391 			  internal_func_ret_type(func_idx, argcount, argtypes);
1392     ++stack->ga_len;	    // add return value
1393 
1394     return OK;
1395 }
1396 
1397 /*
1398  * Generate an ISN_DCALL or ISN_UCALL instruction.
1399  * Return FAIL if the number of arguments is wrong.
1400  */
1401     static int
1402 generate_CALL(cctx_T *cctx, ufunc_T *ufunc, int pushed_argcount)
1403 {
1404     isn_T	*isn;
1405     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
1406     int		regular_args = ufunc->uf_args.ga_len;
1407     int		argcount = pushed_argcount;
1408 
1409     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1410     if (argcount > regular_args && !has_varargs(ufunc))
1411     {
1412 	semsg(_(e_toomanyarg), ufunc->uf_name);
1413 	return FAIL;
1414     }
1415     if (argcount < regular_args - ufunc->uf_def_args.ga_len)
1416     {
1417 	semsg(_(e_toofewarg), ufunc->uf_name);
1418 	return FAIL;
1419     }
1420 
1421     if (ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx >= 0)
1422     {
1423 	int		i;
1424 
1425 	for (i = 0; i < argcount; ++i)
1426 	{
1427 	    type_T *expected;
1428 	    type_T *actual;
1429 
1430 	    if (i < regular_args)
1431 	    {
1432 		if (ufunc->uf_arg_types == NULL)
1433 		    continue;
1434 		expected = ufunc->uf_arg_types[i];
1435 	    }
1436 	    else
1437 		expected = ufunc->uf_va_type->tt_member;
1438 	    actual = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - argcount + i];
1439 	    if (need_type(actual, expected, -argcount + i, cctx) == FAIL)
1440 	    {
1441 		arg_type_mismatch(expected, actual, i + 1);
1442 		return FAIL;
1443 	    }
1444 	}
1445     }
1446 
1447     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx,
1448 		    ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx >= 0 ? ISN_DCALL : ISN_UCALL)) == NULL)
1449 	return FAIL;
1450     if (ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx >= 0)
1451     {
1452 	isn->isn_arg.dfunc.cdf_idx = ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
1453 	isn->isn_arg.dfunc.cdf_argcount = argcount;
1454     }
1455     else
1456     {
1457 	// A user function may be deleted and redefined later, can't use the
1458 	// ufunc pointer, need to look it up again at runtime.
1459 	isn->isn_arg.ufunc.cuf_name = vim_strsave(ufunc->uf_name);
1460 	isn->isn_arg.ufunc.cuf_argcount = argcount;
1461     }
1462 
1463     stack->ga_len -= argcount; // drop the arguments
1464     if (ga_grow(stack, 1) == FAIL)
1465 	return FAIL;
1466     // add return value
1467     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len] = ufunc->uf_ret_type;
1468     ++stack->ga_len;
1469 
1470     return OK;
1471 }
1472 
1473 /*
1474  * Generate an ISN_UCALL instruction when the function isn't defined yet.
1475  */
1476     static int
1477 generate_UCALL(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *name, int argcount)
1478 {
1479     isn_T	*isn;
1480     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
1481 
1482     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1483     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_UCALL)) == NULL)
1484 	return FAIL;
1485     isn->isn_arg.ufunc.cuf_name = vim_strsave(name);
1486     isn->isn_arg.ufunc.cuf_argcount = argcount;
1487 
1488     stack->ga_len -= argcount; // drop the arguments
1489     if (ga_grow(stack, 1) == FAIL)
1490 	return FAIL;
1491     // add return value
1492     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len] = &t_any;
1493     ++stack->ga_len;
1494 
1495     return OK;
1496 }
1497 
1498 /*
1499  * Generate an ISN_PCALL instruction.
1500  * "type" is the type of the FuncRef.
1501  */
1502     static int
1503 generate_PCALL(
1504 	cctx_T	*cctx,
1505 	int	argcount,
1506 	char_u	*name,
1507 	type_T	*type,
1508 	int	at_top)
1509 {
1510     isn_T	*isn;
1511     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
1512     type_T	*ret_type;
1513 
1514     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1515 
1516     if (type->tt_type == VAR_ANY)
1517 	ret_type = &t_any;
1518     else if (type->tt_type == VAR_FUNC || type->tt_type == VAR_PARTIAL)
1519     {
1520 	if (type->tt_argcount != -1)
1521 	{
1522 	    int	    varargs = (type->tt_flags & TTFLAG_VARARGS) ? 1 : 0;
1523 
1524 	    if (argcount < type->tt_min_argcount - varargs)
1525 	    {
1526 		semsg(_(e_toofewarg), "[reference]");
1527 		return FAIL;
1528 	    }
1529 	    if (!varargs && argcount > type->tt_argcount)
1530 	    {
1531 		semsg(_(e_toomanyarg), "[reference]");
1532 		return FAIL;
1533 	    }
1534 	}
1535 	ret_type = type->tt_member;
1536     }
1537     else
1538     {
1539 	semsg(_("E1085: Not a callable type: %s"), name);
1540 	return FAIL;
1541     }
1542 
1543     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_PCALL)) == NULL)
1544 	return FAIL;
1545     isn->isn_arg.pfunc.cpf_top = at_top;
1546     isn->isn_arg.pfunc.cpf_argcount = argcount;
1547 
1548     stack->ga_len -= argcount; // drop the arguments
1549 
1550     // drop the funcref/partial, get back the return value
1551     ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1] = ret_type;
1552 
1553     // If partial is above the arguments it must be cleared and replaced with
1554     // the return value.
1555     if (at_top && generate_instr(cctx, ISN_PCALL_END) == NULL)
1556 	return FAIL;
1557 
1558     return OK;
1559 }
1560 
1561 /*
1562  * Generate an ISN_STRINGMEMBER instruction.
1563  */
1564     static int
1565 generate_STRINGMEMBER(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *name, size_t len)
1566 {
1567     isn_T	*isn;
1568     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
1569     type_T	*type;
1570 
1571     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1572     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_STRINGMEMBER)) == NULL)
1573 	return FAIL;
1574     isn->isn_arg.string = vim_strnsave(name, (int)len);
1575 
1576     // check for dict type
1577     type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
1578     if (type->tt_type != VAR_DICT && type != &t_any)
1579     {
1580 	emsg(_(e_dictreq));
1581 	return FAIL;
1582     }
1583     // change dict type to dict member type
1584     if (type->tt_type == VAR_DICT)
1585 	((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1] = type->tt_member;
1586 
1587     return OK;
1588 }
1589 
1590 /*
1591  * Generate an ISN_ECHO instruction.
1592  */
1593     static int
1594 generate_ECHO(cctx_T *cctx, int with_white, int count)
1595 {
1596     isn_T	*isn;
1597 
1598     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1599     if ((isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_ECHO, count)) == NULL)
1600 	return FAIL;
1601     isn->isn_arg.echo.echo_with_white = with_white;
1602     isn->isn_arg.echo.echo_count = count;
1603 
1604     return OK;
1605 }
1606 
1607 /*
1608  * Generate an ISN_EXECUTE/ISN_ECHOMSG/ISN_ECHOERR instruction.
1609  */
1610     static int
1611 generate_MULT_EXPR(cctx_T *cctx, isntype_T isn_type, int count)
1612 {
1613     isn_T	*isn;
1614 
1615     if ((isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, isn_type, count)) == NULL)
1616 	return FAIL;
1617     isn->isn_arg.number = count;
1618 
1619     return OK;
1620 }
1621 
1622     static int
1623 generate_EXEC(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *line)
1624 {
1625     isn_T	*isn;
1626 
1627     RETURN_OK_IF_SKIP(cctx);
1628     if ((isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_EXEC)) == NULL)
1629 	return FAIL;
1630     isn->isn_arg.string = vim_strsave(line);
1631     return OK;
1632 }
1633 
1634     static int
1635 generate_EXECCONCAT(cctx_T *cctx, int count)
1636 {
1637     isn_T	*isn;
1638 
1639     if ((isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_EXECCONCAT, count)) == NULL)
1640 	return FAIL;
1641     isn->isn_arg.number = count;
1642     return OK;
1643 }
1644 
1645 /*
1646  * Reserve space for a local variable.
1647  * Return the variable or NULL if it failed.
1648  */
1649     static lvar_T *
1650 reserve_local(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *name, size_t len, int isConst, type_T *type)
1651 {
1652     lvar_T  *lvar;
1653 
1654     if (lookup_arg(name, len, NULL, NULL, NULL, cctx) == OK)
1655     {
1656 	emsg_namelen(_(e_used_as_arg), name, (int)len);
1657 	return NULL;
1658     }
1659 
1660     if (ga_grow(&cctx->ctx_locals, 1) == FAIL)
1661 	return NULL;
1662     lvar = ((lvar_T *)cctx->ctx_locals.ga_data) + cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len++;
1663 
1664     // Every local variable uses the next entry on the stack.  We could re-use
1665     // the last ones when leaving a scope, but then variables used in a closure
1666     // might get overwritten.  To keep things simple do not re-use stack
1667     // entries.  This is less efficient, but memory is cheap these days.
1668     lvar->lv_idx = cctx->ctx_locals_count++;
1669 
1670     lvar->lv_name = vim_strnsave(name, (int)(len == 0 ? STRLEN(name) : len));
1671     lvar->lv_const = isConst;
1672     lvar->lv_type = type;
1673 
1674     return lvar;
1675 }
1676 
1677 /*
1678  * Remove local variables above "new_top".
1679  */
1680     static void
1681 unwind_locals(cctx_T *cctx, int new_top)
1682 {
1683     if (cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len > new_top)
1684     {
1685 	int	idx;
1686 	lvar_T	*lvar;
1687 
1688 	for (idx = new_top; idx < cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len; ++idx)
1689 	{
1690 	    lvar = ((lvar_T *)cctx->ctx_locals.ga_data) + idx;
1691 	    vim_free(lvar->lv_name);
1692 	}
1693     }
1694     cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len = new_top;
1695 }
1696 
1697 /*
1698  * Free all local variables.
1699  */
1700     static void
1701 free_locals(cctx_T *cctx)
1702 {
1703     unwind_locals(cctx, 0);
1704     ga_clear(&cctx->ctx_locals);
1705 }
1706 
1707 /*
1708  * Skip over a type definition and return a pointer to just after it.
1709  */
1710     char_u *
1711 skip_type(char_u *start)
1712 {
1713     char_u *p = start;
1714 
1715     while (ASCII_ISALNUM(*p) || *p == '_')
1716 	++p;
1717 
1718     // Skip over "<type>"; this is permissive about white space.
1719     if (*skipwhite(p) == '<')
1720     {
1721 	p = skipwhite(p);
1722 	p = skip_type(skipwhite(p + 1));
1723 	p = skipwhite(p);
1724 	if (*p == '>')
1725 	    ++p;
1726     }
1727     else if (*p == '(' && STRNCMP("func", start, 4) == 0)
1728     {
1729 	// handle func(args): type
1730 	++p;
1731 	while (*p != ')' && *p != NUL)
1732 	{
1733 	    char_u *sp = p;
1734 
1735 	    p = skip_type(p);
1736 	    if (p == sp)
1737 		return p;  // syntax error
1738 	    if (*p == ',')
1739 		p = skipwhite(p + 1);
1740 	}
1741 	if (*p == ')')
1742 	{
1743 	    if (p[1] == ':')
1744 		p = skip_type(skipwhite(p + 2));
1745 	    else
1746 		p = skipwhite(p + 1);
1747 	}
1748     }
1749 
1750     return p;
1751 }
1752 
1753 /*
1754  * Parse the member type: "<type>" and return "type" with the member set.
1755  * Use "type_gap" if a new type needs to be added.
1756  * Returns NULL in case of failure.
1757  */
1758     static type_T *
1759 parse_type_member(char_u **arg, type_T *type, garray_T *type_gap)
1760 {
1761     type_T  *member_type;
1762     int	    prev_called_emsg = called_emsg;
1763 
1764     if (**arg != '<')
1765     {
1766 	if (*skipwhite(*arg) == '<')
1767 	    semsg(_(e_no_white_before), "<");
1768 	else
1769 	    emsg(_("E1008: Missing <type>"));
1770 	return type;
1771     }
1772     *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
1773 
1774     member_type = parse_type(arg, type_gap);
1775 
1776     *arg = skipwhite(*arg);
1777     if (**arg != '>' && called_emsg == prev_called_emsg)
1778     {
1779 	emsg(_("E1009: Missing > after type"));
1780 	return type;
1781     }
1782     ++*arg;
1783 
1784     if (type->tt_type == VAR_LIST)
1785 	return get_list_type(member_type, type_gap);
1786     return get_dict_type(member_type, type_gap);
1787 }
1788 
1789 /*
1790  * Parse a type at "arg" and advance over it.
1791  * Return &t_any for failure.
1792  */
1793     type_T *
1794 parse_type(char_u **arg, garray_T *type_gap)
1795 {
1796     char_u  *p = *arg;
1797     size_t  len;
1798 
1799     // skip over the first word
1800     while (ASCII_ISALNUM(*p) || *p == '_')
1801 	++p;
1802     len = p - *arg;
1803 
1804     switch (**arg)
1805     {
1806 	case 'a':
1807 	    if (len == 3 && STRNCMP(*arg, "any", len) == 0)
1808 	    {
1809 		*arg += len;
1810 		return &t_any;
1811 	    }
1812 	    break;
1813 	case 'b':
1814 	    if (len == 4 && STRNCMP(*arg, "bool", len) == 0)
1815 	    {
1816 		*arg += len;
1817 		return &t_bool;
1818 	    }
1819 	    if (len == 4 && STRNCMP(*arg, "blob", len) == 0)
1820 	    {
1821 		*arg += len;
1822 		return &t_blob;
1823 	    }
1824 	    break;
1825 	case 'c':
1826 	    if (len == 7 && STRNCMP(*arg, "channel", len) == 0)
1827 	    {
1828 		*arg += len;
1829 		return &t_channel;
1830 	    }
1831 	    break;
1832 	case 'd':
1833 	    if (len == 4 && STRNCMP(*arg, "dict", len) == 0)
1834 	    {
1835 		*arg += len;
1836 		return parse_type_member(arg, &t_dict_any, type_gap);
1837 	    }
1838 	    break;
1839 	case 'f':
1840 	    if (len == 5 && STRNCMP(*arg, "float", len) == 0)
1841 	    {
1842 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
1843 		*arg += len;
1844 		return &t_float;
1845 #else
1846 		emsg(_("E1076: This Vim is not compiled with float support"));
1847 		return &t_any;
1848 #endif
1849 	    }
1850 	    if (len == 4 && STRNCMP(*arg, "func", len) == 0)
1851 	    {
1852 		type_T  *type;
1853 		type_T  *ret_type = &t_unknown;
1854 		int	argcount = -1;
1855 		int	flags = 0;
1856 		int	first_optional = -1;
1857 		type_T	*arg_type[MAX_FUNC_ARGS + 1];
1858 
1859 		// func({type}, ...{type}): {type}
1860 		*arg += len;
1861 		if (**arg == '(')
1862 		{
1863 		    // "func" may or may not return a value, "func()" does
1864 		    // not return a value.
1865 		    ret_type = &t_void;
1866 
1867 		    p = ++*arg;
1868 		    argcount = 0;
1869 		    while (*p != NUL && *p != ')')
1870 		    {
1871 			if (*p == '?')
1872 			{
1873 			    if (first_optional == -1)
1874 				first_optional = argcount;
1875 			    ++p;
1876 			}
1877 			else if (first_optional != -1)
1878 			{
1879 			    emsg(_("E1007: mandatory argument after optional argument"));
1880 			    return &t_any;
1881 			}
1882 			else if (STRNCMP(p, "...", 3) == 0)
1883 			{
1884 			    flags |= TTFLAG_VARARGS;
1885 			    p += 3;
1886 			}
1887 
1888 			arg_type[argcount++] = parse_type(&p, type_gap);
1889 
1890 			// Nothing comes after "...{type}".
1891 			if (flags & TTFLAG_VARARGS)
1892 			    break;
1893 
1894 			if (*p != ',' && *skipwhite(p) == ',')
1895 			{
1896 			    semsg(_(e_no_white_before), ",");
1897 			    return &t_any;
1898 			}
1899 			if (*p == ',')
1900 			{
1901 			    ++p;
1902 			    if (!VIM_ISWHITE(*p))
1903 			    {
1904 				semsg(_(e_white_after), ",");
1905 				return &t_any;
1906 			    }
1907 			}
1908 			p = skipwhite(p);
1909 			if (argcount == MAX_FUNC_ARGS)
1910 			{
1911 			    emsg(_("E740: Too many argument types"));
1912 			    return &t_any;
1913 			}
1914 		    }
1915 
1916 		    p = skipwhite(p);
1917 		    if (*p != ')')
1918 		    {
1919 			emsg(_(e_missing_close));
1920 			return &t_any;
1921 		    }
1922 		    *arg = p + 1;
1923 		}
1924 		if (**arg == ':')
1925 		{
1926 		    // parse return type
1927 		    ++*arg;
1928 		    if (!VIM_ISWHITE(**arg))
1929 			semsg(_(e_white_after), ":");
1930 		    *arg = skipwhite(*arg);
1931 		    ret_type = parse_type(arg, type_gap);
1932 		}
1933 		if (flags == 0 && first_optional == -1 && argcount <= 0)
1934 		    type = get_func_type(ret_type, argcount, type_gap);
1935 		else
1936 		{
1937 		    type = alloc_func_type(ret_type, argcount, type_gap);
1938 		    type->tt_flags = flags;
1939 		    if (argcount > 0)
1940 		    {
1941 			type->tt_argcount = argcount;
1942 			type->tt_min_argcount = first_optional == -1
1943 						   ? argcount : first_optional;
1944 			if (func_type_add_arg_types(type, argcount,
1945 							     type_gap) == FAIL)
1946 			    return &t_any;
1947 			mch_memmove(type->tt_args, arg_type,
1948 						  sizeof(type_T *) * argcount);
1949 		    }
1950 		}
1951 		return type;
1952 	    }
1953 	    break;
1954 	case 'j':
1955 	    if (len == 3 && STRNCMP(*arg, "job", len) == 0)
1956 	    {
1957 		*arg += len;
1958 		return &t_job;
1959 	    }
1960 	    break;
1961 	case 'l':
1962 	    if (len == 4 && STRNCMP(*arg, "list", len) == 0)
1963 	    {
1964 		*arg += len;
1965 		return parse_type_member(arg, &t_list_any, type_gap);
1966 	    }
1967 	    break;
1968 	case 'n':
1969 	    if (len == 6 && STRNCMP(*arg, "number", len) == 0)
1970 	    {
1971 		*arg += len;
1972 		return &t_number;
1973 	    }
1974 	    break;
1975 	case 's':
1976 	    if (len == 6 && STRNCMP(*arg, "string", len) == 0)
1977 	    {
1978 		*arg += len;
1979 		return &t_string;
1980 	    }
1981 	    break;
1982 	case 'v':
1983 	    if (len == 4 && STRNCMP(*arg, "void", len) == 0)
1984 	    {
1985 		*arg += len;
1986 		return &t_void;
1987 	    }
1988 	    break;
1989     }
1990 
1991     semsg(_("E1010: Type not recognized: %s"), *arg);
1992     return &t_any;
1993 }
1994 
1995 /*
1996  * Check if "type1" and "type2" are exactly the same.
1997  */
1998     static int
1999 equal_type(type_T *type1, type_T *type2)
2000 {
2001     int i;
2002 
2003     if (type1->tt_type != type2->tt_type)
2004 	return FALSE;
2005     switch (type1->tt_type)
2006     {
2007 	case VAR_UNKNOWN:
2008 	case VAR_ANY:
2009 	case VAR_VOID:
2010 	case VAR_SPECIAL:
2011 	case VAR_BOOL:
2012 	case VAR_NUMBER:
2013 	case VAR_FLOAT:
2014 	case VAR_STRING:
2015 	case VAR_BLOB:
2016 	case VAR_JOB:
2017 	case VAR_CHANNEL:
2018 	    break;  // not composite is always OK
2019 	case VAR_LIST:
2020 	case VAR_DICT:
2021 	    return equal_type(type1->tt_member, type2->tt_member);
2022 	case VAR_FUNC:
2023 	case VAR_PARTIAL:
2024 	    if (!equal_type(type1->tt_member, type2->tt_member)
2025 		    || type1->tt_argcount != type2->tt_argcount)
2026 		return FALSE;
2027 	    if (type1->tt_argcount < 0
2028 			   || type1->tt_args == NULL || type2->tt_args == NULL)
2029 		return TRUE;
2030 	    for (i = 0; i < type1->tt_argcount; ++i)
2031 		if (!equal_type(type1->tt_args[i], type2->tt_args[i]))
2032 		    return FALSE;
2033 	    return TRUE;
2034     }
2035     return TRUE;
2036 }
2037 
2038 /*
2039  * Find the common type of "type1" and "type2" and put it in "dest".
2040  * "type2" and "dest" may be the same.
2041  */
2042     static void
2043 common_type(type_T *type1, type_T *type2, type_T **dest, garray_T *type_gap)
2044 {
2045     if (equal_type(type1, type2))
2046     {
2047 	*dest = type1;
2048 	return;
2049     }
2050 
2051     if (type1->tt_type == type2->tt_type)
2052     {
2053 	if (type1->tt_type == VAR_LIST || type2->tt_type == VAR_DICT)
2054 	{
2055 	    type_T *common;
2056 
2057 	    common_type(type1->tt_member, type2->tt_member, &common, type_gap);
2058 	    if (type1->tt_type == VAR_LIST)
2059 		*dest = get_list_type(common, type_gap);
2060 	    else
2061 		*dest = get_dict_type(common, type_gap);
2062 	    return;
2063 	}
2064 	if (type1->tt_type == VAR_FUNC)
2065 	{
2066 	    type_T *common;
2067 
2068 	    common_type(type1->tt_member, type2->tt_member, &common, type_gap);
2069 	    if (type1->tt_argcount == type2->tt_argcount
2070 						    && type1->tt_argcount >= 0)
2071 	    {
2072 		int argcount = type1->tt_argcount;
2073 		int i;
2074 
2075 		*dest = alloc_func_type(common, argcount, type_gap);
2076 		if (type1->tt_args != NULL && type2->tt_args != NULL)
2077 		{
2078 		    if (func_type_add_arg_types(*dest, argcount,
2079 							     type_gap) == OK)
2080 			for (i = 0; i < argcount; ++i)
2081 			    common_type(type1->tt_args[i], type2->tt_args[i],
2082 					       &(*dest)->tt_args[i], type_gap);
2083 		}
2084 	    }
2085 	    else
2086 		*dest = alloc_func_type(common, -1, type_gap);
2087 	    return;
2088 	}
2089     }
2090 
2091     *dest = &t_any;
2092 }
2093 
2094     char *
2095 vartype_name(vartype_T type)
2096 {
2097     switch (type)
2098     {
2099 	case VAR_UNKNOWN: break;
2100 	case VAR_ANY: return "any";
2101 	case VAR_VOID: return "void";
2102 	case VAR_SPECIAL: return "special";
2103 	case VAR_BOOL: return "bool";
2104 	case VAR_NUMBER: return "number";
2105 	case VAR_FLOAT: return "float";
2106 	case VAR_STRING: return "string";
2107 	case VAR_BLOB: return "blob";
2108 	case VAR_JOB: return "job";
2109 	case VAR_CHANNEL: return "channel";
2110 	case VAR_LIST: return "list";
2111 	case VAR_DICT: return "dict";
2112 
2113 	case VAR_FUNC:
2114 	case VAR_PARTIAL: return "func";
2115     }
2116     return "unknown";
2117 }
2118 
2119 /*
2120  * Return the name of a type.
2121  * The result may be in allocated memory, in which case "tofree" is set.
2122  */
2123     char *
2124 type_name(type_T *type, char **tofree)
2125 {
2126     char *name = vartype_name(type->tt_type);
2127 
2128     *tofree = NULL;
2129     if (type->tt_type == VAR_LIST || type->tt_type == VAR_DICT)
2130     {
2131 	char *member_free;
2132 	char *member_name = type_name(type->tt_member, &member_free);
2133 	size_t len;
2134 
2135 	len = STRLEN(name) + STRLEN(member_name) + 3;
2136 	*tofree = alloc(len);
2137 	if (*tofree != NULL)
2138 	{
2139 	    vim_snprintf(*tofree, len, "%s<%s>", name, member_name);
2140 	    vim_free(member_free);
2141 	    return *tofree;
2142 	}
2143     }
2144     if (type->tt_type == VAR_FUNC)
2145     {
2146 	garray_T    ga;
2147 	int	    i;
2148 	int	    varargs = (type->tt_flags & TTFLAG_VARARGS) ? 1 : 0;
2149 
2150 	ga_init2(&ga, 1, 100);
2151 	if (ga_grow(&ga, 20) == FAIL)
2152 	    return "[unknown]";
2153 	*tofree = ga.ga_data;
2154 	STRCPY(ga.ga_data, "func(");
2155 	ga.ga_len += 5;
2156 
2157 	for (i = 0; i < type->tt_argcount; ++i)
2158 	{
2159 	    char *arg_free;
2160 	    char *arg_type;
2161 	    int  len;
2162 
2163 	    if (type->tt_args == NULL)
2164 		arg_type = "[unknown]";
2165 	    else
2166 		arg_type = type_name(type->tt_args[i], &arg_free);
2167 	    if (i > 0)
2168 	    {
2169 		STRCPY((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, ", ");
2170 		ga.ga_len += 2;
2171 	    }
2172 	    len = (int)STRLEN(arg_type);
2173 	    if (ga_grow(&ga, len + 8) == FAIL)
2174 	    {
2175 		vim_free(arg_free);
2176 		return "[unknown]";
2177 	    }
2178 	    *tofree = ga.ga_data;
2179 	    if (varargs && i == type->tt_argcount - 1)
2180 	    {
2181 		STRCPY((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, "...");
2182 		ga.ga_len += 3;
2183 	    }
2184 	    else if (i >= type->tt_min_argcount)
2185 		*((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len++) = '?';
2186 	    STRCPY((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, arg_type);
2187 	    ga.ga_len += len;
2188 	    vim_free(arg_free);
2189 	}
2190 
2191 	if (type->tt_member == &t_void)
2192 	    STRCPY((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, ")");
2193 	else
2194 	{
2195 	    char *ret_free;
2196 	    char *ret_name = type_name(type->tt_member, &ret_free);
2197 	    int  len;
2198 
2199 	    len = (int)STRLEN(ret_name) + 4;
2200 	    if (ga_grow(&ga, len) == FAIL)
2201 	    {
2202 		vim_free(ret_free);
2203 		return "[unknown]";
2204 	    }
2205 	    *tofree = ga.ga_data;
2206 	    STRCPY((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, "): ");
2207 	    STRCPY((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len + 3, ret_name);
2208 	    vim_free(ret_free);
2209 	}
2210 	return ga.ga_data;
2211     }
2212 
2213     return name;
2214 }
2215 
2216 /*
2217  * Find "name" in script-local items of script "sid".
2218  * Returns the index in "sn_var_vals" if found.
2219  * If found but not in "sn_var_vals" returns -1.
2220  * If not found returns -2.
2221  */
2222     int
2223 get_script_item_idx(int sid, char_u *name, int check_writable)
2224 {
2225     hashtab_T	    *ht;
2226     dictitem_T	    *di;
2227     scriptitem_T    *si = SCRIPT_ITEM(sid);
2228     int		    idx;
2229 
2230     // First look the name up in the hashtable.
2231     if (sid <= 0 || sid > script_items.ga_len)
2232 	return -1;
2233     ht = &SCRIPT_VARS(sid);
2234     di = find_var_in_ht(ht, 0, name, TRUE);
2235     if (di == NULL)
2236 	return -2;
2237 
2238     // Now find the svar_T index in sn_var_vals.
2239     for (idx = 0; idx < si->sn_var_vals.ga_len; ++idx)
2240     {
2241 	svar_T    *sv = ((svar_T *)si->sn_var_vals.ga_data) + idx;
2242 
2243 	if (sv->sv_tv == &di->di_tv)
2244 	{
2245 	    if (check_writable && sv->sv_const)
2246 		semsg(_(e_readonlyvar), name);
2247 	    return idx;
2248 	}
2249     }
2250     return -1;
2251 }
2252 
2253 /*
2254  * Find "name" in imported items of the current script/
2255  */
2256     imported_T *
2257 find_imported(char_u *name, size_t len, cctx_T *cctx)
2258 {
2259     scriptitem_T    *si = SCRIPT_ITEM(current_sctx.sc_sid);
2260     int		    idx;
2261 
2262     if (cctx != NULL)
2263 	for (idx = 0; idx < cctx->ctx_imports.ga_len; ++idx)
2264 	{
2265 	    imported_T *import = ((imported_T *)cctx->ctx_imports.ga_data)
2266 									 + idx;
2267 
2268 	    if (len == 0 ? STRCMP(name, import->imp_name) == 0
2269 			 : STRLEN(import->imp_name) == len
2270 				  && STRNCMP(name, import->imp_name, len) == 0)
2271 		return import;
2272 	}
2273 
2274     for (idx = 0; idx < si->sn_imports.ga_len; ++idx)
2275     {
2276 	imported_T *import = ((imported_T *)si->sn_imports.ga_data) + idx;
2277 
2278 	if (len == 0 ? STRCMP(name, import->imp_name) == 0
2279 		     : STRLEN(import->imp_name) == len
2280 				  && STRNCMP(name, import->imp_name, len) == 0)
2281 	    return import;
2282     }
2283     return NULL;
2284 }
2285 
2286 /*
2287  * Free all imported variables.
2288  */
2289     static void
2290 free_imported(cctx_T *cctx)
2291 {
2292     int idx;
2293 
2294     for (idx = 0; idx < cctx->ctx_imports.ga_len; ++idx)
2295     {
2296 	imported_T *import = ((imported_T *)cctx->ctx_imports.ga_data) + idx;
2297 
2298 	vim_free(import->imp_name);
2299     }
2300     ga_clear(&cctx->ctx_imports);
2301 }
2302 
2303 /*
2304  * Get the next line of the function from "cctx".
2305  * Returns NULL when at the end.
2306  */
2307     static char_u *
2308 next_line_from_context(cctx_T *cctx)
2309 {
2310     char_u	*line;
2311 
2312     do
2313     {
2314 	++cctx->ctx_lnum;
2315 	if (cctx->ctx_lnum >= cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_len)
2316 	{
2317 	    line = NULL;
2318 	    break;
2319 	}
2320 	line = ((char_u **)cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_data)[cctx->ctx_lnum];
2321 	cctx->ctx_line_start = line;
2322 	SOURCING_LNUM = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_script_ctx.sc_lnum
2323 							  + cctx->ctx_lnum + 1;
2324     } while (line == NULL || *skipwhite(line) == NUL);
2325     return line;
2326 }
2327 
2328 /*
2329  * Return TRUE if "p" points at a "#" but not at "#{".
2330  */
2331     static int
2332 comment_start(char_u *p)
2333 {
2334     return p[0] == '#' && p[1] != '{';
2335 }
2336 
2337 /*
2338  * If "*arg" is at the end of the line, advance to the next line.
2339  * Also when "whitep" points to white space and "*arg" is on a "#".
2340  * Return FAIL if beyond the last line, "*arg" is unmodified then.
2341  */
2342     static int
2343 may_get_next_line(char_u *whitep, char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
2344 {
2345     if (**arg == NUL || (VIM_ISWHITE(*whitep) && comment_start(*arg)))
2346     {
2347 	char_u *next = next_line_from_context(cctx);
2348 
2349 	if (next == NULL)
2350 	    return FAIL;
2351 	*arg = skipwhite(next);
2352     }
2353     return OK;
2354 }
2355 
2356 // Structure passed between the compile_expr* functions to keep track of
2357 // constants that have been parsed but for which no code was produced yet.  If
2358 // possible expressions on these constants are applied at compile time.  If
2359 // that is not possible, the code to push the constants needs to be generated
2360 // before other instructions.
2361 // Using 50 should be more than enough of 5 levels of ().
2362 #define PPSIZE 50
2363 typedef struct {
2364     typval_T	pp_tv[PPSIZE];	// stack of ppconst constants
2365     int		pp_used;	// active entries in pp_tv[]
2366 } ppconst_T;
2367 
2368 static int compile_expr0(char_u **arg,  cctx_T *cctx);
2369 static int compile_expr1(char_u **arg,  cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst);
2370 
2371 /*
2372  * Generate a PUSH instruction for "tv".
2373  * "tv" will be consumed or cleared.
2374  * Nothing happens if "tv" is NULL or of type VAR_UNKNOWN;
2375  */
2376     static int
2377 generate_tv_PUSH(cctx_T *cctx, typval_T *tv)
2378 {
2379     if (tv != NULL)
2380     {
2381 	switch (tv->v_type)
2382 	{
2383 	    case VAR_UNKNOWN:
2384 		break;
2385 	    case VAR_BOOL:
2386 		generate_PUSHBOOL(cctx, tv->vval.v_number);
2387 		break;
2388 	    case VAR_SPECIAL:
2389 		generate_PUSHSPEC(cctx, tv->vval.v_number);
2390 		break;
2391 	    case VAR_NUMBER:
2392 		generate_PUSHNR(cctx, tv->vval.v_number);
2393 		break;
2394 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2395 	    case VAR_FLOAT:
2396 		generate_PUSHF(cctx, tv->vval.v_float);
2397 		break;
2398 #endif
2399 	    case VAR_BLOB:
2400 		generate_PUSHBLOB(cctx, tv->vval.v_blob);
2401 		tv->vval.v_blob = NULL;
2402 		break;
2403 	    case VAR_STRING:
2404 		generate_PUSHS(cctx, tv->vval.v_string);
2405 		tv->vval.v_string = NULL;
2406 		break;
2407 	    default:
2408 		iemsg("constant type not supported");
2409 		clear_tv(tv);
2410 		return FAIL;
2411 	}
2412 	tv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
2413     }
2414     return OK;
2415 }
2416 
2417 /*
2418  * Generate code for any ppconst entries.
2419  */
2420     static int
2421 generate_ppconst(cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
2422 {
2423     int	    i;
2424     int	    ret = OK;
2425     int	    save_skip = cctx->ctx_skip;
2426 
2427     cctx->ctx_skip = FALSE;
2428     for (i = 0; i < ppconst->pp_used; ++i)
2429 	if (generate_tv_PUSH(cctx, &ppconst->pp_tv[i]) == FAIL)
2430 	    ret = FAIL;
2431     ppconst->pp_used = 0;
2432     cctx->ctx_skip = save_skip;
2433     return ret;
2434 }
2435 
2436 /*
2437  * Clear ppconst constants.  Used when failing.
2438  */
2439     static void
2440 clear_ppconst(ppconst_T *ppconst)
2441 {
2442     int	    i;
2443 
2444     for (i = 0; i < ppconst->pp_used; ++i)
2445 	clear_tv(&ppconst->pp_tv[i]);
2446     ppconst->pp_used = 0;
2447 }
2448 
2449 /*
2450  * Generate an instruction to load script-local variable "name", without the
2451  * leading "s:".
2452  * Also finds imported variables.
2453  */
2454     static int
2455 compile_load_scriptvar(
2456 	cctx_T *cctx,
2457 	char_u *name,	    // variable NUL terminated
2458 	char_u *start,	    // start of variable
2459 	char_u **end,	    // end of variable
2460 	int    error)	    // when TRUE may give error
2461 {
2462     scriptitem_T    *si = SCRIPT_ITEM(current_sctx.sc_sid);
2463     int		    idx = get_script_item_idx(current_sctx.sc_sid, name, FALSE);
2464     imported_T	    *import;
2465 
2466     if (idx == -1 || si->sn_version != SCRIPT_VERSION_VIM9)
2467     {
2468 	// variable is not in sn_var_vals: old style script.
2469 	return generate_OLDSCRIPT(cctx, ISN_LOADS, name, current_sctx.sc_sid,
2470 								       &t_any);
2471     }
2472     if (idx >= 0)
2473     {
2474 	svar_T		*sv = ((svar_T *)si->sn_var_vals.ga_data) + idx;
2475 
2476 	generate_VIM9SCRIPT(cctx, ISN_LOADSCRIPT,
2477 					current_sctx.sc_sid, idx, sv->sv_type);
2478 	return OK;
2479     }
2480 
2481     import = find_imported(name, 0, cctx);
2482     if (import != NULL)
2483     {
2484 	if (import->imp_all)
2485 	{
2486 	    char_u	*p = skipwhite(*end);
2487 	    int		name_len;
2488 	    ufunc_T	*ufunc;
2489 	    type_T	*type;
2490 
2491 	    // Used "import * as Name", need to lookup the member.
2492 	    if (*p != '.')
2493 	    {
2494 		semsg(_("E1060: expected dot after name: %s"), start);
2495 		return FAIL;
2496 	    }
2497 	    ++p;
2498 	    if (VIM_ISWHITE(*p))
2499 	    {
2500 		emsg(_("E1074: no white space allowed after dot"));
2501 		return FAIL;
2502 	    }
2503 
2504 	    idx = find_exported(import->imp_sid, &p, &name_len, &ufunc, &type);
2505 	    // TODO: what if it is a function?
2506 	    if (idx < 0)
2507 		return FAIL;
2508 	    *end = p;
2509 
2510 	    generate_VIM9SCRIPT(cctx, ISN_LOADSCRIPT,
2511 		    import->imp_sid,
2512 		    idx,
2513 		    type);
2514 	}
2515 	else
2516 	{
2517 	    // TODO: check this is a variable, not a function?
2518 	    generate_VIM9SCRIPT(cctx, ISN_LOADSCRIPT,
2519 		    import->imp_sid,
2520 		    import->imp_var_vals_idx,
2521 		    import->imp_type);
2522 	}
2523 	return OK;
2524     }
2525 
2526     if (error)
2527 	semsg(_("E1050: Item not found: %s"), name);
2528     return FAIL;
2529 }
2530 
2531     static int
2532 generate_funcref(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *name)
2533 {
2534     ufunc_T *ufunc = find_func(name, FALSE, cctx);
2535 
2536     if (ufunc == NULL)
2537 	return FAIL;
2538 
2539     return generate_PUSHFUNC(cctx, vim_strsave(name), ufunc->uf_func_type);
2540 }
2541 
2542 /*
2543  * Compile a variable name into a load instruction.
2544  * "end" points to just after the name.
2545  * When "error" is FALSE do not give an error when not found.
2546  */
2547     static int
2548 compile_load(char_u **arg, char_u *end_arg, cctx_T *cctx, int error)
2549 {
2550     type_T	*type;
2551     char_u	*name;
2552     char_u	*end = end_arg;
2553     int		res = FAIL;
2554     int		prev_called_emsg = called_emsg;
2555 
2556     if (*(*arg + 1) == ':')
2557     {
2558 	// load namespaced variable
2559 	if (end <= *arg + 2)
2560 	    name = vim_strsave((char_u *)"[empty]");
2561 	else
2562 	    name = vim_strnsave(*arg + 2, end - (*arg + 2));
2563 	if (name == NULL)
2564 	    return FAIL;
2565 
2566 	if (**arg == 'v')
2567 	{
2568 	    res = generate_LOADV(cctx, name, error);
2569 	}
2570 	else if (**arg == 'g')
2571 	{
2572 	    // Global variables can be defined later, thus we don't check if it
2573 	    // exists, give error at runtime.
2574 	    res = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADG, 0, name, &t_any);
2575 	}
2576 	else if (**arg == 's')
2577 	{
2578 	    res = compile_load_scriptvar(cctx, name, NULL, NULL, error);
2579 	}
2580 	else if (**arg == 'b')
2581 	{
2582 	    // Buffer-local variables can be defined later, thus we don't check
2583 	    // if it exists, give error at runtime.
2584 	    res = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADB, 0, name, &t_any);
2585 	}
2586 	else if (**arg == 'w')
2587 	{
2588 	    // Window-local variables can be defined later, thus we don't check
2589 	    // if it exists, give error at runtime.
2590 	    res = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADW, 0, name, &t_any);
2591 	}
2592 	else if (**arg == 't')
2593 	{
2594 	    // Tabpage-local variables can be defined later, thus we don't
2595 	    // check if it exists, give error at runtime.
2596 	    res = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADT, 0, name, &t_any);
2597 	}
2598 	else
2599 	{
2600 	    semsg("E1075: Namespace not supported: %s", *arg);
2601 	    goto theend;
2602 	}
2603     }
2604     else
2605     {
2606 	size_t	    len = end - *arg;
2607 	int	    idx;
2608 	int	    gen_load = FALSE;
2609 	int	    gen_load_outer = FALSE;
2610 
2611 	name = vim_strnsave(*arg, end - *arg);
2612 	if (name == NULL)
2613 	    return FAIL;
2614 
2615 	if (lookup_arg(*arg, len, &idx, &type, &gen_load_outer, cctx) == OK)
2616 	{
2617 	    if (!gen_load_outer)
2618 		gen_load = TRUE;
2619 	}
2620 	else
2621 	{
2622 	    lvar_T *lvar = lookup_local(*arg, len, cctx);
2623 
2624 	    if (lvar != NULL)
2625 	    {
2626 		type = lvar->lv_type;
2627 		idx = lvar->lv_idx;
2628 		if (lvar->lv_from_outer)
2629 		    gen_load_outer = TRUE;
2630 		else
2631 		    gen_load = TRUE;
2632 	    }
2633 	    else
2634 	    {
2635 		// "var" can be script-local even without using "s:" if it
2636 		// already exists.
2637 		if (SCRIPT_ITEM(current_sctx.sc_sid)->sn_version
2638 						    == SCRIPT_VERSION_VIM9
2639 			    || lookup_script(*arg, len) == OK)
2640 		   res = compile_load_scriptvar(cctx, name, *arg, &end,
2641 								    FALSE);
2642 
2643 		// When the name starts with an uppercase letter or "x:" it
2644 		// can be a user defined function.
2645 		if (res == FAIL && (ASCII_ISUPPER(*name) || name[1] == ':'))
2646 		    res = generate_funcref(cctx, name);
2647 	    }
2648 	}
2649 	if (gen_load)
2650 	    res = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOAD, idx, NULL, type);
2651 	if (gen_load_outer)
2652 	    res = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADOUTER, idx, NULL, type);
2653     }
2654 
2655     *arg = end;
2656 
2657 theend:
2658     if (res == FAIL && error && called_emsg == prev_called_emsg)
2659 	semsg(_(e_var_notfound), name);
2660     vim_free(name);
2661     return res;
2662 }
2663 
2664 /*
2665  * Compile the argument expressions.
2666  * "arg" points to just after the "(" and is advanced to after the ")"
2667  */
2668     static int
2669 compile_arguments(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, int *argcount)
2670 {
2671     char_u  *p = *arg;
2672     char_u  *whitep = *arg;
2673 
2674     for (;;)
2675     {
2676 	while (*p == NUL || (VIM_ISWHITE(*whitep) && comment_start(p)))
2677 	{
2678 	    p = next_line_from_context(cctx);
2679 	    if (p == NULL)
2680 		goto failret;
2681 	    whitep = (char_u *)" ";
2682 	    p = skipwhite(p);
2683 	}
2684 	if (*p == ')')
2685 	{
2686 	    *arg = p + 1;
2687 	    return OK;
2688 	}
2689 
2690 	if (compile_expr0(&p, cctx) == FAIL)
2691 	    return FAIL;
2692 	++*argcount;
2693 
2694 	if (*p != ',' && *skipwhite(p) == ',')
2695 	{
2696 	    semsg(_(e_no_white_before), ",");
2697 	    p = skipwhite(p);
2698 	}
2699 	if (*p == ',')
2700 	{
2701 	    ++p;
2702 	    if (*p != NUL && !VIM_ISWHITE(*p))
2703 		semsg(_(e_white_after), ",");
2704 	}
2705 	whitep = p;
2706 	p = skipwhite(p);
2707     }
2708 failret:
2709     emsg(_(e_missing_close));
2710     return FAIL;
2711 }
2712 
2713 /*
2714  * Compile a function call:  name(arg1, arg2)
2715  * "arg" points to "name", "arg + varlen" to the "(".
2716  * "argcount_init" is 1 for "value->method()"
2717  * Instructions:
2718  *	EVAL arg1
2719  *	EVAL arg2
2720  *	BCALL / DCALL / UCALL
2721  */
2722     static int
2723 compile_call(
2724 	char_u	    **arg,
2725 	size_t	    varlen,
2726 	cctx_T	    *cctx,
2727 	ppconst_T   *ppconst,
2728 	int	    argcount_init)
2729 {
2730     char_u	*name = *arg;
2731     char_u	*p;
2732     int		argcount = argcount_init;
2733     char_u	namebuf[100];
2734     char_u	fname_buf[FLEN_FIXED + 1];
2735     char_u	*tofree = NULL;
2736     int		error = FCERR_NONE;
2737     ufunc_T	*ufunc;
2738     int		res = FAIL;
2739 
2740     // we can evaluate "has('name')" at compile time
2741     if (varlen == 3 && STRNCMP(*arg, "has", 3) == 0)
2742     {
2743 	char_u	    *s = skipwhite(*arg + varlen + 1);
2744 	typval_T    argvars[2];
2745 
2746 	argvars[0].v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
2747 	if (*s == '"')
2748 	    (void)get_string_tv(&s, &argvars[0], TRUE);
2749 	else if (*s == '\'')
2750 	    (void)get_lit_string_tv(&s, &argvars[0], TRUE);
2751 	s = skipwhite(s);
2752 	if (*s == ')' && argvars[0].v_type == VAR_STRING)
2753 	{
2754 	    typval_T	*tv = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used];
2755 
2756 	    *arg = s + 1;
2757 	    argvars[1].v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
2758 	    tv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
2759 	    tv->vval.v_number = 0;
2760 	    f_has(argvars, tv);
2761 	    clear_tv(&argvars[0]);
2762 	    ++ppconst->pp_used;
2763 	    return OK;
2764 	}
2765 	clear_tv(&argvars[0]);
2766     }
2767 
2768     if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
2769 	return FAIL;
2770 
2771     if (varlen >= sizeof(namebuf))
2772     {
2773 	semsg(_("E1011: name too long: %s"), name);
2774 	return FAIL;
2775     }
2776     vim_strncpy(namebuf, *arg, varlen);
2777     name = fname_trans_sid(namebuf, fname_buf, &tofree, &error);
2778 
2779     *arg = skipwhite(*arg + varlen + 1);
2780     if (compile_arguments(arg, cctx, &argcount) == FAIL)
2781 	goto theend;
2782 
2783     if (ASCII_ISLOWER(*name) && name[1] != ':')
2784     {
2785 	int	    idx;
2786 
2787 	// builtin function
2788 	idx = find_internal_func(name);
2789 	if (idx >= 0)
2790 	    res = generate_BCALL(cctx, idx, argcount);
2791 	else
2792 	    semsg(_(e_unknownfunc), namebuf);
2793 	goto theend;
2794     }
2795 
2796     // If we can find the function by name generate the right call.
2797     ufunc = find_func(name, FALSE, cctx);
2798     if (ufunc != NULL)
2799     {
2800 	res = generate_CALL(cctx, ufunc, argcount);
2801 	goto theend;
2802     }
2803 
2804     // If the name is a variable, load it and use PCALL.
2805     // Not for g:Func(), we don't know if it is a variable or not.
2806     p = namebuf;
2807     if (STRNCMP(namebuf, "g:", 2) != 0
2808 	    && compile_load(&p, namebuf + varlen, cctx, FALSE) == OK)
2809     {
2810 	garray_T    *stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
2811 	type_T	    *type;
2812 
2813 	type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
2814 	res = generate_PCALL(cctx, argcount, namebuf, type, FALSE);
2815 	goto theend;
2816     }
2817 
2818     // A global function may be defined only later.  Need to figure out at
2819     // runtime.  Also handles a FuncRef at runtime.
2820     if (STRNCMP(namebuf, "g:", 2) == 0)
2821 	res = generate_UCALL(cctx, name, argcount);
2822     else
2823 	semsg(_(e_unknownfunc), namebuf);
2824 
2825 theend:
2826     vim_free(tofree);
2827     return res;
2828 }
2829 
2830 // like NAMESPACE_CHAR but with 'a' and 'l'.
2831 #define VIM9_NAMESPACE_CHAR	(char_u *)"bgstvw"
2832 
2833 /*
2834  * Find the end of a variable or function name.  Unlike find_name_end() this
2835  * does not recognize magic braces.
2836  * When "namespace" is TRUE recognize "b:", "s:", etc.
2837  * Return a pointer to just after the name.  Equal to "arg" if there is no
2838  * valid name.
2839  */
2840     static char_u *
2841 to_name_end(char_u *arg, int namespace)
2842 {
2843     char_u	*p;
2844 
2845     // Quick check for valid starting character.
2846     if (!eval_isnamec1(*arg))
2847 	return arg;
2848 
2849     for (p = arg + 1; *p != NUL && eval_isnamec(*p); MB_PTR_ADV(p))
2850 	// Include a namespace such as "s:var" and "v:var".  But "n:" is not
2851 	// and can be used in slice "[n:]".
2852 	if (*p == ':' && (p != arg + 1
2853 			     || !namespace
2854 			     || vim_strchr(VIM9_NAMESPACE_CHAR, *arg) == NULL))
2855 	    break;
2856     return p;
2857 }
2858 
2859 /*
2860  * Like to_name_end() but also skip over a list or dict constant.
2861  */
2862     char_u *
2863 to_name_const_end(char_u *arg)
2864 {
2865     char_u	*p = to_name_end(arg, TRUE);
2866     typval_T	rettv;
2867 
2868     if (p == arg && *arg == '[')
2869     {
2870 
2871 	// Can be "[1, 2, 3]->Func()".
2872 	if (get_list_tv(&p, &rettv, 0, FALSE) == FAIL)
2873 	    p = arg;
2874     }
2875     else if (p == arg && *arg == '#' && arg[1] == '{')
2876     {
2877 	// Can be "#{a: 1}->Func()".
2878 	++p;
2879 	if (eval_dict(&p, &rettv, 0, TRUE) == FAIL)
2880 	    p = arg;
2881     }
2882     else if (p == arg && *arg == '{')
2883     {
2884 	int	    ret = get_lambda_tv(&p, &rettv, FALSE);
2885 
2886 	// Can be "{x -> ret}()".
2887 	// Can be "{'a': 1}->Func()".
2888 	if (ret == NOTDONE)
2889 	    ret = eval_dict(&p, &rettv, 0, FALSE);
2890 	if (ret != OK)
2891 	    p = arg;
2892     }
2893 
2894     return p;
2895 }
2896 
2897 /*
2898  * parse a list: [expr, expr]
2899  * "*arg" points to the '['.
2900  */
2901     static int
2902 compile_list(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
2903 {
2904     char_u	*p = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
2905     char_u	*whitep = *arg + 1;
2906     int		count = 0;
2907 
2908     for (;;)
2909     {
2910 	while (*p == NUL || (VIM_ISWHITE(*whitep) && comment_start(p)))
2911 	{
2912 	    p = next_line_from_context(cctx);
2913 	    if (p == NULL)
2914 	    {
2915 		semsg(_(e_list_end), *arg);
2916 		return FAIL;
2917 	    }
2918 	    whitep = (char_u *)" ";
2919 	    p = skipwhite(p);
2920 	}
2921 	if (*p == ']')
2922 	{
2923 	    ++p;
2924 	    // Allow for following comment, after at least one space.
2925 	    if (VIM_ISWHITE(*p) && *skipwhite(p) == '"')
2926 		p += STRLEN(p);
2927 	    break;
2928 	}
2929 	if (compile_expr0(&p, cctx) == FAIL)
2930 	    break;
2931 	++count;
2932 	if (*p == ',')
2933 	    ++p;
2934 	whitep = p;
2935 	p = skipwhite(p);
2936     }
2937     *arg = p;
2938 
2939     generate_NEWLIST(cctx, count);
2940     return OK;
2941 }
2942 
2943 /*
2944  * parse a lambda: {arg, arg -> expr}
2945  * "*arg" points to the '{'.
2946  */
2947     static int
2948 compile_lambda(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
2949 {
2950     typval_T	rettv;
2951     ufunc_T	*ufunc;
2952 
2953     // Get the funcref in "rettv".
2954     if (get_lambda_tv(arg, &rettv, TRUE) != OK)
2955 	return FAIL;
2956 
2957     ufunc = rettv.vval.v_partial->pt_func;
2958     ++ufunc->uf_refcount;
2959     clear_tv(&rettv);
2960     ga_init2(&ufunc->uf_type_list, sizeof(type_T *), 10);
2961 
2962     // The function will have one line: "return {expr}".
2963     // Compile it into instructions.
2964     compile_def_function(ufunc, TRUE, cctx);
2965 
2966     if (ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx >= 0)
2967 	return generate_FUNCREF(cctx, ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx);
2968     return FAIL;
2969 }
2970 
2971 /*
2972  * Compile a lamda call: expr->{lambda}(args)
2973  * "arg" points to the "{".
2974  */
2975     static int
2976 compile_lambda_call(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
2977 {
2978     ufunc_T	*ufunc;
2979     typval_T	rettv;
2980     int		argcount = 1;
2981     int		ret = FAIL;
2982 
2983     // Get the funcref in "rettv".
2984     if (get_lambda_tv(arg, &rettv, TRUE) == FAIL)
2985 	return FAIL;
2986 
2987     if (**arg != '(')
2988     {
2989 	if (*skipwhite(*arg) == '(')
2990 	    emsg(_(e_nowhitespace));
2991 	else
2992 	    semsg(_(e_missing_paren), "lambda");
2993 	clear_tv(&rettv);
2994 	return FAIL;
2995     }
2996 
2997     ufunc = rettv.vval.v_partial->pt_func;
2998     ++ufunc->uf_refcount;
2999     clear_tv(&rettv);
3000     ga_init2(&ufunc->uf_type_list, sizeof(type_T *), 10);
3001 
3002     // The function will have one line: "return {expr}".
3003     // Compile it into instructions.
3004     compile_def_function(ufunc, TRUE, cctx);
3005 
3006     // compile the arguments
3007     *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
3008     if (compile_arguments(arg, cctx, &argcount) == OK)
3009 	// call the compiled function
3010 	ret = generate_CALL(cctx, ufunc, argcount);
3011 
3012     return ret;
3013 }
3014 
3015 /*
3016  * parse a dict: {'key': val} or #{key: val}
3017  * "*arg" points to the '{'.
3018  */
3019     static int
3020 compile_dict(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, int literal)
3021 {
3022     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
3023     int		count = 0;
3024     dict_T	*d = dict_alloc();
3025     dictitem_T	*item;
3026     char_u	*whitep = *arg;
3027     char_u	*p;
3028 
3029     if (d == NULL)
3030 	return FAIL;
3031     *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
3032     for (;;)
3033     {
3034 	char_u *key = NULL;
3035 
3036 	while (**arg == NUL || (literal && **arg == '"')
3037 			      || (VIM_ISWHITE(*whitep) && comment_start(*arg)))
3038 	{
3039 	    *arg = next_line_from_context(cctx);
3040 	    if (*arg == NULL)
3041 		goto failret;
3042 	    whitep = (char_u *)" ";
3043 	    *arg = skipwhite(*arg);
3044 	}
3045 
3046 	if (**arg == '}')
3047 	    break;
3048 
3049 	if (literal)
3050 	{
3051 	    char_u *end = to_name_end(*arg, !literal);
3052 
3053 	    if (end == *arg)
3054 	    {
3055 		semsg(_("E1014: Invalid key: %s"), *arg);
3056 		return FAIL;
3057 	    }
3058 	    key = vim_strnsave(*arg, end - *arg);
3059 	    if (generate_PUSHS(cctx, key) == FAIL)
3060 		return FAIL;
3061 	    *arg = end;
3062 	}
3063 	else
3064 	{
3065 	    isn_T		*isn;
3066 
3067 	    if (compile_expr0(arg, cctx) == FAIL)
3068 		return FAIL;
3069 	    // TODO: check type is string
3070 	    isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + instr->ga_len - 1;
3071 	    if (isn->isn_type == ISN_PUSHS)
3072 		key = isn->isn_arg.string;
3073 	}
3074 
3075 	// Check for duplicate keys, if using string keys.
3076 	if (key != NULL)
3077 	{
3078 	    item = dict_find(d, key, -1);
3079 	    if (item != NULL)
3080 	    {
3081 		semsg(_(e_duplicate_key), key);
3082 		goto failret;
3083 	    }
3084 	    item = dictitem_alloc(key);
3085 	    if (item != NULL)
3086 	    {
3087 		item->di_tv.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3088 		item->di_tv.v_lock = 0;
3089 		if (dict_add(d, item) == FAIL)
3090 		    dictitem_free(item);
3091 	    }
3092 	}
3093 
3094 	*arg = skipwhite(*arg);
3095 	if (**arg != ':')
3096 	{
3097 	    semsg(_(e_missing_dict_colon), *arg);
3098 	    return FAIL;
3099 	}
3100 
3101 	whitep = *arg + 1;
3102 	*arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
3103 	while (**arg == NUL || (VIM_ISWHITE(*whitep) && comment_start(*arg)))
3104 	{
3105 	    *arg = next_line_from_context(cctx);
3106 	    if (*arg == NULL)
3107 		goto failret;
3108 	    whitep = (char_u *)" ";
3109 	    *arg = skipwhite(*arg);
3110 	}
3111 
3112 	if (compile_expr0(arg, cctx) == FAIL)
3113 	    return FAIL;
3114 	++count;
3115 
3116 	whitep = *arg;
3117 	p = skipwhite(*arg);
3118 	while (*p == NUL || (VIM_ISWHITE(*whitep) && comment_start(p)))
3119 	{
3120 	    *arg = next_line_from_context(cctx);
3121 	    if (*arg == NULL)
3122 		goto failret;
3123 	    whitep = (char_u *)" ";
3124 	    *arg = skipwhite(*arg);
3125 	    p = *arg;
3126 	}
3127 	if (**arg == '}')
3128 	    break;
3129 	if (**arg != ',')
3130 	{
3131 	    semsg(_(e_missing_dict_comma), *arg);
3132 	    goto failret;
3133 	}
3134 	whitep = *arg + 1;
3135 	*arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
3136     }
3137 
3138     *arg = *arg + 1;
3139 
3140     // Allow for following comment, after at least one space.
3141     p = skipwhite(*arg);
3142     if (VIM_ISWHITE(**arg) && (*p == '"' || comment_start(p)))
3143 	*arg += STRLEN(*arg);
3144 
3145     dict_unref(d);
3146     return generate_NEWDICT(cctx, count);
3147 
3148 failret:
3149     if (*arg == NULL)
3150 	semsg(_(e_missing_dict_end), _("[end of lines]"));
3151     dict_unref(d);
3152     return FAIL;
3153 }
3154 
3155 /*
3156  * Compile "&option".
3157  */
3158     static int
3159 compile_get_option(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
3160 {
3161     typval_T	rettv;
3162     char_u	*start = *arg;
3163     int		ret;
3164 
3165     // parse the option and get the current value to get the type.
3166     rettv.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3167     ret = get_option_tv(arg, &rettv, TRUE);
3168     if (ret == OK)
3169     {
3170 	// include the '&' in the name, get_option_tv() expects it.
3171 	char_u *name = vim_strnsave(start, *arg - start);
3172 	type_T	*type = rettv.v_type == VAR_NUMBER ? &t_number : &t_string;
3173 
3174 	ret = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADOPT, 0, name, type);
3175 	vim_free(name);
3176     }
3177     clear_tv(&rettv);
3178 
3179     return ret;
3180 }
3181 
3182 /*
3183  * Compile "$VAR".
3184  */
3185     static int
3186 compile_get_env(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
3187 {
3188     char_u	*start = *arg;
3189     int		len;
3190     int		ret;
3191     char_u	*name;
3192 
3193     ++*arg;
3194     len = get_env_len(arg);
3195     if (len == 0)
3196     {
3197 	semsg(_(e_syntax_at), start - 1);
3198 	return FAIL;
3199     }
3200 
3201     // include the '$' in the name, get_env_tv() expects it.
3202     name = vim_strnsave(start, len + 1);
3203     ret = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADENV, 0, name, &t_string);
3204     vim_free(name);
3205     return ret;
3206 }
3207 
3208 /*
3209  * Compile "@r".
3210  */
3211     static int
3212 compile_get_register(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
3213 {
3214     int		ret;
3215 
3216     ++*arg;
3217     if (**arg == NUL)
3218     {
3219 	semsg(_(e_syntax_at), *arg - 1);
3220 	return FAIL;
3221     }
3222     if (!valid_yank_reg(**arg, TRUE))
3223     {
3224 	emsg_invreg(**arg);
3225 	return FAIL;
3226     }
3227     ret = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADREG, **arg, NULL, &t_string);
3228     ++*arg;
3229     return ret;
3230 }
3231 
3232 /*
3233  * Apply leading '!', '-' and '+' to constant "rettv".
3234  */
3235     static int
3236 apply_leader(typval_T *rettv, char_u *start, char_u *end)
3237 {
3238     char_u *p = end;
3239 
3240     // this works from end to start
3241     while (p > start)
3242     {
3243 	--p;
3244 	if (*p == '-' || *p == '+')
3245 	{
3246 	    // only '-' has an effect, for '+' we only check the type
3247 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3248 	    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3249 	    {
3250 		if (*p == '-')
3251 		    rettv->vval.v_float = -rettv->vval.v_float;
3252 	    }
3253 	    else
3254 #endif
3255 	    {
3256 		varnumber_T	val;
3257 		int		error = FALSE;
3258 
3259 		// tv_get_number_chk() accepts a string, but we don't want that
3260 		// here
3261 		if (check_not_string(rettv) == FAIL)
3262 		    return FAIL;
3263 		val = tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
3264 		clear_tv(rettv);
3265 		if (error)
3266 		    return FAIL;
3267 		if (*p == '-')
3268 		    val = -val;
3269 		rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
3270 		rettv->vval.v_number = val;
3271 	    }
3272 	}
3273 	else
3274 	{
3275 	    int v = tv2bool(rettv);
3276 
3277 	    // '!' is permissive in the type.
3278 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3279 	    rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3280 	    rettv->vval.v_number = v ? VVAL_FALSE : VVAL_TRUE;
3281 	}
3282     }
3283     return OK;
3284 }
3285 
3286 /*
3287  * Recognize v: variables that are constants and set "rettv".
3288  */
3289     static void
3290 get_vim_constant(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv)
3291 {
3292     if (STRNCMP(*arg, "v:true", 6) == 0)
3293     {
3294 	rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3295 	rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_TRUE;
3296 	*arg += 6;
3297     }
3298     else if (STRNCMP(*arg, "v:false", 7) == 0)
3299     {
3300 	rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3301 	rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_FALSE;
3302 	*arg += 7;
3303     }
3304     else if (STRNCMP(*arg, "v:null", 6) == 0)
3305     {
3306 	rettv->v_type = VAR_SPECIAL;
3307 	rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_NULL;
3308 	*arg += 6;
3309     }
3310     else if (STRNCMP(*arg, "v:none", 6) == 0)
3311     {
3312 	rettv->v_type = VAR_SPECIAL;
3313 	rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_NONE;
3314 	*arg += 6;
3315     }
3316 }
3317 
3318     static exptype_T
3319 get_compare_type(char_u *p, int *len, int *type_is)
3320 {
3321     exptype_T	type = EXPR_UNKNOWN;
3322     int		i;
3323 
3324     switch (p[0])
3325     {
3326 	case '=':   if (p[1] == '=')
3327 			type = EXPR_EQUAL;
3328 		    else if (p[1] == '~')
3329 			type = EXPR_MATCH;
3330 		    break;
3331 	case '!':   if (p[1] == '=')
3332 			type = EXPR_NEQUAL;
3333 		    else if (p[1] == '~')
3334 			type = EXPR_NOMATCH;
3335 		    break;
3336 	case '>':   if (p[1] != '=')
3337 		    {
3338 			type = EXPR_GREATER;
3339 			*len = 1;
3340 		    }
3341 		    else
3342 			type = EXPR_GEQUAL;
3343 		    break;
3344 	case '<':   if (p[1] != '=')
3345 		    {
3346 			type = EXPR_SMALLER;
3347 			*len = 1;
3348 		    }
3349 		    else
3350 			type = EXPR_SEQUAL;
3351 		    break;
3352 	case 'i':   if (p[1] == 's')
3353 		    {
3354 			// "is" and "isnot"; but not a prefix of a name
3355 			if (p[2] == 'n' && p[3] == 'o' && p[4] == 't')
3356 			    *len = 5;
3357 			i = p[*len];
3358 			if (!isalnum(i) && i != '_')
3359 			{
3360 			    type = *len == 2 ? EXPR_IS : EXPR_ISNOT;
3361 			    *type_is = TRUE;
3362 			}
3363 		    }
3364 		    break;
3365     }
3366     return type;
3367 }
3368 
3369 /*
3370  * Compile code to apply '-', '+' and '!'.
3371  */
3372     static int
3373 compile_leader(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *start, char_u *end)
3374 {
3375     char_u	*p = end;
3376 
3377     // this works from end to start
3378     while (p > start)
3379     {
3380 	--p;
3381 	if (*p == '-' || *p == '+')
3382 	{
3383 	    int	    negate = *p == '-';
3384 	    isn_T   *isn;
3385 
3386 	    // TODO: check type
3387 	    while (p > start && (p[-1] == '-' || p[-1] == '+'))
3388 	    {
3389 		--p;
3390 		if (*p == '-')
3391 		    negate = !negate;
3392 	    }
3393 	    // only '-' has an effect, for '+' we only check the type
3394 	    if (negate)
3395 		isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_NEGATENR);
3396 	    else
3397 		isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_CHECKNR);
3398 	    if (isn == NULL)
3399 		return FAIL;
3400 	}
3401 	else
3402 	{
3403 	    int  invert = TRUE;
3404 
3405 	    while (p > start && p[-1] == '!')
3406 	    {
3407 		--p;
3408 		invert = !invert;
3409 	    }
3410 	    if (generate_2BOOL(cctx, invert) == FAIL)
3411 		return FAIL;
3412 	}
3413     }
3414     return OK;
3415 }
3416 
3417 /*
3418  * Compile whatever comes after "name" or "name()".
3419  */
3420     static int
3421 compile_subscript(
3422 	char_u **arg,
3423 	cctx_T *cctx,
3424 	char_u **start_leader,
3425 	char_u *end_leader,
3426 	ppconst_T *ppconst)
3427 {
3428     for (;;)
3429     {
3430 	if (**arg == '(')
3431 	{
3432 	    garray_T    *stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
3433 	    type_T	*type;
3434 	    int		argcount = 0;
3435 
3436 	    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
3437 		return FAIL;
3438 
3439 	    // funcref(arg)
3440 	    type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
3441 
3442 	    *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
3443 	    if (compile_arguments(arg, cctx, &argcount) == FAIL)
3444 		return FAIL;
3445 	    if (generate_PCALL(cctx, argcount, end_leader, type, TRUE) == FAIL)
3446 		return FAIL;
3447 	}
3448 	else if (**arg == '-' && (*arg)[1] == '>')
3449 	{
3450 	    char_u *p;
3451 
3452 	    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
3453 		return FAIL;
3454 
3455 	    // something->method()
3456 	    // Apply the '!', '-' and '+' first:
3457 	    //   -1.0->func() works like (-1.0)->func()
3458 	    if (compile_leader(cctx, *start_leader, end_leader) == FAIL)
3459 		return FAIL;
3460 	    *start_leader = end_leader;   // don't apply again later
3461 
3462 	    *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 2);
3463 	    if (**arg == '{')
3464 	    {
3465 		// lambda call:  list->{lambda}
3466 		if (compile_lambda_call(arg, cctx) == FAIL)
3467 		    return FAIL;
3468 	    }
3469 	    else
3470 	    {
3471 		// method call:  list->method()
3472 		p = *arg;
3473 		if (ASCII_ISALPHA(*p) && p[1] == ':')
3474 		    p += 2;
3475 		for ( ; eval_isnamec1(*p); ++p)
3476 		    ;
3477 		if (*p != '(')
3478 		{
3479 		    semsg(_(e_missing_paren), *arg);
3480 		    return FAIL;
3481 		}
3482 		// TODO: base value may not be the first argument
3483 		if (compile_call(arg, p - *arg, cctx, ppconst, 1) == FAIL)
3484 		    return FAIL;
3485 	    }
3486 	}
3487 	else if (**arg == '[')
3488 	{
3489 	    garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
3490 	    type_T	**typep;
3491 
3492 	    // list index: list[123]
3493 	    // dict member: dict[key]
3494 	    // TODO: blob index
3495 	    // TODO: more arguments
3496 	    // TODO: recognize list or dict at runtime
3497 	    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
3498 		return FAIL;
3499 
3500 	    *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
3501 	    if (compile_expr0(arg, cctx) == FAIL)
3502 		return FAIL;
3503 
3504 	    if (**arg != ']')
3505 	    {
3506 		emsg(_(e_missbrac));
3507 		return FAIL;
3508 	    }
3509 	    *arg = *arg + 1;
3510 
3511 	    typep = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data) + stack->ga_len - 2;
3512 	    if ((*typep)->tt_type == VAR_LIST || (*typep) == &t_any)
3513 	    {
3514 		if ((*typep)->tt_type == VAR_LIST)
3515 		    *typep = (*typep)->tt_member;
3516 		if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_INDEX, 1) == FAIL)
3517 		    return FAIL;
3518 	    }
3519 	    else if ((*typep)->tt_type == VAR_DICT)
3520 	    {
3521 		*typep = (*typep)->tt_member;
3522 		if (may_generate_2STRING(-1, cctx) == FAIL)
3523 		    return FAIL;
3524 		if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_MEMBER, 1) == FAIL)
3525 		    return FAIL;
3526 	    }
3527 	    else
3528 	    {
3529 		emsg(_(e_listdictblobreq));
3530 		return FAIL;
3531 	    }
3532 	}
3533 	else if (**arg == '.' && (*arg)[1] != '.')
3534 	{
3535 	    char_u *p;
3536 
3537 	    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
3538 		return FAIL;
3539 
3540 	    ++*arg;
3541 	    p = *arg;
3542 	    // dictionary member: dict.name
3543 	    if (eval_isnamec1(*p))
3544 		while (eval_isnamec(*p))
3545 		    MB_PTR_ADV(p);
3546 	    if (p == *arg)
3547 	    {
3548 		semsg(_(e_syntax_at), *arg);
3549 		return FAIL;
3550 	    }
3551 	    if (generate_STRINGMEMBER(cctx, *arg, p - *arg) == FAIL)
3552 		return FAIL;
3553 	    *arg = p;
3554 	}
3555 	else
3556 	    break;
3557     }
3558 
3559     // TODO - see handle_subscript():
3560     // Turn "dict.Func" into a partial for "Func" bound to "dict".
3561     // Don't do this when "Func" is already a partial that was bound
3562     // explicitly (pt_auto is FALSE).
3563 
3564     return OK;
3565 }
3566 
3567 /*
3568  * Compile an expression at "*arg" and add instructions to "cctx->ctx_instr".
3569  * "arg" is advanced until after the expression, skipping white space.
3570  *
3571  * If the value is a constant "ppconst->pp_ret" will be set.
3572  * Before instructions are generated, any values in "ppconst" will generated.
3573  *
3574  * This is the compiling equivalent of eval1(), eval2(), etc.
3575  */
3576 
3577 /*
3578  *  number		number constant
3579  *  0zFFFFFFFF		Blob constant
3580  *  "string"		string constant
3581  *  'string'		literal string constant
3582  *  &option-name	option value
3583  *  @r			register contents
3584  *  identifier		variable value
3585  *  function()		function call
3586  *  $VAR		environment variable
3587  *  (expression)	nested expression
3588  *  [expr, expr]	List
3589  *  {key: val, key: val}   Dictionary
3590  *  #{key: val, key: val}  Dictionary with literal keys
3591  *
3592  *  Also handle:
3593  *  ! in front		logical NOT
3594  *  - in front		unary minus
3595  *  + in front		unary plus (ignored)
3596  *  trailing (arg)	funcref/partial call
3597  *  trailing []		subscript in String or List
3598  *  trailing .name	entry in Dictionary
3599  *  trailing ->name()	method call
3600  */
3601     static int
3602 compile_expr7(
3603 	char_u **arg,
3604 	cctx_T *cctx,
3605 	ppconst_T *ppconst)
3606 {
3607     char_u	*start_leader, *end_leader;
3608     int		ret = OK;
3609     typval_T	*rettv = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used];
3610     int		used_before = ppconst->pp_used;
3611 
3612     /*
3613      * Skip '!', '-' and '+' characters.  They are handled later.
3614      */
3615     start_leader = *arg;
3616     while (**arg == '!' || **arg == '-' || **arg == '+')
3617 	*arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
3618     end_leader = *arg;
3619 
3620     rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3621     switch (**arg)
3622     {
3623 	/*
3624 	 * Number constant.
3625 	 */
3626 	case '0':	// also for blob starting with 0z
3627 	case '1':
3628 	case '2':
3629 	case '3':
3630 	case '4':
3631 	case '5':
3632 	case '6':
3633 	case '7':
3634 	case '8':
3635 	case '9':
3636 	case '.':   if (get_number_tv(arg, rettv, TRUE, FALSE) == FAIL)
3637 			return FAIL;
3638 		    break;
3639 
3640 	/*
3641 	 * String constant: "string".
3642 	 */
3643 	case '"':   if (get_string_tv(arg, rettv, TRUE) == FAIL)
3644 			return FAIL;
3645 		    break;
3646 
3647 	/*
3648 	 * Literal string constant: 'str''ing'.
3649 	 */
3650 	case '\'':  if (get_lit_string_tv(arg, rettv, TRUE) == FAIL)
3651 			return FAIL;
3652 		    break;
3653 
3654 	/*
3655 	 * Constant Vim variable.
3656 	 */
3657 	case 'v':   get_vim_constant(arg, rettv);
3658 		    ret = NOTDONE;
3659 		    break;
3660 
3661 	/*
3662 	 * "true" constant
3663 	 */
3664 	case 't':   if (STRNCMP(*arg, "true", 4) == 0
3665 						   && !eval_isnamec((*arg)[4]))
3666 		    {
3667 			*arg += 4;
3668 			rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3669 			rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_TRUE;
3670 		    }
3671 		    else
3672 			ret = NOTDONE;
3673 		    break;
3674 
3675 	/*
3676 	 * "false" constant
3677 	 */
3678 	case 'f':   if (STRNCMP(*arg, "false", 5) == 0
3679 						   && !eval_isnamec((*arg)[5]))
3680 		    {
3681 			*arg += 5;
3682 			rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3683 			rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_FALSE;
3684 		    }
3685 		    else
3686 			ret = NOTDONE;
3687 		    break;
3688 
3689 	/*
3690 	 * List: [expr, expr]
3691 	 */
3692 	case '[':   ret = compile_list(arg, cctx);
3693 		    break;
3694 
3695 	/*
3696 	 * Dictionary: #{key: val, key: val}
3697 	 */
3698 	case '#':   if ((*arg)[1] == '{')
3699 		    {
3700 			++*arg;
3701 			ret = compile_dict(arg, cctx, TRUE);
3702 		    }
3703 		    else
3704 			ret = NOTDONE;
3705 		    break;
3706 
3707 	/*
3708 	 * Lambda: {arg, arg -> expr}
3709 	 * Dictionary: {'key': val, 'key': val}
3710 	 */
3711 	case '{':   {
3712 			char_u *start = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
3713 
3714 			// Find out what comes after the arguments.
3715 			// TODO: pass getline function
3716 			ret = get_function_args(&start, '-', NULL,
3717 					   NULL, NULL, NULL, TRUE, NULL, NULL);
3718 			if (ret != FAIL && *start == '>')
3719 			    ret = compile_lambda(arg, cctx);
3720 			else
3721 			    ret = compile_dict(arg, cctx, FALSE);
3722 		    }
3723 		    break;
3724 
3725 	/*
3726 	 * Option value: &name
3727 	 */
3728 	case '&':	ret = compile_get_option(arg, cctx);
3729 			break;
3730 
3731 	/*
3732 	 * Environment variable: $VAR.
3733 	 */
3734 	case '$':	ret = compile_get_env(arg, cctx);
3735 			break;
3736 
3737 	/*
3738 	 * Register contents: @r.
3739 	 */
3740 	case '@':	ret = compile_get_register(arg, cctx);
3741 			break;
3742 	/*
3743 	 * nested expression: (expression).
3744 	 */
3745 	case '(':   *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
3746 
3747 		    // recursive!
3748 		    if (ppconst->pp_used <= PPSIZE - 10)
3749 		    {
3750 			ret = compile_expr1(arg, cctx, ppconst);
3751 		    }
3752 		    else
3753 		    {
3754 			// Not enough space in ppconst, flush constants.
3755 			if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
3756 			    return FAIL;
3757 			ret = compile_expr0(arg, cctx);
3758 		    }
3759 		    *arg = skipwhite(*arg);
3760 		    if (**arg == ')')
3761 			++*arg;
3762 		    else if (ret == OK)
3763 		    {
3764 			emsg(_(e_missing_close));
3765 			ret = FAIL;
3766 		    }
3767 		    break;
3768 
3769 	default:    ret = NOTDONE;
3770 		    break;
3771     }
3772     if (ret == FAIL)
3773 	return FAIL;
3774 
3775     if (rettv->v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN && used_before == ppconst->pp_used)
3776     {
3777 	// apply the '!', '-' and '+' before the constant
3778 	if (apply_leader(rettv, start_leader, end_leader) == FAIL)
3779 	{
3780 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3781 	    return FAIL;
3782 	}
3783 	start_leader = end_leader;   // don't apply again below
3784 
3785 	if (cctx->ctx_skip == TRUE)
3786 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3787 	else
3788 	    // A constant expression can possibly be handled compile time,
3789 	    // return the value instead of generating code.
3790 	    ++ppconst->pp_used;
3791     }
3792     else if (ret == NOTDONE)
3793     {
3794 	char_u	    *p;
3795 	int	    r;
3796 
3797 	if (!eval_isnamec1(**arg))
3798 	{
3799 	    semsg(_("E1015: Name expected: %s"), *arg);
3800 	    return FAIL;
3801 	}
3802 
3803 	// "name" or "name()"
3804 	p = to_name_end(*arg, TRUE);
3805 	if (*p == '(')
3806 	{
3807 	    r = compile_call(arg, p - *arg, cctx, ppconst, 0);
3808 	}
3809 	else
3810 	{
3811 	    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
3812 		return FAIL;
3813 	    r = compile_load(arg, p, cctx, TRUE);
3814 	}
3815 	if (r == FAIL)
3816 	    return FAIL;
3817     }
3818 
3819     // Handle following "[]", ".member", etc.
3820     // Then deal with prefixed '-', '+' and '!', if not done already.
3821     if (compile_subscript(arg, cctx, &start_leader, end_leader,
3822 							     ppconst) == FAIL)
3823 	return FAIL;
3824     if (ppconst->pp_used > 0)
3825     {
3826 	// apply the '!', '-' and '+' before the constant
3827 	rettv = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used - 1];
3828 	if (apply_leader(rettv, start_leader, end_leader) == FAIL)
3829 	    return FAIL;
3830 	return OK;
3831     }
3832     if (compile_leader(cctx, start_leader, end_leader) == FAIL)
3833 	return FAIL;
3834     return OK;
3835 }
3836 
3837 /*
3838  *	*	number multiplication
3839  *	/	number division
3840  *	%	number modulo
3841  */
3842     static int
3843 compile_expr6(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
3844 {
3845     char_u	*op;
3846     int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
3847 
3848     // get the first expression
3849     if (compile_expr7(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
3850 	return FAIL;
3851 
3852     /*
3853      * Repeat computing, until no "*", "/" or "%" is following.
3854      */
3855     for (;;)
3856     {
3857 	op = skipwhite(*arg);
3858 	if (*op != '*' && *op != '/' && *op != '%')
3859 	    break;
3860 
3861 	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(op[1]))
3862 	{
3863 	    char_u buf[3];
3864 
3865 	    vim_strncpy(buf, op, 1);
3866 	    semsg(_(e_white_both), buf);
3867 	    return FAIL;
3868 	}
3869 	*arg = skipwhite(op + 1);
3870 	if (may_get_next_line(op + 1, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
3871 	    return FAIL;
3872 
3873 	// get the second expression
3874 	if (compile_expr7(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
3875 	    return FAIL;
3876 
3877 	if (ppconst->pp_used == ppconst_used + 2
3878 		&& ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used].v_type == VAR_NUMBER
3879 		&& ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used + 1].v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
3880 	{
3881 	    typval_T *tv1 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used];
3882 	    typval_T *tv2 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used + 1];
3883 	    varnumber_T res = 0;
3884 
3885 	    // both are numbers: compute the result
3886 	    switch (*op)
3887 	    {
3888 		case '*': res = tv1->vval.v_number * tv2->vval.v_number;
3889 			  break;
3890 		case '/': res = tv1->vval.v_number / tv2->vval.v_number;
3891 			  break;
3892 		case '%': res = tv1->vval.v_number % tv2->vval.v_number;
3893 			  break;
3894 	    }
3895 	    tv1->vval.v_number = res;
3896 	    --ppconst->pp_used;
3897 	}
3898 	else
3899 	{
3900 	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
3901 	    generate_two_op(cctx, op);
3902 	}
3903     }
3904 
3905     return OK;
3906 }
3907 
3908 /*
3909  *      +	number addition
3910  *      -	number subtraction
3911  *      ..	string concatenation
3912  */
3913     static int
3914 compile_expr5(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
3915 {
3916     char_u	*op;
3917     int		oplen;
3918     int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
3919 
3920     // get the first variable
3921     if (compile_expr6(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
3922 	return FAIL;
3923 
3924     /*
3925      * Repeat computing, until no "+", "-" or ".." is following.
3926      */
3927     for (;;)
3928     {
3929 	op = skipwhite(*arg);
3930 	if (*op != '+' && *op != '-' && !(*op == '.' && (*(*arg + 1) == '.')))
3931 	    break;
3932 	oplen = (*op == '.' ? 2 : 1);
3933 
3934 	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(op[oplen]))
3935 	{
3936 	    char_u buf[3];
3937 
3938 	    vim_strncpy(buf, op, oplen);
3939 	    semsg(_(e_white_both), buf);
3940 	    return FAIL;
3941 	}
3942 
3943 	*arg = skipwhite(op + oplen);
3944 	if (may_get_next_line(op + oplen, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
3945 	    return FAIL;
3946 
3947 	// get the second expression
3948 	if (compile_expr6(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
3949 	    return FAIL;
3950 
3951 	if (ppconst->pp_used == ppconst_used + 2
3952 		&& (*op == '.'
3953 		    ? (ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used].v_type == VAR_STRING
3954 		    && ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used + 1].v_type == VAR_STRING)
3955 		    : (ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used].v_type == VAR_NUMBER
3956 		    && ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used + 1].v_type == VAR_NUMBER)))
3957 	{
3958 	    typval_T *tv1 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used];
3959 	    typval_T *tv2 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used + 1];
3960 
3961 	    // concat/subtract/add constant numbers
3962 	    if (*op == '+')
3963 		tv1->vval.v_number = tv1->vval.v_number + tv2->vval.v_number;
3964 	    else if (*op == '-')
3965 		tv1->vval.v_number = tv1->vval.v_number - tv2->vval.v_number;
3966 	    else
3967 	    {
3968 		// concatenate constant strings
3969 		char_u *s1 = tv1->vval.v_string;
3970 		char_u *s2 = tv2->vval.v_string;
3971 		size_t len1 = STRLEN(s1);
3972 
3973 		tv1->vval.v_string = alloc((int)(len1 + STRLEN(s2) + 1));
3974 		if (tv1->vval.v_string == NULL)
3975 		{
3976 		    clear_ppconst(ppconst);
3977 		    return FAIL;
3978 		}
3979 		mch_memmove(tv1->vval.v_string, s1, len1);
3980 		STRCPY(tv1->vval.v_string + len1, s2);
3981 		vim_free(s1);
3982 		vim_free(s2);
3983 	    }
3984 	    --ppconst->pp_used;
3985 	}
3986 	else
3987 	{
3988 	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
3989 	    if (*op == '.')
3990 	    {
3991 		if (may_generate_2STRING(-2, cctx) == FAIL
3992 			|| may_generate_2STRING(-1, cctx) == FAIL)
3993 		    return FAIL;
3994 		generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_CONCAT, 1);
3995 	    }
3996 	    else
3997 		generate_two_op(cctx, op);
3998 	}
3999     }
4000 
4001     return OK;
4002 }
4003 
4004 /*
4005  * expr5a == expr5b
4006  * expr5a =~ expr5b
4007  * expr5a != expr5b
4008  * expr5a !~ expr5b
4009  * expr5a > expr5b
4010  * expr5a >= expr5b
4011  * expr5a < expr5b
4012  * expr5a <= expr5b
4013  * expr5a is expr5b
4014  * expr5a isnot expr5b
4015  *
4016  * Produces instructions:
4017  *	EVAL expr5a		Push result of "expr5a"
4018  *	EVAL expr5b		Push result of "expr5b"
4019  *	COMPARE			one of the compare instructions
4020  */
4021     static int
4022 compile_expr4(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
4023 {
4024     exptype_T	type = EXPR_UNKNOWN;
4025     char_u	*p;
4026     int		len = 2;
4027     int		type_is = FALSE;
4028     int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
4029 
4030     // get the first variable
4031     if (compile_expr5(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
4032 	return FAIL;
4033 
4034     p = skipwhite(*arg);
4035     type = get_compare_type(p, &len, &type_is);
4036 
4037     /*
4038      * If there is a comparative operator, use it.
4039      */
4040     if (type != EXPR_UNKNOWN)
4041     {
4042 	int ic = FALSE;  // Default: do not ignore case
4043 
4044 	if (type_is && (p[len] == '?' || p[len] == '#'))
4045 	{
4046 	    semsg(_(e_invexpr2), *arg);
4047 	    return FAIL;
4048 	}
4049 	// extra question mark appended: ignore case
4050 	if (p[len] == '?')
4051 	{
4052 	    ic = TRUE;
4053 	    ++len;
4054 	}
4055 	// extra '#' appended: match case (ignored)
4056 	else if (p[len] == '#')
4057 	    ++len;
4058 	// nothing appended: match case
4059 
4060 	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[len]))
4061 	{
4062 	    char_u buf[7];
4063 
4064 	    vim_strncpy(buf, p, len);
4065 	    semsg(_(e_white_both), buf);
4066 	    return FAIL;
4067 	}
4068 
4069 	// get the second variable
4070 	*arg = skipwhite(p + len);
4071 	if (may_get_next_line(p + len, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
4072 	    return FAIL;
4073 
4074 	if (compile_expr5(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
4075 	    return FAIL;
4076 
4077 	if (ppconst->pp_used == ppconst_used + 2)
4078 	{
4079 	    typval_T *	tv1 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used - 2];
4080 	    typval_T	*tv2 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used - 1];
4081 	    int		ret;
4082 
4083 	    // Both sides are a constant, compute the result now.
4084 	    // First check for a valid combination of types, this is more
4085 	    // strict than typval_compare().
4086 	    if (get_compare_isn(type, tv1->v_type, tv2->v_type) == ISN_DROP)
4087 		ret = FAIL;
4088 	    else
4089 	    {
4090 		ret = typval_compare(tv1, tv2, type, ic);
4091 		tv1->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
4092 		tv1->vval.v_number = tv1->vval.v_number
4093 						      ? VVAL_TRUE : VVAL_FALSE;
4094 		clear_tv(tv2);
4095 		--ppconst->pp_used;
4096 	    }
4097 	    return ret;
4098 	}
4099 
4100 	generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
4101 	return generate_COMPARE(cctx, type, ic);
4102     }
4103 
4104     return OK;
4105 }
4106 
4107 static int compile_expr3(char_u **arg,  cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst);
4108 
4109 /*
4110  * Compile || or &&.
4111  */
4112     static int
4113 compile_and_or(
4114 	char_u **arg,
4115 	cctx_T	*cctx,
4116 	char	*op,
4117 	ppconst_T *ppconst,
4118 	int	ppconst_used UNUSED)
4119 {
4120     char_u	*p = skipwhite(*arg);
4121     int		opchar = *op;
4122 
4123     if (p[0] == opchar && p[1] == opchar)
4124     {
4125 	garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
4126 	garray_T	end_ga;
4127 
4128 	/*
4129 	 * Repeat until there is no following "||" or "&&"
4130 	 */
4131 	ga_init2(&end_ga, sizeof(int), 10);
4132 	while (p[0] == opchar && p[1] == opchar)
4133 	{
4134 	    if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[2]))
4135 	    {
4136 		semsg(_(e_white_both), op);
4137 		return FAIL;
4138 	    }
4139 
4140 	    // TODO: use ppconst if the value is a constant
4141 	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
4142 
4143 	    if (ga_grow(&end_ga, 1) == FAIL)
4144 	    {
4145 		ga_clear(&end_ga);
4146 		return FAIL;
4147 	    }
4148 	    *(((int *)end_ga.ga_data) + end_ga.ga_len) = instr->ga_len;
4149 	    ++end_ga.ga_len;
4150 	    generate_JUMP(cctx, opchar == '|'
4151 			 ?  JUMP_AND_KEEP_IF_TRUE : JUMP_AND_KEEP_IF_FALSE, 0);
4152 
4153 	    // eval the next expression
4154 	    *arg = skipwhite(p + 2);
4155 	    if (may_get_next_line(p + 2, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
4156 		return FAIL;
4157 
4158 	    if ((opchar == '|' ? compile_expr3(arg, cctx, ppconst)
4159 				  : compile_expr4(arg, cctx, ppconst)) == FAIL)
4160 	    {
4161 		ga_clear(&end_ga);
4162 		return FAIL;
4163 	    }
4164 	    p = skipwhite(*arg);
4165 	}
4166 	generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
4167 
4168 	// Fill in the end label in all jumps.
4169 	while (end_ga.ga_len > 0)
4170 	{
4171 	    isn_T	*isn;
4172 
4173 	    --end_ga.ga_len;
4174 	    isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data)
4175 				  + *(((int *)end_ga.ga_data) + end_ga.ga_len);
4176 	    isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
4177 	}
4178 	ga_clear(&end_ga);
4179     }
4180 
4181     return OK;
4182 }
4183 
4184 /*
4185  * expr4a && expr4a && expr4a	    logical AND
4186  *
4187  * Produces instructions:
4188  *	EVAL expr4a		Push result of "expr4a"
4189  *	JUMP_AND_KEEP_IF_FALSE end
4190  *	EVAL expr4b		Push result of "expr4b"
4191  *	JUMP_AND_KEEP_IF_FALSE end
4192  *	EVAL expr4c		Push result of "expr4c"
4193  * end:
4194  */
4195     static int
4196 compile_expr3(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
4197 {
4198     int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
4199 
4200     // get the first variable
4201     if (compile_expr4(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
4202 	return FAIL;
4203 
4204     // || and && work almost the same
4205     return compile_and_or(arg, cctx, "&&", ppconst, ppconst_used);
4206 }
4207 
4208 /*
4209  * expr3a || expr3b || expr3c	    logical OR
4210  *
4211  * Produces instructions:
4212  *	EVAL expr3a		Push result of "expr3a"
4213  *	JUMP_AND_KEEP_IF_TRUE end
4214  *	EVAL expr3b		Push result of "expr3b"
4215  *	JUMP_AND_KEEP_IF_TRUE end
4216  *	EVAL expr3c		Push result of "expr3c"
4217  * end:
4218  */
4219     static int
4220 compile_expr2(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
4221 {
4222     int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
4223 
4224     // eval the first expression
4225     if (compile_expr3(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
4226 	return FAIL;
4227 
4228     // || and && work almost the same
4229     return compile_and_or(arg, cctx, "||", ppconst, ppconst_used);
4230 }
4231 
4232 /*
4233  * Toplevel expression: expr2 ? expr1a : expr1b
4234  *
4235  * Produces instructions:
4236  *	EVAL expr2		Push result of "expr"
4237  *      JUMP_IF_FALSE alt	jump if false
4238  *      EVAL expr1a
4239  *      JUMP_ALWAYS end
4240  * alt:	EVAL expr1b
4241  * end:
4242  */
4243     static int
4244 compile_expr1(char_u **arg,  cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
4245 {
4246     char_u	*p;
4247     int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
4248 
4249     // Evaluate the first expression.
4250     if (compile_expr2(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
4251 	return FAIL;
4252 
4253     p = skipwhite(*arg);
4254     if (*p == '?')
4255     {
4256 	garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
4257 	garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
4258 	int		alt_idx = instr->ga_len;
4259 	int		end_idx;
4260 	isn_T		*isn;
4261 	type_T		*type1;
4262 	type_T		*type2;
4263 	int		has_const_expr = FALSE;
4264 	int		const_value = FALSE;
4265 	int		save_skip = cctx->ctx_skip;
4266 
4267 	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[1]))
4268 	{
4269 	    semsg(_(e_white_both), "?");
4270 	    return FAIL;
4271 	}
4272 
4273 	if (ppconst->pp_used == ppconst_used + 1)
4274 	{
4275 	    // the condition is a constant, we know whether the ? or the :
4276 	    // expression is to be evaluated.
4277 	    has_const_expr = TRUE;
4278 	    const_value = tv2bool(&ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used]);
4279 	    clear_tv(&ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used]);
4280 	    --ppconst->pp_used;
4281 	    cctx->ctx_skip = save_skip == TRUE || !const_value;
4282 	}
4283 	else
4284 	{
4285 	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
4286 	    generate_JUMP(cctx, JUMP_IF_FALSE, 0);
4287 	}
4288 
4289 	// evaluate the second expression; any type is accepted
4290 	*arg = skipwhite(p + 1);
4291 	if (may_get_next_line(p + 1, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
4292 	    return FAIL;
4293 	if (compile_expr1(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
4294 	    return FAIL;
4295 
4296 	if (!has_const_expr)
4297 	{
4298 	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
4299 
4300 	    // remember the type and drop it
4301 	    --stack->ga_len;
4302 	    type1 = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len];
4303 
4304 	    end_idx = instr->ga_len;
4305 	    generate_JUMP(cctx, JUMP_ALWAYS, 0);
4306 
4307 	    // jump here from JUMP_IF_FALSE
4308 	    isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + alt_idx;
4309 	    isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
4310 	}
4311 
4312 	// Check for the ":".
4313 	p = skipwhite(*arg);
4314 	if (*p != ':')
4315 	{
4316 	    emsg(_(e_missing_colon));
4317 	    return FAIL;
4318 	}
4319 	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[1]))
4320 	{
4321 	    semsg(_(e_white_both), ":");
4322 	    return FAIL;
4323 	}
4324 
4325 	// evaluate the third expression
4326 	if (has_const_expr)
4327 	    cctx->ctx_skip = save_skip == TRUE || const_value;
4328 	*arg = skipwhite(p + 1);
4329 	if (may_get_next_line(p + 1, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
4330 	    return FAIL;
4331 	if (compile_expr1(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
4332 	    return FAIL;
4333 
4334 	if (!has_const_expr)
4335 	{
4336 	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
4337 
4338 	    // If the types differ, the result has a more generic type.
4339 	    type2 = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
4340 	    common_type(type1, type2, &type2, cctx->ctx_type_list);
4341 
4342 	    // jump here from JUMP_ALWAYS
4343 	    isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + end_idx;
4344 	    isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
4345 	}
4346 
4347 	cctx->ctx_skip = save_skip;
4348     }
4349     return OK;
4350 }
4351 
4352 /*
4353  * Toplevel expression.
4354  */
4355     static int
4356 compile_expr0(char_u **arg,  cctx_T *cctx)
4357 {
4358     ppconst_T	ppconst;
4359 
4360     CLEAR_FIELD(ppconst);
4361     if (compile_expr1(arg, cctx, &ppconst) == FAIL)
4362     {
4363 	clear_ppconst(&ppconst);
4364 	return FAIL;
4365     }
4366     if (generate_ppconst(cctx, &ppconst) == FAIL)
4367 	return FAIL;
4368     return OK;
4369 }
4370 
4371 /*
4372  * compile "return [expr]"
4373  */
4374     static char_u *
4375 compile_return(char_u *arg, int set_return_type, cctx_T *cctx)
4376 {
4377     char_u	*p = arg;
4378     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
4379     type_T	*stack_type;
4380 
4381     if (*p != NUL && *p != '|' && *p != '\n')
4382     {
4383 	// compile return argument into instructions
4384 	if (compile_expr0(&p, cctx) == FAIL)
4385 	    return NULL;
4386 
4387 	stack_type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
4388 	if (set_return_type)
4389 	    cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_ret_type = stack_type;
4390 	else if (need_type(stack_type, cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_ret_type, -1, cctx)
4391 								       == FAIL)
4392 	    return NULL;
4393     }
4394     else
4395     {
4396 	// "set_return_type" cannot be TRUE, only used for a lambda which
4397 	// always has an argument.
4398 	if (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_ret_type->tt_type != VAR_VOID
4399 		&& cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_ret_type->tt_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
4400 	{
4401 	    emsg(_("E1003: Missing return value"));
4402 	    return NULL;
4403 	}
4404 
4405 	// No argument, return zero.
4406 	generate_PUSHNR(cctx, 0);
4407     }
4408 
4409     if (generate_instr(cctx, ISN_RETURN) == NULL)
4410 	return NULL;
4411 
4412     // "return val | endif" is possible
4413     return skipwhite(p);
4414 }
4415 
4416 /*
4417  * Get a line from the compilation context, compatible with exarg_T getline().
4418  * Return a pointer to the line in allocated memory.
4419  * Return NULL for end-of-file or some error.
4420  */
4421     static char_u *
4422 exarg_getline(
4423 	int c UNUSED,
4424 	void *cookie,
4425 	int indent UNUSED,
4426 	int do_concat UNUSED)
4427 {
4428     cctx_T  *cctx = (cctx_T *)cookie;
4429 
4430     if (cctx->ctx_lnum == cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_len)
4431     {
4432 	iemsg("Heredoc got to end");
4433 	return NULL;
4434     }
4435     ++cctx->ctx_lnum;
4436     return vim_strsave(((char_u **)cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_data)
4437 							     [cctx->ctx_lnum]);
4438 }
4439 
4440 /*
4441  * Compile a nested :def command.
4442  */
4443     static char_u *
4444 compile_nested_function(exarg_T *eap, cctx_T *cctx)
4445 {
4446     char_u	*name_start = eap->arg;
4447     char_u	*name_end = to_name_end(eap->arg, FALSE);
4448     char_u	*name = get_lambda_name();
4449     lvar_T	*lvar;
4450     ufunc_T	*ufunc;
4451 
4452     eap->arg = name_end;
4453     eap->getline = exarg_getline;
4454     eap->cookie = cctx;
4455     eap->skip = cctx->ctx_skip == TRUE;
4456     eap->forceit = FALSE;
4457     ufunc = def_function(eap, name, cctx, TRUE);
4458 
4459     if (ufunc == NULL || ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx < 0)
4460 	return NULL;
4461 
4462     // Define a local variable for the function reference.
4463     lvar = reserve_local(cctx, name_start, name_end - name_start,
4464 						    TRUE, ufunc->uf_func_type);
4465 
4466     if (generate_FUNCREF(cctx, ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx) == FAIL
4467 	    || generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STORE, lvar->lv_idx, NULL) == FAIL)
4468 	return NULL;
4469 
4470     // TODO: warning for trailing text?
4471     return (char_u *)"";
4472 }
4473 
4474 /*
4475  * Return the length of an assignment operator, or zero if there isn't one.
4476  */
4477     int
4478 assignment_len(char_u *p, int *heredoc)
4479 {
4480     if (*p == '=')
4481     {
4482 	if (p[1] == '<' && p[2] == '<')
4483 	{
4484 	    *heredoc = TRUE;
4485 	    return 3;
4486 	}
4487 	return 1;
4488     }
4489     if (vim_strchr((char_u *)"+-*/%", *p) != NULL && p[1] == '=')
4490 	return 2;
4491     if (STRNCMP(p, "..=", 3) == 0)
4492 	return 3;
4493     return 0;
4494 }
4495 
4496 // words that cannot be used as a variable
4497 static char *reserved[] = {
4498     "true",
4499     "false",
4500     NULL
4501 };
4502 
4503 typedef enum {
4504     dest_local,
4505     dest_option,
4506     dest_env,
4507     dest_global,
4508     dest_buffer,
4509     dest_window,
4510     dest_tab,
4511     dest_vimvar,
4512     dest_script,
4513     dest_reg,
4514 } assign_dest_T;
4515 
4516 /*
4517  * Generate the load instruction for "name".
4518  */
4519     static void
4520 generate_loadvar(
4521 	cctx_T		*cctx,
4522 	assign_dest_T	dest,
4523 	char_u		*name,
4524 	lvar_T		*lvar,
4525 	type_T		*type)
4526 {
4527     switch (dest)
4528     {
4529 	case dest_option:
4530 	    // TODO: check the option exists
4531 	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADOPT, 0, name, type);
4532 	    break;
4533 	case dest_global:
4534 	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADG, 0, name + 2, type);
4535 	    break;
4536 	case dest_buffer:
4537 	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADB, 0, name + 2, type);
4538 	    break;
4539 	case dest_window:
4540 	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADW, 0, name + 2, type);
4541 	    break;
4542 	case dest_tab:
4543 	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADT, 0, name + 2, type);
4544 	    break;
4545 	case dest_script:
4546 	    compile_load_scriptvar(cctx,
4547 		    name + (name[1] == ':' ? 2 : 0), NULL, NULL, TRUE);
4548 	    break;
4549 	case dest_env:
4550 	    // Include $ in the name here
4551 	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADENV, 0, name, type);
4552 	    break;
4553 	case dest_reg:
4554 	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADREG, name[1], NULL, &t_string);
4555 	    break;
4556 	case dest_vimvar:
4557 	    generate_LOADV(cctx, name + 2, TRUE);
4558 	    break;
4559 	case dest_local:
4560 	    if (lvar->lv_from_outer)
4561 		generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADOUTER, lvar->lv_idx,
4562 							   NULL, type);
4563 	    else
4564 		generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOAD, lvar->lv_idx, NULL, type);
4565 	    break;
4566     }
4567 }
4568 
4569 /*
4570  * compile "let var [= expr]", "const var = expr" and "var = expr"
4571  * "arg" points to "var".
4572  */
4573     static char_u *
4574 compile_assignment(char_u *arg, exarg_T *eap, cmdidx_T cmdidx, cctx_T *cctx)
4575 {
4576     char_u	*var_end;
4577     char_u	*p;
4578     char_u	*end = arg;
4579     char_u	*ret = NULL;
4580     int		var_count = 0;
4581     int		semicolon = 0;
4582     size_t	varlen;
4583     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
4584     garray_T    *stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
4585     int		new_local = FALSE;
4586     char_u	*op;
4587     int		opt_type;
4588     assign_dest_T dest = dest_local;
4589     int		opt_flags = 0;
4590     int		vimvaridx = -1;
4591     int		oplen = 0;
4592     int		heredoc = FALSE;
4593     type_T	*type = &t_any;
4594     type_T	*member_type = &t_any;
4595     lvar_T	*lvar = NULL;
4596     lvar_T	arg_lvar;
4597     char_u	*name;
4598     char_u	*sp;
4599     int		has_type = FALSE;
4600     int		has_index = FALSE;
4601     int		is_decl = cmdidx == CMD_let || cmdidx == CMD_const;
4602     int		instr_count = -1;
4603 
4604     var_end = skip_var_list(arg, FALSE, &var_count, &semicolon);
4605     if (var_end == NULL)
4606 	return NULL;
4607     if (var_count > 0)
4608     {
4609 	// TODO: let [var, var] = list
4610 	emsg("Cannot handle a list yet");
4611 	return NULL;
4612     }
4613 
4614     p = (*arg == '&' || *arg == '$' || *arg == '@') ? arg + 1 : arg;
4615     p = to_name_end(p, TRUE);
4616 
4617     // "a: type" is declaring variable "a" with a type, not "a:".
4618     if (is_decl && var_end == arg + 2 && var_end[-1] == ':')
4619 	--var_end;
4620     if (is_decl && p == arg + 2 && p[-1] == ':')
4621 	--p;
4622 
4623     varlen = p - arg;
4624     name = vim_strnsave(arg, (int)varlen);
4625     if (name == NULL)
4626 	return NULL;
4627 
4628     if (cctx->ctx_skip != TRUE)
4629     {
4630 	if (*arg == '&')
4631 	{
4632 	    int	    cc;
4633 	    long	    numval;
4634 
4635 	    dest = dest_option;
4636 	    if (cmdidx == CMD_const)
4637 	    {
4638 		emsg(_(e_const_option));
4639 		goto theend;
4640 	    }
4641 	    if (is_decl)
4642 	    {
4643 		semsg(_("E1052: Cannot declare an option: %s"), arg);
4644 		goto theend;
4645 	    }
4646 	    p = arg;
4647 	    p = find_option_end(&p, &opt_flags);
4648 	    if (p == NULL)
4649 	    {
4650 		// cannot happen?
4651 		emsg(_(e_letunexp));
4652 		goto theend;
4653 	    }
4654 	    cc = *p;
4655 	    *p = NUL;
4656 	    opt_type = get_option_value(arg + 1, &numval, NULL, opt_flags);
4657 	    *p = cc;
4658 	    if (opt_type == -3)
4659 	    {
4660 		semsg(_(e_unknown_option), arg);
4661 		goto theend;
4662 	    }
4663 	    if (opt_type == -2 || opt_type == 0)
4664 		type = &t_string;
4665 	    else
4666 		type = &t_number;	// both number and boolean option
4667 	}
4668 	else if (*arg == '$')
4669 	{
4670 	    dest = dest_env;
4671 	    type = &t_string;
4672 	    if (is_decl)
4673 	    {
4674 		semsg(_("E1065: Cannot declare an environment variable: %s"),
4675 									 name);
4676 		goto theend;
4677 	    }
4678 	}
4679 	else if (*arg == '@')
4680 	{
4681 	    if (!valid_yank_reg(arg[1], TRUE))
4682 	    {
4683 		emsg_invreg(arg[1]);
4684 		goto theend;
4685 	    }
4686 	    dest = dest_reg;
4687 	    type = &t_string;
4688 	    if (is_decl)
4689 	    {
4690 		semsg(_("E1066: Cannot declare a register: %s"), name);
4691 		goto theend;
4692 	    }
4693 	}
4694 	else if (STRNCMP(arg, "g:", 2) == 0)
4695 	{
4696 	    dest = dest_global;
4697 	    if (is_decl)
4698 	    {
4699 		semsg(_("E1016: Cannot declare a global variable: %s"), name);
4700 		goto theend;
4701 	    }
4702 	}
4703 	else if (STRNCMP(arg, "b:", 2) == 0)
4704 	{
4705 	    dest = dest_buffer;
4706 	    if (is_decl)
4707 	    {
4708 		semsg(_("E1078: Cannot declare a buffer variable: %s"), name);
4709 		goto theend;
4710 	    }
4711 	}
4712 	else if (STRNCMP(arg, "w:", 2) == 0)
4713 	{
4714 	    dest = dest_window;
4715 	    if (is_decl)
4716 	    {
4717 		semsg(_("E1079: Cannot declare a window variable: %s"), name);
4718 		goto theend;
4719 	    }
4720 	}
4721 	else if (STRNCMP(arg, "t:", 2) == 0)
4722 	{
4723 	    dest = dest_tab;
4724 	    if (is_decl)
4725 	    {
4726 		semsg(_("E1080: Cannot declare a tab variable: %s"), name);
4727 		goto theend;
4728 	    }
4729 	}
4730 	else if (STRNCMP(arg, "v:", 2) == 0)
4731 	{
4732 	    typval_T	*vtv;
4733 	    int		di_flags;
4734 
4735 	    vimvaridx = find_vim_var(name + 2, &di_flags);
4736 	    if (vimvaridx < 0)
4737 	    {
4738 		semsg(_(e_var_notfound), arg);
4739 		goto theend;
4740 	    }
4741 	    // We use the current value of "sandbox" here, is that OK?
4742 	    if (var_check_ro(di_flags, name, FALSE))
4743 		goto theend;
4744 	    dest = dest_vimvar;
4745 	    vtv = get_vim_var_tv(vimvaridx);
4746 	    type = typval2type(vtv);
4747 	    if (is_decl)
4748 	    {
4749 		semsg(_("E1064: Cannot declare a v: variable: %s"), name);
4750 		goto theend;
4751 	    }
4752 	}
4753 	else
4754 	{
4755 	    int idx;
4756 
4757 	    for (idx = 0; reserved[idx] != NULL; ++idx)
4758 		if (STRCMP(reserved[idx], name) == 0)
4759 		{
4760 		    semsg(_("E1034: Cannot use reserved name %s"), name);
4761 		    goto theend;
4762 		}
4763 
4764 	    lvar = lookup_local(arg, varlen, cctx);
4765 	    if (lvar == NULL)
4766 	    {
4767 		CLEAR_FIELD(arg_lvar);
4768 		if (lookup_arg(arg, varlen,
4769 			    &arg_lvar.lv_idx, &arg_lvar.lv_type,
4770 			    &arg_lvar.lv_from_outer, cctx) == OK)
4771 		{
4772 		    if (is_decl)
4773 		    {
4774 			semsg(_(e_used_as_arg), name);
4775 			goto theend;
4776 		    }
4777 		    lvar = &arg_lvar;
4778 		}
4779 	    }
4780 	    if (lvar != NULL)
4781 	    {
4782 		if (is_decl)
4783 		{
4784 		    semsg(_("E1017: Variable already declared: %s"), name);
4785 		    goto theend;
4786 		}
4787 		else if (lvar->lv_const)
4788 		{
4789 		    semsg(_("E1018: Cannot assign to a constant: %s"), name);
4790 		    goto theend;
4791 		}
4792 	    }
4793 	    else if (STRNCMP(arg, "s:", 2) == 0
4794 		    || lookup_script(arg, varlen) == OK
4795 		    || find_imported(arg, varlen, cctx) != NULL)
4796 	    {
4797 		dest = dest_script;
4798 		if (is_decl)
4799 		{
4800 		    semsg(_("E1054: Variable already declared in the script: %s"),
4801 									 name);
4802 		    goto theend;
4803 		}
4804 	    }
4805 	    else if (name[1] == ':' && name[2] != NUL)
4806 	    {
4807 		semsg(_("E1082: Cannot use a namespaced variable: %s"), name);
4808 		goto theend;
4809 	    }
4810 	    else if (!is_decl)
4811 	    {
4812 		semsg(_("E1089: unknown variable: %s"), name);
4813 		goto theend;
4814 	    }
4815 	}
4816     }
4817 
4818     // handle "a:name" as a name, not index "name" on "a"
4819     if (varlen > 1 || arg[varlen] != ':')
4820 	p = var_end;
4821 
4822     if (dest != dest_option)
4823     {
4824 	if (is_decl && *p == ':')
4825 	{
4826 	    // parse optional type: "let var: type = expr"
4827 	    if (!VIM_ISWHITE(p[1]))
4828 	    {
4829 		semsg(_(e_white_after), ":");
4830 		goto theend;
4831 	    }
4832 	    p = skipwhite(p + 1);
4833 	    type = parse_type(&p, cctx->ctx_type_list);
4834 	    has_type = TRUE;
4835 	}
4836 	else if (lvar != NULL)
4837 	    type = lvar->lv_type;
4838     }
4839 
4840     sp = p;
4841     p = skipwhite(p);
4842     op = p;
4843     oplen = assignment_len(p, &heredoc);
4844     if (oplen > 0 && (!VIM_ISWHITE(*sp) || !VIM_ISWHITE(op[oplen])))
4845     {
4846 	char_u  buf[4];
4847 
4848 	vim_strncpy(buf, op, oplen);
4849 	semsg(_(e_white_both), buf);
4850     }
4851 
4852     if (oplen == 3 && !heredoc && dest != dest_global
4853 		    && type->tt_type != VAR_STRING && type->tt_type != VAR_ANY)
4854     {
4855 	emsg(_("E1019: Can only concatenate to string"));
4856 	goto theend;
4857     }
4858 
4859     if (lvar == NULL && dest == dest_local && cctx->ctx_skip != TRUE)
4860     {
4861 	if (oplen > 1 && !heredoc)
4862 	{
4863 	    // +=, /=, etc. require an existing variable
4864 	    semsg(_("E1020: cannot use an operator on a new variable: %s"),
4865 									 name);
4866 	    goto theend;
4867 	}
4868 
4869 	// new local variable
4870 	if (type->tt_type == VAR_FUNC && var_check_func_name(name, TRUE))
4871 	    goto theend;
4872 	lvar = reserve_local(cctx, arg, varlen, cmdidx == CMD_const, type);
4873 	if (lvar == NULL)
4874 	    goto theend;
4875 	new_local = TRUE;
4876     }
4877 
4878     member_type = type;
4879     if (var_end > arg + varlen)
4880     {
4881 	// Something follows after the variable: "var[idx]".
4882 	if (is_decl)
4883 	{
4884 	    emsg(_("E1087: cannot use an index when declaring a variable"));
4885 	    goto theend;
4886 	}
4887 
4888 	if (arg[varlen] == '[')
4889 	{
4890 	    has_index = TRUE;
4891 	    if (type->tt_member == NULL)
4892 	    {
4893 		semsg(_("E1088: cannot use an index on %s"), name);
4894 		goto theend;
4895 	    }
4896 	    member_type = type->tt_member;
4897 	}
4898 	else
4899 	{
4900 	    semsg("Not supported yet: %s", arg);
4901 	    goto theend;
4902 	}
4903     }
4904     else if (lvar == &arg_lvar)
4905     {
4906 	semsg(_("E1090: Cannot assign to argument %s"), name);
4907 	goto theend;
4908     }
4909 
4910     if (heredoc)
4911     {
4912 	list_T	   *l;
4913 	listitem_T *li;
4914 
4915 	// [let] varname =<< [trim] {end}
4916 	eap->getline = exarg_getline;
4917 	eap->cookie = cctx;
4918 	l = heredoc_get(eap, op + 3, FALSE);
4919 
4920 	// Push each line and the create the list.
4921 	FOR_ALL_LIST_ITEMS(l, li)
4922 	{
4923 	    generate_PUSHS(cctx, li->li_tv.vval.v_string);
4924 	    li->li_tv.vval.v_string = NULL;
4925 	}
4926 	generate_NEWLIST(cctx, l->lv_len);
4927 	type = &t_list_string;
4928 	member_type = &t_list_string;
4929 	list_free(l);
4930 	p += STRLEN(p);
4931     }
4932     else if (oplen > 0)
4933     {
4934 	int	r;
4935 
4936 	// for "+=", "*=", "..=" etc. first load the current value
4937 	if (*op != '=')
4938 	{
4939 	    generate_loadvar(cctx, dest, name, lvar, type);
4940 
4941 	    if (has_index)
4942 	    {
4943 		// TODO: get member from list or dict
4944 		emsg("Index with operation not supported yet");
4945 		goto theend;
4946 	    }
4947 	}
4948 
4949 	// Compile the expression.  Temporarily hide the new local variable
4950 	// here, it is not available to this expression.
4951 	if (new_local)
4952 	    --cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len;
4953 	instr_count = instr->ga_len;
4954 	p = skipwhite(p + oplen);
4955 	r = compile_expr0(&p, cctx);
4956 	if (new_local)
4957 	    ++cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len;
4958 	if (r == FAIL)
4959 	    goto theend;
4960 
4961 	if (cctx->ctx_skip != TRUE)
4962 	{
4963 	    type_T	*stacktype;
4964 
4965 	    stacktype = stack->ga_len == 0 ? &t_void
4966 			      : ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
4967 	    if (lvar != NULL && (is_decl || !has_type))
4968 	    {
4969 		if (new_local && !has_type)
4970 		{
4971 		    if (stacktype->tt_type == VAR_VOID)
4972 		    {
4973 			emsg(_("E1031: Cannot use void value"));
4974 			goto theend;
4975 		    }
4976 		    else
4977 		    {
4978 			// An empty list or dict has a &t_void member, for a
4979 			// variable that implies &t_any.
4980 			if (stacktype == &t_list_empty)
4981 			    lvar->lv_type = &t_list_any;
4982 			else if (stacktype == &t_dict_empty)
4983 			    lvar->lv_type = &t_dict_any;
4984 			else
4985 			    lvar->lv_type = stacktype;
4986 		    }
4987 		}
4988 		else
4989 		{
4990 		    type_T *use_type = lvar->lv_type;
4991 
4992 		    if (has_index)
4993 		    {
4994 			use_type = use_type->tt_member;
4995 			if (use_type == NULL)
4996 			    use_type = &t_void;
4997 		    }
4998 		    if (need_type(stacktype, use_type, -1, cctx) == FAIL)
4999 			goto theend;
5000 		}
5001 	    }
5002 	    else if (*p != '=' && need_type(stacktype, member_type, -1,
5003 								 cctx) == FAIL)
5004 		goto theend;
5005 	}
5006     }
5007     else if (cmdidx == CMD_const)
5008     {
5009 	emsg(_("E1021: const requires a value"));
5010 	goto theend;
5011     }
5012     else if (!has_type || dest == dest_option)
5013     {
5014 	emsg(_("E1022: type or initialization required"));
5015 	goto theend;
5016     }
5017     else
5018     {
5019 	// variables are always initialized
5020 	if (ga_grow(instr, 1) == FAIL)
5021 	    goto theend;
5022 	switch (member_type->tt_type)
5023 	{
5024 	    case VAR_BOOL:
5025 		generate_PUSHBOOL(cctx, VVAL_FALSE);
5026 		break;
5027 	    case VAR_FLOAT:
5028 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
5029 		generate_PUSHF(cctx, 0.0);
5030 #endif
5031 		break;
5032 	    case VAR_STRING:
5033 		generate_PUSHS(cctx, NULL);
5034 		break;
5035 	    case VAR_BLOB:
5036 		generate_PUSHBLOB(cctx, NULL);
5037 		break;
5038 	    case VAR_FUNC:
5039 		generate_PUSHFUNC(cctx, NULL, &t_func_void);
5040 		break;
5041 	    case VAR_LIST:
5042 		generate_NEWLIST(cctx, 0);
5043 		break;
5044 	    case VAR_DICT:
5045 		generate_NEWDICT(cctx, 0);
5046 		break;
5047 	    case VAR_JOB:
5048 		generate_PUSHJOB(cctx, NULL);
5049 		break;
5050 	    case VAR_CHANNEL:
5051 		generate_PUSHCHANNEL(cctx, NULL);
5052 		break;
5053 	    case VAR_NUMBER:
5054 	    case VAR_UNKNOWN:
5055 	    case VAR_ANY:
5056 	    case VAR_PARTIAL:
5057 	    case VAR_VOID:
5058 	    case VAR_SPECIAL:  // cannot happen
5059 		generate_PUSHNR(cctx, 0);
5060 		break;
5061 	}
5062     }
5063     end = p;
5064 
5065     if (oplen > 0 && *op != '=')
5066     {
5067 	type_T	    *expected = &t_number;
5068 	type_T	    *stacktype;
5069 
5070 	// TODO: if type is known use float or any operation
5071 
5072 	if (*op == '.')
5073 	    expected = &t_string;
5074 	stacktype = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
5075 	if (need_type(stacktype, expected, -1, cctx) == FAIL)
5076 	    goto theend;
5077 
5078 	if (*op == '.')
5079 	    generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_CONCAT, 1);
5080 	else
5081 	{
5082 	    isn_T *isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_OPNR, 1);
5083 
5084 	    if (isn == NULL)
5085 		goto theend;
5086 	    switch (*op)
5087 	    {
5088 		case '+': isn->isn_arg.op.op_type = EXPR_ADD; break;
5089 		case '-': isn->isn_arg.op.op_type = EXPR_SUB; break;
5090 		case '*': isn->isn_arg.op.op_type = EXPR_MULT; break;
5091 		case '/': isn->isn_arg.op.op_type = EXPR_DIV; break;
5092 		case '%': isn->isn_arg.op.op_type = EXPR_REM; break;
5093 	    }
5094 	}
5095     }
5096 
5097     if (has_index)
5098     {
5099 	int r;
5100 
5101 	// Compile the "idx" in "var[idx]".
5102 	if (new_local)
5103 	    --cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len;
5104 	p = skipwhite(arg + varlen + 1);
5105 	r = compile_expr0(&p, cctx);
5106 	if (new_local)
5107 	    ++cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len;
5108 	if (r == FAIL)
5109 	    goto theend;
5110 	if (*skipwhite(p) != ']')
5111 	{
5112 	    emsg(_(e_missbrac));
5113 	    goto theend;
5114 	}
5115 	if (type->tt_type == VAR_DICT
5116 		&& may_generate_2STRING(-1, cctx) == FAIL)
5117 	    goto theend;
5118 	if (type->tt_type == VAR_LIST
5119 		&& ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1]->tt_type
5120 								 != VAR_NUMBER)
5121 	{
5122 	    emsg(_(e_number_exp));
5123 	    goto theend;
5124 	}
5125 
5126 	// Load the dict or list.  On the stack we then have:
5127 	// - value
5128 	// - index
5129 	// - variable
5130 	generate_loadvar(cctx, dest, name, lvar, type);
5131 
5132 	if (type->tt_type == VAR_LIST)
5133 	{
5134 	    if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_STORELIST, 3) == FAIL)
5135 		return FAIL;
5136 	}
5137 	else if (type->tt_type == VAR_DICT)
5138 	{
5139 	    if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_STOREDICT, 3) == FAIL)
5140 		return FAIL;
5141 	}
5142 	else
5143 	{
5144 	    emsg(_(e_listreq));
5145 	    goto theend;
5146 	}
5147     }
5148     else
5149     {
5150 	switch (dest)
5151 	{
5152 	    case dest_option:
5153 		generate_STOREOPT(cctx, name + 1, opt_flags);
5154 		break;
5155 	    case dest_global:
5156 		// include g: with the name, easier to execute that way
5157 		generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STOREG, 0, name);
5158 		break;
5159 	    case dest_buffer:
5160 		// include b: with the name, easier to execute that way
5161 		generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STOREB, 0, name);
5162 		break;
5163 	    case dest_window:
5164 		// include w: with the name, easier to execute that way
5165 		generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STOREW, 0, name);
5166 		break;
5167 	    case dest_tab:
5168 		// include t: with the name, easier to execute that way
5169 		generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STORET, 0, name);
5170 		break;
5171 	    case dest_env:
5172 		generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STOREENV, 0, name + 1);
5173 		break;
5174 	    case dest_reg:
5175 		generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STOREREG, name[1], NULL);
5176 		break;
5177 	    case dest_vimvar:
5178 		generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STOREV, vimvaridx, NULL);
5179 		break;
5180 	    case dest_script:
5181 		{
5182 		    char_u	*rawname = name + (name[1] == ':' ? 2 : 0);
5183 		    imported_T  *import = NULL;
5184 		    int		sid = current_sctx.sc_sid;
5185 		    int		idx;
5186 
5187 		    if (name[1] != ':')
5188 		    {
5189 			import = find_imported(name, 0, cctx);
5190 			if (import != NULL)
5191 			    sid = import->imp_sid;
5192 		    }
5193 
5194 		    idx = get_script_item_idx(sid, rawname, TRUE);
5195 		    // TODO: specific type
5196 		    if (idx < 0)
5197 		    {
5198 			char_u *name_s = name;
5199 
5200 			// Include s: in the name for store_var()
5201 			if (name[1] != ':')
5202 			{
5203 			    int len = (int)STRLEN(name) + 3;
5204 
5205 			    name_s = alloc(len);
5206 			    if (name_s == NULL)
5207 				name_s = name;
5208 			    else
5209 				vim_snprintf((char *)name_s, len, "s:%s", name);
5210 			}
5211 			generate_OLDSCRIPT(cctx, ISN_STORES, name_s, sid,
5212 								       &t_any);
5213 			if (name_s != name)
5214 			    vim_free(name_s);
5215 		    }
5216 		    else
5217 			generate_VIM9SCRIPT(cctx, ISN_STORESCRIPT,
5218 							     sid, idx, &t_any);
5219 		}
5220 		break;
5221 	    case dest_local:
5222 		if (lvar != NULL)
5223 		{
5224 		    isn_T *isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + instr->ga_len - 1;
5225 
5226 		    // optimization: turn "var = 123" from ISN_PUSHNR +
5227 		    // ISN_STORE into ISN_STORENR
5228 		    if (!lvar->lv_from_outer && instr->ga_len == instr_count + 1
5229 					     && isn->isn_type == ISN_PUSHNR)
5230 		    {
5231 			varnumber_T val = isn->isn_arg.number;
5232 
5233 			isn->isn_type = ISN_STORENR;
5234 			isn->isn_arg.storenr.stnr_idx = lvar->lv_idx;
5235 			isn->isn_arg.storenr.stnr_val = val;
5236 			if (stack->ga_len > 0)
5237 			    --stack->ga_len;
5238 		    }
5239 		    else if (lvar->lv_from_outer)
5240 			generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STOREOUTER, lvar->lv_idx,
5241 									 NULL);
5242 		    else
5243 			generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STORE, lvar->lv_idx, NULL);
5244 		}
5245 		break;
5246 	}
5247     }
5248     ret = end;
5249 
5250 theend:
5251     vim_free(name);
5252     return ret;
5253 }
5254 
5255 /*
5256  * Check if "name" can be "unlet".
5257  */
5258     int
5259 check_vim9_unlet(char_u *name)
5260 {
5261     if (name[1] != ':' || vim_strchr((char_u *)"gwtb", *name) == NULL)
5262     {
5263 	semsg(_("E1081: Cannot unlet %s"), name);
5264 	return FAIL;
5265     }
5266     return OK;
5267 }
5268 
5269 /*
5270  * Callback passed to ex_unletlock().
5271  */
5272     static int
5273 compile_unlet(
5274     lval_T  *lvp,
5275     char_u  *name_end,
5276     exarg_T *eap,
5277     int	    deep UNUSED,
5278     void    *coookie)
5279 {
5280     cctx_T *cctx = coookie;
5281 
5282     if (lvp->ll_tv == NULL)
5283     {
5284 	char_u	*p = lvp->ll_name;
5285 	int	cc = *name_end;
5286 	int	ret = OK;
5287 
5288 	// Normal name.  Only supports g:, w:, t: and b: namespaces.
5289 	*name_end = NUL;
5290 	if (*p == '$')
5291 	    ret = generate_UNLET(cctx, ISN_UNLETENV, p + 1, eap->forceit);
5292 	else if (check_vim9_unlet(p) == FAIL)
5293 	    ret = FAIL;
5294 	else
5295 	    ret = generate_UNLET(cctx, ISN_UNLET, p, eap->forceit);
5296 
5297 	*name_end = cc;
5298 	return ret;
5299     }
5300 
5301     // TODO: unlet {list}[idx]
5302     // TODO: unlet {dict}[key]
5303     emsg("Sorry, :unlet not fully implemented yet");
5304     return FAIL;
5305 }
5306 
5307 /*
5308  * compile "unlet var", "lock var" and "unlock var"
5309  * "arg" points to "var".
5310  */
5311     static char_u *
5312 compile_unletlock(char_u *arg, exarg_T *eap, cctx_T *cctx)
5313 {
5314     char_u *p = arg;
5315 
5316     if (eap->cmdidx != CMD_unlet)
5317     {
5318 	emsg("Sorry, :lock and unlock not implemented yet");
5319 	return NULL;
5320     }
5321 
5322     if (*p == '!')
5323     {
5324 	p = skipwhite(p + 1);
5325 	eap->forceit = TRUE;
5326     }
5327 
5328     ex_unletlock(eap, p, 0, GLV_NO_AUTOLOAD, compile_unlet, cctx);
5329     return eap->nextcmd == NULL ? (char_u *)"" : eap->nextcmd;
5330 }
5331 
5332 /*
5333  * Compile an :import command.
5334  */
5335     static char_u *
5336 compile_import(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5337 {
5338     return handle_import(arg, &cctx->ctx_imports, 0, cctx);
5339 }
5340 
5341 /*
5342  * generate a jump to the ":endif"/":endfor"/":endwhile"/":finally"/":endtry".
5343  */
5344     static int
5345 compile_jump_to_end(endlabel_T **el, jumpwhen_T when, cctx_T *cctx)
5346 {
5347     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5348     endlabel_T  *endlabel = ALLOC_CLEAR_ONE(endlabel_T);
5349 
5350     if (endlabel == NULL)
5351 	return FAIL;
5352     endlabel->el_next = *el;
5353     *el = endlabel;
5354     endlabel->el_end_label = instr->ga_len;
5355 
5356     generate_JUMP(cctx, when, 0);
5357     return OK;
5358 }
5359 
5360     static void
5361 compile_fill_jump_to_end(endlabel_T **el, cctx_T *cctx)
5362 {
5363     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5364 
5365     while (*el != NULL)
5366     {
5367 	endlabel_T  *cur = (*el);
5368 	isn_T	    *isn;
5369 
5370 	isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + cur->el_end_label;
5371 	isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
5372 	*el = cur->el_next;
5373 	vim_free(cur);
5374     }
5375 }
5376 
5377     static void
5378 compile_free_jump_to_end(endlabel_T **el)
5379 {
5380     while (*el != NULL)
5381     {
5382 	endlabel_T  *cur = (*el);
5383 
5384 	*el = cur->el_next;
5385 	vim_free(cur);
5386     }
5387 }
5388 
5389 /*
5390  * Create a new scope and set up the generic items.
5391  */
5392     static scope_T *
5393 new_scope(cctx_T *cctx, scopetype_T type)
5394 {
5395     scope_T *scope = ALLOC_CLEAR_ONE(scope_T);
5396 
5397     if (scope == NULL)
5398 	return NULL;
5399     scope->se_outer = cctx->ctx_scope;
5400     cctx->ctx_scope = scope;
5401     scope->se_type = type;
5402     scope->se_local_count = cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len;
5403     return scope;
5404 }
5405 
5406 /*
5407  * Free the current scope and go back to the outer scope.
5408  */
5409     static void
5410 drop_scope(cctx_T *cctx)
5411 {
5412     scope_T *scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
5413 
5414     if (scope == NULL)
5415     {
5416 	iemsg("calling drop_scope() without a scope");
5417 	return;
5418     }
5419     cctx->ctx_scope = scope->se_outer;
5420     switch (scope->se_type)
5421     {
5422 	case IF_SCOPE:
5423 	    compile_free_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_if.is_end_label); break;
5424 	case FOR_SCOPE:
5425 	    compile_free_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_for.fs_end_label); break;
5426 	case WHILE_SCOPE:
5427 	    compile_free_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_while.ws_end_label); break;
5428 	case TRY_SCOPE:
5429 	    compile_free_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_try.ts_end_label); break;
5430 	case NO_SCOPE:
5431 	case BLOCK_SCOPE:
5432 	    break;
5433     }
5434     vim_free(scope);
5435 }
5436 
5437 /*
5438  * compile "if expr"
5439  *
5440  * "if expr" Produces instructions:
5441  *	EVAL expr		Push result of "expr"
5442  *	JUMP_IF_FALSE end
5443  *	... body ...
5444  * end:
5445  *
5446  * "if expr | else" Produces instructions:
5447  *	EVAL expr		Push result of "expr"
5448  *	JUMP_IF_FALSE else
5449  *	... body ...
5450  *	JUMP_ALWAYS end
5451  * else:
5452  *	... body ...
5453  * end:
5454  *
5455  * "if expr1 | elseif expr2 | else" Produces instructions:
5456  *	EVAL expr		Push result of "expr"
5457  *	JUMP_IF_FALSE elseif
5458  *	... body ...
5459  *	JUMP_ALWAYS end
5460  * elseif:
5461  *	EVAL expr		Push result of "expr"
5462  *	JUMP_IF_FALSE else
5463  *	... body ...
5464  *	JUMP_ALWAYS end
5465  * else:
5466  *	... body ...
5467  * end:
5468  */
5469     static char_u *
5470 compile_if(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5471 {
5472     char_u	*p = arg;
5473     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5474     int		instr_count = instr->ga_len;
5475     scope_T	*scope;
5476     ppconst_T	ppconst;
5477 
5478     CLEAR_FIELD(ppconst);
5479     if (compile_expr1(&p, cctx, &ppconst) == FAIL)
5480     {
5481 	clear_ppconst(&ppconst);
5482 	return NULL;
5483     }
5484     if (instr->ga_len == instr_count && ppconst.pp_used == 1)
5485     {
5486 	// The expression results in a constant.
5487 	// TODO: how about nesting?
5488 	cctx->ctx_skip = tv2bool(&ppconst.pp_tv[0]) ? FALSE : TRUE;
5489 	clear_ppconst(&ppconst);
5490     }
5491     else
5492     {
5493 	// Not a constant, generate instructions for the expression.
5494 	cctx->ctx_skip = MAYBE;
5495 	if (generate_ppconst(cctx, &ppconst) == FAIL)
5496 	    return NULL;
5497     }
5498 
5499     scope = new_scope(cctx, IF_SCOPE);
5500     if (scope == NULL)
5501 	return NULL;
5502 
5503     if (cctx->ctx_skip == MAYBE)
5504     {
5505 	// "where" is set when ":elseif", "else" or ":endif" is found
5506 	scope->se_u.se_if.is_if_label = instr->ga_len;
5507 	generate_JUMP(cctx, JUMP_IF_FALSE, 0);
5508     }
5509     else
5510 	scope->se_u.se_if.is_if_label = -1;
5511 
5512     return p;
5513 }
5514 
5515     static char_u *
5516 compile_elseif(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5517 {
5518     char_u	*p = arg;
5519     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5520     int		instr_count = instr->ga_len;
5521     isn_T	*isn;
5522     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
5523     ppconst_T	ppconst;
5524 
5525     if (scope == NULL || scope->se_type != IF_SCOPE)
5526     {
5527 	emsg(_(e_elseif_without_if));
5528 	return NULL;
5529     }
5530     unwind_locals(cctx, scope->se_local_count);
5531 
5532     if (cctx->ctx_skip == MAYBE)
5533     {
5534 	if (compile_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_if.is_end_label,
5535 						    JUMP_ALWAYS, cctx) == FAIL)
5536 	    return NULL;
5537 	// previous "if" or "elseif" jumps here
5538 	isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + scope->se_u.se_if.is_if_label;
5539 	isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
5540     }
5541 
5542     // compile "expr"; if we know it evaluates to FALSE skip the block
5543     CLEAR_FIELD(ppconst);
5544     if (compile_expr1(&p, cctx, &ppconst) == FAIL)
5545     {
5546 	clear_ppconst(&ppconst);
5547 	return NULL;
5548     }
5549     if (instr->ga_len == instr_count && ppconst.pp_used == 1)
5550     {
5551 	// The expression results in a constant.
5552 	// TODO: how about nesting?
5553 	cctx->ctx_skip = tv2bool(&ppconst.pp_tv[0]) ? FALSE : TRUE;
5554 	clear_ppconst(&ppconst);
5555 	scope->se_u.se_if.is_if_label = -1;
5556     }
5557     else
5558     {
5559 	// Not a constant, generate instructions for the expression.
5560 	cctx->ctx_skip = MAYBE;
5561 	if (generate_ppconst(cctx, &ppconst) == FAIL)
5562 	    return NULL;
5563 
5564 	// "where" is set when ":elseif", "else" or ":endif" is found
5565 	scope->se_u.se_if.is_if_label = instr->ga_len;
5566 	generate_JUMP(cctx, JUMP_IF_FALSE, 0);
5567     }
5568 
5569     return p;
5570 }
5571 
5572     static char_u *
5573 compile_else(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5574 {
5575     char_u	*p = arg;
5576     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5577     isn_T	*isn;
5578     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
5579 
5580     if (scope == NULL || scope->se_type != IF_SCOPE)
5581     {
5582 	emsg(_(e_else_without_if));
5583 	return NULL;
5584     }
5585     unwind_locals(cctx, scope->se_local_count);
5586 
5587     // jump from previous block to the end, unless the else block is empty
5588     if (cctx->ctx_skip == MAYBE)
5589     {
5590 	if (compile_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_if.is_end_label,
5591 						    JUMP_ALWAYS, cctx) == FAIL)
5592 	    return NULL;
5593     }
5594 
5595     if (cctx->ctx_skip == MAYBE)
5596     {
5597 	if (scope->se_u.se_if.is_if_label >= 0)
5598 	{
5599 	    // previous "if" or "elseif" jumps here
5600 	    isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + scope->se_u.se_if.is_if_label;
5601 	    isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
5602 	    scope->se_u.se_if.is_if_label = -1;
5603 	}
5604     }
5605 
5606     if (cctx->ctx_skip != MAYBE)
5607 	cctx->ctx_skip = !cctx->ctx_skip;
5608 
5609     return p;
5610 }
5611 
5612     static char_u *
5613 compile_endif(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5614 {
5615     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
5616     ifscope_T	*ifscope;
5617     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5618     isn_T	*isn;
5619 
5620     if (scope == NULL || scope->se_type != IF_SCOPE)
5621     {
5622 	emsg(_(e_endif_without_if));
5623 	return NULL;
5624     }
5625     ifscope = &scope->se_u.se_if;
5626     unwind_locals(cctx, scope->se_local_count);
5627 
5628     if (scope->se_u.se_if.is_if_label >= 0)
5629     {
5630 	// previous "if" or "elseif" jumps here
5631 	isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + scope->se_u.se_if.is_if_label;
5632 	isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
5633     }
5634     // Fill in the "end" label in jumps at the end of the blocks.
5635     compile_fill_jump_to_end(&ifscope->is_end_label, cctx);
5636     cctx->ctx_skip = FALSE;
5637 
5638     drop_scope(cctx);
5639     return arg;
5640 }
5641 
5642 /*
5643  * compile "for var in expr"
5644  *
5645  * Produces instructions:
5646  *       PUSHNR -1
5647  *       STORE loop-idx		Set index to -1
5648  *       EVAL expr		Push result of "expr"
5649  * top:  FOR loop-idx, end	Increment index, use list on bottom of stack
5650  *				- if beyond end, jump to "end"
5651  *				- otherwise get item from list and push it
5652  *       STORE var		Store item in "var"
5653  *       ... body ...
5654  *       JUMP top		Jump back to repeat
5655  * end:	 DROP			Drop the result of "expr"
5656  *
5657  */
5658     static char_u *
5659 compile_for(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5660 {
5661     char_u	*p;
5662     size_t	varlen;
5663     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5664     garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
5665     scope_T	*scope;
5666     lvar_T	*loop_lvar;	// loop iteration variable
5667     lvar_T	*var_lvar;	// variable for "var"
5668     type_T	*vartype;
5669 
5670     // TODO: list of variables: "for [key, value] in dict"
5671     // parse "var"
5672     for (p = arg; eval_isnamec1(*p); ++p)
5673 	;
5674     varlen = p - arg;
5675     var_lvar = lookup_local(arg, varlen, cctx);
5676     if (var_lvar != NULL)
5677     {
5678 	semsg(_("E1023: variable already defined: %s"), arg);
5679 	return NULL;
5680     }
5681 
5682     // consume "in"
5683     p = skipwhite(p);
5684     if (STRNCMP(p, "in", 2) != 0 || !VIM_ISWHITE(p[2]))
5685     {
5686 	emsg(_(e_missing_in));
5687 	return NULL;
5688     }
5689     p = skipwhite(p + 2);
5690 
5691 
5692     scope = new_scope(cctx, FOR_SCOPE);
5693     if (scope == NULL)
5694 	return NULL;
5695 
5696     // Reserve a variable to store the loop iteration counter.
5697     loop_lvar = reserve_local(cctx, (char_u *)"", 0, FALSE, &t_number);
5698     if (loop_lvar == NULL)
5699     {
5700 	// out of memory
5701 	drop_scope(cctx);
5702 	return NULL;
5703     }
5704 
5705     // Reserve a variable to store "var"
5706     var_lvar = reserve_local(cctx, arg, varlen, FALSE, &t_any);
5707     if (var_lvar == NULL)
5708     {
5709 	// out of memory or used as an argument
5710 	drop_scope(cctx);
5711 	return NULL;
5712     }
5713 
5714     generate_STORENR(cctx, loop_lvar->lv_idx, -1);
5715 
5716     // compile "expr", it remains on the stack until "endfor"
5717     arg = p;
5718     if (compile_expr0(&arg, cctx) == FAIL)
5719     {
5720 	drop_scope(cctx);
5721 	return NULL;
5722     }
5723 
5724     // now we know the type of "var"
5725     vartype = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
5726     if (vartype->tt_type != VAR_LIST)
5727     {
5728 	emsg(_("E1024: need a List to iterate over"));
5729 	drop_scope(cctx);
5730 	return NULL;
5731     }
5732     if (vartype->tt_member->tt_type != VAR_ANY)
5733 	var_lvar->lv_type = vartype->tt_member;
5734 
5735     // "for_end" is set when ":endfor" is found
5736     scope->se_u.se_for.fs_top_label = instr->ga_len;
5737 
5738     generate_FOR(cctx, loop_lvar->lv_idx);
5739     generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STORE, var_lvar->lv_idx, NULL);
5740 
5741     return arg;
5742 }
5743 
5744 /*
5745  * compile "endfor"
5746  */
5747     static char_u *
5748 compile_endfor(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5749 {
5750     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5751     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
5752     forscope_T	*forscope;
5753     isn_T	*isn;
5754 
5755     if (scope == NULL || scope->se_type != FOR_SCOPE)
5756     {
5757 	emsg(_(e_for));
5758 	return NULL;
5759     }
5760     forscope = &scope->se_u.se_for;
5761     cctx->ctx_scope = scope->se_outer;
5762     unwind_locals(cctx, scope->se_local_count);
5763 
5764     // At end of ":for" scope jump back to the FOR instruction.
5765     generate_JUMP(cctx, JUMP_ALWAYS, forscope->fs_top_label);
5766 
5767     // Fill in the "end" label in the FOR statement so it can jump here
5768     isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + forscope->fs_top_label;
5769     isn->isn_arg.forloop.for_end = instr->ga_len;
5770 
5771     // Fill in the "end" label any BREAK statements
5772     compile_fill_jump_to_end(&forscope->fs_end_label, cctx);
5773 
5774     // Below the ":for" scope drop the "expr" list from the stack.
5775     if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_DROP, 1) == NULL)
5776 	return NULL;
5777 
5778     vim_free(scope);
5779 
5780     return arg;
5781 }
5782 
5783 /*
5784  * compile "while expr"
5785  *
5786  * Produces instructions:
5787  * top:  EVAL expr		Push result of "expr"
5788  *       JUMP_IF_FALSE end	jump if false
5789  *       ... body ...
5790  *       JUMP top		Jump back to repeat
5791  * end:
5792  *
5793  */
5794     static char_u *
5795 compile_while(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5796 {
5797     char_u	*p = arg;
5798     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5799     scope_T	*scope;
5800 
5801     scope = new_scope(cctx, WHILE_SCOPE);
5802     if (scope == NULL)
5803 	return NULL;
5804 
5805     scope->se_u.se_while.ws_top_label = instr->ga_len;
5806 
5807     // compile "expr"
5808     if (compile_expr0(&p, cctx) == FAIL)
5809 	return NULL;
5810 
5811     // "while_end" is set when ":endwhile" is found
5812     if (compile_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_while.ws_end_label,
5813 						  JUMP_IF_FALSE, cctx) == FAIL)
5814 	return FAIL;
5815 
5816     return p;
5817 }
5818 
5819 /*
5820  * compile "endwhile"
5821  */
5822     static char_u *
5823 compile_endwhile(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5824 {
5825     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
5826 
5827     if (scope == NULL || scope->se_type != WHILE_SCOPE)
5828     {
5829 	emsg(_(e_while));
5830 	return NULL;
5831     }
5832     cctx->ctx_scope = scope->se_outer;
5833     unwind_locals(cctx, scope->se_local_count);
5834 
5835     // At end of ":for" scope jump back to the FOR instruction.
5836     generate_JUMP(cctx, JUMP_ALWAYS, scope->se_u.se_while.ws_top_label);
5837 
5838     // Fill in the "end" label in the WHILE statement so it can jump here.
5839     // And in any jumps for ":break"
5840     compile_fill_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_while.ws_end_label, cctx);
5841 
5842     vim_free(scope);
5843 
5844     return arg;
5845 }
5846 
5847 /*
5848  * compile "continue"
5849  */
5850     static char_u *
5851 compile_continue(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5852 {
5853     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
5854 
5855     for (;;)
5856     {
5857 	if (scope == NULL)
5858 	{
5859 	    emsg(_(e_continue));
5860 	    return NULL;
5861 	}
5862 	if (scope->se_type == FOR_SCOPE || scope->se_type == WHILE_SCOPE)
5863 	    break;
5864 	scope = scope->se_outer;
5865     }
5866 
5867     // Jump back to the FOR or WHILE instruction.
5868     generate_JUMP(cctx, JUMP_ALWAYS,
5869 	    scope->se_type == FOR_SCOPE ? scope->se_u.se_for.fs_top_label
5870 					  : scope->se_u.se_while.ws_top_label);
5871     return arg;
5872 }
5873 
5874 /*
5875  * compile "break"
5876  */
5877     static char_u *
5878 compile_break(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5879 {
5880     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
5881     endlabel_T	**el;
5882 
5883     for (;;)
5884     {
5885 	if (scope == NULL)
5886 	{
5887 	    emsg(_(e_break));
5888 	    return NULL;
5889 	}
5890 	if (scope->se_type == FOR_SCOPE || scope->se_type == WHILE_SCOPE)
5891 	    break;
5892 	scope = scope->se_outer;
5893     }
5894 
5895     // Jump to the end of the FOR or WHILE loop.
5896     if (scope->se_type == FOR_SCOPE)
5897 	el = &scope->se_u.se_for.fs_end_label;
5898     else
5899 	el = &scope->se_u.se_while.ws_end_label;
5900     if (compile_jump_to_end(el, JUMP_ALWAYS, cctx) == FAIL)
5901 	return FAIL;
5902 
5903     return arg;
5904 }
5905 
5906 /*
5907  * compile "{" start of block
5908  */
5909     static char_u *
5910 compile_block(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5911 {
5912     if (new_scope(cctx, BLOCK_SCOPE) == NULL)
5913 	return NULL;
5914     return skipwhite(arg + 1);
5915 }
5916 
5917 /*
5918  * compile end of block: drop one scope
5919  */
5920     static void
5921 compile_endblock(cctx_T *cctx)
5922 {
5923     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
5924 
5925     cctx->ctx_scope = scope->se_outer;
5926     unwind_locals(cctx, scope->se_local_count);
5927     vim_free(scope);
5928 }
5929 
5930 /*
5931  * compile "try"
5932  * Creates a new scope for the try-endtry, pointing to the first catch and
5933  * finally.
5934  * Creates another scope for the "try" block itself.
5935  * TRY instruction sets up exception handling at runtime.
5936  *
5937  *	"try"
5938  *	    TRY -> catch1, -> finally  push trystack entry
5939  *	    ... try block
5940  *	"throw {exception}"
5941  *	    EVAL {exception}
5942  *	    THROW		create exception
5943  *	    ... try block
5944  *	" catch {expr}"
5945  *	    JUMP -> finally
5946  * catch1:  PUSH exeception
5947  *	    EVAL {expr}
5948  *	    MATCH
5949  *	    JUMP nomatch -> catch2
5950  *	    CATCH   remove exception
5951  *	    ... catch block
5952  *	" catch"
5953  *	    JUMP -> finally
5954  * catch2:  CATCH   remove exception
5955  *	    ... catch block
5956  *	" finally"
5957  * finally:
5958  *	    ... finally block
5959  *	" endtry"
5960  *	    ENDTRY  pop trystack entry, may rethrow
5961  */
5962     static char_u *
5963 compile_try(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
5964 {
5965     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5966     scope_T	*try_scope;
5967     scope_T	*scope;
5968 
5969     // scope that holds the jumps that go to catch/finally/endtry
5970     try_scope = new_scope(cctx, TRY_SCOPE);
5971     if (try_scope == NULL)
5972 	return NULL;
5973 
5974     // "catch" is set when the first ":catch" is found.
5975     // "finally" is set when ":finally" or ":endtry" is found
5976     try_scope->se_u.se_try.ts_try_label = instr->ga_len;
5977     if (generate_instr(cctx, ISN_TRY) == NULL)
5978 	return NULL;
5979 
5980     // scope for the try block itself
5981     scope = new_scope(cctx, BLOCK_SCOPE);
5982     if (scope == NULL)
5983 	return NULL;
5984 
5985     return arg;
5986 }
5987 
5988 /*
5989  * compile "catch {expr}"
5990  */
5991     static char_u *
5992 compile_catch(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx UNUSED)
5993 {
5994     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
5995     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
5996     char_u	*p;
5997     isn_T	*isn;
5998 
5999     // end block scope from :try or :catch
6000     if (scope != NULL && scope->se_type == BLOCK_SCOPE)
6001 	compile_endblock(cctx);
6002     scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
6003 
6004     // Error if not in a :try scope
6005     if (scope == NULL || scope->se_type != TRY_SCOPE)
6006     {
6007 	emsg(_(e_catch));
6008 	return NULL;
6009     }
6010 
6011     if (scope->se_u.se_try.ts_caught_all)
6012     {
6013 	emsg(_("E1033: catch unreachable after catch-all"));
6014 	return NULL;
6015     }
6016 
6017     // Jump from end of previous block to :finally or :endtry
6018     if (compile_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_try.ts_end_label,
6019 						    JUMP_ALWAYS, cctx) == FAIL)
6020 	return NULL;
6021 
6022     // End :try or :catch scope: set value in ISN_TRY instruction
6023     isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + scope->se_u.se_try.ts_try_label;
6024     if (isn->isn_arg.try.try_catch == 0)
6025 	isn->isn_arg.try.try_catch = instr->ga_len;
6026     if (scope->se_u.se_try.ts_catch_label != 0)
6027     {
6028 	// Previous catch without match jumps here
6029 	isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + scope->se_u.se_try.ts_catch_label;
6030 	isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
6031     }
6032 
6033     p = skipwhite(arg);
6034     if (ends_excmd2(arg, p))
6035     {
6036 	scope->se_u.se_try.ts_caught_all = TRUE;
6037 	scope->se_u.se_try.ts_catch_label = 0;
6038     }
6039     else
6040     {
6041 	char_u *end;
6042 	char_u *pat;
6043 	char_u *tofree = NULL;
6044 	int	dropped = 0;
6045 	int	len;
6046 
6047 	// Push v:exception, push {expr} and MATCH
6048 	generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_PUSHEXC, &t_string);
6049 
6050 	end = skip_regexp_ex(p + 1, *p, TRUE, &tofree, &dropped);
6051 	if (*end != *p)
6052 	{
6053 	    semsg(_("E1067: Separator mismatch: %s"), p);
6054 	    vim_free(tofree);
6055 	    return FAIL;
6056 	}
6057 	if (tofree == NULL)
6058 	    len = (int)(end - (p + 1));
6059 	else
6060 	    len = (int)(end - tofree);
6061 	pat = vim_strnsave(tofree == NULL ? p + 1 : tofree, len);
6062 	vim_free(tofree);
6063 	p += len + 2 + dropped;
6064 	if (pat == NULL)
6065 	    return FAIL;
6066 	if (generate_PUSHS(cctx, pat) == FAIL)
6067 	    return FAIL;
6068 
6069 	if (generate_COMPARE(cctx, EXPR_MATCH, FALSE) == FAIL)
6070 	    return NULL;
6071 
6072 	scope->se_u.se_try.ts_catch_label = instr->ga_len;
6073 	if (generate_JUMP(cctx, JUMP_IF_FALSE, 0) == FAIL)
6074 	    return NULL;
6075     }
6076 
6077     if (generate_instr(cctx, ISN_CATCH) == NULL)
6078 	return NULL;
6079 
6080     if (new_scope(cctx, BLOCK_SCOPE) == NULL)
6081 	return NULL;
6082     return p;
6083 }
6084 
6085     static char_u *
6086 compile_finally(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
6087 {
6088     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
6089     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
6090     isn_T	*isn;
6091 
6092     // end block scope from :try or :catch
6093     if (scope != NULL && scope->se_type == BLOCK_SCOPE)
6094 	compile_endblock(cctx);
6095     scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
6096 
6097     // Error if not in a :try scope
6098     if (scope == NULL || scope->se_type != TRY_SCOPE)
6099     {
6100 	emsg(_(e_finally));
6101 	return NULL;
6102     }
6103 
6104     // End :catch or :finally scope: set value in ISN_TRY instruction
6105     isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + scope->se_u.se_try.ts_try_label;
6106     if (isn->isn_arg.try.try_finally != 0)
6107     {
6108 	emsg(_(e_finally_dup));
6109 	return NULL;
6110     }
6111 
6112     // Fill in the "end" label in jumps at the end of the blocks.
6113     compile_fill_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_try.ts_end_label, cctx);
6114 
6115     isn->isn_arg.try.try_finally = instr->ga_len;
6116     if (scope->se_u.se_try.ts_catch_label != 0)
6117     {
6118 	// Previous catch without match jumps here
6119 	isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + scope->se_u.se_try.ts_catch_label;
6120 	isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
6121     }
6122 
6123     // TODO: set index in ts_finally_label jumps
6124 
6125     return arg;
6126 }
6127 
6128     static char_u *
6129 compile_endtry(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx)
6130 {
6131     scope_T	*scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
6132     garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
6133     isn_T	*isn;
6134 
6135     // end block scope from :catch or :finally
6136     if (scope != NULL && scope->se_type == BLOCK_SCOPE)
6137 	compile_endblock(cctx);
6138     scope = cctx->ctx_scope;
6139 
6140     // Error if not in a :try scope
6141     if (scope == NULL || scope->se_type != TRY_SCOPE)
6142     {
6143 	if (scope == NULL)
6144 	    emsg(_(e_no_endtry));
6145 	else if (scope->se_type == WHILE_SCOPE)
6146 	    emsg(_(e_endwhile));
6147 	else if (scope->se_type == FOR_SCOPE)
6148 	    emsg(_(e_endfor));
6149 	else
6150 	    emsg(_(e_endif));
6151 	return NULL;
6152     }
6153 
6154     isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + scope->se_u.se_try.ts_try_label;
6155     if (isn->isn_arg.try.try_catch == 0 && isn->isn_arg.try.try_finally == 0)
6156     {
6157 	emsg(_("E1032: missing :catch or :finally"));
6158 	return NULL;
6159     }
6160 
6161     // Fill in the "end" label in jumps at the end of the blocks, if not done
6162     // by ":finally".
6163     compile_fill_jump_to_end(&scope->se_u.se_try.ts_end_label, cctx);
6164 
6165     // End :catch or :finally scope: set value in ISN_TRY instruction
6166     if (isn->isn_arg.try.try_finally == 0)
6167 	isn->isn_arg.try.try_finally = instr->ga_len;
6168     compile_endblock(cctx);
6169 
6170     if (generate_instr(cctx, ISN_ENDTRY) == NULL)
6171 	return NULL;
6172     return arg;
6173 }
6174 
6175 /*
6176  * compile "throw {expr}"
6177  */
6178     static char_u *
6179 compile_throw(char_u *arg, cctx_T *cctx UNUSED)
6180 {
6181     char_u *p = skipwhite(arg);
6182 
6183     if (compile_expr0(&p, cctx) == FAIL)
6184 	return NULL;
6185     if (may_generate_2STRING(-1, cctx) == FAIL)
6186 	return NULL;
6187     if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_THROW, 1) == NULL)
6188 	return NULL;
6189 
6190     return p;
6191 }
6192 
6193 /*
6194  * compile "echo expr"
6195  * compile "echomsg expr"
6196  * compile "echoerr expr"
6197  * compile "execute expr"
6198  */
6199     static char_u *
6200 compile_mult_expr(char_u *arg, int cmdidx, cctx_T *cctx)
6201 {
6202     char_u	*p = arg;
6203     int		count = 0;
6204 
6205     for (;;)
6206     {
6207 	if (compile_expr0(&p, cctx) == FAIL)
6208 	    return NULL;
6209 	++count;
6210 	p = skipwhite(p);
6211 	if (ends_excmd(*p))
6212 	    break;
6213     }
6214 
6215     if (cmdidx == CMD_echo || cmdidx == CMD_echon)
6216 	generate_ECHO(cctx, cmdidx == CMD_echo, count);
6217     else if (cmdidx == CMD_execute)
6218 	generate_MULT_EXPR(cctx, ISN_EXECUTE, count);
6219     else if (cmdidx == CMD_echomsg)
6220 	generate_MULT_EXPR(cctx, ISN_ECHOMSG, count);
6221     else
6222 	generate_MULT_EXPR(cctx, ISN_ECHOERR, count);
6223     return p;
6224 }
6225 
6226 /*
6227  * A command that is not compiled, execute with legacy code.
6228  */
6229     static char_u *
6230 compile_exec(char_u *line, exarg_T *eap, cctx_T *cctx)
6231 {
6232     char_u  *p;
6233     int	    has_expr = FALSE;
6234 
6235     if (cctx->ctx_skip == TRUE)
6236 	goto theend;
6237 
6238     if (eap->cmdidx >= 0 && eap->cmdidx < CMD_SIZE)
6239 	has_expr = (excmd_get_argt(eap->cmdidx) & (EX_XFILE | EX_EXPAND));
6240     if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_syntax && STRNCMP(eap->arg, "include ", 8) == 0)
6241     {
6242 	// expand filename in "syntax include [@group] filename"
6243 	has_expr = TRUE;
6244 	eap->arg = skipwhite(eap->arg + 7);
6245 	if (*eap->arg == '@')
6246 	    eap->arg = skiptowhite(eap->arg);
6247     }
6248 
6249     if (has_expr && (p = (char_u *)strstr((char *)eap->arg, "`=")) != NULL)
6250     {
6251 	int	count = 0;
6252 	char_u	*start = skipwhite(line);
6253 
6254 	// :cmd xxx`=expr1`yyy`=expr2`zzz
6255 	// PUSHS ":cmd xxx"
6256 	// eval expr1
6257 	// PUSHS "yyy"
6258 	// eval expr2
6259 	// PUSHS "zzz"
6260 	// EXECCONCAT 5
6261 	for (;;)
6262 	{
6263 	    if (p > start)
6264 	    {
6265 		generate_PUSHS(cctx, vim_strnsave(start, (int)(p - start)));
6266 		++count;
6267 	    }
6268 	    p += 2;
6269 	    if (compile_expr0(&p, cctx) == FAIL)
6270 		return NULL;
6271 	    may_generate_2STRING(-1, cctx);
6272 	    ++count;
6273 	    p = skipwhite(p);
6274 	    if (*p != '`')
6275 	    {
6276 		emsg(_("E1083: missing backtick"));
6277 		return NULL;
6278 	    }
6279 	    start = p + 1;
6280 
6281 	    p = (char_u *)strstr((char *)start, "`=");
6282 	    if (p == NULL)
6283 	    {
6284 		if (*skipwhite(start) != NUL)
6285 		{
6286 		    generate_PUSHS(cctx, vim_strsave(start));
6287 		    ++count;
6288 		}
6289 		break;
6290 	    }
6291 	}
6292 	generate_EXECCONCAT(cctx, count);
6293     }
6294     else
6295 	generate_EXEC(cctx, line);
6296 
6297 theend:
6298     return (char_u *)"";
6299 }
6300 
6301 /*
6302  * Add a function to the list of :def functions.
6303  * This "sets ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx" but the function isn't compiled yet.
6304  */
6305     int
6306 add_def_function(ufunc_T *ufunc)
6307 {
6308     dfunc_T *dfunc;
6309 
6310     // Add the function to "def_functions".
6311     if (ga_grow(&def_functions, 1) == FAIL)
6312 	return FAIL;
6313     dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data) + def_functions.ga_len;
6314     CLEAR_POINTER(dfunc);
6315     dfunc->df_idx = def_functions.ga_len;
6316     ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx = dfunc->df_idx;
6317     dfunc->df_ufunc = ufunc;
6318     ++def_functions.ga_len;
6319     return OK;
6320 }
6321 
6322 /*
6323  * After ex_function() has collected all the function lines: parse and compile
6324  * the lines into instructions.
6325  * Adds the function to "def_functions".
6326  * When "set_return_type" is set then set ufunc->uf_ret_type to the type of the
6327  * return statement (used for lambda).
6328  * "outer_cctx" is set for a nested function.
6329  * This can be used recursively through compile_lambda(), which may reallocate
6330  * "def_functions".
6331  */
6332     void
6333 compile_def_function(ufunc_T *ufunc, int set_return_type, cctx_T *outer_cctx)
6334 {
6335     char_u	*line = NULL;
6336     char_u	*p;
6337     char	*errormsg = NULL;	// error message
6338     int		had_return = FALSE;
6339     cctx_T	cctx;
6340     garray_T	*instr;
6341     int		called_emsg_before = called_emsg;
6342     int		ret = FAIL;
6343     sctx_T	save_current_sctx = current_sctx;
6344     int		emsg_before = called_emsg;
6345 
6346     if (ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx >= 0)
6347     {
6348 	// Redefining a function that was compiled before.
6349 	dfunc_T *dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
6350 							 + ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
6351 	// Free old instructions.
6352 	delete_def_function_contents(dfunc);
6353     }
6354     else if (add_def_function(ufunc) == FAIL)
6355 	return;
6356 
6357     CLEAR_FIELD(cctx);
6358     cctx.ctx_ufunc = ufunc;
6359     cctx.ctx_lnum = -1;
6360     cctx.ctx_outer = outer_cctx;
6361     ga_init2(&cctx.ctx_locals, sizeof(lvar_T), 10);
6362     ga_init2(&cctx.ctx_type_stack, sizeof(type_T *), 50);
6363     ga_init2(&cctx.ctx_imports, sizeof(imported_T), 10);
6364     cctx.ctx_type_list = &ufunc->uf_type_list;
6365     ga_init2(&cctx.ctx_instr, sizeof(isn_T), 50);
6366     instr = &cctx.ctx_instr;
6367 
6368     // Most modern script version.
6369     current_sctx.sc_version = SCRIPT_VERSION_VIM9;
6370 
6371     if (ufunc->uf_def_args.ga_len > 0)
6372     {
6373 	int	count = ufunc->uf_def_args.ga_len;
6374 	int	first_def_arg = ufunc->uf_args.ga_len - count;
6375 	int	i;
6376 	char_u	*arg;
6377 	int	off = STACK_FRAME_SIZE + (ufunc->uf_va_name != NULL ? 1 : 0);
6378 
6379 	// Produce instructions for the default values of optional arguments.
6380 	// Store the instruction index in uf_def_arg_idx[] so that we know
6381 	// where to start when the function is called, depending on the number
6382 	// of arguments.
6383 	ufunc->uf_def_arg_idx = ALLOC_CLEAR_MULT(int, count + 1);
6384 	if (ufunc->uf_def_arg_idx == NULL)
6385 	    goto erret;
6386 	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
6387 	{
6388 	    garray_T	*stack = &cctx.ctx_type_stack;
6389 	    type_T	*val_type;
6390 	    int		arg_idx = first_def_arg + i;
6391 
6392 	    ufunc->uf_def_arg_idx[i] = instr->ga_len;
6393 	    arg = ((char_u **)(ufunc->uf_def_args.ga_data))[i];
6394 	    if (compile_expr0(&arg, &cctx) == FAIL)
6395 		goto erret;
6396 
6397 	    // If no type specified use the type of the default value.
6398 	    // Otherwise check that the default value type matches the
6399 	    // specified type.
6400 	    val_type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
6401 	    if (ufunc->uf_arg_types[arg_idx] == &t_unknown)
6402 		ufunc->uf_arg_types[arg_idx] = val_type;
6403 	    else if (check_type(ufunc->uf_arg_types[i], val_type, FALSE)
6404 								       == FAIL)
6405 	    {
6406 		arg_type_mismatch(ufunc->uf_arg_types[arg_idx], val_type,
6407 								  arg_idx + 1);
6408 		goto erret;
6409 	    }
6410 
6411 	    if (generate_STORE(&cctx, ISN_STORE, i - count - off, NULL) == FAIL)
6412 		goto erret;
6413 	}
6414 	ufunc->uf_def_arg_idx[count] = instr->ga_len;
6415     }
6416 
6417     /*
6418      * Loop over all the lines of the function and generate instructions.
6419      */
6420     for (;;)
6421     {
6422 	exarg_T	ea;
6423 	int	starts_with_colon = FALSE;
6424 
6425 	// Bail out on the first error to avoid a flood of errors and report
6426 	// the right line number when inside try/catch.
6427 	if (emsg_before != called_emsg)
6428 	    goto erret;
6429 
6430 	if (line != NULL && *line == '|')
6431 	    // the line continues after a '|'
6432 	    ++line;
6433 	else if (line != NULL && *line != NUL
6434 		&& !(*line == '#' && (line == cctx.ctx_line_start
6435 						    || VIM_ISWHITE(line[-1]))))
6436 	{
6437 	    semsg(_("E488: Trailing characters: %s"), line);
6438 	    goto erret;
6439 	}
6440 	else
6441 	{
6442 	    line = next_line_from_context(&cctx);
6443 	    if (cctx.ctx_lnum >= ufunc->uf_lines.ga_len)
6444 		// beyond the last line
6445 		break;
6446 	}
6447 	emsg_before = called_emsg;
6448 
6449 	had_return = FALSE;
6450 	CLEAR_FIELD(ea);
6451 	ea.cmdlinep = &line;
6452 	ea.cmd = skipwhite(line);
6453 
6454 	// Some things can be recognized by the first character.
6455 	switch (*ea.cmd)
6456 	{
6457 	    case '#':
6458 		// "#" starts a comment, but "#{" does not.
6459 		if (ea.cmd[1] != '{')
6460 		{
6461 		    line = (char_u *)"";
6462 		    continue;
6463 		}
6464 		break;
6465 
6466 	    case '}':
6467 		{
6468 		    // "}" ends a block scope
6469 		    scopetype_T stype = cctx.ctx_scope == NULL
6470 					  ? NO_SCOPE : cctx.ctx_scope->se_type;
6471 
6472 		    if (stype == BLOCK_SCOPE)
6473 		    {
6474 			compile_endblock(&cctx);
6475 			line = ea.cmd;
6476 		    }
6477 		    else
6478 		    {
6479 			emsg(_("E1025: using } outside of a block scope"));
6480 			goto erret;
6481 		    }
6482 		    if (line != NULL)
6483 			line = skipwhite(ea.cmd + 1);
6484 		    continue;
6485 		}
6486 
6487 	    case '{':
6488 		// "{" starts a block scope
6489 		// "{'a': 1}->func() is something else
6490 		if (ends_excmd(*skipwhite(ea.cmd + 1)))
6491 		{
6492 		    line = compile_block(ea.cmd, &cctx);
6493 		    continue;
6494 		}
6495 		break;
6496 
6497 	    case ':':
6498 		starts_with_colon = TRUE;
6499 		break;
6500 	}
6501 
6502 	/*
6503 	 * COMMAND MODIFIERS
6504 	 */
6505 	if (parse_command_modifiers(&ea, &errormsg, FALSE) == FAIL)
6506 	{
6507 	    if (errormsg != NULL)
6508 		goto erret;
6509 	    // empty line or comment
6510 	    line = (char_u *)"";
6511 	    continue;
6512 	}
6513 
6514 	// Skip ":call" to get to the function name.
6515 	if (checkforcmd(&ea.cmd, "call", 3))
6516 	    ea.cmd = skipwhite(ea.cmd);
6517 
6518 	if (!starts_with_colon)
6519 	{
6520 	    char_u *pskip;
6521 
6522 	    // Assuming the command starts with a variable or function name,
6523 	    // find what follows.
6524 	    // Skip over "var.member", "var[idx]" and the like.
6525 	    // Also "&opt = val", "$ENV = val" and "@r = val".
6526 	    pskip = (*ea.cmd == '&' || *ea.cmd == '$' || *ea.cmd == '@')
6527 							 ? ea.cmd + 1 : ea.cmd;
6528 	    p = to_name_end(pskip, TRUE);
6529 	    if (p > ea.cmd && *p != NUL)
6530 	    {
6531 		char_u *var_end;
6532 		int	oplen;
6533 		int	heredoc;
6534 
6535 		var_end = find_name_end(pskip, NULL, NULL,
6536 						FNE_CHECK_START | FNE_INCL_BR);
6537 		oplen = assignment_len(skipwhite(var_end), &heredoc);
6538 		if (oplen > 0)
6539 		{
6540 		    size_t len = p - ea.cmd;
6541 
6542 		    // Recognize an assignment if we recognize the variable
6543 		    // name:
6544 		    // "g:var = expr"
6545 		    // "local = expr"  where "local" is a local var.
6546 		    // "script = expr"  where "script" is a script-local var.
6547 		    // "import = expr"  where "import" is an imported var
6548 		    // "&opt = expr"
6549 		    // "$ENV = expr"
6550 		    // "@r = expr"
6551 		    if (*ea.cmd == '&'
6552 			    || *ea.cmd == '$'
6553 			    || *ea.cmd == '@'
6554 			    || ((len) > 2 && ea.cmd[1] == ':')
6555 			    || lookup_local(ea.cmd, len, &cctx) != NULL
6556 			    || lookup_arg(ea.cmd, len, NULL, NULL,
6557 							     NULL, &cctx) == OK
6558 			    || lookup_script(ea.cmd, len) == OK
6559 			    || find_imported(ea.cmd, len, &cctx) != NULL)
6560 		    {
6561 			line = compile_assignment(ea.cmd, &ea, CMD_SIZE, &cctx);
6562 			if (line == NULL)
6563 			    goto erret;
6564 			continue;
6565 		    }
6566 		}
6567 	    }
6568 	}
6569 
6570 	/*
6571 	 * COMMAND after range
6572 	 */
6573 	ea.cmd = skip_range(ea.cmd, NULL);
6574 	p = find_ex_command(&ea, NULL, starts_with_colon ? NULL
6575 		   : (void *(*)(char_u *, size_t, cctx_T *))lookup_local,
6576 									&cctx);
6577 
6578 	if (p == ea.cmd && ea.cmdidx != CMD_SIZE)
6579 	{
6580 	    if (cctx.ctx_skip == TRUE)
6581 	    {
6582 		line += STRLEN(line);
6583 		continue;
6584 	    }
6585 
6586 	    // Expression or function call.
6587 	    if (ea.cmdidx == CMD_eval)
6588 	    {
6589 		p = ea.cmd;
6590 		if (compile_expr0(&p, &cctx) == FAIL)
6591 		    goto erret;
6592 
6593 		// drop the return value
6594 		generate_instr_drop(&cctx, ISN_DROP, 1);
6595 		line = p;
6596 		continue;
6597 	    }
6598 	    // CMD_let cannot happen, compile_assignment() above is used
6599 	    iemsg("Command from find_ex_command() not handled");
6600 	    goto erret;
6601 	}
6602 
6603 	p = skipwhite(p);
6604 
6605 	if (cctx.ctx_skip == TRUE
6606 		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_elseif
6607 		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_else
6608 		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_endif)
6609 	{
6610 	    line = (char_u *)"";
6611 	    continue;
6612 	}
6613 
6614 	switch (ea.cmdidx)
6615 	{
6616 	    case CMD_def:
6617 		    ea.arg = p;
6618 		    line = compile_nested_function(&ea, &cctx);
6619 		    break;
6620 
6621 	    case CMD_function:
6622 		    emsg(_("E1086: Cannot use :function inside :def"));
6623 		    goto erret;
6624 
6625 	    case CMD_return:
6626 		    line = compile_return(p, set_return_type, &cctx);
6627 		    had_return = TRUE;
6628 		    break;
6629 
6630 	    case CMD_let:
6631 	    case CMD_const:
6632 		    line = compile_assignment(p, &ea, ea.cmdidx, &cctx);
6633 		    break;
6634 
6635 	    case CMD_unlet:
6636 	    case CMD_unlockvar:
6637 	    case CMD_lockvar:
6638 		    line = compile_unletlock(p, &ea, &cctx);
6639 		    break;
6640 
6641 	    case CMD_import:
6642 		    line = compile_import(p, &cctx);
6643 		    break;
6644 
6645 	    case CMD_if:
6646 		    line = compile_if(p, &cctx);
6647 		    break;
6648 	    case CMD_elseif:
6649 		    line = compile_elseif(p, &cctx);
6650 		    break;
6651 	    case CMD_else:
6652 		    line = compile_else(p, &cctx);
6653 		    break;
6654 	    case CMD_endif:
6655 		    line = compile_endif(p, &cctx);
6656 		    break;
6657 
6658 	    case CMD_while:
6659 		    line = compile_while(p, &cctx);
6660 		    break;
6661 	    case CMD_endwhile:
6662 		    line = compile_endwhile(p, &cctx);
6663 		    break;
6664 
6665 	    case CMD_for:
6666 		    line = compile_for(p, &cctx);
6667 		    break;
6668 	    case CMD_endfor:
6669 		    line = compile_endfor(p, &cctx);
6670 		    break;
6671 	    case CMD_continue:
6672 		    line = compile_continue(p, &cctx);
6673 		    break;
6674 	    case CMD_break:
6675 		    line = compile_break(p, &cctx);
6676 		    break;
6677 
6678 	    case CMD_try:
6679 		    line = compile_try(p, &cctx);
6680 		    break;
6681 	    case CMD_catch:
6682 		    line = compile_catch(p, &cctx);
6683 		    break;
6684 	    case CMD_finally:
6685 		    line = compile_finally(p, &cctx);
6686 		    break;
6687 	    case CMD_endtry:
6688 		    line = compile_endtry(p, &cctx);
6689 		    break;
6690 	    case CMD_throw:
6691 		    line = compile_throw(p, &cctx);
6692 		    break;
6693 
6694 	    case CMD_echo:
6695 	    case CMD_echon:
6696 	    case CMD_execute:
6697 	    case CMD_echomsg:
6698 	    case CMD_echoerr:
6699 		    line = compile_mult_expr(p, ea.cmdidx, &cctx);
6700 		    break;
6701 
6702 	    default:
6703 		    // TODO: other commands with an expression argument
6704 		    // Not recognized, execute with do_cmdline_cmd().
6705 		    ea.arg = p;
6706 		    line = compile_exec(line, &ea, &cctx);
6707 		    break;
6708 	}
6709 	if (line == NULL)
6710 	    goto erret;
6711 	line = skipwhite(line);
6712 
6713 	if (cctx.ctx_type_stack.ga_len < 0)
6714 	{
6715 	    iemsg("Type stack underflow");
6716 	    goto erret;
6717 	}
6718     }
6719 
6720     if (cctx.ctx_scope != NULL)
6721     {
6722 	if (cctx.ctx_scope->se_type == IF_SCOPE)
6723 	    emsg(_(e_endif));
6724 	else if (cctx.ctx_scope->se_type == WHILE_SCOPE)
6725 	    emsg(_(e_endwhile));
6726 	else if (cctx.ctx_scope->se_type == FOR_SCOPE)
6727 	    emsg(_(e_endfor));
6728 	else
6729 	    emsg(_("E1026: Missing }"));
6730 	goto erret;
6731     }
6732 
6733     if (!had_return)
6734     {
6735 	if (ufunc->uf_ret_type->tt_type != VAR_VOID)
6736 	{
6737 	    emsg(_("E1027: Missing return statement"));
6738 	    goto erret;
6739 	}
6740 
6741 	// Return zero if there is no return at the end.
6742 	generate_PUSHNR(&cctx, 0);
6743 	generate_instr(&cctx, ISN_RETURN);
6744     }
6745 
6746     {
6747 	dfunc_T	*dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
6748 							 + ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
6749 	dfunc->df_deleted = FALSE;
6750 	dfunc->df_instr = instr->ga_data;
6751 	dfunc->df_instr_count = instr->ga_len;
6752 	dfunc->df_varcount = cctx.ctx_locals_count;
6753 	dfunc->df_closure_count = cctx.ctx_closure_count;
6754 	if (cctx.ctx_outer_used)
6755 	    ufunc->uf_flags |= FC_CLOSURE;
6756     }
6757 
6758     {
6759 	int varargs = ufunc->uf_va_name != NULL;
6760 	int argcount = ufunc->uf_args.ga_len;
6761 
6762 	// Create a type for the function, with the return type and any
6763 	// argument types.
6764 	// A vararg is included in uf_args.ga_len but not in uf_arg_types.
6765 	// The type is included in "tt_args".
6766 	if (argcount > 0 || varargs)
6767 	{
6768 	    ufunc->uf_func_type = alloc_func_type(ufunc->uf_ret_type,
6769 					       argcount, &ufunc->uf_type_list);
6770 	    // Add argument types to the function type.
6771 	    if (func_type_add_arg_types(ufunc->uf_func_type,
6772 					argcount + varargs,
6773 					&ufunc->uf_type_list) == FAIL)
6774 	    {
6775 		ret = FAIL;
6776 		goto erret;
6777 	    }
6778 	    ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_argcount = argcount + varargs;
6779 	    ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_min_argcount =
6780 					  argcount - ufunc->uf_def_args.ga_len;
6781 	    if (ufunc->uf_arg_types == NULL)
6782 	    {
6783 		int i;
6784 
6785 		// lambda does not have argument types.
6786 		for (i = 0; i < argcount; ++i)
6787 		    ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_args[i] = &t_any;
6788 	    }
6789 	    else
6790 		mch_memmove(ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_args,
6791 			     ufunc->uf_arg_types, sizeof(type_T *) * argcount);
6792 	    if (varargs)
6793 	    {
6794 		ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_args[argcount] =
6795 			ufunc->uf_va_type == NULL ? &t_any : ufunc->uf_va_type;
6796 		ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_flags = TTFLAG_VARARGS;
6797 	    }
6798 	}
6799 	else
6800 	    // No arguments, can use a predefined type.
6801 	    ufunc->uf_func_type = get_func_type(ufunc->uf_ret_type,
6802 					       argcount, &ufunc->uf_type_list);
6803 
6804     }
6805 
6806     ret = OK;
6807 
6808 erret:
6809     if (ret == FAIL)
6810     {
6811 	int idx;
6812 	dfunc_T	*dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
6813 							 + ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
6814 
6815 	for (idx = 0; idx < instr->ga_len; ++idx)
6816 	    delete_instr(((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + idx);
6817 	ga_clear(instr);
6818 
6819 	ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx = -1;
6820 	if (!dfunc->df_deleted)
6821 	    --def_functions.ga_len;
6822 
6823 	while (cctx.ctx_scope != NULL)
6824 	    drop_scope(&cctx);
6825 
6826 	// Don't execute this function body.
6827 	ga_clear_strings(&ufunc->uf_lines);
6828 
6829 	if (errormsg != NULL)
6830 	    emsg(errormsg);
6831 	else if (called_emsg == called_emsg_before)
6832 	    emsg(_("E1028: compile_def_function failed"));
6833     }
6834 
6835     current_sctx = save_current_sctx;
6836     free_imported(&cctx);
6837     free_locals(&cctx);
6838     ga_clear(&cctx.ctx_type_stack);
6839 }
6840 
6841 /*
6842  * Delete an instruction, free what it contains.
6843  */
6844     void
6845 delete_instr(isn_T *isn)
6846 {
6847     switch (isn->isn_type)
6848     {
6849 	case ISN_EXEC:
6850 	case ISN_LOADENV:
6851 	case ISN_LOADG:
6852 	case ISN_LOADB:
6853 	case ISN_LOADW:
6854 	case ISN_LOADT:
6855 	case ISN_LOADOPT:
6856 	case ISN_STRINGMEMBER:
6857 	case ISN_PUSHEXC:
6858 	case ISN_PUSHS:
6859 	case ISN_STOREENV:
6860 	case ISN_STOREG:
6861 	case ISN_STOREB:
6862 	case ISN_STOREW:
6863 	case ISN_STORET:
6864 	case ISN_PUSHFUNC:
6865 	    vim_free(isn->isn_arg.string);
6866 	    break;
6867 
6868 	case ISN_LOADS:
6869 	case ISN_STORES:
6870 	    vim_free(isn->isn_arg.loadstore.ls_name);
6871 	    break;
6872 
6873 	case ISN_UNLET:
6874 	case ISN_UNLETENV:
6875 	    vim_free(isn->isn_arg.unlet.ul_name);
6876 	    break;
6877 
6878 	case ISN_STOREOPT:
6879 	    vim_free(isn->isn_arg.storeopt.so_name);
6880 	    break;
6881 
6882 	case ISN_PUSHBLOB:   // push blob isn_arg.blob
6883 	    blob_unref(isn->isn_arg.blob);
6884 	    break;
6885 
6886 	case ISN_PUSHJOB:
6887 #ifdef FEAT_JOB_CHANNEL
6888 	    job_unref(isn->isn_arg.job);
6889 #endif
6890 	    break;
6891 
6892 	case ISN_PUSHCHANNEL:
6893 #ifdef FEAT_JOB_CHANNEL
6894 	    channel_unref(isn->isn_arg.channel);
6895 #endif
6896 	    break;
6897 
6898 	case ISN_UCALL:
6899 	    vim_free(isn->isn_arg.ufunc.cuf_name);
6900 	    break;
6901 
6902 	case ISN_FUNCREF:
6903 	    {
6904 		dfunc_T *dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
6905 					       + isn->isn_arg.funcref.fr_func;
6906 		func_ptr_unref(dfunc->df_ufunc);
6907 	    }
6908 	    break;
6909 
6910 	case ISN_2BOOL:
6911 	case ISN_2STRING:
6912 	case ISN_ADDBLOB:
6913 	case ISN_ADDLIST:
6914 	case ISN_BCALL:
6915 	case ISN_CATCH:
6916 	case ISN_CHECKNR:
6917 	case ISN_CHECKTYPE:
6918 	case ISN_COMPAREANY:
6919 	case ISN_COMPAREBLOB:
6920 	case ISN_COMPAREBOOL:
6921 	case ISN_COMPAREDICT:
6922 	case ISN_COMPAREFLOAT:
6923 	case ISN_COMPAREFUNC:
6924 	case ISN_COMPARELIST:
6925 	case ISN_COMPARENR:
6926 	case ISN_COMPARESPECIAL:
6927 	case ISN_COMPARESTRING:
6928 	case ISN_CONCAT:
6929 	case ISN_DCALL:
6930 	case ISN_DROP:
6931 	case ISN_ECHO:
6932 	case ISN_ECHOERR:
6933 	case ISN_ECHOMSG:
6934 	case ISN_ENDTRY:
6935 	case ISN_EXECCONCAT:
6936 	case ISN_EXECUTE:
6937 	case ISN_FOR:
6938 	case ISN_INDEX:
6939 	case ISN_MEMBER:
6940 	case ISN_JUMP:
6941 	case ISN_LOAD:
6942 	case ISN_LOADOUTER:
6943 	case ISN_LOADSCRIPT:
6944 	case ISN_LOADREG:
6945 	case ISN_LOADV:
6946 	case ISN_NEGATENR:
6947 	case ISN_NEWDICT:
6948 	case ISN_NEWLIST:
6949 	case ISN_OPNR:
6950 	case ISN_OPFLOAT:
6951 	case ISN_OPANY:
6952 	case ISN_PCALL:
6953 	case ISN_PCALL_END:
6954 	case ISN_PUSHF:
6955 	case ISN_PUSHNR:
6956 	case ISN_PUSHBOOL:
6957 	case ISN_PUSHSPEC:
6958 	case ISN_RETURN:
6959 	case ISN_STORE:
6960 	case ISN_STOREOUTER:
6961 	case ISN_STOREV:
6962 	case ISN_STORENR:
6963 	case ISN_STOREREG:
6964 	case ISN_STORESCRIPT:
6965 	case ISN_STOREDICT:
6966 	case ISN_STORELIST:
6967 	case ISN_THROW:
6968 	case ISN_TRY:
6969 	    // nothing allocated
6970 	    break;
6971     }
6972 }
6973 
6974 /*
6975  * Free all instructions for "dfunc".
6976  */
6977     static void
6978 delete_def_function_contents(dfunc_T *dfunc)
6979 {
6980     int idx;
6981 
6982     ga_clear(&dfunc->df_def_args_isn);
6983 
6984     if (dfunc->df_instr != NULL)
6985     {
6986 	for (idx = 0; idx < dfunc->df_instr_count; ++idx)
6987 	    delete_instr(dfunc->df_instr + idx);
6988 	VIM_CLEAR(dfunc->df_instr);
6989     }
6990 
6991     dfunc->df_deleted = TRUE;
6992 }
6993 
6994 /*
6995  * When a user function is deleted, delete any associated def function.
6996  */
6997     void
6998 delete_def_function(ufunc_T *ufunc)
6999 {
7000     if (ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx >= 0)
7001     {
7002 	dfunc_T *dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
7003 							 + ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
7004 
7005 	delete_def_function_contents(dfunc);
7006     }
7007 }
7008 
7009 #if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
7010 /*
7011  * Free all functions defined with ":def".
7012  */
7013     void
7014 free_def_functions(void)
7015 {
7016     int idx;
7017 
7018     for (idx = 0; idx < def_functions.ga_len; ++idx)
7019     {
7020 	dfunc_T *dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data) + idx;
7021 
7022 	delete_def_function_contents(dfunc);
7023     }
7024 
7025     ga_clear(&def_functions);
7026 }
7027 #endif
7028 
7029 
7030 #endif // FEAT_EVAL
7031