xref: /vim-8.2.3635/src/ex_cmds.c (revision e16b00a1)
1 /* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
2  *
3  * VIM - Vi IMproved	by Bram Moolenaar
4  *
5  * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
6  * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
7  * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
8  */
9 
10 /*
11  * ex_cmds.c: some functions for command line commands
12  */
13 
14 #include "vim.h"
15 #include "version.h"
16 
17 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
18 # include <float.h>
19 #endif
20 
21 static int linelen(int *has_tab);
22 static void do_filter(linenr_T line1, linenr_T line2, exarg_T *eap, char_u *cmd, int do_in, int do_out);
23 #ifdef FEAT_VIMINFO
24 static char_u *viminfo_filename(char_u	*);
25 static void do_viminfo(FILE *fp_in, FILE *fp_out, int flags);
26 static int viminfo_encoding(vir_T *virp);
27 static int read_viminfo_up_to_marks(vir_T *virp, int forceit, int writing);
28 #endif
29 
30 static int check_readonly(int *forceit, buf_T *buf);
31 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
32 static void delbuf_msg(char_u *name);
33 #endif
34 static int
35 #ifdef __BORLANDC__
36     _RTLENTRYF
37 #endif
38 	help_compare(const void *s1, const void *s2);
39 static void prepare_help_buffer(void);
40 
41 /*
42  * ":ascii" and "ga".
43  */
44     void
45 do_ascii(exarg_T *eap UNUSED)
46 {
47     int		c;
48     int		cval;
49     char	buf1[20];
50     char	buf2[20];
51     char_u	buf3[7];
52 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
53     int		cc[MAX_MCO];
54     int		ci = 0;
55     int		len;
56 
57     if (enc_utf8)
58 	c = utfc_ptr2char(ml_get_cursor(), cc);
59     else
60 #endif
61 	c = gchar_cursor();
62     if (c == NUL)
63     {
64 	MSG("NUL");
65 	return;
66     }
67 
68 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
69     IObuff[0] = NUL;
70     if (!has_mbyte || (enc_dbcs != 0 && c < 0x100) || c < 0x80)
71 #endif
72     {
73 	if (c == NL)	    /* NUL is stored as NL */
74 	    c = NUL;
75 	if (c == CAR && get_fileformat(curbuf) == EOL_MAC)
76 	    cval = NL;	    /* NL is stored as CR */
77 	else
78 	    cval = c;
79 	if (vim_isprintc_strict(c) && (c < ' '
80 #ifndef EBCDIC
81 		    || c > '~'
82 #endif
83 			       ))
84 	{
85 	    transchar_nonprint(buf3, c);
86 	    vim_snprintf(buf1, sizeof(buf1), "  <%s>", (char *)buf3);
87 	}
88 	else
89 	    buf1[0] = NUL;
90 #ifndef EBCDIC
91 	if (c >= 0x80)
92 	    vim_snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2), "  <M-%s>",
93 						 (char *)transchar(c & 0x7f));
94 	else
95 #endif
96 	    buf2[0] = NUL;
97 	vim_snprintf((char *)IObuff, IOSIZE,
98 		_("<%s>%s%s  %d,  Hex %02x,  Octal %03o"),
99 				  transchar(c), buf1, buf2, cval, cval, cval);
100 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
101 	if (enc_utf8)
102 	    c = cc[ci++];
103 	else
104 	    c = 0;
105 #endif
106     }
107 
108 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
109     /* Repeat for combining characters. */
110     while (has_mbyte && (c >= 0x100 || (enc_utf8 && c >= 0x80)))
111     {
112 	len = (int)STRLEN(IObuff);
113 	/* This assumes every multi-byte char is printable... */
114 	if (len > 0)
115 	    IObuff[len++] = ' ';
116 	IObuff[len++] = '<';
117 	if (enc_utf8 && utf_iscomposing(c)
118 # ifdef USE_GUI
119 		&& !gui.in_use
120 # endif
121 		)
122 	    IObuff[len++] = ' '; /* draw composing char on top of a space */
123 	len += (*mb_char2bytes)(c, IObuff + len);
124 	vim_snprintf((char *)IObuff + len, IOSIZE - len,
125 			c < 0x10000 ? _("> %d, Hex %04x, Octal %o")
126 				    : _("> %d, Hex %08x, Octal %o"), c, c, c);
127 	if (ci == MAX_MCO)
128 	    break;
129 	if (enc_utf8)
130 	    c = cc[ci++];
131 	else
132 	    c = 0;
133     }
134 #endif
135 
136     msg(IObuff);
137 }
138 
139 /*
140  * ":left", ":center" and ":right": align text.
141  */
142     void
143 ex_align(exarg_T *eap)
144 {
145     pos_T	save_curpos;
146     int		len;
147     int		indent = 0;
148     int		new_indent;
149     int		has_tab;
150     int		width;
151 
152 #ifdef FEAT_RIGHTLEFT
153     if (curwin->w_p_rl)
154     {
155 	/* switch left and right aligning */
156 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_right)
157 	    eap->cmdidx = CMD_left;
158 	else if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_left)
159 	    eap->cmdidx = CMD_right;
160     }
161 #endif
162 
163     width = atoi((char *)eap->arg);
164     save_curpos = curwin->w_cursor;
165     if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_left)    /* width is used for new indent */
166     {
167 	if (width >= 0)
168 	    indent = width;
169     }
170     else
171     {
172 	/*
173 	 * if 'textwidth' set, use it
174 	 * else if 'wrapmargin' set, use it
175 	 * if invalid value, use 80
176 	 */
177 	if (width <= 0)
178 	    width = curbuf->b_p_tw;
179 	if (width == 0 && curbuf->b_p_wm > 0)
180 	    width = W_WIDTH(curwin) - curbuf->b_p_wm;
181 	if (width <= 0)
182 	    width = 80;
183     }
184 
185     if (u_save((linenr_T)(eap->line1 - 1), (linenr_T)(eap->line2 + 1)) == FAIL)
186 	return;
187 
188     for (curwin->w_cursor.lnum = eap->line1;
189 		 curwin->w_cursor.lnum <= eap->line2; ++curwin->w_cursor.lnum)
190     {
191 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_left)		/* left align */
192 	    new_indent = indent;
193 	else
194 	{
195 	    has_tab = FALSE;	/* avoid uninit warnings */
196 	    len = linelen(eap->cmdidx == CMD_right ? &has_tab
197 						   : NULL) - get_indent();
198 
199 	    if (len <= 0)			/* skip blank lines */
200 		continue;
201 
202 	    if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_center)
203 		new_indent = (width - len) / 2;
204 	    else
205 	    {
206 		new_indent = width - len;	/* right align */
207 
208 		/*
209 		 * Make sure that embedded TABs don't make the text go too far
210 		 * to the right.
211 		 */
212 		if (has_tab)
213 		    while (new_indent > 0)
214 		    {
215 			(void)set_indent(new_indent, 0);
216 			if (linelen(NULL) <= width)
217 			{
218 			    /*
219 			     * Now try to move the line as much as possible to
220 			     * the right.  Stop when it moves too far.
221 			     */
222 			    do
223 				(void)set_indent(++new_indent, 0);
224 			    while (linelen(NULL) <= width);
225 			    --new_indent;
226 			    break;
227 			}
228 			--new_indent;
229 		    }
230 	    }
231 	}
232 	if (new_indent < 0)
233 	    new_indent = 0;
234 	(void)set_indent(new_indent, 0);		/* set indent */
235     }
236     changed_lines(eap->line1, 0, eap->line2 + 1, 0L);
237     curwin->w_cursor = save_curpos;
238     beginline(BL_WHITE | BL_FIX);
239 }
240 
241 /*
242  * Get the length of the current line, excluding trailing white space.
243  */
244     static int
245 linelen(int *has_tab)
246 {
247     char_u  *line;
248     char_u  *first;
249     char_u  *last;
250     int	    save;
251     int	    len;
252 
253     /* find the first non-blank character */
254     line = ml_get_curline();
255     first = skipwhite(line);
256 
257     /* find the character after the last non-blank character */
258     for (last = first + STRLEN(first);
259 				last > first && VIM_ISWHITE(last[-1]); --last)
260 	;
261     save = *last;
262     *last = NUL;
263     len = linetabsize(line);		/* get line length */
264     if (has_tab != NULL)		/* check for embedded TAB */
265 	*has_tab = (vim_strrchr(first, TAB) != NULL);
266     *last = save;
267 
268     return len;
269 }
270 
271 /* Buffer for two lines used during sorting.  They are allocated to
272  * contain the longest line being sorted. */
273 static char_u	*sortbuf1;
274 static char_u	*sortbuf2;
275 
276 static int	sort_ic;	/* ignore case */
277 static int	sort_nr;	/* sort on number */
278 static int	sort_rx;	/* sort on regex instead of skipping it */
279 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
280 static int	sort_flt;	/* sort on floating number */
281 #endif
282 
283 static int	sort_abort;	/* flag to indicate if sorting has been interrupted */
284 
285 /* Struct to store info to be sorted. */
286 typedef struct
287 {
288     linenr_T	lnum;			/* line number */
289     union {
290 	struct
291 	{
292 	    varnumber_T	start_col_nr;		/* starting column number */
293 	    varnumber_T	end_col_nr;		/* ending column number */
294 	} line;
295 	varnumber_T	value;		/* value if sorting by integer */
296 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
297 	float_T value_flt;	/* value if sorting by float */
298 #endif
299     } st_u;
300 } sorti_T;
301 
302 static int
303 #ifdef __BORLANDC__
304 _RTLENTRYF
305 #endif
306 sort_compare(const void *s1, const void *s2);
307 
308     static int
309 #ifdef __BORLANDC__
310 _RTLENTRYF
311 #endif
312 sort_compare(const void *s1, const void *s2)
313 {
314     sorti_T	l1 = *(sorti_T *)s1;
315     sorti_T	l2 = *(sorti_T *)s2;
316     int		result = 0;
317 
318     /* If the user interrupts, there's no way to stop qsort() immediately, but
319      * if we return 0 every time, qsort will assume it's done sorting and
320      * exit. */
321     if (sort_abort)
322 	return 0;
323     fast_breakcheck();
324     if (got_int)
325 	sort_abort = TRUE;
326 
327     /* When sorting numbers "start_col_nr" is the number, not the column
328      * number. */
329     if (sort_nr)
330 	result = l1.st_u.value == l2.st_u.value ? 0
331 				 : l1.st_u.value > l2.st_u.value ? 1 : -1;
332 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
333     else if (sort_flt)
334 	result = l1.st_u.value_flt == l2.st_u.value_flt ? 0
335 			     : l1.st_u.value_flt > l2.st_u.value_flt ? 1 : -1;
336 #endif
337     else
338     {
339 	/* We need to copy one line into "sortbuf1", because there is no
340 	 * guarantee that the first pointer becomes invalid when obtaining the
341 	 * second one. */
342 	STRNCPY(sortbuf1, ml_get(l1.lnum) + l1.st_u.line.start_col_nr,
343 		     l1.st_u.line.end_col_nr - l1.st_u.line.start_col_nr + 1);
344 	sortbuf1[l1.st_u.line.end_col_nr - l1.st_u.line.start_col_nr] = 0;
345 	STRNCPY(sortbuf2, ml_get(l2.lnum) + l2.st_u.line.start_col_nr,
346 		     l2.st_u.line.end_col_nr - l2.st_u.line.start_col_nr + 1);
347 	sortbuf2[l2.st_u.line.end_col_nr - l2.st_u.line.start_col_nr] = 0;
348 
349 	result = sort_ic ? STRICMP(sortbuf1, sortbuf2)
350 						 : STRCMP(sortbuf1, sortbuf2);
351     }
352 
353     /* If two lines have the same value, preserve the original line order. */
354     if (result == 0)
355 	return (int)(l1.lnum - l2.lnum);
356     return result;
357 }
358 
359 /*
360  * ":sort".
361  */
362     void
363 ex_sort(exarg_T *eap)
364 {
365     regmatch_T	regmatch;
366     int		len;
367     linenr_T	lnum;
368     long	maxlen = 0;
369     sorti_T	*nrs;
370     size_t	count = (size_t)(eap->line2 - eap->line1 + 1);
371     size_t	i;
372     char_u	*p;
373     char_u	*s;
374     char_u	*s2;
375     char_u	c;			/* temporary character storage */
376     int		unique = FALSE;
377     long	deleted;
378     colnr_T	start_col;
379     colnr_T	end_col;
380     int		sort_what = 0;
381     int		format_found = 0;
382 
383     /* Sorting one line is really quick! */
384     if (count <= 1)
385 	return;
386 
387     if (u_save((linenr_T)(eap->line1 - 1), (linenr_T)(eap->line2 + 1)) == FAIL)
388 	return;
389     sortbuf1 = NULL;
390     sortbuf2 = NULL;
391     regmatch.regprog = NULL;
392     nrs = (sorti_T *)lalloc((long_u)(count * sizeof(sorti_T)), TRUE);
393     if (nrs == NULL)
394 	goto sortend;
395 
396     sort_abort = sort_ic = sort_rx = sort_nr = 0;
397 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
398     sort_flt = 0;
399 #endif
400 
401     for (p = eap->arg; *p != NUL; ++p)
402     {
403 	if (VIM_ISWHITE(*p))
404 	    ;
405 	else if (*p == 'i')
406 	    sort_ic = TRUE;
407 	else if (*p == 'r')
408 	    sort_rx = TRUE;
409 	else if (*p == 'n')
410 	{
411 	    sort_nr = 1;
412 	    ++format_found;
413 	}
414 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
415 	else if (*p == 'f')
416 	{
417 	    sort_flt = 1;
418 	    ++format_found;
419 	}
420 #endif
421 	else if (*p == 'b')
422 	{
423 	    sort_what = STR2NR_BIN + STR2NR_FORCE;
424 	    ++format_found;
425 	}
426 	else if (*p == 'o')
427 	{
428 	    sort_what = STR2NR_OCT + STR2NR_FORCE;
429 	    ++format_found;
430 	}
431 	else if (*p == 'x')
432 	{
433 	    sort_what = STR2NR_HEX + STR2NR_FORCE;
434 	    ++format_found;
435 	}
436 	else if (*p == 'u')
437 	    unique = TRUE;
438 	else if (*p == '"')	/* comment start */
439 	    break;
440 	else if (check_nextcmd(p) != NULL)
441 	{
442 	    eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(p);
443 	    break;
444 	}
445 	else if (!ASCII_ISALPHA(*p) && regmatch.regprog == NULL)
446 	{
447 	    s = skip_regexp(p + 1, *p, TRUE, NULL);
448 	    if (*s != *p)
449 	    {
450 		EMSG(_(e_invalpat));
451 		goto sortend;
452 	    }
453 	    *s = NUL;
454 	    /* Use last search pattern if sort pattern is empty. */
455 	    if (s == p + 1)
456 	    {
457 		if (last_search_pat() == NULL)
458 		{
459 		    EMSG(_(e_noprevre));
460 		    goto sortend;
461 		}
462 		regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(last_search_pat(), RE_MAGIC);
463 	    }
464 	    else
465 		regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(p + 1, RE_MAGIC);
466 	    if (regmatch.regprog == NULL)
467 		goto sortend;
468 	    p = s;		/* continue after the regexp */
469 	    regmatch.rm_ic = p_ic;
470 	}
471 	else
472 	{
473 	    EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), p);
474 	    goto sortend;
475 	}
476     }
477 
478     /* Can only have one of 'n', 'b', 'o' and 'x'. */
479     if (format_found > 1)
480     {
481 	EMSG(_(e_invarg));
482 	goto sortend;
483     }
484 
485     /* From here on "sort_nr" is used as a flag for any integer number
486      * sorting. */
487     sort_nr += sort_what;
488 
489     /*
490      * Make an array with all line numbers.  This avoids having to copy all
491      * the lines into allocated memory.
492      * When sorting on strings "start_col_nr" is the offset in the line, for
493      * numbers sorting it's the number to sort on.  This means the pattern
494      * matching and number conversion only has to be done once per line.
495      * Also get the longest line length for allocating "sortbuf".
496      */
497     for (lnum = eap->line1; lnum <= eap->line2; ++lnum)
498     {
499 	s = ml_get(lnum);
500 	len = (int)STRLEN(s);
501 	if (maxlen < len)
502 	    maxlen = len;
503 
504 	start_col = 0;
505 	end_col = len;
506 	if (regmatch.regprog != NULL && vim_regexec(&regmatch, s, 0))
507 	{
508 	    if (sort_rx)
509 	    {
510 		start_col = (colnr_T)(regmatch.startp[0] - s);
511 		end_col = (colnr_T)(regmatch.endp[0] - s);
512 	    }
513 	    else
514 		start_col = (colnr_T)(regmatch.endp[0] - s);
515 	}
516 	else
517 	    if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
518 		end_col = 0;
519 
520 	if (sort_nr
521 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
522 		|| sort_flt
523 #endif
524 		)
525 	{
526 	    /* Make sure vim_str2nr doesn't read any digits past the end
527 	     * of the match, by temporarily terminating the string there */
528 	    s2 = s + end_col;
529 	    c = *s2;
530 	    *s2 = NUL;
531 	    /* Sorting on number: Store the number itself. */
532 	    p = s + start_col;
533 	    if (sort_nr)
534 	    {
535 		if (sort_what & STR2NR_HEX)
536 		    s = skiptohex(p);
537 		else if (sort_what & STR2NR_BIN)
538 		    s = skiptobin(p);
539 		else
540 		    s = skiptodigit(p);
541 		if (s > p && s[-1] == '-')
542 		    --s;  /* include preceding negative sign */
543 		if (*s == NUL)
544 		    /* empty line should sort before any number */
545 		    nrs[lnum - eap->line1].st_u.value = -MAXLNUM;
546 		else
547 		    vim_str2nr(s, NULL, NULL, sort_what,
548 			       &nrs[lnum - eap->line1].st_u.value, NULL, 0);
549 	    }
550 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
551 	    else
552 	    {
553 		s = skipwhite(p);
554 		if (*s == '+')
555 		    s = skipwhite(s + 1);
556 
557 		if (*s == NUL)
558 		    /* empty line should sort before any number */
559 		    nrs[lnum - eap->line1].st_u.value_flt = -DBL_MAX;
560 		else
561 		    nrs[lnum - eap->line1].st_u.value_flt =
562 						      strtod((char *)s, NULL);
563 	    }
564 #endif
565 	    *s2 = c;
566 	}
567 	else
568 	{
569 	    /* Store the column to sort at. */
570 	    nrs[lnum - eap->line1].st_u.line.start_col_nr = start_col;
571 	    nrs[lnum - eap->line1].st_u.line.end_col_nr = end_col;
572 	}
573 
574 	nrs[lnum - eap->line1].lnum = lnum;
575 
576 	if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
577 	    fast_breakcheck();
578 	if (got_int)
579 	    goto sortend;
580     }
581 
582     /* Allocate a buffer that can hold the longest line. */
583     sortbuf1 = alloc((unsigned)maxlen + 1);
584     if (sortbuf1 == NULL)
585 	goto sortend;
586     sortbuf2 = alloc((unsigned)maxlen + 1);
587     if (sortbuf2 == NULL)
588 	goto sortend;
589 
590     /* Sort the array of line numbers.  Note: can't be interrupted! */
591     qsort((void *)nrs, count, sizeof(sorti_T), sort_compare);
592 
593     if (sort_abort)
594 	goto sortend;
595 
596     /* Insert the lines in the sorted order below the last one. */
597     lnum = eap->line2;
598     for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
599     {
600 	s = ml_get(nrs[eap->forceit ? count - i - 1 : i].lnum);
601 	if (!unique || i == 0
602 		|| (sort_ic ? STRICMP(s, sortbuf1) : STRCMP(s, sortbuf1)) != 0)
603 	{
604 	    /* Copy the line into a buffer, it may become invalid in
605 	     * ml_append(). And it's needed for "unique". */
606 	    STRCPY(sortbuf1, s);
607 	    if (ml_append(lnum++, sortbuf1, (colnr_T)0, FALSE) == FAIL)
608 		break;
609 	}
610 	fast_breakcheck();
611 	if (got_int)
612 	    goto sortend;
613     }
614 
615     /* delete the original lines if appending worked */
616     if (i == count)
617 	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
618 	    ml_delete(eap->line1, FALSE);
619     else
620 	count = 0;
621 
622     /* Adjust marks for deleted (or added) lines and prepare for displaying. */
623     deleted = (long)(count - (lnum - eap->line2));
624     if (deleted > 0)
625 	mark_adjust(eap->line2 - deleted, eap->line2, (long)MAXLNUM, -deleted);
626     else if (deleted < 0)
627 	mark_adjust(eap->line2, MAXLNUM, -deleted, 0L);
628     changed_lines(eap->line1, 0, eap->line2 + 1, -deleted);
629 
630     curwin->w_cursor.lnum = eap->line1;
631     beginline(BL_WHITE | BL_FIX);
632 
633 sortend:
634     vim_free(nrs);
635     vim_free(sortbuf1);
636     vim_free(sortbuf2);
637     vim_regfree(regmatch.regprog);
638     if (got_int)
639 	EMSG(_(e_interr));
640 }
641 
642 /*
643  * ":retab".
644  */
645     void
646 ex_retab(exarg_T *eap)
647 {
648     linenr_T	lnum;
649     int		got_tab = FALSE;
650     long	num_spaces = 0;
651     long	num_tabs;
652     long	len;
653     long	col;
654     long	vcol;
655     long	start_col = 0;		/* For start of white-space string */
656     long	start_vcol = 0;		/* For start of white-space string */
657     int		temp;
658     long	old_len;
659     char_u	*ptr;
660     char_u	*new_line = (char_u *)1;    /* init to non-NULL */
661     int		did_undo;		/* called u_save for current line */
662     int		new_ts;
663     int		save_list;
664     linenr_T	first_line = 0;		/* first changed line */
665     linenr_T	last_line = 0;		/* last changed line */
666 
667     save_list = curwin->w_p_list;
668     curwin->w_p_list = 0;	    /* don't want list mode here */
669 
670     new_ts = getdigits(&(eap->arg));
671     if (new_ts < 0)
672     {
673 	EMSG(_(e_positive));
674 	return;
675     }
676     if (new_ts == 0)
677 	new_ts = curbuf->b_p_ts;
678     for (lnum = eap->line1; !got_int && lnum <= eap->line2; ++lnum)
679     {
680 	ptr = ml_get(lnum);
681 	col = 0;
682 	vcol = 0;
683 	did_undo = FALSE;
684 	for (;;)
685 	{
686 	    if (VIM_ISWHITE(ptr[col]))
687 	    {
688 		if (!got_tab && num_spaces == 0)
689 		{
690 		    /* First consecutive white-space */
691 		    start_vcol = vcol;
692 		    start_col = col;
693 		}
694 		if (ptr[col] == ' ')
695 		    num_spaces++;
696 		else
697 		    got_tab = TRUE;
698 	    }
699 	    else
700 	    {
701 		if (got_tab || (eap->forceit && num_spaces > 1))
702 		{
703 		    /* Retabulate this string of white-space */
704 
705 		    /* len is virtual length of white string */
706 		    len = num_spaces = vcol - start_vcol;
707 		    num_tabs = 0;
708 		    if (!curbuf->b_p_et)
709 		    {
710 			temp = new_ts - (start_vcol % new_ts);
711 			if (num_spaces >= temp)
712 			{
713 			    num_spaces -= temp;
714 			    num_tabs++;
715 			}
716 			num_tabs += num_spaces / new_ts;
717 			num_spaces -= (num_spaces / new_ts) * new_ts;
718 		    }
719 		    if (curbuf->b_p_et || got_tab ||
720 					(num_spaces + num_tabs < len))
721 		    {
722 			if (did_undo == FALSE)
723 			{
724 			    did_undo = TRUE;
725 			    if (u_save((linenr_T)(lnum - 1),
726 						(linenr_T)(lnum + 1)) == FAIL)
727 			    {
728 				new_line = NULL;	/* flag out-of-memory */
729 				break;
730 			    }
731 			}
732 
733 			/* len is actual number of white characters used */
734 			len = num_spaces + num_tabs;
735 			old_len = (long)STRLEN(ptr);
736 			new_line = lalloc(old_len - col + start_col + len + 1,
737 									TRUE);
738 			if (new_line == NULL)
739 			    break;
740 			if (start_col > 0)
741 			    mch_memmove(new_line, ptr, (size_t)start_col);
742 			mch_memmove(new_line + start_col + len,
743 				      ptr + col, (size_t)(old_len - col + 1));
744 			ptr = new_line + start_col;
745 			for (col = 0; col < len; col++)
746 			    ptr[col] = (col < num_tabs) ? '\t' : ' ';
747 			ml_replace(lnum, new_line, FALSE);
748 			if (first_line == 0)
749 			    first_line = lnum;
750 			last_line = lnum;
751 			ptr = new_line;
752 			col = start_col + len;
753 		    }
754 		}
755 		got_tab = FALSE;
756 		num_spaces = 0;
757 	    }
758 	    if (ptr[col] == NUL)
759 		break;
760 	    vcol += chartabsize(ptr + col, (colnr_T)vcol);
761 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
762 	    if (has_mbyte)
763 		col += (*mb_ptr2len)(ptr + col);
764 	    else
765 #endif
766 		++col;
767 	}
768 	if (new_line == NULL)		    /* out of memory */
769 	    break;
770 	line_breakcheck();
771     }
772     if (got_int)
773 	EMSG(_(e_interr));
774 
775     if (curbuf->b_p_ts != new_ts)
776 	redraw_curbuf_later(NOT_VALID);
777     if (first_line != 0)
778 	changed_lines(first_line, 0, last_line + 1, 0L);
779 
780     curwin->w_p_list = save_list;	/* restore 'list' */
781 
782     curbuf->b_p_ts = new_ts;
783     coladvance(curwin->w_curswant);
784 
785     u_clearline();
786 }
787 
788 /*
789  * :move command - move lines line1-line2 to line dest
790  *
791  * return FAIL for failure, OK otherwise
792  */
793     int
794 do_move(linenr_T line1, linenr_T line2, linenr_T dest)
795 {
796     char_u	*str;
797     linenr_T	l;
798     linenr_T	extra;	    /* Num lines added before line1 */
799     linenr_T	num_lines;  /* Num lines moved */
800     linenr_T	last_line;  /* Last line in file after adding new text */
801 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
802     win_T	*win;
803     tabpage_T	*tp;
804 #endif
805 
806     if (dest >= line1 && dest < line2)
807     {
808 	EMSG(_("E134: Move lines into themselves"));
809 	return FAIL;
810     }
811 
812     num_lines = line2 - line1 + 1;
813 
814     /*
815      * First we copy the old text to its new location -- webb
816      * Also copy the flag that ":global" command uses.
817      */
818     if (u_save(dest, dest + 1) == FAIL)
819 	return FAIL;
820     for (extra = 0, l = line1; l <= line2; l++)
821     {
822 	str = vim_strsave(ml_get(l + extra));
823 	if (str != NULL)
824 	{
825 	    ml_append(dest + l - line1, str, (colnr_T)0, FALSE);
826 	    vim_free(str);
827 	    if (dest < line1)
828 		extra++;
829 	}
830     }
831 
832     /*
833      * Now we must be careful adjusting our marks so that we don't overlap our
834      * mark_adjust() calls.
835      *
836      * We adjust the marks within the old text so that they refer to the
837      * last lines of the file (temporarily), because we know no other marks
838      * will be set there since these line numbers did not exist until we added
839      * our new lines.
840      *
841      * Then we adjust the marks on lines between the old and new text positions
842      * (either forwards or backwards).
843      *
844      * And Finally we adjust the marks we put at the end of the file back to
845      * their final destination at the new text position -- webb
846      */
847     last_line = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
848     mark_adjust_nofold(line1, line2, last_line - line2, 0L);
849     if (dest >= line2)
850     {
851 	mark_adjust_nofold(line2 + 1, dest, -num_lines, 0L);
852 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
853 	FOR_ALL_TAB_WINDOWS(tp, win) {
854 	    if (win->w_buffer == curbuf)
855 		foldMoveRange(&win->w_folds, line1, line2, dest);
856 	}
857 #endif
858 	curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = dest - num_lines + 1;
859 	curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = dest;
860     }
861     else
862     {
863 	mark_adjust_nofold(dest + 1, line1 - 1, num_lines, 0L);
864 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
865 	FOR_ALL_TAB_WINDOWS(tp, win) {
866 	    if (win->w_buffer == curbuf)
867 		foldMoveRange(&win->w_folds, dest + 1, line1 - 1, line2);
868 	}
869 #endif
870 	curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = dest + 1;
871 	curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = dest + num_lines;
872     }
873     curbuf->b_op_start.col = curbuf->b_op_end.col = 0;
874     mark_adjust_nofold(last_line - num_lines + 1, last_line,
875 					     -(last_line - dest - extra), 0L);
876 
877     /*
878      * Now we delete the original text -- webb
879      */
880     if (u_save(line1 + extra - 1, line2 + extra + 1) == FAIL)
881 	return FAIL;
882 
883     for (l = line1; l <= line2; l++)
884 	ml_delete(line1 + extra, TRUE);
885 
886     if (!global_busy && num_lines > p_report)
887     {
888 	if (num_lines == 1)
889 	    MSG(_("1 line moved"));
890 	else
891 	    smsg((char_u *)_("%ld lines moved"), num_lines);
892     }
893 
894     /*
895      * Leave the cursor on the last of the moved lines.
896      */
897     if (dest >= line1)
898 	curwin->w_cursor.lnum = dest;
899     else
900 	curwin->w_cursor.lnum = dest + (line2 - line1) + 1;
901 
902     if (line1 < dest)
903     {
904 	dest += num_lines + 1;
905 	last_line = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
906 	if (dest > last_line + 1)
907 	    dest = last_line + 1;
908 	changed_lines(line1, 0, dest, 0L);
909     }
910     else
911 	changed_lines(dest + 1, 0, line1 + num_lines, 0L);
912 
913     return OK;
914 }
915 
916 /*
917  * ":copy"
918  */
919     void
920 ex_copy(linenr_T line1, linenr_T line2, linenr_T n)
921 {
922     linenr_T	count;
923     char_u	*p;
924 
925     count = line2 - line1 + 1;
926     curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = n + 1;
927     curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = n + count;
928     curbuf->b_op_start.col = curbuf->b_op_end.col = 0;
929 
930     /*
931      * there are three situations:
932      * 1. destination is above line1
933      * 2. destination is between line1 and line2
934      * 3. destination is below line2
935      *
936      * n = destination (when starting)
937      * curwin->w_cursor.lnum = destination (while copying)
938      * line1 = start of source (while copying)
939      * line2 = end of source (while copying)
940      */
941     if (u_save(n, n + 1) == FAIL)
942 	return;
943 
944     curwin->w_cursor.lnum = n;
945     while (line1 <= line2)
946     {
947 	/* need to use vim_strsave() because the line will be unlocked within
948 	 * ml_append() */
949 	p = vim_strsave(ml_get(line1));
950 	if (p != NULL)
951 	{
952 	    ml_append(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, p, (colnr_T)0, FALSE);
953 	    vim_free(p);
954 	}
955 	/* situation 2: skip already copied lines */
956 	if (line1 == n)
957 	    line1 = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
958 	++line1;
959 	if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum < line1)
960 	    ++line1;
961 	if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum < line2)
962 	    ++line2;
963 	++curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
964     }
965 
966     appended_lines_mark(n, count);
967 
968     msgmore((long)count);
969 }
970 
971 static char_u	*prevcmd = NULL;	/* the previous command */
972 
973 #if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
974     void
975 free_prev_shellcmd(void)
976 {
977     vim_free(prevcmd);
978 }
979 #endif
980 
981 /*
982  * Handle the ":!cmd" command.	Also for ":r !cmd" and ":w !cmd"
983  * Bangs in the argument are replaced with the previously entered command.
984  * Remember the argument.
985  */
986     void
987 do_bang(
988     int		addr_count,
989     exarg_T	*eap,
990     int		forceit,
991     int		do_in,
992     int		do_out)
993 {
994     char_u		*arg = eap->arg;	/* command */
995     linenr_T		line1 = eap->line1;	/* start of range */
996     linenr_T		line2 = eap->line2;	/* end of range */
997     char_u		*newcmd = NULL;		/* the new command */
998     int			free_newcmd = FALSE;    /* need to free() newcmd */
999     int			ins_prevcmd;
1000     char_u		*t;
1001     char_u		*p;
1002     char_u		*trailarg;
1003     int			len;
1004     int			scroll_save = msg_scroll;
1005 
1006     /*
1007      * Disallow shell commands for "rvim".
1008      * Disallow shell commands from .exrc and .vimrc in current directory for
1009      * security reasons.
1010      */
1011     if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
1012 	return;
1013 
1014     if (addr_count == 0)		/* :! */
1015     {
1016 	msg_scroll = FALSE;	    /* don't scroll here */
1017 	autowrite_all();
1018 	msg_scroll = scroll_save;
1019     }
1020 
1021     /*
1022      * Try to find an embedded bang, like in :!<cmd> ! [args]
1023      * (:!! is indicated by the 'forceit' variable)
1024      */
1025     ins_prevcmd = forceit;
1026     trailarg = arg;
1027     do
1028     {
1029 	len = (int)STRLEN(trailarg) + 1;
1030 	if (newcmd != NULL)
1031 	    len += (int)STRLEN(newcmd);
1032 	if (ins_prevcmd)
1033 	{
1034 	    if (prevcmd == NULL)
1035 	    {
1036 		EMSG(_(e_noprev));
1037 		vim_free(newcmd);
1038 		return;
1039 	    }
1040 	    len += (int)STRLEN(prevcmd);
1041 	}
1042 	if ((t = alloc((unsigned)len)) == NULL)
1043 	{
1044 	    vim_free(newcmd);
1045 	    return;
1046 	}
1047 	*t = NUL;
1048 	if (newcmd != NULL)
1049 	    STRCAT(t, newcmd);
1050 	if (ins_prevcmd)
1051 	    STRCAT(t, prevcmd);
1052 	p = t + STRLEN(t);
1053 	STRCAT(t, trailarg);
1054 	vim_free(newcmd);
1055 	newcmd = t;
1056 
1057 	/*
1058 	 * Scan the rest of the argument for '!', which is replaced by the
1059 	 * previous command.  "\!" is replaced by "!" (this is vi compatible).
1060 	 */
1061 	trailarg = NULL;
1062 	while (*p)
1063 	{
1064 	    if (*p == '!')
1065 	    {
1066 		if (p > newcmd && p[-1] == '\\')
1067 		    STRMOVE(p - 1, p);
1068 		else
1069 		{
1070 		    trailarg = p;
1071 		    *trailarg++ = NUL;
1072 		    ins_prevcmd = TRUE;
1073 		    break;
1074 		}
1075 	    }
1076 	    ++p;
1077 	}
1078     } while (trailarg != NULL);
1079 
1080     vim_free(prevcmd);
1081     prevcmd = newcmd;
1082 
1083     if (bangredo)	    /* put cmd in redo buffer for ! command */
1084     {
1085 	/* If % or # appears in the command, it must have been escaped.
1086 	 * Reescape them, so that redoing them does not substitute them by the
1087 	 * buffername. */
1088 	char_u *cmd = vim_strsave_escaped(prevcmd, (char_u *)"%#");
1089 
1090 	if (cmd != NULL)
1091 	{
1092 	    AppendToRedobuffLit(cmd, -1);
1093 	    vim_free(cmd);
1094 	}
1095 	else
1096 	    AppendToRedobuffLit(prevcmd, -1);
1097 	AppendToRedobuff((char_u *)"\n");
1098 	bangredo = FALSE;
1099     }
1100     /*
1101      * Add quotes around the command, for shells that need them.
1102      */
1103     if (*p_shq != NUL)
1104     {
1105 	newcmd = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(prevcmd) + 2 * STRLEN(p_shq) + 1));
1106 	if (newcmd == NULL)
1107 	    return;
1108 	STRCPY(newcmd, p_shq);
1109 	STRCAT(newcmd, prevcmd);
1110 	STRCAT(newcmd, p_shq);
1111 	free_newcmd = TRUE;
1112     }
1113     if (addr_count == 0)		/* :! */
1114     {
1115 	/* echo the command */
1116 	msg_start();
1117 	msg_putchar(':');
1118 	msg_putchar('!');
1119 	msg_outtrans(newcmd);
1120 	msg_clr_eos();
1121 	windgoto(msg_row, msg_col);
1122 
1123 	do_shell(newcmd, 0);
1124     }
1125     else				/* :range! */
1126     {
1127 	/* Careful: This may recursively call do_bang() again! (because of
1128 	 * autocommands) */
1129 	do_filter(line1, line2, eap, newcmd, do_in, do_out);
1130 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
1131 	apply_autocmds(EVENT_SHELLFILTERPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
1132 #endif
1133     }
1134     if (free_newcmd)
1135 	vim_free(newcmd);
1136 }
1137 
1138 /*
1139  * do_filter: filter lines through a command given by the user
1140  *
1141  * We mostly use temp files and the call_shell() routine here. This would
1142  * normally be done using pipes on a UNIX machine, but this is more portable
1143  * to non-unix machines. The call_shell() routine needs to be able
1144  * to deal with redirection somehow, and should handle things like looking
1145  * at the PATH env. variable, and adding reasonable extensions to the
1146  * command name given by the user. All reasonable versions of call_shell()
1147  * do this.
1148  * Alternatively, if on Unix and redirecting input or output, but not both,
1149  * and the 'shelltemp' option isn't set, use pipes.
1150  * We use input redirection if do_in is TRUE.
1151  * We use output redirection if do_out is TRUE.
1152  */
1153     static void
1154 do_filter(
1155     linenr_T	line1,
1156     linenr_T	line2,
1157     exarg_T	*eap,		/* for forced 'ff' and 'fenc' */
1158     char_u	*cmd,
1159     int		do_in,
1160     int		do_out)
1161 {
1162     char_u	*itmp = NULL;
1163     char_u	*otmp = NULL;
1164     linenr_T	linecount;
1165     linenr_T	read_linecount;
1166     pos_T	cursor_save;
1167     char_u	*cmd_buf;
1168 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
1169     buf_T	*old_curbuf = curbuf;
1170 #endif
1171     int		shell_flags = 0;
1172 
1173     if (*cmd == NUL)	    /* no filter command */
1174 	return;
1175 
1176     cursor_save = curwin->w_cursor;
1177     linecount = line2 - line1 + 1;
1178     curwin->w_cursor.lnum = line1;
1179     curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
1180     changed_line_abv_curs();
1181     invalidate_botline();
1182 
1183     /*
1184      * When using temp files:
1185      * 1. * Form temp file names
1186      * 2. * Write the lines to a temp file
1187      * 3.   Run the filter command on the temp file
1188      * 4. * Read the output of the command into the buffer
1189      * 5. * Delete the original lines to be filtered
1190      * 6. * Remove the temp files
1191      *
1192      * When writing the input with a pipe or when catching the output with a
1193      * pipe only need to do 3.
1194      */
1195 
1196     if (do_out)
1197 	shell_flags |= SHELL_DOOUT;
1198 
1199 #ifdef FEAT_FILTERPIPE
1200     if (!do_in && do_out && !p_stmp)
1201     {
1202 	/* Use a pipe to fetch stdout of the command, do not use a temp file. */
1203 	shell_flags |= SHELL_READ;
1204 	curwin->w_cursor.lnum = line2;
1205     }
1206     else if (do_in && !do_out && !p_stmp)
1207     {
1208 	/* Use a pipe to write stdin of the command, do not use a temp file. */
1209 	shell_flags |= SHELL_WRITE;
1210 	curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = line1;
1211 	curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = line2;
1212     }
1213     else if (do_in && do_out && !p_stmp)
1214     {
1215 	/* Use a pipe to write stdin and fetch stdout of the command, do not
1216 	 * use a temp file. */
1217 	shell_flags |= SHELL_READ|SHELL_WRITE;
1218 	curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = line1;
1219 	curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = line2;
1220 	curwin->w_cursor.lnum = line2;
1221     }
1222     else
1223 #endif
1224 	if ((do_in && (itmp = vim_tempname('i', FALSE)) == NULL)
1225 		|| (do_out && (otmp = vim_tempname('o', FALSE)) == NULL))
1226 	{
1227 	    EMSG(_(e_notmp));
1228 	    goto filterend;
1229 	}
1230 
1231 /*
1232  * The writing and reading of temp files will not be shown.
1233  * Vi also doesn't do this and the messages are not very informative.
1234  */
1235     ++no_wait_return;		/* don't call wait_return() while busy */
1236     if (itmp != NULL && buf_write(curbuf, itmp, NULL, line1, line2, eap,
1237 					   FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE) == FAIL)
1238     {
1239 	msg_putchar('\n');		/* keep message from buf_write() */
1240 	--no_wait_return;
1241 #if defined(FEAT_AUTOCMD) && defined(FEAT_EVAL)
1242 	if (!aborting())
1243 #endif
1244 	    (void)EMSG2(_(e_notcreate), itmp);	/* will call wait_return */
1245 	goto filterend;
1246     }
1247 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
1248     if (curbuf != old_curbuf)
1249 	goto filterend;
1250 #endif
1251 
1252     if (!do_out)
1253 	msg_putchar('\n');
1254 
1255     /* Create the shell command in allocated memory. */
1256     cmd_buf = make_filter_cmd(cmd, itmp, otmp);
1257     if (cmd_buf == NULL)
1258 	goto filterend;
1259 
1260     windgoto((int)Rows - 1, 0);
1261     cursor_on();
1262 
1263     /*
1264      * When not redirecting the output the command can write anything to the
1265      * screen. If 'shellredir' is equal to ">", screen may be messed up by
1266      * stderr output of external command. Clear the screen later.
1267      * If do_in is FALSE, this could be something like ":r !cat", which may
1268      * also mess up the screen, clear it later.
1269      */
1270     if (!do_out || STRCMP(p_srr, ">") == 0 || !do_in)
1271 	redraw_later_clear();
1272 
1273     if (do_out)
1274     {
1275 	if (u_save((linenr_T)(line2), (linenr_T)(line2 + 1)) == FAIL)
1276 	{
1277 	    vim_free(cmd_buf);
1278 	    goto error;
1279 	}
1280 	redraw_curbuf_later(VALID);
1281     }
1282     read_linecount = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
1283 
1284     /*
1285      * When call_shell() fails wait_return() is called to give the user a
1286      * chance to read the error messages. Otherwise errors are ignored, so you
1287      * can see the error messages from the command that appear on stdout; use
1288      * 'u' to fix the text
1289      * Switch to cooked mode when not redirecting stdin, avoids that something
1290      * like ":r !cat" hangs.
1291      * Pass on the SHELL_DOOUT flag when the output is being redirected.
1292      */
1293     if (call_shell(cmd_buf, SHELL_FILTER | SHELL_COOKED | shell_flags))
1294     {
1295 	redraw_later_clear();
1296 	wait_return(FALSE);
1297     }
1298     vim_free(cmd_buf);
1299 
1300     did_check_timestamps = FALSE;
1301     need_check_timestamps = TRUE;
1302 
1303     /* When interrupting the shell command, it may still have produced some
1304      * useful output.  Reset got_int here, so that readfile() won't cancel
1305      * reading. */
1306     ui_breakcheck();
1307     got_int = FALSE;
1308 
1309     if (do_out)
1310     {
1311 	if (otmp != NULL)
1312 	{
1313 	    if (readfile(otmp, NULL, line2, (linenr_T)0, (linenr_T)MAXLNUM,
1314 						    eap, READ_FILTER) != OK)
1315 	    {
1316 #if defined(FEAT_AUTOCMD) && defined(FEAT_EVAL)
1317 		if (!aborting())
1318 #endif
1319 		{
1320 		    msg_putchar('\n');
1321 		    EMSG2(_(e_notread), otmp);
1322 		}
1323 		goto error;
1324 	    }
1325 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
1326 	    if (curbuf != old_curbuf)
1327 		goto filterend;
1328 #endif
1329 	}
1330 
1331 	read_linecount = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count - read_linecount;
1332 
1333 	if (shell_flags & SHELL_READ)
1334 	{
1335 	    curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = line2 + 1;
1336 	    curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
1337 	    appended_lines_mark(line2, read_linecount);
1338 	}
1339 
1340 	if (do_in)
1341 	{
1342 	    if (cmdmod.keepmarks || vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_REMMARK) == NULL)
1343 	    {
1344 		if (read_linecount >= linecount)
1345 		    /* move all marks from old lines to new lines */
1346 		    mark_adjust(line1, line2, linecount, 0L);
1347 		else
1348 		{
1349 		    /* move marks from old lines to new lines, delete marks
1350 		     * that are in deleted lines */
1351 		    mark_adjust(line1, line1 + read_linecount - 1,
1352 								linecount, 0L);
1353 		    mark_adjust(line1 + read_linecount, line2, MAXLNUM, 0L);
1354 		}
1355 	    }
1356 
1357 	    /*
1358 	     * Put cursor on first filtered line for ":range!cmd".
1359 	     * Adjust '[ and '] (set by buf_write()).
1360 	     */
1361 	    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = line1;
1362 	    del_lines(linecount, TRUE);
1363 	    curbuf->b_op_start.lnum -= linecount;	/* adjust '[ */
1364 	    curbuf->b_op_end.lnum -= linecount;		/* adjust '] */
1365 	    write_lnum_adjust(-linecount);		/* adjust last line
1366 							   for next write */
1367 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
1368 	    foldUpdate(curwin, curbuf->b_op_start.lnum, curbuf->b_op_end.lnum);
1369 #endif
1370 	}
1371 	else
1372 	{
1373 	    /*
1374 	     * Put cursor on last new line for ":r !cmd".
1375 	     */
1376 	    linecount = curbuf->b_op_end.lnum - curbuf->b_op_start.lnum + 1;
1377 	    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = curbuf->b_op_end.lnum;
1378 	}
1379 
1380 	beginline(BL_WHITE | BL_FIX);	    /* cursor on first non-blank */
1381 	--no_wait_return;
1382 
1383 	if (linecount > p_report)
1384 	{
1385 	    if (do_in)
1386 	    {
1387 		vim_snprintf((char *)msg_buf, sizeof(msg_buf),
1388 				    _("%ld lines filtered"), (long)linecount);
1389 		if (msg(msg_buf) && !msg_scroll)
1390 		    /* save message to display it after redraw */
1391 		    set_keep_msg(msg_buf, 0);
1392 	    }
1393 	    else
1394 		msgmore((long)linecount);
1395 	}
1396     }
1397     else
1398     {
1399 error:
1400 	/* put cursor back in same position for ":w !cmd" */
1401 	curwin->w_cursor = cursor_save;
1402 	--no_wait_return;
1403 	wait_return(FALSE);
1404     }
1405 
1406 filterend:
1407 
1408 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
1409     if (curbuf != old_curbuf)
1410     {
1411 	--no_wait_return;
1412 	EMSG(_("E135: *Filter* Autocommands must not change current buffer"));
1413     }
1414 #endif
1415     if (itmp != NULL)
1416 	mch_remove(itmp);
1417     if (otmp != NULL)
1418 	mch_remove(otmp);
1419     vim_free(itmp);
1420     vim_free(otmp);
1421 }
1422 
1423 /*
1424  * Call a shell to execute a command.
1425  * When "cmd" is NULL start an interactive shell.
1426  */
1427     void
1428 do_shell(
1429     char_u	*cmd,
1430     int		flags)	/* may be SHELL_DOOUT when output is redirected */
1431 {
1432     buf_T	*buf;
1433 #ifndef FEAT_GUI_MSWIN
1434     int		save_nwr;
1435 #endif
1436 #ifdef MSWIN
1437     int		winstart = FALSE;
1438 #endif
1439 
1440     /*
1441      * Disallow shell commands for "rvim".
1442      * Disallow shell commands from .exrc and .vimrc in current directory for
1443      * security reasons.
1444      */
1445     if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
1446     {
1447 	msg_end();
1448 	return;
1449     }
1450 
1451 #ifdef MSWIN
1452     /*
1453      * Check if ":!start" is used.
1454      */
1455     if (cmd != NULL)
1456 	winstart = (STRNICMP(cmd, "start ", 6) == 0);
1457 #endif
1458 
1459     /*
1460      * For autocommands we want to get the output on the current screen, to
1461      * avoid having to type return below.
1462      */
1463     msg_putchar('\r');			/* put cursor at start of line */
1464 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
1465     if (!autocmd_busy)
1466 #endif
1467     {
1468 #ifdef MSWIN
1469 	if (!winstart)
1470 #endif
1471 	    stoptermcap();
1472     }
1473 #ifdef MSWIN
1474     if (!winstart)
1475 #endif
1476 	msg_putchar('\n');		/* may shift screen one line up */
1477 
1478     /* warning message before calling the shell */
1479     if (p_warn
1480 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
1481 		&& !autocmd_busy
1482 #endif
1483 		&& msg_silent == 0)
1484 	FOR_ALL_BUFFERS(buf)
1485 	    if (bufIsChanged(buf))
1486 	    {
1487 #ifdef FEAT_GUI_MSWIN
1488 		if (!winstart)
1489 		    starttermcap();	/* don't want a message box here */
1490 #endif
1491 		MSG_PUTS(_("[No write since last change]\n"));
1492 #ifdef FEAT_GUI_MSWIN
1493 		if (!winstart)
1494 		    stoptermcap();
1495 #endif
1496 		break;
1497 	    }
1498 
1499     /* This windgoto is required for when the '\n' resulted in a "delete line
1500      * 1" command to the terminal. */
1501     if (!swapping_screen())
1502 	windgoto(msg_row, msg_col);
1503     cursor_on();
1504     (void)call_shell(cmd, SHELL_COOKED | flags);
1505     did_check_timestamps = FALSE;
1506     need_check_timestamps = TRUE;
1507 
1508     /*
1509      * put the message cursor at the end of the screen, avoids wait_return()
1510      * to overwrite the text that the external command showed
1511      */
1512     if (!swapping_screen())
1513     {
1514 	msg_row = Rows - 1;
1515 	msg_col = 0;
1516     }
1517 
1518 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
1519     if (autocmd_busy)
1520     {
1521 	if (msg_silent == 0)
1522 	    redraw_later_clear();
1523     }
1524     else
1525 #endif
1526     {
1527 	/*
1528 	 * For ":sh" there is no need to call wait_return(), just redraw.
1529 	 * Also for the Win32 GUI (the output is in a console window).
1530 	 * Otherwise there is probably text on the screen that the user wants
1531 	 * to read before redrawing, so call wait_return().
1532 	 */
1533 #ifndef FEAT_GUI_MSWIN
1534 	if (cmd == NULL
1535 # ifdef WIN3264
1536 		|| (winstart && !need_wait_return)
1537 # endif
1538 	   )
1539 	{
1540 	    if (msg_silent == 0)
1541 		redraw_later_clear();
1542 	    need_wait_return = FALSE;
1543 	}
1544 	else
1545 	{
1546 	    /*
1547 	     * If we switch screens when starttermcap() is called, we really
1548 	     * want to wait for "hit return to continue".
1549 	     */
1550 	    save_nwr = no_wait_return;
1551 	    if (swapping_screen())
1552 		no_wait_return = FALSE;
1553 # ifdef AMIGA
1554 	    wait_return(term_console ? -1 : msg_silent == 0);	/* see below */
1555 # else
1556 	    wait_return(msg_silent == 0);
1557 # endif
1558 	    no_wait_return = save_nwr;
1559 	}
1560 #endif /* FEAT_GUI_W32 */
1561 
1562 #ifdef MSWIN
1563 	if (!winstart) /* if winstart==TRUE, never stopped termcap! */
1564 #endif
1565 	    starttermcap();	/* start termcap if not done by wait_return() */
1566 
1567 	/*
1568 	 * In an Amiga window redrawing is caused by asking the window size.
1569 	 * If we got an interrupt this will not work. The chance that the
1570 	 * window size is wrong is very small, but we need to redraw the
1571 	 * screen.  Don't do this if ':' hit in wait_return().	THIS IS UGLY
1572 	 * but it saves an extra redraw.
1573 	 */
1574 #ifdef AMIGA
1575 	if (skip_redraw)		/* ':' hit in wait_return() */
1576 	{
1577 	    if (msg_silent == 0)
1578 		redraw_later_clear();
1579 	}
1580 	else if (term_console)
1581 	{
1582 	    OUT_STR(IF_EB("\033[0 q", ESC_STR "[0 q"));	/* get window size */
1583 	    if (got_int && msg_silent == 0)
1584 		redraw_later_clear();	/* if got_int is TRUE, redraw needed */
1585 	    else
1586 		must_redraw = 0;	/* no extra redraw needed */
1587 	}
1588 #endif
1589     }
1590 
1591     /* display any error messages now */
1592     display_errors();
1593 
1594 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
1595     apply_autocmds(EVENT_SHELLCMDPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
1596 #endif
1597 }
1598 
1599 /*
1600  * Create a shell command from a command string, input redirection file and
1601  * output redirection file.
1602  * Returns an allocated string with the shell command, or NULL for failure.
1603  */
1604     char_u *
1605 make_filter_cmd(
1606     char_u	*cmd,		/* command */
1607     char_u	*itmp,		/* NULL or name of input file */
1608     char_u	*otmp)		/* NULL or name of output file */
1609 {
1610     char_u	*buf;
1611     long_u	len;
1612 
1613 #if defined(UNIX)
1614     int		is_fish_shell;
1615     char_u	*shell_name = get_isolated_shell_name();
1616 
1617     /* Account for fish's different syntax for subshells */
1618     is_fish_shell = (fnamecmp(shell_name, "fish") == 0);
1619     vim_free(shell_name);
1620     if (is_fish_shell)
1621 	len = (long_u)STRLEN(cmd) + 13;		/* "begin; " + "; end" + NUL */
1622     else
1623 #endif
1624 	len = (long_u)STRLEN(cmd) + 3;			/* "()" + NUL */
1625     if (itmp != NULL)
1626 	len += (long_u)STRLEN(itmp) + 9;		/* " { < " + " } " */
1627     if (otmp != NULL)
1628 	len += (long_u)STRLEN(otmp) + (long_u)STRLEN(p_srr) + 2; /* "  " */
1629     buf = lalloc(len, TRUE);
1630     if (buf == NULL)
1631 	return NULL;
1632 
1633 #if defined(UNIX)
1634     /*
1635      * Put braces around the command (for concatenated commands) when
1636      * redirecting input and/or output.
1637      */
1638     if (itmp != NULL || otmp != NULL)
1639     {
1640 	if (is_fish_shell)
1641 	    vim_snprintf((char *)buf, len, "begin; %s; end", (char *)cmd);
1642 	else
1643 	    vim_snprintf((char *)buf, len, "(%s)", (char *)cmd);
1644     }
1645     else
1646 	STRCPY(buf, cmd);
1647     if (itmp != NULL)
1648     {
1649 	STRCAT(buf, " < ");
1650 	STRCAT(buf, itmp);
1651     }
1652 #else
1653     /*
1654      * For shells that don't understand braces around commands, at least allow
1655      * the use of commands in a pipe.
1656      */
1657     STRCPY(buf, cmd);
1658     if (itmp != NULL)
1659     {
1660 	char_u	*p;
1661 
1662 	/*
1663 	 * If there is a pipe, we have to put the '<' in front of it.
1664 	 * Don't do this when 'shellquote' is not empty, otherwise the
1665 	 * redirection would be inside the quotes.
1666 	 */
1667 	if (*p_shq == NUL)
1668 	{
1669 	    p = vim_strchr(buf, '|');
1670 	    if (p != NULL)
1671 		*p = NUL;
1672 	}
1673 	STRCAT(buf, " <");	/* " < " causes problems on Amiga */
1674 	STRCAT(buf, itmp);
1675 	if (*p_shq == NUL)
1676 	{
1677 	    p = vim_strchr(cmd, '|');
1678 	    if (p != NULL)
1679 	    {
1680 		STRCAT(buf, " ");   /* insert a space before the '|' for DOS */
1681 		STRCAT(buf, p);
1682 	    }
1683 	}
1684     }
1685 #endif
1686     if (otmp != NULL)
1687 	append_redir(buf, (int)len, p_srr, otmp);
1688 
1689     return buf;
1690 }
1691 
1692 /*
1693  * Append output redirection for file "fname" to the end of string buffer
1694  * "buf[buflen]"
1695  * Works with the 'shellredir' and 'shellpipe' options.
1696  * The caller should make sure that there is enough room:
1697  *	STRLEN(opt) + STRLEN(fname) + 3
1698  */
1699     void
1700 append_redir(
1701     char_u	*buf,
1702     int		buflen,
1703     char_u	*opt,
1704     char_u	*fname)
1705 {
1706     char_u	*p;
1707     char_u	*end;
1708 
1709     end = buf + STRLEN(buf);
1710     /* find "%s" */
1711     for (p = opt; (p = vim_strchr(p, '%')) != NULL; ++p)
1712     {
1713 	if (p[1] == 's') /* found %s */
1714 	    break;
1715 	if (p[1] == '%') /* skip %% */
1716 	    ++p;
1717     }
1718     if (p != NULL)
1719     {
1720 	*end = ' '; /* not really needed? Not with sh, ksh or bash */
1721 	vim_snprintf((char *)end + 1, (size_t)(buflen - (end + 1 - buf)),
1722 						  (char *)opt, (char *)fname);
1723     }
1724     else
1725 	vim_snprintf((char *)end, (size_t)(buflen - (end - buf)),
1726 #ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
1727 		" %s %s",
1728 #else
1729 		" %s%s",	/* " > %s" causes problems on Amiga */
1730 #endif
1731 		(char *)opt, (char *)fname);
1732 }
1733 
1734 #if defined(FEAT_VIMINFO) || defined(PROTO)
1735 
1736 static int no_viminfo(void);
1737 static int read_viminfo_barline(vir_T *virp, int got_encoding, int force, int writing);
1738 static void write_viminfo_version(FILE *fp_out);
1739 static void write_viminfo_barlines(vir_T *virp, FILE *fp_out);
1740 static int  viminfo_errcnt;
1741 
1742     static int
1743 no_viminfo(void)
1744 {
1745     /* "vim -i NONE" does not read or write a viminfo file */
1746     return STRCMP(p_viminfofile, "NONE") == 0;
1747 }
1748 
1749 /*
1750  * Report an error for reading a viminfo file.
1751  * Count the number of errors.	When there are more than 10, return TRUE.
1752  */
1753     int
1754 viminfo_error(char *errnum, char *message, char_u *line)
1755 {
1756     vim_snprintf((char *)IObuff, IOSIZE, _("%sviminfo: %s in line: "),
1757 							     errnum, message);
1758     STRNCAT(IObuff, line, IOSIZE - STRLEN(IObuff) - 1);
1759     if (IObuff[STRLEN(IObuff) - 1] == '\n')
1760 	IObuff[STRLEN(IObuff) - 1] = NUL;
1761     emsg(IObuff);
1762     if (++viminfo_errcnt >= 10)
1763     {
1764 	EMSG(_("E136: viminfo: Too many errors, skipping rest of file"));
1765 	return TRUE;
1766     }
1767     return FALSE;
1768 }
1769 
1770 /*
1771  * read_viminfo() -- Read the viminfo file.  Registers etc. which are already
1772  * set are not over-written unless "flags" includes VIF_FORCEIT. -- webb
1773  */
1774     int
1775 read_viminfo(
1776     char_u	*file,	    /* file name or NULL to use default name */
1777     int		flags)	    /* VIF_WANT_INFO et al. */
1778 {
1779     FILE	*fp;
1780     char_u	*fname;
1781 
1782     if (no_viminfo())
1783 	return FAIL;
1784 
1785     fname = viminfo_filename(file);	/* get file name in allocated buffer */
1786     if (fname == NULL)
1787 	return FAIL;
1788     fp = mch_fopen((char *)fname, READBIN);
1789 
1790     if (p_verbose > 0)
1791     {
1792 	verbose_enter();
1793 	smsg((char_u *)_("Reading viminfo file \"%s\"%s%s%s"),
1794 		fname,
1795 		(flags & VIF_WANT_INFO) ? _(" info") : "",
1796 		(flags & VIF_WANT_MARKS) ? _(" marks") : "",
1797 		(flags & VIF_GET_OLDFILES) ? _(" oldfiles") : "",
1798 		fp == NULL ? _(" FAILED") : "");
1799 	verbose_leave();
1800     }
1801 
1802     vim_free(fname);
1803     if (fp == NULL)
1804 	return FAIL;
1805 
1806     viminfo_errcnt = 0;
1807     do_viminfo(fp, NULL, flags);
1808 
1809     fclose(fp);
1810     return OK;
1811 }
1812 
1813 /*
1814  * Write the viminfo file.  The old one is read in first so that effectively a
1815  * merge of current info and old info is done.  This allows multiple vims to
1816  * run simultaneously, without losing any marks etc.
1817  * If "forceit" is TRUE, then the old file is not read in, and only internal
1818  * info is written to the file.
1819  */
1820     void
1821 write_viminfo(char_u *file, int forceit)
1822 {
1823     char_u	*fname;
1824     FILE	*fp_in = NULL;	/* input viminfo file, if any */
1825     FILE	*fp_out = NULL;	/* output viminfo file */
1826     char_u	*tempname = NULL;	/* name of temp viminfo file */
1827     stat_T	st_new;		/* mch_stat() of potential new file */
1828     char_u	*wp;
1829 #if defined(UNIX) || defined(VMS)
1830     mode_t	umask_save;
1831 #endif
1832 #ifdef UNIX
1833     int		shortname = FALSE;	/* use 8.3 file name */
1834     stat_T	st_old;		/* mch_stat() of existing viminfo file */
1835 #endif
1836 #ifdef WIN3264
1837     int		hidden = FALSE;
1838 #endif
1839 
1840     if (no_viminfo())
1841 	return;
1842 
1843     fname = viminfo_filename(file);	/* may set to default if NULL */
1844     if (fname == NULL)
1845 	return;
1846 
1847     fp_in = mch_fopen((char *)fname, READBIN);
1848     if (fp_in == NULL)
1849     {
1850 	/* if it does exist, but we can't read it, don't try writing */
1851 	if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st_new) == 0)
1852 	    goto end;
1853 #if defined(UNIX) || defined(VMS)
1854 	/*
1855 	 * For Unix we create the .viminfo non-accessible for others,
1856 	 * because it may contain text from non-accessible documents.
1857 	 */
1858 	umask_save = umask(077);
1859 #endif
1860 	fp_out = mch_fopen((char *)fname, WRITEBIN);
1861 #if defined(UNIX) || defined(VMS)
1862 	(void)umask(umask_save);
1863 #endif
1864     }
1865     else
1866     {
1867 	/*
1868 	 * There is an existing viminfo file.  Create a temporary file to
1869 	 * write the new viminfo into, in the same directory as the
1870 	 * existing viminfo file, which will be renamed later.
1871 	 */
1872 #ifdef UNIX
1873 	/*
1874 	 * For Unix we check the owner of the file.  It's not very nice to
1875 	 * overwrite a user's viminfo file after a "su root", with a
1876 	 * viminfo file that the user can't read.
1877 	 */
1878 	st_old.st_dev = (dev_t)0;
1879 	st_old.st_ino = 0;
1880 	st_old.st_mode = 0600;
1881 	if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st_old) == 0
1882 		&& getuid() != ROOT_UID
1883 		&& !(st_old.st_uid == getuid()
1884 			? (st_old.st_mode & 0200)
1885 			: (st_old.st_gid == getgid()
1886 				? (st_old.st_mode & 0020)
1887 				: (st_old.st_mode & 0002))))
1888 	{
1889 	    int	tt = msg_didany;
1890 
1891 	    /* avoid a wait_return for this message, it's annoying */
1892 	    EMSG2(_("E137: Viminfo file is not writable: %s"), fname);
1893 	    msg_didany = tt;
1894 	    fclose(fp_in);
1895 	    goto end;
1896 	}
1897 #endif
1898 #ifdef WIN3264
1899 	/* Get the file attributes of the existing viminfo file. */
1900 	hidden = mch_ishidden(fname);
1901 #endif
1902 
1903 	/*
1904 	 * Make tempname.
1905 	 * May try twice: Once normal and once with shortname set, just in
1906 	 * case somebody puts his viminfo file in an 8.3 filesystem.
1907 	 */
1908 	for (;;)
1909 	{
1910 	    tempname = buf_modname(
1911 #ifdef UNIX
1912 				    shortname,
1913 #else
1914 				    FALSE,
1915 #endif
1916 				    fname,
1917 #ifdef VMS
1918 				    (char_u *)"-tmp",
1919 #else
1920 				    (char_u *)".tmp",
1921 #endif
1922 				    FALSE);
1923 	    if (tempname == NULL)		/* out of memory */
1924 		break;
1925 
1926 	    /*
1927 	     * Check if tempfile already exists.  Never overwrite an
1928 	     * existing file!
1929 	     */
1930 	    if (mch_stat((char *)tempname, &st_new) == 0)
1931 	    {
1932 #ifdef UNIX
1933 		/*
1934 		 * Check if tempfile is same as original file.  May happen
1935 		 * when modname() gave the same file back.  E.g.  silly
1936 		 * link, or file name-length reached.  Try again with
1937 		 * shortname set.
1938 		 */
1939 		if (!shortname && st_new.st_dev == st_old.st_dev
1940 					    && st_new.st_ino == st_old.st_ino)
1941 		{
1942 		    vim_free(tempname);
1943 		    tempname = NULL;
1944 		    shortname = TRUE;
1945 		    continue;
1946 		}
1947 #endif
1948 		/*
1949 		 * Try another name.  Change one character, just before
1950 		 * the extension.  This should also work for an 8.3
1951 		 * file name, when after adding the extension it still is
1952 		 * the same file as the original.
1953 		 */
1954 		wp = tempname + STRLEN(tempname) - 5;
1955 		if (wp < gettail(tempname))	    /* empty file name? */
1956 		    wp = gettail(tempname);
1957 		for (*wp = 'z'; mch_stat((char *)tempname, &st_new) == 0;
1958 								    --*wp)
1959 		{
1960 		    /*
1961 		     * They all exist?  Must be something wrong! Don't
1962 		     * write the viminfo file then.
1963 		     */
1964 		    if (*wp == 'a')
1965 		    {
1966 			EMSG2(_("E929: Too many viminfo temp files, like %s!"),
1967 								    tempname);
1968 			vim_free(tempname);
1969 			tempname = NULL;
1970 			break;
1971 		    }
1972 		}
1973 	    }
1974 	    break;
1975 	}
1976 
1977 	if (tempname != NULL)
1978 	{
1979 #ifdef VMS
1980 	    /* fdopen() fails for some reason */
1981 	    umask_save = umask(077);
1982 	    fp_out = mch_fopen((char *)tempname, WRITEBIN);
1983 	    (void)umask(umask_save);
1984 #else
1985 	    int	fd;
1986 
1987 	    /* Use mch_open() to be able to use O_NOFOLLOW and set file
1988 	     * protection:
1989 	     * Unix: same as original file, but strip s-bit.  Reset umask to
1990 	     * avoid it getting in the way.
1991 	     * Others: r&w for user only. */
1992 # ifdef UNIX
1993 	    umask_save = umask(0);
1994 	    fd = mch_open((char *)tempname,
1995 		    O_CREAT|O_EXTRA|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY|O_NOFOLLOW,
1996 				       (int)((st_old.st_mode & 0777) | 0600));
1997 	    (void)umask(umask_save);
1998 # else
1999 	    fd = mch_open((char *)tempname,
2000 			    O_CREAT|O_EXTRA|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY|O_NOFOLLOW, 0600);
2001 # endif
2002 	    if (fd < 0)
2003 		fp_out = NULL;
2004 	    else
2005 		fp_out = fdopen(fd, WRITEBIN);
2006 #endif /* VMS */
2007 
2008 	    /*
2009 	     * If we can't create in the same directory, try creating a
2010 	     * "normal" temp file.
2011 	     */
2012 	    if (fp_out == NULL)
2013 	    {
2014 		vim_free(tempname);
2015 		if ((tempname = vim_tempname('o', TRUE)) != NULL)
2016 		    fp_out = mch_fopen((char *)tempname, WRITEBIN);
2017 	    }
2018 
2019 #if defined(UNIX) && defined(HAVE_FCHOWN)
2020 	    /*
2021 	     * Make sure the owner can read/write it.  This only works for
2022 	     * root.
2023 	     */
2024 	    if (fp_out != NULL)
2025 		ignored = fchown(fileno(fp_out), st_old.st_uid, st_old.st_gid);
2026 #endif
2027 	}
2028     }
2029 
2030     /*
2031      * Check if the new viminfo file can be written to.
2032      */
2033     if (fp_out == NULL)
2034     {
2035 	EMSG2(_("E138: Can't write viminfo file %s!"),
2036 		       (fp_in == NULL || tempname == NULL) ? fname : tempname);
2037 	if (fp_in != NULL)
2038 	    fclose(fp_in);
2039 	goto end;
2040     }
2041 
2042     if (p_verbose > 0)
2043     {
2044 	verbose_enter();
2045 	smsg((char_u *)_("Writing viminfo file \"%s\""), fname);
2046 	verbose_leave();
2047     }
2048 
2049     viminfo_errcnt = 0;
2050     do_viminfo(fp_in, fp_out, forceit ? 0 : (VIF_WANT_INFO | VIF_WANT_MARKS));
2051 
2052     if (fclose(fp_out) == EOF)
2053 	++viminfo_errcnt;
2054 
2055     if (fp_in != NULL)
2056     {
2057 	fclose(fp_in);
2058 
2059 	/* In case of an error keep the original viminfo file.  Otherwise
2060 	 * rename the newly written file.  Give an error if that fails. */
2061 	if (viminfo_errcnt == 0)
2062 	{
2063 	    if (vim_rename(tempname, fname) == -1)
2064 	    {
2065 		++viminfo_errcnt;
2066 		EMSG2(_("E886: Can't rename viminfo file to %s!"), fname);
2067 	    }
2068 # ifdef WIN3264
2069 	    /* If the viminfo file was hidden then also hide the new file. */
2070 	    else if (hidden)
2071 		mch_hide(fname);
2072 # endif
2073 	}
2074 	if (viminfo_errcnt > 0)
2075 	    mch_remove(tempname);
2076     }
2077 
2078 end:
2079     vim_free(fname);
2080     vim_free(tempname);
2081 }
2082 
2083 /*
2084  * Get the viminfo file name to use.
2085  * If "file" is given and not empty, use it (has already been expanded by
2086  * cmdline functions).
2087  * Otherwise use "-i file_name", value from 'viminfo' or the default, and
2088  * expand environment variables.
2089  * Returns an allocated string.  NULL when out of memory.
2090  */
2091     static char_u *
2092 viminfo_filename(char_u *file)
2093 {
2094     if (file == NULL || *file == NUL)
2095     {
2096 	if (*p_viminfofile != NUL)
2097 	    file = p_viminfofile;
2098 	else if ((file = find_viminfo_parameter('n')) == NULL || *file == NUL)
2099 	{
2100 #ifdef VIMINFO_FILE2
2101 	    /* don't use $HOME when not defined (turned into "c:/"!). */
2102 # ifdef VMS
2103 	    if (mch_getenv((char_u *)"SYS$LOGIN") == NULL)
2104 # else
2105 	    if (mch_getenv((char_u *)"HOME") == NULL)
2106 # endif
2107 	    {
2108 		/* don't use $VIM when not available. */
2109 		expand_env((char_u *)"$VIM", NameBuff, MAXPATHL);
2110 		if (STRCMP("$VIM", NameBuff) != 0)  /* $VIM was expanded */
2111 		    file = (char_u *)VIMINFO_FILE2;
2112 		else
2113 		    file = (char_u *)VIMINFO_FILE;
2114 	    }
2115 	    else
2116 #endif
2117 		file = (char_u *)VIMINFO_FILE;
2118 	}
2119 	expand_env(file, NameBuff, MAXPATHL);
2120 	file = NameBuff;
2121     }
2122     return vim_strsave(file);
2123 }
2124 
2125 /*
2126  * do_viminfo() -- Should only be called from read_viminfo() & write_viminfo().
2127  */
2128     static void
2129 do_viminfo(FILE *fp_in, FILE *fp_out, int flags)
2130 {
2131     int		eof = FALSE;
2132     vir_T	vir;
2133     int		merge = FALSE;
2134     int		do_copy_marks = FALSE;
2135     garray_T	buflist;
2136 
2137     if ((vir.vir_line = alloc(LSIZE)) == NULL)
2138 	return;
2139     vir.vir_fd = fp_in;
2140 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
2141     vir.vir_conv.vc_type = CONV_NONE;
2142 #endif
2143     ga_init2(&vir.vir_barlines, (int)sizeof(char_u *), 100);
2144     vir.vir_version = -1;
2145 
2146     if (fp_in != NULL)
2147     {
2148 	if (flags & VIF_WANT_INFO)
2149 	{
2150 	    if (fp_out != NULL)
2151 	    {
2152 		/* Registers and marks are read and kept separate from what
2153 		 * this Vim is using.  They are merged when writing. */
2154 		prepare_viminfo_registers();
2155 		prepare_viminfo_marks();
2156 	    }
2157 
2158 	    eof = read_viminfo_up_to_marks(&vir,
2159 					 flags & VIF_FORCEIT, fp_out != NULL);
2160 	    merge = TRUE;
2161 	}
2162 	else if (flags != 0)
2163 	    /* Skip info, find start of marks */
2164 	    while (!(eof = viminfo_readline(&vir))
2165 		    && vir.vir_line[0] != '>')
2166 		;
2167 
2168 	do_copy_marks = (flags &
2169 			   (VIF_WANT_MARKS | VIF_GET_OLDFILES | VIF_FORCEIT));
2170     }
2171 
2172     if (fp_out != NULL)
2173     {
2174 	/* Write the info: */
2175 	fprintf(fp_out, _("# This viminfo file was generated by Vim %s.\n"),
2176 							  VIM_VERSION_MEDIUM);
2177 	fputs(_("# You may edit it if you're careful!\n\n"), fp_out);
2178 	write_viminfo_version(fp_out);
2179 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
2180 	fputs(_("# Value of 'encoding' when this file was written\n"), fp_out);
2181 	fprintf(fp_out, "*encoding=%s\n\n", p_enc);
2182 #endif
2183 	write_viminfo_search_pattern(fp_out);
2184 	write_viminfo_sub_string(fp_out);
2185 #ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
2186 	write_viminfo_history(fp_out, merge);
2187 #endif
2188 	write_viminfo_registers(fp_out);
2189 	finish_viminfo_registers();
2190 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
2191 	write_viminfo_varlist(fp_out);
2192 #endif
2193 	write_viminfo_filemarks(fp_out);
2194 	finish_viminfo_marks();
2195 	write_viminfo_bufferlist(fp_out);
2196 	write_viminfo_barlines(&vir, fp_out);
2197 
2198 	if (do_copy_marks)
2199 	    ga_init2(&buflist, sizeof(buf_T *), 50);
2200 	write_viminfo_marks(fp_out, do_copy_marks ? &buflist : NULL);
2201     }
2202 
2203     if (do_copy_marks)
2204     {
2205 	copy_viminfo_marks(&vir, fp_out, &buflist, eof, flags);
2206 	if (fp_out != NULL)
2207 	    ga_clear(&buflist);
2208     }
2209 
2210     vim_free(vir.vir_line);
2211 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
2212     if (vir.vir_conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE)
2213 	convert_setup(&vir.vir_conv, NULL, NULL);
2214 #endif
2215     ga_clear_strings(&vir.vir_barlines);
2216 }
2217 
2218 /*
2219  * read_viminfo_up_to_marks() -- Only called from do_viminfo().  Reads in the
2220  * first part of the viminfo file which contains everything but the marks that
2221  * are local to a file.  Returns TRUE when end-of-file is reached. -- webb
2222  */
2223     static int
2224 read_viminfo_up_to_marks(
2225     vir_T	*virp,
2226     int		forceit,
2227     int		writing)
2228 {
2229     int		eof;
2230     buf_T	*buf;
2231     int		got_encoding = FALSE;
2232 
2233 #ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
2234     prepare_viminfo_history(forceit ? 9999 : 0, writing);
2235 #endif
2236 
2237     eof = viminfo_readline(virp);
2238     while (!eof && virp->vir_line[0] != '>')
2239     {
2240 	switch (virp->vir_line[0])
2241 	{
2242 		/* Characters reserved for future expansion, ignored now */
2243 	    case '+': /* "+40 /path/dir file", for running vim without args */
2244 	    case '^': /* to be defined */
2245 	    case '<': /* long line - ignored */
2246 		/* A comment or empty line. */
2247 	    case NUL:
2248 	    case '\r':
2249 	    case '\n':
2250 	    case '#':
2251 		eof = viminfo_readline(virp);
2252 		break;
2253 	    case '|':
2254 		eof = read_viminfo_barline(virp, got_encoding,
2255 							    forceit, writing);
2256 		break;
2257 	    case '*': /* "*encoding=value" */
2258 		got_encoding = TRUE;
2259 		eof = viminfo_encoding(virp);
2260 		break;
2261 	    case '!': /* global variable */
2262 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
2263 		eof = read_viminfo_varlist(virp, writing);
2264 #else
2265 		eof = viminfo_readline(virp);
2266 #endif
2267 		break;
2268 	    case '%': /* entry for buffer list */
2269 		eof = read_viminfo_bufferlist(virp, writing);
2270 		break;
2271 	    case '"':
2272 		/* When registers are in bar lines skip the old style register
2273 		 * lines. */
2274 		if (virp->vir_version < VIMINFO_VERSION_WITH_REGISTERS)
2275 		    eof = read_viminfo_register(virp, forceit);
2276 		else
2277 		    do {
2278 			eof = viminfo_readline(virp);
2279 		    } while (!eof && (virp->vir_line[0] == TAB
2280 						|| virp->vir_line[0] == '<'));
2281 		break;
2282 	    case '/':	    /* Search string */
2283 	    case '&':	    /* Substitute search string */
2284 	    case '~':	    /* Last search string, followed by '/' or '&' */
2285 		eof = read_viminfo_search_pattern(virp, forceit);
2286 		break;
2287 	    case '$':
2288 		eof = read_viminfo_sub_string(virp, forceit);
2289 		break;
2290 	    case ':':
2291 	    case '?':
2292 	    case '=':
2293 	    case '@':
2294 #ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
2295 		/* When history is in bar lines skip the old style history
2296 		 * lines. */
2297 		if (virp->vir_version < VIMINFO_VERSION_WITH_HISTORY)
2298 		    eof = read_viminfo_history(virp, writing);
2299 		else
2300 #endif
2301 		    eof = viminfo_readline(virp);
2302 		break;
2303 	    case '-':
2304 	    case '\'':
2305 		/* When file marks are in bar lines skip the old style lines. */
2306 		if (virp->vir_version < VIMINFO_VERSION_WITH_MARKS)
2307 		    eof = read_viminfo_filemark(virp, forceit);
2308 		else
2309 		    eof = viminfo_readline(virp);
2310 		break;
2311 	    default:
2312 		if (viminfo_error("E575: ", _("Illegal starting char"),
2313 			    virp->vir_line))
2314 		    eof = TRUE;
2315 		else
2316 		    eof = viminfo_readline(virp);
2317 		break;
2318 	}
2319     }
2320 
2321 #ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
2322     /* Finish reading history items. */
2323     if (!writing)
2324 	finish_viminfo_history(virp);
2325 #endif
2326 
2327     /* Change file names to buffer numbers for fmarks. */
2328     FOR_ALL_BUFFERS(buf)
2329 	fmarks_check_names(buf);
2330 
2331     return eof;
2332 }
2333 
2334 /*
2335  * Compare the 'encoding' value in the viminfo file with the current value of
2336  * 'encoding'.  If different and the 'c' flag is in 'viminfo', setup for
2337  * conversion of text with iconv() in viminfo_readstring().
2338  */
2339     static int
2340 viminfo_encoding(vir_T *virp)
2341 {
2342 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
2343     char_u	*p;
2344     int		i;
2345 
2346     if (get_viminfo_parameter('c') != 0)
2347     {
2348 	p = vim_strchr(virp->vir_line, '=');
2349 	if (p != NULL)
2350 	{
2351 	    /* remove trailing newline */
2352 	    ++p;
2353 	    for (i = 0; vim_isprintc(p[i]); ++i)
2354 		;
2355 	    p[i] = NUL;
2356 
2357 	    convert_setup(&virp->vir_conv, p, p_enc);
2358 	}
2359     }
2360 #endif
2361     return viminfo_readline(virp);
2362 }
2363 
2364 /*
2365  * Read a line from the viminfo file.
2366  * Returns TRUE for end-of-file;
2367  */
2368     int
2369 viminfo_readline(vir_T *virp)
2370 {
2371     return vim_fgets(virp->vir_line, LSIZE, virp->vir_fd);
2372 }
2373 
2374 /*
2375  * Check string read from viminfo file.
2376  * Remove '\n' at the end of the line.
2377  * - replace CTRL-V CTRL-V with CTRL-V
2378  * - replace CTRL-V 'n'    with '\n'
2379  *
2380  * Check for a long line as written by viminfo_writestring().
2381  *
2382  * Return the string in allocated memory (NULL when out of memory).
2383  */
2384     char_u *
2385 viminfo_readstring(
2386     vir_T	*virp,
2387     int		off,		    /* offset for virp->vir_line */
2388     int		convert UNUSED)	    /* convert the string */
2389 {
2390     char_u	*retval;
2391     char_u	*s, *d;
2392     long	len;
2393 
2394     if (virp->vir_line[off] == Ctrl_V && vim_isdigit(virp->vir_line[off + 1]))
2395     {
2396 	len = atol((char *)virp->vir_line + off + 1);
2397 	retval = lalloc(len, TRUE);
2398 	if (retval == NULL)
2399 	{
2400 	    /* Line too long?  File messed up?  Skip next line. */
2401 	    (void)vim_fgets(virp->vir_line, 10, virp->vir_fd);
2402 	    return NULL;
2403 	}
2404 	(void)vim_fgets(retval, (int)len, virp->vir_fd);
2405 	s = retval + 1;	    /* Skip the leading '<' */
2406     }
2407     else
2408     {
2409 	retval = vim_strsave(virp->vir_line + off);
2410 	if (retval == NULL)
2411 	    return NULL;
2412 	s = retval;
2413     }
2414 
2415     /* Change CTRL-V CTRL-V to CTRL-V and CTRL-V n to \n in-place. */
2416     d = retval;
2417     while (*s != NUL && *s != '\n')
2418     {
2419 	if (s[0] == Ctrl_V && s[1] != NUL)
2420 	{
2421 	    if (s[1] == 'n')
2422 		*d++ = '\n';
2423 	    else
2424 		*d++ = Ctrl_V;
2425 	    s += 2;
2426 	}
2427 	else
2428 	    *d++ = *s++;
2429     }
2430     *d = NUL;
2431 
2432 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
2433     if (convert && virp->vir_conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE && *retval != NUL)
2434     {
2435 	d = string_convert(&virp->vir_conv, retval, NULL);
2436 	if (d != NULL)
2437 	{
2438 	    vim_free(retval);
2439 	    retval = d;
2440 	}
2441     }
2442 #endif
2443 
2444     return retval;
2445 }
2446 
2447 /*
2448  * write string to viminfo file
2449  * - replace CTRL-V with CTRL-V CTRL-V
2450  * - replace '\n'   with CTRL-V 'n'
2451  * - add a '\n' at the end
2452  *
2453  * For a long line:
2454  * - write " CTRL-V <length> \n " in first line
2455  * - write " < <string> \n "	  in second line
2456  */
2457     void
2458 viminfo_writestring(FILE *fd, char_u *p)
2459 {
2460     int		c;
2461     char_u	*s;
2462     int		len = 0;
2463 
2464     for (s = p; *s != NUL; ++s)
2465     {
2466 	if (*s == Ctrl_V || *s == '\n')
2467 	    ++len;
2468 	++len;
2469     }
2470 
2471     /* If the string will be too long, write its length and put it in the next
2472      * line.  Take into account that some room is needed for what comes before
2473      * the string (e.g., variable name).  Add something to the length for the
2474      * '<', NL and trailing NUL. */
2475     if (len > LSIZE / 2)
2476 	fprintf(fd, IF_EB("\026%d\n<", CTRL_V_STR "%d\n<"), len + 3);
2477 
2478     while ((c = *p++) != NUL)
2479     {
2480 	if (c == Ctrl_V || c == '\n')
2481 	{
2482 	    putc(Ctrl_V, fd);
2483 	    if (c == '\n')
2484 		c = 'n';
2485 	}
2486 	putc(c, fd);
2487     }
2488     putc('\n', fd);
2489 }
2490 
2491 /*
2492  * Write a string in quotes that barline_parse() can read back.
2493  * Breaks the line in less than LSIZE pieces when needed.
2494  * Returns remaining characters in the line.
2495  */
2496     int
2497 barline_writestring(FILE *fd, char_u *s, int remaining_start)
2498 {
2499     char_u *p;
2500     int	    remaining = remaining_start;
2501     int	    len = 2;
2502 
2503     /* Count the number of characters produced, including quotes. */
2504     for (p = s; *p != NUL; ++p)
2505     {
2506 	if (*p == NL)
2507 	    len += 2;
2508 	else if (*p == '"' || *p == '\\')
2509 	    len += 2;
2510 	else
2511 	    ++len;
2512     }
2513     if (len > remaining - 2)
2514     {
2515 	fprintf(fd, ">%d\n|<", len);
2516 	remaining = LSIZE - 20;
2517     }
2518 
2519     putc('"', fd);
2520     for (p = s; *p != NUL; ++p)
2521     {
2522 	if (*p == NL)
2523 	{
2524 	    putc('\\', fd);
2525 	    putc('n', fd);
2526 	    --remaining;
2527 	}
2528 	else if (*p == '"' || *p == '\\')
2529 	{
2530 	    putc('\\', fd);
2531 	    putc(*p, fd);
2532 	    --remaining;
2533 	}
2534 	else
2535 	    putc(*p, fd);
2536 	--remaining;
2537 
2538 	if (remaining < 3)
2539 	{
2540 	    putc('\n', fd);
2541 	    putc('|', fd);
2542 	    putc('<', fd);
2543 	    /* Leave enough space for another continuation. */
2544 	    remaining = LSIZE - 20;
2545 	}
2546     }
2547     putc('"', fd);
2548     return remaining - 2;
2549 }
2550 
2551 /*
2552  * Parse a viminfo line starting with '|'.
2553  * Add each decoded value to "values".
2554  * Returns TRUE if the next line is to be read after using the parsed values.
2555  */
2556     static int
2557 barline_parse(vir_T *virp, char_u *text, garray_T *values)
2558 {
2559     char_u  *p = text;
2560     char_u  *nextp = NULL;
2561     char_u  *buf = NULL;
2562     bval_T  *value;
2563     int	    i;
2564     int	    allocated = FALSE;
2565     int	    eof;
2566 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
2567     char_u  *sconv;
2568     int	    converted;
2569 #endif
2570 
2571     while (*p == ',')
2572     {
2573 	++p;
2574 	if (ga_grow(values, 1) == FAIL)
2575 	    break;
2576 	value = (bval_T *)(values->ga_data) + values->ga_len;
2577 
2578 	if (*p == '>')
2579 	{
2580 	    /* Need to read a continuation line.  Put strings in allocated
2581 	     * memory, because virp->vir_line is overwritten. */
2582 	    if (!allocated)
2583 	    {
2584 		for (i = 0; i < values->ga_len; ++i)
2585 		{
2586 		    bval_T  *vp = (bval_T *)(values->ga_data) + i;
2587 
2588 		    if (vp->bv_type == BVAL_STRING && !vp->bv_allocated)
2589 		    {
2590 			vp->bv_string = vim_strnsave(vp->bv_string, vp->bv_len);
2591 			vp->bv_allocated = TRUE;
2592 		    }
2593 		}
2594 		allocated = TRUE;
2595 	    }
2596 
2597 	    if (vim_isdigit(p[1]))
2598 	    {
2599 		size_t len;
2600 		size_t todo;
2601 		size_t n;
2602 
2603 		/* String value was split into lines that are each shorter
2604 		 * than LSIZE:
2605 		 *     |{bartype},>{length of "{text}{text2}"}
2606 		 *     |<"{text1}
2607 		 *     |<{text2}",{value}
2608 		 * Length includes the quotes.
2609 		 */
2610 		++p;
2611 		len = getdigits(&p);
2612 		buf = alloc((int)(len + 1));
2613 		if (buf == NULL)
2614 		    return TRUE;
2615 		p = buf;
2616 		for (todo = len; todo > 0; todo -= n)
2617 		{
2618 		    eof = viminfo_readline(virp);
2619 		    if (eof || virp->vir_line[0] != '|'
2620 						  || virp->vir_line[1] != '<')
2621 		    {
2622 			/* File was truncated or garbled. Read another line if
2623 			 * this one starts with '|'. */
2624 			vim_free(buf);
2625 			return eof || virp->vir_line[0] == '|';
2626 		    }
2627 		    /* Get length of text, excluding |< and NL chars. */
2628 		    n = STRLEN(virp->vir_line);
2629 		    while (n > 0 && (virp->vir_line[n - 1] == NL
2630 					     || virp->vir_line[n - 1] == CAR))
2631 			--n;
2632 		    n -= 2;
2633 		    if (n > todo)
2634 		    {
2635 			/* more values follow after the string */
2636 			nextp = virp->vir_line + 2 + todo;
2637 			n = todo;
2638 		    }
2639 		    mch_memmove(p, virp->vir_line + 2, n);
2640 		    p += n;
2641 		}
2642 		*p = NUL;
2643 		p = buf;
2644 	    }
2645 	    else
2646 	    {
2647 		/* Line ending in ">" continues in the next line:
2648 		 *     |{bartype},{lots of values},>
2649 		 *     |<{value},{value}
2650 		 */
2651 		eof = viminfo_readline(virp);
2652 		if (eof || virp->vir_line[0] != '|'
2653 					      || virp->vir_line[1] != '<')
2654 		    /* File was truncated or garbled. Read another line if
2655 		     * this one starts with '|'. */
2656 		    return eof || virp->vir_line[0] == '|';
2657 		p = virp->vir_line + 2;
2658 	    }
2659 	}
2660 
2661 	if (isdigit(*p))
2662 	{
2663 	    value->bv_type = BVAL_NR;
2664 	    value->bv_nr = getdigits(&p);
2665 	    ++values->ga_len;
2666 	}
2667 	else if (*p == '"')
2668 	{
2669 	    int	    len = 0;
2670 	    char_u  *s = p;
2671 
2672 	    /* Unescape special characters in-place. */
2673 	    ++p;
2674 	    while (*p != '"')
2675 	    {
2676 		if (*p == NL || *p == NUL)
2677 		    return TRUE;  /* syntax error, drop the value */
2678 		if (*p == '\\')
2679 		{
2680 		    ++p;
2681 		    if (*p == 'n')
2682 			s[len++] = '\n';
2683 		    else
2684 			s[len++] = *p;
2685 		    ++p;
2686 		}
2687 		else
2688 		    s[len++] = *p++;
2689 	    }
2690 	    ++p;
2691 	    s[len] = NUL;
2692 
2693 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
2694 	    converted = FALSE;
2695 	    if (virp->vir_conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE && *s != NUL)
2696 	    {
2697 		sconv = string_convert(&virp->vir_conv, s, NULL);
2698 		if (sconv != NULL)
2699 		{
2700 		    if (s == buf)
2701 			vim_free(s);
2702 		    s = sconv;
2703 		    buf = s;
2704 		    converted = TRUE;
2705 		}
2706 	    }
2707 #endif
2708 	    /* Need to copy in allocated memory if the string wasn't allocated
2709 	     * above and we did allocate before, thus vir_line may change. */
2710 	    if (s != buf && allocated)
2711 		s = vim_strsave(s);
2712 	    value->bv_string = s;
2713 	    value->bv_type = BVAL_STRING;
2714 	    value->bv_len = len;
2715 	    value->bv_allocated = allocated
2716 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
2717 					    || converted
2718 #endif
2719 						;
2720 	    ++values->ga_len;
2721 	    if (nextp != NULL)
2722 	    {
2723 		/* values following a long string */
2724 		p = nextp;
2725 		nextp = NULL;
2726 	    }
2727 	}
2728 	else if (*p == ',')
2729 	{
2730 	    value->bv_type = BVAL_EMPTY;
2731 	    ++values->ga_len;
2732 	}
2733 	else
2734 	    break;
2735     }
2736     return TRUE;
2737 }
2738 
2739     static int
2740 read_viminfo_barline(vir_T *virp, int got_encoding, int force, int writing)
2741 {
2742     char_u	*p = virp->vir_line + 1;
2743     int		bartype;
2744     garray_T	values;
2745     bval_T	*vp;
2746     int		i;
2747     int		read_next = TRUE;
2748 
2749     /* The format is: |{bartype},{value},...
2750      * For a very long string:
2751      *     |{bartype},>{length of "{text}{text2}"}
2752      *     |<{text1}
2753      *     |<{text2},{value}
2754      * For a long line not using a string
2755      *     |{bartype},{lots of values},>
2756      *     |<{value},{value}
2757      */
2758     if (*p == '<')
2759     {
2760 	/* Continuation line of an unrecognized item. */
2761 	if (writing)
2762 	    ga_add_string(&virp->vir_barlines, virp->vir_line);
2763     }
2764     else
2765     {
2766 	ga_init2(&values, sizeof(bval_T), 20);
2767 	bartype = getdigits(&p);
2768 	switch (bartype)
2769 	{
2770 	    case BARTYPE_VERSION:
2771 		/* Only use the version when it comes before the encoding.
2772 		 * If it comes later it was copied by a Vim version that
2773 		 * doesn't understand the version. */
2774 		if (!got_encoding)
2775 		{
2776 		    read_next = barline_parse(virp, p, &values);
2777 		    vp = (bval_T *)values.ga_data;
2778 		    if (values.ga_len > 0 && vp->bv_type == BVAL_NR)
2779 			virp->vir_version = vp->bv_nr;
2780 		}
2781 		break;
2782 
2783 	    case BARTYPE_HISTORY:
2784 		read_next = barline_parse(virp, p, &values);
2785 		handle_viminfo_history(&values, writing);
2786 		break;
2787 
2788 	    case BARTYPE_REGISTER:
2789 		read_next = barline_parse(virp, p, &values);
2790 		handle_viminfo_register(&values, force);
2791 		break;
2792 
2793 	    case BARTYPE_MARK:
2794 		read_next = barline_parse(virp, p, &values);
2795 		handle_viminfo_mark(&values, force);
2796 		break;
2797 
2798 	    default:
2799 		/* copy unrecognized line (for future use) */
2800 		if (writing)
2801 		    ga_add_string(&virp->vir_barlines, virp->vir_line);
2802 	}
2803 	for (i = 0; i < values.ga_len; ++i)
2804 	{
2805 	    vp = (bval_T *)values.ga_data + i;
2806 	    if (vp->bv_type == BVAL_STRING && vp->bv_allocated)
2807 		vim_free(vp->bv_string);
2808 	}
2809 	ga_clear(&values);
2810     }
2811 
2812     if (read_next)
2813 	return viminfo_readline(virp);
2814     return FALSE;
2815 }
2816 
2817     static void
2818 write_viminfo_version(FILE *fp_out)
2819 {
2820     fprintf(fp_out, "# Viminfo version\n|%d,%d\n\n",
2821 					    BARTYPE_VERSION, VIMINFO_VERSION);
2822 }
2823 
2824     static void
2825 write_viminfo_barlines(vir_T *virp, FILE *fp_out)
2826 {
2827     int		i;
2828     garray_T	*gap = &virp->vir_barlines;
2829     int		seen_useful = FALSE;
2830     char	*line;
2831 
2832     if (gap->ga_len > 0)
2833     {
2834 	fputs(_("\n# Bar lines, copied verbatim:\n"), fp_out);
2835 
2836 	/* Skip over continuation lines until seeing a useful line. */
2837 	for (i = 0; i < gap->ga_len; ++i)
2838 	{
2839 	    line = ((char **)(gap->ga_data))[i];
2840 	    if (seen_useful || line[1] != '<')
2841 	    {
2842 		fputs(line, fp_out);
2843 		seen_useful = TRUE;
2844 	    }
2845 	}
2846     }
2847 }
2848 #endif /* FEAT_VIMINFO */
2849 
2850 /*
2851  * Return the current time in seconds.  Calls time(), unless test_settime()
2852  * was used.
2853  */
2854     time_T
2855 vim_time(void)
2856 {
2857 # ifdef FEAT_EVAL
2858     return time_for_testing == 0 ? time(NULL) : time_for_testing;
2859 # else
2860     return time(NULL);
2861 # endif
2862 }
2863 
2864 /*
2865  * Implementation of ":fixdel", also used by get_stty().
2866  *  <BS>    resulting <Del>
2867  *   ^?		^H
2868  * not ^?	^?
2869  */
2870     void
2871 do_fixdel(exarg_T *eap UNUSED)
2872 {
2873     char_u  *p;
2874 
2875     p = find_termcode((char_u *)"kb");
2876     add_termcode((char_u *)"kD", p != NULL
2877 	    && *p == DEL ? (char_u *)CTRL_H_STR : DEL_STR, FALSE);
2878 }
2879 
2880     void
2881 print_line_no_prefix(
2882     linenr_T	lnum,
2883     int		use_number,
2884     int		list)
2885 {
2886     char_u	numbuf[30];
2887 
2888     if (curwin->w_p_nu || use_number)
2889     {
2890 	vim_snprintf((char *)numbuf, sizeof(numbuf),
2891 				   "%*ld ", number_width(curwin), (long)lnum);
2892 	msg_puts_attr(numbuf, HL_ATTR(HLF_N));	/* Highlight line nrs */
2893     }
2894     msg_prt_line(ml_get(lnum), list);
2895 }
2896 
2897 /*
2898  * Print a text line.  Also in silent mode ("ex -s").
2899  */
2900     void
2901 print_line(linenr_T lnum, int use_number, int list)
2902 {
2903     int		save_silent = silent_mode;
2904 
2905     /* apply :filter /pat/ */
2906     if (message_filtered(ml_get(lnum)))
2907 	return;
2908 
2909     msg_start();
2910     silent_mode = FALSE;
2911     info_message = TRUE;	/* use mch_msg(), not mch_errmsg() */
2912     print_line_no_prefix(lnum, use_number, list);
2913     if (save_silent)
2914     {
2915 	msg_putchar('\n');
2916 	cursor_on();		/* msg_start() switches it off */
2917 	out_flush();
2918 	silent_mode = save_silent;
2919     }
2920     info_message = FALSE;
2921 }
2922 
2923     int
2924 rename_buffer(char_u *new_fname)
2925 {
2926     char_u	*fname, *sfname, *xfname;
2927     buf_T	*buf;
2928 
2929 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
2930     buf = curbuf;
2931     apply_autocmds(EVENT_BUFFILEPRE, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
2932     /* buffer changed, don't change name now */
2933     if (buf != curbuf)
2934 	return FAIL;
2935 # ifdef FEAT_EVAL
2936     if (aborting())	    /* autocmds may abort script processing */
2937 	return FAIL;
2938 # endif
2939 #endif
2940     /*
2941      * The name of the current buffer will be changed.
2942      * A new (unlisted) buffer entry needs to be made to hold the old file
2943      * name, which will become the alternate file name.
2944      * But don't set the alternate file name if the buffer didn't have a
2945      * name.
2946      */
2947     fname = curbuf->b_ffname;
2948     sfname = curbuf->b_sfname;
2949     xfname = curbuf->b_fname;
2950     curbuf->b_ffname = NULL;
2951     curbuf->b_sfname = NULL;
2952     if (setfname(curbuf, new_fname, NULL, TRUE) == FAIL)
2953     {
2954 	curbuf->b_ffname = fname;
2955 	curbuf->b_sfname = sfname;
2956 	return FAIL;
2957     }
2958     curbuf->b_flags |= BF_NOTEDITED;
2959     if (xfname != NULL && *xfname != NUL)
2960     {
2961 	buf = buflist_new(fname, xfname, curwin->w_cursor.lnum, 0);
2962 	if (buf != NULL && !cmdmod.keepalt)
2963 	    curwin->w_alt_fnum = buf->b_fnum;
2964     }
2965     vim_free(fname);
2966     vim_free(sfname);
2967 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
2968     apply_autocmds(EVENT_BUFFILEPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
2969 #endif
2970     /* Change directories when the 'acd' option is set. */
2971     DO_AUTOCHDIR
2972     return OK;
2973 }
2974 
2975 /*
2976  * ":file[!] [fname]".
2977  */
2978     void
2979 ex_file(exarg_T *eap)
2980 {
2981     /* ":0file" removes the file name.  Check for illegal uses ":3file",
2982      * "0file name", etc. */
2983     if (eap->addr_count > 0
2984 	    && (*eap->arg != NUL
2985 		|| eap->line2 > 0
2986 		|| eap->addr_count > 1))
2987     {
2988 	EMSG(_(e_invarg));
2989 	return;
2990     }
2991 
2992     if (*eap->arg != NUL || eap->addr_count == 1)
2993     {
2994 	if (rename_buffer(eap->arg) == FAIL)
2995 	    return;
2996     }
2997     /* print full file name if :cd used */
2998     if (!shortmess(SHM_FILEINFO))
2999 	fileinfo(FALSE, FALSE, eap->forceit);
3000 }
3001 
3002 /*
3003  * ":update".
3004  */
3005     void
3006 ex_update(exarg_T *eap)
3007 {
3008     if (curbufIsChanged())
3009 	(void)do_write(eap);
3010 }
3011 
3012 /*
3013  * ":write" and ":saveas".
3014  */
3015     void
3016 ex_write(exarg_T *eap)
3017 {
3018     if (eap->usefilter)		/* input lines to shell command */
3019 	do_bang(1, eap, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
3020     else
3021 	(void)do_write(eap);
3022 }
3023 
3024 /*
3025  * write current buffer to file 'eap->arg'
3026  * if 'eap->append' is TRUE, append to the file
3027  *
3028  * if *eap->arg == NUL write to current file
3029  *
3030  * return FAIL for failure, OK otherwise
3031  */
3032     int
3033 do_write(exarg_T *eap)
3034 {
3035     int		other;
3036     char_u	*fname = NULL;		/* init to shut up gcc */
3037     char_u	*ffname;
3038     int		retval = FAIL;
3039     char_u	*free_fname = NULL;
3040 #ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
3041     char_u	*browse_file = NULL;
3042 #endif
3043     buf_T	*alt_buf = NULL;
3044     int		name_was_missing;
3045 
3046     if (not_writing())		/* check 'write' option */
3047 	return FAIL;
3048 
3049     ffname = eap->arg;
3050 #ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
3051     if (cmdmod.browse)
3052     {
3053 	browse_file = do_browse(BROWSE_SAVE, (char_u *)_("Save As"), ffname,
3054 						    NULL, NULL, NULL, curbuf);
3055 	if (browse_file == NULL)
3056 	    goto theend;
3057 	ffname = browse_file;
3058     }
3059 #endif
3060     if (*ffname == NUL)
3061     {
3062 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_saveas)
3063 	{
3064 	    EMSG(_(e_argreq));
3065 	    goto theend;
3066 	}
3067 	other = FALSE;
3068     }
3069     else
3070     {
3071 	fname = ffname;
3072 	free_fname = fix_fname(ffname);
3073 	/*
3074 	 * When out-of-memory, keep unexpanded file name, because we MUST be
3075 	 * able to write the file in this situation.
3076 	 */
3077 	if (free_fname != NULL)
3078 	    ffname = free_fname;
3079 	other = otherfile(ffname);
3080     }
3081 
3082     /*
3083      * If we have a new file, put its name in the list of alternate file names.
3084      */
3085     if (other)
3086     {
3087 	if (vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_ALTWRITE) != NULL
3088 						 || eap->cmdidx == CMD_saveas)
3089 	    alt_buf = setaltfname(ffname, fname, (linenr_T)1);
3090 	else
3091 	    alt_buf = buflist_findname(ffname);
3092 	if (alt_buf != NULL && alt_buf->b_ml.ml_mfp != NULL)
3093 	{
3094 	    /* Overwriting a file that is loaded in another buffer is not a
3095 	     * good idea. */
3096 	    EMSG(_(e_bufloaded));
3097 	    goto theend;
3098 	}
3099     }
3100 
3101     /*
3102      * Writing to the current file is not allowed in readonly mode
3103      * and a file name is required.
3104      * "nofile" and "nowrite" buffers cannot be written implicitly either.
3105      */
3106     if (!other && (
3107 #ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
3108 		bt_dontwrite_msg(curbuf) ||
3109 #endif
3110 		check_fname() == FAIL || check_readonly(&eap->forceit, curbuf)))
3111 	goto theend;
3112 
3113     if (!other)
3114     {
3115 	ffname = curbuf->b_ffname;
3116 	fname = curbuf->b_fname;
3117 	/*
3118 	 * Not writing the whole file is only allowed with '!'.
3119 	 */
3120 	if (	   (eap->line1 != 1
3121 		    || eap->line2 != curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
3122 		&& !eap->forceit
3123 		&& !eap->append
3124 		&& !p_wa)
3125 	{
3126 #if defined(FEAT_GUI_DIALOG) || defined(FEAT_CON_DIALOG)
3127 	    if (p_confirm || cmdmod.confirm)
3128 	    {
3129 		if (vim_dialog_yesno(VIM_QUESTION, NULL,
3130 			       (char_u *)_("Write partial file?"), 2) != VIM_YES)
3131 		    goto theend;
3132 		eap->forceit = TRUE;
3133 	    }
3134 	    else
3135 #endif
3136 	    {
3137 		EMSG(_("E140: Use ! to write partial buffer"));
3138 		goto theend;
3139 	    }
3140 	}
3141     }
3142 
3143     if (check_overwrite(eap, curbuf, fname, ffname, other) == OK)
3144     {
3145 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_saveas && alt_buf != NULL)
3146 	{
3147 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3148 	    buf_T	*was_curbuf = curbuf;
3149 
3150 	    apply_autocmds(EVENT_BUFFILEPRE, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
3151 	    apply_autocmds(EVENT_BUFFILEPRE, NULL, NULL, FALSE, alt_buf);
3152 # ifdef FEAT_EVAL
3153 	    if (curbuf != was_curbuf || aborting())
3154 # else
3155 	    if (curbuf != was_curbuf)
3156 # endif
3157 	    {
3158 		/* buffer changed, don't change name now */
3159 		retval = FAIL;
3160 		goto theend;
3161 	    }
3162 #endif
3163 	    /* Exchange the file names for the current and the alternate
3164 	     * buffer.  This makes it look like we are now editing the buffer
3165 	     * under the new name.  Must be done before buf_write(), because
3166 	     * if there is no file name and 'cpo' contains 'F', it will set
3167 	     * the file name. */
3168 	    fname = alt_buf->b_fname;
3169 	    alt_buf->b_fname = curbuf->b_fname;
3170 	    curbuf->b_fname = fname;
3171 	    fname = alt_buf->b_ffname;
3172 	    alt_buf->b_ffname = curbuf->b_ffname;
3173 	    curbuf->b_ffname = fname;
3174 	    fname = alt_buf->b_sfname;
3175 	    alt_buf->b_sfname = curbuf->b_sfname;
3176 	    curbuf->b_sfname = fname;
3177 	    buf_name_changed(curbuf);
3178 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3179 	    apply_autocmds(EVENT_BUFFILEPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
3180 	    apply_autocmds(EVENT_BUFFILEPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE, alt_buf);
3181 	    if (!alt_buf->b_p_bl)
3182 	    {
3183 		alt_buf->b_p_bl = TRUE;
3184 		apply_autocmds(EVENT_BUFADD, NULL, NULL, FALSE, alt_buf);
3185 	    }
3186 # ifdef FEAT_EVAL
3187 	    if (curbuf != was_curbuf || aborting())
3188 # else
3189 	    if (curbuf != was_curbuf)
3190 # endif
3191 	    {
3192 		/* buffer changed, don't write the file */
3193 		retval = FAIL;
3194 		goto theend;
3195 	    }
3196 
3197 	    /* If 'filetype' was empty try detecting it now. */
3198 	    if (*curbuf->b_p_ft == NUL)
3199 	    {
3200 		if (au_has_group((char_u *)"filetypedetect"))
3201 		    (void)do_doautocmd((char_u *)"filetypedetect BufRead",
3202 								  TRUE, NULL);
3203 		do_modelines(0);
3204 	    }
3205 
3206 	    /* Autocommands may have changed buffer names, esp. when
3207 	     * 'autochdir' is set. */
3208 	    fname = curbuf->b_sfname;
3209 #endif
3210 	}
3211 
3212 	name_was_missing = curbuf->b_ffname == NULL;
3213 
3214 	retval = buf_write(curbuf, ffname, fname, eap->line1, eap->line2,
3215 				 eap, eap->append, eap->forceit, TRUE, FALSE);
3216 
3217 	/* After ":saveas fname" reset 'readonly'. */
3218 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_saveas)
3219 	{
3220 	    if (retval == OK)
3221 	    {
3222 		curbuf->b_p_ro = FALSE;
3223 #ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
3224 		redraw_tabline = TRUE;
3225 #endif
3226 	    }
3227 	}
3228 
3229 	/* Change directories when the 'acd' option is set and the file name
3230 	 * got changed or set. */
3231 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_saveas || name_was_missing)
3232 	{
3233 	    DO_AUTOCHDIR
3234 	}
3235     }
3236 
3237 theend:
3238 #ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
3239     vim_free(browse_file);
3240 #endif
3241     vim_free(free_fname);
3242     return retval;
3243 }
3244 
3245 /*
3246  * Check if it is allowed to overwrite a file.  If b_flags has BF_NOTEDITED,
3247  * BF_NEW or BF_READERR, check for overwriting current file.
3248  * May set eap->forceit if a dialog says it's OK to overwrite.
3249  * Return OK if it's OK, FAIL if it is not.
3250  */
3251     int
3252 check_overwrite(
3253     exarg_T	*eap,
3254     buf_T	*buf,
3255     char_u	*fname,	    /* file name to be used (can differ from
3256 			       buf->ffname) */
3257     char_u	*ffname,    /* full path version of fname */
3258     int		other)	    /* writing under other name */
3259 {
3260     /*
3261      * write to other file or b_flags set or not writing the whole file:
3262      * overwriting only allowed with '!'
3263      */
3264     if (       (other
3265 		|| (buf->b_flags & BF_NOTEDITED)
3266 		|| ((buf->b_flags & BF_NEW)
3267 		    && vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_OVERNEW) == NULL)
3268 		|| (buf->b_flags & BF_READERR))
3269 	    && !p_wa
3270 #ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
3271 	    && !bt_nofile(buf)
3272 #endif
3273 	    && vim_fexists(ffname))
3274     {
3275 	if (!eap->forceit && !eap->append)
3276 	{
3277 #ifdef UNIX
3278 	    /* with UNIX it is possible to open a directory */
3279 	    if (mch_isdir(ffname))
3280 	    {
3281 		EMSG2(_(e_isadir2), ffname);
3282 		return FAIL;
3283 	    }
3284 #endif
3285 #if defined(FEAT_GUI_DIALOG) || defined(FEAT_CON_DIALOG)
3286 	    if (p_confirm || cmdmod.confirm)
3287 	    {
3288 		char_u	buff[DIALOG_MSG_SIZE];
3289 
3290 		dialog_msg(buff, _("Overwrite existing file \"%s\"?"), fname);
3291 		if (vim_dialog_yesno(VIM_QUESTION, NULL, buff, 2) != VIM_YES)
3292 		    return FAIL;
3293 		eap->forceit = TRUE;
3294 	    }
3295 	    else
3296 #endif
3297 	    {
3298 		EMSG(_(e_exists));
3299 		return FAIL;
3300 	    }
3301 	}
3302 
3303 	/* For ":w! filename" check that no swap file exists for "filename". */
3304 	if (other && !emsg_silent)
3305 	{
3306 	    char_u	*dir;
3307 	    char_u	*p;
3308 	    int		r;
3309 	    char_u	*swapname;
3310 
3311 	    /* We only try the first entry in 'directory', without checking if
3312 	     * it's writable.  If the "." directory is not writable the write
3313 	     * will probably fail anyway.
3314 	     * Use 'shortname' of the current buffer, since there is no buffer
3315 	     * for the written file. */
3316 	    if (*p_dir == NUL)
3317 	    {
3318 		dir = alloc(5);
3319 		if (dir == NULL)
3320 		    return FAIL;
3321 		STRCPY(dir, ".");
3322 	    }
3323 	    else
3324 	    {
3325 		dir = alloc(MAXPATHL);
3326 		if (dir == NULL)
3327 		    return FAIL;
3328 		p = p_dir;
3329 		copy_option_part(&p, dir, MAXPATHL, ",");
3330 	    }
3331 	    swapname = makeswapname(fname, ffname, curbuf, dir);
3332 	    vim_free(dir);
3333 	    r = vim_fexists(swapname);
3334 	    if (r)
3335 	    {
3336 #if defined(FEAT_GUI_DIALOG) || defined(FEAT_CON_DIALOG)
3337 		if (p_confirm || cmdmod.confirm)
3338 		{
3339 		    char_u	buff[DIALOG_MSG_SIZE];
3340 
3341 		    dialog_msg(buff,
3342 			    _("Swap file \"%s\" exists, overwrite anyway?"),
3343 								    swapname);
3344 		    if (vim_dialog_yesno(VIM_QUESTION, NULL, buff, 2)
3345 								   != VIM_YES)
3346 		    {
3347 			vim_free(swapname);
3348 			return FAIL;
3349 		    }
3350 		    eap->forceit = TRUE;
3351 		}
3352 		else
3353 #endif
3354 		{
3355 		    EMSG2(_("E768: Swap file exists: %s (:silent! overrides)"),
3356 								    swapname);
3357 		    vim_free(swapname);
3358 		    return FAIL;
3359 		}
3360 	    }
3361 	    vim_free(swapname);
3362 	}
3363     }
3364     return OK;
3365 }
3366 
3367 /*
3368  * Handle ":wnext", ":wNext" and ":wprevious" commands.
3369  */
3370     void
3371 ex_wnext(exarg_T *eap)
3372 {
3373     int		i;
3374 
3375     if (eap->cmd[1] == 'n')
3376 	i = curwin->w_arg_idx + (int)eap->line2;
3377     else
3378 	i = curwin->w_arg_idx - (int)eap->line2;
3379     eap->line1 = 1;
3380     eap->line2 = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
3381     if (do_write(eap) != FAIL)
3382 	do_argfile(eap, i);
3383 }
3384 
3385 /*
3386  * ":wall", ":wqall" and ":xall": Write all changed files (and exit).
3387  */
3388     void
3389 do_wqall(exarg_T *eap)
3390 {
3391     buf_T	*buf;
3392     int		error = 0;
3393     int		save_forceit = eap->forceit;
3394 
3395     if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_xall || eap->cmdidx == CMD_wqall)
3396 	exiting = TRUE;
3397 
3398     FOR_ALL_BUFFERS(buf)
3399     {
3400 	if (bufIsChanged(buf))
3401 	{
3402 	    /*
3403 	     * Check if there is a reason the buffer cannot be written:
3404 	     * 1. if the 'write' option is set
3405 	     * 2. if there is no file name (even after browsing)
3406 	     * 3. if the 'readonly' is set (even after a dialog)
3407 	     * 4. if overwriting is allowed (even after a dialog)
3408 	     */
3409 	    if (not_writing())
3410 	    {
3411 		++error;
3412 		break;
3413 	    }
3414 #ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
3415 	    /* ":browse wall": ask for file name if there isn't one */
3416 	    if (buf->b_ffname == NULL && cmdmod.browse)
3417 		browse_save_fname(buf);
3418 #endif
3419 	    if (buf->b_ffname == NULL)
3420 	    {
3421 		EMSGN(_("E141: No file name for buffer %ld"), (long)buf->b_fnum);
3422 		++error;
3423 	    }
3424 	    else if (check_readonly(&eap->forceit, buf)
3425 		    || check_overwrite(eap, buf, buf->b_fname, buf->b_ffname,
3426 							       FALSE) == FAIL)
3427 	    {
3428 		++error;
3429 	    }
3430 	    else
3431 	    {
3432 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3433 		bufref_T bufref;
3434 
3435 		set_bufref(&bufref, buf);
3436 #endif
3437 		if (buf_write_all(buf, eap->forceit) == FAIL)
3438 		    ++error;
3439 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3440 		/* an autocommand may have deleted the buffer */
3441 		if (!bufref_valid(&bufref))
3442 		    buf = firstbuf;
3443 #endif
3444 	    }
3445 	    eap->forceit = save_forceit;    /* check_overwrite() may set it */
3446 	}
3447     }
3448     if (exiting)
3449     {
3450 	if (!error)
3451 	    getout(0);		/* exit Vim */
3452 	not_exiting();
3453     }
3454 }
3455 
3456 /*
3457  * Check the 'write' option.
3458  * Return TRUE and give a message when it's not st.
3459  */
3460     int
3461 not_writing(void)
3462 {
3463     if (p_write)
3464 	return FALSE;
3465     EMSG(_("E142: File not written: Writing is disabled by 'write' option"));
3466     return TRUE;
3467 }
3468 
3469 /*
3470  * Check if a buffer is read-only (either 'readonly' option is set or file is
3471  * read-only). Ask for overruling in a dialog. Return TRUE and give an error
3472  * message when the buffer is readonly.
3473  */
3474     static int
3475 check_readonly(int *forceit, buf_T *buf)
3476 {
3477     stat_T	st;
3478 
3479     /* Handle a file being readonly when the 'readonly' option is set or when
3480      * the file exists and permissions are read-only.
3481      * We will send 0777 to check_file_readonly(), as the "perm" variable is
3482      * important for device checks but not here. */
3483     if (!*forceit && (buf->b_p_ro
3484 		|| (mch_stat((char *)buf->b_ffname, &st) >= 0
3485 		    && check_file_readonly(buf->b_ffname, 0777))))
3486     {
3487 #if defined(FEAT_GUI_DIALOG) || defined(FEAT_CON_DIALOG)
3488 	if ((p_confirm || cmdmod.confirm) && buf->b_fname != NULL)
3489 	{
3490 	    char_u	buff[DIALOG_MSG_SIZE];
3491 
3492 	    if (buf->b_p_ro)
3493 		dialog_msg(buff, _("'readonly' option is set for \"%s\".\nDo you wish to write anyway?"),
3494 		    buf->b_fname);
3495 	    else
3496 		dialog_msg(buff, _("File permissions of \"%s\" are read-only.\nIt may still be possible to write it.\nDo you wish to try?"),
3497 		    buf->b_fname);
3498 
3499 	    if (vim_dialog_yesno(VIM_QUESTION, NULL, buff, 2) == VIM_YES)
3500 	    {
3501 		/* Set forceit, to force the writing of a readonly file */
3502 		*forceit = TRUE;
3503 		return FALSE;
3504 	    }
3505 	    else
3506 		return TRUE;
3507 	}
3508 	else
3509 #endif
3510 	if (buf->b_p_ro)
3511 	    EMSG(_(e_readonly));
3512 	else
3513 	    EMSG2(_("E505: \"%s\" is read-only (add ! to override)"),
3514 		    buf->b_fname);
3515 	return TRUE;
3516     }
3517 
3518     return FALSE;
3519 }
3520 
3521 /*
3522  * Try to abandon current file and edit a new or existing file.
3523  * "fnum" is the number of the file, if zero use ffname/sfname.
3524  * "lnum" is the line number for the cursor in the new file (if non-zero).
3525  *
3526  * Return:
3527  * GETFILE_ERROR for "normal" error,
3528  * GETFILE_NOT_WRITTEN for "not written" error,
3529  * GETFILE_SAME_FILE for success
3530  * GETFILE_OPEN_OTHER for successfully opening another file.
3531  */
3532     int
3533 getfile(
3534     int		fnum,
3535     char_u	*ffname,
3536     char_u	*sfname,
3537     int		setpm,
3538     linenr_T	lnum,
3539     int		forceit)
3540 {
3541     int		other;
3542     int		retval;
3543     char_u	*free_me = NULL;
3544 
3545     if (text_locked())
3546 	return GETFILE_ERROR;
3547 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3548     if (curbuf_locked())
3549 	return GETFILE_ERROR;
3550 #endif
3551 
3552     if (fnum == 0)
3553     {
3554 					/* make ffname full path, set sfname */
3555 	fname_expand(curbuf, &ffname, &sfname);
3556 	other = otherfile(ffname);
3557 	free_me = ffname;		/* has been allocated, free() later */
3558     }
3559     else
3560 	other = (fnum != curbuf->b_fnum);
3561 
3562     if (other)
3563 	++no_wait_return;	    /* don't wait for autowrite message */
3564     if (other && !forceit && curbuf->b_nwindows == 1 && !buf_hide(curbuf)
3565 		   && curbufIsChanged() && autowrite(curbuf, forceit) == FAIL)
3566     {
3567 #if defined(FEAT_GUI_DIALOG) || defined(FEAT_CON_DIALOG)
3568 	if (p_confirm && p_write)
3569 	    dialog_changed(curbuf, FALSE);
3570 	if (curbufIsChanged())
3571 #endif
3572 	{
3573 	    if (other)
3574 		--no_wait_return;
3575 	    EMSG(_(e_nowrtmsg));
3576 	    retval = GETFILE_NOT_WRITTEN;	/* file has been changed */
3577 	    goto theend;
3578 	}
3579     }
3580     if (other)
3581 	--no_wait_return;
3582     if (setpm)
3583 	setpcmark();
3584     if (!other)
3585     {
3586 	if (lnum != 0)
3587 	    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
3588 	check_cursor_lnum();
3589 	beginline(BL_SOL | BL_FIX);
3590 	retval = GETFILE_SAME_FILE;	/* it's in the same file */
3591     }
3592     else if (do_ecmd(fnum, ffname, sfname, NULL, lnum,
3593 	     (buf_hide(curbuf) ? ECMD_HIDE : 0) + (forceit ? ECMD_FORCEIT : 0),
3594 		curwin) == OK)
3595 	retval = GETFILE_OPEN_OTHER;	/* opened another file */
3596     else
3597 	retval = GETFILE_ERROR;		/* error encountered */
3598 
3599 theend:
3600     vim_free(free_me);
3601     return retval;
3602 }
3603 
3604 /*
3605  * start editing a new file
3606  *
3607  *     fnum: file number; if zero use ffname/sfname
3608  *   ffname: the file name
3609  *		- full path if sfname used,
3610  *		- any file name if sfname is NULL
3611  *		- empty string to re-edit with the same file name (but may be
3612  *		    in a different directory)
3613  *		- NULL to start an empty buffer
3614  *   sfname: the short file name (or NULL)
3615  *	eap: contains the command to be executed after loading the file and
3616  *	     forced 'ff' and 'fenc'
3617  *  newlnum: if > 0: put cursor on this line number (if possible)
3618  *	     if ECMD_LASTL: use last position in loaded file
3619  *	     if ECMD_LAST: use last position in all files
3620  *	     if ECMD_ONE: use first line
3621  *    flags:
3622  *	   ECMD_HIDE: if TRUE don't free the current buffer
3623  *     ECMD_SET_HELP: set b_help flag of (new) buffer before opening file
3624  *	 ECMD_OLDBUF: use existing buffer if it exists
3625  *	ECMD_FORCEIT: ! used for Ex command
3626  *	 ECMD_ADDBUF: don't edit, just add to buffer list
3627  *   oldwin: Should be "curwin" when editing a new buffer in the current
3628  *	     window, NULL when splitting the window first.  When not NULL info
3629  *	     of the previous buffer for "oldwin" is stored.
3630  *
3631  * return FAIL for failure, OK otherwise
3632  */
3633     int
3634 do_ecmd(
3635     int		fnum,
3636     char_u	*ffname,
3637     char_u	*sfname,
3638     exarg_T	*eap,			/* can be NULL! */
3639     linenr_T	newlnum,
3640     int		flags,
3641     win_T	*oldwin)
3642 {
3643     int		other_file;		/* TRUE if editing another file */
3644     int		oldbuf;			/* TRUE if using existing buffer */
3645 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3646     int		auto_buf = FALSE;	/* TRUE if autocommands brought us
3647 					   into the buffer unexpectedly */
3648     char_u	*new_name = NULL;
3649     int		did_set_swapcommand = FALSE;
3650 #endif
3651     buf_T	*buf;
3652     bufref_T	bufref;
3653 #if defined(FEAT_AUTOCMD) || defined(FEAT_GUI_DIALOG) || defined(FEAT_CON_DIALOG)
3654     bufref_T	old_curbuf;
3655 #endif
3656     char_u	*free_fname = NULL;
3657 #ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
3658     char_u	*browse_file = NULL;
3659 #endif
3660     int		retval = FAIL;
3661     long	n;
3662     pos_T	orig_pos;
3663     linenr_T	topline = 0;
3664     int		newcol = -1;
3665     int		solcol = -1;
3666     pos_T	*pos;
3667 #ifdef FEAT_SUN_WORKSHOP
3668     char_u	*cp;
3669 #endif
3670     char_u	*command = NULL;
3671 #ifdef FEAT_SPELL
3672     int		did_get_winopts = FALSE;
3673 #endif
3674     int		readfile_flags = 0;
3675     int		did_inc_redrawing_disabled = FALSE;
3676 
3677     if (eap != NULL)
3678 	command = eap->do_ecmd_cmd;
3679 #if defined(FEAT_AUTOCMD) || defined(FEAT_GUI_DIALOG) || defined(FEAT_CON_DIALOG)
3680     set_bufref(&old_curbuf, curbuf);
3681 #endif
3682 
3683     if (fnum != 0)
3684     {
3685 	if (fnum == curbuf->b_fnum)	/* file is already being edited */
3686 	    return OK;			/* nothing to do */
3687 	other_file = TRUE;
3688     }
3689     else
3690     {
3691 #ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
3692 	if (cmdmod.browse)
3693 	{
3694 # ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3695 	    if (
3696 #  ifdef FEAT_GUI
3697 		!gui.in_use &&
3698 #  endif
3699 		    au_has_group((char_u *)"FileExplorer"))
3700 	    {
3701 		/* No browsing supported but we do have the file explorer:
3702 		 * Edit the directory. */
3703 		if (ffname == NULL || !mch_isdir(ffname))
3704 		    ffname = (char_u *)".";
3705 	    }
3706 	    else
3707 # endif
3708 	    {
3709 		browse_file = do_browse(0, (char_u *)_("Edit File"), ffname,
3710 						    NULL, NULL, NULL, curbuf);
3711 		if (browse_file == NULL)
3712 		    goto theend;
3713 		ffname = browse_file;
3714 	    }
3715 	}
3716 #endif
3717 	/* if no short name given, use ffname for short name */
3718 	if (sfname == NULL)
3719 	    sfname = ffname;
3720 #ifdef USE_FNAME_CASE
3721 # ifdef USE_LONG_FNAME
3722 	if (USE_LONG_FNAME)
3723 # endif
3724 	    if (sfname != NULL)
3725 		fname_case(sfname, 0);   /* set correct case for sfname */
3726 #endif
3727 
3728 #ifdef FEAT_LISTCMDS
3729 	if ((flags & ECMD_ADDBUF) && (ffname == NULL || *ffname == NUL))
3730 	    goto theend;
3731 #endif
3732 
3733 	if (ffname == NULL)
3734 	    other_file = TRUE;
3735 					    /* there is no file name */
3736 	else if (*ffname == NUL && curbuf->b_ffname == NULL)
3737 	    other_file = FALSE;
3738 	else
3739 	{
3740 	    if (*ffname == NUL)		    /* re-edit with same file name */
3741 	    {
3742 		ffname = curbuf->b_ffname;
3743 		sfname = curbuf->b_fname;
3744 	    }
3745 	    free_fname = fix_fname(ffname); /* may expand to full path name */
3746 	    if (free_fname != NULL)
3747 		ffname = free_fname;
3748 	    other_file = otherfile(ffname);
3749 #ifdef FEAT_SUN_WORKSHOP
3750 	    if (usingSunWorkShop && p_acd
3751 				   && (cp = vim_strrchr(sfname, '/')) != NULL)
3752 		sfname = ++cp;
3753 #endif
3754 	}
3755     }
3756 
3757     /*
3758      * if the file was changed we may not be allowed to abandon it
3759      * - if we are going to re-edit the same file
3760      * - or if we are the only window on this file and if ECMD_HIDE is FALSE
3761      */
3762     if (  ((!other_file && !(flags & ECMD_OLDBUF))
3763 	    || (curbuf->b_nwindows == 1
3764 		&& !(flags & (ECMD_HIDE | ECMD_ADDBUF))))
3765 	&& check_changed(curbuf, (p_awa ? CCGD_AW : 0)
3766 			       | (other_file ? 0 : CCGD_MULTWIN)
3767 			       | ((flags & ECMD_FORCEIT) ? CCGD_FORCEIT : 0)
3768 			       | (eap == NULL ? 0 : CCGD_EXCMD)))
3769     {
3770 	if (fnum == 0 && other_file && ffname != NULL)
3771 	    (void)setaltfname(ffname, sfname, newlnum < 0 ? 0 : newlnum);
3772 	goto theend;
3773     }
3774 
3775     /*
3776      * End Visual mode before switching to another buffer, so the text can be
3777      * copied into the GUI selection buffer.
3778      */
3779     reset_VIsual();
3780 
3781 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3782     if ((command != NULL || newlnum > (linenr_T)0)
3783 	    && *get_vim_var_str(VV_SWAPCOMMAND) == NUL)
3784     {
3785 	int	len;
3786 	char_u	*p;
3787 
3788 	/* Set v:swapcommand for the SwapExists autocommands. */
3789 	if (command != NULL)
3790 	    len = (int)STRLEN(command) + 3;
3791 	else
3792 	    len = 30;
3793 	p = alloc((unsigned)len);
3794 	if (p != NULL)
3795 	{
3796 	    if (command != NULL)
3797 		vim_snprintf((char *)p, len, ":%s\r", command);
3798 	    else
3799 		vim_snprintf((char *)p, len, "%ldG", (long)newlnum);
3800 	    set_vim_var_string(VV_SWAPCOMMAND, p, -1);
3801 	    did_set_swapcommand = TRUE;
3802 	    vim_free(p);
3803 	}
3804     }
3805 #endif
3806 
3807     /*
3808      * If we are starting to edit another file, open a (new) buffer.
3809      * Otherwise we re-use the current buffer.
3810      */
3811     if (other_file)
3812     {
3813 #ifdef FEAT_LISTCMDS
3814 	if (!(flags & ECMD_ADDBUF))
3815 #endif
3816 	{
3817 	    if (!cmdmod.keepalt)
3818 		curwin->w_alt_fnum = curbuf->b_fnum;
3819 	    if (oldwin != NULL)
3820 		buflist_altfpos(oldwin);
3821 	}
3822 
3823 	if (fnum)
3824 	    buf = buflist_findnr(fnum);
3825 	else
3826 	{
3827 #ifdef FEAT_LISTCMDS
3828 	    if (flags & ECMD_ADDBUF)
3829 	    {
3830 		linenr_T	tlnum = 1L;
3831 
3832 		if (command != NULL)
3833 		{
3834 		    tlnum = atol((char *)command);
3835 		    if (tlnum <= 0)
3836 			tlnum = 1L;
3837 		}
3838 		(void)buflist_new(ffname, sfname, tlnum, BLN_LISTED);
3839 		goto theend;
3840 	    }
3841 #endif
3842 	    buf = buflist_new(ffname, sfname, 0L,
3843 		    BLN_CURBUF | ((flags & ECMD_SET_HELP) ? 0 : BLN_LISTED));
3844 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3845 	    /* autocommands may change curwin and curbuf */
3846 	    if (oldwin != NULL)
3847 		oldwin = curwin;
3848 	    set_bufref(&old_curbuf, curbuf);
3849 #endif
3850 	}
3851 	if (buf == NULL)
3852 	    goto theend;
3853 	if (buf->b_ml.ml_mfp == NULL)		/* no memfile yet */
3854 	{
3855 	    oldbuf = FALSE;
3856 	}
3857 	else					/* existing memfile */
3858 	{
3859 	    oldbuf = TRUE;
3860 	    set_bufref(&bufref, buf);
3861 	    (void)buf_check_timestamp(buf, FALSE);
3862 	    /* Check if autocommands made the buffer invalid or changed the
3863 	     * current buffer. */
3864 	    if (!bufref_valid(&bufref)
3865 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3866 		    || curbuf != old_curbuf.br_buf
3867 #endif
3868 		    )
3869 		goto theend;
3870 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
3871 	    if (aborting())	    /* autocmds may abort script processing */
3872 		goto theend;
3873 #endif
3874 	}
3875 
3876 	/* May jump to last used line number for a loaded buffer or when asked
3877 	 * for explicitly */
3878 	if ((oldbuf && newlnum == ECMD_LASTL) || newlnum == ECMD_LAST)
3879 	{
3880 	    pos = buflist_findfpos(buf);
3881 	    newlnum = pos->lnum;
3882 	    solcol = pos->col;
3883 	}
3884 
3885 	/*
3886 	 * Make the (new) buffer the one used by the current window.
3887 	 * If the old buffer becomes unused, free it if ECMD_HIDE is FALSE.
3888 	 * If the current buffer was empty and has no file name, curbuf
3889 	 * is returned by buflist_new(), nothing to do here.
3890 	 */
3891 	if (buf != curbuf)
3892 	{
3893 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3894 	    /*
3895 	     * Be careful: The autocommands may delete any buffer and change
3896 	     * the current buffer.
3897 	     * - If the buffer we are going to edit is deleted, give up.
3898 	     * - If the current buffer is deleted, prefer to load the new
3899 	     *   buffer when loading a buffer is required.  This avoids
3900 	     *   loading another buffer which then must be closed again.
3901 	     * - If we ended up in the new buffer already, need to skip a few
3902 	     *	 things, set auto_buf.
3903 	     */
3904 	    if (buf->b_fname != NULL)
3905 		new_name = vim_strsave(buf->b_fname);
3906 	    set_bufref(&au_new_curbuf, buf);
3907 	    apply_autocmds(EVENT_BUFLEAVE, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
3908 	    if (!bufref_valid(&au_new_curbuf))
3909 	    {
3910 		/* new buffer has been deleted */
3911 		delbuf_msg(new_name);	/* frees new_name */
3912 		goto theend;
3913 	    }
3914 # ifdef FEAT_EVAL
3915 	    if (aborting())	    /* autocmds may abort script processing */
3916 	    {
3917 		vim_free(new_name);
3918 		goto theend;
3919 	    }
3920 # endif
3921 	    if (buf == curbuf)		/* already in new buffer */
3922 		auto_buf = TRUE;
3923 	    else
3924 	    {
3925 		win_T	    *the_curwin = curwin;
3926 
3927 		/* Set the w_closing flag to avoid that autocommands close the
3928 		 * window.  And set b_locked for the same reason. */
3929 		the_curwin->w_closing = TRUE;
3930 		++buf->b_locked;
3931 
3932 		if (curbuf == old_curbuf.br_buf)
3933 #endif
3934 		    buf_copy_options(buf, BCO_ENTER);
3935 
3936 		/* Close the link to the current buffer. This will set
3937 		 * oldwin->w_buffer to NULL. */
3938 		u_sync(FALSE);
3939 		close_buffer(oldwin, curbuf,
3940 			       (flags & ECMD_HIDE) ? 0 : DOBUF_UNLOAD, FALSE);
3941 
3942 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3943 		the_curwin->w_closing = FALSE;
3944 		--buf->b_locked;
3945 
3946 # ifdef FEAT_EVAL
3947 		/* autocmds may abort script processing */
3948 		if (aborting() && curwin->w_buffer != NULL)
3949 		{
3950 		    vim_free(new_name);
3951 		    goto theend;
3952 		}
3953 # endif
3954 		/* Be careful again, like above. */
3955 		if (!bufref_valid(&au_new_curbuf))
3956 		{
3957 		    /* new buffer has been deleted */
3958 		    delbuf_msg(new_name);	/* frees new_name */
3959 		    goto theend;
3960 		}
3961 		if (buf == curbuf)		/* already in new buffer */
3962 		    auto_buf = TRUE;
3963 		else
3964 #endif
3965 		{
3966 #ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
3967 		    /*
3968 		     * <VN> We could instead free the synblock
3969 		     * and re-attach to buffer, perhaps.
3970 		     */
3971 		    if (curwin->w_buffer == NULL
3972 			    || curwin->w_s == &(curwin->w_buffer->b_s))
3973 			curwin->w_s = &(buf->b_s);
3974 #endif
3975 		    curwin->w_buffer = buf;
3976 		    curbuf = buf;
3977 		    ++curbuf->b_nwindows;
3978 
3979 		    /* Set 'fileformat', 'binary' and 'fenc' when forced. */
3980 		    if (!oldbuf && eap != NULL)
3981 		    {
3982 			set_file_options(TRUE, eap);
3983 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
3984 			set_forced_fenc(eap);
3985 #endif
3986 		    }
3987 		}
3988 
3989 		/* May get the window options from the last time this buffer
3990 		 * was in this window (or another window).  If not used
3991 		 * before, reset the local window options to the global
3992 		 * values.  Also restores old folding stuff. */
3993 		get_winopts(curbuf);
3994 #ifdef FEAT_SPELL
3995 		did_get_winopts = TRUE;
3996 #endif
3997 
3998 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
3999 	    }
4000 	    vim_free(new_name);
4001 	    au_new_curbuf.br_buf = NULL;
4002 	    au_new_curbuf.br_buf_free_count = 0;
4003 #endif
4004 	}
4005 
4006 	curwin->w_pcmark.lnum = 1;
4007 	curwin->w_pcmark.col = 0;
4008     }
4009     else /* !other_file */
4010     {
4011 	if (
4012 #ifdef FEAT_LISTCMDS
4013 		(flags & ECMD_ADDBUF) ||
4014 #endif
4015 		check_fname() == FAIL)
4016 	    goto theend;
4017 
4018 	oldbuf = (flags & ECMD_OLDBUF);
4019     }
4020 
4021     /* Don't redraw until the cursor is in the right line, otherwise
4022      * autocommands may cause ml_get errors. */
4023     ++RedrawingDisabled;
4024     did_inc_redrawing_disabled = TRUE;
4025 
4026 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
4027     buf = curbuf;
4028 #endif
4029     if ((flags & ECMD_SET_HELP) || keep_help_flag)
4030     {
4031 	prepare_help_buffer();
4032     }
4033     else
4034     {
4035 	/* Don't make a buffer listed if it's a help buffer.  Useful when
4036 	 * using CTRL-O to go back to a help file. */
4037 	if (!curbuf->b_help)
4038 	    set_buflisted(TRUE);
4039     }
4040 
4041 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
4042     /* If autocommands change buffers under our fingers, forget about
4043      * editing the file. */
4044     if (buf != curbuf)
4045 	goto theend;
4046 # ifdef FEAT_EVAL
4047     if (aborting())	    /* autocmds may abort script processing */
4048 	goto theend;
4049 # endif
4050 
4051     /* Since we are starting to edit a file, consider the filetype to be
4052      * unset.  Helps for when an autocommand changes files and expects syntax
4053      * highlighting to work in the other file. */
4054     did_filetype = FALSE;
4055 #endif
4056 
4057 /*
4058  * other_file	oldbuf
4059  *  FALSE	FALSE	    re-edit same file, buffer is re-used
4060  *  FALSE	TRUE	    re-edit same file, nothing changes
4061  *  TRUE	FALSE	    start editing new file, new buffer
4062  *  TRUE	TRUE	    start editing in existing buffer (nothing to do)
4063  */
4064     if (!other_file && !oldbuf)		/* re-use the buffer */
4065     {
4066 	set_last_cursor(curwin);	/* may set b_last_cursor */
4067 	if (newlnum == ECMD_LAST || newlnum == ECMD_LASTL)
4068 	{
4069 	    newlnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
4070 	    solcol = curwin->w_cursor.col;
4071 	}
4072 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
4073 	buf = curbuf;
4074 	if (buf->b_fname != NULL)
4075 	    new_name = vim_strsave(buf->b_fname);
4076 	else
4077 	    new_name = NULL;
4078 	set_bufref(&bufref, buf);
4079 #endif
4080 	if (p_ur < 0 || curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count <= p_ur)
4081 	{
4082 	    /* Save all the text, so that the reload can be undone.
4083 	     * Sync first so that this is a separate undo-able action. */
4084 	    u_sync(FALSE);
4085 	    if (u_savecommon(0, curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count + 1, 0, TRUE)
4086 								     == FAIL)
4087 	    {
4088 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
4089 		vim_free(new_name);
4090 #endif
4091 		goto theend;
4092 	    }
4093 	    u_unchanged(curbuf);
4094 	    buf_freeall(curbuf, BFA_KEEP_UNDO);
4095 
4096 	    /* tell readfile() not to clear or reload undo info */
4097 	    readfile_flags = READ_KEEP_UNDO;
4098 	}
4099 	else
4100 	    buf_freeall(curbuf, 0);   /* free all things for buffer */
4101 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
4102 	/* If autocommands deleted the buffer we were going to re-edit, give
4103 	 * up and jump to the end. */
4104 	if (!bufref_valid(&bufref))
4105 	{
4106 	    delbuf_msg(new_name);	/* frees new_name */
4107 	    goto theend;
4108 	}
4109 	vim_free(new_name);
4110 
4111 	/* If autocommands change buffers under our fingers, forget about
4112 	 * re-editing the file.  Should do the buf_clear_file(), but perhaps
4113 	 * the autocommands changed the buffer... */
4114 	if (buf != curbuf)
4115 	    goto theend;
4116 # ifdef FEAT_EVAL
4117 	if (aborting())	    /* autocmds may abort script processing */
4118 	    goto theend;
4119 # endif
4120 #endif
4121 	buf_clear_file(curbuf);
4122 	curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = 0;	/* clear '[ and '] marks */
4123 	curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = 0;
4124     }
4125 
4126 /*
4127  * If we get here we are sure to start editing
4128  */
4129     /* Assume success now */
4130     retval = OK;
4131 
4132     /*
4133      * Check if we are editing the w_arg_idx file in the argument list.
4134      */
4135     check_arg_idx(curwin);
4136 
4137 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
4138     if (!auto_buf)
4139 #endif
4140     {
4141 	/*
4142 	 * Set cursor and init window before reading the file and executing
4143 	 * autocommands.  This allows for the autocommands to position the
4144 	 * cursor.
4145 	 */
4146 	curwin_init();
4147 
4148 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
4149 	/* It's possible that all lines in the buffer changed.  Need to update
4150 	 * automatic folding for all windows where it's used. */
4151 # ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
4152 	{
4153 	    win_T	    *win;
4154 	    tabpage_T	    *tp;
4155 
4156 	    FOR_ALL_TAB_WINDOWS(tp, win)
4157 		if (win->w_buffer == curbuf)
4158 		    foldUpdateAll(win);
4159 	}
4160 # else
4161 	foldUpdateAll(curwin);
4162 # endif
4163 #endif
4164 
4165 	/* Change directories when the 'acd' option is set. */
4166 	DO_AUTOCHDIR
4167 
4168 	/*
4169 	 * Careful: open_buffer() and apply_autocmds() may change the current
4170 	 * buffer and window.
4171 	 */
4172 	orig_pos = curwin->w_cursor;
4173 	topline = curwin->w_topline;
4174 	if (!oldbuf)			    /* need to read the file */
4175 	{
4176 #if defined(HAS_SWAP_EXISTS_ACTION)
4177 	    swap_exists_action = SEA_DIALOG;
4178 #endif
4179 	    curbuf->b_flags |= BF_CHECK_RO; /* set/reset 'ro' flag */
4180 
4181 	    /*
4182 	     * Open the buffer and read the file.
4183 	     */
4184 #if defined(FEAT_AUTOCMD) && defined(FEAT_EVAL)
4185 	    if (should_abort(open_buffer(FALSE, eap, readfile_flags)))
4186 		retval = FAIL;
4187 #else
4188 	    (void)open_buffer(FALSE, eap, readfile_flags);
4189 #endif
4190 
4191 #if defined(HAS_SWAP_EXISTS_ACTION)
4192 	    if (swap_exists_action == SEA_QUIT)
4193 		retval = FAIL;
4194 	    handle_swap_exists(&old_curbuf);
4195 #endif
4196 	}
4197 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
4198 	else
4199 	{
4200 	    /* Read the modelines, but only to set window-local options.  Any
4201 	     * buffer-local options have already been set and may have been
4202 	     * changed by the user. */
4203 	    do_modelines(OPT_WINONLY);
4204 
4205 	    apply_autocmds_retval(EVENT_BUFENTER, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf,
4206 								    &retval);
4207 	    apply_autocmds_retval(EVENT_BUFWINENTER, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf,
4208 								    &retval);
4209 	}
4210 	check_arg_idx(curwin);
4211 #endif
4212 
4213 	/* If autocommands change the cursor position or topline, we should
4214 	 * keep it.  Also when it moves within a line. */
4215 	if (!EQUAL_POS(curwin->w_cursor, orig_pos))
4216 	{
4217 	    newlnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
4218 	    newcol = curwin->w_cursor.col;
4219 	}
4220 	if (curwin->w_topline == topline)
4221 	    topline = 0;
4222 
4223 	/* Even when cursor didn't move we need to recompute topline. */
4224 	changed_line_abv_curs();
4225 
4226 #ifdef FEAT_TITLE
4227 	maketitle();
4228 #endif
4229     }
4230 
4231 #ifdef FEAT_DIFF
4232     /* Tell the diff stuff that this buffer is new and/or needs updating.
4233      * Also needed when re-editing the same buffer, because unloading will
4234      * have removed it as a diff buffer. */
4235     if (curwin->w_p_diff)
4236     {
4237 	diff_buf_add(curbuf);
4238 	diff_invalidate(curbuf);
4239     }
4240 #endif
4241 
4242 #ifdef FEAT_SPELL
4243     /* If the window options were changed may need to set the spell language.
4244      * Can only do this after the buffer has been properly setup. */
4245     if (did_get_winopts && curwin->w_p_spell && *curwin->w_s->b_p_spl != NUL)
4246 	(void)did_set_spelllang(curwin);
4247 #endif
4248 
4249     if (command == NULL)
4250     {
4251 	if (newcol >= 0)	/* position set by autocommands */
4252 	{
4253 	    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = newlnum;
4254 	    curwin->w_cursor.col = newcol;
4255 	    check_cursor();
4256 	}
4257 	else if (newlnum > 0)	/* line number from caller or old position */
4258 	{
4259 	    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = newlnum;
4260 	    check_cursor_lnum();
4261 	    if (solcol >= 0 && !p_sol)
4262 	    {
4263 		/* 'sol' is off: Use last known column. */
4264 		curwin->w_cursor.col = solcol;
4265 		check_cursor_col();
4266 #ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
4267 		curwin->w_cursor.coladd = 0;
4268 #endif
4269 		curwin->w_set_curswant = TRUE;
4270 	    }
4271 	    else
4272 		beginline(BL_SOL | BL_FIX);
4273 	}
4274 	else			/* no line number, go to last line in Ex mode */
4275 	{
4276 	    if (exmode_active)
4277 		curwin->w_cursor.lnum = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
4278 	    beginline(BL_WHITE | BL_FIX);
4279 	}
4280     }
4281 
4282 #ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
4283     /* Check if cursors in other windows on the same buffer are still valid */
4284     check_lnums(FALSE);
4285 #endif
4286 
4287     /*
4288      * Did not read the file, need to show some info about the file.
4289      * Do this after setting the cursor.
4290      */
4291     if (oldbuf
4292 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
4293 		&& !auto_buf
4294 #endif
4295 			    )
4296     {
4297 	int	msg_scroll_save = msg_scroll;
4298 
4299 	/* Obey the 'O' flag in 'cpoptions': overwrite any previous file
4300 	 * message. */
4301 	if (shortmess(SHM_OVERALL) && !exiting && p_verbose == 0)
4302 	    msg_scroll = FALSE;
4303 	if (!msg_scroll)	/* wait a bit when overwriting an error msg */
4304 	    check_for_delay(FALSE);
4305 	msg_start();
4306 	msg_scroll = msg_scroll_save;
4307 	msg_scrolled_ign = TRUE;
4308 
4309 	if (!shortmess(SHM_FILEINFO))
4310 	    fileinfo(FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4311 
4312 	msg_scrolled_ign = FALSE;
4313     }
4314 
4315 #ifdef FEAT_VIMINFO
4316     curbuf->b_last_used = vim_time();
4317 #endif
4318 
4319     if (command != NULL)
4320 	do_cmdline(command, NULL, NULL, DOCMD_VERBOSE);
4321 
4322 #ifdef FEAT_KEYMAP
4323     if (curbuf->b_kmap_state & KEYMAP_INIT)
4324 	(void)keymap_init();
4325 #endif
4326 
4327     --RedrawingDisabled;
4328     did_inc_redrawing_disabled = FALSE;
4329     if (!skip_redraw)
4330     {
4331 	n = p_so;
4332 	if (topline == 0 && command == NULL)
4333 	    p_so = 999;			/* force cursor halfway the window */
4334 	update_topline();
4335 #ifdef FEAT_SCROLLBIND
4336 	curwin->w_scbind_pos = curwin->w_topline;
4337 #endif
4338 	p_so = n;
4339 	redraw_curbuf_later(NOT_VALID);	/* redraw this buffer later */
4340     }
4341 
4342     if (p_im)
4343 	need_start_insertmode = TRUE;
4344 
4345     /* Change directories when the 'acd' option is set. */
4346     DO_AUTOCHDIR
4347 
4348 #if defined(FEAT_SUN_WORKSHOP) || defined(FEAT_NETBEANS_INTG)
4349     if (curbuf->b_ffname != NULL)
4350     {
4351 # ifdef FEAT_SUN_WORKSHOP
4352 	if (gui.in_use && usingSunWorkShop)
4353 	    workshop_file_opened((char *)curbuf->b_ffname, curbuf->b_p_ro);
4354 # endif
4355 # ifdef FEAT_NETBEANS_INTG
4356 	if ((flags & ECMD_SET_HELP) != ECMD_SET_HELP)
4357 	    netbeans_file_opened(curbuf);
4358 # endif
4359     }
4360 #endif
4361 
4362 theend:
4363     if (did_inc_redrawing_disabled)
4364 	--RedrawingDisabled;
4365 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
4366     if (did_set_swapcommand)
4367 	set_vim_var_string(VV_SWAPCOMMAND, NULL, -1);
4368 #endif
4369 #ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
4370     vim_free(browse_file);
4371 #endif
4372     vim_free(free_fname);
4373     return retval;
4374 }
4375 
4376 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
4377     static void
4378 delbuf_msg(char_u *name)
4379 {
4380     EMSG2(_("E143: Autocommands unexpectedly deleted new buffer %s"),
4381 	    name == NULL ? (char_u *)"" : name);
4382     vim_free(name);
4383     au_new_curbuf.br_buf = NULL;
4384     au_new_curbuf.br_buf_free_count = 0;
4385 }
4386 #endif
4387 
4388 static int append_indent = 0;	    /* autoindent for first line */
4389 
4390 /*
4391  * ":insert" and ":append", also used by ":change"
4392  */
4393     void
4394 ex_append(exarg_T *eap)
4395 {
4396     char_u	*theline;
4397     int		did_undo = FALSE;
4398     linenr_T	lnum = eap->line2;
4399     int		indent = 0;
4400     char_u	*p;
4401     int		vcol;
4402     int		empty = (curbuf->b_ml.ml_flags & ML_EMPTY);
4403 
4404     /* the ! flag toggles autoindent */
4405     if (eap->forceit)
4406 	curbuf->b_p_ai = !curbuf->b_p_ai;
4407 
4408     /* First autoindent comes from the line we start on */
4409     if (eap->cmdidx != CMD_change && curbuf->b_p_ai && lnum > 0)
4410 	append_indent = get_indent_lnum(lnum);
4411 
4412     if (eap->cmdidx != CMD_append)
4413 	--lnum;
4414 
4415     /* when the buffer is empty need to delete the dummy line */
4416     if (empty && lnum == 1)
4417 	lnum = 0;
4418 
4419     State = INSERT;		    /* behave like in Insert mode */
4420     if (curbuf->b_p_iminsert == B_IMODE_LMAP)
4421 	State |= LANGMAP;
4422 
4423     for (;;)
4424     {
4425 	msg_scroll = TRUE;
4426 	need_wait_return = FALSE;
4427 	if (curbuf->b_p_ai)
4428 	{
4429 	    if (append_indent >= 0)
4430 	    {
4431 		indent = append_indent;
4432 		append_indent = -1;
4433 	    }
4434 	    else if (lnum > 0)
4435 		indent = get_indent_lnum(lnum);
4436 	}
4437 	ex_keep_indent = FALSE;
4438 	if (eap->getline == NULL)
4439 	{
4440 	    /* No getline() function, use the lines that follow. This ends
4441 	     * when there is no more. */
4442 	    if (eap->nextcmd == NULL || *eap->nextcmd == NUL)
4443 		break;
4444 	    p = vim_strchr(eap->nextcmd, NL);
4445 	    if (p == NULL)
4446 		p = eap->nextcmd + STRLEN(eap->nextcmd);
4447 	    theline = vim_strnsave(eap->nextcmd, (int)(p - eap->nextcmd));
4448 	    if (*p != NUL)
4449 		++p;
4450 	    eap->nextcmd = p;
4451 	}
4452 	else
4453 	{
4454 	    int save_State = State;
4455 
4456 	    /* Set State to avoid the cursor shape to be set to INSERT mode
4457 	     * when getline() returns. */
4458 	    State = CMDLINE;
4459 	    theline = eap->getline(
4460 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
4461 		    eap->cstack->cs_looplevel > 0 ? -1 :
4462 #endif
4463 		    NUL, eap->cookie, indent);
4464 	    State = save_State;
4465 	}
4466 	lines_left = Rows - 1;
4467 	if (theline == NULL)
4468 	    break;
4469 
4470 	/* Using ^ CTRL-D in getexmodeline() makes us repeat the indent. */
4471 	if (ex_keep_indent)
4472 	    append_indent = indent;
4473 
4474 	/* Look for the "." after automatic indent. */
4475 	vcol = 0;
4476 	for (p = theline; indent > vcol; ++p)
4477 	{
4478 	    if (*p == ' ')
4479 		++vcol;
4480 	    else if (*p == TAB)
4481 		vcol += 8 - vcol % 8;
4482 	    else
4483 		break;
4484 	}
4485 	if ((p[0] == '.' && p[1] == NUL)
4486 		|| (!did_undo && u_save(lnum, lnum + 1 + (empty ? 1 : 0))
4487 								     == FAIL))
4488 	{
4489 	    vim_free(theline);
4490 	    break;
4491 	}
4492 
4493 	/* don't use autoindent if nothing was typed. */
4494 	if (p[0] == NUL)
4495 	    theline[0] = NUL;
4496 
4497 	did_undo = TRUE;
4498 	ml_append(lnum, theline, (colnr_T)0, FALSE);
4499 	appended_lines_mark(lnum + (empty ? 1 : 0), 1L);
4500 
4501 	vim_free(theline);
4502 	++lnum;
4503 
4504 	if (empty)
4505 	{
4506 	    ml_delete(2L, FALSE);
4507 	    empty = FALSE;
4508 	}
4509     }
4510     State = NORMAL;
4511 
4512     if (eap->forceit)
4513 	curbuf->b_p_ai = !curbuf->b_p_ai;
4514 
4515     /* "start" is set to eap->line2+1 unless that position is invalid (when
4516      * eap->line2 pointed to the end of the buffer and nothing was appended)
4517      * "end" is set to lnum when something has been appended, otherwise
4518      * it is the same than "start"  -- Acevedo */
4519     curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = (eap->line2 < curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) ?
4520 	eap->line2 + 1 : curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
4521     if (eap->cmdidx != CMD_append)
4522 	--curbuf->b_op_start.lnum;
4523     curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = (eap->line2 < lnum)
4524 					     ? lnum : curbuf->b_op_start.lnum;
4525     curbuf->b_op_start.col = curbuf->b_op_end.col = 0;
4526     curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
4527     check_cursor_lnum();
4528     beginline(BL_SOL | BL_FIX);
4529 
4530     need_wait_return = FALSE;	/* don't use wait_return() now */
4531     ex_no_reprint = TRUE;
4532 }
4533 
4534 /*
4535  * ":change"
4536  */
4537     void
4538 ex_change(exarg_T *eap)
4539 {
4540     linenr_T	lnum;
4541 
4542     if (eap->line2 >= eap->line1
4543 	    && u_save(eap->line1 - 1, eap->line2 + 1) == FAIL)
4544 	return;
4545 
4546     /* the ! flag toggles autoindent */
4547     if (eap->forceit ? !curbuf->b_p_ai : curbuf->b_p_ai)
4548 	append_indent = get_indent_lnum(eap->line1);
4549 
4550     for (lnum = eap->line2; lnum >= eap->line1; --lnum)
4551     {
4552 	if (curbuf->b_ml.ml_flags & ML_EMPTY)	    /* nothing to delete */
4553 	    break;
4554 	ml_delete(eap->line1, FALSE);
4555     }
4556 
4557     /* make sure the cursor is not beyond the end of the file now */
4558     check_cursor_lnum();
4559     deleted_lines_mark(eap->line1, (long)(eap->line2 - lnum));
4560 
4561     /* ":append" on the line above the deleted lines. */
4562     eap->line2 = eap->line1;
4563     ex_append(eap);
4564 }
4565 
4566     void
4567 ex_z(exarg_T *eap)
4568 {
4569     char_u	*x;
4570     long	bigness;
4571     char_u	*kind;
4572     int		minus = 0;
4573     linenr_T	start, end, curs, i;
4574     int		j;
4575     linenr_T	lnum = eap->line2;
4576 
4577     /* Vi compatible: ":z!" uses display height, without a count uses
4578      * 'scroll' */
4579     if (eap->forceit)
4580 	bigness = curwin->w_height;
4581 #ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
4582     else if (!ONE_WINDOW)
4583 	bigness = curwin->w_height - 3;
4584 #endif
4585     else
4586 	bigness = curwin->w_p_scr * 2;
4587     if (bigness < 1)
4588 	bigness = 1;
4589 
4590     x = eap->arg;
4591     kind = x;
4592     if (*kind == '-' || *kind == '+' || *kind == '='
4593 					      || *kind == '^' || *kind == '.')
4594 	++x;
4595     while (*x == '-' || *x == '+')
4596 	++x;
4597 
4598     if (*x != 0)
4599     {
4600 	if (!VIM_ISDIGIT(*x))
4601 	{
4602 	    EMSG(_("E144: non-numeric argument to :z"));
4603 	    return;
4604 	}
4605 	else
4606 	{
4607 	    bigness = atol((char *)x);
4608 
4609 	    /* bigness could be < 0 if atol(x) overflows. */
4610 	    if (bigness > 2 * curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count || bigness < 0)
4611 		bigness = 2 * curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
4612 
4613 	    p_window = bigness;
4614 	    if (*kind == '=')
4615 		bigness += 2;
4616 	}
4617     }
4618 
4619     /* the number of '-' and '+' multiplies the distance */
4620     if (*kind == '-' || *kind == '+')
4621 	for (x = kind + 1; *x == *kind; ++x)
4622 	    ;
4623 
4624     switch (*kind)
4625     {
4626 	case '-':
4627 	    start = lnum - bigness * (linenr_T)(x - kind) + 1;
4628 	    end = start + bigness - 1;
4629 	    curs = end;
4630 	    break;
4631 
4632 	case '=':
4633 	    start = lnum - (bigness + 1) / 2 + 1;
4634 	    end = lnum + (bigness + 1) / 2 - 1;
4635 	    curs = lnum;
4636 	    minus = 1;
4637 	    break;
4638 
4639 	case '^':
4640 	    start = lnum - bigness * 2;
4641 	    end = lnum - bigness;
4642 	    curs = lnum - bigness;
4643 	    break;
4644 
4645 	case '.':
4646 	    start = lnum - (bigness + 1) / 2 + 1;
4647 	    end = lnum + (bigness + 1) / 2 - 1;
4648 	    curs = end;
4649 	    break;
4650 
4651 	default:  /* '+' */
4652 	    start = lnum;
4653 	    if (*kind == '+')
4654 		start += bigness * (linenr_T)(x - kind - 1) + 1;
4655 	    else if (eap->addr_count == 0)
4656 		++start;
4657 	    end = start + bigness - 1;
4658 	    curs = end;
4659 	    break;
4660     }
4661 
4662     if (start < 1)
4663 	start = 1;
4664 
4665     if (end > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
4666 	end = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
4667 
4668     if (curs > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
4669 	curs = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
4670     else if (curs < 1)
4671 	curs = 1;
4672 
4673     for (i = start; i <= end; i++)
4674     {
4675 	if (minus && i == lnum)
4676 	{
4677 	    msg_putchar('\n');
4678 
4679 	    for (j = 1; j < Columns; j++)
4680 		msg_putchar('-');
4681 	}
4682 
4683 	print_line(i, eap->flags & EXFLAG_NR, eap->flags & EXFLAG_LIST);
4684 
4685 	if (minus && i == lnum)
4686 	{
4687 	    msg_putchar('\n');
4688 
4689 	    for (j = 1; j < Columns; j++)
4690 		msg_putchar('-');
4691 	}
4692     }
4693 
4694     if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum != curs)
4695     {
4696 	curwin->w_cursor.lnum = curs;
4697 	curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
4698     }
4699     ex_no_reprint = TRUE;
4700 }
4701 
4702 /*
4703  * Check if the restricted flag is set.
4704  * If so, give an error message and return TRUE.
4705  * Otherwise, return FALSE.
4706  */
4707     int
4708 check_restricted(void)
4709 {
4710     if (restricted)
4711     {
4712 	EMSG(_("E145: Shell commands not allowed in rvim"));
4713 	return TRUE;
4714     }
4715     return FALSE;
4716 }
4717 
4718 /*
4719  * Check if the secure flag is set (.exrc or .vimrc in current directory).
4720  * If so, give an error message and return TRUE.
4721  * Otherwise, return FALSE.
4722  */
4723     int
4724 check_secure(void)
4725 {
4726     if (secure)
4727     {
4728 	secure = 2;
4729 	EMSG(_(e_curdir));
4730 	return TRUE;
4731     }
4732 #ifdef HAVE_SANDBOX
4733     /*
4734      * In the sandbox more things are not allowed, including the things
4735      * disallowed in secure mode.
4736      */
4737     if (sandbox != 0)
4738     {
4739 	EMSG(_(e_sandbox));
4740 	return TRUE;
4741     }
4742 #endif
4743     return FALSE;
4744 }
4745 
4746 static char_u	*old_sub = NULL;	/* previous substitute pattern */
4747 static int	global_need_beginline;	/* call beginline() after ":g" */
4748 
4749 /*
4750  * Flags that are kept between calls to :substitute.
4751  */
4752 typedef struct {
4753     int	do_all;		/* do multiple substitutions per line */
4754     int	do_ask;		/* ask for confirmation */
4755     int	do_count;	/* count only */
4756     int	do_error;	/* if false, ignore errors */
4757     int	do_print;	/* print last line with subs. */
4758     int	do_list;	/* list last line with subs. */
4759     int	do_number;	/* list last line with line nr*/
4760     int	do_ic;		/* ignore case flag */
4761 } subflags_T;
4762 
4763 /* do_sub()
4764  *
4765  * Perform a substitution from line eap->line1 to line eap->line2 using the
4766  * command pointed to by eap->arg which should be of the form:
4767  *
4768  * /pattern/substitution/{flags}
4769  *
4770  * The usual escapes are supported as described in the regexp docs.
4771  */
4772     void
4773 do_sub(exarg_T *eap)
4774 {
4775     linenr_T	lnum;
4776     long	i = 0;
4777     regmmatch_T regmatch;
4778     static subflags_T subflags = {FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE,
4779 							      FALSE, FALSE, 0};
4780 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
4781     subflags_T	subflags_save;
4782 #endif
4783     int		save_do_all;		/* remember user specified 'g' flag */
4784     int		save_do_ask;		/* remember user specified 'c' flag */
4785     char_u	*pat = NULL, *sub = NULL;	/* init for GCC */
4786     int		delimiter;
4787     int		sublen;
4788     int		got_quit = FALSE;
4789     int		got_match = FALSE;
4790     int		temp;
4791     int		which_pat;
4792     char_u	*cmd;
4793     int		save_State;
4794     linenr_T	first_line = 0;		/* first changed line */
4795     linenr_T	last_line= 0;		/* below last changed line AFTER the
4796 					 * change */
4797     linenr_T	old_line_count = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
4798     linenr_T	line2;
4799     long	nmatch;			/* number of lines in match */
4800     char_u	*sub_firstline;		/* allocated copy of first sub line */
4801     int		endcolumn = FALSE;	/* cursor in last column when done */
4802     pos_T	old_cursor = curwin->w_cursor;
4803     int		start_nsubs;
4804 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
4805     int		save_ma = 0;
4806 #endif
4807 
4808     cmd = eap->arg;
4809     if (!global_busy)
4810     {
4811 	sub_nsubs = 0;
4812 	sub_nlines = 0;
4813     }
4814     start_nsubs = sub_nsubs;
4815 
4816     if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_tilde)
4817 	which_pat = RE_LAST;	/* use last used regexp */
4818     else
4819 	which_pat = RE_SUBST;	/* use last substitute regexp */
4820 
4821 				/* new pattern and substitution */
4822     if (eap->cmd[0] == 's' && *cmd != NUL && !VIM_ISWHITE(*cmd)
4823 		&& vim_strchr((char_u *)"0123456789cegriIp|\"", *cmd) == NULL)
4824     {
4825 				/* don't accept alphanumeric for separator */
4826 	if (isalpha(*cmd))
4827 	{
4828 	    EMSG(_("E146: Regular expressions can't be delimited by letters"));
4829 	    return;
4830 	}
4831 	/*
4832 	 * undocumented vi feature:
4833 	 *  "\/sub/" and "\?sub?" use last used search pattern (almost like
4834 	 *  //sub/r).  "\&sub&" use last substitute pattern (like //sub/).
4835 	 */
4836 	if (*cmd == '\\')
4837 	{
4838 	    ++cmd;
4839 	    if (vim_strchr((char_u *)"/?&", *cmd) == NULL)
4840 	    {
4841 		EMSG(_(e_backslash));
4842 		return;
4843 	    }
4844 	    if (*cmd != '&')
4845 		which_pat = RE_SEARCH;	    /* use last '/' pattern */
4846 	    pat = (char_u *)"";		    /* empty search pattern */
4847 	    delimiter = *cmd++;		    /* remember delimiter character */
4848 	}
4849 	else		/* find the end of the regexp */
4850 	{
4851 #ifdef FEAT_FKMAP	/* reverse the flow of the Farsi characters */
4852 	    if (p_altkeymap && curwin->w_p_rl)
4853 		lrF_sub(cmd);
4854 #endif
4855 	    which_pat = RE_LAST;	    /* use last used regexp */
4856 	    delimiter = *cmd++;		    /* remember delimiter character */
4857 	    pat = cmd;			    /* remember start of search pat */
4858 	    cmd = skip_regexp(cmd, delimiter, p_magic, &eap->arg);
4859 	    if (cmd[0] == delimiter)	    /* end delimiter found */
4860 		*cmd++ = NUL;		    /* replace it with a NUL */
4861 	}
4862 
4863 	/*
4864 	 * Small incompatibility: vi sees '\n' as end of the command, but in
4865 	 * Vim we want to use '\n' to find/substitute a NUL.
4866 	 */
4867 	sub = cmd;	    /* remember the start of the substitution */
4868 
4869 	while (cmd[0])
4870 	{
4871 	    if (cmd[0] == delimiter)		/* end delimiter found */
4872 	    {
4873 		*cmd++ = NUL;			/* replace it with a NUL */
4874 		break;
4875 	    }
4876 	    if (cmd[0] == '\\' && cmd[1] != 0)	/* skip escaped characters */
4877 		++cmd;
4878 	    MB_PTR_ADV(cmd);
4879 	}
4880 
4881 	if (!eap->skip)
4882 	{
4883 	    /* In POSIX vi ":s/pat/%/" uses the previous subst. string. */
4884 	    if (STRCMP(sub, "%") == 0
4885 				 && vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_SUBPERCENT) != NULL)
4886 	    {
4887 		if (old_sub == NULL)	/* there is no previous command */
4888 		{
4889 		    EMSG(_(e_nopresub));
4890 		    return;
4891 		}
4892 		sub = old_sub;
4893 	    }
4894 	    else
4895 	    {
4896 		vim_free(old_sub);
4897 		old_sub = vim_strsave(sub);
4898 	    }
4899 	}
4900     }
4901     else if (!eap->skip)	/* use previous pattern and substitution */
4902     {
4903 	if (old_sub == NULL)	/* there is no previous command */
4904 	{
4905 	    EMSG(_(e_nopresub));
4906 	    return;
4907 	}
4908 	pat = NULL;		/* search_regcomp() will use previous pattern */
4909 	sub = old_sub;
4910 
4911 	/* Vi compatibility quirk: repeating with ":s" keeps the cursor in the
4912 	 * last column after using "$". */
4913 	endcolumn = (curwin->w_curswant == MAXCOL);
4914     }
4915 
4916     /* Recognize ":%s/\n//" and turn it into a join command, which is much
4917      * more efficient.
4918      * TODO: find a generic solution to make line-joining operations more
4919      * efficient, avoid allocating a string that grows in size.
4920      */
4921     if (pat != NULL && STRCMP(pat, "\\n") == 0
4922 	    && *sub == NUL
4923 	    && (*cmd == NUL || (cmd[1] == NUL && (*cmd == 'g' || *cmd == 'l'
4924 					     || *cmd == 'p' || *cmd == '#'))))
4925     {
4926 	linenr_T    joined_lines_count;
4927 
4928 	curwin->w_cursor.lnum = eap->line1;
4929 	if (*cmd == 'l')
4930 	    eap->flags = EXFLAG_LIST;
4931 	else if (*cmd == '#')
4932 	    eap->flags = EXFLAG_NR;
4933 	else if (*cmd == 'p')
4934 	    eap->flags = EXFLAG_PRINT;
4935 
4936 	/* The number of lines joined is the number of lines in the range plus
4937 	 * one.  One less when the last line is included. */
4938 	joined_lines_count = eap->line2 - eap->line1 + 1;
4939 	if (eap->line2 < curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
4940 	    ++joined_lines_count;
4941 	if (joined_lines_count > 1)
4942 	{
4943 	    (void)do_join(joined_lines_count, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4944 	    sub_nsubs = joined_lines_count - 1;
4945 	    sub_nlines = 1;
4946 	    (void)do_sub_msg(FALSE);
4947 	    ex_may_print(eap);
4948 	}
4949 
4950 	if (!cmdmod.keeppatterns)
4951 	    save_re_pat(RE_SUBST, pat, p_magic);
4952 #ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
4953 	/* put pattern in history */
4954 	add_to_history(HIST_SEARCH, pat, TRUE, NUL);
4955 #endif
4956 
4957 	return;
4958     }
4959 
4960     /*
4961      * Find trailing options.  When '&' is used, keep old options.
4962      */
4963     if (*cmd == '&')
4964 	++cmd;
4965     else
4966     {
4967 	if (!p_ed)
4968 	{
4969 	    if (p_gd)		/* default is global on */
4970 		subflags.do_all = TRUE;
4971 	    else
4972 		subflags.do_all = FALSE;
4973 	    subflags.do_ask = FALSE;
4974 	}
4975 	subflags.do_error = TRUE;
4976 	subflags.do_print = FALSE;
4977 	subflags.do_count = FALSE;
4978 	subflags.do_number = FALSE;
4979 	subflags.do_ic = 0;
4980     }
4981     while (*cmd)
4982     {
4983 	/*
4984 	 * Note that 'g' and 'c' are always inverted, also when p_ed is off.
4985 	 * 'r' is never inverted.
4986 	 */
4987 	if (*cmd == 'g')
4988 	    subflags.do_all = !subflags.do_all;
4989 	else if (*cmd == 'c')
4990 	    subflags.do_ask = !subflags.do_ask;
4991 	else if (*cmd == 'n')
4992 	    subflags.do_count = TRUE;
4993 	else if (*cmd == 'e')
4994 	    subflags.do_error = !subflags.do_error;
4995 	else if (*cmd == 'r')	    /* use last used regexp */
4996 	    which_pat = RE_LAST;
4997 	else if (*cmd == 'p')
4998 	    subflags.do_print = TRUE;
4999 	else if (*cmd == '#')
5000 	{
5001 	    subflags.do_print = TRUE;
5002 	    subflags.do_number = TRUE;
5003 	}
5004 	else if (*cmd == 'l')
5005 	{
5006 	    subflags.do_print = TRUE;
5007 	    subflags.do_list = TRUE;
5008 	}
5009 	else if (*cmd == 'i')	    /* ignore case */
5010 	    subflags.do_ic = 'i';
5011 	else if (*cmd == 'I')	    /* don't ignore case */
5012 	    subflags.do_ic = 'I';
5013 	else
5014 	    break;
5015 	++cmd;
5016     }
5017     if (subflags.do_count)
5018 	subflags.do_ask = FALSE;
5019 
5020     save_do_all = subflags.do_all;
5021     save_do_ask = subflags.do_ask;
5022 
5023     /*
5024      * check for a trailing count
5025      */
5026     cmd = skipwhite(cmd);
5027     if (VIM_ISDIGIT(*cmd))
5028     {
5029 	i = getdigits(&cmd);
5030 	if (i <= 0 && !eap->skip && subflags.do_error)
5031 	{
5032 	    EMSG(_(e_zerocount));
5033 	    return;
5034 	}
5035 	eap->line1 = eap->line2;
5036 	eap->line2 += i - 1;
5037 	if (eap->line2 > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
5038 	    eap->line2 = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
5039     }
5040 
5041     /*
5042      * check for trailing command or garbage
5043      */
5044     cmd = skipwhite(cmd);
5045     if (*cmd && *cmd != '"')	    /* if not end-of-line or comment */
5046     {
5047 	eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(cmd);
5048 	if (eap->nextcmd == NULL)
5049 	{
5050 	    EMSG(_(e_trailing));
5051 	    return;
5052 	}
5053     }
5054 
5055     if (eap->skip)	    /* not executing commands, only parsing */
5056 	return;
5057 
5058     if (!subflags.do_count && !curbuf->b_p_ma)
5059     {
5060 	/* Substitution is not allowed in non-'modifiable' buffer */
5061 	EMSG(_(e_modifiable));
5062 	return;
5063     }
5064 
5065     if (search_regcomp(pat, RE_SUBST, which_pat, SEARCH_HIS, &regmatch) == FAIL)
5066     {
5067 	if (subflags.do_error)
5068 	    EMSG(_(e_invcmd));
5069 	return;
5070     }
5071 
5072     /* the 'i' or 'I' flag overrules 'ignorecase' and 'smartcase' */
5073     if (subflags.do_ic == 'i')
5074 	regmatch.rmm_ic = TRUE;
5075     else if (subflags.do_ic == 'I')
5076 	regmatch.rmm_ic = FALSE;
5077 
5078     sub_firstline = NULL;
5079 
5080     /*
5081      * ~ in the substitute pattern is replaced with the old pattern.
5082      * We do it here once to avoid it to be replaced over and over again.
5083      * But don't do it when it starts with "\=", then it's an expression.
5084      */
5085     if (!(sub[0] == '\\' && sub[1] == '='))
5086 	sub = regtilde(sub, p_magic);
5087 
5088     /*
5089      * Check for a match on each line.
5090      */
5091     line2 = eap->line2;
5092     for (lnum = eap->line1; lnum <= line2 && !(got_quit
5093 #if defined(FEAT_EVAL) && defined(FEAT_AUTOCMD)
5094 		|| aborting()
5095 #endif
5096 		); ++lnum)
5097     {
5098 	nmatch = vim_regexec_multi(&regmatch, curwin, curbuf, lnum,
5099 						       (colnr_T)0, NULL, NULL);
5100 	if (nmatch)
5101 	{
5102 	    colnr_T	copycol;
5103 	    colnr_T	matchcol;
5104 	    colnr_T	prev_matchcol = MAXCOL;
5105 	    char_u	*new_end, *new_start = NULL;
5106 	    unsigned	new_start_len = 0;
5107 	    char_u	*p1;
5108 	    int		did_sub = FALSE;
5109 	    int		lastone;
5110 	    int		len, copy_len, needed_len;
5111 	    long	nmatch_tl = 0;	/* nr of lines matched below lnum */
5112 	    int		do_again;	/* do it again after joining lines */
5113 	    int		skip_match = FALSE;
5114 	    linenr_T	sub_firstlnum;	/* nr of first sub line */
5115 
5116 	    /*
5117 	     * The new text is build up step by step, to avoid too much
5118 	     * copying.  There are these pieces:
5119 	     * sub_firstline	The old text, unmodified.
5120 	     * copycol		Column in the old text where we started
5121 	     *			looking for a match; from here old text still
5122 	     *			needs to be copied to the new text.
5123 	     * matchcol		Column number of the old text where to look
5124 	     *			for the next match.  It's just after the
5125 	     *			previous match or one further.
5126 	     * prev_matchcol	Column just after the previous match (if any).
5127 	     *			Mostly equal to matchcol, except for the first
5128 	     *			match and after skipping an empty match.
5129 	     * regmatch.*pos	Where the pattern matched in the old text.
5130 	     * new_start	The new text, all that has been produced so
5131 	     *			far.
5132 	     * new_end		The new text, where to append new text.
5133 	     *
5134 	     * lnum		The line number where we found the start of
5135 	     *			the match.  Can be below the line we searched
5136 	     *			when there is a \n before a \zs in the
5137 	     *			pattern.
5138 	     * sub_firstlnum	The line number in the buffer where to look
5139 	     *			for a match.  Can be different from "lnum"
5140 	     *			when the pattern or substitute string contains
5141 	     *			line breaks.
5142 	     *
5143 	     * Special situations:
5144 	     * - When the substitute string contains a line break, the part up
5145 	     *   to the line break is inserted in the text, but the copy of
5146 	     *   the original line is kept.  "sub_firstlnum" is adjusted for
5147 	     *   the inserted lines.
5148 	     * - When the matched pattern contains a line break, the old line
5149 	     *   is taken from the line at the end of the pattern.  The lines
5150 	     *   in the match are deleted later, "sub_firstlnum" is adjusted
5151 	     *   accordingly.
5152 	     *
5153 	     * The new text is built up in new_start[].  It has some extra
5154 	     * room to avoid using alloc()/free() too often.  new_start_len is
5155 	     * the length of the allocated memory at new_start.
5156 	     *
5157 	     * Make a copy of the old line, so it won't be taken away when
5158 	     * updating the screen or handling a multi-line match.  The "old_"
5159 	     * pointers point into this copy.
5160 	     */
5161 	    sub_firstlnum = lnum;
5162 	    copycol = 0;
5163 	    matchcol = 0;
5164 
5165 	    /* At first match, remember current cursor position. */
5166 	    if (!got_match)
5167 	    {
5168 		setpcmark();
5169 		got_match = TRUE;
5170 	    }
5171 
5172 	    /*
5173 	     * Loop until nothing more to replace in this line.
5174 	     * 1. Handle match with empty string.
5175 	     * 2. If do_ask is set, ask for confirmation.
5176 	     * 3. substitute the string.
5177 	     * 4. if do_all is set, find next match
5178 	     * 5. break if there isn't another match in this line
5179 	     */
5180 	    for (;;)
5181 	    {
5182 		/* Advance "lnum" to the line where the match starts.  The
5183 		 * match does not start in the first line when there is a line
5184 		 * break before \zs. */
5185 		if (regmatch.startpos[0].lnum > 0)
5186 		{
5187 		    lnum += regmatch.startpos[0].lnum;
5188 		    sub_firstlnum += regmatch.startpos[0].lnum;
5189 		    nmatch -= regmatch.startpos[0].lnum;
5190 		    vim_free(sub_firstline);
5191 		    sub_firstline = NULL;
5192 		}
5193 
5194 		if (sub_firstline == NULL)
5195 		{
5196 		    sub_firstline = vim_strsave(ml_get(sub_firstlnum));
5197 		    if (sub_firstline == NULL)
5198 		    {
5199 			vim_free(new_start);
5200 			goto outofmem;
5201 		    }
5202 		}
5203 
5204 		/* Save the line number of the last change for the final
5205 		 * cursor position (just like Vi). */
5206 		curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
5207 		do_again = FALSE;
5208 
5209 		/*
5210 		 * 1. Match empty string does not count, except for first
5211 		 * match.  This reproduces the strange vi behaviour.
5212 		 * This also catches endless loops.
5213 		 */
5214 		if (matchcol == prev_matchcol
5215 			&& regmatch.endpos[0].lnum == 0
5216 			&& matchcol == regmatch.endpos[0].col)
5217 		{
5218 		    if (sub_firstline[matchcol] == NUL)
5219 			/* We already were at the end of the line.  Don't look
5220 			 * for a match in this line again. */
5221 			skip_match = TRUE;
5222 		    else
5223 		    {
5224 			 /* search for a match at next column */
5225 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
5226 			if (has_mbyte)
5227 			    matchcol += mb_ptr2len(sub_firstline + matchcol);
5228 			else
5229 #endif
5230 			    ++matchcol;
5231 		    }
5232 		    goto skip;
5233 		}
5234 
5235 		/* Normally we continue searching for a match just after the
5236 		 * previous match. */
5237 		matchcol = regmatch.endpos[0].col;
5238 		prev_matchcol = matchcol;
5239 
5240 		/*
5241 		 * 2. If do_count is set only increase the counter.
5242 		 *    If do_ask is set, ask for confirmation.
5243 		 */
5244 		if (subflags.do_count)
5245 		{
5246 		    /* For a multi-line match, put matchcol at the NUL at
5247 		     * the end of the line and set nmatch to one, so that
5248 		     * we continue looking for a match on the next line.
5249 		     * Avoids that ":s/\nB\@=//gc" get stuck. */
5250 		    if (nmatch > 1)
5251 		    {
5252 			matchcol = (colnr_T)STRLEN(sub_firstline);
5253 			nmatch = 1;
5254 			skip_match = TRUE;
5255 		    }
5256 		    sub_nsubs++;
5257 		    did_sub = TRUE;
5258 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
5259 		    /* Skip the substitution, unless an expression is used,
5260 		     * then it is evaluated in the sandbox. */
5261 		    if (!(sub[0] == '\\' && sub[1] == '='))
5262 #endif
5263 			goto skip;
5264 		}
5265 
5266 		if (subflags.do_ask)
5267 		{
5268 		    int typed = 0;
5269 
5270 		    /* change State to CONFIRM, so that the mouse works
5271 		     * properly */
5272 		    save_State = State;
5273 		    State = CONFIRM;
5274 #ifdef FEAT_MOUSE
5275 		    setmouse();		/* disable mouse in xterm */
5276 #endif
5277 		    curwin->w_cursor.col = regmatch.startpos[0].col;
5278 #ifdef FEAT_CURSORBIND
5279 		    if (curwin->w_p_crb)
5280 			do_check_cursorbind();
5281 #endif
5282 
5283 		    /* When 'cpoptions' contains "u" don't sync undo when
5284 		     * asking for confirmation. */
5285 		    if (vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_UNDO) != NULL)
5286 			++no_u_sync;
5287 
5288 		    /*
5289 		     * Loop until 'y', 'n', 'q', CTRL-E or CTRL-Y typed.
5290 		     */
5291 		    while (subflags.do_ask)
5292 		    {
5293 			if (exmode_active)
5294 			{
5295 			    char_u	*resp;
5296 			    colnr_T	sc, ec;
5297 
5298 			    print_line_no_prefix(lnum,
5299 					 subflags.do_number, subflags.do_list);
5300 
5301 			    getvcol(curwin, &curwin->w_cursor, &sc, NULL, NULL);
5302 			    curwin->w_cursor.col = regmatch.endpos[0].col - 1;
5303 			    if (curwin->w_cursor.col < 0)
5304 				curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
5305 			    getvcol(curwin, &curwin->w_cursor, NULL, NULL, &ec);
5306 			    if (subflags.do_number || curwin->w_p_nu)
5307 			    {
5308 				int numw = number_width(curwin) + 1;
5309 				sc += numw;
5310 				ec += numw;
5311 			    }
5312 			    msg_start();
5313 			    for (i = 0; i < (long)sc; ++i)
5314 				msg_putchar(' ');
5315 			    for ( ; i <= (long)ec; ++i)
5316 				msg_putchar('^');
5317 
5318 			    resp = getexmodeline('?', NULL, 0);
5319 			    if (resp != NULL)
5320 			    {
5321 				typed = *resp;
5322 				vim_free(resp);
5323 			    }
5324 			}
5325 			else
5326 			{
5327 			    char_u *orig_line = NULL;
5328 			    int    len_change = 0;
5329 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
5330 			    int save_p_fen = curwin->w_p_fen;
5331 
5332 			    curwin->w_p_fen = FALSE;
5333 #endif
5334 			    /* Invert the matched string.
5335 			     * Remove the inversion afterwards. */
5336 			    temp = RedrawingDisabled;
5337 			    RedrawingDisabled = 0;
5338 
5339 			    if (new_start != NULL)
5340 			    {
5341 				/* There already was a substitution, we would
5342 				 * like to show this to the user.  We cannot
5343 				 * really update the line, it would change
5344 				 * what matches.  Temporarily replace the line
5345 				 * and change it back afterwards. */
5346 				orig_line = vim_strsave(ml_get(lnum));
5347 				if (orig_line != NULL)
5348 				{
5349 				    char_u *new_line = concat_str(new_start,
5350 						     sub_firstline + copycol);
5351 
5352 				    if (new_line == NULL)
5353 				    {
5354 					vim_free(orig_line);
5355 					orig_line = NULL;
5356 				    }
5357 				    else
5358 				    {
5359 					/* Position the cursor relative to the
5360 					 * end of the line, the previous
5361 					 * substitute may have inserted or
5362 					 * deleted characters before the
5363 					 * cursor. */
5364 					len_change = (int)STRLEN(new_line)
5365 						     - (int)STRLEN(orig_line);
5366 					curwin->w_cursor.col += len_change;
5367 					ml_replace(lnum, new_line, FALSE);
5368 				    }
5369 				}
5370 			    }
5371 
5372 			    search_match_lines = regmatch.endpos[0].lnum
5373 						  - regmatch.startpos[0].lnum;
5374 			    search_match_endcol = regmatch.endpos[0].col
5375 								 + len_change;
5376 			    highlight_match = TRUE;
5377 
5378 			    update_topline();
5379 			    validate_cursor();
5380 			    update_screen(SOME_VALID);
5381 			    highlight_match = FALSE;
5382 			    redraw_later(SOME_VALID);
5383 
5384 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
5385 			    curwin->w_p_fen = save_p_fen;
5386 #endif
5387 			    if (msg_row == Rows - 1)
5388 				msg_didout = FALSE;	/* avoid a scroll-up */
5389 			    msg_starthere();
5390 			    i = msg_scroll;
5391 			    msg_scroll = 0;		/* truncate msg when
5392 							   needed */
5393 			    msg_no_more = TRUE;
5394 			    /* write message same highlighting as for
5395 			     * wait_return */
5396 			    smsg_attr(HL_ATTR(HLF_R),
5397 				    (char_u *)_("replace with %s (y/n/a/q/l/^E/^Y)?"), sub);
5398 			    msg_no_more = FALSE;
5399 			    msg_scroll = i;
5400 			    showruler(TRUE);
5401 			    windgoto(msg_row, msg_col);
5402 			    RedrawingDisabled = temp;
5403 
5404 #ifdef USE_ON_FLY_SCROLL
5405 			    dont_scroll = FALSE; /* allow scrolling here */
5406 #endif
5407 			    ++no_mapping;	/* don't map this key */
5408 			    ++allow_keys;	/* allow special keys */
5409 			    typed = plain_vgetc();
5410 			    --allow_keys;
5411 			    --no_mapping;
5412 
5413 			    /* clear the question */
5414 			    msg_didout = FALSE;	/* don't scroll up */
5415 			    msg_col = 0;
5416 			    gotocmdline(TRUE);
5417 
5418 			    /* restore the line */
5419 			    if (orig_line != NULL)
5420 				ml_replace(lnum, orig_line, FALSE);
5421 			}
5422 
5423 			need_wait_return = FALSE; /* no hit-return prompt */
5424 			if (typed == 'q' || typed == ESC || typed == Ctrl_C
5425 #ifdef UNIX
5426 				|| typed == intr_char
5427 #endif
5428 				)
5429 			{
5430 			    got_quit = TRUE;
5431 			    break;
5432 			}
5433 			if (typed == 'n')
5434 			    break;
5435 			if (typed == 'y')
5436 			    break;
5437 			if (typed == 'l')
5438 			{
5439 			    /* last: replace and then stop */
5440 			    subflags.do_all = FALSE;
5441 			    line2 = lnum;
5442 			    break;
5443 			}
5444 			if (typed == 'a')
5445 			{
5446 			    subflags.do_ask = FALSE;
5447 			    break;
5448 			}
5449 #ifdef FEAT_INS_EXPAND
5450 			if (typed == Ctrl_E)
5451 			    scrollup_clamp();
5452 			else if (typed == Ctrl_Y)
5453 			    scrolldown_clamp();
5454 #endif
5455 		    }
5456 		    State = save_State;
5457 #ifdef FEAT_MOUSE
5458 		    setmouse();
5459 #endif
5460 		    if (vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_UNDO) != NULL)
5461 			--no_u_sync;
5462 
5463 		    if (typed == 'n')
5464 		    {
5465 			/* For a multi-line match, put matchcol at the NUL at
5466 			 * the end of the line and set nmatch to one, so that
5467 			 * we continue looking for a match on the next line.
5468 			 * Avoids that ":%s/\nB\@=//gc" and ":%s/\n/,\r/gc"
5469 			 * get stuck when pressing 'n'. */
5470 			if (nmatch > 1)
5471 			{
5472 			    matchcol = (colnr_T)STRLEN(sub_firstline);
5473 			    skip_match = TRUE;
5474 			}
5475 			goto skip;
5476 		    }
5477 		    if (got_quit)
5478 			goto skip;
5479 		}
5480 
5481 		/* Move the cursor to the start of the match, so that we can
5482 		 * use "\=col("."). */
5483 		curwin->w_cursor.col = regmatch.startpos[0].col;
5484 
5485 		/*
5486 		 * 3. substitute the string.
5487 		 */
5488 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
5489 		if (subflags.do_count)
5490 		{
5491 		    /* prevent accidentally changing the buffer by a function */
5492 		    save_ma = curbuf->b_p_ma;
5493 		    curbuf->b_p_ma = FALSE;
5494 		    sandbox++;
5495 		}
5496 		/* Save flags for recursion.  They can change for e.g.
5497 		 * :s/^/\=execute("s#^##gn") */
5498 		subflags_save = subflags;
5499 #endif
5500 		/* get length of substitution part */
5501 		sublen = vim_regsub_multi(&regmatch,
5502 				    sub_firstlnum - regmatch.startpos[0].lnum,
5503 				    sub, sub_firstline, FALSE, p_magic, TRUE);
5504 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
5505 		/* Don't keep flags set by a recursive call. */
5506 		subflags = subflags_save;
5507 		if (subflags.do_count)
5508 		{
5509 		    curbuf->b_p_ma = save_ma;
5510 		    if (sandbox > 0)
5511 			sandbox--;
5512 		    goto skip;
5513 		}
5514 #endif
5515 
5516 		/* When the match included the "$" of the last line it may
5517 		 * go beyond the last line of the buffer. */
5518 		if (nmatch > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count - sub_firstlnum + 1)
5519 		{
5520 		    nmatch = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count - sub_firstlnum + 1;
5521 		    skip_match = TRUE;
5522 		}
5523 
5524 		/* Need room for:
5525 		 * - result so far in new_start (not for first sub in line)
5526 		 * - original text up to match
5527 		 * - length of substituted part
5528 		 * - original text after match
5529 		 */
5530 		if (nmatch == 1)
5531 		    p1 = sub_firstline;
5532 		else
5533 		{
5534 		    p1 = ml_get(sub_firstlnum + nmatch - 1);
5535 		    nmatch_tl += nmatch - 1;
5536 		}
5537 		copy_len = regmatch.startpos[0].col - copycol;
5538 		needed_len = copy_len + ((unsigned)STRLEN(p1)
5539 				       - regmatch.endpos[0].col) + sublen + 1;
5540 		if (new_start == NULL)
5541 		{
5542 		    /*
5543 		     * Get some space for a temporary buffer to do the
5544 		     * substitution into (and some extra space to avoid
5545 		     * too many calls to alloc()/free()).
5546 		     */
5547 		    new_start_len = needed_len + 50;
5548 		    if ((new_start = alloc_check(new_start_len)) == NULL)
5549 			goto outofmem;
5550 		    *new_start = NUL;
5551 		    new_end = new_start;
5552 		}
5553 		else
5554 		{
5555 		    /*
5556 		     * Check if the temporary buffer is long enough to do the
5557 		     * substitution into.  If not, make it larger (with a bit
5558 		     * extra to avoid too many calls to alloc()/free()).
5559 		     */
5560 		    len = (unsigned)STRLEN(new_start);
5561 		    needed_len += len;
5562 		    if (needed_len > (int)new_start_len)
5563 		    {
5564 			new_start_len = needed_len + 50;
5565 			if ((p1 = alloc_check(new_start_len)) == NULL)
5566 			{
5567 			    vim_free(new_start);
5568 			    goto outofmem;
5569 			}
5570 			mch_memmove(p1, new_start, (size_t)(len + 1));
5571 			vim_free(new_start);
5572 			new_start = p1;
5573 		    }
5574 		    new_end = new_start + len;
5575 		}
5576 
5577 		/*
5578 		 * copy the text up to the part that matched
5579 		 */
5580 		mch_memmove(new_end, sub_firstline + copycol, (size_t)copy_len);
5581 		new_end += copy_len;
5582 
5583 		(void)vim_regsub_multi(&regmatch,
5584 				    sub_firstlnum - regmatch.startpos[0].lnum,
5585 					   sub, new_end, TRUE, p_magic, TRUE);
5586 		sub_nsubs++;
5587 		did_sub = TRUE;
5588 
5589 		/* Move the cursor to the start of the line, to avoid that it
5590 		 * is beyond the end of the line after the substitution. */
5591 		curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
5592 
5593 		/* For a multi-line match, make a copy of the last matched
5594 		 * line and continue in that one. */
5595 		if (nmatch > 1)
5596 		{
5597 		    sub_firstlnum += nmatch - 1;
5598 		    vim_free(sub_firstline);
5599 		    sub_firstline = vim_strsave(ml_get(sub_firstlnum));
5600 		    /* When going beyond the last line, stop substituting. */
5601 		    if (sub_firstlnum <= line2)
5602 			do_again = TRUE;
5603 		    else
5604 			subflags.do_all = FALSE;
5605 		}
5606 
5607 		/* Remember next character to be copied. */
5608 		copycol = regmatch.endpos[0].col;
5609 
5610 		if (skip_match)
5611 		{
5612 		    /* Already hit end of the buffer, sub_firstlnum is one
5613 		     * less than what it ought to be. */
5614 		    vim_free(sub_firstline);
5615 		    sub_firstline = vim_strsave((char_u *)"");
5616 		    copycol = 0;
5617 		}
5618 
5619 		/*
5620 		 * Now the trick is to replace CTRL-M chars with a real line
5621 		 * break.  This would make it impossible to insert a CTRL-M in
5622 		 * the text.  The line break can be avoided by preceding the
5623 		 * CTRL-M with a backslash.  To be able to insert a backslash,
5624 		 * they must be doubled in the string and are halved here.
5625 		 * That is Vi compatible.
5626 		 */
5627 		for (p1 = new_end; *p1; ++p1)
5628 		{
5629 		    if (p1[0] == '\\' && p1[1] != NUL)  /* remove backslash */
5630 			STRMOVE(p1, p1 + 1);
5631 		    else if (*p1 == CAR)
5632 		    {
5633 			if (u_inssub(lnum) == OK)   /* prepare for undo */
5634 			{
5635 			    *p1 = NUL;		    /* truncate up to the CR */
5636 			    ml_append(lnum - 1, new_start,
5637 					(colnr_T)(p1 - new_start + 1), FALSE);
5638 			    mark_adjust(lnum + 1, (linenr_T)MAXLNUM, 1L, 0L);
5639 			    if (subflags.do_ask)
5640 				appended_lines(lnum - 1, 1L);
5641 			    else
5642 			    {
5643 				if (first_line == 0)
5644 				    first_line = lnum;
5645 				last_line = lnum + 1;
5646 			    }
5647 			    /* All line numbers increase. */
5648 			    ++sub_firstlnum;
5649 			    ++lnum;
5650 			    ++line2;
5651 			    /* move the cursor to the new line, like Vi */
5652 			    ++curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
5653 			    /* copy the rest */
5654 			    STRMOVE(new_start, p1 + 1);
5655 			    p1 = new_start - 1;
5656 			}
5657 		    }
5658 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
5659 		    else if (has_mbyte)
5660 			p1 += (*mb_ptr2len)(p1) - 1;
5661 #endif
5662 		}
5663 
5664 		/*
5665 		 * 4. If do_all is set, find next match.
5666 		 * Prevent endless loop with patterns that match empty
5667 		 * strings, e.g. :s/$/pat/g or :s/[a-z]* /(&)/g.
5668 		 * But ":s/\n/#/" is OK.
5669 		 */
5670 skip:
5671 		/* We already know that we did the last subst when we are at
5672 		 * the end of the line, except that a pattern like
5673 		 * "bar\|\nfoo" may match at the NUL.  "lnum" can be below
5674 		 * "line2" when there is a \zs in the pattern after a line
5675 		 * break. */
5676 		lastone = (skip_match
5677 			|| got_int
5678 			|| got_quit
5679 			|| lnum > line2
5680 			|| !(subflags.do_all || do_again)
5681 			|| (sub_firstline[matchcol] == NUL && nmatch <= 1
5682 					 && !re_multiline(regmatch.regprog)));
5683 		nmatch = -1;
5684 
5685 		/*
5686 		 * Replace the line in the buffer when needed.  This is
5687 		 * skipped when there are more matches.
5688 		 * The check for nmatch_tl is needed for when multi-line
5689 		 * matching must replace the lines before trying to do another
5690 		 * match, otherwise "\@<=" won't work.
5691 		 * When the match starts below where we start searching also
5692 		 * need to replace the line first (using \zs after \n).
5693 		 */
5694 		if (lastone
5695 			|| nmatch_tl > 0
5696 			|| (nmatch = vim_regexec_multi(&regmatch, curwin,
5697 							curbuf, sub_firstlnum,
5698 						    matchcol, NULL, NULL)) == 0
5699 			|| regmatch.startpos[0].lnum > 0)
5700 		{
5701 		    if (new_start != NULL)
5702 		    {
5703 			/*
5704 			 * Copy the rest of the line, that didn't match.
5705 			 * "matchcol" has to be adjusted, we use the end of
5706 			 * the line as reference, because the substitute may
5707 			 * have changed the number of characters.  Same for
5708 			 * "prev_matchcol".
5709 			 */
5710 			STRCAT(new_start, sub_firstline + copycol);
5711 			matchcol = (colnr_T)STRLEN(sub_firstline) - matchcol;
5712 			prev_matchcol = (colnr_T)STRLEN(sub_firstline)
5713 							      - prev_matchcol;
5714 
5715 			if (u_savesub(lnum) != OK)
5716 			    break;
5717 			ml_replace(lnum, new_start, TRUE);
5718 
5719 			if (nmatch_tl > 0)
5720 			{
5721 			    /*
5722 			     * Matched lines have now been substituted and are
5723 			     * useless, delete them.  The part after the match
5724 			     * has been appended to new_start, we don't need
5725 			     * it in the buffer.
5726 			     */
5727 			    ++lnum;
5728 			    if (u_savedel(lnum, nmatch_tl) != OK)
5729 				break;
5730 			    for (i = 0; i < nmatch_tl; ++i)
5731 				ml_delete(lnum, (int)FALSE);
5732 			    mark_adjust(lnum, lnum + nmatch_tl - 1,
5733 						   (long)MAXLNUM, -nmatch_tl);
5734 			    if (subflags.do_ask)
5735 				deleted_lines(lnum, nmatch_tl);
5736 			    --lnum;
5737 			    line2 -= nmatch_tl; /* nr of lines decreases */
5738 			    nmatch_tl = 0;
5739 			}
5740 
5741 			/* When asking, undo is saved each time, must also set
5742 			 * changed flag each time. */
5743 			if (subflags.do_ask)
5744 			    changed_bytes(lnum, 0);
5745 			else
5746 			{
5747 			    if (first_line == 0)
5748 				first_line = lnum;
5749 			    last_line = lnum + 1;
5750 			}
5751 
5752 			sub_firstlnum = lnum;
5753 			vim_free(sub_firstline);    /* free the temp buffer */
5754 			sub_firstline = new_start;
5755 			new_start = NULL;
5756 			matchcol = (colnr_T)STRLEN(sub_firstline) - matchcol;
5757 			prev_matchcol = (colnr_T)STRLEN(sub_firstline)
5758 							      - prev_matchcol;
5759 			copycol = 0;
5760 		    }
5761 		    if (nmatch == -1 && !lastone)
5762 			nmatch = vim_regexec_multi(&regmatch, curwin, curbuf,
5763 					  sub_firstlnum, matchcol, NULL, NULL);
5764 
5765 		    /*
5766 		     * 5. break if there isn't another match in this line
5767 		     */
5768 		    if (nmatch <= 0)
5769 		    {
5770 			/* If the match found didn't start where we were
5771 			 * searching, do the next search in the line where we
5772 			 * found the match. */
5773 			if (nmatch == -1)
5774 			    lnum -= regmatch.startpos[0].lnum;
5775 			break;
5776 		    }
5777 		}
5778 
5779 		line_breakcheck();
5780 	    }
5781 
5782 	    if (did_sub)
5783 		++sub_nlines;
5784 	    vim_free(new_start);	/* for when substitute was cancelled */
5785 	    vim_free(sub_firstline);	/* free the copy of the original line */
5786 	    sub_firstline = NULL;
5787 	}
5788 
5789 	line_breakcheck();
5790     }
5791 
5792     if (first_line != 0)
5793     {
5794 	/* Need to subtract the number of added lines from "last_line" to get
5795 	 * the line number before the change (same as adding the number of
5796 	 * deleted lines). */
5797 	i = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count - old_line_count;
5798 	changed_lines(first_line, 0, last_line - i, i);
5799     }
5800 
5801 outofmem:
5802     vim_free(sub_firstline); /* may have to free allocated copy of the line */
5803 
5804     /* ":s/pat//n" doesn't move the cursor */
5805     if (subflags.do_count)
5806 	curwin->w_cursor = old_cursor;
5807 
5808     if (sub_nsubs > start_nsubs)
5809     {
5810 	/* Set the '[ and '] marks. */
5811 	curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = eap->line1;
5812 	curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = line2;
5813 	curbuf->b_op_start.col = curbuf->b_op_end.col = 0;
5814 
5815 	if (!global_busy)
5816 	{
5817 	    /* when interactive leave cursor on the match */
5818 	    if (!subflags.do_ask)
5819 	    {
5820 		if (endcolumn)
5821 		    coladvance((colnr_T)MAXCOL);
5822 		else
5823 		    beginline(BL_WHITE | BL_FIX);
5824 	    }
5825 	    if (!do_sub_msg(subflags.do_count) && subflags.do_ask)
5826 		MSG("");
5827 	}
5828 	else
5829 	    global_need_beginline = TRUE;
5830 	if (subflags.do_print)
5831 	    print_line(curwin->w_cursor.lnum,
5832 					 subflags.do_number, subflags.do_list);
5833     }
5834     else if (!global_busy)
5835     {
5836 	if (got_int)		/* interrupted */
5837 	    EMSG(_(e_interr));
5838 	else if (got_match)	/* did find something but nothing substituted */
5839 	    MSG("");
5840 	else if (subflags.do_error)	/* nothing found */
5841 	    EMSG2(_(e_patnotf2), get_search_pat());
5842     }
5843 
5844 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
5845     if (subflags.do_ask && hasAnyFolding(curwin))
5846 	/* Cursor position may require updating */
5847 	changed_window_setting();
5848 #endif
5849 
5850     vim_regfree(regmatch.regprog);
5851 
5852     /* Restore the flag values, they can be used for ":&&". */
5853     subflags.do_all = save_do_all;
5854     subflags.do_ask = save_do_ask;
5855 }
5856 
5857 /*
5858  * Give message for number of substitutions.
5859  * Can also be used after a ":global" command.
5860  * Return TRUE if a message was given.
5861  */
5862     int
5863 do_sub_msg(
5864     int	    count_only)		/* used 'n' flag for ":s" */
5865 {
5866     /*
5867      * Only report substitutions when:
5868      * - more than 'report' substitutions
5869      * - command was typed by user, or number of changed lines > 'report'
5870      * - giving messages is not disabled by 'lazyredraw'
5871      */
5872     if (((sub_nsubs > p_report && (KeyTyped || sub_nlines > 1 || p_report < 1))
5873 		|| count_only)
5874 	    && messaging())
5875     {
5876 	if (got_int)
5877 	    STRCPY(msg_buf, _("(Interrupted) "));
5878 	else
5879 	    *msg_buf = NUL;
5880 	if (sub_nsubs == 1)
5881 	    vim_snprintf_add((char *)msg_buf, sizeof(msg_buf),
5882 		    "%s", count_only ? _("1 match") : _("1 substitution"));
5883 	else
5884 	    vim_snprintf_add((char *)msg_buf, sizeof(msg_buf),
5885 		    count_only ? _("%ld matches") : _("%ld substitutions"),
5886 								   sub_nsubs);
5887 	if (sub_nlines == 1)
5888 	    vim_snprintf_add((char *)msg_buf, sizeof(msg_buf),
5889 		    "%s", _(" on 1 line"));
5890 	else
5891 	    vim_snprintf_add((char *)msg_buf, sizeof(msg_buf),
5892 		    _(" on %ld lines"), (long)sub_nlines);
5893 	if (msg(msg_buf))
5894 	    /* save message to display it after redraw */
5895 	    set_keep_msg(msg_buf, 0);
5896 	return TRUE;
5897     }
5898     if (got_int)
5899     {
5900 	EMSG(_(e_interr));
5901 	return TRUE;
5902     }
5903     return FALSE;
5904 }
5905 
5906     static void
5907 global_exe_one(char_u *cmd, linenr_T lnum)
5908 {
5909     curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
5910     curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
5911     if (*cmd == NUL || *cmd == '\n')
5912 	do_cmdline((char_u *)"p", NULL, NULL, DOCMD_NOWAIT);
5913     else
5914 	do_cmdline(cmd, NULL, NULL, DOCMD_NOWAIT);
5915 }
5916 
5917 /*
5918  * Execute a global command of the form:
5919  *
5920  * g/pattern/X : execute X on all lines where pattern matches
5921  * v/pattern/X : execute X on all lines where pattern does not match
5922  *
5923  * where 'X' is an EX command
5924  *
5925  * The command character (as well as the trailing slash) is optional, and
5926  * is assumed to be 'p' if missing.
5927  *
5928  * This is implemented in two passes: first we scan the file for the pattern and
5929  * set a mark for each line that (not) matches. Secondly we execute the command
5930  * for each line that has a mark. This is required because after deleting
5931  * lines we do not know where to search for the next match.
5932  */
5933     void
5934 ex_global(exarg_T *eap)
5935 {
5936     linenr_T	lnum;		/* line number according to old situation */
5937     int		ndone = 0;
5938     int		type;		/* first char of cmd: 'v' or 'g' */
5939     char_u	*cmd;		/* command argument */
5940 
5941     char_u	delim;		/* delimiter, normally '/' */
5942     char_u	*pat;
5943     regmmatch_T	regmatch;
5944     int		match;
5945     int		which_pat;
5946 
5947     /* When nesting the command works on one line.  This allows for
5948      * ":g/found/v/notfound/command". */
5949     if (global_busy && (eap->line1 != 1
5950 				  || eap->line2 != curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count))
5951     {
5952 	/* will increment global_busy to break out of the loop */
5953 	EMSG(_("E147: Cannot do :global recursive with a range"));
5954 	return;
5955     }
5956 
5957     if (eap->forceit)		    /* ":global!" is like ":vglobal" */
5958 	type = 'v';
5959     else
5960 	type = *eap->cmd;
5961     cmd = eap->arg;
5962     which_pat = RE_LAST;	    /* default: use last used regexp */
5963 
5964     /*
5965      * undocumented vi feature:
5966      *	"\/" and "\?": use previous search pattern.
5967      *		 "\&": use previous substitute pattern.
5968      */
5969     if (*cmd == '\\')
5970     {
5971 	++cmd;
5972 	if (vim_strchr((char_u *)"/?&", *cmd) == NULL)
5973 	{
5974 	    EMSG(_(e_backslash));
5975 	    return;
5976 	}
5977 	if (*cmd == '&')
5978 	    which_pat = RE_SUBST;	/* use previous substitute pattern */
5979 	else
5980 	    which_pat = RE_SEARCH;	/* use previous search pattern */
5981 	++cmd;
5982 	pat = (char_u *)"";
5983     }
5984     else if (*cmd == NUL)
5985     {
5986 	EMSG(_("E148: Regular expression missing from global"));
5987 	return;
5988     }
5989     else
5990     {
5991 	delim = *cmd;		/* get the delimiter */
5992 	if (delim)
5993 	    ++cmd;		/* skip delimiter if there is one */
5994 	pat = cmd;		/* remember start of pattern */
5995 	cmd = skip_regexp(cmd, delim, p_magic, &eap->arg);
5996 	if (cmd[0] == delim)		    /* end delimiter found */
5997 	    *cmd++ = NUL;		    /* replace it with a NUL */
5998     }
5999 
6000 #ifdef FEAT_FKMAP	/* when in Farsi mode, reverse the character flow */
6001     if (p_altkeymap && curwin->w_p_rl)
6002 	lrFswap(pat,0);
6003 #endif
6004 
6005     if (search_regcomp(pat, RE_BOTH, which_pat, SEARCH_HIS, &regmatch) == FAIL)
6006     {
6007 	EMSG(_(e_invcmd));
6008 	return;
6009     }
6010 
6011     if (global_busy)
6012     {
6013 	lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
6014 	match = vim_regexec_multi(&regmatch, curwin, curbuf, lnum,
6015 						       (colnr_T)0, NULL, NULL);
6016 	if ((type == 'g' && match) || (type == 'v' && !match))
6017 	    global_exe_one(cmd, lnum);
6018     }
6019     else
6020     {
6021 	/*
6022 	 * pass 1: set marks for each (not) matching line
6023 	 */
6024 	for (lnum = eap->line1; lnum <= eap->line2 && !got_int; ++lnum)
6025 	{
6026 	    /* a match on this line? */
6027 	    match = vim_regexec_multi(&regmatch, curwin, curbuf, lnum,
6028 						       (colnr_T)0, NULL, NULL);
6029 	    if ((type == 'g' && match) || (type == 'v' && !match))
6030 	    {
6031 		ml_setmarked(lnum);
6032 		ndone++;
6033 	    }
6034 	    line_breakcheck();
6035 	}
6036 
6037 	/*
6038 	 * pass 2: execute the command for each line that has been marked
6039 	 */
6040 	if (got_int)
6041 	    MSG(_(e_interr));
6042 	else if (ndone == 0)
6043 	{
6044 	    if (type == 'v')
6045 		smsg((char_u *)_("Pattern found in every line: %s"), pat);
6046 	    else
6047 		smsg((char_u *)_("Pattern not found: %s"), pat);
6048 	}
6049 	else
6050 	{
6051 #ifdef FEAT_CLIPBOARD
6052 	    start_global_changes();
6053 #endif
6054 	    global_exe(cmd);
6055 #ifdef FEAT_CLIPBOARD
6056 	    end_global_changes();
6057 #endif
6058 	}
6059 
6060 	ml_clearmarked();	   /* clear rest of the marks */
6061     }
6062 
6063     vim_regfree(regmatch.regprog);
6064 }
6065 
6066 /*
6067  * Execute "cmd" on lines marked with ml_setmarked().
6068  */
6069     void
6070 global_exe(char_u *cmd)
6071 {
6072     linenr_T old_lcount;	/* b_ml.ml_line_count before the command */
6073     buf_T    *old_buf = curbuf;	/* remember what buffer we started in */
6074     linenr_T lnum;		/* line number according to old situation */
6075 
6076     /*
6077      * Set current position only once for a global command.
6078      * If global_busy is set, setpcmark() will not do anything.
6079      * If there is an error, global_busy will be incremented.
6080      */
6081     setpcmark();
6082 
6083     /* When the command writes a message, don't overwrite the command. */
6084     msg_didout = TRUE;
6085 
6086     sub_nsubs = 0;
6087     sub_nlines = 0;
6088     global_need_beginline = FALSE;
6089     global_busy = 1;
6090     old_lcount = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
6091     while (!got_int && (lnum = ml_firstmarked()) != 0 && global_busy == 1)
6092     {
6093 	global_exe_one(cmd, lnum);
6094 	ui_breakcheck();
6095     }
6096 
6097     global_busy = 0;
6098     if (global_need_beginline)
6099 	beginline(BL_WHITE | BL_FIX);
6100     else
6101 	check_cursor();	/* cursor may be beyond the end of the line */
6102 
6103     /* the cursor may not have moved in the text but a change in a previous
6104      * line may move it on the screen */
6105     changed_line_abv_curs();
6106 
6107     /* If it looks like no message was written, allow overwriting the
6108      * command with the report for number of changes. */
6109     if (msg_col == 0 && msg_scrolled == 0)
6110 	msg_didout = FALSE;
6111 
6112     /* If substitutes done, report number of substitutes, otherwise report
6113      * number of extra or deleted lines.
6114      * Don't report extra or deleted lines in the edge case where the buffer
6115      * we are in after execution is different from the buffer we started in. */
6116     if (!do_sub_msg(FALSE) && curbuf == old_buf)
6117 	msgmore(curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count - old_lcount);
6118 }
6119 
6120 #ifdef FEAT_VIMINFO
6121     int
6122 read_viminfo_sub_string(vir_T *virp, int force)
6123 {
6124     if (force)
6125 	vim_free(old_sub);
6126     if (force || old_sub == NULL)
6127 	old_sub = viminfo_readstring(virp, 1, TRUE);
6128     return viminfo_readline(virp);
6129 }
6130 
6131     void
6132 write_viminfo_sub_string(FILE *fp)
6133 {
6134     if (get_viminfo_parameter('/') != 0 && old_sub != NULL)
6135     {
6136 	fputs(_("\n# Last Substitute String:\n$"), fp);
6137 	viminfo_writestring(fp, old_sub);
6138     }
6139 }
6140 #endif /* FEAT_VIMINFO */
6141 
6142 #if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
6143     void
6144 free_old_sub(void)
6145 {
6146     vim_free(old_sub);
6147 }
6148 #endif
6149 
6150 #if (defined(FEAT_WINDOWS) && defined(FEAT_QUICKFIX)) || defined(PROTO)
6151 /*
6152  * Set up for a tagpreview.
6153  * Return TRUE when it was created.
6154  */
6155     int
6156 prepare_tagpreview(
6157     int		undo_sync)	/* sync undo when leaving the window */
6158 {
6159     win_T	*wp;
6160 
6161 # ifdef FEAT_GUI
6162     need_mouse_correct = TRUE;
6163 # endif
6164 
6165     /*
6166      * If there is already a preview window open, use that one.
6167      */
6168     if (!curwin->w_p_pvw)
6169     {
6170 	FOR_ALL_WINDOWS(wp)
6171 	    if (wp->w_p_pvw)
6172 		break;
6173 	if (wp != NULL)
6174 	    win_enter(wp, undo_sync);
6175 	else
6176 	{
6177 	    /*
6178 	     * There is no preview window open yet.  Create one.
6179 	     */
6180 	    if (win_split(g_do_tagpreview > 0 ? g_do_tagpreview : 0, 0)
6181 								      == FAIL)
6182 		return FALSE;
6183 	    curwin->w_p_pvw = TRUE;
6184 	    curwin->w_p_wfh = TRUE;
6185 	    RESET_BINDING(curwin);	    /* don't take over 'scrollbind'
6186 					       and 'cursorbind' */
6187 # ifdef FEAT_DIFF
6188 	    curwin->w_p_diff = FALSE;	    /* no 'diff' */
6189 # endif
6190 # ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
6191 	    curwin->w_p_fdc = 0;	    /* no 'foldcolumn' */
6192 # endif
6193 	    return TRUE;
6194 	}
6195     }
6196     return FALSE;
6197 }
6198 
6199 #endif
6200 
6201 
6202 /*
6203  * ":help": open a read-only window on a help file
6204  */
6205     void
6206 ex_help(exarg_T *eap)
6207 {
6208     char_u	*arg;
6209     char_u	*tag;
6210     FILE	*helpfd;	/* file descriptor of help file */
6211     int		n;
6212     int		i;
6213 #ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
6214     win_T	*wp;
6215 #endif
6216     int		num_matches;
6217     char_u	**matches;
6218     char_u	*p;
6219     int		empty_fnum = 0;
6220     int		alt_fnum = 0;
6221     buf_T	*buf;
6222 #ifdef FEAT_MULTI_LANG
6223     int		len;
6224     char_u	*lang;
6225 #endif
6226 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
6227     int		old_KeyTyped = KeyTyped;
6228 #endif
6229 
6230     if (eap != NULL)
6231     {
6232 	/*
6233 	 * A ":help" command ends at the first LF, or at a '|' that is
6234 	 * followed by some text.  Set nextcmd to the following command.
6235 	 */
6236 	for (arg = eap->arg; *arg; ++arg)
6237 	{
6238 	    if (*arg == '\n' || *arg == '\r'
6239 		    || (*arg == '|' && arg[1] != NUL && arg[1] != '|'))
6240 	    {
6241 		*arg++ = NUL;
6242 		eap->nextcmd = arg;
6243 		break;
6244 	    }
6245 	}
6246 	arg = eap->arg;
6247 
6248 	if (eap->forceit && *arg == NUL && !curbuf->b_help)
6249 	{
6250 	    EMSG(_("E478: Don't panic!"));
6251 	    return;
6252 	}
6253 
6254 	if (eap->skip)	    /* not executing commands */
6255 	    return;
6256     }
6257     else
6258 	arg = (char_u *)"";
6259 
6260     /* remove trailing blanks */
6261     p = arg + STRLEN(arg) - 1;
6262     while (p > arg && VIM_ISWHITE(*p) && p[-1] != '\\')
6263 	*p-- = NUL;
6264 
6265 #ifdef FEAT_MULTI_LANG
6266     /* Check for a specified language */
6267     lang = check_help_lang(arg);
6268 #endif
6269 
6270     /* When no argument given go to the index. */
6271     if (*arg == NUL)
6272 	arg = (char_u *)"help.txt";
6273 
6274     /*
6275      * Check if there is a match for the argument.
6276      */
6277     n = find_help_tags(arg, &num_matches, &matches,
6278 						 eap != NULL && eap->forceit);
6279 
6280     i = 0;
6281 #ifdef FEAT_MULTI_LANG
6282     if (n != FAIL && lang != NULL)
6283 	/* Find first item with the requested language. */
6284 	for (i = 0; i < num_matches; ++i)
6285 	{
6286 	    len = (int)STRLEN(matches[i]);
6287 	    if (len > 3 && matches[i][len - 3] == '@'
6288 				  && STRICMP(matches[i] + len - 2, lang) == 0)
6289 		break;
6290 	}
6291 #endif
6292     if (i >= num_matches || n == FAIL)
6293     {
6294 #ifdef FEAT_MULTI_LANG
6295 	if (lang != NULL)
6296 	    EMSG3(_("E661: Sorry, no '%s' help for %s"), lang, arg);
6297 	else
6298 #endif
6299 	    EMSG2(_("E149: Sorry, no help for %s"), arg);
6300 	if (n != FAIL)
6301 	    FreeWild(num_matches, matches);
6302 	return;
6303     }
6304 
6305     /* The first match (in the requested language) is the best match. */
6306     tag = vim_strsave(matches[i]);
6307     FreeWild(num_matches, matches);
6308 
6309 #ifdef FEAT_GUI
6310     need_mouse_correct = TRUE;
6311 #endif
6312 
6313     /*
6314      * Re-use an existing help window or open a new one.
6315      * Always open a new one for ":tab help".
6316      */
6317     if (!bt_help(curwin->w_buffer)
6318 #ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
6319 	    || cmdmod.tab != 0
6320 #endif
6321 	    )
6322     {
6323 #ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
6324 	if (cmdmod.tab != 0)
6325 	    wp = NULL;
6326 	else
6327 	    FOR_ALL_WINDOWS(wp)
6328 		if (bt_help(wp->w_buffer))
6329 		    break;
6330 	if (wp != NULL && wp->w_buffer->b_nwindows > 0)
6331 	    win_enter(wp, TRUE);
6332 	else
6333 #endif
6334 	{
6335 	    /*
6336 	     * There is no help window yet.
6337 	     * Try to open the file specified by the "helpfile" option.
6338 	     */
6339 	    if ((helpfd = mch_fopen((char *)p_hf, READBIN)) == NULL)
6340 	    {
6341 		smsg((char_u *)_("Sorry, help file \"%s\" not found"), p_hf);
6342 		goto erret;
6343 	    }
6344 	    fclose(helpfd);
6345 
6346 #ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
6347 	    /* Split off help window; put it at far top if no position
6348 	     * specified, the current window is vertically split and
6349 	     * narrow. */
6350 	    n = WSP_HELP;
6351 	    if (cmdmod.split == 0 && curwin->w_width != Columns
6352 						  && curwin->w_width < 80)
6353 		n |= WSP_TOP;
6354 	    if (win_split(0, n) == FAIL)
6355 		goto erret;
6356 #else
6357 	    /* use current window */
6358 	    if (!can_abandon(curbuf, FALSE))
6359 		goto erret;
6360 #endif
6361 
6362 #ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
6363 	    if (curwin->w_height < p_hh)
6364 		win_setheight((int)p_hh);
6365 #endif
6366 
6367 	    /*
6368 	     * Open help file (do_ecmd() will set b_help flag, readfile() will
6369 	     * set b_p_ro flag).
6370 	     * Set the alternate file to the previously edited file.
6371 	     */
6372 	    alt_fnum = curbuf->b_fnum;
6373 	    (void)do_ecmd(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, ECMD_LASTL,
6374 			  ECMD_HIDE + ECMD_SET_HELP,
6375 #ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
6376 			  NULL  /* buffer is still open, don't store info */
6377 #else
6378 			  curwin
6379 #endif
6380 		    );
6381 	    if (!cmdmod.keepalt)
6382 		curwin->w_alt_fnum = alt_fnum;
6383 	    empty_fnum = curbuf->b_fnum;
6384 	}
6385     }
6386 
6387     if (!p_im)
6388 	restart_edit = 0;	    /* don't want insert mode in help file */
6389 
6390 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
6391     /* Restore KeyTyped, setting 'filetype=help' may reset it.
6392      * It is needed for do_tag top open folds under the cursor. */
6393     KeyTyped = old_KeyTyped;
6394 #endif
6395 
6396     if (tag != NULL)
6397 	do_tag(tag, DT_HELP, 1, FALSE, TRUE);
6398 
6399     /* Delete the empty buffer if we're not using it.  Careful: autocommands
6400      * may have jumped to another window, check that the buffer is not in a
6401      * window. */
6402     if (empty_fnum != 0 && curbuf->b_fnum != empty_fnum)
6403     {
6404 	buf = buflist_findnr(empty_fnum);
6405 	if (buf != NULL && buf->b_nwindows == 0)
6406 	    wipe_buffer(buf, TRUE);
6407     }
6408 
6409     /* keep the previous alternate file */
6410     if (alt_fnum != 0 && curwin->w_alt_fnum == empty_fnum && !cmdmod.keepalt)
6411 	curwin->w_alt_fnum = alt_fnum;
6412 
6413 erret:
6414     vim_free(tag);
6415 }
6416 
6417 /*
6418  * ":helpclose": Close one help window
6419  */
6420     void
6421 ex_helpclose(exarg_T *eap UNUSED)
6422 {
6423 #if defined(FEAT_WINDOWS)
6424     win_T *win;
6425 
6426     FOR_ALL_WINDOWS(win)
6427     {
6428 	if (bt_help(win->w_buffer))
6429 	{
6430 	    win_close(win, FALSE);
6431 	    return;
6432 	}
6433     }
6434 #endif
6435 }
6436 
6437 #if defined(FEAT_MULTI_LANG) || defined(PROTO)
6438 /*
6439  * In an argument search for a language specifiers in the form "@xx".
6440  * Changes the "@" to NUL if found, and returns a pointer to "xx".
6441  * Returns NULL if not found.
6442  */
6443     char_u *
6444 check_help_lang(char_u *arg)
6445 {
6446     int len = (int)STRLEN(arg);
6447 
6448     if (len >= 3 && arg[len - 3] == '@' && ASCII_ISALPHA(arg[len - 2])
6449 					       && ASCII_ISALPHA(arg[len - 1]))
6450     {
6451 	arg[len - 3] = NUL;		/* remove the '@' */
6452 	return arg + len - 2;
6453     }
6454     return NULL;
6455 }
6456 #endif
6457 
6458 /*
6459  * Return a heuristic indicating how well the given string matches.  The
6460  * smaller the number, the better the match.  This is the order of priorities,
6461  * from best match to worst match:
6462  *	- Match with least alpha-numeric characters is better.
6463  *	- Match with least total characters is better.
6464  *	- Match towards the start is better.
6465  *	- Match starting with "+" is worse (feature instead of command)
6466  * Assumption is made that the matched_string passed has already been found to
6467  * match some string for which help is requested.  webb.
6468  */
6469     int
6470 help_heuristic(
6471     char_u	*matched_string,
6472     int		offset,			/* offset for match */
6473     int		wrong_case)		/* no matching case */
6474 {
6475     int		num_letters;
6476     char_u	*p;
6477 
6478     num_letters = 0;
6479     for (p = matched_string; *p; p++)
6480 	if (ASCII_ISALNUM(*p))
6481 	    num_letters++;
6482 
6483     /*
6484      * Multiply the number of letters by 100 to give it a much bigger
6485      * weighting than the number of characters.
6486      * If there only is a match while ignoring case, add 5000.
6487      * If the match starts in the middle of a word, add 10000 to put it
6488      * somewhere in the last half.
6489      * If the match is more than 2 chars from the start, multiply by 200 to
6490      * put it after matches at the start.
6491      */
6492     if (ASCII_ISALNUM(matched_string[offset]) && offset > 0
6493 				 && ASCII_ISALNUM(matched_string[offset - 1]))
6494 	offset += 10000;
6495     else if (offset > 2)
6496 	offset *= 200;
6497     if (wrong_case)
6498 	offset += 5000;
6499     /* Features are less interesting than the subjects themselves, but "+"
6500      * alone is not a feature. */
6501     if (matched_string[0] == '+' && matched_string[1] != NUL)
6502 	offset += 100;
6503     return (int)(100 * num_letters + STRLEN(matched_string) + offset);
6504 }
6505 
6506 /*
6507  * Compare functions for qsort() below, that checks the help heuristics number
6508  * that has been put after the tagname by find_tags().
6509  */
6510     static int
6511 #ifdef __BORLANDC__
6512 _RTLENTRYF
6513 #endif
6514 help_compare(const void *s1, const void *s2)
6515 {
6516     char    *p1;
6517     char    *p2;
6518 
6519     p1 = *(char **)s1 + strlen(*(char **)s1) + 1;
6520     p2 = *(char **)s2 + strlen(*(char **)s2) + 1;
6521     return strcmp(p1, p2);
6522 }
6523 
6524 /*
6525  * Find all help tags matching "arg", sort them and return in matches[], with
6526  * the number of matches in num_matches.
6527  * The matches will be sorted with a "best" match algorithm.
6528  * When "keep_lang" is TRUE try keeping the language of the current buffer.
6529  */
6530     int
6531 find_help_tags(
6532     char_u	*arg,
6533     int		*num_matches,
6534     char_u	***matches,
6535     int		keep_lang)
6536 {
6537     char_u	*s, *d;
6538     int		i;
6539     static char *(mtable[]) = {"*", "g*", "[*", "]*", ":*",
6540 			       "/*", "/\\*", "\"*", "**",
6541 			       "cpo-*", "/\\(\\)", "/\\%(\\)",
6542 			       "?", ":?", "?<CR>", "g?", "g?g?", "g??",
6543 			       "/\\?", "/\\z(\\)", "\\=", ":s\\=",
6544 			       "[count]", "[quotex]",
6545 			       "[range]", ":[range]",
6546 			       "[pattern]", "\\|", "\\%$",
6547 			       "s/\\~", "s/\\U", "s/\\L",
6548 			       "s/\\1", "s/\\2", "s/\\3", "s/\\9"};
6549     static char *(rtable[]) = {"star", "gstar", "[star", "]star", ":star",
6550 			       "/star", "/\\\\star", "quotestar", "starstar",
6551 			       "cpo-star", "/\\\\(\\\\)", "/\\\\%(\\\\)",
6552 			       "?", ":?", "?<CR>", "g?", "g?g?", "g??",
6553 			       "/\\\\?", "/\\\\z(\\\\)", "\\\\=", ":s\\\\=",
6554 			       "\\[count]", "\\[quotex]",
6555 			       "\\[range]", ":\\[range]",
6556 			       "\\[pattern]", "\\\\bar", "/\\\\%\\$",
6557 			       "s/\\\\\\~", "s/\\\\U", "s/\\\\L",
6558 			       "s/\\\\1", "s/\\\\2", "s/\\\\3", "s/\\\\9"};
6559     int flags;
6560 
6561     d = IObuff;		    /* assume IObuff is long enough! */
6562 
6563     /*
6564      * Recognize a few exceptions to the rule.	Some strings that contain '*'
6565      * with "star".  Otherwise '*' is recognized as a wildcard.
6566      */
6567     for (i = (int)(sizeof(mtable) / sizeof(char *)); --i >= 0; )
6568 	if (STRCMP(arg, mtable[i]) == 0)
6569 	{
6570 	    STRCPY(d, rtable[i]);
6571 	    break;
6572 	}
6573 
6574     if (i < 0)	/* no match in table */
6575     {
6576 	/* Replace "\S" with "/\\S", etc.  Otherwise every tag is matched.
6577 	 * Also replace "\%^" and "\%(", they match every tag too.
6578 	 * Also "\zs", "\z1", etc.
6579 	 * Also "\@<", "\@=", "\@<=", etc.
6580 	 * And also "\_$" and "\_^". */
6581 	if (arg[0] == '\\'
6582 		&& ((arg[1] != NUL && arg[2] == NUL)
6583 		    || (vim_strchr((char_u *)"%_z@", arg[1]) != NULL
6584 							   && arg[2] != NUL)))
6585 	{
6586 	    STRCPY(d, "/\\\\");
6587 	    STRCPY(d + 3, arg + 1);
6588 	    /* Check for "/\\_$", should be "/\\_\$" */
6589 	    if (d[3] == '_' && d[4] == '$')
6590 		STRCPY(d + 4, "\\$");
6591 	}
6592 	else
6593 	{
6594 	  /* Replace:
6595 	   * "[:...:]" with "\[:...:]"
6596 	   * "[++...]" with "\[++...]"
6597 	   * "\{" with "\\{"		   -- matching "} \}"
6598 	   */
6599 	    if ((arg[0] == '[' && (arg[1] == ':'
6600 			 || (arg[1] == '+' && arg[2] == '+')))
6601 		    || (arg[0] == '\\' && arg[1] == '{'))
6602 	      *d++ = '\\';
6603 
6604 	  /*
6605 	   * If tag starts with "('", skip the "(". Fixes CTRL-] on ('option'.
6606 	   */
6607 	  if (*arg == '(' && arg[1] == '\'')
6608 	      arg++;
6609 	  for (s = arg; *s; ++s)
6610 	  {
6611 	    /*
6612 	     * Replace "|" with "bar" and '"' with "quote" to match the name of
6613 	     * the tags for these commands.
6614 	     * Replace "*" with ".*" and "?" with "." to match command line
6615 	     * completion.
6616 	     * Insert a backslash before '~', '$' and '.' to avoid their
6617 	     * special meaning.
6618 	     */
6619 	    if (d - IObuff > IOSIZE - 10)	/* getting too long!? */
6620 		break;
6621 	    switch (*s)
6622 	    {
6623 		case '|':   STRCPY(d, "bar");
6624 			    d += 3;
6625 			    continue;
6626 		case '"':   STRCPY(d, "quote");
6627 			    d += 5;
6628 			    continue;
6629 		case '*':   *d++ = '.';
6630 			    break;
6631 		case '?':   *d++ = '.';
6632 			    continue;
6633 		case '$':
6634 		case '.':
6635 		case '~':   *d++ = '\\';
6636 			    break;
6637 	    }
6638 
6639 	    /*
6640 	     * Replace "^x" by "CTRL-X". Don't do this for "^_" to make
6641 	     * ":help i_^_CTRL-D" work.
6642 	     * Insert '-' before and after "CTRL-X" when applicable.
6643 	     */
6644 	    if (*s < ' ' || (*s == '^' && s[1] && (ASCII_ISALPHA(s[1])
6645 			   || vim_strchr((char_u *)"?@[\\]^", s[1]) != NULL)))
6646 	    {
6647 		if (d > IObuff && d[-1] != '_' && d[-1] != '\\')
6648 		    *d++ = '_';		/* prepend a '_' to make x_CTRL-x */
6649 		STRCPY(d, "CTRL-");
6650 		d += 5;
6651 		if (*s < ' ')
6652 		{
6653 #ifdef EBCDIC
6654 		    *d++ = CtrlChar(*s);
6655 #else
6656 		    *d++ = *s + '@';
6657 #endif
6658 		    if (d[-1] == '\\')
6659 			*d++ = '\\';	/* double a backslash */
6660 		}
6661 		else
6662 		    *d++ = *++s;
6663 		if (s[1] != NUL && s[1] != '_')
6664 		    *d++ = '_';		/* append a '_' */
6665 		continue;
6666 	    }
6667 	    else if (*s == '^')		/* "^" or "CTRL-^" or "^_" */
6668 		*d++ = '\\';
6669 
6670 	    /*
6671 	     * Insert a backslash before a backslash after a slash, for search
6672 	     * pattern tags: "/\|" --> "/\\|".
6673 	     */
6674 	    else if (s[0] == '\\' && s[1] != '\\'
6675 					       && *arg == '/' && s == arg + 1)
6676 		*d++ = '\\';
6677 
6678 	    /* "CTRL-\_" -> "CTRL-\\_" to avoid the special meaning of "\_" in
6679 	     * "CTRL-\_CTRL-N" */
6680 	    if (STRNICMP(s, "CTRL-\\_", 7) == 0)
6681 	    {
6682 		STRCPY(d, "CTRL-\\\\");
6683 		d += 7;
6684 		s += 6;
6685 	    }
6686 
6687 	    *d++ = *s;
6688 
6689 	    /*
6690 	     * If tag contains "({" or "([", tag terminates at the "(".
6691 	     * This is for help on functions, e.g.: abs({expr}).
6692 	     */
6693 	    if (*s == '(' && (s[1] == '{' || s[1] =='['))
6694 		break;
6695 
6696 	    /*
6697 	     * If tag starts with ', toss everything after a second '. Fixes
6698 	     * CTRL-] on 'option'. (would include the trailing '.').
6699 	     */
6700 	    if (*s == '\'' && s > arg && *arg == '\'')
6701 		break;
6702 	    /* Also '{' and '}'. */
6703 	    if (*s == '}' && s > arg && *arg == '{')
6704 		break;
6705 	  }
6706 	  *d = NUL;
6707 
6708 	  if (*IObuff == '`')
6709 	  {
6710 	      if (d > IObuff + 2 && d[-1] == '`')
6711 	      {
6712 		  /* remove the backticks from `command` */
6713 		  mch_memmove(IObuff, IObuff + 1, STRLEN(IObuff));
6714 		  d[-2] = NUL;
6715 	      }
6716 	      else if (d > IObuff + 3 && d[-2] == '`' && d[-1] == ',')
6717 	      {
6718 		  /* remove the backticks and comma from `command`, */
6719 		  mch_memmove(IObuff, IObuff + 1, STRLEN(IObuff));
6720 		  d[-3] = NUL;
6721 	      }
6722 	      else if (d > IObuff + 4 && d[-3] == '`'
6723 					     && d[-2] == '\\' && d[-1] == '.')
6724 	      {
6725 		  /* remove the backticks and dot from `command`\. */
6726 		  mch_memmove(IObuff, IObuff + 1, STRLEN(IObuff));
6727 		  d[-4] = NUL;
6728 	      }
6729 	  }
6730 	}
6731     }
6732 
6733     *matches = (char_u **)"";
6734     *num_matches = 0;
6735     flags = TAG_HELP | TAG_REGEXP | TAG_NAMES | TAG_VERBOSE;
6736     if (keep_lang)
6737 	flags |= TAG_KEEP_LANG;
6738     if (find_tags(IObuff, num_matches, matches, flags, (int)MAXCOL, NULL) == OK
6739 	    && *num_matches > 0)
6740     {
6741 	/* Sort the matches found on the heuristic number that is after the
6742 	 * tag name. */
6743 	qsort((void *)*matches, (size_t)*num_matches,
6744 					      sizeof(char_u *), help_compare);
6745 	/* Delete more than TAG_MANY to reduce the size of the listing. */
6746 	while (*num_matches > TAG_MANY)
6747 	    vim_free((*matches)[--*num_matches]);
6748     }
6749     return OK;
6750 }
6751 
6752 /*
6753  * Called when starting to edit a buffer for a help file.
6754  */
6755     static void
6756 prepare_help_buffer(void)
6757 {
6758     char_u	*p;
6759 
6760     curbuf->b_help = TRUE;
6761 #ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
6762     set_string_option_direct((char_u *)"buftype", -1,
6763 				     (char_u *)"help", OPT_FREE|OPT_LOCAL, 0);
6764 #endif
6765 
6766     /*
6767      * Always set these options after jumping to a help tag, because the
6768      * user may have an autocommand that gets in the way.
6769      * Accept all ASCII chars for keywords, except ' ', '*', '"', '|', and
6770      * latin1 word characters (for translated help files).
6771      * Only set it when needed, buf_init_chartab() is some work.
6772      */
6773     p =
6774 #ifdef EBCDIC
6775 	    (char_u *)"65-255,^*,^|,^\"";
6776 #else
6777 	    (char_u *)"!-~,^*,^|,^\",192-255";
6778 #endif
6779     if (STRCMP(curbuf->b_p_isk, p) != 0)
6780     {
6781 	set_string_option_direct((char_u *)"isk", -1, p, OPT_FREE|OPT_LOCAL, 0);
6782 	check_buf_options(curbuf);
6783 	(void)buf_init_chartab(curbuf, FALSE);
6784     }
6785 
6786 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
6787     /* Don't use the global foldmethod.*/
6788     set_string_option_direct((char_u *)"fdm", -1, (char_u *)"manual",
6789 						       OPT_FREE|OPT_LOCAL, 0);
6790 #endif
6791 
6792     curbuf->b_p_ts = 8;		/* 'tabstop' is 8 */
6793     curwin->w_p_list = FALSE;	/* no list mode */
6794 
6795     curbuf->b_p_ma = FALSE;		/* not modifiable */
6796     curbuf->b_p_bin = FALSE;	/* reset 'bin' before reading file */
6797     curwin->w_p_nu = 0;		/* no line numbers */
6798     curwin->w_p_rnu = 0;		/* no relative line numbers */
6799     RESET_BINDING(curwin);		/* no scroll or cursor binding */
6800 #ifdef FEAT_ARABIC
6801     curwin->w_p_arab = FALSE;	/* no arabic mode */
6802 #endif
6803 #ifdef FEAT_RIGHTLEFT
6804     curwin->w_p_rl  = FALSE;	/* help window is left-to-right */
6805 #endif
6806 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
6807     curwin->w_p_fen = FALSE;	/* No folding in the help window */
6808 #endif
6809 #ifdef FEAT_DIFF
6810     curwin->w_p_diff = FALSE;	/* No 'diff' */
6811 #endif
6812 #ifdef FEAT_SPELL
6813     curwin->w_p_spell = FALSE;	/* No spell checking */
6814 #endif
6815 
6816     set_buflisted(FALSE);
6817 }
6818 
6819 /*
6820  * After reading a help file: May cleanup a help buffer when syntax
6821  * highlighting is not used.
6822  */
6823     void
6824 fix_help_buffer(void)
6825 {
6826     linenr_T	lnum;
6827     char_u	*line;
6828     int		in_example = FALSE;
6829     int		len;
6830     char_u	*fname;
6831     char_u	*p;
6832     char_u	*rt;
6833     int		mustfree;
6834 
6835 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
6836     /* Set filetype to "help" if still needed. */
6837     if (STRCMP(curbuf->b_p_ft, "help") != 0)
6838     {
6839 	++curbuf_lock;
6840 	set_option_value((char_u *)"ft", 0L, (char_u *)"help", OPT_LOCAL);
6841 	--curbuf_lock;
6842     }
6843 #endif
6844 
6845 #ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
6846     if (!syntax_present(curwin))
6847 #endif
6848     {
6849 	for (lnum = 1; lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count; ++lnum)
6850 	{
6851 	    line = ml_get_buf(curbuf, lnum, FALSE);
6852 	    len = (int)STRLEN(line);
6853 	    if (in_example && len > 0 && !VIM_ISWHITE(line[0]))
6854 	    {
6855 		/* End of example: non-white or '<' in first column. */
6856 		if (line[0] == '<')
6857 		{
6858 		    /* blank-out a '<' in the first column */
6859 		    line = ml_get_buf(curbuf, lnum, TRUE);
6860 		    line[0] = ' ';
6861 		}
6862 		in_example = FALSE;
6863 	    }
6864 	    if (!in_example && len > 0)
6865 	    {
6866 		if (line[len - 1] == '>' && (len == 1 || line[len - 2] == ' '))
6867 		{
6868 		    /* blank-out a '>' in the last column (start of example) */
6869 		    line = ml_get_buf(curbuf, lnum, TRUE);
6870 		    line[len - 1] = ' ';
6871 		    in_example = TRUE;
6872 		}
6873 		else if (line[len - 1] == '~')
6874 		{
6875 		    /* blank-out a '~' at the end of line (header marker) */
6876 		    line = ml_get_buf(curbuf, lnum, TRUE);
6877 		    line[len - 1] = ' ';
6878 		}
6879 	    }
6880 	}
6881     }
6882 
6883     /*
6884      * In the "help.txt" and "help.abx" file, add the locally added help
6885      * files.  This uses the very first line in the help file.
6886      */
6887     fname = gettail(curbuf->b_fname);
6888     if (fnamecmp(fname, "help.txt") == 0
6889 #ifdef FEAT_MULTI_LANG
6890 	|| (fnamencmp(fname, "help.", 5) == 0
6891 	    && ASCII_ISALPHA(fname[5])
6892 	    && ASCII_ISALPHA(fname[6])
6893 	    && TOLOWER_ASC(fname[7]) == 'x'
6894 	    && fname[8] == NUL)
6895 #endif
6896 	)
6897     {
6898 	for (lnum = 1; lnum < curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count; ++lnum)
6899 	{
6900 	    line = ml_get_buf(curbuf, lnum, FALSE);
6901 	    if (strstr((char *)line, "*local-additions*") == NULL)
6902 		continue;
6903 
6904 	    /* Go through all directories in 'runtimepath', skipping
6905 	     * $VIMRUNTIME. */
6906 	    p = p_rtp;
6907 	    while (*p != NUL)
6908 	    {
6909 		copy_option_part(&p, NameBuff, MAXPATHL, ",");
6910 		mustfree = FALSE;
6911 		rt = vim_getenv((char_u *)"VIMRUNTIME", &mustfree);
6912 		if (fullpathcmp(rt, NameBuff, FALSE) != FPC_SAME)
6913 		{
6914 		    int		fcount;
6915 		    char_u	**fnames;
6916 		    FILE	*fd;
6917 		    char_u	*s;
6918 		    int		fi;
6919 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
6920 		    vimconv_T	vc;
6921 		    char_u	*cp;
6922 #endif
6923 
6924 		    /* Find all "doc/ *.txt" files in this directory. */
6925 		    add_pathsep(NameBuff);
6926 #ifdef FEAT_MULTI_LANG
6927 		    STRCAT(NameBuff, "doc/*.??[tx]");
6928 #else
6929 		    STRCAT(NameBuff, "doc/*.txt");
6930 #endif
6931 		    if (gen_expand_wildcards(1, &NameBuff, &fcount,
6932 					 &fnames, EW_FILE|EW_SILENT) == OK
6933 			    && fcount > 0)
6934 		    {
6935 #ifdef FEAT_MULTI_LANG
6936 			int	i1;
6937 			int	i2;
6938 			char_u	*f1;
6939 			char_u	*f2;
6940 			char_u	*t1;
6941 			char_u	*e1;
6942 			char_u	*e2;
6943 
6944 			/* If foo.abx is found use it instead of foo.txt in
6945 			 * the same directory. */
6946 			for (i1 = 0; i1 < fcount; ++i1)
6947 			{
6948 			    for (i2 = 0; i2 < fcount; ++i2)
6949 			    {
6950 				if (i1 == i2)
6951 				    continue;
6952 				if (fnames[i1] == NULL || fnames[i2] == NULL)
6953 				    continue;
6954 				f1 = fnames[i1];
6955 				f2 = fnames[i2];
6956 				t1 = gettail(f1);
6957 				if (fnamencmp(f1, f2, t1 - f1) != 0)
6958 				    continue;
6959 				e1 = vim_strrchr(t1, '.');
6960 				e2 = vim_strrchr(gettail(f2), '.');
6961 				if (e1 == NULL || e2 == NULL)
6962 				    continue;
6963 				if (fnamecmp(e1, ".txt") != 0
6964 				    && fnamecmp(e1, fname + 4) != 0)
6965 				{
6966 				    /* Not .txt and not .abx, remove it. */
6967 				    vim_free(fnames[i1]);
6968 				    fnames[i1] = NULL;
6969 				    continue;
6970 				}
6971 				if (fnamencmp(f1, f2, e1 - f1) != 0)
6972 				    continue;
6973 				if (fnamecmp(e1, ".txt") == 0
6974 				    && fnamecmp(e2, fname + 4) == 0)
6975 				{
6976 				    /* use .abx instead of .txt */
6977 				    vim_free(fnames[i1]);
6978 				    fnames[i1] = NULL;
6979 				}
6980 			    }
6981 			}
6982 #endif
6983 			for (fi = 0; fi < fcount; ++fi)
6984 			{
6985 			    if (fnames[fi] == NULL)
6986 				continue;
6987 			    fd = mch_fopen((char *)fnames[fi], "r");
6988 			    if (fd != NULL)
6989 			    {
6990 				vim_fgets(IObuff, IOSIZE, fd);
6991 				if (IObuff[0] == '*'
6992 					&& (s = vim_strchr(IObuff + 1, '*'))
6993 								  != NULL)
6994 				{
6995 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
6996 				    int	this_utf = MAYBE;
6997 #endif
6998 				    /* Change tag definition to a
6999 				     * reference and remove <CR>/<NL>. */
7000 				    IObuff[0] = '|';
7001 				    *s = '|';
7002 				    while (*s != NUL)
7003 				    {
7004 					if (*s == '\r' || *s == '\n')
7005 					    *s = NUL;
7006 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
7007 					/* The text is utf-8 when a byte
7008 					 * above 127 is found and no
7009 					 * illegal byte sequence is found.
7010 					 */
7011 					if (*s >= 0x80 && this_utf != FALSE)
7012 					{
7013 					    int	l;
7014 
7015 					    this_utf = TRUE;
7016 					    l = utf_ptr2len(s);
7017 					    if (l == 1)
7018 						this_utf = FALSE;
7019 					    s += l - 1;
7020 					}
7021 #endif
7022 					++s;
7023 				    }
7024 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
7025 				    /* The help file is latin1 or utf-8;
7026 				     * conversion to the current
7027 				     * 'encoding' may be required. */
7028 				    vc.vc_type = CONV_NONE;
7029 				    convert_setup(&vc, (char_u *)(
7030 						this_utf == TRUE ? "utf-8"
7031 						      : "latin1"), p_enc);
7032 				    if (vc.vc_type == CONV_NONE)
7033 					/* No conversion needed. */
7034 					cp = IObuff;
7035 				    else
7036 				    {
7037 					/* Do the conversion.  If it fails
7038 					 * use the unconverted text. */
7039 					cp = string_convert(&vc, IObuff,
7040 								    NULL);
7041 					if (cp == NULL)
7042 					    cp = IObuff;
7043 				    }
7044 				    convert_setup(&vc, NULL, NULL);
7045 
7046 				    ml_append(lnum, cp, (colnr_T)0, FALSE);
7047 				    if (cp != IObuff)
7048 					vim_free(cp);
7049 #else
7050 				    ml_append(lnum, IObuff, (colnr_T)0,
7051 								   FALSE);
7052 #endif
7053 				    ++lnum;
7054 				}
7055 				fclose(fd);
7056 			    }
7057 			}
7058 			FreeWild(fcount, fnames);
7059 		    }
7060 		}
7061 		if (mustfree)
7062 		    vim_free(rt);
7063 	    }
7064 	    break;
7065 	}
7066     }
7067 }
7068 
7069 /*
7070  * ":exusage"
7071  */
7072     void
7073 ex_exusage(exarg_T *eap UNUSED)
7074 {
7075     do_cmdline_cmd((char_u *)"help ex-cmd-index");
7076 }
7077 
7078 /*
7079  * ":viusage"
7080  */
7081     void
7082 ex_viusage(exarg_T *eap UNUSED)
7083 {
7084     do_cmdline_cmd((char_u *)"help normal-index");
7085 }
7086 
7087 /*
7088  * Generate tags in one help directory.
7089  */
7090     static void
7091 helptags_one(
7092     char_u	*dir,		/* doc directory */
7093     char_u	*ext,		/* suffix, ".txt", ".itx", ".frx", etc. */
7094     char_u	*tagfname,	/* "tags" for English, "tags-fr" for French. */
7095     int		add_help_tags)	/* add "help-tags" tag */
7096 {
7097     FILE	*fd_tags;
7098     FILE	*fd;
7099     garray_T	ga;
7100     int		filecount;
7101     char_u	**files;
7102     char_u	*p1, *p2;
7103     int		fi;
7104     char_u	*s;
7105     int		i;
7106     char_u	*fname;
7107     int		dirlen;
7108 # ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
7109     int		utf8 = MAYBE;
7110     int		this_utf8;
7111     int		firstline;
7112     int		mix = FALSE;	/* detected mixed encodings */
7113 # endif
7114 
7115     /*
7116      * Find all *.txt files.
7117      */
7118     dirlen = (int)STRLEN(dir);
7119     STRCPY(NameBuff, dir);
7120     STRCAT(NameBuff, "/**/*");
7121     STRCAT(NameBuff, ext);
7122     if (gen_expand_wildcards(1, &NameBuff, &filecount, &files,
7123 						    EW_FILE|EW_SILENT) == FAIL
7124 	    || filecount == 0)
7125     {
7126 	if (!got_int)
7127 	    EMSG2(_("E151: No match: %s"), NameBuff);
7128 	return;
7129     }
7130 
7131     /*
7132      * Open the tags file for writing.
7133      * Do this before scanning through all the files.
7134      */
7135     STRCPY(NameBuff, dir);
7136     add_pathsep(NameBuff);
7137     STRCAT(NameBuff, tagfname);
7138     fd_tags = mch_fopen((char *)NameBuff, "w");
7139     if (fd_tags == NULL)
7140     {
7141 	EMSG2(_("E152: Cannot open %s for writing"), NameBuff);
7142 	FreeWild(filecount, files);
7143 	return;
7144     }
7145 
7146     /*
7147      * If using the "++t" argument or generating tags for "$VIMRUNTIME/doc"
7148      * add the "help-tags" tag.
7149      */
7150     ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char_u *), 100);
7151     if (add_help_tags || fullpathcmp((char_u *)"$VIMRUNTIME/doc",
7152 						      dir, FALSE) == FPC_SAME)
7153     {
7154 	if (ga_grow(&ga, 1) == FAIL)
7155 	    got_int = TRUE;
7156 	else
7157 	{
7158 	    s = alloc(18 + (unsigned)STRLEN(tagfname));
7159 	    if (s == NULL)
7160 		got_int = TRUE;
7161 	    else
7162 	    {
7163 		sprintf((char *)s, "help-tags\t%s\t1\n", tagfname);
7164 		((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[ga.ga_len] = s;
7165 		++ga.ga_len;
7166 	    }
7167 	}
7168     }
7169 
7170     /*
7171      * Go over all the files and extract the tags.
7172      */
7173     for (fi = 0; fi < filecount && !got_int; ++fi)
7174     {
7175 	fd = mch_fopen((char *)files[fi], "r");
7176 	if (fd == NULL)
7177 	{
7178 	    EMSG2(_("E153: Unable to open %s for reading"), files[fi]);
7179 	    continue;
7180 	}
7181 	fname = files[fi] + dirlen + 1;
7182 
7183 # ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
7184 	firstline = TRUE;
7185 # endif
7186 	while (!vim_fgets(IObuff, IOSIZE, fd) && !got_int)
7187 	{
7188 # ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
7189 	    if (firstline)
7190 	    {
7191 		/* Detect utf-8 file by a non-ASCII char in the first line. */
7192 		this_utf8 = MAYBE;
7193 		for (s = IObuff; *s != NUL; ++s)
7194 		    if (*s >= 0x80)
7195 		    {
7196 			int l;
7197 
7198 			this_utf8 = TRUE;
7199 			l = utf_ptr2len(s);
7200 			if (l == 1)
7201 			{
7202 			    /* Illegal UTF-8 byte sequence. */
7203 			    this_utf8 = FALSE;
7204 			    break;
7205 			}
7206 			s += l - 1;
7207 		    }
7208 		if (this_utf8 == MAYBE)	    /* only ASCII characters found */
7209 		    this_utf8 = FALSE;
7210 		if (utf8 == MAYBE)	    /* first file */
7211 		    utf8 = this_utf8;
7212 		else if (utf8 != this_utf8)
7213 		{
7214 		    EMSG2(_("E670: Mix of help file encodings within a language: %s"), files[fi]);
7215 		    mix = !got_int;
7216 		    got_int = TRUE;
7217 		}
7218 		firstline = FALSE;
7219 	    }
7220 # endif
7221 	    p1 = vim_strchr(IObuff, '*');	/* find first '*' */
7222 	    while (p1 != NULL)
7223 	    {
7224 		/* Use vim_strbyte() instead of vim_strchr() so that when
7225 		 * 'encoding' is dbcs it still works, don't find '*' in the
7226 		 * second byte. */
7227 		p2 = vim_strbyte(p1 + 1, '*');	/* find second '*' */
7228 		if (p2 != NULL && p2 > p1 + 1)	/* skip "*" and "**" */
7229 		{
7230 		    for (s = p1 + 1; s < p2; ++s)
7231 			if (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t' || *s == '|')
7232 			    break;
7233 
7234 		    /*
7235 		     * Only accept a *tag* when it consists of valid
7236 		     * characters, there is white space before it and is
7237 		     * followed by a white character or end-of-line.
7238 		     */
7239 		    if (s == p2
7240 			    && (p1 == IObuff || p1[-1] == ' ' || p1[-1] == '\t')
7241 			    && (vim_strchr((char_u *)" \t\n\r", s[1]) != NULL
7242 				|| s[1] == '\0'))
7243 		    {
7244 			*p2 = '\0';
7245 			++p1;
7246 			if (ga_grow(&ga, 1) == FAIL)
7247 			{
7248 			    got_int = TRUE;
7249 			    break;
7250 			}
7251 			s = alloc((unsigned)(p2 - p1 + STRLEN(fname) + 2));
7252 			if (s == NULL)
7253 			{
7254 			    got_int = TRUE;
7255 			    break;
7256 			}
7257 			((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[ga.ga_len] = s;
7258 			++ga.ga_len;
7259 			sprintf((char *)s, "%s\t%s", p1, fname);
7260 
7261 			/* find next '*' */
7262 			p2 = vim_strchr(p2 + 1, '*');
7263 		    }
7264 		}
7265 		p1 = p2;
7266 	    }
7267 	    line_breakcheck();
7268 	}
7269 
7270 	fclose(fd);
7271     }
7272 
7273     FreeWild(filecount, files);
7274 
7275     if (!got_int)
7276     {
7277 	/*
7278 	 * Sort the tags.
7279 	 */
7280 	if (ga.ga_data != NULL)
7281 	    sort_strings((char_u **)ga.ga_data, ga.ga_len);
7282 
7283 	/*
7284 	 * Check for duplicates.
7285 	 */
7286 	for (i = 1; i < ga.ga_len; ++i)
7287 	{
7288 	    p1 = ((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[i - 1];
7289 	    p2 = ((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[i];
7290 	    while (*p1 == *p2)
7291 	    {
7292 		if (*p2 == '\t')
7293 		{
7294 		    *p2 = NUL;
7295 		    vim_snprintf((char *)NameBuff, MAXPATHL,
7296 			    _("E154: Duplicate tag \"%s\" in file %s/%s"),
7297 				     ((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[i], dir, p2 + 1);
7298 		    EMSG(NameBuff);
7299 		    *p2 = '\t';
7300 		    break;
7301 		}
7302 		++p1;
7303 		++p2;
7304 	    }
7305 	}
7306 
7307 # ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
7308 	if (utf8 == TRUE)
7309 	    fprintf(fd_tags, "!_TAG_FILE_ENCODING\tutf-8\t//\n");
7310 # endif
7311 
7312 	/*
7313 	 * Write the tags into the file.
7314 	 */
7315 	for (i = 0; i < ga.ga_len; ++i)
7316 	{
7317 	    s = ((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[i];
7318 	    if (STRNCMP(s, "help-tags\t", 10) == 0)
7319 		/* help-tags entry was added in formatted form */
7320 		fputs((char *)s, fd_tags);
7321 	    else
7322 	    {
7323 		fprintf(fd_tags, "%s\t/*", s);
7324 		for (p1 = s; *p1 != '\t'; ++p1)
7325 		{
7326 		    /* insert backslash before '\\' and '/' */
7327 		    if (*p1 == '\\' || *p1 == '/')
7328 			putc('\\', fd_tags);
7329 		    putc(*p1, fd_tags);
7330 		}
7331 		fprintf(fd_tags, "*\n");
7332 	    }
7333 	}
7334     }
7335 #ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
7336     if (mix)
7337 	got_int = FALSE;    /* continue with other languages */
7338 #endif
7339 
7340     for (i = 0; i < ga.ga_len; ++i)
7341 	vim_free(((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[i]);
7342     ga_clear(&ga);
7343     fclose(fd_tags);	    /* there is no check for an error... */
7344 }
7345 
7346 /*
7347  * Generate tags in one help directory, taking care of translations.
7348  */
7349     static void
7350 do_helptags(char_u *dirname, int add_help_tags)
7351 {
7352 #ifdef FEAT_MULTI_LANG
7353     int		len;
7354     int		i, j;
7355     garray_T	ga;
7356     char_u	lang[2];
7357     char_u	ext[5];
7358     char_u	fname[8];
7359     int		filecount;
7360     char_u	**files;
7361 
7362     /* Get a list of all files in the help directory and in subdirectories. */
7363     STRCPY(NameBuff, dirname);
7364     add_pathsep(NameBuff);
7365     STRCAT(NameBuff, "**");
7366     if (gen_expand_wildcards(1, &NameBuff, &filecount, &files,
7367 						    EW_FILE|EW_SILENT) == FAIL
7368 	    || filecount == 0)
7369     {
7370 	EMSG2(_("E151: No match: %s"), NameBuff);
7371 	return;
7372     }
7373 
7374     /* Go over all files in the directory to find out what languages are
7375      * present. */
7376     ga_init2(&ga, 1, 10);
7377     for (i = 0; i < filecount; ++i)
7378     {
7379 	len = (int)STRLEN(files[i]);
7380 	if (len > 4)
7381 	{
7382 	    if (STRICMP(files[i] + len - 4, ".txt") == 0)
7383 	    {
7384 		/* ".txt" -> language "en" */
7385 		lang[0] = 'e';
7386 		lang[1] = 'n';
7387 	    }
7388 	    else if (files[i][len - 4] == '.'
7389 		    && ASCII_ISALPHA(files[i][len - 3])
7390 		    && ASCII_ISALPHA(files[i][len - 2])
7391 		    && TOLOWER_ASC(files[i][len - 1]) == 'x')
7392 	    {
7393 		/* ".abx" -> language "ab" */
7394 		lang[0] = TOLOWER_ASC(files[i][len - 3]);
7395 		lang[1] = TOLOWER_ASC(files[i][len - 2]);
7396 	    }
7397 	    else
7398 		continue;
7399 
7400 	    /* Did we find this language already? */
7401 	    for (j = 0; j < ga.ga_len; j += 2)
7402 		if (STRNCMP(lang, ((char_u *)ga.ga_data) + j, 2) == 0)
7403 		    break;
7404 	    if (j == ga.ga_len)
7405 	    {
7406 		/* New language, add it. */
7407 		if (ga_grow(&ga, 2) == FAIL)
7408 		    break;
7409 		((char_u *)ga.ga_data)[ga.ga_len++] = lang[0];
7410 		((char_u *)ga.ga_data)[ga.ga_len++] = lang[1];
7411 	    }
7412 	}
7413     }
7414 
7415     /*
7416      * Loop over the found languages to generate a tags file for each one.
7417      */
7418     for (j = 0; j < ga.ga_len; j += 2)
7419     {
7420 	STRCPY(fname, "tags-xx");
7421 	fname[5] = ((char_u *)ga.ga_data)[j];
7422 	fname[6] = ((char_u *)ga.ga_data)[j + 1];
7423 	if (fname[5] == 'e' && fname[6] == 'n')
7424 	{
7425 	    /* English is an exception: use ".txt" and "tags". */
7426 	    fname[4] = NUL;
7427 	    STRCPY(ext, ".txt");
7428 	}
7429 	else
7430 	{
7431 	    /* Language "ab" uses ".abx" and "tags-ab". */
7432 	    STRCPY(ext, ".xxx");
7433 	    ext[1] = fname[5];
7434 	    ext[2] = fname[6];
7435 	}
7436 	helptags_one(dirname, ext, fname, add_help_tags);
7437     }
7438 
7439     ga_clear(&ga);
7440     FreeWild(filecount, files);
7441 
7442 #else
7443     /* No language support, just use "*.txt" and "tags". */
7444     helptags_one(dirname, (char_u *)".txt", (char_u *)"tags", add_help_tags);
7445 #endif
7446 }
7447 
7448     static void
7449 helptags_cb(char_u *fname, void *cookie)
7450 {
7451     do_helptags(fname, *(int *)cookie);
7452 }
7453 
7454 /*
7455  * ":helptags"
7456  */
7457     void
7458 ex_helptags(exarg_T *eap)
7459 {
7460     expand_T	xpc;
7461     char_u	*dirname;
7462     int		add_help_tags = FALSE;
7463 
7464     /* Check for ":helptags ++t {dir}". */
7465     if (STRNCMP(eap->arg, "++t", 3) == 0 && VIM_ISWHITE(eap->arg[3]))
7466     {
7467 	add_help_tags = TRUE;
7468 	eap->arg = skipwhite(eap->arg + 3);
7469     }
7470 
7471     if (STRCMP(eap->arg, "ALL") == 0)
7472     {
7473 	do_in_path(p_rtp, (char_u *)"doc", DIP_ALL + DIP_DIR,
7474 						 helptags_cb, &add_help_tags);
7475     }
7476     else
7477     {
7478 	ExpandInit(&xpc);
7479 	xpc.xp_context = EXPAND_DIRECTORIES;
7480 	dirname = ExpandOne(&xpc, eap->arg, NULL,
7481 			    WILD_LIST_NOTFOUND|WILD_SILENT, WILD_EXPAND_FREE);
7482 	if (dirname == NULL || !mch_isdir(dirname))
7483 	    EMSG2(_("E150: Not a directory: %s"), eap->arg);
7484 	else
7485 	    do_helptags(dirname, add_help_tags);
7486 	vim_free(dirname);
7487     }
7488 }
7489 
7490 #if defined(FEAT_SIGNS) || defined(PROTO)
7491 
7492 /*
7493  * Struct to hold the sign properties.
7494  */
7495 typedef struct sign sign_T;
7496 
7497 struct sign
7498 {
7499     sign_T	*sn_next;	/* next sign in list */
7500     int		sn_typenr;	/* type number of sign */
7501     char_u	*sn_name;	/* name of sign */
7502     char_u	*sn_icon;	/* name of pixmap */
7503 # ifdef FEAT_SIGN_ICONS
7504     void	*sn_image;	/* icon image */
7505 # endif
7506     char_u	*sn_text;	/* text used instead of pixmap */
7507     int		sn_line_hl;	/* highlight ID for line */
7508     int		sn_text_hl;	/* highlight ID for text */
7509 };
7510 
7511 static sign_T	*first_sign = NULL;
7512 static int	next_sign_typenr = 1;
7513 
7514 static int sign_cmd_idx(char_u *begin_cmd, char_u *end_cmd);
7515 static void sign_list_defined(sign_T *sp);
7516 static void sign_undefine(sign_T *sp, sign_T *sp_prev);
7517 
7518 static char *cmds[] = {
7519 			"define",
7520 # define SIGNCMD_DEFINE	0
7521 			"undefine",
7522 # define SIGNCMD_UNDEFINE 1
7523 			"list",
7524 # define SIGNCMD_LIST	2
7525 			"place",
7526 # define SIGNCMD_PLACE	3
7527 			"unplace",
7528 # define SIGNCMD_UNPLACE 4
7529 			"jump",
7530 # define SIGNCMD_JUMP	5
7531 			NULL
7532 # define SIGNCMD_LAST	6
7533 };
7534 
7535 /*
7536  * Find index of a ":sign" subcmd from its name.
7537  * "*end_cmd" must be writable.
7538  */
7539     static int
7540 sign_cmd_idx(
7541     char_u	*begin_cmd,	/* begin of sign subcmd */
7542     char_u	*end_cmd)	/* just after sign subcmd */
7543 {
7544     int		idx;
7545     char	save = *end_cmd;
7546 
7547     *end_cmd = NUL;
7548     for (idx = 0; ; ++idx)
7549 	if (cmds[idx] == NULL || STRCMP(begin_cmd, cmds[idx]) == 0)
7550 	    break;
7551     *end_cmd = save;
7552     return idx;
7553 }
7554 
7555 /*
7556  * ":sign" command
7557  */
7558     void
7559 ex_sign(exarg_T *eap)
7560 {
7561     char_u	*arg = eap->arg;
7562     char_u	*p;
7563     int		idx;
7564     sign_T	*sp;
7565     sign_T	*sp_prev;
7566     buf_T	*buf;
7567 
7568     /* Parse the subcommand. */
7569     p = skiptowhite(arg);
7570     idx = sign_cmd_idx(arg, p);
7571     if (idx == SIGNCMD_LAST)
7572     {
7573 	EMSG2(_("E160: Unknown sign command: %s"), arg);
7574 	return;
7575     }
7576     arg = skipwhite(p);
7577 
7578     if (idx <= SIGNCMD_LIST)
7579     {
7580 	/*
7581 	 * Define, undefine or list signs.
7582 	 */
7583 	if (idx == SIGNCMD_LIST && *arg == NUL)
7584 	{
7585 	    /* ":sign list": list all defined signs */
7586 	    for (sp = first_sign; sp != NULL && !got_int; sp = sp->sn_next)
7587 		sign_list_defined(sp);
7588 	}
7589 	else if (*arg == NUL)
7590 	    EMSG(_("E156: Missing sign name"));
7591 	else
7592 	{
7593 	    /* Isolate the sign name.  If it's a number skip leading zeroes,
7594 	     * so that "099" and "99" are the same sign.  But keep "0". */
7595 	    p = skiptowhite(arg);
7596 	    if (*p != NUL)
7597 		*p++ = NUL;
7598 	    while (arg[0] == '0' && arg[1] != NUL)
7599 		++arg;
7600 
7601 	    sp_prev = NULL;
7602 	    for (sp = first_sign; sp != NULL; sp = sp->sn_next)
7603 	    {
7604 		if (STRCMP(sp->sn_name, arg) == 0)
7605 		    break;
7606 		sp_prev = sp;
7607 	    }
7608 	    if (idx == SIGNCMD_DEFINE)
7609 	    {
7610 		/* ":sign define {name} ...": define a sign */
7611 		if (sp == NULL)
7612 		{
7613 		    sign_T	*lp;
7614 		    int		start = next_sign_typenr;
7615 
7616 		    /* Allocate a new sign. */
7617 		    sp = (sign_T *)alloc_clear((unsigned)sizeof(sign_T));
7618 		    if (sp == NULL)
7619 			return;
7620 
7621 		    /* Check that next_sign_typenr is not already being used.
7622 		     * This only happens after wrapping around.  Hopefully
7623 		     * another one got deleted and we can use its number. */
7624 		    for (lp = first_sign; lp != NULL; )
7625 		    {
7626 			if (lp->sn_typenr == next_sign_typenr)
7627 			{
7628 			    ++next_sign_typenr;
7629 			    if (next_sign_typenr == MAX_TYPENR)
7630 				next_sign_typenr = 1;
7631 			    if (next_sign_typenr == start)
7632 			    {
7633 				vim_free(sp);
7634 				EMSG(_("E612: Too many signs defined"));
7635 				return;
7636 			    }
7637 			    lp = first_sign;  /* start all over */
7638 			    continue;
7639 			}
7640 			lp = lp->sn_next;
7641 		    }
7642 
7643 		    sp->sn_typenr = next_sign_typenr;
7644 		    if (++next_sign_typenr == MAX_TYPENR)
7645 			next_sign_typenr = 1; /* wrap around */
7646 
7647 		    sp->sn_name = vim_strsave(arg);
7648 		    if (sp->sn_name == NULL)  /* out of memory */
7649 		    {
7650 			vim_free(sp);
7651 			return;
7652 		    }
7653 
7654 		    /* add the new sign to the list of signs */
7655 		    if (sp_prev == NULL)
7656 			first_sign = sp;
7657 		    else
7658 			sp_prev->sn_next = sp;
7659 		}
7660 
7661 		/* set values for a defined sign. */
7662 		for (;;)
7663 		{
7664 		    arg = skipwhite(p);
7665 		    if (*arg == NUL)
7666 			break;
7667 		    p = skiptowhite_esc(arg);
7668 		    if (STRNCMP(arg, "icon=", 5) == 0)
7669 		    {
7670 			arg += 5;
7671 			vim_free(sp->sn_icon);
7672 			sp->sn_icon = vim_strnsave(arg, (int)(p - arg));
7673 			backslash_halve(sp->sn_icon);
7674 # ifdef FEAT_SIGN_ICONS
7675 			if (gui.in_use)
7676 			{
7677 			    out_flush();
7678 			    if (sp->sn_image != NULL)
7679 				gui_mch_destroy_sign(sp->sn_image);
7680 			    sp->sn_image = gui_mch_register_sign(sp->sn_icon);
7681 			}
7682 # endif
7683 		    }
7684 		    else if (STRNCMP(arg, "text=", 5) == 0)
7685 		    {
7686 			char_u	*s;
7687 			int	cells;
7688 			int	len;
7689 
7690 			arg += 5;
7691 # ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
7692 			/* Count cells and check for non-printable chars */
7693 			if (has_mbyte)
7694 			{
7695 			    cells = 0;
7696 			    for (s = arg; s < p; s += (*mb_ptr2len)(s))
7697 			    {
7698 				if (!vim_isprintc((*mb_ptr2char)(s)))
7699 				    break;
7700 				cells += (*mb_ptr2cells)(s);
7701 			    }
7702 			}
7703 			else
7704 # endif
7705 			{
7706 			    for (s = arg; s < p; ++s)
7707 				if (!vim_isprintc(*s))
7708 				    break;
7709 			    cells = (int)(s - arg);
7710 			}
7711 			/* Currently must be one or two display cells */
7712 			if (s != p || cells < 1 || cells > 2)
7713 			{
7714 			    *p = NUL;
7715 			    EMSG2(_("E239: Invalid sign text: %s"), arg);
7716 			    return;
7717 			}
7718 
7719 			vim_free(sp->sn_text);
7720 			/* Allocate one byte more if we need to pad up
7721 			 * with a space. */
7722 			len = (int)(p - arg + ((cells == 1) ? 1 : 0));
7723 			sp->sn_text = vim_strnsave(arg, len);
7724 
7725 			if (sp->sn_text != NULL && cells == 1)
7726 			    STRCPY(sp->sn_text + len - 1, " ");
7727 		    }
7728 		    else if (STRNCMP(arg, "linehl=", 7) == 0)
7729 		    {
7730 			arg += 7;
7731 			sp->sn_line_hl = syn_check_group(arg, (int)(p - arg));
7732 		    }
7733 		    else if (STRNCMP(arg, "texthl=", 7) == 0)
7734 		    {
7735 			arg += 7;
7736 			sp->sn_text_hl = syn_check_group(arg, (int)(p - arg));
7737 		    }
7738 		    else
7739 		    {
7740 			EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), arg);
7741 			return;
7742 		    }
7743 		}
7744 	    }
7745 	    else if (sp == NULL)
7746 		EMSG2(_("E155: Unknown sign: %s"), arg);
7747 	    else if (idx == SIGNCMD_LIST)
7748 		/* ":sign list {name}" */
7749 		sign_list_defined(sp);
7750 	    else
7751 		/* ":sign undefine {name}" */
7752 		sign_undefine(sp, sp_prev);
7753 	}
7754     }
7755     else
7756     {
7757 	int		id = -1;
7758 	linenr_T	lnum = -1;
7759 	char_u		*sign_name = NULL;
7760 	char_u		*arg1;
7761 
7762 	if (*arg == NUL)
7763 	{
7764 	    if (idx == SIGNCMD_PLACE)
7765 	    {
7766 		/* ":sign place": list placed signs in all buffers */
7767 		sign_list_placed(NULL);
7768 	    }
7769 	    else if (idx == SIGNCMD_UNPLACE)
7770 	    {
7771 		/* ":sign unplace": remove placed sign at cursor */
7772 		id = buf_findsign_id(curwin->w_buffer, curwin->w_cursor.lnum);
7773 		if (id > 0)
7774 		{
7775 		    buf_delsign(curwin->w_buffer, id);
7776 		    update_debug_sign(curwin->w_buffer, curwin->w_cursor.lnum);
7777 		}
7778 		else
7779 		    EMSG(_("E159: Missing sign number"));
7780 	    }
7781 	    else
7782 		EMSG(_(e_argreq));
7783 	    return;
7784 	}
7785 
7786 	if (idx == SIGNCMD_UNPLACE && arg[0] == '*' && arg[1] == NUL)
7787 	{
7788 	    /* ":sign unplace *": remove all placed signs */
7789 	    buf_delete_all_signs();
7790 	    return;
7791 	}
7792 
7793 	/* first arg could be placed sign id */
7794 	arg1 = arg;
7795 	if (VIM_ISDIGIT(*arg))
7796 	{
7797 	    id = getdigits(&arg);
7798 	    if (!VIM_ISWHITE(*arg) && *arg != NUL)
7799 	    {
7800 		id = -1;
7801 		arg = arg1;
7802 	    }
7803 	    else
7804 	    {
7805 		arg = skipwhite(arg);
7806 		if (idx == SIGNCMD_UNPLACE && *arg == NUL)
7807 		{
7808 		    /* ":sign unplace {id}": remove placed sign by number */
7809 		    FOR_ALL_BUFFERS(buf)
7810 			if ((lnum = buf_delsign(buf, id)) != 0)
7811 			    update_debug_sign(buf, lnum);
7812 		    return;
7813 		}
7814 	    }
7815 	}
7816 
7817 	/*
7818 	 * Check for line={lnum} name={name} and file={fname} or buffer={nr}.
7819 	 * Leave "arg" pointing to {fname}.
7820 	 */
7821 	for (;;)
7822 	{
7823 	    if (STRNCMP(arg, "line=", 5) == 0)
7824 	    {
7825 		arg += 5;
7826 		lnum = atoi((char *)arg);
7827 		arg = skiptowhite(arg);
7828 	    }
7829 	    else if (STRNCMP(arg, "*", 1) == 0 && idx == SIGNCMD_UNPLACE)
7830 	    {
7831 		if (id != -1)
7832 		{
7833 		    EMSG(_(e_invarg));
7834 		    return;
7835 		}
7836 		id = -2;
7837 		arg = skiptowhite(arg + 1);
7838 	    }
7839 	    else if (STRNCMP(arg, "name=", 5) == 0)
7840 	    {
7841 		arg += 5;
7842 		sign_name = arg;
7843 		arg = skiptowhite(arg);
7844 		if (*arg != NUL)
7845 		    *arg++ = NUL;
7846 		while (sign_name[0] == '0' && sign_name[1] != NUL)
7847 		    ++sign_name;
7848 	    }
7849 	    else if (STRNCMP(arg, "file=", 5) == 0)
7850 	    {
7851 		arg += 5;
7852 		buf = buflist_findname(arg);
7853 		break;
7854 	    }
7855 	    else if (STRNCMP(arg, "buffer=", 7) == 0)
7856 	    {
7857 		arg += 7;
7858 		buf = buflist_findnr((int)getdigits(&arg));
7859 		if (*skipwhite(arg) != NUL)
7860 		    EMSG(_(e_trailing));
7861 		break;
7862 	    }
7863 	    else
7864 	    {
7865 		EMSG(_(e_invarg));
7866 		return;
7867 	    }
7868 	    arg = skipwhite(arg);
7869 	}
7870 
7871 	if (buf == NULL)
7872 	{
7873 	    EMSG2(_("E158: Invalid buffer name: %s"), arg);
7874 	}
7875 	else if (id <= 0 && !(idx == SIGNCMD_UNPLACE && id == -2))
7876 	{
7877 	    if (lnum >= 0 || sign_name != NULL)
7878 		EMSG(_(e_invarg));
7879 	    else
7880 		/* ":sign place file={fname}": list placed signs in one file */
7881 		sign_list_placed(buf);
7882 	}
7883 	else if (idx == SIGNCMD_JUMP)
7884 	{
7885 	    /* ":sign jump {id} file={fname}" */
7886 	    if (lnum >= 0 || sign_name != NULL)
7887 		EMSG(_(e_invarg));
7888 	    else if ((lnum = buf_findsign(buf, id)) > 0)
7889 	    {				/* goto a sign ... */
7890 		if (buf_jump_open_win(buf) != NULL)
7891 		{			/* ... in a current window */
7892 		    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
7893 		    check_cursor_lnum();
7894 		    beginline(BL_WHITE);
7895 		}
7896 		else
7897 		{			/* ... not currently in a window */
7898 		    char_u	*cmd;
7899 
7900 		    if (buf->b_fname == NULL)
7901 		    {
7902 			EMSG(_("E934: Cannot jump to a buffer that does not have a name"));
7903 			return;
7904 		    }
7905 		    cmd = alloc((unsigned)STRLEN(buf->b_fname) + 25);
7906 		    if (cmd == NULL)
7907 			return;
7908 		    sprintf((char *)cmd, "e +%ld %s", (long)lnum, buf->b_fname);
7909 		    do_cmdline_cmd(cmd);
7910 		    vim_free(cmd);
7911 		}
7912 # ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
7913 		foldOpenCursor();
7914 # endif
7915 	    }
7916 	    else
7917 		EMSGN(_("E157: Invalid sign ID: %ld"), id);
7918 	}
7919 	else if (idx == SIGNCMD_UNPLACE)
7920 	{
7921 	    if (lnum >= 0 || sign_name != NULL)
7922 		EMSG(_(e_invarg));
7923 	    else if (id == -2)
7924 	    {
7925 		/* ":sign unplace * file={fname}" */
7926 		redraw_buf_later(buf, NOT_VALID);
7927 		buf_delete_signs(buf);
7928 	    }
7929 	    else
7930 	    {
7931 		/* ":sign unplace {id} file={fname}" */
7932 		lnum = buf_delsign(buf, id);
7933 		update_debug_sign(buf, lnum);
7934 	    }
7935 	}
7936 	    /* idx == SIGNCMD_PLACE */
7937 	else if (sign_name != NULL)
7938 	{
7939 	    for (sp = first_sign; sp != NULL; sp = sp->sn_next)
7940 		if (STRCMP(sp->sn_name, sign_name) == 0)
7941 		    break;
7942 	    if (sp == NULL)
7943 	    {
7944 		EMSG2(_("E155: Unknown sign: %s"), sign_name);
7945 		return;
7946 	    }
7947 	    if (lnum > 0)
7948 		/* ":sign place {id} line={lnum} name={name} file={fname}":
7949 		 * place a sign */
7950 		buf_addsign(buf, id, lnum, sp->sn_typenr);
7951 	    else
7952 		/* ":sign place {id} file={fname}": change sign type */
7953 		lnum = buf_change_sign_type(buf, id, sp->sn_typenr);
7954 	    if (lnum > 0)
7955 		update_debug_sign(buf, lnum);
7956 	    else
7957 		EMSG2(_("E885: Not possible to change sign %s"), sign_name);
7958 	}
7959 	else
7960 	    EMSG(_(e_invarg));
7961     }
7962 }
7963 
7964 # if defined(FEAT_SIGN_ICONS) || defined(PROTO)
7965 /*
7966  * Allocate the icons.  Called when the GUI has started.  Allows defining
7967  * signs before it starts.
7968  */
7969     void
7970 sign_gui_started(void)
7971 {
7972     sign_T	*sp;
7973 
7974     for (sp = first_sign; sp != NULL; sp = sp->sn_next)
7975 	if (sp->sn_icon != NULL)
7976 	    sp->sn_image = gui_mch_register_sign(sp->sn_icon);
7977 }
7978 # endif
7979 
7980 /*
7981  * List one sign.
7982  */
7983     static void
7984 sign_list_defined(sign_T *sp)
7985 {
7986     char_u	*p;
7987 
7988     smsg((char_u *)"sign %s", sp->sn_name);
7989     if (sp->sn_icon != NULL)
7990     {
7991 	MSG_PUTS(" icon=");
7992 	msg_outtrans(sp->sn_icon);
7993 # ifdef FEAT_SIGN_ICONS
7994 	if (sp->sn_image == NULL)
7995 	    MSG_PUTS(_(" (NOT FOUND)"));
7996 # else
7997 	MSG_PUTS(_(" (not supported)"));
7998 # endif
7999     }
8000     if (sp->sn_text != NULL)
8001     {
8002 	MSG_PUTS(" text=");
8003 	msg_outtrans(sp->sn_text);
8004     }
8005     if (sp->sn_line_hl > 0)
8006     {
8007 	MSG_PUTS(" linehl=");
8008 	p = get_highlight_name_ext(NULL, sp->sn_line_hl - 1, FALSE);
8009 	if (p == NULL)
8010 	    MSG_PUTS("NONE");
8011 	else
8012 	    msg_puts(p);
8013     }
8014     if (sp->sn_text_hl > 0)
8015     {
8016 	MSG_PUTS(" texthl=");
8017 	p = get_highlight_name_ext(NULL, sp->sn_text_hl - 1, FALSE);
8018 	if (p == NULL)
8019 	    MSG_PUTS("NONE");
8020 	else
8021 	    msg_puts(p);
8022     }
8023 }
8024 
8025 /*
8026  * Undefine a sign and free its memory.
8027  */
8028     static void
8029 sign_undefine(sign_T *sp, sign_T *sp_prev)
8030 {
8031     vim_free(sp->sn_name);
8032     vim_free(sp->sn_icon);
8033 # ifdef FEAT_SIGN_ICONS
8034     if (sp->sn_image != NULL)
8035     {
8036 	out_flush();
8037 	gui_mch_destroy_sign(sp->sn_image);
8038     }
8039 # endif
8040     vim_free(sp->sn_text);
8041     if (sp_prev == NULL)
8042 	first_sign = sp->sn_next;
8043     else
8044 	sp_prev->sn_next = sp->sn_next;
8045     vim_free(sp);
8046 }
8047 
8048 /*
8049  * Get highlighting attribute for sign "typenr".
8050  * If "line" is TRUE: line highl, if FALSE: text highl.
8051  */
8052     int
8053 sign_get_attr(int typenr, int line)
8054 {
8055     sign_T	*sp;
8056 
8057     for (sp = first_sign; sp != NULL; sp = sp->sn_next)
8058 	if (sp->sn_typenr == typenr)
8059 	{
8060 	    if (line)
8061 	    {
8062 		if (sp->sn_line_hl > 0)
8063 		    return syn_id2attr(sp->sn_line_hl);
8064 	    }
8065 	    else
8066 	    {
8067 		if (sp->sn_text_hl > 0)
8068 		    return syn_id2attr(sp->sn_text_hl);
8069 	    }
8070 	    break;
8071 	}
8072     return 0;
8073 }
8074 
8075 /*
8076  * Get text mark for sign "typenr".
8077  * Returns NULL if there isn't one.
8078  */
8079     char_u *
8080 sign_get_text(int typenr)
8081 {
8082     sign_T	*sp;
8083 
8084     for (sp = first_sign; sp != NULL; sp = sp->sn_next)
8085 	if (sp->sn_typenr == typenr)
8086 	    return sp->sn_text;
8087     return NULL;
8088 }
8089 
8090 # if defined(FEAT_SIGN_ICONS) || defined(PROTO)
8091     void *
8092 sign_get_image(
8093     int		typenr)		/* the attribute which may have a sign */
8094 {
8095     sign_T	*sp;
8096 
8097     for (sp = first_sign; sp != NULL; sp = sp->sn_next)
8098 	if (sp->sn_typenr == typenr)
8099 	    return sp->sn_image;
8100     return NULL;
8101 }
8102 # endif
8103 
8104 /*
8105  * Get the name of a sign by its typenr.
8106  */
8107     char_u *
8108 sign_typenr2name(int typenr)
8109 {
8110     sign_T	*sp;
8111 
8112     for (sp = first_sign; sp != NULL; sp = sp->sn_next)
8113 	if (sp->sn_typenr == typenr)
8114 	    return sp->sn_name;
8115     return (char_u *)_("[Deleted]");
8116 }
8117 
8118 # if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
8119 /*
8120  * Undefine/free all signs.
8121  */
8122     void
8123 free_signs(void)
8124 {
8125     while (first_sign != NULL)
8126 	sign_undefine(first_sign, NULL);
8127 }
8128 # endif
8129 
8130 # if defined(FEAT_CMDL_COMPL) || defined(PROTO)
8131 static enum
8132 {
8133     EXP_SUBCMD,		/* expand :sign sub-commands */
8134     EXP_DEFINE,		/* expand :sign define {name} args */
8135     EXP_PLACE,		/* expand :sign place {id} args */
8136     EXP_UNPLACE,	/* expand :sign unplace" */
8137     EXP_SIGN_NAMES	/* expand with name of placed signs */
8138 } expand_what;
8139 
8140 /*
8141  * Function given to ExpandGeneric() to obtain the sign command
8142  * expansion.
8143  */
8144     char_u *
8145 get_sign_name(expand_T *xp UNUSED, int idx)
8146 {
8147     sign_T	*sp;
8148     int		current_idx;
8149 
8150     switch (expand_what)
8151     {
8152     case EXP_SUBCMD:
8153 	return (char_u *)cmds[idx];
8154     case EXP_DEFINE:
8155 	{
8156 	    char *define_arg[] =
8157 	    {
8158 		"icon=", "linehl=", "text=", "texthl=", NULL
8159 	    };
8160 	    return (char_u *)define_arg[idx];
8161 	}
8162     case EXP_PLACE:
8163 	{
8164 	    char *place_arg[] =
8165 	    {
8166 		"line=", "name=", "file=", "buffer=", NULL
8167 	    };
8168 	    return (char_u *)place_arg[idx];
8169 	}
8170     case EXP_UNPLACE:
8171 	{
8172 	    char *unplace_arg[] = { "file=", "buffer=", NULL };
8173 	    return (char_u *)unplace_arg[idx];
8174 	}
8175     case EXP_SIGN_NAMES:
8176 	/* Complete with name of signs already defined */
8177 	current_idx = 0;
8178 	for (sp = first_sign; sp != NULL; sp = sp->sn_next)
8179 	    if (current_idx++ == idx)
8180 		return sp->sn_name;
8181 	return NULL;
8182     default:
8183 	return NULL;
8184     }
8185 }
8186 
8187 /*
8188  * Handle command line completion for :sign command.
8189  */
8190     void
8191 set_context_in_sign_cmd(expand_T *xp, char_u *arg)
8192 {
8193     char_u	*p;
8194     char_u	*end_subcmd;
8195     char_u	*last;
8196     int		cmd_idx;
8197     char_u	*begin_subcmd_args;
8198 
8199     /* Default: expand subcommands. */
8200     xp->xp_context = EXPAND_SIGN;
8201     expand_what = EXP_SUBCMD;
8202     xp->xp_pattern = arg;
8203 
8204     end_subcmd = skiptowhite(arg);
8205     if (*end_subcmd == NUL)
8206 	/* expand subcmd name
8207 	 * :sign {subcmd}<CTRL-D>*/
8208 	return;
8209 
8210     cmd_idx = sign_cmd_idx(arg, end_subcmd);
8211 
8212     /* :sign {subcmd} {subcmd_args}
8213      *		      |
8214      *		      begin_subcmd_args */
8215     begin_subcmd_args = skipwhite(end_subcmd);
8216     p = skiptowhite(begin_subcmd_args);
8217     if (*p == NUL)
8218     {
8219 	/*
8220 	 * Expand first argument of subcmd when possible.
8221 	 * For ":jump {id}" and ":unplace {id}", we could
8222 	 * possibly expand the ids of all signs already placed.
8223 	 */
8224 	xp->xp_pattern = begin_subcmd_args;
8225 	switch (cmd_idx)
8226 	{
8227 	    case SIGNCMD_LIST:
8228 	    case SIGNCMD_UNDEFINE:
8229 		/* :sign list <CTRL-D>
8230 		 * :sign undefine <CTRL-D> */
8231 		expand_what = EXP_SIGN_NAMES;
8232 		break;
8233 	    default:
8234 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
8235 	}
8236 	return;
8237     }
8238 
8239     /* expand last argument of subcmd */
8240 
8241     /* :sign define {name} {args}...
8242      *		    |
8243      *		    p */
8244 
8245     /* Loop until reaching last argument. */
8246     do
8247     {
8248 	p = skipwhite(p);
8249 	last = p;
8250 	p = skiptowhite(p);
8251     } while (*p != NUL);
8252 
8253     p = vim_strchr(last, '=');
8254 
8255     /* :sign define {name} {args}... {last}=
8256      *				     |	   |
8257      *				  last	   p */
8258     if (p == NULL)
8259     {
8260 	/* Expand last argument name (before equal sign). */
8261 	xp->xp_pattern = last;
8262 	switch (cmd_idx)
8263 	{
8264 	    case SIGNCMD_DEFINE:
8265 		expand_what = EXP_DEFINE;
8266 		break;
8267 	    case SIGNCMD_PLACE:
8268 		expand_what = EXP_PLACE;
8269 		break;
8270 	    case SIGNCMD_JUMP:
8271 	    case SIGNCMD_UNPLACE:
8272 		expand_what = EXP_UNPLACE;
8273 		break;
8274 	    default:
8275 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
8276 	}
8277     }
8278     else
8279     {
8280 	/* Expand last argument value (after equal sign). */
8281 	xp->xp_pattern = p + 1;
8282 	switch (cmd_idx)
8283 	{
8284 	    case SIGNCMD_DEFINE:
8285 		if (STRNCMP(last, "texthl", p - last) == 0 ||
8286 		    STRNCMP(last, "linehl", p - last) == 0)
8287 		    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_HIGHLIGHT;
8288 		else if (STRNCMP(last, "icon", p - last) == 0)
8289 		    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_FILES;
8290 		else
8291 		    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
8292 		break;
8293 	    case SIGNCMD_PLACE:
8294 		if (STRNCMP(last, "name", p - last) == 0)
8295 		    expand_what = EXP_SIGN_NAMES;
8296 		else
8297 		    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
8298 		break;
8299 	    default:
8300 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
8301 	}
8302     }
8303 }
8304 # endif
8305 #endif
8306 
8307 /*
8308  * Make the user happy.
8309  */
8310     void
8311 ex_smile(exarg_T *eap UNUSED)
8312 {
8313     static char *code[] = {
8314 	"\34 \4o\14$\4ox\30 \2o\30$\1ox\25 \2o\36$\1o\11 \1o\1$\3 \2$\1 \1o\1$x\5 \1o\1 \1$\1 \2o\10 \1o\44$\1o\7 \2$\1 \2$\1 \2$\1o\1$x\2 \2o\1 \1$\1 \1$\1 \1\"\1$\6 \1o\11$\4 \15$\4 \11$\1o\7 \3$\1o\2$\1o\1$x\2 \1\"\6$\1o\1$\5 \1o\11$\6 \13$\6 \12$\1o\4 \10$x\4 \7$\4 \13$\6 \13$\6 \27$x\4 \27$\4 \15$\4 \16$\2 \3\"\3$x\5 \1\"\3$\4\"\61$\5 \1\"\3$x\6 \3$\3 \1o\62$\5 \1\"\3$\1ox\5 \1o\2$\1\"\3 \63$\7 \3$\1ox\5 \3$\4 \55$\1\"\1 \1\"\6$",
8315 	"\5o\4$\1ox\4 \1o\3$\4o\5$\2 \45$\3 \1o\21$x\4 \10$\1\"\4$\3 \42$\5 \4$\10\"x\3 \4\"\7 \4$\4 \1\"\34$\1\"\6 \1o\3$x\16 \1\"\3$\1o\5 \3\"\22$\1\"\2$\1\"\11 \3$x\20 \3$\1o\12 \1\"\2$\2\"\6$\4\"\13 \1o\3$x\21 \4$\1o\40 \1o\3$\1\"x\22 \1\"\4$\1o\6 \1o\6$\1o\1\"\4$\1o\10 \1o\4$x\24 \1\"\5$\2o\5 \2\"\4$\1o\5$\1o\3 \1o\4$\2\"x\27 \2\"\5$\4o\2 \1\"\3$\1o\11$\3\"x\32 \2\"\7$\2o\1 \12$x\42 \4\"\13$x\46 \14$x\47 \12$\1\"x\50 \1\"\3$\4\"x"
8316     };
8317     char *p;
8318     int n;
8319     int i;
8320 
8321     msg_start();
8322     msg_putchar('\n');
8323     for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
8324 	for (p = code[i]; *p != NUL; ++p)
8325 	    if (*p == 'x')
8326 		msg_putchar('\n');
8327 	    else
8328 		for (n = *p++; n > 0; --n)
8329 		    if (*p == 'o' || *p == '$')
8330 			msg_putchar_attr(*p, HL_ATTR(HLF_L));
8331 		    else
8332 			msg_putchar(*p);
8333     msg_clr_eos();
8334 }
8335 
8336 #if defined(FEAT_GUI) || defined(FEAT_CLIENTSERVER) || defined(PROTO)
8337 /*
8338  * ":drop"
8339  * Opens the first argument in a window.  When there are two or more arguments
8340  * the argument list is redefined.
8341  */
8342     void
8343 ex_drop(exarg_T *eap)
8344 {
8345     int		split = FALSE;
8346     win_T	*wp;
8347     buf_T	*buf;
8348 # ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
8349     tabpage_T	*tp;
8350 # endif
8351 
8352     /*
8353      * Check if the first argument is already being edited in a window.  If
8354      * so, jump to that window.
8355      * We would actually need to check all arguments, but that's complicated
8356      * and mostly only one file is dropped.
8357      * This also ignores wildcards, since it is very unlikely the user is
8358      * editing a file name with a wildcard character.
8359      */
8360     set_arglist(eap->arg);
8361 
8362     /*
8363      * Expanding wildcards may result in an empty argument list.  E.g. when
8364      * editing "foo.pyc" and ".pyc" is in 'wildignore'.  Assume that we
8365      * already did an error message for this.
8366      */
8367     if (ARGCOUNT == 0)
8368 	return;
8369 
8370 # ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
8371     if (cmdmod.tab)
8372     {
8373 	/* ":tab drop file ...": open a tab for each argument that isn't
8374 	 * edited in a window yet.  It's like ":tab all" but without closing
8375 	 * windows or tabs. */
8376 	ex_all(eap);
8377     }
8378     else
8379 # endif
8380     {
8381 	/* ":drop file ...": Edit the first argument.  Jump to an existing
8382 	 * window if possible, edit in current window if the current buffer
8383 	 * can be abandoned, otherwise open a new window. */
8384 	buf = buflist_findnr(ARGLIST[0].ae_fnum);
8385 
8386 	FOR_ALL_TAB_WINDOWS(tp, wp)
8387 	{
8388 	    if (wp->w_buffer == buf)
8389 	    {
8390 # ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
8391 		goto_tabpage_win(tp, wp);
8392 # endif
8393 		curwin->w_arg_idx = 0;
8394 		return;
8395 	    }
8396 	}
8397 
8398 	/*
8399 	 * Check whether the current buffer is changed. If so, we will need
8400 	 * to split the current window or data could be lost.
8401 	 * Skip the check if the 'hidden' option is set, as in this case the
8402 	 * buffer won't be lost.
8403 	 */
8404 	if (!buf_hide(curbuf))
8405 	{
8406 # ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
8407 	    ++emsg_off;
8408 # endif
8409 	    split = check_changed(curbuf, CCGD_AW | CCGD_EXCMD);
8410 # ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
8411 	    --emsg_off;
8412 # else
8413 	    if (split)
8414 		return;
8415 # endif
8416 	}
8417 
8418 	/* Fake a ":sfirst" or ":first" command edit the first argument. */
8419 	if (split)
8420 	{
8421 	    eap->cmdidx = CMD_sfirst;
8422 	    eap->cmd[0] = 's';
8423 	}
8424 	else
8425 	    eap->cmdidx = CMD_first;
8426 	ex_rewind(eap);
8427     }
8428 }
8429 #endif
8430 
8431 /*
8432  * Skip over the pattern argument of ":vimgrep /pat/[g][j]".
8433  * Put the start of the pattern in "*s", unless "s" is NULL.
8434  * If "flags" is not NULL put the flags in it: VGR_GLOBAL, VGR_NOJUMP.
8435  * If "s" is not NULL terminate the pattern with a NUL.
8436  * Return a pointer to the char just past the pattern plus flags.
8437  */
8438     char_u *
8439 skip_vimgrep_pat(char_u *p, char_u **s, int *flags)
8440 {
8441     int		c;
8442 
8443     if (vim_isIDc(*p))
8444     {
8445 	/* ":vimgrep pattern fname" */
8446 	if (s != NULL)
8447 	    *s = p;
8448 	p = skiptowhite(p);
8449 	if (s != NULL && *p != NUL)
8450 	    *p++ = NUL;
8451     }
8452     else
8453     {
8454 	/* ":vimgrep /pattern/[g][j] fname" */
8455 	if (s != NULL)
8456 	    *s = p + 1;
8457 	c = *p;
8458 	p = skip_regexp(p + 1, c, TRUE, NULL);
8459 	if (*p != c)
8460 	    return NULL;
8461 
8462 	/* Truncate the pattern. */
8463 	if (s != NULL)
8464 	    *p = NUL;
8465 	++p;
8466 
8467 	/* Find the flags */
8468 	while (*p == 'g' || *p == 'j')
8469 	{
8470 	    if (flags != NULL)
8471 	    {
8472 		if (*p == 'g')
8473 		    *flags |= VGR_GLOBAL;
8474 		else
8475 		    *flags |= VGR_NOJUMP;
8476 	    }
8477 	    ++p;
8478 	}
8479     }
8480     return p;
8481 }
8482 
8483 #if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)
8484 /*
8485  * List v:oldfiles in a nice way.
8486  */
8487     void
8488 ex_oldfiles(exarg_T *eap UNUSED)
8489 {
8490     list_T	*l = get_vim_var_list(VV_OLDFILES);
8491     listitem_T	*li;
8492     int		nr = 0;
8493     char_u	*fname;
8494 
8495     if (l == NULL)
8496 	msg((char_u *)_("No old files"));
8497     else
8498     {
8499 	msg_start();
8500 	msg_scroll = TRUE;
8501 	for (li = l->lv_first; li != NULL && !got_int; li = li->li_next)
8502 	{
8503 	    ++nr;
8504 	    fname = get_tv_string(&li->li_tv);
8505 	    if (!message_filtered(fname))
8506 	    {
8507 		msg_outnum((long)nr);
8508 		MSG_PUTS(": ");
8509 		msg_outtrans(fname);
8510 		msg_clr_eos();
8511 		msg_putchar('\n');
8512 		out_flush();	    /* output one line at a time */
8513 		ui_breakcheck();
8514 	    }
8515 	}
8516 
8517 	/* Assume "got_int" was set to truncate the listing. */
8518 	got_int = FALSE;
8519 
8520 # ifdef FEAT_BROWSE_CMD
8521 	if (cmdmod.browse)
8522 	{
8523 	    quit_more = FALSE;
8524 	    nr = prompt_for_number(FALSE);
8525 	    msg_starthere();
8526 	    if (nr > 0)
8527 	    {
8528 		char_u *p = list_find_str(get_vim_var_list(VV_OLDFILES),
8529 								    (long)nr);
8530 
8531 		if (p != NULL)
8532 		{
8533 		    p = expand_env_save(p);
8534 		    eap->arg = p;
8535 		    eap->cmdidx = CMD_edit;
8536 		    cmdmod.browse = FALSE;
8537 		    do_exedit(eap, NULL);
8538 		    vim_free(p);
8539 		}
8540 	    }
8541 	}
8542 # endif
8543     }
8544 }
8545 #endif
8546