xref: /vim-8.2.3635/src/eval.c (revision 9faec4e3)
1 /* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
2  *
3  * VIM - Vi IMproved	by Bram Moolenaar
4  *
5  * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
6  * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
7  * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
8  */
9 
10 /*
11  * eval.c: Expression evaluation.
12  */
13 #define USING_FLOAT_STUFF
14 
15 #include "vim.h"
16 
17 #if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)
18 
19 #ifdef VMS
20 # include <float.h>
21 #endif
22 
23 #define NAMESPACE_CHAR	(char_u *)"abglstvw"
24 
25 /*
26  * When recursively copying lists and dicts we need to remember which ones we
27  * have done to avoid endless recursiveness.  This unique ID is used for that.
28  * The last bit is used for previous_funccal, ignored when comparing.
29  */
30 static int current_copyID = 0;
31 
32 /*
33  * Info used by a ":for" loop.
34  */
35 typedef struct
36 {
37     int		fi_semicolon;	// TRUE if ending in '; var]'
38     int		fi_varcount;	// nr of variables in the list
39     int		fi_break_count;	// nr of line breaks encountered
40     listwatch_T	fi_lw;		// keep an eye on the item used.
41     list_T	*fi_list;	// list being used
42     int		fi_bi;		// index of blob
43     blob_T	*fi_blob;	// blob being used
44 } forinfo_T;
45 
46 static int tv_op(typval_T *tv1, typval_T *tv2, char_u  *op);
47 static int eval2(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg);
48 static int eval3(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg);
49 static int eval4(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg);
50 static int eval5(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg);
51 static int eval6(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg, int want_string);
52 static int eval7(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg, int want_string);
53 static int eval7_leader(typval_T *rettv, int numeric_only, char_u *start_leader, char_u **end_leaderp);
54 
55 static int free_unref_items(int copyID);
56 static char_u *make_expanded_name(char_u *in_start, char_u *expr_start, char_u *expr_end, char_u *in_end);
57 
58 /*
59  * Return "n1" divided by "n2", taking care of dividing by zero.
60  * If "failed" is not NULL set it to TRUE when dividing by zero fails.
61  */
62 	varnumber_T
63 num_divide(varnumber_T n1, varnumber_T n2, int *failed)
64 {
65     varnumber_T	result;
66 
67     if (n2 == 0)
68     {
69 	if (in_vim9script())
70 	{
71 	    emsg(_(e_divide_by_zero));
72 	    if (failed != NULL)
73 		*failed = TRUE;
74 	}
75 	if (n1 == 0)
76 	    result = VARNUM_MIN; // similar to NaN
77 	else if (n1 < 0)
78 	    result = -VARNUM_MAX;
79 	else
80 	    result = VARNUM_MAX;
81     }
82     else
83 	result = n1 / n2;
84 
85     return result;
86 }
87 
88 /*
89  * Return "n1" modulus "n2", taking care of dividing by zero.
90  * If "failed" is not NULL set it to TRUE when dividing by zero fails.
91  */
92 	varnumber_T
93 num_modulus(varnumber_T n1, varnumber_T n2, int *failed)
94 {
95     if (n2 == 0 && in_vim9script())
96     {
97 	emsg(_(e_divide_by_zero));
98 	if (failed != NULL)
99 	    *failed = TRUE;
100     }
101     return (n2 == 0) ? 0 : (n1 % n2);
102 }
103 
104 #if defined(EBCDIC) || defined(PROTO)
105 /*
106  * Compare struct fst by function name.
107  */
108     static int
109 compare_func_name(const void *s1, const void *s2)
110 {
111     struct fst *p1 = (struct fst *)s1;
112     struct fst *p2 = (struct fst *)s2;
113 
114     return STRCMP(p1->f_name, p2->f_name);
115 }
116 
117 /*
118  * Sort the function table by function name.
119  * The sorting of the table above is ASCII dependent.
120  * On machines using EBCDIC we have to sort it.
121  */
122     static void
123 sortFunctions(void)
124 {
125     int		funcCnt = (int)(sizeof(functions) / sizeof(struct fst)) - 1;
126 
127     qsort(functions, (size_t)funcCnt, sizeof(struct fst), compare_func_name);
128 }
129 #endif
130 
131 /*
132  * Initialize the global and v: variables.
133  */
134     void
135 eval_init(void)
136 {
137     evalvars_init();
138     func_init();
139 
140 #ifdef EBCDIC
141     /*
142      * Sort the function table, to enable binary search.
143      */
144     sortFunctions();
145 #endif
146 }
147 
148 #if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
149     void
150 eval_clear(void)
151 {
152     evalvars_clear();
153     free_scriptnames();  // must come after evalvars_clear().
154     free_locales();
155 
156     // autoloaded script names
157     free_autoload_scriptnames();
158 
159     // unreferenced lists and dicts
160     (void)garbage_collect(FALSE);
161 
162     // functions not garbage collected
163     free_all_functions();
164 }
165 #endif
166 
167     void
168 fill_evalarg_from_eap(evalarg_T *evalarg, exarg_T *eap, int skip)
169 {
170     CLEAR_FIELD(*evalarg);
171     evalarg->eval_flags = skip ? 0 : EVAL_EVALUATE;
172     if (eap != NULL && getline_equal(eap->getline, eap->cookie, getsourceline))
173     {
174 	evalarg->eval_getline = eap->getline;
175 	evalarg->eval_cookie = eap->cookie;
176     }
177 }
178 
179 /*
180  * Top level evaluation function, returning a boolean.
181  * Sets "error" to TRUE if there was an error.
182  * Return TRUE or FALSE.
183  */
184     int
185 eval_to_bool(
186     char_u	*arg,
187     int		*error,
188     exarg_T	*eap,
189     int		skip)	    // only parse, don't execute
190 {
191     typval_T	tv;
192     varnumber_T	retval = FALSE;
193     evalarg_T	evalarg;
194 
195     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, skip);
196 
197     if (skip)
198 	++emsg_skip;
199     if (eval0(arg, &tv, eap, &evalarg) == FAIL)
200 	*error = TRUE;
201     else
202     {
203 	*error = FALSE;
204 	if (!skip)
205 	{
206 	    if (in_vim9script())
207 		retval = tv_get_bool_chk(&tv, error);
208 	    else
209 		retval = (tv_get_number_chk(&tv, error) != 0);
210 	    clear_tv(&tv);
211 	}
212     }
213     if (skip)
214 	--emsg_skip;
215     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, eap);
216 
217     return (int)retval;
218 }
219 
220 /*
221  * Call eval1() and give an error message if not done at a lower level.
222  */
223     static int
224 eval1_emsg(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, exarg_T *eap)
225 {
226     char_u	*start = *arg;
227     int		ret;
228     int		did_emsg_before = did_emsg;
229     int		called_emsg_before = called_emsg;
230     evalarg_T	evalarg;
231 
232     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, eap != NULL && eap->skip);
233 
234     ret = eval1(arg, rettv, &evalarg);
235     if (ret == FAIL)
236     {
237 	// Report the invalid expression unless the expression evaluation has
238 	// been cancelled due to an aborting error, an interrupt, or an
239 	// exception, or we already gave a more specific error.
240 	// Also check called_emsg for when using assert_fails().
241 	if (!aborting() && did_emsg == did_emsg_before
242 					  && called_emsg == called_emsg_before)
243 	    semsg(_(e_invexpr2), start);
244     }
245     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, eap);
246     return ret;
247 }
248 
249 /*
250  * Return whether a typval is a valid expression to pass to eval_expr_typval()
251  * or eval_expr_to_bool().  An empty string returns FALSE;
252  */
253     int
254 eval_expr_valid_arg(typval_T *tv)
255 {
256     return tv->v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
257 	    && (tv->v_type != VAR_STRING
258 		  || (tv->vval.v_string != NULL && *tv->vval.v_string != NUL));
259 }
260 
261 /*
262  * Evaluate an expression, which can be a function, partial or string.
263  * Pass arguments "argv[argc]".
264  * Return the result in "rettv" and OK or FAIL.
265  */
266     int
267 eval_expr_typval(typval_T *expr, typval_T *argv, int argc, typval_T *rettv)
268 {
269     char_u	*s;
270     char_u	buf[NUMBUFLEN];
271     funcexe_T	funcexe;
272 
273     if (expr->v_type == VAR_FUNC)
274     {
275 	s = expr->vval.v_string;
276 	if (s == NULL || *s == NUL)
277 	    return FAIL;
278 	CLEAR_FIELD(funcexe);
279 	funcexe.evaluate = TRUE;
280 	if (call_func(s, -1, rettv, argc, argv, &funcexe) == FAIL)
281 	    return FAIL;
282     }
283     else if (expr->v_type == VAR_PARTIAL)
284     {
285 	partial_T   *partial = expr->vval.v_partial;
286 
287 	if (partial == NULL)
288 	    return FAIL;
289 
290 	if (partial->pt_func != NULL
291 			  && partial->pt_func->uf_def_status != UF_NOT_COMPILED)
292 	{
293 	    if (call_def_function(partial->pt_func, argc, argv,
294 						       partial, rettv) == FAIL)
295 		return FAIL;
296 	}
297 	else
298 	{
299 	    s = partial_name(partial);
300 	    if (s == NULL || *s == NUL)
301 		return FAIL;
302 	    CLEAR_FIELD(funcexe);
303 	    funcexe.evaluate = TRUE;
304 	    funcexe.partial = partial;
305 	    if (call_func(s, -1, rettv, argc, argv, &funcexe) == FAIL)
306 		return FAIL;
307 	}
308     }
309     else
310     {
311 	s = tv_get_string_buf_chk(expr, buf);
312 	if (s == NULL)
313 	    return FAIL;
314 	s = skipwhite(s);
315 	if (eval1_emsg(&s, rettv, NULL) == FAIL)
316 	    return FAIL;
317 	if (*skipwhite(s) != NUL)  // check for trailing chars after expr
318 	{
319 	    clear_tv(rettv);
320 	    semsg(_(e_invexpr2), s);
321 	    return FAIL;
322 	}
323     }
324     return OK;
325 }
326 
327 /*
328  * Like eval_to_bool() but using a typval_T instead of a string.
329  * Works for string, funcref and partial.
330  */
331     int
332 eval_expr_to_bool(typval_T *expr, int *error)
333 {
334     typval_T	rettv;
335     int		res;
336 
337     if (eval_expr_typval(expr, NULL, 0, &rettv) == FAIL)
338     {
339 	*error = TRUE;
340 	return FALSE;
341     }
342     res = (tv_get_bool_chk(&rettv, error) != 0);
343     clear_tv(&rettv);
344     return res;
345 }
346 
347 /*
348  * Top level evaluation function, returning a string.  If "skip" is TRUE,
349  * only parsing to "nextcmd" is done, without reporting errors.  Return
350  * pointer to allocated memory, or NULL for failure or when "skip" is TRUE.
351  */
352     char_u *
353 eval_to_string_skip(
354     char_u	*arg,
355     exarg_T	*eap,
356     int		skip)	    // only parse, don't execute
357 {
358     typval_T	tv;
359     char_u	*retval;
360     evalarg_T	evalarg;
361 
362     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, skip);
363     if (skip)
364 	++emsg_skip;
365     if (eval0(arg, &tv, eap, &evalarg) == FAIL || skip)
366 	retval = NULL;
367     else
368     {
369 	retval = vim_strsave(tv_get_string(&tv));
370 	clear_tv(&tv);
371     }
372     if (skip)
373 	--emsg_skip;
374     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, eap);
375 
376     return retval;
377 }
378 
379 /*
380  * Skip over an expression at "*pp".
381  * Return FAIL for an error, OK otherwise.
382  */
383     int
384 skip_expr(char_u **pp, evalarg_T *evalarg)
385 {
386     typval_T	rettv;
387 
388     *pp = skipwhite(*pp);
389     return eval1(pp, &rettv, evalarg);
390 }
391 
392 /*
393  * Skip over an expression at "*pp".
394  * If in Vim9 script and line breaks are encountered, the lines are
395  * concatenated.  "evalarg->eval_tofree" will be set accordingly.
396  * "arg" is advanced to just after the expression.
397  * "start" is set to the start of the expression, "end" to just after the end.
398  * Also when the expression is copied to allocated memory.
399  * Return FAIL for an error, OK otherwise.
400  */
401     int
402 skip_expr_concatenate(
403 	char_u	    **arg,
404 	char_u	    **start,
405 	char_u	    **end,
406 	evalarg_T   *evalarg)
407 {
408     typval_T	rettv;
409     int		res;
410     int		vim9script = in_vim9script();
411     garray_T    *gap = evalarg == NULL ? NULL : &evalarg->eval_ga;
412     int		save_flags = evalarg == NULL ? 0 : evalarg->eval_flags;
413     int		evaluate = evalarg == NULL
414 			       ? FALSE : (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
415 
416     if (vim9script && evaluate
417 	       && (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL || evalarg->eval_cctx != NULL))
418     {
419 	ga_init2(gap, sizeof(char_u *), 10);
420 	// leave room for "start"
421 	if (ga_grow(gap, 1) == OK)
422 	    ++gap->ga_len;
423     }
424     *start = *arg;
425 
426     // Don't evaluate the expression.
427     if (evalarg != NULL)
428 	evalarg->eval_flags &= ~EVAL_EVALUATE;
429     *arg = skipwhite(*arg);
430     res = eval1(arg, &rettv, evalarg);
431     *end = *arg;
432     if (evalarg != NULL)
433 	evalarg->eval_flags = save_flags;
434 
435     if (vim9script && evaluate
436 	    && (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL || evalarg->eval_cctx != NULL))
437     {
438 	if (evalarg->eval_ga.ga_len == 1)
439 	{
440 	    // just one line, no need to concatenate
441 	    ga_clear(gap);
442 	    gap->ga_itemsize = 0;
443 	}
444 	else
445 	{
446 	    char_u	    *p;
447 	    size_t	    endoff = STRLEN(*arg);
448 
449 	    // Line breaks encountered, concatenate all the lines.
450 	    *((char_u **)gap->ga_data) = *start;
451 	    p = ga_concat_strings(gap, "");
452 
453 	    // free the lines only when using getsourceline()
454 	    if (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL)
455 	    {
456 		// Do not free the first line, the caller can still use it.
457 		*((char_u **)gap->ga_data) = NULL;
458 		// Do not free the last line, "arg" points into it, free it
459 		// later.
460 		vim_free(evalarg->eval_tofree);
461 		evalarg->eval_tofree =
462 				    ((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len - 1];
463 		((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len - 1] = NULL;
464 		ga_clear_strings(gap);
465 	    }
466 	    else
467 		ga_clear(gap);
468 	    gap->ga_itemsize = 0;
469 	    if (p == NULL)
470 		return FAIL;
471 	    *start = p;
472 	    vim_free(evalarg->eval_tofree_lambda);
473 	    evalarg->eval_tofree_lambda = p;
474 	    // Compute "end" relative to the end.
475 	    *end = *start + STRLEN(*start) - endoff;
476 	}
477     }
478 
479     return res;
480 }
481 
482 /*
483  * Convert "tv" to a string.
484  * When "convert" is TRUE convert a List into a sequence of lines and convert
485  * a Float to a String.
486  * Returns an allocated string (NULL when out of memory).
487  */
488     char_u *
489 typval2string(typval_T *tv, int convert)
490 {
491     garray_T	ga;
492     char_u	*retval;
493 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
494     char_u	numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
495 #endif
496 
497     if (convert && tv->v_type == VAR_LIST)
498     {
499 	ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char), 80);
500 	if (tv->vval.v_list != NULL)
501 	{
502 	    list_join(&ga, tv->vval.v_list, (char_u *)"\n", TRUE, FALSE, 0);
503 	    if (tv->vval.v_list->lv_len > 0)
504 		ga_append(&ga, NL);
505 	}
506 	ga_append(&ga, NUL);
507 	retval = (char_u *)ga.ga_data;
508     }
509 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
510     else if (convert && tv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
511     {
512 	vim_snprintf((char *)numbuf, NUMBUFLEN, "%g", tv->vval.v_float);
513 	retval = vim_strsave(numbuf);
514     }
515 #endif
516     else
517 	retval = vim_strsave(tv_get_string(tv));
518     return retval;
519 }
520 
521 /*
522  * Top level evaluation function, returning a string.  Does not handle line
523  * breaks.
524  * When "convert" is TRUE convert a List into a sequence of lines and convert
525  * a Float to a String.
526  * Return pointer to allocated memory, or NULL for failure.
527  */
528     char_u *
529 eval_to_string_eap(
530     char_u	*arg,
531     int		convert,
532     exarg_T	*eap)
533 {
534     typval_T	tv;
535     char_u	*retval;
536     evalarg_T	evalarg;
537 
538     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, eap != NULL && eap->skip);
539     if (eval0(arg, &tv, NULL, &evalarg) == FAIL)
540 	retval = NULL;
541     else
542     {
543 	retval = typval2string(&tv, convert);
544 	clear_tv(&tv);
545     }
546     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, NULL);
547 
548     return retval;
549 }
550 
551     char_u *
552 eval_to_string(
553     char_u	*arg,
554     int		convert)
555 {
556     return eval_to_string_eap(arg, convert, NULL);
557 }
558 
559 /*
560  * Call eval_to_string() without using current local variables and using
561  * textwinlock.  When "use_sandbox" is TRUE use the sandbox.
562  * Use legacy Vim script syntax.
563  */
564     char_u *
565 eval_to_string_safe(
566     char_u	*arg,
567     int		use_sandbox)
568 {
569     char_u	*retval;
570     funccal_entry_T funccal_entry;
571     int		save_sc_version = current_sctx.sc_version;
572 
573     current_sctx.sc_version = 1;
574     save_funccal(&funccal_entry);
575     if (use_sandbox)
576 	++sandbox;
577     ++textwinlock;
578     retval = eval_to_string(arg, FALSE);
579     if (use_sandbox)
580 	--sandbox;
581     --textwinlock;
582     restore_funccal();
583     current_sctx.sc_version = save_sc_version;
584     return retval;
585 }
586 
587 /*
588  * Top level evaluation function, returning a number.
589  * Evaluates "expr" silently.
590  * Returns -1 for an error.
591  */
592     varnumber_T
593 eval_to_number(char_u *expr)
594 {
595     typval_T	rettv;
596     varnumber_T	retval;
597     char_u	*p = skipwhite(expr);
598 
599     ++emsg_off;
600 
601     if (eval1(&p, &rettv, &EVALARG_EVALUATE) == FAIL)
602 	retval = -1;
603     else
604     {
605 	retval = tv_get_number_chk(&rettv, NULL);
606 	clear_tv(&rettv);
607     }
608     --emsg_off;
609 
610     return retval;
611 }
612 
613 /*
614  * Top level evaluation function.
615  * Returns an allocated typval_T with the result.
616  * Returns NULL when there is an error.
617  */
618     typval_T *
619 eval_expr(char_u *arg, exarg_T *eap)
620 {
621     typval_T	*tv;
622     evalarg_T	evalarg;
623 
624     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, eap != NULL && eap->skip);
625 
626     tv = ALLOC_ONE(typval_T);
627     if (tv != NULL && eval0(arg, tv, eap, &evalarg) == FAIL)
628 	VIM_CLEAR(tv);
629 
630     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, eap);
631     return tv;
632 }
633 
634 /*
635  * Call some Vim script function and return the result in "*rettv".
636  * Uses argv[0] to argv[argc - 1] for the function arguments.  argv[argc]
637  * should have type VAR_UNKNOWN.
638  * Returns OK or FAIL.
639  */
640     int
641 call_vim_function(
642     char_u      *func,
643     int		argc,
644     typval_T	*argv,
645     typval_T	*rettv)
646 {
647     int		ret;
648     funcexe_T	funcexe;
649 
650     rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;		// clear_tv() uses this
651     CLEAR_FIELD(funcexe);
652     funcexe.firstline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
653     funcexe.lastline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
654     funcexe.evaluate = TRUE;
655     ret = call_func(func, -1, rettv, argc, argv, &funcexe);
656     if (ret == FAIL)
657 	clear_tv(rettv);
658 
659     return ret;
660 }
661 
662 /*
663  * Call Vim script function "func" and return the result as a number.
664  * Returns -1 when calling the function fails.
665  * Uses argv[0] to argv[argc - 1] for the function arguments. argv[argc] should
666  * have type VAR_UNKNOWN.
667  */
668     varnumber_T
669 call_func_retnr(
670     char_u      *func,
671     int		argc,
672     typval_T	*argv)
673 {
674     typval_T	rettv;
675     varnumber_T	retval;
676 
677     if (call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, &rettv) == FAIL)
678 	return -1;
679 
680     retval = tv_get_number_chk(&rettv, NULL);
681     clear_tv(&rettv);
682     return retval;
683 }
684 
685 /*
686  * Call Vim script function like call_func_retnr() and drop the result.
687  * Returns FAIL when calling the function fails.
688  */
689     int
690 call_func_noret(
691     char_u      *func,
692     int		argc,
693     typval_T	*argv)
694 {
695     typval_T	rettv;
696 
697     if (call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, &rettv) == FAIL)
698 	return FAIL;
699     clear_tv(&rettv);
700     return OK;
701 }
702 
703 /*
704  * Call Vim script function "func" and return the result as a string.
705  * Uses "argv" and "argc" as call_func_retnr().
706  * Returns NULL when calling the function fails.
707  */
708     void *
709 call_func_retstr(
710     char_u      *func,
711     int		argc,
712     typval_T	*argv)
713 {
714     typval_T	rettv;
715     char_u	*retval;
716 
717     if (call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, &rettv) == FAIL)
718 	return NULL;
719 
720     retval = vim_strsave(tv_get_string(&rettv));
721     clear_tv(&rettv);
722     return retval;
723 }
724 
725 /*
726  * Call Vim script function "func" and return the result as a List.
727  * Uses "argv" and "argc" as call_func_retnr().
728  * Returns NULL when there is something wrong.
729  */
730     void *
731 call_func_retlist(
732     char_u      *func,
733     int		argc,
734     typval_T	*argv)
735 {
736     typval_T	rettv;
737 
738     if (call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, &rettv) == FAIL)
739 	return NULL;
740 
741     if (rettv.v_type != VAR_LIST)
742     {
743 	clear_tv(&rettv);
744 	return NULL;
745     }
746 
747     return rettv.vval.v_list;
748 }
749 
750 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
751 /*
752  * Evaluate "arg", which is 'foldexpr'.
753  * Note: caller must set "curwin" to match "arg".
754  * Returns the foldlevel, and any character preceding it in "*cp".  Doesn't
755  * give error messages.
756  */
757     int
758 eval_foldexpr(char_u *arg, int *cp)
759 {
760     typval_T	tv;
761     varnumber_T	retval;
762     char_u	*s;
763     int		use_sandbox = was_set_insecurely((char_u *)"foldexpr",
764 								   OPT_LOCAL);
765 
766     ++emsg_off;
767     if (use_sandbox)
768 	++sandbox;
769     ++textwinlock;
770     *cp = NUL;
771     if (eval0(arg, &tv, NULL, &EVALARG_EVALUATE) == FAIL)
772 	retval = 0;
773     else
774     {
775 	// If the result is a number, just return the number.
776 	if (tv.v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
777 	    retval = tv.vval.v_number;
778 	else if (tv.v_type != VAR_STRING || tv.vval.v_string == NULL)
779 	    retval = 0;
780 	else
781 	{
782 	    // If the result is a string, check if there is a non-digit before
783 	    // the number.
784 	    s = tv.vval.v_string;
785 	    if (!VIM_ISDIGIT(*s) && *s != '-')
786 		*cp = *s++;
787 	    retval = atol((char *)s);
788 	}
789 	clear_tv(&tv);
790     }
791     --emsg_off;
792     if (use_sandbox)
793 	--sandbox;
794     --textwinlock;
795     clear_evalarg(&EVALARG_EVALUATE, NULL);
796 
797     return (int)retval;
798 }
799 #endif
800 
801 /*
802  * Get an lval: variable, Dict item or List item that can be assigned a value
803  * to: "name", "na{me}", "name[expr]", "name[expr:expr]", "name[expr][expr]",
804  * "name.key", "name.key[expr]" etc.
805  * Indexing only works if "name" is an existing List or Dictionary.
806  * "name" points to the start of the name.
807  * If "rettv" is not NULL it points to the value to be assigned.
808  * "unlet" is TRUE for ":unlet": slightly different behavior when something is
809  * wrong; must end in space or cmd separator.
810  *
811  * flags:
812  *  GLV_QUIET:       do not give error messages
813  *  GLV_READ_ONLY:   will not change the variable
814  *  GLV_NO_AUTOLOAD: do not use script autoloading
815  *
816  * Returns a pointer to just after the name, including indexes.
817  * When an evaluation error occurs "lp->ll_name" is NULL;
818  * Returns NULL for a parsing error.  Still need to free items in "lp"!
819  */
820     char_u *
821 get_lval(
822     char_u	*name,
823     typval_T	*rettv,
824     lval_T	*lp,
825     int		unlet,
826     int		skip,
827     int		flags,	    // GLV_ values
828     int		fne_flags)  // flags for find_name_end()
829 {
830     char_u	*p;
831     char_u	*expr_start, *expr_end;
832     int		cc;
833     dictitem_T	*v;
834     typval_T	var1;
835     typval_T	var2;
836     int		empty1 = FALSE;
837     listitem_T	*ni;
838     char_u	*key = NULL;
839     int		len;
840     hashtab_T	*ht = NULL;
841     int		quiet = flags & GLV_QUIET;
842     int		writing;
843 
844     // Clear everything in "lp".
845     CLEAR_POINTER(lp);
846 
847     if (skip || (flags & GLV_COMPILING))
848     {
849 	// When skipping or compiling just find the end of the name.
850 	lp->ll_name = name;
851 	lp->ll_name_end = find_name_end(name, NULL, NULL,
852 						      FNE_INCL_BR | fne_flags);
853 	return lp->ll_name_end;
854     }
855 
856     // Find the end of the name.
857     p = find_name_end(name, &expr_start, &expr_end, fne_flags);
858     lp->ll_name_end = p;
859     if (expr_start != NULL)
860     {
861 	// Don't expand the name when we already know there is an error.
862 	if (unlet && !VIM_ISWHITE(*p) && !ends_excmd(*p)
863 						    && *p != '[' && *p != '.')
864 	{
865 	    semsg(_(e_trailing_arg), p);
866 	    return NULL;
867 	}
868 
869 	lp->ll_exp_name = make_expanded_name(name, expr_start, expr_end, p);
870 	if (lp->ll_exp_name == NULL)
871 	{
872 	    // Report an invalid expression in braces, unless the
873 	    // expression evaluation has been cancelled due to an
874 	    // aborting error, an interrupt, or an exception.
875 	    if (!aborting() && !quiet)
876 	    {
877 		emsg_severe = TRUE;
878 		semsg(_(e_invarg2), name);
879 		return NULL;
880 	    }
881 	}
882 	lp->ll_name = lp->ll_exp_name;
883     }
884     else
885     {
886 	lp->ll_name = name;
887 
888 	if (in_vim9script())
889 	{
890 	    // "a: type" is declaring variable "a" with a type, not "a:".
891 	    if (p == name + 2 && p[-1] == ':')
892 	    {
893 		--p;
894 		lp->ll_name_end = p;
895 	    }
896 	    if (*p == ':')
897 	    {
898 		scriptitem_T *si = SCRIPT_ITEM(current_sctx.sc_sid);
899 		char_u	 *tp = skipwhite(p + 1);
900 
901 		// parse the type after the name
902 		lp->ll_type = parse_type(&tp, &si->sn_type_list, !quiet);
903 		if (lp->ll_type == NULL && !quiet)
904 		    return NULL;
905 		lp->ll_name_end = tp;
906 	    }
907 	}
908     }
909 
910     // Without [idx] or .key we are done.
911     if ((*p != '[' && *p != '.') || lp->ll_name == NULL)
912 	return p;
913 
914     cc = *p;
915     *p = NUL;
916     // When we would write to the variable pass &ht and prevent autoload.
917     writing = !(flags & GLV_READ_ONLY);
918     v = find_var(lp->ll_name, writing ? &ht : NULL,
919 					 (flags & GLV_NO_AUTOLOAD) || writing);
920     if (v == NULL && !quiet)
921 	semsg(_(e_undefined_variable_str), lp->ll_name);
922     *p = cc;
923     if (v == NULL)
924 	return NULL;
925 
926     if (in_vim9script() && (flags & GLV_NO_DECL) == 0)
927     {
928 	if (!quiet)
929 	    semsg(_(e_variable_already_declared), lp->ll_name);
930 	return NULL;
931     }
932 
933     /*
934      * Loop until no more [idx] or .key is following.
935      */
936     lp->ll_tv = &v->di_tv;
937     var1.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
938     var2.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
939     while (*p == '[' || (*p == '.' && lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT))
940     {
941 	if (!(lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_LIST && lp->ll_tv->vval.v_list != NULL)
942 		&& !(lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
943 		&& !(lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_BLOB
944 					   && lp->ll_tv->vval.v_blob != NULL))
945 	{
946 	    if (!quiet)
947 		emsg(_("E689: Can only index a List, Dictionary or Blob"));
948 	    return NULL;
949 	}
950 	if (lp->ll_range)
951 	{
952 	    if (!quiet)
953 		emsg(_("E708: [:] must come last"));
954 	    return NULL;
955 	}
956 
957 	if (in_vim9script() && lp->ll_valtype == NULL
958 		&& lp->ll_tv == &v->di_tv
959 		&& ht != NULL && ht == get_script_local_ht())
960 	{
961 	    svar_T  *sv = find_typval_in_script(lp->ll_tv);
962 
963 	    // Vim9 script local variable: get the type
964 	    if (sv != NULL)
965 		lp->ll_valtype = sv->sv_type;
966 	}
967 
968 	len = -1;
969 	if (*p == '.')
970 	{
971 	    key = p + 1;
972 	    for (len = 0; ASCII_ISALNUM(key[len]) || key[len] == '_'; ++len)
973 		;
974 	    if (len == 0)
975 	    {
976 		if (!quiet)
977 		    emsg(_(e_emptykey));
978 		return NULL;
979 	    }
980 	    p = key + len;
981 	}
982 	else
983 	{
984 	    // Get the index [expr] or the first index [expr: ].
985 	    p = skipwhite(p + 1);
986 	    if (*p == ':')
987 		empty1 = TRUE;
988 	    else
989 	    {
990 		empty1 = FALSE;
991 		if (eval1(&p, &var1, &EVALARG_EVALUATE) == FAIL)  // recursive!
992 		    return NULL;
993 		if (tv_get_string_chk(&var1) == NULL)
994 		{
995 		    // not a number or string
996 		    clear_tv(&var1);
997 		    return NULL;
998 		}
999 		p = skipwhite(p);
1000 	    }
1001 
1002 	    // Optionally get the second index [ :expr].
1003 	    if (*p == ':')
1004 	    {
1005 		if (lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
1006 		{
1007 		    if (!quiet)
1008 			emsg(_(e_cannot_slice_dictionary));
1009 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1010 		    return NULL;
1011 		}
1012 		if (rettv != NULL
1013 			&& !(rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST
1014 						 && rettv->vval.v_list != NULL)
1015 			&& !(rettv->v_type == VAR_BLOB
1016 						&& rettv->vval.v_blob != NULL))
1017 		{
1018 		    if (!quiet)
1019 			emsg(_("E709: [:] requires a List or Blob value"));
1020 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1021 		    return NULL;
1022 		}
1023 		p = skipwhite(p + 1);
1024 		if (*p == ']')
1025 		    lp->ll_empty2 = TRUE;
1026 		else
1027 		{
1028 		    lp->ll_empty2 = FALSE;
1029 		    // recursive!
1030 		    if (eval1(&p, &var2, &EVALARG_EVALUATE) == FAIL)
1031 		    {
1032 			clear_tv(&var1);
1033 			return NULL;
1034 		    }
1035 		    if (tv_get_string_chk(&var2) == NULL)
1036 		    {
1037 			// not a number or string
1038 			clear_tv(&var1);
1039 			clear_tv(&var2);
1040 			return NULL;
1041 		    }
1042 		}
1043 		lp->ll_range = TRUE;
1044 	    }
1045 	    else
1046 		lp->ll_range = FALSE;
1047 
1048 	    if (*p != ']')
1049 	    {
1050 		if (!quiet)
1051 		    emsg(_(e_missbrac));
1052 		clear_tv(&var1);
1053 		clear_tv(&var2);
1054 		return NULL;
1055 	    }
1056 
1057 	    // Skip to past ']'.
1058 	    ++p;
1059 	}
1060 
1061 	if (lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
1062 	{
1063 	    if (len == -1)
1064 	    {
1065 		// "[key]": get key from "var1"
1066 		key = tv_get_string_chk(&var1);	// is number or string
1067 		if (key == NULL)
1068 		{
1069 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1070 		    return NULL;
1071 		}
1072 	    }
1073 	    lp->ll_list = NULL;
1074 
1075 	    // a NULL dict is equivalent with an empty dict
1076 	    if (lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict == NULL)
1077 	    {
1078 		lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict = dict_alloc();
1079 		if (lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict == NULL)
1080 		{
1081 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1082 		    return NULL;
1083 		}
1084 		++lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict->dv_refcount;
1085 	    }
1086 	    lp->ll_dict = lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict;
1087 
1088 	    lp->ll_di = dict_find(lp->ll_dict, key, len);
1089 
1090 	    // When assigning to a scope dictionary check that a function and
1091 	    // variable name is valid (only variable name unless it is l: or
1092 	    // g: dictionary). Disallow overwriting a builtin function.
1093 	    if (rettv != NULL && lp->ll_dict->dv_scope != 0)
1094 	    {
1095 		int prevval;
1096 		int wrong;
1097 
1098 		if (len != -1)
1099 		{
1100 		    prevval = key[len];
1101 		    key[len] = NUL;
1102 		}
1103 		else
1104 		    prevval = 0; // avoid compiler warning
1105 		wrong = (lp->ll_dict->dv_scope == VAR_DEF_SCOPE
1106 			       && rettv->v_type == VAR_FUNC
1107 			       && var_wrong_func_name(key, lp->ll_di == NULL))
1108 			|| !valid_varname(key, TRUE);
1109 		if (len != -1)
1110 		    key[len] = prevval;
1111 		if (wrong)
1112 		{
1113 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1114 		    return NULL;
1115 		}
1116 	    }
1117 
1118 	    if (lp->ll_valtype != NULL)
1119 		// use the type of the member
1120 		lp->ll_valtype = lp->ll_valtype->tt_member;
1121 
1122 	    if (lp->ll_di == NULL)
1123 	    {
1124 		// Can't add "v:" or "a:" variable.
1125 		if (lp->ll_dict == get_vimvar_dict()
1126 			 || &lp->ll_dict->dv_hashtab == get_funccal_args_ht())
1127 		{
1128 		    semsg(_(e_illvar), name);
1129 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1130 		    return NULL;
1131 		}
1132 
1133 		// Key does not exist in dict: may need to add it.
1134 		if (*p == '[' || *p == '.' || unlet)
1135 		{
1136 		    if (!quiet)
1137 			semsg(_(e_dictkey), key);
1138 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1139 		    return NULL;
1140 		}
1141 		if (len == -1)
1142 		    lp->ll_newkey = vim_strsave(key);
1143 		else
1144 		    lp->ll_newkey = vim_strnsave(key, len);
1145 		clear_tv(&var1);
1146 		if (lp->ll_newkey == NULL)
1147 		    p = NULL;
1148 		break;
1149 	    }
1150 	    // existing variable, need to check if it can be changed
1151 	    else if ((flags & GLV_READ_ONLY) == 0
1152 			&& (var_check_ro(lp->ll_di->di_flags, name, FALSE)
1153 			  || var_check_lock(lp->ll_di->di_flags, name, FALSE)))
1154 	    {
1155 		clear_tv(&var1);
1156 		return NULL;
1157 	    }
1158 
1159 	    clear_tv(&var1);
1160 	    lp->ll_tv = &lp->ll_di->di_tv;
1161 	}
1162 	else if (lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_BLOB)
1163 	{
1164 	    long bloblen = blob_len(lp->ll_tv->vval.v_blob);
1165 
1166 	    /*
1167 	     * Get the number and item for the only or first index of the List.
1168 	     */
1169 	    if (empty1)
1170 		lp->ll_n1 = 0;
1171 	    else
1172 		// is number or string
1173 		lp->ll_n1 = (long)tv_get_number(&var1);
1174 	    clear_tv(&var1);
1175 
1176 	    if (lp->ll_n1 < 0
1177 		    || lp->ll_n1 > bloblen
1178 		    || (lp->ll_range && lp->ll_n1 == bloblen))
1179 	    {
1180 		if (!quiet)
1181 		    semsg(_(e_blobidx), lp->ll_n1);
1182 		clear_tv(&var2);
1183 		return NULL;
1184 	    }
1185 	    if (lp->ll_range && !lp->ll_empty2)
1186 	    {
1187 		lp->ll_n2 = (long)tv_get_number(&var2);
1188 		clear_tv(&var2);
1189 		if (lp->ll_n2 < 0
1190 			|| lp->ll_n2 >= bloblen
1191 			|| lp->ll_n2 < lp->ll_n1)
1192 		{
1193 		    if (!quiet)
1194 			semsg(_(e_blobidx), lp->ll_n2);
1195 		    return NULL;
1196 		}
1197 	    }
1198 	    lp->ll_blob = lp->ll_tv->vval.v_blob;
1199 	    lp->ll_tv = NULL;
1200 	    break;
1201 	}
1202 	else
1203 	{
1204 	    /*
1205 	     * Get the number and item for the only or first index of the List.
1206 	     */
1207 	    if (empty1)
1208 		lp->ll_n1 = 0;
1209 	    else
1210 		// is number or string
1211 		lp->ll_n1 = (long)tv_get_number(&var1);
1212 	    clear_tv(&var1);
1213 
1214 	    lp->ll_dict = NULL;
1215 	    lp->ll_list = lp->ll_tv->vval.v_list;
1216 	    lp->ll_li = list_find_index(lp->ll_list, &lp->ll_n1);
1217 	    if (lp->ll_li == NULL)
1218 	    {
1219 		clear_tv(&var2);
1220 		if (!quiet)
1221 		    semsg(_(e_listidx), lp->ll_n1);
1222 		return NULL;
1223 	    }
1224 
1225 	    if (lp->ll_valtype != NULL)
1226 		// use the type of the member
1227 		lp->ll_valtype = lp->ll_valtype->tt_member;
1228 
1229 	    /*
1230 	     * May need to find the item or absolute index for the second
1231 	     * index of a range.
1232 	     * When no index given: "lp->ll_empty2" is TRUE.
1233 	     * Otherwise "lp->ll_n2" is set to the second index.
1234 	     */
1235 	    if (lp->ll_range && !lp->ll_empty2)
1236 	    {
1237 		lp->ll_n2 = (long)tv_get_number(&var2);
1238 						    // is number or string
1239 		clear_tv(&var2);
1240 		if (lp->ll_n2 < 0)
1241 		{
1242 		    ni = list_find(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_n2);
1243 		    if (ni == NULL)
1244 		    {
1245 			if (!quiet)
1246 			    semsg(_(e_listidx), lp->ll_n2);
1247 			return NULL;
1248 		    }
1249 		    lp->ll_n2 = list_idx_of_item(lp->ll_list, ni);
1250 		}
1251 
1252 		// Check that lp->ll_n2 isn't before lp->ll_n1.
1253 		if (lp->ll_n1 < 0)
1254 		    lp->ll_n1 = list_idx_of_item(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_li);
1255 		if (lp->ll_n2 < lp->ll_n1)
1256 		{
1257 		    if (!quiet)
1258 			semsg(_(e_listidx), lp->ll_n2);
1259 		    return NULL;
1260 		}
1261 	    }
1262 
1263 	    lp->ll_tv = &lp->ll_li->li_tv;
1264 	}
1265     }
1266 
1267     clear_tv(&var1);
1268     lp->ll_name_end = p;
1269     return p;
1270 }
1271 
1272 /*
1273  * Clear lval "lp" that was filled by get_lval().
1274  */
1275     void
1276 clear_lval(lval_T *lp)
1277 {
1278     vim_free(lp->ll_exp_name);
1279     vim_free(lp->ll_newkey);
1280 }
1281 
1282 /*
1283  * Set a variable that was parsed by get_lval() to "rettv".
1284  * "endp" points to just after the parsed name.
1285  * "op" is NULL, "+" for "+=", "-" for "-=", "*" for "*=", "/" for "/=",
1286  * "%" for "%=", "." for ".=" or "=" for "=".
1287  */
1288     void
1289 set_var_lval(
1290     lval_T	*lp,
1291     char_u	*endp,
1292     typval_T	*rettv,
1293     int		copy,
1294     int		flags,	    // ASSIGN_CONST, ASSIGN_NO_DECL
1295     char_u	*op,
1296     int		var_idx)    // index for "let [a, b] = list"
1297 {
1298     int		cc;
1299     listitem_T	*ri;
1300     dictitem_T	*di;
1301 
1302     if (lp->ll_tv == NULL)
1303     {
1304 	cc = *endp;
1305 	*endp = NUL;
1306 	if (lp->ll_blob != NULL)
1307 	{
1308 	    int	    error = FALSE, val;
1309 
1310 	    if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
1311 	    {
1312 		semsg(_(e_letwrong), op);
1313 		return;
1314 	    }
1315 	    if (value_check_lock(lp->ll_blob->bv_lock, lp->ll_name, FALSE))
1316 		return;
1317 
1318 	    if (lp->ll_range && rettv->v_type == VAR_BLOB)
1319 	    {
1320 		int	il, ir;
1321 
1322 		if (lp->ll_empty2)
1323 		    lp->ll_n2 = blob_len(lp->ll_blob) - 1;
1324 
1325 		if (lp->ll_n2 - lp->ll_n1 + 1 != blob_len(rettv->vval.v_blob))
1326 		{
1327 		    emsg(_("E972: Blob value does not have the right number of bytes"));
1328 		    return;
1329 		}
1330 		if (lp->ll_empty2)
1331 		    lp->ll_n2 = blob_len(lp->ll_blob);
1332 
1333 		ir = 0;
1334 		for (il = lp->ll_n1; il <= lp->ll_n2; il++)
1335 		    blob_set(lp->ll_blob, il,
1336 			    blob_get(rettv->vval.v_blob, ir++));
1337 	    }
1338 	    else
1339 	    {
1340 		val = (int)tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
1341 		if (!error)
1342 		{
1343 		    garray_T *gap = &lp->ll_blob->bv_ga;
1344 
1345 		    // Allow for appending a byte.  Setting a byte beyond
1346 		    // the end is an error otherwise.
1347 		    if (lp->ll_n1 < gap->ga_len
1348 			    || (lp->ll_n1 == gap->ga_len
1349 				&& ga_grow(&lp->ll_blob->bv_ga, 1) == OK))
1350 		    {
1351 			blob_set(lp->ll_blob, lp->ll_n1, val);
1352 			if (lp->ll_n1 == gap->ga_len)
1353 			    ++gap->ga_len;
1354 		    }
1355 		    // error for invalid range was already given in get_lval()
1356 		}
1357 	    }
1358 	}
1359 	else if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
1360 	{
1361 	    typval_T tv;
1362 
1363 	    if (flags & (ASSIGN_CONST | ASSIGN_FINAL))
1364 	    {
1365 		emsg(_(e_cannot_mod));
1366 		*endp = cc;
1367 		return;
1368 	    }
1369 
1370 	    // handle +=, -=, *=, /=, %= and .=
1371 	    di = NULL;
1372 	    if (eval_variable(lp->ll_name, (int)STRLEN(lp->ll_name),
1373 					     &tv, &di, TRUE, FALSE) == OK)
1374 	    {
1375 		if ((di == NULL
1376 			 || (!var_check_ro(di->di_flags, lp->ll_name, FALSE)
1377 			   && !tv_check_lock(&di->di_tv, lp->ll_name, FALSE)))
1378 			&& tv_op(&tv, rettv, op) == OK)
1379 		    set_var(lp->ll_name, &tv, FALSE);
1380 		clear_tv(&tv);
1381 	    }
1382 	}
1383 	else
1384 	{
1385 	    if (lp->ll_type != NULL
1386 		       && check_typval_arg_type(lp->ll_type, rettv, 0) == FAIL)
1387 		return;
1388 	    set_var_const(lp->ll_name, lp->ll_type, rettv, copy,
1389 							       flags, var_idx);
1390 	}
1391 	*endp = cc;
1392     }
1393     else if (value_check_lock(lp->ll_newkey == NULL
1394 		? lp->ll_tv->v_lock
1395 		: lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict->dv_lock, lp->ll_name, FALSE))
1396 	;
1397     else if (lp->ll_range)
1398     {
1399 	listitem_T *ll_li = lp->ll_li;
1400 	int	    ll_n1 = lp->ll_n1;
1401 
1402 	if (flags & (ASSIGN_CONST | ASSIGN_FINAL))
1403 	{
1404 	    emsg(_("E996: Cannot lock a range"));
1405 	    return;
1406 	}
1407 
1408 	/*
1409 	 * Check whether any of the list items is locked
1410 	 */
1411 	for (ri = rettv->vval.v_list->lv_first; ri != NULL && ll_li != NULL; )
1412 	{
1413 	    if (value_check_lock(ll_li->li_tv.v_lock, lp->ll_name, FALSE))
1414 		return;
1415 	    ri = ri->li_next;
1416 	    if (ri == NULL || (!lp->ll_empty2 && lp->ll_n2 == ll_n1))
1417 		break;
1418 	    ll_li = ll_li->li_next;
1419 	    ++ll_n1;
1420 	}
1421 
1422 	/*
1423 	 * Assign the List values to the list items.
1424 	 */
1425 	for (ri = rettv->vval.v_list->lv_first; ri != NULL; )
1426 	{
1427 	    if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
1428 		tv_op(&lp->ll_li->li_tv, &ri->li_tv, op);
1429 	    else
1430 	    {
1431 		clear_tv(&lp->ll_li->li_tv);
1432 		copy_tv(&ri->li_tv, &lp->ll_li->li_tv);
1433 	    }
1434 	    ri = ri->li_next;
1435 	    if (ri == NULL || (!lp->ll_empty2 && lp->ll_n2 == lp->ll_n1))
1436 		break;
1437 	    if (lp->ll_li->li_next == NULL)
1438 	    {
1439 		// Need to add an empty item.
1440 		if (list_append_number(lp->ll_list, 0) == FAIL)
1441 		{
1442 		    ri = NULL;
1443 		    break;
1444 		}
1445 	    }
1446 	    lp->ll_li = lp->ll_li->li_next;
1447 	    ++lp->ll_n1;
1448 	}
1449 	if (ri != NULL)
1450 	    emsg(_(e_list_value_has_more_items_than_targets));
1451 	else if (lp->ll_empty2
1452 		? (lp->ll_li != NULL && lp->ll_li->li_next != NULL)
1453 		: lp->ll_n1 != lp->ll_n2)
1454 	    emsg(_(e_list_value_does_not_have_enough_items));
1455     }
1456     else
1457     {
1458 	/*
1459 	 * Assign to a List or Dictionary item.
1460 	 */
1461 	if (flags & (ASSIGN_CONST | ASSIGN_FINAL))
1462 	{
1463 	    emsg(_("E996: Cannot lock a list or dict"));
1464 	    return;
1465 	}
1466 
1467 	if (lp->ll_valtype != NULL
1468 		    && check_typval_arg_type(lp->ll_valtype, rettv, 0) == FAIL)
1469 	    return;
1470 
1471 	if (lp->ll_newkey != NULL)
1472 	{
1473 	    if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
1474 	    {
1475 		semsg(_(e_letwrong), op);
1476 		return;
1477 	    }
1478 
1479 	    // Need to add an item to the Dictionary.
1480 	    di = dictitem_alloc(lp->ll_newkey);
1481 	    if (di == NULL)
1482 		return;
1483 	    if (dict_add(lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict, di) == FAIL)
1484 	    {
1485 		vim_free(di);
1486 		return;
1487 	    }
1488 	    lp->ll_tv = &di->di_tv;
1489 	}
1490 	else if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
1491 	{
1492 	    tv_op(lp->ll_tv, rettv, op);
1493 	    return;
1494 	}
1495 	else
1496 	    clear_tv(lp->ll_tv);
1497 
1498 	/*
1499 	 * Assign the value to the variable or list item.
1500 	 */
1501 	if (copy)
1502 	    copy_tv(rettv, lp->ll_tv);
1503 	else
1504 	{
1505 	    *lp->ll_tv = *rettv;
1506 	    lp->ll_tv->v_lock = 0;
1507 	    init_tv(rettv);
1508 	}
1509     }
1510 }
1511 
1512 /*
1513  * Handle "tv1 += tv2", "tv1 -= tv2", "tv1 *= tv2", "tv1 /= tv2", "tv1 %= tv2"
1514  * and "tv1 .= tv2"
1515  * Returns OK or FAIL.
1516  */
1517     static int
1518 tv_op(typval_T *tv1, typval_T *tv2, char_u *op)
1519 {
1520     varnumber_T	n;
1521     char_u	numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
1522     char_u	*s;
1523     int		failed = FALSE;
1524 
1525     // Can't do anything with a Funcref, Dict, v:true on the right.
1526     if (tv2->v_type != VAR_FUNC && tv2->v_type != VAR_DICT
1527 		      && tv2->v_type != VAR_BOOL && tv2->v_type != VAR_SPECIAL)
1528     {
1529 	switch (tv1->v_type)
1530 	{
1531 	    case VAR_UNKNOWN:
1532 	    case VAR_ANY:
1533 	    case VAR_VOID:
1534 	    case VAR_DICT:
1535 	    case VAR_FUNC:
1536 	    case VAR_PARTIAL:
1537 	    case VAR_BOOL:
1538 	    case VAR_SPECIAL:
1539 	    case VAR_JOB:
1540 	    case VAR_CHANNEL:
1541 		break;
1542 
1543 	    case VAR_BLOB:
1544 		if (*op != '+' || tv2->v_type != VAR_BLOB)
1545 		    break;
1546 		// BLOB += BLOB
1547 		if (tv1->vval.v_blob != NULL && tv2->vval.v_blob != NULL)
1548 		{
1549 		    blob_T  *b1 = tv1->vval.v_blob;
1550 		    blob_T  *b2 = tv2->vval.v_blob;
1551 		    int	i, len = blob_len(b2);
1552 		    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
1553 			ga_append(&b1->bv_ga, blob_get(b2, i));
1554 		}
1555 		return OK;
1556 
1557 	    case VAR_LIST:
1558 		if (*op != '+' || tv2->v_type != VAR_LIST)
1559 		    break;
1560 		// List += List
1561 		if (tv2->vval.v_list != NULL)
1562 		{
1563 		    if (tv1->vval.v_list == NULL)
1564 		    {
1565 			tv1->vval.v_list = tv2->vval.v_list;
1566 			++tv1->vval.v_list->lv_refcount;
1567 		    }
1568 		    else
1569 			list_extend(tv1->vval.v_list, tv2->vval.v_list, NULL);
1570 		}
1571 		return OK;
1572 
1573 	    case VAR_NUMBER:
1574 	    case VAR_STRING:
1575 		if (tv2->v_type == VAR_LIST)
1576 		    break;
1577 		if (vim_strchr((char_u *)"+-*/%", *op) != NULL)
1578 		{
1579 		    // nr += nr , nr -= nr , nr *=nr , nr /= nr , nr %= nr
1580 		    n = tv_get_number(tv1);
1581 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
1582 		    if (tv2->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
1583 		    {
1584 			float_T f = n;
1585 
1586 			if (*op == '%')
1587 			    break;
1588 			switch (*op)
1589 			{
1590 			    case '+': f += tv2->vval.v_float; break;
1591 			    case '-': f -= tv2->vval.v_float; break;
1592 			    case '*': f *= tv2->vval.v_float; break;
1593 			    case '/': f /= tv2->vval.v_float; break;
1594 			}
1595 			clear_tv(tv1);
1596 			tv1->v_type = VAR_FLOAT;
1597 			tv1->vval.v_float = f;
1598 		    }
1599 		    else
1600 #endif
1601 		    {
1602 			switch (*op)
1603 			{
1604 			    case '+': n += tv_get_number(tv2); break;
1605 			    case '-': n -= tv_get_number(tv2); break;
1606 			    case '*': n *= tv_get_number(tv2); break;
1607 			    case '/': n = num_divide(n, tv_get_number(tv2),
1608 							       &failed); break;
1609 			    case '%': n = num_modulus(n, tv_get_number(tv2),
1610 							       &failed); break;
1611 			}
1612 			clear_tv(tv1);
1613 			tv1->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
1614 			tv1->vval.v_number = n;
1615 		    }
1616 		}
1617 		else
1618 		{
1619 		    if (tv2->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
1620 			break;
1621 
1622 		    // str .= str
1623 		    s = tv_get_string(tv1);
1624 		    s = concat_str(s, tv_get_string_buf(tv2, numbuf));
1625 		    clear_tv(tv1);
1626 		    tv1->v_type = VAR_STRING;
1627 		    tv1->vval.v_string = s;
1628 		}
1629 		return failed ? FAIL : OK;
1630 
1631 	    case VAR_FLOAT:
1632 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
1633 		{
1634 		    float_T f;
1635 
1636 		    if (*op == '%' || *op == '.'
1637 				   || (tv2->v_type != VAR_FLOAT
1638 				    && tv2->v_type != VAR_NUMBER
1639 				    && tv2->v_type != VAR_STRING))
1640 			break;
1641 		    if (tv2->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
1642 			f = tv2->vval.v_float;
1643 		    else
1644 			f = tv_get_number(tv2);
1645 		    switch (*op)
1646 		    {
1647 			case '+': tv1->vval.v_float += f; break;
1648 			case '-': tv1->vval.v_float -= f; break;
1649 			case '*': tv1->vval.v_float *= f; break;
1650 			case '/': tv1->vval.v_float /= f; break;
1651 		    }
1652 		}
1653 #endif
1654 		return OK;
1655 	}
1656     }
1657 
1658     semsg(_(e_letwrong), op);
1659     return FAIL;
1660 }
1661 
1662 /*
1663  * Evaluate the expression used in a ":for var in expr" command.
1664  * "arg" points to "var".
1665  * Set "*errp" to TRUE for an error, FALSE otherwise;
1666  * Return a pointer that holds the info.  Null when there is an error.
1667  */
1668     void *
1669 eval_for_line(
1670     char_u	*arg,
1671     int		*errp,
1672     exarg_T	*eap,
1673     evalarg_T	*evalarg)
1674 {
1675     forinfo_T	*fi;
1676     char_u	*expr;
1677     typval_T	tv;
1678     list_T	*l;
1679     int		skip = !(evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
1680 
1681     *errp = TRUE;	// default: there is an error
1682 
1683     fi = ALLOC_CLEAR_ONE(forinfo_T);
1684     if (fi == NULL)
1685 	return NULL;
1686 
1687     expr = skip_var_list(arg, TRUE, &fi->fi_varcount, &fi->fi_semicolon, FALSE);
1688     if (expr == NULL)
1689 	return fi;
1690 
1691     expr = skipwhite_and_linebreak(expr, evalarg);
1692     if (expr[0] != 'i' || expr[1] != 'n'
1693 				  || !(expr[2] == NUL || VIM_ISWHITE(expr[2])))
1694     {
1695 	emsg(_(e_missing_in));
1696 	return fi;
1697     }
1698 
1699     if (skip)
1700 	++emsg_skip;
1701     expr = skipwhite_and_linebreak(expr + 2, evalarg);
1702     if (eval0(expr, &tv, eap, evalarg) == OK)
1703     {
1704 	*errp = FALSE;
1705 	if (!skip)
1706 	{
1707 	    if (tv.v_type == VAR_LIST)
1708 	    {
1709 		l = tv.vval.v_list;
1710 		if (l == NULL)
1711 		{
1712 		    // a null list is like an empty list: do nothing
1713 		    clear_tv(&tv);
1714 		}
1715 		else
1716 		{
1717 		    // Need a real list here.
1718 		    CHECK_LIST_MATERIALIZE(l);
1719 
1720 		    // No need to increment the refcount, it's already set for
1721 		    // the list being used in "tv".
1722 		    fi->fi_list = l;
1723 		    list_add_watch(l, &fi->fi_lw);
1724 		    fi->fi_lw.lw_item = l->lv_first;
1725 		}
1726 	    }
1727 	    else if (tv.v_type == VAR_BLOB)
1728 	    {
1729 		fi->fi_bi = 0;
1730 		if (tv.vval.v_blob != NULL)
1731 		{
1732 		    typval_T btv;
1733 
1734 		    // Make a copy, so that the iteration still works when the
1735 		    // blob is changed.
1736 		    blob_copy(tv.vval.v_blob, &btv);
1737 		    fi->fi_blob = btv.vval.v_blob;
1738 		}
1739 		clear_tv(&tv);
1740 	    }
1741 	    else
1742 	    {
1743 		emsg(_(e_listreq));
1744 		clear_tv(&tv);
1745 	    }
1746 	}
1747     }
1748     if (skip)
1749 	--emsg_skip;
1750     fi->fi_break_count = evalarg->eval_break_count;
1751 
1752     return fi;
1753 }
1754 
1755 /*
1756  * Used when looping over a :for line, skip the "in expr" part.
1757  */
1758     void
1759 skip_for_lines(void *fi_void, evalarg_T *evalarg)
1760 {
1761     forinfo_T	*fi = (forinfo_T *)fi_void;
1762     int		i;
1763 
1764     for (i = 0; i < fi->fi_break_count; ++i)
1765 	eval_next_line(evalarg);
1766 }
1767 
1768 /*
1769  * Use the first item in a ":for" list.  Advance to the next.
1770  * Assign the values to the variable (list).  "arg" points to the first one.
1771  * Return TRUE when a valid item was found, FALSE when at end of list or
1772  * something wrong.
1773  */
1774     int
1775 next_for_item(void *fi_void, char_u *arg)
1776 {
1777     forinfo_T	*fi = (forinfo_T *)fi_void;
1778     int		result;
1779     int		flag = in_vim9script() ? ASSIGN_DECL : 0;
1780     listitem_T	*item;
1781 
1782     if (fi->fi_blob != NULL)
1783     {
1784 	typval_T	tv;
1785 
1786 	if (fi->fi_bi >= blob_len(fi->fi_blob))
1787 	    return FALSE;
1788 	tv.v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
1789 	tv.v_lock = VAR_FIXED;
1790 	tv.vval.v_number = blob_get(fi->fi_blob, fi->fi_bi);
1791 	++fi->fi_bi;
1792 	return ex_let_vars(arg, &tv, TRUE, fi->fi_semicolon,
1793 				       fi->fi_varcount, flag, NULL) == OK;
1794     }
1795 
1796     item = fi->fi_lw.lw_item;
1797     if (item == NULL)
1798 	result = FALSE;
1799     else
1800     {
1801 	fi->fi_lw.lw_item = item->li_next;
1802 	result = (ex_let_vars(arg, &item->li_tv, TRUE, fi->fi_semicolon,
1803 				      fi->fi_varcount, flag, NULL) == OK);
1804     }
1805     return result;
1806 }
1807 
1808 /*
1809  * Free the structure used to store info used by ":for".
1810  */
1811     void
1812 free_for_info(void *fi_void)
1813 {
1814     forinfo_T    *fi = (forinfo_T *)fi_void;
1815 
1816     if (fi != NULL && fi->fi_list != NULL)
1817     {
1818 	list_rem_watch(fi->fi_list, &fi->fi_lw);
1819 	list_unref(fi->fi_list);
1820     }
1821     if (fi != NULL && fi->fi_blob != NULL)
1822 	blob_unref(fi->fi_blob);
1823     vim_free(fi);
1824 }
1825 
1826     void
1827 set_context_for_expression(
1828     expand_T	*xp,
1829     char_u	*arg,
1830     cmdidx_T	cmdidx)
1831 {
1832     int		has_expr = cmdidx != CMD_let && cmdidx != CMD_var;
1833     int		c;
1834     char_u	*p;
1835 
1836     if (cmdidx == CMD_let || cmdidx == CMD_var
1837 				 || cmdidx == CMD_const || cmdidx == CMD_final)
1838     {
1839 	xp->xp_context = EXPAND_USER_VARS;
1840 	if (vim_strpbrk(arg, (char_u *)"\"'+-*/%.=!?~|&$([<>,#") == NULL)
1841 	{
1842 	    // ":let var1 var2 ...": find last space.
1843 	    for (p = arg + STRLEN(arg); p >= arg; )
1844 	    {
1845 		xp->xp_pattern = p;
1846 		MB_PTR_BACK(arg, p);
1847 		if (VIM_ISWHITE(*p))
1848 		    break;
1849 	    }
1850 	    return;
1851 	}
1852     }
1853     else
1854 	xp->xp_context = cmdidx == CMD_call ? EXPAND_FUNCTIONS
1855 							  : EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
1856     while ((xp->xp_pattern = vim_strpbrk(arg,
1857 				  (char_u *)"\"'+-*/%.=!?~|&$([<>,#")) != NULL)
1858     {
1859 	c = *xp->xp_pattern;
1860 	if (c == '&')
1861 	{
1862 	    c = xp->xp_pattern[1];
1863 	    if (c == '&')
1864 	    {
1865 		++xp->xp_pattern;
1866 		xp->xp_context = has_expr ? EXPAND_EXPRESSION : EXPAND_NOTHING;
1867 	    }
1868 	    else if (c != ' ')
1869 	    {
1870 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_SETTINGS;
1871 		if ((c == 'l' || c == 'g') && xp->xp_pattern[2] == ':')
1872 		    xp->xp_pattern += 2;
1873 
1874 	    }
1875 	}
1876 	else if (c == '$')
1877 	{
1878 	    // environment variable
1879 	    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_ENV_VARS;
1880 	}
1881 	else if (c == '=')
1882 	{
1883 	    has_expr = TRUE;
1884 	    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
1885 	}
1886 	else if (c == '#'
1887 		&& xp->xp_context == EXPAND_EXPRESSION)
1888 	{
1889 	    // Autoload function/variable contains '#'.
1890 	    break;
1891 	}
1892 	else if ((c == '<' || c == '#')
1893 		&& xp->xp_context == EXPAND_FUNCTIONS
1894 		&& vim_strchr(xp->xp_pattern, '(') == NULL)
1895 	{
1896 	    // Function name can start with "<SNR>" and contain '#'.
1897 	    break;
1898 	}
1899 	else if (has_expr)
1900 	{
1901 	    if (c == '"')	    // string
1902 	    {
1903 		while ((c = *++xp->xp_pattern) != NUL && c != '"')
1904 		    if (c == '\\' && xp->xp_pattern[1] != NUL)
1905 			++xp->xp_pattern;
1906 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
1907 	    }
1908 	    else if (c == '\'')	    // literal string
1909 	    {
1910 		// Trick: '' is like stopping and starting a literal string.
1911 		while ((c = *++xp->xp_pattern) != NUL && c != '\'')
1912 		    /* skip */ ;
1913 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
1914 	    }
1915 	    else if (c == '|')
1916 	    {
1917 		if (xp->xp_pattern[1] == '|')
1918 		{
1919 		    ++xp->xp_pattern;
1920 		    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
1921 		}
1922 		else
1923 		    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_COMMANDS;
1924 	    }
1925 	    else
1926 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
1927 	}
1928 	else
1929 	    // Doesn't look like something valid, expand as an expression
1930 	    // anyway.
1931 	    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
1932 	arg = xp->xp_pattern;
1933 	if (*arg != NUL)
1934 	    while ((c = *++arg) != NUL && (c == ' ' || c == '\t'))
1935 		/* skip */ ;
1936     }
1937 
1938     // ":exe one two" completes "two"
1939     if ((cmdidx == CMD_execute
1940 		|| cmdidx == CMD_echo
1941 		|| cmdidx == CMD_echon
1942 		|| cmdidx == CMD_echomsg)
1943 	    && xp->xp_context == EXPAND_EXPRESSION)
1944     {
1945 	for (;;)
1946 	{
1947 	    char_u *n = skiptowhite(arg);
1948 
1949 	    if (n == arg || IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(*skipwhite(n)))
1950 		break;
1951 	    arg = skipwhite(n);
1952 	}
1953     }
1954 
1955     xp->xp_pattern = arg;
1956 }
1957 
1958 /*
1959  * Return TRUE if "pat" matches "text".
1960  * Does not use 'cpo' and always uses 'magic'.
1961  */
1962     int
1963 pattern_match(char_u *pat, char_u *text, int ic)
1964 {
1965     int		matches = FALSE;
1966     char_u	*save_cpo;
1967     regmatch_T	regmatch;
1968 
1969     // avoid 'l' flag in 'cpoptions'
1970     save_cpo = p_cpo;
1971     p_cpo = empty_option;
1972     regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(pat, RE_MAGIC + RE_STRING);
1973     if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
1974     {
1975 	regmatch.rm_ic = ic;
1976 	matches = vim_regexec_nl(&regmatch, text, (colnr_T)0);
1977 	vim_regfree(regmatch.regprog);
1978     }
1979     p_cpo = save_cpo;
1980     return matches;
1981 }
1982 
1983 /*
1984  * Handle a name followed by "(".  Both for just "name(arg)" and for
1985  * "expr->name(arg)".
1986  * Returns OK or FAIL.
1987  */
1988     static int
1989 eval_func(
1990 	char_u	    **arg,	// points to "(", will be advanced
1991 	evalarg_T   *evalarg,
1992 	char_u	    *name,
1993 	int	    name_len,
1994 	typval_T    *rettv,
1995 	int	    flags,
1996 	typval_T    *basetv)	// "expr" for "expr->name(arg)"
1997 {
1998     int		evaluate = flags & EVAL_EVALUATE;
1999     char_u	*s = name;
2000     int		len = name_len;
2001     partial_T	*partial;
2002     int		ret = OK;
2003     type_T	*type = NULL;
2004 
2005     if (!evaluate)
2006 	check_vars(s, len);
2007 
2008     // If "s" is the name of a variable of type VAR_FUNC
2009     // use its contents.
2010     s = deref_func_name(s, &len, &partial,
2011 				    in_vim9script() ? &type : NULL, !evaluate);
2012 
2013     // Need to make a copy, in case evaluating the arguments makes
2014     // the name invalid.
2015     s = vim_strsave(s);
2016     if (s == NULL || (flags & EVAL_CONSTANT))
2017 	ret = FAIL;
2018     else
2019     {
2020 	funcexe_T funcexe;
2021 
2022 	// Invoke the function.
2023 	CLEAR_FIELD(funcexe);
2024 	funcexe.firstline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
2025 	funcexe.lastline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
2026 	funcexe.evaluate = evaluate;
2027 	funcexe.partial = partial;
2028 	funcexe.basetv = basetv;
2029 	funcexe.check_type = type;
2030 	ret = get_func_tv(s, len, rettv, arg, evalarg, &funcexe);
2031     }
2032     vim_free(s);
2033 
2034     // If evaluate is FALSE rettv->v_type was not set in
2035     // get_func_tv, but it's needed in handle_subscript() to parse
2036     // what follows. So set it here.
2037     if (rettv->v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN && !evaluate && **arg == '(')
2038     {
2039 	rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
2040 	rettv->v_type = VAR_FUNC;
2041     }
2042 
2043     // Stop the expression evaluation when immediately
2044     // aborting on error, or when an interrupt occurred or
2045     // an exception was thrown but not caught.
2046     if (evaluate && aborting())
2047     {
2048 	if (ret == OK)
2049 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2050 	ret = FAIL;
2051     }
2052     return ret;
2053 }
2054 
2055 /*
2056  * Get the next line source line without advancing.  But do skip over comment
2057  * lines.
2058  */
2059     static char_u *
2060 getline_peek_skip_comments(evalarg_T *evalarg)
2061 {
2062     for (;;)
2063     {
2064 	char_u *next = getline_peek(evalarg->eval_getline,
2065 							 evalarg->eval_cookie);
2066 	char_u *p;
2067 
2068 	if (next == NULL)
2069 	    break;
2070 	p = skipwhite(next);
2071 	if (*p != NUL && !vim9_comment_start(p))
2072 	    return next;
2073 	(void)eval_next_line(evalarg);
2074     }
2075     return NULL;
2076 }
2077 
2078 /*
2079  * If inside Vim9 script, "arg" points to the end of a line (ignoring a #
2080  * comment) and there is a next line, return the next line (skipping blanks)
2081  * and set "getnext".
2082  * Otherwise just return "arg" unmodified and set "getnext" to FALSE.
2083  * "arg" must point somewhere inside a line, not at the start.
2084  */
2085     char_u *
2086 eval_next_non_blank(char_u *arg, evalarg_T *evalarg, int *getnext)
2087 {
2088     char_u *p = skipwhite(arg);
2089 
2090     *getnext = FALSE;
2091     if (in_vim9script()
2092 	    && evalarg != NULL
2093 	    && (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL || evalarg->eval_cctx != NULL)
2094 	    && (*p == NUL || (VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1]) && vim9_comment_start(p))))
2095     {
2096 	char_u *next;
2097 
2098 	if (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL)
2099 	    next = getline_peek_skip_comments(evalarg);
2100 	else
2101 	    next = peek_next_line_from_context(evalarg->eval_cctx);
2102 
2103 	if (next != NULL)
2104 	{
2105 	    *getnext = TRUE;
2106 	    return skipwhite(next);
2107 	}
2108     }
2109     return p;
2110 }
2111 
2112 /*
2113  * To be called after eval_next_non_blank() sets "getnext" to TRUE.
2114  */
2115     char_u *
2116 eval_next_line(evalarg_T *evalarg)
2117 {
2118     garray_T	*gap = &evalarg->eval_ga;
2119     char_u	*line;
2120 
2121     if (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL)
2122 	line = evalarg->eval_getline(0, evalarg->eval_cookie, 0,
2123 							   GETLINE_CONCAT_ALL);
2124     else
2125 	line = next_line_from_context(evalarg->eval_cctx, TRUE);
2126     ++evalarg->eval_break_count;
2127     if (gap->ga_itemsize > 0 && ga_grow(gap, 1) == OK)
2128     {
2129 	// Going to concatenate the lines after parsing.
2130 	((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len] = line;
2131 	++gap->ga_len;
2132     }
2133     else if (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL)
2134     {
2135 	vim_free(evalarg->eval_tofree);
2136 	evalarg->eval_tofree = line;
2137     }
2138     return skipwhite(line);
2139 }
2140 
2141 /*
2142  * Call eval_next_non_blank() and get the next line if needed.
2143  */
2144     char_u *
2145 skipwhite_and_linebreak(char_u *arg, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2146 {
2147     int	    getnext;
2148     char_u  *p = skipwhite(arg);
2149 
2150     if (evalarg == NULL)
2151 	return skipwhite(arg);
2152     eval_next_non_blank(p, evalarg, &getnext);
2153     if (getnext)
2154 	return eval_next_line(evalarg);
2155     return p;
2156 }
2157 
2158 /*
2159  * After using "evalarg" filled from "eap": free the memory.
2160  */
2161     void
2162 clear_evalarg(evalarg_T *evalarg, exarg_T *eap)
2163 {
2164     if (evalarg != NULL)
2165     {
2166 	if (evalarg->eval_tofree != NULL)
2167 	{
2168 	    if (eap != NULL)
2169 	    {
2170 		// We may need to keep the original command line, e.g. for
2171 		// ":let" it has the variable names.  But we may also need the
2172 		// new one, "nextcmd" points into it.  Keep both.
2173 		vim_free(eap->cmdline_tofree);
2174 		eap->cmdline_tofree = *eap->cmdlinep;
2175 		*eap->cmdlinep = evalarg->eval_tofree;
2176 	    }
2177 	    else
2178 		vim_free(evalarg->eval_tofree);
2179 	    evalarg->eval_tofree = NULL;
2180 	}
2181 
2182 	vim_free(evalarg->eval_tofree_lambda);
2183 	evalarg->eval_tofree_lambda = NULL;
2184     }
2185 }
2186 
2187 /*
2188  * The "evaluate" argument: When FALSE, the argument is only parsed but not
2189  * executed.  The function may return OK, but the rettv will be of type
2190  * VAR_UNKNOWN.  The function still returns FAIL for a syntax error.
2191  */
2192 
2193 /*
2194  * Handle zero level expression.
2195  * This calls eval1() and handles error message and nextcmd.
2196  * Put the result in "rettv" when returning OK and "evaluate" is TRUE.
2197  * Note: "rettv.v_lock" is not set.
2198  * "evalarg" can be NULL, EVALARG_EVALUATE or a pointer.
2199  * Return OK or FAIL.
2200  */
2201     int
2202 eval0(
2203     char_u	*arg,
2204     typval_T	*rettv,
2205     exarg_T	*eap,
2206     evalarg_T	*evalarg)
2207 {
2208     int		ret;
2209     char_u	*p;
2210     int		did_emsg_before = did_emsg;
2211     int		called_emsg_before = called_emsg;
2212     int		flags = evalarg == NULL ? 0 : evalarg->eval_flags;
2213 
2214     p = skipwhite(arg);
2215     ret = eval1(&p, rettv, evalarg);
2216     p = skipwhite(p);
2217 
2218     if (ret == FAIL || !ends_excmd2(arg, p))
2219     {
2220 	if (ret != FAIL)
2221 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2222 	/*
2223 	 * Report the invalid expression unless the expression evaluation has
2224 	 * been cancelled due to an aborting error, an interrupt, or an
2225 	 * exception, or we already gave a more specific error.
2226 	 * Also check called_emsg for when using assert_fails().
2227 	 */
2228 	if (!aborting()
2229 		&& did_emsg == did_emsg_before
2230 		&& called_emsg == called_emsg_before
2231 		&& (flags & EVAL_CONSTANT) == 0)
2232 	    semsg(_(e_invexpr2), arg);
2233 
2234 	// Some of the expression may not have been consumed.  Do not check for
2235 	// a next command to avoid more errors, unless "|" is following, which
2236 	// could only be a command separator.
2237 	if (eap != NULL && skipwhite(p)[0] == '|' && skipwhite(p)[1] != '|')
2238 	    eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(p);
2239 	return FAIL;
2240     }
2241 
2242     if (eap != NULL)
2243 	eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(p);
2244 
2245     return ret;
2246 }
2247 
2248 /*
2249  * Handle top level expression:
2250  *	expr2 ? expr1 : expr1
2251  *	expr2 ?? expr1
2252  *
2253  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2254  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2255  *
2256  * Note: "rettv.v_lock" is not set.
2257  *
2258  * Return OK or FAIL.
2259  */
2260     int
2261 eval1(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2262 {
2263     char_u  *p;
2264     int	    getnext;
2265 
2266     CLEAR_POINTER(rettv);
2267 
2268     /*
2269      * Get the first variable.
2270      */
2271     if (eval2(arg, rettv, evalarg) == FAIL)
2272 	return FAIL;
2273 
2274     p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
2275     if (*p == '?')
2276     {
2277 	int		op_falsy = p[1] == '?';
2278 	int		result;
2279 	typval_T	var2;
2280 	evalarg_T	*evalarg_used = evalarg;
2281 	evalarg_T	local_evalarg;
2282 	int		orig_flags;
2283 	int		evaluate;
2284 	int		vim9script = in_vim9script();
2285 
2286 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2287 	{
2288 	    CLEAR_FIELD(local_evalarg);
2289 	    evalarg_used = &local_evalarg;
2290 	}
2291 	orig_flags = evalarg_used->eval_flags;
2292 	evaluate = evalarg_used->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE;
2293 
2294 	if (getnext)
2295 	    *arg = eval_next_line(evalarg_used);
2296 	else
2297 	{
2298 	    if (evaluate && vim9script && !VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1]))
2299 	    {
2300 		error_white_both(p, 1);
2301 		clear_tv(rettv);
2302 		return FAIL;
2303 	    }
2304 	    *arg = p;
2305 	}
2306 
2307 	result = FALSE;
2308 	if (evaluate)
2309 	{
2310 	    int		error = FALSE;
2311 
2312 	    if (op_falsy)
2313 		result = tv2bool(rettv);
2314 	    else if (vim9script)
2315 		result = tv_get_bool_chk(rettv, &error);
2316 	    else if (tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error) != 0)
2317 		result = TRUE;
2318 	    if (error || !op_falsy || !result)
2319 		clear_tv(rettv);
2320 	    if (error)
2321 		return FAIL;
2322 	}
2323 
2324 	/*
2325 	 * Get the second variable.  Recursive!
2326 	 */
2327 	if (op_falsy)
2328 	    ++*arg;
2329 	if (evaluate && vim9script && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[1]))
2330 	{
2331 	    error_white_both(p, 1);
2332 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2333 	    return FAIL;
2334 	}
2335 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg_used);
2336 	evalarg_used->eval_flags = (op_falsy ? !result : result)
2337 				    ? orig_flags : orig_flags & ~EVAL_EVALUATE;
2338 	if (eval1(arg, &var2, evalarg_used) == FAIL)
2339 	{
2340 	    evalarg_used->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2341 	    return FAIL;
2342 	}
2343 	if (!op_falsy || !result)
2344 	    *rettv = var2;
2345 
2346 	if (!op_falsy)
2347 	{
2348 	    /*
2349 	     * Check for the ":".
2350 	     */
2351 	    p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg_used, &getnext);
2352 	    if (*p != ':')
2353 	    {
2354 		emsg(_(e_missing_colon));
2355 		if (evaluate && result)
2356 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2357 		evalarg_used->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2358 		return FAIL;
2359 	    }
2360 	    if (getnext)
2361 		*arg = eval_next_line(evalarg_used);
2362 	    else
2363 	    {
2364 		if (evaluate && vim9script && !VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1]))
2365 		{
2366 		    error_white_both(p, 1);
2367 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2368 		    evalarg_used->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2369 		    return FAIL;
2370 		}
2371 		*arg = p;
2372 	    }
2373 
2374 	    /*
2375 	     * Get the third variable.  Recursive!
2376 	     */
2377 	    if (evaluate && vim9script && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[1]))
2378 	    {
2379 		error_white_both(p, 1);
2380 		clear_tv(rettv);
2381 		evalarg_used->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2382 		return FAIL;
2383 	    }
2384 	    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg_used);
2385 	    evalarg_used->eval_flags = !result ? orig_flags
2386 						 : orig_flags & ~EVAL_EVALUATE;
2387 	    if (eval1(arg, &var2, evalarg_used) == FAIL)
2388 	    {
2389 		if (evaluate && result)
2390 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2391 		evalarg_used->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2392 		return FAIL;
2393 	    }
2394 	    if (evaluate && !result)
2395 		*rettv = var2;
2396 	}
2397 
2398 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2399 	    clear_evalarg(&local_evalarg, NULL);
2400 	else
2401 	    evalarg->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2402     }
2403 
2404     return OK;
2405 }
2406 
2407 /*
2408  * Handle first level expression:
2409  *	expr2 || expr2 || expr2	    logical OR
2410  *
2411  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2412  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2413  *
2414  * Return OK or FAIL.
2415  */
2416     static int
2417 eval2(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2418 {
2419     char_u	*p;
2420     int		getnext;
2421 
2422     /*
2423      * Get the first variable.
2424      */
2425     if (eval3(arg, rettv, evalarg) == FAIL)
2426 	return FAIL;
2427 
2428     /*
2429      * Handle the  "||" operator.
2430      */
2431     p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
2432     if (p[0] == '|' && p[1] == '|')
2433     {
2434 	evalarg_T   *evalarg_used = evalarg;
2435 	evalarg_T   local_evalarg;
2436 	int	    evaluate;
2437 	int	    orig_flags;
2438 	long	    result = FALSE;
2439 	typval_T    var2;
2440 	int	    error = FALSE;
2441 	int	    vim9script = in_vim9script();
2442 
2443 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2444 	{
2445 	    CLEAR_FIELD(local_evalarg);
2446 	    evalarg_used = &local_evalarg;
2447 	}
2448 	orig_flags = evalarg_used->eval_flags;
2449 	evaluate = orig_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE;
2450 	if (evaluate)
2451 	{
2452 	    if (vim9script)
2453 		result = tv_get_bool_chk(rettv, &error);
2454 	    else if (tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error) != 0)
2455 		result = TRUE;
2456 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2457 	    if (error)
2458 		return FAIL;
2459 	}
2460 
2461 	/*
2462 	 * Repeat until there is no following "||".
2463 	 */
2464 	while (p[0] == '|' && p[1] == '|')
2465 	{
2466 	    if (getnext)
2467 		*arg = eval_next_line(evalarg_used);
2468 	    else
2469 	    {
2470 		if (evaluate && in_vim9script() && !VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1]))
2471 		{
2472 		    error_white_both(p, 2);
2473 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2474 		    return FAIL;
2475 		}
2476 		*arg = p;
2477 	    }
2478 
2479 	    /*
2480 	     * Get the second variable.
2481 	     */
2482 	    if (evaluate && in_vim9script() && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[2]))
2483 	    {
2484 		error_white_both(p, 2);
2485 		clear_tv(rettv);
2486 		return FAIL;
2487 	    }
2488 	    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 2, evalarg_used);
2489 	    evalarg_used->eval_flags = !result ? orig_flags
2490 						 : orig_flags & ~EVAL_EVALUATE;
2491 	    if (eval3(arg, &var2, evalarg_used) == FAIL)
2492 		return FAIL;
2493 
2494 	    /*
2495 	     * Compute the result.
2496 	     */
2497 	    if (evaluate && !result)
2498 	    {
2499 		if (vim9script)
2500 		    result = tv_get_bool_chk(&var2, &error);
2501 		else if (tv_get_number_chk(&var2, &error) != 0)
2502 		    result = TRUE;
2503 		clear_tv(&var2);
2504 		if (error)
2505 		    return FAIL;
2506 	    }
2507 	    if (evaluate)
2508 	    {
2509 		if (vim9script)
2510 		{
2511 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
2512 		    rettv->vval.v_number = result ? VVAL_TRUE : VVAL_FALSE;
2513 		}
2514 		else
2515 		{
2516 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
2517 		    rettv->vval.v_number = result;
2518 		}
2519 	    }
2520 
2521 	    p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg_used, &getnext);
2522 	}
2523 
2524 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2525 	    clear_evalarg(&local_evalarg, NULL);
2526 	else
2527 	    evalarg->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2528     }
2529 
2530     return OK;
2531 }
2532 
2533 /*
2534  * Handle second level expression:
2535  *	expr3 && expr3 && expr3	    logical AND
2536  *
2537  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2538  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2539  *
2540  * Return OK or FAIL.
2541  */
2542     static int
2543 eval3(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2544 {
2545     char_u	*p;
2546     int		getnext;
2547 
2548     /*
2549      * Get the first variable.
2550      */
2551     if (eval4(arg, rettv, evalarg) == FAIL)
2552 	return FAIL;
2553 
2554     /*
2555      * Handle the "&&" operator.
2556      */
2557     p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
2558     if (p[0] == '&' && p[1] == '&')
2559     {
2560 	evalarg_T   *evalarg_used = evalarg;
2561 	evalarg_T   local_evalarg;
2562 	int	    orig_flags;
2563 	int	    evaluate;
2564 	long	    result = TRUE;
2565 	typval_T    var2;
2566 	int	    error = FALSE;
2567 	int	    vim9script = in_vim9script();
2568 
2569 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2570 	{
2571 	    CLEAR_FIELD(local_evalarg);
2572 	    evalarg_used = &local_evalarg;
2573 	}
2574 	orig_flags = evalarg_used->eval_flags;
2575 	evaluate = orig_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE;
2576 	if (evaluate)
2577 	{
2578 	    if (vim9script)
2579 		result = tv_get_bool_chk(rettv, &error);
2580 	    else if (tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error) == 0)
2581 		result = FALSE;
2582 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2583 	    if (error)
2584 		return FAIL;
2585 	}
2586 
2587 	/*
2588 	 * Repeat until there is no following "&&".
2589 	 */
2590 	while (p[0] == '&' && p[1] == '&')
2591 	{
2592 	    if (getnext)
2593 		*arg = eval_next_line(evalarg_used);
2594 	    else
2595 	    {
2596 		if (evaluate && vim9script && !VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1]))
2597 		{
2598 		    error_white_both(p, 2);
2599 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2600 		    return FAIL;
2601 		}
2602 		*arg = p;
2603 	    }
2604 
2605 	    /*
2606 	     * Get the second variable.
2607 	     */
2608 	    if (evaluate && in_vim9script() && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[2]))
2609 	    {
2610 		error_white_both(p, 2);
2611 		clear_tv(rettv);
2612 		return FAIL;
2613 	    }
2614 	    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 2, evalarg_used);
2615 	    evalarg_used->eval_flags = result ? orig_flags
2616 						 : orig_flags & ~EVAL_EVALUATE;
2617 	    CLEAR_FIELD(var2);
2618 	    if (eval4(arg, &var2, evalarg_used) == FAIL)
2619 		return FAIL;
2620 
2621 	    /*
2622 	     * Compute the result.
2623 	     */
2624 	    if (evaluate && result)
2625 	    {
2626 		if (vim9script)
2627 		    result = tv_get_bool_chk(&var2, &error);
2628 		else if (tv_get_number_chk(&var2, &error) == 0)
2629 		    result = FALSE;
2630 		clear_tv(&var2);
2631 		if (error)
2632 		    return FAIL;
2633 	    }
2634 	    if (evaluate)
2635 	    {
2636 		if (vim9script)
2637 		{
2638 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
2639 		    rettv->vval.v_number = result ? VVAL_TRUE : VVAL_FALSE;
2640 		}
2641 		else
2642 		{
2643 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
2644 		    rettv->vval.v_number = result;
2645 		}
2646 	    }
2647 
2648 	    p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg_used, &getnext);
2649 	}
2650 
2651 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2652 	    clear_evalarg(&local_evalarg, NULL);
2653 	else
2654 	    evalarg->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2655     }
2656 
2657     return OK;
2658 }
2659 
2660 /*
2661  * Handle third level expression:
2662  *	var1 == var2
2663  *	var1 =~ var2
2664  *	var1 != var2
2665  *	var1 !~ var2
2666  *	var1 > var2
2667  *	var1 >= var2
2668  *	var1 < var2
2669  *	var1 <= var2
2670  *	var1 is var2
2671  *	var1 isnot var2
2672  *
2673  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2674  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2675  *
2676  * Return OK or FAIL.
2677  */
2678     static int
2679 eval4(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2680 {
2681     char_u	*p;
2682     int		getnext;
2683     exprtype_T	type = EXPR_UNKNOWN;
2684     int		len = 2;
2685     int		type_is = FALSE;
2686 
2687     /*
2688      * Get the first variable.
2689      */
2690     if (eval5(arg, rettv, evalarg) == FAIL)
2691 	return FAIL;
2692 
2693     p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
2694     type = get_compare_type(p, &len, &type_is);
2695 
2696     /*
2697      * If there is a comparative operator, use it.
2698      */
2699     if (type != EXPR_UNKNOWN)
2700     {
2701 	typval_T    var2;
2702 	int	    ic;
2703 	int	    vim9script = in_vim9script();
2704 	int	    evaluate = evalarg == NULL
2705 				   ? 0 : (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
2706 
2707 	if (getnext)
2708 	    *arg = eval_next_line(evalarg);
2709 	else if (evaluate && vim9script && !VIM_ISWHITE(**arg))
2710 	{
2711 	    error_white_both(p, len);
2712 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2713 	    return FAIL;
2714 	}
2715 
2716 	if (vim9script && type_is && (p[len] == '?' || p[len] == '#'))
2717 	{
2718 	    semsg(_(e_invexpr2), p);
2719 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2720 	    return FAIL;
2721 	}
2722 
2723 	// extra question mark appended: ignore case
2724 	if (p[len] == '?')
2725 	{
2726 	    ic = TRUE;
2727 	    ++len;
2728 	}
2729 	// extra '#' appended: match case
2730 	else if (p[len] == '#')
2731 	{
2732 	    ic = FALSE;
2733 	    ++len;
2734 	}
2735 	// nothing appended: use 'ignorecase' if not in Vim script
2736 	else
2737 	    ic = vim9script ? FALSE : p_ic;
2738 
2739 	/*
2740 	 * Get the second variable.
2741 	 */
2742 	if (evaluate && vim9script && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[len]))
2743 	{
2744 	    error_white_both(p, 1);
2745 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2746 	    return FAIL;
2747 	}
2748 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(p + len, evalarg);
2749 	if (eval5(arg, &var2, evalarg) == FAIL)
2750 	{
2751 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2752 	    return FAIL;
2753 	}
2754 	if (evaluate)
2755 	{
2756 	    int ret;
2757 
2758 	    if (vim9script && check_compare_types(type, rettv, &var2) == FAIL)
2759 	    {
2760 		ret = FAIL;
2761 		clear_tv(rettv);
2762 	    }
2763 	    else
2764 		ret = typval_compare(rettv, &var2, type, ic);
2765 	    clear_tv(&var2);
2766 	    return ret;
2767 	}
2768     }
2769 
2770     return OK;
2771 }
2772 
2773 /*
2774  * Make a copy of blob "tv1" and append blob "tv2".
2775  */
2776     void
2777 eval_addblob(typval_T *tv1, typval_T *tv2)
2778 {
2779     blob_T  *b1 = tv1->vval.v_blob;
2780     blob_T  *b2 = tv2->vval.v_blob;
2781     blob_T  *b = blob_alloc();
2782     int	    i;
2783 
2784     if (b != NULL)
2785     {
2786 	for (i = 0; i < blob_len(b1); i++)
2787 	    ga_append(&b->bv_ga, blob_get(b1, i));
2788 	for (i = 0; i < blob_len(b2); i++)
2789 	    ga_append(&b->bv_ga, blob_get(b2, i));
2790 
2791 	clear_tv(tv1);
2792 	rettv_blob_set(tv1, b);
2793     }
2794 }
2795 
2796 /*
2797  * Make a copy of list "tv1" and append list "tv2".
2798  */
2799     int
2800 eval_addlist(typval_T *tv1, typval_T *tv2)
2801 {
2802     typval_T var3;
2803 
2804     // concatenate Lists
2805     if (list_concat(tv1->vval.v_list, tv2->vval.v_list, &var3) == FAIL)
2806     {
2807 	clear_tv(tv1);
2808 	clear_tv(tv2);
2809 	return FAIL;
2810     }
2811     clear_tv(tv1);
2812     *tv1 = var3;
2813     return OK;
2814 }
2815 
2816 /*
2817  * Handle fourth level expression:
2818  *	+	number addition
2819  *	-	number subtraction
2820  *	.	string concatenation (if script version is 1)
2821  *	..	string concatenation
2822  *
2823  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2824  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2825  *
2826  * Return OK or FAIL.
2827  */
2828     static int
2829 eval5(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2830 {
2831     /*
2832      * Get the first variable.
2833      */
2834     if (eval6(arg, rettv, evalarg, FALSE) == FAIL)
2835 	return FAIL;
2836 
2837     /*
2838      * Repeat computing, until no '+', '-' or '.' is following.
2839      */
2840     for (;;)
2841     {
2842 	int	    evaluate;
2843 	int	    getnext;
2844 	char_u	    *p;
2845 	int	    op;
2846 	int	    oplen;
2847 	int	    concat;
2848 	typval_T    var2;
2849 	int	    vim9script = in_vim9script();
2850 
2851 	// "." is only string concatenation when scriptversion is 1
2852 	// "+=" and "-=" are assignment
2853 	p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
2854 	op = *p;
2855 	concat = op == '.' && (*(p + 1) == '.' || current_sctx.sc_version < 2);
2856 	if ((op != '+' && op != '-' && !concat) || p[1] == '=')
2857 	    break;
2858 
2859 	evaluate = evalarg == NULL ? 0 : (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
2860 	oplen = (concat && p[1] == '.') ? 2 : 1;
2861 	if (getnext)
2862 	    *arg = eval_next_line(evalarg);
2863 	else
2864 	{
2865 	    if (evaluate && vim9script && !VIM_ISWHITE(**arg))
2866 	    {
2867 		error_white_both(p, oplen);
2868 		clear_tv(rettv);
2869 		return FAIL;
2870 	    }
2871 	    *arg = p;
2872 	}
2873 	if ((op != '+' || (rettv->v_type != VAR_LIST
2874 						 && rettv->v_type != VAR_BLOB))
2875 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2876 		&& (op == '.' || rettv->v_type != VAR_FLOAT)
2877 #endif
2878 		&& evaluate)
2879 	{
2880 	    int		error = FALSE;
2881 
2882 	    // For "list + ...", an illegal use of the first operand as
2883 	    // a number cannot be determined before evaluating the 2nd
2884 	    // operand: if this is also a list, all is ok.
2885 	    // For "something . ...", "something - ..." or "non-list + ...",
2886 	    // we know that the first operand needs to be a string or number
2887 	    // without evaluating the 2nd operand.  So check before to avoid
2888 	    // side effects after an error.
2889 	    if (op != '.')
2890 		tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
2891 	    if ((op == '.' && tv_get_string_chk(rettv) == NULL) || error)
2892 	    {
2893 		clear_tv(rettv);
2894 		return FAIL;
2895 	    }
2896 	}
2897 
2898 	/*
2899 	 * Get the second variable.
2900 	 */
2901 	if (evaluate && vim9script && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[oplen]))
2902 	{
2903 	    error_white_both(p, oplen);
2904 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2905 	    return FAIL;
2906 	}
2907 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + oplen, evalarg);
2908 	if (eval6(arg, &var2, evalarg, !vim9script && op == '.') == FAIL)
2909 	{
2910 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2911 	    return FAIL;
2912 	}
2913 
2914 	if (evaluate)
2915 	{
2916 	    /*
2917 	     * Compute the result.
2918 	     */
2919 	    if (op == '.')
2920 	    {
2921 		char_u	buf1[NUMBUFLEN], buf2[NUMBUFLEN];
2922 		char_u	*s1 = tv_get_string_buf(rettv, buf1);
2923 		char_u	*s2 = NULL;
2924 
2925 		if (vim9script && (var2.v_type == VAR_VOID
2926 			|| var2.v_type == VAR_CHANNEL
2927 			|| var2.v_type == VAR_JOB))
2928 		    emsg(_(e_inval_string));
2929 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2930 		else if (vim9script && var2.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
2931 		{
2932 		    vim_snprintf((char *)buf2, NUMBUFLEN, "%g",
2933 							    var2.vval.v_float);
2934 		    s2 = buf2;
2935 		}
2936 #endif
2937 		else
2938 		    s2 = tv_get_string_buf_chk(&var2, buf2);
2939 		if (s2 == NULL)		// type error ?
2940 		{
2941 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2942 		    clear_tv(&var2);
2943 		    return FAIL;
2944 		}
2945 		p = concat_str(s1, s2);
2946 		clear_tv(rettv);
2947 		rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
2948 		rettv->vval.v_string = p;
2949 	    }
2950 	    else if (op == '+' && rettv->v_type == VAR_BLOB
2951 						   && var2.v_type == VAR_BLOB)
2952 		eval_addblob(rettv, &var2);
2953 	    else if (op == '+' && rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST
2954 						   && var2.v_type == VAR_LIST)
2955 	    {
2956 		if (eval_addlist(rettv, &var2) == FAIL)
2957 		    return FAIL;
2958 	    }
2959 	    else
2960 	    {
2961 		int		error = FALSE;
2962 		varnumber_T	n1, n2;
2963 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2964 		float_T	    f1 = 0, f2 = 0;
2965 
2966 		if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
2967 		{
2968 		    f1 = rettv->vval.v_float;
2969 		    n1 = 0;
2970 		}
2971 		else
2972 #endif
2973 		{
2974 		    n1 = tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
2975 		    if (error)
2976 		    {
2977 			// This can only happen for "list + non-list".  For
2978 			// "non-list + ..." or "something - ...", we returned
2979 			// before evaluating the 2nd operand.
2980 			clear_tv(rettv);
2981 			return FAIL;
2982 		    }
2983 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2984 		    if (var2.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
2985 			f1 = n1;
2986 #endif
2987 		}
2988 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2989 		if (var2.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
2990 		{
2991 		    f2 = var2.vval.v_float;
2992 		    n2 = 0;
2993 		}
2994 		else
2995 #endif
2996 		{
2997 		    n2 = tv_get_number_chk(&var2, &error);
2998 		    if (error)
2999 		    {
3000 			clear_tv(rettv);
3001 			clear_tv(&var2);
3002 			return FAIL;
3003 		    }
3004 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3005 		    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3006 			f2 = n2;
3007 #endif
3008 		}
3009 		clear_tv(rettv);
3010 
3011 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3012 		// If there is a float on either side the result is a float.
3013 		if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT || var2.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3014 		{
3015 		    if (op == '+')
3016 			f1 = f1 + f2;
3017 		    else
3018 			f1 = f1 - f2;
3019 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_FLOAT;
3020 		    rettv->vval.v_float = f1;
3021 		}
3022 		else
3023 #endif
3024 		{
3025 		    if (op == '+')
3026 			n1 = n1 + n2;
3027 		    else
3028 			n1 = n1 - n2;
3029 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
3030 		    rettv->vval.v_number = n1;
3031 		}
3032 	    }
3033 	    clear_tv(&var2);
3034 	}
3035     }
3036     return OK;
3037 }
3038 
3039 /*
3040  * Handle fifth level expression:
3041  *	*	number multiplication
3042  *	/	number division
3043  *	%	number modulo
3044  *
3045  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
3046  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
3047  *
3048  * Return OK or FAIL.
3049  */
3050     static int
3051 eval6(
3052     char_u	**arg,
3053     typval_T	*rettv,
3054     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
3055     int		want_string)  // after "." operator
3056 {
3057 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3058     int	    use_float = FALSE;
3059 #endif
3060 
3061     /*
3062      * Get the first variable.
3063      */
3064     if (eval7(arg, rettv, evalarg, want_string) == FAIL)
3065 	return FAIL;
3066 
3067     /*
3068      * Repeat computing, until no '*', '/' or '%' is following.
3069      */
3070     for (;;)
3071     {
3072 	int	    evaluate;
3073 	int	    getnext;
3074 	typval_T    var2;
3075 	char_u	    *p;
3076 	int	    op;
3077 	varnumber_T n1, n2;
3078 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3079 	float_T	    f1, f2;
3080 #endif
3081 	int	    error;
3082 
3083 	p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
3084 	op = *p;
3085 	if (op != '*' && op != '/' && op != '%')
3086 	    break;
3087 
3088 	evaluate = evalarg == NULL ? 0 : (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
3089 	if (getnext)
3090 	    *arg = eval_next_line(evalarg);
3091 	else
3092 	{
3093 	    if (evaluate && in_vim9script() && !VIM_ISWHITE(**arg))
3094 	    {
3095 		error_white_both(p, 1);
3096 		clear_tv(rettv);
3097 		return FAIL;
3098 	    }
3099 	    *arg = p;
3100 	}
3101 
3102 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3103 	f1 = 0;
3104 	f2 = 0;
3105 #endif
3106 	error = FALSE;
3107 	if (evaluate)
3108 	{
3109 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3110 	    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3111 	    {
3112 		f1 = rettv->vval.v_float;
3113 		use_float = TRUE;
3114 		n1 = 0;
3115 	    }
3116 	    else
3117 #endif
3118 		n1 = tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
3119 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3120 	    if (error)
3121 		return FAIL;
3122 	}
3123 	else
3124 	    n1 = 0;
3125 
3126 	/*
3127 	 * Get the second variable.
3128 	 */
3129 	if (evaluate && in_vim9script() && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[1]))
3130 	{
3131 	    error_white_both(p, 1);
3132 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3133 	    return FAIL;
3134 	}
3135 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg);
3136 	if (eval7(arg, &var2, evalarg, FALSE) == FAIL)
3137 	    return FAIL;
3138 
3139 	if (evaluate)
3140 	{
3141 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3142 	    if (var2.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3143 	    {
3144 		if (!use_float)
3145 		{
3146 		    f1 = n1;
3147 		    use_float = TRUE;
3148 		}
3149 		f2 = var2.vval.v_float;
3150 		n2 = 0;
3151 	    }
3152 	    else
3153 #endif
3154 	    {
3155 		n2 = tv_get_number_chk(&var2, &error);
3156 		clear_tv(&var2);
3157 		if (error)
3158 		    return FAIL;
3159 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3160 		if (use_float)
3161 		    f2 = n2;
3162 #endif
3163 	    }
3164 
3165 	    /*
3166 	     * Compute the result.
3167 	     * When either side is a float the result is a float.
3168 	     */
3169 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3170 	    if (use_float)
3171 	    {
3172 		if (op == '*')
3173 		    f1 = f1 * f2;
3174 		else if (op == '/')
3175 		{
3176 # ifdef VMS
3177 		    // VMS crashes on divide by zero, work around it
3178 		    if (f2 == 0.0)
3179 		    {
3180 			if (f1 == 0)
3181 			    f1 = -1 * __F_FLT_MAX - 1L;   // similar to NaN
3182 			else if (f1 < 0)
3183 			    f1 = -1 * __F_FLT_MAX;
3184 			else
3185 			    f1 = __F_FLT_MAX;
3186 		    }
3187 		    else
3188 			f1 = f1 / f2;
3189 # else
3190 		    // We rely on the floating point library to handle divide
3191 		    // by zero to result in "inf" and not a crash.
3192 		    f1 = f1 / f2;
3193 # endif
3194 		}
3195 		else
3196 		{
3197 		    emsg(_(e_modulus));
3198 		    return FAIL;
3199 		}
3200 		rettv->v_type = VAR_FLOAT;
3201 		rettv->vval.v_float = f1;
3202 	    }
3203 	    else
3204 #endif
3205 	    {
3206 		int	    failed = FALSE;
3207 
3208 		if (op == '*')
3209 		    n1 = n1 * n2;
3210 		else if (op == '/')
3211 		    n1 = num_divide(n1, n2, &failed);
3212 		else
3213 		    n1 = num_modulus(n1, n2, &failed);
3214 		if (failed)
3215 		    return FAIL;
3216 
3217 		rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
3218 		rettv->vval.v_number = n1;
3219 	    }
3220 	}
3221     }
3222 
3223     return OK;
3224 }
3225 
3226     int
3227 eval_leader(char_u **arg, int vim9)
3228 {
3229     char_u	*s = *arg;
3230     char_u	*p = *arg;
3231 
3232     while (*p == '!' || *p == '-' || *p == '+')
3233     {
3234 	char_u *n = skipwhite(p + 1);
3235 
3236 	// ++, --, -+ and +- are not accepted in Vim9 script
3237 	if (vim9 && (*p == '-' || *p == '+') && (*n == '-' || *n == '+'))
3238 	{
3239 	    semsg(_(e_invexpr2), s);
3240 	    return FAIL;
3241 	}
3242 	p = n;
3243     }
3244     *arg = p;
3245     return OK;
3246 }
3247 
3248 /*
3249  * Handle sixth level expression:
3250  *  number		number constant
3251  *  0zFFFFFFFF		Blob constant
3252  *  "string"		string constant
3253  *  'string'		literal string constant
3254  *  &option-name	option value
3255  *  @r			register contents
3256  *  identifier		variable value
3257  *  function()		function call
3258  *  $VAR		environment variable
3259  *  (expression)	nested expression
3260  *  [expr, expr]	List
3261  *  {arg, arg -> expr}	Lambda
3262  *  {key: val, key: val}   Dictionary
3263  *  #{key: val, key: val}  Dictionary with literal keys
3264  *
3265  *  Also handle:
3266  *  ! in front		logical NOT
3267  *  - in front		unary minus
3268  *  + in front		unary plus (ignored)
3269  *  trailing []		subscript in String or List
3270  *  trailing .name	entry in Dictionary
3271  *  trailing ->name()	method call
3272  *
3273  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
3274  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
3275  *
3276  * Return OK or FAIL.
3277  */
3278     static int
3279 eval7(
3280     char_u	**arg,
3281     typval_T	*rettv,
3282     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
3283     int		want_string)	// after "." operator
3284 {
3285     int		evaluate = evalarg != NULL
3286 				      && (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
3287     int		len;
3288     char_u	*s;
3289     char_u	*start_leader, *end_leader;
3290     int		ret = OK;
3291     char_u	*alias;
3292 
3293     /*
3294      * Initialise variable so that clear_tv() can't mistake this for a
3295      * string and free a string that isn't there.
3296      */
3297     rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3298 
3299     /*
3300      * Skip '!', '-' and '+' characters.  They are handled later.
3301      */
3302     start_leader = *arg;
3303     if (eval_leader(arg, in_vim9script()) == FAIL)
3304 	return FAIL;
3305     end_leader = *arg;
3306 
3307     if (**arg == '.' && (!isdigit(*(*arg + 1))
3308 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3309 	    || current_sctx.sc_version < 2
3310 #endif
3311 	    ))
3312     {
3313 	semsg(_(e_invexpr2), *arg);
3314 	++*arg;
3315 	return FAIL;
3316     }
3317 
3318     switch (**arg)
3319     {
3320     /*
3321      * Number constant.
3322      */
3323     case '0':
3324     case '1':
3325     case '2':
3326     case '3':
3327     case '4':
3328     case '5':
3329     case '6':
3330     case '7':
3331     case '8':
3332     case '9':
3333     case '.':	ret = eval_number(arg, rettv, evaluate, want_string);
3334 
3335 		// Apply prefixed "-" and "+" now.  Matters especially when
3336 		// "->" follows.
3337 		if (ret == OK && evaluate && end_leader > start_leader
3338 						  && rettv->v_type != VAR_BLOB)
3339 		    ret = eval7_leader(rettv, TRUE, start_leader, &end_leader);
3340 		break;
3341 
3342     /*
3343      * String constant: "string".
3344      */
3345     case '"':	ret = eval_string(arg, rettv, evaluate);
3346 		break;
3347 
3348     /*
3349      * Literal string constant: 'str''ing'.
3350      */
3351     case '\'':	ret = eval_lit_string(arg, rettv, evaluate);
3352 		break;
3353 
3354     /*
3355      * List: [expr, expr]
3356      */
3357     case '[':	ret = eval_list(arg, rettv, evalarg, TRUE);
3358 		break;
3359 
3360     /*
3361      * Dictionary: #{key: val, key: val}
3362      */
3363     case '#':	if (!in_vim9script() && (*arg)[1] == '{')
3364 		{
3365 		    ++*arg;
3366 		    ret = eval_dict(arg, rettv, evalarg, TRUE);
3367 		}
3368 		else
3369 		    ret = NOTDONE;
3370 		break;
3371 
3372     /*
3373      * Lambda: {arg, arg -> expr}
3374      * Dictionary: {'key': val, 'key': val}
3375      */
3376     case '{':	if (in_vim9script())
3377 		    ret = NOTDONE;
3378 		else
3379 		    ret = get_lambda_tv(arg, rettv, in_vim9script(), evalarg);
3380 		if (ret == NOTDONE)
3381 		    ret = eval_dict(arg, rettv, evalarg, FALSE);
3382 		break;
3383 
3384     /*
3385      * Option value: &name
3386      */
3387     case '&':	ret = eval_option(arg, rettv, evaluate);
3388 		break;
3389 
3390     /*
3391      * Environment variable: $VAR.
3392      */
3393     case '$':	ret = eval_env_var(arg, rettv, evaluate);
3394 		break;
3395 
3396     /*
3397      * Register contents: @r.
3398      */
3399     case '@':	++*arg;
3400 		if (evaluate)
3401 		{
3402 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
3403 		    rettv->vval.v_string = get_reg_contents(**arg,
3404 							    GREG_EXPR_SRC);
3405 		}
3406 		if (**arg != NUL)
3407 		    ++*arg;
3408 		break;
3409 
3410     /*
3411      * nested expression: (expression).
3412      * lambda: (arg) => expr
3413      */
3414     case '(':	ret = NOTDONE;
3415 		if (in_vim9script())
3416 		{
3417 		    ret = get_lambda_tv(arg, rettv, TRUE, evalarg);
3418 		    if (ret == OK && evaluate)
3419 		    {
3420 			ufunc_T *ufunc = rettv->vval.v_partial->pt_func;
3421 
3422 			// compile it here to get the return type
3423 			if (compile_def_function(ufunc,
3424 					 TRUE, PROFILING(ufunc), NULL) == FAIL)
3425 			{
3426 			    clear_tv(rettv);
3427 			    ret = FAIL;
3428 			}
3429 		    }
3430 		}
3431 		if (ret == NOTDONE)
3432 		{
3433 		    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg);
3434 		    ret = eval1(arg, rettv, evalarg);	// recursive!
3435 
3436 		    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg, evalarg);
3437 		    if (**arg == ')')
3438 			++*arg;
3439 		    else if (ret == OK)
3440 		    {
3441 			emsg(_(e_missing_close));
3442 			clear_tv(rettv);
3443 			ret = FAIL;
3444 		    }
3445 		}
3446 		break;
3447 
3448     default:	ret = NOTDONE;
3449 		break;
3450     }
3451 
3452     if (ret == NOTDONE)
3453     {
3454 	/*
3455 	 * Must be a variable or function name.
3456 	 * Can also be a curly-braces kind of name: {expr}.
3457 	 */
3458 	s = *arg;
3459 	len = get_name_len(arg, &alias, evaluate, TRUE);
3460 	if (alias != NULL)
3461 	    s = alias;
3462 
3463 	if (len <= 0)
3464 	    ret = FAIL;
3465 	else
3466 	{
3467 	    int	    flags = evalarg == NULL ? 0 : evalarg->eval_flags;
3468 
3469 	    if ((in_vim9script() ? **arg : *skipwhite(*arg)) == '(')
3470 	    {
3471 		// "name(..."  recursive!
3472 		*arg = skipwhite(*arg);
3473 		ret = eval_func(arg, evalarg, s, len, rettv, flags, NULL);
3474 	    }
3475 	    else if (flags & EVAL_CONSTANT)
3476 		ret = FAIL;
3477 	    else if (evaluate)
3478 	    {
3479 		// get the value of "true", "false" or a variable
3480 		if (len == 4 && in_vim9script() && STRNCMP(s, "true", 4) == 0)
3481 		{
3482 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3483 		    rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_TRUE;
3484 		    ret = OK;
3485 		}
3486 		else if (len == 5 && in_vim9script()
3487 						&& STRNCMP(s, "false", 5) == 0)
3488 		{
3489 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3490 		    rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_FALSE;
3491 		    ret = OK;
3492 		}
3493 		else if (len == 4 && in_vim9script()
3494 						&& STRNCMP(s, "null", 4) == 0)
3495 		{
3496 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_SPECIAL;
3497 		    rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_NULL;
3498 		    ret = OK;
3499 		}
3500 		else
3501 		    ret = eval_variable(s, len, rettv, NULL, TRUE, FALSE);
3502 	    }
3503 	    else
3504 	    {
3505 		// skip the name
3506 		check_vars(s, len);
3507 		ret = OK;
3508 	    }
3509 	}
3510 	vim_free(alias);
3511     }
3512 
3513     // Handle following '[', '(' and '.' for expr[expr], expr.name,
3514     // expr(expr), expr->name(expr)
3515     if (ret == OK)
3516 	ret = handle_subscript(arg, rettv, evalarg, TRUE);
3517 
3518     /*
3519      * Apply logical NOT and unary '-', from right to left, ignore '+'.
3520      */
3521     if (ret == OK && evaluate && end_leader > start_leader)
3522 	ret = eval7_leader(rettv, FALSE, start_leader, &end_leader);
3523     return ret;
3524 }
3525 
3526 /*
3527  * Apply the leading "!" and "-" before an eval7 expression to "rettv".
3528  * When "numeric_only" is TRUE only handle "+" and "-".
3529  * Adjusts "end_leaderp" until it is at "start_leader".
3530  */
3531     static int
3532 eval7_leader(
3533 	typval_T    *rettv,
3534 	int	    numeric_only,
3535 	char_u	    *start_leader,
3536 	char_u	    **end_leaderp)
3537 {
3538     char_u	*end_leader = *end_leaderp;
3539     int		ret = OK;
3540     int		error = FALSE;
3541     varnumber_T val = 0;
3542     vartype_T	type = rettv->v_type;
3543 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3544     float_T	    f = 0.0;
3545 
3546     if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3547 	f = rettv->vval.v_float;
3548     else
3549 #endif
3550     {
3551 	while (VIM_ISWHITE(end_leader[-1]))
3552 	    --end_leader;
3553 	if (in_vim9script() && end_leader[-1] == '!')
3554 	    val = tv2bool(rettv);
3555 	else
3556 	    val = tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
3557     }
3558     if (error)
3559     {
3560 	clear_tv(rettv);
3561 	ret = FAIL;
3562     }
3563     else
3564     {
3565 	while (end_leader > start_leader)
3566 	{
3567 	    --end_leader;
3568 	    if (*end_leader == '!')
3569 	    {
3570 		if (numeric_only)
3571 		{
3572 		    ++end_leader;
3573 		    break;
3574 		}
3575 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3576 		if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3577 		{
3578 		    if (in_vim9script())
3579 		    {
3580 			rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3581 			val = f == 0.0 ? VVAL_TRUE : VVAL_FALSE;
3582 		    }
3583 		    else
3584 			f = !f;
3585 		}
3586 		else
3587 #endif
3588 		{
3589 		    val = !val;
3590 		    type = VAR_BOOL;
3591 		}
3592 	    }
3593 	    else if (*end_leader == '-')
3594 	    {
3595 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3596 		if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3597 		    f = -f;
3598 		else
3599 #endif
3600 		{
3601 		    val = -val;
3602 		    type = VAR_NUMBER;
3603 		}
3604 	    }
3605 	}
3606 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3607 	if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3608 	{
3609 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3610 	    rettv->vval.v_float = f;
3611 	}
3612 	else
3613 #endif
3614 	{
3615 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3616 	    if (in_vim9script())
3617 		rettv->v_type = type;
3618 	    else
3619 		rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
3620 	    rettv->vval.v_number = val;
3621 	}
3622     }
3623     *end_leaderp = end_leader;
3624     return ret;
3625 }
3626 
3627 /*
3628  * Call the function referred to in "rettv".
3629  */
3630     static int
3631 call_func_rettv(
3632 	char_u	    **arg,
3633 	evalarg_T   *evalarg,
3634 	typval_T    *rettv,
3635 	int	    evaluate,
3636 	dict_T	    *selfdict,
3637 	typval_T    *basetv)
3638 {
3639     partial_T	*pt = NULL;
3640     funcexe_T	funcexe;
3641     typval_T	functv;
3642     char_u	*s;
3643     int		ret;
3644 
3645     // need to copy the funcref so that we can clear rettv
3646     if (evaluate)
3647     {
3648 	functv = *rettv;
3649 	rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3650 
3651 	// Invoke the function.  Recursive!
3652 	if (functv.v_type == VAR_PARTIAL)
3653 	{
3654 	    pt = functv.vval.v_partial;
3655 	    s = partial_name(pt);
3656 	}
3657 	else
3658 	    s = functv.vval.v_string;
3659     }
3660     else
3661 	s = (char_u *)"";
3662 
3663     CLEAR_FIELD(funcexe);
3664     funcexe.firstline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
3665     funcexe.lastline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
3666     funcexe.evaluate = evaluate;
3667     funcexe.partial = pt;
3668     funcexe.selfdict = selfdict;
3669     funcexe.basetv = basetv;
3670     ret = get_func_tv(s, -1, rettv, arg, evalarg, &funcexe);
3671 
3672     // Clear the funcref afterwards, so that deleting it while
3673     // evaluating the arguments is possible (see test55).
3674     if (evaluate)
3675 	clear_tv(&functv);
3676 
3677     return ret;
3678 }
3679 
3680 /*
3681  * Evaluate "->method()".
3682  * "*arg" points to "method".
3683  * Returns FAIL or OK. "*arg" is advanced to after the ')'.
3684  */
3685     static int
3686 eval_lambda(
3687     char_u	**arg,
3688     typval_T	*rettv,
3689     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
3690     int		verbose)	// give error messages
3691 {
3692     int		evaluate = evalarg != NULL
3693 				      && (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
3694     typval_T	base = *rettv;
3695     int		ret;
3696 
3697     rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3698 
3699     if (**arg == '{')
3700     {
3701 	// ->{lambda}()
3702 	ret = get_lambda_tv(arg, rettv, FALSE, evalarg);
3703     }
3704     else
3705     {
3706 	// ->(lambda)()
3707 	++*arg;
3708 	ret = eval1(arg, rettv, evalarg);
3709 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg, evalarg);
3710 	if (**arg != ')')
3711 	{
3712 	    emsg(_(e_missing_close));
3713 	    ret = FAIL;
3714 	}
3715 	++*arg;
3716     }
3717     if (ret != OK)
3718 	return FAIL;
3719     else if (**arg != '(')
3720     {
3721 	if (verbose)
3722 	{
3723 	    if (*skipwhite(*arg) == '(')
3724 		emsg(_(e_nowhitespace));
3725 	    else
3726 		semsg(_(e_missing_paren), "lambda");
3727 	}
3728 	clear_tv(rettv);
3729 	ret = FAIL;
3730     }
3731     else
3732 	ret = call_func_rettv(arg, evalarg, rettv, evaluate, NULL, &base);
3733 
3734     // Clear the funcref afterwards, so that deleting it while
3735     // evaluating the arguments is possible (see test55).
3736     if (evaluate)
3737 	clear_tv(&base);
3738 
3739     return ret;
3740 }
3741 
3742 /*
3743  * Evaluate "->method()".
3744  * "*arg" points to "method".
3745  * Returns FAIL or OK. "*arg" is advanced to after the ')'.
3746  */
3747     static int
3748 eval_method(
3749     char_u	**arg,
3750     typval_T	*rettv,
3751     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
3752     int		verbose)	// give error messages
3753 {
3754     char_u	*name;
3755     long	len;
3756     char_u	*alias;
3757     typval_T	base = *rettv;
3758     int		ret;
3759     int		evaluate = evalarg != NULL
3760 				      && (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
3761 
3762     rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3763 
3764     name = *arg;
3765     len = get_name_len(arg, &alias, evaluate, TRUE);
3766     if (alias != NULL)
3767 	name = alias;
3768 
3769     if (len <= 0)
3770     {
3771 	if (verbose)
3772 	    emsg(_("E260: Missing name after ->"));
3773 	ret = FAIL;
3774     }
3775     else
3776     {
3777 	*arg = skipwhite(*arg);
3778 	if (**arg != '(')
3779 	{
3780 	    if (verbose)
3781 		semsg(_(e_missing_paren), name);
3782 	    ret = FAIL;
3783 	}
3784 	else if (VIM_ISWHITE((*arg)[-1]))
3785 	{
3786 	    if (verbose)
3787 		emsg(_(e_nowhitespace));
3788 	    ret = FAIL;
3789 	}
3790 	else
3791 	    ret = eval_func(arg, evalarg, name, len, rettv,
3792 					  evaluate ? EVAL_EVALUATE : 0, &base);
3793     }
3794 
3795     // Clear the funcref afterwards, so that deleting it while
3796     // evaluating the arguments is possible (see test55).
3797     if (evaluate)
3798 	clear_tv(&base);
3799 
3800     return ret;
3801 }
3802 
3803 /*
3804  * Evaluate an "[expr]" or "[expr:expr]" index.  Also "dict.key".
3805  * "*arg" points to the '[' or '.'.
3806  * Returns FAIL or OK. "*arg" is advanced to after the ']'.
3807  */
3808     static int
3809 eval_index(
3810     char_u	**arg,
3811     typval_T	*rettv,
3812     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
3813     int		verbose)	// give error messages
3814 {
3815     int		evaluate = evalarg != NULL
3816 				      && (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
3817     int		empty1 = FALSE, empty2 = FALSE;
3818     typval_T	var1, var2;
3819     int		range = FALSE;
3820     char_u	*key = NULL;
3821     int		keylen = -1;
3822     int		vim9 = in_vim9script();
3823 
3824     if (check_can_index(rettv, evaluate, verbose) == FAIL)
3825 	return FAIL;
3826 
3827     init_tv(&var1);
3828     init_tv(&var2);
3829     if (**arg == '.')
3830     {
3831 	/*
3832 	 * dict.name
3833 	 */
3834 	key = *arg + 1;
3835 	for (keylen = 0; eval_isdictc(key[keylen]); ++keylen)
3836 	    ;
3837 	if (keylen == 0)
3838 	    return FAIL;
3839 	*arg = key + keylen;
3840     }
3841     else
3842     {
3843 	/*
3844 	 * something[idx]
3845 	 *
3846 	 * Get the (first) variable from inside the [].
3847 	 */
3848 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg);
3849 	if (**arg == ':')
3850 	    empty1 = TRUE;
3851 	else if (eval1(arg, &var1, evalarg) == FAIL)	// recursive!
3852 	    return FAIL;
3853 	else if (vim9 && **arg == ':')
3854 	{
3855 	    semsg(_(e_white_space_required_before_and_after_str_at_str),
3856 								    ":", *arg);
3857 	    clear_tv(&var1);
3858 	    return FAIL;
3859 	}
3860 	else if (evaluate)
3861 	{
3862 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3863 	    // allow for indexing with float
3864 	    if (vim9 && rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT
3865 						   && var1.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3866 	    {
3867 		var1.vval.v_string = typval_tostring(&var1, TRUE);
3868 		var1.v_type = VAR_STRING;
3869 	    }
3870 #endif
3871 	    if (tv_get_string_chk(&var1) == NULL)
3872 	    {
3873 		// not a number or string
3874 		clear_tv(&var1);
3875 		return FAIL;
3876 	    }
3877 	}
3878 
3879 	/*
3880 	 * Get the second variable from inside the [:].
3881 	 */
3882 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg, evalarg);
3883 	if (**arg == ':')
3884 	{
3885 	    range = TRUE;
3886 	    ++*arg;
3887 	    if (vim9 && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) && **arg != ']')
3888 	    {
3889 		semsg(_(e_white_space_required_before_and_after_str_at_str),
3890 								":", *arg - 1);
3891 		if (!empty1)
3892 		    clear_tv(&var1);
3893 		return FAIL;
3894 	    }
3895 	    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg, evalarg);
3896 	    if (**arg == ']')
3897 		empty2 = TRUE;
3898 	    else if (eval1(arg, &var2, evalarg) == FAIL)	// recursive!
3899 	    {
3900 		if (!empty1)
3901 		    clear_tv(&var1);
3902 		return FAIL;
3903 	    }
3904 	    else if (evaluate && tv_get_string_chk(&var2) == NULL)
3905 	    {
3906 		// not a number or string
3907 		if (!empty1)
3908 		    clear_tv(&var1);
3909 		clear_tv(&var2);
3910 		return FAIL;
3911 	    }
3912 	}
3913 
3914 	// Check for the ']'.
3915 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg, evalarg);
3916 	if (**arg != ']')
3917 	{
3918 	    if (verbose)
3919 		emsg(_(e_missbrac));
3920 	    clear_tv(&var1);
3921 	    if (range)
3922 		clear_tv(&var2);
3923 	    return FAIL;
3924 	}
3925 	*arg = *arg + 1;	// skip over the ']'
3926     }
3927 
3928     if (evaluate)
3929     {
3930 	int res = eval_index_inner(rettv, range,
3931 		empty1 ? NULL : &var1, empty2 ? NULL : &var2, FALSE,
3932 		key, keylen, verbose);
3933 
3934 	if (!empty1)
3935 	    clear_tv(&var1);
3936 	if (range)
3937 	    clear_tv(&var2);
3938 	return res;
3939     }
3940     return OK;
3941 }
3942 
3943 /*
3944  * Check if "rettv" can have an [index] or [sli:ce]
3945  */
3946     int
3947 check_can_index(typval_T *rettv, int evaluate, int verbose)
3948 {
3949     switch (rettv->v_type)
3950     {
3951 	case VAR_FUNC:
3952 	case VAR_PARTIAL:
3953 	    if (verbose)
3954 		emsg(_("E695: Cannot index a Funcref"));
3955 	    return FAIL;
3956 	case VAR_FLOAT:
3957 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3958 	    if (verbose)
3959 		emsg(_(e_float_as_string));
3960 	    return FAIL;
3961 #endif
3962 	case VAR_BOOL:
3963 	case VAR_SPECIAL:
3964 	case VAR_JOB:
3965 	case VAR_CHANNEL:
3966 	    if (verbose)
3967 		emsg(_(e_cannot_index_special_variable));
3968 	    return FAIL;
3969 	case VAR_UNKNOWN:
3970 	case VAR_ANY:
3971 	case VAR_VOID:
3972 	    if (evaluate)
3973 	    {
3974 		emsg(_(e_cannot_index_special_variable));
3975 		return FAIL;
3976 	    }
3977 	    // FALLTHROUGH
3978 
3979 	case VAR_STRING:
3980 	case VAR_LIST:
3981 	case VAR_DICT:
3982 	case VAR_BLOB:
3983 	    break;
3984 	case VAR_NUMBER:
3985 	    if (in_vim9script())
3986 		emsg(_(e_cannot_index_number));
3987 	    break;
3988     }
3989     return OK;
3990 }
3991 
3992 /*
3993  * slice() function
3994  */
3995     void
3996 f_slice(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
3997 {
3998     if (check_can_index(argvars, TRUE, FALSE) == OK)
3999     {
4000 	copy_tv(argvars, rettv);
4001 	eval_index_inner(rettv, TRUE, argvars + 1,
4002 		argvars[2].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN ? NULL : argvars + 2,
4003 		TRUE, NULL, 0, FALSE);
4004     }
4005 }
4006 
4007 /*
4008  * Apply index or range to "rettv".
4009  * "var1" is the first index, NULL for [:expr].
4010  * "var2" is the second index, NULL for [expr] and [expr: ]
4011  * "exclusive" is TRUE for slice(): second index is exclusive, use character
4012  * index for string.
4013  * Alternatively, "key" is not NULL, then key[keylen] is the dict index.
4014  */
4015     int
4016 eval_index_inner(
4017 	typval_T    *rettv,
4018 	int	    is_range,
4019 	typval_T    *var1,
4020 	typval_T    *var2,
4021 	int	    exclusive,
4022 	char_u	    *key,
4023 	int	    keylen,
4024 	int	    verbose)
4025 {
4026     varnumber_T	    n1, n2 = 0;
4027     long	    len;
4028 
4029     n1 = 0;
4030     if (var1 != NULL && rettv->v_type != VAR_DICT)
4031 	n1 = tv_get_number(var1);
4032 
4033     if (is_range)
4034     {
4035 	if (rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
4036 	{
4037 	    if (verbose)
4038 		emsg(_(e_cannot_slice_dictionary));
4039 	    return FAIL;
4040 	}
4041 	if (var2 != NULL)
4042 	    n2 = tv_get_number(var2);
4043 	else
4044 	    n2 = VARNUM_MAX;
4045     }
4046 
4047     switch (rettv->v_type)
4048     {
4049 	case VAR_UNKNOWN:
4050 	case VAR_ANY:
4051 	case VAR_VOID:
4052 	case VAR_FUNC:
4053 	case VAR_PARTIAL:
4054 	case VAR_FLOAT:
4055 	case VAR_BOOL:
4056 	case VAR_SPECIAL:
4057 	case VAR_JOB:
4058 	case VAR_CHANNEL:
4059 	    break; // not evaluating, skipping over subscript
4060 
4061 	case VAR_NUMBER:
4062 	case VAR_STRING:
4063 	    {
4064 		char_u	*s = tv_get_string(rettv);
4065 
4066 		len = (long)STRLEN(s);
4067 		if (in_vim9script() || exclusive)
4068 		{
4069 		    if (is_range)
4070 			s = string_slice(s, n1, n2, exclusive);
4071 		    else
4072 			s = char_from_string(s, n1);
4073 		}
4074 		else if (is_range)
4075 		{
4076 		    // The resulting variable is a substring.  If the indexes
4077 		    // are out of range the result is empty.
4078 		    if (n1 < 0)
4079 		    {
4080 			n1 = len + n1;
4081 			if (n1 < 0)
4082 			    n1 = 0;
4083 		    }
4084 		    if (n2 < 0)
4085 			n2 = len + n2;
4086 		    else if (n2 >= len)
4087 			n2 = len;
4088 		    if (n1 >= len || n2 < 0 || n1 > n2)
4089 			s = NULL;
4090 		    else
4091 			s = vim_strnsave(s + n1, n2 - n1 + 1);
4092 		}
4093 		else
4094 		{
4095 		    // The resulting variable is a string of a single
4096 		    // character.  If the index is too big or negative the
4097 		    // result is empty.
4098 		    if (n1 >= len || n1 < 0)
4099 			s = NULL;
4100 		    else
4101 			s = vim_strnsave(s + n1, 1);
4102 		}
4103 		clear_tv(rettv);
4104 		rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
4105 		rettv->vval.v_string = s;
4106 	    }
4107 	    break;
4108 
4109 	case VAR_BLOB:
4110 	    len = blob_len(rettv->vval.v_blob);
4111 	    if (is_range)
4112 	    {
4113 		// The resulting variable is a sub-blob.  If the indexes
4114 		// are out of range the result is empty.
4115 		if (n1 < 0)
4116 		{
4117 		    n1 = len + n1;
4118 		    if (n1 < 0)
4119 			n1 = 0;
4120 		}
4121 		if (n2 < 0)
4122 		    n2 = len + n2;
4123 		else if (n2 >= len)
4124 		    n2 = len - (exclusive ? 0 : 1);
4125 		if (exclusive)
4126 		    --n2;
4127 		if (n1 >= len || n2 < 0 || n1 > n2)
4128 		{
4129 		    clear_tv(rettv);
4130 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_BLOB;
4131 		    rettv->vval.v_blob = NULL;
4132 		}
4133 		else
4134 		{
4135 		    blob_T  *blob = blob_alloc();
4136 		    long    i;
4137 
4138 		    if (blob != NULL)
4139 		    {
4140 			if (ga_grow(&blob->bv_ga, n2 - n1 + 1) == FAIL)
4141 			{
4142 			    blob_free(blob);
4143 			    return FAIL;
4144 			}
4145 			blob->bv_ga.ga_len = n2 - n1 + 1;
4146 			for (i = n1; i <= n2; i++)
4147 			    blob_set(blob, i - n1,
4148 					  blob_get(rettv->vval.v_blob, i));
4149 
4150 			clear_tv(rettv);
4151 			rettv_blob_set(rettv, blob);
4152 		    }
4153 		}
4154 	    }
4155 	    else
4156 	    {
4157 		// The resulting variable is a byte value.
4158 		// If the index is too big or negative that is an error.
4159 		if (n1 < 0)
4160 		    n1 = len + n1;
4161 		if (n1 < len && n1 >= 0)
4162 		{
4163 		    int v = blob_get(rettv->vval.v_blob, n1);
4164 
4165 		    clear_tv(rettv);
4166 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
4167 		    rettv->vval.v_number = v;
4168 		}
4169 		else
4170 		    semsg(_(e_blobidx), n1);
4171 	    }
4172 	    break;
4173 
4174 	case VAR_LIST:
4175 	    if (var1 == NULL)
4176 		n1 = 0;
4177 	    if (var2 == NULL)
4178 		n2 = VARNUM_MAX;
4179 	    if (list_slice_or_index(rettv->vval.v_list,
4180 			  is_range, n1, n2, exclusive, rettv, verbose) == FAIL)
4181 		return FAIL;
4182 	    break;
4183 
4184 	case VAR_DICT:
4185 	    {
4186 		dictitem_T	*item;
4187 		typval_T	tmp;
4188 
4189 		if (key == NULL)
4190 		{
4191 		    key = tv_get_string_chk(var1);
4192 		    if (key == NULL)
4193 			return FAIL;
4194 		}
4195 
4196 		item = dict_find(rettv->vval.v_dict, key, (int)keylen);
4197 
4198 		if (item == NULL && verbose)
4199 		    semsg(_(e_dictkey), key);
4200 		if (item == NULL)
4201 		    return FAIL;
4202 
4203 		copy_tv(&item->di_tv, &tmp);
4204 		clear_tv(rettv);
4205 		*rettv = tmp;
4206 	    }
4207 	    break;
4208     }
4209     return OK;
4210 }
4211 
4212 /*
4213  * Return the function name of partial "pt".
4214  */
4215     char_u *
4216 partial_name(partial_T *pt)
4217 {
4218     if (pt->pt_name != NULL)
4219 	return pt->pt_name;
4220     if (pt->pt_func != NULL)
4221 	return pt->pt_func->uf_name;
4222     return (char_u *)"";
4223 }
4224 
4225     static void
4226 partial_free(partial_T *pt)
4227 {
4228     int i;
4229 
4230     for (i = 0; i < pt->pt_argc; ++i)
4231 	clear_tv(&pt->pt_argv[i]);
4232     vim_free(pt->pt_argv);
4233     dict_unref(pt->pt_dict);
4234     if (pt->pt_name != NULL)
4235     {
4236 	func_unref(pt->pt_name);
4237 	vim_free(pt->pt_name);
4238     }
4239     else
4240 	func_ptr_unref(pt->pt_func);
4241 
4242     // Decrease the reference count for the context of a closure.  If down
4243     // to the minimum it may be time to free it.
4244     if (pt->pt_funcstack != NULL)
4245     {
4246 	--pt->pt_funcstack->fs_refcount;
4247 	funcstack_check_refcount(pt->pt_funcstack);
4248     }
4249 
4250     vim_free(pt);
4251 }
4252 
4253 /*
4254  * Unreference a closure: decrement the reference count and free it when it
4255  * becomes zero.
4256  */
4257     void
4258 partial_unref(partial_T *pt)
4259 {
4260     if (pt != NULL)
4261     {
4262 	if (--pt->pt_refcount <= 0)
4263 	    partial_free(pt);
4264 
4265 	// If the reference count goes down to one, the funcstack may be the
4266 	// only reference and can be freed if no other partials reference it.
4267 	else if (pt->pt_refcount == 1 && pt->pt_funcstack != NULL)
4268 	    funcstack_check_refcount(pt->pt_funcstack);
4269     }
4270 }
4271 
4272 /*
4273  * Return the next (unique) copy ID.
4274  * Used for serializing nested structures.
4275  */
4276     int
4277 get_copyID(void)
4278 {
4279     current_copyID += COPYID_INC;
4280     return current_copyID;
4281 }
4282 
4283 /*
4284  * Garbage collection for lists and dictionaries.
4285  *
4286  * We use reference counts to be able to free most items right away when they
4287  * are no longer used.  But for composite items it's possible that it becomes
4288  * unused while the reference count is > 0: When there is a recursive
4289  * reference.  Example:
4290  *	:let l = [1, 2, 3]
4291  *	:let d = {9: l}
4292  *	:let l[1] = d
4293  *
4294  * Since this is quite unusual we handle this with garbage collection: every
4295  * once in a while find out which lists and dicts are not referenced from any
4296  * variable.
4297  *
4298  * Here is a good reference text about garbage collection (refers to Python
4299  * but it applies to all reference-counting mechanisms):
4300  *	http://python.ca/nas/python/gc/
4301  */
4302 
4303 /*
4304  * Do garbage collection for lists and dicts.
4305  * When "testing" is TRUE this is called from test_garbagecollect_now().
4306  * Return TRUE if some memory was freed.
4307  */
4308     int
4309 garbage_collect(int testing)
4310 {
4311     int		copyID;
4312     int		abort = FALSE;
4313     buf_T	*buf;
4314     win_T	*wp;
4315     int		did_free = FALSE;
4316     tabpage_T	*tp;
4317 
4318     if (!testing)
4319     {
4320 	// Only do this once.
4321 	want_garbage_collect = FALSE;
4322 	may_garbage_collect = FALSE;
4323 	garbage_collect_at_exit = FALSE;
4324     }
4325 
4326     // The execution stack can grow big, limit the size.
4327     if (exestack.ga_maxlen - exestack.ga_len > 500)
4328     {
4329 	size_t	new_len;
4330 	char_u	*pp;
4331 	int	n;
4332 
4333 	// Keep 150% of the current size, with a minimum of the growth size.
4334 	n = exestack.ga_len / 2;
4335 	if (n < exestack.ga_growsize)
4336 	    n = exestack.ga_growsize;
4337 
4338 	// Don't make it bigger though.
4339 	if (exestack.ga_len + n < exestack.ga_maxlen)
4340 	{
4341 	    new_len = exestack.ga_itemsize * (exestack.ga_len + n);
4342 	    pp = vim_realloc(exestack.ga_data, new_len);
4343 	    if (pp == NULL)
4344 		return FAIL;
4345 	    exestack.ga_maxlen = exestack.ga_len + n;
4346 	    exestack.ga_data = pp;
4347 	}
4348     }
4349 
4350     // We advance by two because we add one for items referenced through
4351     // previous_funccal.
4352     copyID = get_copyID();
4353 
4354     /*
4355      * 1. Go through all accessible variables and mark all lists and dicts
4356      *    with copyID.
4357      */
4358 
4359     // Don't free variables in the previous_funccal list unless they are only
4360     // referenced through previous_funccal.  This must be first, because if
4361     // the item is referenced elsewhere the funccal must not be freed.
4362     abort = abort || set_ref_in_previous_funccal(copyID);
4363 
4364     // script-local variables
4365     abort = abort || garbage_collect_scriptvars(copyID);
4366 
4367     // buffer-local variables
4368     FOR_ALL_BUFFERS(buf)
4369 	abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&buf->b_bufvar.di_tv, copyID,
4370 								  NULL, NULL);
4371 
4372     // window-local variables
4373     FOR_ALL_TAB_WINDOWS(tp, wp)
4374 	abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&wp->w_winvar.di_tv, copyID,
4375 								  NULL, NULL);
4376     if (aucmd_win != NULL)
4377 	abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&aucmd_win->w_winvar.di_tv, copyID,
4378 								  NULL, NULL);
4379 #ifdef FEAT_PROP_POPUP
4380     FOR_ALL_POPUPWINS(wp)
4381 	abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&wp->w_winvar.di_tv, copyID,
4382 								  NULL, NULL);
4383     FOR_ALL_TABPAGES(tp)
4384 	FOR_ALL_POPUPWINS_IN_TAB(tp, wp)
4385 		abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&wp->w_winvar.di_tv, copyID,
4386 								  NULL, NULL);
4387 #endif
4388 
4389     // tabpage-local variables
4390     FOR_ALL_TABPAGES(tp)
4391 	abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&tp->tp_winvar.di_tv, copyID,
4392 								  NULL, NULL);
4393     // global variables
4394     abort = abort || garbage_collect_globvars(copyID);
4395 
4396     // function-local variables
4397     abort = abort || set_ref_in_call_stack(copyID);
4398 
4399     // named functions (matters for closures)
4400     abort = abort || set_ref_in_functions(copyID);
4401 
4402     // function call arguments, if v:testing is set.
4403     abort = abort || set_ref_in_func_args(copyID);
4404 
4405     // v: vars
4406     abort = abort || garbage_collect_vimvars(copyID);
4407 
4408     // callbacks in buffers
4409     abort = abort || set_ref_in_buffers(copyID);
4410 
4411 #ifdef FEAT_LUA
4412     abort = abort || set_ref_in_lua(copyID);
4413 #endif
4414 
4415 #ifdef FEAT_PYTHON
4416     abort = abort || set_ref_in_python(copyID);
4417 #endif
4418 
4419 #ifdef FEAT_PYTHON3
4420     abort = abort || set_ref_in_python3(copyID);
4421 #endif
4422 
4423 #ifdef FEAT_JOB_CHANNEL
4424     abort = abort || set_ref_in_channel(copyID);
4425     abort = abort || set_ref_in_job(copyID);
4426 #endif
4427 #ifdef FEAT_NETBEANS_INTG
4428     abort = abort || set_ref_in_nb_channel(copyID);
4429 #endif
4430 
4431 #ifdef FEAT_TIMERS
4432     abort = abort || set_ref_in_timer(copyID);
4433 #endif
4434 
4435 #ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
4436     abort = abort || set_ref_in_quickfix(copyID);
4437 #endif
4438 
4439 #ifdef FEAT_TERMINAL
4440     abort = abort || set_ref_in_term(copyID);
4441 #endif
4442 
4443 #ifdef FEAT_PROP_POPUP
4444     abort = abort || set_ref_in_popups(copyID);
4445 #endif
4446 
4447     if (!abort)
4448     {
4449 	/*
4450 	 * 2. Free lists and dictionaries that are not referenced.
4451 	 */
4452 	did_free = free_unref_items(copyID);
4453 
4454 	/*
4455 	 * 3. Check if any funccal can be freed now.
4456 	 *    This may call us back recursively.
4457 	 */
4458 	free_unref_funccal(copyID, testing);
4459     }
4460     else if (p_verbose > 0)
4461     {
4462 	verb_msg(_("Not enough memory to set references, garbage collection aborted!"));
4463     }
4464 
4465     return did_free;
4466 }
4467 
4468 /*
4469  * Free lists, dictionaries, channels and jobs that are no longer referenced.
4470  */
4471     static int
4472 free_unref_items(int copyID)
4473 {
4474     int		did_free = FALSE;
4475 
4476     // Let all "free" functions know that we are here.  This means no
4477     // dictionaries, lists, channels or jobs are to be freed, because we will
4478     // do that here.
4479     in_free_unref_items = TRUE;
4480 
4481     /*
4482      * PASS 1: free the contents of the items.  We don't free the items
4483      * themselves yet, so that it is possible to decrement refcount counters
4484      */
4485 
4486     // Go through the list of dicts and free items without the copyID.
4487     did_free |= dict_free_nonref(copyID);
4488 
4489     // Go through the list of lists and free items without the copyID.
4490     did_free |= list_free_nonref(copyID);
4491 
4492 #ifdef FEAT_JOB_CHANNEL
4493     // Go through the list of jobs and free items without the copyID. This
4494     // must happen before doing channels, because jobs refer to channels, but
4495     // the reference from the channel to the job isn't tracked.
4496     did_free |= free_unused_jobs_contents(copyID, COPYID_MASK);
4497 
4498     // Go through the list of channels and free items without the copyID.
4499     did_free |= free_unused_channels_contents(copyID, COPYID_MASK);
4500 #endif
4501 
4502     /*
4503      * PASS 2: free the items themselves.
4504      */
4505     dict_free_items(copyID);
4506     list_free_items(copyID);
4507 
4508 #ifdef FEAT_JOB_CHANNEL
4509     // Go through the list of jobs and free items without the copyID. This
4510     // must happen before doing channels, because jobs refer to channels, but
4511     // the reference from the channel to the job isn't tracked.
4512     free_unused_jobs(copyID, COPYID_MASK);
4513 
4514     // Go through the list of channels and free items without the copyID.
4515     free_unused_channels(copyID, COPYID_MASK);
4516 #endif
4517 
4518     in_free_unref_items = FALSE;
4519 
4520     return did_free;
4521 }
4522 
4523 /*
4524  * Mark all lists and dicts referenced through hashtab "ht" with "copyID".
4525  * "list_stack" is used to add lists to be marked.  Can be NULL.
4526  *
4527  * Returns TRUE if setting references failed somehow.
4528  */
4529     int
4530 set_ref_in_ht(hashtab_T *ht, int copyID, list_stack_T **list_stack)
4531 {
4532     int		todo;
4533     int		abort = FALSE;
4534     hashitem_T	*hi;
4535     hashtab_T	*cur_ht;
4536     ht_stack_T	*ht_stack = NULL;
4537     ht_stack_T	*tempitem;
4538 
4539     cur_ht = ht;
4540     for (;;)
4541     {
4542 	if (!abort)
4543 	{
4544 	    // Mark each item in the hashtab.  If the item contains a hashtab
4545 	    // it is added to ht_stack, if it contains a list it is added to
4546 	    // list_stack.
4547 	    todo = (int)cur_ht->ht_used;
4548 	    for (hi = cur_ht->ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
4549 		if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
4550 		{
4551 		    --todo;
4552 		    abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&HI2DI(hi)->di_tv, copyID,
4553 						       &ht_stack, list_stack);
4554 		}
4555 	}
4556 
4557 	if (ht_stack == NULL)
4558 	    break;
4559 
4560 	// take an item from the stack
4561 	cur_ht = ht_stack->ht;
4562 	tempitem = ht_stack;
4563 	ht_stack = ht_stack->prev;
4564 	free(tempitem);
4565     }
4566 
4567     return abort;
4568 }
4569 
4570 /*
4571  * Mark a dict and its items with "copyID".
4572  * Returns TRUE if setting references failed somehow.
4573  */
4574     int
4575 set_ref_in_dict(dict_T *d, int copyID)
4576 {
4577     if (d != NULL && d->dv_copyID != copyID)
4578     {
4579 	d->dv_copyID = copyID;
4580 	return set_ref_in_ht(&d->dv_hashtab, copyID, NULL);
4581     }
4582     return FALSE;
4583 }
4584 
4585 /*
4586  * Mark a list and its items with "copyID".
4587  * Returns TRUE if setting references failed somehow.
4588  */
4589     int
4590 set_ref_in_list(list_T *ll, int copyID)
4591 {
4592     if (ll != NULL && ll->lv_copyID != copyID)
4593     {
4594 	ll->lv_copyID = copyID;
4595 	return set_ref_in_list_items(ll, copyID, NULL);
4596     }
4597     return FALSE;
4598 }
4599 
4600 /*
4601  * Mark all lists and dicts referenced through list "l" with "copyID".
4602  * "ht_stack" is used to add hashtabs to be marked.  Can be NULL.
4603  *
4604  * Returns TRUE if setting references failed somehow.
4605  */
4606     int
4607 set_ref_in_list_items(list_T *l, int copyID, ht_stack_T **ht_stack)
4608 {
4609     listitem_T	 *li;
4610     int		 abort = FALSE;
4611     list_T	 *cur_l;
4612     list_stack_T *list_stack = NULL;
4613     list_stack_T *tempitem;
4614 
4615     cur_l = l;
4616     for (;;)
4617     {
4618 	if (!abort && cur_l->lv_first != &range_list_item)
4619 	    // Mark each item in the list.  If the item contains a hashtab
4620 	    // it is added to ht_stack, if it contains a list it is added to
4621 	    // list_stack.
4622 	    for (li = cur_l->lv_first; !abort && li != NULL; li = li->li_next)
4623 		abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&li->li_tv, copyID,
4624 						       ht_stack, &list_stack);
4625 	if (list_stack == NULL)
4626 	    break;
4627 
4628 	// take an item from the stack
4629 	cur_l = list_stack->list;
4630 	tempitem = list_stack;
4631 	list_stack = list_stack->prev;
4632 	free(tempitem);
4633     }
4634 
4635     return abort;
4636 }
4637 
4638 /*
4639  * Mark all lists and dicts referenced through typval "tv" with "copyID".
4640  * "list_stack" is used to add lists to be marked.  Can be NULL.
4641  * "ht_stack" is used to add hashtabs to be marked.  Can be NULL.
4642  *
4643  * Returns TRUE if setting references failed somehow.
4644  */
4645     int
4646 set_ref_in_item(
4647     typval_T	    *tv,
4648     int		    copyID,
4649     ht_stack_T	    **ht_stack,
4650     list_stack_T    **list_stack)
4651 {
4652     int		abort = FALSE;
4653 
4654     if (tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
4655     {
4656 	dict_T	*dd = tv->vval.v_dict;
4657 
4658 	if (dd != NULL && dd->dv_copyID != copyID)
4659 	{
4660 	    // Didn't see this dict yet.
4661 	    dd->dv_copyID = copyID;
4662 	    if (ht_stack == NULL)
4663 	    {
4664 		abort = set_ref_in_ht(&dd->dv_hashtab, copyID, list_stack);
4665 	    }
4666 	    else
4667 	    {
4668 		ht_stack_T *newitem = ALLOC_ONE(ht_stack_T);
4669 
4670 		if (newitem == NULL)
4671 		    abort = TRUE;
4672 		else
4673 		{
4674 		    newitem->ht = &dd->dv_hashtab;
4675 		    newitem->prev = *ht_stack;
4676 		    *ht_stack = newitem;
4677 		}
4678 	    }
4679 	}
4680     }
4681     else if (tv->v_type == VAR_LIST)
4682     {
4683 	list_T	*ll = tv->vval.v_list;
4684 
4685 	if (ll != NULL && ll->lv_copyID != copyID)
4686 	{
4687 	    // Didn't see this list yet.
4688 	    ll->lv_copyID = copyID;
4689 	    if (list_stack == NULL)
4690 	    {
4691 		abort = set_ref_in_list_items(ll, copyID, ht_stack);
4692 	    }
4693 	    else
4694 	    {
4695 		list_stack_T *newitem = ALLOC_ONE(list_stack_T);
4696 
4697 		if (newitem == NULL)
4698 		    abort = TRUE;
4699 		else
4700 		{
4701 		    newitem->list = ll;
4702 		    newitem->prev = *list_stack;
4703 		    *list_stack = newitem;
4704 		}
4705 	    }
4706 	}
4707     }
4708     else if (tv->v_type == VAR_FUNC)
4709     {
4710 	abort = set_ref_in_func(tv->vval.v_string, NULL, copyID);
4711     }
4712     else if (tv->v_type == VAR_PARTIAL)
4713     {
4714 	partial_T	*pt = tv->vval.v_partial;
4715 	int		i;
4716 
4717 	if (pt != NULL && pt->pt_copyID != copyID)
4718 	{
4719 	    // Didn't see this partial yet.
4720 	    pt->pt_copyID = copyID;
4721 
4722 	    abort = set_ref_in_func(pt->pt_name, pt->pt_func, copyID);
4723 
4724 	    if (pt->pt_dict != NULL)
4725 	    {
4726 		typval_T dtv;
4727 
4728 		dtv.v_type = VAR_DICT;
4729 		dtv.vval.v_dict = pt->pt_dict;
4730 		set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4731 	    }
4732 
4733 	    for (i = 0; i < pt->pt_argc; ++i)
4734 		abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&pt->pt_argv[i], copyID,
4735 							ht_stack, list_stack);
4736 	    if (pt->pt_funcstack != NULL)
4737 	    {
4738 		typval_T    *stack = pt->pt_funcstack->fs_ga.ga_data;
4739 
4740 		for (i = 0; i < pt->pt_funcstack->fs_ga.ga_len; ++i)
4741 		    abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(stack + i, copyID,
4742 							 ht_stack, list_stack);
4743 	    }
4744 
4745 	}
4746     }
4747 #ifdef FEAT_JOB_CHANNEL
4748     else if (tv->v_type == VAR_JOB)
4749     {
4750 	job_T	    *job = tv->vval.v_job;
4751 	typval_T    dtv;
4752 
4753 	if (job != NULL && job->jv_copyID != copyID)
4754 	{
4755 	    job->jv_copyID = copyID;
4756 	    if (job->jv_channel != NULL)
4757 	    {
4758 		dtv.v_type = VAR_CHANNEL;
4759 		dtv.vval.v_channel = job->jv_channel;
4760 		set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4761 	    }
4762 	    if (job->jv_exit_cb.cb_partial != NULL)
4763 	    {
4764 		dtv.v_type = VAR_PARTIAL;
4765 		dtv.vval.v_partial = job->jv_exit_cb.cb_partial;
4766 		set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4767 	    }
4768 	}
4769     }
4770     else if (tv->v_type == VAR_CHANNEL)
4771     {
4772 	channel_T   *ch =tv->vval.v_channel;
4773 	ch_part_T   part;
4774 	typval_T    dtv;
4775 	jsonq_T	    *jq;
4776 	cbq_T	    *cq;
4777 
4778 	if (ch != NULL && ch->ch_copyID != copyID)
4779 	{
4780 	    ch->ch_copyID = copyID;
4781 	    for (part = PART_SOCK; part < PART_COUNT; ++part)
4782 	    {
4783 		for (jq = ch->ch_part[part].ch_json_head.jq_next; jq != NULL;
4784 							     jq = jq->jq_next)
4785 		    set_ref_in_item(jq->jq_value, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4786 		for (cq = ch->ch_part[part].ch_cb_head.cq_next; cq != NULL;
4787 							     cq = cq->cq_next)
4788 		    if (cq->cq_callback.cb_partial != NULL)
4789 		    {
4790 			dtv.v_type = VAR_PARTIAL;
4791 			dtv.vval.v_partial = cq->cq_callback.cb_partial;
4792 			set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4793 		    }
4794 		if (ch->ch_part[part].ch_callback.cb_partial != NULL)
4795 		{
4796 		    dtv.v_type = VAR_PARTIAL;
4797 		    dtv.vval.v_partial =
4798 				      ch->ch_part[part].ch_callback.cb_partial;
4799 		    set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4800 		}
4801 	    }
4802 	    if (ch->ch_callback.cb_partial != NULL)
4803 	    {
4804 		dtv.v_type = VAR_PARTIAL;
4805 		dtv.vval.v_partial = ch->ch_callback.cb_partial;
4806 		set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4807 	    }
4808 	    if (ch->ch_close_cb.cb_partial != NULL)
4809 	    {
4810 		dtv.v_type = VAR_PARTIAL;
4811 		dtv.vval.v_partial = ch->ch_close_cb.cb_partial;
4812 		set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4813 	    }
4814 	}
4815     }
4816 #endif
4817     return abort;
4818 }
4819 
4820 /*
4821  * Return a string with the string representation of a variable.
4822  * If the memory is allocated "tofree" is set to it, otherwise NULL.
4823  * "numbuf" is used for a number.
4824  * When "copyID" is not NULL replace recursive lists and dicts with "...".
4825  * When both "echo_style" and "composite_val" are FALSE, put quotes around
4826  * strings as "string()", otherwise does not put quotes around strings, as
4827  * ":echo" displays values.
4828  * When "restore_copyID" is FALSE, repeated items in dictionaries and lists
4829  * are replaced with "...".
4830  * May return NULL.
4831  */
4832     char_u *
4833 echo_string_core(
4834     typval_T	*tv,
4835     char_u	**tofree,
4836     char_u	*numbuf,
4837     int		copyID,
4838     int		echo_style,
4839     int		restore_copyID,
4840     int		composite_val)
4841 {
4842     static int	recurse = 0;
4843     char_u	*r = NULL;
4844 
4845     if (recurse >= DICT_MAXNEST)
4846     {
4847 	if (!did_echo_string_emsg)
4848 	{
4849 	    // Only give this message once for a recursive call to avoid
4850 	    // flooding the user with errors.  And stop iterating over lists
4851 	    // and dicts.
4852 	    did_echo_string_emsg = TRUE;
4853 	    emsg(_("E724: variable nested too deep for displaying"));
4854 	}
4855 	*tofree = NULL;
4856 	return (char_u *)"{E724}";
4857     }
4858     ++recurse;
4859 
4860     switch (tv->v_type)
4861     {
4862 	case VAR_STRING:
4863 	    if (echo_style && !composite_val)
4864 	    {
4865 		*tofree = NULL;
4866 		r = tv->vval.v_string;
4867 		if (r == NULL)
4868 		    r = (char_u *)"";
4869 	    }
4870 	    else
4871 	    {
4872 		*tofree = string_quote(tv->vval.v_string, FALSE);
4873 		r = *tofree;
4874 	    }
4875 	    break;
4876 
4877 	case VAR_FUNC:
4878 	    if (echo_style)
4879 	    {
4880 		*tofree = NULL;
4881 		r = tv->vval.v_string;
4882 	    }
4883 	    else
4884 	    {
4885 		*tofree = string_quote(tv->vval.v_string, TRUE);
4886 		r = *tofree;
4887 	    }
4888 	    break;
4889 
4890 	case VAR_PARTIAL:
4891 	    {
4892 		partial_T   *pt = tv->vval.v_partial;
4893 		char_u	    *fname = string_quote(pt == NULL ? NULL
4894 						    : partial_name(pt), FALSE);
4895 		garray_T    ga;
4896 		int	    i;
4897 		char_u	    *tf;
4898 
4899 		ga_init2(&ga, 1, 100);
4900 		ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)"function(");
4901 		if (fname != NULL)
4902 		{
4903 		    ga_concat(&ga, fname);
4904 		    vim_free(fname);
4905 		}
4906 		if (pt != NULL && pt->pt_argc > 0)
4907 		{
4908 		    ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)", [");
4909 		    for (i = 0; i < pt->pt_argc; ++i)
4910 		    {
4911 			if (i > 0)
4912 			    ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)", ");
4913 			ga_concat(&ga,
4914 			     tv2string(&pt->pt_argv[i], &tf, numbuf, copyID));
4915 			vim_free(tf);
4916 		    }
4917 		    ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)"]");
4918 		}
4919 		if (pt != NULL && pt->pt_dict != NULL)
4920 		{
4921 		    typval_T dtv;
4922 
4923 		    ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)", ");
4924 		    dtv.v_type = VAR_DICT;
4925 		    dtv.vval.v_dict = pt->pt_dict;
4926 		    ga_concat(&ga, tv2string(&dtv, &tf, numbuf, copyID));
4927 		    vim_free(tf);
4928 		}
4929 		ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)")");
4930 
4931 		*tofree = ga.ga_data;
4932 		r = *tofree;
4933 		break;
4934 	    }
4935 
4936 	case VAR_BLOB:
4937 	    r = blob2string(tv->vval.v_blob, tofree, numbuf);
4938 	    break;
4939 
4940 	case VAR_LIST:
4941 	    if (tv->vval.v_list == NULL)
4942 	    {
4943 		// NULL list is equivalent to empty list.
4944 		*tofree = NULL;
4945 		r = (char_u *)"[]";
4946 	    }
4947 	    else if (copyID != 0 && tv->vval.v_list->lv_copyID == copyID
4948 		    && tv->vval.v_list->lv_len > 0)
4949 	    {
4950 		*tofree = NULL;
4951 		r = (char_u *)"[...]";
4952 	    }
4953 	    else
4954 	    {
4955 		int old_copyID = tv->vval.v_list->lv_copyID;
4956 
4957 		tv->vval.v_list->lv_copyID = copyID;
4958 		*tofree = list2string(tv, copyID, restore_copyID);
4959 		if (restore_copyID)
4960 		    tv->vval.v_list->lv_copyID = old_copyID;
4961 		r = *tofree;
4962 	    }
4963 	    break;
4964 
4965 	case VAR_DICT:
4966 	    if (tv->vval.v_dict == NULL)
4967 	    {
4968 		// NULL dict is equivalent to empty dict.
4969 		*tofree = NULL;
4970 		r = (char_u *)"{}";
4971 	    }
4972 	    else if (copyID != 0 && tv->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID == copyID
4973 		    && tv->vval.v_dict->dv_hashtab.ht_used != 0)
4974 	    {
4975 		*tofree = NULL;
4976 		r = (char_u *)"{...}";
4977 	    }
4978 	    else
4979 	    {
4980 		int old_copyID = tv->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID;
4981 
4982 		tv->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID = copyID;
4983 		*tofree = dict2string(tv, copyID, restore_copyID);
4984 		if (restore_copyID)
4985 		    tv->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID = old_copyID;
4986 		r = *tofree;
4987 	    }
4988 	    break;
4989 
4990 	case VAR_NUMBER:
4991 	case VAR_UNKNOWN:
4992 	case VAR_ANY:
4993 	case VAR_VOID:
4994 	    *tofree = NULL;
4995 	    r = tv_get_string_buf(tv, numbuf);
4996 	    break;
4997 
4998 	case VAR_JOB:
4999 	case VAR_CHANNEL:
5000 	    *tofree = NULL;
5001 	    r = tv_get_string_buf(tv, numbuf);
5002 	    if (composite_val)
5003 	    {
5004 		*tofree = string_quote(r, FALSE);
5005 		r = *tofree;
5006 	    }
5007 	    break;
5008 
5009 	case VAR_FLOAT:
5010 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
5011 	    *tofree = NULL;
5012 	    vim_snprintf((char *)numbuf, NUMBUFLEN, "%g", tv->vval.v_float);
5013 	    r = numbuf;
5014 	    break;
5015 #endif
5016 
5017 	case VAR_BOOL:
5018 	case VAR_SPECIAL:
5019 	    *tofree = NULL;
5020 	    r = (char_u *)get_var_special_name(tv->vval.v_number);
5021 	    break;
5022     }
5023 
5024     if (--recurse == 0)
5025 	did_echo_string_emsg = FALSE;
5026     return r;
5027 }
5028 
5029 /*
5030  * Return a string with the string representation of a variable.
5031  * If the memory is allocated "tofree" is set to it, otherwise NULL.
5032  * "numbuf" is used for a number.
5033  * Does not put quotes around strings, as ":echo" displays values.
5034  * When "copyID" is not NULL replace recursive lists and dicts with "...".
5035  * May return NULL.
5036  */
5037     char_u *
5038 echo_string(
5039     typval_T	*tv,
5040     char_u	**tofree,
5041     char_u	*numbuf,
5042     int		copyID)
5043 {
5044     return echo_string_core(tv, tofree, numbuf, copyID, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
5045 }
5046 
5047 /*
5048  * Return string "str" in ' quotes, doubling ' characters.
5049  * If "str" is NULL an empty string is assumed.
5050  * If "function" is TRUE make it function('string').
5051  */
5052     char_u *
5053 string_quote(char_u *str, int function)
5054 {
5055     unsigned	len;
5056     char_u	*p, *r, *s;
5057 
5058     len = (function ? 13 : 3);
5059     if (str != NULL)
5060     {
5061 	len += (unsigned)STRLEN(str);
5062 	for (p = str; *p != NUL; MB_PTR_ADV(p))
5063 	    if (*p == '\'')
5064 		++len;
5065     }
5066     s = r = alloc(len);
5067     if (r != NULL)
5068     {
5069 	if (function)
5070 	{
5071 	    STRCPY(r, "function('");
5072 	    r += 10;
5073 	}
5074 	else
5075 	    *r++ = '\'';
5076 	if (str != NULL)
5077 	    for (p = str; *p != NUL; )
5078 	    {
5079 		if (*p == '\'')
5080 		    *r++ = '\'';
5081 		MB_COPY_CHAR(p, r);
5082 	    }
5083 	*r++ = '\'';
5084 	if (function)
5085 	    *r++ = ')';
5086 	*r++ = NUL;
5087     }
5088     return s;
5089 }
5090 
5091 #if defined(FEAT_FLOAT) || defined(PROTO)
5092 /*
5093  * Convert the string "text" to a floating point number.
5094  * This uses strtod().  setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C") has been used to make sure
5095  * this always uses a decimal point.
5096  * Returns the length of the text that was consumed.
5097  */
5098     int
5099 string2float(
5100     char_u	*text,
5101     float_T	*value)	    // result stored here
5102 {
5103     char	*s = (char *)text;
5104     float_T	f;
5105 
5106     // MS-Windows does not deal with "inf" and "nan" properly.
5107     if (STRNICMP(text, "inf", 3) == 0)
5108     {
5109 	*value = INFINITY;
5110 	return 3;
5111     }
5112     if (STRNICMP(text, "-inf", 3) == 0)
5113     {
5114 	*value = -INFINITY;
5115 	return 4;
5116     }
5117     if (STRNICMP(text, "nan", 3) == 0)
5118     {
5119 	*value = NAN;
5120 	return 3;
5121     }
5122     f = strtod(s, &s);
5123     *value = f;
5124     return (int)((char_u *)s - text);
5125 }
5126 #endif
5127 
5128 /*
5129  * Convert the specified byte index of line 'lnum' in buffer 'buf' to a
5130  * character index.  Works only for loaded buffers. Returns -1 on failure.
5131  * The index of the first byte and the first character is zero.
5132  */
5133     int
5134 buf_byteidx_to_charidx(buf_T *buf, int lnum, int byteidx)
5135 {
5136     char_u	*str;
5137     char_u	*t;
5138     int		count;
5139 
5140     if (buf == NULL || buf->b_ml.ml_mfp == NULL)
5141 	return -1;
5142 
5143     if (lnum > buf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
5144 	lnum = buf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
5145 
5146     str = ml_get_buf(buf, lnum, FALSE);
5147     if (str == NULL)
5148 	return -1;
5149 
5150     if (*str == NUL)
5151 	return 0;
5152 
5153     // count the number of characters
5154     t = str;
5155     for (count = 0; *t != NUL && t <= str + byteidx; count++)
5156 	t += mb_ptr2len(t);
5157 
5158     // In insert mode, when the cursor is at the end of a non-empty line,
5159     // byteidx points to the NUL character immediately past the end of the
5160     // string. In this case, add one to the character count.
5161     if (*t == NUL && byteidx != 0 && t == str + byteidx)
5162 	count++;
5163 
5164     return count - 1;
5165 }
5166 
5167 /*
5168  * Convert the specified character index of line 'lnum' in buffer 'buf' to a
5169  * byte index.  Works only for loaded buffers. Returns -1 on failure.
5170  * The index of the first byte and the first character is zero.
5171  */
5172     int
5173 buf_charidx_to_byteidx(buf_T *buf, int lnum, int charidx)
5174 {
5175     char_u	*str;
5176     char_u	*t;
5177 
5178     if (buf == NULL || buf->b_ml.ml_mfp == NULL)
5179 	return -1;
5180 
5181     if (lnum > buf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
5182 	lnum = buf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
5183 
5184     str = ml_get_buf(buf, lnum, FALSE);
5185     if (str == NULL)
5186 	return -1;
5187 
5188     // Convert the character offset to a byte offset
5189     t = str;
5190     while (*t != NUL && --charidx > 0)
5191 	t += mb_ptr2len(t);
5192 
5193     return t - str;
5194 }
5195 
5196 /*
5197  * Translate a String variable into a position.
5198  * Returns NULL when there is an error.
5199  */
5200     pos_T *
5201 var2fpos(
5202     typval_T	*varp,
5203     int		dollar_lnum,	// TRUE when $ is last line
5204     int		*fnum,		// set to fnum for '0, 'A, etc.
5205     int		charcol)	// return character column
5206 {
5207     char_u		*name;
5208     static pos_T	pos;
5209     pos_T		*pp;
5210 
5211     // Argument can be [lnum, col, coladd].
5212     if (varp->v_type == VAR_LIST)
5213     {
5214 	list_T		*l;
5215 	int		len;
5216 	int		error = FALSE;
5217 	listitem_T	*li;
5218 
5219 	l = varp->vval.v_list;
5220 	if (l == NULL)
5221 	    return NULL;
5222 
5223 	// Get the line number
5224 	pos.lnum = list_find_nr(l, 0L, &error);
5225 	if (error || pos.lnum <= 0 || pos.lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
5226 	    return NULL;	// invalid line number
5227 	if (charcol)
5228 	    len = (long)mb_charlen(ml_get(pos.lnum));
5229 	else
5230 	    len = (long)STRLEN(ml_get(pos.lnum));
5231 
5232 	// Get the column number
5233 	// We accept "$" for the column number: last column.
5234 	li = list_find(l, 1L);
5235 	if (li != NULL && li->li_tv.v_type == VAR_STRING
5236 		&& li->li_tv.vval.v_string != NULL
5237 		&& STRCMP(li->li_tv.vval.v_string, "$") == 0)
5238 	{
5239 	    pos.col = len + 1;
5240 	}
5241 	else
5242 	{
5243 	    pos.col = list_find_nr(l, 1L, &error);
5244 	    if (error)
5245 		return NULL;
5246 	}
5247 
5248 	// Accept a position up to the NUL after the line.
5249 	if (pos.col == 0 || (int)pos.col > len + 1)
5250 	    return NULL;	// invalid column number
5251 	--pos.col;
5252 
5253 	// Get the virtual offset.  Defaults to zero.
5254 	pos.coladd = list_find_nr(l, 2L, &error);
5255 	if (error)
5256 	    pos.coladd = 0;
5257 
5258 	return &pos;
5259     }
5260 
5261     name = tv_get_string_chk(varp);
5262     if (name == NULL)
5263 	return NULL;
5264     if (name[0] == '.')				// cursor
5265     {
5266 	pos = curwin->w_cursor;
5267 	if (charcol)
5268 	    pos.col = buf_byteidx_to_charidx(curbuf, pos.lnum, pos.col);
5269 	return &pos;
5270     }
5271     if (name[0] == 'v' && name[1] == NUL)	// Visual start
5272     {
5273 	if (VIsual_active)
5274 	    pos = VIsual;
5275 	else
5276 	    pos = curwin->w_cursor;
5277 	if (charcol)
5278 	    pos.col = buf_byteidx_to_charidx(curbuf, pos.lnum, pos.col);
5279 	return &pos;
5280     }
5281     if (name[0] == '\'')			// mark
5282     {
5283 	pp = getmark_buf_fnum(curbuf, name[1], FALSE, fnum);
5284 	if (pp == NULL || pp == (pos_T *)-1 || pp->lnum <= 0)
5285 	    return NULL;
5286 	if (charcol)
5287 	    pp->col = buf_byteidx_to_charidx(curbuf, pp->lnum, pp->col);
5288 	return pp;
5289     }
5290 
5291     pos.coladd = 0;
5292 
5293     if (name[0] == 'w' && dollar_lnum)
5294     {
5295 	pos.col = 0;
5296 	if (name[1] == '0')		// "w0": first visible line
5297 	{
5298 	    update_topline();
5299 	    // In silent Ex mode topline is zero, but that's not a valid line
5300 	    // number; use one instead.
5301 	    pos.lnum = curwin->w_topline > 0 ? curwin->w_topline : 1;
5302 	    return &pos;
5303 	}
5304 	else if (name[1] == '$')	// "w$": last visible line
5305 	{
5306 	    validate_botline();
5307 	    // In silent Ex mode botline is zero, return zero then.
5308 	    pos.lnum = curwin->w_botline > 0 ? curwin->w_botline - 1 : 0;
5309 	    return &pos;
5310 	}
5311     }
5312     else if (name[0] == '$')		// last column or line
5313     {
5314 	if (dollar_lnum)
5315 	{
5316 	    pos.lnum = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
5317 	    pos.col = 0;
5318 	}
5319 	else
5320 	{
5321 	    pos.lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
5322 	    if (charcol)
5323 		pos.col = (colnr_T)mb_charlen(ml_get_curline());
5324 	    else
5325 		pos.col = (colnr_T)STRLEN(ml_get_curline());
5326 	}
5327 	return &pos;
5328     }
5329     return NULL;
5330 }
5331 
5332 /*
5333  * Convert list in "arg" into a position and optional file number.
5334  * When "fnump" is NULL there is no file number, only 3 items.
5335  * Note that the column is passed on as-is, the caller may want to decrement
5336  * it to use 1 for the first column.
5337  * Return FAIL when conversion is not possible, doesn't check the position for
5338  * validity.
5339  */
5340     int
5341 list2fpos(
5342     typval_T	*arg,
5343     pos_T	*posp,
5344     int		*fnump,
5345     colnr_T	*curswantp,
5346     int		charcol)
5347 {
5348     list_T	*l = arg->vval.v_list;
5349     long	i = 0;
5350     long	n;
5351 
5352     // List must be: [fnum, lnum, col, coladd, curswant], where "fnum" is only
5353     // there when "fnump" isn't NULL; "coladd" and "curswant" are optional.
5354     if (arg->v_type != VAR_LIST
5355 	    || l == NULL
5356 	    || l->lv_len < (fnump == NULL ? 2 : 3)
5357 	    || l->lv_len > (fnump == NULL ? 4 : 5))
5358 	return FAIL;
5359 
5360     if (fnump != NULL)
5361     {
5362 	n = list_find_nr(l, i++, NULL);	// fnum
5363 	if (n < 0)
5364 	    return FAIL;
5365 	if (n == 0)
5366 	    n = curbuf->b_fnum;		// current buffer
5367 	*fnump = n;
5368     }
5369 
5370     n = list_find_nr(l, i++, NULL);	// lnum
5371     if (n < 0)
5372 	return FAIL;
5373     posp->lnum = n;
5374 
5375     n = list_find_nr(l, i++, NULL);	// col
5376     if (n < 0)
5377 	return FAIL;
5378     // If character position is specified, then convert to byte position
5379     if (charcol)
5380     {
5381 	buf_T	*buf;
5382 
5383 	// Get the text for the specified line in a loaded buffer
5384 	buf = buflist_findnr(fnump == NULL ? curbuf->b_fnum : *fnump);
5385 	if (buf == NULL || buf->b_ml.ml_mfp == NULL)
5386 	    return FAIL;
5387 
5388 	n = buf_charidx_to_byteidx(buf, posp->lnum, n) + 1;
5389     }
5390     posp->col = n;
5391 
5392     n = list_find_nr(l, i, NULL);	// off
5393     if (n < 0)
5394 	posp->coladd = 0;
5395     else
5396 	posp->coladd = n;
5397 
5398     if (curswantp != NULL)
5399 	*curswantp = list_find_nr(l, i + 1, NULL);  // curswant
5400 
5401     return OK;
5402 }
5403 
5404 /*
5405  * Get the length of an environment variable name.
5406  * Advance "arg" to the first character after the name.
5407  * Return 0 for error.
5408  */
5409     int
5410 get_env_len(char_u **arg)
5411 {
5412     char_u	*p;
5413     int		len;
5414 
5415     for (p = *arg; vim_isIDc(*p); ++p)
5416 	;
5417     if (p == *arg)	    // no name found
5418 	return 0;
5419 
5420     len = (int)(p - *arg);
5421     *arg = p;
5422     return len;
5423 }
5424 
5425 /*
5426  * Get the length of the name of a function or internal variable.
5427  * "arg" is advanced to after the name.
5428  * Return 0 if something is wrong.
5429  */
5430     int
5431 get_id_len(char_u **arg)
5432 {
5433     char_u	*p;
5434     int		len;
5435 
5436     // Find the end of the name.
5437     for (p = *arg; eval_isnamec(*p); ++p)
5438     {
5439 	if (*p == ':')
5440 	{
5441 	    // "s:" is start of "s:var", but "n:" is not and can be used in
5442 	    // slice "[n:]".  Also "xx:" is not a namespace.
5443 	    len = (int)(p - *arg);
5444 	    if ((len == 1 && vim_strchr(NAMESPACE_CHAR, **arg) == NULL)
5445 		    || len > 1)
5446 		break;
5447 	}
5448     }
5449     if (p == *arg)	    // no name found
5450 	return 0;
5451 
5452     len = (int)(p - *arg);
5453     *arg = p;
5454 
5455     return len;
5456 }
5457 
5458 /*
5459  * Get the length of the name of a variable or function.
5460  * Only the name is recognized, does not handle ".key" or "[idx]".
5461  * "arg" is advanced to the first non-white character after the name.
5462  * Return -1 if curly braces expansion failed.
5463  * Return 0 if something else is wrong.
5464  * If the name contains 'magic' {}'s, expand them and return the
5465  * expanded name in an allocated string via 'alias' - caller must free.
5466  */
5467     int
5468 get_name_len(
5469     char_u	**arg,
5470     char_u	**alias,
5471     int		evaluate,
5472     int		verbose)
5473 {
5474     int		len;
5475     char_u	*p;
5476     char_u	*expr_start;
5477     char_u	*expr_end;
5478 
5479     *alias = NULL;  // default to no alias
5480 
5481     if ((*arg)[0] == K_SPECIAL && (*arg)[1] == KS_EXTRA
5482 						  && (*arg)[2] == (int)KE_SNR)
5483     {
5484 	// hard coded <SNR>, already translated
5485 	*arg += 3;
5486 	return get_id_len(arg) + 3;
5487     }
5488     len = eval_fname_script(*arg);
5489     if (len > 0)
5490     {
5491 	// literal "<SID>", "s:" or "<SNR>"
5492 	*arg += len;
5493     }
5494 
5495     /*
5496      * Find the end of the name; check for {} construction.
5497      */
5498     p = find_name_end(*arg, &expr_start, &expr_end,
5499 					       len > 0 ? 0 : FNE_CHECK_START);
5500     if (expr_start != NULL)
5501     {
5502 	char_u	*temp_string;
5503 
5504 	if (!evaluate)
5505 	{
5506 	    len += (int)(p - *arg);
5507 	    *arg = skipwhite(p);
5508 	    return len;
5509 	}
5510 
5511 	/*
5512 	 * Include any <SID> etc in the expanded string:
5513 	 * Thus the -len here.
5514 	 */
5515 	temp_string = make_expanded_name(*arg - len, expr_start, expr_end, p);
5516 	if (temp_string == NULL)
5517 	    return -1;
5518 	*alias = temp_string;
5519 	*arg = skipwhite(p);
5520 	return (int)STRLEN(temp_string);
5521     }
5522 
5523     len += get_id_len(arg);
5524     // Only give an error when there is something, otherwise it will be
5525     // reported at a higher level.
5526     if (len == 0 && verbose && **arg != NUL)
5527 	semsg(_(e_invexpr2), *arg);
5528 
5529     return len;
5530 }
5531 
5532 /*
5533  * Find the end of a variable or function name, taking care of magic braces.
5534  * If "expr_start" is not NULL then "expr_start" and "expr_end" are set to the
5535  * start and end of the first magic braces item.
5536  * "flags" can have FNE_INCL_BR and FNE_CHECK_START.
5537  * Return a pointer to just after the name.  Equal to "arg" if there is no
5538  * valid name.
5539  */
5540     char_u *
5541 find_name_end(
5542     char_u	*arg,
5543     char_u	**expr_start,
5544     char_u	**expr_end,
5545     int		flags)
5546 {
5547     int		mb_nest = 0;
5548     int		br_nest = 0;
5549     char_u	*p;
5550     int		len;
5551     int		vim9script = in_vim9script();
5552 
5553     if (expr_start != NULL)
5554     {
5555 	*expr_start = NULL;
5556 	*expr_end = NULL;
5557     }
5558 
5559     // Quick check for valid starting character.
5560     if ((flags & FNE_CHECK_START) && !eval_isnamec1(*arg)
5561 						&& (*arg != '{' || vim9script))
5562 	return arg;
5563 
5564     for (p = arg; *p != NUL
5565 		    && (eval_isnamec(*p)
5566 			|| (*p == '{' && !vim9script)
5567 			|| ((flags & FNE_INCL_BR) && (*p == '['
5568 					 || (*p == '.' && eval_isdictc(p[1]))))
5569 			|| mb_nest != 0
5570 			|| br_nest != 0); MB_PTR_ADV(p))
5571     {
5572 	if (*p == '\'')
5573 	{
5574 	    // skip over 'string' to avoid counting [ and ] inside it.
5575 	    for (p = p + 1; *p != NUL && *p != '\''; MB_PTR_ADV(p))
5576 		;
5577 	    if (*p == NUL)
5578 		break;
5579 	}
5580 	else if (*p == '"')
5581 	{
5582 	    // skip over "str\"ing" to avoid counting [ and ] inside it.
5583 	    for (p = p + 1; *p != NUL && *p != '"'; MB_PTR_ADV(p))
5584 		if (*p == '\\' && p[1] != NUL)
5585 		    ++p;
5586 	    if (*p == NUL)
5587 		break;
5588 	}
5589 	else if (br_nest == 0 && mb_nest == 0 && *p == ':')
5590 	{
5591 	    // "s:" is start of "s:var", but "n:" is not and can be used in
5592 	    // slice "[n:]".  Also "xx:" is not a namespace. But {ns}: is.
5593 	    len = (int)(p - arg);
5594 	    if ((len == 1 && vim_strchr(NAMESPACE_CHAR, *arg) == NULL)
5595 		    || (len > 1 && p[-1] != '}'))
5596 		break;
5597 	}
5598 
5599 	if (mb_nest == 0)
5600 	{
5601 	    if (*p == '[')
5602 		++br_nest;
5603 	    else if (*p == ']')
5604 		--br_nest;
5605 	}
5606 
5607 	if (br_nest == 0 && !vim9script)
5608 	{
5609 	    if (*p == '{')
5610 	    {
5611 		mb_nest++;
5612 		if (expr_start != NULL && *expr_start == NULL)
5613 		    *expr_start = p;
5614 	    }
5615 	    else if (*p == '}')
5616 	    {
5617 		mb_nest--;
5618 		if (expr_start != NULL && mb_nest == 0 && *expr_end == NULL)
5619 		    *expr_end = p;
5620 	    }
5621 	}
5622     }
5623 
5624     return p;
5625 }
5626 
5627 /*
5628  * Expands out the 'magic' {}'s in a variable/function name.
5629  * Note that this can call itself recursively, to deal with
5630  * constructs like foo{bar}{baz}{bam}
5631  * The four pointer arguments point to "foo{expre}ss{ion}bar"
5632  *			"in_start"      ^
5633  *			"expr_start"	   ^
5634  *			"expr_end"		 ^
5635  *			"in_end"			    ^
5636  *
5637  * Returns a new allocated string, which the caller must free.
5638  * Returns NULL for failure.
5639  */
5640     static char_u *
5641 make_expanded_name(
5642     char_u	*in_start,
5643     char_u	*expr_start,
5644     char_u	*expr_end,
5645     char_u	*in_end)
5646 {
5647     char_u	c1;
5648     char_u	*retval = NULL;
5649     char_u	*temp_result;
5650 
5651     if (expr_end == NULL || in_end == NULL)
5652 	return NULL;
5653     *expr_start	= NUL;
5654     *expr_end = NUL;
5655     c1 = *in_end;
5656     *in_end = NUL;
5657 
5658     temp_result = eval_to_string(expr_start + 1, FALSE);
5659     if (temp_result != NULL)
5660     {
5661 	retval = alloc(STRLEN(temp_result) + (expr_start - in_start)
5662 						   + (in_end - expr_end) + 1);
5663 	if (retval != NULL)
5664 	{
5665 	    STRCPY(retval, in_start);
5666 	    STRCAT(retval, temp_result);
5667 	    STRCAT(retval, expr_end + 1);
5668 	}
5669     }
5670     vim_free(temp_result);
5671 
5672     *in_end = c1;		// put char back for error messages
5673     *expr_start = '{';
5674     *expr_end = '}';
5675 
5676     if (retval != NULL)
5677     {
5678 	temp_result = find_name_end(retval, &expr_start, &expr_end, 0);
5679 	if (expr_start != NULL)
5680 	{
5681 	    // Further expansion!
5682 	    temp_result = make_expanded_name(retval, expr_start,
5683 						       expr_end, temp_result);
5684 	    vim_free(retval);
5685 	    retval = temp_result;
5686 	}
5687     }
5688 
5689     return retval;
5690 }
5691 
5692 /*
5693  * Return TRUE if character "c" can be used in a variable or function name.
5694  * Does not include '{' or '}' for magic braces.
5695  */
5696     int
5697 eval_isnamec(int c)
5698 {
5699     return ASCII_ISALNUM(c) || c == '_' || c == ':' || c == AUTOLOAD_CHAR;
5700 }
5701 
5702 /*
5703  * Return TRUE if character "c" can be used as the first character in a
5704  * variable or function name (excluding '{' and '}').
5705  */
5706     int
5707 eval_isnamec1(int c)
5708 {
5709     return ASCII_ISALPHA(c) || c == '_';
5710 }
5711 
5712 /*
5713  * Return TRUE if character "c" can be used as the first character of a
5714  * dictionary key.
5715  */
5716     int
5717 eval_isdictc(int c)
5718 {
5719     return ASCII_ISALNUM(c) || c == '_';
5720 }
5721 
5722 /*
5723  * Handle:
5724  * - expr[expr], expr[expr:expr] subscript
5725  * - ".name" lookup
5726  * - function call with Funcref variable: func(expr)
5727  * - method call: var->method()
5728  *
5729  * Can all be combined in any order: dict.func(expr)[idx]['func'](expr)->len()
5730  */
5731     int
5732 handle_subscript(
5733     char_u	**arg,
5734     typval_T	*rettv,
5735     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
5736     int		verbose)	// give error messages
5737 {
5738     int		evaluate = evalarg != NULL
5739 				      && (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
5740     int		ret = OK;
5741     dict_T	*selfdict = NULL;
5742     int		check_white = TRUE;
5743     int		getnext;
5744     char_u	*p;
5745 
5746     while (ret == OK)
5747     {
5748 	// When at the end of the line and ".name" or "->{" or "->X" follows in
5749 	// the next line then consume the line break.
5750 	p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
5751 	if (getnext
5752 	    && ((rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT && *p == '.' && eval_isdictc(p[1]))
5753 		|| (p[0] == '-' && p[1] == '>'
5754 				     && (p[2] == '{' || ASCII_ISALPHA(p[2])))))
5755 	{
5756 	    *arg = eval_next_line(evalarg);
5757 	    p = *arg;
5758 	    check_white = FALSE;
5759 	}
5760 
5761 	if ((**arg == '(' && (!evaluate || rettv->v_type == VAR_FUNC
5762 			    || rettv->v_type == VAR_PARTIAL))
5763 		    && (!check_white || !VIM_ISWHITE(*(*arg - 1))))
5764 	{
5765 	    ret = call_func_rettv(arg, evalarg, rettv, evaluate,
5766 							       selfdict, NULL);
5767 
5768 	    // Stop the expression evaluation when immediately aborting on
5769 	    // error, or when an interrupt occurred or an exception was thrown
5770 	    // but not caught.
5771 	    if (aborting())
5772 	    {
5773 		if (ret == OK)
5774 		    clear_tv(rettv);
5775 		ret = FAIL;
5776 	    }
5777 	    dict_unref(selfdict);
5778 	    selfdict = NULL;
5779 	}
5780 	else if (p[0] == '-' && p[1] == '>')
5781 	{
5782 	    *arg = skipwhite(p + 2);
5783 	    if (ret == OK)
5784 	    {
5785 		if ((**arg == '{' && !in_vim9script()) || **arg == '(')
5786 		    // expr->{lambda}() or expr->(lambda)()
5787 		    ret = eval_lambda(arg, rettv, evalarg, verbose);
5788 		else
5789 		    // expr->name()
5790 		    ret = eval_method(arg, rettv, evalarg, verbose);
5791 	    }
5792 	}
5793 	// "." is ".name" lookup when we found a dict or when evaluating and
5794 	// scriptversion is at least 2, where string concatenation is "..".
5795 	else if (**arg == '['
5796 		|| (**arg == '.' && (rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT
5797 			|| (!evaluate
5798 			    && (*arg)[1] != '.'
5799 			    && current_sctx.sc_version >= 2))))
5800 	{
5801 	    dict_unref(selfdict);
5802 	    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
5803 	    {
5804 		selfdict = rettv->vval.v_dict;
5805 		if (selfdict != NULL)
5806 		    ++selfdict->dv_refcount;
5807 	    }
5808 	    else
5809 		selfdict = NULL;
5810 	    if (eval_index(arg, rettv, evalarg, verbose) == FAIL)
5811 	    {
5812 		clear_tv(rettv);
5813 		ret = FAIL;
5814 	    }
5815 	}
5816 	else
5817 	    break;
5818     }
5819 
5820     // Turn "dict.Func" into a partial for "Func" bound to "dict".
5821     // Don't do this when "Func" is already a partial that was bound
5822     // explicitly (pt_auto is FALSE).
5823     if (selfdict != NULL
5824 	    && (rettv->v_type == VAR_FUNC
5825 		|| (rettv->v_type == VAR_PARTIAL
5826 		    && (rettv->vval.v_partial->pt_auto
5827 			|| rettv->vval.v_partial->pt_dict == NULL))))
5828 	selfdict = make_partial(selfdict, rettv);
5829 
5830     dict_unref(selfdict);
5831     return ret;
5832 }
5833 
5834 /*
5835  * Make a copy of an item.
5836  * Lists and Dictionaries are also copied.  A deep copy if "deep" is set.
5837  * For deepcopy() "copyID" is zero for a full copy or the ID for when a
5838  * reference to an already copied list/dict can be used.
5839  * Returns FAIL or OK.
5840  */
5841     int
5842 item_copy(
5843     typval_T	*from,
5844     typval_T	*to,
5845     int		deep,
5846     int		copyID)
5847 {
5848     static int	recurse = 0;
5849     int		ret = OK;
5850 
5851     if (recurse >= DICT_MAXNEST)
5852     {
5853 	emsg(_("E698: variable nested too deep for making a copy"));
5854 	return FAIL;
5855     }
5856     ++recurse;
5857 
5858     switch (from->v_type)
5859     {
5860 	case VAR_NUMBER:
5861 	case VAR_FLOAT:
5862 	case VAR_STRING:
5863 	case VAR_FUNC:
5864 	case VAR_PARTIAL:
5865 	case VAR_BOOL:
5866 	case VAR_SPECIAL:
5867 	case VAR_JOB:
5868 	case VAR_CHANNEL:
5869 	    copy_tv(from, to);
5870 	    break;
5871 	case VAR_LIST:
5872 	    to->v_type = VAR_LIST;
5873 	    to->v_lock = 0;
5874 	    if (from->vval.v_list == NULL)
5875 		to->vval.v_list = NULL;
5876 	    else if (copyID != 0 && from->vval.v_list->lv_copyID == copyID)
5877 	    {
5878 		// use the copy made earlier
5879 		to->vval.v_list = from->vval.v_list->lv_copylist;
5880 		++to->vval.v_list->lv_refcount;
5881 	    }
5882 	    else
5883 		to->vval.v_list = list_copy(from->vval.v_list, deep, copyID);
5884 	    if (to->vval.v_list == NULL)
5885 		ret = FAIL;
5886 	    break;
5887 	case VAR_BLOB:
5888 	    ret = blob_copy(from->vval.v_blob, to);
5889 	    break;
5890 	case VAR_DICT:
5891 	    to->v_type = VAR_DICT;
5892 	    to->v_lock = 0;
5893 	    if (from->vval.v_dict == NULL)
5894 		to->vval.v_dict = NULL;
5895 	    else if (copyID != 0 && from->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID == copyID)
5896 	    {
5897 		// use the copy made earlier
5898 		to->vval.v_dict = from->vval.v_dict->dv_copydict;
5899 		++to->vval.v_dict->dv_refcount;
5900 	    }
5901 	    else
5902 		to->vval.v_dict = dict_copy(from->vval.v_dict, deep, copyID);
5903 	    if (to->vval.v_dict == NULL)
5904 		ret = FAIL;
5905 	    break;
5906 	case VAR_UNKNOWN:
5907 	case VAR_ANY:
5908 	case VAR_VOID:
5909 	    internal_error_no_abort("item_copy(UNKNOWN)");
5910 	    ret = FAIL;
5911     }
5912     --recurse;
5913     return ret;
5914 }
5915 
5916     void
5917 echo_one(typval_T *rettv, int with_space, int *atstart, int *needclr)
5918 {
5919     char_u	*tofree;
5920     char_u	numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
5921     char_u	*p = echo_string(rettv, &tofree, numbuf, get_copyID());
5922 
5923     if (*atstart)
5924     {
5925 	*atstart = FALSE;
5926 	// Call msg_start() after eval1(), evaluating the expression
5927 	// may cause a message to appear.
5928 	if (with_space)
5929 	{
5930 	    // Mark the saved text as finishing the line, so that what
5931 	    // follows is displayed on a new line when scrolling back
5932 	    // at the more prompt.
5933 	    msg_sb_eol();
5934 	    msg_start();
5935 	}
5936     }
5937     else if (with_space)
5938 	msg_puts_attr(" ", echo_attr);
5939 
5940     if (p != NULL)
5941 	for ( ; *p != NUL && !got_int; ++p)
5942 	{
5943 	    if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\r' || *p == TAB)
5944 	    {
5945 		if (*p != TAB && *needclr)
5946 		{
5947 		    // remove any text still there from the command
5948 		    msg_clr_eos();
5949 		    *needclr = FALSE;
5950 		}
5951 		msg_putchar_attr(*p, echo_attr);
5952 	    }
5953 	    else
5954 	    {
5955 		if (has_mbyte)
5956 		{
5957 		    int i = (*mb_ptr2len)(p);
5958 
5959 		    (void)msg_outtrans_len_attr(p, i, echo_attr);
5960 		    p += i - 1;
5961 		}
5962 		else
5963 		    (void)msg_outtrans_len_attr(p, 1, echo_attr);
5964 	    }
5965 	}
5966     vim_free(tofree);
5967 }
5968 
5969 /*
5970  * ":echo expr1 ..."	print each argument separated with a space, add a
5971  *			newline at the end.
5972  * ":echon expr1 ..."	print each argument plain.
5973  */
5974     void
5975 ex_echo(exarg_T *eap)
5976 {
5977     char_u	*arg = eap->arg;
5978     typval_T	rettv;
5979     char_u	*p;
5980     int		needclr = TRUE;
5981     int		atstart = TRUE;
5982     int		did_emsg_before = did_emsg;
5983     int		called_emsg_before = called_emsg;
5984     evalarg_T	evalarg;
5985 
5986     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, eap->skip);
5987 
5988     if (eap->skip)
5989 	++emsg_skip;
5990     while ((!ends_excmd2(eap->cmd, arg) || *arg == '"') && !got_int)
5991     {
5992 	// If eval1() causes an error message the text from the command may
5993 	// still need to be cleared. E.g., "echo 22,44".
5994 	need_clr_eos = needclr;
5995 
5996 	p = arg;
5997 	if (eval1(&arg, &rettv, &evalarg) == FAIL)
5998 	{
5999 	    /*
6000 	     * Report the invalid expression unless the expression evaluation
6001 	     * has been cancelled due to an aborting error, an interrupt, or an
6002 	     * exception.
6003 	     */
6004 	    if (!aborting() && did_emsg == did_emsg_before
6005 					  && called_emsg == called_emsg_before)
6006 		semsg(_(e_invexpr2), p);
6007 	    need_clr_eos = FALSE;
6008 	    break;
6009 	}
6010 	need_clr_eos = FALSE;
6011 
6012 	if (!eap->skip)
6013 	    echo_one(&rettv, eap->cmdidx == CMD_echo, &atstart, &needclr);
6014 
6015 	clear_tv(&rettv);
6016 	arg = skipwhite(arg);
6017     }
6018     eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(arg);
6019     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, eap);
6020 
6021     if (eap->skip)
6022 	--emsg_skip;
6023     else
6024     {
6025 	// remove text that may still be there from the command
6026 	if (needclr)
6027 	    msg_clr_eos();
6028 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echo)
6029 	    msg_end();
6030     }
6031 }
6032 
6033 /*
6034  * ":echohl {name}".
6035  */
6036     void
6037 ex_echohl(exarg_T *eap)
6038 {
6039     echo_attr = syn_name2attr(eap->arg);
6040 }
6041 
6042 /*
6043  * Returns the :echo attribute
6044  */
6045     int
6046 get_echo_attr(void)
6047 {
6048     return echo_attr;
6049 }
6050 
6051 /*
6052  * ":execute expr1 ..."	execute the result of an expression.
6053  * ":echomsg expr1 ..."	Print a message
6054  * ":echoerr expr1 ..."	Print an error
6055  * Each gets spaces around each argument and a newline at the end for
6056  * echo commands
6057  */
6058     void
6059 ex_execute(exarg_T *eap)
6060 {
6061     char_u	*arg = eap->arg;
6062     typval_T	rettv;
6063     int		ret = OK;
6064     char_u	*p;
6065     garray_T	ga;
6066     int		len;
6067 
6068     ga_init2(&ga, 1, 80);
6069 
6070     if (eap->skip)
6071 	++emsg_skip;
6072     while (!ends_excmd2(eap->cmd, arg) || *arg == '"')
6073     {
6074 	ret = eval1_emsg(&arg, &rettv, eap);
6075 	if (ret == FAIL)
6076 	    break;
6077 
6078 	if (!eap->skip)
6079 	{
6080 	    char_u   buf[NUMBUFLEN];
6081 
6082 	    if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_execute)
6083 	    {
6084 		if (rettv.v_type == VAR_CHANNEL || rettv.v_type == VAR_JOB)
6085 		{
6086 		    emsg(_(e_inval_string));
6087 		    p = NULL;
6088 		}
6089 		else
6090 		    p = tv_get_string_buf(&rettv, buf);
6091 	    }
6092 	    else
6093 		p = tv_stringify(&rettv, buf);
6094 	    if (p == NULL)
6095 	    {
6096 		clear_tv(&rettv);
6097 		ret = FAIL;
6098 		break;
6099 	    }
6100 	    len = (int)STRLEN(p);
6101 	    if (ga_grow(&ga, len + 2) == FAIL)
6102 	    {
6103 		clear_tv(&rettv);
6104 		ret = FAIL;
6105 		break;
6106 	    }
6107 	    if (ga.ga_len)
6108 		((char_u *)(ga.ga_data))[ga.ga_len++] = ' ';
6109 	    STRCPY((char_u *)(ga.ga_data) + ga.ga_len, p);
6110 	    ga.ga_len += len;
6111 	}
6112 
6113 	clear_tv(&rettv);
6114 	arg = skipwhite(arg);
6115     }
6116 
6117     if (ret != FAIL && ga.ga_data != NULL)
6118     {
6119 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echomsg || eap->cmdidx == CMD_echoerr)
6120 	{
6121 	    // Mark the already saved text as finishing the line, so that what
6122 	    // follows is displayed on a new line when scrolling back at the
6123 	    // more prompt.
6124 	    msg_sb_eol();
6125 	}
6126 
6127 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echomsg)
6128 	{
6129 	    msg_attr(ga.ga_data, echo_attr);
6130 	    out_flush();
6131 	}
6132 	else if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echoerr)
6133 	{
6134 	    int		save_did_emsg = did_emsg;
6135 
6136 	    // We don't want to abort following commands, restore did_emsg.
6137 	    emsg(ga.ga_data);
6138 	    if (!force_abort)
6139 		did_emsg = save_did_emsg;
6140 	}
6141 	else if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_execute)
6142 	    do_cmdline((char_u *)ga.ga_data,
6143 		       eap->getline, eap->cookie, DOCMD_NOWAIT|DOCMD_VERBOSE);
6144     }
6145 
6146     ga_clear(&ga);
6147 
6148     if (eap->skip)
6149 	--emsg_skip;
6150 
6151     eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(arg);
6152 }
6153 
6154 /*
6155  * Skip over the name of an option: "&option", "&g:option" or "&l:option".
6156  * "arg" points to the "&" or '+' when called, to "option" when returning.
6157  * Returns NULL when no option name found.  Otherwise pointer to the char
6158  * after the option name.
6159  */
6160     char_u *
6161 find_option_end(char_u **arg, int *opt_flags)
6162 {
6163     char_u	*p = *arg;
6164 
6165     ++p;
6166     if (*p == 'g' && p[1] == ':')
6167     {
6168 	*opt_flags = OPT_GLOBAL;
6169 	p += 2;
6170     }
6171     else if (*p == 'l' && p[1] == ':')
6172     {
6173 	*opt_flags = OPT_LOCAL;
6174 	p += 2;
6175     }
6176     else
6177 	*opt_flags = 0;
6178 
6179     if (!ASCII_ISALPHA(*p))
6180 	return NULL;
6181     *arg = p;
6182 
6183     if (p[0] == 't' && p[1] == '_' && p[2] != NUL && p[3] != NUL)
6184 	p += 4;	    // termcap option
6185     else
6186 	while (ASCII_ISALPHA(*p))
6187 	    ++p;
6188     return p;
6189 }
6190 
6191 /*
6192  * Display script name where an item was last set.
6193  * Should only be invoked when 'verbose' is non-zero.
6194  */
6195     void
6196 last_set_msg(sctx_T script_ctx)
6197 {
6198     char_u *p;
6199 
6200     if (script_ctx.sc_sid != 0)
6201     {
6202 	p = home_replace_save(NULL, get_scriptname(script_ctx.sc_sid));
6203 	if (p != NULL)
6204 	{
6205 	    verbose_enter();
6206 	    msg_puts(_("\n\tLast set from "));
6207 	    msg_puts((char *)p);
6208 	    if (script_ctx.sc_lnum > 0)
6209 	    {
6210 		msg_puts(_(line_msg));
6211 		msg_outnum((long)script_ctx.sc_lnum);
6212 	    }
6213 	    verbose_leave();
6214 	    vim_free(p);
6215 	}
6216     }
6217 }
6218 
6219 #endif // FEAT_EVAL
6220 
6221 /*
6222  * Perform a substitution on "str" with pattern "pat" and substitute "sub".
6223  * When "sub" is NULL "expr" is used, must be a VAR_FUNC or VAR_PARTIAL.
6224  * "flags" can be "g" to do a global substitute.
6225  * Returns an allocated string, NULL for error.
6226  */
6227     char_u *
6228 do_string_sub(
6229     char_u	*str,
6230     char_u	*pat,
6231     char_u	*sub,
6232     typval_T	*expr,
6233     char_u	*flags)
6234 {
6235     int		sublen;
6236     regmatch_T	regmatch;
6237     int		i;
6238     int		do_all;
6239     char_u	*tail;
6240     char_u	*end;
6241     garray_T	ga;
6242     char_u	*ret;
6243     char_u	*save_cpo;
6244     char_u	*zero_width = NULL;
6245 
6246     // Make 'cpoptions' empty, so that the 'l' flag doesn't work here
6247     save_cpo = p_cpo;
6248     p_cpo = empty_option;
6249 
6250     ga_init2(&ga, 1, 200);
6251 
6252     do_all = (flags[0] == 'g');
6253 
6254     regmatch.rm_ic = p_ic;
6255     regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(pat, RE_MAGIC + RE_STRING);
6256     if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
6257     {
6258 	tail = str;
6259 	end = str + STRLEN(str);
6260 	while (vim_regexec_nl(&regmatch, str, (colnr_T)(tail - str)))
6261 	{
6262 	    // Skip empty match except for first match.
6263 	    if (regmatch.startp[0] == regmatch.endp[0])
6264 	    {
6265 		if (zero_width == regmatch.startp[0])
6266 		{
6267 		    // avoid getting stuck on a match with an empty string
6268 		    i = mb_ptr2len(tail);
6269 		    mch_memmove((char_u *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, tail,
6270 								   (size_t)i);
6271 		    ga.ga_len += i;
6272 		    tail += i;
6273 		    continue;
6274 		}
6275 		zero_width = regmatch.startp[0];
6276 	    }
6277 
6278 	    /*
6279 	     * Get some space for a temporary buffer to do the substitution
6280 	     * into.  It will contain:
6281 	     * - The text up to where the match is.
6282 	     * - The substituted text.
6283 	     * - The text after the match.
6284 	     */
6285 	    sublen = vim_regsub(&regmatch, sub, expr, tail, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
6286 	    if (ga_grow(&ga, (int)((end - tail) + sublen -
6287 			    (regmatch.endp[0] - regmatch.startp[0]))) == FAIL)
6288 	    {
6289 		ga_clear(&ga);
6290 		break;
6291 	    }
6292 
6293 	    // copy the text up to where the match is
6294 	    i = (int)(regmatch.startp[0] - tail);
6295 	    mch_memmove((char_u *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, tail, (size_t)i);
6296 	    // add the substituted text
6297 	    (void)vim_regsub(&regmatch, sub, expr, (char_u *)ga.ga_data
6298 					  + ga.ga_len + i, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
6299 	    ga.ga_len += i + sublen - 1;
6300 	    tail = regmatch.endp[0];
6301 	    if (*tail == NUL)
6302 		break;
6303 	    if (!do_all)
6304 		break;
6305 	}
6306 
6307 	if (ga.ga_data != NULL)
6308 	    STRCPY((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, tail);
6309 
6310 	vim_regfree(regmatch.regprog);
6311     }
6312 
6313     ret = vim_strsave(ga.ga_data == NULL ? str : (char_u *)ga.ga_data);
6314     ga_clear(&ga);
6315     if (p_cpo == empty_option)
6316 	p_cpo = save_cpo;
6317     else
6318     {
6319 	// Darn, evaluating {sub} expression or {expr} changed the value.
6320 	// If it's still empty it was changed and restored, need to restore in
6321 	// the complicated way.
6322 	if (*p_cpo == NUL)
6323 	    set_option_value((char_u *)"cpo", 0L, save_cpo, 0);
6324 	free_string_option(save_cpo);
6325     }
6326 
6327     return ret;
6328 }
6329