xref: /vim-8.2.3635/src/eval.c (revision 5ee0981f)
1 /* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
2  *
3  * VIM - Vi IMproved	by Bram Moolenaar
4  *
5  * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
6  * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
7  * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
8  */
9 
10 /*
11  * eval.c: Expression evaluation.
12  */
13 #define USING_FLOAT_STUFF
14 
15 #include "vim.h"
16 
17 #if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)
18 
19 #ifdef VMS
20 # include <float.h>
21 #endif
22 
23 #define NAMESPACE_CHAR	(char_u *)"abglstvw"
24 
25 /*
26  * When recursively copying lists and dicts we need to remember which ones we
27  * have done to avoid endless recursiveness.  This unique ID is used for that.
28  * The last bit is used for previous_funccal, ignored when comparing.
29  */
30 static int current_copyID = 0;
31 
32 /*
33  * Info used by a ":for" loop.
34  */
35 typedef struct
36 {
37     int		fi_semicolon;	// TRUE if ending in '; var]'
38     int		fi_varcount;	// nr of variables in the list
39     int		fi_break_count;	// nr of line breaks encountered
40     listwatch_T	fi_lw;		// keep an eye on the item used.
41     list_T	*fi_list;	// list being used
42     int		fi_bi;		// index of blob
43     blob_T	*fi_blob;	// blob being used
44 } forinfo_T;
45 
46 static int tv_op(typval_T *tv1, typval_T *tv2, char_u  *op);
47 static int eval2(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg);
48 static int eval3(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg);
49 static int eval4(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg);
50 static int eval5(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg);
51 static int eval6(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg, int want_string);
52 static int eval7(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg, int want_string);
53 static int eval7_leader(typval_T *rettv, int numeric_only, char_u *start_leader, char_u **end_leaderp);
54 
55 static int free_unref_items(int copyID);
56 static char_u *make_expanded_name(char_u *in_start, char_u *expr_start, char_u *expr_end, char_u *in_end);
57 
58 /*
59  * Return "n1" divided by "n2", taking care of dividing by zero.
60  */
61 	varnumber_T
62 num_divide(varnumber_T n1, varnumber_T n2)
63 {
64     varnumber_T	result;
65 
66     if (n2 == 0)	// give an error message?
67     {
68 	if (n1 == 0)
69 	    result = VARNUM_MIN; // similar to NaN
70 	else if (n1 < 0)
71 	    result = -VARNUM_MAX;
72 	else
73 	    result = VARNUM_MAX;
74     }
75     else
76 	result = n1 / n2;
77 
78     return result;
79 }
80 
81 /*
82  * Return "n1" modulus "n2", taking care of dividing by zero.
83  */
84 	varnumber_T
85 num_modulus(varnumber_T n1, varnumber_T n2)
86 {
87     // Give an error when n2 is 0?
88     return (n2 == 0) ? 0 : (n1 % n2);
89 }
90 
91 #if defined(EBCDIC) || defined(PROTO)
92 /*
93  * Compare struct fst by function name.
94  */
95     static int
96 compare_func_name(const void *s1, const void *s2)
97 {
98     struct fst *p1 = (struct fst *)s1;
99     struct fst *p2 = (struct fst *)s2;
100 
101     return STRCMP(p1->f_name, p2->f_name);
102 }
103 
104 /*
105  * Sort the function table by function name.
106  * The sorting of the table above is ASCII dependent.
107  * On machines using EBCDIC we have to sort it.
108  */
109     static void
110 sortFunctions(void)
111 {
112     int		funcCnt = (int)(sizeof(functions) / sizeof(struct fst)) - 1;
113 
114     qsort(functions, (size_t)funcCnt, sizeof(struct fst), compare_func_name);
115 }
116 #endif
117 
118 /*
119  * Initialize the global and v: variables.
120  */
121     void
122 eval_init(void)
123 {
124     evalvars_init();
125     func_init();
126 
127 #ifdef EBCDIC
128     /*
129      * Sort the function table, to enable binary search.
130      */
131     sortFunctions();
132 #endif
133 }
134 
135 #if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
136     void
137 eval_clear(void)
138 {
139     evalvars_clear();
140     free_scriptnames();  // must come after evalvars_clear().
141     free_locales();
142 
143     // autoloaded script names
144     free_autoload_scriptnames();
145 
146     // unreferenced lists and dicts
147     (void)garbage_collect(FALSE);
148 
149     // functions not garbage collected
150     free_all_functions();
151 }
152 #endif
153 
154     void
155 fill_evalarg_from_eap(evalarg_T *evalarg, exarg_T *eap, int skip)
156 {
157     CLEAR_FIELD(*evalarg);
158     evalarg->eval_flags = skip ? 0 : EVAL_EVALUATE;
159     if (eap != NULL && getline_equal(eap->getline, eap->cookie, getsourceline))
160     {
161 	evalarg->eval_getline = eap->getline;
162 	evalarg->eval_cookie = eap->cookie;
163     }
164 }
165 
166 /*
167  * Top level evaluation function, returning a boolean.
168  * Sets "error" to TRUE if there was an error.
169  * Return TRUE or FALSE.
170  */
171     int
172 eval_to_bool(
173     char_u	*arg,
174     int		*error,
175     exarg_T	*eap,
176     int		skip)	    // only parse, don't execute
177 {
178     typval_T	tv;
179     varnumber_T	retval = FALSE;
180     evalarg_T	evalarg;
181 
182     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, skip);
183 
184     if (skip)
185 	++emsg_skip;
186     if (eval0(arg, &tv, eap, &evalarg) == FAIL)
187 	*error = TRUE;
188     else
189     {
190 	*error = FALSE;
191 	if (!skip)
192 	{
193 	    if (in_vim9script())
194 		retval = tv_get_bool_chk(&tv, error);
195 	    else
196 		retval = (tv_get_number_chk(&tv, error) != 0);
197 	    clear_tv(&tv);
198 	}
199     }
200     if (skip)
201 	--emsg_skip;
202     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, eap);
203 
204     return (int)retval;
205 }
206 
207 /*
208  * Call eval1() and give an error message if not done at a lower level.
209  */
210     static int
211 eval1_emsg(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, exarg_T *eap)
212 {
213     char_u	*start = *arg;
214     int		ret;
215     int		did_emsg_before = did_emsg;
216     int		called_emsg_before = called_emsg;
217     evalarg_T	evalarg;
218 
219     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, eap != NULL && eap->skip);
220 
221     ret = eval1(arg, rettv, &evalarg);
222     if (ret == FAIL)
223     {
224 	// Report the invalid expression unless the expression evaluation has
225 	// been cancelled due to an aborting error, an interrupt, or an
226 	// exception, or we already gave a more specific error.
227 	// Also check called_emsg for when using assert_fails().
228 	if (!aborting() && did_emsg == did_emsg_before
229 					  && called_emsg == called_emsg_before)
230 	    semsg(_(e_invexpr2), start);
231     }
232     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, eap);
233     return ret;
234 }
235 
236 /*
237  * Return whether a typval is a valid expression to pass to eval_expr_typval()
238  * or eval_expr_to_bool().  An empty string returns FALSE;
239  */
240     int
241 eval_expr_valid_arg(typval_T *tv)
242 {
243     return tv->v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
244 	    && (tv->v_type != VAR_STRING
245 		  || (tv->vval.v_string != NULL && *tv->vval.v_string != NUL));
246 }
247 
248 /*
249  * Evaluate an expression, which can be a function, partial or string.
250  * Pass arguments "argv[argc]".
251  * Return the result in "rettv" and OK or FAIL.
252  */
253     int
254 eval_expr_typval(typval_T *expr, typval_T *argv, int argc, typval_T *rettv)
255 {
256     char_u	*s;
257     char_u	buf[NUMBUFLEN];
258     funcexe_T	funcexe;
259 
260     if (expr->v_type == VAR_FUNC)
261     {
262 	s = expr->vval.v_string;
263 	if (s == NULL || *s == NUL)
264 	    return FAIL;
265 	CLEAR_FIELD(funcexe);
266 	funcexe.evaluate = TRUE;
267 	if (call_func(s, -1, rettv, argc, argv, &funcexe) == FAIL)
268 	    return FAIL;
269     }
270     else if (expr->v_type == VAR_PARTIAL)
271     {
272 	partial_T   *partial = expr->vval.v_partial;
273 
274 	if (partial == NULL)
275 	    return FAIL;
276 
277 	if (partial->pt_func != NULL
278 			  && partial->pt_func->uf_def_status != UF_NOT_COMPILED)
279 	{
280 	    if (call_def_function(partial->pt_func, argc, argv,
281 						       partial, rettv) == FAIL)
282 		return FAIL;
283 	}
284 	else
285 	{
286 	    s = partial_name(partial);
287 	    if (s == NULL || *s == NUL)
288 		return FAIL;
289 	    CLEAR_FIELD(funcexe);
290 	    funcexe.evaluate = TRUE;
291 	    funcexe.partial = partial;
292 	    if (call_func(s, -1, rettv, argc, argv, &funcexe) == FAIL)
293 		return FAIL;
294 	}
295     }
296     else
297     {
298 	s = tv_get_string_buf_chk(expr, buf);
299 	if (s == NULL)
300 	    return FAIL;
301 	s = skipwhite(s);
302 	if (eval1_emsg(&s, rettv, NULL) == FAIL)
303 	    return FAIL;
304 	if (*skipwhite(s) != NUL)  // check for trailing chars after expr
305 	{
306 	    clear_tv(rettv);
307 	    semsg(_(e_invexpr2), s);
308 	    return FAIL;
309 	}
310     }
311     return OK;
312 }
313 
314 /*
315  * Like eval_to_bool() but using a typval_T instead of a string.
316  * Works for string, funcref and partial.
317  */
318     int
319 eval_expr_to_bool(typval_T *expr, int *error)
320 {
321     typval_T	rettv;
322     int		res;
323 
324     if (eval_expr_typval(expr, NULL, 0, &rettv) == FAIL)
325     {
326 	*error = TRUE;
327 	return FALSE;
328     }
329     res = (tv_get_bool_chk(&rettv, error) != 0);
330     clear_tv(&rettv);
331     return res;
332 }
333 
334 /*
335  * Top level evaluation function, returning a string.  If "skip" is TRUE,
336  * only parsing to "nextcmd" is done, without reporting errors.  Return
337  * pointer to allocated memory, or NULL for failure or when "skip" is TRUE.
338  */
339     char_u *
340 eval_to_string_skip(
341     char_u	*arg,
342     exarg_T	*eap,
343     int		skip)	    // only parse, don't execute
344 {
345     typval_T	tv;
346     char_u	*retval;
347     evalarg_T	evalarg;
348 
349     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, skip);
350     if (skip)
351 	++emsg_skip;
352     if (eval0(arg, &tv, eap, &evalarg) == FAIL || skip)
353 	retval = NULL;
354     else
355     {
356 	retval = vim_strsave(tv_get_string(&tv));
357 	clear_tv(&tv);
358     }
359     if (skip)
360 	--emsg_skip;
361     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, eap);
362 
363     return retval;
364 }
365 
366 /*
367  * Skip over an expression at "*pp".
368  * Return FAIL for an error, OK otherwise.
369  */
370     int
371 skip_expr(char_u **pp, evalarg_T *evalarg)
372 {
373     typval_T	rettv;
374 
375     *pp = skipwhite(*pp);
376     return eval1(pp, &rettv, evalarg);
377 }
378 
379 /*
380  * Skip over an expression at "*pp".
381  * If in Vim9 script and line breaks are encountered, the lines are
382  * concatenated.  "evalarg->eval_tofree" will be set accordingly.
383  * "arg" is advanced to just after the expression.
384  * "start" is set to the start of the expression, "end" to just after the end.
385  * Also when the expression is copied to allocated memory.
386  * Return FAIL for an error, OK otherwise.
387  */
388     int
389 skip_expr_concatenate(
390 	char_u	    **arg,
391 	char_u	    **start,
392 	char_u	    **end,
393 	evalarg_T   *evalarg)
394 {
395     typval_T	rettv;
396     int		res;
397     int		vim9script = in_vim9script();
398     garray_T    *gap = evalarg == NULL ? NULL : &evalarg->eval_ga;
399     int		save_flags = evalarg == NULL ? 0 : evalarg->eval_flags;
400     int		evaluate = evalarg == NULL
401 			       ? FALSE : (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
402 
403     if (vim9script && evaluate
404 	       && (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL || evalarg->eval_cctx != NULL))
405     {
406 	ga_init2(gap, sizeof(char_u *), 10);
407 	// leave room for "start"
408 	if (ga_grow(gap, 1) == OK)
409 	    ++gap->ga_len;
410     }
411     *start = *arg;
412 
413     // Don't evaluate the expression.
414     if (evalarg != NULL)
415 	evalarg->eval_flags &= ~EVAL_EVALUATE;
416     *arg = skipwhite(*arg);
417     res = eval1(arg, &rettv, evalarg);
418     *end = *arg;
419     if (evalarg != NULL)
420 	evalarg->eval_flags = save_flags;
421 
422     if (vim9script && evaluate
423 	    && (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL || evalarg->eval_cctx != NULL))
424     {
425 	if (evalarg->eval_ga.ga_len == 1)
426 	{
427 	    // just one line, no need to concatenate
428 	    ga_clear(gap);
429 	    gap->ga_itemsize = 0;
430 	}
431 	else
432 	{
433 	    char_u	    *p;
434 	    size_t	    endoff = STRLEN(*arg);
435 
436 	    // Line breaks encountered, concatenate all the lines.
437 	    *((char_u **)gap->ga_data) = *start;
438 	    p = ga_concat_strings(gap, "");
439 
440 	    // free the lines only when using getsourceline()
441 	    if (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL)
442 	    {
443 		// Do not free the first line, the caller can still use it.
444 		*((char_u **)gap->ga_data) = NULL;
445 		// Do not free the last line, "arg" points into it, free it
446 		// later.
447 		vim_free(evalarg->eval_tofree);
448 		evalarg->eval_tofree =
449 				    ((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len - 1];
450 		((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len - 1] = NULL;
451 		ga_clear_strings(gap);
452 	    }
453 	    else
454 		ga_clear(gap);
455 	    gap->ga_itemsize = 0;
456 	    if (p == NULL)
457 		return FAIL;
458 	    *start = p;
459 	    vim_free(evalarg->eval_tofree_lambda);
460 	    evalarg->eval_tofree_lambda = p;
461 	    // Compute "end" relative to the end.
462 	    *end = *start + STRLEN(*start) - endoff;
463 	}
464     }
465 
466     return res;
467 }
468 
469 /*
470  * Top level evaluation function, returning a string.  Does not handle line
471  * breaks.
472  * When "convert" is TRUE convert a List into a sequence of lines and convert
473  * a Float to a String.
474  * Return pointer to allocated memory, or NULL for failure.
475  */
476     char_u *
477 eval_to_string_eap(
478     char_u	*arg,
479     int		convert,
480     exarg_T	*eap)
481 {
482     typval_T	tv;
483     char_u	*retval;
484     garray_T	ga;
485 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
486     char_u	numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
487 #endif
488     evalarg_T	evalarg;
489 
490     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, eap != NULL && eap->skip);
491     if (eval0(arg, &tv, NULL, &evalarg) == FAIL)
492 	retval = NULL;
493     else
494     {
495 	if (convert && tv.v_type == VAR_LIST)
496 	{
497 	    ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char), 80);
498 	    if (tv.vval.v_list != NULL)
499 	    {
500 		list_join(&ga, tv.vval.v_list, (char_u *)"\n", TRUE, FALSE, 0);
501 		if (tv.vval.v_list->lv_len > 0)
502 		    ga_append(&ga, NL);
503 	    }
504 	    ga_append(&ga, NUL);
505 	    retval = (char_u *)ga.ga_data;
506 	}
507 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
508 	else if (convert && tv.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
509 	{
510 	    vim_snprintf((char *)numbuf, NUMBUFLEN, "%g", tv.vval.v_float);
511 	    retval = vim_strsave(numbuf);
512 	}
513 #endif
514 	else
515 	    retval = vim_strsave(tv_get_string(&tv));
516 	clear_tv(&tv);
517     }
518     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, NULL);
519 
520     return retval;
521 }
522 
523     char_u *
524 eval_to_string(
525     char_u	*arg,
526     int		convert)
527 {
528     return eval_to_string_eap(arg, convert, NULL);
529 }
530 
531 /*
532  * Call eval_to_string() without using current local variables and using
533  * textwinlock.  When "use_sandbox" is TRUE use the sandbox.
534  * Use legacy Vim script syntax.
535  */
536     char_u *
537 eval_to_string_safe(
538     char_u	*arg,
539     int		use_sandbox)
540 {
541     char_u	*retval;
542     funccal_entry_T funccal_entry;
543     int		save_sc_version = current_sctx.sc_version;
544 
545     current_sctx.sc_version = 1;
546     save_funccal(&funccal_entry);
547     if (use_sandbox)
548 	++sandbox;
549     ++textwinlock;
550     retval = eval_to_string(arg, FALSE);
551     if (use_sandbox)
552 	--sandbox;
553     --textwinlock;
554     restore_funccal();
555     current_sctx.sc_version = save_sc_version;
556     return retval;
557 }
558 
559 /*
560  * Top level evaluation function, returning a number.
561  * Evaluates "expr" silently.
562  * Returns -1 for an error.
563  */
564     varnumber_T
565 eval_to_number(char_u *expr)
566 {
567     typval_T	rettv;
568     varnumber_T	retval;
569     char_u	*p = skipwhite(expr);
570 
571     ++emsg_off;
572 
573     if (eval1(&p, &rettv, &EVALARG_EVALUATE) == FAIL)
574 	retval = -1;
575     else
576     {
577 	retval = tv_get_number_chk(&rettv, NULL);
578 	clear_tv(&rettv);
579     }
580     --emsg_off;
581 
582     return retval;
583 }
584 
585 /*
586  * Top level evaluation function.
587  * Returns an allocated typval_T with the result.
588  * Returns NULL when there is an error.
589  */
590     typval_T *
591 eval_expr(char_u *arg, exarg_T *eap)
592 {
593     typval_T	*tv;
594     evalarg_T	evalarg;
595 
596     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, eap != NULL && eap->skip);
597 
598     tv = ALLOC_ONE(typval_T);
599     if (tv != NULL && eval0(arg, tv, eap, &evalarg) == FAIL)
600 	VIM_CLEAR(tv);
601 
602     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, eap);
603     return tv;
604 }
605 
606 /*
607  * Call some Vim script function and return the result in "*rettv".
608  * Uses argv[0] to argv[argc - 1] for the function arguments.  argv[argc]
609  * should have type VAR_UNKNOWN.
610  * Returns OK or FAIL.
611  */
612     int
613 call_vim_function(
614     char_u      *func,
615     int		argc,
616     typval_T	*argv,
617     typval_T	*rettv)
618 {
619     int		ret;
620     funcexe_T	funcexe;
621 
622     rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;		// clear_tv() uses this
623     CLEAR_FIELD(funcexe);
624     funcexe.firstline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
625     funcexe.lastline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
626     funcexe.evaluate = TRUE;
627     ret = call_func(func, -1, rettv, argc, argv, &funcexe);
628     if (ret == FAIL)
629 	clear_tv(rettv);
630 
631     return ret;
632 }
633 
634 /*
635  * Call Vim script function "func" and return the result as a number.
636  * Returns -1 when calling the function fails.
637  * Uses argv[0] to argv[argc - 1] for the function arguments. argv[argc] should
638  * have type VAR_UNKNOWN.
639  */
640     varnumber_T
641 call_func_retnr(
642     char_u      *func,
643     int		argc,
644     typval_T	*argv)
645 {
646     typval_T	rettv;
647     varnumber_T	retval;
648 
649     if (call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, &rettv) == FAIL)
650 	return -1;
651 
652     retval = tv_get_number_chk(&rettv, NULL);
653     clear_tv(&rettv);
654     return retval;
655 }
656 
657 /*
658  * Call Vim script function "func" and return the result as a string.
659  * Returns NULL when calling the function fails.
660  * Uses argv[0] to argv[argc - 1] for the function arguments. argv[argc] should
661  * have type VAR_UNKNOWN.
662  */
663     void *
664 call_func_retstr(
665     char_u      *func,
666     int		argc,
667     typval_T	*argv)
668 {
669     typval_T	rettv;
670     char_u	*retval;
671 
672     if (call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, &rettv) == FAIL)
673 	return NULL;
674 
675     retval = vim_strsave(tv_get_string(&rettv));
676     clear_tv(&rettv);
677     return retval;
678 }
679 
680 /*
681  * Call Vim script function "func" and return the result as a List.
682  * Uses argv[0] to argv[argc - 1] for the function arguments. argv[argc] should
683  * have type VAR_UNKNOWN.
684  * Returns NULL when there is something wrong.
685  */
686     void *
687 call_func_retlist(
688     char_u      *func,
689     int		argc,
690     typval_T	*argv)
691 {
692     typval_T	rettv;
693 
694     if (call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, &rettv) == FAIL)
695 	return NULL;
696 
697     if (rettv.v_type != VAR_LIST)
698     {
699 	clear_tv(&rettv);
700 	return NULL;
701     }
702 
703     return rettv.vval.v_list;
704 }
705 
706 #ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
707 /*
708  * Evaluate 'foldexpr'.  Returns the foldlevel, and any character preceding
709  * it in "*cp".  Doesn't give error messages.
710  */
711     int
712 eval_foldexpr(char_u *arg, int *cp)
713 {
714     typval_T	tv;
715     varnumber_T	retval;
716     char_u	*s;
717     int		use_sandbox = was_set_insecurely((char_u *)"foldexpr",
718 								   OPT_LOCAL);
719 
720     ++emsg_off;
721     if (use_sandbox)
722 	++sandbox;
723     ++textwinlock;
724     *cp = NUL;
725     if (eval0(arg, &tv, NULL, &EVALARG_EVALUATE) == FAIL)
726 	retval = 0;
727     else
728     {
729 	// If the result is a number, just return the number.
730 	if (tv.v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
731 	    retval = tv.vval.v_number;
732 	else if (tv.v_type != VAR_STRING || tv.vval.v_string == NULL)
733 	    retval = 0;
734 	else
735 	{
736 	    // If the result is a string, check if there is a non-digit before
737 	    // the number.
738 	    s = tv.vval.v_string;
739 	    if (!VIM_ISDIGIT(*s) && *s != '-')
740 		*cp = *s++;
741 	    retval = atol((char *)s);
742 	}
743 	clear_tv(&tv);
744     }
745     --emsg_off;
746     if (use_sandbox)
747 	--sandbox;
748     --textwinlock;
749     clear_evalarg(&EVALARG_EVALUATE, NULL);
750 
751     return (int)retval;
752 }
753 #endif
754 
755 /*
756  * Get an lval: variable, Dict item or List item that can be assigned a value
757  * to: "name", "na{me}", "name[expr]", "name[expr:expr]", "name[expr][expr]",
758  * "name.key", "name.key[expr]" etc.
759  * Indexing only works if "name" is an existing List or Dictionary.
760  * "name" points to the start of the name.
761  * If "rettv" is not NULL it points to the value to be assigned.
762  * "unlet" is TRUE for ":unlet": slightly different behavior when something is
763  * wrong; must end in space or cmd separator.
764  *
765  * flags:
766  *  GLV_QUIET:       do not give error messages
767  *  GLV_READ_ONLY:   will not change the variable
768  *  GLV_NO_AUTOLOAD: do not use script autoloading
769  *
770  * Returns a pointer to just after the name, including indexes.
771  * When an evaluation error occurs "lp->ll_name" is NULL;
772  * Returns NULL for a parsing error.  Still need to free items in "lp"!
773  */
774     char_u *
775 get_lval(
776     char_u	*name,
777     typval_T	*rettv,
778     lval_T	*lp,
779     int		unlet,
780     int		skip,
781     int		flags,	    // GLV_ values
782     int		fne_flags)  // flags for find_name_end()
783 {
784     char_u	*p;
785     char_u	*expr_start, *expr_end;
786     int		cc;
787     dictitem_T	*v;
788     typval_T	var1;
789     typval_T	var2;
790     int		empty1 = FALSE;
791     listitem_T	*ni;
792     char_u	*key = NULL;
793     int		len;
794     hashtab_T	*ht = NULL;
795     int		quiet = flags & GLV_QUIET;
796 
797     // Clear everything in "lp".
798     CLEAR_POINTER(lp);
799 
800     if (skip)
801     {
802 	// When skipping just find the end of the name.
803 	lp->ll_name = name;
804 	lp->ll_name_end = find_name_end(name, NULL, NULL,
805 						      FNE_INCL_BR | fne_flags);
806 	return lp->ll_name_end;
807     }
808 
809     // Find the end of the name.
810     p = find_name_end(name, &expr_start, &expr_end, fne_flags);
811     lp->ll_name_end = p;
812     if (expr_start != NULL)
813     {
814 	// Don't expand the name when we already know there is an error.
815 	if (unlet && !VIM_ISWHITE(*p) && !ends_excmd(*p)
816 						    && *p != '[' && *p != '.')
817 	{
818 	    semsg(_(e_trailing_arg), p);
819 	    return NULL;
820 	}
821 
822 	lp->ll_exp_name = make_expanded_name(name, expr_start, expr_end, p);
823 	if (lp->ll_exp_name == NULL)
824 	{
825 	    // Report an invalid expression in braces, unless the
826 	    // expression evaluation has been cancelled due to an
827 	    // aborting error, an interrupt, or an exception.
828 	    if (!aborting() && !quiet)
829 	    {
830 		emsg_severe = TRUE;
831 		semsg(_(e_invarg2), name);
832 		return NULL;
833 	    }
834 	}
835 	lp->ll_name = lp->ll_exp_name;
836     }
837     else
838     {
839 	lp->ll_name = name;
840 
841 	if (in_vim9script())
842 	{
843 	    // "a: type" is declaring variable "a" with a type, not "a:".
844 	    if (p == name + 2 && p[-1] == ':')
845 	    {
846 		--p;
847 		lp->ll_name_end = p;
848 	    }
849 	    if (*p == ':')
850 	    {
851 		scriptitem_T *si = SCRIPT_ITEM(current_sctx.sc_sid);
852 		char_u	 *tp = skipwhite(p + 1);
853 
854 		// parse the type after the name
855 		lp->ll_type = parse_type(&tp, &si->sn_type_list);
856 		lp->ll_name_end = tp;
857 	    }
858 	}
859     }
860 
861     // Without [idx] or .key we are done.
862     if ((*p != '[' && *p != '.') || lp->ll_name == NULL)
863 	return p;
864 
865     cc = *p;
866     *p = NUL;
867     // Only pass &ht when we would write to the variable, it prevents autoload
868     // as well.
869     v = find_var(lp->ll_name, (flags & GLV_READ_ONLY) ? NULL : &ht,
870 						      flags & GLV_NO_AUTOLOAD);
871     if (v == NULL && !quiet)
872 	semsg(_(e_undefined_variable_str), lp->ll_name);
873     *p = cc;
874     if (v == NULL)
875 	return NULL;
876 
877     /*
878      * Loop until no more [idx] or .key is following.
879      */
880     lp->ll_tv = &v->di_tv;
881     var1.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
882     var2.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
883     while (*p == '[' || (*p == '.' && lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT))
884     {
885 	if (!(lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_LIST && lp->ll_tv->vval.v_list != NULL)
886 		&& !(lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
887 		&& !(lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_BLOB
888 					   && lp->ll_tv->vval.v_blob != NULL))
889 	{
890 	    if (!quiet)
891 		emsg(_("E689: Can only index a List, Dictionary or Blob"));
892 	    return NULL;
893 	}
894 	if (lp->ll_range)
895 	{
896 	    if (!quiet)
897 		emsg(_("E708: [:] must come last"));
898 	    return NULL;
899 	}
900 
901 	if (in_vim9script() && lp->ll_valtype == NULL
902 		&& lp->ll_tv == &v->di_tv
903 		&& ht != NULL && ht == get_script_local_ht())
904 	{
905 	    svar_T  *sv = find_typval_in_script(lp->ll_tv);
906 
907 	    // Vim9 script local variable: get the type
908 	    if (sv != NULL)
909 		lp->ll_valtype = sv->sv_type;
910 	}
911 
912 	len = -1;
913 	if (*p == '.')
914 	{
915 	    key = p + 1;
916 	    for (len = 0; ASCII_ISALNUM(key[len]) || key[len] == '_'; ++len)
917 		;
918 	    if (len == 0)
919 	    {
920 		if (!quiet)
921 		    emsg(_(e_emptykey));
922 		return NULL;
923 	    }
924 	    p = key + len;
925 	}
926 	else
927 	{
928 	    // Get the index [expr] or the first index [expr: ].
929 	    p = skipwhite(p + 1);
930 	    if (*p == ':')
931 		empty1 = TRUE;
932 	    else
933 	    {
934 		empty1 = FALSE;
935 		if (eval1(&p, &var1, &EVALARG_EVALUATE) == FAIL)  // recursive!
936 		    return NULL;
937 		if (tv_get_string_chk(&var1) == NULL)
938 		{
939 		    // not a number or string
940 		    clear_tv(&var1);
941 		    return NULL;
942 		}
943 		p = skipwhite(p);
944 	    }
945 
946 	    // Optionally get the second index [ :expr].
947 	    if (*p == ':')
948 	    {
949 		if (lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
950 		{
951 		    if (!quiet)
952 			emsg(_(e_cannot_slice_dictionary));
953 		    clear_tv(&var1);
954 		    return NULL;
955 		}
956 		if (rettv != NULL
957 			&& !(rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST
958 						 && rettv->vval.v_list != NULL)
959 			&& !(rettv->v_type == VAR_BLOB
960 						&& rettv->vval.v_blob != NULL))
961 		{
962 		    if (!quiet)
963 			emsg(_("E709: [:] requires a List or Blob value"));
964 		    clear_tv(&var1);
965 		    return NULL;
966 		}
967 		p = skipwhite(p + 1);
968 		if (*p == ']')
969 		    lp->ll_empty2 = TRUE;
970 		else
971 		{
972 		    lp->ll_empty2 = FALSE;
973 		    // recursive!
974 		    if (eval1(&p, &var2, &EVALARG_EVALUATE) == FAIL)
975 		    {
976 			clear_tv(&var1);
977 			return NULL;
978 		    }
979 		    if (tv_get_string_chk(&var2) == NULL)
980 		    {
981 			// not a number or string
982 			clear_tv(&var1);
983 			clear_tv(&var2);
984 			return NULL;
985 		    }
986 		}
987 		lp->ll_range = TRUE;
988 	    }
989 	    else
990 		lp->ll_range = FALSE;
991 
992 	    if (*p != ']')
993 	    {
994 		if (!quiet)
995 		    emsg(_(e_missbrac));
996 		clear_tv(&var1);
997 		clear_tv(&var2);
998 		return NULL;
999 	    }
1000 
1001 	    // Skip to past ']'.
1002 	    ++p;
1003 	}
1004 
1005 	if (lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
1006 	{
1007 	    if (len == -1)
1008 	    {
1009 		// "[key]": get key from "var1"
1010 		key = tv_get_string_chk(&var1);	// is number or string
1011 		if (key == NULL)
1012 		{
1013 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1014 		    return NULL;
1015 		}
1016 	    }
1017 	    lp->ll_list = NULL;
1018 
1019 	    // a NULL dict is equivalent with an empty dict
1020 	    if (lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict == NULL)
1021 	    {
1022 		lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict = dict_alloc();
1023 		if (lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict == NULL)
1024 		{
1025 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1026 		    return NULL;
1027 		}
1028 		++lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict->dv_refcount;
1029 	    }
1030 	    lp->ll_dict = lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict;
1031 
1032 	    lp->ll_di = dict_find(lp->ll_dict, key, len);
1033 
1034 	    // When assigning to a scope dictionary check that a function and
1035 	    // variable name is valid (only variable name unless it is l: or
1036 	    // g: dictionary). Disallow overwriting a builtin function.
1037 	    if (rettv != NULL && lp->ll_dict->dv_scope != 0)
1038 	    {
1039 		int prevval;
1040 		int wrong;
1041 
1042 		if (len != -1)
1043 		{
1044 		    prevval = key[len];
1045 		    key[len] = NUL;
1046 		}
1047 		else
1048 		    prevval = 0; // avoid compiler warning
1049 		wrong = (lp->ll_dict->dv_scope == VAR_DEF_SCOPE
1050 			       && rettv->v_type == VAR_FUNC
1051 			       && var_wrong_func_name(key, lp->ll_di == NULL))
1052 			|| !valid_varname(key);
1053 		if (len != -1)
1054 		    key[len] = prevval;
1055 		if (wrong)
1056 		{
1057 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1058 		    return NULL;
1059 		}
1060 	    }
1061 
1062 	    if (lp->ll_valtype != NULL)
1063 		// use the type of the member
1064 		lp->ll_valtype = lp->ll_valtype->tt_member;
1065 
1066 	    if (lp->ll_di == NULL)
1067 	    {
1068 		// Can't add "v:" or "a:" variable.
1069 		if (lp->ll_dict == get_vimvar_dict()
1070 			 || &lp->ll_dict->dv_hashtab == get_funccal_args_ht())
1071 		{
1072 		    semsg(_(e_illvar), name);
1073 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1074 		    return NULL;
1075 		}
1076 
1077 		// Key does not exist in dict: may need to add it.
1078 		if (*p == '[' || *p == '.' || unlet)
1079 		{
1080 		    if (!quiet)
1081 			semsg(_(e_dictkey), key);
1082 		    clear_tv(&var1);
1083 		    return NULL;
1084 		}
1085 		if (len == -1)
1086 		    lp->ll_newkey = vim_strsave(key);
1087 		else
1088 		    lp->ll_newkey = vim_strnsave(key, len);
1089 		clear_tv(&var1);
1090 		if (lp->ll_newkey == NULL)
1091 		    p = NULL;
1092 		break;
1093 	    }
1094 	    // existing variable, need to check if it can be changed
1095 	    else if ((flags & GLV_READ_ONLY) == 0
1096 			&& (var_check_ro(lp->ll_di->di_flags, name, FALSE)
1097 			  || var_check_lock(lp->ll_di->di_flags, name, FALSE)))
1098 	    {
1099 		clear_tv(&var1);
1100 		return NULL;
1101 	    }
1102 
1103 	    clear_tv(&var1);
1104 	    lp->ll_tv = &lp->ll_di->di_tv;
1105 	}
1106 	else if (lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_BLOB)
1107 	{
1108 	    long bloblen = blob_len(lp->ll_tv->vval.v_blob);
1109 
1110 	    /*
1111 	     * Get the number and item for the only or first index of the List.
1112 	     */
1113 	    if (empty1)
1114 		lp->ll_n1 = 0;
1115 	    else
1116 		// is number or string
1117 		lp->ll_n1 = (long)tv_get_number(&var1);
1118 	    clear_tv(&var1);
1119 
1120 	    if (lp->ll_n1 < 0
1121 		    || lp->ll_n1 > bloblen
1122 		    || (lp->ll_range && lp->ll_n1 == bloblen))
1123 	    {
1124 		if (!quiet)
1125 		    semsg(_(e_blobidx), lp->ll_n1);
1126 		clear_tv(&var2);
1127 		return NULL;
1128 	    }
1129 	    if (lp->ll_range && !lp->ll_empty2)
1130 	    {
1131 		lp->ll_n2 = (long)tv_get_number(&var2);
1132 		clear_tv(&var2);
1133 		if (lp->ll_n2 < 0
1134 			|| lp->ll_n2 >= bloblen
1135 			|| lp->ll_n2 < lp->ll_n1)
1136 		{
1137 		    if (!quiet)
1138 			semsg(_(e_blobidx), lp->ll_n2);
1139 		    return NULL;
1140 		}
1141 	    }
1142 	    lp->ll_blob = lp->ll_tv->vval.v_blob;
1143 	    lp->ll_tv = NULL;
1144 	    break;
1145 	}
1146 	else
1147 	{
1148 	    /*
1149 	     * Get the number and item for the only or first index of the List.
1150 	     */
1151 	    if (empty1)
1152 		lp->ll_n1 = 0;
1153 	    else
1154 		// is number or string
1155 		lp->ll_n1 = (long)tv_get_number(&var1);
1156 	    clear_tv(&var1);
1157 
1158 	    lp->ll_dict = NULL;
1159 	    lp->ll_list = lp->ll_tv->vval.v_list;
1160 	    lp->ll_li = list_find(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_n1);
1161 	    if (lp->ll_li == NULL)
1162 	    {
1163 		if (lp->ll_n1 < 0)
1164 		{
1165 		    lp->ll_n1 = 0;
1166 		    lp->ll_li = list_find(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_n1);
1167 		}
1168 	    }
1169 	    if (lp->ll_li == NULL)
1170 	    {
1171 		clear_tv(&var2);
1172 		if (!quiet)
1173 		    semsg(_(e_listidx), lp->ll_n1);
1174 		return NULL;
1175 	    }
1176 
1177 	    if (lp->ll_valtype != NULL)
1178 		// use the type of the member
1179 		lp->ll_valtype = lp->ll_valtype->tt_member;
1180 
1181 	    /*
1182 	     * May need to find the item or absolute index for the second
1183 	     * index of a range.
1184 	     * When no index given: "lp->ll_empty2" is TRUE.
1185 	     * Otherwise "lp->ll_n2" is set to the second index.
1186 	     */
1187 	    if (lp->ll_range && !lp->ll_empty2)
1188 	    {
1189 		lp->ll_n2 = (long)tv_get_number(&var2);
1190 						    // is number or string
1191 		clear_tv(&var2);
1192 		if (lp->ll_n2 < 0)
1193 		{
1194 		    ni = list_find(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_n2);
1195 		    if (ni == NULL)
1196 		    {
1197 			if (!quiet)
1198 			    semsg(_(e_listidx), lp->ll_n2);
1199 			return NULL;
1200 		    }
1201 		    lp->ll_n2 = list_idx_of_item(lp->ll_list, ni);
1202 		}
1203 
1204 		// Check that lp->ll_n2 isn't before lp->ll_n1.
1205 		if (lp->ll_n1 < 0)
1206 		    lp->ll_n1 = list_idx_of_item(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_li);
1207 		if (lp->ll_n2 < lp->ll_n1)
1208 		{
1209 		    if (!quiet)
1210 			semsg(_(e_listidx), lp->ll_n2);
1211 		    return NULL;
1212 		}
1213 	    }
1214 
1215 	    lp->ll_tv = &lp->ll_li->li_tv;
1216 	}
1217     }
1218 
1219     clear_tv(&var1);
1220     lp->ll_name_end = p;
1221     return p;
1222 }
1223 
1224 /*
1225  * Clear lval "lp" that was filled by get_lval().
1226  */
1227     void
1228 clear_lval(lval_T *lp)
1229 {
1230     vim_free(lp->ll_exp_name);
1231     vim_free(lp->ll_newkey);
1232 }
1233 
1234 /*
1235  * Set a variable that was parsed by get_lval() to "rettv".
1236  * "endp" points to just after the parsed name.
1237  * "op" is NULL, "+" for "+=", "-" for "-=", "*" for "*=", "/" for "/=",
1238  * "%" for "%=", "." for ".=" or "=" for "=".
1239  */
1240     void
1241 set_var_lval(
1242     lval_T	*lp,
1243     char_u	*endp,
1244     typval_T	*rettv,
1245     int		copy,
1246     int		flags,    // ASSIGN_CONST, ASSIGN_NO_DECL
1247     char_u	*op)
1248 {
1249     int		cc;
1250     listitem_T	*ri;
1251     dictitem_T	*di;
1252 
1253     if (lp->ll_tv == NULL)
1254     {
1255 	cc = *endp;
1256 	*endp = NUL;
1257 	if (lp->ll_blob != NULL)
1258 	{
1259 	    int	    error = FALSE, val;
1260 
1261 	    if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
1262 	    {
1263 		semsg(_(e_letwrong), op);
1264 		return;
1265 	    }
1266 	    if (value_check_lock(lp->ll_blob->bv_lock, lp->ll_name, FALSE))
1267 		return;
1268 
1269 	    if (lp->ll_range && rettv->v_type == VAR_BLOB)
1270 	    {
1271 		int	il, ir;
1272 
1273 		if (lp->ll_empty2)
1274 		    lp->ll_n2 = blob_len(lp->ll_blob) - 1;
1275 
1276 		if (lp->ll_n2 - lp->ll_n1 + 1 != blob_len(rettv->vval.v_blob))
1277 		{
1278 		    emsg(_("E972: Blob value does not have the right number of bytes"));
1279 		    return;
1280 		}
1281 		if (lp->ll_empty2)
1282 		    lp->ll_n2 = blob_len(lp->ll_blob);
1283 
1284 		ir = 0;
1285 		for (il = lp->ll_n1; il <= lp->ll_n2; il++)
1286 		    blob_set(lp->ll_blob, il,
1287 			    blob_get(rettv->vval.v_blob, ir++));
1288 	    }
1289 	    else
1290 	    {
1291 		val = (int)tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
1292 		if (!error)
1293 		{
1294 		    garray_T *gap = &lp->ll_blob->bv_ga;
1295 
1296 		    // Allow for appending a byte.  Setting a byte beyond
1297 		    // the end is an error otherwise.
1298 		    if (lp->ll_n1 < gap->ga_len
1299 			    || (lp->ll_n1 == gap->ga_len
1300 				&& ga_grow(&lp->ll_blob->bv_ga, 1) == OK))
1301 		    {
1302 			blob_set(lp->ll_blob, lp->ll_n1, val);
1303 			if (lp->ll_n1 == gap->ga_len)
1304 			    ++gap->ga_len;
1305 		    }
1306 		    // error for invalid range was already given in get_lval()
1307 		}
1308 	    }
1309 	}
1310 	else if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
1311 	{
1312 	    typval_T tv;
1313 
1314 	    if (flags & ASSIGN_CONST)
1315 	    {
1316 		emsg(_(e_cannot_mod));
1317 		*endp = cc;
1318 		return;
1319 	    }
1320 
1321 	    // handle +=, -=, *=, /=, %= and .=
1322 	    di = NULL;
1323 	    if (eval_variable(lp->ll_name, (int)STRLEN(lp->ll_name),
1324 					     &tv, &di, TRUE, FALSE) == OK)
1325 	    {
1326 		if ((di == NULL
1327 			 || (!var_check_ro(di->di_flags, lp->ll_name, FALSE)
1328 			   && !tv_check_lock(&di->di_tv, lp->ll_name, FALSE)))
1329 			&& tv_op(&tv, rettv, op) == OK)
1330 		    set_var(lp->ll_name, &tv, FALSE);
1331 		clear_tv(&tv);
1332 	    }
1333 	}
1334 	else
1335 	{
1336 	    if (lp->ll_type != NULL
1337 			   && check_typval_type(lp->ll_type, rettv, 0) == FAIL)
1338 		return;
1339 	    set_var_const(lp->ll_name, lp->ll_type, rettv, copy, flags);
1340 	}
1341 	*endp = cc;
1342     }
1343     else if (value_check_lock(lp->ll_newkey == NULL
1344 		? lp->ll_tv->v_lock
1345 		: lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict->dv_lock, lp->ll_name, FALSE))
1346 	;
1347     else if (lp->ll_range)
1348     {
1349 	listitem_T *ll_li = lp->ll_li;
1350 	int	    ll_n1 = lp->ll_n1;
1351 
1352 	if (flags & ASSIGN_CONST)
1353 	{
1354 	    emsg(_("E996: Cannot lock a range"));
1355 	    return;
1356 	}
1357 
1358 	/*
1359 	 * Check whether any of the list items is locked
1360 	 */
1361 	for (ri = rettv->vval.v_list->lv_first; ri != NULL && ll_li != NULL; )
1362 	{
1363 	    if (value_check_lock(ll_li->li_tv.v_lock, lp->ll_name, FALSE))
1364 		return;
1365 	    ri = ri->li_next;
1366 	    if (ri == NULL || (!lp->ll_empty2 && lp->ll_n2 == ll_n1))
1367 		break;
1368 	    ll_li = ll_li->li_next;
1369 	    ++ll_n1;
1370 	}
1371 
1372 	/*
1373 	 * Assign the List values to the list items.
1374 	 */
1375 	for (ri = rettv->vval.v_list->lv_first; ri != NULL; )
1376 	{
1377 	    if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
1378 		tv_op(&lp->ll_li->li_tv, &ri->li_tv, op);
1379 	    else
1380 	    {
1381 		clear_tv(&lp->ll_li->li_tv);
1382 		copy_tv(&ri->li_tv, &lp->ll_li->li_tv);
1383 	    }
1384 	    ri = ri->li_next;
1385 	    if (ri == NULL || (!lp->ll_empty2 && lp->ll_n2 == lp->ll_n1))
1386 		break;
1387 	    if (lp->ll_li->li_next == NULL)
1388 	    {
1389 		// Need to add an empty item.
1390 		if (list_append_number(lp->ll_list, 0) == FAIL)
1391 		{
1392 		    ri = NULL;
1393 		    break;
1394 		}
1395 	    }
1396 	    lp->ll_li = lp->ll_li->li_next;
1397 	    ++lp->ll_n1;
1398 	}
1399 	if (ri != NULL)
1400 	    emsg(_(e_list_value_has_more_items_than_targets));
1401 	else if (lp->ll_empty2
1402 		? (lp->ll_li != NULL && lp->ll_li->li_next != NULL)
1403 		: lp->ll_n1 != lp->ll_n2)
1404 	    emsg(_(e_list_value_does_not_have_enough_items));
1405     }
1406     else
1407     {
1408 	/*
1409 	 * Assign to a List or Dictionary item.
1410 	 */
1411 	if (flags & ASSIGN_CONST)
1412 	{
1413 	    emsg(_("E996: Cannot lock a list or dict"));
1414 	    return;
1415 	}
1416 
1417 	if (lp->ll_valtype != NULL
1418 			&& check_typval_type(lp->ll_valtype, rettv, 0) == FAIL)
1419 	    return;
1420 
1421 	if (lp->ll_newkey != NULL)
1422 	{
1423 	    if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
1424 	    {
1425 		semsg(_(e_letwrong), op);
1426 		return;
1427 	    }
1428 
1429 	    // Need to add an item to the Dictionary.
1430 	    di = dictitem_alloc(lp->ll_newkey);
1431 	    if (di == NULL)
1432 		return;
1433 	    if (dict_add(lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict, di) == FAIL)
1434 	    {
1435 		vim_free(di);
1436 		return;
1437 	    }
1438 	    lp->ll_tv = &di->di_tv;
1439 	}
1440 	else if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
1441 	{
1442 	    tv_op(lp->ll_tv, rettv, op);
1443 	    return;
1444 	}
1445 	else
1446 	    clear_tv(lp->ll_tv);
1447 
1448 	/*
1449 	 * Assign the value to the variable or list item.
1450 	 */
1451 	if (copy)
1452 	    copy_tv(rettv, lp->ll_tv);
1453 	else
1454 	{
1455 	    *lp->ll_tv = *rettv;
1456 	    lp->ll_tv->v_lock = 0;
1457 	    init_tv(rettv);
1458 	}
1459     }
1460 }
1461 
1462 /*
1463  * Handle "tv1 += tv2", "tv1 -= tv2", "tv1 *= tv2", "tv1 /= tv2", "tv1 %= tv2"
1464  * and "tv1 .= tv2"
1465  * Returns OK or FAIL.
1466  */
1467     static int
1468 tv_op(typval_T *tv1, typval_T *tv2, char_u *op)
1469 {
1470     varnumber_T	n;
1471     char_u	numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
1472     char_u	*s;
1473 
1474     // Can't do anything with a Funcref, Dict, v:true on the right.
1475     if (tv2->v_type != VAR_FUNC && tv2->v_type != VAR_DICT
1476 		      && tv2->v_type != VAR_BOOL && tv2->v_type != VAR_SPECIAL)
1477     {
1478 	switch (tv1->v_type)
1479 	{
1480 	    case VAR_UNKNOWN:
1481 	    case VAR_ANY:
1482 	    case VAR_VOID:
1483 	    case VAR_DICT:
1484 	    case VAR_FUNC:
1485 	    case VAR_PARTIAL:
1486 	    case VAR_BOOL:
1487 	    case VAR_SPECIAL:
1488 	    case VAR_JOB:
1489 	    case VAR_CHANNEL:
1490 		break;
1491 
1492 	    case VAR_BLOB:
1493 		if (*op != '+' || tv2->v_type != VAR_BLOB)
1494 		    break;
1495 		// BLOB += BLOB
1496 		if (tv1->vval.v_blob != NULL && tv2->vval.v_blob != NULL)
1497 		{
1498 		    blob_T  *b1 = tv1->vval.v_blob;
1499 		    blob_T  *b2 = tv2->vval.v_blob;
1500 		    int	i, len = blob_len(b2);
1501 		    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
1502 			ga_append(&b1->bv_ga, blob_get(b2, i));
1503 		}
1504 		return OK;
1505 
1506 	    case VAR_LIST:
1507 		if (*op != '+' || tv2->v_type != VAR_LIST)
1508 		    break;
1509 		// List += List
1510 		if (tv2->vval.v_list != NULL)
1511 		{
1512 		    if (tv1->vval.v_list == NULL)
1513 		    {
1514 			tv1->vval.v_list = tv2->vval.v_list;
1515 			++tv1->vval.v_list->lv_refcount;
1516 		    }
1517 		    else
1518 			list_extend(tv1->vval.v_list, tv2->vval.v_list, NULL);
1519 		}
1520 		return OK;
1521 
1522 	    case VAR_NUMBER:
1523 	    case VAR_STRING:
1524 		if (tv2->v_type == VAR_LIST)
1525 		    break;
1526 		if (vim_strchr((char_u *)"+-*/%", *op) != NULL)
1527 		{
1528 		    // nr += nr , nr -= nr , nr *=nr , nr /= nr , nr %= nr
1529 		    n = tv_get_number(tv1);
1530 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
1531 		    if (tv2->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
1532 		    {
1533 			float_T f = n;
1534 
1535 			if (*op == '%')
1536 			    break;
1537 			switch (*op)
1538 			{
1539 			    case '+': f += tv2->vval.v_float; break;
1540 			    case '-': f -= tv2->vval.v_float; break;
1541 			    case '*': f *= tv2->vval.v_float; break;
1542 			    case '/': f /= tv2->vval.v_float; break;
1543 			}
1544 			clear_tv(tv1);
1545 			tv1->v_type = VAR_FLOAT;
1546 			tv1->vval.v_float = f;
1547 		    }
1548 		    else
1549 #endif
1550 		    {
1551 			switch (*op)
1552 			{
1553 			    case '+': n += tv_get_number(tv2); break;
1554 			    case '-': n -= tv_get_number(tv2); break;
1555 			    case '*': n *= tv_get_number(tv2); break;
1556 			    case '/': n = num_divide(n, tv_get_number(tv2)); break;
1557 			    case '%': n = num_modulus(n, tv_get_number(tv2)); break;
1558 			}
1559 			clear_tv(tv1);
1560 			tv1->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
1561 			tv1->vval.v_number = n;
1562 		    }
1563 		}
1564 		else
1565 		{
1566 		    if (tv2->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
1567 			break;
1568 
1569 		    // str .= str
1570 		    s = tv_get_string(tv1);
1571 		    s = concat_str(s, tv_get_string_buf(tv2, numbuf));
1572 		    clear_tv(tv1);
1573 		    tv1->v_type = VAR_STRING;
1574 		    tv1->vval.v_string = s;
1575 		}
1576 		return OK;
1577 
1578 	    case VAR_FLOAT:
1579 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
1580 		{
1581 		    float_T f;
1582 
1583 		    if (*op == '%' || *op == '.'
1584 				   || (tv2->v_type != VAR_FLOAT
1585 				    && tv2->v_type != VAR_NUMBER
1586 				    && tv2->v_type != VAR_STRING))
1587 			break;
1588 		    if (tv2->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
1589 			f = tv2->vval.v_float;
1590 		    else
1591 			f = tv_get_number(tv2);
1592 		    switch (*op)
1593 		    {
1594 			case '+': tv1->vval.v_float += f; break;
1595 			case '-': tv1->vval.v_float -= f; break;
1596 			case '*': tv1->vval.v_float *= f; break;
1597 			case '/': tv1->vval.v_float /= f; break;
1598 		    }
1599 		}
1600 #endif
1601 		return OK;
1602 	}
1603     }
1604 
1605     semsg(_(e_letwrong), op);
1606     return FAIL;
1607 }
1608 
1609 /*
1610  * Evaluate the expression used in a ":for var in expr" command.
1611  * "arg" points to "var".
1612  * Set "*errp" to TRUE for an error, FALSE otherwise;
1613  * Return a pointer that holds the info.  Null when there is an error.
1614  */
1615     void *
1616 eval_for_line(
1617     char_u	*arg,
1618     int		*errp,
1619     exarg_T	*eap,
1620     evalarg_T	*evalarg)
1621 {
1622     forinfo_T	*fi;
1623     char_u	*expr;
1624     typval_T	tv;
1625     list_T	*l;
1626     int		skip = !(evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
1627 
1628     *errp = TRUE;	// default: there is an error
1629 
1630     fi = ALLOC_CLEAR_ONE(forinfo_T);
1631     if (fi == NULL)
1632 	return NULL;
1633 
1634     expr = skip_var_list(arg, TRUE, &fi->fi_varcount, &fi->fi_semicolon, FALSE);
1635     if (expr == NULL)
1636 	return fi;
1637 
1638     expr = skipwhite_and_linebreak(expr, evalarg);
1639     if (expr[0] != 'i' || expr[1] != 'n'
1640 				  || !(expr[2] == NUL || VIM_ISWHITE(expr[2])))
1641     {
1642 	emsg(_(e_missing_in));
1643 	return fi;
1644     }
1645 
1646     if (skip)
1647 	++emsg_skip;
1648     expr = skipwhite_and_linebreak(expr + 2, evalarg);
1649     if (eval0(expr, &tv, eap, evalarg) == OK)
1650     {
1651 	*errp = FALSE;
1652 	if (!skip)
1653 	{
1654 	    if (tv.v_type == VAR_LIST)
1655 	    {
1656 		l = tv.vval.v_list;
1657 		if (l == NULL)
1658 		{
1659 		    // a null list is like an empty list: do nothing
1660 		    clear_tv(&tv);
1661 		}
1662 		else
1663 		{
1664 		    // Need a real list here.
1665 		    CHECK_LIST_MATERIALIZE(l);
1666 
1667 		    // No need to increment the refcount, it's already set for
1668 		    // the list being used in "tv".
1669 		    fi->fi_list = l;
1670 		    list_add_watch(l, &fi->fi_lw);
1671 		    fi->fi_lw.lw_item = l->lv_first;
1672 		}
1673 	    }
1674 	    else if (tv.v_type == VAR_BLOB)
1675 	    {
1676 		fi->fi_bi = 0;
1677 		if (tv.vval.v_blob != NULL)
1678 		{
1679 		    typval_T btv;
1680 
1681 		    // Make a copy, so that the iteration still works when the
1682 		    // blob is changed.
1683 		    blob_copy(tv.vval.v_blob, &btv);
1684 		    fi->fi_blob = btv.vval.v_blob;
1685 		}
1686 		clear_tv(&tv);
1687 	    }
1688 	    else
1689 	    {
1690 		emsg(_(e_listreq));
1691 		clear_tv(&tv);
1692 	    }
1693 	}
1694     }
1695     if (skip)
1696 	--emsg_skip;
1697     fi->fi_break_count = evalarg->eval_break_count;
1698 
1699     return fi;
1700 }
1701 
1702 /*
1703  * Used when looping over a :for line, skip the "in expr" part.
1704  */
1705     void
1706 skip_for_lines(void *fi_void, evalarg_T *evalarg)
1707 {
1708     forinfo_T	*fi = (forinfo_T *)fi_void;
1709     int		i;
1710 
1711     for (i = 0; i < fi->fi_break_count; ++i)
1712 	eval_next_line(evalarg);
1713 }
1714 
1715 /*
1716  * Use the first item in a ":for" list.  Advance to the next.
1717  * Assign the values to the variable (list).  "arg" points to the first one.
1718  * Return TRUE when a valid item was found, FALSE when at end of list or
1719  * something wrong.
1720  */
1721     int
1722 next_for_item(void *fi_void, char_u *arg)
1723 {
1724     forinfo_T	*fi = (forinfo_T *)fi_void;
1725     int		result;
1726     int		flag = in_vim9script() ?  ASSIGN_NO_DECL : 0;
1727     listitem_T	*item;
1728 
1729     if (fi->fi_blob != NULL)
1730     {
1731 	typval_T	tv;
1732 
1733 	if (fi->fi_bi >= blob_len(fi->fi_blob))
1734 	    return FALSE;
1735 	tv.v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
1736 	tv.v_lock = VAR_FIXED;
1737 	tv.vval.v_number = blob_get(fi->fi_blob, fi->fi_bi);
1738 	++fi->fi_bi;
1739 	return ex_let_vars(arg, &tv, TRUE, fi->fi_semicolon,
1740 				       fi->fi_varcount, flag, NULL) == OK;
1741     }
1742 
1743     item = fi->fi_lw.lw_item;
1744     if (item == NULL)
1745 	result = FALSE;
1746     else
1747     {
1748 	fi->fi_lw.lw_item = item->li_next;
1749 	result = (ex_let_vars(arg, &item->li_tv, TRUE, fi->fi_semicolon,
1750 				      fi->fi_varcount, flag, NULL) == OK);
1751     }
1752     return result;
1753 }
1754 
1755 /*
1756  * Free the structure used to store info used by ":for".
1757  */
1758     void
1759 free_for_info(void *fi_void)
1760 {
1761     forinfo_T    *fi = (forinfo_T *)fi_void;
1762 
1763     if (fi != NULL && fi->fi_list != NULL)
1764     {
1765 	list_rem_watch(fi->fi_list, &fi->fi_lw);
1766 	list_unref(fi->fi_list);
1767     }
1768     if (fi != NULL && fi->fi_blob != NULL)
1769 	blob_unref(fi->fi_blob);
1770     vim_free(fi);
1771 }
1772 
1773     void
1774 set_context_for_expression(
1775     expand_T	*xp,
1776     char_u	*arg,
1777     cmdidx_T	cmdidx)
1778 {
1779     int		has_expr = cmdidx != CMD_let && cmdidx != CMD_var;
1780     int		c;
1781     char_u	*p;
1782 
1783     if (cmdidx == CMD_let || cmdidx == CMD_var
1784 				 || cmdidx == CMD_const || cmdidx == CMD_final)
1785     {
1786 	xp->xp_context = EXPAND_USER_VARS;
1787 	if (vim_strpbrk(arg, (char_u *)"\"'+-*/%.=!?~|&$([<>,#") == NULL)
1788 	{
1789 	    // ":let var1 var2 ...": find last space.
1790 	    for (p = arg + STRLEN(arg); p >= arg; )
1791 	    {
1792 		xp->xp_pattern = p;
1793 		MB_PTR_BACK(arg, p);
1794 		if (VIM_ISWHITE(*p))
1795 		    break;
1796 	    }
1797 	    return;
1798 	}
1799     }
1800     else
1801 	xp->xp_context = cmdidx == CMD_call ? EXPAND_FUNCTIONS
1802 							  : EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
1803     while ((xp->xp_pattern = vim_strpbrk(arg,
1804 				  (char_u *)"\"'+-*/%.=!?~|&$([<>,#")) != NULL)
1805     {
1806 	c = *xp->xp_pattern;
1807 	if (c == '&')
1808 	{
1809 	    c = xp->xp_pattern[1];
1810 	    if (c == '&')
1811 	    {
1812 		++xp->xp_pattern;
1813 		xp->xp_context = has_expr ? EXPAND_EXPRESSION : EXPAND_NOTHING;
1814 	    }
1815 	    else if (c != ' ')
1816 	    {
1817 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_SETTINGS;
1818 		if ((c == 'l' || c == 'g') && xp->xp_pattern[2] == ':')
1819 		    xp->xp_pattern += 2;
1820 
1821 	    }
1822 	}
1823 	else if (c == '$')
1824 	{
1825 	    // environment variable
1826 	    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_ENV_VARS;
1827 	}
1828 	else if (c == '=')
1829 	{
1830 	    has_expr = TRUE;
1831 	    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
1832 	}
1833 	else if (c == '#'
1834 		&& xp->xp_context == EXPAND_EXPRESSION)
1835 	{
1836 	    // Autoload function/variable contains '#'.
1837 	    break;
1838 	}
1839 	else if ((c == '<' || c == '#')
1840 		&& xp->xp_context == EXPAND_FUNCTIONS
1841 		&& vim_strchr(xp->xp_pattern, '(') == NULL)
1842 	{
1843 	    // Function name can start with "<SNR>" and contain '#'.
1844 	    break;
1845 	}
1846 	else if (has_expr)
1847 	{
1848 	    if (c == '"')	    // string
1849 	    {
1850 		while ((c = *++xp->xp_pattern) != NUL && c != '"')
1851 		    if (c == '\\' && xp->xp_pattern[1] != NUL)
1852 			++xp->xp_pattern;
1853 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
1854 	    }
1855 	    else if (c == '\'')	    // literal string
1856 	    {
1857 		// Trick: '' is like stopping and starting a literal string.
1858 		while ((c = *++xp->xp_pattern) != NUL && c != '\'')
1859 		    /* skip */ ;
1860 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
1861 	    }
1862 	    else if (c == '|')
1863 	    {
1864 		if (xp->xp_pattern[1] == '|')
1865 		{
1866 		    ++xp->xp_pattern;
1867 		    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
1868 		}
1869 		else
1870 		    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_COMMANDS;
1871 	    }
1872 	    else
1873 		xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
1874 	}
1875 	else
1876 	    // Doesn't look like something valid, expand as an expression
1877 	    // anyway.
1878 	    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
1879 	arg = xp->xp_pattern;
1880 	if (*arg != NUL)
1881 	    while ((c = *++arg) != NUL && (c == ' ' || c == '\t'))
1882 		/* skip */ ;
1883     }
1884     xp->xp_pattern = arg;
1885 }
1886 
1887 /*
1888  * Return TRUE if "pat" matches "text".
1889  * Does not use 'cpo' and always uses 'magic'.
1890  */
1891     int
1892 pattern_match(char_u *pat, char_u *text, int ic)
1893 {
1894     int		matches = FALSE;
1895     char_u	*save_cpo;
1896     regmatch_T	regmatch;
1897 
1898     // avoid 'l' flag in 'cpoptions'
1899     save_cpo = p_cpo;
1900     p_cpo = (char_u *)"";
1901     regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(pat, RE_MAGIC + RE_STRING);
1902     if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
1903     {
1904 	regmatch.rm_ic = ic;
1905 	matches = vim_regexec_nl(&regmatch, text, (colnr_T)0);
1906 	vim_regfree(regmatch.regprog);
1907     }
1908     p_cpo = save_cpo;
1909     return matches;
1910 }
1911 
1912 /*
1913  * Handle a name followed by "(".  Both for just "name(arg)" and for
1914  * "expr->name(arg)".
1915  * Returns OK or FAIL.
1916  */
1917     static int
1918 eval_func(
1919 	char_u	    **arg,	// points to "(", will be advanced
1920 	evalarg_T   *evalarg,
1921 	char_u	    *name,
1922 	int	    name_len,
1923 	typval_T    *rettv,
1924 	int	    flags,
1925 	typval_T    *basetv)	// "expr" for "expr->name(arg)"
1926 {
1927     int		evaluate = flags & EVAL_EVALUATE;
1928     char_u	*s = name;
1929     int		len = name_len;
1930     partial_T	*partial;
1931     int		ret = OK;
1932 
1933     if (!evaluate)
1934 	check_vars(s, len);
1935 
1936     // If "s" is the name of a variable of type VAR_FUNC
1937     // use its contents.
1938     s = deref_func_name(s, &len, &partial, !evaluate);
1939 
1940     // Need to make a copy, in case evaluating the arguments makes
1941     // the name invalid.
1942     s = vim_strsave(s);
1943     if (s == NULL || (flags & EVAL_CONSTANT))
1944 	ret = FAIL;
1945     else
1946     {
1947 	funcexe_T funcexe;
1948 
1949 	// Invoke the function.
1950 	CLEAR_FIELD(funcexe);
1951 	funcexe.firstline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
1952 	funcexe.lastline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
1953 	funcexe.evaluate = evaluate;
1954 	funcexe.partial = partial;
1955 	funcexe.basetv = basetv;
1956 	ret = get_func_tv(s, len, rettv, arg, evalarg, &funcexe);
1957     }
1958     vim_free(s);
1959 
1960     // If evaluate is FALSE rettv->v_type was not set in
1961     // get_func_tv, but it's needed in handle_subscript() to parse
1962     // what follows. So set it here.
1963     if (rettv->v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN && !evaluate && **arg == '(')
1964     {
1965 	rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
1966 	rettv->v_type = VAR_FUNC;
1967     }
1968 
1969     // Stop the expression evaluation when immediately
1970     // aborting on error, or when an interrupt occurred or
1971     // an exception was thrown but not caught.
1972     if (evaluate && aborting())
1973     {
1974 	if (ret == OK)
1975 	    clear_tv(rettv);
1976 	ret = FAIL;
1977     }
1978     return ret;
1979 }
1980 
1981 /*
1982  * Get the next line source line without advancing.  But do skip over comment
1983  * lines.
1984  */
1985     static char_u *
1986 getline_peek_skip_comments(evalarg_T *evalarg)
1987 {
1988     for (;;)
1989     {
1990 	char_u *next = getline_peek(evalarg->eval_getline,
1991 							 evalarg->eval_cookie);
1992 	char_u *p;
1993 
1994 	if (next == NULL)
1995 	    break;
1996 	p = skipwhite(next);
1997 	if (*p != NUL && !vim9_comment_start(p))
1998 	    return next;
1999 	(void)eval_next_line(evalarg);
2000     }
2001     return NULL;
2002 }
2003 
2004 /*
2005  * If inside Vim9 script, "arg" points to the end of a line (ignoring a #
2006  * comment) and there is a next line, return the next line (skipping blanks)
2007  * and set "getnext".
2008  * Otherwise just return "arg" unmodified and set "getnext" to FALSE.
2009  * "arg" must point somewhere inside a line, not at the start.
2010  */
2011     char_u *
2012 eval_next_non_blank(char_u *arg, evalarg_T *evalarg, int *getnext)
2013 {
2014     char_u *p = skipwhite(arg);
2015 
2016     *getnext = FALSE;
2017     if (in_vim9script()
2018 	    && evalarg != NULL
2019 	    && (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL || evalarg->eval_cctx != NULL)
2020 	    && (*p == NUL || (VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1]) && vim9_comment_start(p))))
2021     {
2022 	char_u *next;
2023 
2024 	if (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL)
2025 	    next = getline_peek_skip_comments(evalarg);
2026 	else
2027 	    next = peek_next_line_from_context(evalarg->eval_cctx);
2028 
2029 	if (next != NULL)
2030 	{
2031 	    *getnext = TRUE;
2032 	    return skipwhite(next);
2033 	}
2034     }
2035     return p;
2036 }
2037 
2038 /*
2039  * To be called after eval_next_non_blank() sets "getnext" to TRUE.
2040  */
2041     char_u *
2042 eval_next_line(evalarg_T *evalarg)
2043 {
2044     garray_T	*gap = &evalarg->eval_ga;
2045     char_u	*line;
2046 
2047     if (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL)
2048 	line = evalarg->eval_getline(0, evalarg->eval_cookie, 0,
2049 							   GETLINE_CONCAT_ALL);
2050     else
2051 	line = next_line_from_context(evalarg->eval_cctx, TRUE);
2052     ++evalarg->eval_break_count;
2053     if (gap->ga_itemsize > 0 && ga_grow(gap, 1) == OK)
2054     {
2055 	// Going to concatenate the lines after parsing.
2056 	((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len] = line;
2057 	++gap->ga_len;
2058     }
2059     else if (evalarg->eval_cookie != NULL)
2060     {
2061 	vim_free(evalarg->eval_tofree);
2062 	evalarg->eval_tofree = line;
2063     }
2064     return skipwhite(line);
2065 }
2066 
2067 /*
2068  * Call eval_next_non_blank() and get the next line if needed.
2069  */
2070     char_u *
2071 skipwhite_and_linebreak(char_u *arg, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2072 {
2073     int	    getnext;
2074     char_u  *p = skipwhite(arg);
2075 
2076     if (evalarg == NULL)
2077 	return skipwhite(arg);
2078     eval_next_non_blank(p, evalarg, &getnext);
2079     if (getnext)
2080 	return eval_next_line(evalarg);
2081     return p;
2082 }
2083 
2084 /*
2085  * After using "evalarg" filled from "eap": free the memory.
2086  */
2087     void
2088 clear_evalarg(evalarg_T *evalarg, exarg_T *eap)
2089 {
2090     if (evalarg != NULL)
2091     {
2092 	if (evalarg->eval_tofree != NULL)
2093 	{
2094 	    if (eap != NULL)
2095 	    {
2096 		// We may need to keep the original command line, e.g. for
2097 		// ":let" it has the variable names.  But we may also need the
2098 		// new one, "nextcmd" points into it.  Keep both.
2099 		vim_free(eap->cmdline_tofree);
2100 		eap->cmdline_tofree = *eap->cmdlinep;
2101 		*eap->cmdlinep = evalarg->eval_tofree;
2102 	    }
2103 	    else
2104 		vim_free(evalarg->eval_tofree);
2105 	    evalarg->eval_tofree = NULL;
2106 	}
2107 
2108 	vim_free(evalarg->eval_tofree_lambda);
2109 	evalarg->eval_tofree_lambda = NULL;
2110     }
2111 }
2112 
2113 /*
2114  * The "evaluate" argument: When FALSE, the argument is only parsed but not
2115  * executed.  The function may return OK, but the rettv will be of type
2116  * VAR_UNKNOWN.  The function still returns FAIL for a syntax error.
2117  */
2118 
2119 /*
2120  * Handle zero level expression.
2121  * This calls eval1() and handles error message and nextcmd.
2122  * Put the result in "rettv" when returning OK and "evaluate" is TRUE.
2123  * Note: "rettv.v_lock" is not set.
2124  * "evalarg" can be NULL, EVALARG_EVALUATE or a pointer.
2125  * Return OK or FAIL.
2126  */
2127     int
2128 eval0(
2129     char_u	*arg,
2130     typval_T	*rettv,
2131     exarg_T	*eap,
2132     evalarg_T	*evalarg)
2133 {
2134     int		ret;
2135     char_u	*p;
2136     int		did_emsg_before = did_emsg;
2137     int		called_emsg_before = called_emsg;
2138     int		flags = evalarg == NULL ? 0 : evalarg->eval_flags;
2139 
2140     p = skipwhite(arg);
2141     ret = eval1(&p, rettv, evalarg);
2142     p = skipwhite(p);
2143 
2144     if (ret == FAIL || !ends_excmd2(arg, p))
2145     {
2146 	if (ret != FAIL)
2147 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2148 	/*
2149 	 * Report the invalid expression unless the expression evaluation has
2150 	 * been cancelled due to an aborting error, an interrupt, or an
2151 	 * exception, or we already gave a more specific error.
2152 	 * Also check called_emsg for when using assert_fails().
2153 	 */
2154 	if (!aborting()
2155 		&& did_emsg == did_emsg_before
2156 		&& called_emsg == called_emsg_before
2157 		&& (flags & EVAL_CONSTANT) == 0)
2158 	    semsg(_(e_invexpr2), arg);
2159 	ret = FAIL;
2160     }
2161 
2162     if (eap != NULL)
2163 	eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(p);
2164 
2165     return ret;
2166 }
2167 
2168 /*
2169  * Handle top level expression:
2170  *	expr2 ? expr1 : expr1
2171  *	expr2 ?? expr1
2172  *
2173  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2174  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2175  *
2176  * Note: "rettv.v_lock" is not set.
2177  *
2178  * Return OK or FAIL.
2179  */
2180     int
2181 eval1(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2182 {
2183     char_u  *p;
2184     int	    getnext;
2185 
2186     CLEAR_POINTER(rettv);
2187 
2188     /*
2189      * Get the first variable.
2190      */
2191     if (eval2(arg, rettv, evalarg) == FAIL)
2192 	return FAIL;
2193 
2194     p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
2195     if (*p == '?')
2196     {
2197 	int		op_falsy = p[1] == '?';
2198 	int		result;
2199 	typval_T	var2;
2200 	evalarg_T	*evalarg_used = evalarg;
2201 	evalarg_T	local_evalarg;
2202 	int		orig_flags;
2203 	int		evaluate;
2204 	int		vim9script = in_vim9script();
2205 
2206 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2207 	{
2208 	    CLEAR_FIELD(local_evalarg);
2209 	    evalarg_used = &local_evalarg;
2210 	}
2211 	orig_flags = evalarg_used->eval_flags;
2212 	evaluate = evalarg_used->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE;
2213 
2214 	if (getnext)
2215 	    *arg = eval_next_line(evalarg_used);
2216 	else
2217 	{
2218 	    if (evaluate && vim9script && !VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1]))
2219 	    {
2220 		error_white_both(p, 1);
2221 		clear_tv(rettv);
2222 		return FAIL;
2223 	    }
2224 	    *arg = p;
2225 	}
2226 
2227 	result = FALSE;
2228 	if (evaluate)
2229 	{
2230 	    int		error = FALSE;
2231 
2232 	    if (op_falsy)
2233 		result = tv2bool(rettv);
2234 	    else if (vim9script)
2235 		result = tv_get_bool_chk(rettv, &error);
2236 	    else if (tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error) != 0)
2237 		result = TRUE;
2238 	    if (error || !op_falsy || !result)
2239 		clear_tv(rettv);
2240 	    if (error)
2241 		return FAIL;
2242 	}
2243 
2244 	/*
2245 	 * Get the second variable.  Recursive!
2246 	 */
2247 	if (op_falsy)
2248 	    ++*arg;
2249 	if (evaluate && vim9script && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[1]))
2250 	{
2251 	    error_white_both(p, 1);
2252 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2253 	    return FAIL;
2254 	}
2255 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg_used);
2256 	evalarg_used->eval_flags = (op_falsy ? !result : result)
2257 				    ? orig_flags : orig_flags & ~EVAL_EVALUATE;
2258 	if (eval1(arg, &var2, evalarg_used) == FAIL)
2259 	{
2260 	    evalarg_used->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2261 	    return FAIL;
2262 	}
2263 	if (!op_falsy || !result)
2264 	    *rettv = var2;
2265 
2266 	if (!op_falsy)
2267 	{
2268 	    /*
2269 	     * Check for the ":".
2270 	     */
2271 	    p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg_used, &getnext);
2272 	    if (*p != ':')
2273 	    {
2274 		emsg(_(e_missing_colon));
2275 		if (evaluate && result)
2276 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2277 		evalarg_used->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2278 		return FAIL;
2279 	    }
2280 	    if (getnext)
2281 		*arg = eval_next_line(evalarg_used);
2282 	    else
2283 	    {
2284 		if (evaluate && vim9script && !VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1]))
2285 		{
2286 		    error_white_both(p, 1);
2287 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2288 		    evalarg_used->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2289 		    return FAIL;
2290 		}
2291 		*arg = p;
2292 	    }
2293 
2294 	    /*
2295 	     * Get the third variable.  Recursive!
2296 	     */
2297 	    if (evaluate && vim9script && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[1]))
2298 	    {
2299 		error_white_both(p, 1);
2300 		clear_tv(rettv);
2301 		evalarg_used->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2302 		return FAIL;
2303 	    }
2304 	    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg_used);
2305 	    evalarg_used->eval_flags = !result ? orig_flags
2306 						 : orig_flags & ~EVAL_EVALUATE;
2307 	    if (eval1(arg, &var2, evalarg_used) == FAIL)
2308 	    {
2309 		if (evaluate && result)
2310 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2311 		evalarg_used->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2312 		return FAIL;
2313 	    }
2314 	    if (evaluate && !result)
2315 		*rettv = var2;
2316 	}
2317 
2318 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2319 	    clear_evalarg(&local_evalarg, NULL);
2320 	else
2321 	    evalarg->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2322     }
2323 
2324     return OK;
2325 }
2326 
2327 /*
2328  * Handle first level expression:
2329  *	expr2 || expr2 || expr2	    logical OR
2330  *
2331  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2332  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2333  *
2334  * Return OK or FAIL.
2335  */
2336     static int
2337 eval2(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2338 {
2339     char_u	*p;
2340     int		getnext;
2341 
2342     /*
2343      * Get the first variable.
2344      */
2345     if (eval3(arg, rettv, evalarg) == FAIL)
2346 	return FAIL;
2347 
2348     /*
2349      * Handle the  "||" operator.
2350      */
2351     p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
2352     if (p[0] == '|' && p[1] == '|')
2353     {
2354 	evalarg_T   *evalarg_used = evalarg;
2355 	evalarg_T   local_evalarg;
2356 	int	    evaluate;
2357 	int	    orig_flags;
2358 	long	    result = FALSE;
2359 	typval_T    var2;
2360 	int	    error = FALSE;
2361 	int	    vim9script = in_vim9script();
2362 
2363 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2364 	{
2365 	    CLEAR_FIELD(local_evalarg);
2366 	    evalarg_used = &local_evalarg;
2367 	}
2368 	orig_flags = evalarg_used->eval_flags;
2369 	evaluate = orig_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE;
2370 	if (evaluate)
2371 	{
2372 	    if (vim9script)
2373 		result = tv_get_bool_chk(rettv, &error);
2374 	    else if (tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error) != 0)
2375 		result = TRUE;
2376 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2377 	    if (error)
2378 		return FAIL;
2379 	}
2380 
2381 	/*
2382 	 * Repeat until there is no following "||".
2383 	 */
2384 	while (p[0] == '|' && p[1] == '|')
2385 	{
2386 	    if (getnext)
2387 		*arg = eval_next_line(evalarg_used);
2388 	    else
2389 	    {
2390 		if (evaluate && in_vim9script() && !VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1]))
2391 		{
2392 		    error_white_both(p, 2);
2393 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2394 		    return FAIL;
2395 		}
2396 		*arg = p;
2397 	    }
2398 
2399 	    /*
2400 	     * Get the second variable.
2401 	     */
2402 	    if (evaluate && in_vim9script() && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[2]))
2403 	    {
2404 		error_white_both(p, 2);
2405 		clear_tv(rettv);
2406 		return FAIL;
2407 	    }
2408 	    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 2, evalarg_used);
2409 	    evalarg_used->eval_flags = !result ? orig_flags
2410 						 : orig_flags & ~EVAL_EVALUATE;
2411 	    if (eval3(arg, &var2, evalarg_used) == FAIL)
2412 		return FAIL;
2413 
2414 	    /*
2415 	     * Compute the result.
2416 	     */
2417 	    if (evaluate && !result)
2418 	    {
2419 		if (vim9script)
2420 		    result = tv_get_bool_chk(&var2, &error);
2421 		else if (tv_get_number_chk(&var2, &error) != 0)
2422 		    result = TRUE;
2423 		clear_tv(&var2);
2424 		if (error)
2425 		    return FAIL;
2426 	    }
2427 	    if (evaluate)
2428 	    {
2429 		if (vim9script)
2430 		{
2431 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
2432 		    rettv->vval.v_number = result ? VVAL_TRUE : VVAL_FALSE;
2433 		}
2434 		else
2435 		{
2436 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
2437 		    rettv->vval.v_number = result;
2438 		}
2439 	    }
2440 
2441 	    p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg_used, &getnext);
2442 	}
2443 
2444 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2445 	    clear_evalarg(&local_evalarg, NULL);
2446 	else
2447 	    evalarg->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2448     }
2449 
2450     return OK;
2451 }
2452 
2453 /*
2454  * Handle second level expression:
2455  *	expr3 && expr3 && expr3	    logical AND
2456  *
2457  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2458  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2459  *
2460  * Return OK or FAIL.
2461  */
2462     static int
2463 eval3(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2464 {
2465     char_u	*p;
2466     int		getnext;
2467 
2468     /*
2469      * Get the first variable.
2470      */
2471     if (eval4(arg, rettv, evalarg) == FAIL)
2472 	return FAIL;
2473 
2474     /*
2475      * Handle the "&&" operator.
2476      */
2477     p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
2478     if (p[0] == '&' && p[1] == '&')
2479     {
2480 	evalarg_T   *evalarg_used = evalarg;
2481 	evalarg_T   local_evalarg;
2482 	int	    orig_flags;
2483 	int	    evaluate;
2484 	long	    result = TRUE;
2485 	typval_T    var2;
2486 	int	    error = FALSE;
2487 	int	    vim9script = in_vim9script();
2488 
2489 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2490 	{
2491 	    CLEAR_FIELD(local_evalarg);
2492 	    evalarg_used = &local_evalarg;
2493 	}
2494 	orig_flags = evalarg_used->eval_flags;
2495 	evaluate = orig_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE;
2496 	if (evaluate)
2497 	{
2498 	    if (vim9script)
2499 		result = tv_get_bool_chk(rettv, &error);
2500 	    else if (tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error) == 0)
2501 		result = FALSE;
2502 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2503 	    if (error)
2504 		return FAIL;
2505 	}
2506 
2507 	/*
2508 	 * Repeat until there is no following "&&".
2509 	 */
2510 	while (p[0] == '&' && p[1] == '&')
2511 	{
2512 	    if (getnext)
2513 		*arg = eval_next_line(evalarg_used);
2514 	    else
2515 	    {
2516 		if (evaluate && vim9script && !VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1]))
2517 		{
2518 		    error_white_both(p, 2);
2519 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2520 		    return FAIL;
2521 		}
2522 		*arg = p;
2523 	    }
2524 
2525 	    /*
2526 	     * Get the second variable.
2527 	     */
2528 	    if (evaluate && in_vim9script() && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[2]))
2529 	    {
2530 		error_white_both(p, 2);
2531 		clear_tv(rettv);
2532 		return FAIL;
2533 	    }
2534 	    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 2, evalarg_used);
2535 	    evalarg_used->eval_flags = result ? orig_flags
2536 						 : orig_flags & ~EVAL_EVALUATE;
2537 	    CLEAR_FIELD(var2);
2538 	    if (eval4(arg, &var2, evalarg_used) == FAIL)
2539 		return FAIL;
2540 
2541 	    /*
2542 	     * Compute the result.
2543 	     */
2544 	    if (evaluate && result)
2545 	    {
2546 		if (vim9script)
2547 		    result = tv_get_bool_chk(&var2, &error);
2548 		else if (tv_get_number_chk(&var2, &error) == 0)
2549 		    result = FALSE;
2550 		clear_tv(&var2);
2551 		if (error)
2552 		    return FAIL;
2553 	    }
2554 	    if (evaluate)
2555 	    {
2556 		if (vim9script)
2557 		{
2558 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
2559 		    rettv->vval.v_number = result ? VVAL_TRUE : VVAL_FALSE;
2560 		}
2561 		else
2562 		{
2563 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
2564 		    rettv->vval.v_number = result;
2565 		}
2566 	    }
2567 
2568 	    p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg_used, &getnext);
2569 	}
2570 
2571 	if (evalarg == NULL)
2572 	    clear_evalarg(&local_evalarg, NULL);
2573 	else
2574 	    evalarg->eval_flags = orig_flags;
2575     }
2576 
2577     return OK;
2578 }
2579 
2580 /*
2581  * Handle third level expression:
2582  *	var1 == var2
2583  *	var1 =~ var2
2584  *	var1 != var2
2585  *	var1 !~ var2
2586  *	var1 > var2
2587  *	var1 >= var2
2588  *	var1 < var2
2589  *	var1 <= var2
2590  *	var1 is var2
2591  *	var1 isnot var2
2592  *
2593  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2594  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2595  *
2596  * Return OK or FAIL.
2597  */
2598     static int
2599 eval4(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2600 {
2601     char_u	*p;
2602     int		getnext;
2603     exptype_T	type = EXPR_UNKNOWN;
2604     int		len = 2;
2605     int		type_is = FALSE;
2606 
2607     /*
2608      * Get the first variable.
2609      */
2610     if (eval5(arg, rettv, evalarg) == FAIL)
2611 	return FAIL;
2612 
2613     p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
2614     type = get_compare_type(p, &len, &type_is);
2615 
2616     /*
2617      * If there is a comparative operator, use it.
2618      */
2619     if (type != EXPR_UNKNOWN)
2620     {
2621 	typval_T    var2;
2622 	int	    ic;
2623 	int	    vim9script = in_vim9script();
2624 	int	    evaluate = evalarg == NULL
2625 				   ? 0 : (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
2626 
2627 	if (getnext)
2628 	    *arg = eval_next_line(evalarg);
2629 	else if (evaluate && vim9script && !VIM_ISWHITE(**arg))
2630 	{
2631 	    error_white_both(p, len);
2632 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2633 	    return FAIL;
2634 	}
2635 
2636 	if (vim9script && type_is && (p[len] == '?' || p[len] == '#'))
2637 	{
2638 	    semsg(_(e_invexpr2), p);
2639 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2640 	    return FAIL;
2641 	}
2642 
2643 	// extra question mark appended: ignore case
2644 	if (p[len] == '?')
2645 	{
2646 	    ic = TRUE;
2647 	    ++len;
2648 	}
2649 	// extra '#' appended: match case
2650 	else if (p[len] == '#')
2651 	{
2652 	    ic = FALSE;
2653 	    ++len;
2654 	}
2655 	// nothing appended: use 'ignorecase' if not in Vim script
2656 	else
2657 	    ic = vim9script ? FALSE : p_ic;
2658 
2659 	/*
2660 	 * Get the second variable.
2661 	 */
2662 	if (evaluate && vim9script && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[len]))
2663 	{
2664 	    error_white_both(p, 1);
2665 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2666 	    return FAIL;
2667 	}
2668 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(p + len, evalarg);
2669 	if (eval5(arg, &var2, evalarg) == FAIL)
2670 	{
2671 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2672 	    return FAIL;
2673 	}
2674 	if (evaluate)
2675 	{
2676 	    int ret;
2677 
2678 	    if (vim9script && check_compare_types(type, rettv, &var2) == FAIL)
2679 	    {
2680 		ret = FAIL;
2681 		clear_tv(rettv);
2682 	    }
2683 	    else
2684 		ret = typval_compare(rettv, &var2, type, ic);
2685 	    clear_tv(&var2);
2686 	    return ret;
2687 	}
2688     }
2689 
2690     return OK;
2691 }
2692 
2693 /*
2694  * Make a copy of blob "tv1" and append blob "tv2".
2695  */
2696     void
2697 eval_addblob(typval_T *tv1, typval_T *tv2)
2698 {
2699     blob_T  *b1 = tv1->vval.v_blob;
2700     blob_T  *b2 = tv2->vval.v_blob;
2701     blob_T  *b = blob_alloc();
2702     int	    i;
2703 
2704     if (b != NULL)
2705     {
2706 	for (i = 0; i < blob_len(b1); i++)
2707 	    ga_append(&b->bv_ga, blob_get(b1, i));
2708 	for (i = 0; i < blob_len(b2); i++)
2709 	    ga_append(&b->bv_ga, blob_get(b2, i));
2710 
2711 	clear_tv(tv1);
2712 	rettv_blob_set(tv1, b);
2713     }
2714 }
2715 
2716 /*
2717  * Make a copy of list "tv1" and append list "tv2".
2718  */
2719     int
2720 eval_addlist(typval_T *tv1, typval_T *tv2)
2721 {
2722     typval_T var3;
2723 
2724     // concatenate Lists
2725     if (list_concat(tv1->vval.v_list, tv2->vval.v_list, &var3) == FAIL)
2726     {
2727 	clear_tv(tv1);
2728 	clear_tv(tv2);
2729 	return FAIL;
2730     }
2731     clear_tv(tv1);
2732     *tv1 = var3;
2733     return OK;
2734 }
2735 
2736 /*
2737  * Handle fourth level expression:
2738  *	+	number addition
2739  *	-	number subtraction
2740  *	.	string concatenation (if script version is 1)
2741  *	..	string concatenation
2742  *
2743  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2744  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2745  *
2746  * Return OK or FAIL.
2747  */
2748     static int
2749 eval5(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, evalarg_T *evalarg)
2750 {
2751     /*
2752      * Get the first variable.
2753      */
2754     if (eval6(arg, rettv, evalarg, FALSE) == FAIL)
2755 	return FAIL;
2756 
2757     /*
2758      * Repeat computing, until no '+', '-' or '.' is following.
2759      */
2760     for (;;)
2761     {
2762 	int	    evaluate;
2763 	int	    getnext;
2764 	char_u	    *p;
2765 	int	    op;
2766 	int	    oplen;
2767 	int	    concat;
2768 	typval_T    var2;
2769 	int	    vim9script = in_vim9script();
2770 
2771 	// "." is only string concatenation when scriptversion is 1
2772 	p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
2773 	op = *p;
2774 	concat = op == '.' && (*(p + 1) == '.' || current_sctx.sc_version < 2);
2775 	if (op != '+' && op != '-' && !concat)
2776 	    break;
2777 
2778 	evaluate = evalarg == NULL ? 0 : (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
2779 	oplen = (concat && p[1] == '.') ? 2 : 1;
2780 	if (getnext)
2781 	    *arg = eval_next_line(evalarg);
2782 	else
2783 	{
2784 	    if (evaluate && vim9script && !VIM_ISWHITE(**arg))
2785 	    {
2786 		error_white_both(p, oplen);
2787 		clear_tv(rettv);
2788 		return FAIL;
2789 	    }
2790 	    *arg = p;
2791 	}
2792 	if ((op != '+' || (rettv->v_type != VAR_LIST
2793 						 && rettv->v_type != VAR_BLOB))
2794 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2795 		&& (op == '.' || rettv->v_type != VAR_FLOAT)
2796 #endif
2797 		&& evaluate)
2798 	{
2799 	    int		error = FALSE;
2800 
2801 	    // For "list + ...", an illegal use of the first operand as
2802 	    // a number cannot be determined before evaluating the 2nd
2803 	    // operand: if this is also a list, all is ok.
2804 	    // For "something . ...", "something - ..." or "non-list + ...",
2805 	    // we know that the first operand needs to be a string or number
2806 	    // without evaluating the 2nd operand.  So check before to avoid
2807 	    // side effects after an error.
2808 	    if (op != '.')
2809 		tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
2810 	    if ((op == '.' && tv_get_string_chk(rettv) == NULL) || error)
2811 	    {
2812 		clear_tv(rettv);
2813 		return FAIL;
2814 	    }
2815 	}
2816 
2817 	/*
2818 	 * Get the second variable.
2819 	 */
2820 	if (evaluate && vim9script && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[oplen]))
2821 	{
2822 	    error_white_both(p, oplen);
2823 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2824 	    return FAIL;
2825 	}
2826 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + oplen, evalarg);
2827 	if (eval6(arg, &var2, evalarg, !vim9script && op == '.') == FAIL)
2828 	{
2829 	    clear_tv(rettv);
2830 	    return FAIL;
2831 	}
2832 
2833 	if (evaluate)
2834 	{
2835 	    /*
2836 	     * Compute the result.
2837 	     */
2838 	    if (op == '.')
2839 	    {
2840 		char_u	buf1[NUMBUFLEN], buf2[NUMBUFLEN];
2841 		char_u	*s1 = tv_get_string_buf(rettv, buf1);
2842 		char_u	*s2 = NULL;
2843 
2844 		if (vim9script && (var2.v_type == VAR_VOID
2845 			|| var2.v_type == VAR_CHANNEL
2846 			|| var2.v_type == VAR_JOB))
2847 		    emsg(_(e_inval_string));
2848 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2849 		else if (vim9script && var2.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
2850 		{
2851 		    vim_snprintf((char *)buf2, NUMBUFLEN, "%g",
2852 							    var2.vval.v_float);
2853 		    s2 = buf2;
2854 		}
2855 #endif
2856 		else
2857 		    s2 = tv_get_string_buf_chk(&var2, buf2);
2858 		if (s2 == NULL)		// type error ?
2859 		{
2860 		    clear_tv(rettv);
2861 		    clear_tv(&var2);
2862 		    return FAIL;
2863 		}
2864 		p = concat_str(s1, s2);
2865 		clear_tv(rettv);
2866 		rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
2867 		rettv->vval.v_string = p;
2868 	    }
2869 	    else if (op == '+' && rettv->v_type == VAR_BLOB
2870 						   && var2.v_type == VAR_BLOB)
2871 		eval_addblob(rettv, &var2);
2872 	    else if (op == '+' && rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST
2873 						   && var2.v_type == VAR_LIST)
2874 	    {
2875 		if (eval_addlist(rettv, &var2) == FAIL)
2876 		    return FAIL;
2877 	    }
2878 	    else
2879 	    {
2880 		int		error = FALSE;
2881 		varnumber_T	n1, n2;
2882 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2883 		float_T	    f1 = 0, f2 = 0;
2884 
2885 		if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
2886 		{
2887 		    f1 = rettv->vval.v_float;
2888 		    n1 = 0;
2889 		}
2890 		else
2891 #endif
2892 		{
2893 		    n1 = tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
2894 		    if (error)
2895 		    {
2896 			// This can only happen for "list + non-list".  For
2897 			// "non-list + ..." or "something - ...", we returned
2898 			// before evaluating the 2nd operand.
2899 			clear_tv(rettv);
2900 			return FAIL;
2901 		    }
2902 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2903 		    if (var2.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
2904 			f1 = n1;
2905 #endif
2906 		}
2907 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2908 		if (var2.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
2909 		{
2910 		    f2 = var2.vval.v_float;
2911 		    n2 = 0;
2912 		}
2913 		else
2914 #endif
2915 		{
2916 		    n2 = tv_get_number_chk(&var2, &error);
2917 		    if (error)
2918 		    {
2919 			clear_tv(rettv);
2920 			clear_tv(&var2);
2921 			return FAIL;
2922 		    }
2923 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2924 		    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
2925 			f2 = n2;
2926 #endif
2927 		}
2928 		clear_tv(rettv);
2929 
2930 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2931 		// If there is a float on either side the result is a float.
2932 		if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT || var2.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
2933 		{
2934 		    if (op == '+')
2935 			f1 = f1 + f2;
2936 		    else
2937 			f1 = f1 - f2;
2938 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_FLOAT;
2939 		    rettv->vval.v_float = f1;
2940 		}
2941 		else
2942 #endif
2943 		{
2944 		    if (op == '+')
2945 			n1 = n1 + n2;
2946 		    else
2947 			n1 = n1 - n2;
2948 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
2949 		    rettv->vval.v_number = n1;
2950 		}
2951 	    }
2952 	    clear_tv(&var2);
2953 	}
2954     }
2955     return OK;
2956 }
2957 
2958 /*
2959  * Handle fifth level expression:
2960  *	*	number multiplication
2961  *	/	number division
2962  *	%	number modulo
2963  *
2964  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
2965  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
2966  *
2967  * Return OK or FAIL.
2968  */
2969     static int
2970 eval6(
2971     char_u	**arg,
2972     typval_T	*rettv,
2973     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
2974     int		want_string)  // after "." operator
2975 {
2976 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2977     int	    use_float = FALSE;
2978 #endif
2979 
2980     /*
2981      * Get the first variable.
2982      */
2983     if (eval7(arg, rettv, evalarg, want_string) == FAIL)
2984 	return FAIL;
2985 
2986     /*
2987      * Repeat computing, until no '*', '/' or '%' is following.
2988      */
2989     for (;;)
2990     {
2991 	int	    evaluate;
2992 	int	    getnext;
2993 	typval_T    var2;
2994 	char_u	    *p;
2995 	int	    op;
2996 	varnumber_T n1, n2;
2997 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
2998 	float_T	    f1, f2;
2999 #endif
3000 	int	    error;
3001 
3002 	p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
3003 	op = *p;
3004 	if (op != '*' && op != '/' && op != '%')
3005 	    break;
3006 
3007 	evaluate = evalarg == NULL ? 0 : (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
3008 	if (getnext)
3009 	    *arg = eval_next_line(evalarg);
3010 	else
3011 	{
3012 	    if (evaluate && in_vim9script() && !VIM_ISWHITE(**arg))
3013 	    {
3014 		error_white_both(p, 1);
3015 		clear_tv(rettv);
3016 		return FAIL;
3017 	    }
3018 	    *arg = p;
3019 	}
3020 
3021 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3022 	f1 = 0;
3023 	f2 = 0;
3024 #endif
3025 	error = FALSE;
3026 	if (evaluate)
3027 	{
3028 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3029 	    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3030 	    {
3031 		f1 = rettv->vval.v_float;
3032 		use_float = TRUE;
3033 		n1 = 0;
3034 	    }
3035 	    else
3036 #endif
3037 		n1 = tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
3038 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3039 	    if (error)
3040 		return FAIL;
3041 	}
3042 	else
3043 	    n1 = 0;
3044 
3045 	/*
3046 	 * Get the second variable.
3047 	 */
3048 	if (evaluate && in_vim9script() && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL((*arg)[1]))
3049 	{
3050 	    error_white_both(p, 1);
3051 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3052 	    return FAIL;
3053 	}
3054 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg);
3055 	if (eval7(arg, &var2, evalarg, FALSE) == FAIL)
3056 	    return FAIL;
3057 
3058 	if (evaluate)
3059 	{
3060 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3061 	    if (var2.v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3062 	    {
3063 		if (!use_float)
3064 		{
3065 		    f1 = n1;
3066 		    use_float = TRUE;
3067 		}
3068 		f2 = var2.vval.v_float;
3069 		n2 = 0;
3070 	    }
3071 	    else
3072 #endif
3073 	    {
3074 		n2 = tv_get_number_chk(&var2, &error);
3075 		clear_tv(&var2);
3076 		if (error)
3077 		    return FAIL;
3078 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3079 		if (use_float)
3080 		    f2 = n2;
3081 #endif
3082 	    }
3083 
3084 	    /*
3085 	     * Compute the result.
3086 	     * When either side is a float the result is a float.
3087 	     */
3088 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3089 	    if (use_float)
3090 	    {
3091 		if (op == '*')
3092 		    f1 = f1 * f2;
3093 		else if (op == '/')
3094 		{
3095 # ifdef VMS
3096 		    // VMS crashes on divide by zero, work around it
3097 		    if (f2 == 0.0)
3098 		    {
3099 			if (f1 == 0)
3100 			    f1 = -1 * __F_FLT_MAX - 1L;   // similar to NaN
3101 			else if (f1 < 0)
3102 			    f1 = -1 * __F_FLT_MAX;
3103 			else
3104 			    f1 = __F_FLT_MAX;
3105 		    }
3106 		    else
3107 			f1 = f1 / f2;
3108 # else
3109 		    // We rely on the floating point library to handle divide
3110 		    // by zero to result in "inf" and not a crash.
3111 		    f1 = f1 / f2;
3112 # endif
3113 		}
3114 		else
3115 		{
3116 		    emsg(_(e_modulus));
3117 		    return FAIL;
3118 		}
3119 		rettv->v_type = VAR_FLOAT;
3120 		rettv->vval.v_float = f1;
3121 	    }
3122 	    else
3123 #endif
3124 	    {
3125 		if (op == '*')
3126 		    n1 = n1 * n2;
3127 		else if (op == '/')
3128 		    n1 = num_divide(n1, n2);
3129 		else
3130 		    n1 = num_modulus(n1, n2);
3131 
3132 		rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
3133 		rettv->vval.v_number = n1;
3134 	    }
3135 	}
3136     }
3137 
3138     return OK;
3139 }
3140 
3141 /*
3142  * Handle sixth level expression:
3143  *  number		number constant
3144  *  0zFFFFFFFF		Blob constant
3145  *  "string"		string constant
3146  *  'string'		literal string constant
3147  *  &option-name	option value
3148  *  @r			register contents
3149  *  identifier		variable value
3150  *  function()		function call
3151  *  $VAR		environment variable
3152  *  (expression)	nested expression
3153  *  [expr, expr]	List
3154  *  {arg, arg -> expr}	Lambda
3155  *  {key: val, key: val}   Dictionary
3156  *  #{key: val, key: val}  Dictionary with literal keys
3157  *
3158  *  Also handle:
3159  *  ! in front		logical NOT
3160  *  - in front		unary minus
3161  *  + in front		unary plus (ignored)
3162  *  trailing []		subscript in String or List
3163  *  trailing .name	entry in Dictionary
3164  *  trailing ->name()	method call
3165  *
3166  * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
3167  * "arg" is advanced to just after the recognized expression.
3168  *
3169  * Return OK or FAIL.
3170  */
3171     static int
3172 eval7(
3173     char_u	**arg,
3174     typval_T	*rettv,
3175     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
3176     int		want_string)	// after "." operator
3177 {
3178     int		evaluate = evalarg != NULL
3179 				      && (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
3180     int		len;
3181     char_u	*s;
3182     char_u	*start_leader, *end_leader;
3183     int		ret = OK;
3184     char_u	*alias;
3185 
3186     /*
3187      * Initialise variable so that clear_tv() can't mistake this for a
3188      * string and free a string that isn't there.
3189      */
3190     rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3191 
3192     /*
3193      * Skip '!', '-' and '+' characters.  They are handled later.
3194      */
3195     start_leader = *arg;
3196     while (**arg == '!' || **arg == '-' || **arg == '+')
3197 	*arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
3198     end_leader = *arg;
3199 
3200     if (**arg == '.' && (!isdigit(*(*arg + 1))
3201 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3202 	    || current_sctx.sc_version < 2
3203 #endif
3204 	    ))
3205     {
3206 	semsg(_(e_invexpr2), *arg);
3207 	++*arg;
3208 	return FAIL;
3209     }
3210 
3211     switch (**arg)
3212     {
3213     /*
3214      * Number constant.
3215      */
3216     case '0':
3217     case '1':
3218     case '2':
3219     case '3':
3220     case '4':
3221     case '5':
3222     case '6':
3223     case '7':
3224     case '8':
3225     case '9':
3226     case '.':	ret = eval_number(arg, rettv, evaluate, want_string);
3227 
3228 		// Apply prefixed "-" and "+" now.  Matters especially when
3229 		// "->" follows.
3230 		if (ret == OK && evaluate && end_leader > start_leader
3231 						  && rettv->v_type != VAR_BLOB)
3232 		    ret = eval7_leader(rettv, TRUE, start_leader, &end_leader);
3233 		break;
3234 
3235     /*
3236      * String constant: "string".
3237      */
3238     case '"':	ret = eval_string(arg, rettv, evaluate);
3239 		break;
3240 
3241     /*
3242      * Literal string constant: 'str''ing'.
3243      */
3244     case '\'':	ret = eval_lit_string(arg, rettv, evaluate);
3245 		break;
3246 
3247     /*
3248      * List: [expr, expr]
3249      */
3250     case '[':	ret = eval_list(arg, rettv, evalarg, TRUE);
3251 		break;
3252 
3253     /*
3254      * Dictionary: #{key: val, key: val}
3255      */
3256     case '#':	if ((*arg)[1] == '{')
3257 		{
3258 		    ++*arg;
3259 		    ret = eval_dict(arg, rettv, evalarg, TRUE);
3260 		}
3261 		else
3262 		    ret = NOTDONE;
3263 		break;
3264 
3265     /*
3266      * Lambda: {arg, arg -> expr}
3267      * Dictionary: {'key': val, 'key': val}
3268      */
3269     case '{':	ret = get_lambda_tv(arg, rettv, FALSE, evalarg);
3270 		if (ret == NOTDONE)
3271 		    ret = eval_dict(arg, rettv, evalarg, FALSE);
3272 		break;
3273 
3274     /*
3275      * Option value: &name
3276      */
3277     case '&':	ret = eval_option(arg, rettv, evaluate);
3278 		break;
3279 
3280     /*
3281      * Environment variable: $VAR.
3282      */
3283     case '$':	ret = eval_env_var(arg, rettv, evaluate);
3284 		break;
3285 
3286     /*
3287      * Register contents: @r.
3288      */
3289     case '@':	++*arg;
3290 		if (evaluate)
3291 		{
3292 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
3293 		    rettv->vval.v_string = get_reg_contents(**arg,
3294 							    GREG_EXPR_SRC);
3295 		}
3296 		if (**arg != NUL)
3297 		    ++*arg;
3298 		break;
3299 
3300     /*
3301      * nested expression: (expression).
3302      */
3303     case '(':	{
3304 		    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg);
3305 		    ret = eval1(arg, rettv, evalarg);	// recursive!
3306 
3307 		    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg, evalarg);
3308 		    if (**arg == ')')
3309 			++*arg;
3310 		    else if (ret == OK)
3311 		    {
3312 			emsg(_(e_missing_close));
3313 			clear_tv(rettv);
3314 			ret = FAIL;
3315 		    }
3316 		}
3317 		break;
3318 
3319     default:	ret = NOTDONE;
3320 		break;
3321     }
3322 
3323     if (ret == NOTDONE)
3324     {
3325 	/*
3326 	 * Must be a variable or function name.
3327 	 * Can also be a curly-braces kind of name: {expr}.
3328 	 */
3329 	s = *arg;
3330 	len = get_name_len(arg, &alias, evaluate, TRUE);
3331 	if (alias != NULL)
3332 	    s = alias;
3333 
3334 	if (len <= 0)
3335 	    ret = FAIL;
3336 	else
3337 	{
3338 	    int	    flags = evalarg == NULL ? 0 : evalarg->eval_flags;
3339 
3340 	    if ((in_vim9script() ? **arg : *skipwhite(*arg)) == '(')
3341 	    {
3342 		// "name(..."  recursive!
3343 		*arg = skipwhite(*arg);
3344 		ret = eval_func(arg, evalarg, s, len, rettv, flags, NULL);
3345 	    }
3346 	    else if (flags & EVAL_CONSTANT)
3347 		ret = FAIL;
3348 	    else if (evaluate)
3349 	    {
3350 		// get the value of "true", "false" or a variable
3351 		if (len == 4 && in_vim9script() && STRNCMP(s, "true", 4) == 0)
3352 		{
3353 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3354 		    rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_TRUE;
3355 		    ret = OK;
3356 		}
3357 		else if (len == 5 && in_vim9script()
3358 						&& STRNCMP(s, "false", 4) == 0)
3359 		{
3360 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3361 		    rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_FALSE;
3362 		    ret = OK;
3363 		}
3364 		else
3365 		    ret = eval_variable(s, len, rettv, NULL, TRUE, FALSE);
3366 	    }
3367 	    else
3368 	    {
3369 		// skip the name
3370 		check_vars(s, len);
3371 		ret = OK;
3372 	    }
3373 	}
3374 	vim_free(alias);
3375     }
3376 
3377     // Handle following '[', '(' and '.' for expr[expr], expr.name,
3378     // expr(expr), expr->name(expr)
3379     if (ret == OK)
3380 	ret = handle_subscript(arg, rettv, evalarg, TRUE);
3381 
3382     /*
3383      * Apply logical NOT and unary '-', from right to left, ignore '+'.
3384      */
3385     if (ret == OK && evaluate && end_leader > start_leader)
3386 	ret = eval7_leader(rettv, FALSE, start_leader, &end_leader);
3387     return ret;
3388 }
3389 
3390 /*
3391  * Apply the leading "!" and "-" before an eval7 expression to "rettv".
3392  * When "numeric_only" is TRUE only handle "+" and "-".
3393  * Adjusts "end_leaderp" until it is at "start_leader".
3394  */
3395     static int
3396 eval7_leader(
3397 	typval_T    *rettv,
3398 	int	    numeric_only,
3399 	char_u	    *start_leader,
3400 	char_u	    **end_leaderp)
3401 {
3402     char_u	*end_leader = *end_leaderp;
3403     int		ret = OK;
3404     int		error = FALSE;
3405     varnumber_T val = 0;
3406     vartype_T	type = rettv->v_type;
3407 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3408     float_T	    f = 0.0;
3409 
3410     if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3411 	f = rettv->vval.v_float;
3412     else
3413 #endif
3414     {
3415 	while (VIM_ISWHITE(end_leader[-1]))
3416 	    --end_leader;
3417 	if (in_vim9script() && end_leader[-1] == '!')
3418 	    val = tv2bool(rettv);
3419 	else
3420 	    val = tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
3421     }
3422     if (error)
3423     {
3424 	clear_tv(rettv);
3425 	ret = FAIL;
3426     }
3427     else
3428     {
3429 	while (end_leader > start_leader)
3430 	{
3431 	    --end_leader;
3432 	    if (*end_leader == '!')
3433 	    {
3434 		if (numeric_only)
3435 		{
3436 		    ++end_leader;
3437 		    break;
3438 		}
3439 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3440 		if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3441 		{
3442 		    if (in_vim9script())
3443 		    {
3444 			rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
3445 			val = f == 0.0 ? VVAL_TRUE : VVAL_FALSE;
3446 		    }
3447 		    else
3448 			f = !f;
3449 		}
3450 		else
3451 #endif
3452 		{
3453 		    val = !val;
3454 		    type = VAR_BOOL;
3455 		}
3456 	    }
3457 	    else if (*end_leader == '-')
3458 	    {
3459 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3460 		if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3461 		    f = -f;
3462 		else
3463 #endif
3464 		{
3465 		    val = -val;
3466 		    type = VAR_NUMBER;
3467 		}
3468 	    }
3469 	}
3470 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3471 	if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
3472 	{
3473 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3474 	    rettv->vval.v_float = f;
3475 	}
3476 	else
3477 #endif
3478 	{
3479 	    clear_tv(rettv);
3480 	    if (in_vim9script())
3481 		rettv->v_type = type;
3482 	    else
3483 		rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
3484 	    rettv->vval.v_number = val;
3485 	}
3486     }
3487     *end_leaderp = end_leader;
3488     return ret;
3489 }
3490 
3491 /*
3492  * Call the function referred to in "rettv".
3493  */
3494     static int
3495 call_func_rettv(
3496 	char_u	    **arg,
3497 	evalarg_T   *evalarg,
3498 	typval_T    *rettv,
3499 	int	    evaluate,
3500 	dict_T	    *selfdict,
3501 	typval_T    *basetv)
3502 {
3503     partial_T	*pt = NULL;
3504     funcexe_T	funcexe;
3505     typval_T	functv;
3506     char_u	*s;
3507     int		ret;
3508 
3509     // need to copy the funcref so that we can clear rettv
3510     if (evaluate)
3511     {
3512 	functv = *rettv;
3513 	rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3514 
3515 	// Invoke the function.  Recursive!
3516 	if (functv.v_type == VAR_PARTIAL)
3517 	{
3518 	    pt = functv.vval.v_partial;
3519 	    s = partial_name(pt);
3520 	}
3521 	else
3522 	    s = functv.vval.v_string;
3523     }
3524     else
3525 	s = (char_u *)"";
3526 
3527     CLEAR_FIELD(funcexe);
3528     funcexe.firstline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
3529     funcexe.lastline = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
3530     funcexe.evaluate = evaluate;
3531     funcexe.partial = pt;
3532     funcexe.selfdict = selfdict;
3533     funcexe.basetv = basetv;
3534     ret = get_func_tv(s, -1, rettv, arg, evalarg, &funcexe);
3535 
3536     // Clear the funcref afterwards, so that deleting it while
3537     // evaluating the arguments is possible (see test55).
3538     if (evaluate)
3539 	clear_tv(&functv);
3540 
3541     return ret;
3542 }
3543 
3544 /*
3545  * Evaluate "->method()".
3546  * "*arg" points to the '-'.
3547  * Returns FAIL or OK. "*arg" is advanced to after the ')'.
3548  */
3549     static int
3550 eval_lambda(
3551     char_u	**arg,
3552     typval_T	*rettv,
3553     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
3554     int		verbose)	// give error messages
3555 {
3556     int		evaluate = evalarg != NULL
3557 				      && (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
3558     typval_T	base = *rettv;
3559     int		ret;
3560 
3561     // Skip over the ->.
3562     *arg += 2;
3563     rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3564 
3565     ret = get_lambda_tv(arg, rettv, FALSE, evalarg);
3566     if (ret != OK)
3567 	return FAIL;
3568     else if (**arg != '(')
3569     {
3570 	if (verbose)
3571 	{
3572 	    if (*skipwhite(*arg) == '(')
3573 		emsg(_(e_nowhitespace));
3574 	    else
3575 		semsg(_(e_missing_paren), "lambda");
3576 	}
3577 	clear_tv(rettv);
3578 	ret = FAIL;
3579     }
3580     else
3581 	ret = call_func_rettv(arg, evalarg, rettv, evaluate, NULL, &base);
3582 
3583     // Clear the funcref afterwards, so that deleting it while
3584     // evaluating the arguments is possible (see test55).
3585     if (evaluate)
3586 	clear_tv(&base);
3587 
3588     return ret;
3589 }
3590 
3591 /*
3592  * Evaluate "->method()".
3593  * "*arg" points to the '-'.
3594  * Returns FAIL or OK. "*arg" is advanced to after the ')'.
3595  */
3596     static int
3597 eval_method(
3598     char_u	**arg,
3599     typval_T	*rettv,
3600     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
3601     int		verbose)	// give error messages
3602 {
3603     char_u	*name;
3604     long	len;
3605     char_u	*alias;
3606     typval_T	base = *rettv;
3607     int		ret;
3608     int		evaluate = evalarg != NULL
3609 				      && (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
3610 
3611     // Skip over the ->.
3612     *arg += 2;
3613     rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
3614 
3615     name = *arg;
3616     len = get_name_len(arg, &alias, evaluate, TRUE);
3617     if (alias != NULL)
3618 	name = alias;
3619 
3620     if (len <= 0)
3621     {
3622 	if (verbose)
3623 	    emsg(_("E260: Missing name after ->"));
3624 	ret = FAIL;
3625     }
3626     else
3627     {
3628 	*arg = skipwhite(*arg);
3629 	if (**arg != '(')
3630 	{
3631 	    if (verbose)
3632 		semsg(_(e_missing_paren), name);
3633 	    ret = FAIL;
3634 	}
3635 	else if (VIM_ISWHITE((*arg)[-1]))
3636 	{
3637 	    if (verbose)
3638 		emsg(_(e_nowhitespace));
3639 	    ret = FAIL;
3640 	}
3641 	else
3642 	    ret = eval_func(arg, evalarg, name, len, rettv,
3643 					  evaluate ? EVAL_EVALUATE : 0, &base);
3644     }
3645 
3646     // Clear the funcref afterwards, so that deleting it while
3647     // evaluating the arguments is possible (see test55).
3648     if (evaluate)
3649 	clear_tv(&base);
3650 
3651     return ret;
3652 }
3653 
3654 /*
3655  * Evaluate an "[expr]" or "[expr:expr]" index.  Also "dict.key".
3656  * "*arg" points to the '[' or '.'.
3657  * Returns FAIL or OK. "*arg" is advanced to after the ']'.
3658  */
3659     static int
3660 eval_index(
3661     char_u	**arg,
3662     typval_T	*rettv,
3663     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
3664     int		verbose)	// give error messages
3665 {
3666     int		evaluate = evalarg != NULL
3667 				      && (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
3668     int		empty1 = FALSE, empty2 = FALSE;
3669     typval_T	var1, var2;
3670     int		range = FALSE;
3671     char_u	*key = NULL;
3672     int		keylen = -1;
3673 
3674     if (check_can_index(rettv, evaluate, verbose) == FAIL)
3675 	return FAIL;
3676 
3677     init_tv(&var1);
3678     init_tv(&var2);
3679     if (**arg == '.')
3680     {
3681 	/*
3682 	 * dict.name
3683 	 */
3684 	key = *arg + 1;
3685 	for (keylen = 0; eval_isdictc(key[keylen]); ++keylen)
3686 	    ;
3687 	if (keylen == 0)
3688 	    return FAIL;
3689 	*arg = key + keylen;
3690     }
3691     else
3692     {
3693 	/*
3694 	 * something[idx]
3695 	 *
3696 	 * Get the (first) variable from inside the [].
3697 	 */
3698 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg);
3699 	if (**arg == ':')
3700 	    empty1 = TRUE;
3701 	else if (eval1(arg, &var1, evalarg) == FAIL)	// recursive!
3702 	    return FAIL;
3703 	else if (evaluate && tv_get_string_chk(&var1) == NULL)
3704 	{
3705 	    // not a number or string
3706 	    clear_tv(&var1);
3707 	    return FAIL;
3708 	}
3709 
3710 	/*
3711 	 * Get the second variable from inside the [:].
3712 	 */
3713 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg, evalarg);
3714 	if (**arg == ':')
3715 	{
3716 	    range = TRUE;
3717 	    *arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg + 1, evalarg);
3718 	    if (**arg == ']')
3719 		empty2 = TRUE;
3720 	    else if (eval1(arg, &var2, evalarg) == FAIL)	// recursive!
3721 	    {
3722 		if (!empty1)
3723 		    clear_tv(&var1);
3724 		return FAIL;
3725 	    }
3726 	    else if (evaluate && tv_get_string_chk(&var2) == NULL)
3727 	    {
3728 		// not a number or string
3729 		if (!empty1)
3730 		    clear_tv(&var1);
3731 		clear_tv(&var2);
3732 		return FAIL;
3733 	    }
3734 	}
3735 
3736 	// Check for the ']'.
3737 	*arg = skipwhite_and_linebreak(*arg, evalarg);
3738 	if (**arg != ']')
3739 	{
3740 	    if (verbose)
3741 		emsg(_(e_missbrac));
3742 	    clear_tv(&var1);
3743 	    if (range)
3744 		clear_tv(&var2);
3745 	    return FAIL;
3746 	}
3747 	*arg = *arg + 1;	// skip over the ']'
3748     }
3749 
3750     if (evaluate)
3751     {
3752 	int res = eval_index_inner(rettv, range,
3753 		empty1 ? NULL : &var1, empty2 ? NULL : &var2,
3754 		key, keylen, verbose);
3755 	if (!empty1)
3756 	    clear_tv(&var1);
3757 	if (range)
3758 	    clear_tv(&var2);
3759 	return res;
3760     }
3761     return OK;
3762 }
3763 
3764 /*
3765  * Check if "rettv" can have an [index] or [sli:ce]
3766  */
3767     int
3768 check_can_index(typval_T *rettv, int evaluate, int verbose)
3769 {
3770     switch (rettv->v_type)
3771     {
3772 	case VAR_FUNC:
3773 	case VAR_PARTIAL:
3774 	    if (verbose)
3775 		emsg(_("E695: Cannot index a Funcref"));
3776 	    return FAIL;
3777 	case VAR_FLOAT:
3778 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
3779 	    if (verbose)
3780 		emsg(_(e_float_as_string));
3781 	    return FAIL;
3782 #endif
3783 	case VAR_BOOL:
3784 	case VAR_SPECIAL:
3785 	case VAR_JOB:
3786 	case VAR_CHANNEL:
3787 	    if (verbose)
3788 		emsg(_(e_cannot_index_special_variable));
3789 	    return FAIL;
3790 	case VAR_UNKNOWN:
3791 	case VAR_ANY:
3792 	case VAR_VOID:
3793 	    if (evaluate)
3794 	    {
3795 		emsg(_(e_cannot_index_special_variable));
3796 		return FAIL;
3797 	    }
3798 	    // FALLTHROUGH
3799 
3800 	case VAR_STRING:
3801 	case VAR_LIST:
3802 	case VAR_DICT:
3803 	case VAR_BLOB:
3804 	    break;
3805 	case VAR_NUMBER:
3806 	    if (in_vim9script())
3807 		emsg(_(e_cannot_index_number));
3808 	    break;
3809     }
3810     return OK;
3811 }
3812 
3813 /*
3814  * Apply index or range to "rettv".
3815  * "var1" is the first index, NULL for [:expr].
3816  * "var2" is the second index, NULL for [expr] and [expr: ]
3817  * Alternatively, "key" is not NULL, then key[keylen] is the dict index.
3818  */
3819     int
3820 eval_index_inner(
3821 	typval_T    *rettv,
3822 	int	    is_range,
3823 	typval_T    *var1,
3824 	typval_T    *var2,
3825 	char_u	    *key,
3826 	int	    keylen,
3827 	int	    verbose)
3828 {
3829     long	n1, n2 = 0;
3830     long	len;
3831 
3832     n1 = 0;
3833     if (var1 != NULL && rettv->v_type != VAR_DICT)
3834 	n1 = tv_get_number(var1);
3835 
3836     if (is_range)
3837     {
3838 	if (rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
3839 	{
3840 	    if (verbose)
3841 		emsg(_(e_cannot_slice_dictionary));
3842 	    return FAIL;
3843 	}
3844 	if (var2 == NULL)
3845 	    n2 = -1;
3846 	else
3847 	    n2 = tv_get_number(var2);
3848     }
3849 
3850     switch (rettv->v_type)
3851     {
3852 	case VAR_UNKNOWN:
3853 	case VAR_ANY:
3854 	case VAR_VOID:
3855 	case VAR_FUNC:
3856 	case VAR_PARTIAL:
3857 	case VAR_FLOAT:
3858 	case VAR_BOOL:
3859 	case VAR_SPECIAL:
3860 	case VAR_JOB:
3861 	case VAR_CHANNEL:
3862 	    break; // not evaluating, skipping over subscript
3863 
3864 	case VAR_NUMBER:
3865 	case VAR_STRING:
3866 	    {
3867 		char_u	*s = tv_get_string(rettv);
3868 
3869 		len = (long)STRLEN(s);
3870 		if (in_vim9script())
3871 		{
3872 		    if (is_range)
3873 			s = string_slice(s, n1, n2);
3874 		    else
3875 			s = char_from_string(s, n1);
3876 		}
3877 		else if (is_range)
3878 		{
3879 		    // The resulting variable is a substring.  If the indexes
3880 		    // are out of range the result is empty.
3881 		    if (n1 < 0)
3882 		    {
3883 			n1 = len + n1;
3884 			if (n1 < 0)
3885 			    n1 = 0;
3886 		    }
3887 		    if (n2 < 0)
3888 			n2 = len + n2;
3889 		    else if (n2 >= len)
3890 			n2 = len;
3891 		    if (n1 >= len || n2 < 0 || n1 > n2)
3892 			s = NULL;
3893 		    else
3894 			s = vim_strnsave(s + n1, n2 - n1 + 1);
3895 		}
3896 		else
3897 		{
3898 		    // The resulting variable is a string of a single
3899 		    // character.  If the index is too big or negative the
3900 		    // result is empty.
3901 		    if (n1 >= len || n1 < 0)
3902 			s = NULL;
3903 		    else
3904 			s = vim_strnsave(s + n1, 1);
3905 		}
3906 		clear_tv(rettv);
3907 		rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
3908 		rettv->vval.v_string = s;
3909 	    }
3910 	    break;
3911 
3912 	case VAR_BLOB:
3913 	    len = blob_len(rettv->vval.v_blob);
3914 	    if (is_range)
3915 	    {
3916 		// The resulting variable is a sub-blob.  If the indexes
3917 		// are out of range the result is empty.
3918 		if (n1 < 0)
3919 		{
3920 		    n1 = len + n1;
3921 		    if (n1 < 0)
3922 			n1 = 0;
3923 		}
3924 		if (n2 < 0)
3925 		    n2 = len + n2;
3926 		else if (n2 >= len)
3927 		    n2 = len - 1;
3928 		if (n1 >= len || n2 < 0 || n1 > n2)
3929 		{
3930 		    clear_tv(rettv);
3931 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_BLOB;
3932 		    rettv->vval.v_blob = NULL;
3933 		}
3934 		else
3935 		{
3936 		    blob_T  *blob = blob_alloc();
3937 		    long    i;
3938 
3939 		    if (blob != NULL)
3940 		    {
3941 			if (ga_grow(&blob->bv_ga, n2 - n1 + 1) == FAIL)
3942 			{
3943 			    blob_free(blob);
3944 			    return FAIL;
3945 			}
3946 			blob->bv_ga.ga_len = n2 - n1 + 1;
3947 			for (i = n1; i <= n2; i++)
3948 			    blob_set(blob, i - n1,
3949 					  blob_get(rettv->vval.v_blob, i));
3950 
3951 			clear_tv(rettv);
3952 			rettv_blob_set(rettv, blob);
3953 		    }
3954 		}
3955 	    }
3956 	    else
3957 	    {
3958 		// The resulting variable is a byte value.
3959 		// If the index is too big or negative that is an error.
3960 		if (n1 < 0)
3961 		    n1 = len + n1;
3962 		if (n1 < len && n1 >= 0)
3963 		{
3964 		    int v = blob_get(rettv->vval.v_blob, n1);
3965 
3966 		    clear_tv(rettv);
3967 		    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
3968 		    rettv->vval.v_number = v;
3969 		}
3970 		else
3971 		    semsg(_(e_blobidx), n1);
3972 	    }
3973 	    break;
3974 
3975 	case VAR_LIST:
3976 	    if (var1 == NULL)
3977 		n1 = 0;
3978 	    if (var2 == NULL)
3979 		n2 = -1;
3980 	    if (list_slice_or_index(rettv->vval.v_list,
3981 				    is_range, n1, n2, rettv, verbose) == FAIL)
3982 		return FAIL;
3983 	    break;
3984 
3985 	case VAR_DICT:
3986 	    {
3987 		dictitem_T	*item;
3988 		typval_T	tmp;
3989 
3990 		if (key == NULL)
3991 		{
3992 		    key = tv_get_string_chk(var1);
3993 		    if (key == NULL)
3994 			return FAIL;
3995 		}
3996 
3997 		item = dict_find(rettv->vval.v_dict, key, (int)keylen);
3998 
3999 		if (item == NULL && verbose)
4000 		    semsg(_(e_dictkey), key);
4001 		if (item == NULL)
4002 		    return FAIL;
4003 
4004 		copy_tv(&item->di_tv, &tmp);
4005 		clear_tv(rettv);
4006 		*rettv = tmp;
4007 	    }
4008 	    break;
4009     }
4010     return OK;
4011 }
4012 
4013 /*
4014  * Return the function name of partial "pt".
4015  */
4016     char_u *
4017 partial_name(partial_T *pt)
4018 {
4019     if (pt->pt_name != NULL)
4020 	return pt->pt_name;
4021     if (pt->pt_func != NULL)
4022 	return pt->pt_func->uf_name;
4023     return (char_u *)"";
4024 }
4025 
4026     static void
4027 partial_free(partial_T *pt)
4028 {
4029     int i;
4030 
4031     for (i = 0; i < pt->pt_argc; ++i)
4032 	clear_tv(&pt->pt_argv[i]);
4033     vim_free(pt->pt_argv);
4034     dict_unref(pt->pt_dict);
4035     if (pt->pt_name != NULL)
4036     {
4037 	func_unref(pt->pt_name);
4038 	vim_free(pt->pt_name);
4039     }
4040     else
4041 	func_ptr_unref(pt->pt_func);
4042 
4043     // Decrease the reference count for the context of a closure.  If down
4044     // to the minimum it may be time to free it.
4045     if (pt->pt_funcstack != NULL)
4046     {
4047 	--pt->pt_funcstack->fs_refcount;
4048 	funcstack_check_refcount(pt->pt_funcstack);
4049     }
4050 
4051     vim_free(pt);
4052 }
4053 
4054 /*
4055  * Unreference a closure: decrement the reference count and free it when it
4056  * becomes zero.
4057  */
4058     void
4059 partial_unref(partial_T *pt)
4060 {
4061     if (pt != NULL)
4062     {
4063 	if (--pt->pt_refcount <= 0)
4064 	    partial_free(pt);
4065 
4066 	// If the reference count goes down to one, the funcstack may be the
4067 	// only reference and can be freed if no other partials reference it.
4068 	else if (pt->pt_refcount == 1 && pt->pt_funcstack != NULL)
4069 	    funcstack_check_refcount(pt->pt_funcstack);
4070     }
4071 }
4072 
4073 /*
4074  * Return the next (unique) copy ID.
4075  * Used for serializing nested structures.
4076  */
4077     int
4078 get_copyID(void)
4079 {
4080     current_copyID += COPYID_INC;
4081     return current_copyID;
4082 }
4083 
4084 /*
4085  * Garbage collection for lists and dictionaries.
4086  *
4087  * We use reference counts to be able to free most items right away when they
4088  * are no longer used.  But for composite items it's possible that it becomes
4089  * unused while the reference count is > 0: When there is a recursive
4090  * reference.  Example:
4091  *	:let l = [1, 2, 3]
4092  *	:let d = {9: l}
4093  *	:let l[1] = d
4094  *
4095  * Since this is quite unusual we handle this with garbage collection: every
4096  * once in a while find out which lists and dicts are not referenced from any
4097  * variable.
4098  *
4099  * Here is a good reference text about garbage collection (refers to Python
4100  * but it applies to all reference-counting mechanisms):
4101  *	http://python.ca/nas/python/gc/
4102  */
4103 
4104 /*
4105  * Do garbage collection for lists and dicts.
4106  * When "testing" is TRUE this is called from test_garbagecollect_now().
4107  * Return TRUE if some memory was freed.
4108  */
4109     int
4110 garbage_collect(int testing)
4111 {
4112     int		copyID;
4113     int		abort = FALSE;
4114     buf_T	*buf;
4115     win_T	*wp;
4116     int		did_free = FALSE;
4117     tabpage_T	*tp;
4118 
4119     if (!testing)
4120     {
4121 	// Only do this once.
4122 	want_garbage_collect = FALSE;
4123 	may_garbage_collect = FALSE;
4124 	garbage_collect_at_exit = FALSE;
4125     }
4126 
4127     // The execution stack can grow big, limit the size.
4128     if (exestack.ga_maxlen - exestack.ga_len > 500)
4129     {
4130 	size_t	new_len;
4131 	char_u	*pp;
4132 	int	n;
4133 
4134 	// Keep 150% of the current size, with a minimum of the growth size.
4135 	n = exestack.ga_len / 2;
4136 	if (n < exestack.ga_growsize)
4137 	    n = exestack.ga_growsize;
4138 
4139 	// Don't make it bigger though.
4140 	if (exestack.ga_len + n < exestack.ga_maxlen)
4141 	{
4142 	    new_len = exestack.ga_itemsize * (exestack.ga_len + n);
4143 	    pp = vim_realloc(exestack.ga_data, new_len);
4144 	    if (pp == NULL)
4145 		return FAIL;
4146 	    exestack.ga_maxlen = exestack.ga_len + n;
4147 	    exestack.ga_data = pp;
4148 	}
4149     }
4150 
4151     // We advance by two because we add one for items referenced through
4152     // previous_funccal.
4153     copyID = get_copyID();
4154 
4155     /*
4156      * 1. Go through all accessible variables and mark all lists and dicts
4157      *    with copyID.
4158      */
4159 
4160     // Don't free variables in the previous_funccal list unless they are only
4161     // referenced through previous_funccal.  This must be first, because if
4162     // the item is referenced elsewhere the funccal must not be freed.
4163     abort = abort || set_ref_in_previous_funccal(copyID);
4164 
4165     // script-local variables
4166     abort = abort || garbage_collect_scriptvars(copyID);
4167 
4168     // buffer-local variables
4169     FOR_ALL_BUFFERS(buf)
4170 	abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&buf->b_bufvar.di_tv, copyID,
4171 								  NULL, NULL);
4172 
4173     // window-local variables
4174     FOR_ALL_TAB_WINDOWS(tp, wp)
4175 	abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&wp->w_winvar.di_tv, copyID,
4176 								  NULL, NULL);
4177     if (aucmd_win != NULL)
4178 	abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&aucmd_win->w_winvar.di_tv, copyID,
4179 								  NULL, NULL);
4180 #ifdef FEAT_PROP_POPUP
4181     FOR_ALL_POPUPWINS(wp)
4182 	abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&wp->w_winvar.di_tv, copyID,
4183 								  NULL, NULL);
4184     FOR_ALL_TABPAGES(tp)
4185 	FOR_ALL_POPUPWINS_IN_TAB(tp, wp)
4186 		abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&wp->w_winvar.di_tv, copyID,
4187 								  NULL, NULL);
4188 #endif
4189 
4190     // tabpage-local variables
4191     FOR_ALL_TABPAGES(tp)
4192 	abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&tp->tp_winvar.di_tv, copyID,
4193 								  NULL, NULL);
4194     // global variables
4195     abort = abort || garbage_collect_globvars(copyID);
4196 
4197     // function-local variables
4198     abort = abort || set_ref_in_call_stack(copyID);
4199 
4200     // named functions (matters for closures)
4201     abort = abort || set_ref_in_functions(copyID);
4202 
4203     // function call arguments, if v:testing is set.
4204     abort = abort || set_ref_in_func_args(copyID);
4205 
4206     // v: vars
4207     abort = abort || garbage_collect_vimvars(copyID);
4208 
4209     // callbacks in buffers
4210     abort = abort || set_ref_in_buffers(copyID);
4211 
4212 #ifdef FEAT_LUA
4213     abort = abort || set_ref_in_lua(copyID);
4214 #endif
4215 
4216 #ifdef FEAT_PYTHON
4217     abort = abort || set_ref_in_python(copyID);
4218 #endif
4219 
4220 #ifdef FEAT_PYTHON3
4221     abort = abort || set_ref_in_python3(copyID);
4222 #endif
4223 
4224 #ifdef FEAT_JOB_CHANNEL
4225     abort = abort || set_ref_in_channel(copyID);
4226     abort = abort || set_ref_in_job(copyID);
4227 #endif
4228 #ifdef FEAT_NETBEANS_INTG
4229     abort = abort || set_ref_in_nb_channel(copyID);
4230 #endif
4231 
4232 #ifdef FEAT_TIMERS
4233     abort = abort || set_ref_in_timer(copyID);
4234 #endif
4235 
4236 #ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
4237     abort = abort || set_ref_in_quickfix(copyID);
4238 #endif
4239 
4240 #ifdef FEAT_TERMINAL
4241     abort = abort || set_ref_in_term(copyID);
4242 #endif
4243 
4244 #ifdef FEAT_PROP_POPUP
4245     abort = abort || set_ref_in_popups(copyID);
4246 #endif
4247 
4248     if (!abort)
4249     {
4250 	/*
4251 	 * 2. Free lists and dictionaries that are not referenced.
4252 	 */
4253 	did_free = free_unref_items(copyID);
4254 
4255 	/*
4256 	 * 3. Check if any funccal can be freed now.
4257 	 *    This may call us back recursively.
4258 	 */
4259 	free_unref_funccal(copyID, testing);
4260     }
4261     else if (p_verbose > 0)
4262     {
4263 	verb_msg(_("Not enough memory to set references, garbage collection aborted!"));
4264     }
4265 
4266     return did_free;
4267 }
4268 
4269 /*
4270  * Free lists, dictionaries, channels and jobs that are no longer referenced.
4271  */
4272     static int
4273 free_unref_items(int copyID)
4274 {
4275     int		did_free = FALSE;
4276 
4277     // Let all "free" functions know that we are here.  This means no
4278     // dictionaries, lists, channels or jobs are to be freed, because we will
4279     // do that here.
4280     in_free_unref_items = TRUE;
4281 
4282     /*
4283      * PASS 1: free the contents of the items.  We don't free the items
4284      * themselves yet, so that it is possible to decrement refcount counters
4285      */
4286 
4287     // Go through the list of dicts and free items without the copyID.
4288     did_free |= dict_free_nonref(copyID);
4289 
4290     // Go through the list of lists and free items without the copyID.
4291     did_free |= list_free_nonref(copyID);
4292 
4293 #ifdef FEAT_JOB_CHANNEL
4294     // Go through the list of jobs and free items without the copyID. This
4295     // must happen before doing channels, because jobs refer to channels, but
4296     // the reference from the channel to the job isn't tracked.
4297     did_free |= free_unused_jobs_contents(copyID, COPYID_MASK);
4298 
4299     // Go through the list of channels and free items without the copyID.
4300     did_free |= free_unused_channels_contents(copyID, COPYID_MASK);
4301 #endif
4302 
4303     /*
4304      * PASS 2: free the items themselves.
4305      */
4306     dict_free_items(copyID);
4307     list_free_items(copyID);
4308 
4309 #ifdef FEAT_JOB_CHANNEL
4310     // Go through the list of jobs and free items without the copyID. This
4311     // must happen before doing channels, because jobs refer to channels, but
4312     // the reference from the channel to the job isn't tracked.
4313     free_unused_jobs(copyID, COPYID_MASK);
4314 
4315     // Go through the list of channels and free items without the copyID.
4316     free_unused_channels(copyID, COPYID_MASK);
4317 #endif
4318 
4319     in_free_unref_items = FALSE;
4320 
4321     return did_free;
4322 }
4323 
4324 /*
4325  * Mark all lists and dicts referenced through hashtab "ht" with "copyID".
4326  * "list_stack" is used to add lists to be marked.  Can be NULL.
4327  *
4328  * Returns TRUE if setting references failed somehow.
4329  */
4330     int
4331 set_ref_in_ht(hashtab_T *ht, int copyID, list_stack_T **list_stack)
4332 {
4333     int		todo;
4334     int		abort = FALSE;
4335     hashitem_T	*hi;
4336     hashtab_T	*cur_ht;
4337     ht_stack_T	*ht_stack = NULL;
4338     ht_stack_T	*tempitem;
4339 
4340     cur_ht = ht;
4341     for (;;)
4342     {
4343 	if (!abort)
4344 	{
4345 	    // Mark each item in the hashtab.  If the item contains a hashtab
4346 	    // it is added to ht_stack, if it contains a list it is added to
4347 	    // list_stack.
4348 	    todo = (int)cur_ht->ht_used;
4349 	    for (hi = cur_ht->ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
4350 		if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
4351 		{
4352 		    --todo;
4353 		    abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&HI2DI(hi)->di_tv, copyID,
4354 						       &ht_stack, list_stack);
4355 		}
4356 	}
4357 
4358 	if (ht_stack == NULL)
4359 	    break;
4360 
4361 	// take an item from the stack
4362 	cur_ht = ht_stack->ht;
4363 	tempitem = ht_stack;
4364 	ht_stack = ht_stack->prev;
4365 	free(tempitem);
4366     }
4367 
4368     return abort;
4369 }
4370 
4371 /*
4372  * Mark a dict and its items with "copyID".
4373  * Returns TRUE if setting references failed somehow.
4374  */
4375     int
4376 set_ref_in_dict(dict_T *d, int copyID)
4377 {
4378     if (d != NULL && d->dv_copyID != copyID)
4379     {
4380 	d->dv_copyID = copyID;
4381 	return set_ref_in_ht(&d->dv_hashtab, copyID, NULL);
4382     }
4383     return FALSE;
4384 }
4385 
4386 /*
4387  * Mark a list and its items with "copyID".
4388  * Returns TRUE if setting references failed somehow.
4389  */
4390     int
4391 set_ref_in_list(list_T *ll, int copyID)
4392 {
4393     if (ll != NULL && ll->lv_copyID != copyID)
4394     {
4395 	ll->lv_copyID = copyID;
4396 	return set_ref_in_list_items(ll, copyID, NULL);
4397     }
4398     return FALSE;
4399 }
4400 
4401 /*
4402  * Mark all lists and dicts referenced through list "l" with "copyID".
4403  * "ht_stack" is used to add hashtabs to be marked.  Can be NULL.
4404  *
4405  * Returns TRUE if setting references failed somehow.
4406  */
4407     int
4408 set_ref_in_list_items(list_T *l, int copyID, ht_stack_T **ht_stack)
4409 {
4410     listitem_T	 *li;
4411     int		 abort = FALSE;
4412     list_T	 *cur_l;
4413     list_stack_T *list_stack = NULL;
4414     list_stack_T *tempitem;
4415 
4416     cur_l = l;
4417     for (;;)
4418     {
4419 	if (!abort && cur_l->lv_first != &range_list_item)
4420 	    // Mark each item in the list.  If the item contains a hashtab
4421 	    // it is added to ht_stack, if it contains a list it is added to
4422 	    // list_stack.
4423 	    for (li = cur_l->lv_first; !abort && li != NULL; li = li->li_next)
4424 		abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&li->li_tv, copyID,
4425 						       ht_stack, &list_stack);
4426 	if (list_stack == NULL)
4427 	    break;
4428 
4429 	// take an item from the stack
4430 	cur_l = list_stack->list;
4431 	tempitem = list_stack;
4432 	list_stack = list_stack->prev;
4433 	free(tempitem);
4434     }
4435 
4436     return abort;
4437 }
4438 
4439 /*
4440  * Mark all lists and dicts referenced through typval "tv" with "copyID".
4441  * "list_stack" is used to add lists to be marked.  Can be NULL.
4442  * "ht_stack" is used to add hashtabs to be marked.  Can be NULL.
4443  *
4444  * Returns TRUE if setting references failed somehow.
4445  */
4446     int
4447 set_ref_in_item(
4448     typval_T	    *tv,
4449     int		    copyID,
4450     ht_stack_T	    **ht_stack,
4451     list_stack_T    **list_stack)
4452 {
4453     int		abort = FALSE;
4454 
4455     if (tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
4456     {
4457 	dict_T	*dd = tv->vval.v_dict;
4458 
4459 	if (dd != NULL && dd->dv_copyID != copyID)
4460 	{
4461 	    // Didn't see this dict yet.
4462 	    dd->dv_copyID = copyID;
4463 	    if (ht_stack == NULL)
4464 	    {
4465 		abort = set_ref_in_ht(&dd->dv_hashtab, copyID, list_stack);
4466 	    }
4467 	    else
4468 	    {
4469 		ht_stack_T *newitem = ALLOC_ONE(ht_stack_T);
4470 
4471 		if (newitem == NULL)
4472 		    abort = TRUE;
4473 		else
4474 		{
4475 		    newitem->ht = &dd->dv_hashtab;
4476 		    newitem->prev = *ht_stack;
4477 		    *ht_stack = newitem;
4478 		}
4479 	    }
4480 	}
4481     }
4482     else if (tv->v_type == VAR_LIST)
4483     {
4484 	list_T	*ll = tv->vval.v_list;
4485 
4486 	if (ll != NULL && ll->lv_copyID != copyID)
4487 	{
4488 	    // Didn't see this list yet.
4489 	    ll->lv_copyID = copyID;
4490 	    if (list_stack == NULL)
4491 	    {
4492 		abort = set_ref_in_list_items(ll, copyID, ht_stack);
4493 	    }
4494 	    else
4495 	    {
4496 		list_stack_T *newitem = ALLOC_ONE(list_stack_T);
4497 
4498 		if (newitem == NULL)
4499 		    abort = TRUE;
4500 		else
4501 		{
4502 		    newitem->list = ll;
4503 		    newitem->prev = *list_stack;
4504 		    *list_stack = newitem;
4505 		}
4506 	    }
4507 	}
4508     }
4509     else if (tv->v_type == VAR_FUNC)
4510     {
4511 	abort = set_ref_in_func(tv->vval.v_string, NULL, copyID);
4512     }
4513     else if (tv->v_type == VAR_PARTIAL)
4514     {
4515 	partial_T	*pt = tv->vval.v_partial;
4516 	int		i;
4517 
4518 	if (pt != NULL && pt->pt_copyID != copyID)
4519 	{
4520 	    // Didn't see this partial yet.
4521 	    pt->pt_copyID = copyID;
4522 
4523 	    abort = set_ref_in_func(pt->pt_name, pt->pt_func, copyID);
4524 
4525 	    if (pt->pt_dict != NULL)
4526 	    {
4527 		typval_T dtv;
4528 
4529 		dtv.v_type = VAR_DICT;
4530 		dtv.vval.v_dict = pt->pt_dict;
4531 		set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4532 	    }
4533 
4534 	    for (i = 0; i < pt->pt_argc; ++i)
4535 		abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(&pt->pt_argv[i], copyID,
4536 							ht_stack, list_stack);
4537 	    if (pt->pt_funcstack != NULL)
4538 	    {
4539 		typval_T    *stack = pt->pt_funcstack->fs_ga.ga_data;
4540 
4541 		for (i = 0; i < pt->pt_funcstack->fs_ga.ga_len; ++i)
4542 		    abort = abort || set_ref_in_item(stack + i, copyID,
4543 							 ht_stack, list_stack);
4544 	    }
4545 
4546 	}
4547     }
4548 #ifdef FEAT_JOB_CHANNEL
4549     else if (tv->v_type == VAR_JOB)
4550     {
4551 	job_T	    *job = tv->vval.v_job;
4552 	typval_T    dtv;
4553 
4554 	if (job != NULL && job->jv_copyID != copyID)
4555 	{
4556 	    job->jv_copyID = copyID;
4557 	    if (job->jv_channel != NULL)
4558 	    {
4559 		dtv.v_type = VAR_CHANNEL;
4560 		dtv.vval.v_channel = job->jv_channel;
4561 		set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4562 	    }
4563 	    if (job->jv_exit_cb.cb_partial != NULL)
4564 	    {
4565 		dtv.v_type = VAR_PARTIAL;
4566 		dtv.vval.v_partial = job->jv_exit_cb.cb_partial;
4567 		set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4568 	    }
4569 	}
4570     }
4571     else if (tv->v_type == VAR_CHANNEL)
4572     {
4573 	channel_T   *ch =tv->vval.v_channel;
4574 	ch_part_T   part;
4575 	typval_T    dtv;
4576 	jsonq_T	    *jq;
4577 	cbq_T	    *cq;
4578 
4579 	if (ch != NULL && ch->ch_copyID != copyID)
4580 	{
4581 	    ch->ch_copyID = copyID;
4582 	    for (part = PART_SOCK; part < PART_COUNT; ++part)
4583 	    {
4584 		for (jq = ch->ch_part[part].ch_json_head.jq_next; jq != NULL;
4585 							     jq = jq->jq_next)
4586 		    set_ref_in_item(jq->jq_value, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4587 		for (cq = ch->ch_part[part].ch_cb_head.cq_next; cq != NULL;
4588 							     cq = cq->cq_next)
4589 		    if (cq->cq_callback.cb_partial != NULL)
4590 		    {
4591 			dtv.v_type = VAR_PARTIAL;
4592 			dtv.vval.v_partial = cq->cq_callback.cb_partial;
4593 			set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4594 		    }
4595 		if (ch->ch_part[part].ch_callback.cb_partial != NULL)
4596 		{
4597 		    dtv.v_type = VAR_PARTIAL;
4598 		    dtv.vval.v_partial =
4599 				      ch->ch_part[part].ch_callback.cb_partial;
4600 		    set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4601 		}
4602 	    }
4603 	    if (ch->ch_callback.cb_partial != NULL)
4604 	    {
4605 		dtv.v_type = VAR_PARTIAL;
4606 		dtv.vval.v_partial = ch->ch_callback.cb_partial;
4607 		set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4608 	    }
4609 	    if (ch->ch_close_cb.cb_partial != NULL)
4610 	    {
4611 		dtv.v_type = VAR_PARTIAL;
4612 		dtv.vval.v_partial = ch->ch_close_cb.cb_partial;
4613 		set_ref_in_item(&dtv, copyID, ht_stack, list_stack);
4614 	    }
4615 	}
4616     }
4617 #endif
4618     return abort;
4619 }
4620 
4621 /*
4622  * Return a string with the string representation of a variable.
4623  * If the memory is allocated "tofree" is set to it, otherwise NULL.
4624  * "numbuf" is used for a number.
4625  * When "copyID" is not NULL replace recursive lists and dicts with "...".
4626  * When both "echo_style" and "composite_val" are FALSE, put quotes around
4627  * stings as "string()", otherwise does not put quotes around strings, as
4628  * ":echo" displays values.
4629  * When "restore_copyID" is FALSE, repeated items in dictionaries and lists
4630  * are replaced with "...".
4631  * May return NULL.
4632  */
4633     char_u *
4634 echo_string_core(
4635     typval_T	*tv,
4636     char_u	**tofree,
4637     char_u	*numbuf,
4638     int		copyID,
4639     int		echo_style,
4640     int		restore_copyID,
4641     int		composite_val)
4642 {
4643     static int	recurse = 0;
4644     char_u	*r = NULL;
4645 
4646     if (recurse >= DICT_MAXNEST)
4647     {
4648 	if (!did_echo_string_emsg)
4649 	{
4650 	    // Only give this message once for a recursive call to avoid
4651 	    // flooding the user with errors.  And stop iterating over lists
4652 	    // and dicts.
4653 	    did_echo_string_emsg = TRUE;
4654 	    emsg(_("E724: variable nested too deep for displaying"));
4655 	}
4656 	*tofree = NULL;
4657 	return (char_u *)"{E724}";
4658     }
4659     ++recurse;
4660 
4661     switch (tv->v_type)
4662     {
4663 	case VAR_STRING:
4664 	    if (echo_style && !composite_val)
4665 	    {
4666 		*tofree = NULL;
4667 		r = tv->vval.v_string;
4668 		if (r == NULL)
4669 		    r = (char_u *)"";
4670 	    }
4671 	    else
4672 	    {
4673 		*tofree = string_quote(tv->vval.v_string, FALSE);
4674 		r = *tofree;
4675 	    }
4676 	    break;
4677 
4678 	case VAR_FUNC:
4679 	    if (echo_style)
4680 	    {
4681 		*tofree = NULL;
4682 		r = tv->vval.v_string;
4683 	    }
4684 	    else
4685 	    {
4686 		*tofree = string_quote(tv->vval.v_string, TRUE);
4687 		r = *tofree;
4688 	    }
4689 	    break;
4690 
4691 	case VAR_PARTIAL:
4692 	    {
4693 		partial_T   *pt = tv->vval.v_partial;
4694 		char_u	    *fname = string_quote(pt == NULL ? NULL
4695 						    : partial_name(pt), FALSE);
4696 		garray_T    ga;
4697 		int	    i;
4698 		char_u	    *tf;
4699 
4700 		ga_init2(&ga, 1, 100);
4701 		ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)"function(");
4702 		if (fname != NULL)
4703 		{
4704 		    ga_concat(&ga, fname);
4705 		    vim_free(fname);
4706 		}
4707 		if (pt != NULL && pt->pt_argc > 0)
4708 		{
4709 		    ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)", [");
4710 		    for (i = 0; i < pt->pt_argc; ++i)
4711 		    {
4712 			if (i > 0)
4713 			    ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)", ");
4714 			ga_concat(&ga,
4715 			     tv2string(&pt->pt_argv[i], &tf, numbuf, copyID));
4716 			vim_free(tf);
4717 		    }
4718 		    ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)"]");
4719 		}
4720 		if (pt != NULL && pt->pt_dict != NULL)
4721 		{
4722 		    typval_T dtv;
4723 
4724 		    ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)", ");
4725 		    dtv.v_type = VAR_DICT;
4726 		    dtv.vval.v_dict = pt->pt_dict;
4727 		    ga_concat(&ga, tv2string(&dtv, &tf, numbuf, copyID));
4728 		    vim_free(tf);
4729 		}
4730 		ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)")");
4731 
4732 		*tofree = ga.ga_data;
4733 		r = *tofree;
4734 		break;
4735 	    }
4736 
4737 	case VAR_BLOB:
4738 	    r = blob2string(tv->vval.v_blob, tofree, numbuf);
4739 	    break;
4740 
4741 	case VAR_LIST:
4742 	    if (tv->vval.v_list == NULL)
4743 	    {
4744 		// NULL list is equivalent to empty list.
4745 		*tofree = NULL;
4746 		r = (char_u *)"[]";
4747 	    }
4748 	    else if (copyID != 0 && tv->vval.v_list->lv_copyID == copyID
4749 		    && tv->vval.v_list->lv_len > 0)
4750 	    {
4751 		*tofree = NULL;
4752 		r = (char_u *)"[...]";
4753 	    }
4754 	    else
4755 	    {
4756 		int old_copyID = tv->vval.v_list->lv_copyID;
4757 
4758 		tv->vval.v_list->lv_copyID = copyID;
4759 		*tofree = list2string(tv, copyID, restore_copyID);
4760 		if (restore_copyID)
4761 		    tv->vval.v_list->lv_copyID = old_copyID;
4762 		r = *tofree;
4763 	    }
4764 	    break;
4765 
4766 	case VAR_DICT:
4767 	    if (tv->vval.v_dict == NULL)
4768 	    {
4769 		// NULL dict is equivalent to empty dict.
4770 		*tofree = NULL;
4771 		r = (char_u *)"{}";
4772 	    }
4773 	    else if (copyID != 0 && tv->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID == copyID
4774 		    && tv->vval.v_dict->dv_hashtab.ht_used != 0)
4775 	    {
4776 		*tofree = NULL;
4777 		r = (char_u *)"{...}";
4778 	    }
4779 	    else
4780 	    {
4781 		int old_copyID = tv->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID;
4782 
4783 		tv->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID = copyID;
4784 		*tofree = dict2string(tv, copyID, restore_copyID);
4785 		if (restore_copyID)
4786 		    tv->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID = old_copyID;
4787 		r = *tofree;
4788 	    }
4789 	    break;
4790 
4791 	case VAR_NUMBER:
4792 	case VAR_UNKNOWN:
4793 	case VAR_ANY:
4794 	case VAR_VOID:
4795 	    *tofree = NULL;
4796 	    r = tv_get_string_buf(tv, numbuf);
4797 	    break;
4798 
4799 	case VAR_JOB:
4800 	case VAR_CHANNEL:
4801 	    *tofree = NULL;
4802 	    r = tv_get_string_buf(tv, numbuf);
4803 	    if (composite_val)
4804 	    {
4805 		*tofree = string_quote(r, FALSE);
4806 		r = *tofree;
4807 	    }
4808 	    break;
4809 
4810 	case VAR_FLOAT:
4811 #ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
4812 	    *tofree = NULL;
4813 	    vim_snprintf((char *)numbuf, NUMBUFLEN, "%g", tv->vval.v_float);
4814 	    r = numbuf;
4815 	    break;
4816 #endif
4817 
4818 	case VAR_BOOL:
4819 	case VAR_SPECIAL:
4820 	    *tofree = NULL;
4821 	    r = (char_u *)get_var_special_name(tv->vval.v_number);
4822 	    break;
4823     }
4824 
4825     if (--recurse == 0)
4826 	did_echo_string_emsg = FALSE;
4827     return r;
4828 }
4829 
4830 /*
4831  * Return a string with the string representation of a variable.
4832  * If the memory is allocated "tofree" is set to it, otherwise NULL.
4833  * "numbuf" is used for a number.
4834  * Does not put quotes around strings, as ":echo" displays values.
4835  * When "copyID" is not NULL replace recursive lists and dicts with "...".
4836  * May return NULL.
4837  */
4838     char_u *
4839 echo_string(
4840     typval_T	*tv,
4841     char_u	**tofree,
4842     char_u	*numbuf,
4843     int		copyID)
4844 {
4845     return echo_string_core(tv, tofree, numbuf, copyID, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
4846 }
4847 
4848 /*
4849  * Return string "str" in ' quotes, doubling ' characters.
4850  * If "str" is NULL an empty string is assumed.
4851  * If "function" is TRUE make it function('string').
4852  */
4853     char_u *
4854 string_quote(char_u *str, int function)
4855 {
4856     unsigned	len;
4857     char_u	*p, *r, *s;
4858 
4859     len = (function ? 13 : 3);
4860     if (str != NULL)
4861     {
4862 	len += (unsigned)STRLEN(str);
4863 	for (p = str; *p != NUL; MB_PTR_ADV(p))
4864 	    if (*p == '\'')
4865 		++len;
4866     }
4867     s = r = alloc(len);
4868     if (r != NULL)
4869     {
4870 	if (function)
4871 	{
4872 	    STRCPY(r, "function('");
4873 	    r += 10;
4874 	}
4875 	else
4876 	    *r++ = '\'';
4877 	if (str != NULL)
4878 	    for (p = str; *p != NUL; )
4879 	    {
4880 		if (*p == '\'')
4881 		    *r++ = '\'';
4882 		MB_COPY_CHAR(p, r);
4883 	    }
4884 	*r++ = '\'';
4885 	if (function)
4886 	    *r++ = ')';
4887 	*r++ = NUL;
4888     }
4889     return s;
4890 }
4891 
4892 #if defined(FEAT_FLOAT) || defined(PROTO)
4893 /*
4894  * Convert the string "text" to a floating point number.
4895  * This uses strtod().  setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C") has been used to make sure
4896  * this always uses a decimal point.
4897  * Returns the length of the text that was consumed.
4898  */
4899     int
4900 string2float(
4901     char_u	*text,
4902     float_T	*value)	    // result stored here
4903 {
4904     char	*s = (char *)text;
4905     float_T	f;
4906 
4907     // MS-Windows does not deal with "inf" and "nan" properly.
4908     if (STRNICMP(text, "inf", 3) == 0)
4909     {
4910 	*value = INFINITY;
4911 	return 3;
4912     }
4913     if (STRNICMP(text, "-inf", 3) == 0)
4914     {
4915 	*value = -INFINITY;
4916 	return 4;
4917     }
4918     if (STRNICMP(text, "nan", 3) == 0)
4919     {
4920 	*value = NAN;
4921 	return 3;
4922     }
4923     f = strtod(s, &s);
4924     *value = f;
4925     return (int)((char_u *)s - text);
4926 }
4927 #endif
4928 
4929 /*
4930  * Translate a String variable into a position.
4931  * Returns NULL when there is an error.
4932  */
4933     pos_T *
4934 var2fpos(
4935     typval_T	*varp,
4936     int		dollar_lnum,	// TRUE when $ is last line
4937     int		*fnum)		// set to fnum for '0, 'A, etc.
4938 {
4939     char_u		*name;
4940     static pos_T	pos;
4941     pos_T		*pp;
4942 
4943     // Argument can be [lnum, col, coladd].
4944     if (varp->v_type == VAR_LIST)
4945     {
4946 	list_T		*l;
4947 	int		len;
4948 	int		error = FALSE;
4949 	listitem_T	*li;
4950 
4951 	l = varp->vval.v_list;
4952 	if (l == NULL)
4953 	    return NULL;
4954 
4955 	// Get the line number
4956 	pos.lnum = list_find_nr(l, 0L, &error);
4957 	if (error || pos.lnum <= 0 || pos.lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
4958 	    return NULL;	// invalid line number
4959 	len = (long)STRLEN(ml_get(pos.lnum));
4960 
4961 	// Get the column number
4962 	// We accept "$" for the column number: last column.
4963 	li = list_find(l, 1L);
4964 	if (li != NULL && li->li_tv.v_type == VAR_STRING
4965 		&& li->li_tv.vval.v_string != NULL
4966 		&& STRCMP(li->li_tv.vval.v_string, "$") == 0)
4967 	{
4968 	    pos.col = len + 1;
4969 	}
4970 	else
4971 	{
4972 	    pos.col = list_find_nr(l, 1L, &error);
4973 	    if (error)
4974 		return NULL;
4975 	}
4976 
4977 	// Accept a position up to the NUL after the line.
4978 	if (pos.col == 0 || (int)pos.col > len + 1)
4979 	    return NULL;	// invalid column number
4980 	--pos.col;
4981 
4982 	// Get the virtual offset.  Defaults to zero.
4983 	pos.coladd = list_find_nr(l, 2L, &error);
4984 	if (error)
4985 	    pos.coladd = 0;
4986 
4987 	return &pos;
4988     }
4989 
4990     name = tv_get_string_chk(varp);
4991     if (name == NULL)
4992 	return NULL;
4993     if (name[0] == '.')				// cursor
4994 	return &curwin->w_cursor;
4995     if (name[0] == 'v' && name[1] == NUL)	// Visual start
4996     {
4997 	if (VIsual_active)
4998 	    return &VIsual;
4999 	return &curwin->w_cursor;
5000     }
5001     if (name[0] == '\'')			// mark
5002     {
5003 	pp = getmark_buf_fnum(curbuf, name[1], FALSE, fnum);
5004 	if (pp == NULL || pp == (pos_T *)-1 || pp->lnum <= 0)
5005 	    return NULL;
5006 	return pp;
5007     }
5008 
5009     pos.coladd = 0;
5010 
5011     if (name[0] == 'w' && dollar_lnum)
5012     {
5013 	pos.col = 0;
5014 	if (name[1] == '0')		// "w0": first visible line
5015 	{
5016 	    update_topline();
5017 	    // In silent Ex mode topline is zero, but that's not a valid line
5018 	    // number; use one instead.
5019 	    pos.lnum = curwin->w_topline > 0 ? curwin->w_topline : 1;
5020 	    return &pos;
5021 	}
5022 	else if (name[1] == '$')	// "w$": last visible line
5023 	{
5024 	    validate_botline();
5025 	    // In silent Ex mode botline is zero, return zero then.
5026 	    pos.lnum = curwin->w_botline > 0 ? curwin->w_botline - 1 : 0;
5027 	    return &pos;
5028 	}
5029     }
5030     else if (name[0] == '$')		// last column or line
5031     {
5032 	if (dollar_lnum)
5033 	{
5034 	    pos.lnum = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
5035 	    pos.col = 0;
5036 	}
5037 	else
5038 	{
5039 	    pos.lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
5040 	    pos.col = (colnr_T)STRLEN(ml_get_curline());
5041 	}
5042 	return &pos;
5043     }
5044     return NULL;
5045 }
5046 
5047 /*
5048  * Convert list in "arg" into a position and optional file number.
5049  * When "fnump" is NULL there is no file number, only 3 items.
5050  * Note that the column is passed on as-is, the caller may want to decrement
5051  * it to use 1 for the first column.
5052  * Return FAIL when conversion is not possible, doesn't check the position for
5053  * validity.
5054  */
5055     int
5056 list2fpos(
5057     typval_T	*arg,
5058     pos_T	*posp,
5059     int		*fnump,
5060     colnr_T	*curswantp)
5061 {
5062     list_T	*l = arg->vval.v_list;
5063     long	i = 0;
5064     long	n;
5065 
5066     // List must be: [fnum, lnum, col, coladd, curswant], where "fnum" is only
5067     // there when "fnump" isn't NULL; "coladd" and "curswant" are optional.
5068     if (arg->v_type != VAR_LIST
5069 	    || l == NULL
5070 	    || l->lv_len < (fnump == NULL ? 2 : 3)
5071 	    || l->lv_len > (fnump == NULL ? 4 : 5))
5072 	return FAIL;
5073 
5074     if (fnump != NULL)
5075     {
5076 	n = list_find_nr(l, i++, NULL);	// fnum
5077 	if (n < 0)
5078 	    return FAIL;
5079 	if (n == 0)
5080 	    n = curbuf->b_fnum;		// current buffer
5081 	*fnump = n;
5082     }
5083 
5084     n = list_find_nr(l, i++, NULL);	// lnum
5085     if (n < 0)
5086 	return FAIL;
5087     posp->lnum = n;
5088 
5089     n = list_find_nr(l, i++, NULL);	// col
5090     if (n < 0)
5091 	return FAIL;
5092     posp->col = n;
5093 
5094     n = list_find_nr(l, i, NULL);	// off
5095     if (n < 0)
5096 	posp->coladd = 0;
5097     else
5098 	posp->coladd = n;
5099 
5100     if (curswantp != NULL)
5101 	*curswantp = list_find_nr(l, i + 1, NULL);  // curswant
5102 
5103     return OK;
5104 }
5105 
5106 /*
5107  * Get the length of an environment variable name.
5108  * Advance "arg" to the first character after the name.
5109  * Return 0 for error.
5110  */
5111     int
5112 get_env_len(char_u **arg)
5113 {
5114     char_u	*p;
5115     int		len;
5116 
5117     for (p = *arg; vim_isIDc(*p); ++p)
5118 	;
5119     if (p == *arg)	    // no name found
5120 	return 0;
5121 
5122     len = (int)(p - *arg);
5123     *arg = p;
5124     return len;
5125 }
5126 
5127 /*
5128  * Get the length of the name of a function or internal variable.
5129  * "arg" is advanced to after the name.
5130  * Return 0 if something is wrong.
5131  */
5132     int
5133 get_id_len(char_u **arg)
5134 {
5135     char_u	*p;
5136     int		len;
5137 
5138     // Find the end of the name.
5139     for (p = *arg; eval_isnamec(*p); ++p)
5140     {
5141 	if (*p == ':')
5142 	{
5143 	    // "s:" is start of "s:var", but "n:" is not and can be used in
5144 	    // slice "[n:]".  Also "xx:" is not a namespace.
5145 	    len = (int)(p - *arg);
5146 	    if ((len == 1 && vim_strchr(NAMESPACE_CHAR, **arg) == NULL)
5147 		    || len > 1)
5148 		break;
5149 	}
5150     }
5151     if (p == *arg)	    // no name found
5152 	return 0;
5153 
5154     len = (int)(p - *arg);
5155     *arg = p;
5156 
5157     return len;
5158 }
5159 
5160 /*
5161  * Get the length of the name of a variable or function.
5162  * Only the name is recognized, does not handle ".key" or "[idx]".
5163  * "arg" is advanced to the first non-white character after the name.
5164  * Return -1 if curly braces expansion failed.
5165  * Return 0 if something else is wrong.
5166  * If the name contains 'magic' {}'s, expand them and return the
5167  * expanded name in an allocated string via 'alias' - caller must free.
5168  */
5169     int
5170 get_name_len(
5171     char_u	**arg,
5172     char_u	**alias,
5173     int		evaluate,
5174     int		verbose)
5175 {
5176     int		len;
5177     char_u	*p;
5178     char_u	*expr_start;
5179     char_u	*expr_end;
5180 
5181     *alias = NULL;  // default to no alias
5182 
5183     if ((*arg)[0] == K_SPECIAL && (*arg)[1] == KS_EXTRA
5184 						  && (*arg)[2] == (int)KE_SNR)
5185     {
5186 	// hard coded <SNR>, already translated
5187 	*arg += 3;
5188 	return get_id_len(arg) + 3;
5189     }
5190     len = eval_fname_script(*arg);
5191     if (len > 0)
5192     {
5193 	// literal "<SID>", "s:" or "<SNR>"
5194 	*arg += len;
5195     }
5196 
5197     /*
5198      * Find the end of the name; check for {} construction.
5199      */
5200     p = find_name_end(*arg, &expr_start, &expr_end,
5201 					       len > 0 ? 0 : FNE_CHECK_START);
5202     if (expr_start != NULL)
5203     {
5204 	char_u	*temp_string;
5205 
5206 	if (!evaluate)
5207 	{
5208 	    len += (int)(p - *arg);
5209 	    *arg = skipwhite(p);
5210 	    return len;
5211 	}
5212 
5213 	/*
5214 	 * Include any <SID> etc in the expanded string:
5215 	 * Thus the -len here.
5216 	 */
5217 	temp_string = make_expanded_name(*arg - len, expr_start, expr_end, p);
5218 	if (temp_string == NULL)
5219 	    return -1;
5220 	*alias = temp_string;
5221 	*arg = skipwhite(p);
5222 	return (int)STRLEN(temp_string);
5223     }
5224 
5225     len += get_id_len(arg);
5226     // Only give an error when there is something, otherwise it will be
5227     // reported at a higher level.
5228     if (len == 0 && verbose && **arg != NUL)
5229 	semsg(_(e_invexpr2), *arg);
5230 
5231     return len;
5232 }
5233 
5234 /*
5235  * Find the end of a variable or function name, taking care of magic braces.
5236  * If "expr_start" is not NULL then "expr_start" and "expr_end" are set to the
5237  * start and end of the first magic braces item.
5238  * "flags" can have FNE_INCL_BR and FNE_CHECK_START.
5239  * Return a pointer to just after the name.  Equal to "arg" if there is no
5240  * valid name.
5241  */
5242     char_u *
5243 find_name_end(
5244     char_u	*arg,
5245     char_u	**expr_start,
5246     char_u	**expr_end,
5247     int		flags)
5248 {
5249     int		mb_nest = 0;
5250     int		br_nest = 0;
5251     char_u	*p;
5252     int		len;
5253     int		vim9script = in_vim9script();
5254 
5255     if (expr_start != NULL)
5256     {
5257 	*expr_start = NULL;
5258 	*expr_end = NULL;
5259     }
5260 
5261     // Quick check for valid starting character.
5262     if ((flags & FNE_CHECK_START) && !eval_isnamec1(*arg)
5263 						&& (*arg != '{' || vim9script))
5264 	return arg;
5265 
5266     for (p = arg; *p != NUL
5267 		    && (eval_isnamec(*p)
5268 			|| (*p == '{' && !vim9script)
5269 			|| ((flags & FNE_INCL_BR) && (*p == '['
5270 					 || (*p == '.' && eval_isdictc(p[1]))))
5271 			|| mb_nest != 0
5272 			|| br_nest != 0); MB_PTR_ADV(p))
5273     {
5274 	if (*p == '\'')
5275 	{
5276 	    // skip over 'string' to avoid counting [ and ] inside it.
5277 	    for (p = p + 1; *p != NUL && *p != '\''; MB_PTR_ADV(p))
5278 		;
5279 	    if (*p == NUL)
5280 		break;
5281 	}
5282 	else if (*p == '"')
5283 	{
5284 	    // skip over "str\"ing" to avoid counting [ and ] inside it.
5285 	    for (p = p + 1; *p != NUL && *p != '"'; MB_PTR_ADV(p))
5286 		if (*p == '\\' && p[1] != NUL)
5287 		    ++p;
5288 	    if (*p == NUL)
5289 		break;
5290 	}
5291 	else if (br_nest == 0 && mb_nest == 0 && *p == ':')
5292 	{
5293 	    // "s:" is start of "s:var", but "n:" is not and can be used in
5294 	    // slice "[n:]".  Also "xx:" is not a namespace. But {ns}: is.
5295 	    len = (int)(p - arg);
5296 	    if ((len == 1 && vim_strchr(NAMESPACE_CHAR, *arg) == NULL)
5297 		    || (len > 1 && p[-1] != '}'))
5298 		break;
5299 	}
5300 
5301 	if (mb_nest == 0)
5302 	{
5303 	    if (*p == '[')
5304 		++br_nest;
5305 	    else if (*p == ']')
5306 		--br_nest;
5307 	}
5308 
5309 	if (br_nest == 0 && !vim9script)
5310 	{
5311 	    if (*p == '{')
5312 	    {
5313 		mb_nest++;
5314 		if (expr_start != NULL && *expr_start == NULL)
5315 		    *expr_start = p;
5316 	    }
5317 	    else if (*p == '}')
5318 	    {
5319 		mb_nest--;
5320 		if (expr_start != NULL && mb_nest == 0 && *expr_end == NULL)
5321 		    *expr_end = p;
5322 	    }
5323 	}
5324     }
5325 
5326     return p;
5327 }
5328 
5329 /*
5330  * Expands out the 'magic' {}'s in a variable/function name.
5331  * Note that this can call itself recursively, to deal with
5332  * constructs like foo{bar}{baz}{bam}
5333  * The four pointer arguments point to "foo{expre}ss{ion}bar"
5334  *			"in_start"      ^
5335  *			"expr_start"	   ^
5336  *			"expr_end"		 ^
5337  *			"in_end"			    ^
5338  *
5339  * Returns a new allocated string, which the caller must free.
5340  * Returns NULL for failure.
5341  */
5342     static char_u *
5343 make_expanded_name(
5344     char_u	*in_start,
5345     char_u	*expr_start,
5346     char_u	*expr_end,
5347     char_u	*in_end)
5348 {
5349     char_u	c1;
5350     char_u	*retval = NULL;
5351     char_u	*temp_result;
5352 
5353     if (expr_end == NULL || in_end == NULL)
5354 	return NULL;
5355     *expr_start	= NUL;
5356     *expr_end = NUL;
5357     c1 = *in_end;
5358     *in_end = NUL;
5359 
5360     temp_result = eval_to_string(expr_start + 1, FALSE);
5361     if (temp_result != NULL)
5362     {
5363 	retval = alloc(STRLEN(temp_result) + (expr_start - in_start)
5364 						   + (in_end - expr_end) + 1);
5365 	if (retval != NULL)
5366 	{
5367 	    STRCPY(retval, in_start);
5368 	    STRCAT(retval, temp_result);
5369 	    STRCAT(retval, expr_end + 1);
5370 	}
5371     }
5372     vim_free(temp_result);
5373 
5374     *in_end = c1;		// put char back for error messages
5375     *expr_start = '{';
5376     *expr_end = '}';
5377 
5378     if (retval != NULL)
5379     {
5380 	temp_result = find_name_end(retval, &expr_start, &expr_end, 0);
5381 	if (expr_start != NULL)
5382 	{
5383 	    // Further expansion!
5384 	    temp_result = make_expanded_name(retval, expr_start,
5385 						       expr_end, temp_result);
5386 	    vim_free(retval);
5387 	    retval = temp_result;
5388 	}
5389     }
5390 
5391     return retval;
5392 }
5393 
5394 /*
5395  * Return TRUE if character "c" can be used in a variable or function name.
5396  * Does not include '{' or '}' for magic braces.
5397  */
5398     int
5399 eval_isnamec(int c)
5400 {
5401     return ASCII_ISALNUM(c) || c == '_' || c == ':' || c == AUTOLOAD_CHAR;
5402 }
5403 
5404 /*
5405  * Return TRUE if character "c" can be used as the first character in a
5406  * variable or function name (excluding '{' and '}').
5407  */
5408     int
5409 eval_isnamec1(int c)
5410 {
5411     return ASCII_ISALPHA(c) || c == '_';
5412 }
5413 
5414 /*
5415  * Return TRUE if character "c" can be used as the first character of a
5416  * dictionary key.
5417  */
5418     int
5419 eval_isdictc(int c)
5420 {
5421     return ASCII_ISALNUM(c) || c == '_';
5422 }
5423 
5424 /*
5425  * Return the character "str[index]" where "index" is the character index.  If
5426  * "index" is out of range NULL is returned.
5427  */
5428     char_u *
5429 char_from_string(char_u *str, varnumber_T index)
5430 {
5431     size_t	    nbyte = 0;
5432     varnumber_T	    nchar = index;
5433     size_t	    slen;
5434 
5435     if (str == NULL || index < 0)
5436 	return NULL;
5437     slen = STRLEN(str);
5438     while (nchar > 0 && nbyte < slen)
5439     {
5440 	nbyte += MB_CPTR2LEN(str + nbyte);
5441 	--nchar;
5442     }
5443     if (nbyte >= slen)
5444 	return NULL;
5445     return vim_strnsave(str + nbyte, MB_CPTR2LEN(str + nbyte));
5446 }
5447 
5448 /*
5449  * Get the byte index for character index "idx" in string "str" with length
5450  * "str_len".
5451  * If going over the end return "str_len".
5452  * If "idx" is negative count from the end, -1 is the last character.
5453  * When going over the start return -1.
5454  */
5455     static long
5456 char_idx2byte(char_u *str, size_t str_len, varnumber_T idx)
5457 {
5458     varnumber_T nchar = idx;
5459     size_t	nbyte = 0;
5460 
5461     if (nchar >= 0)
5462     {
5463 	while (nchar > 0 && nbyte < str_len)
5464 	{
5465 	    nbyte += MB_CPTR2LEN(str + nbyte);
5466 	    --nchar;
5467 	}
5468     }
5469     else
5470     {
5471 	nbyte = str_len;
5472 	while (nchar < 0 && nbyte > 0)
5473 	{
5474 	    --nbyte;
5475 	    nbyte -= mb_head_off(str, str + nbyte);
5476 	    ++nchar;
5477 	}
5478 	if (nchar < 0)
5479 	    return -1;
5480     }
5481     return (long)nbyte;
5482 }
5483 
5484 /*
5485  * Return the slice "str[first:last]" using character indexes.
5486  * Return NULL when the result is empty.
5487  */
5488     char_u *
5489 string_slice(char_u *str, varnumber_T first, varnumber_T last)
5490 {
5491     long	start_byte, end_byte;
5492     size_t	slen;
5493 
5494     if (str == NULL)
5495 	return NULL;
5496     slen = STRLEN(str);
5497     start_byte = char_idx2byte(str, slen, first);
5498     if (start_byte < 0)
5499 	start_byte = 0; // first index very negative: use zero
5500     if (last == -1)
5501 	end_byte = (long)slen;
5502     else
5503     {
5504 	end_byte = char_idx2byte(str, slen, last);
5505 	if (end_byte >= 0 && end_byte < (long)slen)
5506 	    // end index is inclusive
5507 	    end_byte += MB_CPTR2LEN(str + end_byte);
5508     }
5509 
5510     if (start_byte >= (long)slen || end_byte <= start_byte)
5511 	return NULL;
5512     return vim_strnsave(str + start_byte, end_byte - start_byte);
5513 }
5514 
5515 /*
5516  * Handle:
5517  * - expr[expr], expr[expr:expr] subscript
5518  * - ".name" lookup
5519  * - function call with Funcref variable: func(expr)
5520  * - method call: var->method()
5521  *
5522  * Can all be combined in any order: dict.func(expr)[idx]['func'](expr)->len()
5523  */
5524     int
5525 handle_subscript(
5526     char_u	**arg,
5527     typval_T	*rettv,
5528     evalarg_T	*evalarg,
5529     int		verbose)	// give error messages
5530 {
5531     int		evaluate = evalarg != NULL
5532 				      && (evalarg->eval_flags & EVAL_EVALUATE);
5533     int		ret = OK;
5534     dict_T	*selfdict = NULL;
5535     int		check_white = TRUE;
5536     int		getnext;
5537     char_u	*p;
5538 
5539     while (ret == OK)
5540     {
5541 	// When at the end of the line and ".name" or "->{" or "->X" follows in
5542 	// the next line then consume the line break.
5543 	p = eval_next_non_blank(*arg, evalarg, &getnext);
5544 	if (getnext
5545 	    && ((rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT && *p == '.' && eval_isdictc(p[1]))
5546 		|| (p[0] == '-' && p[1] == '>'
5547 				     && (p[2] == '{' || ASCII_ISALPHA(p[2])))))
5548 	{
5549 	    *arg = eval_next_line(evalarg);
5550 	    p = *arg;
5551 	    check_white = FALSE;
5552 	}
5553 
5554 	if ((**arg == '(' && (!evaluate || rettv->v_type == VAR_FUNC
5555 			    || rettv->v_type == VAR_PARTIAL))
5556 		    && (!check_white || !VIM_ISWHITE(*(*arg - 1))))
5557 	{
5558 	    ret = call_func_rettv(arg, evalarg, rettv, evaluate,
5559 							       selfdict, NULL);
5560 
5561 	    // Stop the expression evaluation when immediately aborting on
5562 	    // error, or when an interrupt occurred or an exception was thrown
5563 	    // but not caught.
5564 	    if (aborting())
5565 	    {
5566 		if (ret == OK)
5567 		    clear_tv(rettv);
5568 		ret = FAIL;
5569 	    }
5570 	    dict_unref(selfdict);
5571 	    selfdict = NULL;
5572 	}
5573 	else if (p[0] == '-' && p[1] == '>')
5574 	{
5575 	    *arg = p;
5576 	    if (ret == OK)
5577 	    {
5578 		if ((*arg)[2] == '{')
5579 		    // expr->{lambda}()
5580 		    ret = eval_lambda(arg, rettv, evalarg, verbose);
5581 		else
5582 		    // expr->name()
5583 		    ret = eval_method(arg, rettv, evalarg, verbose);
5584 	    }
5585 	}
5586 	// "." is ".name" lookup when we found a dict or when evaluating and
5587 	// scriptversion is at least 2, where string concatenation is "..".
5588 	else if (**arg == '['
5589 		|| (**arg == '.' && (rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT
5590 			|| (!evaluate
5591 			    && (*arg)[1] != '.'
5592 			    && current_sctx.sc_version >= 2))))
5593 	{
5594 	    dict_unref(selfdict);
5595 	    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
5596 	    {
5597 		selfdict = rettv->vval.v_dict;
5598 		if (selfdict != NULL)
5599 		    ++selfdict->dv_refcount;
5600 	    }
5601 	    else
5602 		selfdict = NULL;
5603 	    if (eval_index(arg, rettv, evalarg, verbose) == FAIL)
5604 	    {
5605 		clear_tv(rettv);
5606 		ret = FAIL;
5607 	    }
5608 	}
5609 	else
5610 	    break;
5611     }
5612 
5613     // Turn "dict.Func" into a partial for "Func" bound to "dict".
5614     // Don't do this when "Func" is already a partial that was bound
5615     // explicitly (pt_auto is FALSE).
5616     if (selfdict != NULL
5617 	    && (rettv->v_type == VAR_FUNC
5618 		|| (rettv->v_type == VAR_PARTIAL
5619 		    && (rettv->vval.v_partial->pt_auto
5620 			|| rettv->vval.v_partial->pt_dict == NULL))))
5621 	selfdict = make_partial(selfdict, rettv);
5622 
5623     dict_unref(selfdict);
5624     return ret;
5625 }
5626 
5627 /*
5628  * Make a copy of an item.
5629  * Lists and Dictionaries are also copied.  A deep copy if "deep" is set.
5630  * For deepcopy() "copyID" is zero for a full copy or the ID for when a
5631  * reference to an already copied list/dict can be used.
5632  * Returns FAIL or OK.
5633  */
5634     int
5635 item_copy(
5636     typval_T	*from,
5637     typval_T	*to,
5638     int		deep,
5639     int		copyID)
5640 {
5641     static int	recurse = 0;
5642     int		ret = OK;
5643 
5644     if (recurse >= DICT_MAXNEST)
5645     {
5646 	emsg(_("E698: variable nested too deep for making a copy"));
5647 	return FAIL;
5648     }
5649     ++recurse;
5650 
5651     switch (from->v_type)
5652     {
5653 	case VAR_NUMBER:
5654 	case VAR_FLOAT:
5655 	case VAR_STRING:
5656 	case VAR_FUNC:
5657 	case VAR_PARTIAL:
5658 	case VAR_BOOL:
5659 	case VAR_SPECIAL:
5660 	case VAR_JOB:
5661 	case VAR_CHANNEL:
5662 	    copy_tv(from, to);
5663 	    break;
5664 	case VAR_LIST:
5665 	    to->v_type = VAR_LIST;
5666 	    to->v_lock = 0;
5667 	    if (from->vval.v_list == NULL)
5668 		to->vval.v_list = NULL;
5669 	    else if (copyID != 0 && from->vval.v_list->lv_copyID == copyID)
5670 	    {
5671 		// use the copy made earlier
5672 		to->vval.v_list = from->vval.v_list->lv_copylist;
5673 		++to->vval.v_list->lv_refcount;
5674 	    }
5675 	    else
5676 		to->vval.v_list = list_copy(from->vval.v_list, deep, copyID);
5677 	    if (to->vval.v_list == NULL)
5678 		ret = FAIL;
5679 	    break;
5680 	case VAR_BLOB:
5681 	    ret = blob_copy(from->vval.v_blob, to);
5682 	    break;
5683 	case VAR_DICT:
5684 	    to->v_type = VAR_DICT;
5685 	    to->v_lock = 0;
5686 	    if (from->vval.v_dict == NULL)
5687 		to->vval.v_dict = NULL;
5688 	    else if (copyID != 0 && from->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID == copyID)
5689 	    {
5690 		// use the copy made earlier
5691 		to->vval.v_dict = from->vval.v_dict->dv_copydict;
5692 		++to->vval.v_dict->dv_refcount;
5693 	    }
5694 	    else
5695 		to->vval.v_dict = dict_copy(from->vval.v_dict, deep, copyID);
5696 	    if (to->vval.v_dict == NULL)
5697 		ret = FAIL;
5698 	    break;
5699 	case VAR_UNKNOWN:
5700 	case VAR_ANY:
5701 	case VAR_VOID:
5702 	    internal_error_no_abort("item_copy(UNKNOWN)");
5703 	    ret = FAIL;
5704     }
5705     --recurse;
5706     return ret;
5707 }
5708 
5709     void
5710 echo_one(typval_T *rettv, int with_space, int *atstart, int *needclr)
5711 {
5712     char_u	*tofree;
5713     char_u	numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
5714     char_u	*p = echo_string(rettv, &tofree, numbuf, get_copyID());
5715 
5716     if (*atstart)
5717     {
5718 	*atstart = FALSE;
5719 	// Call msg_start() after eval1(), evaluating the expression
5720 	// may cause a message to appear.
5721 	if (with_space)
5722 	{
5723 	    // Mark the saved text as finishing the line, so that what
5724 	    // follows is displayed on a new line when scrolling back
5725 	    // at the more prompt.
5726 	    msg_sb_eol();
5727 	    msg_start();
5728 	}
5729     }
5730     else if (with_space)
5731 	msg_puts_attr(" ", echo_attr);
5732 
5733     if (p != NULL)
5734 	for ( ; *p != NUL && !got_int; ++p)
5735 	{
5736 	    if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\r' || *p == TAB)
5737 	    {
5738 		if (*p != TAB && *needclr)
5739 		{
5740 		    // remove any text still there from the command
5741 		    msg_clr_eos();
5742 		    *needclr = FALSE;
5743 		}
5744 		msg_putchar_attr(*p, echo_attr);
5745 	    }
5746 	    else
5747 	    {
5748 		if (has_mbyte)
5749 		{
5750 		    int i = (*mb_ptr2len)(p);
5751 
5752 		    (void)msg_outtrans_len_attr(p, i, echo_attr);
5753 		    p += i - 1;
5754 		}
5755 		else
5756 		    (void)msg_outtrans_len_attr(p, 1, echo_attr);
5757 	    }
5758 	}
5759     vim_free(tofree);
5760 }
5761 
5762 /*
5763  * ":echo expr1 ..."	print each argument separated with a space, add a
5764  *			newline at the end.
5765  * ":echon expr1 ..."	print each argument plain.
5766  */
5767     void
5768 ex_echo(exarg_T *eap)
5769 {
5770     char_u	*arg = eap->arg;
5771     typval_T	rettv;
5772     char_u	*p;
5773     int		needclr = TRUE;
5774     int		atstart = TRUE;
5775     int		did_emsg_before = did_emsg;
5776     int		called_emsg_before = called_emsg;
5777     evalarg_T	evalarg;
5778 
5779     fill_evalarg_from_eap(&evalarg, eap, eap->skip);
5780 
5781     if (eap->skip)
5782 	++emsg_skip;
5783     while ((!ends_excmd2(eap->cmd, arg) || *arg == '"') && !got_int)
5784     {
5785 	// If eval1() causes an error message the text from the command may
5786 	// still need to be cleared. E.g., "echo 22,44".
5787 	need_clr_eos = needclr;
5788 
5789 	p = arg;
5790 	if (eval1(&arg, &rettv, &evalarg) == FAIL)
5791 	{
5792 	    /*
5793 	     * Report the invalid expression unless the expression evaluation
5794 	     * has been cancelled due to an aborting error, an interrupt, or an
5795 	     * exception.
5796 	     */
5797 	    if (!aborting() && did_emsg == did_emsg_before
5798 					  && called_emsg == called_emsg_before)
5799 		semsg(_(e_invexpr2), p);
5800 	    need_clr_eos = FALSE;
5801 	    break;
5802 	}
5803 	need_clr_eos = FALSE;
5804 
5805 	if (!eap->skip)
5806 	    echo_one(&rettv, eap->cmdidx == CMD_echo, &atstart, &needclr);
5807 
5808 	clear_tv(&rettv);
5809 	arg = skipwhite(arg);
5810     }
5811     eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(arg);
5812     clear_evalarg(&evalarg, eap);
5813 
5814     if (eap->skip)
5815 	--emsg_skip;
5816     else
5817     {
5818 	// remove text that may still be there from the command
5819 	if (needclr)
5820 	    msg_clr_eos();
5821 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echo)
5822 	    msg_end();
5823     }
5824 }
5825 
5826 /*
5827  * ":echohl {name}".
5828  */
5829     void
5830 ex_echohl(exarg_T *eap)
5831 {
5832     echo_attr = syn_name2attr(eap->arg);
5833 }
5834 
5835 /*
5836  * Returns the :echo attribute
5837  */
5838     int
5839 get_echo_attr(void)
5840 {
5841     return echo_attr;
5842 }
5843 
5844 /*
5845  * ":execute expr1 ..."	execute the result of an expression.
5846  * ":echomsg expr1 ..."	Print a message
5847  * ":echoerr expr1 ..."	Print an error
5848  * Each gets spaces around each argument and a newline at the end for
5849  * echo commands
5850  */
5851     void
5852 ex_execute(exarg_T *eap)
5853 {
5854     char_u	*arg = eap->arg;
5855     typval_T	rettv;
5856     int		ret = OK;
5857     char_u	*p;
5858     garray_T	ga;
5859     int		len;
5860 
5861     ga_init2(&ga, 1, 80);
5862 
5863     if (eap->skip)
5864 	++emsg_skip;
5865     while (!ends_excmd2(eap->cmd, arg) || *arg == '"')
5866     {
5867 	ret = eval1_emsg(&arg, &rettv, eap);
5868 	if (ret == FAIL)
5869 	    break;
5870 
5871 	if (!eap->skip)
5872 	{
5873 	    char_u   buf[NUMBUFLEN];
5874 
5875 	    if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_execute)
5876 	    {
5877 		if (rettv.v_type == VAR_CHANNEL || rettv.v_type == VAR_JOB)
5878 		{
5879 		    emsg(_(e_inval_string));
5880 		    p = NULL;
5881 		}
5882 		else
5883 		    p = tv_get_string_buf(&rettv, buf);
5884 	    }
5885 	    else
5886 		p = tv_stringify(&rettv, buf);
5887 	    if (p == NULL)
5888 	    {
5889 		clear_tv(&rettv);
5890 		ret = FAIL;
5891 		break;
5892 	    }
5893 	    len = (int)STRLEN(p);
5894 	    if (ga_grow(&ga, len + 2) == FAIL)
5895 	    {
5896 		clear_tv(&rettv);
5897 		ret = FAIL;
5898 		break;
5899 	    }
5900 	    if (ga.ga_len)
5901 		((char_u *)(ga.ga_data))[ga.ga_len++] = ' ';
5902 	    STRCPY((char_u *)(ga.ga_data) + ga.ga_len, p);
5903 	    ga.ga_len += len;
5904 	}
5905 
5906 	clear_tv(&rettv);
5907 	arg = skipwhite(arg);
5908     }
5909 
5910     if (ret != FAIL && ga.ga_data != NULL)
5911     {
5912 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echomsg || eap->cmdidx == CMD_echoerr)
5913 	{
5914 	    // Mark the already saved text as finishing the line, so that what
5915 	    // follows is displayed on a new line when scrolling back at the
5916 	    // more prompt.
5917 	    msg_sb_eol();
5918 	}
5919 
5920 	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echomsg)
5921 	{
5922 	    msg_attr(ga.ga_data, echo_attr);
5923 	    out_flush();
5924 	}
5925 	else if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echoerr)
5926 	{
5927 	    int		save_did_emsg = did_emsg;
5928 
5929 	    // We don't want to abort following commands, restore did_emsg.
5930 	    emsg(ga.ga_data);
5931 	    if (!force_abort)
5932 		did_emsg = save_did_emsg;
5933 	}
5934 	else if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_execute)
5935 	    do_cmdline((char_u *)ga.ga_data,
5936 		       eap->getline, eap->cookie, DOCMD_NOWAIT|DOCMD_VERBOSE);
5937     }
5938 
5939     ga_clear(&ga);
5940 
5941     if (eap->skip)
5942 	--emsg_skip;
5943 
5944     eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(arg);
5945 }
5946 
5947 /*
5948  * Skip over the name of an option: "&option", "&g:option" or "&l:option".
5949  * "arg" points to the "&" or '+' when called, to "option" when returning.
5950  * Returns NULL when no option name found.  Otherwise pointer to the char
5951  * after the option name.
5952  */
5953     char_u *
5954 find_option_end(char_u **arg, int *opt_flags)
5955 {
5956     char_u	*p = *arg;
5957 
5958     ++p;
5959     if (*p == 'g' && p[1] == ':')
5960     {
5961 	*opt_flags = OPT_GLOBAL;
5962 	p += 2;
5963     }
5964     else if (*p == 'l' && p[1] == ':')
5965     {
5966 	*opt_flags = OPT_LOCAL;
5967 	p += 2;
5968     }
5969     else
5970 	*opt_flags = 0;
5971 
5972     if (!ASCII_ISALPHA(*p))
5973 	return NULL;
5974     *arg = p;
5975 
5976     if (p[0] == 't' && p[1] == '_' && p[2] != NUL && p[3] != NUL)
5977 	p += 4;	    // termcap option
5978     else
5979 	while (ASCII_ISALPHA(*p))
5980 	    ++p;
5981     return p;
5982 }
5983 
5984 /*
5985  * Display script name where an item was last set.
5986  * Should only be invoked when 'verbose' is non-zero.
5987  */
5988     void
5989 last_set_msg(sctx_T script_ctx)
5990 {
5991     char_u *p;
5992 
5993     if (script_ctx.sc_sid != 0)
5994     {
5995 	p = home_replace_save(NULL, get_scriptname(script_ctx.sc_sid));
5996 	if (p != NULL)
5997 	{
5998 	    verbose_enter();
5999 	    msg_puts(_("\n\tLast set from "));
6000 	    msg_puts((char *)p);
6001 	    if (script_ctx.sc_lnum > 0)
6002 	    {
6003 		msg_puts(_(line_msg));
6004 		msg_outnum((long)script_ctx.sc_lnum);
6005 	    }
6006 	    verbose_leave();
6007 	    vim_free(p);
6008 	}
6009     }
6010 }
6011 
6012 #endif // FEAT_EVAL
6013 
6014 /*
6015  * Perform a substitution on "str" with pattern "pat" and substitute "sub".
6016  * When "sub" is NULL "expr" is used, must be a VAR_FUNC or VAR_PARTIAL.
6017  * "flags" can be "g" to do a global substitute.
6018  * Returns an allocated string, NULL for error.
6019  */
6020     char_u *
6021 do_string_sub(
6022     char_u	*str,
6023     char_u	*pat,
6024     char_u	*sub,
6025     typval_T	*expr,
6026     char_u	*flags)
6027 {
6028     int		sublen;
6029     regmatch_T	regmatch;
6030     int		i;
6031     int		do_all;
6032     char_u	*tail;
6033     char_u	*end;
6034     garray_T	ga;
6035     char_u	*ret;
6036     char_u	*save_cpo;
6037     char_u	*zero_width = NULL;
6038 
6039     // Make 'cpoptions' empty, so that the 'l' flag doesn't work here
6040     save_cpo = p_cpo;
6041     p_cpo = empty_option;
6042 
6043     ga_init2(&ga, 1, 200);
6044 
6045     do_all = (flags[0] == 'g');
6046 
6047     regmatch.rm_ic = p_ic;
6048     regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(pat, RE_MAGIC + RE_STRING);
6049     if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
6050     {
6051 	tail = str;
6052 	end = str + STRLEN(str);
6053 	while (vim_regexec_nl(&regmatch, str, (colnr_T)(tail - str)))
6054 	{
6055 	    // Skip empty match except for first match.
6056 	    if (regmatch.startp[0] == regmatch.endp[0])
6057 	    {
6058 		if (zero_width == regmatch.startp[0])
6059 		{
6060 		    // avoid getting stuck on a match with an empty string
6061 		    i = mb_ptr2len(tail);
6062 		    mch_memmove((char_u *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, tail,
6063 								   (size_t)i);
6064 		    ga.ga_len += i;
6065 		    tail += i;
6066 		    continue;
6067 		}
6068 		zero_width = regmatch.startp[0];
6069 	    }
6070 
6071 	    /*
6072 	     * Get some space for a temporary buffer to do the substitution
6073 	     * into.  It will contain:
6074 	     * - The text up to where the match is.
6075 	     * - The substituted text.
6076 	     * - The text after the match.
6077 	     */
6078 	    sublen = vim_regsub(&regmatch, sub, expr, tail, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
6079 	    if (ga_grow(&ga, (int)((end - tail) + sublen -
6080 			    (regmatch.endp[0] - regmatch.startp[0]))) == FAIL)
6081 	    {
6082 		ga_clear(&ga);
6083 		break;
6084 	    }
6085 
6086 	    // copy the text up to where the match is
6087 	    i = (int)(regmatch.startp[0] - tail);
6088 	    mch_memmove((char_u *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, tail, (size_t)i);
6089 	    // add the substituted text
6090 	    (void)vim_regsub(&regmatch, sub, expr, (char_u *)ga.ga_data
6091 					  + ga.ga_len + i, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
6092 	    ga.ga_len += i + sublen - 1;
6093 	    tail = regmatch.endp[0];
6094 	    if (*tail == NUL)
6095 		break;
6096 	    if (!do_all)
6097 		break;
6098 	}
6099 
6100 	if (ga.ga_data != NULL)
6101 	    STRCPY((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, tail);
6102 
6103 	vim_regfree(regmatch.regprog);
6104     }
6105 
6106     ret = vim_strsave(ga.ga_data == NULL ? str : (char_u *)ga.ga_data);
6107     ga_clear(&ga);
6108     if (p_cpo == empty_option)
6109 	p_cpo = save_cpo;
6110     else
6111 	// Darn, evaluating {sub} expression or {expr} changed the value.
6112 	free_string_option(save_cpo);
6113 
6114     return ret;
6115 }
6116