1*version7.txt* For Vim version 7.0aa. Last change: 2004 Sep 06 2 3 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar 5 6 7Welcome to Vim 7! A large number of features has been added. This file 8mentions all the new items, changes to existing features and bug fixes 9compared to Vim 6.x. 10 11See |vi_diff.txt| for an overview of differences between Vi and Vim 7.0. 12See |version4.txt| for differences between Vim 3.x and Vim 4.x. 13See |version5.txt| for differences between Vim 4.x and Vim 5.x. 14See |version6.txt| for differences between Vim 5.x and Vim 6.x. 15 16INCOMPATIBLE CHANGES |incompatible-7| 17 18NEW FEATURES |new-7| 19 20New data types |new-data-types| 21KDE support |new-KDE| 22Various new items |new-items-7| 23 24IMPROVEMENTS |improvements-7| 25 26COMPILE TIME CHANGES |compile-changes-7| 27 28BUG FIXES |bug-fixes-7| 29 30============================================================================== 31INCOMPATIBLE CHANGES *incompatible-7* 32 33These changes are incompatible with previous releases. Check this list if you 34run into a problem when upgrading from Vim 6.x to 7.0 35 36":helpgrep" now uses a help window to display a match. 37 38 39Minor incompatibilities: 40 41For filetype detection: For many types, instead of ~/.dir/filename use 42*/.dir/filename, so that it also works for other user's files. 43 44":0verbose" now sets 'verbose' to zero instead of one. 45 46Removed the old and incomplete "VimBuddy" code. 47 48Buffers without a name report "No Name" instead of "No File". It was 49confusing for buffers with a name and 'buftype' set to "nofile". 50 51============================================================================== 52NEW FEATURES *new-7* 53 54New data types *new-data-types* 55-------------- 56 57In Vim scripts the following types have been added: 58 59 list ordered list of items 60 dictionary associative array of items 61 function reference to a function 62 63Many functions and commands have been added to support the new types. 64 65NOT IMPLEMENTED YET! 66 67 68KDE support *new-KDE* 69----------- 70 71Kvim is the KDE version of Vim. It uses the Qt toolkit. See |KVim|. 72(Thomas Capricelli, Philippe Fremy, Mickael Marchand, Mark Westcott, et al.) 73 74 75MzScheme interface *new-MzScheme* 76------------------ 77 78The MzScheme interpreter is supported. |MzScheme| 79The |:mzscheme| command can be used to execute MzScheme commands. 80The |:mzfile| command can be used to execute an MzScheme script file. 81 82Printing multi-byte text *new-print-multi-byte* 83------------------ 84 85The |:hardcopy| command now supports printing multi-byte characters. 86The 'printmbcharset' and 'printmbfont' options are used for this. 87Also see |postscript-cjk-printing|. (Mike Williams) 88 89 90Various new items *new-items-7* 91----------------- 92 93Normal mode commands: ~ 94 95a", a' and a` New text objects to select quoted strings. |a'| 96i", i' and i' (Taro Muraoka) 97 98Options: ~ 99 100'completefunc' The name of a function used for user-specified Insert 101 mode completion. CTRL-X CTRL-U can be used in Insert 102 mode to do any kind of completion. (Taro Muraoka) 103'quoteescape' Characters used to escape quotes inside a string. 104 Used for the a", a' and a` text objects. |a'| 105'numberwidth' Minimal width of the space used for the 'number' 106 option. (Emmanuel Renieris) 107'mzquantum' Time in msec to schedule MzScheme threads. 108'printmbcharset' CJK character set to be used for :hardcopy 109'printmbfont' font names to be used for CJK output of :hardcopy 110 111 112Ex commands: ~ 113 114Win32: The ":winpos" command now also works in the console. (Vipin Aravind) 115 116|:startreplace| Start Replace mode. (Charles Campbell) 117 118|:0file| Removes the name of the buffer. (Charles Campbell) 119 120|:diffoff| Switch off diff mode in the current window or in all 121 windows. 122 123|:keepalt| Do not change the alternate file. 124 125 126New functions: ~ 127 128byteidx(expr, nr) |byteidx()| Index of a character. (Ilya Sher) 129finddir(name) |finddir()| Find a directory in 'path'. 130findfile(name) |findfile()| Find a file in 'path'. (Johannes 131 Zellner) 132getfperm(fname) |getfperm()| Get file permission string. (Nikolai 133 Weibull) 134getftype(fname) |getftype()| Get type of file. (Nikolai Weibull) 135repeat(expr, count) |repeat()| Repeat "expr" "count" times. 136 (Christophe Poucet) 137tr(expr, from, to) |tr()| Translate characters. (Ron Aaron) 138 139 140New autocommand events: ~ 141 142|InsertEnter| starting Insert or Replace mode 143|InsertChange| going from Insert to Replace mode or back 144|InsertLeave| leaving Insert or Replace mode 145 146|ColorScheme| after loading a color scheme 147 148 149New Syntax/Indent/FTplugin files: ~ 150 151MuPAD source syntax, indent and ftplugin. (Dave Silvia) 152 153ABAB/4 syntax file. (Marius van Wyk) 154 155SQL-Informix syntax file. (Dean L Hill) 156 157PHP compiler plugin. (Doug Kearns) 158 159 160New message translations: ~ 161 162The Ukranian messages are now also available in cp1251. 163 164 165Others: ~ 166 167Mac: Add the selection type to the clipboard, so that Block, line and 168character selections can be used between two Vims. (Eckehard Berns) 169Also fixes the problem that setting 'clipboard' to "unnamed" breaks using 170"yyp". 171 172Mac: GUI font selector. (Peter "Rain Dog" Cucka) 173 174The netrw plugin now also supports viewing a directory, when "scp://" is used. 175Deleting and renaming files is possible. (Charles Campbell) 176 177============================================================================== 178IMPROVEMENTS *improvements-7* 179 180":helpgrep" accepts a language specifier after the pattern: "pat@it". 181 182Move the help for printing to a separate help file. It's quite a lot now. 183 184":breakadd here" and ":breakdel here" can be used to set or delete a 185breakpoint at the cursor. 186 187The tutor was updated to make it simpler to use and added text to explain a 188few more important commands. Used ideas from Gabriel Zachmann. 189 190Unix: When libcall() fails obtain an error message with dlerror() and display 191it. (Johannes Zellner) 192 193Added "nbsp" in 'listchars'. (David Blanchet) 194 195Added the "acwrite" value for the 'buftype' option. This is for a buffer that 196doesn not have a name that refers to a file and is written with BufWriteCmd 197autocommands. 198 199For lisp indenting and matching parenthesis: (Sergey Khorev) 200- square brackets are recognized properly 201- #\(, #\), #\[ and #\] are recognized as character literals 202- Lisp line comments (delimited by semicolon) are recognized 203 204Added the "count" argument to match(), matchend() and matchstr(). (Ilya Sher) 205 206winnr() takes an optional "$" and "#" arguments. (Nikolai Weibull, Yegappan 207Lakshmanan) 208 209Added 'n' flag to search(): don't move the cursor. (Nikolai Weibull) 210 211When uncompressing fails in the gzip plugin, give an error message but don't 212delete the raw text. Helps if the file has a .gz extension but is not 213actually compressed. (Andrew Pimlott) 214 215When C, C++ or IDL syntax is used, may additionally load doxygen syntax. 216Also support setting the filetype to "cdoxygen" for C plus doxygen syntax. 217(Michael Geddes) 218 219The ":registers" command now displays multi-byte characters properly. 220 221VMS: In the usage message mention that a slash can be used to make a flag 222upper case. Add color support to the builtin vt320 terminal codes. 223(Zoltan Arpadffy) 224 225For the '%' item in 'viminfo', allow a number to set a maximum for the number 226of buffers. 227 228============================================================================== 229COMPILE TIME CHANGES *compile-changes-7* 230 231Mac: "make" now creates the Vim.app directory and "make install" copies it to 232its final destination. (Raf) 233 234Mac: Made it possible to compile with Motif, Athena or GTK without tricks and 235still being able to use the MacRoman conversion. Added the os_mac_conv.c 236file. 237 238============================================================================== 239BUG FIXES *bug-fixes-7* 240 241When using PostScript printing on MS-DOS the default 'printexpr' used "lpr" 242instead of "copy". When 'printdevice' was empty the copy command did not 243work. Use "LPT1" then. 244 245The GTK font dialog uses a font size zero when the font name doesn't include a 246size. Use a default size of 10. 247 248This example in the documentation didn't work: 249 :e `=foo . ".c" ` 250Skip over the expression in `=expr` when looking for comments, |, % and #. 251 252When ":helpgrep" doesn't find anything there is no error message. 253 254"L" and "H" did not take closed folds into account. 255 256Win32: The "-P title" argument stopped at the first title that matched, even 257when it doesn't support MDI. 258 259Mac GUI: CTRL-^ and CTRL-@ did not work. 260 261"2daw" on "word." at the end of a line didn't include the preceding white 262space. 263 264Win32: Using FindExecutable() doesn't work to find a program. Use 265SearchPath() instead. For executable() use $PATHEXT when the program searched 266for doesn't have an extension. 267 268When 'virtualedit' is set, moving the cursor up after appending a character 269may move it to a different column. Was caused by auto-formatting moving the 270cursor and not putting it back where it was. 271 272When indent was added automatically and then moving the cursor, the indent was 273not deleted (like when pressing ESC). The "I" flag in 'cpoptions' can be used 274to make it work the old way. 275 276When opening a command-line window, 'textwidth' gets set to 78 by the Vim 277filetype plugin. Reset 'textwidth' to 0 to avoid lines are broken. 278 279After using cursor(line, col) moving up/down doesn't keep the same column. 280 281Win32: Borland C before 5.5 requires using ".u." for LowPart and HighPart 282fields. (Walter Briscoe) 283 284On Sinix SYS_NMLN isn't always defined. Define it ourselves. (Cristiano De 285Michele) 286 287Printing with PostScript may keep the printer waiting for more. Append a 288CTRL-D to the printer output. (Mike Williams) 289 290When converting a string with a hex or octal number the leading '-' was 291ignored. ":echo '-05' + 0" resulted in 5 instead of -5. 292 293Using "@:" to repeat a command line didn't work when it contains control 294characters. 295 296When using file completion for a user command, it would not expand environment 297variables like for a regular command with a file argument. 298 299'cindent': When the argument of a #define looks like a C++ class the next line 300is indented too much. 301 302When 'comments' includes multi-byte characters inserting the middle part and 303alignment may go wrong. 'cindent' also suffers from this for right-aligned 304items. 305 306The default for 'helplang' was "zh" for both "zh_cn" and "zh_tw". Now use 307"cn" or "tw" as intended. 308 309When 'bin' is set and 'eol' is not set then line2byte() added the line break 310after the last line while it's not there. 311 312Using foldlevel() in a WinEnter autocommand may not work. Noticed when 313resizing the GUI shell upon startup. 314 315Python: Using buffer.append(f.readlines()) didn't work. Allow appending a 316string with a trailing newline. The newline is ignored. 317 318When using the ":saveas f2" command for buffer "f1", the Buffers menu would 319contain "f2" twice, one of them leading to "f1". Also trigger the BufFilePre 320and BufFilePost events for the alternate buffer that gets the old name. 321 322strridx() did not work well when the needle is empty. (Ciaran McCreesh) 323 324GTK: Avoid a potential hang in gui_mch_wait_for_chars() when input arrives 325just before it is invoked 326 327VMS: Occasionally CR characters were inserted in the file. Expansion of 328environment variables was not correct. (Zoltan Arpadffy) 329 330UTF-8: When 'delcombine' is set "dw" only deleted the last combining character 331from the first character of the word. 332 333When using ":sball" in an autocommand only the filetype in one buffer was 334detected. Reset did_filetype in enter_buffer(). 335 336When using ":argdo" and the window already was at the first argument index, 337but not actually editing it, the current buffer would be used instead. 338 339When ":next dir/*" includes many matches, adding the names to the argument 340list may take an awful lot of time and can't be interrupted. Allow 341interrupting this. 342 343When editing a file that was already loaded in a buffer, modelines were not 344used. Now window-local options in the modeline are set. Buffer-local options 345and global options remain unmodified. 346 347Win32: When 'encoding' is set to "utf-8" in the vimrc file, files from the 348command line with non-ASCII characters are not used correctly. Recode the 349file names when 'encoding' is set, using the Unicode command line. 350 351 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: 352