1*various.txt* For Vim version 7.4. Last change: 2015 Nov 15 2 3 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar 5 6 7Various commands *various* 8 91. Various commands |various-cmds| 102. Using Vim like less or more |less| 11 12============================================================================== 131. Various commands *various-cmds* 14 15 *CTRL-L* 16CTRL-L Clear and redraw the screen. The redraw may happen 17 later, after processing typeahead. 18 19 *:redr* *:redraw* 20:redr[aw][!] Redraw the screen right now. When ! is included it is 21 cleared first. 22 Useful to update the screen halfway executing a script 23 or function. Also when halfway a mapping and 24 'lazyredraw' is set. 25 26 *:redraws* *:redrawstatus* 27:redraws[tatus][!] Redraw the status line of the current window. When ! 28 is included all status lines are redrawn. 29 Useful to update the status line(s) when 'statusline' 30 includes an item that doesn't cause automatic 31 updating. 32 33 *N<Del>* 34<Del> When entering a number: Remove the last digit. 35 Note: if you like to use <BS> for this, add this 36 mapping to your .vimrc: > 37 :map CTRL-V <BS> CTRL-V <Del> 38< See |:fixdel| if your <Del> key does not do what you 39 want. 40 41:as[cii] or *ga* *:as* *:ascii* 42ga Print the ascii value of the character under the 43 cursor in decimal, hexadecimal and octal. For 44 example, when the cursor is on a 'R': 45 <R> 82, Hex 52, Octal 122 ~ 46 When the character is a non-standard ASCII character, 47 but printable according to the 'isprint' option, the 48 non-printable version is also given. When the 49 character is larger than 127, the <M-x> form is also 50 printed. For example: 51 <~A> <M-^A> 129, Hex 81, Octal 201 ~ 52 <p> <|~> <M-~> 254, Hex fe, Octal 376 ~ 53 (where <p> is a special character) 54 The <Nul> character in a file is stored internally as 55 <NL>, but it will be shown as: 56 <^@> 0, Hex 00, Octal 000 ~ 57 If the character has composing characters these are 58 also shown. The value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter. 59 Mnemonic: Get Ascii value. {not in Vi} 60 61 *g8* 62g8 Print the hex values of the bytes used in the 63 character under the cursor, assuming it is in |UTF-8| 64 encoding. This also shows composing characters. The 65 value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter. 66 Example of a character with two composing characters: 67 e0 b8 81 + e0 b8 b9 + e0 b9 89 ~ 68 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte| 69 feature} 70 71 *8g8* 728g8 Find an illegal UTF-8 byte sequence at or after the 73 cursor. This works in two situations: 74 1. when 'encoding' is any 8-bit encoding 75 2. when 'encoding' is "utf-8" and 'fileencoding' is 76 any 8-bit encoding 77 Thus it can be used when editing a file that was 78 supposed to be UTF-8 but was read as if it is an 8-bit 79 encoding because it contains illegal bytes. 80 Does not wrap around the end of the file. 81 Note that when the cursor is on an illegal byte or the 82 cursor is halfway a multi-byte character the command 83 won't move the cursor. 84 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte| 85 feature} 86 87 *:p* *:pr* *:print* *E749* 88:[range]p[rint] [flags] 89 Print [range] lines (default current line). 90 Note: If you are looking for a way to print your text 91 on paper see |:hardcopy|. In the GUI you can use the 92 File.Print menu entry. 93 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 94 95:[range]p[rint] {count} [flags] 96 Print {count} lines, starting with [range] (default 97 current line |cmdline-ranges|). 98 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 99 100 *:P* *:Print* 101:[range]P[rint] [count] [flags] 102 Just as ":print". Was apparently added to Vi for 103 people that keep the shift key pressed too long... 104 Note: A user command can overrule this command. 105 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 106 107 *:l* *:list* 108:[range]l[ist] [count] [flags] 109 Same as :print, but display unprintable characters 110 with '^' and put $ after the line. This can be 111 further changed with the 'listchars' option. 112 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 113 114 *:nu* *:number* 115:[range]nu[mber] [count] [flags] 116 Same as :print, but precede each line with its line 117 number. (See also 'highlight' and 'numberwidth' 118 option). 119 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 120 121 *:#* 122:[range]# [count] [flags] 123 synonym for :number. 124 125 *:#!* 126:#!{anything} Ignored, so that you can start a Vim script with: > 127 #!vim -S 128 echo "this is a Vim script" 129 quit 130< 131 *:z* *E144* 132:{range}z[+-^.=]{count} Display several lines of text surrounding the line 133 specified with {range}, or around the current line 134 if there is no {range}. If there is a {count}, that's 135 how many lines you'll see; if there is only one window 136 then twice the value of the 'scroll' option is used, 137 otherwise the current window height minus 3 is used. 138 139 If there is a {count} the 'window' option is set to 140 its value. 141 142 :z can be used either alone or followed by any of 143 several punctuation marks. These have the following 144 effect: 145 146 mark first line last line new cursor line ~ 147 ---- ---------- --------- ------------ 148 + current line 1 scr forward 1 scr forward 149 - 1 scr back current line current line 150 ^ 2 scr back 1 scr back 1 scr back 151 . 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd 1/2 scr fwd 152 = 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd current line 153 154 Specifying no mark at all is the same as "+". 155 If the mark is "=", a line of dashes is printed 156 around the current line. 157 158:{range}z#[+-^.=]{count} *:z#* 159 Like ":z", but number the lines. 160 {not in all versions of Vi, not with these arguments} 161 162 *:=* 163:= [flags] Print the last line number. 164 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 165 166:{range}= [flags] Prints the last line number in {range}. For example, 167 this prints the current line number: > 168 :.= 169< See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 170 171:norm[al][!] {commands} *:norm* *:normal* 172 Execute Normal mode commands {commands}. This makes 173 it possible to execute Normal mode commands typed on 174 the command-line. {commands} are executed like they 175 are typed. For undo all commands are undone together. 176 Execution stops when an error is encountered. 177 178 If the [!] is given, mappings will not be used. 179 Without it, when this command is called from a 180 non-remappable mapping (|:noremap|), the argument can 181 be mapped anyway. 182 183 {commands} should be a complete command. If 184 {commands} does not finish a command, the last one 185 will be aborted as if <Esc> or <C-C> was typed. 186 This implies that an insert command must be completed 187 (to start Insert mode, see |:startinsert|). A ":" 188 command must be completed as well. And you can't use 189 "Q" or "gQ" to start Ex mode. 190 191 The display is not updated while ":normal" is busy. 192 193 {commands} cannot start with a space. Put a count of 194 1 (one) before it, "1 " is one space. 195 196 The 'insertmode' option is ignored for {commands}. 197 198 This command cannot be followed by another command, 199 since any '|' is considered part of the command. 200 201 This command can be used recursively, but the depth is 202 limited by 'maxmapdepth'. 203 204 An alternative is to use |:execute|, which uses an 205 expression as argument. This allows the use of 206 printable characters to represent special characters. 207 208 Example: > 209 :exe "normal \<c-w>\<c-w>" 210< {not in Vi, of course} 211 {not available when the |+ex_extra| feature was 212 disabled at compile time} 213 214:{range}norm[al][!] {commands} *:normal-range* 215 Execute Normal mode commands {commands} for each line 216 in the {range}. Before executing the {commands}, the 217 cursor is positioned in the first column of the range, 218 for each line. Otherwise it's the same as the 219 ":normal" command without a range. 220 {not in Vi} 221 {not available when |+ex_extra| feature was disabled 222 at compile time} 223 224 *:sh* *:shell* *E371* 225:sh[ell] This command starts a shell. When the shell exits 226 (after the "exit" command) you return to Vim. The 227 name for the shell command comes from 'shell' option. 228 *E360* 229 Note: This doesn't work when Vim on the Amiga was 230 started in QuickFix mode from a compiler, because the 231 compiler will have set stdin to a non-interactive 232 mode. 233 234 *:!cmd* *:!* *E34* 235:!{cmd} Execute {cmd} with the shell. See also the 'shell' 236 and 'shelltype' option. 237 238 Any '!' in {cmd} is replaced with the previous 239 external command (see also 'cpoptions'). But not when 240 there is a backslash before the '!', then that 241 backslash is removed. Example: ":!ls" followed by 242 ":!echo ! \! \\!" executes "echo ls ! \!". 243 244 A '|' in {cmd} is passed to the shell, you cannot use 245 it to append a Vim command. See |:bar|. 246 247 If {cmd} contains "%" it is expanded to the current 248 file name. Special characters are not escaped, use 249 quotes to avoid their special meaning: > 250 :!ls "%" 251< If the file name contains a "$" single quotes might 252 work better (but a single quote causes trouble): > 253 :!ls '%' 254< This should always work, but it's more typing: > 255 :exe "!ls " . shellescape(expand("%")) 256< 257 A newline character ends {cmd}, what follows is 258 interpreted as a following ":" command. However, if 259 there is a backslash before the newline it is removed 260 and {cmd} continues. It doesn't matter how many 261 backslashes are before the newline, only one is 262 removed. 263 264 On Unix the command normally runs in a non-interactive 265 shell. If you want an interactive shell to be used 266 (to use aliases) set 'shellcmdflag' to "-ic". 267 For Win32 also see |:!start|. 268 269 After the command has been executed, the timestamp and 270 size of the current file is checked |timestamp|. 271 272 Vim redraws the screen after the command is finished, 273 because it may have printed any text. This requires a 274 hit-enter prompt, so that you can read any messages. 275 To avoid this use: > 276 :silent !{cmd} 277< The screen is not redrawn then, thus you have to use 278 CTRL-L or ":redraw!" if the command did display 279 something. 280 Also see |shell-window|. 281 282 *:!!* 283:!! Repeat last ":!{cmd}". 284 285 *:ve* *:version* 286:ve[rsion] Print the version number of the editor. If the 287 compiler used understands "__DATE__" the compilation 288 date is mentioned. Otherwise a fixed release-date is 289 shown. 290 The following lines contain information about which 291 features were enabled when Vim was compiled. When 292 there is a preceding '+', the feature is included, 293 when there is a '-' it is excluded. To change this, 294 you have to edit feature.h and recompile Vim. 295 To check for this in an expression, see |has()|. 296 Here is an overview of the features. 297 The first column shows the smallest version in which 298 they are included: 299 T tiny 300 S small 301 N normal 302 B big 303 H huge 304 m manually enabled or depends on other features 305 (none) system dependent 306 Thus if a feature is marked with "N", it is included 307 in the normal, big and huge versions of Vim. 308 309 *+feature-list* 310 *+acl* |ACL| support included 311 *+ARP* Amiga only: ARP support included 312B *+arabic* |Arabic| language support 313N *+autocmd* |:autocmd|, automatic commands 314m *+balloon_eval* |balloon-eval| support. Included when compiling with 315 supported GUI (Motif, GTK, GUI) and either 316 Netbeans/Sun Workshop integration or |+eval| feature. 317N *+browse* |:browse| command 318N *+builtin_terms* some terminals builtin |builtin-terms| 319B *++builtin_terms* maximal terminals builtin |builtin-terms| 320N *+byte_offset* support for 'o' flag in 'statusline' option, "go" 321 and ":goto" commands. 322N *+cindent* |'cindent'|, C indenting 323N *+clientserver* Unix and Win32: Remote invocation |clientserver| 324 *+clipboard* |clipboard| support 325N *+cmdline_compl* command line completion |cmdline-completion| 326N *+cmdline_hist* command line history |cmdline-history| 327N *+cmdline_info* |'showcmd'| and |'ruler'| 328N *+comments* |'comments'| support 329B *+conceal* "conceal" support, see |conceal| |:syn-conceal| etc. 330N *+cryptv* encryption support |encryption| 331B *+cscope* |cscope| support 332m *+cursorbind* |'cursorbind'| support 333m *+cursorshape* |termcap-cursor-shape| support 334m *+debug* Compiled for debugging. 335N *+dialog_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI dialog. 336N *+dialog_con* Support for |:confirm| with console dialog. 337N *+dialog_con_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI and console dialog. 338N *+diff* |vimdiff| and 'diff' 339N *+digraphs* |digraphs| *E196* 340m *+directx* Win32 GUI only: DirectX and |'renderoptions'| 341 *+dnd* Support for DnD into the "~ register |quote_~|. 342B *+emacs_tags* |emacs-tags| files 343N *+eval* expression evaluation |eval.txt| 344N *+ex_extra* Vim's extra Ex commands: |:center|, |:left|, 345 |:normal|, |:retab| and |:right| 346N *+extra_search* |'hlsearch'| and |'incsearch'| options. 347B *+farsi* |farsi| language 348N *+file_in_path* |gf|, |CTRL-W_f| and |<cfile>| 349N *+find_in_path* include file searches: |[I|, |:isearch|, 350 |CTRL-W_CTRL-I|, |:checkpath|, etc. 351N *+folding* |folding| 352 *+footer* |gui-footer| 353 *+fork* Unix only: |fork| shell commands 354 *+float* Floating point support 355N *+gettext* message translations |multi-lang| 356 *+GUI_Athena* Unix only: Athena |GUI| 357 *+GUI_neXtaw* Unix only: neXtaw |GUI| 358 *+GUI_GTK* Unix only: GTK+ |GUI| 359 *+GUI_Motif* Unix only: Motif |GUI| 360 *+GUI_Photon* QNX only: Photon |GUI| 361m *+hangul_input* Hangul input support |hangul| 362 *+iconv* Compiled with the |iconv()| function 363 *+iconv/dyn* Likewise |iconv-dynamic| |/dyn| 364N *+insert_expand* |insert_expand| Insert mode completion 365N *+jumplist* |jumplist| 366B *+keymap* |'keymap'| 367B *+langmap* |'langmap'| 368N *+libcall* |libcall()| 369N *+linebreak* |'linebreak'|, |'breakat'| and |'showbreak'| 370N *+lispindent* |'lisp'| 371N *+listcmds* Vim commands for the list of buffers |buffer-hidden| 372 and argument list |:argdelete| 373N *+localmap* Support for mappings local to a buffer |:map-local| 374m *+lua* |Lua| interface 375m *+lua/dyn* |Lua| interface |/dyn| 376N *+menu* |:menu| 377N *+mksession* |:mksession| 378N *+modify_fname* |filename-modifiers| 379N *+mouse* Mouse handling |mouse-using| 380N *+mouseshape* |'mouseshape'| 381B *+mouse_dec* Unix only: Dec terminal mouse handling |dec-mouse| 382N *+mouse_gpm* Unix only: Linux console mouse handling |gpm-mouse| 383N *+mouse_jsbterm* JSB mouse handling |jsbterm-mouse| 384B *+mouse_netterm* Unix only: netterm mouse handling |netterm-mouse| 385N *+mouse_pterm* QNX only: pterm mouse handling |qnx-terminal| 386N *+mouse_sysmouse* Unix only: *BSD console mouse handling |sysmouse| 387B *+mouse_sgr* Unix only: sgr mouse handling |sgr-mouse| 388B *+mouse_urxvt* Unix only: urxvt mouse handling |urxvt-mouse| 389N *+mouse_xterm* Unix only: xterm mouse handling |xterm-mouse| 390N *+multi_byte* 16 and 32 bit characters |multibyte| 391 *+multi_byte_ime* Win32 input method for multibyte chars |multibyte-ime| 392N *+multi_lang* non-English language support |multi-lang| 393m *+mzscheme* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme| 394m *+mzscheme/dyn* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme-dynamic| |/dyn| 395m *+netbeans_intg* |netbeans| 396m *+ole* Win32 GUI only: |ole-interface| 397N *+path_extra* Up/downwards search in 'path' and 'tags' 398m *+perl* Perl interface |perl| 399m *+perl/dyn* Perl interface |perl-dynamic| |/dyn| 400N *+persistent_undo* Persistent undo |undo-persistence| 401 *+postscript* |:hardcopy| writes a PostScript file 402N *+printer* |:hardcopy| command 403H *+profile* |:profile| command 404m *+python* Python 2 interface |python| 405m *+python/dyn* Python 2 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn| 406m *+python3* Python 3 interface |python| 407m *+python3/dyn* Python 3 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn| 408N *+quickfix* |:make| and |quickfix| commands 409N *+reltime* |reltime()| function, 'hlsearch'/'incsearch' timeout, 410 'redrawtime' option 411B *+rightleft* Right to left typing |'rightleft'| 412m *+ruby* Ruby interface |ruby| 413m *+ruby/dyn* Ruby interface |ruby-dynamic| |/dyn| 414N *+scrollbind* |'scrollbind'| 415B *+signs* |:sign| 416N *+smartindent* |'smartindent'| 417m *+sniff* SniFF interface |sniff| 418N *+startuptime* |--startuptime| argument 419N *+statusline* Options 'statusline', 'rulerformat' and special 420 formats of 'titlestring' and 'iconstring' 421m *+sun_workshop* |workshop| 422N *+syntax* Syntax highlighting |syntax| 423 *+system()* Unix only: opposite of |+fork| 424N *+tag_binary* binary searching in tags file |tag-binary-search| 425N *+tag_old_static* old method for static tags |tag-old-static| 426m *+tag_any_white* any white space allowed in tags file |tag-any-white| 427m *+tcl* Tcl interface |tcl| 428m *+tcl/dyn* Tcl interface |tcl-dynamic| |/dyn| 429 *+terminfo* uses |terminfo| instead of termcap 430N *+termresponse* support for |t_RV| and |v:termresponse| 431N *+textobjects* |text-objects| selection 432 *+tgetent* non-Unix only: able to use external termcap 433N *+title* Setting the window 'title' and 'icon' 434N *+toolbar* |gui-toolbar| 435N *+user_commands* User-defined commands. |user-commands| 436N *+viminfo* |'viminfo'| 437N *+vertsplit* Vertically split windows |:vsplit| 438N *+virtualedit* |'virtualedit'| 439S *+visual* Visual mode |Visual-mode| Always enabled since 7.4.200. 440N *+visualextra* extra Visual mode commands |blockwise-operators| 441N *+vreplace* |gR| and |gr| 442N *+wildignore* |'wildignore'| 443N *+wildmenu* |'wildmenu'| 444S *+windows* more than one window 445m *+writebackup* |'writebackup'| is default on 446m *+xim* X input method |xim| 447 *+xfontset* X fontset support |xfontset| 448 *+xpm* pixmap support 449m *+xpm_w32* Win32 GUI only: pixmap support |w32-xpm-support| 450 *+xsmp* XSMP (X session management) support 451 *+xsmp_interact* interactive XSMP (X session management) support 452N *+xterm_clipboard* Unix only: xterm clipboard handling 453m *+xterm_save* save and restore xterm screen |xterm-screens| 454N *+X11* Unix only: can restore window title |X11| 455 456 */dyn* *E370* *E448* 457 To some of the features "/dyn" is added when the 458 feature is only available when the related library can 459 be dynamically loaded. 460 461:ve[rsion] {nr} Is now ignored. This was previously used to check the 462 version number of a .vimrc file. It was removed, 463 because you can now use the ":if" command for 464 version-dependent behavior. {not in Vi} 465 466 *:redi* *:redir* 467:redi[r][!] > {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. The messages which 468 are the output of commands are written to that file, 469 until redirection ends. The messages are also still 470 shown on the screen. When [!] is included, an 471 existing file is overwritten. When [!] is omitted, 472 and {file} exists, this command fails. 473 Only one ":redir" can be active at a time. Calls to 474 ":redir" will close any active redirection before 475 starting redirection to the new target. 476 To stop the messages and commands from being echoed to 477 the screen, put the commands in a function and call it 478 with ":silent call Function()". 479 An alternative is to use the 'verbosefile' option, 480 this can be used in combination with ":redir". 481 {not in Vi} 482 483:redi[r] >> {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. Append if {file} 484 already exists. {not in Vi} 485 486:redi[r] @{a-zA-Z} 487:redi[r] @{a-zA-Z}> Redirect messages to register {a-z}. Append to the 488 contents of the register if its name is given 489 uppercase {A-Z}. The ">" after the register name is 490 optional. {not in Vi} 491:redi[r] @{a-z}>> Append messages to register {a-z}. {not in Vi} 492 493:redi[r] @*> 494:redi[r] @+> Redirect messages to the selection or clipboard. For 495 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register 496 name can be omitted. See |quotestar| and |quoteplus|. 497 {not in Vi} 498:redi[r] @*>> 499:redi[r] @+>> Append messages to the selection or clipboard. 500 {not in Vi} 501 502:redi[r] @"> Redirect messages to the unnamed register. For 503 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register 504 name can be omitted. {not in Vi} 505:redi[r] @">> Append messages to the unnamed register. {not in Vi} 506 507:redi[r] => {var} Redirect messages to a variable. If the variable 508 doesn't exist, then it is created. If the variable 509 exists, then it is initialized to an empty string. 510 The variable will remain empty until redirection ends. 511 Only string variables can be used. After the 512 redirection starts, if the variable is removed or 513 locked or the variable type is changed, then further 514 command output messages will cause errors. {not in Vi} 515 516:redi[r] =>> {var} Append messages to an existing variable. Only string 517 variables can be used. {not in Vi} 518 519:redi[r] END End redirecting messages. {not in Vi} 520 521 *:sil* *:silent* 522:sil[ent][!] {command} Execute {command} silently. Normal messages will not 523 be given or added to the message history. 524 When [!] is added, error messages will also be 525 skipped, and commands and mappings will not be aborted 526 when an error is detected. |v:errmsg| is still set. 527 When [!] is not used, an error message will cause 528 further messages to be displayed normally. 529 Redirection, started with |:redir|, will continue as 530 usual, although there might be small differences. 531 This will allow redirecting the output of a command 532 without seeing it on the screen. Example: > 533 :redir >/tmp/foobar 534 :silent g/Aap/p 535 :redir END 536< To execute a Normal mode command silently, use the 537 |:normal| command. For example, to search for a 538 string without messages: > 539 :silent exe "normal /path\<CR>" 540< ":silent!" is useful to execute a command that may 541 fail, but the failure is to be ignored. Example: > 542 :let v:errmsg = "" 543 :silent! /^begin 544 :if v:errmsg != "" 545 : ... pattern was not found 546< ":silent" will also avoid the hit-enter prompt. When 547 using this for an external command, this may cause the 548 screen to be messed up. Use |CTRL-L| to clean it up 549 then. 550 ":silent menu ..." defines a menu that will not echo a 551 Command-line command. The command will still produce 552 messages though. Use ":silent" in the command itself 553 to avoid that: ":silent menu .... :silent command". 554 555 *:uns* *:unsilent* 556:uns[ilent] {command} Execute {command} not silently. Only makes a 557 difference when |:silent| was used to get to this 558 command. 559 Use this for giving a message even when |:silent| was 560 used. In this example |:silent| is used to avoid the 561 message about reading the file and |:unsilent| to be 562 able to list the first line of each file. > 563 :silent argdo unsilent echo expand('%') . ": " . getline(1) 564< 565 566 *:verb* *:verbose* 567:[count]verb[ose] {command} 568 Execute {command} with 'verbose' set to [count]. If 569 [count] is omitted one is used. ":0verbose" can be 570 used to set 'verbose' to zero. 571 The additional use of ":silent" makes messages 572 generated but not displayed. 573 The combination of ":silent" and ":verbose" can be 574 used to generate messages and check them with 575 |v:statusmsg| and friends. For example: > 576 :let v:statusmsg = "" 577 :silent verbose runtime foobar.vim 578 :if v:statusmsg != "" 579 : " foobar.vim could not be found 580 :endif 581< When concatenating another command, the ":verbose" 582 only applies to the first one: > 583 :4verbose set verbose | set verbose 584< verbose=4 ~ 585 verbose=0 ~ 586 For logging verbose messages in a file use the 587 'verbosefile' option. 588 589 *:verbose-cmd* 590When 'verbose' is non-zero, listing the value of a Vim option or a key map or 591an abbreviation or a user-defined function or a command or a highlight group 592or an autocommand will also display where it was last defined. If it was 593defined manually then there will be no "Last set" message. When it was 594defined while executing a function, user command or autocommand, the script in 595which it was defined is reported. 596{not available when compiled without the |+eval| feature} 597 598 *K* 599K Run a program to lookup the keyword under the 600 cursor. The name of the program is given with the 601 'keywordprg' (kp) option (default is "man"). The 602 keyword is formed of letters, numbers and the 603 characters in 'iskeyword'. The keyword under or 604 right of the cursor is used. The same can be done 605 with the command > 606 :!{program} {keyword} 607< There is an example of a program to use in the tools 608 directory of Vim. It is called 'ref' and does a 609 simple spelling check. 610 Special cases: 611 - If 'keywordprg' is empty, the ":help" command is 612 used. It's a good idea to include more characters 613 in 'iskeyword' then, to be able to find more help. 614 - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man", a count before 615 "K" is inserted after the "man" command and before 616 the keyword. For example, using "2K" while the 617 cursor is on "mkdir", results in: > 618 !man 2 mkdir 619< - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man -s", a count 620 before "K" is inserted after the "-s". If there is 621 no count, the "-s" is removed. 622 {not in Vi} 623 624 *v_K* 625{Visual}K Like "K", but use the visually highlighted text for 626 the keyword. Only works when the highlighted text is 627 not more than one line. {not in Vi} 628 629[N]gs *gs* *:sl* *:sleep* 630:[N]sl[eep] [N] [m] Do nothing for [N] seconds. When [m] is included, 631 sleep for [N] milliseconds. The count for "gs" always 632 uses seconds. The default is one second. > 633 :sleep "sleep for one second 634 :5sleep "sleep for five seconds 635 :sleep 100m "sleep for a hundred milliseconds 636 10gs "sleep for ten seconds 637< Can be interrupted with CTRL-C (CTRL-Break on MS-DOS). 638 "gs" stands for "goto sleep". 639 While sleeping the cursor is positioned in the text, 640 if at a visible position. {not in Vi} 641 Also process the received netbeans messages. {only 642 available when compiled with the |+netbeans_intg| 643 feature} 644 645 646 *g_CTRL-A* 647g CTRL-A Only when Vim was compiled with MEM_PROFILING defined 648 (which is very rare): print memory usage statistics. 649 Only useful for debugging Vim. 650 651============================================================================== 6522. Using Vim like less or more *less* 653 654If you use the less or more program to view a file, you don't get syntax 655highlighting. Thus you would like to use Vim instead. You can do this by 656using the shell script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.sh". 657 658This shell script uses the Vim script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.vim". It sets 659up mappings to simulate the commands that less supports. Otherwise, you can 660still use the Vim commands. 661 662This isn't perfect. For example, when viewing a short file Vim will still use 663the whole screen. But it works good enough for most uses, and you get syntax 664highlighting. 665 666The "h" key will give you a short overview of the available commands. 667 668If you want to set options differently when using less, define the 669LessInitFunc in your vimrc, for example: > 670 671 func LessInitFunc() 672 set nocursorcolumn nocursorline 673 endfunc 674< 675 676 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: 677