xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/vdbeInt.h (revision 7a420e22)
1 /*
2 ** 2003 September 6
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This is the header file for information that is private to the
13 ** VDBE.  This information used to all be at the top of the single
14 ** source code file "vdbe.c".  When that file became too big (over
15 ** 6000 lines long) it was split up into several smaller files and
16 ** this header information was factored out.
17 */
18 #ifndef _VDBEINT_H_
19 #define _VDBEINT_H_
20 
21 /*
22 ** SQL is translated into a sequence of instructions to be
23 ** executed by a virtual machine.  Each instruction is an instance
24 ** of the following structure.
25 */
26 typedef struct VdbeOp Op;
27 
28 /*
29 ** Boolean values
30 */
31 typedef unsigned char Bool;
32 
33 /*
34 ** A cursor is a pointer into a single BTree within a database file.
35 ** The cursor can seek to a BTree entry with a particular key, or
36 ** loop over all entries of the Btree.  You can also insert new BTree
37 ** entries or retrieve the key or data from the entry that the cursor
38 ** is currently pointing to.
39 **
40 ** Every cursor that the virtual machine has open is represented by an
41 ** instance of the following structure.
42 **
43 ** If the VdbeCursor.isTriggerRow flag is set it means that this cursor is
44 ** really a single row that represents the NEW or OLD pseudo-table of
45 ** a row trigger.  The data for the row is stored in VdbeCursor.pData and
46 ** the rowid is in VdbeCursor.iKey.
47 */
48 struct VdbeCursor {
49   BtCursor *pCursor;    /* The cursor structure of the backend */
50   int iDb;              /* Index of cursor database in db->aDb[] (or -1) */
51   i64 lastRowid;        /* Last rowid from a Next or NextIdx operation */
52   Bool zeroed;          /* True if zeroed out and ready for reuse */
53   Bool rowidIsValid;    /* True if lastRowid is valid */
54   Bool atFirst;         /* True if pointing to first entry */
55   Bool useRandomRowid;  /* Generate new record numbers semi-randomly */
56   Bool nullRow;         /* True if pointing to a row with no data */
57   Bool deferredMoveto;  /* A call to sqlite3BtreeMoveto() is needed */
58   Bool isTable;         /* True if a table requiring integer keys */
59   Bool isIndex;         /* True if an index containing keys only - no data */
60   Bool isOrdered;       /* True if the underlying table is BTREE_UNORDERED */
61   i64 movetoTarget;     /* Argument to the deferred sqlite3BtreeMoveto() */
62   Btree *pBt;           /* Separate file holding temporary table */
63   int pseudoTableReg;   /* Register holding pseudotable content. */
64   KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;    /* Info about index keys needed by index cursors */
65   int nField;           /* Number of fields in the header */
66   i64 seqCount;         /* Sequence counter */
67   sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor;  /* The cursor for a virtual table */
68   const sqlite3_module *pModule;     /* Module for cursor pVtabCursor */
69 
70   /* Result of last sqlite3BtreeMoveto() done by an OP_NotExists or
71   ** OP_IsUnique opcode on this cursor. */
72   int seekResult;
73 
74   /* Cached information about the header for the data record that the
75   ** cursor is currently pointing to.  Only valid if cacheStatus matches
76   ** Vdbe.cacheCtr.  Vdbe.cacheCtr will never take on the value of
77   ** CACHE_STALE and so setting cacheStatus=CACHE_STALE guarantees that
78   ** the cache is out of date.
79   **
80   ** aRow might point to (ephemeral) data for the current row, or it might
81   ** be NULL.
82   */
83   u32 cacheStatus;      /* Cache is valid if this matches Vdbe.cacheCtr */
84   int payloadSize;      /* Total number of bytes in the record */
85   u32 *aType;           /* Type values for all entries in the record */
86   u32 *aOffset;         /* Cached offsets to the start of each columns data */
87   u8 *aRow;             /* Data for the current row, if all on one page */
88 };
89 typedef struct VdbeCursor VdbeCursor;
90 
91 /*
92 ** When a sub-program is executed (OP_Program), a structure of this type
93 ** is allocated to store the current value of the program counter, as
94 ** well as the current memory cell array and various other frame specific
95 ** values stored in the Vdbe struct. When the sub-program is finished,
96 ** these values are copied back to the Vdbe from the VdbeFrame structure,
97 ** restoring the state of the VM to as it was before the sub-program
98 ** began executing.
99 **
100 ** Frames are stored in a linked list headed at Vdbe.pParent. Vdbe.pParent
101 ** is the parent of the current frame, or zero if the current frame
102 ** is the main Vdbe program.
103 */
104 typedef struct VdbeFrame VdbeFrame;
105 struct VdbeFrame {
106   Vdbe *v;                /* VM this frame belongs to */
107   int pc;                 /* Program Counter */
108   Op *aOp;                /* Program instructions */
109   int nOp;                /* Size of aOp array */
110   Mem *aMem;              /* Array of memory cells */
111   int nMem;               /* Number of entries in aMem */
112   VdbeCursor **apCsr;     /* Element of Vdbe cursors */
113   u16 nCursor;            /* Number of entries in apCsr */
114   void *token;            /* Copy of SubProgram.token */
115   int nChildMem;          /* Number of memory cells for child frame */
116   int nChildCsr;          /* Number of cursors for child frame */
117   i64 lastRowid;          /* Last insert rowid (sqlite3.lastRowid) */
118   int nChange;            /* Statement changes (Vdbe.nChanges)     */
119   VdbeFrame *pParent;     /* Parent of this frame */
120 };
121 
122 #define VdbeFrameMem(p) ((Mem *)&((u8 *)p)[ROUND8(sizeof(VdbeFrame))])
123 
124 /*
125 ** A value for VdbeCursor.cacheValid that means the cache is always invalid.
126 */
127 #define CACHE_STALE 0
128 
129 /*
130 ** Internally, the vdbe manipulates nearly all SQL values as Mem
131 ** structures. Each Mem struct may cache multiple representations (string,
132 ** integer etc.) of the same value.  A value (and therefore Mem structure)
133 ** has the following properties:
134 **
135 ** Each value has a manifest type. The manifest type of the value stored
136 ** in a Mem struct is returned by the MemType(Mem*) macro. The type is
137 ** one of SQLITE_NULL, SQLITE_INTEGER, SQLITE_REAL, SQLITE_TEXT or
138 ** SQLITE_BLOB.
139 */
140 struct Mem {
141   union {
142     i64 i;              /* Integer value. */
143     int nZero;          /* Used when bit MEM_Zero is set in flags */
144     FuncDef *pDef;      /* Used only when flags==MEM_Agg */
145     RowSet *pRowSet;    /* Used only when flags==MEM_RowSet */
146     VdbeFrame *pFrame;  /* Used when flags==MEM_Frame */
147   } u;
148   double r;           /* Real value */
149   sqlite3 *db;        /* The associated database connection */
150   char *z;            /* String or BLOB value */
151   int n;              /* Number of characters in string value, excluding '\0' */
152   u16 flags;          /* Some combination of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
153   u8  type;           /* One of SQLITE_NULL, SQLITE_TEXT, SQLITE_INTEGER, etc */
154   u8  enc;            /* SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_UTF16BE, SQLITE_UTF16LE */
155 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
156   Mem *pScopyFrom;    /* This Mem is a shallow copy of pScopyFrom */
157   void *pFiller;      /* So that sizeof(Mem) is a multiple of 8 */
158 #endif
159   void (*xDel)(void *);  /* If not null, call this function to delete Mem.z */
160   char *zMalloc;      /* Dynamic buffer allocated by sqlite3_malloc() */
161 };
162 
163 /* One or more of the following flags are set to indicate the validOK
164 ** representations of the value stored in the Mem struct.
165 **
166 ** If the MEM_Null flag is set, then the value is an SQL NULL value.
167 ** No other flags may be set in this case.
168 **
169 ** If the MEM_Str flag is set then Mem.z points at a string representation.
170 ** Usually this is encoded in the same unicode encoding as the main
171 ** database (see below for exceptions). If the MEM_Term flag is also
172 ** set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real
173 ** flags may coexist with the MEM_Str flag.
174 **
175 ** Multiple of these values can appear in Mem.flags.  But only one
176 ** at a time can appear in Mem.type.
177 */
178 #define MEM_Null      0x0001   /* Value is NULL */
179 #define MEM_Str       0x0002   /* Value is a string */
180 #define MEM_Int       0x0004   /* Value is an integer */
181 #define MEM_Real      0x0008   /* Value is a real number */
182 #define MEM_Blob      0x0010   /* Value is a BLOB */
183 #define MEM_RowSet    0x0020   /* Value is a RowSet object */
184 #define MEM_Frame     0x0040   /* Value is a VdbeFrame object */
185 #define MEM_Invalid   0x0080   /* Value is undefined */
186 #define MEM_TypeMask  0x00ff   /* Mask of type bits */
187 
188 /* Whenever Mem contains a valid string or blob representation, one of
189 ** the following flags must be set to determine the memory management
190 ** policy for Mem.z.  The MEM_Term flag tells us whether or not the
191 ** string is \000 or \u0000 terminated
192 */
193 #define MEM_Term      0x0200   /* String rep is nul terminated */
194 #define MEM_Dyn       0x0400   /* Need to call sqliteFree() on Mem.z */
195 #define MEM_Static    0x0800   /* Mem.z points to a static string */
196 #define MEM_Ephem     0x1000   /* Mem.z points to an ephemeral string */
197 #define MEM_Agg       0x2000   /* Mem.z points to an agg function context */
198 #define MEM_Zero      0x4000   /* Mem.i contains count of 0s appended to blob */
199 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
200   #undef MEM_Zero
201   #define MEM_Zero 0x0000
202 #endif
203 
204 /*
205 ** Clear any existing type flags from a Mem and replace them with f
206 */
207 #define MemSetTypeFlag(p, f) \
208    ((p)->flags = ((p)->flags&~(MEM_TypeMask|MEM_Zero))|f)
209 
210 /*
211 ** Return true if a memory cell is not marked as invalid.  This macro
212 ** is for use inside assert() statements only.
213 */
214 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
215 #define memIsValid(M)  ((M)->flags & MEM_Invalid)==0
216 #endif
217 
218 
219 /* A VdbeFunc is just a FuncDef (defined in sqliteInt.h) that contains
220 ** additional information about auxiliary information bound to arguments
221 ** of the function.  This is used to implement the sqlite3_get_auxdata()
222 ** and sqlite3_set_auxdata() APIs.  The "auxdata" is some auxiliary data
223 ** that can be associated with a constant argument to a function.  This
224 ** allows functions such as "regexp" to compile their constant regular
225 ** expression argument once and reused the compiled code for multiple
226 ** invocations.
227 */
228 struct VdbeFunc {
229   FuncDef *pFunc;               /* The definition of the function */
230   int nAux;                     /* Number of entries allocated for apAux[] */
231   struct AuxData {
232     void *pAux;                   /* Aux data for the i-th argument */
233     void (*xDelete)(void *);      /* Destructor for the aux data */
234   } apAux[1];                   /* One slot for each function argument */
235 };
236 
237 /*
238 ** The "context" argument for a installable function.  A pointer to an
239 ** instance of this structure is the first argument to the routines used
240 ** implement the SQL functions.
241 **
242 ** There is a typedef for this structure in sqlite.h.  So all routines,
243 ** even the public interface to SQLite, can use a pointer to this structure.
244 ** But this file is the only place where the internal details of this
245 ** structure are known.
246 **
247 ** This structure is defined inside of vdbeInt.h because it uses substructures
248 ** (Mem) which are only defined there.
249 */
250 struct sqlite3_context {
251   FuncDef *pFunc;       /* Pointer to function information.  MUST BE FIRST */
252   VdbeFunc *pVdbeFunc;  /* Auxilary data, if created. */
253   Mem s;                /* The return value is stored here */
254   Mem *pMem;            /* Memory cell used to store aggregate context */
255   int isError;          /* Error code returned by the function. */
256   CollSeq *pColl;       /* Collating sequence */
257 };
258 
259 /*
260 ** A Set structure is used for quick testing to see if a value
261 ** is part of a small set.  Sets are used to implement code like
262 ** this:
263 **            x.y IN ('hi','hoo','hum')
264 */
265 typedef struct Set Set;
266 struct Set {
267   Hash hash;             /* A set is just a hash table */
268   HashElem *prev;        /* Previously accessed hash elemen */
269 };
270 
271 /*
272 ** An instance of the virtual machine.  This structure contains the complete
273 ** state of the virtual machine.
274 **
275 ** The "sqlite3_stmt" structure pointer that is returned by sqlite3_compile()
276 ** is really a pointer to an instance of this structure.
277 **
278 ** The Vdbe.inVtabMethod variable is set to non-zero for the duration of
279 ** any virtual table method invocations made by the vdbe program. It is
280 ** set to 2 for xDestroy method calls and 1 for all other methods. This
281 ** variable is used for two purposes: to allow xDestroy methods to execute
282 ** "DROP TABLE" statements and to prevent some nasty side effects of
283 ** malloc failure when SQLite is invoked recursively by a virtual table
284 ** method function.
285 */
286 struct Vdbe {
287   sqlite3 *db;            /* The database connection that owns this statement */
288   Vdbe *pPrev,*pNext;     /* Linked list of VDBEs with the same Vdbe.db */
289   int nOp;                /* Number of instructions in the program */
290   int nOpAlloc;           /* Number of slots allocated for aOp[] */
291   Op *aOp;                /* Space to hold the virtual machine's program */
292   int nLabel;             /* Number of labels used */
293   int nLabelAlloc;        /* Number of slots allocated in aLabel[] */
294   int *aLabel;            /* Space to hold the labels */
295   Mem **apArg;            /* Arguments to currently executing user function */
296   Mem *aColName;          /* Column names to return */
297   Mem *pResultSet;        /* Pointer to an array of results */
298   u16 nResColumn;         /* Number of columns in one row of the result set */
299   u16 nCursor;            /* Number of slots in apCsr[] */
300   VdbeCursor **apCsr;     /* One element of this array for each open cursor */
301   u8 errorAction;         /* Recovery action to do in case of an error */
302   u8 okVar;               /* True if azVar[] has been initialized */
303   ynVar nVar;             /* Number of entries in aVar[] */
304   Mem *aVar;              /* Values for the OP_Variable opcode. */
305   char **azVar;           /* Name of variables */
306   u32 magic;              /* Magic number for sanity checking */
307   int nMem;               /* Number of memory locations currently allocated */
308   Mem *aMem;              /* The memory locations */
309   u32 cacheCtr;           /* VdbeCursor row cache generation counter */
310   int pc;                 /* The program counter */
311   int rc;                 /* Value to return */
312   char *zErrMsg;          /* Error message written here */
313   u8 explain;             /* True if EXPLAIN present on SQL command */
314   u8 changeCntOn;         /* True to update the change-counter */
315   u8 expired;             /* True if the VM needs to be recompiled */
316   u8 runOnlyOnce;         /* Automatically expire on reset */
317   u8 minWriteFileFormat;  /* Minimum file format for writable database files */
318   u8 inVtabMethod;        /* See comments above */
319   u8 usesStmtJournal;     /* True if uses a statement journal */
320   u8 readOnly;            /* True for read-only statements */
321   u8 isPrepareV2;         /* True if prepared with prepare_v2() */
322   int nChange;            /* Number of db changes made since last reset */
323   int btreeMask;          /* Bitmask of db->aDb[] entries referenced */
324   i64 startTime;          /* Time when query started - used for profiling */
325   BtreeMutexArray aMutex; /* An array of Btree used here and needing locks */
326   int aCounter[3];        /* Counters used by sqlite3_stmt_status() */
327   char *zSql;             /* Text of the SQL statement that generated this */
328   void *pFree;            /* Free this when deleting the vdbe */
329   i64 nFkConstraint;      /* Number of imm. FK constraints this VM */
330   i64 nStmtDefCons;       /* Number of def. constraints when stmt started */
331   int iStatement;         /* Statement number (or 0 if has not opened stmt) */
332 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
333   FILE *trace;            /* Write an execution trace here, if not NULL */
334 #endif
335   VdbeFrame *pFrame;      /* Parent frame */
336   int nFrame;             /* Number of frames in pFrame list */
337   u32 expmask;            /* Binding to these vars invalidates VM */
338   SubProgram *pProgram;   /* Linked list of all sub-programs used by VM */
339 };
340 
341 /*
342 ** The following are allowed values for Vdbe.magic
343 */
344 #define VDBE_MAGIC_INIT     0x26bceaa5    /* Building a VDBE program */
345 #define VDBE_MAGIC_RUN      0xbdf20da3    /* VDBE is ready to execute */
346 #define VDBE_MAGIC_HALT     0x519c2973    /* VDBE has completed execution */
347 #define VDBE_MAGIC_DEAD     0xb606c3c8    /* The VDBE has been deallocated */
348 
349 /*
350 ** Function prototypes
351 */
352 void sqlite3VdbeFreeCursor(Vdbe *, VdbeCursor*);
353 void sqliteVdbePopStack(Vdbe*,int);
354 int sqlite3VdbeCursorMoveto(VdbeCursor*);
355 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(VDBE_PROFILE)
356 void sqlite3VdbePrintOp(FILE*, int, Op*);
357 #endif
358 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(u32);
359 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialType(Mem*, int);
360 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialPut(unsigned char*, int, Mem*, int);
361 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialGet(const unsigned char*, u32, Mem*);
362 void sqlite3VdbeDeleteAuxData(VdbeFunc*, int);
363 
364 int sqlite2BtreeKeyCompare(BtCursor *, const void *, int, int, int *);
365 int sqlite3VdbeIdxKeyCompare(VdbeCursor*,UnpackedRecord*,int*);
366 int sqlite3VdbeIdxRowid(sqlite3*, BtCursor *, i64 *);
367 int sqlite3MemCompare(const Mem*, const Mem*, const CollSeq*);
368 int sqlite3VdbeExec(Vdbe*);
369 int sqlite3VdbeList(Vdbe*);
370 int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe*);
371 int sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(Mem *, int);
372 int sqlite3VdbeMemTooBig(Mem*);
373 int sqlite3VdbeMemCopy(Mem*, const Mem*);
374 void sqlite3VdbeMemShallowCopy(Mem*, const Mem*, int);
375 void sqlite3VdbeMemMove(Mem*, Mem*);
376 int sqlite3VdbeMemNulTerminate(Mem*);
377 int sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(Mem*, const char*, int, u8, void(*)(void*));
378 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(Mem*, i64);
379 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
380 # define sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64
381 #else
382   void sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble(Mem*, double);
383 #endif
384 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(Mem*);
385 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetZeroBlob(Mem*,int);
386 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetRowSet(Mem*);
387 int sqlite3VdbeMemMakeWriteable(Mem*);
388 int sqlite3VdbeMemStringify(Mem*, int);
389 i64 sqlite3VdbeIntValue(Mem*);
390 int sqlite3VdbeMemIntegerify(Mem*);
391 double sqlite3VdbeRealValue(Mem*);
392 void sqlite3VdbeIntegerAffinity(Mem*);
393 int sqlite3VdbeMemRealify(Mem*);
394 int sqlite3VdbeMemNumerify(Mem*);
395 int sqlite3VdbeMemFromBtree(BtCursor*,int,int,int,Mem*);
396 void sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(Mem *p);
397 void sqlite3VdbeMemReleaseExternal(Mem *p);
398 int sqlite3VdbeMemFinalize(Mem*, FuncDef*);
399 const char *sqlite3OpcodeName(int);
400 int sqlite3VdbeMemGrow(Mem *pMem, int n, int preserve);
401 int sqlite3VdbeCloseStatement(Vdbe *, int);
402 void sqlite3VdbeFrameDelete(VdbeFrame*);
403 int sqlite3VdbeFrameRestore(VdbeFrame *);
404 void sqlite3VdbeMemStoreType(Mem *pMem);
405 
406 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
407 void sqlite3VdbeMemPrepareToChange(Vdbe*,Mem*);
408 #endif
409 
410 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
411 int sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(Vdbe *, int);
412 #else
413 # define sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(p,i) 0
414 #endif
415 
416 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
417 void sqlite3VdbeMutexArrayEnter(Vdbe *p);
418 #else
419 # define sqlite3VdbeMutexArrayEnter(p)
420 #endif
421 
422 int sqlite3VdbeMemTranslate(Mem*, u8);
423 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
424   void sqlite3VdbePrintSql(Vdbe*);
425   void sqlite3VdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, char *zBuf);
426 #endif
427 int sqlite3VdbeMemHandleBom(Mem *pMem);
428 
429 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
430   int sqlite3VdbeMemExpandBlob(Mem *);
431 #else
432   #define sqlite3VdbeMemExpandBlob(x) SQLITE_OK
433 #endif
434 
435 #endif /* !defined(_VDBEINT_H_) */
436