xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/vdbeInt.h (revision 60176fa9)
1 /*
2 ** 2003 September 6
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This is the header file for information that is private to the
13 ** VDBE.  This information used to all be at the top of the single
14 ** source code file "vdbe.c".  When that file became too big (over
15 ** 6000 lines long) it was split up into several smaller files and
16 ** this header information was factored out.
17 */
18 #ifndef _VDBEINT_H_
19 #define _VDBEINT_H_
20 
21 /*
22 ** SQL is translated into a sequence of instructions to be
23 ** executed by a virtual machine.  Each instruction is an instance
24 ** of the following structure.
25 */
26 typedef struct VdbeOp Op;
27 
28 /*
29 ** Boolean values
30 */
31 typedef unsigned char Bool;
32 
33 /*
34 ** A cursor is a pointer into a single BTree within a database file.
35 ** The cursor can seek to a BTree entry with a particular key, or
36 ** loop over all entries of the Btree.  You can also insert new BTree
37 ** entries or retrieve the key or data from the entry that the cursor
38 ** is currently pointing to.
39 **
40 ** Every cursor that the virtual machine has open is represented by an
41 ** instance of the following structure.
42 **
43 ** If the VdbeCursor.isTriggerRow flag is set it means that this cursor is
44 ** really a single row that represents the NEW or OLD pseudo-table of
45 ** a row trigger.  The data for the row is stored in VdbeCursor.pData and
46 ** the rowid is in VdbeCursor.iKey.
47 */
48 struct VdbeCursor {
49   BtCursor *pCursor;    /* The cursor structure of the backend */
50   int iDb;              /* Index of cursor database in db->aDb[] (or -1) */
51   i64 lastRowid;        /* Last rowid from a Next or NextIdx operation */
52   Bool zeroed;          /* True if zeroed out and ready for reuse */
53   Bool rowidIsValid;    /* True if lastRowid is valid */
54   Bool atFirst;         /* True if pointing to first entry */
55   Bool useRandomRowid;  /* Generate new record numbers semi-randomly */
56   Bool nullRow;         /* True if pointing to a row with no data */
57   Bool deferredMoveto;  /* A call to sqlite3BtreeMoveto() is needed */
58   Bool isTable;         /* True if a table requiring integer keys */
59   Bool isIndex;         /* True if an index containing keys only - no data */
60   i64 movetoTarget;     /* Argument to the deferred sqlite3BtreeMoveto() */
61   Btree *pBt;           /* Separate file holding temporary table */
62   int pseudoTableReg;   /* Register holding pseudotable content. */
63   KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;    /* Info about index keys needed by index cursors */
64   int nField;           /* Number of fields in the header */
65   i64 seqCount;         /* Sequence counter */
66   sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor;  /* The cursor for a virtual table */
67   const sqlite3_module *pModule;     /* Module for cursor pVtabCursor */
68 
69   /* Result of last sqlite3BtreeMoveto() done by an OP_NotExists or
70   ** OP_IsUnique opcode on this cursor. */
71   int seekResult;
72 
73   /* Cached information about the header for the data record that the
74   ** cursor is currently pointing to.  Only valid if cacheStatus matches
75   ** Vdbe.cacheCtr.  Vdbe.cacheCtr will never take on the value of
76   ** CACHE_STALE and so setting cacheStatus=CACHE_STALE guarantees that
77   ** the cache is out of date.
78   **
79   ** aRow might point to (ephemeral) data for the current row, or it might
80   ** be NULL.
81   */
82   u32 cacheStatus;      /* Cache is valid if this matches Vdbe.cacheCtr */
83   int payloadSize;      /* Total number of bytes in the record */
84   u32 *aType;           /* Type values for all entries in the record */
85   u32 *aOffset;         /* Cached offsets to the start of each columns data */
86   u8 *aRow;             /* Data for the current row, if all on one page */
87 };
88 typedef struct VdbeCursor VdbeCursor;
89 
90 /*
91 ** When a sub-program is executed (OP_Program), a structure of this type
92 ** is allocated to store the current value of the program counter, as
93 ** well as the current memory cell array and various other frame specific
94 ** values stored in the Vdbe struct. When the sub-program is finished,
95 ** these values are copied back to the Vdbe from the VdbeFrame structure,
96 ** restoring the state of the VM to as it was before the sub-program
97 ** began executing.
98 **
99 ** Frames are stored in a linked list headed at Vdbe.pParent. Vdbe.pParent
100 ** is the parent of the current frame, or zero if the current frame
101 ** is the main Vdbe program.
102 */
103 typedef struct VdbeFrame VdbeFrame;
104 struct VdbeFrame {
105   Vdbe *v;                /* VM this frame belongs to */
106   int pc;                 /* Program Counter */
107   Op *aOp;                /* Program instructions */
108   int nOp;                /* Size of aOp array */
109   Mem *aMem;              /* Array of memory cells */
110   int nMem;               /* Number of entries in aMem */
111   VdbeCursor **apCsr;     /* Element of Vdbe cursors */
112   u16 nCursor;            /* Number of entries in apCsr */
113   void *token;            /* Copy of SubProgram.token */
114   int nChildMem;          /* Number of memory cells for child frame */
115   int nChildCsr;          /* Number of cursors for child frame */
116   i64 lastRowid;          /* Last insert rowid (sqlite3.lastRowid) */
117   int nChange;            /* Statement changes (Vdbe.nChanges)     */
118   VdbeFrame *pParent;     /* Parent of this frame */
119 };
120 
121 #define VdbeFrameMem(p) ((Mem *)&((u8 *)p)[ROUND8(sizeof(VdbeFrame))])
122 
123 /*
124 ** A value for VdbeCursor.cacheValid that means the cache is always invalid.
125 */
126 #define CACHE_STALE 0
127 
128 /*
129 ** Internally, the vdbe manipulates nearly all SQL values as Mem
130 ** structures. Each Mem struct may cache multiple representations (string,
131 ** integer etc.) of the same value.  A value (and therefore Mem structure)
132 ** has the following properties:
133 **
134 ** Each value has a manifest type. The manifest type of the value stored
135 ** in a Mem struct is returned by the MemType(Mem*) macro. The type is
136 ** one of SQLITE_NULL, SQLITE_INTEGER, SQLITE_REAL, SQLITE_TEXT or
137 ** SQLITE_BLOB.
138 */
139 struct Mem {
140   union {
141     i64 i;              /* Integer value. */
142     int nZero;          /* Used when bit MEM_Zero is set in flags */
143     FuncDef *pDef;      /* Used only when flags==MEM_Agg */
144     RowSet *pRowSet;    /* Used only when flags==MEM_RowSet */
145     VdbeFrame *pFrame;  /* Used when flags==MEM_Frame */
146   } u;
147   double r;           /* Real value */
148   sqlite3 *db;        /* The associated database connection */
149   char *z;            /* String or BLOB value */
150   int n;              /* Number of characters in string value, excluding '\0' */
151   u16 flags;          /* Some combination of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
152   u8  type;           /* One of SQLITE_NULL, SQLITE_TEXT, SQLITE_INTEGER, etc */
153   u8  enc;            /* SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_UTF16BE, SQLITE_UTF16LE */
154   void (*xDel)(void *);  /* If not null, call this function to delete Mem.z */
155   char *zMalloc;      /* Dynamic buffer allocated by sqlite3_malloc() */
156 };
157 
158 /* One or more of the following flags are set to indicate the validOK
159 ** representations of the value stored in the Mem struct.
160 **
161 ** If the MEM_Null flag is set, then the value is an SQL NULL value.
162 ** No other flags may be set in this case.
163 **
164 ** If the MEM_Str flag is set then Mem.z points at a string representation.
165 ** Usually this is encoded in the same unicode encoding as the main
166 ** database (see below for exceptions). If the MEM_Term flag is also
167 ** set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real
168 ** flags may coexist with the MEM_Str flag.
169 **
170 ** Multiple of these values can appear in Mem.flags.  But only one
171 ** at a time can appear in Mem.type.
172 */
173 #define MEM_Null      0x0001   /* Value is NULL */
174 #define MEM_Str       0x0002   /* Value is a string */
175 #define MEM_Int       0x0004   /* Value is an integer */
176 #define MEM_Real      0x0008   /* Value is a real number */
177 #define MEM_Blob      0x0010   /* Value is a BLOB */
178 #define MEM_RowSet    0x0020   /* Value is a RowSet object */
179 #define MEM_Frame     0x0040   /* Value is a VdbeFrame object */
180 #define MEM_TypeMask  0x00ff   /* Mask of type bits */
181 
182 /* Whenever Mem contains a valid string or blob representation, one of
183 ** the following flags must be set to determine the memory management
184 ** policy for Mem.z.  The MEM_Term flag tells us whether or not the
185 ** string is \000 or \u0000 terminated
186 */
187 #define MEM_Term      0x0200   /* String rep is nul terminated */
188 #define MEM_Dyn       0x0400   /* Need to call sqliteFree() on Mem.z */
189 #define MEM_Static    0x0800   /* Mem.z points to a static string */
190 #define MEM_Ephem     0x1000   /* Mem.z points to an ephemeral string */
191 #define MEM_Agg       0x2000   /* Mem.z points to an agg function context */
192 #define MEM_Zero      0x4000   /* Mem.i contains count of 0s appended to blob */
193 
194 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
195   #undef MEM_Zero
196   #define MEM_Zero 0x0000
197 #endif
198 
199 
200 /*
201 ** Clear any existing type flags from a Mem and replace them with f
202 */
203 #define MemSetTypeFlag(p, f) \
204    ((p)->flags = ((p)->flags&~(MEM_TypeMask|MEM_Zero))|f)
205 
206 
207 /* A VdbeFunc is just a FuncDef (defined in sqliteInt.h) that contains
208 ** additional information about auxiliary information bound to arguments
209 ** of the function.  This is used to implement the sqlite3_get_auxdata()
210 ** and sqlite3_set_auxdata() APIs.  The "auxdata" is some auxiliary data
211 ** that can be associated with a constant argument to a function.  This
212 ** allows functions such as "regexp" to compile their constant regular
213 ** expression argument once and reused the compiled code for multiple
214 ** invocations.
215 */
216 struct VdbeFunc {
217   FuncDef *pFunc;               /* The definition of the function */
218   int nAux;                     /* Number of entries allocated for apAux[] */
219   struct AuxData {
220     void *pAux;                   /* Aux data for the i-th argument */
221     void (*xDelete)(void *);      /* Destructor for the aux data */
222   } apAux[1];                   /* One slot for each function argument */
223 };
224 
225 /*
226 ** The "context" argument for a installable function.  A pointer to an
227 ** instance of this structure is the first argument to the routines used
228 ** implement the SQL functions.
229 **
230 ** There is a typedef for this structure in sqlite.h.  So all routines,
231 ** even the public interface to SQLite, can use a pointer to this structure.
232 ** But this file is the only place where the internal details of this
233 ** structure are known.
234 **
235 ** This structure is defined inside of vdbeInt.h because it uses substructures
236 ** (Mem) which are only defined there.
237 */
238 struct sqlite3_context {
239   FuncDef *pFunc;       /* Pointer to function information.  MUST BE FIRST */
240   VdbeFunc *pVdbeFunc;  /* Auxilary data, if created. */
241   Mem s;                /* The return value is stored here */
242   Mem *pMem;            /* Memory cell used to store aggregate context */
243   int isError;          /* Error code returned by the function. */
244   CollSeq *pColl;       /* Collating sequence */
245 };
246 
247 /*
248 ** A Set structure is used for quick testing to see if a value
249 ** is part of a small set.  Sets are used to implement code like
250 ** this:
251 **            x.y IN ('hi','hoo','hum')
252 */
253 typedef struct Set Set;
254 struct Set {
255   Hash hash;             /* A set is just a hash table */
256   HashElem *prev;        /* Previously accessed hash elemen */
257 };
258 
259 /*
260 ** An instance of the virtual machine.  This structure contains the complete
261 ** state of the virtual machine.
262 **
263 ** The "sqlite3_stmt" structure pointer that is returned by sqlite3_compile()
264 ** is really a pointer to an instance of this structure.
265 **
266 ** The Vdbe.inVtabMethod variable is set to non-zero for the duration of
267 ** any virtual table method invocations made by the vdbe program. It is
268 ** set to 2 for xDestroy method calls and 1 for all other methods. This
269 ** variable is used for two purposes: to allow xDestroy methods to execute
270 ** "DROP TABLE" statements and to prevent some nasty side effects of
271 ** malloc failure when SQLite is invoked recursively by a virtual table
272 ** method function.
273 */
274 struct Vdbe {
275   sqlite3 *db;            /* The database connection that owns this statement */
276   Vdbe *pPrev,*pNext;     /* Linked list of VDBEs with the same Vdbe.db */
277   int nOp;                /* Number of instructions in the program */
278   int nOpAlloc;           /* Number of slots allocated for aOp[] */
279   Op *aOp;                /* Space to hold the virtual machine's program */
280   int nLabel;             /* Number of labels used */
281   int nLabelAlloc;        /* Number of slots allocated in aLabel[] */
282   int *aLabel;            /* Space to hold the labels */
283   Mem **apArg;            /* Arguments to currently executing user function */
284   Mem *aColName;          /* Column names to return */
285   Mem *pResultSet;        /* Pointer to an array of results */
286   u16 nResColumn;         /* Number of columns in one row of the result set */
287   u16 nCursor;            /* Number of slots in apCsr[] */
288   VdbeCursor **apCsr;     /* One element of this array for each open cursor */
289   u8 errorAction;         /* Recovery action to do in case of an error */
290   u8 okVar;               /* True if azVar[] has been initialized */
291   ynVar nVar;             /* Number of entries in aVar[] */
292   Mem *aVar;              /* Values for the OP_Variable opcode. */
293   char **azVar;           /* Name of variables */
294   u32 magic;              /* Magic number for sanity checking */
295   int nMem;               /* Number of memory locations currently allocated */
296   Mem *aMem;              /* The memory locations */
297   u32 cacheCtr;           /* VdbeCursor row cache generation counter */
298   int pc;                 /* The program counter */
299   int rc;                 /* Value to return */
300   char *zErrMsg;          /* Error message written here */
301   u8 explain;             /* True if EXPLAIN present on SQL command */
302   u8 changeCntOn;         /* True to update the change-counter */
303   u8 expired;             /* True if the VM needs to be recompiled */
304   u8 runOnlyOnce;         /* Automatically expire on reset */
305   u8 minWriteFileFormat;  /* Minimum file format for writable database files */
306   u8 inVtabMethod;        /* See comments above */
307   u8 usesStmtJournal;     /* True if uses a statement journal */
308   u8 readOnly;            /* True for read-only statements */
309   u8 isPrepareV2;         /* True if prepared with prepare_v2() */
310   int nChange;            /* Number of db changes made since last reset */
311   int btreeMask;          /* Bitmask of db->aDb[] entries referenced */
312   i64 startTime;          /* Time when query started - used for profiling */
313   BtreeMutexArray aMutex; /* An array of Btree used here and needing locks */
314   int aCounter[3];        /* Counters used by sqlite3_stmt_status() */
315   char *zSql;             /* Text of the SQL statement that generated this */
316   void *pFree;            /* Free this when deleting the vdbe */
317   i64 nFkConstraint;      /* Number of imm. FK constraints this VM */
318   i64 nStmtDefCons;       /* Number of def. constraints when stmt started */
319   int iStatement;         /* Statement number (or 0 if has not opened stmt) */
320 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
321   FILE *trace;            /* Write an execution trace here, if not NULL */
322 #endif
323   VdbeFrame *pFrame;      /* Parent frame */
324   int nFrame;             /* Number of frames in pFrame list */
325   u32 expmask;            /* Binding to these vars invalidates VM */
326   SubProgram *pProgram;   /* Linked list of all sub-programs used by VM */
327 };
328 
329 /*
330 ** The following are allowed values for Vdbe.magic
331 */
332 #define VDBE_MAGIC_INIT     0x26bceaa5    /* Building a VDBE program */
333 #define VDBE_MAGIC_RUN      0xbdf20da3    /* VDBE is ready to execute */
334 #define VDBE_MAGIC_HALT     0x519c2973    /* VDBE has completed execution */
335 #define VDBE_MAGIC_DEAD     0xb606c3c8    /* The VDBE has been deallocated */
336 
337 /*
338 ** Function prototypes
339 */
340 void sqlite3VdbeFreeCursor(Vdbe *, VdbeCursor*);
341 void sqliteVdbePopStack(Vdbe*,int);
342 int sqlite3VdbeCursorMoveto(VdbeCursor*);
343 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(VDBE_PROFILE)
344 void sqlite3VdbePrintOp(FILE*, int, Op*);
345 #endif
346 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(u32);
347 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialType(Mem*, int);
348 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialPut(unsigned char*, int, Mem*, int);
349 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialGet(const unsigned char*, u32, Mem*);
350 void sqlite3VdbeDeleteAuxData(VdbeFunc*, int);
351 
352 int sqlite2BtreeKeyCompare(BtCursor *, const void *, int, int, int *);
353 int sqlite3VdbeIdxKeyCompare(VdbeCursor*,UnpackedRecord*,int*);
354 int sqlite3VdbeIdxRowid(sqlite3*, BtCursor *, i64 *);
355 int sqlite3MemCompare(const Mem*, const Mem*, const CollSeq*);
356 int sqlite3VdbeExec(Vdbe*);
357 int sqlite3VdbeList(Vdbe*);
358 int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe*);
359 int sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(Mem *, int);
360 int sqlite3VdbeMemTooBig(Mem*);
361 int sqlite3VdbeMemCopy(Mem*, const Mem*);
362 void sqlite3VdbeMemShallowCopy(Mem*, const Mem*, int);
363 void sqlite3VdbeMemMove(Mem*, Mem*);
364 int sqlite3VdbeMemNulTerminate(Mem*);
365 int sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(Mem*, const char*, int, u8, void(*)(void*));
366 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(Mem*, i64);
367 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
368 # define sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64
369 #else
370   void sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble(Mem*, double);
371 #endif
372 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(Mem*);
373 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetZeroBlob(Mem*,int);
374 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetRowSet(Mem*);
375 int sqlite3VdbeMemMakeWriteable(Mem*);
376 int sqlite3VdbeMemStringify(Mem*, int);
377 i64 sqlite3VdbeIntValue(Mem*);
378 int sqlite3VdbeMemIntegerify(Mem*);
379 double sqlite3VdbeRealValue(Mem*);
380 void sqlite3VdbeIntegerAffinity(Mem*);
381 int sqlite3VdbeMemRealify(Mem*);
382 int sqlite3VdbeMemNumerify(Mem*);
383 int sqlite3VdbeMemFromBtree(BtCursor*,int,int,int,Mem*);
384 void sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(Mem *p);
385 void sqlite3VdbeMemReleaseExternal(Mem *p);
386 int sqlite3VdbeMemFinalize(Mem*, FuncDef*);
387 const char *sqlite3OpcodeName(int);
388 int sqlite3VdbeMemGrow(Mem *pMem, int n, int preserve);
389 int sqlite3VdbeCloseStatement(Vdbe *, int);
390 void sqlite3VdbeFrameDelete(VdbeFrame*);
391 int sqlite3VdbeFrameRestore(VdbeFrame *);
392 void sqlite3VdbeMemStoreType(Mem *pMem);
393 
394 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
395 int sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(Vdbe *, int);
396 #else
397 # define sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(p,i) 0
398 #endif
399 
400 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
401 void sqlite3VdbeMutexArrayEnter(Vdbe *p);
402 #else
403 # define sqlite3VdbeMutexArrayEnter(p)
404 #endif
405 
406 int sqlite3VdbeMemTranslate(Mem*, u8);
407 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
408   void sqlite3VdbePrintSql(Vdbe*);
409   void sqlite3VdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, char *zBuf);
410 #endif
411 int sqlite3VdbeMemHandleBom(Mem *pMem);
412 
413 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
414   int sqlite3VdbeMemExpandBlob(Mem *);
415 #else
416   #define sqlite3VdbeMemExpandBlob(x) SQLITE_OK
417 #endif
418 
419 #endif /* !defined(_VDBEINT_H_) */
420