xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/vdbeInt.h (revision 545311ee)
1 /*
2 ** 2003 September 6
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This is the header file for information that is private to the
13 ** VDBE.  This information used to all be at the top of the single
14 ** source code file "vdbe.c".  When that file became too big (over
15 ** 6000 lines long) it was split up into several smaller files and
16 ** this header information was factored out.
17 */
18 
19 /*
20 ** intToKey() and keyToInt() used to transform the rowid.  But with
21 ** the latest versions of the design they are no-ops.
22 */
23 #define keyToInt(X)   (X)
24 #define intToKey(X)   (X)
25 
26 /*
27 ** The makefile scans the vdbe.c source file and creates the following
28 ** array of string constants which are the names of all VDBE opcodes.  This
29 ** array is defined in a separate source code file named opcode.c which is
30 ** automatically generated by the makefile.
31 */
32 extern char *sqlite3OpcodeNames[];
33 
34 /*
35 ** SQL is translated into a sequence of instructions to be
36 ** executed by a virtual machine.  Each instruction is an instance
37 ** of the following structure.
38 */
39 typedef struct VdbeOp Op;
40 
41 /*
42 ** Boolean values
43 */
44 typedef unsigned char Bool;
45 
46 /*
47 ** A cursor is a pointer into a single BTree within a database file.
48 ** The cursor can seek to a BTree entry with a particular key, or
49 ** loop over all entries of the Btree.  You can also insert new BTree
50 ** entries or retrieve the key or data from the entry that the cursor
51 ** is currently pointing to.
52 **
53 ** Every cursor that the virtual machine has open is represented by an
54 ** instance of the following structure.
55 **
56 ** If the Cursor.isTriggerRow flag is set it means that this cursor is
57 ** really a single row that represents the NEW or OLD pseudo-table of
58 ** a row trigger.  The data for the row is stored in Cursor.pData and
59 ** the rowid is in Cursor.iKey.
60 */
61 struct Cursor {
62   BtCursor *pCursor;    /* The cursor structure of the backend */
63   int iDb;              /* Index of cursor database in db->aDb[] (or -1) */
64   i64 lastRowid;        /* Last rowid from a Next or NextIdx operation */
65   i64 nextRowid;        /* Next rowid returned by OP_NewRowid */
66   Bool zeroed;          /* True if zeroed out and ready for reuse */
67   Bool rowidIsValid;    /* True if lastRowid is valid */
68   Bool atFirst;         /* True if pointing to first entry */
69   Bool useRandomRowid;  /* Generate new record numbers semi-randomly */
70   Bool nullRow;         /* True if pointing to a row with no data */
71   Bool nextRowidValid;  /* True if the nextRowid field is valid */
72   Bool pseudoTable;     /* This is a NEW or OLD pseudo-tables of a trigger */
73   Bool deferredMoveto;  /* A call to sqlite3BtreeMoveto() is needed */
74   Bool isTable;         /* True if a table requiring integer keys */
75   Bool isIndex;         /* True if an index containing keys only - no data */
76   u8 bogusIncrKey;      /* Something for pIncrKey to point to if pKeyInfo==0 */
77   i64 movetoTarget;     /* Argument to the deferred sqlite3BtreeMoveto() */
78   Btree *pBt;           /* Separate file holding temporary table */
79   int nData;            /* Number of bytes in pData */
80   char *pData;          /* Data for a NEW or OLD pseudo-table */
81   i64 iKey;             /* Key for the NEW or OLD pseudo-table row */
82   u8 *pIncrKey;         /* Pointer to pKeyInfo->incrKey */
83   KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;    /* Info about index keys needed by index cursors */
84   int nField;           /* Number of fields in the header */
85   i64 seqCount;         /* Sequence counter */
86   sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor;  /* The cursor for a virtual table */
87   const sqlite3_module *pModule;     /* Module for cursor pVtabCursor */
88 
89   /* Cached information about the header for the data record that the
90   ** cursor is currently pointing to.  Only valid if cacheValid is true.
91   ** aRow might point to (ephemeral) data for the current row, or it might
92   ** be NULL.
93   */
94   int cacheStatus;      /* Cache is valid if this matches Vdbe.cacheCtr */
95   int payloadSize;      /* Total number of bytes in the record */
96   u32 *aType;           /* Type values for all entries in the record */
97   u32 *aOffset;         /* Cached offsets to the start of each columns data */
98   u8 *aRow;             /* Data for the current row, if all on one page */
99 };
100 typedef struct Cursor Cursor;
101 
102 /*
103 ** Number of bytes of string storage space available to each stack
104 ** layer without having to malloc.  NBFS is short for Number of Bytes
105 ** For Strings.
106 */
107 #define NBFS 32
108 
109 /*
110 ** A value for Cursor.cacheValid that means the cache is always invalid.
111 */
112 #define CACHE_STALE 0
113 
114 /*
115 ** Internally, the vdbe manipulates nearly all SQL values as Mem
116 ** structures. Each Mem struct may cache multiple representations (string,
117 ** integer etc.) of the same value.  A value (and therefore Mem structure)
118 ** has the following properties:
119 **
120 ** Each value has a manifest type. The manifest type of the value stored
121 ** in a Mem struct is returned by the MemType(Mem*) macro. The type is
122 ** one of SQLITE_NULL, SQLITE_INTEGER, SQLITE_REAL, SQLITE_TEXT or
123 ** SQLITE_BLOB.
124 */
125 struct Mem {
126   i64 i;              /* Integer value. Or FuncDef* when flags==MEM_Agg */
127   double r;           /* Real value */
128   char *z;            /* String or BLOB value */
129   int n;              /* Number of characters in string value, including '\0' */
130   u16 flags;          /* Some combination of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
131   u8  type;           /* One of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, etc. */
132   u8  enc;            /* TEXT_Utf8, TEXT_Utf16le, or TEXT_Utf16be */
133   void (*xDel)(void *);  /* If not null, call this function to delete Mem.z */
134   char zShort[NBFS];  /* Space for short strings */
135 };
136 typedef struct Mem Mem;
137 
138 /* One or more of the following flags are set to indicate the validOK
139 ** representations of the value stored in the Mem struct.
140 **
141 ** If the MEM_Null flag is set, then the value is an SQL NULL value.
142 ** No other flags may be set in this case.
143 **
144 ** If the MEM_Str flag is set then Mem.z points at a string representation.
145 ** Usually this is encoded in the same unicode encoding as the main
146 ** database (see below for exceptions). If the MEM_Term flag is also
147 ** set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real
148 ** flags may coexist with the MEM_Str flag.
149 **
150 ** Multiple of these values can appear in Mem.flags.  But only one
151 ** at a time can appear in Mem.type.
152 */
153 #define MEM_Null      0x0001   /* Value is NULL */
154 #define MEM_Str       0x0002   /* Value is a string */
155 #define MEM_Int       0x0004   /* Value is an integer */
156 #define MEM_Real      0x0008   /* Value is a real number */
157 #define MEM_Blob      0x0010   /* Value is a BLOB */
158 
159 /* Whenever Mem contains a valid string or blob representation, one of
160 ** the following flags must be set to determine the memory management
161 ** policy for Mem.z.  The MEM_Term flag tells us whether or not the
162 ** string is \000 or \u0000 terminated
163 */
164 #define MEM_Term      0x0020   /* String rep is nul terminated */
165 #define MEM_Dyn       0x0040   /* Need to call sqliteFree() on Mem.z */
166 #define MEM_Static    0x0080   /* Mem.z points to a static string */
167 #define MEM_Ephem     0x0100   /* Mem.z points to an ephemeral string */
168 #define MEM_Short     0x0200   /* Mem.z points to Mem.zShort */
169 #define MEM_Agg       0x0400   /* Mem.z points to an agg function context */
170 
171 
172 /* A VdbeFunc is just a FuncDef (defined in sqliteInt.h) that contains
173 ** additional information about auxiliary information bound to arguments
174 ** of the function.  This is used to implement the sqlite3_get_auxdata()
175 ** and sqlite3_set_auxdata() APIs.  The "auxdata" is some auxiliary data
176 ** that can be associated with a constant argument to a function.  This
177 ** allows functions such as "regexp" to compile their constant regular
178 ** expression argument once and reused the compiled code for multiple
179 ** invocations.
180 */
181 struct VdbeFunc {
182   FuncDef *pFunc;               /* The definition of the function */
183   int nAux;                     /* Number of entries allocated for apAux[] */
184   struct AuxData {
185     void *pAux;                   /* Aux data for the i-th argument */
186     void (*xDelete)(void *);      /* Destructor for the aux data */
187   } apAux[1];                   /* One slot for each function argument */
188 };
189 typedef struct VdbeFunc VdbeFunc;
190 
191 /*
192 ** The "context" argument for a installable function.  A pointer to an
193 ** instance of this structure is the first argument to the routines used
194 ** implement the SQL functions.
195 **
196 ** There is a typedef for this structure in sqlite.h.  So all routines,
197 ** even the public interface to SQLite, can use a pointer to this structure.
198 ** But this file is the only place where the internal details of this
199 ** structure are known.
200 **
201 ** This structure is defined inside of vdbeInt.h because it uses substructures
202 ** (Mem) which are only defined there.
203 */
204 struct sqlite3_context {
205   FuncDef *pFunc;       /* Pointer to function information.  MUST BE FIRST */
206   VdbeFunc *pVdbeFunc;  /* Auxilary data, if created. */
207   Mem s;                /* The return value is stored here */
208   Mem *pMem;            /* Memory cell used to store aggregate context */
209   u8 isError;           /* Set to true for an error */
210   CollSeq *pColl;       /* Collating sequence */
211 };
212 
213 /*
214 ** A Set structure is used for quick testing to see if a value
215 ** is part of a small set.  Sets are used to implement code like
216 ** this:
217 **            x.y IN ('hi','hoo','hum')
218 */
219 typedef struct Set Set;
220 struct Set {
221   Hash hash;             /* A set is just a hash table */
222   HashElem *prev;        /* Previously accessed hash elemen */
223 };
224 
225 /*
226 ** A FifoPage structure holds a single page of valves.  Pages are arranged
227 ** in a list.
228 */
229 typedef struct FifoPage FifoPage;
230 struct FifoPage {
231   int nSlot;         /* Number of entries aSlot[] */
232   int iWrite;        /* Push the next value into this entry in aSlot[] */
233   int iRead;         /* Read the next value from this entry in aSlot[] */
234   FifoPage *pNext;   /* Next page in the fifo */
235   i64 aSlot[1];      /* One or more slots for rowid values */
236 };
237 
238 /*
239 ** The Fifo structure is typedef-ed in vdbeInt.h.  But the implementation
240 ** of that structure is private to this file.
241 **
242 ** The Fifo structure describes the entire fifo.
243 */
244 typedef struct Fifo Fifo;
245 struct Fifo {
246   int nEntry;         /* Total number of entries */
247   FifoPage *pFirst;   /* First page on the list */
248   FifoPage *pLast;    /* Last page on the list */
249 };
250 
251 /*
252 ** A Context stores the last insert rowid, the last statement change count,
253 ** and the current statement change count (i.e. changes since last statement).
254 ** The current keylist is also stored in the context.
255 ** Elements of Context structure type make up the ContextStack, which is
256 ** updated by the ContextPush and ContextPop opcodes (used by triggers).
257 ** The context is pushed before executing a trigger a popped when the
258 ** trigger finishes.
259 */
260 typedef struct Context Context;
261 struct Context {
262   i64 lastRowid;    /* Last insert rowid (sqlite3.lastRowid) */
263   int nChange;      /* Statement changes (Vdbe.nChanges)     */
264   Fifo sFifo;       /* Records that will participate in a DELETE or UPDATE */
265 };
266 
267 /*
268 ** An instance of the virtual machine.  This structure contains the complete
269 ** state of the virtual machine.
270 **
271 ** The "sqlite3_stmt" structure pointer that is returned by sqlite3_compile()
272 ** is really a pointer to an instance of this structure.
273 **
274 ** The Vdbe.inVtabMethod variable is set to non-zero for the duration of
275 ** any virtual table method invocations made by the vdbe program. It is
276 ** set to 2 for xDestroy method calls and 1 for all other methods. This
277 ** variable is used for two purposes: to allow xDestroy methods to execute
278 ** "DROP TABLE" statements and to prevent some nasty side effects of
279 ** malloc failure when SQLite is invoked recursively by a virtual table
280 ** method function.
281 */
282 struct Vdbe {
283   sqlite3 *db;        /* The whole database */
284   Vdbe *pPrev,*pNext; /* Linked list of VDBEs with the same Vdbe.db */
285   FILE *trace;        /* Write an execution trace here, if not NULL */
286   int nOp;            /* Number of instructions in the program */
287   int nOpAlloc;       /* Number of slots allocated for aOp[] */
288   Op *aOp;            /* Space to hold the virtual machine's program */
289   int nLabel;         /* Number of labels used */
290   int nLabelAlloc;    /* Number of slots allocated in aLabel[] */
291   int *aLabel;        /* Space to hold the labels */
292   Mem *aStack;        /* The operand stack, except string values */
293   Mem *pTos;          /* Top entry in the operand stack */
294   Mem **apArg;        /* Arguments to currently executing user function */
295   Mem *aColName;      /* Column names to return */
296   int nCursor;        /* Number of slots in apCsr[] */
297   Cursor **apCsr;     /* One element of this array for each open cursor */
298   int nVar;           /* Number of entries in aVar[] */
299   Mem *aVar;          /* Values for the OP_Variable opcode. */
300   char **azVar;       /* Name of variables */
301   int okVar;          /* True if azVar[] has been initialized */
302   int magic;              /* Magic number for sanity checking */
303   int nMem;               /* Number of memory locations currently allocated */
304   Mem *aMem;              /* The memory locations */
305   int nCallback;          /* Number of callbacks invoked so far */
306   int cacheCtr;           /* Cursor row cache generation counter */
307   Fifo sFifo;             /* A list of ROWIDs */
308   int contextStackTop;    /* Index of top element in the context stack */
309   int contextStackDepth;  /* The size of the "context" stack */
310   Context *contextStack;  /* Stack used by opcodes ContextPush & ContextPop*/
311   int pc;                 /* The program counter */
312   int rc;                 /* Value to return */
313   unsigned uniqueCnt;     /* Used by OP_MakeRecord when P2!=0 */
314   int errorAction;        /* Recovery action to do in case of an error */
315   int inTempTrans;        /* True if temp database is transactioned */
316   int returnStack[100];   /* Return address stack for OP_Gosub & OP_Return */
317   int returnDepth;        /* Next unused element in returnStack[] */
318   int nResColumn;         /* Number of columns in one row of the result set */
319   char **azResColumn;     /* Values for one row of result */
320   int popStack;           /* Pop the stack this much on entry to VdbeExec() */
321   char *zErrMsg;          /* Error message written here */
322   u8 resOnStack;          /* True if there are result values on the stack */
323   u8 explain;             /* True if EXPLAIN present on SQL command */
324   u8 changeCntOn;         /* True to update the change-counter */
325   u8 aborted;             /* True if ROLLBACK in another VM causes an abort */
326   u8 expired;             /* True if the VM needs to be recompiled */
327   u8 minWriteFileFormat;  /* Minimum file format for writable database files */
328   u8 inVtabMethod;        /* See comments above */
329   int nChange;            /* Number of db changes made since last reset */
330   i64 startTime;          /* Time when query started - used for profiling */
331   int nSql;             /* Number of bytes in zSql */
332   char *zSql;           /* Text of the SQL statement that generated this */
333 #ifdef SQLITE_SSE
334   int fetchId;          /* Statement number used by sqlite3_fetch_statement */
335   int lru;              /* Counter used for LRU cache replacement */
336 #endif
337 };
338 
339 /*
340 ** The following are allowed values for Vdbe.magic
341 */
342 #define VDBE_MAGIC_INIT     0x26bceaa5    /* Building a VDBE program */
343 #define VDBE_MAGIC_RUN      0xbdf20da3    /* VDBE is ready to execute */
344 #define VDBE_MAGIC_HALT     0x519c2973    /* VDBE has completed execution */
345 #define VDBE_MAGIC_DEAD     0xb606c3c8    /* The VDBE has been deallocated */
346 
347 /*
348 ** Function prototypes
349 */
350 void sqlite3VdbeFreeCursor(Vdbe *, Cursor*);
351 void sqliteVdbePopStack(Vdbe*,int);
352 int sqlite3VdbeCursorMoveto(Cursor*);
353 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(VDBE_PROFILE)
354 void sqlite3VdbePrintOp(FILE*, int, Op*);
355 #endif
356 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
357 void sqlite3VdbePrintSql(Vdbe*);
358 #endif
359 int sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(u32);
360 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialType(Mem*, int);
361 int sqlite3VdbeSerialPut(unsigned char*, Mem*, int);
362 int sqlite3VdbeSerialGet(const unsigned char*, u32, Mem*);
363 void sqlite3VdbeDeleteAuxData(VdbeFunc*, int);
364 
365 int sqlite2BtreeKeyCompare(BtCursor *, const void *, int, int, int *);
366 int sqlite3VdbeIdxKeyCompare(Cursor*, int , const unsigned char*, int*);
367 int sqlite3VdbeIdxRowid(BtCursor *, i64 *);
368 int sqlite3MemCompare(const Mem*, const Mem*, const CollSeq*);
369 int sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare(void*,int,const void*,int, const void*);
370 int sqlite3VdbeIdxRowidLen(const u8*);
371 int sqlite3VdbeExec(Vdbe*);
372 int sqlite3VdbeList(Vdbe*);
373 int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe*);
374 int sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(Mem *, int);
375 int sqlite3VdbeMemCopy(Mem*, const Mem*);
376 void sqlite3VdbeMemShallowCopy(Mem*, const Mem*, int);
377 int sqlite3VdbeMemMove(Mem*, Mem*);
378 int sqlite3VdbeMemNulTerminate(Mem*);
379 int sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(Mem*, const char*, int, u8, void(*)(void*));
380 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(Mem*, i64);
381 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble(Mem*, double);
382 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(Mem*);
383 int sqlite3VdbeMemMakeWriteable(Mem*);
384 int sqlite3VdbeMemDynamicify(Mem*);
385 int sqlite3VdbeMemStringify(Mem*, int);
386 i64 sqlite3VdbeIntValue(Mem*);
387 int sqlite3VdbeMemIntegerify(Mem*);
388 double sqlite3VdbeRealValue(Mem*);
389 void sqlite3VdbeIntegerAffinity(Mem*);
390 int sqlite3VdbeMemRealify(Mem*);
391 int sqlite3VdbeMemNumerify(Mem*);
392 int sqlite3VdbeMemFromBtree(BtCursor*,int,int,int,Mem*);
393 void sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(Mem *p);
394 int sqlite3VdbeMemFinalize(Mem*, FuncDef*);
395 #ifndef NDEBUG
396 void sqlite3VdbeMemSanity(Mem*);
397 int sqlite3VdbeOpcodeNoPush(u8);
398 #endif
399 int sqlite3VdbeMemTranslate(Mem*, u8);
400 void sqlite3VdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, char *zBuf);
401 int sqlite3VdbeMemHandleBom(Mem *pMem);
402 void sqlite3VdbeFifoInit(Fifo*);
403 int sqlite3VdbeFifoPush(Fifo*, i64);
404 int sqlite3VdbeFifoPop(Fifo*, i64*);
405 void sqlite3VdbeFifoClear(Fifo*);
406