xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/vacuum.c (revision 85b623f2)
1 /*
2 ** 2003 April 6
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This file contains code used to implement the VACUUM command.
13 **
14 ** Most of the code in this file may be omitted by defining the
15 ** SQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM macro.
16 **
17 ** $Id: vacuum.c,v 1.75 2007/12/05 01:38:24 drh Exp $
18 */
19 #include "sqliteInt.h"
20 #include "vdbeInt.h"
21 
22 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_ATTACH)
23 /*
24 ** Execute zSql on database db. Return an error code.
25 */
26 static int execSql(sqlite3 *db, const char *zSql){
27   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
28   if( !zSql ){
29     return SQLITE_NOMEM;
30   }
31   if( SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3_prepare(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0) ){
32     return sqlite3_errcode(db);
33   }
34   while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){}
35   return sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
36 }
37 
38 /*
39 ** Execute zSql on database db. The statement returns exactly
40 ** one column. Execute this as SQL on the same database.
41 */
42 static int execExecSql(sqlite3 *db, const char *zSql){
43   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
44   int rc;
45 
46   rc = sqlite3_prepare(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
47   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
48 
49   while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
50     rc = execSql(db, (char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0));
51     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
52       sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
53       return rc;
54     }
55   }
56 
57   return sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
58 }
59 
60 /*
61 ** The non-standard VACUUM command is used to clean up the database,
62 ** collapse free space, etc.  It is modelled after the VACUUM command
63 ** in PostgreSQL.
64 **
65 ** In version 1.0.x of SQLite, the VACUUM command would call
66 ** gdbm_reorganize() on all the database tables.  But beginning
67 ** with 2.0.0, SQLite no longer uses GDBM so this command has
68 ** become a no-op.
69 */
70 void sqlite3Vacuum(Parse *pParse){
71   Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
72   if( v ){
73     sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Vacuum, 0, 0);
74   }
75   return;
76 }
77 
78 /*
79 ** This routine implements the OP_Vacuum opcode of the VDBE.
80 */
81 int sqlite3RunVacuum(char **pzErrMsg, sqlite3 *db){
82   int rc = SQLITE_OK;     /* Return code from service routines */
83   Btree *pMain;           /* The database being vacuumed */
84   Btree *pTemp;           /* The temporary database we vacuum into */
85   char *zSql = 0;         /* SQL statements */
86   int saved_flags;        /* Saved value of the db->flags */
87   Db *pDb = 0;            /* Database to detach at end of vacuum */
88 
89   /* Save the current value of the write-schema flag before setting it. */
90   saved_flags = db->flags;
91   db->flags |= SQLITE_WriteSchema | SQLITE_IgnoreChecks;
92 
93   if( !db->autoCommit ){
94     sqlite3SetString(pzErrMsg, "cannot VACUUM from within a transaction",
95        (char*)0);
96     rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
97     goto end_of_vacuum;
98   }
99   pMain = db->aDb[0].pBt;
100 
101   /* Attach the temporary database as 'vacuum_db'. The synchronous pragma
102   ** can be set to 'off' for this file, as it is not recovered if a crash
103   ** occurs anyway. The integrity of the database is maintained by a
104   ** (possibly synchronous) transaction opened on the main database before
105   ** sqlite3BtreeCopyFile() is called.
106   **
107   ** An optimisation would be to use a non-journaled pager.
108   */
109   zSql = "ATTACH '' AS vacuum_db;";
110   rc = execSql(db, zSql);
111   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
112   pDb = &db->aDb[db->nDb-1];
113   assert( strcmp(db->aDb[db->nDb-1].zName,"vacuum_db")==0 );
114   pTemp = db->aDb[db->nDb-1].pBt;
115   sqlite3BtreeSetPageSize(pTemp, sqlite3BtreeGetPageSize(pMain),
116      sqlite3BtreeGetReserve(pMain));
117   if( db->mallocFailed ){
118     rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
119     goto end_of_vacuum;
120   }
121   assert( sqlite3BtreeGetPageSize(pTemp)==sqlite3BtreeGetPageSize(pMain) );
122   rc = execSql(db, "PRAGMA vacuum_db.synchronous=OFF");
123   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
124     goto end_of_vacuum;
125   }
126 
127 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
128   sqlite3BtreeSetAutoVacuum(pTemp, db->nextAutovac>=0 ? db->nextAutovac :
129                                            sqlite3BtreeGetAutoVacuum(pMain));
130 #endif
131 
132   /* Begin a transaction */
133   rc = execSql(db, "BEGIN EXCLUSIVE;");
134   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
135 
136   /* Query the schema of the main database. Create a mirror schema
137   ** in the temporary database.
138   */
139   rc = execExecSql(db,
140       "SELECT 'CREATE TABLE vacuum_db.' || substr(sql,14) "
141       "  FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table' AND name!='sqlite_sequence'"
142       "   AND rootpage>0"
143   );
144   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
145   rc = execExecSql(db,
146       "SELECT 'CREATE INDEX vacuum_db.' || substr(sql,14)"
147       "  FROM sqlite_master WHERE sql LIKE 'CREATE INDEX %' ");
148   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
149   rc = execExecSql(db,
150       "SELECT 'CREATE UNIQUE INDEX vacuum_db.' || substr(sql,21) "
151       "  FROM sqlite_master WHERE sql LIKE 'CREATE UNIQUE INDEX %'");
152   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
153 
154   /* Loop through the tables in the main database. For each, do
155   ** an "INSERT INTO vacuum_db.xxx SELECT * FROM xxx;" to copy
156   ** the contents to the temporary database.
157   */
158   rc = execExecSql(db,
159       "SELECT 'INSERT INTO vacuum_db.' || quote(name) "
160       "|| ' SELECT * FROM ' || quote(name) || ';'"
161       "FROM sqlite_master "
162       "WHERE type = 'table' AND name!='sqlite_sequence' "
163       "  AND rootpage>0"
164 
165   );
166   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
167 
168   /* Copy over the sequence table
169   */
170   rc = execExecSql(db,
171       "SELECT 'DELETE FROM vacuum_db.' || quote(name) || ';' "
172       "FROM vacuum_db.sqlite_master WHERE name='sqlite_sequence' "
173   );
174   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
175   rc = execExecSql(db,
176       "SELECT 'INSERT INTO vacuum_db.' || quote(name) "
177       "|| ' SELECT * FROM ' || quote(name) || ';' "
178       "FROM vacuum_db.sqlite_master WHERE name=='sqlite_sequence';"
179   );
180   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
181 
182 
183   /* Copy the triggers, views, and virtual tables from the main database
184   ** over to the temporary database.  None of these objects has any
185   ** associated storage, so all we have to do is copy their entries
186   ** from the SQLITE_MASTER table.
187   */
188   rc = execSql(db,
189       "INSERT INTO vacuum_db.sqlite_master "
190       "  SELECT type, name, tbl_name, rootpage, sql"
191       "    FROM sqlite_master"
192       "   WHERE type='view' OR type='trigger'"
193       "      OR (type='table' AND rootpage=0)"
194   );
195   if( rc ) goto end_of_vacuum;
196 
197   /* At this point, unless the main db was completely empty, there is now a
198   ** transaction open on the vacuum database, but not on the main database.
199   ** Open a btree level transaction on the main database. This allows a
200   ** call to sqlite3BtreeCopyFile(). The main database btree level
201   ** transaction is then committed, so the SQL level never knows it was
202   ** opened for writing. This way, the SQL transaction used to create the
203   ** temporary database never needs to be committed.
204   */
205   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
206     u32 meta;
207     int i;
208 
209     /* This array determines which meta meta values are preserved in the
210     ** vacuum.  Even entries are the meta value number and odd entries
211     ** are an increment to apply to the meta value after the vacuum.
212     ** The increment is used to increase the schema cookie so that other
213     ** connections to the same database will know to reread the schema.
214     */
215     static const unsigned char aCopy[] = {
216        1, 1,    /* Add one to the old schema cookie */
217        3, 0,    /* Preserve the default page cache size */
218        5, 0,    /* Preserve the default text encoding */
219        6, 0,    /* Preserve the user version */
220     };
221 
222     assert( 1==sqlite3BtreeIsInTrans(pTemp) );
223     assert( 1==sqlite3BtreeIsInTrans(pMain) );
224 
225     /* Copy Btree meta values */
226     for(i=0; i<sizeof(aCopy)/sizeof(aCopy[0]); i+=2){
227       rc = sqlite3BtreeGetMeta(pMain, aCopy[i], &meta);
228       if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
229       rc = sqlite3BtreeUpdateMeta(pTemp, aCopy[i], meta+aCopy[i+1]);
230       if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
231     }
232 
233     rc = sqlite3BtreeCopyFile(pMain, pTemp);
234     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
235     rc = sqlite3BtreeCommit(pTemp);
236     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_of_vacuum;
237     rc = sqlite3BtreeCommit(pMain);
238   }
239 
240 end_of_vacuum:
241   /* Restore the original value of db->flags */
242   db->flags = saved_flags;
243 
244   /* Currently there is an SQL level transaction open on the vacuum
245   ** database. No locks are held on any other files (since the main file
246   ** was committed at the btree level). So it safe to end the transaction
247   ** by manually setting the autoCommit flag to true and detaching the
248   ** vacuum database. The vacuum_db journal file is deleted when the pager
249   ** is closed by the DETACH.
250   */
251   db->autoCommit = 1;
252 
253   if( pDb ){
254     sqlite3BtreeClose(pDb->pBt);
255     pDb->pBt = 0;
256     pDb->pSchema = 0;
257   }
258 
259   sqlite3ResetInternalSchema(db, 0);
260 
261   return rc;
262 }
263 #endif  /* SQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM && SQLITE_OMIT_ATTACH */
264