xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqliteInt.h (revision dfe4e6bb)
1 /*
2 ** 2001 September 15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
13 **
14 */
15 #ifndef SQLITEINT_H
16 #define SQLITEINT_H
17 
18 /* Special Comments:
19 **
20 ** Some comments have special meaning to the tools that measure test
21 ** coverage:
22 **
23 **    NO_TEST                     - The branches on this line are not
24 **                                  measured by branch coverage.  This is
25 **                                  used on lines of code that actually
26 **                                  implement parts of coverage testing.
27 **
28 **    OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE        - This branch is allowed to alway be false
29 **                                  and the correct answer is still obtained,
30 **                                  though perhaps more slowly.
31 **
32 **    OPTIMIZATION-IF-FALSE       - This branch is allowed to alway be true
33 **                                  and the correct answer is still obtained,
34 **                                  though perhaps more slowly.
35 **
36 **    PREVENTS-HARMLESS-OVERREAD  - This branch prevents a buffer overread
37 **                                  that would be harmless and undetectable
38 **                                  if it did occur.
39 **
40 ** In all cases, the special comment must be enclosed in the usual
41 ** slash-asterisk...asterisk-slash comment marks, with no spaces between the
42 ** asterisks and the comment text.
43 */
44 
45 /*
46 ** Make sure the Tcl calling convention macro is defined.  This macro is
47 ** only used by test code and Tcl integration code.
48 */
49 #ifndef SQLITE_TCLAPI
50 #  define SQLITE_TCLAPI
51 #endif
52 
53 /*
54 ** Make sure that rand_s() is available on Windows systems with MSVC 2005
55 ** or higher.
56 */
57 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1400
58 #  define _CRT_RAND_S
59 #endif
60 
61 /*
62 ** Include the header file used to customize the compiler options for MSVC.
63 ** This should be done first so that it can successfully prevent spurious
64 ** compiler warnings due to subsequent content in this file and other files
65 ** that are included by this file.
66 */
67 #include "msvc.h"
68 
69 /*
70 ** Special setup for VxWorks
71 */
72 #include "vxworks.h"
73 
74 /*
75 ** These #defines should enable >2GB file support on POSIX if the
76 ** underlying operating system supports it.  If the OS lacks
77 ** large file support, or if the OS is windows, these should be no-ops.
78 **
79 ** Ticket #2739:  The _LARGEFILE_SOURCE macro must appear before any
80 ** system #includes.  Hence, this block of code must be the very first
81 ** code in all source files.
82 **
83 ** Large file support can be disabled using the -DSQLITE_DISABLE_LFS switch
84 ** on the compiler command line.  This is necessary if you are compiling
85 ** on a recent machine (ex: Red Hat 7.2) but you want your code to work
86 ** on an older machine (ex: Red Hat 6.0).  If you compile on Red Hat 7.2
87 ** without this option, LFS is enable.  But LFS does not exist in the kernel
88 ** in Red Hat 6.0, so the code won't work.  Hence, for maximum binary
89 ** portability you should omit LFS.
90 **
91 ** The previous paragraph was written in 2005.  (This paragraph is written
92 ** on 2008-11-28.) These days, all Linux kernels support large files, so
93 ** you should probably leave LFS enabled.  But some embedded platforms might
94 ** lack LFS in which case the SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS macro might still be useful.
95 **
96 ** Similar is true for Mac OS X.  LFS is only supported on Mac OS X 9 and later.
97 */
98 #ifndef SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS
99 # define _LARGE_FILE       1
100 # ifndef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS
101 #   define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
102 # endif
103 # define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
104 #endif
105 
106 /* What version of GCC is being used.  0 means GCC is not being used */
107 #ifdef __GNUC__
108 # define GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__*1000000+__GNUC_MINOR__*1000+__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
109 #else
110 # define GCC_VERSION 0
111 #endif
112 
113 /* Needed for various definitions... */
114 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
115 # define _GNU_SOURCE
116 #endif
117 
118 #if defined(__OpenBSD__) && !defined(_BSD_SOURCE)
119 # define _BSD_SOURCE
120 #endif
121 
122 /*
123 ** For MinGW, check to see if we can include the header file containing its
124 ** version information, among other things.  Normally, this internal MinGW
125 ** header file would [only] be included automatically by other MinGW header
126 ** files; however, the contained version information is now required by this
127 ** header file to work around binary compatibility issues (see below) and
128 ** this is the only known way to reliably obtain it.  This entire #if block
129 ** would be completely unnecessary if there was any other way of detecting
130 ** MinGW via their preprocessor (e.g. if they customized their GCC to define
131 ** some MinGW-specific macros).  When compiling for MinGW, either the
132 ** _HAVE_MINGW_H or _HAVE__MINGW_H (note the extra underscore) macro must be
133 ** defined; otherwise, detection of conditions specific to MinGW will be
134 ** disabled.
135 */
136 #if defined(_HAVE_MINGW_H)
137 # include "mingw.h"
138 #elif defined(_HAVE__MINGW_H)
139 # include "_mingw.h"
140 #endif
141 
142 /*
143 ** For MinGW version 4.x (and higher), check to see if the _USE_32BIT_TIME_T
144 ** define is required to maintain binary compatibility with the MSVC runtime
145 ** library in use (e.g. for Windows XP).
146 */
147 #if !defined(_USE_32BIT_TIME_T) && !defined(_USE_64BIT_TIME_T) && \
148     defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN64) && \
149     defined(__MINGW_MAJOR_VERSION) && __MINGW_MAJOR_VERSION >= 4 && \
150     defined(__MSVCRT__)
151 # define _USE_32BIT_TIME_T
152 #endif
153 
154 /* The public SQLite interface.  The _FILE_OFFSET_BITS macro must appear
155 ** first in QNX.  Also, the _USE_32BIT_TIME_T macro must appear first for
156 ** MinGW.
157 */
158 #include "sqlite3.h"
159 
160 /*
161 ** Include the configuration header output by 'configure' if we're using the
162 ** autoconf-based build
163 */
164 #ifdef _HAVE_SQLITE_CONFIG_H
165 #include "config.h"
166 #endif
167 
168 #include "sqliteLimit.h"
169 
170 /* Disable nuisance warnings on Borland compilers */
171 #if defined(__BORLANDC__)
172 #pragma warn -rch /* unreachable code */
173 #pragma warn -ccc /* Condition is always true or false */
174 #pragma warn -aus /* Assigned value is never used */
175 #pragma warn -csu /* Comparing signed and unsigned */
176 #pragma warn -spa /* Suspicious pointer arithmetic */
177 #endif
178 
179 /*
180 ** Include standard header files as necessary
181 */
182 #ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
183 #include <stdint.h>
184 #endif
185 #ifdef HAVE_INTTYPES_H
186 #include <inttypes.h>
187 #endif
188 
189 /*
190 ** The following macros are used to cast pointers to integers and
191 ** integers to pointers.  The way you do this varies from one compiler
192 ** to the next, so we have developed the following set of #if statements
193 ** to generate appropriate macros for a wide range of compilers.
194 **
195 ** The correct "ANSI" way to do this is to use the intptr_t type.
196 ** Unfortunately, that typedef is not available on all compilers, or
197 ** if it is available, it requires an #include of specific headers
198 ** that vary from one machine to the next.
199 **
200 ** Ticket #3860:  The llvm-gcc-4.2 compiler from Apple chokes on
201 ** the ((void*)&((char*)0)[X]) construct.  But MSVC chokes on ((void*)(X)).
202 ** So we have to define the macros in different ways depending on the
203 ** compiler.
204 */
205 #if defined(__PTRDIFF_TYPE__)  /* This case should work for GCC */
206 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)(__PTRDIFF_TYPE__)(X))
207 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(__PTRDIFF_TYPE__)(X))
208 #elif !defined(__GNUC__)       /* Works for compilers other than LLVM */
209 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)&((char*)0)[X])
210 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(((char*)X)-(char*)0))
211 #elif defined(HAVE_STDINT_H)   /* Use this case if we have ANSI headers */
212 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)(intptr_t)(X))
213 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(intptr_t)(X))
214 #else                          /* Generates a warning - but it always works */
215 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)(X))
216 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(X))
217 #endif
218 
219 /*
220 ** A macro to hint to the compiler that a function should not be
221 ** inlined.
222 */
223 #if defined(__GNUC__)
224 #  define SQLITE_NOINLINE  __attribute__((noinline))
225 #elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1310
226 #  define SQLITE_NOINLINE  __declspec(noinline)
227 #else
228 #  define SQLITE_NOINLINE
229 #endif
230 
231 /*
232 ** Make sure that the compiler intrinsics we desire are enabled when
233 ** compiling with an appropriate version of MSVC unless prevented by
234 ** the SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC define.
235 */
236 #if !defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC)
237 #  if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1400
238 #    if !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
239 #      include <intrin.h>
240 #      pragma intrinsic(_byteswap_ushort)
241 #      pragma intrinsic(_byteswap_ulong)
242 #      pragma intrinsic(_ReadWriteBarrier)
243 #    else
244 #      include <cmnintrin.h>
245 #    endif
246 #  endif
247 #endif
248 
249 /*
250 ** The SQLITE_THREADSAFE macro must be defined as 0, 1, or 2.
251 ** 0 means mutexes are permanently disable and the library is never
252 ** threadsafe.  1 means the library is serialized which is the highest
253 ** level of threadsafety.  2 means the library is multithreaded - multiple
254 ** threads can use SQLite as long as no two threads try to use the same
255 ** database connection at the same time.
256 **
257 ** Older versions of SQLite used an optional THREADSAFE macro.
258 ** We support that for legacy.
259 */
260 #if !defined(SQLITE_THREADSAFE)
261 # if defined(THREADSAFE)
262 #   define SQLITE_THREADSAFE THREADSAFE
263 # else
264 #   define SQLITE_THREADSAFE 1 /* IMP: R-07272-22309 */
265 # endif
266 #endif
267 
268 /*
269 ** Powersafe overwrite is on by default.  But can be turned off using
270 ** the -DSQLITE_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE=0 command-line option.
271 */
272 #ifndef SQLITE_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE
273 # define SQLITE_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE 1
274 #endif
275 
276 /*
277 ** EVIDENCE-OF: R-25715-37072 Memory allocation statistics are enabled by
278 ** default unless SQLite is compiled with SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS=0 in
279 ** which case memory allocation statistics are disabled by default.
280 */
281 #if !defined(SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS)
282 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS 1
283 #endif
284 
285 /*
286 ** Exactly one of the following macros must be defined in order to
287 ** specify which memory allocation subsystem to use.
288 **
289 **     SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC          // Use normal system malloc()
290 **     SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC           // Use Win32 native heap API
291 **     SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC            // Use a stub allocator that always fails
292 **     SQLITE_MEMDEBUG               // Debugging version of system malloc()
293 **
294 ** On Windows, if the SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC_VALIDATE macro is defined and the
295 ** assert() macro is enabled, each call into the Win32 native heap subsystem
296 ** will cause HeapValidate to be called.  If heap validation should fail, an
297 ** assertion will be triggered.
298 **
299 ** If none of the above are defined, then set SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC as
300 ** the default.
301 */
302 #if defined(SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC) \
303   + defined(SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC) \
304   + defined(SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC) \
305   + defined(SQLITE_MEMDEBUG)>1
306 # error "Two or more of the following compile-time configuration options\
307  are defined but at most one is allowed:\
308  SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC, SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC, SQLITE_MEMDEBUG,\
309  SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC"
310 #endif
311 #if defined(SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC) \
312   + defined(SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC) \
313   + defined(SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC) \
314   + defined(SQLITE_MEMDEBUG)==0
315 # define SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC 1
316 #endif
317 
318 /*
319 ** If SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT is not zero, then try to keep the
320 ** sizes of memory allocations below this value where possible.
321 */
322 #if !defined(SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT)
323 # define SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT 1024
324 #endif
325 
326 /*
327 ** We need to define _XOPEN_SOURCE as follows in order to enable
328 ** recursive mutexes on most Unix systems and fchmod() on OpenBSD.
329 ** But _XOPEN_SOURCE define causes problems for Mac OS X, so omit
330 ** it.
331 */
332 #if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) && !defined(__DARWIN__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
333 #  define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
334 #endif
335 
336 /*
337 ** NDEBUG and SQLITE_DEBUG are opposites.  It should always be true that
338 ** defined(NDEBUG)==!defined(SQLITE_DEBUG).  If this is not currently true,
339 ** make it true by defining or undefining NDEBUG.
340 **
341 ** Setting NDEBUG makes the code smaller and faster by disabling the
342 ** assert() statements in the code.  So we want the default action
343 ** to be for NDEBUG to be set and NDEBUG to be undefined only if SQLITE_DEBUG
344 ** is set.  Thus NDEBUG becomes an opt-in rather than an opt-out
345 ** feature.
346 */
347 #if !defined(NDEBUG) && !defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
348 # define NDEBUG 1
349 #endif
350 #if defined(NDEBUG) && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
351 # undef NDEBUG
352 #endif
353 
354 /*
355 ** Enable SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS if SQLITE_DEBUG is turned on.
356 */
357 #if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS) && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
358 # define SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS 1
359 #endif
360 
361 /*
362 ** The testcase() macro is used to aid in coverage testing.  When
363 ** doing coverage testing, the condition inside the argument to
364 ** testcase() must be evaluated both true and false in order to
365 ** get full branch coverage.  The testcase() macro is inserted
366 ** to help ensure adequate test coverage in places where simple
367 ** condition/decision coverage is inadequate.  For example, testcase()
368 ** can be used to make sure boundary values are tested.  For
369 ** bitmask tests, testcase() can be used to make sure each bit
370 ** is significant and used at least once.  On switch statements
371 ** where multiple cases go to the same block of code, testcase()
372 ** can insure that all cases are evaluated.
373 **
374 */
375 #ifdef SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST
376   void sqlite3Coverage(int);
377 # define testcase(X)  if( X ){ sqlite3Coverage(__LINE__); }
378 #else
379 # define testcase(X)
380 #endif
381 
382 /*
383 ** The TESTONLY macro is used to enclose variable declarations or
384 ** other bits of code that are needed to support the arguments
385 ** within testcase() and assert() macros.
386 */
387 #if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST)
388 # define TESTONLY(X)  X
389 #else
390 # define TESTONLY(X)
391 #endif
392 
393 /*
394 ** Sometimes we need a small amount of code such as a variable initialization
395 ** to setup for a later assert() statement.  We do not want this code to
396 ** appear when assert() is disabled.  The following macro is therefore
397 ** used to contain that setup code.  The "VVA" acronym stands for
398 ** "Verification, Validation, and Accreditation".  In other words, the
399 ** code within VVA_ONLY() will only run during verification processes.
400 */
401 #ifndef NDEBUG
402 # define VVA_ONLY(X)  X
403 #else
404 # define VVA_ONLY(X)
405 #endif
406 
407 /*
408 ** The ALWAYS and NEVER macros surround boolean expressions which
409 ** are intended to always be true or false, respectively.  Such
410 ** expressions could be omitted from the code completely.  But they
411 ** are included in a few cases in order to enhance the resilience
412 ** of SQLite to unexpected behavior - to make the code "self-healing"
413 ** or "ductile" rather than being "brittle" and crashing at the first
414 ** hint of unplanned behavior.
415 **
416 ** In other words, ALWAYS and NEVER are added for defensive code.
417 **
418 ** When doing coverage testing ALWAYS and NEVER are hard-coded to
419 ** be true and false so that the unreachable code they specify will
420 ** not be counted as untested code.
421 */
422 #if defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_MUTATION_TEST)
423 # define ALWAYS(X)      (1)
424 # define NEVER(X)       (0)
425 #elif !defined(NDEBUG)
426 # define ALWAYS(X)      ((X)?1:(assert(0),0))
427 # define NEVER(X)       ((X)?(assert(0),1):0)
428 #else
429 # define ALWAYS(X)      (X)
430 # define NEVER(X)       (X)
431 #endif
432 
433 /*
434 ** Some malloc failures are only possible if SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS is
435 ** defined.  We need to defend against those failures when testing with
436 ** SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS, but we don't want the unreachable branches
437 ** during a normal build.  The following macro can be used to disable tests
438 ** that are always false except when SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS is set.
439 */
440 #if defined(SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS)
441 # define ONLY_IF_REALLOC_STRESS(X)  (X)
442 #elif !defined(NDEBUG)
443 # define ONLY_IF_REALLOC_STRESS(X)  ((X)?(assert(0),1):0)
444 #else
445 # define ONLY_IF_REALLOC_STRESS(X)  (0)
446 #endif
447 
448 /*
449 ** Declarations used for tracing the operating system interfaces.
450 */
451 #if defined(SQLITE_FORCE_OS_TRACE) || defined(SQLITE_TEST) || \
452     (defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && SQLITE_OS_WIN)
453   extern int sqlite3OSTrace;
454 # define OSTRACE(X)          if( sqlite3OSTrace ) sqlite3DebugPrintf X
455 # define SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE
456 #else
457 # define OSTRACE(X)
458 # undef  SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE
459 #endif
460 
461 /*
462 ** Is the sqlite3ErrName() function needed in the build?  Currently,
463 ** it is needed by "mutex_w32.c" (when debugging), "os_win.c" (when
464 ** OSTRACE is enabled), and by several "test*.c" files (which are
465 ** compiled using SQLITE_TEST).
466 */
467 #if defined(SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE) || defined(SQLITE_TEST) || \
468     (defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && SQLITE_OS_WIN)
469 # define SQLITE_NEED_ERR_NAME
470 #else
471 # undef  SQLITE_NEED_ERR_NAME
472 #endif
473 
474 /*
475 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS is incompatible with SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
476 */
477 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
478 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
479 #endif
480 
481 /*
482 ** Return true (non-zero) if the input is an integer that is too large
483 ** to fit in 32-bits.  This macro is used inside of various testcase()
484 ** macros to verify that we have tested SQLite for large-file support.
485 */
486 #define IS_BIG_INT(X)  (((X)&~(i64)0xffffffff)!=0)
487 
488 /*
489 ** The macro unlikely() is a hint that surrounds a boolean
490 ** expression that is usually false.  Macro likely() surrounds
491 ** a boolean expression that is usually true.  These hints could,
492 ** in theory, be used by the compiler to generate better code, but
493 ** currently they are just comments for human readers.
494 */
495 #define likely(X)    (X)
496 #define unlikely(X)  (X)
497 
498 #include "hash.h"
499 #include "parse.h"
500 #include <stdio.h>
501 #include <stdlib.h>
502 #include <string.h>
503 #include <assert.h>
504 #include <stddef.h>
505 
506 /*
507 ** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
508 ** substitute integer for floating-point
509 */
510 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
511 # define double sqlite_int64
512 # define float sqlite_int64
513 # define LONGDOUBLE_TYPE sqlite_int64
514 # ifndef SQLITE_BIG_DBL
515 #   define SQLITE_BIG_DBL (((sqlite3_int64)1)<<50)
516 # endif
517 # define SQLITE_OMIT_DATETIME_FUNCS 1
518 # define SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE 1
519 # undef SQLITE_MIXED_ENDIAN_64BIT_FLOAT
520 # undef SQLITE_HAVE_ISNAN
521 #endif
522 #ifndef SQLITE_BIG_DBL
523 # define SQLITE_BIG_DBL (1e99)
524 #endif
525 
526 /*
527 ** OMIT_TEMPDB is set to 1 if SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB is defined, or 0
528 ** afterward. Having this macro allows us to cause the C compiler
529 ** to omit code used by TEMP tables without messy #ifndef statements.
530 */
531 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB
532 #define OMIT_TEMPDB 1
533 #else
534 #define OMIT_TEMPDB 0
535 #endif
536 
537 /*
538 ** The "file format" number is an integer that is incremented whenever
539 ** the VDBE-level file format changes.  The following macros define the
540 ** the default file format for new databases and the maximum file format
541 ** that the library can read.
542 */
543 #define SQLITE_MAX_FILE_FORMAT 4
544 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT
545 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT 4
546 #endif
547 
548 /*
549 ** Determine whether triggers are recursive by default.  This can be
550 ** changed at run-time using a pragma.
551 */
552 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS
553 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS 0
554 #endif
555 
556 /*
557 ** Provide a default value for SQLITE_TEMP_STORE in case it is not specified
558 ** on the command-line
559 */
560 #ifndef SQLITE_TEMP_STORE
561 # define SQLITE_TEMP_STORE 1
562 # define SQLITE_TEMP_STORE_xc 1  /* Exclude from ctime.c */
563 #endif
564 
565 /*
566 ** If no value has been provided for SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS, or if
567 ** SQLITE_TEMP_STORE is set to 3 (never use temporary files), set it
568 ** to zero.
569 */
570 #if SQLITE_TEMP_STORE==3 || SQLITE_THREADSAFE==0
571 # undef SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
572 # define SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS 0
573 #endif
574 #ifndef SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
575 # define SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS 8
576 #endif
577 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS
578 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS 0
579 #endif
580 #if SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS>SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
581 # undef SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
582 # define SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS
583 #endif
584 
585 /*
586 ** The default initial allocation for the pagecache when using separate
587 ** pagecaches for each database connection.  A positive number is the
588 ** number of pages.  A negative number N translations means that a buffer
589 ** of -1024*N bytes is allocated and used for as many pages as it will hold.
590 */
591 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_PCACHE_INITSZ
592 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_PCACHE_INITSZ 100
593 #endif
594 
595 /*
596 ** GCC does not define the offsetof() macro so we'll have to do it
597 ** ourselves.
598 */
599 #ifndef offsetof
600 #define offsetof(STRUCTURE,FIELD) ((int)((char*)&((STRUCTURE*)0)->FIELD))
601 #endif
602 
603 /*
604 ** Macros to compute minimum and maximum of two numbers.
605 */
606 #ifndef MIN
607 # define MIN(A,B) ((A)<(B)?(A):(B))
608 #endif
609 #ifndef MAX
610 # define MAX(A,B) ((A)>(B)?(A):(B))
611 #endif
612 
613 /*
614 ** Swap two objects of type TYPE.
615 */
616 #define SWAP(TYPE,A,B) {TYPE t=A; A=B; B=t;}
617 
618 /*
619 ** Check to see if this machine uses EBCDIC.  (Yes, believe it or
620 ** not, there are still machines out there that use EBCDIC.)
621 */
622 #if 'A' == '\301'
623 # define SQLITE_EBCDIC 1
624 #else
625 # define SQLITE_ASCII 1
626 #endif
627 
628 /*
629 ** Integers of known sizes.  These typedefs might change for architectures
630 ** where the sizes very.  Preprocessor macros are available so that the
631 ** types can be conveniently redefined at compile-type.  Like this:
632 **
633 **         cc '-DUINTPTR_TYPE=long long int' ...
634 */
635 #ifndef UINT32_TYPE
636 # ifdef HAVE_UINT32_T
637 #  define UINT32_TYPE uint32_t
638 # else
639 #  define UINT32_TYPE unsigned int
640 # endif
641 #endif
642 #ifndef UINT16_TYPE
643 # ifdef HAVE_UINT16_T
644 #  define UINT16_TYPE uint16_t
645 # else
646 #  define UINT16_TYPE unsigned short int
647 # endif
648 #endif
649 #ifndef INT16_TYPE
650 # ifdef HAVE_INT16_T
651 #  define INT16_TYPE int16_t
652 # else
653 #  define INT16_TYPE short int
654 # endif
655 #endif
656 #ifndef UINT8_TYPE
657 # ifdef HAVE_UINT8_T
658 #  define UINT8_TYPE uint8_t
659 # else
660 #  define UINT8_TYPE unsigned char
661 # endif
662 #endif
663 #ifndef INT8_TYPE
664 # ifdef HAVE_INT8_T
665 #  define INT8_TYPE int8_t
666 # else
667 #  define INT8_TYPE signed char
668 # endif
669 #endif
670 #ifndef LONGDOUBLE_TYPE
671 # define LONGDOUBLE_TYPE long double
672 #endif
673 typedef sqlite_int64 i64;          /* 8-byte signed integer */
674 typedef sqlite_uint64 u64;         /* 8-byte unsigned integer */
675 typedef UINT32_TYPE u32;           /* 4-byte unsigned integer */
676 typedef UINT16_TYPE u16;           /* 2-byte unsigned integer */
677 typedef INT16_TYPE i16;            /* 2-byte signed integer */
678 typedef UINT8_TYPE u8;             /* 1-byte unsigned integer */
679 typedef INT8_TYPE i8;              /* 1-byte signed integer */
680 
681 /*
682 ** SQLITE_MAX_U32 is a u64 constant that is the maximum u64 value
683 ** that can be stored in a u32 without loss of data.  The value
684 ** is 0x00000000ffffffff.  But because of quirks of some compilers, we
685 ** have to specify the value in the less intuitive manner shown:
686 */
687 #define SQLITE_MAX_U32  ((((u64)1)<<32)-1)
688 
689 /*
690 ** The datatype used to store estimates of the number of rows in a
691 ** table or index.  This is an unsigned integer type.  For 99.9% of
692 ** the world, a 32-bit integer is sufficient.  But a 64-bit integer
693 ** can be used at compile-time if desired.
694 */
695 #ifdef SQLITE_64BIT_STATS
696  typedef u64 tRowcnt;    /* 64-bit only if requested at compile-time */
697 #else
698  typedef u32 tRowcnt;    /* 32-bit is the default */
699 #endif
700 
701 /*
702 ** Estimated quantities used for query planning are stored as 16-bit
703 ** logarithms.  For quantity X, the value stored is 10*log2(X).  This
704 ** gives a possible range of values of approximately 1.0e986 to 1e-986.
705 ** But the allowed values are "grainy".  Not every value is representable.
706 ** For example, quantities 16 and 17 are both represented by a LogEst
707 ** of 40.  However, since LogEst quantities are suppose to be estimates,
708 ** not exact values, this imprecision is not a problem.
709 **
710 ** "LogEst" is short for "Logarithmic Estimate".
711 **
712 ** Examples:
713 **      1 -> 0              20 -> 43          10000 -> 132
714 **      2 -> 10             25 -> 46          25000 -> 146
715 **      3 -> 16            100 -> 66        1000000 -> 199
716 **      4 -> 20           1000 -> 99        1048576 -> 200
717 **     10 -> 33           1024 -> 100    4294967296 -> 320
718 **
719 ** The LogEst can be negative to indicate fractional values.
720 ** Examples:
721 **
722 **    0.5 -> -10           0.1 -> -33        0.0625 -> -40
723 */
724 typedef INT16_TYPE LogEst;
725 
726 /*
727 ** Set the SQLITE_PTRSIZE macro to the number of bytes in a pointer
728 */
729 #ifndef SQLITE_PTRSIZE
730 # if defined(__SIZEOF_POINTER__)
731 #   define SQLITE_PTRSIZE __SIZEOF_POINTER__
732 # elif defined(i386)     || defined(__i386__)   || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
733        defined(_M_ARM)   || defined(__arm__)    || defined(__x86)
734 #   define SQLITE_PTRSIZE 4
735 # else
736 #   define SQLITE_PTRSIZE 8
737 # endif
738 #endif
739 
740 /* The uptr type is an unsigned integer large enough to hold a pointer
741 */
742 #if defined(HAVE_STDINT_H)
743   typedef uintptr_t uptr;
744 #elif SQLITE_PTRSIZE==4
745   typedef u32 uptr;
746 #else
747   typedef u64 uptr;
748 #endif
749 
750 /*
751 ** The SQLITE_WITHIN(P,S,E) macro checks to see if pointer P points to
752 ** something between S (inclusive) and E (exclusive).
753 **
754 ** In other words, S is a buffer and E is a pointer to the first byte after
755 ** the end of buffer S.  This macro returns true if P points to something
756 ** contained within the buffer S.
757 */
758 #define SQLITE_WITHIN(P,S,E) (((uptr)(P)>=(uptr)(S))&&((uptr)(P)<(uptr)(E)))
759 
760 
761 /*
762 ** Macros to determine whether the machine is big or little endian,
763 ** and whether or not that determination is run-time or compile-time.
764 **
765 ** For best performance, an attempt is made to guess at the byte-order
766 ** using C-preprocessor macros.  If that is unsuccessful, or if
767 ** -DSQLITE_RUNTIME_BYTEORDER=1 is set, then byte-order is determined
768 ** at run-time.
769 */
770 #if (defined(i386)     || defined(__i386__)   || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
771      defined(__x86_64) || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X64)  ||    \
772      defined(_M_AMD64) || defined(_M_ARM)     || defined(__x86)   ||    \
773      defined(__arm__)) && !defined(SQLITE_RUNTIME_BYTEORDER)
774 # define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    1234
775 # define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    0
776 # define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN 1
777 # define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE  SQLITE_UTF16LE
778 #endif
779 #if (defined(sparc)    || defined(__ppc__))  \
780     && !defined(SQLITE_RUNTIME_BYTEORDER)
781 # define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    4321
782 # define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    1
783 # define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN 0
784 # define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE  SQLITE_UTF16BE
785 #endif
786 #if !defined(SQLITE_BYTEORDER)
787 # ifdef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
788   const int sqlite3one = 1;
789 # else
790   extern const int sqlite3one;
791 # endif
792 # define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    0     /* 0 means "unknown at compile-time" */
793 # define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    (*(char *)(&sqlite3one)==0)
794 # define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN (*(char *)(&sqlite3one)==1)
795 # define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE  (SQLITE_BIGENDIAN?SQLITE_UTF16BE:SQLITE_UTF16LE)
796 #endif
797 
798 /*
799 ** Constants for the largest and smallest possible 64-bit signed integers.
800 ** These macros are designed to work correctly on both 32-bit and 64-bit
801 ** compilers.
802 */
803 #define LARGEST_INT64  (0xffffffff|(((i64)0x7fffffff)<<32))
804 #define SMALLEST_INT64 (((i64)-1) - LARGEST_INT64)
805 
806 /*
807 ** Round up a number to the next larger multiple of 8.  This is used
808 ** to force 8-byte alignment on 64-bit architectures.
809 */
810 #define ROUND8(x)     (((x)+7)&~7)
811 
812 /*
813 ** Round down to the nearest multiple of 8
814 */
815 #define ROUNDDOWN8(x) ((x)&~7)
816 
817 /*
818 ** Assert that the pointer X is aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  This
819 ** macro is used only within assert() to verify that the code gets
820 ** all alignment restrictions correct.
821 **
822 ** Except, if SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC is defined, then the
823 ** underlying malloc() implementation might return us 4-byte aligned
824 ** pointers.  In that case, only verify 4-byte alignment.
825 */
826 #ifdef SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC
827 # define EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(X)   ((((char*)(X) - (char*)0)&3)==0)
828 #else
829 # define EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(X)   ((((char*)(X) - (char*)0)&7)==0)
830 #endif
831 
832 /*
833 ** Disable MMAP on platforms where it is known to not work
834 */
835 #if defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__QNXNTO__)
836 # undef SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
837 # define SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE 0
838 #endif
839 
840 /*
841 ** Default maximum size of memory used by memory-mapped I/O in the VFS
842 */
843 #ifdef __APPLE__
844 # include <TargetConditionals.h>
845 #endif
846 #ifndef SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
847 # if defined(__linux__) \
848   || defined(_WIN32) \
849   || (defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)) \
850   || defined(__sun) \
851   || defined(__FreeBSD__) \
852   || defined(__DragonFly__)
853 #   define SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE 0x7fff0000  /* 2147418112 */
854 # else
855 #   define SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE 0
856 # endif
857 # define SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE_xc 1 /* exclude from ctime.c */
858 #endif
859 
860 /*
861 ** The default MMAP_SIZE is zero on all platforms.  Or, even if a larger
862 ** default MMAP_SIZE is specified at compile-time, make sure that it does
863 ** not exceed the maximum mmap size.
864 */
865 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE
866 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE 0
867 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE_xc 1  /* Exclude from ctime.c */
868 #endif
869 #if SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE>SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
870 # undef SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE
871 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
872 #endif
873 
874 /*
875 ** Only one of SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3 or SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4 can be defined.
876 ** Priority is given to SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4.  If either are defined, also
877 ** define SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
878 */
879 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
880 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3
881 # define SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4 1
882 #elif SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3
883 # define SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4 1
884 #elif SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
885 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
886 #endif
887 
888 /*
889 ** SELECTTRACE_ENABLED will be either 1 or 0 depending on whether or not
890 ** the Select query generator tracing logic is turned on.
891 */
892 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SELECTTRACE)
893 # define SELECTTRACE_ENABLED 1
894 #else
895 # define SELECTTRACE_ENABLED 0
896 #endif
897 
898 /*
899 ** An instance of the following structure is used to store the busy-handler
900 ** callback for a given sqlite handle.
901 **
902 ** The sqlite.busyHandler member of the sqlite struct contains the busy
903 ** callback for the database handle. Each pager opened via the sqlite
904 ** handle is passed a pointer to sqlite.busyHandler. The busy-handler
905 ** callback is currently invoked only from within pager.c.
906 */
907 typedef struct BusyHandler BusyHandler;
908 struct BusyHandler {
909   int (*xFunc)(void *,int);  /* The busy callback */
910   void *pArg;                /* First arg to busy callback */
911   int nBusy;                 /* Incremented with each busy call */
912 };
913 
914 /*
915 ** Name of the master database table.  The master database table
916 ** is a special table that holds the names and attributes of all
917 ** user tables and indices.
918 */
919 #define MASTER_NAME       "sqlite_master"
920 #define TEMP_MASTER_NAME  "sqlite_temp_master"
921 
922 /*
923 ** The root-page of the master database table.
924 */
925 #define MASTER_ROOT       1
926 
927 /*
928 ** The name of the schema table.
929 */
930 #define SCHEMA_TABLE(x)  ((!OMIT_TEMPDB)&&(x==1)?TEMP_MASTER_NAME:MASTER_NAME)
931 
932 /*
933 ** A convenience macro that returns the number of elements in
934 ** an array.
935 */
936 #define ArraySize(X)    ((int)(sizeof(X)/sizeof(X[0])))
937 
938 /*
939 ** Determine if the argument is a power of two
940 */
941 #define IsPowerOfTwo(X) (((X)&((X)-1))==0)
942 
943 /*
944 ** The following value as a destructor means to use sqlite3DbFree().
945 ** The sqlite3DbFree() routine requires two parameters instead of the
946 ** one parameter that destructors normally want.  So we have to introduce
947 ** this magic value that the code knows to handle differently.  Any
948 ** pointer will work here as long as it is distinct from SQLITE_STATIC
949 ** and SQLITE_TRANSIENT.
950 */
951 #define SQLITE_DYNAMIC   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)sqlite3MallocSize)
952 
953 /*
954 ** When SQLITE_OMIT_WSD is defined, it means that the target platform does
955 ** not support Writable Static Data (WSD) such as global and static variables.
956 ** All variables must either be on the stack or dynamically allocated from
957 ** the heap.  When WSD is unsupported, the variable declarations scattered
958 ** throughout the SQLite code must become constants instead.  The SQLITE_WSD
959 ** macro is used for this purpose.  And instead of referencing the variable
960 ** directly, we use its constant as a key to lookup the run-time allocated
961 ** buffer that holds real variable.  The constant is also the initializer
962 ** for the run-time allocated buffer.
963 **
964 ** In the usual case where WSD is supported, the SQLITE_WSD and GLOBAL
965 ** macros become no-ops and have zero performance impact.
966 */
967 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
968   #define SQLITE_WSD const
969   #define GLOBAL(t,v) (*(t*)sqlite3_wsd_find((void*)&(v), sizeof(v)))
970   #define sqlite3GlobalConfig GLOBAL(struct Sqlite3Config, sqlite3Config)
971   int sqlite3_wsd_init(int N, int J);
972   void *sqlite3_wsd_find(void *K, int L);
973 #else
974   #define SQLITE_WSD
975   #define GLOBAL(t,v) v
976   #define sqlite3GlobalConfig sqlite3Config
977 #endif
978 
979 /*
980 ** The following macros are used to suppress compiler warnings and to
981 ** make it clear to human readers when a function parameter is deliberately
982 ** left unused within the body of a function. This usually happens when
983 ** a function is called via a function pointer. For example the
984 ** implementation of an SQL aggregate step callback may not use the
985 ** parameter indicating the number of arguments passed to the aggregate,
986 ** if it knows that this is enforced elsewhere.
987 **
988 ** When a function parameter is not used at all within the body of a function,
989 ** it is generally named "NotUsed" or "NotUsed2" to make things even clearer.
990 ** However, these macros may also be used to suppress warnings related to
991 ** parameters that may or may not be used depending on compilation options.
992 ** For example those parameters only used in assert() statements. In these
993 ** cases the parameters are named as per the usual conventions.
994 */
995 #define UNUSED_PARAMETER(x) (void)(x)
996 #define UNUSED_PARAMETER2(x,y) UNUSED_PARAMETER(x),UNUSED_PARAMETER(y)
997 
998 /*
999 ** Forward references to structures
1000 */
1001 typedef struct AggInfo AggInfo;
1002 typedef struct AuthContext AuthContext;
1003 typedef struct AutoincInfo AutoincInfo;
1004 typedef struct Bitvec Bitvec;
1005 typedef struct CollSeq CollSeq;
1006 typedef struct Column Column;
1007 typedef struct Db Db;
1008 typedef struct Schema Schema;
1009 typedef struct Expr Expr;
1010 typedef struct ExprList ExprList;
1011 typedef struct ExprSpan ExprSpan;
1012 typedef struct FKey FKey;
1013 typedef struct FuncDestructor FuncDestructor;
1014 typedef struct FuncDef FuncDef;
1015 typedef struct FuncDefHash FuncDefHash;
1016 typedef struct IdList IdList;
1017 typedef struct Index Index;
1018 typedef struct IndexSample IndexSample;
1019 typedef struct KeyClass KeyClass;
1020 typedef struct KeyInfo KeyInfo;
1021 typedef struct Lookaside Lookaside;
1022 typedef struct LookasideSlot LookasideSlot;
1023 typedef struct Module Module;
1024 typedef struct NameContext NameContext;
1025 typedef struct Parse Parse;
1026 typedef struct PreUpdate PreUpdate;
1027 typedef struct PrintfArguments PrintfArguments;
1028 typedef struct RowSet RowSet;
1029 typedef struct Savepoint Savepoint;
1030 typedef struct Select Select;
1031 typedef struct SQLiteThread SQLiteThread;
1032 typedef struct SelectDest SelectDest;
1033 typedef struct SrcList SrcList;
1034 typedef struct StrAccum StrAccum;
1035 typedef struct Table Table;
1036 typedef struct TableLock TableLock;
1037 typedef struct Token Token;
1038 typedef struct TreeView TreeView;
1039 typedef struct Trigger Trigger;
1040 typedef struct TriggerPrg TriggerPrg;
1041 typedef struct TriggerStep TriggerStep;
1042 typedef struct UnpackedRecord UnpackedRecord;
1043 typedef struct VTable VTable;
1044 typedef struct VtabCtx VtabCtx;
1045 typedef struct Walker Walker;
1046 typedef struct WhereInfo WhereInfo;
1047 typedef struct With With;
1048 
1049 /*
1050 ** Defer sourcing vdbe.h and btree.h until after the "u8" and
1051 ** "BusyHandler" typedefs. vdbe.h also requires a few of the opaque
1052 ** pointer types (i.e. FuncDef) defined above.
1053 */
1054 #include "btree.h"
1055 #include "vdbe.h"
1056 #include "pager.h"
1057 #include "pcache.h"
1058 #include "os.h"
1059 #include "mutex.h"
1060 
1061 /* The SQLITE_EXTRA_DURABLE compile-time option used to set the default
1062 ** synchronous setting to EXTRA.  It is no longer supported.
1063 */
1064 #ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_DURABLE
1065 # warning Use SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS=3 instead of SQLITE_EXTRA_DURABLE
1066 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS 3
1067 #endif
1068 
1069 /*
1070 ** Default synchronous levels.
1071 **
1072 ** Note that (for historcal reasons) the PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_* macros differ
1073 ** from the SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS value by 1.
1074 **
1075 **           PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS       DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
1076 **   OFF           1                         0
1077 **   NORMAL        2                         1
1078 **   FULL          3                         2
1079 **   EXTRA         4                         3
1080 **
1081 ** The "PRAGMA synchronous" statement also uses the zero-based numbers.
1082 ** In other words, the zero-based numbers are used for all external interfaces
1083 ** and the one-based values are used internally.
1084 */
1085 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
1086 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS (PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_FULL-1)
1087 #endif
1088 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS
1089 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
1090 #endif
1091 
1092 /*
1093 ** Each database file to be accessed by the system is an instance
1094 ** of the following structure.  There are normally two of these structures
1095 ** in the sqlite.aDb[] array.  aDb[0] is the main database file and
1096 ** aDb[1] is the database file used to hold temporary tables.  Additional
1097 ** databases may be attached.
1098 */
1099 struct Db {
1100   char *zDbSName;      /* Name of this database. (schema name, not filename) */
1101   Btree *pBt;          /* The B*Tree structure for this database file */
1102   u8 safety_level;     /* How aggressive at syncing data to disk */
1103   u8 bSyncSet;         /* True if "PRAGMA synchronous=N" has been run */
1104   Schema *pSchema;     /* Pointer to database schema (possibly shared) */
1105 };
1106 
1107 /*
1108 ** An instance of the following structure stores a database schema.
1109 **
1110 ** Most Schema objects are associated with a Btree.  The exception is
1111 ** the Schema for the TEMP databaes (sqlite3.aDb[1]) which is free-standing.
1112 ** In shared cache mode, a single Schema object can be shared by multiple
1113 ** Btrees that refer to the same underlying BtShared object.
1114 **
1115 ** Schema objects are automatically deallocated when the last Btree that
1116 ** references them is destroyed.   The TEMP Schema is manually freed by
1117 ** sqlite3_close().
1118 *
1119 ** A thread must be holding a mutex on the corresponding Btree in order
1120 ** to access Schema content.  This implies that the thread must also be
1121 ** holding a mutex on the sqlite3 connection pointer that owns the Btree.
1122 ** For a TEMP Schema, only the connection mutex is required.
1123 */
1124 struct Schema {
1125   int schema_cookie;   /* Database schema version number for this file */
1126   int iGeneration;     /* Generation counter.  Incremented with each change */
1127   Hash tblHash;        /* All tables indexed by name */
1128   Hash idxHash;        /* All (named) indices indexed by name */
1129   Hash trigHash;       /* All triggers indexed by name */
1130   Hash fkeyHash;       /* All foreign keys by referenced table name */
1131   Table *pSeqTab;      /* The sqlite_sequence table used by AUTOINCREMENT */
1132   u8 file_format;      /* Schema format version for this file */
1133   u8 enc;              /* Text encoding used by this database */
1134   u16 schemaFlags;     /* Flags associated with this schema */
1135   int cache_size;      /* Number of pages to use in the cache */
1136 };
1137 
1138 /*
1139 ** These macros can be used to test, set, or clear bits in the
1140 ** Db.pSchema->flags field.
1141 */
1142 #define DbHasProperty(D,I,P)     (((D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags&(P))==(P))
1143 #define DbHasAnyProperty(D,I,P)  (((D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags&(P))!=0)
1144 #define DbSetProperty(D,I,P)     (D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags|=(P)
1145 #define DbClearProperty(D,I,P)   (D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags&=~(P)
1146 
1147 /*
1148 ** Allowed values for the DB.pSchema->flags field.
1149 **
1150 ** The DB_SchemaLoaded flag is set after the database schema has been
1151 ** read into internal hash tables.
1152 **
1153 ** DB_UnresetViews means that one or more views have column names that
1154 ** have been filled out.  If the schema changes, these column names might
1155 ** changes and so the view will need to be reset.
1156 */
1157 #define DB_SchemaLoaded    0x0001  /* The schema has been loaded */
1158 #define DB_UnresetViews    0x0002  /* Some views have defined column names */
1159 #define DB_Empty           0x0004  /* The file is empty (length 0 bytes) */
1160 
1161 /*
1162 ** The number of different kinds of things that can be limited
1163 ** using the sqlite3_limit() interface.
1164 */
1165 #define SQLITE_N_LIMIT (SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS+1)
1166 
1167 /*
1168 ** Lookaside malloc is a set of fixed-size buffers that can be used
1169 ** to satisfy small transient memory allocation requests for objects
1170 ** associated with a particular database connection.  The use of
1171 ** lookaside malloc provides a significant performance enhancement
1172 ** (approx 10%) by avoiding numerous malloc/free requests while parsing
1173 ** SQL statements.
1174 **
1175 ** The Lookaside structure holds configuration information about the
1176 ** lookaside malloc subsystem.  Each available memory allocation in
1177 ** the lookaside subsystem is stored on a linked list of LookasideSlot
1178 ** objects.
1179 **
1180 ** Lookaside allocations are only allowed for objects that are associated
1181 ** with a particular database connection.  Hence, schema information cannot
1182 ** be stored in lookaside because in shared cache mode the schema information
1183 ** is shared by multiple database connections.  Therefore, while parsing
1184 ** schema information, the Lookaside.bEnabled flag is cleared so that
1185 ** lookaside allocations are not used to construct the schema objects.
1186 */
1187 struct Lookaside {
1188   u32 bDisable;           /* Only operate the lookaside when zero */
1189   u16 sz;                 /* Size of each buffer in bytes */
1190   u8 bMalloced;           /* True if pStart obtained from sqlite3_malloc() */
1191   int nOut;               /* Number of buffers currently checked out */
1192   int mxOut;              /* Highwater mark for nOut */
1193   int anStat[3];          /* 0: hits.  1: size misses.  2: full misses */
1194   LookasideSlot *pFree;   /* List of available buffers */
1195   void *pStart;           /* First byte of available memory space */
1196   void *pEnd;             /* First byte past end of available space */
1197 };
1198 struct LookasideSlot {
1199   LookasideSlot *pNext;    /* Next buffer in the list of free buffers */
1200 };
1201 
1202 /*
1203 ** A hash table for built-in function definitions.  (Application-defined
1204 ** functions use a regular table table from hash.h.)
1205 **
1206 ** Hash each FuncDef structure into one of the FuncDefHash.a[] slots.
1207 ** Collisions are on the FuncDef.u.pHash chain.
1208 */
1209 #define SQLITE_FUNC_HASH_SZ 23
1210 struct FuncDefHash {
1211   FuncDef *a[SQLITE_FUNC_HASH_SZ];       /* Hash table for functions */
1212 };
1213 
1214 #ifdef SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
1215 /*
1216 ** Information held in the "sqlite3" database connection object and used
1217 ** to manage user authentication.
1218 */
1219 typedef struct sqlite3_userauth sqlite3_userauth;
1220 struct sqlite3_userauth {
1221   u8 authLevel;                 /* Current authentication level */
1222   int nAuthPW;                  /* Size of the zAuthPW in bytes */
1223   char *zAuthPW;                /* Password used to authenticate */
1224   char *zAuthUser;              /* User name used to authenticate */
1225 };
1226 
1227 /* Allowed values for sqlite3_userauth.authLevel */
1228 #define UAUTH_Unknown     0     /* Authentication not yet checked */
1229 #define UAUTH_Fail        1     /* User authentication failed */
1230 #define UAUTH_User        2     /* Authenticated as a normal user */
1231 #define UAUTH_Admin       3     /* Authenticated as an administrator */
1232 
1233 /* Functions used only by user authorization logic */
1234 int sqlite3UserAuthTable(const char*);
1235 int sqlite3UserAuthCheckLogin(sqlite3*,const char*,u8*);
1236 void sqlite3UserAuthInit(sqlite3*);
1237 void sqlite3CryptFunc(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
1238 
1239 #endif /* SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION */
1240 
1241 /*
1242 ** typedef for the authorization callback function.
1243 */
1244 #ifdef SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
1245   typedef int (*sqlite3_xauth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,
1246                                const char*, const char*);
1247 #else
1248   typedef int (*sqlite3_xauth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,
1249                                const char*);
1250 #endif
1251 
1252 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
1253 /* This is an extra SQLITE_TRACE macro that indicates "legacy" tracing
1254 ** in the style of sqlite3_trace()
1255 */
1256 #define SQLITE_TRACE_LEGACY  0x80
1257 #else
1258 #define SQLITE_TRACE_LEGACY  0
1259 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED */
1260 
1261 
1262 /*
1263 ** Each database connection is an instance of the following structure.
1264 */
1265 struct sqlite3 {
1266   sqlite3_vfs *pVfs;            /* OS Interface */
1267   struct Vdbe *pVdbe;           /* List of active virtual machines */
1268   CollSeq *pDfltColl;           /* The default collating sequence (BINARY) */
1269   sqlite3_mutex *mutex;         /* Connection mutex */
1270   Db *aDb;                      /* All backends */
1271   int nDb;                      /* Number of backends currently in use */
1272   int flags;                    /* Miscellaneous flags. See below */
1273   i64 lastRowid;                /* ROWID of most recent insert (see above) */
1274   i64 szMmap;                   /* Default mmap_size setting */
1275   unsigned int openFlags;       /* Flags passed to sqlite3_vfs.xOpen() */
1276   int errCode;                  /* Most recent error code (SQLITE_*) */
1277   int errMask;                  /* & result codes with this before returning */
1278   int iSysErrno;                /* Errno value from last system error */
1279   u16 dbOptFlags;               /* Flags to enable/disable optimizations */
1280   u8 enc;                       /* Text encoding */
1281   u8 autoCommit;                /* The auto-commit flag. */
1282   u8 temp_store;                /* 1: file 2: memory 0: default */
1283   u8 mallocFailed;              /* True if we have seen a malloc failure */
1284   u8 bBenignMalloc;             /* Do not require OOMs if true */
1285   u8 dfltLockMode;              /* Default locking-mode for attached dbs */
1286   signed char nextAutovac;      /* Autovac setting after VACUUM if >=0 */
1287   u8 suppressErr;               /* Do not issue error messages if true */
1288   u8 vtabOnConflict;            /* Value to return for s3_vtab_on_conflict() */
1289   u8 isTransactionSavepoint;    /* True if the outermost savepoint is a TS */
1290   u8 mTrace;                    /* zero or more SQLITE_TRACE flags */
1291   int nextPagesize;             /* Pagesize after VACUUM if >0 */
1292   u32 magic;                    /* Magic number for detect library misuse */
1293   int nChange;                  /* Value returned by sqlite3_changes() */
1294   int nTotalChange;             /* Value returned by sqlite3_total_changes() */
1295   int aLimit[SQLITE_N_LIMIT];   /* Limits */
1296   int nMaxSorterMmap;           /* Maximum size of regions mapped by sorter */
1297   struct sqlite3InitInfo {      /* Information used during initialization */
1298     int newTnum;                /* Rootpage of table being initialized */
1299     u8 iDb;                     /* Which db file is being initialized */
1300     u8 busy;                    /* TRUE if currently initializing */
1301     u8 orphanTrigger;           /* Last statement is orphaned TEMP trigger */
1302     u8 imposterTable;           /* Building an imposter table */
1303   } init;
1304   int nVdbeActive;              /* Number of VDBEs currently running */
1305   int nVdbeRead;                /* Number of active VDBEs that read or write */
1306   int nVdbeWrite;               /* Number of active VDBEs that read and write */
1307   int nVdbeExec;                /* Number of nested calls to VdbeExec() */
1308   int nVDestroy;                /* Number of active OP_VDestroy operations */
1309   int nExtension;               /* Number of loaded extensions */
1310   void **aExtension;            /* Array of shared library handles */
1311   int (*xTrace)(u32,void*,void*,void*);     /* Trace function */
1312   void *pTraceArg;                          /* Argument to the trace function */
1313   void (*xProfile)(void*,const char*,u64);  /* Profiling function */
1314   void *pProfileArg;                        /* Argument to profile function */
1315   void *pCommitArg;                 /* Argument to xCommitCallback() */
1316   int (*xCommitCallback)(void*);    /* Invoked at every commit. */
1317   void *pRollbackArg;               /* Argument to xRollbackCallback() */
1318   void (*xRollbackCallback)(void*); /* Invoked at every commit. */
1319   void *pUpdateArg;
1320   void (*xUpdateCallback)(void*,int, const char*,const char*,sqlite_int64);
1321 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
1322   void *pPreUpdateArg;          /* First argument to xPreUpdateCallback */
1323   void (*xPreUpdateCallback)(   /* Registered using sqlite3_preupdate_hook() */
1324     void*,sqlite3*,int,char const*,char const*,sqlite3_int64,sqlite3_int64
1325   );
1326   PreUpdate *pPreUpdate;        /* Context for active pre-update callback */
1327 #endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */
1328 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
1329   int (*xWalCallback)(void *, sqlite3 *, const char *, int);
1330   void *pWalArg;
1331 #endif
1332   void(*xCollNeeded)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*);
1333   void(*xCollNeeded16)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*);
1334   void *pCollNeededArg;
1335   sqlite3_value *pErr;          /* Most recent error message */
1336   union {
1337     volatile int isInterrupted; /* True if sqlite3_interrupt has been called */
1338     double notUsed1;            /* Spacer */
1339   } u1;
1340   Lookaside lookaside;          /* Lookaside malloc configuration */
1341 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
1342   sqlite3_xauth xAuth;          /* Access authorization function */
1343   void *pAuthArg;               /* 1st argument to the access auth function */
1344 #endif
1345 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
1346   int (*xProgress)(void *);     /* The progress callback */
1347   void *pProgressArg;           /* Argument to the progress callback */
1348   unsigned nProgressOps;        /* Number of opcodes for progress callback */
1349 #endif
1350 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
1351   int nVTrans;                  /* Allocated size of aVTrans */
1352   Hash aModule;                 /* populated by sqlite3_create_module() */
1353   VtabCtx *pVtabCtx;            /* Context for active vtab connect/create */
1354   VTable **aVTrans;             /* Virtual tables with open transactions */
1355   VTable *pDisconnect;    /* Disconnect these in next sqlite3_prepare() */
1356 #endif
1357   Hash aFunc;                   /* Hash table of connection functions */
1358   Hash aCollSeq;                /* All collating sequences */
1359   BusyHandler busyHandler;      /* Busy callback */
1360   Db aDbStatic[2];              /* Static space for the 2 default backends */
1361   Savepoint *pSavepoint;        /* List of active savepoints */
1362   int busyTimeout;              /* Busy handler timeout, in msec */
1363   int nSavepoint;               /* Number of non-transaction savepoints */
1364   int nStatement;               /* Number of nested statement-transactions  */
1365   i64 nDeferredCons;            /* Net deferred constraints this transaction. */
1366   i64 nDeferredImmCons;         /* Net deferred immediate constraints */
1367   int *pnBytesFreed;            /* If not NULL, increment this in DbFree() */
1368 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY
1369   /* The following variables are all protected by the STATIC_MASTER
1370   ** mutex, not by sqlite3.mutex. They are used by code in notify.c.
1371   **
1372   ** When X.pUnlockConnection==Y, that means that X is waiting for Y to
1373   ** unlock so that it can proceed.
1374   **
1375   ** When X.pBlockingConnection==Y, that means that something that X tried
1376   ** tried to do recently failed with an SQLITE_LOCKED error due to locks
1377   ** held by Y.
1378   */
1379   sqlite3 *pBlockingConnection; /* Connection that caused SQLITE_LOCKED */
1380   sqlite3 *pUnlockConnection;           /* Connection to watch for unlock */
1381   void *pUnlockArg;                     /* Argument to xUnlockNotify */
1382   void (*xUnlockNotify)(void **, int);  /* Unlock notify callback */
1383   sqlite3 *pNextBlocked;        /* Next in list of all blocked connections */
1384 #endif
1385 #ifdef SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
1386   sqlite3_userauth auth;        /* User authentication information */
1387 #endif
1388 };
1389 
1390 /*
1391 ** A macro to discover the encoding of a database.
1392 */
1393 #define SCHEMA_ENC(db) ((db)->aDb[0].pSchema->enc)
1394 #define ENC(db)        ((db)->enc)
1395 
1396 /*
1397 ** Possible values for the sqlite3.flags.
1398 **
1399 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
1400 **      SQLITE_FullFSync     == PAGER_FULLFSYNC
1401 **      SQLITE_CkptFullFSync == PAGER_CKPT_FULLFSYNC
1402 **      SQLITE_CacheSpill    == PAGER_CACHE_SPILL
1403 */
1404 #define SQLITE_VdbeTrace      0x00000001  /* True to trace VDBE execution */
1405 #define SQLITE_InternChanges  0x00000002  /* Uncommitted Hash table changes */
1406 #define SQLITE_FullColNames   0x00000004  /* Show full column names on SELECT */
1407 #define SQLITE_FullFSync      0x00000008  /* Use full fsync on the backend */
1408 #define SQLITE_CkptFullFSync  0x00000010  /* Use full fsync for checkpoint */
1409 #define SQLITE_CacheSpill     0x00000020  /* OK to spill pager cache */
1410 #define SQLITE_ShortColNames  0x00000040  /* Show short columns names */
1411 #define SQLITE_CountRows      0x00000080  /* Count rows changed by INSERT, */
1412                                           /*   DELETE, or UPDATE and return */
1413                                           /*   the count using a callback. */
1414 #define SQLITE_NullCallback   0x00000100  /* Invoke the callback once if the */
1415                                           /*   result set is empty */
1416 #define SQLITE_SqlTrace       0x00000200  /* Debug print SQL as it executes */
1417 #define SQLITE_VdbeListing    0x00000400  /* Debug listings of VDBE programs */
1418 #define SQLITE_WriteSchema    0x00000800  /* OK to update SQLITE_MASTER */
1419 #define SQLITE_VdbeAddopTrace 0x00001000  /* Trace sqlite3VdbeAddOp() calls */
1420 #define SQLITE_IgnoreChecks   0x00002000  /* Do not enforce check constraints */
1421 #define SQLITE_ReadUncommitted 0x0004000  /* For shared-cache mode */
1422 #define SQLITE_LegacyFileFmt  0x00008000  /* Create new databases in format 1 */
1423 #define SQLITE_RecoveryMode   0x00010000  /* Ignore schema errors */
1424 #define SQLITE_ReverseOrder   0x00020000  /* Reverse unordered SELECTs */
1425 #define SQLITE_RecTriggers    0x00040000  /* Enable recursive triggers */
1426 #define SQLITE_ForeignKeys    0x00080000  /* Enforce foreign key constraints  */
1427 #define SQLITE_AutoIndex      0x00100000  /* Enable automatic indexes */
1428 #define SQLITE_PreferBuiltin  0x00200000  /* Preference to built-in funcs */
1429 #define SQLITE_LoadExtension  0x00400000  /* Enable load_extension */
1430 #define SQLITE_LoadExtFunc    0x00800000  /* Enable load_extension() SQL func */
1431 #define SQLITE_EnableTrigger  0x01000000  /* True to enable triggers */
1432 #define SQLITE_DeferFKs       0x02000000  /* Defer all FK constraints */
1433 #define SQLITE_QueryOnly      0x04000000  /* Disable database changes */
1434 #define SQLITE_VdbeEQP        0x08000000  /* Debug EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
1435 #define SQLITE_Vacuum         0x10000000  /* Currently in a VACUUM */
1436 #define SQLITE_CellSizeCk     0x20000000  /* Check btree cell sizes on load */
1437 #define SQLITE_Fts3Tokenizer  0x40000000  /* Enable fts3_tokenizer(2) */
1438 
1439 
1440 /*
1441 ** Bits of the sqlite3.dbOptFlags field that are used by the
1442 ** sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS,...) interface to
1443 ** selectively disable various optimizations.
1444 */
1445 #define SQLITE_QueryFlattener 0x0001   /* Query flattening */
1446 #define SQLITE_ColumnCache    0x0002   /* Column cache */
1447 #define SQLITE_GroupByOrder   0x0004   /* GROUPBY cover of ORDERBY */
1448 #define SQLITE_FactorOutConst 0x0008   /* Constant factoring */
1449 /*                not used    0x0010   // Was: SQLITE_IdxRealAsInt */
1450 #define SQLITE_DistinctOpt    0x0020   /* DISTINCT using indexes */
1451 #define SQLITE_CoverIdxScan   0x0040   /* Covering index scans */
1452 #define SQLITE_OrderByIdxJoin 0x0080   /* ORDER BY of joins via index */
1453 #define SQLITE_SubqCoroutine  0x0100   /* Evaluate subqueries as coroutines */
1454 #define SQLITE_Transitive     0x0200   /* Transitive constraints */
1455 #define SQLITE_OmitNoopJoin   0x0400   /* Omit unused tables in joins */
1456 #define SQLITE_Stat34         0x0800   /* Use STAT3 or STAT4 data */
1457 #define SQLITE_CursorHints    0x2000   /* Add OP_CursorHint opcodes */
1458 #define SQLITE_AllOpts        0xffff   /* All optimizations */
1459 
1460 /*
1461 ** Macros for testing whether or not optimizations are enabled or disabled.
1462 */
1463 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BUILTIN_TEST
1464 #define OptimizationDisabled(db, mask)  (((db)->dbOptFlags&(mask))!=0)
1465 #define OptimizationEnabled(db, mask)   (((db)->dbOptFlags&(mask))==0)
1466 #else
1467 #define OptimizationDisabled(db, mask)  0
1468 #define OptimizationEnabled(db, mask)   1
1469 #endif
1470 
1471 /*
1472 ** Return true if it OK to factor constant expressions into the initialization
1473 ** code. The argument is a Parse object for the code generator.
1474 */
1475 #define ConstFactorOk(P) ((P)->okConstFactor)
1476 
1477 /*
1478 ** Possible values for the sqlite.magic field.
1479 ** The numbers are obtained at random and have no special meaning, other
1480 ** than being distinct from one another.
1481 */
1482 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN     0xa029a697  /* Database is open */
1483 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_CLOSED   0x9f3c2d33  /* Database is closed */
1484 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_SICK     0x4b771290  /* Error and awaiting close */
1485 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY     0xf03b7906  /* Database currently in use */
1486 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_ERROR    0xb5357930  /* An SQLITE_MISUSE error occurred */
1487 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_ZOMBIE   0x64cffc7f  /* Close with last statement close */
1488 
1489 /*
1490 ** Each SQL function is defined by an instance of the following
1491 ** structure.  For global built-in functions (ex: substr(), max(), count())
1492 ** a pointer to this structure is held in the sqlite3BuiltinFunctions object.
1493 ** For per-connection application-defined functions, a pointer to this
1494 ** structure is held in the db->aHash hash table.
1495 **
1496 ** The u.pHash field is used by the global built-ins.  The u.pDestructor
1497 ** field is used by per-connection app-def functions.
1498 */
1499 struct FuncDef {
1500   i8 nArg;             /* Number of arguments.  -1 means unlimited */
1501   u16 funcFlags;       /* Some combination of SQLITE_FUNC_* */
1502   void *pUserData;     /* User data parameter */
1503   FuncDef *pNext;      /* Next function with same name */
1504   void (*xSFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**); /* func or agg-step */
1505   void (*xFinalize)(sqlite3_context*);                  /* Agg finalizer */
1506   const char *zName;   /* SQL name of the function. */
1507   union {
1508     FuncDef *pHash;      /* Next with a different name but the same hash */
1509     FuncDestructor *pDestructor;   /* Reference counted destructor function */
1510   } u;
1511 };
1512 
1513 /*
1514 ** This structure encapsulates a user-function destructor callback (as
1515 ** configured using create_function_v2()) and a reference counter. When
1516 ** create_function_v2() is called to create a function with a destructor,
1517 ** a single object of this type is allocated. FuncDestructor.nRef is set to
1518 ** the number of FuncDef objects created (either 1 or 3, depending on whether
1519 ** or not the specified encoding is SQLITE_ANY). The FuncDef.pDestructor
1520 ** member of each of the new FuncDef objects is set to point to the allocated
1521 ** FuncDestructor.
1522 **
1523 ** Thereafter, when one of the FuncDef objects is deleted, the reference
1524 ** count on this object is decremented. When it reaches 0, the destructor
1525 ** is invoked and the FuncDestructor structure freed.
1526 */
1527 struct FuncDestructor {
1528   int nRef;
1529   void (*xDestroy)(void *);
1530   void *pUserData;
1531 };
1532 
1533 /*
1534 ** Possible values for FuncDef.flags.  Note that the _LENGTH and _TYPEOF
1535 ** values must correspond to OPFLAG_LENGTHARG and OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG.  And
1536 ** SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT must be the same as SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC.  There
1537 ** are assert() statements in the code to verify this.
1538 **
1539 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
1540 **     SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX    ==  NC_MinMaxAgg      == SF_MinMaxAgg
1541 **     SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH    ==  OPFLAG_LENGTHARG
1542 **     SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF    ==  OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG
1543 **     SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT  ==  SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC from the API
1544 **     SQLITE_FUNC_ENCMASK   depends on SQLITE_UTF* macros in the API
1545 */
1546 #define SQLITE_FUNC_ENCMASK  0x0003 /* SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_UTF16BE or UTF16LE */
1547 #define SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE     0x0004 /* Candidate for the LIKE optimization */
1548 #define SQLITE_FUNC_CASE     0x0008 /* Case-sensitive LIKE-type function */
1549 #define SQLITE_FUNC_EPHEM    0x0010 /* Ephemeral.  Delete with VDBE */
1550 #define SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL 0x0020 /* sqlite3GetFuncCollSeq() might be called*/
1551 #define SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH   0x0040 /* Built-in length() function */
1552 #define SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF   0x0080 /* Built-in typeof() function */
1553 #define SQLITE_FUNC_COUNT    0x0100 /* Built-in count(*) aggregate */
1554 #define SQLITE_FUNC_COALESCE 0x0200 /* Built-in coalesce() or ifnull() */
1555 #define SQLITE_FUNC_UNLIKELY 0x0400 /* Built-in unlikely() function */
1556 #define SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT 0x0800 /* Constant inputs give a constant output */
1557 #define SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX   0x1000 /* True for min() and max() aggregates */
1558 #define SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG  0x2000 /* "Slow Change". Value constant during a
1559                                     ** single query - might change over time */
1560 
1561 /*
1562 ** The following three macros, FUNCTION(), LIKEFUNC() and AGGREGATE() are
1563 ** used to create the initializers for the FuncDef structures.
1564 **
1565 **   FUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1566 **     Used to create a scalar function definition of a function zName
1567 **     implemented by C function xFunc that accepts nArg arguments. The
1568 **     value passed as iArg is cast to a (void*) and made available
1569 **     as the user-data (sqlite3_user_data()) for the function. If
1570 **     argument bNC is true, then the SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL flag is set.
1571 **
1572 **   VFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1573 **     Like FUNCTION except it omits the SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT flag.
1574 **
1575 **   DFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1576 **     Like FUNCTION except it omits the SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT flag and
1577 **     adds the SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG flag.  Used for date & time functions
1578 **     and functions like sqlite_version() that can change, but not during
1579 **     a single query.
1580 **
1581 **   AGGREGATE(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xStep, xFinal)
1582 **     Used to create an aggregate function definition implemented by
1583 **     the C functions xStep and xFinal. The first four parameters
1584 **     are interpreted in the same way as the first 4 parameters to
1585 **     FUNCTION().
1586 **
1587 **   LIKEFUNC(zName, nArg, pArg, flags)
1588 **     Used to create a scalar function definition of a function zName
1589 **     that accepts nArg arguments and is implemented by a call to C
1590 **     function likeFunc. Argument pArg is cast to a (void *) and made
1591 **     available as the function user-data (sqlite3_user_data()). The
1592 **     FuncDef.flags variable is set to the value passed as the flags
1593 **     parameter.
1594 */
1595 #define FUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1596   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1597    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, #zName, {0} }
1598 #define VFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1599   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1600    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, #zName, {0} }
1601 #define DFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1602   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG|SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1603    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, #zName, {0} }
1604 #define FUNCTION2(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc, extraFlags) \
1605   {nArg,SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL)|extraFlags,\
1606    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, #zName, {0} }
1607 #define STR_FUNCTION(zName, nArg, pArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1608   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG|SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1609    pArg, 0, xFunc, 0, #zName, }
1610 #define LIKEFUNC(zName, nArg, arg, flags) \
1611   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_UTF8|flags, \
1612    (void *)arg, 0, likeFunc, 0, #zName, {0} }
1613 #define AGGREGATE(zName, nArg, arg, nc, xStep, xFinal) \
1614   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|(nc*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1615    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(arg), 0, xStep,xFinal,#zName, {0}}
1616 #define AGGREGATE2(zName, nArg, arg, nc, xStep, xFinal, extraFlags) \
1617   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|(nc*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL)|extraFlags, \
1618    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(arg), 0, xStep,xFinal,#zName, {0}}
1619 
1620 /*
1621 ** All current savepoints are stored in a linked list starting at
1622 ** sqlite3.pSavepoint. The first element in the list is the most recently
1623 ** opened savepoint. Savepoints are added to the list by the vdbe
1624 ** OP_Savepoint instruction.
1625 */
1626 struct Savepoint {
1627   char *zName;                        /* Savepoint name (nul-terminated) */
1628   i64 nDeferredCons;                  /* Number of deferred fk violations */
1629   i64 nDeferredImmCons;               /* Number of deferred imm fk. */
1630   Savepoint *pNext;                   /* Parent savepoint (if any) */
1631 };
1632 
1633 /*
1634 ** The following are used as the second parameter to sqlite3Savepoint(),
1635 ** and as the P1 argument to the OP_Savepoint instruction.
1636 */
1637 #define SAVEPOINT_BEGIN      0
1638 #define SAVEPOINT_RELEASE    1
1639 #define SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK   2
1640 
1641 
1642 /*
1643 ** Each SQLite module (virtual table definition) is defined by an
1644 ** instance of the following structure, stored in the sqlite3.aModule
1645 ** hash table.
1646 */
1647 struct Module {
1648   const sqlite3_module *pModule;       /* Callback pointers */
1649   const char *zName;                   /* Name passed to create_module() */
1650   void *pAux;                          /* pAux passed to create_module() */
1651   void (*xDestroy)(void *);            /* Module destructor function */
1652   Table *pEpoTab;                      /* Eponymous table for this module */
1653 };
1654 
1655 /*
1656 ** information about each column of an SQL table is held in an instance
1657 ** of this structure.
1658 */
1659 struct Column {
1660   char *zName;     /* Name of this column, \000, then the type */
1661   Expr *pDflt;     /* Default value of this column */
1662   char *zColl;     /* Collating sequence.  If NULL, use the default */
1663   u8 notNull;      /* An OE_ code for handling a NOT NULL constraint */
1664   char affinity;   /* One of the SQLITE_AFF_... values */
1665   u8 szEst;        /* Estimated size of value in this column. sizeof(INT)==1 */
1666   u8 colFlags;     /* Boolean properties.  See COLFLAG_ defines below */
1667 };
1668 
1669 /* Allowed values for Column.colFlags:
1670 */
1671 #define COLFLAG_PRIMKEY  0x0001    /* Column is part of the primary key */
1672 #define COLFLAG_HIDDEN   0x0002    /* A hidden column in a virtual table */
1673 #define COLFLAG_HASTYPE  0x0004    /* Type name follows column name */
1674 
1675 /*
1676 ** A "Collating Sequence" is defined by an instance of the following
1677 ** structure. Conceptually, a collating sequence consists of a name and
1678 ** a comparison routine that defines the order of that sequence.
1679 **
1680 ** If CollSeq.xCmp is NULL, it means that the
1681 ** collating sequence is undefined.  Indices built on an undefined
1682 ** collating sequence may not be read or written.
1683 */
1684 struct CollSeq {
1685   char *zName;          /* Name of the collating sequence, UTF-8 encoded */
1686   u8 enc;               /* Text encoding handled by xCmp() */
1687   void *pUser;          /* First argument to xCmp() */
1688   int (*xCmp)(void*,int, const void*, int, const void*);
1689   void (*xDel)(void*);  /* Destructor for pUser */
1690 };
1691 
1692 /*
1693 ** A sort order can be either ASC or DESC.
1694 */
1695 #define SQLITE_SO_ASC       0  /* Sort in ascending order */
1696 #define SQLITE_SO_DESC      1  /* Sort in ascending order */
1697 #define SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED -1 /* No sort order specified */
1698 
1699 /*
1700 ** Column affinity types.
1701 **
1702 ** These used to have mnemonic name like 'i' for SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER and
1703 ** 't' for SQLITE_AFF_TEXT.  But we can save a little space and improve
1704 ** the speed a little by numbering the values consecutively.
1705 **
1706 ** But rather than start with 0 or 1, we begin with 'A'.  That way,
1707 ** when multiple affinity types are concatenated into a string and
1708 ** used as the P4 operand, they will be more readable.
1709 **
1710 ** Note also that the numeric types are grouped together so that testing
1711 ** for a numeric type is a single comparison.  And the BLOB type is first.
1712 */
1713 #define SQLITE_AFF_BLOB     'A'
1714 #define SQLITE_AFF_TEXT     'B'
1715 #define SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC  'C'
1716 #define SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER  'D'
1717 #define SQLITE_AFF_REAL     'E'
1718 
1719 #define sqlite3IsNumericAffinity(X)  ((X)>=SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC)
1720 
1721 /*
1722 ** The SQLITE_AFF_MASK values masks off the significant bits of an
1723 ** affinity value.
1724 */
1725 #define SQLITE_AFF_MASK     0x47
1726 
1727 /*
1728 ** Additional bit values that can be ORed with an affinity without
1729 ** changing the affinity.
1730 **
1731 ** The SQLITE_NOTNULL flag is a combination of NULLEQ and JUMPIFNULL.
1732 ** It causes an assert() to fire if either operand to a comparison
1733 ** operator is NULL.  It is added to certain comparison operators to
1734 ** prove that the operands are always NOT NULL.
1735 */
1736 #define SQLITE_KEEPNULL     0x08  /* Used by vector == or <> */
1737 #define SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL   0x10  /* jumps if either operand is NULL */
1738 #define SQLITE_STOREP2      0x20  /* Store result in reg[P2] rather than jump */
1739 #define SQLITE_NULLEQ       0x80  /* NULL=NULL */
1740 #define SQLITE_NOTNULL      0x90  /* Assert that operands are never NULL */
1741 
1742 /*
1743 ** An object of this type is created for each virtual table present in
1744 ** the database schema.
1745 **
1746 ** If the database schema is shared, then there is one instance of this
1747 ** structure for each database connection (sqlite3*) that uses the shared
1748 ** schema. This is because each database connection requires its own unique
1749 ** instance of the sqlite3_vtab* handle used to access the virtual table
1750 ** implementation. sqlite3_vtab* handles can not be shared between
1751 ** database connections, even when the rest of the in-memory database
1752 ** schema is shared, as the implementation often stores the database
1753 ** connection handle passed to it via the xConnect() or xCreate() method
1754 ** during initialization internally. This database connection handle may
1755 ** then be used by the virtual table implementation to access real tables
1756 ** within the database. So that they appear as part of the callers
1757 ** transaction, these accesses need to be made via the same database
1758 ** connection as that used to execute SQL operations on the virtual table.
1759 **
1760 ** All VTable objects that correspond to a single table in a shared
1761 ** database schema are initially stored in a linked-list pointed to by
1762 ** the Table.pVTable member variable of the corresponding Table object.
1763 ** When an sqlite3_prepare() operation is required to access the virtual
1764 ** table, it searches the list for the VTable that corresponds to the
1765 ** database connection doing the preparing so as to use the correct
1766 ** sqlite3_vtab* handle in the compiled query.
1767 **
1768 ** When an in-memory Table object is deleted (for example when the
1769 ** schema is being reloaded for some reason), the VTable objects are not
1770 ** deleted and the sqlite3_vtab* handles are not xDisconnect()ed
1771 ** immediately. Instead, they are moved from the Table.pVTable list to
1772 ** another linked list headed by the sqlite3.pDisconnect member of the
1773 ** corresponding sqlite3 structure. They are then deleted/xDisconnected
1774 ** next time a statement is prepared using said sqlite3*. This is done
1775 ** to avoid deadlock issues involving multiple sqlite3.mutex mutexes.
1776 ** Refer to comments above function sqlite3VtabUnlockList() for an
1777 ** explanation as to why it is safe to add an entry to an sqlite3.pDisconnect
1778 ** list without holding the corresponding sqlite3.mutex mutex.
1779 **
1780 ** The memory for objects of this type is always allocated by
1781 ** sqlite3DbMalloc(), using the connection handle stored in VTable.db as
1782 ** the first argument.
1783 */
1784 struct VTable {
1785   sqlite3 *db;              /* Database connection associated with this table */
1786   Module *pMod;             /* Pointer to module implementation */
1787   sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Pointer to vtab instance */
1788   int nRef;                 /* Number of pointers to this structure */
1789   u8 bConstraint;           /* True if constraints are supported */
1790   int iSavepoint;           /* Depth of the SAVEPOINT stack */
1791   VTable *pNext;            /* Next in linked list (see above) */
1792 };
1793 
1794 /*
1795 ** The schema for each SQL table and view is represented in memory
1796 ** by an instance of the following structure.
1797 */
1798 struct Table {
1799   char *zName;         /* Name of the table or view */
1800   Column *aCol;        /* Information about each column */
1801   Index *pIndex;       /* List of SQL indexes on this table. */
1802   Select *pSelect;     /* NULL for tables.  Points to definition if a view. */
1803   FKey *pFKey;         /* Linked list of all foreign keys in this table */
1804   char *zColAff;       /* String defining the affinity of each column */
1805   ExprList *pCheck;    /* All CHECK constraints */
1806                        /*   ... also used as column name list in a VIEW */
1807   int tnum;            /* Root BTree page for this table */
1808   i16 iPKey;           /* If not negative, use aCol[iPKey] as the rowid */
1809   i16 nCol;            /* Number of columns in this table */
1810   u16 nRef;            /* Number of pointers to this Table */
1811   LogEst nRowLogEst;   /* Estimated rows in table - from sqlite_stat1 table */
1812   LogEst szTabRow;     /* Estimated size of each table row in bytes */
1813 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COSTMULT
1814   LogEst costMult;     /* Cost multiplier for using this table */
1815 #endif
1816   u8 tabFlags;         /* Mask of TF_* values */
1817   u8 keyConf;          /* What to do in case of uniqueness conflict on iPKey */
1818 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
1819   int addColOffset;    /* Offset in CREATE TABLE stmt to add a new column */
1820 #endif
1821 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
1822   int nModuleArg;      /* Number of arguments to the module */
1823   char **azModuleArg;  /* 0: module 1: schema 2: vtab name 3...: args */
1824   VTable *pVTable;     /* List of VTable objects. */
1825 #endif
1826   Trigger *pTrigger;   /* List of triggers stored in pSchema */
1827   Schema *pSchema;     /* Schema that contains this table */
1828   Table *pNextZombie;  /* Next on the Parse.pZombieTab list */
1829 };
1830 
1831 /*
1832 ** Allowed values for Table.tabFlags.
1833 **
1834 ** TF_OOOHidden applies to tables or view that have hidden columns that are
1835 ** followed by non-hidden columns.  Example:  "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x USING
1836 ** vtab1(a HIDDEN, b);".  Since "b" is a non-hidden column but "a" is hidden,
1837 ** the TF_OOOHidden attribute would apply in this case.  Such tables require
1838 ** special handling during INSERT processing.
1839 */
1840 #define TF_Readonly        0x01    /* Read-only system table */
1841 #define TF_Ephemeral       0x02    /* An ephemeral table */
1842 #define TF_HasPrimaryKey   0x04    /* Table has a primary key */
1843 #define TF_Autoincrement   0x08    /* Integer primary key is autoincrement */
1844 #define TF_Virtual         0x10    /* Is a virtual table */
1845 #define TF_WithoutRowid    0x20    /* No rowid.  PRIMARY KEY is the key */
1846 #define TF_NoVisibleRowid  0x40    /* No user-visible "rowid" column */
1847 #define TF_OOOHidden       0x80    /* Out-of-Order hidden columns */
1848 
1849 
1850 /*
1851 ** Test to see whether or not a table is a virtual table.  This is
1852 ** done as a macro so that it will be optimized out when virtual
1853 ** table support is omitted from the build.
1854 */
1855 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
1856 #  define IsVirtual(X)      (((X)->tabFlags & TF_Virtual)!=0)
1857 #else
1858 #  define IsVirtual(X)      0
1859 #endif
1860 
1861 /*
1862 ** Macros to determine if a column is hidden.  IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn()
1863 ** only works for non-virtual tables (ordinary tables and views) and is
1864 ** always false unless SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS is defined.  The
1865 ** IsHiddenColumn() macro is general purpose.
1866 */
1867 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS)
1868 #  define IsHiddenColumn(X)         (((X)->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN)!=0)
1869 #  define IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(X) (((X)->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN)!=0)
1870 #elif !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
1871 #  define IsHiddenColumn(X)         (((X)->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN)!=0)
1872 #  define IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(X) 0
1873 #else
1874 #  define IsHiddenColumn(X)         0
1875 #  define IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(X) 0
1876 #endif
1877 
1878 
1879 /* Does the table have a rowid */
1880 #define HasRowid(X)     (((X)->tabFlags & TF_WithoutRowid)==0)
1881 #define VisibleRowid(X) (((X)->tabFlags & TF_NoVisibleRowid)==0)
1882 
1883 /*
1884 ** Each foreign key constraint is an instance of the following structure.
1885 **
1886 ** A foreign key is associated with two tables.  The "from" table is
1887 ** the table that contains the REFERENCES clause that creates the foreign
1888 ** key.  The "to" table is the table that is named in the REFERENCES clause.
1889 ** Consider this example:
1890 **
1891 **     CREATE TABLE ex1(
1892 **       a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
1893 **       b INTEGER CONSTRAINT fk1 REFERENCES ex2(x)
1894 **     );
1895 **
1896 ** For foreign key "fk1", the from-table is "ex1" and the to-table is "ex2".
1897 ** Equivalent names:
1898 **
1899 **     from-table == child-table
1900 **       to-table == parent-table
1901 **
1902 ** Each REFERENCES clause generates an instance of the following structure
1903 ** which is attached to the from-table.  The to-table need not exist when
1904 ** the from-table is created.  The existence of the to-table is not checked.
1905 **
1906 ** The list of all parents for child Table X is held at X.pFKey.
1907 **
1908 ** A list of all children for a table named Z (which might not even exist)
1909 ** is held in Schema.fkeyHash with a hash key of Z.
1910 */
1911 struct FKey {
1912   Table *pFrom;     /* Table containing the REFERENCES clause (aka: Child) */
1913   FKey *pNextFrom;  /* Next FKey with the same in pFrom. Next parent of pFrom */
1914   char *zTo;        /* Name of table that the key points to (aka: Parent) */
1915   FKey *pNextTo;    /* Next with the same zTo. Next child of zTo. */
1916   FKey *pPrevTo;    /* Previous with the same zTo */
1917   int nCol;         /* Number of columns in this key */
1918   /* EV: R-30323-21917 */
1919   u8 isDeferred;       /* True if constraint checking is deferred till COMMIT */
1920   u8 aAction[2];        /* ON DELETE and ON UPDATE actions, respectively */
1921   Trigger *apTrigger[2];/* Triggers for aAction[] actions */
1922   struct sColMap {      /* Mapping of columns in pFrom to columns in zTo */
1923     int iFrom;            /* Index of column in pFrom */
1924     char *zCol;           /* Name of column in zTo.  If NULL use PRIMARY KEY */
1925   } aCol[1];            /* One entry for each of nCol columns */
1926 };
1927 
1928 /*
1929 ** SQLite supports many different ways to resolve a constraint
1930 ** error.  ROLLBACK processing means that a constraint violation
1931 ** causes the operation in process to fail and for the current transaction
1932 ** to be rolled back.  ABORT processing means the operation in process
1933 ** fails and any prior changes from that one operation are backed out,
1934 ** but the transaction is not rolled back.  FAIL processing means that
1935 ** the operation in progress stops and returns an error code.  But prior
1936 ** changes due to the same operation are not backed out and no rollback
1937 ** occurs.  IGNORE means that the particular row that caused the constraint
1938 ** error is not inserted or updated.  Processing continues and no error
1939 ** is returned.  REPLACE means that preexisting database rows that caused
1940 ** a UNIQUE constraint violation are removed so that the new insert or
1941 ** update can proceed.  Processing continues and no error is reported.
1942 **
1943 ** RESTRICT, SETNULL, and CASCADE actions apply only to foreign keys.
1944 ** RESTRICT is the same as ABORT for IMMEDIATE foreign keys and the
1945 ** same as ROLLBACK for DEFERRED keys.  SETNULL means that the foreign
1946 ** key is set to NULL.  CASCADE means that a DELETE or UPDATE of the
1947 ** referenced table row is propagated into the row that holds the
1948 ** foreign key.
1949 **
1950 ** The following symbolic values are used to record which type
1951 ** of action to take.
1952 */
1953 #define OE_None     0   /* There is no constraint to check */
1954 #define OE_Rollback 1   /* Fail the operation and rollback the transaction */
1955 #define OE_Abort    2   /* Back out changes but do no rollback transaction */
1956 #define OE_Fail     3   /* Stop the operation but leave all prior changes */
1957 #define OE_Ignore   4   /* Ignore the error. Do not do the INSERT or UPDATE */
1958 #define OE_Replace  5   /* Delete existing record, then do INSERT or UPDATE */
1959 
1960 #define OE_Restrict 6   /* OE_Abort for IMMEDIATE, OE_Rollback for DEFERRED */
1961 #define OE_SetNull  7   /* Set the foreign key value to NULL */
1962 #define OE_SetDflt  8   /* Set the foreign key value to its default */
1963 #define OE_Cascade  9   /* Cascade the changes */
1964 
1965 #define OE_Default  10  /* Do whatever the default action is */
1966 
1967 
1968 /*
1969 ** An instance of the following structure is passed as the first
1970 ** argument to sqlite3VdbeKeyCompare and is used to control the
1971 ** comparison of the two index keys.
1972 **
1973 ** Note that aSortOrder[] and aColl[] have nField+1 slots.  There
1974 ** are nField slots for the columns of an index then one extra slot
1975 ** for the rowid at the end.
1976 */
1977 struct KeyInfo {
1978   u32 nRef;           /* Number of references to this KeyInfo object */
1979   u8 enc;             /* Text encoding - one of the SQLITE_UTF* values */
1980   u16 nField;         /* Number of key columns in the index */
1981   u16 nXField;        /* Number of columns beyond the key columns */
1982   sqlite3 *db;        /* The database connection */
1983   u8 *aSortOrder;     /* Sort order for each column. */
1984   CollSeq *aColl[1];  /* Collating sequence for each term of the key */
1985 };
1986 
1987 /*
1988 ** This object holds a record which has been parsed out into individual
1989 ** fields, for the purposes of doing a comparison.
1990 **
1991 ** A record is an object that contains one or more fields of data.
1992 ** Records are used to store the content of a table row and to store
1993 ** the key of an index.  A blob encoding of a record is created by
1994 ** the OP_MakeRecord opcode of the VDBE and is disassembled by the
1995 ** OP_Column opcode.
1996 **
1997 ** An instance of this object serves as a "key" for doing a search on
1998 ** an index b+tree. The goal of the search is to find the entry that
1999 ** is closed to the key described by this object.  This object might hold
2000 ** just a prefix of the key.  The number of fields is given by
2001 ** pKeyInfo->nField.
2002 **
2003 ** The r1 and r2 fields are the values to return if this key is less than
2004 ** or greater than a key in the btree, respectively.  These are normally
2005 ** -1 and +1 respectively, but might be inverted to +1 and -1 if the b-tree
2006 ** is in DESC order.
2007 **
2008 ** The key comparison functions actually return default_rc when they find
2009 ** an equals comparison.  default_rc can be -1, 0, or +1.  If there are
2010 ** multiple entries in the b-tree with the same key (when only looking
2011 ** at the first pKeyInfo->nFields,) then default_rc can be set to -1 to
2012 ** cause the search to find the last match, or +1 to cause the search to
2013 ** find the first match.
2014 **
2015 ** The key comparison functions will set eqSeen to true if they ever
2016 ** get and equal results when comparing this structure to a b-tree record.
2017 ** When default_rc!=0, the search might end up on the record immediately
2018 ** before the first match or immediately after the last match.  The
2019 ** eqSeen field will indicate whether or not an exact match exists in the
2020 ** b-tree.
2021 */
2022 struct UnpackedRecord {
2023   KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;  /* Collation and sort-order information */
2024   Mem *aMem;          /* Values */
2025   u16 nField;         /* Number of entries in apMem[] */
2026   i8 default_rc;      /* Comparison result if keys are equal */
2027   u8 errCode;         /* Error detected by xRecordCompare (CORRUPT or NOMEM) */
2028   i8 r1;              /* Value to return if (lhs > rhs) */
2029   i8 r2;              /* Value to return if (rhs < lhs) */
2030   u8 eqSeen;          /* True if an equality comparison has been seen */
2031 };
2032 
2033 
2034 /*
2035 ** Each SQL index is represented in memory by an
2036 ** instance of the following structure.
2037 **
2038 ** The columns of the table that are to be indexed are described
2039 ** by the aiColumn[] field of this structure.  For example, suppose
2040 ** we have the following table and index:
2041 **
2042 **     CREATE TABLE Ex1(c1 int, c2 int, c3 text);
2043 **     CREATE INDEX Ex2 ON Ex1(c3,c1);
2044 **
2045 ** In the Table structure describing Ex1, nCol==3 because there are
2046 ** three columns in the table.  In the Index structure describing
2047 ** Ex2, nColumn==2 since 2 of the 3 columns of Ex1 are indexed.
2048 ** The value of aiColumn is {2, 0}.  aiColumn[0]==2 because the
2049 ** first column to be indexed (c3) has an index of 2 in Ex1.aCol[].
2050 ** The second column to be indexed (c1) has an index of 0 in
2051 ** Ex1.aCol[], hence Ex2.aiColumn[1]==0.
2052 **
2053 ** The Index.onError field determines whether or not the indexed columns
2054 ** must be unique and what to do if they are not.  When Index.onError=OE_None,
2055 ** it means this is not a unique index.  Otherwise it is a unique index
2056 ** and the value of Index.onError indicate the which conflict resolution
2057 ** algorithm to employ whenever an attempt is made to insert a non-unique
2058 ** element.
2059 **
2060 ** While parsing a CREATE TABLE or CREATE INDEX statement in order to
2061 ** generate VDBE code (as opposed to parsing one read from an sqlite_master
2062 ** table as part of parsing an existing database schema), transient instances
2063 ** of this structure may be created. In this case the Index.tnum variable is
2064 ** used to store the address of a VDBE instruction, not a database page
2065 ** number (it cannot - the database page is not allocated until the VDBE
2066 ** program is executed). See convertToWithoutRowidTable() for details.
2067 */
2068 struct Index {
2069   char *zName;             /* Name of this index */
2070   i16 *aiColumn;           /* Which columns are used by this index.  1st is 0 */
2071   LogEst *aiRowLogEst;     /* From ANALYZE: Est. rows selected by each column */
2072   Table *pTable;           /* The SQL table being indexed */
2073   char *zColAff;           /* String defining the affinity of each column */
2074   Index *pNext;            /* The next index associated with the same table */
2075   Schema *pSchema;         /* Schema containing this index */
2076   u8 *aSortOrder;          /* for each column: True==DESC, False==ASC */
2077   const char **azColl;     /* Array of collation sequence names for index */
2078   Expr *pPartIdxWhere;     /* WHERE clause for partial indices */
2079   ExprList *aColExpr;      /* Column expressions */
2080   int tnum;                /* DB Page containing root of this index */
2081   LogEst szIdxRow;         /* Estimated average row size in bytes */
2082   u16 nKeyCol;             /* Number of columns forming the key */
2083   u16 nColumn;             /* Number of columns stored in the index */
2084   u8 onError;              /* OE_Abort, OE_Ignore, OE_Replace, or OE_None */
2085   unsigned idxType:2;      /* 1==UNIQUE, 2==PRIMARY KEY, 0==CREATE INDEX */
2086   unsigned bUnordered:1;   /* Use this index for == or IN queries only */
2087   unsigned uniqNotNull:1;  /* True if UNIQUE and NOT NULL for all columns */
2088   unsigned isResized:1;    /* True if resizeIndexObject() has been called */
2089   unsigned isCovering:1;   /* True if this is a covering index */
2090   unsigned noSkipScan:1;   /* Do not try to use skip-scan if true */
2091 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
2092   int nSample;             /* Number of elements in aSample[] */
2093   int nSampleCol;          /* Size of IndexSample.anEq[] and so on */
2094   tRowcnt *aAvgEq;         /* Average nEq values for keys not in aSample */
2095   IndexSample *aSample;    /* Samples of the left-most key */
2096   tRowcnt *aiRowEst;       /* Non-logarithmic stat1 data for this index */
2097   tRowcnt nRowEst0;        /* Non-logarithmic number of rows in the index */
2098 #endif
2099 };
2100 
2101 /*
2102 ** Allowed values for Index.idxType
2103 */
2104 #define SQLITE_IDXTYPE_APPDEF      0   /* Created using CREATE INDEX */
2105 #define SQLITE_IDXTYPE_UNIQUE      1   /* Implements a UNIQUE constraint */
2106 #define SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY  2   /* Is the PRIMARY KEY for the table */
2107 
2108 /* Return true if index X is a PRIMARY KEY index */
2109 #define IsPrimaryKeyIndex(X)  ((X)->idxType==SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY)
2110 
2111 /* Return true if index X is a UNIQUE index */
2112 #define IsUniqueIndex(X)      ((X)->onError!=OE_None)
2113 
2114 /* The Index.aiColumn[] values are normally positive integer.  But
2115 ** there are some negative values that have special meaning:
2116 */
2117 #define XN_ROWID     (-1)     /* Indexed column is the rowid */
2118 #define XN_EXPR      (-2)     /* Indexed column is an expression */
2119 
2120 /*
2121 ** Each sample stored in the sqlite_stat3 table is represented in memory
2122 ** using a structure of this type.  See documentation at the top of the
2123 ** analyze.c source file for additional information.
2124 */
2125 struct IndexSample {
2126   void *p;          /* Pointer to sampled record */
2127   int n;            /* Size of record in bytes */
2128   tRowcnt *anEq;    /* Est. number of rows where the key equals this sample */
2129   tRowcnt *anLt;    /* Est. number of rows where key is less than this sample */
2130   tRowcnt *anDLt;   /* Est. number of distinct keys less than this sample */
2131 };
2132 
2133 /*
2134 ** Each token coming out of the lexer is an instance of
2135 ** this structure.  Tokens are also used as part of an expression.
2136 **
2137 ** Note if Token.z==0 then Token.dyn and Token.n are undefined and
2138 ** may contain random values.  Do not make any assumptions about Token.dyn
2139 ** and Token.n when Token.z==0.
2140 */
2141 struct Token {
2142   const char *z;     /* Text of the token.  Not NULL-terminated! */
2143   unsigned int n;    /* Number of characters in this token */
2144 };
2145 
2146 /*
2147 ** An instance of this structure contains information needed to generate
2148 ** code for a SELECT that contains aggregate functions.
2149 **
2150 ** If Expr.op==TK_AGG_COLUMN or TK_AGG_FUNCTION then Expr.pAggInfo is a
2151 ** pointer to this structure.  The Expr.iColumn field is the index in
2152 ** AggInfo.aCol[] or AggInfo.aFunc[] of information needed to generate
2153 ** code for that node.
2154 **
2155 ** AggInfo.pGroupBy and AggInfo.aFunc.pExpr point to fields within the
2156 ** original Select structure that describes the SELECT statement.  These
2157 ** fields do not need to be freed when deallocating the AggInfo structure.
2158 */
2159 struct AggInfo {
2160   u8 directMode;          /* Direct rendering mode means take data directly
2161                           ** from source tables rather than from accumulators */
2162   u8 useSortingIdx;       /* In direct mode, reference the sorting index rather
2163                           ** than the source table */
2164   int sortingIdx;         /* Cursor number of the sorting index */
2165   int sortingIdxPTab;     /* Cursor number of pseudo-table */
2166   int nSortingColumn;     /* Number of columns in the sorting index */
2167   int mnReg, mxReg;       /* Range of registers allocated for aCol and aFunc */
2168   ExprList *pGroupBy;     /* The group by clause */
2169   struct AggInfo_col {    /* For each column used in source tables */
2170     Table *pTab;             /* Source table */
2171     int iTable;              /* Cursor number of the source table */
2172     int iColumn;             /* Column number within the source table */
2173     int iSorterColumn;       /* Column number in the sorting index */
2174     int iMem;                /* Memory location that acts as accumulator */
2175     Expr *pExpr;             /* The original expression */
2176   } *aCol;
2177   int nColumn;            /* Number of used entries in aCol[] */
2178   int nAccumulator;       /* Number of columns that show through to the output.
2179                           ** Additional columns are used only as parameters to
2180                           ** aggregate functions */
2181   struct AggInfo_func {   /* For each aggregate function */
2182     Expr *pExpr;             /* Expression encoding the function */
2183     FuncDef *pFunc;          /* The aggregate function implementation */
2184     int iMem;                /* Memory location that acts as accumulator */
2185     int iDistinct;           /* Ephemeral table used to enforce DISTINCT */
2186   } *aFunc;
2187   int nFunc;              /* Number of entries in aFunc[] */
2188 };
2189 
2190 /*
2191 ** The datatype ynVar is a signed integer, either 16-bit or 32-bit.
2192 ** Usually it is 16-bits.  But if SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER is greater
2193 ** than 32767 we have to make it 32-bit.  16-bit is preferred because
2194 ** it uses less memory in the Expr object, which is a big memory user
2195 ** in systems with lots of prepared statements.  And few applications
2196 ** need more than about 10 or 20 variables.  But some extreme users want
2197 ** to have prepared statements with over 32767 variables, and for them
2198 ** the option is available (at compile-time).
2199 */
2200 #if SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER<=32767
2201 typedef i16 ynVar;
2202 #else
2203 typedef int ynVar;
2204 #endif
2205 
2206 /*
2207 ** Each node of an expression in the parse tree is an instance
2208 ** of this structure.
2209 **
2210 ** Expr.op is the opcode. The integer parser token codes are reused
2211 ** as opcodes here. For example, the parser defines TK_GE to be an integer
2212 ** code representing the ">=" operator. This same integer code is reused
2213 ** to represent the greater-than-or-equal-to operator in the expression
2214 ** tree.
2215 **
2216 ** If the expression is an SQL literal (TK_INTEGER, TK_FLOAT, TK_BLOB,
2217 ** or TK_STRING), then Expr.token contains the text of the SQL literal. If
2218 ** the expression is a variable (TK_VARIABLE), then Expr.token contains the
2219 ** variable name. Finally, if the expression is an SQL function (TK_FUNCTION),
2220 ** then Expr.token contains the name of the function.
2221 **
2222 ** Expr.pRight and Expr.pLeft are the left and right subexpressions of a
2223 ** binary operator. Either or both may be NULL.
2224 **
2225 ** Expr.x.pList is a list of arguments if the expression is an SQL function,
2226 ** a CASE expression or an IN expression of the form "<lhs> IN (<y>, <z>...)".
2227 ** Expr.x.pSelect is used if the expression is a sub-select or an expression of
2228 ** the form "<lhs> IN (SELECT ...)". If the EP_xIsSelect bit is set in the
2229 ** Expr.flags mask, then Expr.x.pSelect is valid. Otherwise, Expr.x.pList is
2230 ** valid.
2231 **
2232 ** An expression of the form ID or ID.ID refers to a column in a table.
2233 ** For such expressions, Expr.op is set to TK_COLUMN and Expr.iTable is
2234 ** the integer cursor number of a VDBE cursor pointing to that table and
2235 ** Expr.iColumn is the column number for the specific column.  If the
2236 ** expression is used as a result in an aggregate SELECT, then the
2237 ** value is also stored in the Expr.iAgg column in the aggregate so that
2238 ** it can be accessed after all aggregates are computed.
2239 **
2240 ** If the expression is an unbound variable marker (a question mark
2241 ** character '?' in the original SQL) then the Expr.iTable holds the index
2242 ** number for that variable.
2243 **
2244 ** If the expression is a subquery then Expr.iColumn holds an integer
2245 ** register number containing the result of the subquery.  If the
2246 ** subquery gives a constant result, then iTable is -1.  If the subquery
2247 ** gives a different answer at different times during statement processing
2248 ** then iTable is the address of a subroutine that computes the subquery.
2249 **
2250 ** If the Expr is of type OP_Column, and the table it is selecting from
2251 ** is a disk table or the "old.*" pseudo-table, then pTab points to the
2252 ** corresponding table definition.
2253 **
2254 ** ALLOCATION NOTES:
2255 **
2256 ** Expr objects can use a lot of memory space in database schema.  To
2257 ** help reduce memory requirements, sometimes an Expr object will be
2258 ** truncated.  And to reduce the number of memory allocations, sometimes
2259 ** two or more Expr objects will be stored in a single memory allocation,
2260 ** together with Expr.zToken strings.
2261 **
2262 ** If the EP_Reduced and EP_TokenOnly flags are set when
2263 ** an Expr object is truncated.  When EP_Reduced is set, then all
2264 ** the child Expr objects in the Expr.pLeft and Expr.pRight subtrees
2265 ** are contained within the same memory allocation.  Note, however, that
2266 ** the subtrees in Expr.x.pList or Expr.x.pSelect are always separately
2267 ** allocated, regardless of whether or not EP_Reduced is set.
2268 */
2269 struct Expr {
2270   u8 op;                 /* Operation performed by this node */
2271   char affinity;         /* The affinity of the column or 0 if not a column */
2272   u32 flags;             /* Various flags.  EP_* See below */
2273   union {
2274     char *zToken;          /* Token value. Zero terminated and dequoted */
2275     int iValue;            /* Non-negative integer value if EP_IntValue */
2276   } u;
2277 
2278   /* If the EP_TokenOnly flag is set in the Expr.flags mask, then no
2279   ** space is allocated for the fields below this point. An attempt to
2280   ** access them will result in a segfault or malfunction.
2281   *********************************************************************/
2282 
2283   Expr *pLeft;           /* Left subnode */
2284   Expr *pRight;          /* Right subnode */
2285   union {
2286     ExprList *pList;     /* op = IN, EXISTS, SELECT, CASE, FUNCTION, BETWEEN */
2287     Select *pSelect;     /* EP_xIsSelect and op = IN, EXISTS, SELECT */
2288   } x;
2289 
2290   /* If the EP_Reduced flag is set in the Expr.flags mask, then no
2291   ** space is allocated for the fields below this point. An attempt to
2292   ** access them will result in a segfault or malfunction.
2293   *********************************************************************/
2294 
2295 #if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
2296   int nHeight;           /* Height of the tree headed by this node */
2297 #endif
2298   int iTable;            /* TK_COLUMN: cursor number of table holding column
2299                          ** TK_REGISTER: register number
2300                          ** TK_TRIGGER: 1 -> new, 0 -> old
2301                          ** EP_Unlikely:  134217728 times likelihood
2302                          ** TK_SELECT: 1st register of result vector */
2303   ynVar iColumn;         /* TK_COLUMN: column index.  -1 for rowid.
2304                          ** TK_VARIABLE: variable number (always >= 1).
2305                          ** TK_SELECT_COLUMN: column of the result vector */
2306   i16 iAgg;              /* Which entry in pAggInfo->aCol[] or ->aFunc[] */
2307   i16 iRightJoinTable;   /* If EP_FromJoin, the right table of the join */
2308   u8 op2;                /* TK_REGISTER: original value of Expr.op
2309                          ** TK_COLUMN: the value of p5 for OP_Column
2310                          ** TK_AGG_FUNCTION: nesting depth */
2311   AggInfo *pAggInfo;     /* Used by TK_AGG_COLUMN and TK_AGG_FUNCTION */
2312   Table *pTab;           /* Table for TK_COLUMN expressions. */
2313 };
2314 
2315 /*
2316 ** The following are the meanings of bits in the Expr.flags field.
2317 */
2318 #define EP_FromJoin  0x000001 /* Originates in ON/USING clause of outer join */
2319 #define EP_Agg       0x000002 /* Contains one or more aggregate functions */
2320 #define EP_Resolved  0x000004 /* IDs have been resolved to COLUMNs */
2321 #define EP_Error     0x000008 /* Expression contains one or more errors */
2322 #define EP_Distinct  0x000010 /* Aggregate function with DISTINCT keyword */
2323 #define EP_VarSelect 0x000020 /* pSelect is correlated, not constant */
2324 #define EP_DblQuoted 0x000040 /* token.z was originally in "..." */
2325 #define EP_InfixFunc 0x000080 /* True for an infix function: LIKE, GLOB, etc */
2326 #define EP_Collate   0x000100 /* Tree contains a TK_COLLATE operator */
2327 #define EP_Generic   0x000200 /* Ignore COLLATE or affinity on this tree */
2328 #define EP_IntValue  0x000400 /* Integer value contained in u.iValue */
2329 #define EP_xIsSelect 0x000800 /* x.pSelect is valid (otherwise x.pList is) */
2330 #define EP_Skip      0x001000 /* COLLATE, AS, or UNLIKELY */
2331 #define EP_Reduced   0x002000 /* Expr struct EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE bytes only */
2332 #define EP_TokenOnly 0x004000 /* Expr struct EXPR_TOKENONLYSIZE bytes only */
2333 #define EP_Static    0x008000 /* Held in memory not obtained from malloc() */
2334 #define EP_MemToken  0x010000 /* Need to sqlite3DbFree() Expr.zToken */
2335 #define EP_NoReduce  0x020000 /* Cannot EXPRDUP_REDUCE this Expr */
2336 #define EP_Unlikely  0x040000 /* unlikely() or likelihood() function */
2337 #define EP_ConstFunc 0x080000 /* A SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT or _SLOCHNG function */
2338 #define EP_CanBeNull 0x100000 /* Can be null despite NOT NULL constraint */
2339 #define EP_Subquery  0x200000 /* Tree contains a TK_SELECT operator */
2340 #define EP_Alias     0x400000 /* Is an alias for a result set column */
2341 #define EP_Leaf      0x800000 /* Expr.pLeft, .pRight, .u.pSelect all NULL */
2342 
2343 /*
2344 ** Combinations of two or more EP_* flags
2345 */
2346 #define EP_Propagate (EP_Collate|EP_Subquery) /* Propagate these bits up tree */
2347 
2348 /*
2349 ** These macros can be used to test, set, or clear bits in the
2350 ** Expr.flags field.
2351 */
2352 #define ExprHasProperty(E,P)     (((E)->flags&(P))!=0)
2353 #define ExprHasAllProperty(E,P)  (((E)->flags&(P))==(P))
2354 #define ExprSetProperty(E,P)     (E)->flags|=(P)
2355 #define ExprClearProperty(E,P)   (E)->flags&=~(P)
2356 
2357 /* The ExprSetVVAProperty() macro is used for Verification, Validation,
2358 ** and Accreditation only.  It works like ExprSetProperty() during VVA
2359 ** processes but is a no-op for delivery.
2360 */
2361 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
2362 # define ExprSetVVAProperty(E,P)  (E)->flags|=(P)
2363 #else
2364 # define ExprSetVVAProperty(E,P)
2365 #endif
2366 
2367 /*
2368 ** Macros to determine the number of bytes required by a normal Expr
2369 ** struct, an Expr struct with the EP_Reduced flag set in Expr.flags
2370 ** and an Expr struct with the EP_TokenOnly flag set.
2371 */
2372 #define EXPR_FULLSIZE           sizeof(Expr)           /* Full size */
2373 #define EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE        offsetof(Expr,iTable)  /* Common features */
2374 #define EXPR_TOKENONLYSIZE      offsetof(Expr,pLeft)   /* Fewer features */
2375 
2376 /*
2377 ** Flags passed to the sqlite3ExprDup() function. See the header comment
2378 ** above sqlite3ExprDup() for details.
2379 */
2380 #define EXPRDUP_REDUCE         0x0001  /* Used reduced-size Expr nodes */
2381 
2382 /*
2383 ** A list of expressions.  Each expression may optionally have a
2384 ** name.  An expr/name combination can be used in several ways, such
2385 ** as the list of "expr AS ID" fields following a "SELECT" or in the
2386 ** list of "ID = expr" items in an UPDATE.  A list of expressions can
2387 ** also be used as the argument to a function, in which case the a.zName
2388 ** field is not used.
2389 **
2390 ** By default the Expr.zSpan field holds a human-readable description of
2391 ** the expression that is used in the generation of error messages and
2392 ** column labels.  In this case, Expr.zSpan is typically the text of a
2393 ** column expression as it exists in a SELECT statement.  However, if
2394 ** the bSpanIsTab flag is set, then zSpan is overloaded to mean the name
2395 ** of the result column in the form: DATABASE.TABLE.COLUMN.  This later
2396 ** form is used for name resolution with nested FROM clauses.
2397 */
2398 struct ExprList {
2399   int nExpr;             /* Number of expressions on the list */
2400   struct ExprList_item { /* For each expression in the list */
2401     Expr *pExpr;            /* The list of expressions */
2402     char *zName;            /* Token associated with this expression */
2403     char *zSpan;            /* Original text of the expression */
2404     u8 sortOrder;           /* 1 for DESC or 0 for ASC */
2405     unsigned done :1;       /* A flag to indicate when processing is finished */
2406     unsigned bSpanIsTab :1; /* zSpan holds DB.TABLE.COLUMN */
2407     unsigned reusable :1;   /* Constant expression is reusable */
2408     union {
2409       struct {
2410         u16 iOrderByCol;      /* For ORDER BY, column number in result set */
2411         u16 iAlias;           /* Index into Parse.aAlias[] for zName */
2412       } x;
2413       int iConstExprReg;      /* Register in which Expr value is cached */
2414     } u;
2415   } *a;                  /* Alloc a power of two greater or equal to nExpr */
2416 };
2417 
2418 /*
2419 ** An instance of this structure is used by the parser to record both
2420 ** the parse tree for an expression and the span of input text for an
2421 ** expression.
2422 */
2423 struct ExprSpan {
2424   Expr *pExpr;          /* The expression parse tree */
2425   const char *zStart;   /* First character of input text */
2426   const char *zEnd;     /* One character past the end of input text */
2427 };
2428 
2429 /*
2430 ** An instance of this structure can hold a simple list of identifiers,
2431 ** such as the list "a,b,c" in the following statements:
2432 **
2433 **      INSERT INTO t(a,b,c) VALUES ...;
2434 **      CREATE INDEX idx ON t(a,b,c);
2435 **      CREATE TRIGGER trig BEFORE UPDATE ON t(a,b,c) ...;
2436 **
2437 ** The IdList.a.idx field is used when the IdList represents the list of
2438 ** column names after a table name in an INSERT statement.  In the statement
2439 **
2440 **     INSERT INTO t(a,b,c) ...
2441 **
2442 ** If "a" is the k-th column of table "t", then IdList.a[0].idx==k.
2443 */
2444 struct IdList {
2445   struct IdList_item {
2446     char *zName;      /* Name of the identifier */
2447     int idx;          /* Index in some Table.aCol[] of a column named zName */
2448   } *a;
2449   int nId;         /* Number of identifiers on the list */
2450 };
2451 
2452 /*
2453 ** The bitmask datatype defined below is used for various optimizations.
2454 **
2455 ** Changing this from a 64-bit to a 32-bit type limits the number of
2456 ** tables in a join to 32 instead of 64.  But it also reduces the size
2457 ** of the library by 738 bytes on ix86.
2458 */
2459 #ifdef SQLITE_BITMASK_TYPE
2460   typedef SQLITE_BITMASK_TYPE Bitmask;
2461 #else
2462   typedef u64 Bitmask;
2463 #endif
2464 
2465 /*
2466 ** The number of bits in a Bitmask.  "BMS" means "BitMask Size".
2467 */
2468 #define BMS  ((int)(sizeof(Bitmask)*8))
2469 
2470 /*
2471 ** A bit in a Bitmask
2472 */
2473 #define MASKBIT(n)   (((Bitmask)1)<<(n))
2474 #define MASKBIT32(n) (((unsigned int)1)<<(n))
2475 #define ALLBITS      ((Bitmask)-1)
2476 
2477 /*
2478 ** The following structure describes the FROM clause of a SELECT statement.
2479 ** Each table or subquery in the FROM clause is a separate element of
2480 ** the SrcList.a[] array.
2481 **
2482 ** With the addition of multiple database support, the following structure
2483 ** can also be used to describe a particular table such as the table that
2484 ** is modified by an INSERT, DELETE, or UPDATE statement.  In standard SQL,
2485 ** such a table must be a simple name: ID.  But in SQLite, the table can
2486 ** now be identified by a database name, a dot, then the table name: ID.ID.
2487 **
2488 ** The jointype starts out showing the join type between the current table
2489 ** and the next table on the list.  The parser builds the list this way.
2490 ** But sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType() later shifts the jointypes so that each
2491 ** jointype expresses the join between the table and the previous table.
2492 **
2493 ** In the colUsed field, the high-order bit (bit 63) is set if the table
2494 ** contains more than 63 columns and the 64-th or later column is used.
2495 */
2496 struct SrcList {
2497   int nSrc;        /* Number of tables or subqueries in the FROM clause */
2498   u32 nAlloc;      /* Number of entries allocated in a[] below */
2499   struct SrcList_item {
2500     Schema *pSchema;  /* Schema to which this item is fixed */
2501     char *zDatabase;  /* Name of database holding this table */
2502     char *zName;      /* Name of the table */
2503     char *zAlias;     /* The "B" part of a "A AS B" phrase.  zName is the "A" */
2504     Table *pTab;      /* An SQL table corresponding to zName */
2505     Select *pSelect;  /* A SELECT statement used in place of a table name */
2506     int addrFillSub;  /* Address of subroutine to manifest a subquery */
2507     int regReturn;    /* Register holding return address of addrFillSub */
2508     int regResult;    /* Registers holding results of a co-routine */
2509     struct {
2510       u8 jointype;      /* Type of join between this table and the previous */
2511       unsigned notIndexed :1;    /* True if there is a NOT INDEXED clause */
2512       unsigned isIndexedBy :1;   /* True if there is an INDEXED BY clause */
2513       unsigned isTabFunc :1;     /* True if table-valued-function syntax */
2514       unsigned isCorrelated :1;  /* True if sub-query is correlated */
2515       unsigned viaCoroutine :1;  /* Implemented as a co-routine */
2516       unsigned isRecursive :1;   /* True for recursive reference in WITH */
2517     } fg;
2518 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
2519     u8 iSelectId;     /* If pSelect!=0, the id of the sub-select in EQP */
2520 #endif
2521     int iCursor;      /* The VDBE cursor number used to access this table */
2522     Expr *pOn;        /* The ON clause of a join */
2523     IdList *pUsing;   /* The USING clause of a join */
2524     Bitmask colUsed;  /* Bit N (1<<N) set if column N of pTab is used */
2525     union {
2526       char *zIndexedBy;    /* Identifier from "INDEXED BY <zIndex>" clause */
2527       ExprList *pFuncArg;  /* Arguments to table-valued-function */
2528     } u1;
2529     Index *pIBIndex;  /* Index structure corresponding to u1.zIndexedBy */
2530   } a[1];             /* One entry for each identifier on the list */
2531 };
2532 
2533 /*
2534 ** Permitted values of the SrcList.a.jointype field
2535 */
2536 #define JT_INNER     0x0001    /* Any kind of inner or cross join */
2537 #define JT_CROSS     0x0002    /* Explicit use of the CROSS keyword */
2538 #define JT_NATURAL   0x0004    /* True for a "natural" join */
2539 #define JT_LEFT      0x0008    /* Left outer join */
2540 #define JT_RIGHT     0x0010    /* Right outer join */
2541 #define JT_OUTER     0x0020    /* The "OUTER" keyword is present */
2542 #define JT_ERROR     0x0040    /* unknown or unsupported join type */
2543 
2544 
2545 /*
2546 ** Flags appropriate for the wctrlFlags parameter of sqlite3WhereBegin()
2547 ** and the WhereInfo.wctrlFlags member.
2548 **
2549 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
2550 **     WHERE_USE_LIMIT  == SF_FixedLimit
2551 */
2552 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_NORMAL   0x0000 /* No-op */
2553 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN      0x0001 /* ORDER BY processing for min() func */
2554 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_MAX      0x0002 /* ORDER BY processing for max() func */
2555 #define WHERE_ONEPASS_DESIRED  0x0004 /* Want to do one-pass UPDATE/DELETE */
2556 #define WHERE_ONEPASS_MULTIROW 0x0008 /* ONEPASS is ok with multiple rows */
2557 #define WHERE_DUPLICATES_OK    0x0010 /* Ok to return a row more than once */
2558 #define WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE     0x0020 /* Processing a sub-WHERE as part of
2559                                       ** the OR optimization  */
2560 #define WHERE_GROUPBY          0x0040 /* pOrderBy is really a GROUP BY */
2561 #define WHERE_DISTINCTBY       0x0080 /* pOrderby is really a DISTINCT clause */
2562 #define WHERE_WANT_DISTINCT    0x0100 /* All output needs to be distinct */
2563 #define WHERE_SORTBYGROUP      0x0200 /* Support sqlite3WhereIsSorted() */
2564 #define WHERE_SEEK_TABLE       0x0400 /* Do not defer seeks on main table */
2565 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_LIMIT    0x0800 /* ORDERBY+LIMIT on the inner loop */
2566                         /*     0x1000    not currently used */
2567                         /*     0x2000    not currently used */
2568 #define WHERE_USE_LIMIT        0x4000 /* Use the LIMIT in cost estimates */
2569                         /*     0x8000    not currently used */
2570 
2571 /* Allowed return values from sqlite3WhereIsDistinct()
2572 */
2573 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_NOOP      0  /* DISTINCT keyword not used */
2574 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_UNIQUE    1  /* No duplicates */
2575 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_ORDERED   2  /* All duplicates are adjacent */
2576 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_UNORDERED 3  /* Duplicates are scattered */
2577 
2578 /*
2579 ** A NameContext defines a context in which to resolve table and column
2580 ** names.  The context consists of a list of tables (the pSrcList) field and
2581 ** a list of named expression (pEList).  The named expression list may
2582 ** be NULL.  The pSrc corresponds to the FROM clause of a SELECT or
2583 ** to the table being operated on by INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE.  The
2584 ** pEList corresponds to the result set of a SELECT and is NULL for
2585 ** other statements.
2586 **
2587 ** NameContexts can be nested.  When resolving names, the inner-most
2588 ** context is searched first.  If no match is found, the next outer
2589 ** context is checked.  If there is still no match, the next context
2590 ** is checked.  This process continues until either a match is found
2591 ** or all contexts are check.  When a match is found, the nRef member of
2592 ** the context containing the match is incremented.
2593 **
2594 ** Each subquery gets a new NameContext.  The pNext field points to the
2595 ** NameContext in the parent query.  Thus the process of scanning the
2596 ** NameContext list corresponds to searching through successively outer
2597 ** subqueries looking for a match.
2598 */
2599 struct NameContext {
2600   Parse *pParse;       /* The parser */
2601   SrcList *pSrcList;   /* One or more tables used to resolve names */
2602   ExprList *pEList;    /* Optional list of result-set columns */
2603   AggInfo *pAggInfo;   /* Information about aggregates at this level */
2604   NameContext *pNext;  /* Next outer name context.  NULL for outermost */
2605   int nRef;            /* Number of names resolved by this context */
2606   int nErr;            /* Number of errors encountered while resolving names */
2607   u16 ncFlags;         /* Zero or more NC_* flags defined below */
2608 };
2609 
2610 /*
2611 ** Allowed values for the NameContext, ncFlags field.
2612 **
2613 ** Value constraints (all checked via assert()):
2614 **    NC_HasAgg    == SF_HasAgg
2615 **    NC_MinMaxAgg == SF_MinMaxAgg == SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX
2616 **
2617 */
2618 #define NC_AllowAgg  0x0001  /* Aggregate functions are allowed here */
2619 #define NC_PartIdx   0x0002  /* True if resolving a partial index WHERE */
2620 #define NC_IsCheck   0x0004  /* True if resolving names in a CHECK constraint */
2621 #define NC_InAggFunc 0x0008  /* True if analyzing arguments to an agg func */
2622 #define NC_HasAgg    0x0010  /* One or more aggregate functions seen */
2623 #define NC_IdxExpr   0x0020  /* True if resolving columns of CREATE INDEX */
2624 #define NC_VarSelect 0x0040  /* A correlated subquery has been seen */
2625 #define NC_MinMaxAgg 0x1000  /* min/max aggregates seen.  See note above */
2626 
2627 /*
2628 ** An instance of the following structure contains all information
2629 ** needed to generate code for a single SELECT statement.
2630 **
2631 ** nLimit is set to -1 if there is no LIMIT clause.  nOffset is set to 0.
2632 ** If there is a LIMIT clause, the parser sets nLimit to the value of the
2633 ** limit and nOffset to the value of the offset (or 0 if there is not
2634 ** offset).  But later on, nLimit and nOffset become the memory locations
2635 ** in the VDBE that record the limit and offset counters.
2636 **
2637 ** addrOpenEphm[] entries contain the address of OP_OpenEphemeral opcodes.
2638 ** These addresses must be stored so that we can go back and fill in
2639 ** the P4_KEYINFO and P2 parameters later.  Neither the KeyInfo nor
2640 ** the number of columns in P2 can be computed at the same time
2641 ** as the OP_OpenEphm instruction is coded because not
2642 ** enough information about the compound query is known at that point.
2643 ** The KeyInfo for addrOpenTran[0] and [1] contains collating sequences
2644 ** for the result set.  The KeyInfo for addrOpenEphm[2] contains collating
2645 ** sequences for the ORDER BY clause.
2646 */
2647 struct Select {
2648   ExprList *pEList;      /* The fields of the result */
2649   u8 op;                 /* One of: TK_UNION TK_ALL TK_INTERSECT TK_EXCEPT */
2650   LogEst nSelectRow;     /* Estimated number of result rows */
2651   u32 selFlags;          /* Various SF_* values */
2652   int iLimit, iOffset;   /* Memory registers holding LIMIT & OFFSET counters */
2653 #if SELECTTRACE_ENABLED
2654   char zSelName[12];     /* Symbolic name of this SELECT use for debugging */
2655 #endif
2656   int addrOpenEphm[2];   /* OP_OpenEphem opcodes related to this select */
2657   SrcList *pSrc;         /* The FROM clause */
2658   Expr *pWhere;          /* The WHERE clause */
2659   ExprList *pGroupBy;    /* The GROUP BY clause */
2660   Expr *pHaving;         /* The HAVING clause */
2661   ExprList *pOrderBy;    /* The ORDER BY clause */
2662   Select *pPrior;        /* Prior select in a compound select statement */
2663   Select *pNext;         /* Next select to the left in a compound */
2664   Expr *pLimit;          /* LIMIT expression. NULL means not used. */
2665   Expr *pOffset;         /* OFFSET expression. NULL means not used. */
2666   With *pWith;           /* WITH clause attached to this select. Or NULL. */
2667 };
2668 
2669 /*
2670 ** Allowed values for Select.selFlags.  The "SF" prefix stands for
2671 ** "Select Flag".
2672 **
2673 ** Value constraints (all checked via assert())
2674 **     SF_HasAgg     == NC_HasAgg
2675 **     SF_MinMaxAgg  == NC_MinMaxAgg     == SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX
2676 **     SF_FixedLimit == WHERE_USE_LIMIT
2677 */
2678 #define SF_Distinct       0x00001  /* Output should be DISTINCT */
2679 #define SF_All            0x00002  /* Includes the ALL keyword */
2680 #define SF_Resolved       0x00004  /* Identifiers have been resolved */
2681 #define SF_Aggregate      0x00008  /* Contains agg functions or a GROUP BY */
2682 #define SF_HasAgg         0x00010  /* Contains aggregate functions */
2683 #define SF_UsesEphemeral  0x00020  /* Uses the OpenEphemeral opcode */
2684 #define SF_Expanded       0x00040  /* sqlite3SelectExpand() called on this */
2685 #define SF_HasTypeInfo    0x00080  /* FROM subqueries have Table metadata */
2686 #define SF_Compound       0x00100  /* Part of a compound query */
2687 #define SF_Values         0x00200  /* Synthesized from VALUES clause */
2688 #define SF_MultiValue     0x00400  /* Single VALUES term with multiple rows */
2689 #define SF_NestedFrom     0x00800  /* Part of a parenthesized FROM clause */
2690 #define SF_MinMaxAgg      0x01000  /* Aggregate containing min() or max() */
2691 #define SF_Recursive      0x02000  /* The recursive part of a recursive CTE */
2692 #define SF_FixedLimit     0x04000  /* nSelectRow set by a constant LIMIT */
2693 #define SF_MaybeConvert   0x08000  /* Need convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
2694 #define SF_Converted      0x10000  /* By convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
2695 #define SF_IncludeHidden  0x20000  /* Include hidden columns in output */
2696 
2697 
2698 /*
2699 ** The results of a SELECT can be distributed in several ways, as defined
2700 ** by one of the following macros.  The "SRT" prefix means "SELECT Result
2701 ** Type".
2702 **
2703 **     SRT_Union       Store results as a key in a temporary index
2704 **                     identified by pDest->iSDParm.
2705 **
2706 **     SRT_Except      Remove results from the temporary index pDest->iSDParm.
2707 **
2708 **     SRT_Exists      Store a 1 in memory cell pDest->iSDParm if the result
2709 **                     set is not empty.
2710 **
2711 **     SRT_Discard     Throw the results away.  This is used by SELECT
2712 **                     statements within triggers whose only purpose is
2713 **                     the side-effects of functions.
2714 **
2715 ** All of the above are free to ignore their ORDER BY clause. Those that
2716 ** follow must honor the ORDER BY clause.
2717 **
2718 **     SRT_Output      Generate a row of output (using the OP_ResultRow
2719 **                     opcode) for each row in the result set.
2720 **
2721 **     SRT_Mem         Only valid if the result is a single column.
2722 **                     Store the first column of the first result row
2723 **                     in register pDest->iSDParm then abandon the rest
2724 **                     of the query.  This destination implies "LIMIT 1".
2725 **
2726 **     SRT_Set         The result must be a single column.  Store each
2727 **                     row of result as the key in table pDest->iSDParm.
2728 **                     Apply the affinity pDest->affSdst before storing
2729 **                     results.  Used to implement "IN (SELECT ...)".
2730 **
2731 **     SRT_EphemTab    Create an temporary table pDest->iSDParm and store
2732 **                     the result there. The cursor is left open after
2733 **                     returning.  This is like SRT_Table except that
2734 **                     this destination uses OP_OpenEphemeral to create
2735 **                     the table first.
2736 **
2737 **     SRT_Coroutine   Generate a co-routine that returns a new row of
2738 **                     results each time it is invoked.  The entry point
2739 **                     of the co-routine is stored in register pDest->iSDParm
2740 **                     and the result row is stored in pDest->nDest registers
2741 **                     starting with pDest->iSdst.
2742 **
2743 **     SRT_Table       Store results in temporary table pDest->iSDParm.
2744 **     SRT_Fifo        This is like SRT_EphemTab except that the table
2745 **                     is assumed to already be open.  SRT_Fifo has
2746 **                     the additional property of being able to ignore
2747 **                     the ORDER BY clause.
2748 **
2749 **     SRT_DistFifo    Store results in a temporary table pDest->iSDParm.
2750 **                     But also use temporary table pDest->iSDParm+1 as
2751 **                     a record of all prior results and ignore any duplicate
2752 **                     rows.  Name means:  "Distinct Fifo".
2753 **
2754 **     SRT_Queue       Store results in priority queue pDest->iSDParm (really
2755 **                     an index).  Append a sequence number so that all entries
2756 **                     are distinct.
2757 **
2758 **     SRT_DistQueue   Store results in priority queue pDest->iSDParm only if
2759 **                     the same record has never been stored before.  The
2760 **                     index at pDest->iSDParm+1 hold all prior stores.
2761 */
2762 #define SRT_Union        1  /* Store result as keys in an index */
2763 #define SRT_Except       2  /* Remove result from a UNION index */
2764 #define SRT_Exists       3  /* Store 1 if the result is not empty */
2765 #define SRT_Discard      4  /* Do not save the results anywhere */
2766 #define SRT_Fifo         5  /* Store result as data with an automatic rowid */
2767 #define SRT_DistFifo     6  /* Like SRT_Fifo, but unique results only */
2768 #define SRT_Queue        7  /* Store result in an queue */
2769 #define SRT_DistQueue    8  /* Like SRT_Queue, but unique results only */
2770 
2771 /* The ORDER BY clause is ignored for all of the above */
2772 #define IgnorableOrderby(X) ((X->eDest)<=SRT_DistQueue)
2773 
2774 #define SRT_Output       9  /* Output each row of result */
2775 #define SRT_Mem         10  /* Store result in a memory cell */
2776 #define SRT_Set         11  /* Store results as keys in an index */
2777 #define SRT_EphemTab    12  /* Create transient tab and store like SRT_Table */
2778 #define SRT_Coroutine   13  /* Generate a single row of result */
2779 #define SRT_Table       14  /* Store result as data with an automatic rowid */
2780 
2781 /*
2782 ** An instance of this object describes where to put of the results of
2783 ** a SELECT statement.
2784 */
2785 struct SelectDest {
2786   u8 eDest;            /* How to dispose of the results.  On of SRT_* above. */
2787   char *zAffSdst;      /* Affinity used when eDest==SRT_Set */
2788   int iSDParm;         /* A parameter used by the eDest disposal method */
2789   int iSdst;           /* Base register where results are written */
2790   int nSdst;           /* Number of registers allocated */
2791   ExprList *pOrderBy;  /* Key columns for SRT_Queue and SRT_DistQueue */
2792 };
2793 
2794 /*
2795 ** During code generation of statements that do inserts into AUTOINCREMENT
2796 ** tables, the following information is attached to the Table.u.autoInc.p
2797 ** pointer of each autoincrement table to record some side information that
2798 ** the code generator needs.  We have to keep per-table autoincrement
2799 ** information in case inserts are done within triggers.  Triggers do not
2800 ** normally coordinate their activities, but we do need to coordinate the
2801 ** loading and saving of autoincrement information.
2802 */
2803 struct AutoincInfo {
2804   AutoincInfo *pNext;   /* Next info block in a list of them all */
2805   Table *pTab;          /* Table this info block refers to */
2806   int iDb;              /* Index in sqlite3.aDb[] of database holding pTab */
2807   int regCtr;           /* Memory register holding the rowid counter */
2808 };
2809 
2810 /*
2811 ** Size of the column cache
2812 */
2813 #ifndef SQLITE_N_COLCACHE
2814 # define SQLITE_N_COLCACHE 10
2815 #endif
2816 
2817 /*
2818 ** At least one instance of the following structure is created for each
2819 ** trigger that may be fired while parsing an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2820 ** statement. All such objects are stored in the linked list headed at
2821 ** Parse.pTriggerPrg and deleted once statement compilation has been
2822 ** completed.
2823 **
2824 ** A Vdbe sub-program that implements the body and WHEN clause of trigger
2825 ** TriggerPrg.pTrigger, assuming a default ON CONFLICT clause of
2826 ** TriggerPrg.orconf, is stored in the TriggerPrg.pProgram variable.
2827 ** The Parse.pTriggerPrg list never contains two entries with the same
2828 ** values for both pTrigger and orconf.
2829 **
2830 ** The TriggerPrg.aColmask[0] variable is set to a mask of old.* columns
2831 ** accessed (or set to 0 for triggers fired as a result of INSERT
2832 ** statements). Similarly, the TriggerPrg.aColmask[1] variable is set to
2833 ** a mask of new.* columns used by the program.
2834 */
2835 struct TriggerPrg {
2836   Trigger *pTrigger;      /* Trigger this program was coded from */
2837   TriggerPrg *pNext;      /* Next entry in Parse.pTriggerPrg list */
2838   SubProgram *pProgram;   /* Program implementing pTrigger/orconf */
2839   int orconf;             /* Default ON CONFLICT policy */
2840   u32 aColmask[2];        /* Masks of old.*, new.* columns accessed */
2841 };
2842 
2843 /*
2844 ** The yDbMask datatype for the bitmask of all attached databases.
2845 */
2846 #if SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED>30
2847   typedef unsigned char yDbMask[(SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED+9)/8];
2848 # define DbMaskTest(M,I)    (((M)[(I)/8]&(1<<((I)&7)))!=0)
2849 # define DbMaskZero(M)      memset((M),0,sizeof(M))
2850 # define DbMaskSet(M,I)     (M)[(I)/8]|=(1<<((I)&7))
2851 # define DbMaskAllZero(M)   sqlite3DbMaskAllZero(M)
2852 # define DbMaskNonZero(M)   (sqlite3DbMaskAllZero(M)==0)
2853 #else
2854   typedef unsigned int yDbMask;
2855 # define DbMaskTest(M,I)    (((M)&(((yDbMask)1)<<(I)))!=0)
2856 # define DbMaskZero(M)      (M)=0
2857 # define DbMaskSet(M,I)     (M)|=(((yDbMask)1)<<(I))
2858 # define DbMaskAllZero(M)   (M)==0
2859 # define DbMaskNonZero(M)   (M)!=0
2860 #endif
2861 
2862 /*
2863 ** An SQL parser context.  A copy of this structure is passed through
2864 ** the parser and down into all the parser action routine in order to
2865 ** carry around information that is global to the entire parse.
2866 **
2867 ** The structure is divided into two parts.  When the parser and code
2868 ** generate call themselves recursively, the first part of the structure
2869 ** is constant but the second part is reset at the beginning and end of
2870 ** each recursion.
2871 **
2872 ** The nTableLock and aTableLock variables are only used if the shared-cache
2873 ** feature is enabled (if sqlite3Tsd()->useSharedData is true). They are
2874 ** used to store the set of table-locks required by the statement being
2875 ** compiled. Function sqlite3TableLock() is used to add entries to the
2876 ** list.
2877 */
2878 struct Parse {
2879   sqlite3 *db;         /* The main database structure */
2880   char *zErrMsg;       /* An error message */
2881   Vdbe *pVdbe;         /* An engine for executing database bytecode */
2882   int rc;              /* Return code from execution */
2883   u8 colNamesSet;      /* TRUE after OP_ColumnName has been issued to pVdbe */
2884   u8 checkSchema;      /* Causes schema cookie check after an error */
2885   u8 nested;           /* Number of nested calls to the parser/code generator */
2886   u8 nTempReg;         /* Number of temporary registers in aTempReg[] */
2887   u8 isMultiWrite;     /* True if statement may modify/insert multiple rows */
2888   u8 mayAbort;         /* True if statement may throw an ABORT exception */
2889   u8 hasCompound;      /* Need to invoke convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
2890   u8 okConstFactor;    /* OK to factor out constants */
2891   u8 disableLookaside; /* Number of times lookaside has been disabled */
2892   u8 nColCache;        /* Number of entries in aColCache[] */
2893   int nRangeReg;       /* Size of the temporary register block */
2894   int iRangeReg;       /* First register in temporary register block */
2895   int nErr;            /* Number of errors seen */
2896   int nTab;            /* Number of previously allocated VDBE cursors */
2897   int nMem;            /* Number of memory cells used so far */
2898   int nOpAlloc;        /* Number of slots allocated for Vdbe.aOp[] */
2899   int szOpAlloc;       /* Bytes of memory space allocated for Vdbe.aOp[] */
2900   int ckBase;          /* Base register of data during check constraints */
2901   int iSelfTab;        /* Table of an index whose exprs are being coded */
2902   int iCacheLevel;     /* ColCache valid when aColCache[].iLevel<=iCacheLevel */
2903   int iCacheCnt;       /* Counter used to generate aColCache[].lru values */
2904   int nLabel;          /* Number of labels used */
2905   int *aLabel;         /* Space to hold the labels */
2906   ExprList *pConstExpr;/* Constant expressions */
2907   Token constraintName;/* Name of the constraint currently being parsed */
2908   yDbMask writeMask;   /* Start a write transaction on these databases */
2909   yDbMask cookieMask;  /* Bitmask of schema verified databases */
2910   int regRowid;        /* Register holding rowid of CREATE TABLE entry */
2911   int regRoot;         /* Register holding root page number for new objects */
2912   int nMaxArg;         /* Max args passed to user function by sub-program */
2913 #if SELECTTRACE_ENABLED
2914   int nSelect;         /* Number of SELECT statements seen */
2915   int nSelectIndent;   /* How far to indent SELECTTRACE() output */
2916 #endif
2917 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
2918   int nTableLock;        /* Number of locks in aTableLock */
2919   TableLock *aTableLock; /* Required table locks for shared-cache mode */
2920 #endif
2921   AutoincInfo *pAinc;  /* Information about AUTOINCREMENT counters */
2922   Parse *pToplevel;    /* Parse structure for main program (or NULL) */
2923   Table *pTriggerTab;  /* Table triggers are being coded for */
2924   int addrCrTab;       /* Address of OP_CreateTable opcode on CREATE TABLE */
2925   u32 nQueryLoop;      /* Est number of iterations of a query (10*log2(N)) */
2926   u32 oldmask;         /* Mask of old.* columns referenced */
2927   u32 newmask;         /* Mask of new.* columns referenced */
2928   u8 eTriggerOp;       /* TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT or TK_DELETE */
2929   u8 eOrconf;          /* Default ON CONFLICT policy for trigger steps */
2930   u8 disableTriggers;  /* True to disable triggers */
2931 
2932   /**************************************************************************
2933   ** Fields above must be initialized to zero.  The fields that follow,
2934   ** down to the beginning of the recursive section, do not need to be
2935   ** initialized as they will be set before being used.  The boundary is
2936   ** determined by offsetof(Parse,aColCache).
2937   **************************************************************************/
2938 
2939   struct yColCache {
2940     int iTable;           /* Table cursor number */
2941     i16 iColumn;          /* Table column number */
2942     u8 tempReg;           /* iReg is a temp register that needs to be freed */
2943     int iLevel;           /* Nesting level */
2944     int iReg;             /* Reg with value of this column. 0 means none. */
2945     int lru;              /* Least recently used entry has the smallest value */
2946   } aColCache[SQLITE_N_COLCACHE];  /* One for each column cache entry */
2947   int aTempReg[8];        /* Holding area for temporary registers */
2948   Token sNameToken;       /* Token with unqualified schema object name */
2949   Token sLastToken;       /* The last token parsed */
2950 
2951   /************************************************************************
2952   ** Above is constant between recursions.  Below is reset before and after
2953   ** each recursion.  The boundary between these two regions is determined
2954   ** using offsetof(Parse,nVar) so the nVar field must be the first field
2955   ** in the recursive region.
2956   ************************************************************************/
2957 
2958   ynVar nVar;               /* Number of '?' variables seen in the SQL so far */
2959   int nzVar;                /* Number of available slots in azVar[] */
2960   u8 iPkSortOrder;          /* ASC or DESC for INTEGER PRIMARY KEY */
2961   u8 explain;               /* True if the EXPLAIN flag is found on the query */
2962 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
2963   u8 declareVtab;           /* True if inside sqlite3_declare_vtab() */
2964   int nVtabLock;            /* Number of virtual tables to lock */
2965 #endif
2966   int nHeight;              /* Expression tree height of current sub-select */
2967 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
2968   int iSelectId;            /* ID of current select for EXPLAIN output */
2969   int iNextSelectId;        /* Next available select ID for EXPLAIN output */
2970 #endif
2971   char **azVar;             /* Pointers to names of parameters */
2972   Vdbe *pReprepare;         /* VM being reprepared (sqlite3Reprepare()) */
2973   const char *zTail;        /* All SQL text past the last semicolon parsed */
2974   Table *pNewTable;         /* A table being constructed by CREATE TABLE */
2975   Trigger *pNewTrigger;     /* Trigger under construct by a CREATE TRIGGER */
2976   const char *zAuthContext; /* The 6th parameter to db->xAuth callbacks */
2977 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
2978   Token sArg;               /* Complete text of a module argument */
2979   Table **apVtabLock;       /* Pointer to virtual tables needing locking */
2980 #endif
2981   Table *pZombieTab;        /* List of Table objects to delete after code gen */
2982   TriggerPrg *pTriggerPrg;  /* Linked list of coded triggers */
2983   With *pWith;              /* Current WITH clause, or NULL */
2984   With *pWithToFree;        /* Free this WITH object at the end of the parse */
2985 };
2986 
2987 /*
2988 ** Sizes and pointers of various parts of the Parse object.
2989 */
2990 #define PARSE_HDR_SZ offsetof(Parse,aColCache) /* Recursive part w/o aColCache*/
2991 #define PARSE_RECURSE_SZ offsetof(Parse,nVar)  /* Recursive part */
2992 #define PARSE_TAIL_SZ (sizeof(Parse)-PARSE_RECURSE_SZ) /* Non-recursive part */
2993 #define PARSE_TAIL(X) (((char*)(X))+PARSE_RECURSE_SZ)  /* Pointer to tail */
2994 
2995 /*
2996 ** Return true if currently inside an sqlite3_declare_vtab() call.
2997 */
2998 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
2999   #define IN_DECLARE_VTAB 0
3000 #else
3001   #define IN_DECLARE_VTAB (pParse->declareVtab)
3002 #endif
3003 
3004 /*
3005 ** An instance of the following structure can be declared on a stack and used
3006 ** to save the Parse.zAuthContext value so that it can be restored later.
3007 */
3008 struct AuthContext {
3009   const char *zAuthContext;   /* Put saved Parse.zAuthContext here */
3010   Parse *pParse;              /* The Parse structure */
3011 };
3012 
3013 /*
3014 ** Bitfield flags for P5 value in various opcodes.
3015 **
3016 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
3017 **    OPFLAG_LENGTHARG    == SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH
3018 **    OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG    == SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF
3019 **    OPFLAG_BULKCSR      == BTREE_BULKLOAD
3020 **    OPFLAG_SEEKEQ       == BTREE_SEEK_EQ
3021 **    OPFLAG_FORDELETE    == BTREE_FORDELETE
3022 **    OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION == BTREE_SAVEPOSITION
3023 **    OPFLAG_AUXDELETE    == BTREE_AUXDELETE
3024 */
3025 #define OPFLAG_NCHANGE       0x01    /* OP_Insert: Set to update db->nChange */
3026                                      /* Also used in P2 (not P5) of OP_Delete */
3027 #define OPFLAG_EPHEM         0x01    /* OP_Column: Ephemeral output is ok */
3028 #define OPFLAG_LASTROWID     0x02    /* Set to update db->lastRowid */
3029 #define OPFLAG_ISUPDATE      0x04    /* This OP_Insert is an sql UPDATE */
3030 #define OPFLAG_APPEND        0x08    /* This is likely to be an append */
3031 #define OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT 0x10    /* Try to avoid a seek in BtreeInsert() */
3032 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
3033 #define OPFLAG_ISNOOP        0x40    /* OP_Delete does pre-update-hook only */
3034 #endif
3035 #define OPFLAG_LENGTHARG     0x40    /* OP_Column only used for length() */
3036 #define OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG     0x80    /* OP_Column only used for typeof() */
3037 #define OPFLAG_BULKCSR       0x01    /* OP_Open** used to open bulk cursor */
3038 #define OPFLAG_SEEKEQ        0x02    /* OP_Open** cursor uses EQ seek only */
3039 #define OPFLAG_FORDELETE     0x08    /* OP_Open should use BTREE_FORDELETE */
3040 #define OPFLAG_P2ISREG       0x10    /* P2 to OP_Open** is a register number */
3041 #define OPFLAG_PERMUTE       0x01    /* OP_Compare: use the permutation */
3042 #define OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION  0x02    /* OP_Delete: keep cursor position */
3043 #define OPFLAG_AUXDELETE     0x04    /* OP_Delete: index in a DELETE op */
3044 
3045 /*
3046  * Each trigger present in the database schema is stored as an instance of
3047  * struct Trigger.
3048  *
3049  * Pointers to instances of struct Trigger are stored in two ways.
3050  * 1. In the "trigHash" hash table (part of the sqlite3* that represents the
3051  *    database). This allows Trigger structures to be retrieved by name.
3052  * 2. All triggers associated with a single table form a linked list, using the
3053  *    pNext member of struct Trigger. A pointer to the first element of the
3054  *    linked list is stored as the "pTrigger" member of the associated
3055  *    struct Table.
3056  *
3057  * The "step_list" member points to the first element of a linked list
3058  * containing the SQL statements specified as the trigger program.
3059  */
3060 struct Trigger {
3061   char *zName;            /* The name of the trigger                        */
3062   char *table;            /* The table or view to which the trigger applies */
3063   u8 op;                  /* One of TK_DELETE, TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT         */
3064   u8 tr_tm;               /* One of TRIGGER_BEFORE, TRIGGER_AFTER */
3065   Expr *pWhen;            /* The WHEN clause of the expression (may be NULL) */
3066   IdList *pColumns;       /* If this is an UPDATE OF <column-list> trigger,
3067                              the <column-list> is stored here */
3068   Schema *pSchema;        /* Schema containing the trigger */
3069   Schema *pTabSchema;     /* Schema containing the table */
3070   TriggerStep *step_list; /* Link list of trigger program steps             */
3071   Trigger *pNext;         /* Next trigger associated with the table */
3072 };
3073 
3074 /*
3075 ** A trigger is either a BEFORE or an AFTER trigger.  The following constants
3076 ** determine which.
3077 **
3078 ** If there are multiple triggers, you might of some BEFORE and some AFTER.
3079 ** In that cases, the constants below can be ORed together.
3080 */
3081 #define TRIGGER_BEFORE  1
3082 #define TRIGGER_AFTER   2
3083 
3084 /*
3085  * An instance of struct TriggerStep is used to store a single SQL statement
3086  * that is a part of a trigger-program.
3087  *
3088  * Instances of struct TriggerStep are stored in a singly linked list (linked
3089  * using the "pNext" member) referenced by the "step_list" member of the
3090  * associated struct Trigger instance. The first element of the linked list is
3091  * the first step of the trigger-program.
3092  *
3093  * The "op" member indicates whether this is a "DELETE", "INSERT", "UPDATE" or
3094  * "SELECT" statement. The meanings of the other members is determined by the
3095  * value of "op" as follows:
3096  *
3097  * (op == TK_INSERT)
3098  * orconf    -> stores the ON CONFLICT algorithm
3099  * pSelect   -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... SELECT ... statement, then
3100  *              this stores a pointer to the SELECT statement. Otherwise NULL.
3101  * zTarget   -> Dequoted name of the table to insert into.
3102  * pExprList -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... VALUES ... statement, then
3103  *              this stores values to be inserted. Otherwise NULL.
3104  * pIdList   -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... (<column-names>) VALUES ...
3105  *              statement, then this stores the column-names to be
3106  *              inserted into.
3107  *
3108  * (op == TK_DELETE)
3109  * zTarget   -> Dequoted name of the table to delete from.
3110  * pWhere    -> The WHERE clause of the DELETE statement if one is specified.
3111  *              Otherwise NULL.
3112  *
3113  * (op == TK_UPDATE)
3114  * zTarget   -> Dequoted name of the table to update.
3115  * pWhere    -> The WHERE clause of the UPDATE statement if one is specified.
3116  *              Otherwise NULL.
3117  * pExprList -> A list of the columns to update and the expressions to update
3118  *              them to. See sqlite3Update() documentation of "pChanges"
3119  *              argument.
3120  *
3121  */
3122 struct TriggerStep {
3123   u8 op;               /* One of TK_DELETE, TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT, TK_SELECT */
3124   u8 orconf;           /* OE_Rollback etc. */
3125   Trigger *pTrig;      /* The trigger that this step is a part of */
3126   Select *pSelect;     /* SELECT statement or RHS of INSERT INTO SELECT ... */
3127   char *zTarget;       /* Target table for DELETE, UPDATE, INSERT */
3128   Expr *pWhere;        /* The WHERE clause for DELETE or UPDATE steps */
3129   ExprList *pExprList; /* SET clause for UPDATE. */
3130   IdList *pIdList;     /* Column names for INSERT */
3131   TriggerStep *pNext;  /* Next in the link-list */
3132   TriggerStep *pLast;  /* Last element in link-list. Valid for 1st elem only */
3133 };
3134 
3135 /*
3136 ** The following structure contains information used by the sqliteFix...
3137 ** routines as they walk the parse tree to make database references
3138 ** explicit.
3139 */
3140 typedef struct DbFixer DbFixer;
3141 struct DbFixer {
3142   Parse *pParse;      /* The parsing context.  Error messages written here */
3143   Schema *pSchema;    /* Fix items to this schema */
3144   int bVarOnly;       /* Check for variable references only */
3145   const char *zDb;    /* Make sure all objects are contained in this database */
3146   const char *zType;  /* Type of the container - used for error messages */
3147   const Token *pName; /* Name of the container - used for error messages */
3148 };
3149 
3150 /*
3151 ** An objected used to accumulate the text of a string where we
3152 ** do not necessarily know how big the string will be in the end.
3153 */
3154 struct StrAccum {
3155   sqlite3 *db;         /* Optional database for lookaside.  Can be NULL */
3156   char *zBase;         /* A base allocation.  Not from malloc. */
3157   char *zText;         /* The string collected so far */
3158   u32  nChar;          /* Length of the string so far */
3159   u32  nAlloc;         /* Amount of space allocated in zText */
3160   u32  mxAlloc;        /* Maximum allowed allocation.  0 for no malloc usage */
3161   u8   accError;       /* STRACCUM_NOMEM or STRACCUM_TOOBIG */
3162   u8   printfFlags;    /* SQLITE_PRINTF flags below */
3163 };
3164 #define STRACCUM_NOMEM   1
3165 #define STRACCUM_TOOBIG  2
3166 #define SQLITE_PRINTF_INTERNAL 0x01  /* Internal-use-only converters allowed */
3167 #define SQLITE_PRINTF_SQLFUNC  0x02  /* SQL function arguments to VXPrintf */
3168 #define SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED 0x04  /* True if xText is allocated space */
3169 
3170 #define isMalloced(X)  (((X)->printfFlags & SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED)!=0)
3171 
3172 
3173 /*
3174 ** A pointer to this structure is used to communicate information
3175 ** from sqlite3Init and OP_ParseSchema into the sqlite3InitCallback.
3176 */
3177 typedef struct {
3178   sqlite3 *db;        /* The database being initialized */
3179   char **pzErrMsg;    /* Error message stored here */
3180   int iDb;            /* 0 for main database.  1 for TEMP, 2.. for ATTACHed */
3181   int rc;             /* Result code stored here */
3182 } InitData;
3183 
3184 /*
3185 ** Structure containing global configuration data for the SQLite library.
3186 **
3187 ** This structure also contains some state information.
3188 */
3189 struct Sqlite3Config {
3190   int bMemstat;                     /* True to enable memory status */
3191   int bCoreMutex;                   /* True to enable core mutexing */
3192   int bFullMutex;                   /* True to enable full mutexing */
3193   int bOpenUri;                     /* True to interpret filenames as URIs */
3194   int bUseCis;                      /* Use covering indices for full-scans */
3195   int mxStrlen;                     /* Maximum string length */
3196   int neverCorrupt;                 /* Database is always well-formed */
3197   int szLookaside;                  /* Default lookaside buffer size */
3198   int nLookaside;                   /* Default lookaside buffer count */
3199   int nStmtSpill;                   /* Stmt-journal spill-to-disk threshold */
3200   sqlite3_mem_methods m;            /* Low-level memory allocation interface */
3201   sqlite3_mutex_methods mutex;      /* Low-level mutex interface */
3202   sqlite3_pcache_methods2 pcache2;  /* Low-level page-cache interface */
3203   void *pHeap;                      /* Heap storage space */
3204   int nHeap;                        /* Size of pHeap[] */
3205   int mnReq, mxReq;                 /* Min and max heap requests sizes */
3206   sqlite3_int64 szMmap;             /* mmap() space per open file */
3207   sqlite3_int64 mxMmap;             /* Maximum value for szMmap */
3208   void *pScratch;                   /* Scratch memory */
3209   int szScratch;                    /* Size of each scratch buffer */
3210   int nScratch;                     /* Number of scratch buffers */
3211   void *pPage;                      /* Page cache memory */
3212   int szPage;                       /* Size of each page in pPage[] */
3213   int nPage;                        /* Number of pages in pPage[] */
3214   int mxParserStack;                /* maximum depth of the parser stack */
3215   int sharedCacheEnabled;           /* true if shared-cache mode enabled */
3216   u32 szPma;                        /* Maximum Sorter PMA size */
3217   /* The above might be initialized to non-zero.  The following need to always
3218   ** initially be zero, however. */
3219   int isInit;                       /* True after initialization has finished */
3220   int inProgress;                   /* True while initialization in progress */
3221   int isMutexInit;                  /* True after mutexes are initialized */
3222   int isMallocInit;                 /* True after malloc is initialized */
3223   int isPCacheInit;                 /* True after malloc is initialized */
3224   int nRefInitMutex;                /* Number of users of pInitMutex */
3225   sqlite3_mutex *pInitMutex;        /* Mutex used by sqlite3_initialize() */
3226   void (*xLog)(void*,int,const char*); /* Function for logging */
3227   void *pLogArg;                       /* First argument to xLog() */
3228 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG
3229   void(*xSqllog)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int);
3230   void *pSqllogArg;
3231 #endif
3232 #ifdef SQLITE_VDBE_COVERAGE
3233   /* The following callback (if not NULL) is invoked on every VDBE branch
3234   ** operation.  Set the callback using SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE.
3235   */
3236   void (*xVdbeBranch)(void*,int iSrcLine,u8 eThis,u8 eMx);  /* Callback */
3237   void *pVdbeBranchArg;                                     /* 1st argument */
3238 #endif
3239 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BUILTIN_TEST
3240   int (*xTestCallback)(int);        /* Invoked by sqlite3FaultSim() */
3241 #endif
3242   int bLocaltimeFault;              /* True to fail localtime() calls */
3243   int iOnceResetThreshold;          /* When to reset OP_Once counters */
3244 };
3245 
3246 /*
3247 ** This macro is used inside of assert() statements to indicate that
3248 ** the assert is only valid on a well-formed database.  Instead of:
3249 **
3250 **     assert( X );
3251 **
3252 ** One writes:
3253 **
3254 **     assert( X || CORRUPT_DB );
3255 **
3256 ** CORRUPT_DB is true during normal operation.  CORRUPT_DB does not indicate
3257 ** that the database is definitely corrupt, only that it might be corrupt.
3258 ** For most test cases, CORRUPT_DB is set to false using a special
3259 ** sqlite3_test_control().  This enables assert() statements to prove
3260 ** things that are always true for well-formed databases.
3261 */
3262 #define CORRUPT_DB  (sqlite3Config.neverCorrupt==0)
3263 
3264 /*
3265 ** Context pointer passed down through the tree-walk.
3266 */
3267 struct Walker {
3268   Parse *pParse;                            /* Parser context.  */
3269   int (*xExprCallback)(Walker*, Expr*);     /* Callback for expressions */
3270   int (*xSelectCallback)(Walker*,Select*);  /* Callback for SELECTs */
3271   void (*xSelectCallback2)(Walker*,Select*);/* Second callback for SELECTs */
3272   int walkerDepth;                          /* Number of subqueries */
3273   u8 eCode;                                 /* A small processing code */
3274   union {                                   /* Extra data for callback */
3275     NameContext *pNC;                          /* Naming context */
3276     int n;                                     /* A counter */
3277     int iCur;                                  /* A cursor number */
3278     SrcList *pSrcList;                         /* FROM clause */
3279     struct SrcCount *pSrcCount;                /* Counting column references */
3280     struct CCurHint *pCCurHint;                /* Used by codeCursorHint() */
3281     int *aiCol;                                /* array of column indexes */
3282     struct IdxCover *pIdxCover;                /* Check for index coverage */
3283   } u;
3284 };
3285 
3286 /* Forward declarations */
3287 int sqlite3WalkExpr(Walker*, Expr*);
3288 int sqlite3WalkExprList(Walker*, ExprList*);
3289 int sqlite3WalkSelect(Walker*, Select*);
3290 int sqlite3WalkSelectExpr(Walker*, Select*);
3291 int sqlite3WalkSelectFrom(Walker*, Select*);
3292 int sqlite3ExprWalkNoop(Walker*, Expr*);
3293 
3294 /*
3295 ** Return code from the parse-tree walking primitives and their
3296 ** callbacks.
3297 */
3298 #define WRC_Continue    0   /* Continue down into children */
3299 #define WRC_Prune       1   /* Omit children but continue walking siblings */
3300 #define WRC_Abort       2   /* Abandon the tree walk */
3301 
3302 /*
3303 ** An instance of this structure represents a set of one or more CTEs
3304 ** (common table expressions) created by a single WITH clause.
3305 */
3306 struct With {
3307   int nCte;                       /* Number of CTEs in the WITH clause */
3308   With *pOuter;                   /* Containing WITH clause, or NULL */
3309   struct Cte {                    /* For each CTE in the WITH clause.... */
3310     char *zName;                    /* Name of this CTE */
3311     ExprList *pCols;                /* List of explicit column names, or NULL */
3312     Select *pSelect;                /* The definition of this CTE */
3313     const char *zCteErr;            /* Error message for circular references */
3314   } a[1];
3315 };
3316 
3317 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3318 /*
3319 ** An instance of the TreeView object is used for printing the content of
3320 ** data structures on sqlite3DebugPrintf() using a tree-like view.
3321 */
3322 struct TreeView {
3323   int iLevel;             /* Which level of the tree we are on */
3324   u8  bLine[100];         /* Draw vertical in column i if bLine[i] is true */
3325 };
3326 #endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */
3327 
3328 /*
3329 ** Assuming zIn points to the first byte of a UTF-8 character,
3330 ** advance zIn to point to the first byte of the next UTF-8 character.
3331 */
3332 #define SQLITE_SKIP_UTF8(zIn) {                        \
3333   if( (*(zIn++))>=0xc0 ){                              \
3334     while( (*zIn & 0xc0)==0x80 ){ zIn++; }             \
3335   }                                                    \
3336 }
3337 
3338 /*
3339 ** The SQLITE_*_BKPT macros are substitutes for the error codes with
3340 ** the same name but without the _BKPT suffix.  These macros invoke
3341 ** routines that report the line-number on which the error originated
3342 ** using sqlite3_log().  The routines also provide a convenient place
3343 ** to set a debugger breakpoint.
3344 */
3345 int sqlite3CorruptError(int);
3346 int sqlite3MisuseError(int);
3347 int sqlite3CantopenError(int);
3348 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT sqlite3CorruptError(__LINE__)
3349 #define SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT sqlite3MisuseError(__LINE__)
3350 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_BKPT sqlite3CantopenError(__LINE__)
3351 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3352   int sqlite3NomemError(int);
3353   int sqlite3IoerrnomemError(int);
3354 # define SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT sqlite3NomemError(__LINE__)
3355 # define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT sqlite3IoerrnomemError(__LINE__)
3356 #else
3357 # define SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT SQLITE_NOMEM
3358 # define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM
3359 #endif
3360 
3361 /*
3362 ** FTS3 and FTS4 both require virtual table support
3363 */
3364 #if defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
3365 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3
3366 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4
3367 #endif
3368 
3369 /*
3370 ** FTS4 is really an extension for FTS3.  It is enabled using the
3371 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3 macro.  But to avoid confusion we also call
3372 ** the SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4 macro to serve as an alias for SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3.
3373 */
3374 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4) && !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3)
3375 # define SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3 1
3376 #endif
3377 
3378 /*
3379 ** The ctype.h header is needed for non-ASCII systems.  It is also
3380 ** needed by FTS3 when FTS3 is included in the amalgamation.
3381 */
3382 #if !defined(SQLITE_ASCII) || \
3383     (defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3) && defined(SQLITE_AMALGAMATION))
3384 # include <ctype.h>
3385 #endif
3386 
3387 /*
3388 ** The following macros mimic the standard library functions toupper(),
3389 ** isspace(), isalnum(), isdigit() and isxdigit(), respectively. The
3390 ** sqlite versions only work for ASCII characters, regardless of locale.
3391 */
3392 #ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
3393 # define sqlite3Toupper(x)  ((x)&~(sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x20))
3394 # define sqlite3Isspace(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x01)
3395 # define sqlite3Isalnum(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x06)
3396 # define sqlite3Isalpha(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x02)
3397 # define sqlite3Isdigit(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x04)
3398 # define sqlite3Isxdigit(x)  (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x08)
3399 # define sqlite3Tolower(x)   (sqlite3UpperToLower[(unsigned char)(x)])
3400 # define sqlite3Isquote(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x80)
3401 #else
3402 # define sqlite3Toupper(x)   toupper((unsigned char)(x))
3403 # define sqlite3Isspace(x)   isspace((unsigned char)(x))
3404 # define sqlite3Isalnum(x)   isalnum((unsigned char)(x))
3405 # define sqlite3Isalpha(x)   isalpha((unsigned char)(x))
3406 # define sqlite3Isdigit(x)   isdigit((unsigned char)(x))
3407 # define sqlite3Isxdigit(x)  isxdigit((unsigned char)(x))
3408 # define sqlite3Tolower(x)   tolower((unsigned char)(x))
3409 # define sqlite3Isquote(x)   ((x)=='"'||(x)=='\''||(x)=='['||(x)=='`')
3410 #endif
3411 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
3412 int sqlite3IsIdChar(u8);
3413 #endif
3414 
3415 /*
3416 ** Internal function prototypes
3417 */
3418 int sqlite3StrICmp(const char*,const char*);
3419 int sqlite3Strlen30(const char*);
3420 char *sqlite3ColumnType(Column*,char*);
3421 #define sqlite3StrNICmp sqlite3_strnicmp
3422 
3423 int sqlite3MallocInit(void);
3424 void sqlite3MallocEnd(void);
3425 void *sqlite3Malloc(u64);
3426 void *sqlite3MallocZero(u64);
3427 void *sqlite3DbMallocZero(sqlite3*, u64);
3428 void *sqlite3DbMallocRaw(sqlite3*, u64);
3429 void *sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(sqlite3*, u64);
3430 char *sqlite3DbStrDup(sqlite3*,const char*);
3431 char *sqlite3DbStrNDup(sqlite3*,const char*, u64);
3432 void *sqlite3Realloc(void*, u64);
3433 void *sqlite3DbReallocOrFree(sqlite3 *, void *, u64);
3434 void *sqlite3DbRealloc(sqlite3 *, void *, u64);
3435 void sqlite3DbFree(sqlite3*, void*);
3436 int sqlite3MallocSize(void*);
3437 int sqlite3DbMallocSize(sqlite3*, void*);
3438 void *sqlite3ScratchMalloc(int);
3439 void sqlite3ScratchFree(void*);
3440 void *sqlite3PageMalloc(int);
3441 void sqlite3PageFree(void*);
3442 void sqlite3MemSetDefault(void);
3443 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BUILTIN_TEST
3444 void sqlite3BenignMallocHooks(void (*)(void), void (*)(void));
3445 #endif
3446 int sqlite3HeapNearlyFull(void);
3447 
3448 /*
3449 ** On systems with ample stack space and that support alloca(), make
3450 ** use of alloca() to obtain space for large automatic objects.  By default,
3451 ** obtain space from malloc().
3452 **
3453 ** The alloca() routine never returns NULL.  This will cause code paths
3454 ** that deal with sqlite3StackAlloc() failures to be unreachable.
3455 */
3456 #ifdef SQLITE_USE_ALLOCA
3457 # define sqlite3StackAllocRaw(D,N)   alloca(N)
3458 # define sqlite3StackAllocZero(D,N)  memset(alloca(N), 0, N)
3459 # define sqlite3StackFree(D,P)
3460 #else
3461 # define sqlite3StackAllocRaw(D,N)   sqlite3DbMallocRaw(D,N)
3462 # define sqlite3StackAllocZero(D,N)  sqlite3DbMallocZero(D,N)
3463 # define sqlite3StackFree(D,P)       sqlite3DbFree(D,P)
3464 #endif
3465 
3466 /* Do not allow both MEMSYS5 and MEMSYS3 to be defined together.  If they
3467 ** are, disable MEMSYS3
3468 */
3469 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5
3470 const sqlite3_mem_methods *sqlite3MemGetMemsys5(void);
3471 #undef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3
3472 #endif
3473 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3
3474 const sqlite3_mem_methods *sqlite3MemGetMemsys3(void);
3475 #endif
3476 
3477 
3478 #ifndef SQLITE_MUTEX_OMIT
3479   sqlite3_mutex_methods const *sqlite3DefaultMutex(void);
3480   sqlite3_mutex_methods const *sqlite3NoopMutex(void);
3481   sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3MutexAlloc(int);
3482   int sqlite3MutexInit(void);
3483   int sqlite3MutexEnd(void);
3484 #endif
3485 #if !defined(SQLITE_MUTEX_OMIT) && !defined(SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP)
3486   void sqlite3MemoryBarrier(void);
3487 #else
3488 # define sqlite3MemoryBarrier()
3489 #endif
3490 
3491 sqlite3_int64 sqlite3StatusValue(int);
3492 void sqlite3StatusUp(int, int);
3493 void sqlite3StatusDown(int, int);
3494 void sqlite3StatusHighwater(int, int);
3495 
3496 /* Access to mutexes used by sqlite3_status() */
3497 sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3Pcache1Mutex(void);
3498 sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3MallocMutex(void);
3499 
3500 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
3501   int sqlite3IsNaN(double);
3502 #else
3503 # define sqlite3IsNaN(X)  0
3504 #endif
3505 
3506 /*
3507 ** An instance of the following structure holds information about SQL
3508 ** functions arguments that are the parameters to the printf() function.
3509 */
3510 struct PrintfArguments {
3511   int nArg;                /* Total number of arguments */
3512   int nUsed;               /* Number of arguments used so far */
3513   sqlite3_value **apArg;   /* The argument values */
3514 };
3515 
3516 void sqlite3VXPrintf(StrAccum*, const char*, va_list);
3517 void sqlite3XPrintf(StrAccum*, const char*, ...);
3518 char *sqlite3MPrintf(sqlite3*,const char*, ...);
3519 char *sqlite3VMPrintf(sqlite3*,const char*, va_list);
3520 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE)
3521   void sqlite3DebugPrintf(const char*, ...);
3522 #endif
3523 #if defined(SQLITE_TEST)
3524   void *sqlite3TestTextToPtr(const char*);
3525 #endif
3526 
3527 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
3528   void sqlite3TreeViewExpr(TreeView*, const Expr*, u8);
3529   void sqlite3TreeViewBareExprList(TreeView*, const ExprList*, const char*);
3530   void sqlite3TreeViewExprList(TreeView*, const ExprList*, u8, const char*);
3531   void sqlite3TreeViewSelect(TreeView*, const Select*, u8);
3532   void sqlite3TreeViewWith(TreeView*, const With*, u8);
3533 #endif
3534 
3535 
3536 void sqlite3SetString(char **, sqlite3*, const char*);
3537 void sqlite3ErrorMsg(Parse*, const char*, ...);
3538 void sqlite3Dequote(char*);
3539 void sqlite3TokenInit(Token*,char*);
3540 int sqlite3KeywordCode(const unsigned char*, int);
3541 int sqlite3RunParser(Parse*, const char*, char **);
3542 void sqlite3FinishCoding(Parse*);
3543 int sqlite3GetTempReg(Parse*);
3544 void sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(Parse*,int);
3545 int sqlite3GetTempRange(Parse*,int);
3546 void sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(Parse*,int,int);
3547 void sqlite3ClearTempRegCache(Parse*);
3548 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3549 int sqlite3NoTempsInRange(Parse*,int,int);
3550 #endif
3551 Expr *sqlite3ExprAlloc(sqlite3*,int,const Token*,int);
3552 Expr *sqlite3Expr(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
3553 void sqlite3ExprAttachSubtrees(sqlite3*,Expr*,Expr*,Expr*);
3554 Expr *sqlite3PExpr(Parse*, int, Expr*, Expr*, const Token*);
3555 void sqlite3PExprAddSelect(Parse*, Expr*, Select*);
3556 Expr *sqlite3ExprAnd(sqlite3*,Expr*, Expr*);
3557 Expr *sqlite3ExprFunction(Parse*,ExprList*, Token*);
3558 void sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(Parse*, Expr*, u32);
3559 void sqlite3ExprDelete(sqlite3*, Expr*);
3560 ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppend(Parse*,ExprList*,Expr*);
3561 ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppendVector(Parse*,ExprList*,IdList*,Expr*);
3562 void sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(ExprList*,int);
3563 void sqlite3ExprListSetName(Parse*,ExprList*,Token*,int);
3564 void sqlite3ExprListSetSpan(Parse*,ExprList*,ExprSpan*);
3565 void sqlite3ExprListDelete(sqlite3*, ExprList*);
3566 u32 sqlite3ExprListFlags(const ExprList*);
3567 int sqlite3Init(sqlite3*, char**);
3568 int sqlite3InitCallback(void*, int, char**, char**);
3569 void sqlite3Pragma(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,int);
3570 void sqlite3ResetAllSchemasOfConnection(sqlite3*);
3571 void sqlite3ResetOneSchema(sqlite3*,int);
3572 void sqlite3CollapseDatabaseArray(sqlite3*);
3573 void sqlite3CommitInternalChanges(sqlite3*);
3574 void sqlite3DeleteColumnNames(sqlite3*,Table*);
3575 int sqlite3ColumnsFromExprList(Parse*,ExprList*,i16*,Column**);
3576 void sqlite3SelectAddColumnTypeAndCollation(Parse*,Table*,Select*);
3577 Table *sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(Parse*,Select*);
3578 void sqlite3OpenMasterTable(Parse *, int);
3579 Index *sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(Table*);
3580 i16 sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(Index*, i16);
3581 void sqlite3StartTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,int,int,int,int);
3582 #if SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
3583   void sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(Table*, Column*);
3584 #else
3585 # define sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(T,C) /* no-op */
3586 #endif
3587 void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse*,Token*,Token*);
3588 void sqlite3AddNotNull(Parse*, int);
3589 void sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, int);
3590 void sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(Parse*, Expr*);
3591 void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(Parse*,ExprSpan*);
3592 void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse*, Token*);
3593 void sqlite3EndTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,u8,Select*);
3594 int sqlite3ParseUri(const char*,const char*,unsigned int*,
3595                     sqlite3_vfs**,char**,char **);
3596 Btree *sqlite3DbNameToBtree(sqlite3*,const char*);
3597 
3598 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_BUILTIN_TEST
3599 # define sqlite3FaultSim(X) SQLITE_OK
3600 #else
3601   int sqlite3FaultSim(int);
3602 #endif
3603 
3604 Bitvec *sqlite3BitvecCreate(u32);
3605 int sqlite3BitvecTest(Bitvec*, u32);
3606 int sqlite3BitvecTestNotNull(Bitvec*, u32);
3607 int sqlite3BitvecSet(Bitvec*, u32);
3608 void sqlite3BitvecClear(Bitvec*, u32, void*);
3609 void sqlite3BitvecDestroy(Bitvec*);
3610 u32 sqlite3BitvecSize(Bitvec*);
3611 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BUILTIN_TEST
3612 int sqlite3BitvecBuiltinTest(int,int*);
3613 #endif
3614 
3615 RowSet *sqlite3RowSetInit(sqlite3*, void*, unsigned int);
3616 void sqlite3RowSetClear(RowSet*);
3617 void sqlite3RowSetInsert(RowSet*, i64);
3618 int sqlite3RowSetTest(RowSet*, int iBatch, i64);
3619 int sqlite3RowSetNext(RowSet*, i64*);
3620 
3621 void sqlite3CreateView(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,ExprList*,Select*,int,int);
3622 
3623 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
3624   int sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(Parse*,Table*);
3625 #else
3626 # define sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(A,B) 0
3627 #endif
3628 
3629 #if SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED>30
3630   int sqlite3DbMaskAllZero(yDbMask);
3631 #endif
3632 void sqlite3DropTable(Parse*, SrcList*, int, int);
3633 void sqlite3CodeDropTable(Parse*, Table*, int, int);
3634 void sqlite3DeleteTable(sqlite3*, Table*);
3635 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
3636   void sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(Parse *pParse);
3637   void sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(Parse *pParse);
3638 #else
3639 # define sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(X)
3640 # define sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(X)
3641 #endif
3642 void sqlite3Insert(Parse*, SrcList*, Select*, IdList*, int);
3643 void *sqlite3ArrayAllocate(sqlite3*,void*,int,int*,int*);
3644 IdList *sqlite3IdListAppend(sqlite3*, IdList*, Token*);
3645 int sqlite3IdListIndex(IdList*,const char*);
3646 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListEnlarge(sqlite3*, SrcList*, int, int);
3647 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppend(sqlite3*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*);
3648 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*,
3649                                       Token*, Select*, Expr*, IdList*);
3650 void sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(Parse *, SrcList *, Token *);
3651 void sqlite3SrcListFuncArgs(Parse*, SrcList*, ExprList*);
3652 int sqlite3IndexedByLookup(Parse *, struct SrcList_item *);
3653 void sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(SrcList*);
3654 void sqlite3SrcListAssignCursors(Parse*, SrcList*);
3655 void sqlite3IdListDelete(sqlite3*, IdList*);
3656 void sqlite3SrcListDelete(sqlite3*, SrcList*);
3657 Index *sqlite3AllocateIndexObject(sqlite3*,i16,int,char**);
3658 void sqlite3CreateIndex(Parse*,Token*,Token*,SrcList*,ExprList*,int,Token*,
3659                           Expr*, int, int, u8);
3660 void sqlite3DropIndex(Parse*, SrcList*, int);
3661 int sqlite3Select(Parse*, Select*, SelectDest*);
3662 Select *sqlite3SelectNew(Parse*,ExprList*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,
3663                          Expr*,ExprList*,u32,Expr*,Expr*);
3664 void sqlite3SelectDelete(sqlite3*, Select*);
3665 Table *sqlite3SrcListLookup(Parse*, SrcList*);
3666 int sqlite3IsReadOnly(Parse*, Table*, int);
3667 void sqlite3OpenTable(Parse*, int iCur, int iDb, Table*, int);
3668 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY)
3669 Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(Parse*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,Expr*,Expr*,char*);
3670 #endif
3671 void sqlite3DeleteFrom(Parse*, SrcList*, Expr*);
3672 void sqlite3Update(Parse*, SrcList*, ExprList*, Expr*, int);
3673 WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(Parse*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,ExprList*,u16,int);
3674 void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo*);
3675 LogEst sqlite3WhereOutputRowCount(WhereInfo*);
3676 int sqlite3WhereIsDistinct(WhereInfo*);
3677 int sqlite3WhereIsOrdered(WhereInfo*);
3678 int sqlite3WhereOrderedInnerLoop(WhereInfo*);
3679 int sqlite3WhereIsSorted(WhereInfo*);
3680 int sqlite3WhereContinueLabel(WhereInfo*);
3681 int sqlite3WhereBreakLabel(WhereInfo*);
3682 int sqlite3WhereOkOnePass(WhereInfo*, int*);
3683 #define ONEPASS_OFF      0        /* Use of ONEPASS not allowed */
3684 #define ONEPASS_SINGLE   1        /* ONEPASS valid for a single row update */
3685 #define ONEPASS_MULTI    2        /* ONEPASS is valid for multiple rows */
3686 void sqlite3ExprCodeLoadIndexColumn(Parse*, Index*, int, int, int);
3687 int sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int, u8);
3688 void sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnToReg(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int);
3689 void sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(Vdbe*, Table*, int, int, int);
3690 void sqlite3ExprCodeMove(Parse*, int, int, int);
3691 void sqlite3ExprCacheStore(Parse*, int, int, int);
3692 void sqlite3ExprCachePush(Parse*);
3693 void sqlite3ExprCachePop(Parse*);
3694 void sqlite3ExprCacheRemove(Parse*, int, int);
3695 void sqlite3ExprCacheClear(Parse*);
3696 void sqlite3ExprCacheAffinityChange(Parse*, int, int);
3697 void sqlite3ExprCode(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3698 void sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3699 void sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3700 void sqlite3ExprCodeAtInit(Parse*, Expr*, int, u8);
3701 int sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(Parse*, Expr*, int*);
3702 int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3703 void sqlite3ExprCodeAndCache(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3704 int sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, u8);
3705 #define SQLITE_ECEL_DUP      0x01  /* Deep, not shallow copies */
3706 #define SQLITE_ECEL_FACTOR   0x02  /* Factor out constant terms */
3707 #define SQLITE_ECEL_REF      0x04  /* Use ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */
3708 void sqlite3ExprIfTrue(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
3709 void sqlite3ExprIfFalse(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
3710 void sqlite3ExprIfFalseDup(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
3711 Table *sqlite3FindTable(sqlite3*,const char*, const char*);
3712 #define LOCATE_VIEW    0x01
3713 #define LOCATE_NOERR   0x02
3714 Table *sqlite3LocateTable(Parse*,u32 flags,const char*, const char*);
3715 Table *sqlite3LocateTableItem(Parse*,u32 flags,struct SrcList_item *);
3716 Index *sqlite3FindIndex(sqlite3*,const char*, const char*);
3717 void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTable(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
3718 void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteIndex(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
3719 void sqlite3Vacuum(Parse*,Token*);
3720 int sqlite3RunVacuum(char**, sqlite3*, int);
3721 char *sqlite3NameFromToken(sqlite3*, Token*);
3722 int sqlite3ExprCompare(Expr*, Expr*, int);
3723 int sqlite3ExprListCompare(ExprList*, ExprList*, int);
3724 int sqlite3ExprImpliesExpr(Expr*, Expr*, int);
3725 void sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggregates(NameContext*, Expr*);
3726 void sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggList(NameContext*,ExprList*);
3727 int sqlite3ExprCoveredByIndex(Expr*, int iCur, Index *pIdx);
3728 int sqlite3FunctionUsesThisSrc(Expr*, SrcList*);
3729 Vdbe *sqlite3GetVdbe(Parse*);
3730 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BUILTIN_TEST
3731 void sqlite3PrngSaveState(void);
3732 void sqlite3PrngRestoreState(void);
3733 #endif
3734 void sqlite3RollbackAll(sqlite3*,int);
3735 void sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(Parse*, int);
3736 void sqlite3CodeVerifyNamedSchema(Parse*, const char *zDb);
3737 void sqlite3BeginTransaction(Parse*, int);
3738 void sqlite3CommitTransaction(Parse*);
3739 void sqlite3RollbackTransaction(Parse*);
3740 void sqlite3Savepoint(Parse*, int, Token*);
3741 void sqlite3CloseSavepoints(sqlite3 *);
3742 void sqlite3LeaveMutexAndCloseZombie(sqlite3*);
3743 int sqlite3ExprIsConstant(Expr*);
3744 int sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(Expr*);
3745 int sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrFunction(Expr*, u8);
3746 int sqlite3ExprIsTableConstant(Expr*,int);
3747 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CURSOR_HINTS
3748 int sqlite3ExprContainsSubquery(Expr*);
3749 #endif
3750 int sqlite3ExprIsInteger(Expr*, int*);
3751 int sqlite3ExprCanBeNull(const Expr*);
3752 int sqlite3ExprNeedsNoAffinityChange(const Expr*, char);
3753 int sqlite3IsRowid(const char*);
3754 void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
3755     Parse*,Table*,Trigger*,int,int,int,i16,u8,u8,u8,int);
3756 void sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int*, int);
3757 int sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(Parse*, Index*, int, int, int, int*,Index*,int);
3758 void sqlite3ResolvePartIdxLabel(Parse*,int);
3759 void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(Parse*,Table*,int*,int,int,int,int,
3760                                      u8,u8,int,int*,int*);
3761 void sqlite3CompleteInsertion(Parse*,Table*,int,int,int,int*,int,int,int);
3762 int sqlite3OpenTableAndIndices(Parse*, Table*, int, u8, int, u8*, int*, int*);
3763 void sqlite3BeginWriteOperation(Parse*, int, int);
3764 void sqlite3MultiWrite(Parse*);
3765 void sqlite3MayAbort(Parse*);
3766 void sqlite3HaltConstraint(Parse*, int, int, char*, i8, u8);
3767 void sqlite3UniqueConstraint(Parse*, int, Index*);
3768 void sqlite3RowidConstraint(Parse*, int, Table*);
3769 Expr *sqlite3ExprDup(sqlite3*,Expr*,int);
3770 ExprList *sqlite3ExprListDup(sqlite3*,ExprList*,int);
3771 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListDup(sqlite3*,SrcList*,int);
3772 IdList *sqlite3IdListDup(sqlite3*,IdList*);
3773 Select *sqlite3SelectDup(sqlite3*,Select*,int);
3774 #if SELECTTRACE_ENABLED
3775 void sqlite3SelectSetName(Select*,const char*);
3776 #else
3777 # define sqlite3SelectSetName(A,B)
3778 #endif
3779 void sqlite3InsertBuiltinFuncs(FuncDef*,int);
3780 FuncDef *sqlite3FindFunction(sqlite3*,const char*,int,u8,u8);
3781 void sqlite3RegisterBuiltinFunctions(void);
3782 void sqlite3RegisterDateTimeFunctions(void);
3783 void sqlite3RegisterPerConnectionBuiltinFunctions(sqlite3*);
3784 int sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(sqlite3*);
3785 int sqlite3SafetyCheckSickOrOk(sqlite3*);
3786 void sqlite3ChangeCookie(Parse*, int);
3787 
3788 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
3789 void sqlite3MaterializeView(Parse*, Table*, Expr*, int);
3790 #endif
3791 
3792 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
3793   void sqlite3BeginTrigger(Parse*, Token*,Token*,int,int,IdList*,SrcList*,
3794                            Expr*,int, int);
3795   void sqlite3FinishTrigger(Parse*, TriggerStep*, Token*);
3796   void sqlite3DropTrigger(Parse*, SrcList*, int);
3797   void sqlite3DropTriggerPtr(Parse*, Trigger*);
3798   Trigger *sqlite3TriggersExist(Parse *, Table*, int, ExprList*, int *pMask);
3799   Trigger *sqlite3TriggerList(Parse *, Table *);
3800   void sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(Parse*, Trigger *, int, ExprList*, int, Table *,
3801                             int, int, int);
3802   void sqlite3CodeRowTriggerDirect(Parse *, Trigger *, Table *, int, int, int);
3803   void sqliteViewTriggers(Parse*, Table*, Expr*, int, ExprList*);
3804   void sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep(sqlite3*, TriggerStep*);
3805   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerSelectStep(sqlite3*,Select*);
3806   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(sqlite3*,Token*, IdList*,
3807                                         Select*,u8);
3808   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerUpdateStep(sqlite3*,Token*,ExprList*, Expr*, u8);
3809   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerDeleteStep(sqlite3*,Token*, Expr*);
3810   void sqlite3DeleteTrigger(sqlite3*, Trigger*);
3811   void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTrigger(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
3812   u32 sqlite3TriggerColmask(Parse*,Trigger*,ExprList*,int,int,Table*,int);
3813 # define sqlite3ParseToplevel(p) ((p)->pToplevel ? (p)->pToplevel : (p))
3814 # define sqlite3IsToplevel(p) ((p)->pToplevel==0)
3815 #else
3816 # define sqlite3TriggersExist(B,C,D,E,F) 0
3817 # define sqlite3DeleteTrigger(A,B)
3818 # define sqlite3DropTriggerPtr(A,B)
3819 # define sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTrigger(A,B,C)
3820 # define sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I)
3821 # define sqlite3CodeRowTriggerDirect(A,B,C,D,E,F)
3822 # define sqlite3TriggerList(X, Y) 0
3823 # define sqlite3ParseToplevel(p) p
3824 # define sqlite3IsToplevel(p) 1
3825 # define sqlite3TriggerColmask(A,B,C,D,E,F,G) 0
3826 #endif
3827 
3828 int sqlite3JoinType(Parse*, Token*, Token*, Token*);
3829 void sqlite3CreateForeignKey(Parse*, ExprList*, Token*, ExprList*, int);
3830 void sqlite3DeferForeignKey(Parse*, int);
3831 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
3832   void sqlite3AuthRead(Parse*,Expr*,Schema*,SrcList*);
3833   int sqlite3AuthCheck(Parse*,int, const char*, const char*, const char*);
3834   void sqlite3AuthContextPush(Parse*, AuthContext*, const char*);
3835   void sqlite3AuthContextPop(AuthContext*);
3836   int sqlite3AuthReadCol(Parse*, const char *, const char *, int);
3837 #else
3838 # define sqlite3AuthRead(a,b,c,d)
3839 # define sqlite3AuthCheck(a,b,c,d,e)    SQLITE_OK
3840 # define sqlite3AuthContextPush(a,b,c)
3841 # define sqlite3AuthContextPop(a)  ((void)(a))
3842 #endif
3843 void sqlite3Attach(Parse*, Expr*, Expr*, Expr*);
3844 void sqlite3Detach(Parse*, Expr*);
3845 void sqlite3FixInit(DbFixer*, Parse*, int, const char*, const Token*);
3846 int sqlite3FixSrcList(DbFixer*, SrcList*);
3847 int sqlite3FixSelect(DbFixer*, Select*);
3848 int sqlite3FixExpr(DbFixer*, Expr*);
3849 int sqlite3FixExprList(DbFixer*, ExprList*);
3850 int sqlite3FixTriggerStep(DbFixer*, TriggerStep*);
3851 int sqlite3AtoF(const char *z, double*, int, u8);
3852 int sqlite3GetInt32(const char *, int*);
3853 int sqlite3Atoi(const char*);
3854 int sqlite3Utf16ByteLen(const void *pData, int nChar);
3855 int sqlite3Utf8CharLen(const char *pData, int nByte);
3856 u32 sqlite3Utf8Read(const u8**);
3857 LogEst sqlite3LogEst(u64);
3858 LogEst sqlite3LogEstAdd(LogEst,LogEst);
3859 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
3860 LogEst sqlite3LogEstFromDouble(double);
3861 #endif
3862 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS) || \
3863     defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4) || \
3864     defined(SQLITE_EXPLAIN_ESTIMATED_ROWS)
3865 u64 sqlite3LogEstToInt(LogEst);
3866 #endif
3867 
3868 /*
3869 ** Routines to read and write variable-length integers.  These used to
3870 ** be defined locally, but now we use the varint routines in the util.c
3871 ** file.
3872 */
3873 int sqlite3PutVarint(unsigned char*, u64);
3874 u8 sqlite3GetVarint(const unsigned char *, u64 *);
3875 u8 sqlite3GetVarint32(const unsigned char *, u32 *);
3876 int sqlite3VarintLen(u64 v);
3877 
3878 /*
3879 ** The common case is for a varint to be a single byte.  They following
3880 ** macros handle the common case without a procedure call, but then call
3881 ** the procedure for larger varints.
3882 */
3883 #define getVarint32(A,B)  \
3884   (u8)((*(A)<(u8)0x80)?((B)=(u32)*(A)),1:sqlite3GetVarint32((A),(u32 *)&(B)))
3885 #define putVarint32(A,B)  \
3886   (u8)(((u32)(B)<(u32)0x80)?(*(A)=(unsigned char)(B)),1:\
3887   sqlite3PutVarint((A),(B)))
3888 #define getVarint    sqlite3GetVarint
3889 #define putVarint    sqlite3PutVarint
3890 
3891 
3892 const char *sqlite3IndexAffinityStr(sqlite3*, Index*);
3893 void sqlite3TableAffinity(Vdbe*, Table*, int);
3894 char sqlite3CompareAffinity(Expr *pExpr, char aff2);
3895 int sqlite3IndexAffinityOk(Expr *pExpr, char idx_affinity);
3896 char sqlite3TableColumnAffinity(Table*,int);
3897 char sqlite3ExprAffinity(Expr *pExpr);
3898 int sqlite3Atoi64(const char*, i64*, int, u8);
3899 int sqlite3DecOrHexToI64(const char*, i64*);
3900 void sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(sqlite3*, int, const char*,...);
3901 void sqlite3Error(sqlite3*,int);
3902 void sqlite3SystemError(sqlite3*,int);
3903 void *sqlite3HexToBlob(sqlite3*, const char *z, int n);
3904 u8 sqlite3HexToInt(int h);
3905 int sqlite3TwoPartName(Parse *, Token *, Token *, Token **);
3906 
3907 #if defined(SQLITE_NEED_ERR_NAME)
3908 const char *sqlite3ErrName(int);
3909 #endif
3910 
3911 const char *sqlite3ErrStr(int);
3912 int sqlite3ReadSchema(Parse *pParse);
3913 CollSeq *sqlite3FindCollSeq(sqlite3*,u8 enc, const char*,int);
3914 CollSeq *sqlite3LocateCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const char*zName);
3915 CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr);
3916 Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateToken(Parse *pParse, Expr*, const Token*, int);
3917 Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(Parse*,Expr*,const char*);
3918 Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(Expr*);
3919 int sqlite3CheckCollSeq(Parse *, CollSeq *);
3920 int sqlite3CheckObjectName(Parse *, const char *);
3921 void sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(sqlite3 *, int);
3922 int sqlite3AddInt64(i64*,i64);
3923 int sqlite3SubInt64(i64*,i64);
3924 int sqlite3MulInt64(i64*,i64);
3925 int sqlite3AbsInt32(int);
3926 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES
3927 void sqlite3FileSuffix3(const char*, char*);
3928 #else
3929 # define sqlite3FileSuffix3(X,Y)
3930 #endif
3931 u8 sqlite3GetBoolean(const char *z,u8);
3932 
3933 const void *sqlite3ValueText(sqlite3_value*, u8);
3934 int sqlite3ValueBytes(sqlite3_value*, u8);
3935 void sqlite3ValueSetStr(sqlite3_value*, int, const void *,u8,
3936                         void(*)(void*));
3937 void sqlite3ValueSetNull(sqlite3_value*);
3938 void sqlite3ValueFree(sqlite3_value*);
3939 sqlite3_value *sqlite3ValueNew(sqlite3 *);
3940 char *sqlite3Utf16to8(sqlite3 *, const void*, int, u8);
3941 int sqlite3ValueFromExpr(sqlite3 *, Expr *, u8, u8, sqlite3_value **);
3942 void sqlite3ValueApplyAffinity(sqlite3_value *, u8, u8);
3943 #ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
3944 extern const unsigned char sqlite3OpcodeProperty[];
3945 extern const char sqlite3StrBINARY[];
3946 extern const unsigned char sqlite3UpperToLower[];
3947 extern const unsigned char sqlite3CtypeMap[];
3948 extern const Token sqlite3IntTokens[];
3949 extern SQLITE_WSD struct Sqlite3Config sqlite3Config;
3950 extern FuncDefHash sqlite3BuiltinFunctions;
3951 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
3952 extern int sqlite3PendingByte;
3953 #endif
3954 #endif
3955 void sqlite3RootPageMoved(sqlite3*, int, int, int);
3956 void sqlite3Reindex(Parse*, Token*, Token*);
3957 void sqlite3AlterFunctions(void);
3958 void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*);
3959 int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *, int *);
3960 void sqlite3NestedParse(Parse*, const char*, ...);
3961 void sqlite3ExpirePreparedStatements(sqlite3*);
3962 int sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse*, Expr *, int, int);
3963 void sqlite3SelectPrep(Parse*, Select*, NameContext*);
3964 void sqlite3SelectWrongNumTermsError(Parse *pParse, Select *p);
3965 int sqlite3MatchSpanName(const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*);
3966 int sqlite3ResolveExprNames(NameContext*, Expr*);
3967 int sqlite3ResolveExprListNames(NameContext*, ExprList*);
3968 void sqlite3ResolveSelectNames(Parse*, Select*, NameContext*);
3969 void sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(Parse*,Table*,int,Expr*,ExprList*);
3970 int sqlite3ResolveOrderGroupBy(Parse*, Select*, ExprList*, const char*);
3971 void sqlite3ColumnDefault(Vdbe *, Table *, int, int);
3972 void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *, Token *);
3973 void sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(Parse *, SrcList *);
3974 CollSeq *sqlite3GetCollSeq(Parse*, u8, CollSeq *, const char*);
3975 char sqlite3AffinityType(const char*, u8*);
3976 void sqlite3Analyze(Parse*, Token*, Token*);
3977 int sqlite3InvokeBusyHandler(BusyHandler*);
3978 int sqlite3FindDb(sqlite3*, Token*);
3979 int sqlite3FindDbName(sqlite3 *, const char *);
3980 int sqlite3AnalysisLoad(sqlite3*,int iDB);
3981 void sqlite3DeleteIndexSamples(sqlite3*,Index*);
3982 void sqlite3DefaultRowEst(Index*);
3983 void sqlite3RegisterLikeFunctions(sqlite3*, int);
3984 int sqlite3IsLikeFunction(sqlite3*,Expr*,int*,char*);
3985 void sqlite3SchemaClear(void *);
3986 Schema *sqlite3SchemaGet(sqlite3 *, Btree *);
3987 int sqlite3SchemaToIndex(sqlite3 *db, Schema *);
3988 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(sqlite3*,int,int);
3989 void sqlite3KeyInfoUnref(KeyInfo*);
3990 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoRef(KeyInfo*);
3991 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoOfIndex(Parse*, Index*);
3992 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3993 int sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(KeyInfo*);
3994 #endif
3995 int sqlite3CreateFunc(sqlite3 *, const char *, int, int, void *,
3996   void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
3997   void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **), void (*)(sqlite3_context*),
3998   FuncDestructor *pDestructor
3999 );
4000 void sqlite3OomFault(sqlite3*);
4001 void sqlite3OomClear(sqlite3*);
4002 int sqlite3ApiExit(sqlite3 *db, int);
4003 int sqlite3OpenTempDatabase(Parse *);
4004 
4005 void sqlite3StrAccumInit(StrAccum*, sqlite3*, char*, int, int);
4006 void sqlite3StrAccumAppend(StrAccum*,const char*,int);
4007 void sqlite3StrAccumAppendAll(StrAccum*,const char*);
4008 void sqlite3AppendChar(StrAccum*,int,char);
4009 char *sqlite3StrAccumFinish(StrAccum*);
4010 void sqlite3StrAccumReset(StrAccum*);
4011 void sqlite3SelectDestInit(SelectDest*,int,int);
4012 Expr *sqlite3CreateColumnExpr(sqlite3 *, SrcList *, int, int);
4013 
4014 void sqlite3BackupRestart(sqlite3_backup *);
4015 void sqlite3BackupUpdate(sqlite3_backup *, Pgno, const u8 *);
4016 
4017 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
4018 int sqlite3ExprCheckIN(Parse*, Expr*);
4019 #else
4020 # define sqlite3ExprCheckIN(x,y) SQLITE_OK
4021 #endif
4022 
4023 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
4024 void sqlite3AnalyzeFunctions(void);
4025 int sqlite3Stat4ProbeSetValue(
4026     Parse*,Index*,UnpackedRecord**,Expr*,int,int,int*);
4027 int sqlite3Stat4ValueFromExpr(Parse*, Expr*, u8, sqlite3_value**);
4028 void sqlite3Stat4ProbeFree(UnpackedRecord*);
4029 int sqlite3Stat4Column(sqlite3*, const void*, int, int, sqlite3_value**);
4030 char sqlite3IndexColumnAffinity(sqlite3*, Index*, int);
4031 #endif
4032 
4033 /*
4034 ** The interface to the LEMON-generated parser
4035 */
4036 void *sqlite3ParserAlloc(void*(*)(u64));
4037 void sqlite3ParserFree(void*, void(*)(void*));
4038 void sqlite3Parser(void*, int, Token, Parse*);
4039 #ifdef YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH
4040   int sqlite3ParserStackPeak(void*);
4041 #endif
4042 
4043 void sqlite3AutoLoadExtensions(sqlite3*);
4044 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
4045   void sqlite3CloseExtensions(sqlite3*);
4046 #else
4047 # define sqlite3CloseExtensions(X)
4048 #endif
4049 
4050 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
4051   void sqlite3TableLock(Parse *, int, int, u8, const char *);
4052 #else
4053   #define sqlite3TableLock(v,w,x,y,z)
4054 #endif
4055 
4056 #ifdef SQLITE_TEST
4057   int sqlite3Utf8To8(unsigned char*);
4058 #endif
4059 
4060 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
4061 #  define sqlite3VtabClear(Y)
4062 #  define sqlite3VtabSync(X,Y) SQLITE_OK
4063 #  define sqlite3VtabRollback(X)
4064 #  define sqlite3VtabCommit(X)
4065 #  define sqlite3VtabInSync(db) 0
4066 #  define sqlite3VtabLock(X)
4067 #  define sqlite3VtabUnlock(X)
4068 #  define sqlite3VtabUnlockList(X)
4069 #  define sqlite3VtabSavepoint(X, Y, Z) SQLITE_OK
4070 #  define sqlite3GetVTable(X,Y)  ((VTable*)0)
4071 #else
4072    void sqlite3VtabClear(sqlite3 *db, Table*);
4073    void sqlite3VtabDisconnect(sqlite3 *db, Table *p);
4074    int sqlite3VtabSync(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe*);
4075    int sqlite3VtabRollback(sqlite3 *db);
4076    int sqlite3VtabCommit(sqlite3 *db);
4077    void sqlite3VtabLock(VTable *);
4078    void sqlite3VtabUnlock(VTable *);
4079    void sqlite3VtabUnlockList(sqlite3*);
4080    int sqlite3VtabSavepoint(sqlite3 *, int, int);
4081    void sqlite3VtabImportErrmsg(Vdbe*, sqlite3_vtab*);
4082    VTable *sqlite3GetVTable(sqlite3*, Table*);
4083 #  define sqlite3VtabInSync(db) ((db)->nVTrans>0 && (db)->aVTrans==0)
4084 #endif
4085 int sqlite3VtabEponymousTableInit(Parse*,Module*);
4086 void sqlite3VtabEponymousTableClear(sqlite3*,Module*);
4087 void sqlite3VtabMakeWritable(Parse*,Table*);
4088 void sqlite3VtabBeginParse(Parse*, Token*, Token*, Token*, int);
4089 void sqlite3VtabFinishParse(Parse*, Token*);
4090 void sqlite3VtabArgInit(Parse*);
4091 void sqlite3VtabArgExtend(Parse*, Token*);
4092 int sqlite3VtabCallCreate(sqlite3*, int, const char *, char **);
4093 int sqlite3VtabCallConnect(Parse*, Table*);
4094 int sqlite3VtabCallDestroy(sqlite3*, int, const char *);
4095 int sqlite3VtabBegin(sqlite3 *, VTable *);
4096 FuncDef *sqlite3VtabOverloadFunction(sqlite3 *,FuncDef*, int nArg, Expr*);
4097 void sqlite3InvalidFunction(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
4098 sqlite3_int64 sqlite3StmtCurrentTime(sqlite3_context*);
4099 int sqlite3VdbeParameterIndex(Vdbe*, const char*, int);
4100 int sqlite3TransferBindings(sqlite3_stmt *, sqlite3_stmt *);
4101 void sqlite3ParserReset(Parse*);
4102 int sqlite3Reprepare(Vdbe*);
4103 void sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(Parse*, ExprList*, const char*);
4104 CollSeq *sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(Parse *, Expr *, Expr *);
4105 int sqlite3TempInMemory(const sqlite3*);
4106 const char *sqlite3JournalModename(int);
4107 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
4108   int sqlite3Checkpoint(sqlite3*, int, int, int*, int*);
4109   int sqlite3WalDefaultHook(void*,sqlite3*,const char*,int);
4110 #endif
4111 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CTE
4112   With *sqlite3WithAdd(Parse*,With*,Token*,ExprList*,Select*);
4113   void sqlite3WithDelete(sqlite3*,With*);
4114   void sqlite3WithPush(Parse*, With*, u8);
4115 #else
4116 #define sqlite3WithPush(x,y,z)
4117 #define sqlite3WithDelete(x,y)
4118 #endif
4119 
4120 /* Declarations for functions in fkey.c. All of these are replaced by
4121 ** no-op macros if OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY is defined. In this case no foreign
4122 ** key functionality is available. If OMIT_TRIGGER is defined but
4123 ** OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY is not, only some of the functions are no-oped. In
4124 ** this case foreign keys are parsed, but no other functionality is
4125 ** provided (enforcement of FK constraints requires the triggers sub-system).
4126 */
4127 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
4128   void sqlite3FkCheck(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int*, int);
4129   void sqlite3FkDropTable(Parse*, SrcList *, Table*);
4130   void sqlite3FkActions(Parse*, Table*, ExprList*, int, int*, int);
4131   int sqlite3FkRequired(Parse*, Table*, int*, int);
4132   u32 sqlite3FkOldmask(Parse*, Table*);
4133   FKey *sqlite3FkReferences(Table *);
4134 #else
4135   #define sqlite3FkActions(a,b,c,d,e,f)
4136   #define sqlite3FkCheck(a,b,c,d,e,f)
4137   #define sqlite3FkDropTable(a,b,c)
4138   #define sqlite3FkOldmask(a,b)         0
4139   #define sqlite3FkRequired(a,b,c,d)    0
4140 #endif
4141 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
4142   void sqlite3FkDelete(sqlite3 *, Table*);
4143   int sqlite3FkLocateIndex(Parse*,Table*,FKey*,Index**,int**);
4144 #else
4145   #define sqlite3FkDelete(a,b)
4146   #define sqlite3FkLocateIndex(a,b,c,d,e)
4147 #endif
4148 
4149 
4150 /*
4151 ** Available fault injectors.  Should be numbered beginning with 0.
4152 */
4153 #define SQLITE_FAULTINJECTOR_MALLOC     0
4154 #define SQLITE_FAULTINJECTOR_COUNT      1
4155 
4156 /*
4157 ** The interface to the code in fault.c used for identifying "benign"
4158 ** malloc failures. This is only present if SQLITE_OMIT_BUILTIN_TEST
4159 ** is not defined.
4160 */
4161 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BUILTIN_TEST
4162   void sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc(void);
4163   void sqlite3EndBenignMalloc(void);
4164 #else
4165   #define sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc()
4166   #define sqlite3EndBenignMalloc()
4167 #endif
4168 
4169 /*
4170 ** Allowed return values from sqlite3FindInIndex()
4171 */
4172 #define IN_INDEX_ROWID        1   /* Search the rowid of the table */
4173 #define IN_INDEX_EPH          2   /* Search an ephemeral b-tree */
4174 #define IN_INDEX_INDEX_ASC    3   /* Existing index ASCENDING */
4175 #define IN_INDEX_INDEX_DESC   4   /* Existing index DESCENDING */
4176 #define IN_INDEX_NOOP         5   /* No table available. Use comparisons */
4177 /*
4178 ** Allowed flags for the 3rd parameter to sqlite3FindInIndex().
4179 */
4180 #define IN_INDEX_NOOP_OK     0x0001  /* OK to return IN_INDEX_NOOP */
4181 #define IN_INDEX_MEMBERSHIP  0x0002  /* IN operator used for membership test */
4182 #define IN_INDEX_LOOP        0x0004  /* IN operator used as a loop */
4183 int sqlite3FindInIndex(Parse *, Expr *, u32, int*, int*);
4184 
4185 int sqlite3JournalOpen(sqlite3_vfs *, const char *, sqlite3_file *, int, int);
4186 int sqlite3JournalSize(sqlite3_vfs *);
4187 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE
4188   int sqlite3JournalCreate(sqlite3_file *);
4189 #endif
4190 
4191 int sqlite3JournalIsInMemory(sqlite3_file *p);
4192 void sqlite3MemJournalOpen(sqlite3_file *);
4193 
4194 void sqlite3ExprSetHeightAndFlags(Parse *pParse, Expr *p);
4195 #if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
4196   int sqlite3SelectExprHeight(Select *);
4197   int sqlite3ExprCheckHeight(Parse*, int);
4198 #else
4199   #define sqlite3SelectExprHeight(x) 0
4200   #define sqlite3ExprCheckHeight(x,y)
4201 #endif
4202 
4203 u32 sqlite3Get4byte(const u8*);
4204 void sqlite3Put4byte(u8*, u32);
4205 
4206 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY
4207   void sqlite3ConnectionBlocked(sqlite3 *, sqlite3 *);
4208   void sqlite3ConnectionUnlocked(sqlite3 *db);
4209   void sqlite3ConnectionClosed(sqlite3 *db);
4210 #else
4211   #define sqlite3ConnectionBlocked(x,y)
4212   #define sqlite3ConnectionUnlocked(x)
4213   #define sqlite3ConnectionClosed(x)
4214 #endif
4215 
4216 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
4217   void sqlite3ParserTrace(FILE*, char *);
4218 #endif
4219 
4220 /*
4221 ** If the SQLITE_ENABLE IOTRACE exists then the global variable
4222 ** sqlite3IoTrace is a pointer to a printf-like routine used to
4223 ** print I/O tracing messages.
4224 */
4225 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
4226 # define IOTRACE(A)  if( sqlite3IoTrace ){ sqlite3IoTrace A; }
4227   void sqlite3VdbeIOTraceSql(Vdbe*);
4228 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN void (SQLITE_CDECL *sqlite3IoTrace)(const char*,...);
4229 #else
4230 # define IOTRACE(A)
4231 # define sqlite3VdbeIOTraceSql(X)
4232 #endif
4233 
4234 /*
4235 ** These routines are available for the mem2.c debugging memory allocator
4236 ** only.  They are used to verify that different "types" of memory
4237 ** allocations are properly tracked by the system.
4238 **
4239 ** sqlite3MemdebugSetType() sets the "type" of an allocation to one of
4240 ** the MEMTYPE_* macros defined below.  The type must be a bitmask with
4241 ** a single bit set.
4242 **
4243 ** sqlite3MemdebugHasType() returns true if any of the bits in its second
4244 ** argument match the type set by the previous sqlite3MemdebugSetType().
4245 ** sqlite3MemdebugHasType() is intended for use inside assert() statements.
4246 **
4247 ** sqlite3MemdebugNoType() returns true if none of the bits in its second
4248 ** argument match the type set by the previous sqlite3MemdebugSetType().
4249 **
4250 ** Perhaps the most important point is the difference between MEMTYPE_HEAP
4251 ** and MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE.  If an allocation is MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE, that means
4252 ** it might have been allocated by lookaside, except the allocation was
4253 ** too large or lookaside was already full.  It is important to verify
4254 ** that allocations that might have been satisfied by lookaside are not
4255 ** passed back to non-lookaside free() routines.  Asserts such as the
4256 ** example above are placed on the non-lookaside free() routines to verify
4257 ** this constraint.
4258 **
4259 ** All of this is no-op for a production build.  It only comes into
4260 ** play when the SQLITE_MEMDEBUG compile-time option is used.
4261 */
4262 #ifdef SQLITE_MEMDEBUG
4263   void sqlite3MemdebugSetType(void*,u8);
4264   int sqlite3MemdebugHasType(void*,u8);
4265   int sqlite3MemdebugNoType(void*,u8);
4266 #else
4267 # define sqlite3MemdebugSetType(X,Y)  /* no-op */
4268 # define sqlite3MemdebugHasType(X,Y)  1
4269 # define sqlite3MemdebugNoType(X,Y)   1
4270 #endif
4271 #define MEMTYPE_HEAP       0x01  /* General heap allocations */
4272 #define MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE  0x02  /* Heap that might have been lookaside */
4273 #define MEMTYPE_SCRATCH    0x04  /* Scratch allocations */
4274 #define MEMTYPE_PCACHE     0x08  /* Page cache allocations */
4275 
4276 /*
4277 ** Threading interface
4278 */
4279 #if SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS>0
4280 int sqlite3ThreadCreate(SQLiteThread**,void*(*)(void*),void*);
4281 int sqlite3ThreadJoin(SQLiteThread*, void**);
4282 #endif
4283 
4284 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
4285 int sqlite3DbstatRegister(sqlite3*);
4286 #endif
4287 
4288 int sqlite3ExprVectorSize(Expr *pExpr);
4289 int sqlite3ExprIsVector(Expr *pExpr);
4290 Expr *sqlite3VectorFieldSubexpr(Expr*, int);
4291 Expr *sqlite3ExprForVectorField(Parse*,Expr*,int);
4292 
4293 #endif /* SQLITEINT_H */
4294