xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqliteInt.h (revision 7894b854)
1 /*
2 ** 2001 September 15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
13 **
14 */
15 #ifndef SQLITEINT_H
16 #define SQLITEINT_H
17 
18 /* Special Comments:
19 **
20 ** Some comments have special meaning to the tools that measure test
21 ** coverage:
22 **
23 **    NO_TEST                     - The branches on this line are not
24 **                                  measured by branch coverage.  This is
25 **                                  used on lines of code that actually
26 **                                  implement parts of coverage testing.
27 **
28 **    OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE        - This branch is allowed to alway be false
29 **                                  and the correct answer is still obtained,
30 **                                  though perhaps more slowly.
31 **
32 **    OPTIMIZATION-IF-FALSE       - This branch is allowed to alway be true
33 **                                  and the correct answer is still obtained,
34 **                                  though perhaps more slowly.
35 **
36 **    PREVENTS-HARMLESS-OVERREAD  - This branch prevents a buffer overread
37 **                                  that would be harmless and undetectable
38 **                                  if it did occur.
39 **
40 ** In all cases, the special comment must be enclosed in the usual
41 ** slash-asterisk...asterisk-slash comment marks, with no spaces between the
42 ** asterisks and the comment text.
43 */
44 
45 /*
46 ** Make sure the Tcl calling convention macro is defined.  This macro is
47 ** only used by test code and Tcl integration code.
48 */
49 #ifndef SQLITE_TCLAPI
50 #  define SQLITE_TCLAPI
51 #endif
52 
53 /*
54 ** Include the header file used to customize the compiler options for MSVC.
55 ** This should be done first so that it can successfully prevent spurious
56 ** compiler warnings due to subsequent content in this file and other files
57 ** that are included by this file.
58 */
59 #include "msvc.h"
60 
61 /*
62 ** Special setup for VxWorks
63 */
64 #include "vxworks.h"
65 
66 /*
67 ** These #defines should enable >2GB file support on POSIX if the
68 ** underlying operating system supports it.  If the OS lacks
69 ** large file support, or if the OS is windows, these should be no-ops.
70 **
71 ** Ticket #2739:  The _LARGEFILE_SOURCE macro must appear before any
72 ** system #includes.  Hence, this block of code must be the very first
73 ** code in all source files.
74 **
75 ** Large file support can be disabled using the -DSQLITE_DISABLE_LFS switch
76 ** on the compiler command line.  This is necessary if you are compiling
77 ** on a recent machine (ex: Red Hat 7.2) but you want your code to work
78 ** on an older machine (ex: Red Hat 6.0).  If you compile on Red Hat 7.2
79 ** without this option, LFS is enable.  But LFS does not exist in the kernel
80 ** in Red Hat 6.0, so the code won't work.  Hence, for maximum binary
81 ** portability you should omit LFS.
82 **
83 ** The previous paragraph was written in 2005.  (This paragraph is written
84 ** on 2008-11-28.) These days, all Linux kernels support large files, so
85 ** you should probably leave LFS enabled.  But some embedded platforms might
86 ** lack LFS in which case the SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS macro might still be useful.
87 **
88 ** Similar is true for Mac OS X.  LFS is only supported on Mac OS X 9 and later.
89 */
90 #ifndef SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS
91 # define _LARGE_FILE       1
92 # ifndef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS
93 #   define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
94 # endif
95 # define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
96 #endif
97 
98 /* The GCC_VERSION and MSVC_VERSION macros are used to
99 ** conditionally include optimizations for each of these compilers.  A
100 ** value of 0 means that compiler is not being used.  The
101 ** SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC macro means do not use any compiler-specific
102 ** optimizations, and hence set all compiler macros to 0
103 **
104 ** There was once also a CLANG_VERSION macro.  However, we learn that the
105 ** version numbers in clang are for "marketing" only and are inconsistent
106 ** and unreliable.  Fortunately, all versions of clang also recognize the
107 ** gcc version numbers and have reasonable settings for gcc version numbers,
108 ** so the GCC_VERSION macro will be set to a correct non-zero value even
109 ** when compiling with clang.
110 */
111 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC)
112 # define GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__*1000000+__GNUC_MINOR__*1000+__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
113 #else
114 # define GCC_VERSION 0
115 #endif
116 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC)
117 # define MSVC_VERSION _MSC_VER
118 #else
119 # define MSVC_VERSION 0
120 #endif
121 
122 /* Needed for various definitions... */
123 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
124 # define _GNU_SOURCE
125 #endif
126 
127 #if defined(__OpenBSD__) && !defined(_BSD_SOURCE)
128 # define _BSD_SOURCE
129 #endif
130 
131 /*
132 ** For MinGW, check to see if we can include the header file containing its
133 ** version information, among other things.  Normally, this internal MinGW
134 ** header file would [only] be included automatically by other MinGW header
135 ** files; however, the contained version information is now required by this
136 ** header file to work around binary compatibility issues (see below) and
137 ** this is the only known way to reliably obtain it.  This entire #if block
138 ** would be completely unnecessary if there was any other way of detecting
139 ** MinGW via their preprocessor (e.g. if they customized their GCC to define
140 ** some MinGW-specific macros).  When compiling for MinGW, either the
141 ** _HAVE_MINGW_H or _HAVE__MINGW_H (note the extra underscore) macro must be
142 ** defined; otherwise, detection of conditions specific to MinGW will be
143 ** disabled.
144 */
145 #if defined(_HAVE_MINGW_H)
146 # include "mingw.h"
147 #elif defined(_HAVE__MINGW_H)
148 # include "_mingw.h"
149 #endif
150 
151 /*
152 ** For MinGW version 4.x (and higher), check to see if the _USE_32BIT_TIME_T
153 ** define is required to maintain binary compatibility with the MSVC runtime
154 ** library in use (e.g. for Windows XP).
155 */
156 #if !defined(_USE_32BIT_TIME_T) && !defined(_USE_64BIT_TIME_T) && \
157     defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN64) && \
158     defined(__MINGW_MAJOR_VERSION) && __MINGW_MAJOR_VERSION >= 4 && \
159     defined(__MSVCRT__)
160 # define _USE_32BIT_TIME_T
161 #endif
162 
163 /* The public SQLite interface.  The _FILE_OFFSET_BITS macro must appear
164 ** first in QNX.  Also, the _USE_32BIT_TIME_T macro must appear first for
165 ** MinGW.
166 */
167 #include "sqlite3.h"
168 
169 /*
170 ** Include the configuration header output by 'configure' if we're using the
171 ** autoconf-based build
172 */
173 #if defined(_HAVE_SQLITE_CONFIG_H) && !defined(SQLITECONFIG_H)
174 #include "config.h"
175 #define SQLITECONFIG_H 1
176 #endif
177 
178 #include "sqliteLimit.h"
179 
180 /* Disable nuisance warnings on Borland compilers */
181 #if defined(__BORLANDC__)
182 #pragma warn -rch /* unreachable code */
183 #pragma warn -ccc /* Condition is always true or false */
184 #pragma warn -aus /* Assigned value is never used */
185 #pragma warn -csu /* Comparing signed and unsigned */
186 #pragma warn -spa /* Suspicious pointer arithmetic */
187 #endif
188 
189 /*
190 ** Include standard header files as necessary
191 */
192 #ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
193 #include <stdint.h>
194 #endif
195 #ifdef HAVE_INTTYPES_H
196 #include <inttypes.h>
197 #endif
198 
199 /*
200 ** The following macros are used to cast pointers to integers and
201 ** integers to pointers.  The way you do this varies from one compiler
202 ** to the next, so we have developed the following set of #if statements
203 ** to generate appropriate macros for a wide range of compilers.
204 **
205 ** The correct "ANSI" way to do this is to use the intptr_t type.
206 ** Unfortunately, that typedef is not available on all compilers, or
207 ** if it is available, it requires an #include of specific headers
208 ** that vary from one machine to the next.
209 **
210 ** Ticket #3860:  The llvm-gcc-4.2 compiler from Apple chokes on
211 ** the ((void*)&((char*)0)[X]) construct.  But MSVC chokes on ((void*)(X)).
212 ** So we have to define the macros in different ways depending on the
213 ** compiler.
214 */
215 #if defined(__PTRDIFF_TYPE__)  /* This case should work for GCC */
216 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)(__PTRDIFF_TYPE__)(X))
217 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(__PTRDIFF_TYPE__)(X))
218 #elif !defined(__GNUC__)       /* Works for compilers other than LLVM */
219 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)&((char*)0)[X])
220 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(((char*)X)-(char*)0))
221 #elif defined(HAVE_STDINT_H)   /* Use this case if we have ANSI headers */
222 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)(intptr_t)(X))
223 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(intptr_t)(X))
224 #else                          /* Generates a warning - but it always works */
225 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)(X))
226 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(X))
227 #endif
228 
229 /*
230 ** A macro to hint to the compiler that a function should not be
231 ** inlined.
232 */
233 #if defined(__GNUC__)
234 #  define SQLITE_NOINLINE  __attribute__((noinline))
235 #elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1310
236 #  define SQLITE_NOINLINE  __declspec(noinline)
237 #else
238 #  define SQLITE_NOINLINE
239 #endif
240 
241 /*
242 ** Make sure that the compiler intrinsics we desire are enabled when
243 ** compiling with an appropriate version of MSVC unless prevented by
244 ** the SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC define.
245 */
246 #if !defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC)
247 #  if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1400
248 #    if !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
249 #      include <intrin.h>
250 #      pragma intrinsic(_byteswap_ushort)
251 #      pragma intrinsic(_byteswap_ulong)
252 #      pragma intrinsic(_byteswap_uint64)
253 #      pragma intrinsic(_ReadWriteBarrier)
254 #    else
255 #      include <cmnintrin.h>
256 #    endif
257 #  endif
258 #endif
259 
260 /*
261 ** The SQLITE_THREADSAFE macro must be defined as 0, 1, or 2.
262 ** 0 means mutexes are permanently disable and the library is never
263 ** threadsafe.  1 means the library is serialized which is the highest
264 ** level of threadsafety.  2 means the library is multithreaded - multiple
265 ** threads can use SQLite as long as no two threads try to use the same
266 ** database connection at the same time.
267 **
268 ** Older versions of SQLite used an optional THREADSAFE macro.
269 ** We support that for legacy.
270 **
271 ** To ensure that the correct value of "THREADSAFE" is reported when querying
272 ** for compile-time options at runtime (e.g. "PRAGMA compile_options"), this
273 ** logic is partially replicated in ctime.c. If it is updated here, it should
274 ** also be updated there.
275 */
276 #if !defined(SQLITE_THREADSAFE)
277 # if defined(THREADSAFE)
278 #   define SQLITE_THREADSAFE THREADSAFE
279 # else
280 #   define SQLITE_THREADSAFE 1 /* IMP: R-07272-22309 */
281 # endif
282 #endif
283 
284 /*
285 ** Powersafe overwrite is on by default.  But can be turned off using
286 ** the -DSQLITE_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE=0 command-line option.
287 */
288 #ifndef SQLITE_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE
289 # define SQLITE_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE 1
290 #endif
291 
292 /*
293 ** EVIDENCE-OF: R-25715-37072 Memory allocation statistics are enabled by
294 ** default unless SQLite is compiled with SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS=0 in
295 ** which case memory allocation statistics are disabled by default.
296 */
297 #if !defined(SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS)
298 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS 1
299 #endif
300 
301 /*
302 ** Exactly one of the following macros must be defined in order to
303 ** specify which memory allocation subsystem to use.
304 **
305 **     SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC          // Use normal system malloc()
306 **     SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC           // Use Win32 native heap API
307 **     SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC            // Use a stub allocator that always fails
308 **     SQLITE_MEMDEBUG               // Debugging version of system malloc()
309 **
310 ** On Windows, if the SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC_VALIDATE macro is defined and the
311 ** assert() macro is enabled, each call into the Win32 native heap subsystem
312 ** will cause HeapValidate to be called.  If heap validation should fail, an
313 ** assertion will be triggered.
314 **
315 ** If none of the above are defined, then set SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC as
316 ** the default.
317 */
318 #if defined(SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC) \
319   + defined(SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC) \
320   + defined(SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC) \
321   + defined(SQLITE_MEMDEBUG)>1
322 # error "Two or more of the following compile-time configuration options\
323  are defined but at most one is allowed:\
324  SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC, SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC, SQLITE_MEMDEBUG,\
325  SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC"
326 #endif
327 #if defined(SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC) \
328   + defined(SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC) \
329   + defined(SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC) \
330   + defined(SQLITE_MEMDEBUG)==0
331 # define SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC 1
332 #endif
333 
334 /*
335 ** If SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT is not zero, then try to keep the
336 ** sizes of memory allocations below this value where possible.
337 */
338 #if !defined(SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT)
339 # define SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT 1024
340 #endif
341 
342 /*
343 ** We need to define _XOPEN_SOURCE as follows in order to enable
344 ** recursive mutexes on most Unix systems and fchmod() on OpenBSD.
345 ** But _XOPEN_SOURCE define causes problems for Mac OS X, so omit
346 ** it.
347 */
348 #if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) && !defined(__DARWIN__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
349 #  define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
350 #endif
351 
352 /*
353 ** NDEBUG and SQLITE_DEBUG are opposites.  It should always be true that
354 ** defined(NDEBUG)==!defined(SQLITE_DEBUG).  If this is not currently true,
355 ** make it true by defining or undefining NDEBUG.
356 **
357 ** Setting NDEBUG makes the code smaller and faster by disabling the
358 ** assert() statements in the code.  So we want the default action
359 ** to be for NDEBUG to be set and NDEBUG to be undefined only if SQLITE_DEBUG
360 ** is set.  Thus NDEBUG becomes an opt-in rather than an opt-out
361 ** feature.
362 */
363 #if !defined(NDEBUG) && !defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
364 # define NDEBUG 1
365 #endif
366 #if defined(NDEBUG) && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
367 # undef NDEBUG
368 #endif
369 
370 /*
371 ** Enable SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS if SQLITE_DEBUG is turned on.
372 */
373 #if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS) && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
374 # define SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS 1
375 #endif
376 
377 /*
378 ** The testcase() macro is used to aid in coverage testing.  When
379 ** doing coverage testing, the condition inside the argument to
380 ** testcase() must be evaluated both true and false in order to
381 ** get full branch coverage.  The testcase() macro is inserted
382 ** to help ensure adequate test coverage in places where simple
383 ** condition/decision coverage is inadequate.  For example, testcase()
384 ** can be used to make sure boundary values are tested.  For
385 ** bitmask tests, testcase() can be used to make sure each bit
386 ** is significant and used at least once.  On switch statements
387 ** where multiple cases go to the same block of code, testcase()
388 ** can insure that all cases are evaluated.
389 **
390 */
391 #ifdef SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST
392   void sqlite3Coverage(int);
393 # define testcase(X)  if( X ){ sqlite3Coverage(__LINE__); }
394 #else
395 # define testcase(X)
396 #endif
397 
398 /*
399 ** The TESTONLY macro is used to enclose variable declarations or
400 ** other bits of code that are needed to support the arguments
401 ** within testcase() and assert() macros.
402 */
403 #if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST)
404 # define TESTONLY(X)  X
405 #else
406 # define TESTONLY(X)
407 #endif
408 
409 /*
410 ** Sometimes we need a small amount of code such as a variable initialization
411 ** to setup for a later assert() statement.  We do not want this code to
412 ** appear when assert() is disabled.  The following macro is therefore
413 ** used to contain that setup code.  The "VVA" acronym stands for
414 ** "Verification, Validation, and Accreditation".  In other words, the
415 ** code within VVA_ONLY() will only run during verification processes.
416 */
417 #ifndef NDEBUG
418 # define VVA_ONLY(X)  X
419 #else
420 # define VVA_ONLY(X)
421 #endif
422 
423 /*
424 ** The ALWAYS and NEVER macros surround boolean expressions which
425 ** are intended to always be true or false, respectively.  Such
426 ** expressions could be omitted from the code completely.  But they
427 ** are included in a few cases in order to enhance the resilience
428 ** of SQLite to unexpected behavior - to make the code "self-healing"
429 ** or "ductile" rather than being "brittle" and crashing at the first
430 ** hint of unplanned behavior.
431 **
432 ** In other words, ALWAYS and NEVER are added for defensive code.
433 **
434 ** When doing coverage testing ALWAYS and NEVER are hard-coded to
435 ** be true and false so that the unreachable code they specify will
436 ** not be counted as untested code.
437 */
438 #if defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_MUTATION_TEST)
439 # define ALWAYS(X)      (1)
440 # define NEVER(X)       (0)
441 #elif !defined(NDEBUG)
442 # define ALWAYS(X)      ((X)?1:(assert(0),0))
443 # define NEVER(X)       ((X)?(assert(0),1):0)
444 #else
445 # define ALWAYS(X)      (X)
446 # define NEVER(X)       (X)
447 #endif
448 
449 /*
450 ** Some conditionals are optimizations only.  In other words, if the
451 ** conditionals are replaced with a constant 1 (true) or 0 (false) then
452 ** the correct answer is still obtained, though perhaps not as quickly.
453 **
454 ** The following macros mark these optimizations conditionals.
455 */
456 #if defined(SQLITE_MUTATION_TEST)
457 # define OK_IF_ALWAYS_TRUE(X)  (1)
458 # define OK_IF_ALWAYS_FALSE(X) (0)
459 #else
460 # define OK_IF_ALWAYS_TRUE(X)  (X)
461 # define OK_IF_ALWAYS_FALSE(X) (X)
462 #endif
463 
464 /*
465 ** Some malloc failures are only possible if SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS is
466 ** defined.  We need to defend against those failures when testing with
467 ** SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS, but we don't want the unreachable branches
468 ** during a normal build.  The following macro can be used to disable tests
469 ** that are always false except when SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS is set.
470 */
471 #if defined(SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS)
472 # define ONLY_IF_REALLOC_STRESS(X)  (X)
473 #elif !defined(NDEBUG)
474 # define ONLY_IF_REALLOC_STRESS(X)  ((X)?(assert(0),1):0)
475 #else
476 # define ONLY_IF_REALLOC_STRESS(X)  (0)
477 #endif
478 
479 /*
480 ** Declarations used for tracing the operating system interfaces.
481 */
482 #if defined(SQLITE_FORCE_OS_TRACE) || defined(SQLITE_TEST) || \
483     (defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && SQLITE_OS_WIN)
484   extern int sqlite3OSTrace;
485 # define OSTRACE(X)          if( sqlite3OSTrace ) sqlite3DebugPrintf X
486 # define SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE
487 #else
488 # define OSTRACE(X)
489 # undef  SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE
490 #endif
491 
492 /*
493 ** Is the sqlite3ErrName() function needed in the build?  Currently,
494 ** it is needed by "mutex_w32.c" (when debugging), "os_win.c" (when
495 ** OSTRACE is enabled), and by several "test*.c" files (which are
496 ** compiled using SQLITE_TEST).
497 */
498 #if defined(SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE) || defined(SQLITE_TEST) || \
499     (defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && SQLITE_OS_WIN)
500 # define SQLITE_NEED_ERR_NAME
501 #else
502 # undef  SQLITE_NEED_ERR_NAME
503 #endif
504 
505 /*
506 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS is incompatible with SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
507 */
508 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
509 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
510 #endif
511 
512 /*
513 ** Return true (non-zero) if the input is an integer that is too large
514 ** to fit in 32-bits.  This macro is used inside of various testcase()
515 ** macros to verify that we have tested SQLite for large-file support.
516 */
517 #define IS_BIG_INT(X)  (((X)&~(i64)0xffffffff)!=0)
518 
519 /*
520 ** The macro unlikely() is a hint that surrounds a boolean
521 ** expression that is usually false.  Macro likely() surrounds
522 ** a boolean expression that is usually true.  These hints could,
523 ** in theory, be used by the compiler to generate better code, but
524 ** currently they are just comments for human readers.
525 */
526 #define likely(X)    (X)
527 #define unlikely(X)  (X)
528 
529 #include "hash.h"
530 #include "parse.h"
531 #include <stdio.h>
532 #include <stdlib.h>
533 #include <string.h>
534 #include <assert.h>
535 #include <stddef.h>
536 
537 /*
538 ** Use a macro to replace memcpy() if compiled with SQLITE_INLINE_MEMCPY.
539 ** This allows better measurements of where memcpy() is used when running
540 ** cachegrind.  But this macro version of memcpy() is very slow so it
541 ** should not be used in production.  This is a performance measurement
542 ** hack only.
543 */
544 #ifdef SQLITE_INLINE_MEMCPY
545 # define memcpy(D,S,N) {char*xxd=(char*)(D);const char*xxs=(const char*)(S);\
546                         int xxn=(N);while(xxn-->0)*(xxd++)=*(xxs++);}
547 #endif
548 
549 /*
550 ** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
551 ** substitute integer for floating-point
552 */
553 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
554 # define double sqlite_int64
555 # define float sqlite_int64
556 # define LONGDOUBLE_TYPE sqlite_int64
557 # ifndef SQLITE_BIG_DBL
558 #   define SQLITE_BIG_DBL (((sqlite3_int64)1)<<50)
559 # endif
560 # define SQLITE_OMIT_DATETIME_FUNCS 1
561 # define SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE 1
562 # undef SQLITE_MIXED_ENDIAN_64BIT_FLOAT
563 # undef SQLITE_HAVE_ISNAN
564 #endif
565 #ifndef SQLITE_BIG_DBL
566 # define SQLITE_BIG_DBL (1e99)
567 #endif
568 
569 /*
570 ** OMIT_TEMPDB is set to 1 if SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB is defined, or 0
571 ** afterward. Having this macro allows us to cause the C compiler
572 ** to omit code used by TEMP tables without messy #ifndef statements.
573 */
574 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB
575 #define OMIT_TEMPDB 1
576 #else
577 #define OMIT_TEMPDB 0
578 #endif
579 
580 /*
581 ** The "file format" number is an integer that is incremented whenever
582 ** the VDBE-level file format changes.  The following macros define the
583 ** the default file format for new databases and the maximum file format
584 ** that the library can read.
585 */
586 #define SQLITE_MAX_FILE_FORMAT 4
587 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT
588 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT 4
589 #endif
590 
591 /*
592 ** Determine whether triggers are recursive by default.  This can be
593 ** changed at run-time using a pragma.
594 */
595 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS
596 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS 0
597 #endif
598 
599 /*
600 ** Provide a default value for SQLITE_TEMP_STORE in case it is not specified
601 ** on the command-line
602 */
603 #ifndef SQLITE_TEMP_STORE
604 # define SQLITE_TEMP_STORE 1
605 #endif
606 
607 /*
608 ** If no value has been provided for SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS, or if
609 ** SQLITE_TEMP_STORE is set to 3 (never use temporary files), set it
610 ** to zero.
611 */
612 #if SQLITE_TEMP_STORE==3 || SQLITE_THREADSAFE==0
613 # undef SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
614 # define SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS 0
615 #endif
616 #ifndef SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
617 # define SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS 8
618 #endif
619 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS
620 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS 0
621 #endif
622 #if SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS>SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
623 # undef SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
624 # define SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS
625 #endif
626 
627 /*
628 ** The default initial allocation for the pagecache when using separate
629 ** pagecaches for each database connection.  A positive number is the
630 ** number of pages.  A negative number N translations means that a buffer
631 ** of -1024*N bytes is allocated and used for as many pages as it will hold.
632 **
633 ** The default value of "20" was choosen to minimize the run-time of the
634 ** speedtest1 test program with options: --shrink-memory --reprepare
635 */
636 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_PCACHE_INITSZ
637 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_PCACHE_INITSZ 20
638 #endif
639 
640 /*
641 ** Default value for the SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option.
642 */
643 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_SORTERREF_SIZE
644 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_SORTERREF_SIZE 0x7fffffff
645 #endif
646 
647 /*
648 ** The compile-time options SQLITE_MMAP_READWRITE and
649 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE are not compatible with one another.
650 ** You must choose one or the other (or neither) but not both.
651 */
652 #if defined(SQLITE_MMAP_READWRITE) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE)
653 #error Cannot use both SQLITE_MMAP_READWRITE and SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE
654 #endif
655 
656 /*
657 ** GCC does not define the offsetof() macro so we'll have to do it
658 ** ourselves.
659 */
660 #ifndef offsetof
661 #define offsetof(STRUCTURE,FIELD) ((int)((char*)&((STRUCTURE*)0)->FIELD))
662 #endif
663 
664 /*
665 ** Macros to compute minimum and maximum of two numbers.
666 */
667 #ifndef MIN
668 # define MIN(A,B) ((A)<(B)?(A):(B))
669 #endif
670 #ifndef MAX
671 # define MAX(A,B) ((A)>(B)?(A):(B))
672 #endif
673 
674 /*
675 ** Swap two objects of type TYPE.
676 */
677 #define SWAP(TYPE,A,B) {TYPE t=A; A=B; B=t;}
678 
679 /*
680 ** Check to see if this machine uses EBCDIC.  (Yes, believe it or
681 ** not, there are still machines out there that use EBCDIC.)
682 */
683 #if 'A' == '\301'
684 # define SQLITE_EBCDIC 1
685 #else
686 # define SQLITE_ASCII 1
687 #endif
688 
689 /*
690 ** Integers of known sizes.  These typedefs might change for architectures
691 ** where the sizes very.  Preprocessor macros are available so that the
692 ** types can be conveniently redefined at compile-type.  Like this:
693 **
694 **         cc '-DUINTPTR_TYPE=long long int' ...
695 */
696 #ifndef UINT32_TYPE
697 # ifdef HAVE_UINT32_T
698 #  define UINT32_TYPE uint32_t
699 # else
700 #  define UINT32_TYPE unsigned int
701 # endif
702 #endif
703 #ifndef UINT16_TYPE
704 # ifdef HAVE_UINT16_T
705 #  define UINT16_TYPE uint16_t
706 # else
707 #  define UINT16_TYPE unsigned short int
708 # endif
709 #endif
710 #ifndef INT16_TYPE
711 # ifdef HAVE_INT16_T
712 #  define INT16_TYPE int16_t
713 # else
714 #  define INT16_TYPE short int
715 # endif
716 #endif
717 #ifndef UINT8_TYPE
718 # ifdef HAVE_UINT8_T
719 #  define UINT8_TYPE uint8_t
720 # else
721 #  define UINT8_TYPE unsigned char
722 # endif
723 #endif
724 #ifndef INT8_TYPE
725 # ifdef HAVE_INT8_T
726 #  define INT8_TYPE int8_t
727 # else
728 #  define INT8_TYPE signed char
729 # endif
730 #endif
731 #ifndef LONGDOUBLE_TYPE
732 # define LONGDOUBLE_TYPE long double
733 #endif
734 typedef sqlite_int64 i64;          /* 8-byte signed integer */
735 typedef sqlite_uint64 u64;         /* 8-byte unsigned integer */
736 typedef UINT32_TYPE u32;           /* 4-byte unsigned integer */
737 typedef UINT16_TYPE u16;           /* 2-byte unsigned integer */
738 typedef INT16_TYPE i16;            /* 2-byte signed integer */
739 typedef UINT8_TYPE u8;             /* 1-byte unsigned integer */
740 typedef INT8_TYPE i8;              /* 1-byte signed integer */
741 
742 /*
743 ** SQLITE_MAX_U32 is a u64 constant that is the maximum u64 value
744 ** that can be stored in a u32 without loss of data.  The value
745 ** is 0x00000000ffffffff.  But because of quirks of some compilers, we
746 ** have to specify the value in the less intuitive manner shown:
747 */
748 #define SQLITE_MAX_U32  ((((u64)1)<<32)-1)
749 
750 /*
751 ** The datatype used to store estimates of the number of rows in a
752 ** table or index.  This is an unsigned integer type.  For 99.9% of
753 ** the world, a 32-bit integer is sufficient.  But a 64-bit integer
754 ** can be used at compile-time if desired.
755 */
756 #ifdef SQLITE_64BIT_STATS
757  typedef u64 tRowcnt;    /* 64-bit only if requested at compile-time */
758 #else
759  typedef u32 tRowcnt;    /* 32-bit is the default */
760 #endif
761 
762 /*
763 ** Estimated quantities used for query planning are stored as 16-bit
764 ** logarithms.  For quantity X, the value stored is 10*log2(X).  This
765 ** gives a possible range of values of approximately 1.0e986 to 1e-986.
766 ** But the allowed values are "grainy".  Not every value is representable.
767 ** For example, quantities 16 and 17 are both represented by a LogEst
768 ** of 40.  However, since LogEst quantities are suppose to be estimates,
769 ** not exact values, this imprecision is not a problem.
770 **
771 ** "LogEst" is short for "Logarithmic Estimate".
772 **
773 ** Examples:
774 **      1 -> 0              20 -> 43          10000 -> 132
775 **      2 -> 10             25 -> 46          25000 -> 146
776 **      3 -> 16            100 -> 66        1000000 -> 199
777 **      4 -> 20           1000 -> 99        1048576 -> 200
778 **     10 -> 33           1024 -> 100    4294967296 -> 320
779 **
780 ** The LogEst can be negative to indicate fractional values.
781 ** Examples:
782 **
783 **    0.5 -> -10           0.1 -> -33        0.0625 -> -40
784 */
785 typedef INT16_TYPE LogEst;
786 
787 /*
788 ** Set the SQLITE_PTRSIZE macro to the number of bytes in a pointer
789 */
790 #ifndef SQLITE_PTRSIZE
791 # if defined(__SIZEOF_POINTER__)
792 #   define SQLITE_PTRSIZE __SIZEOF_POINTER__
793 # elif defined(i386)     || defined(__i386__)   || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
794        defined(_M_ARM)   || defined(__arm__)    || defined(__x86)   ||    \
795       (defined(__TOS_AIX__) && !defined(__64BIT__))
796 #   define SQLITE_PTRSIZE 4
797 # else
798 #   define SQLITE_PTRSIZE 8
799 # endif
800 #endif
801 
802 /* The uptr type is an unsigned integer large enough to hold a pointer
803 */
804 #if defined(HAVE_STDINT_H)
805   typedef uintptr_t uptr;
806 #elif SQLITE_PTRSIZE==4
807   typedef u32 uptr;
808 #else
809   typedef u64 uptr;
810 #endif
811 
812 /*
813 ** The SQLITE_WITHIN(P,S,E) macro checks to see if pointer P points to
814 ** something between S (inclusive) and E (exclusive).
815 **
816 ** In other words, S is a buffer and E is a pointer to the first byte after
817 ** the end of buffer S.  This macro returns true if P points to something
818 ** contained within the buffer S.
819 */
820 #define SQLITE_WITHIN(P,S,E) (((uptr)(P)>=(uptr)(S))&&((uptr)(P)<(uptr)(E)))
821 
822 
823 /*
824 ** Macros to determine whether the machine is big or little endian,
825 ** and whether or not that determination is run-time or compile-time.
826 **
827 ** For best performance, an attempt is made to guess at the byte-order
828 ** using C-preprocessor macros.  If that is unsuccessful, or if
829 ** -DSQLITE_BYTEORDER=0 is set, then byte-order is determined
830 ** at run-time.
831 */
832 #ifndef SQLITE_BYTEORDER
833 # if defined(i386)     || defined(__i386__)   || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
834      defined(__x86_64) || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X64)  ||    \
835      defined(_M_AMD64) || defined(_M_ARM)     || defined(__x86)   ||    \
836      defined(__arm__)  || defined(_M_ARM64)
837 #   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    1234
838 # elif defined(sparc)    || defined(__ppc__)
839 #   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    4321
840 # else
841 #   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 0
842 # endif
843 #endif
844 #if SQLITE_BYTEORDER==4321
845 # define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    1
846 # define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN 0
847 # define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE  SQLITE_UTF16BE
848 #elif SQLITE_BYTEORDER==1234
849 # define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    0
850 # define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN 1
851 # define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE  SQLITE_UTF16LE
852 #else
853 # ifdef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
854   const int sqlite3one = 1;
855 # else
856   extern const int sqlite3one;
857 # endif
858 # define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    (*(char *)(&sqlite3one)==0)
859 # define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN (*(char *)(&sqlite3one)==1)
860 # define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE  (SQLITE_BIGENDIAN?SQLITE_UTF16BE:SQLITE_UTF16LE)
861 #endif
862 
863 /*
864 ** Constants for the largest and smallest possible 64-bit signed integers.
865 ** These macros are designed to work correctly on both 32-bit and 64-bit
866 ** compilers.
867 */
868 #define LARGEST_INT64  (0xffffffff|(((i64)0x7fffffff)<<32))
869 #define SMALLEST_INT64 (((i64)-1) - LARGEST_INT64)
870 
871 /*
872 ** Round up a number to the next larger multiple of 8.  This is used
873 ** to force 8-byte alignment on 64-bit architectures.
874 */
875 #define ROUND8(x)     (((x)+7)&~7)
876 
877 /*
878 ** Round down to the nearest multiple of 8
879 */
880 #define ROUNDDOWN8(x) ((x)&~7)
881 
882 /*
883 ** Assert that the pointer X is aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  This
884 ** macro is used only within assert() to verify that the code gets
885 ** all alignment restrictions correct.
886 **
887 ** Except, if SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC is defined, then the
888 ** underlying malloc() implementation might return us 4-byte aligned
889 ** pointers.  In that case, only verify 4-byte alignment.
890 */
891 #ifdef SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC
892 # define EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(X)   ((((char*)(X) - (char*)0)&3)==0)
893 #else
894 # define EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(X)   ((((char*)(X) - (char*)0)&7)==0)
895 #endif
896 
897 /*
898 ** Disable MMAP on platforms where it is known to not work
899 */
900 #if defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__QNXNTO__)
901 # undef SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
902 # define SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE 0
903 #endif
904 
905 /*
906 ** Default maximum size of memory used by memory-mapped I/O in the VFS
907 */
908 #ifdef __APPLE__
909 # include <TargetConditionals.h>
910 #endif
911 #ifndef SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
912 # if defined(__linux__) \
913   || defined(_WIN32) \
914   || (defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)) \
915   || defined(__sun) \
916   || defined(__FreeBSD__) \
917   || defined(__DragonFly__)
918 #   define SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE 0x7fff0000  /* 2147418112 */
919 # else
920 #   define SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE 0
921 # endif
922 #endif
923 
924 /*
925 ** The default MMAP_SIZE is zero on all platforms.  Or, even if a larger
926 ** default MMAP_SIZE is specified at compile-time, make sure that it does
927 ** not exceed the maximum mmap size.
928 */
929 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE
930 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE 0
931 #endif
932 #if SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE>SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
933 # undef SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE
934 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
935 #endif
936 
937 /*
938 ** Only one of SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3 or SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4 can be defined.
939 ** Priority is given to SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4.  If either are defined, also
940 ** define SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
941 */
942 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
943 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3
944 # define SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4 1
945 #elif SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3
946 # define SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4 1
947 #elif SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
948 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
949 #endif
950 
951 /*
952 ** SELECTTRACE_ENABLED will be either 1 or 0 depending on whether or not
953 ** the Select query generator tracing logic is turned on.
954 */
955 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SELECTTRACE)
956 # define SELECTTRACE_ENABLED 1
957 #else
958 # define SELECTTRACE_ENABLED 0
959 #endif
960 
961 /*
962 ** An instance of the following structure is used to store the busy-handler
963 ** callback for a given sqlite handle.
964 **
965 ** The sqlite.busyHandler member of the sqlite struct contains the busy
966 ** callback for the database handle. Each pager opened via the sqlite
967 ** handle is passed a pointer to sqlite.busyHandler. The busy-handler
968 ** callback is currently invoked only from within pager.c.
969 */
970 typedef struct BusyHandler BusyHandler;
971 struct BusyHandler {
972   int (*xBusyHandler)(void *,int);  /* The busy callback */
973   void *pBusyArg;                   /* First arg to busy callback */
974   int nBusy;                        /* Incremented with each busy call */
975   u8 bExtraFileArg;                 /* Include sqlite3_file as callback arg */
976 };
977 
978 /*
979 ** Name of the master database table.  The master database table
980 ** is a special table that holds the names and attributes of all
981 ** user tables and indices.
982 */
983 #define MASTER_NAME       "sqlite_master"
984 #define TEMP_MASTER_NAME  "sqlite_temp_master"
985 
986 /*
987 ** The root-page of the master database table.
988 */
989 #define MASTER_ROOT       1
990 
991 /*
992 ** The name of the schema table.
993 */
994 #define SCHEMA_TABLE(x)  ((!OMIT_TEMPDB)&&(x==1)?TEMP_MASTER_NAME:MASTER_NAME)
995 
996 /*
997 ** A convenience macro that returns the number of elements in
998 ** an array.
999 */
1000 #define ArraySize(X)    ((int)(sizeof(X)/sizeof(X[0])))
1001 
1002 /*
1003 ** Determine if the argument is a power of two
1004 */
1005 #define IsPowerOfTwo(X) (((X)&((X)-1))==0)
1006 
1007 /*
1008 ** The following value as a destructor means to use sqlite3DbFree().
1009 ** The sqlite3DbFree() routine requires two parameters instead of the
1010 ** one parameter that destructors normally want.  So we have to introduce
1011 ** this magic value that the code knows to handle differently.  Any
1012 ** pointer will work here as long as it is distinct from SQLITE_STATIC
1013 ** and SQLITE_TRANSIENT.
1014 */
1015 #define SQLITE_DYNAMIC   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)sqlite3MallocSize)
1016 
1017 /*
1018 ** When SQLITE_OMIT_WSD is defined, it means that the target platform does
1019 ** not support Writable Static Data (WSD) such as global and static variables.
1020 ** All variables must either be on the stack or dynamically allocated from
1021 ** the heap.  When WSD is unsupported, the variable declarations scattered
1022 ** throughout the SQLite code must become constants instead.  The SQLITE_WSD
1023 ** macro is used for this purpose.  And instead of referencing the variable
1024 ** directly, we use its constant as a key to lookup the run-time allocated
1025 ** buffer that holds real variable.  The constant is also the initializer
1026 ** for the run-time allocated buffer.
1027 **
1028 ** In the usual case where WSD is supported, the SQLITE_WSD and GLOBAL
1029 ** macros become no-ops and have zero performance impact.
1030 */
1031 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
1032   #define SQLITE_WSD const
1033   #define GLOBAL(t,v) (*(t*)sqlite3_wsd_find((void*)&(v), sizeof(v)))
1034   #define sqlite3GlobalConfig GLOBAL(struct Sqlite3Config, sqlite3Config)
1035   int sqlite3_wsd_init(int N, int J);
1036   void *sqlite3_wsd_find(void *K, int L);
1037 #else
1038   #define SQLITE_WSD
1039   #define GLOBAL(t,v) v
1040   #define sqlite3GlobalConfig sqlite3Config
1041 #endif
1042 
1043 /*
1044 ** The following macros are used to suppress compiler warnings and to
1045 ** make it clear to human readers when a function parameter is deliberately
1046 ** left unused within the body of a function. This usually happens when
1047 ** a function is called via a function pointer. For example the
1048 ** implementation of an SQL aggregate step callback may not use the
1049 ** parameter indicating the number of arguments passed to the aggregate,
1050 ** if it knows that this is enforced elsewhere.
1051 **
1052 ** When a function parameter is not used at all within the body of a function,
1053 ** it is generally named "NotUsed" or "NotUsed2" to make things even clearer.
1054 ** However, these macros may also be used to suppress warnings related to
1055 ** parameters that may or may not be used depending on compilation options.
1056 ** For example those parameters only used in assert() statements. In these
1057 ** cases the parameters are named as per the usual conventions.
1058 */
1059 #define UNUSED_PARAMETER(x) (void)(x)
1060 #define UNUSED_PARAMETER2(x,y) UNUSED_PARAMETER(x),UNUSED_PARAMETER(y)
1061 
1062 /*
1063 ** Forward references to structures
1064 */
1065 typedef struct AggInfo AggInfo;
1066 typedef struct AuthContext AuthContext;
1067 typedef struct AutoincInfo AutoincInfo;
1068 typedef struct Bitvec Bitvec;
1069 typedef struct CollSeq CollSeq;
1070 typedef struct Column Column;
1071 typedef struct Db Db;
1072 typedef struct Schema Schema;
1073 typedef struct Expr Expr;
1074 typedef struct ExprList ExprList;
1075 typedef struct FKey FKey;
1076 typedef struct FuncDestructor FuncDestructor;
1077 typedef struct FuncDef FuncDef;
1078 typedef struct FuncDefHash FuncDefHash;
1079 typedef struct IdList IdList;
1080 typedef struct Index Index;
1081 typedef struct IndexSample IndexSample;
1082 typedef struct KeyClass KeyClass;
1083 typedef struct KeyInfo KeyInfo;
1084 typedef struct Lookaside Lookaside;
1085 typedef struct LookasideSlot LookasideSlot;
1086 typedef struct Module Module;
1087 typedef struct NameContext NameContext;
1088 typedef struct Parse Parse;
1089 typedef struct PreUpdate PreUpdate;
1090 typedef struct PrintfArguments PrintfArguments;
1091 typedef struct RowSet RowSet;
1092 typedef struct Savepoint Savepoint;
1093 typedef struct Select Select;
1094 typedef struct SQLiteThread SQLiteThread;
1095 typedef struct SelectDest SelectDest;
1096 typedef struct SrcList SrcList;
1097 typedef struct sqlite3_str StrAccum; /* Internal alias for sqlite3_str */
1098 typedef struct Table Table;
1099 typedef struct TableLock TableLock;
1100 typedef struct Token Token;
1101 typedef struct TreeView TreeView;
1102 typedef struct Trigger Trigger;
1103 typedef struct TriggerPrg TriggerPrg;
1104 typedef struct TriggerStep TriggerStep;
1105 typedef struct UnpackedRecord UnpackedRecord;
1106 typedef struct Upsert Upsert;
1107 typedef struct VTable VTable;
1108 typedef struct VtabCtx VtabCtx;
1109 typedef struct Walker Walker;
1110 typedef struct WhereInfo WhereInfo;
1111 typedef struct Window Window;
1112 typedef struct With With;
1113 
1114 
1115 /*
1116 ** The bitmask datatype defined below is used for various optimizations.
1117 **
1118 ** Changing this from a 64-bit to a 32-bit type limits the number of
1119 ** tables in a join to 32 instead of 64.  But it also reduces the size
1120 ** of the library by 738 bytes on ix86.
1121 */
1122 #ifdef SQLITE_BITMASK_TYPE
1123   typedef SQLITE_BITMASK_TYPE Bitmask;
1124 #else
1125   typedef u64 Bitmask;
1126 #endif
1127 
1128 /*
1129 ** The number of bits in a Bitmask.  "BMS" means "BitMask Size".
1130 */
1131 #define BMS  ((int)(sizeof(Bitmask)*8))
1132 
1133 /*
1134 ** A bit in a Bitmask
1135 */
1136 #define MASKBIT(n)   (((Bitmask)1)<<(n))
1137 #define MASKBIT32(n) (((unsigned int)1)<<(n))
1138 #define ALLBITS      ((Bitmask)-1)
1139 
1140 /* A VList object records a mapping between parameters/variables/wildcards
1141 ** in the SQL statement (such as $abc, @pqr, or :xyz) and the integer
1142 ** variable number associated with that parameter.  See the format description
1143 ** on the sqlite3VListAdd() routine for more information.  A VList is really
1144 ** just an array of integers.
1145 */
1146 typedef int VList;
1147 
1148 /*
1149 ** Defer sourcing vdbe.h and btree.h until after the "u8" and
1150 ** "BusyHandler" typedefs. vdbe.h also requires a few of the opaque
1151 ** pointer types (i.e. FuncDef) defined above.
1152 */
1153 #include "btree.h"
1154 #include "vdbe.h"
1155 #include "pager.h"
1156 #include "pcache.h"
1157 #include "os.h"
1158 #include "mutex.h"
1159 
1160 /* The SQLITE_EXTRA_DURABLE compile-time option used to set the default
1161 ** synchronous setting to EXTRA.  It is no longer supported.
1162 */
1163 #ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_DURABLE
1164 # warning Use SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS=3 instead of SQLITE_EXTRA_DURABLE
1165 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS 3
1166 #endif
1167 
1168 /*
1169 ** Default synchronous levels.
1170 **
1171 ** Note that (for historcal reasons) the PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_* macros differ
1172 ** from the SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS value by 1.
1173 **
1174 **           PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS       DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
1175 **   OFF           1                         0
1176 **   NORMAL        2                         1
1177 **   FULL          3                         2
1178 **   EXTRA         4                         3
1179 **
1180 ** The "PRAGMA synchronous" statement also uses the zero-based numbers.
1181 ** In other words, the zero-based numbers are used for all external interfaces
1182 ** and the one-based values are used internally.
1183 */
1184 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
1185 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS 2
1186 #endif
1187 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS
1188 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
1189 #endif
1190 
1191 /*
1192 ** Each database file to be accessed by the system is an instance
1193 ** of the following structure.  There are normally two of these structures
1194 ** in the sqlite.aDb[] array.  aDb[0] is the main database file and
1195 ** aDb[1] is the database file used to hold temporary tables.  Additional
1196 ** databases may be attached.
1197 */
1198 struct Db {
1199   char *zDbSName;      /* Name of this database. (schema name, not filename) */
1200   Btree *pBt;          /* The B*Tree structure for this database file */
1201   u8 safety_level;     /* How aggressive at syncing data to disk */
1202   u8 bSyncSet;         /* True if "PRAGMA synchronous=N" has been run */
1203   Schema *pSchema;     /* Pointer to database schema (possibly shared) */
1204 };
1205 
1206 /*
1207 ** An instance of the following structure stores a database schema.
1208 **
1209 ** Most Schema objects are associated with a Btree.  The exception is
1210 ** the Schema for the TEMP databaes (sqlite3.aDb[1]) which is free-standing.
1211 ** In shared cache mode, a single Schema object can be shared by multiple
1212 ** Btrees that refer to the same underlying BtShared object.
1213 **
1214 ** Schema objects are automatically deallocated when the last Btree that
1215 ** references them is destroyed.   The TEMP Schema is manually freed by
1216 ** sqlite3_close().
1217 *
1218 ** A thread must be holding a mutex on the corresponding Btree in order
1219 ** to access Schema content.  This implies that the thread must also be
1220 ** holding a mutex on the sqlite3 connection pointer that owns the Btree.
1221 ** For a TEMP Schema, only the connection mutex is required.
1222 */
1223 struct Schema {
1224   int schema_cookie;   /* Database schema version number for this file */
1225   int iGeneration;     /* Generation counter.  Incremented with each change */
1226   Hash tblHash;        /* All tables indexed by name */
1227   Hash idxHash;        /* All (named) indices indexed by name */
1228   Hash trigHash;       /* All triggers indexed by name */
1229   Hash fkeyHash;       /* All foreign keys by referenced table name */
1230   Table *pSeqTab;      /* The sqlite_sequence table used by AUTOINCREMENT */
1231   u8 file_format;      /* Schema format version for this file */
1232   u8 enc;              /* Text encoding used by this database */
1233   u16 schemaFlags;     /* Flags associated with this schema */
1234   int cache_size;      /* Number of pages to use in the cache */
1235 };
1236 
1237 /*
1238 ** These macros can be used to test, set, or clear bits in the
1239 ** Db.pSchema->flags field.
1240 */
1241 #define DbHasProperty(D,I,P)     (((D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags&(P))==(P))
1242 #define DbHasAnyProperty(D,I,P)  (((D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags&(P))!=0)
1243 #define DbSetProperty(D,I,P)     (D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags|=(P)
1244 #define DbClearProperty(D,I,P)   (D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags&=~(P)
1245 
1246 /*
1247 ** Allowed values for the DB.pSchema->flags field.
1248 **
1249 ** The DB_SchemaLoaded flag is set after the database schema has been
1250 ** read into internal hash tables.
1251 **
1252 ** DB_UnresetViews means that one or more views have column names that
1253 ** have been filled out.  If the schema changes, these column names might
1254 ** changes and so the view will need to be reset.
1255 */
1256 #define DB_SchemaLoaded    0x0001  /* The schema has been loaded */
1257 #define DB_UnresetViews    0x0002  /* Some views have defined column names */
1258 #define DB_Empty           0x0004  /* The file is empty (length 0 bytes) */
1259 #define DB_ResetWanted     0x0008  /* Reset the schema when nSchemaLock==0 */
1260 
1261 /*
1262 ** The number of different kinds of things that can be limited
1263 ** using the sqlite3_limit() interface.
1264 */
1265 #define SQLITE_N_LIMIT (SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS+1)
1266 
1267 /*
1268 ** Lookaside malloc is a set of fixed-size buffers that can be used
1269 ** to satisfy small transient memory allocation requests for objects
1270 ** associated with a particular database connection.  The use of
1271 ** lookaside malloc provides a significant performance enhancement
1272 ** (approx 10%) by avoiding numerous malloc/free requests while parsing
1273 ** SQL statements.
1274 **
1275 ** The Lookaside structure holds configuration information about the
1276 ** lookaside malloc subsystem.  Each available memory allocation in
1277 ** the lookaside subsystem is stored on a linked list of LookasideSlot
1278 ** objects.
1279 **
1280 ** Lookaside allocations are only allowed for objects that are associated
1281 ** with a particular database connection.  Hence, schema information cannot
1282 ** be stored in lookaside because in shared cache mode the schema information
1283 ** is shared by multiple database connections.  Therefore, while parsing
1284 ** schema information, the Lookaside.bEnabled flag is cleared so that
1285 ** lookaside allocations are not used to construct the schema objects.
1286 */
1287 struct Lookaside {
1288   u32 bDisable;           /* Only operate the lookaside when zero */
1289   u16 sz;                 /* Size of each buffer in bytes */
1290   u8 bMalloced;           /* True if pStart obtained from sqlite3_malloc() */
1291   u32 nSlot;              /* Number of lookaside slots allocated */
1292   u32 anStat[3];          /* 0: hits.  1: size misses.  2: full misses */
1293   LookasideSlot *pInit;   /* List of buffers not previously used */
1294   LookasideSlot *pFree;   /* List of available buffers */
1295   void *pStart;           /* First byte of available memory space */
1296   void *pEnd;             /* First byte past end of available space */
1297 };
1298 struct LookasideSlot {
1299   LookasideSlot *pNext;    /* Next buffer in the list of free buffers */
1300 };
1301 
1302 /*
1303 ** A hash table for built-in function definitions.  (Application-defined
1304 ** functions use a regular table table from hash.h.)
1305 **
1306 ** Hash each FuncDef structure into one of the FuncDefHash.a[] slots.
1307 ** Collisions are on the FuncDef.u.pHash chain.
1308 */
1309 #define SQLITE_FUNC_HASH_SZ 23
1310 struct FuncDefHash {
1311   FuncDef *a[SQLITE_FUNC_HASH_SZ];       /* Hash table for functions */
1312 };
1313 
1314 #ifdef SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
1315 /*
1316 ** Information held in the "sqlite3" database connection object and used
1317 ** to manage user authentication.
1318 */
1319 typedef struct sqlite3_userauth sqlite3_userauth;
1320 struct sqlite3_userauth {
1321   u8 authLevel;                 /* Current authentication level */
1322   int nAuthPW;                  /* Size of the zAuthPW in bytes */
1323   char *zAuthPW;                /* Password used to authenticate */
1324   char *zAuthUser;              /* User name used to authenticate */
1325 };
1326 
1327 /* Allowed values for sqlite3_userauth.authLevel */
1328 #define UAUTH_Unknown     0     /* Authentication not yet checked */
1329 #define UAUTH_Fail        1     /* User authentication failed */
1330 #define UAUTH_User        2     /* Authenticated as a normal user */
1331 #define UAUTH_Admin       3     /* Authenticated as an administrator */
1332 
1333 /* Functions used only by user authorization logic */
1334 int sqlite3UserAuthTable(const char*);
1335 int sqlite3UserAuthCheckLogin(sqlite3*,const char*,u8*);
1336 void sqlite3UserAuthInit(sqlite3*);
1337 void sqlite3CryptFunc(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
1338 
1339 #endif /* SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION */
1340 
1341 /*
1342 ** typedef for the authorization callback function.
1343 */
1344 #ifdef SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
1345   typedef int (*sqlite3_xauth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,
1346                                const char*, const char*);
1347 #else
1348   typedef int (*sqlite3_xauth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,
1349                                const char*);
1350 #endif
1351 
1352 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
1353 /* This is an extra SQLITE_TRACE macro that indicates "legacy" tracing
1354 ** in the style of sqlite3_trace()
1355 */
1356 #define SQLITE_TRACE_LEGACY  0x80
1357 #else
1358 #define SQLITE_TRACE_LEGACY  0
1359 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED */
1360 
1361 
1362 /*
1363 ** Each database connection is an instance of the following structure.
1364 */
1365 struct sqlite3 {
1366   sqlite3_vfs *pVfs;            /* OS Interface */
1367   struct Vdbe *pVdbe;           /* List of active virtual machines */
1368   CollSeq *pDfltColl;           /* The default collating sequence (BINARY) */
1369   sqlite3_mutex *mutex;         /* Connection mutex */
1370   Db *aDb;                      /* All backends */
1371   int nDb;                      /* Number of backends currently in use */
1372   u32 mDbFlags;                 /* flags recording internal state */
1373   u32 flags;                    /* flags settable by pragmas. See below */
1374   i64 lastRowid;                /* ROWID of most recent insert (see above) */
1375   i64 szMmap;                   /* Default mmap_size setting */
1376   u32 nSchemaLock;              /* Do not reset the schema when non-zero */
1377   unsigned int openFlags;       /* Flags passed to sqlite3_vfs.xOpen() */
1378   int errCode;                  /* Most recent error code (SQLITE_*) */
1379   int errMask;                  /* & result codes with this before returning */
1380   int iSysErrno;                /* Errno value from last system error */
1381   u16 dbOptFlags;               /* Flags to enable/disable optimizations */
1382   u8 enc;                       /* Text encoding */
1383   u8 autoCommit;                /* The auto-commit flag. */
1384   u8 temp_store;                /* 1: file 2: memory 0: default */
1385   u8 mallocFailed;              /* True if we have seen a malloc failure */
1386   u8 bBenignMalloc;             /* Do not require OOMs if true */
1387   u8 dfltLockMode;              /* Default locking-mode for attached dbs */
1388   signed char nextAutovac;      /* Autovac setting after VACUUM if >=0 */
1389   u8 suppressErr;               /* Do not issue error messages if true */
1390   u8 vtabOnConflict;            /* Value to return for s3_vtab_on_conflict() */
1391   u8 isTransactionSavepoint;    /* True if the outermost savepoint is a TS */
1392   u8 mTrace;                    /* zero or more SQLITE_TRACE flags */
1393   u8 noSharedCache;             /* True if no shared-cache backends */
1394   u8 nSqlExec;                  /* Number of pending OP_SqlExec opcodes */
1395   int nextPagesize;             /* Pagesize after VACUUM if >0 */
1396   u32 magic;                    /* Magic number for detect library misuse */
1397   int nChange;                  /* Value returned by sqlite3_changes() */
1398   int nTotalChange;             /* Value returned by sqlite3_total_changes() */
1399   int aLimit[SQLITE_N_LIMIT];   /* Limits */
1400   int nMaxSorterMmap;           /* Maximum size of regions mapped by sorter */
1401   struct sqlite3InitInfo {      /* Information used during initialization */
1402     int newTnum;                /* Rootpage of table being initialized */
1403     u8 iDb;                     /* Which db file is being initialized */
1404     u8 busy;                    /* TRUE if currently initializing */
1405     unsigned orphanTrigger : 1; /* Last statement is orphaned TEMP trigger */
1406     unsigned imposterTable : 1; /* Building an imposter table */
1407     unsigned reopenMemdb : 1;   /* ATTACH is really a reopen using MemDB */
1408   } init;
1409   int nVdbeActive;              /* Number of VDBEs currently running */
1410   int nVdbeRead;                /* Number of active VDBEs that read or write */
1411   int nVdbeWrite;               /* Number of active VDBEs that read and write */
1412   int nVdbeExec;                /* Number of nested calls to VdbeExec() */
1413   int nVDestroy;                /* Number of active OP_VDestroy operations */
1414   int nExtension;               /* Number of loaded extensions */
1415   void **aExtension;            /* Array of shared library handles */
1416   int (*xTrace)(u32,void*,void*,void*);     /* Trace function */
1417   void *pTraceArg;                          /* Argument to the trace function */
1418   void (*xProfile)(void*,const char*,u64);  /* Profiling function */
1419   void *pProfileArg;                        /* Argument to profile function */
1420   void *pCommitArg;                 /* Argument to xCommitCallback() */
1421   int (*xCommitCallback)(void*);    /* Invoked at every commit. */
1422   void *pRollbackArg;               /* Argument to xRollbackCallback() */
1423   void (*xRollbackCallback)(void*); /* Invoked at every commit. */
1424   void *pUpdateArg;
1425   void (*xUpdateCallback)(void*,int, const char*,const char*,sqlite_int64);
1426 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
1427   void *pPreUpdateArg;          /* First argument to xPreUpdateCallback */
1428   void (*xPreUpdateCallback)(   /* Registered using sqlite3_preupdate_hook() */
1429     void*,sqlite3*,int,char const*,char const*,sqlite3_int64,sqlite3_int64
1430   );
1431   PreUpdate *pPreUpdate;        /* Context for active pre-update callback */
1432 #endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */
1433 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
1434   int (*xWalCallback)(void *, sqlite3 *, const char *, int);
1435   void *pWalArg;
1436 #endif
1437   void(*xCollNeeded)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*);
1438   void(*xCollNeeded16)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*);
1439   void *pCollNeededArg;
1440   sqlite3_value *pErr;          /* Most recent error message */
1441   union {
1442     volatile int isInterrupted; /* True if sqlite3_interrupt has been called */
1443     double notUsed1;            /* Spacer */
1444   } u1;
1445   Lookaside lookaside;          /* Lookaside malloc configuration */
1446 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
1447   sqlite3_xauth xAuth;          /* Access authorization function */
1448   void *pAuthArg;               /* 1st argument to the access auth function */
1449 #endif
1450 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
1451   int (*xProgress)(void *);     /* The progress callback */
1452   void *pProgressArg;           /* Argument to the progress callback */
1453   unsigned nProgressOps;        /* Number of opcodes for progress callback */
1454 #endif
1455 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
1456   int nVTrans;                  /* Allocated size of aVTrans */
1457   Hash aModule;                 /* populated by sqlite3_create_module() */
1458   VtabCtx *pVtabCtx;            /* Context for active vtab connect/create */
1459   VTable **aVTrans;             /* Virtual tables with open transactions */
1460   VTable *pDisconnect;          /* Disconnect these in next sqlite3_prepare() */
1461 #endif
1462   Hash aFunc;                   /* Hash table of connection functions */
1463   Hash aCollSeq;                /* All collating sequences */
1464   BusyHandler busyHandler;      /* Busy callback */
1465   Db aDbStatic[2];              /* Static space for the 2 default backends */
1466   Savepoint *pSavepoint;        /* List of active savepoints */
1467   int busyTimeout;              /* Busy handler timeout, in msec */
1468   int nSavepoint;               /* Number of non-transaction savepoints */
1469   int nStatement;               /* Number of nested statement-transactions  */
1470   i64 nDeferredCons;            /* Net deferred constraints this transaction. */
1471   i64 nDeferredImmCons;         /* Net deferred immediate constraints */
1472   int *pnBytesFreed;            /* If not NULL, increment this in DbFree() */
1473 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY
1474   /* The following variables are all protected by the STATIC_MASTER
1475   ** mutex, not by sqlite3.mutex. They are used by code in notify.c.
1476   **
1477   ** When X.pUnlockConnection==Y, that means that X is waiting for Y to
1478   ** unlock so that it can proceed.
1479   **
1480   ** When X.pBlockingConnection==Y, that means that something that X tried
1481   ** tried to do recently failed with an SQLITE_LOCKED error due to locks
1482   ** held by Y.
1483   */
1484   sqlite3 *pBlockingConnection; /* Connection that caused SQLITE_LOCKED */
1485   sqlite3 *pUnlockConnection;           /* Connection to watch for unlock */
1486   void *pUnlockArg;                     /* Argument to xUnlockNotify */
1487   void (*xUnlockNotify)(void **, int);  /* Unlock notify callback */
1488   sqlite3 *pNextBlocked;        /* Next in list of all blocked connections */
1489 #endif
1490 #ifdef SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
1491   sqlite3_userauth auth;        /* User authentication information */
1492 #endif
1493 };
1494 
1495 /*
1496 ** A macro to discover the encoding of a database.
1497 */
1498 #define SCHEMA_ENC(db) ((db)->aDb[0].pSchema->enc)
1499 #define ENC(db)        ((db)->enc)
1500 
1501 /*
1502 ** Possible values for the sqlite3.flags.
1503 **
1504 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
1505 **      SQLITE_FullFSync     == PAGER_FULLFSYNC
1506 **      SQLITE_CkptFullFSync == PAGER_CKPT_FULLFSYNC
1507 **      SQLITE_CacheSpill    == PAGER_CACHE_SPILL
1508 */
1509 #define SQLITE_WriteSchema    0x00000001  /* OK to update SQLITE_MASTER */
1510 #define SQLITE_LegacyFileFmt  0x00000002  /* Create new databases in format 1 */
1511 #define SQLITE_FullColNames   0x00000004  /* Show full column names on SELECT */
1512 #define SQLITE_FullFSync      0x00000008  /* Use full fsync on the backend */
1513 #define SQLITE_CkptFullFSync  0x00000010  /* Use full fsync for checkpoint */
1514 #define SQLITE_CacheSpill     0x00000020  /* OK to spill pager cache */
1515 #define SQLITE_ShortColNames  0x00000040  /* Show short columns names */
1516 #define SQLITE_CountRows      0x00000080  /* Count rows changed by INSERT, */
1517                                           /*   DELETE, or UPDATE and return */
1518                                           /*   the count using a callback. */
1519 #define SQLITE_NullCallback   0x00000100  /* Invoke the callback once if the */
1520                                           /*   result set is empty */
1521 #define SQLITE_IgnoreChecks   0x00000200  /* Do not enforce check constraints */
1522 #define SQLITE_ReadUncommit   0x00000400  /* READ UNCOMMITTED in shared-cache */
1523 #define SQLITE_NoCkptOnClose  0x00000800  /* No checkpoint on close()/DETACH */
1524 #define SQLITE_ReverseOrder   0x00001000  /* Reverse unordered SELECTs */
1525 #define SQLITE_RecTriggers    0x00002000  /* Enable recursive triggers */
1526 #define SQLITE_ForeignKeys    0x00004000  /* Enforce foreign key constraints  */
1527 #define SQLITE_AutoIndex      0x00008000  /* Enable automatic indexes */
1528 #define SQLITE_LoadExtension  0x00010000  /* Enable load_extension */
1529 #define SQLITE_LoadExtFunc    0x00020000  /* Enable load_extension() SQL func */
1530 #define SQLITE_EnableTrigger  0x00040000  /* True to enable triggers */
1531 #define SQLITE_DeferFKs       0x00080000  /* Defer all FK constraints */
1532 #define SQLITE_QueryOnly      0x00100000  /* Disable database changes */
1533 #define SQLITE_CellSizeCk     0x00200000  /* Check btree cell sizes on load */
1534 #define SQLITE_Fts3Tokenizer  0x00400000  /* Enable fts3_tokenizer(2) */
1535 #define SQLITE_EnableQPSG     0x00800000  /* Query Planner Stability Guarantee*/
1536 #define SQLITE_TriggerEQP     0x01000000  /* Show trigger EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
1537 #define SQLITE_ResetDatabase  0x02000000  /* Reset the database */
1538 
1539 /* Flags used only if debugging */
1540 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
1541 #define SQLITE_SqlTrace       0x08000000  /* Debug print SQL as it executes */
1542 #define SQLITE_VdbeListing    0x10000000  /* Debug listings of VDBE programs */
1543 #define SQLITE_VdbeTrace      0x20000000  /* True to trace VDBE execution */
1544 #define SQLITE_VdbeAddopTrace 0x40000000  /* Trace sqlite3VdbeAddOp() calls */
1545 #define SQLITE_VdbeEQP        0x80000000  /* Debug EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
1546 #endif
1547 
1548 /*
1549 ** Allowed values for sqlite3.mDbFlags
1550 */
1551 #define DBFLAG_SchemaChange   0x0001  /* Uncommitted Hash table changes */
1552 #define DBFLAG_PreferBuiltin  0x0002  /* Preference to built-in funcs */
1553 #define DBFLAG_Vacuum         0x0004  /* Currently in a VACUUM */
1554 #define DBFLAG_SchemaKnownOk  0x0008  /* Schema is known to be valid */
1555 
1556 /*
1557 ** Bits of the sqlite3.dbOptFlags field that are used by the
1558 ** sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS,...) interface to
1559 ** selectively disable various optimizations.
1560 */
1561 #define SQLITE_QueryFlattener 0x0001   /* Query flattening */
1562                           /*  0x0002   available for reuse */
1563 #define SQLITE_GroupByOrder   0x0004   /* GROUPBY cover of ORDERBY */
1564 #define SQLITE_FactorOutConst 0x0008   /* Constant factoring */
1565 #define SQLITE_DistinctOpt    0x0010   /* DISTINCT using indexes */
1566 #define SQLITE_CoverIdxScan   0x0020   /* Covering index scans */
1567 #define SQLITE_OrderByIdxJoin 0x0040   /* ORDER BY of joins via index */
1568 #define SQLITE_Transitive     0x0080   /* Transitive constraints */
1569 #define SQLITE_OmitNoopJoin   0x0100   /* Omit unused tables in joins */
1570 #define SQLITE_CountOfView    0x0200   /* The count-of-view optimization */
1571 #define SQLITE_CursorHints    0x0400   /* Add OP_CursorHint opcodes */
1572 #define SQLITE_Stat34         0x0800   /* Use STAT3 or STAT4 data */
1573    /* TH3 expects the Stat34  ^^^^^^ value to be 0x0800.  Don't change it */
1574 #define SQLITE_PushDown       0x1000   /* The push-down optimization */
1575 #define SQLITE_SimplifyJoin   0x2000   /* Convert LEFT JOIN to JOIN */
1576 #define SQLITE_SkipScan       0x4000   /* Skip-scans */
1577 #define SQLITE_PropagateConst 0x8000   /* The constant propagation opt */
1578 #define SQLITE_AllOpts        0xffff   /* All optimizations */
1579 
1580 /*
1581 ** Macros for testing whether or not optimizations are enabled or disabled.
1582 */
1583 #define OptimizationDisabled(db, mask)  (((db)->dbOptFlags&(mask))!=0)
1584 #define OptimizationEnabled(db, mask)   (((db)->dbOptFlags&(mask))==0)
1585 
1586 /*
1587 ** Return true if it OK to factor constant expressions into the initialization
1588 ** code. The argument is a Parse object for the code generator.
1589 */
1590 #define ConstFactorOk(P) ((P)->okConstFactor)
1591 
1592 /*
1593 ** Possible values for the sqlite.magic field.
1594 ** The numbers are obtained at random and have no special meaning, other
1595 ** than being distinct from one another.
1596 */
1597 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN     0xa029a697  /* Database is open */
1598 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_CLOSED   0x9f3c2d33  /* Database is closed */
1599 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_SICK     0x4b771290  /* Error and awaiting close */
1600 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY     0xf03b7906  /* Database currently in use */
1601 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_ERROR    0xb5357930  /* An SQLITE_MISUSE error occurred */
1602 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_ZOMBIE   0x64cffc7f  /* Close with last statement close */
1603 
1604 /*
1605 ** Each SQL function is defined by an instance of the following
1606 ** structure.  For global built-in functions (ex: substr(), max(), count())
1607 ** a pointer to this structure is held in the sqlite3BuiltinFunctions object.
1608 ** For per-connection application-defined functions, a pointer to this
1609 ** structure is held in the db->aHash hash table.
1610 **
1611 ** The u.pHash field is used by the global built-ins.  The u.pDestructor
1612 ** field is used by per-connection app-def functions.
1613 */
1614 struct FuncDef {
1615   i8 nArg;             /* Number of arguments.  -1 means unlimited */
1616   u32 funcFlags;       /* Some combination of SQLITE_FUNC_* */
1617   void *pUserData;     /* User data parameter */
1618   FuncDef *pNext;      /* Next function with same name */
1619   void (*xSFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**); /* func or agg-step */
1620   void (*xFinalize)(sqlite3_context*);                  /* Agg finalizer */
1621   void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*);                     /* Current agg value */
1622   void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**); /* inverse agg-step */
1623   const char *zName;   /* SQL name of the function. */
1624   union {
1625     FuncDef *pHash;      /* Next with a different name but the same hash */
1626     FuncDestructor *pDestructor;   /* Reference counted destructor function */
1627   } u;
1628 };
1629 
1630 /*
1631 ** This structure encapsulates a user-function destructor callback (as
1632 ** configured using create_function_v2()) and a reference counter. When
1633 ** create_function_v2() is called to create a function with a destructor,
1634 ** a single object of this type is allocated. FuncDestructor.nRef is set to
1635 ** the number of FuncDef objects created (either 1 or 3, depending on whether
1636 ** or not the specified encoding is SQLITE_ANY). The FuncDef.pDestructor
1637 ** member of each of the new FuncDef objects is set to point to the allocated
1638 ** FuncDestructor.
1639 **
1640 ** Thereafter, when one of the FuncDef objects is deleted, the reference
1641 ** count on this object is decremented. When it reaches 0, the destructor
1642 ** is invoked and the FuncDestructor structure freed.
1643 */
1644 struct FuncDestructor {
1645   int nRef;
1646   void (*xDestroy)(void *);
1647   void *pUserData;
1648 };
1649 
1650 /*
1651 ** Possible values for FuncDef.flags.  Note that the _LENGTH and _TYPEOF
1652 ** values must correspond to OPFLAG_LENGTHARG and OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG.  And
1653 ** SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT must be the same as SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC.  There
1654 ** are assert() statements in the code to verify this.
1655 **
1656 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
1657 **     SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX    ==  NC_MinMaxAgg      == SF_MinMaxAgg
1658 **     SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH    ==  OPFLAG_LENGTHARG
1659 **     SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF    ==  OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG
1660 **     SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT  ==  SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC from the API
1661 **     SQLITE_FUNC_ENCMASK   depends on SQLITE_UTF* macros in the API
1662 */
1663 #define SQLITE_FUNC_ENCMASK  0x0003 /* SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_UTF16BE or UTF16LE */
1664 #define SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE     0x0004 /* Candidate for the LIKE optimization */
1665 #define SQLITE_FUNC_CASE     0x0008 /* Case-sensitive LIKE-type function */
1666 #define SQLITE_FUNC_EPHEM    0x0010 /* Ephemeral.  Delete with VDBE */
1667 #define SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL 0x0020 /* sqlite3GetFuncCollSeq() might be called*/
1668 #define SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH   0x0040 /* Built-in length() function */
1669 #define SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF   0x0080 /* Built-in typeof() function */
1670 #define SQLITE_FUNC_COUNT    0x0100 /* Built-in count(*) aggregate */
1671 #define SQLITE_FUNC_COALESCE 0x0200 /* Built-in coalesce() or ifnull() */
1672 #define SQLITE_FUNC_UNLIKELY 0x0400 /* Built-in unlikely() function */
1673 #define SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT 0x0800 /* Constant inputs give a constant output */
1674 #define SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX   0x1000 /* True for min() and max() aggregates */
1675 #define SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG  0x2000 /* "Slow Change". Value constant during a
1676                                     ** single query - might change over time */
1677 #define SQLITE_FUNC_AFFINITY 0x4000 /* Built-in affinity() function */
1678 #define SQLITE_FUNC_OFFSET   0x8000 /* Built-in sqlite_offset() function */
1679 #define SQLITE_FUNC_WINDOW  0x10000 /* Built-in window-only function */
1680 #define SQLITE_FUNC_WINDOW_SIZE  0x20000  /* Requires partition size as arg. */
1681 
1682 /*
1683 ** The following three macros, FUNCTION(), LIKEFUNC() and AGGREGATE() are
1684 ** used to create the initializers for the FuncDef structures.
1685 **
1686 **   FUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1687 **     Used to create a scalar function definition of a function zName
1688 **     implemented by C function xFunc that accepts nArg arguments. The
1689 **     value passed as iArg is cast to a (void*) and made available
1690 **     as the user-data (sqlite3_user_data()) for the function. If
1691 **     argument bNC is true, then the SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL flag is set.
1692 **
1693 **   VFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1694 **     Like FUNCTION except it omits the SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT flag.
1695 **
1696 **   DFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1697 **     Like FUNCTION except it omits the SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT flag and
1698 **     adds the SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG flag.  Used for date & time functions
1699 **     and functions like sqlite_version() that can change, but not during
1700 **     a single query.  The iArg is ignored.  The user-data is always set
1701 **     to a NULL pointer.  The bNC parameter is not used.
1702 **
1703 **   PURE_DATE(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1704 **     Used for "pure" date/time functions, this macro is like DFUNCTION
1705 **     except that it does set the SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT flags.  iArg is
1706 **     ignored and the user-data for these functions is set to an
1707 **     arbitrary non-NULL pointer.  The bNC parameter is not used.
1708 **
1709 **   AGGREGATE(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xStep, xFinal)
1710 **     Used to create an aggregate function definition implemented by
1711 **     the C functions xStep and xFinal. The first four parameters
1712 **     are interpreted in the same way as the first 4 parameters to
1713 **     FUNCTION().
1714 **
1715 **   WFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, xStep, xFinal, xValue, xInverse)
1716 **     Used to create an aggregate function definition implemented by
1717 **     the C functions xStep and xFinal. The first four parameters
1718 **     are interpreted in the same way as the first 4 parameters to
1719 **     FUNCTION().
1720 **
1721 **   LIKEFUNC(zName, nArg, pArg, flags)
1722 **     Used to create a scalar function definition of a function zName
1723 **     that accepts nArg arguments and is implemented by a call to C
1724 **     function likeFunc. Argument pArg is cast to a (void *) and made
1725 **     available as the function user-data (sqlite3_user_data()). The
1726 **     FuncDef.flags variable is set to the value passed as the flags
1727 **     parameter.
1728 */
1729 #define FUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1730   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1731    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1732 #define VFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1733   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1734    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1735 #define DFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1736   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG|SQLITE_UTF8, \
1737    0, 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1738 #define PURE_DATE(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1739   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG|SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT, \
1740    (void*)&sqlite3Config, 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1741 #define FUNCTION2(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc, extraFlags) \
1742   {nArg,SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL)|extraFlags,\
1743    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1744 #define STR_FUNCTION(zName, nArg, pArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1745   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG|SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1746    pArg, 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, }
1747 #define LIKEFUNC(zName, nArg, arg, flags) \
1748   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_UTF8|flags, \
1749    (void *)arg, 0, likeFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1750 #define AGGREGATE(zName, nArg, arg, nc, xStep, xFinal, xValue) \
1751   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|(nc*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1752    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(arg), 0, xStep,xFinal,xValue,0,#zName, {0}}
1753 #define AGGREGATE2(zName, nArg, arg, nc, xStep, xFinal, extraFlags) \
1754   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|(nc*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL)|extraFlags, \
1755    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(arg), 0, xStep,xFinal,xFinal,0,#zName, {0}}
1756 
1757 #define WAGGREGATE(zName, nArg, arg, nc, xStep, xFinal, xValue, xInverse, f) \
1758   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|(nc*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL)|f, \
1759    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(arg), 0, xStep,xFinal,xValue,xInverse,#zName, {0}}
1760 
1761 /*
1762 ** All current savepoints are stored in a linked list starting at
1763 ** sqlite3.pSavepoint. The first element in the list is the most recently
1764 ** opened savepoint. Savepoints are added to the list by the vdbe
1765 ** OP_Savepoint instruction.
1766 */
1767 struct Savepoint {
1768   char *zName;                        /* Savepoint name (nul-terminated) */
1769   i64 nDeferredCons;                  /* Number of deferred fk violations */
1770   i64 nDeferredImmCons;               /* Number of deferred imm fk. */
1771   Savepoint *pNext;                   /* Parent savepoint (if any) */
1772 };
1773 
1774 /*
1775 ** The following are used as the second parameter to sqlite3Savepoint(),
1776 ** and as the P1 argument to the OP_Savepoint instruction.
1777 */
1778 #define SAVEPOINT_BEGIN      0
1779 #define SAVEPOINT_RELEASE    1
1780 #define SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK   2
1781 
1782 
1783 /*
1784 ** Each SQLite module (virtual table definition) is defined by an
1785 ** instance of the following structure, stored in the sqlite3.aModule
1786 ** hash table.
1787 */
1788 struct Module {
1789   const sqlite3_module *pModule;       /* Callback pointers */
1790   const char *zName;                   /* Name passed to create_module() */
1791   void *pAux;                          /* pAux passed to create_module() */
1792   void (*xDestroy)(void *);            /* Module destructor function */
1793   Table *pEpoTab;                      /* Eponymous table for this module */
1794 };
1795 
1796 /*
1797 ** information about each column of an SQL table is held in an instance
1798 ** of this structure.
1799 */
1800 struct Column {
1801   char *zName;     /* Name of this column, \000, then the type */
1802   Expr *pDflt;     /* Default value of this column */
1803   char *zColl;     /* Collating sequence.  If NULL, use the default */
1804   u8 notNull;      /* An OE_ code for handling a NOT NULL constraint */
1805   char affinity;   /* One of the SQLITE_AFF_... values */
1806   u8 szEst;        /* Estimated size of value in this column. sizeof(INT)==1 */
1807   u8 colFlags;     /* Boolean properties.  See COLFLAG_ defines below */
1808 };
1809 
1810 /* Allowed values for Column.colFlags:
1811 */
1812 #define COLFLAG_PRIMKEY  0x0001    /* Column is part of the primary key */
1813 #define COLFLAG_HIDDEN   0x0002    /* A hidden column in a virtual table */
1814 #define COLFLAG_HASTYPE  0x0004    /* Type name follows column name */
1815 #define COLFLAG_UNIQUE   0x0008    /* Column def contains "UNIQUE" or "PK" */
1816 #define COLFLAG_SORTERREF 0x0010   /* Use sorter-refs with this column */
1817 
1818 /*
1819 ** A "Collating Sequence" is defined by an instance of the following
1820 ** structure. Conceptually, a collating sequence consists of a name and
1821 ** a comparison routine that defines the order of that sequence.
1822 **
1823 ** If CollSeq.xCmp is NULL, it means that the
1824 ** collating sequence is undefined.  Indices built on an undefined
1825 ** collating sequence may not be read or written.
1826 */
1827 struct CollSeq {
1828   char *zName;          /* Name of the collating sequence, UTF-8 encoded */
1829   u8 enc;               /* Text encoding handled by xCmp() */
1830   void *pUser;          /* First argument to xCmp() */
1831   int (*xCmp)(void*,int, const void*, int, const void*);
1832   void (*xDel)(void*);  /* Destructor for pUser */
1833 };
1834 
1835 /*
1836 ** A sort order can be either ASC or DESC.
1837 */
1838 #define SQLITE_SO_ASC       0  /* Sort in ascending order */
1839 #define SQLITE_SO_DESC      1  /* Sort in ascending order */
1840 #define SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED -1 /* No sort order specified */
1841 
1842 /*
1843 ** Column affinity types.
1844 **
1845 ** These used to have mnemonic name like 'i' for SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER and
1846 ** 't' for SQLITE_AFF_TEXT.  But we can save a little space and improve
1847 ** the speed a little by numbering the values consecutively.
1848 **
1849 ** But rather than start with 0 or 1, we begin with 'A'.  That way,
1850 ** when multiple affinity types are concatenated into a string and
1851 ** used as the P4 operand, they will be more readable.
1852 **
1853 ** Note also that the numeric types are grouped together so that testing
1854 ** for a numeric type is a single comparison.  And the BLOB type is first.
1855 */
1856 #define SQLITE_AFF_BLOB     'A'
1857 #define SQLITE_AFF_TEXT     'B'
1858 #define SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC  'C'
1859 #define SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER  'D'
1860 #define SQLITE_AFF_REAL     'E'
1861 
1862 #define sqlite3IsNumericAffinity(X)  ((X)>=SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC)
1863 
1864 /*
1865 ** The SQLITE_AFF_MASK values masks off the significant bits of an
1866 ** affinity value.
1867 */
1868 #define SQLITE_AFF_MASK     0x47
1869 
1870 /*
1871 ** Additional bit values that can be ORed with an affinity without
1872 ** changing the affinity.
1873 **
1874 ** The SQLITE_NOTNULL flag is a combination of NULLEQ and JUMPIFNULL.
1875 ** It causes an assert() to fire if either operand to a comparison
1876 ** operator is NULL.  It is added to certain comparison operators to
1877 ** prove that the operands are always NOT NULL.
1878 */
1879 #define SQLITE_KEEPNULL     0x08  /* Used by vector == or <> */
1880 #define SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL   0x10  /* jumps if either operand is NULL */
1881 #define SQLITE_STOREP2      0x20  /* Store result in reg[P2] rather than jump */
1882 #define SQLITE_NULLEQ       0x80  /* NULL=NULL */
1883 #define SQLITE_NOTNULL      0x90  /* Assert that operands are never NULL */
1884 
1885 /*
1886 ** An object of this type is created for each virtual table present in
1887 ** the database schema.
1888 **
1889 ** If the database schema is shared, then there is one instance of this
1890 ** structure for each database connection (sqlite3*) that uses the shared
1891 ** schema. This is because each database connection requires its own unique
1892 ** instance of the sqlite3_vtab* handle used to access the virtual table
1893 ** implementation. sqlite3_vtab* handles can not be shared between
1894 ** database connections, even when the rest of the in-memory database
1895 ** schema is shared, as the implementation often stores the database
1896 ** connection handle passed to it via the xConnect() or xCreate() method
1897 ** during initialization internally. This database connection handle may
1898 ** then be used by the virtual table implementation to access real tables
1899 ** within the database. So that they appear as part of the callers
1900 ** transaction, these accesses need to be made via the same database
1901 ** connection as that used to execute SQL operations on the virtual table.
1902 **
1903 ** All VTable objects that correspond to a single table in a shared
1904 ** database schema are initially stored in a linked-list pointed to by
1905 ** the Table.pVTable member variable of the corresponding Table object.
1906 ** When an sqlite3_prepare() operation is required to access the virtual
1907 ** table, it searches the list for the VTable that corresponds to the
1908 ** database connection doing the preparing so as to use the correct
1909 ** sqlite3_vtab* handle in the compiled query.
1910 **
1911 ** When an in-memory Table object is deleted (for example when the
1912 ** schema is being reloaded for some reason), the VTable objects are not
1913 ** deleted and the sqlite3_vtab* handles are not xDisconnect()ed
1914 ** immediately. Instead, they are moved from the Table.pVTable list to
1915 ** another linked list headed by the sqlite3.pDisconnect member of the
1916 ** corresponding sqlite3 structure. They are then deleted/xDisconnected
1917 ** next time a statement is prepared using said sqlite3*. This is done
1918 ** to avoid deadlock issues involving multiple sqlite3.mutex mutexes.
1919 ** Refer to comments above function sqlite3VtabUnlockList() for an
1920 ** explanation as to why it is safe to add an entry to an sqlite3.pDisconnect
1921 ** list without holding the corresponding sqlite3.mutex mutex.
1922 **
1923 ** The memory for objects of this type is always allocated by
1924 ** sqlite3DbMalloc(), using the connection handle stored in VTable.db as
1925 ** the first argument.
1926 */
1927 struct VTable {
1928   sqlite3 *db;              /* Database connection associated with this table */
1929   Module *pMod;             /* Pointer to module implementation */
1930   sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Pointer to vtab instance */
1931   int nRef;                 /* Number of pointers to this structure */
1932   u8 bConstraint;           /* True if constraints are supported */
1933   int iSavepoint;           /* Depth of the SAVEPOINT stack */
1934   VTable *pNext;            /* Next in linked list (see above) */
1935 };
1936 
1937 /*
1938 ** The schema for each SQL table and view is represented in memory
1939 ** by an instance of the following structure.
1940 */
1941 struct Table {
1942   char *zName;         /* Name of the table or view */
1943   Column *aCol;        /* Information about each column */
1944   Index *pIndex;       /* List of SQL indexes on this table. */
1945   Select *pSelect;     /* NULL for tables.  Points to definition if a view. */
1946   FKey *pFKey;         /* Linked list of all foreign keys in this table */
1947   char *zColAff;       /* String defining the affinity of each column */
1948   ExprList *pCheck;    /* All CHECK constraints */
1949                        /*   ... also used as column name list in a VIEW */
1950   int tnum;            /* Root BTree page for this table */
1951   u32 nTabRef;         /* Number of pointers to this Table */
1952   u32 tabFlags;        /* Mask of TF_* values */
1953   i16 iPKey;           /* If not negative, use aCol[iPKey] as the rowid */
1954   i16 nCol;            /* Number of columns in this table */
1955   LogEst nRowLogEst;   /* Estimated rows in table - from sqlite_stat1 table */
1956   LogEst szTabRow;     /* Estimated size of each table row in bytes */
1957 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COSTMULT
1958   LogEst costMult;     /* Cost multiplier for using this table */
1959 #endif
1960   u8 keyConf;          /* What to do in case of uniqueness conflict on iPKey */
1961 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
1962   int addColOffset;    /* Offset in CREATE TABLE stmt to add a new column */
1963 #endif
1964 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
1965   int nModuleArg;      /* Number of arguments to the module */
1966   char **azModuleArg;  /* 0: module 1: schema 2: vtab name 3...: args */
1967   VTable *pVTable;     /* List of VTable objects. */
1968 #endif
1969   Trigger *pTrigger;   /* List of triggers stored in pSchema */
1970   Schema *pSchema;     /* Schema that contains this table */
1971   Table *pNextZombie;  /* Next on the Parse.pZombieTab list */
1972 };
1973 
1974 /*
1975 ** Allowed values for Table.tabFlags.
1976 **
1977 ** TF_OOOHidden applies to tables or view that have hidden columns that are
1978 ** followed by non-hidden columns.  Example:  "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x USING
1979 ** vtab1(a HIDDEN, b);".  Since "b" is a non-hidden column but "a" is hidden,
1980 ** the TF_OOOHidden attribute would apply in this case.  Such tables require
1981 ** special handling during INSERT processing.
1982 */
1983 #define TF_Readonly        0x0001    /* Read-only system table */
1984 #define TF_Ephemeral       0x0002    /* An ephemeral table */
1985 #define TF_HasPrimaryKey   0x0004    /* Table has a primary key */
1986 #define TF_Autoincrement   0x0008    /* Integer primary key is autoincrement */
1987 #define TF_HasStat1        0x0010    /* nRowLogEst set from sqlite_stat1 */
1988 #define TF_WithoutRowid    0x0020    /* No rowid.  PRIMARY KEY is the key */
1989 #define TF_NoVisibleRowid  0x0040    /* No user-visible "rowid" column */
1990 #define TF_OOOHidden       0x0080    /* Out-of-Order hidden columns */
1991 #define TF_StatsUsed       0x0100    /* Query planner decisions affected by
1992                                      ** Index.aiRowLogEst[] values */
1993 #define TF_HasNotNull      0x0200    /* Contains NOT NULL constraints */
1994 
1995 /*
1996 ** Test to see whether or not a table is a virtual table.  This is
1997 ** done as a macro so that it will be optimized out when virtual
1998 ** table support is omitted from the build.
1999 */
2000 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
2001 #  define IsVirtual(X)      ((X)->nModuleArg)
2002 #else
2003 #  define IsVirtual(X)      0
2004 #endif
2005 
2006 /*
2007 ** Macros to determine if a column is hidden.  IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn()
2008 ** only works for non-virtual tables (ordinary tables and views) and is
2009 ** always false unless SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS is defined.  The
2010 ** IsHiddenColumn() macro is general purpose.
2011 */
2012 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS)
2013 #  define IsHiddenColumn(X)         (((X)->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN)!=0)
2014 #  define IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(X) (((X)->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN)!=0)
2015 #elif !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
2016 #  define IsHiddenColumn(X)         (((X)->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN)!=0)
2017 #  define IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(X) 0
2018 #else
2019 #  define IsHiddenColumn(X)         0
2020 #  define IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(X) 0
2021 #endif
2022 
2023 
2024 /* Does the table have a rowid */
2025 #define HasRowid(X)     (((X)->tabFlags & TF_WithoutRowid)==0)
2026 #define VisibleRowid(X) (((X)->tabFlags & TF_NoVisibleRowid)==0)
2027 
2028 /*
2029 ** Each foreign key constraint is an instance of the following structure.
2030 **
2031 ** A foreign key is associated with two tables.  The "from" table is
2032 ** the table that contains the REFERENCES clause that creates the foreign
2033 ** key.  The "to" table is the table that is named in the REFERENCES clause.
2034 ** Consider this example:
2035 **
2036 **     CREATE TABLE ex1(
2037 **       a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
2038 **       b INTEGER CONSTRAINT fk1 REFERENCES ex2(x)
2039 **     );
2040 **
2041 ** For foreign key "fk1", the from-table is "ex1" and the to-table is "ex2".
2042 ** Equivalent names:
2043 **
2044 **     from-table == child-table
2045 **       to-table == parent-table
2046 **
2047 ** Each REFERENCES clause generates an instance of the following structure
2048 ** which is attached to the from-table.  The to-table need not exist when
2049 ** the from-table is created.  The existence of the to-table is not checked.
2050 **
2051 ** The list of all parents for child Table X is held at X.pFKey.
2052 **
2053 ** A list of all children for a table named Z (which might not even exist)
2054 ** is held in Schema.fkeyHash with a hash key of Z.
2055 */
2056 struct FKey {
2057   Table *pFrom;     /* Table containing the REFERENCES clause (aka: Child) */
2058   FKey *pNextFrom;  /* Next FKey with the same in pFrom. Next parent of pFrom */
2059   char *zTo;        /* Name of table that the key points to (aka: Parent) */
2060   FKey *pNextTo;    /* Next with the same zTo. Next child of zTo. */
2061   FKey *pPrevTo;    /* Previous with the same zTo */
2062   int nCol;         /* Number of columns in this key */
2063   /* EV: R-30323-21917 */
2064   u8 isDeferred;       /* True if constraint checking is deferred till COMMIT */
2065   u8 aAction[2];        /* ON DELETE and ON UPDATE actions, respectively */
2066   Trigger *apTrigger[2];/* Triggers for aAction[] actions */
2067   struct sColMap {      /* Mapping of columns in pFrom to columns in zTo */
2068     int iFrom;            /* Index of column in pFrom */
2069     char *zCol;           /* Name of column in zTo.  If NULL use PRIMARY KEY */
2070   } aCol[1];            /* One entry for each of nCol columns */
2071 };
2072 
2073 /*
2074 ** SQLite supports many different ways to resolve a constraint
2075 ** error.  ROLLBACK processing means that a constraint violation
2076 ** causes the operation in process to fail and for the current transaction
2077 ** to be rolled back.  ABORT processing means the operation in process
2078 ** fails and any prior changes from that one operation are backed out,
2079 ** but the transaction is not rolled back.  FAIL processing means that
2080 ** the operation in progress stops and returns an error code.  But prior
2081 ** changes due to the same operation are not backed out and no rollback
2082 ** occurs.  IGNORE means that the particular row that caused the constraint
2083 ** error is not inserted or updated.  Processing continues and no error
2084 ** is returned.  REPLACE means that preexisting database rows that caused
2085 ** a UNIQUE constraint violation are removed so that the new insert or
2086 ** update can proceed.  Processing continues and no error is reported.
2087 **
2088 ** RESTRICT, SETNULL, and CASCADE actions apply only to foreign keys.
2089 ** RESTRICT is the same as ABORT for IMMEDIATE foreign keys and the
2090 ** same as ROLLBACK for DEFERRED keys.  SETNULL means that the foreign
2091 ** key is set to NULL.  CASCADE means that a DELETE or UPDATE of the
2092 ** referenced table row is propagated into the row that holds the
2093 ** foreign key.
2094 **
2095 ** The following symbolic values are used to record which type
2096 ** of action to take.
2097 */
2098 #define OE_None     0   /* There is no constraint to check */
2099 #define OE_Rollback 1   /* Fail the operation and rollback the transaction */
2100 #define OE_Abort    2   /* Back out changes but do no rollback transaction */
2101 #define OE_Fail     3   /* Stop the operation but leave all prior changes */
2102 #define OE_Ignore   4   /* Ignore the error. Do not do the INSERT or UPDATE */
2103 #define OE_Replace  5   /* Delete existing record, then do INSERT or UPDATE */
2104 #define OE_Update   6   /* Process as a DO UPDATE in an upsert */
2105 #define OE_Restrict 7   /* OE_Abort for IMMEDIATE, OE_Rollback for DEFERRED */
2106 #define OE_SetNull  8   /* Set the foreign key value to NULL */
2107 #define OE_SetDflt  9   /* Set the foreign key value to its default */
2108 #define OE_Cascade  10  /* Cascade the changes */
2109 #define OE_Default  11  /* Do whatever the default action is */
2110 
2111 
2112 /*
2113 ** An instance of the following structure is passed as the first
2114 ** argument to sqlite3VdbeKeyCompare and is used to control the
2115 ** comparison of the two index keys.
2116 **
2117 ** Note that aSortOrder[] and aColl[] have nField+1 slots.  There
2118 ** are nField slots for the columns of an index then one extra slot
2119 ** for the rowid at the end.
2120 */
2121 struct KeyInfo {
2122   u32 nRef;           /* Number of references to this KeyInfo object */
2123   u8 enc;             /* Text encoding - one of the SQLITE_UTF* values */
2124   u16 nKeyField;      /* Number of key columns in the index */
2125   u16 nAllField;      /* Total columns, including key plus others */
2126   sqlite3 *db;        /* The database connection */
2127   u8 *aSortOrder;     /* Sort order for each column. */
2128   CollSeq *aColl[1];  /* Collating sequence for each term of the key */
2129 };
2130 
2131 /*
2132 ** This object holds a record which has been parsed out into individual
2133 ** fields, for the purposes of doing a comparison.
2134 **
2135 ** A record is an object that contains one or more fields of data.
2136 ** Records are used to store the content of a table row and to store
2137 ** the key of an index.  A blob encoding of a record is created by
2138 ** the OP_MakeRecord opcode of the VDBE and is disassembled by the
2139 ** OP_Column opcode.
2140 **
2141 ** An instance of this object serves as a "key" for doing a search on
2142 ** an index b+tree. The goal of the search is to find the entry that
2143 ** is closed to the key described by this object.  This object might hold
2144 ** just a prefix of the key.  The number of fields is given by
2145 ** pKeyInfo->nField.
2146 **
2147 ** The r1 and r2 fields are the values to return if this key is less than
2148 ** or greater than a key in the btree, respectively.  These are normally
2149 ** -1 and +1 respectively, but might be inverted to +1 and -1 if the b-tree
2150 ** is in DESC order.
2151 **
2152 ** The key comparison functions actually return default_rc when they find
2153 ** an equals comparison.  default_rc can be -1, 0, or +1.  If there are
2154 ** multiple entries in the b-tree with the same key (when only looking
2155 ** at the first pKeyInfo->nFields,) then default_rc can be set to -1 to
2156 ** cause the search to find the last match, or +1 to cause the search to
2157 ** find the first match.
2158 **
2159 ** The key comparison functions will set eqSeen to true if they ever
2160 ** get and equal results when comparing this structure to a b-tree record.
2161 ** When default_rc!=0, the search might end up on the record immediately
2162 ** before the first match or immediately after the last match.  The
2163 ** eqSeen field will indicate whether or not an exact match exists in the
2164 ** b-tree.
2165 */
2166 struct UnpackedRecord {
2167   KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;  /* Collation and sort-order information */
2168   Mem *aMem;          /* Values */
2169   u16 nField;         /* Number of entries in apMem[] */
2170   i8 default_rc;      /* Comparison result if keys are equal */
2171   u8 errCode;         /* Error detected by xRecordCompare (CORRUPT or NOMEM) */
2172   i8 r1;              /* Value to return if (lhs < rhs) */
2173   i8 r2;              /* Value to return if (lhs > rhs) */
2174   u8 eqSeen;          /* True if an equality comparison has been seen */
2175 };
2176 
2177 
2178 /*
2179 ** Each SQL index is represented in memory by an
2180 ** instance of the following structure.
2181 **
2182 ** The columns of the table that are to be indexed are described
2183 ** by the aiColumn[] field of this structure.  For example, suppose
2184 ** we have the following table and index:
2185 **
2186 **     CREATE TABLE Ex1(c1 int, c2 int, c3 text);
2187 **     CREATE INDEX Ex2 ON Ex1(c3,c1);
2188 **
2189 ** In the Table structure describing Ex1, nCol==3 because there are
2190 ** three columns in the table.  In the Index structure describing
2191 ** Ex2, nColumn==2 since 2 of the 3 columns of Ex1 are indexed.
2192 ** The value of aiColumn is {2, 0}.  aiColumn[0]==2 because the
2193 ** first column to be indexed (c3) has an index of 2 in Ex1.aCol[].
2194 ** The second column to be indexed (c1) has an index of 0 in
2195 ** Ex1.aCol[], hence Ex2.aiColumn[1]==0.
2196 **
2197 ** The Index.onError field determines whether or not the indexed columns
2198 ** must be unique and what to do if they are not.  When Index.onError=OE_None,
2199 ** it means this is not a unique index.  Otherwise it is a unique index
2200 ** and the value of Index.onError indicate the which conflict resolution
2201 ** algorithm to employ whenever an attempt is made to insert a non-unique
2202 ** element.
2203 **
2204 ** While parsing a CREATE TABLE or CREATE INDEX statement in order to
2205 ** generate VDBE code (as opposed to parsing one read from an sqlite_master
2206 ** table as part of parsing an existing database schema), transient instances
2207 ** of this structure may be created. In this case the Index.tnum variable is
2208 ** used to store the address of a VDBE instruction, not a database page
2209 ** number (it cannot - the database page is not allocated until the VDBE
2210 ** program is executed). See convertToWithoutRowidTable() for details.
2211 */
2212 struct Index {
2213   char *zName;             /* Name of this index */
2214   i16 *aiColumn;           /* Which columns are used by this index.  1st is 0 */
2215   LogEst *aiRowLogEst;     /* From ANALYZE: Est. rows selected by each column */
2216   Table *pTable;           /* The SQL table being indexed */
2217   char *zColAff;           /* String defining the affinity of each column */
2218   Index *pNext;            /* The next index associated with the same table */
2219   Schema *pSchema;         /* Schema containing this index */
2220   u8 *aSortOrder;          /* for each column: True==DESC, False==ASC */
2221   const char **azColl;     /* Array of collation sequence names for index */
2222   Expr *pPartIdxWhere;     /* WHERE clause for partial indices */
2223   ExprList *aColExpr;      /* Column expressions */
2224   int tnum;                /* DB Page containing root of this index */
2225   LogEst szIdxRow;         /* Estimated average row size in bytes */
2226   u16 nKeyCol;             /* Number of columns forming the key */
2227   u16 nColumn;             /* Number of columns stored in the index */
2228   u8 onError;              /* OE_Abort, OE_Ignore, OE_Replace, or OE_None */
2229   unsigned idxType:2;      /* 1==UNIQUE, 2==PRIMARY KEY, 0==CREATE INDEX */
2230   unsigned bUnordered:1;   /* Use this index for == or IN queries only */
2231   unsigned uniqNotNull:1;  /* True if UNIQUE and NOT NULL for all columns */
2232   unsigned isResized:1;    /* True if resizeIndexObject() has been called */
2233   unsigned isCovering:1;   /* True if this is a covering index */
2234   unsigned noSkipScan:1;   /* Do not try to use skip-scan if true */
2235   unsigned hasStat1:1;     /* aiRowLogEst values come from sqlite_stat1 */
2236   unsigned bNoQuery:1;     /* Do not use this index to optimize queries */
2237 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
2238   int nSample;             /* Number of elements in aSample[] */
2239   int nSampleCol;          /* Size of IndexSample.anEq[] and so on */
2240   tRowcnt *aAvgEq;         /* Average nEq values for keys not in aSample */
2241   IndexSample *aSample;    /* Samples of the left-most key */
2242   tRowcnt *aiRowEst;       /* Non-logarithmic stat1 data for this index */
2243   tRowcnt nRowEst0;        /* Non-logarithmic number of rows in the index */
2244 #endif
2245   Bitmask colNotIdxed;     /* 0 for unindexed columns in pTab */
2246 };
2247 
2248 /*
2249 ** Allowed values for Index.idxType
2250 */
2251 #define SQLITE_IDXTYPE_APPDEF      0   /* Created using CREATE INDEX */
2252 #define SQLITE_IDXTYPE_UNIQUE      1   /* Implements a UNIQUE constraint */
2253 #define SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY  2   /* Is the PRIMARY KEY for the table */
2254 
2255 /* Return true if index X is a PRIMARY KEY index */
2256 #define IsPrimaryKeyIndex(X)  ((X)->idxType==SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY)
2257 
2258 /* Return true if index X is a UNIQUE index */
2259 #define IsUniqueIndex(X)      ((X)->onError!=OE_None)
2260 
2261 /* The Index.aiColumn[] values are normally positive integer.  But
2262 ** there are some negative values that have special meaning:
2263 */
2264 #define XN_ROWID     (-1)     /* Indexed column is the rowid */
2265 #define XN_EXPR      (-2)     /* Indexed column is an expression */
2266 
2267 /*
2268 ** Each sample stored in the sqlite_stat3 table is represented in memory
2269 ** using a structure of this type.  See documentation at the top of the
2270 ** analyze.c source file for additional information.
2271 */
2272 struct IndexSample {
2273   void *p;          /* Pointer to sampled record */
2274   int n;            /* Size of record in bytes */
2275   tRowcnt *anEq;    /* Est. number of rows where the key equals this sample */
2276   tRowcnt *anLt;    /* Est. number of rows where key is less than this sample */
2277   tRowcnt *anDLt;   /* Est. number of distinct keys less than this sample */
2278 };
2279 
2280 /*
2281 ** Each token coming out of the lexer is an instance of
2282 ** this structure.  Tokens are also used as part of an expression.
2283 **
2284 ** Note if Token.z==0 then Token.dyn and Token.n are undefined and
2285 ** may contain random values.  Do not make any assumptions about Token.dyn
2286 ** and Token.n when Token.z==0.
2287 */
2288 struct Token {
2289   const char *z;     /* Text of the token.  Not NULL-terminated! */
2290   unsigned int n;    /* Number of characters in this token */
2291 };
2292 
2293 /*
2294 ** An instance of this structure contains information needed to generate
2295 ** code for a SELECT that contains aggregate functions.
2296 **
2297 ** If Expr.op==TK_AGG_COLUMN or TK_AGG_FUNCTION then Expr.pAggInfo is a
2298 ** pointer to this structure.  The Expr.iColumn field is the index in
2299 ** AggInfo.aCol[] or AggInfo.aFunc[] of information needed to generate
2300 ** code for that node.
2301 **
2302 ** AggInfo.pGroupBy and AggInfo.aFunc.pExpr point to fields within the
2303 ** original Select structure that describes the SELECT statement.  These
2304 ** fields do not need to be freed when deallocating the AggInfo structure.
2305 */
2306 struct AggInfo {
2307   u8 directMode;          /* Direct rendering mode means take data directly
2308                           ** from source tables rather than from accumulators */
2309   u8 useSortingIdx;       /* In direct mode, reference the sorting index rather
2310                           ** than the source table */
2311   int sortingIdx;         /* Cursor number of the sorting index */
2312   int sortingIdxPTab;     /* Cursor number of pseudo-table */
2313   int nSortingColumn;     /* Number of columns in the sorting index */
2314   int mnReg, mxReg;       /* Range of registers allocated for aCol and aFunc */
2315   ExprList *pGroupBy;     /* The group by clause */
2316   struct AggInfo_col {    /* For each column used in source tables */
2317     Table *pTab;             /* Source table */
2318     int iTable;              /* Cursor number of the source table */
2319     int iColumn;             /* Column number within the source table */
2320     int iSorterColumn;       /* Column number in the sorting index */
2321     int iMem;                /* Memory location that acts as accumulator */
2322     Expr *pExpr;             /* The original expression */
2323   } *aCol;
2324   int nColumn;            /* Number of used entries in aCol[] */
2325   int nAccumulator;       /* Number of columns that show through to the output.
2326                           ** Additional columns are used only as parameters to
2327                           ** aggregate functions */
2328   struct AggInfo_func {   /* For each aggregate function */
2329     Expr *pExpr;             /* Expression encoding the function */
2330     FuncDef *pFunc;          /* The aggregate function implementation */
2331     int iMem;                /* Memory location that acts as accumulator */
2332     int iDistinct;           /* Ephemeral table used to enforce DISTINCT */
2333   } *aFunc;
2334   int nFunc;              /* Number of entries in aFunc[] */
2335 };
2336 
2337 /*
2338 ** The datatype ynVar is a signed integer, either 16-bit or 32-bit.
2339 ** Usually it is 16-bits.  But if SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER is greater
2340 ** than 32767 we have to make it 32-bit.  16-bit is preferred because
2341 ** it uses less memory in the Expr object, which is a big memory user
2342 ** in systems with lots of prepared statements.  And few applications
2343 ** need more than about 10 or 20 variables.  But some extreme users want
2344 ** to have prepared statements with over 32767 variables, and for them
2345 ** the option is available (at compile-time).
2346 */
2347 #if SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER<=32767
2348 typedef i16 ynVar;
2349 #else
2350 typedef int ynVar;
2351 #endif
2352 
2353 /*
2354 ** Each node of an expression in the parse tree is an instance
2355 ** of this structure.
2356 **
2357 ** Expr.op is the opcode. The integer parser token codes are reused
2358 ** as opcodes here. For example, the parser defines TK_GE to be an integer
2359 ** code representing the ">=" operator. This same integer code is reused
2360 ** to represent the greater-than-or-equal-to operator in the expression
2361 ** tree.
2362 **
2363 ** If the expression is an SQL literal (TK_INTEGER, TK_FLOAT, TK_BLOB,
2364 ** or TK_STRING), then Expr.token contains the text of the SQL literal. If
2365 ** the expression is a variable (TK_VARIABLE), then Expr.token contains the
2366 ** variable name. Finally, if the expression is an SQL function (TK_FUNCTION),
2367 ** then Expr.token contains the name of the function.
2368 **
2369 ** Expr.pRight and Expr.pLeft are the left and right subexpressions of a
2370 ** binary operator. Either or both may be NULL.
2371 **
2372 ** Expr.x.pList is a list of arguments if the expression is an SQL function,
2373 ** a CASE expression or an IN expression of the form "<lhs> IN (<y>, <z>...)".
2374 ** Expr.x.pSelect is used if the expression is a sub-select or an expression of
2375 ** the form "<lhs> IN (SELECT ...)". If the EP_xIsSelect bit is set in the
2376 ** Expr.flags mask, then Expr.x.pSelect is valid. Otherwise, Expr.x.pList is
2377 ** valid.
2378 **
2379 ** An expression of the form ID or ID.ID refers to a column in a table.
2380 ** For such expressions, Expr.op is set to TK_COLUMN and Expr.iTable is
2381 ** the integer cursor number of a VDBE cursor pointing to that table and
2382 ** Expr.iColumn is the column number for the specific column.  If the
2383 ** expression is used as a result in an aggregate SELECT, then the
2384 ** value is also stored in the Expr.iAgg column in the aggregate so that
2385 ** it can be accessed after all aggregates are computed.
2386 **
2387 ** If the expression is an unbound variable marker (a question mark
2388 ** character '?' in the original SQL) then the Expr.iTable holds the index
2389 ** number for that variable.
2390 **
2391 ** If the expression is a subquery then Expr.iColumn holds an integer
2392 ** register number containing the result of the subquery.  If the
2393 ** subquery gives a constant result, then iTable is -1.  If the subquery
2394 ** gives a different answer at different times during statement processing
2395 ** then iTable is the address of a subroutine that computes the subquery.
2396 **
2397 ** If the Expr is of type OP_Column, and the table it is selecting from
2398 ** is a disk table or the "old.*" pseudo-table, then pTab points to the
2399 ** corresponding table definition.
2400 **
2401 ** ALLOCATION NOTES:
2402 **
2403 ** Expr objects can use a lot of memory space in database schema.  To
2404 ** help reduce memory requirements, sometimes an Expr object will be
2405 ** truncated.  And to reduce the number of memory allocations, sometimes
2406 ** two or more Expr objects will be stored in a single memory allocation,
2407 ** together with Expr.zToken strings.
2408 **
2409 ** If the EP_Reduced and EP_TokenOnly flags are set when
2410 ** an Expr object is truncated.  When EP_Reduced is set, then all
2411 ** the child Expr objects in the Expr.pLeft and Expr.pRight subtrees
2412 ** are contained within the same memory allocation.  Note, however, that
2413 ** the subtrees in Expr.x.pList or Expr.x.pSelect are always separately
2414 ** allocated, regardless of whether or not EP_Reduced is set.
2415 */
2416 struct Expr {
2417   u8 op;                 /* Operation performed by this node */
2418   char affinity;         /* The affinity of the column or 0 if not a column */
2419   u32 flags;             /* Various flags.  EP_* See below */
2420   union {
2421     char *zToken;          /* Token value. Zero terminated and dequoted */
2422     int iValue;            /* Non-negative integer value if EP_IntValue */
2423   } u;
2424 
2425   /* If the EP_TokenOnly flag is set in the Expr.flags mask, then no
2426   ** space is allocated for the fields below this point. An attempt to
2427   ** access them will result in a segfault or malfunction.
2428   *********************************************************************/
2429 
2430   Expr *pLeft;           /* Left subnode */
2431   Expr *pRight;          /* Right subnode */
2432   union {
2433     ExprList *pList;     /* op = IN, EXISTS, SELECT, CASE, FUNCTION, BETWEEN */
2434     Select *pSelect;     /* EP_xIsSelect and op = IN, EXISTS, SELECT */
2435   } x;
2436 
2437   /* If the EP_Reduced flag is set in the Expr.flags mask, then no
2438   ** space is allocated for the fields below this point. An attempt to
2439   ** access them will result in a segfault or malfunction.
2440   *********************************************************************/
2441 
2442 #if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
2443   int nHeight;           /* Height of the tree headed by this node */
2444 #endif
2445   int iTable;            /* TK_COLUMN: cursor number of table holding column
2446                          ** TK_REGISTER: register number
2447                          ** TK_TRIGGER: 1 -> new, 0 -> old
2448                          ** EP_Unlikely:  134217728 times likelihood
2449                          ** TK_SELECT: 1st register of result vector */
2450   ynVar iColumn;         /* TK_COLUMN: column index.  -1 for rowid.
2451                          ** TK_VARIABLE: variable number (always >= 1).
2452                          ** TK_SELECT_COLUMN: column of the result vector */
2453   i16 iAgg;              /* Which entry in pAggInfo->aCol[] or ->aFunc[] */
2454   i16 iRightJoinTable;   /* If EP_FromJoin, the right table of the join */
2455   u8 op2;                /* TK_REGISTER: original value of Expr.op
2456                          ** TK_COLUMN: the value of p5 for OP_Column
2457                          ** TK_AGG_FUNCTION: nesting depth */
2458   AggInfo *pAggInfo;     /* Used by TK_AGG_COLUMN and TK_AGG_FUNCTION */
2459   Table *pTab;           /* Table for TK_COLUMN expressions.  Can be NULL
2460                          ** for a column of an index on an expression */
2461 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
2462   Window *pWin;          /* Window definition for window functions */
2463 #endif
2464 };
2465 
2466 /*
2467 ** The following are the meanings of bits in the Expr.flags field.
2468 */
2469 #define EP_FromJoin  0x000001 /* Originates in ON/USING clause of outer join */
2470 #define EP_Agg       0x000002 /* Contains one or more aggregate functions */
2471 #define EP_HasFunc   0x000004 /* Contains one or more functions of any kind */
2472 #define EP_FixedCol  0x000008 /* TK_Column with a known fixed value */
2473 #define EP_Distinct  0x000010 /* Aggregate function with DISTINCT keyword */
2474 #define EP_VarSelect 0x000020 /* pSelect is correlated, not constant */
2475 #define EP_DblQuoted 0x000040 /* token.z was originally in "..." */
2476 #define EP_InfixFunc 0x000080 /* True for an infix function: LIKE, GLOB, etc */
2477 #define EP_Collate   0x000100 /* Tree contains a TK_COLLATE operator */
2478 #define EP_Generic   0x000200 /* Ignore COLLATE or affinity on this tree */
2479 #define EP_IntValue  0x000400 /* Integer value contained in u.iValue */
2480 #define EP_xIsSelect 0x000800 /* x.pSelect is valid (otherwise x.pList is) */
2481 #define EP_Skip      0x001000 /* COLLATE, AS, or UNLIKELY */
2482 #define EP_Reduced   0x002000 /* Expr struct EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE bytes only */
2483 #define EP_TokenOnly 0x004000 /* Expr struct EXPR_TOKENONLYSIZE bytes only */
2484 #define EP_Static    0x008000 /* Held in memory not obtained from malloc() */
2485 #define EP_MemToken  0x010000 /* Need to sqlite3DbFree() Expr.zToken */
2486 #define EP_NoReduce  0x020000 /* Cannot EXPRDUP_REDUCE this Expr */
2487 #define EP_Unlikely  0x040000 /* unlikely() or likelihood() function */
2488 #define EP_ConstFunc 0x080000 /* A SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT or _SLOCHNG function */
2489 #define EP_CanBeNull 0x100000 /* Can be null despite NOT NULL constraint */
2490 #define EP_Subquery  0x200000 /* Tree contains a TK_SELECT operator */
2491 #define EP_Alias     0x400000 /* Is an alias for a result set column */
2492 #define EP_Leaf      0x800000 /* Expr.pLeft, .pRight, .u.pSelect all NULL */
2493 
2494 /*
2495 ** The EP_Propagate mask is a set of properties that automatically propagate
2496 ** upwards into parent nodes.
2497 */
2498 #define EP_Propagate (EP_Collate|EP_Subquery|EP_HasFunc)
2499 
2500 /*
2501 ** These macros can be used to test, set, or clear bits in the
2502 ** Expr.flags field.
2503 */
2504 #define ExprHasProperty(E,P)     (((E)->flags&(P))!=0)
2505 #define ExprHasAllProperty(E,P)  (((E)->flags&(P))==(P))
2506 #define ExprSetProperty(E,P)     (E)->flags|=(P)
2507 #define ExprClearProperty(E,P)   (E)->flags&=~(P)
2508 
2509 /* The ExprSetVVAProperty() macro is used for Verification, Validation,
2510 ** and Accreditation only.  It works like ExprSetProperty() during VVA
2511 ** processes but is a no-op for delivery.
2512 */
2513 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
2514 # define ExprSetVVAProperty(E,P)  (E)->flags|=(P)
2515 #else
2516 # define ExprSetVVAProperty(E,P)
2517 #endif
2518 
2519 /*
2520 ** Macros to determine the number of bytes required by a normal Expr
2521 ** struct, an Expr struct with the EP_Reduced flag set in Expr.flags
2522 ** and an Expr struct with the EP_TokenOnly flag set.
2523 */
2524 #define EXPR_FULLSIZE           sizeof(Expr)           /* Full size */
2525 #define EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE        offsetof(Expr,iTable)  /* Common features */
2526 #define EXPR_TOKENONLYSIZE      offsetof(Expr,pLeft)   /* Fewer features */
2527 
2528 /*
2529 ** Flags passed to the sqlite3ExprDup() function. See the header comment
2530 ** above sqlite3ExprDup() for details.
2531 */
2532 #define EXPRDUP_REDUCE         0x0001  /* Used reduced-size Expr nodes */
2533 
2534 /*
2535 ** A list of expressions.  Each expression may optionally have a
2536 ** name.  An expr/name combination can be used in several ways, such
2537 ** as the list of "expr AS ID" fields following a "SELECT" or in the
2538 ** list of "ID = expr" items in an UPDATE.  A list of expressions can
2539 ** also be used as the argument to a function, in which case the a.zName
2540 ** field is not used.
2541 **
2542 ** By default the Expr.zSpan field holds a human-readable description of
2543 ** the expression that is used in the generation of error messages and
2544 ** column labels.  In this case, Expr.zSpan is typically the text of a
2545 ** column expression as it exists in a SELECT statement.  However, if
2546 ** the bSpanIsTab flag is set, then zSpan is overloaded to mean the name
2547 ** of the result column in the form: DATABASE.TABLE.COLUMN.  This later
2548 ** form is used for name resolution with nested FROM clauses.
2549 */
2550 struct ExprList {
2551   int nExpr;             /* Number of expressions on the list */
2552   struct ExprList_item { /* For each expression in the list */
2553     Expr *pExpr;            /* The parse tree for this expression */
2554     char *zName;            /* Token associated with this expression */
2555     char *zSpan;            /* Original text of the expression */
2556     u8 sortOrder;           /* 1 for DESC or 0 for ASC */
2557     unsigned done :1;       /* A flag to indicate when processing is finished */
2558     unsigned bSpanIsTab :1; /* zSpan holds DB.TABLE.COLUMN */
2559     unsigned reusable :1;   /* Constant expression is reusable */
2560     unsigned bSorterRef :1; /* Defer evaluation until after sorting */
2561     union {
2562       struct {
2563         u16 iOrderByCol;      /* For ORDER BY, column number in result set */
2564         u16 iAlias;           /* Index into Parse.aAlias[] for zName */
2565       } x;
2566       int iConstExprReg;      /* Register in which Expr value is cached */
2567     } u;
2568   } a[1];                  /* One slot for each expression in the list */
2569 };
2570 
2571 /*
2572 ** An instance of this structure can hold a simple list of identifiers,
2573 ** such as the list "a,b,c" in the following statements:
2574 **
2575 **      INSERT INTO t(a,b,c) VALUES ...;
2576 **      CREATE INDEX idx ON t(a,b,c);
2577 **      CREATE TRIGGER trig BEFORE UPDATE ON t(a,b,c) ...;
2578 **
2579 ** The IdList.a.idx field is used when the IdList represents the list of
2580 ** column names after a table name in an INSERT statement.  In the statement
2581 **
2582 **     INSERT INTO t(a,b,c) ...
2583 **
2584 ** If "a" is the k-th column of table "t", then IdList.a[0].idx==k.
2585 */
2586 struct IdList {
2587   struct IdList_item {
2588     char *zName;      /* Name of the identifier */
2589     int idx;          /* Index in some Table.aCol[] of a column named zName */
2590   } *a;
2591   int nId;         /* Number of identifiers on the list */
2592 };
2593 
2594 /*
2595 ** The following structure describes the FROM clause of a SELECT statement.
2596 ** Each table or subquery in the FROM clause is a separate element of
2597 ** the SrcList.a[] array.
2598 **
2599 ** With the addition of multiple database support, the following structure
2600 ** can also be used to describe a particular table such as the table that
2601 ** is modified by an INSERT, DELETE, or UPDATE statement.  In standard SQL,
2602 ** such a table must be a simple name: ID.  But in SQLite, the table can
2603 ** now be identified by a database name, a dot, then the table name: ID.ID.
2604 **
2605 ** The jointype starts out showing the join type between the current table
2606 ** and the next table on the list.  The parser builds the list this way.
2607 ** But sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType() later shifts the jointypes so that each
2608 ** jointype expresses the join between the table and the previous table.
2609 **
2610 ** In the colUsed field, the high-order bit (bit 63) is set if the table
2611 ** contains more than 63 columns and the 64-th or later column is used.
2612 */
2613 struct SrcList {
2614   int nSrc;        /* Number of tables or subqueries in the FROM clause */
2615   u32 nAlloc;      /* Number of entries allocated in a[] below */
2616   struct SrcList_item {
2617     Schema *pSchema;  /* Schema to which this item is fixed */
2618     char *zDatabase;  /* Name of database holding this table */
2619     char *zName;      /* Name of the table */
2620     char *zAlias;     /* The "B" part of a "A AS B" phrase.  zName is the "A" */
2621     Table *pTab;      /* An SQL table corresponding to zName */
2622     Select *pSelect;  /* A SELECT statement used in place of a table name */
2623     int addrFillSub;  /* Address of subroutine to manifest a subquery */
2624     int regReturn;    /* Register holding return address of addrFillSub */
2625     int regResult;    /* Registers holding results of a co-routine */
2626     struct {
2627       u8 jointype;      /* Type of join between this table and the previous */
2628       unsigned notIndexed :1;    /* True if there is a NOT INDEXED clause */
2629       unsigned isIndexedBy :1;   /* True if there is an INDEXED BY clause */
2630       unsigned isTabFunc :1;     /* True if table-valued-function syntax */
2631       unsigned isCorrelated :1;  /* True if sub-query is correlated */
2632       unsigned viaCoroutine :1;  /* Implemented as a co-routine */
2633       unsigned isRecursive :1;   /* True for recursive reference in WITH */
2634     } fg;
2635     int iCursor;      /* The VDBE cursor number used to access this table */
2636     Expr *pOn;        /* The ON clause of a join */
2637     IdList *pUsing;   /* The USING clause of a join */
2638     Bitmask colUsed;  /* Bit N (1<<N) set if column N of pTab is used */
2639     union {
2640       char *zIndexedBy;    /* Identifier from "INDEXED BY <zIndex>" clause */
2641       ExprList *pFuncArg;  /* Arguments to table-valued-function */
2642     } u1;
2643     Index *pIBIndex;  /* Index structure corresponding to u1.zIndexedBy */
2644   } a[1];             /* One entry for each identifier on the list */
2645 };
2646 
2647 /*
2648 ** Permitted values of the SrcList.a.jointype field
2649 */
2650 #define JT_INNER     0x0001    /* Any kind of inner or cross join */
2651 #define JT_CROSS     0x0002    /* Explicit use of the CROSS keyword */
2652 #define JT_NATURAL   0x0004    /* True for a "natural" join */
2653 #define JT_LEFT      0x0008    /* Left outer join */
2654 #define JT_RIGHT     0x0010    /* Right outer join */
2655 #define JT_OUTER     0x0020    /* The "OUTER" keyword is present */
2656 #define JT_ERROR     0x0040    /* unknown or unsupported join type */
2657 
2658 
2659 /*
2660 ** Flags appropriate for the wctrlFlags parameter of sqlite3WhereBegin()
2661 ** and the WhereInfo.wctrlFlags member.
2662 **
2663 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
2664 **     WHERE_USE_LIMIT  == SF_FixedLimit
2665 */
2666 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_NORMAL   0x0000 /* No-op */
2667 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN      0x0001 /* ORDER BY processing for min() func */
2668 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_MAX      0x0002 /* ORDER BY processing for max() func */
2669 #define WHERE_ONEPASS_DESIRED  0x0004 /* Want to do one-pass UPDATE/DELETE */
2670 #define WHERE_ONEPASS_MULTIROW 0x0008 /* ONEPASS is ok with multiple rows */
2671 #define WHERE_DUPLICATES_OK    0x0010 /* Ok to return a row more than once */
2672 #define WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE     0x0020 /* Processing a sub-WHERE as part of
2673                                       ** the OR optimization  */
2674 #define WHERE_GROUPBY          0x0040 /* pOrderBy is really a GROUP BY */
2675 #define WHERE_DISTINCTBY       0x0080 /* pOrderby is really a DISTINCT clause */
2676 #define WHERE_WANT_DISTINCT    0x0100 /* All output needs to be distinct */
2677 #define WHERE_SORTBYGROUP      0x0200 /* Support sqlite3WhereIsSorted() */
2678 #define WHERE_SEEK_TABLE       0x0400 /* Do not defer seeks on main table */
2679 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_LIMIT    0x0800 /* ORDERBY+LIMIT on the inner loop */
2680 #define WHERE_SEEK_UNIQ_TABLE  0x1000 /* Do not defer seeks if unique */
2681                         /*     0x2000    not currently used */
2682 #define WHERE_USE_LIMIT        0x4000 /* Use the LIMIT in cost estimates */
2683                         /*     0x8000    not currently used */
2684 
2685 /* Allowed return values from sqlite3WhereIsDistinct()
2686 */
2687 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_NOOP      0  /* DISTINCT keyword not used */
2688 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_UNIQUE    1  /* No duplicates */
2689 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_ORDERED   2  /* All duplicates are adjacent */
2690 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_UNORDERED 3  /* Duplicates are scattered */
2691 
2692 /*
2693 ** A NameContext defines a context in which to resolve table and column
2694 ** names.  The context consists of a list of tables (the pSrcList) field and
2695 ** a list of named expression (pEList).  The named expression list may
2696 ** be NULL.  The pSrc corresponds to the FROM clause of a SELECT or
2697 ** to the table being operated on by INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE.  The
2698 ** pEList corresponds to the result set of a SELECT and is NULL for
2699 ** other statements.
2700 **
2701 ** NameContexts can be nested.  When resolving names, the inner-most
2702 ** context is searched first.  If no match is found, the next outer
2703 ** context is checked.  If there is still no match, the next context
2704 ** is checked.  This process continues until either a match is found
2705 ** or all contexts are check.  When a match is found, the nRef member of
2706 ** the context containing the match is incremented.
2707 **
2708 ** Each subquery gets a new NameContext.  The pNext field points to the
2709 ** NameContext in the parent query.  Thus the process of scanning the
2710 ** NameContext list corresponds to searching through successively outer
2711 ** subqueries looking for a match.
2712 */
2713 struct NameContext {
2714   Parse *pParse;       /* The parser */
2715   SrcList *pSrcList;   /* One or more tables used to resolve names */
2716   union {
2717     ExprList *pEList;    /* Optional list of result-set columns */
2718     AggInfo *pAggInfo;   /* Information about aggregates at this level */
2719     Upsert *pUpsert;     /* ON CONFLICT clause information from an upsert */
2720   } uNC;
2721   NameContext *pNext;  /* Next outer name context.  NULL for outermost */
2722   int nRef;            /* Number of names resolved by this context */
2723   int nErr;            /* Number of errors encountered while resolving names */
2724   u16 ncFlags;         /* Zero or more NC_* flags defined below */
2725   Select *pWinSelect;  /* SELECT statement for any window functions */
2726 };
2727 
2728 /*
2729 ** Allowed values for the NameContext, ncFlags field.
2730 **
2731 ** Value constraints (all checked via assert()):
2732 **    NC_HasAgg    == SF_HasAgg
2733 **    NC_MinMaxAgg == SF_MinMaxAgg == SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX
2734 **
2735 */
2736 #define NC_AllowAgg  0x0001  /* Aggregate functions are allowed here */
2737 #define NC_PartIdx   0x0002  /* True if resolving a partial index WHERE */
2738 #define NC_IsCheck   0x0004  /* True if resolving names in a CHECK constraint */
2739 #define NC_InAggFunc 0x0008  /* True if analyzing arguments to an agg func */
2740 #define NC_HasAgg    0x0010  /* One or more aggregate functions seen */
2741 #define NC_IdxExpr   0x0020  /* True if resolving columns of CREATE INDEX */
2742 #define NC_VarSelect 0x0040  /* A correlated subquery has been seen */
2743 #define NC_UEList    0x0080  /* True if uNC.pEList is used */
2744 #define NC_UAggInfo  0x0100  /* True if uNC.pAggInfo is used */
2745 #define NC_UUpsert   0x0200  /* True if uNC.pUpsert is used */
2746 #define NC_MinMaxAgg 0x1000  /* min/max aggregates seen.  See note above */
2747 #define NC_Complex   0x2000  /* True if a function or subquery seen */
2748 #define NC_AllowWin  0x4000  /* Window functions are allowed here */
2749 
2750 /*
2751 ** An instance of the following object describes a single ON CONFLICT
2752 ** clause in an upsert.
2753 **
2754 ** The pUpsertTarget field is only set if the ON CONFLICT clause includes
2755 ** conflict-target clause.  (In "ON CONFLICT(a,b)" the "(a,b)" is the
2756 ** conflict-target clause.)  The pUpsertTargetWhere is the optional
2757 ** WHERE clause used to identify partial unique indexes.
2758 **
2759 ** pUpsertSet is the list of column=expr terms of the UPDATE statement.
2760 ** The pUpsertSet field is NULL for a ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING.  The
2761 ** pUpsertWhere is the WHERE clause for the UPDATE and is NULL if the
2762 ** WHERE clause is omitted.
2763 */
2764 struct Upsert {
2765   ExprList *pUpsertTarget;  /* Optional description of conflicting index */
2766   Expr *pUpsertTargetWhere; /* WHERE clause for partial index targets */
2767   ExprList *pUpsertSet;     /* The SET clause from an ON CONFLICT UPDATE */
2768   Expr *pUpsertWhere;       /* WHERE clause for the ON CONFLICT UPDATE */
2769   /* The fields above comprise the parse tree for the upsert clause.
2770   ** The fields below are used to transfer information from the INSERT
2771   ** processing down into the UPDATE processing while generating code.
2772   ** Upsert owns the memory allocated above, but not the memory below. */
2773   Index *pUpsertIdx;        /* Constraint that pUpsertTarget identifies */
2774   SrcList *pUpsertSrc;      /* Table to be updated */
2775   int regData;              /* First register holding array of VALUES */
2776   int iDataCur;             /* Index of the data cursor */
2777   int iIdxCur;              /* Index of the first index cursor */
2778 };
2779 
2780 /*
2781 ** An instance of the following structure contains all information
2782 ** needed to generate code for a single SELECT statement.
2783 **
2784 ** See the header comment on the computeLimitRegisters() routine for a
2785 ** detailed description of the meaning of the iLimit and iOffset fields.
2786 **
2787 ** addrOpenEphm[] entries contain the address of OP_OpenEphemeral opcodes.
2788 ** These addresses must be stored so that we can go back and fill in
2789 ** the P4_KEYINFO and P2 parameters later.  Neither the KeyInfo nor
2790 ** the number of columns in P2 can be computed at the same time
2791 ** as the OP_OpenEphm instruction is coded because not
2792 ** enough information about the compound query is known at that point.
2793 ** The KeyInfo for addrOpenTran[0] and [1] contains collating sequences
2794 ** for the result set.  The KeyInfo for addrOpenEphm[2] contains collating
2795 ** sequences for the ORDER BY clause.
2796 */
2797 struct Select {
2798   ExprList *pEList;      /* The fields of the result */
2799   u8 op;                 /* One of: TK_UNION TK_ALL TK_INTERSECT TK_EXCEPT */
2800   LogEst nSelectRow;     /* Estimated number of result rows */
2801   u32 selFlags;          /* Various SF_* values */
2802   int iLimit, iOffset;   /* Memory registers holding LIMIT & OFFSET counters */
2803   u32 selId;             /* Unique identifier number for this SELECT */
2804   int addrOpenEphm[2];   /* OP_OpenEphem opcodes related to this select */
2805   SrcList *pSrc;         /* The FROM clause */
2806   Expr *pWhere;          /* The WHERE clause */
2807   ExprList *pGroupBy;    /* The GROUP BY clause */
2808   Expr *pHaving;         /* The HAVING clause */
2809   ExprList *pOrderBy;    /* The ORDER BY clause */
2810   Select *pPrior;        /* Prior select in a compound select statement */
2811   Select *pNext;         /* Next select to the left in a compound */
2812   Expr *pLimit;          /* LIMIT expression. NULL means not used. */
2813   With *pWith;           /* WITH clause attached to this select. Or NULL. */
2814 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
2815   Window *pWin;          /* List of window functions */
2816   Window *pWinDefn;      /* List of named window definitions */
2817 #endif
2818 };
2819 
2820 /*
2821 ** Allowed values for Select.selFlags.  The "SF" prefix stands for
2822 ** "Select Flag".
2823 **
2824 ** Value constraints (all checked via assert())
2825 **     SF_HasAgg     == NC_HasAgg
2826 **     SF_MinMaxAgg  == NC_MinMaxAgg     == SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX
2827 **     SF_FixedLimit == WHERE_USE_LIMIT
2828 */
2829 #define SF_Distinct       0x00001  /* Output should be DISTINCT */
2830 #define SF_All            0x00002  /* Includes the ALL keyword */
2831 #define SF_Resolved       0x00004  /* Identifiers have been resolved */
2832 #define SF_Aggregate      0x00008  /* Contains agg functions or a GROUP BY */
2833 #define SF_HasAgg         0x00010  /* Contains aggregate functions */
2834 #define SF_UsesEphemeral  0x00020  /* Uses the OpenEphemeral opcode */
2835 #define SF_Expanded       0x00040  /* sqlite3SelectExpand() called on this */
2836 #define SF_HasTypeInfo    0x00080  /* FROM subqueries have Table metadata */
2837 #define SF_Compound       0x00100  /* Part of a compound query */
2838 #define SF_Values         0x00200  /* Synthesized from VALUES clause */
2839 #define SF_MultiValue     0x00400  /* Single VALUES term with multiple rows */
2840 #define SF_NestedFrom     0x00800  /* Part of a parenthesized FROM clause */
2841 #define SF_MinMaxAgg      0x01000  /* Aggregate containing min() or max() */
2842 #define SF_Recursive      0x02000  /* The recursive part of a recursive CTE */
2843 #define SF_FixedLimit     0x04000  /* nSelectRow set by a constant LIMIT */
2844 #define SF_MaybeConvert   0x08000  /* Need convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
2845 #define SF_Converted      0x10000  /* By convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
2846 #define SF_IncludeHidden  0x20000  /* Include hidden columns in output */
2847 #define SF_ComplexResult  0x40000  /* Result contains subquery or function */
2848 
2849 /*
2850 ** The results of a SELECT can be distributed in several ways, as defined
2851 ** by one of the following macros.  The "SRT" prefix means "SELECT Result
2852 ** Type".
2853 **
2854 **     SRT_Union       Store results as a key in a temporary index
2855 **                     identified by pDest->iSDParm.
2856 **
2857 **     SRT_Except      Remove results from the temporary index pDest->iSDParm.
2858 **
2859 **     SRT_Exists      Store a 1 in memory cell pDest->iSDParm if the result
2860 **                     set is not empty.
2861 **
2862 **     SRT_Discard     Throw the results away.  This is used by SELECT
2863 **                     statements within triggers whose only purpose is
2864 **                     the side-effects of functions.
2865 **
2866 ** All of the above are free to ignore their ORDER BY clause. Those that
2867 ** follow must honor the ORDER BY clause.
2868 **
2869 **     SRT_Output      Generate a row of output (using the OP_ResultRow
2870 **                     opcode) for each row in the result set.
2871 **
2872 **     SRT_Mem         Only valid if the result is a single column.
2873 **                     Store the first column of the first result row
2874 **                     in register pDest->iSDParm then abandon the rest
2875 **                     of the query.  This destination implies "LIMIT 1".
2876 **
2877 **     SRT_Set         The result must be a single column.  Store each
2878 **                     row of result as the key in table pDest->iSDParm.
2879 **                     Apply the affinity pDest->affSdst before storing
2880 **                     results.  Used to implement "IN (SELECT ...)".
2881 **
2882 **     SRT_EphemTab    Create an temporary table pDest->iSDParm and store
2883 **                     the result there. The cursor is left open after
2884 **                     returning.  This is like SRT_Table except that
2885 **                     this destination uses OP_OpenEphemeral to create
2886 **                     the table first.
2887 **
2888 **     SRT_Coroutine   Generate a co-routine that returns a new row of
2889 **                     results each time it is invoked.  The entry point
2890 **                     of the co-routine is stored in register pDest->iSDParm
2891 **                     and the result row is stored in pDest->nDest registers
2892 **                     starting with pDest->iSdst.
2893 **
2894 **     SRT_Table       Store results in temporary table pDest->iSDParm.
2895 **     SRT_Fifo        This is like SRT_EphemTab except that the table
2896 **                     is assumed to already be open.  SRT_Fifo has
2897 **                     the additional property of being able to ignore
2898 **                     the ORDER BY clause.
2899 **
2900 **     SRT_DistFifo    Store results in a temporary table pDest->iSDParm.
2901 **                     But also use temporary table pDest->iSDParm+1 as
2902 **                     a record of all prior results and ignore any duplicate
2903 **                     rows.  Name means:  "Distinct Fifo".
2904 **
2905 **     SRT_Queue       Store results in priority queue pDest->iSDParm (really
2906 **                     an index).  Append a sequence number so that all entries
2907 **                     are distinct.
2908 **
2909 **     SRT_DistQueue   Store results in priority queue pDest->iSDParm only if
2910 **                     the same record has never been stored before.  The
2911 **                     index at pDest->iSDParm+1 hold all prior stores.
2912 */
2913 #define SRT_Union        1  /* Store result as keys in an index */
2914 #define SRT_Except       2  /* Remove result from a UNION index */
2915 #define SRT_Exists       3  /* Store 1 if the result is not empty */
2916 #define SRT_Discard      4  /* Do not save the results anywhere */
2917 #define SRT_Fifo         5  /* Store result as data with an automatic rowid */
2918 #define SRT_DistFifo     6  /* Like SRT_Fifo, but unique results only */
2919 #define SRT_Queue        7  /* Store result in an queue */
2920 #define SRT_DistQueue    8  /* Like SRT_Queue, but unique results only */
2921 
2922 /* The ORDER BY clause is ignored for all of the above */
2923 #define IgnorableOrderby(X) ((X->eDest)<=SRT_DistQueue)
2924 
2925 #define SRT_Output       9  /* Output each row of result */
2926 #define SRT_Mem         10  /* Store result in a memory cell */
2927 #define SRT_Set         11  /* Store results as keys in an index */
2928 #define SRT_EphemTab    12  /* Create transient tab and store like SRT_Table */
2929 #define SRT_Coroutine   13  /* Generate a single row of result */
2930 #define SRT_Table       14  /* Store result as data with an automatic rowid */
2931 
2932 /*
2933 ** An instance of this object describes where to put of the results of
2934 ** a SELECT statement.
2935 */
2936 struct SelectDest {
2937   u8 eDest;            /* How to dispose of the results.  On of SRT_* above. */
2938   int iSDParm;         /* A parameter used by the eDest disposal method */
2939   int iSdst;           /* Base register where results are written */
2940   int nSdst;           /* Number of registers allocated */
2941   char *zAffSdst;      /* Affinity used when eDest==SRT_Set */
2942   ExprList *pOrderBy;  /* Key columns for SRT_Queue and SRT_DistQueue */
2943 };
2944 
2945 /*
2946 ** During code generation of statements that do inserts into AUTOINCREMENT
2947 ** tables, the following information is attached to the Table.u.autoInc.p
2948 ** pointer of each autoincrement table to record some side information that
2949 ** the code generator needs.  We have to keep per-table autoincrement
2950 ** information in case inserts are done within triggers.  Triggers do not
2951 ** normally coordinate their activities, but we do need to coordinate the
2952 ** loading and saving of autoincrement information.
2953 */
2954 struct AutoincInfo {
2955   AutoincInfo *pNext;   /* Next info block in a list of them all */
2956   Table *pTab;          /* Table this info block refers to */
2957   int iDb;              /* Index in sqlite3.aDb[] of database holding pTab */
2958   int regCtr;           /* Memory register holding the rowid counter */
2959 };
2960 
2961 /*
2962 ** At least one instance of the following structure is created for each
2963 ** trigger that may be fired while parsing an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2964 ** statement. All such objects are stored in the linked list headed at
2965 ** Parse.pTriggerPrg and deleted once statement compilation has been
2966 ** completed.
2967 **
2968 ** A Vdbe sub-program that implements the body and WHEN clause of trigger
2969 ** TriggerPrg.pTrigger, assuming a default ON CONFLICT clause of
2970 ** TriggerPrg.orconf, is stored in the TriggerPrg.pProgram variable.
2971 ** The Parse.pTriggerPrg list never contains two entries with the same
2972 ** values for both pTrigger and orconf.
2973 **
2974 ** The TriggerPrg.aColmask[0] variable is set to a mask of old.* columns
2975 ** accessed (or set to 0 for triggers fired as a result of INSERT
2976 ** statements). Similarly, the TriggerPrg.aColmask[1] variable is set to
2977 ** a mask of new.* columns used by the program.
2978 */
2979 struct TriggerPrg {
2980   Trigger *pTrigger;      /* Trigger this program was coded from */
2981   TriggerPrg *pNext;      /* Next entry in Parse.pTriggerPrg list */
2982   SubProgram *pProgram;   /* Program implementing pTrigger/orconf */
2983   int orconf;             /* Default ON CONFLICT policy */
2984   u32 aColmask[2];        /* Masks of old.*, new.* columns accessed */
2985 };
2986 
2987 /*
2988 ** The yDbMask datatype for the bitmask of all attached databases.
2989 */
2990 #if SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED>30
2991   typedef unsigned char yDbMask[(SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED+9)/8];
2992 # define DbMaskTest(M,I)    (((M)[(I)/8]&(1<<((I)&7)))!=0)
2993 # define DbMaskZero(M)      memset((M),0,sizeof(M))
2994 # define DbMaskSet(M,I)     (M)[(I)/8]|=(1<<((I)&7))
2995 # define DbMaskAllZero(M)   sqlite3DbMaskAllZero(M)
2996 # define DbMaskNonZero(M)   (sqlite3DbMaskAllZero(M)==0)
2997 #else
2998   typedef unsigned int yDbMask;
2999 # define DbMaskTest(M,I)    (((M)&(((yDbMask)1)<<(I)))!=0)
3000 # define DbMaskZero(M)      (M)=0
3001 # define DbMaskSet(M,I)     (M)|=(((yDbMask)1)<<(I))
3002 # define DbMaskAllZero(M)   (M)==0
3003 # define DbMaskNonZero(M)   (M)!=0
3004 #endif
3005 
3006 /*
3007 ** An SQL parser context.  A copy of this structure is passed through
3008 ** the parser and down into all the parser action routine in order to
3009 ** carry around information that is global to the entire parse.
3010 **
3011 ** The structure is divided into two parts.  When the parser and code
3012 ** generate call themselves recursively, the first part of the structure
3013 ** is constant but the second part is reset at the beginning and end of
3014 ** each recursion.
3015 **
3016 ** The nTableLock and aTableLock variables are only used if the shared-cache
3017 ** feature is enabled (if sqlite3Tsd()->useSharedData is true). They are
3018 ** used to store the set of table-locks required by the statement being
3019 ** compiled. Function sqlite3TableLock() is used to add entries to the
3020 ** list.
3021 */
3022 struct Parse {
3023   sqlite3 *db;         /* The main database structure */
3024   char *zErrMsg;       /* An error message */
3025   Vdbe *pVdbe;         /* An engine for executing database bytecode */
3026   int rc;              /* Return code from execution */
3027   u8 colNamesSet;      /* TRUE after OP_ColumnName has been issued to pVdbe */
3028   u8 checkSchema;      /* Causes schema cookie check after an error */
3029   u8 nested;           /* Number of nested calls to the parser/code generator */
3030   u8 nTempReg;         /* Number of temporary registers in aTempReg[] */
3031   u8 isMultiWrite;     /* True if statement may modify/insert multiple rows */
3032   u8 mayAbort;         /* True if statement may throw an ABORT exception */
3033   u8 hasCompound;      /* Need to invoke convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
3034   u8 okConstFactor;    /* OK to factor out constants */
3035   u8 disableLookaside; /* Number of times lookaside has been disabled */
3036   int nRangeReg;       /* Size of the temporary register block */
3037   int iRangeReg;       /* First register in temporary register block */
3038   int nErr;            /* Number of errors seen */
3039   int nTab;            /* Number of previously allocated VDBE cursors */
3040   int nMem;            /* Number of memory cells used so far */
3041   int nOpAlloc;        /* Number of slots allocated for Vdbe.aOp[] */
3042   int szOpAlloc;       /* Bytes of memory space allocated for Vdbe.aOp[] */
3043   int iSelfTab;        /* Table associated with an index on expr, or negative
3044                        ** of the base register during check-constraint eval */
3045   int nLabel;          /* Number of labels used */
3046   int *aLabel;         /* Space to hold the labels */
3047   ExprList *pConstExpr;/* Constant expressions */
3048   Token constraintName;/* Name of the constraint currently being parsed */
3049   yDbMask writeMask;   /* Start a write transaction on these databases */
3050   yDbMask cookieMask;  /* Bitmask of schema verified databases */
3051   int regRowid;        /* Register holding rowid of CREATE TABLE entry */
3052   int regRoot;         /* Register holding root page number for new objects */
3053   int nMaxArg;         /* Max args passed to user function by sub-program */
3054   int nSelect;         /* Number of SELECT stmts. Counter for Select.selId */
3055 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
3056   int nTableLock;        /* Number of locks in aTableLock */
3057   TableLock *aTableLock; /* Required table locks for shared-cache mode */
3058 #endif
3059   AutoincInfo *pAinc;  /* Information about AUTOINCREMENT counters */
3060   Parse *pToplevel;    /* Parse structure for main program (or NULL) */
3061   Table *pTriggerTab;  /* Table triggers are being coded for */
3062   int addrCrTab;       /* Address of OP_CreateBtree opcode on CREATE TABLE */
3063   u32 nQueryLoop;      /* Est number of iterations of a query (10*log2(N)) */
3064   u32 oldmask;         /* Mask of old.* columns referenced */
3065   u32 newmask;         /* Mask of new.* columns referenced */
3066   u8 eTriggerOp;       /* TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT or TK_DELETE */
3067   u8 eOrconf;          /* Default ON CONFLICT policy for trigger steps */
3068   u8 disableTriggers;  /* True to disable triggers */
3069 
3070   /**************************************************************************
3071   ** Fields above must be initialized to zero.  The fields that follow,
3072   ** down to the beginning of the recursive section, do not need to be
3073   ** initialized as they will be set before being used.  The boundary is
3074   ** determined by offsetof(Parse,aTempReg).
3075   **************************************************************************/
3076 
3077   int aTempReg[8];        /* Holding area for temporary registers */
3078   Token sNameToken;       /* Token with unqualified schema object name */
3079 
3080   /************************************************************************
3081   ** Above is constant between recursions.  Below is reset before and after
3082   ** each recursion.  The boundary between these two regions is determined
3083   ** using offsetof(Parse,sLastToken) so the sLastToken field must be the
3084   ** first field in the recursive region.
3085   ************************************************************************/
3086 
3087   Token sLastToken;       /* The last token parsed */
3088   ynVar nVar;               /* Number of '?' variables seen in the SQL so far */
3089   u8 iPkSortOrder;          /* ASC or DESC for INTEGER PRIMARY KEY */
3090   u8 explain;               /* True if the EXPLAIN flag is found on the query */
3091 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
3092   u8 declareVtab;           /* True if inside sqlite3_declare_vtab() */
3093   int nVtabLock;            /* Number of virtual tables to lock */
3094 #endif
3095   int nHeight;              /* Expression tree height of current sub-select */
3096 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
3097   int addrExplain;          /* Address of current OP_Explain opcode */
3098 #endif
3099   VList *pVList;            /* Mapping between variable names and numbers */
3100   Vdbe *pReprepare;         /* VM being reprepared (sqlite3Reprepare()) */
3101   const char *zTail;        /* All SQL text past the last semicolon parsed */
3102   Table *pNewTable;         /* A table being constructed by CREATE TABLE */
3103   Trigger *pNewTrigger;     /* Trigger under construct by a CREATE TRIGGER */
3104   const char *zAuthContext; /* The 6th parameter to db->xAuth callbacks */
3105 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
3106   Token sArg;               /* Complete text of a module argument */
3107   Table **apVtabLock;       /* Pointer to virtual tables needing locking */
3108 #endif
3109   Table *pZombieTab;        /* List of Table objects to delete after code gen */
3110   TriggerPrg *pTriggerPrg;  /* Linked list of coded triggers */
3111   With *pWith;              /* Current WITH clause, or NULL */
3112   With *pWithToFree;        /* Free this WITH object at the end of the parse */
3113 };
3114 
3115 /*
3116 ** Sizes and pointers of various parts of the Parse object.
3117 */
3118 #define PARSE_HDR_SZ offsetof(Parse,aTempReg) /* Recursive part w/o aColCache*/
3119 #define PARSE_RECURSE_SZ offsetof(Parse,sLastToken)    /* Recursive part */
3120 #define PARSE_TAIL_SZ (sizeof(Parse)-PARSE_RECURSE_SZ) /* Non-recursive part */
3121 #define PARSE_TAIL(X) (((char*)(X))+PARSE_RECURSE_SZ)  /* Pointer to tail */
3122 
3123 /*
3124 ** Return true if currently inside an sqlite3_declare_vtab() call.
3125 */
3126 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
3127   #define IN_DECLARE_VTAB 0
3128 #else
3129   #define IN_DECLARE_VTAB (pParse->declareVtab)
3130 #endif
3131 
3132 /*
3133 ** An instance of the following structure can be declared on a stack and used
3134 ** to save the Parse.zAuthContext value so that it can be restored later.
3135 */
3136 struct AuthContext {
3137   const char *zAuthContext;   /* Put saved Parse.zAuthContext here */
3138   Parse *pParse;              /* The Parse structure */
3139 };
3140 
3141 /*
3142 ** Bitfield flags for P5 value in various opcodes.
3143 **
3144 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
3145 **    OPFLAG_LENGTHARG    == SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH
3146 **    OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG    == SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF
3147 **    OPFLAG_BULKCSR      == BTREE_BULKLOAD
3148 **    OPFLAG_SEEKEQ       == BTREE_SEEK_EQ
3149 **    OPFLAG_FORDELETE    == BTREE_FORDELETE
3150 **    OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION == BTREE_SAVEPOSITION
3151 **    OPFLAG_AUXDELETE    == BTREE_AUXDELETE
3152 */
3153 #define OPFLAG_NCHANGE       0x01    /* OP_Insert: Set to update db->nChange */
3154                                      /* Also used in P2 (not P5) of OP_Delete */
3155 #define OPFLAG_EPHEM         0x01    /* OP_Column: Ephemeral output is ok */
3156 #define OPFLAG_LASTROWID     0x20    /* Set to update db->lastRowid */
3157 #define OPFLAG_ISUPDATE      0x04    /* This OP_Insert is an sql UPDATE */
3158 #define OPFLAG_APPEND        0x08    /* This is likely to be an append */
3159 #define OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT 0x10    /* Try to avoid a seek in BtreeInsert() */
3160 #define OPFLAG_ISNOOP        0x40    /* OP_Delete does pre-update-hook only */
3161 #define OPFLAG_LENGTHARG     0x40    /* OP_Column only used for length() */
3162 #define OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG     0x80    /* OP_Column only used for typeof() */
3163 #define OPFLAG_BULKCSR       0x01    /* OP_Open** used to open bulk cursor */
3164 #define OPFLAG_SEEKEQ        0x02    /* OP_Open** cursor uses EQ seek only */
3165 #define OPFLAG_FORDELETE     0x08    /* OP_Open should use BTREE_FORDELETE */
3166 #define OPFLAG_P2ISREG       0x10    /* P2 to OP_Open** is a register number */
3167 #define OPFLAG_PERMUTE       0x01    /* OP_Compare: use the permutation */
3168 #define OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION  0x02    /* OP_Delete/Insert: save cursor pos */
3169 #define OPFLAG_AUXDELETE     0x04    /* OP_Delete: index in a DELETE op */
3170 #define OPFLAG_NOCHNG_MAGIC  0x6d    /* OP_MakeRecord: serialtype 10 is ok */
3171 
3172 /*
3173  * Each trigger present in the database schema is stored as an instance of
3174  * struct Trigger.
3175  *
3176  * Pointers to instances of struct Trigger are stored in two ways.
3177  * 1. In the "trigHash" hash table (part of the sqlite3* that represents the
3178  *    database). This allows Trigger structures to be retrieved by name.
3179  * 2. All triggers associated with a single table form a linked list, using the
3180  *    pNext member of struct Trigger. A pointer to the first element of the
3181  *    linked list is stored as the "pTrigger" member of the associated
3182  *    struct Table.
3183  *
3184  * The "step_list" member points to the first element of a linked list
3185  * containing the SQL statements specified as the trigger program.
3186  */
3187 struct Trigger {
3188   char *zName;            /* The name of the trigger                        */
3189   char *table;            /* The table or view to which the trigger applies */
3190   u8 op;                  /* One of TK_DELETE, TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT         */
3191   u8 tr_tm;               /* One of TRIGGER_BEFORE, TRIGGER_AFTER */
3192   Expr *pWhen;            /* The WHEN clause of the expression (may be NULL) */
3193   IdList *pColumns;       /* If this is an UPDATE OF <column-list> trigger,
3194                              the <column-list> is stored here */
3195   Schema *pSchema;        /* Schema containing the trigger */
3196   Schema *pTabSchema;     /* Schema containing the table */
3197   TriggerStep *step_list; /* Link list of trigger program steps             */
3198   Trigger *pNext;         /* Next trigger associated with the table */
3199 };
3200 
3201 /*
3202 ** A trigger is either a BEFORE or an AFTER trigger.  The following constants
3203 ** determine which.
3204 **
3205 ** If there are multiple triggers, you might of some BEFORE and some AFTER.
3206 ** In that cases, the constants below can be ORed together.
3207 */
3208 #define TRIGGER_BEFORE  1
3209 #define TRIGGER_AFTER   2
3210 
3211 /*
3212  * An instance of struct TriggerStep is used to store a single SQL statement
3213  * that is a part of a trigger-program.
3214  *
3215  * Instances of struct TriggerStep are stored in a singly linked list (linked
3216  * using the "pNext" member) referenced by the "step_list" member of the
3217  * associated struct Trigger instance. The first element of the linked list is
3218  * the first step of the trigger-program.
3219  *
3220  * The "op" member indicates whether this is a "DELETE", "INSERT", "UPDATE" or
3221  * "SELECT" statement. The meanings of the other members is determined by the
3222  * value of "op" as follows:
3223  *
3224  * (op == TK_INSERT)
3225  * orconf    -> stores the ON CONFLICT algorithm
3226  * pSelect   -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... SELECT ... statement, then
3227  *              this stores a pointer to the SELECT statement. Otherwise NULL.
3228  * zTarget   -> Dequoted name of the table to insert into.
3229  * pExprList -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... VALUES ... statement, then
3230  *              this stores values to be inserted. Otherwise NULL.
3231  * pIdList   -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... (<column-names>) VALUES ...
3232  *              statement, then this stores the column-names to be
3233  *              inserted into.
3234  *
3235  * (op == TK_DELETE)
3236  * zTarget   -> Dequoted name of the table to delete from.
3237  * pWhere    -> The WHERE clause of the DELETE statement if one is specified.
3238  *              Otherwise NULL.
3239  *
3240  * (op == TK_UPDATE)
3241  * zTarget   -> Dequoted name of the table to update.
3242  * pWhere    -> The WHERE clause of the UPDATE statement if one is specified.
3243  *              Otherwise NULL.
3244  * pExprList -> A list of the columns to update and the expressions to update
3245  *              them to. See sqlite3Update() documentation of "pChanges"
3246  *              argument.
3247  *
3248  */
3249 struct TriggerStep {
3250   u8 op;               /* One of TK_DELETE, TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT, TK_SELECT */
3251   u8 orconf;           /* OE_Rollback etc. */
3252   Trigger *pTrig;      /* The trigger that this step is a part of */
3253   Select *pSelect;     /* SELECT statement or RHS of INSERT INTO SELECT ... */
3254   char *zTarget;       /* Target table for DELETE, UPDATE, INSERT */
3255   Expr *pWhere;        /* The WHERE clause for DELETE or UPDATE steps */
3256   ExprList *pExprList; /* SET clause for UPDATE */
3257   IdList *pIdList;     /* Column names for INSERT */
3258   Upsert *pUpsert;     /* Upsert clauses on an INSERT */
3259   char *zSpan;         /* Original SQL text of this command */
3260   TriggerStep *pNext;  /* Next in the link-list */
3261   TriggerStep *pLast;  /* Last element in link-list. Valid for 1st elem only */
3262 };
3263 
3264 /*
3265 ** The following structure contains information used by the sqliteFix...
3266 ** routines as they walk the parse tree to make database references
3267 ** explicit.
3268 */
3269 typedef struct DbFixer DbFixer;
3270 struct DbFixer {
3271   Parse *pParse;      /* The parsing context.  Error messages written here */
3272   Schema *pSchema;    /* Fix items to this schema */
3273   int bVarOnly;       /* Check for variable references only */
3274   const char *zDb;    /* Make sure all objects are contained in this database */
3275   const char *zType;  /* Type of the container - used for error messages */
3276   const Token *pName; /* Name of the container - used for error messages */
3277 };
3278 
3279 /*
3280 ** An objected used to accumulate the text of a string where we
3281 ** do not necessarily know how big the string will be in the end.
3282 */
3283 struct sqlite3_str {
3284   sqlite3 *db;         /* Optional database for lookaside.  Can be NULL */
3285   char *zText;         /* The string collected so far */
3286   u32  nAlloc;         /* Amount of space allocated in zText */
3287   u32  mxAlloc;        /* Maximum allowed allocation.  0 for no malloc usage */
3288   u32  nChar;          /* Length of the string so far */
3289   u8   accError;       /* SQLITE_NOMEM or SQLITE_TOOBIG */
3290   u8   printfFlags;    /* SQLITE_PRINTF flags below */
3291 };
3292 #define SQLITE_PRINTF_INTERNAL 0x01  /* Internal-use-only converters allowed */
3293 #define SQLITE_PRINTF_SQLFUNC  0x02  /* SQL function arguments to VXPrintf */
3294 #define SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED 0x04  /* True if xText is allocated space */
3295 
3296 #define isMalloced(X)  (((X)->printfFlags & SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED)!=0)
3297 
3298 
3299 /*
3300 ** A pointer to this structure is used to communicate information
3301 ** from sqlite3Init and OP_ParseSchema into the sqlite3InitCallback.
3302 */
3303 typedef struct {
3304   sqlite3 *db;        /* The database being initialized */
3305   char **pzErrMsg;    /* Error message stored here */
3306   int iDb;            /* 0 for main database.  1 for TEMP, 2.. for ATTACHed */
3307   int rc;             /* Result code stored here */
3308 } InitData;
3309 
3310 /*
3311 ** Structure containing global configuration data for the SQLite library.
3312 **
3313 ** This structure also contains some state information.
3314 */
3315 struct Sqlite3Config {
3316   int bMemstat;                     /* True to enable memory status */
3317   int bCoreMutex;                   /* True to enable core mutexing */
3318   int bFullMutex;                   /* True to enable full mutexing */
3319   int bOpenUri;                     /* True to interpret filenames as URIs */
3320   int bUseCis;                      /* Use covering indices for full-scans */
3321   int bSmallMalloc;                 /* Avoid large memory allocations if true */
3322   int mxStrlen;                     /* Maximum string length */
3323   int neverCorrupt;                 /* Database is always well-formed */
3324   int szLookaside;                  /* Default lookaside buffer size */
3325   int nLookaside;                   /* Default lookaside buffer count */
3326   int nStmtSpill;                   /* Stmt-journal spill-to-disk threshold */
3327   sqlite3_mem_methods m;            /* Low-level memory allocation interface */
3328   sqlite3_mutex_methods mutex;      /* Low-level mutex interface */
3329   sqlite3_pcache_methods2 pcache2;  /* Low-level page-cache interface */
3330   void *pHeap;                      /* Heap storage space */
3331   int nHeap;                        /* Size of pHeap[] */
3332   int mnReq, mxReq;                 /* Min and max heap requests sizes */
3333   sqlite3_int64 szMmap;             /* mmap() space per open file */
3334   sqlite3_int64 mxMmap;             /* Maximum value for szMmap */
3335   void *pPage;                      /* Page cache memory */
3336   int szPage;                       /* Size of each page in pPage[] */
3337   int nPage;                        /* Number of pages in pPage[] */
3338   int mxParserStack;                /* maximum depth of the parser stack */
3339   int sharedCacheEnabled;           /* true if shared-cache mode enabled */
3340   u32 szPma;                        /* Maximum Sorter PMA size */
3341   /* The above might be initialized to non-zero.  The following need to always
3342   ** initially be zero, however. */
3343   int isInit;                       /* True after initialization has finished */
3344   int inProgress;                   /* True while initialization in progress */
3345   int isMutexInit;                  /* True after mutexes are initialized */
3346   int isMallocInit;                 /* True after malloc is initialized */
3347   int isPCacheInit;                 /* True after malloc is initialized */
3348   int nRefInitMutex;                /* Number of users of pInitMutex */
3349   sqlite3_mutex *pInitMutex;        /* Mutex used by sqlite3_initialize() */
3350   void (*xLog)(void*,int,const char*); /* Function for logging */
3351   void *pLogArg;                       /* First argument to xLog() */
3352 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG
3353   void(*xSqllog)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int);
3354   void *pSqllogArg;
3355 #endif
3356 #ifdef SQLITE_VDBE_COVERAGE
3357   /* The following callback (if not NULL) is invoked on every VDBE branch
3358   ** operation.  Set the callback using SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE.
3359   */
3360   void (*xVdbeBranch)(void*,unsigned iSrcLine,u8 eThis,u8 eMx);  /* Callback */
3361   void *pVdbeBranchArg;                                     /* 1st argument */
3362 #endif
3363 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
3364   int (*xTestCallback)(int);        /* Invoked by sqlite3FaultSim() */
3365 #endif
3366   int bLocaltimeFault;              /* True to fail localtime() calls */
3367   int iOnceResetThreshold;          /* When to reset OP_Once counters */
3368   u32 szSorterRef;                  /* Min size in bytes to use sorter-refs */
3369 };
3370 
3371 /*
3372 ** This macro is used inside of assert() statements to indicate that
3373 ** the assert is only valid on a well-formed database.  Instead of:
3374 **
3375 **     assert( X );
3376 **
3377 ** One writes:
3378 **
3379 **     assert( X || CORRUPT_DB );
3380 **
3381 ** CORRUPT_DB is true during normal operation.  CORRUPT_DB does not indicate
3382 ** that the database is definitely corrupt, only that it might be corrupt.
3383 ** For most test cases, CORRUPT_DB is set to false using a special
3384 ** sqlite3_test_control().  This enables assert() statements to prove
3385 ** things that are always true for well-formed databases.
3386 */
3387 #define CORRUPT_DB  (sqlite3Config.neverCorrupt==0)
3388 
3389 /*
3390 ** Context pointer passed down through the tree-walk.
3391 */
3392 struct Walker {
3393   Parse *pParse;                            /* Parser context.  */
3394   int (*xExprCallback)(Walker*, Expr*);     /* Callback for expressions */
3395   int (*xSelectCallback)(Walker*,Select*);  /* Callback for SELECTs */
3396   void (*xSelectCallback2)(Walker*,Select*);/* Second callback for SELECTs */
3397   int walkerDepth;                          /* Number of subqueries */
3398   u8 eCode;                                 /* A small processing code */
3399   union {                                   /* Extra data for callback */
3400     NameContext *pNC;                         /* Naming context */
3401     int n;                                    /* A counter */
3402     int iCur;                                 /* A cursor number */
3403     SrcList *pSrcList;                        /* FROM clause */
3404     struct SrcCount *pSrcCount;               /* Counting column references */
3405     struct CCurHint *pCCurHint;               /* Used by codeCursorHint() */
3406     int *aiCol;                               /* array of column indexes */
3407     struct IdxCover *pIdxCover;               /* Check for index coverage */
3408     struct IdxExprTrans *pIdxTrans;           /* Convert idxed expr to column */
3409     ExprList *pGroupBy;                       /* GROUP BY clause */
3410     Select *pSelect;                          /* HAVING to WHERE clause ctx */
3411     struct WindowRewrite *pRewrite;           /* Window rewrite context */
3412     struct WhereConst *pConst;                /* WHERE clause constants */
3413   } u;
3414 };
3415 
3416 /* Forward declarations */
3417 int sqlite3WalkExpr(Walker*, Expr*);
3418 int sqlite3WalkExprList(Walker*, ExprList*);
3419 int sqlite3WalkSelect(Walker*, Select*);
3420 int sqlite3WalkSelectExpr(Walker*, Select*);
3421 int sqlite3WalkSelectFrom(Walker*, Select*);
3422 int sqlite3ExprWalkNoop(Walker*, Expr*);
3423 int sqlite3SelectWalkNoop(Walker*, Select*);
3424 int sqlite3SelectWalkFail(Walker*, Select*);
3425 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3426 void sqlite3SelectWalkAssert2(Walker*, Select*);
3427 #endif
3428 
3429 /*
3430 ** Return code from the parse-tree walking primitives and their
3431 ** callbacks.
3432 */
3433 #define WRC_Continue    0   /* Continue down into children */
3434 #define WRC_Prune       1   /* Omit children but continue walking siblings */
3435 #define WRC_Abort       2   /* Abandon the tree walk */
3436 
3437 /*
3438 ** An instance of this structure represents a set of one or more CTEs
3439 ** (common table expressions) created by a single WITH clause.
3440 */
3441 struct With {
3442   int nCte;                       /* Number of CTEs in the WITH clause */
3443   With *pOuter;                   /* Containing WITH clause, or NULL */
3444   struct Cte {                    /* For each CTE in the WITH clause.... */
3445     char *zName;                    /* Name of this CTE */
3446     ExprList *pCols;                /* List of explicit column names, or NULL */
3447     Select *pSelect;                /* The definition of this CTE */
3448     const char *zCteErr;            /* Error message for circular references */
3449   } a[1];
3450 };
3451 
3452 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3453 /*
3454 ** An instance of the TreeView object is used for printing the content of
3455 ** data structures on sqlite3DebugPrintf() using a tree-like view.
3456 */
3457 struct TreeView {
3458   int iLevel;             /* Which level of the tree we are on */
3459   u8  bLine[100];         /* Draw vertical in column i if bLine[i] is true */
3460 };
3461 #endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */
3462 
3463 /*
3464 ** This object is used in varioius ways, all related to window functions
3465 **
3466 **   (1) A single instance of this structure is attached to the
3467 **       the Expr.pWin field for each window function in an expression tree.
3468 **       This object holds the information contained in the OVER clause,
3469 **       plus additional fields used during code generation.
3470 **
3471 **   (2) All window functions in a single SELECT form a linked-list
3472 **       attached to Select.pWin.  The Window.pFunc and Window.pExpr
3473 **       fields point back to the expression that is the window function.
3474 **
3475 **   (3) The terms of the WINDOW clause of a SELECT are instances of this
3476 **       object on a linked list attached to Select.pWinDefn.
3477 **
3478 ** The uses (1) and (2) are really the same Window object that just happens
3479 ** to be accessible in two different ways.  Use (3) is are separate objects.
3480 */
3481 struct Window {
3482   char *zName;            /* Name of window (may be NULL) */
3483   ExprList *pPartition;   /* PARTITION BY clause */
3484   ExprList *pOrderBy;     /* ORDER BY clause */
3485   u8 eType;               /* TK_RANGE or TK_ROWS */
3486   u8 eStart;              /* UNBOUNDED, CURRENT, PRECEDING or FOLLOWING */
3487   u8 eEnd;                /* UNBOUNDED, CURRENT, PRECEDING or FOLLOWING */
3488   Expr *pStart;           /* Expression for "<expr> PRECEDING" */
3489   Expr *pEnd;             /* Expression for "<expr> FOLLOWING" */
3490   Window *pNextWin;       /* Next window function belonging to this SELECT */
3491   Expr *pFilter;          /* The FILTER expression */
3492   FuncDef *pFunc;         /* The function */
3493   int iEphCsr;            /* Partition buffer or Peer buffer */
3494   int regAccum;
3495   int regResult;
3496   int csrApp;             /* Function cursor (used by min/max) */
3497   int regApp;             /* Function register (also used by min/max) */
3498   int regPart;            /* First in a set of registers holding PARTITION BY
3499                           ** and ORDER BY values for the window */
3500   Expr *pOwner;           /* Expression object this window is attached to */
3501   int nBufferCol;         /* Number of columns in buffer table */
3502   int iArgCol;            /* Offset of first argument for this function */
3503 };
3504 
3505 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
3506 void sqlite3WindowDelete(sqlite3*, Window*);
3507 void sqlite3WindowListDelete(sqlite3 *db, Window *p);
3508 Window *sqlite3WindowAlloc(Parse*, int, int, Expr*, int , Expr*);
3509 void sqlite3WindowAttach(Parse*, Expr*, Window*);
3510 int sqlite3WindowCompare(Parse*, Window*, Window*);
3511 void sqlite3WindowCodeInit(Parse*, Window*);
3512 void sqlite3WindowCodeStep(Parse*, Select*, WhereInfo*, int, int);
3513 int sqlite3WindowRewrite(Parse*, Select*);
3514 int sqlite3ExpandSubquery(Parse*, struct SrcList_item*);
3515 void sqlite3WindowUpdate(Parse*, Window*, Window*, FuncDef*);
3516 Window *sqlite3WindowDup(sqlite3 *db, Expr *pOwner, Window *p);
3517 Window *sqlite3WindowListDup(sqlite3 *db, Window *p);
3518 void sqlite3WindowFunctions(void);
3519 #else
3520 # define sqlite3WindowDelete(a,b)
3521 # define sqlite3WindowFunctions()
3522 # define sqlite3WindowAttach(a,b,c)
3523 #endif
3524 
3525 /*
3526 ** Assuming zIn points to the first byte of a UTF-8 character,
3527 ** advance zIn to point to the first byte of the next UTF-8 character.
3528 */
3529 #define SQLITE_SKIP_UTF8(zIn) {                        \
3530   if( (*(zIn++))>=0xc0 ){                              \
3531     while( (*zIn & 0xc0)==0x80 ){ zIn++; }             \
3532   }                                                    \
3533 }
3534 
3535 /*
3536 ** The SQLITE_*_BKPT macros are substitutes for the error codes with
3537 ** the same name but without the _BKPT suffix.  These macros invoke
3538 ** routines that report the line-number on which the error originated
3539 ** using sqlite3_log().  The routines also provide a convenient place
3540 ** to set a debugger breakpoint.
3541 */
3542 int sqlite3ReportError(int iErr, int lineno, const char *zType);
3543 int sqlite3CorruptError(int);
3544 int sqlite3MisuseError(int);
3545 int sqlite3CantopenError(int);
3546 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT sqlite3CorruptError(__LINE__)
3547 #define SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT sqlite3MisuseError(__LINE__)
3548 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_BKPT sqlite3CantopenError(__LINE__)
3549 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3550   int sqlite3NomemError(int);
3551   int sqlite3IoerrnomemError(int);
3552   int sqlite3CorruptPgnoError(int,Pgno);
3553 # define SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT sqlite3NomemError(__LINE__)
3554 # define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT sqlite3IoerrnomemError(__LINE__)
3555 # define SQLITE_CORRUPT_PGNO(P) sqlite3CorruptPgnoError(__LINE__,(P))
3556 #else
3557 # define SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT SQLITE_NOMEM
3558 # define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM
3559 # define SQLITE_CORRUPT_PGNO(P) sqlite3CorruptError(__LINE__)
3560 #endif
3561 
3562 /*
3563 ** FTS3 and FTS4 both require virtual table support
3564 */
3565 #if defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
3566 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3
3567 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4
3568 #endif
3569 
3570 /*
3571 ** FTS4 is really an extension for FTS3.  It is enabled using the
3572 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3 macro.  But to avoid confusion we also call
3573 ** the SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4 macro to serve as an alias for SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3.
3574 */
3575 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4) && !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3)
3576 # define SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3 1
3577 #endif
3578 
3579 /*
3580 ** The ctype.h header is needed for non-ASCII systems.  It is also
3581 ** needed by FTS3 when FTS3 is included in the amalgamation.
3582 */
3583 #if !defined(SQLITE_ASCII) || \
3584     (defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3) && defined(SQLITE_AMALGAMATION))
3585 # include <ctype.h>
3586 #endif
3587 
3588 /*
3589 ** The following macros mimic the standard library functions toupper(),
3590 ** isspace(), isalnum(), isdigit() and isxdigit(), respectively. The
3591 ** sqlite versions only work for ASCII characters, regardless of locale.
3592 */
3593 #ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
3594 # define sqlite3Toupper(x)  ((x)&~(sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x20))
3595 # define sqlite3Isspace(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x01)
3596 # define sqlite3Isalnum(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x06)
3597 # define sqlite3Isalpha(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x02)
3598 # define sqlite3Isdigit(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x04)
3599 # define sqlite3Isxdigit(x)  (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x08)
3600 # define sqlite3Tolower(x)   (sqlite3UpperToLower[(unsigned char)(x)])
3601 # define sqlite3Isquote(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x80)
3602 #else
3603 # define sqlite3Toupper(x)   toupper((unsigned char)(x))
3604 # define sqlite3Isspace(x)   isspace((unsigned char)(x))
3605 # define sqlite3Isalnum(x)   isalnum((unsigned char)(x))
3606 # define sqlite3Isalpha(x)   isalpha((unsigned char)(x))
3607 # define sqlite3Isdigit(x)   isdigit((unsigned char)(x))
3608 # define sqlite3Isxdigit(x)  isxdigit((unsigned char)(x))
3609 # define sqlite3Tolower(x)   tolower((unsigned char)(x))
3610 # define sqlite3Isquote(x)   ((x)=='"'||(x)=='\''||(x)=='['||(x)=='`')
3611 #endif
3612 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
3613 int sqlite3IsIdChar(u8);
3614 #endif
3615 
3616 /*
3617 ** Internal function prototypes
3618 */
3619 int sqlite3StrICmp(const char*,const char*);
3620 int sqlite3Strlen30(const char*);
3621 char *sqlite3ColumnType(Column*,char*);
3622 #define sqlite3StrNICmp sqlite3_strnicmp
3623 
3624 int sqlite3MallocInit(void);
3625 void sqlite3MallocEnd(void);
3626 void *sqlite3Malloc(u64);
3627 void *sqlite3MallocZero(u64);
3628 void *sqlite3DbMallocZero(sqlite3*, u64);
3629 void *sqlite3DbMallocRaw(sqlite3*, u64);
3630 void *sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(sqlite3*, u64);
3631 char *sqlite3DbStrDup(sqlite3*,const char*);
3632 char *sqlite3DbStrNDup(sqlite3*,const char*, u64);
3633 char *sqlite3DbSpanDup(sqlite3*,const char*,const char*);
3634 void *sqlite3Realloc(void*, u64);
3635 void *sqlite3DbReallocOrFree(sqlite3 *, void *, u64);
3636 void *sqlite3DbRealloc(sqlite3 *, void *, u64);
3637 void sqlite3DbFree(sqlite3*, void*);
3638 void sqlite3DbFreeNN(sqlite3*, void*);
3639 int sqlite3MallocSize(void*);
3640 int sqlite3DbMallocSize(sqlite3*, void*);
3641 void *sqlite3PageMalloc(int);
3642 void sqlite3PageFree(void*);
3643 void sqlite3MemSetDefault(void);
3644 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
3645 void sqlite3BenignMallocHooks(void (*)(void), void (*)(void));
3646 #endif
3647 int sqlite3HeapNearlyFull(void);
3648 
3649 /*
3650 ** On systems with ample stack space and that support alloca(), make
3651 ** use of alloca() to obtain space for large automatic objects.  By default,
3652 ** obtain space from malloc().
3653 **
3654 ** The alloca() routine never returns NULL.  This will cause code paths
3655 ** that deal with sqlite3StackAlloc() failures to be unreachable.
3656 */
3657 #ifdef SQLITE_USE_ALLOCA
3658 # define sqlite3StackAllocRaw(D,N)   alloca(N)
3659 # define sqlite3StackAllocZero(D,N)  memset(alloca(N), 0, N)
3660 # define sqlite3StackFree(D,P)
3661 #else
3662 # define sqlite3StackAllocRaw(D,N)   sqlite3DbMallocRaw(D,N)
3663 # define sqlite3StackAllocZero(D,N)  sqlite3DbMallocZero(D,N)
3664 # define sqlite3StackFree(D,P)       sqlite3DbFree(D,P)
3665 #endif
3666 
3667 /* Do not allow both MEMSYS5 and MEMSYS3 to be defined together.  If they
3668 ** are, disable MEMSYS3
3669 */
3670 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5
3671 const sqlite3_mem_methods *sqlite3MemGetMemsys5(void);
3672 #undef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3
3673 #endif
3674 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3
3675 const sqlite3_mem_methods *sqlite3MemGetMemsys3(void);
3676 #endif
3677 
3678 
3679 #ifndef SQLITE_MUTEX_OMIT
3680   sqlite3_mutex_methods const *sqlite3DefaultMutex(void);
3681   sqlite3_mutex_methods const *sqlite3NoopMutex(void);
3682   sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3MutexAlloc(int);
3683   int sqlite3MutexInit(void);
3684   int sqlite3MutexEnd(void);
3685 #endif
3686 #if !defined(SQLITE_MUTEX_OMIT) && !defined(SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP)
3687   void sqlite3MemoryBarrier(void);
3688 #else
3689 # define sqlite3MemoryBarrier()
3690 #endif
3691 
3692 sqlite3_int64 sqlite3StatusValue(int);
3693 void sqlite3StatusUp(int, int);
3694 void sqlite3StatusDown(int, int);
3695 void sqlite3StatusHighwater(int, int);
3696 int sqlite3LookasideUsed(sqlite3*,int*);
3697 
3698 /* Access to mutexes used by sqlite3_status() */
3699 sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3Pcache1Mutex(void);
3700 sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3MallocMutex(void);
3701 
3702 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_CHECKS) && !defined(SQLITE_MUTEX_OMIT)
3703 void sqlite3MutexWarnOnContention(sqlite3_mutex*);
3704 #else
3705 # define sqlite3MutexWarnOnContention(x)
3706 #endif
3707 
3708 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
3709   int sqlite3IsNaN(double);
3710 #else
3711 # define sqlite3IsNaN(X)  0
3712 #endif
3713 
3714 /*
3715 ** An instance of the following structure holds information about SQL
3716 ** functions arguments that are the parameters to the printf() function.
3717 */
3718 struct PrintfArguments {
3719   int nArg;                /* Total number of arguments */
3720   int nUsed;               /* Number of arguments used so far */
3721   sqlite3_value **apArg;   /* The argument values */
3722 };
3723 
3724 char *sqlite3MPrintf(sqlite3*,const char*, ...);
3725 char *sqlite3VMPrintf(sqlite3*,const char*, va_list);
3726 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE)
3727   void sqlite3DebugPrintf(const char*, ...);
3728 #endif
3729 #if defined(SQLITE_TEST)
3730   void *sqlite3TestTextToPtr(const char*);
3731 #endif
3732 
3733 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
3734   void sqlite3TreeViewExpr(TreeView*, const Expr*, u8);
3735   void sqlite3TreeViewBareExprList(TreeView*, const ExprList*, const char*);
3736   void sqlite3TreeViewExprList(TreeView*, const ExprList*, u8, const char*);
3737   void sqlite3TreeViewSelect(TreeView*, const Select*, u8);
3738   void sqlite3TreeViewWith(TreeView*, const With*, u8);
3739 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
3740   void sqlite3TreeViewWindow(TreeView*, const Window*, u8);
3741   void sqlite3TreeViewWinFunc(TreeView*, const Window*, u8);
3742 #endif
3743 #endif
3744 
3745 
3746 void sqlite3SetString(char **, sqlite3*, const char*);
3747 void sqlite3ErrorMsg(Parse*, const char*, ...);
3748 void sqlite3Dequote(char*);
3749 void sqlite3TokenInit(Token*,char*);
3750 int sqlite3KeywordCode(const unsigned char*, int);
3751 int sqlite3RunParser(Parse*, const char*, char **);
3752 void sqlite3FinishCoding(Parse*);
3753 int sqlite3GetTempReg(Parse*);
3754 void sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(Parse*,int);
3755 int sqlite3GetTempRange(Parse*,int);
3756 void sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(Parse*,int,int);
3757 void sqlite3ClearTempRegCache(Parse*);
3758 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3759 int sqlite3NoTempsInRange(Parse*,int,int);
3760 #endif
3761 Expr *sqlite3ExprAlloc(sqlite3*,int,const Token*,int);
3762 Expr *sqlite3Expr(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
3763 void sqlite3ExprAttachSubtrees(sqlite3*,Expr*,Expr*,Expr*);
3764 Expr *sqlite3PExpr(Parse*, int, Expr*, Expr*);
3765 void sqlite3PExprAddSelect(Parse*, Expr*, Select*);
3766 Expr *sqlite3ExprAnd(sqlite3*,Expr*, Expr*);
3767 Expr *sqlite3ExprFunction(Parse*,ExprList*, Token*, int);
3768 void sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(Parse*, Expr*, u32);
3769 void sqlite3ExprDelete(sqlite3*, Expr*);
3770 ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppend(Parse*,ExprList*,Expr*);
3771 ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppendVector(Parse*,ExprList*,IdList*,Expr*);
3772 void sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(ExprList*,int);
3773 void sqlite3ExprListSetName(Parse*,ExprList*,Token*,int);
3774 void sqlite3ExprListSetSpan(Parse*,ExprList*,const char*,const char*);
3775 void sqlite3ExprListDelete(sqlite3*, ExprList*);
3776 u32 sqlite3ExprListFlags(const ExprList*);
3777 int sqlite3Init(sqlite3*, char**);
3778 int sqlite3InitCallback(void*, int, char**, char**);
3779 void sqlite3Pragma(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,int);
3780 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
3781 Module *sqlite3PragmaVtabRegister(sqlite3*,const char *zName);
3782 #endif
3783 void sqlite3ResetAllSchemasOfConnection(sqlite3*);
3784 void sqlite3ResetOneSchema(sqlite3*,int);
3785 void sqlite3CollapseDatabaseArray(sqlite3*);
3786 void sqlite3CommitInternalChanges(sqlite3*);
3787 void sqlite3DeleteColumnNames(sqlite3*,Table*);
3788 int sqlite3ColumnsFromExprList(Parse*,ExprList*,i16*,Column**);
3789 void sqlite3SelectAddColumnTypeAndCollation(Parse*,Table*,Select*);
3790 Table *sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(Parse*,Select*);
3791 void sqlite3OpenMasterTable(Parse *, int);
3792 Index *sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(Table*);
3793 i16 sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(Index*, i16);
3794 void sqlite3StartTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,int,int,int,int);
3795 #if SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
3796   void sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(Table*, Column*);
3797 #else
3798 # define sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(T,C) /* no-op */
3799 #endif
3800 void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse*,Token*,Token*);
3801 void sqlite3AddNotNull(Parse*, int);
3802 void sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, int);
3803 void sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(Parse*, Expr*);
3804 void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(Parse*,Expr*,const char*,const char*);
3805 void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse*, Token*);
3806 void sqlite3EndTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,u8,Select*);
3807 int sqlite3ParseUri(const char*,const char*,unsigned int*,
3808                     sqlite3_vfs**,char**,char **);
3809 Btree *sqlite3DbNameToBtree(sqlite3*,const char*);
3810 
3811 #ifdef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
3812 # define sqlite3FaultSim(X) SQLITE_OK
3813 #else
3814   int sqlite3FaultSim(int);
3815 #endif
3816 
3817 Bitvec *sqlite3BitvecCreate(u32);
3818 int sqlite3BitvecTest(Bitvec*, u32);
3819 int sqlite3BitvecTestNotNull(Bitvec*, u32);
3820 int sqlite3BitvecSet(Bitvec*, u32);
3821 void sqlite3BitvecClear(Bitvec*, u32, void*);
3822 void sqlite3BitvecDestroy(Bitvec*);
3823 u32 sqlite3BitvecSize(Bitvec*);
3824 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
3825 int sqlite3BitvecBuiltinTest(int,int*);
3826 #endif
3827 
3828 RowSet *sqlite3RowSetInit(sqlite3*);
3829 void sqlite3RowSetDelete(void*);
3830 void sqlite3RowSetClear(void*);
3831 void sqlite3RowSetInsert(RowSet*, i64);
3832 int sqlite3RowSetTest(RowSet*, int iBatch, i64);
3833 int sqlite3RowSetNext(RowSet*, i64*);
3834 
3835 void sqlite3CreateView(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,ExprList*,Select*,int,int);
3836 
3837 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
3838   int sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(Parse*,Table*);
3839 #else
3840 # define sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(A,B) 0
3841 #endif
3842 
3843 #if SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED>30
3844   int sqlite3DbMaskAllZero(yDbMask);
3845 #endif
3846 void sqlite3DropTable(Parse*, SrcList*, int, int);
3847 void sqlite3CodeDropTable(Parse*, Table*, int, int);
3848 void sqlite3DeleteTable(sqlite3*, Table*);
3849 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
3850   void sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(Parse *pParse);
3851   void sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(Parse *pParse);
3852 #else
3853 # define sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(X)
3854 # define sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(X)
3855 #endif
3856 void sqlite3Insert(Parse*, SrcList*, Select*, IdList*, int, Upsert*);
3857 void *sqlite3ArrayAllocate(sqlite3*,void*,int,int*,int*);
3858 IdList *sqlite3IdListAppend(sqlite3*, IdList*, Token*);
3859 int sqlite3IdListIndex(IdList*,const char*);
3860 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListEnlarge(sqlite3*, SrcList*, int, int);
3861 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppend(sqlite3*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*);
3862 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*,
3863                                       Token*, Select*, Expr*, IdList*);
3864 void sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(Parse *, SrcList *, Token *);
3865 void sqlite3SrcListFuncArgs(Parse*, SrcList*, ExprList*);
3866 int sqlite3IndexedByLookup(Parse *, struct SrcList_item *);
3867 void sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(SrcList*);
3868 void sqlite3SrcListAssignCursors(Parse*, SrcList*);
3869 void sqlite3IdListDelete(sqlite3*, IdList*);
3870 void sqlite3SrcListDelete(sqlite3*, SrcList*);
3871 Index *sqlite3AllocateIndexObject(sqlite3*,i16,int,char**);
3872 void sqlite3CreateIndex(Parse*,Token*,Token*,SrcList*,ExprList*,int,Token*,
3873                           Expr*, int, int, u8);
3874 void sqlite3DropIndex(Parse*, SrcList*, int);
3875 int sqlite3Select(Parse*, Select*, SelectDest*);
3876 Select *sqlite3SelectNew(Parse*,ExprList*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,
3877                          Expr*,ExprList*,u32,Expr*);
3878 void sqlite3SelectDelete(sqlite3*, Select*);
3879 Table *sqlite3SrcListLookup(Parse*, SrcList*);
3880 int sqlite3IsReadOnly(Parse*, Table*, int);
3881 void sqlite3OpenTable(Parse*, int iCur, int iDb, Table*, int);
3882 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY)
3883 Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(Parse*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,Expr*,char*);
3884 #endif
3885 void sqlite3DeleteFrom(Parse*, SrcList*, Expr*, ExprList*, Expr*);
3886 void sqlite3Update(Parse*, SrcList*, ExprList*,Expr*,int,ExprList*,Expr*,
3887                    Upsert*);
3888 WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(Parse*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,ExprList*,u16,int);
3889 void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo*);
3890 LogEst sqlite3WhereOutputRowCount(WhereInfo*);
3891 int sqlite3WhereIsDistinct(WhereInfo*);
3892 int sqlite3WhereIsOrdered(WhereInfo*);
3893 int sqlite3WhereOrderedInnerLoop(WhereInfo*);
3894 int sqlite3WhereIsSorted(WhereInfo*);
3895 int sqlite3WhereContinueLabel(WhereInfo*);
3896 int sqlite3WhereBreakLabel(WhereInfo*);
3897 int sqlite3WhereOkOnePass(WhereInfo*, int*);
3898 #define ONEPASS_OFF      0        /* Use of ONEPASS not allowed */
3899 #define ONEPASS_SINGLE   1        /* ONEPASS valid for a single row update */
3900 #define ONEPASS_MULTI    2        /* ONEPASS is valid for multiple rows */
3901 void sqlite3ExprCodeLoadIndexColumn(Parse*, Index*, int, int, int);
3902 int sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int, u8);
3903 void sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(Vdbe*, Table*, int, int, int);
3904 void sqlite3ExprCodeMove(Parse*, int, int, int);
3905 void sqlite3ExprCode(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3906 void sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3907 void sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3908 int sqlite3ExprCodeAtInit(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3909 int sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(Parse*, Expr*, int*);
3910 int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3911 void sqlite3ExprCodeAndCache(Parse*, Expr*, int);
3912 int sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, u8);
3913 #define SQLITE_ECEL_DUP      0x01  /* Deep, not shallow copies */
3914 #define SQLITE_ECEL_FACTOR   0x02  /* Factor out constant terms */
3915 #define SQLITE_ECEL_REF      0x04  /* Use ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */
3916 #define SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF  0x08  /* Omit if ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */
3917 void sqlite3ExprIfTrue(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
3918 void sqlite3ExprIfFalse(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
3919 void sqlite3ExprIfFalseDup(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
3920 Table *sqlite3FindTable(sqlite3*,const char*, const char*);
3921 #define LOCATE_VIEW    0x01
3922 #define LOCATE_NOERR   0x02
3923 Table *sqlite3LocateTable(Parse*,u32 flags,const char*, const char*);
3924 Table *sqlite3LocateTableItem(Parse*,u32 flags,struct SrcList_item *);
3925 Index *sqlite3FindIndex(sqlite3*,const char*, const char*);
3926 void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTable(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
3927 void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteIndex(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
3928 void sqlite3Vacuum(Parse*,Token*);
3929 int sqlite3RunVacuum(char**, sqlite3*, int);
3930 char *sqlite3NameFromToken(sqlite3*, Token*);
3931 int sqlite3ExprCompare(Parse*,Expr*, Expr*, int);
3932 int sqlite3ExprCompareSkip(Expr*, Expr*, int);
3933 int sqlite3ExprListCompare(ExprList*, ExprList*, int);
3934 int sqlite3ExprImpliesExpr(Parse*,Expr*, Expr*, int);
3935 int sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(Expr*,int);
3936 void sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggregates(NameContext*, Expr*);
3937 void sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggList(NameContext*,ExprList*);
3938 int sqlite3ExprCoveredByIndex(Expr*, int iCur, Index *pIdx);
3939 int sqlite3FunctionUsesThisSrc(Expr*, SrcList*);
3940 Vdbe *sqlite3GetVdbe(Parse*);
3941 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
3942 void sqlite3PrngSaveState(void);
3943 void sqlite3PrngRestoreState(void);
3944 #endif
3945 void sqlite3RollbackAll(sqlite3*,int);
3946 void sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(Parse*, int);
3947 void sqlite3CodeVerifyNamedSchema(Parse*, const char *zDb);
3948 void sqlite3BeginTransaction(Parse*, int);
3949 void sqlite3EndTransaction(Parse*,int);
3950 void sqlite3Savepoint(Parse*, int, Token*);
3951 void sqlite3CloseSavepoints(sqlite3 *);
3952 void sqlite3LeaveMutexAndCloseZombie(sqlite3*);
3953 int sqlite3ExprIdToTrueFalse(Expr*);
3954 int sqlite3ExprTruthValue(const Expr*);
3955 int sqlite3ExprIsConstant(Expr*);
3956 int sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(Expr*);
3957 int sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrFunction(Expr*, u8);
3958 int sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrGroupBy(Parse*, Expr*, ExprList*);
3959 int sqlite3ExprIsTableConstant(Expr*,int);
3960 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CURSOR_HINTS
3961 int sqlite3ExprContainsSubquery(Expr*);
3962 #endif
3963 int sqlite3ExprIsInteger(Expr*, int*);
3964 int sqlite3ExprCanBeNull(const Expr*);
3965 int sqlite3ExprNeedsNoAffinityChange(const Expr*, char);
3966 int sqlite3IsRowid(const char*);
3967 void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
3968     Parse*,Table*,Trigger*,int,int,int,i16,u8,u8,u8,int);
3969 void sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int*, int);
3970 int sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(Parse*, Index*, int, int, int, int*,Index*,int);
3971 void sqlite3ResolvePartIdxLabel(Parse*,int);
3972 void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(Parse*,Table*,int*,int,int,int,int,
3973                                      u8,u8,int,int*,int*,Upsert*);
3974 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NULL_TRIM
3975   void sqlite3SetMakeRecordP5(Vdbe*,Table*);
3976 #else
3977 # define sqlite3SetMakeRecordP5(A,B)
3978 #endif
3979 void sqlite3CompleteInsertion(Parse*,Table*,int,int,int,int*,int,int,int);
3980 int sqlite3OpenTableAndIndices(Parse*, Table*, int, u8, int, u8*, int*, int*);
3981 void sqlite3BeginWriteOperation(Parse*, int, int);
3982 void sqlite3MultiWrite(Parse*);
3983 void sqlite3MayAbort(Parse*);
3984 void sqlite3HaltConstraint(Parse*, int, int, char*, i8, u8);
3985 void sqlite3UniqueConstraint(Parse*, int, Index*);
3986 void sqlite3RowidConstraint(Parse*, int, Table*);
3987 Expr *sqlite3ExprDup(sqlite3*,Expr*,int);
3988 ExprList *sqlite3ExprListDup(sqlite3*,ExprList*,int);
3989 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListDup(sqlite3*,SrcList*,int);
3990 IdList *sqlite3IdListDup(sqlite3*,IdList*);
3991 Select *sqlite3SelectDup(sqlite3*,Select*,int);
3992 void sqlite3InsertBuiltinFuncs(FuncDef*,int);
3993 FuncDef *sqlite3FindFunction(sqlite3*,const char*,int,u8,u8);
3994 void sqlite3RegisterBuiltinFunctions(void);
3995 void sqlite3RegisterDateTimeFunctions(void);
3996 void sqlite3RegisterPerConnectionBuiltinFunctions(sqlite3*);
3997 int sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(sqlite3*);
3998 int sqlite3SafetyCheckSickOrOk(sqlite3*);
3999 void sqlite3ChangeCookie(Parse*, int);
4000 
4001 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
4002 void sqlite3MaterializeView(Parse*, Table*, Expr*, ExprList*,Expr*,int);
4003 #endif
4004 
4005 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
4006   void sqlite3BeginTrigger(Parse*, Token*,Token*,int,int,IdList*,SrcList*,
4007                            Expr*,int, int);
4008   void sqlite3FinishTrigger(Parse*, TriggerStep*, Token*);
4009   void sqlite3DropTrigger(Parse*, SrcList*, int);
4010   void sqlite3DropTriggerPtr(Parse*, Trigger*);
4011   Trigger *sqlite3TriggersExist(Parse *, Table*, int, ExprList*, int *pMask);
4012   Trigger *sqlite3TriggerList(Parse *, Table *);
4013   void sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(Parse*, Trigger *, int, ExprList*, int, Table *,
4014                             int, int, int);
4015   void sqlite3CodeRowTriggerDirect(Parse *, Trigger *, Table *, int, int, int);
4016   void sqliteViewTriggers(Parse*, Table*, Expr*, int, ExprList*);
4017   void sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep(sqlite3*, TriggerStep*);
4018   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerSelectStep(sqlite3*,Select*,
4019                                         const char*,const char*);
4020   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(sqlite3*,Token*, IdList*,
4021                                         Select*,u8,Upsert*,
4022                                         const char*,const char*);
4023   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerUpdateStep(sqlite3*,Token*,ExprList*, Expr*, u8,
4024                                         const char*,const char*);
4025   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerDeleteStep(sqlite3*,Token*, Expr*,
4026                                         const char*,const char*);
4027   void sqlite3DeleteTrigger(sqlite3*, Trigger*);
4028   void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTrigger(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
4029   u32 sqlite3TriggerColmask(Parse*,Trigger*,ExprList*,int,int,Table*,int);
4030 # define sqlite3ParseToplevel(p) ((p)->pToplevel ? (p)->pToplevel : (p))
4031 # define sqlite3IsToplevel(p) ((p)->pToplevel==0)
4032 #else
4033 # define sqlite3TriggersExist(B,C,D,E,F) 0
4034 # define sqlite3DeleteTrigger(A,B)
4035 # define sqlite3DropTriggerPtr(A,B)
4036 # define sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTrigger(A,B,C)
4037 # define sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I)
4038 # define sqlite3CodeRowTriggerDirect(A,B,C,D,E,F)
4039 # define sqlite3TriggerList(X, Y) 0
4040 # define sqlite3ParseToplevel(p) p
4041 # define sqlite3IsToplevel(p) 1
4042 # define sqlite3TriggerColmask(A,B,C,D,E,F,G) 0
4043 #endif
4044 
4045 int sqlite3JoinType(Parse*, Token*, Token*, Token*);
4046 void sqlite3CreateForeignKey(Parse*, ExprList*, Token*, ExprList*, int);
4047 void sqlite3DeferForeignKey(Parse*, int);
4048 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
4049   void sqlite3AuthRead(Parse*,Expr*,Schema*,SrcList*);
4050   int sqlite3AuthCheck(Parse*,int, const char*, const char*, const char*);
4051   void sqlite3AuthContextPush(Parse*, AuthContext*, const char*);
4052   void sqlite3AuthContextPop(AuthContext*);
4053   int sqlite3AuthReadCol(Parse*, const char *, const char *, int);
4054 #else
4055 # define sqlite3AuthRead(a,b,c,d)
4056 # define sqlite3AuthCheck(a,b,c,d,e)    SQLITE_OK
4057 # define sqlite3AuthContextPush(a,b,c)
4058 # define sqlite3AuthContextPop(a)  ((void)(a))
4059 #endif
4060 void sqlite3Attach(Parse*, Expr*, Expr*, Expr*);
4061 void sqlite3Detach(Parse*, Expr*);
4062 void sqlite3FixInit(DbFixer*, Parse*, int, const char*, const Token*);
4063 int sqlite3FixSrcList(DbFixer*, SrcList*);
4064 int sqlite3FixSelect(DbFixer*, Select*);
4065 int sqlite3FixExpr(DbFixer*, Expr*);
4066 int sqlite3FixExprList(DbFixer*, ExprList*);
4067 int sqlite3FixTriggerStep(DbFixer*, TriggerStep*);
4068 int sqlite3AtoF(const char *z, double*, int, u8);
4069 int sqlite3GetInt32(const char *, int*);
4070 int sqlite3Atoi(const char*);
4071 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
4072 int sqlite3Utf16ByteLen(const void *pData, int nChar);
4073 #endif
4074 int sqlite3Utf8CharLen(const char *pData, int nByte);
4075 u32 sqlite3Utf8Read(const u8**);
4076 LogEst sqlite3LogEst(u64);
4077 LogEst sqlite3LogEstAdd(LogEst,LogEst);
4078 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
4079 LogEst sqlite3LogEstFromDouble(double);
4080 #endif
4081 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS) || \
4082     defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4) || \
4083     defined(SQLITE_EXPLAIN_ESTIMATED_ROWS)
4084 u64 sqlite3LogEstToInt(LogEst);
4085 #endif
4086 VList *sqlite3VListAdd(sqlite3*,VList*,const char*,int,int);
4087 const char *sqlite3VListNumToName(VList*,int);
4088 int sqlite3VListNameToNum(VList*,const char*,int);
4089 
4090 /*
4091 ** Routines to read and write variable-length integers.  These used to
4092 ** be defined locally, but now we use the varint routines in the util.c
4093 ** file.
4094 */
4095 int sqlite3PutVarint(unsigned char*, u64);
4096 u8 sqlite3GetVarint(const unsigned char *, u64 *);
4097 u8 sqlite3GetVarint32(const unsigned char *, u32 *);
4098 int sqlite3VarintLen(u64 v);
4099 
4100 /*
4101 ** The common case is for a varint to be a single byte.  They following
4102 ** macros handle the common case without a procedure call, but then call
4103 ** the procedure for larger varints.
4104 */
4105 #define getVarint32(A,B)  \
4106   (u8)((*(A)<(u8)0x80)?((B)=(u32)*(A)),1:sqlite3GetVarint32((A),(u32 *)&(B)))
4107 #define putVarint32(A,B)  \
4108   (u8)(((u32)(B)<(u32)0x80)?(*(A)=(unsigned char)(B)),1:\
4109   sqlite3PutVarint((A),(B)))
4110 #define getVarint    sqlite3GetVarint
4111 #define putVarint    sqlite3PutVarint
4112 
4113 
4114 const char *sqlite3IndexAffinityStr(sqlite3*, Index*);
4115 void sqlite3TableAffinity(Vdbe*, Table*, int);
4116 char sqlite3CompareAffinity(Expr *pExpr, char aff2);
4117 int sqlite3IndexAffinityOk(Expr *pExpr, char idx_affinity);
4118 char sqlite3TableColumnAffinity(Table*,int);
4119 char sqlite3ExprAffinity(Expr *pExpr);
4120 int sqlite3Atoi64(const char*, i64*, int, u8);
4121 int sqlite3DecOrHexToI64(const char*, i64*);
4122 void sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(sqlite3*, int, const char*,...);
4123 void sqlite3Error(sqlite3*,int);
4124 void sqlite3SystemError(sqlite3*,int);
4125 void *sqlite3HexToBlob(sqlite3*, const char *z, int n);
4126 u8 sqlite3HexToInt(int h);
4127 int sqlite3TwoPartName(Parse *, Token *, Token *, Token **);
4128 
4129 #if defined(SQLITE_NEED_ERR_NAME)
4130 const char *sqlite3ErrName(int);
4131 #endif
4132 
4133 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE
4134 int sqlite3MemdbInit(void);
4135 #endif
4136 
4137 const char *sqlite3ErrStr(int);
4138 int sqlite3ReadSchema(Parse *pParse);
4139 CollSeq *sqlite3FindCollSeq(sqlite3*,u8 enc, const char*,int);
4140 int sqlite3IsBinary(const CollSeq*);
4141 CollSeq *sqlite3LocateCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const char*zName);
4142 CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr);
4143 CollSeq *sqlite3ExprNNCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr);
4144 int sqlite3ExprCollSeqMatch(Parse*,Expr*,Expr*);
4145 Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateToken(Parse *pParse, Expr*, const Token*, int);
4146 Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(Parse*,Expr*,const char*);
4147 Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(Expr*);
4148 int sqlite3CheckCollSeq(Parse *, CollSeq *);
4149 int sqlite3CheckObjectName(Parse *, const char *);
4150 void sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(sqlite3 *, int);
4151 int sqlite3AddInt64(i64*,i64);
4152 int sqlite3SubInt64(i64*,i64);
4153 int sqlite3MulInt64(i64*,i64);
4154 int sqlite3AbsInt32(int);
4155 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES
4156 void sqlite3FileSuffix3(const char*, char*);
4157 #else
4158 # define sqlite3FileSuffix3(X,Y)
4159 #endif
4160 u8 sqlite3GetBoolean(const char *z,u8);
4161 
4162 const void *sqlite3ValueText(sqlite3_value*, u8);
4163 int sqlite3ValueBytes(sqlite3_value*, u8);
4164 void sqlite3ValueSetStr(sqlite3_value*, int, const void *,u8,
4165                         void(*)(void*));
4166 void sqlite3ValueSetNull(sqlite3_value*);
4167 void sqlite3ValueFree(sqlite3_value*);
4168 sqlite3_value *sqlite3ValueNew(sqlite3 *);
4169 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
4170 char *sqlite3Utf16to8(sqlite3 *, const void*, int, u8);
4171 #endif
4172 int sqlite3ValueFromExpr(sqlite3 *, Expr *, u8, u8, sqlite3_value **);
4173 void sqlite3ValueApplyAffinity(sqlite3_value *, u8, u8);
4174 #ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
4175 extern const unsigned char sqlite3OpcodeProperty[];
4176 extern const char sqlite3StrBINARY[];
4177 extern const unsigned char sqlite3UpperToLower[];
4178 extern const unsigned char sqlite3CtypeMap[];
4179 extern const Token sqlite3IntTokens[];
4180 extern SQLITE_WSD struct Sqlite3Config sqlite3Config;
4181 extern FuncDefHash sqlite3BuiltinFunctions;
4182 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
4183 extern int sqlite3PendingByte;
4184 #endif
4185 #endif
4186 #ifdef VDBE_PROFILE
4187 extern sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3NProfileCnt;
4188 #endif
4189 void sqlite3RootPageMoved(sqlite3*, int, int, int);
4190 void sqlite3Reindex(Parse*, Token*, Token*);
4191 void sqlite3AlterFunctions(void);
4192 void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*);
4193 int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *, int *);
4194 void sqlite3NestedParse(Parse*, const char*, ...);
4195 void sqlite3ExpirePreparedStatements(sqlite3*, int);
4196 int sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse*, Expr *, int, int);
4197 void sqlite3SelectPrep(Parse*, Select*, NameContext*);
4198 void sqlite3SelectWrongNumTermsError(Parse *pParse, Select *p);
4199 int sqlite3MatchSpanName(const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*);
4200 int sqlite3ResolveExprNames(NameContext*, Expr*);
4201 int sqlite3ResolveExprListNames(NameContext*, ExprList*);
4202 void sqlite3ResolveSelectNames(Parse*, Select*, NameContext*);
4203 void sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(Parse*,Table*,int,Expr*,ExprList*);
4204 int sqlite3ResolveOrderGroupBy(Parse*, Select*, ExprList*, const char*);
4205 void sqlite3ColumnDefault(Vdbe *, Table *, int, int);
4206 void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *, Token *);
4207 void sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(Parse *, SrcList *);
4208 CollSeq *sqlite3GetCollSeq(Parse*, u8, CollSeq *, const char*);
4209 char sqlite3AffinityType(const char*, Column*);
4210 void sqlite3Analyze(Parse*, Token*, Token*);
4211 int sqlite3InvokeBusyHandler(BusyHandler*, sqlite3_file*);
4212 int sqlite3FindDb(sqlite3*, Token*);
4213 int sqlite3FindDbName(sqlite3 *, const char *);
4214 int sqlite3AnalysisLoad(sqlite3*,int iDB);
4215 void sqlite3DeleteIndexSamples(sqlite3*,Index*);
4216 void sqlite3DefaultRowEst(Index*);
4217 void sqlite3RegisterLikeFunctions(sqlite3*, int);
4218 int sqlite3IsLikeFunction(sqlite3*,Expr*,int*,char*);
4219 void sqlite3SchemaClear(void *);
4220 Schema *sqlite3SchemaGet(sqlite3 *, Btree *);
4221 int sqlite3SchemaToIndex(sqlite3 *db, Schema *);
4222 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(sqlite3*,int,int);
4223 void sqlite3KeyInfoUnref(KeyInfo*);
4224 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoRef(KeyInfo*);
4225 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoOfIndex(Parse*, Index*);
4226 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int);
4227 
4228 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
4229 int sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(KeyInfo*);
4230 #endif
4231 int sqlite3CreateFunc(sqlite3 *, const char *, int, int, void *,
4232   void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
4233   void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
4234   void (*)(sqlite3_context*),
4235   void (*)(sqlite3_context*),
4236   void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
4237   FuncDestructor *pDestructor
4238 );
4239 void sqlite3NoopDestructor(void*);
4240 void sqlite3OomFault(sqlite3*);
4241 void sqlite3OomClear(sqlite3*);
4242 int sqlite3ApiExit(sqlite3 *db, int);
4243 int sqlite3OpenTempDatabase(Parse *);
4244 
4245 void sqlite3StrAccumInit(StrAccum*, sqlite3*, char*, int, int);
4246 char *sqlite3StrAccumFinish(StrAccum*);
4247 void sqlite3SelectDestInit(SelectDest*,int,int);
4248 Expr *sqlite3CreateColumnExpr(sqlite3 *, SrcList *, int, int);
4249 
4250 void sqlite3BackupRestart(sqlite3_backup *);
4251 void sqlite3BackupUpdate(sqlite3_backup *, Pgno, const u8 *);
4252 
4253 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
4254 int sqlite3ExprCheckIN(Parse*, Expr*);
4255 #else
4256 # define sqlite3ExprCheckIN(x,y) SQLITE_OK
4257 #endif
4258 
4259 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
4260 void sqlite3AnalyzeFunctions(void);
4261 int sqlite3Stat4ProbeSetValue(
4262     Parse*,Index*,UnpackedRecord**,Expr*,int,int,int*);
4263 int sqlite3Stat4ValueFromExpr(Parse*, Expr*, u8, sqlite3_value**);
4264 void sqlite3Stat4ProbeFree(UnpackedRecord*);
4265 int sqlite3Stat4Column(sqlite3*, const void*, int, int, sqlite3_value**);
4266 char sqlite3IndexColumnAffinity(sqlite3*, Index*, int);
4267 #endif
4268 
4269 /*
4270 ** The interface to the LEMON-generated parser
4271 */
4272 #ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
4273   void *sqlite3ParserAlloc(void*(*)(u64), Parse*);
4274   void sqlite3ParserFree(void*, void(*)(void*));
4275 #endif
4276 void sqlite3Parser(void*, int, Token);
4277 int sqlite3ParserFallback(int);
4278 #ifdef YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH
4279   int sqlite3ParserStackPeak(void*);
4280 #endif
4281 
4282 void sqlite3AutoLoadExtensions(sqlite3*);
4283 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
4284   void sqlite3CloseExtensions(sqlite3*);
4285 #else
4286 # define sqlite3CloseExtensions(X)
4287 #endif
4288 
4289 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
4290   void sqlite3TableLock(Parse *, int, int, u8, const char *);
4291 #else
4292   #define sqlite3TableLock(v,w,x,y,z)
4293 #endif
4294 
4295 #ifdef SQLITE_TEST
4296   int sqlite3Utf8To8(unsigned char*);
4297 #endif
4298 
4299 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
4300 #  define sqlite3VtabClear(Y)
4301 #  define sqlite3VtabSync(X,Y) SQLITE_OK
4302 #  define sqlite3VtabRollback(X)
4303 #  define sqlite3VtabCommit(X)
4304 #  define sqlite3VtabInSync(db) 0
4305 #  define sqlite3VtabLock(X)
4306 #  define sqlite3VtabUnlock(X)
4307 #  define sqlite3VtabUnlockList(X)
4308 #  define sqlite3VtabSavepoint(X, Y, Z) SQLITE_OK
4309 #  define sqlite3GetVTable(X,Y)  ((VTable*)0)
4310 #else
4311    void sqlite3VtabClear(sqlite3 *db, Table*);
4312    void sqlite3VtabDisconnect(sqlite3 *db, Table *p);
4313    int sqlite3VtabSync(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe*);
4314    int sqlite3VtabRollback(sqlite3 *db);
4315    int sqlite3VtabCommit(sqlite3 *db);
4316    void sqlite3VtabLock(VTable *);
4317    void sqlite3VtabUnlock(VTable *);
4318    void sqlite3VtabUnlockList(sqlite3*);
4319    int sqlite3VtabSavepoint(sqlite3 *, int, int);
4320    void sqlite3VtabImportErrmsg(Vdbe*, sqlite3_vtab*);
4321    VTable *sqlite3GetVTable(sqlite3*, Table*);
4322    Module *sqlite3VtabCreateModule(
4323      sqlite3*,
4324      const char*,
4325      const sqlite3_module*,
4326      void*,
4327      void(*)(void*)
4328    );
4329 #  define sqlite3VtabInSync(db) ((db)->nVTrans>0 && (db)->aVTrans==0)
4330 #endif
4331 int sqlite3VtabEponymousTableInit(Parse*,Module*);
4332 void sqlite3VtabEponymousTableClear(sqlite3*,Module*);
4333 void sqlite3VtabMakeWritable(Parse*,Table*);
4334 void sqlite3VtabBeginParse(Parse*, Token*, Token*, Token*, int);
4335 void sqlite3VtabFinishParse(Parse*, Token*);
4336 void sqlite3VtabArgInit(Parse*);
4337 void sqlite3VtabArgExtend(Parse*, Token*);
4338 int sqlite3VtabCallCreate(sqlite3*, int, const char *, char **);
4339 int sqlite3VtabCallConnect(Parse*, Table*);
4340 int sqlite3VtabCallDestroy(sqlite3*, int, const char *);
4341 int sqlite3VtabBegin(sqlite3 *, VTable *);
4342 FuncDef *sqlite3VtabOverloadFunction(sqlite3 *,FuncDef*, int nArg, Expr*);
4343 sqlite3_int64 sqlite3StmtCurrentTime(sqlite3_context*);
4344 int sqlite3VdbeParameterIndex(Vdbe*, const char*, int);
4345 int sqlite3TransferBindings(sqlite3_stmt *, sqlite3_stmt *);
4346 void sqlite3ParserReset(Parse*);
4347 int sqlite3Reprepare(Vdbe*);
4348 void sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(Parse*, ExprList*, const char*);
4349 CollSeq *sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(Parse *, Expr *, Expr *);
4350 int sqlite3TempInMemory(const sqlite3*);
4351 const char *sqlite3JournalModename(int);
4352 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
4353   int sqlite3Checkpoint(sqlite3*, int, int, int*, int*);
4354   int sqlite3WalDefaultHook(void*,sqlite3*,const char*,int);
4355 #endif
4356 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CTE
4357   With *sqlite3WithAdd(Parse*,With*,Token*,ExprList*,Select*);
4358   void sqlite3WithDelete(sqlite3*,With*);
4359   void sqlite3WithPush(Parse*, With*, u8);
4360 #else
4361 #define sqlite3WithPush(x,y,z)
4362 #define sqlite3WithDelete(x,y)
4363 #endif
4364 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UPSERT
4365   Upsert *sqlite3UpsertNew(sqlite3*,ExprList*,Expr*,ExprList*,Expr*);
4366   void sqlite3UpsertDelete(sqlite3*,Upsert*);
4367   Upsert *sqlite3UpsertDup(sqlite3*,Upsert*);
4368   int sqlite3UpsertAnalyzeTarget(Parse*,SrcList*,Upsert*);
4369   void sqlite3UpsertDoUpdate(Parse*,Upsert*,Table*,Index*,int);
4370 #else
4371 #define sqlite3UpsertNew(v,w,x,y,z) ((Upsert*)0)
4372 #define sqlite3UpsertDelete(x,y)
4373 #define sqlite3UpsertDup(x,y)       ((Upsert*)0)
4374 #endif
4375 
4376 
4377 /* Declarations for functions in fkey.c. All of these are replaced by
4378 ** no-op macros if OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY is defined. In this case no foreign
4379 ** key functionality is available. If OMIT_TRIGGER is defined but
4380 ** OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY is not, only some of the functions are no-oped. In
4381 ** this case foreign keys are parsed, but no other functionality is
4382 ** provided (enforcement of FK constraints requires the triggers sub-system).
4383 */
4384 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
4385   void sqlite3FkCheck(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int*, int);
4386   void sqlite3FkDropTable(Parse*, SrcList *, Table*);
4387   void sqlite3FkActions(Parse*, Table*, ExprList*, int, int*, int);
4388   int sqlite3FkRequired(Parse*, Table*, int*, int);
4389   u32 sqlite3FkOldmask(Parse*, Table*);
4390   FKey *sqlite3FkReferences(Table *);
4391 #else
4392   #define sqlite3FkActions(a,b,c,d,e,f)
4393   #define sqlite3FkCheck(a,b,c,d,e,f)
4394   #define sqlite3FkDropTable(a,b,c)
4395   #define sqlite3FkOldmask(a,b)         0
4396   #define sqlite3FkRequired(a,b,c,d)    0
4397   #define sqlite3FkReferences(a)        0
4398 #endif
4399 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
4400   void sqlite3FkDelete(sqlite3 *, Table*);
4401   int sqlite3FkLocateIndex(Parse*,Table*,FKey*,Index**,int**);
4402 #else
4403   #define sqlite3FkDelete(a,b)
4404   #define sqlite3FkLocateIndex(a,b,c,d,e)
4405 #endif
4406 
4407 
4408 /*
4409 ** Available fault injectors.  Should be numbered beginning with 0.
4410 */
4411 #define SQLITE_FAULTINJECTOR_MALLOC     0
4412 #define SQLITE_FAULTINJECTOR_COUNT      1
4413 
4414 /*
4415 ** The interface to the code in fault.c used for identifying "benign"
4416 ** malloc failures. This is only present if SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
4417 ** is not defined.
4418 */
4419 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
4420   void sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc(void);
4421   void sqlite3EndBenignMalloc(void);
4422 #else
4423   #define sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc()
4424   #define sqlite3EndBenignMalloc()
4425 #endif
4426 
4427 /*
4428 ** Allowed return values from sqlite3FindInIndex()
4429 */
4430 #define IN_INDEX_ROWID        1   /* Search the rowid of the table */
4431 #define IN_INDEX_EPH          2   /* Search an ephemeral b-tree */
4432 #define IN_INDEX_INDEX_ASC    3   /* Existing index ASCENDING */
4433 #define IN_INDEX_INDEX_DESC   4   /* Existing index DESCENDING */
4434 #define IN_INDEX_NOOP         5   /* No table available. Use comparisons */
4435 /*
4436 ** Allowed flags for the 3rd parameter to sqlite3FindInIndex().
4437 */
4438 #define IN_INDEX_NOOP_OK     0x0001  /* OK to return IN_INDEX_NOOP */
4439 #define IN_INDEX_MEMBERSHIP  0x0002  /* IN operator used for membership test */
4440 #define IN_INDEX_LOOP        0x0004  /* IN operator used as a loop */
4441 int sqlite3FindInIndex(Parse *, Expr *, u32, int*, int*);
4442 
4443 int sqlite3JournalOpen(sqlite3_vfs *, const char *, sqlite3_file *, int, int);
4444 int sqlite3JournalSize(sqlite3_vfs *);
4445 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE) \
4446  || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE)
4447   int sqlite3JournalCreate(sqlite3_file *);
4448 #endif
4449 
4450 int sqlite3JournalIsInMemory(sqlite3_file *p);
4451 void sqlite3MemJournalOpen(sqlite3_file *);
4452 
4453 void sqlite3ExprSetHeightAndFlags(Parse *pParse, Expr *p);
4454 #if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
4455   int sqlite3SelectExprHeight(Select *);
4456   int sqlite3ExprCheckHeight(Parse*, int);
4457 #else
4458   #define sqlite3SelectExprHeight(x) 0
4459   #define sqlite3ExprCheckHeight(x,y)
4460 #endif
4461 
4462 u32 sqlite3Get4byte(const u8*);
4463 void sqlite3Put4byte(u8*, u32);
4464 
4465 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY
4466   void sqlite3ConnectionBlocked(sqlite3 *, sqlite3 *);
4467   void sqlite3ConnectionUnlocked(sqlite3 *db);
4468   void sqlite3ConnectionClosed(sqlite3 *db);
4469 #else
4470   #define sqlite3ConnectionBlocked(x,y)
4471   #define sqlite3ConnectionUnlocked(x)
4472   #define sqlite3ConnectionClosed(x)
4473 #endif
4474 
4475 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
4476   void sqlite3ParserTrace(FILE*, char *);
4477 #endif
4478 #if defined(YYCOVERAGE)
4479   int sqlite3ParserCoverage(FILE*);
4480 #endif
4481 
4482 /*
4483 ** If the SQLITE_ENABLE IOTRACE exists then the global variable
4484 ** sqlite3IoTrace is a pointer to a printf-like routine used to
4485 ** print I/O tracing messages.
4486 */
4487 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
4488 # define IOTRACE(A)  if( sqlite3IoTrace ){ sqlite3IoTrace A; }
4489   void sqlite3VdbeIOTraceSql(Vdbe*);
4490 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN void (SQLITE_CDECL *sqlite3IoTrace)(const char*,...);
4491 #else
4492 # define IOTRACE(A)
4493 # define sqlite3VdbeIOTraceSql(X)
4494 #endif
4495 
4496 /*
4497 ** These routines are available for the mem2.c debugging memory allocator
4498 ** only.  They are used to verify that different "types" of memory
4499 ** allocations are properly tracked by the system.
4500 **
4501 ** sqlite3MemdebugSetType() sets the "type" of an allocation to one of
4502 ** the MEMTYPE_* macros defined below.  The type must be a bitmask with
4503 ** a single bit set.
4504 **
4505 ** sqlite3MemdebugHasType() returns true if any of the bits in its second
4506 ** argument match the type set by the previous sqlite3MemdebugSetType().
4507 ** sqlite3MemdebugHasType() is intended for use inside assert() statements.
4508 **
4509 ** sqlite3MemdebugNoType() returns true if none of the bits in its second
4510 ** argument match the type set by the previous sqlite3MemdebugSetType().
4511 **
4512 ** Perhaps the most important point is the difference between MEMTYPE_HEAP
4513 ** and MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE.  If an allocation is MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE, that means
4514 ** it might have been allocated by lookaside, except the allocation was
4515 ** too large or lookaside was already full.  It is important to verify
4516 ** that allocations that might have been satisfied by lookaside are not
4517 ** passed back to non-lookaside free() routines.  Asserts such as the
4518 ** example above are placed on the non-lookaside free() routines to verify
4519 ** this constraint.
4520 **
4521 ** All of this is no-op for a production build.  It only comes into
4522 ** play when the SQLITE_MEMDEBUG compile-time option is used.
4523 */
4524 #ifdef SQLITE_MEMDEBUG
4525   void sqlite3MemdebugSetType(void*,u8);
4526   int sqlite3MemdebugHasType(void*,u8);
4527   int sqlite3MemdebugNoType(void*,u8);
4528 #else
4529 # define sqlite3MemdebugSetType(X,Y)  /* no-op */
4530 # define sqlite3MemdebugHasType(X,Y)  1
4531 # define sqlite3MemdebugNoType(X,Y)   1
4532 #endif
4533 #define MEMTYPE_HEAP       0x01  /* General heap allocations */
4534 #define MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE  0x02  /* Heap that might have been lookaside */
4535 #define MEMTYPE_PCACHE     0x04  /* Page cache allocations */
4536 
4537 /*
4538 ** Threading interface
4539 */
4540 #if SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS>0
4541 int sqlite3ThreadCreate(SQLiteThread**,void*(*)(void*),void*);
4542 int sqlite3ThreadJoin(SQLiteThread*, void**);
4543 #endif
4544 
4545 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
4546 int sqlite3DbpageRegister(sqlite3*);
4547 #endif
4548 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
4549 int sqlite3DbstatRegister(sqlite3*);
4550 #endif
4551 
4552 int sqlite3ExprVectorSize(Expr *pExpr);
4553 int sqlite3ExprIsVector(Expr *pExpr);
4554 Expr *sqlite3VectorFieldSubexpr(Expr*, int);
4555 Expr *sqlite3ExprForVectorField(Parse*,Expr*,int);
4556 void sqlite3VectorErrorMsg(Parse*, Expr*);
4557 
4558 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
4559 const char **sqlite3CompileOptions(int *pnOpt);
4560 #endif
4561 
4562 #endif /* SQLITEINT_H */
4563