xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqliteInt.h (revision 6a5e2114)
1 /*
2 ** 2001 September 15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
13 **
14 */
15 #ifndef SQLITEINT_H
16 #define SQLITEINT_H
17 
18 /* Special Comments:
19 **
20 ** Some comments have special meaning to the tools that measure test
21 ** coverage:
22 **
23 **    NO_TEST                     - The branches on this line are not
24 **                                  measured by branch coverage.  This is
25 **                                  used on lines of code that actually
26 **                                  implement parts of coverage testing.
27 **
28 **    OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE        - This branch is allowed to alway be false
29 **                                  and the correct answer is still obtained,
30 **                                  though perhaps more slowly.
31 **
32 **    OPTIMIZATION-IF-FALSE       - This branch is allowed to alway be true
33 **                                  and the correct answer is still obtained,
34 **                                  though perhaps more slowly.
35 **
36 **    PREVENTS-HARMLESS-OVERREAD  - This branch prevents a buffer overread
37 **                                  that would be harmless and undetectable
38 **                                  if it did occur.
39 **
40 ** In all cases, the special comment must be enclosed in the usual
41 ** slash-asterisk...asterisk-slash comment marks, with no spaces between the
42 ** asterisks and the comment text.
43 */
44 
45 /*
46 ** Make sure the Tcl calling convention macro is defined.  This macro is
47 ** only used by test code and Tcl integration code.
48 */
49 #ifndef SQLITE_TCLAPI
50 #  define SQLITE_TCLAPI
51 #endif
52 
53 /*
54 ** Include the header file used to customize the compiler options for MSVC.
55 ** This should be done first so that it can successfully prevent spurious
56 ** compiler warnings due to subsequent content in this file and other files
57 ** that are included by this file.
58 */
59 #include "msvc.h"
60 
61 /*
62 ** Special setup for VxWorks
63 */
64 #include "vxworks.h"
65 
66 /*
67 ** These #defines should enable >2GB file support on POSIX if the
68 ** underlying operating system supports it.  If the OS lacks
69 ** large file support, or if the OS is windows, these should be no-ops.
70 **
71 ** Ticket #2739:  The _LARGEFILE_SOURCE macro must appear before any
72 ** system #includes.  Hence, this block of code must be the very first
73 ** code in all source files.
74 **
75 ** Large file support can be disabled using the -DSQLITE_DISABLE_LFS switch
76 ** on the compiler command line.  This is necessary if you are compiling
77 ** on a recent machine (ex: Red Hat 7.2) but you want your code to work
78 ** on an older machine (ex: Red Hat 6.0).  If you compile on Red Hat 7.2
79 ** without this option, LFS is enable.  But LFS does not exist in the kernel
80 ** in Red Hat 6.0, so the code won't work.  Hence, for maximum binary
81 ** portability you should omit LFS.
82 **
83 ** The previous paragraph was written in 2005.  (This paragraph is written
84 ** on 2008-11-28.) These days, all Linux kernels support large files, so
85 ** you should probably leave LFS enabled.  But some embedded platforms might
86 ** lack LFS in which case the SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS macro might still be useful.
87 **
88 ** Similar is true for Mac OS X.  LFS is only supported on Mac OS X 9 and later.
89 */
90 #ifndef SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS
91 # define _LARGE_FILE       1
92 # ifndef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS
93 #   define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
94 # endif
95 # define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
96 #endif
97 
98 /* The GCC_VERSION and MSVC_VERSION macros are used to
99 ** conditionally include optimizations for each of these compilers.  A
100 ** value of 0 means that compiler is not being used.  The
101 ** SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC macro means do not use any compiler-specific
102 ** optimizations, and hence set all compiler macros to 0
103 **
104 ** There was once also a CLANG_VERSION macro.  However, we learn that the
105 ** version numbers in clang are for "marketing" only and are inconsistent
106 ** and unreliable.  Fortunately, all versions of clang also recognize the
107 ** gcc version numbers and have reasonable settings for gcc version numbers,
108 ** so the GCC_VERSION macro will be set to a correct non-zero value even
109 ** when compiling with clang.
110 */
111 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC)
112 # define GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__*1000000+__GNUC_MINOR__*1000+__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
113 #else
114 # define GCC_VERSION 0
115 #endif
116 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC)
117 # define MSVC_VERSION _MSC_VER
118 #else
119 # define MSVC_VERSION 0
120 #endif
121 
122 /* Needed for various definitions... */
123 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
124 # define _GNU_SOURCE
125 #endif
126 
127 #if defined(__OpenBSD__) && !defined(_BSD_SOURCE)
128 # define _BSD_SOURCE
129 #endif
130 
131 /*
132 ** Macro to disable warnings about missing "break" at the end of a "case".
133 */
134 #if GCC_VERSION>=7000000
135 # define deliberate_fall_through __attribute__((fallthrough));
136 #else
137 # define deliberate_fall_through
138 #endif
139 
140 /*
141 ** For MinGW, check to see if we can include the header file containing its
142 ** version information, among other things.  Normally, this internal MinGW
143 ** header file would [only] be included automatically by other MinGW header
144 ** files; however, the contained version information is now required by this
145 ** header file to work around binary compatibility issues (see below) and
146 ** this is the only known way to reliably obtain it.  This entire #if block
147 ** would be completely unnecessary if there was any other way of detecting
148 ** MinGW via their preprocessor (e.g. if they customized their GCC to define
149 ** some MinGW-specific macros).  When compiling for MinGW, either the
150 ** _HAVE_MINGW_H or _HAVE__MINGW_H (note the extra underscore) macro must be
151 ** defined; otherwise, detection of conditions specific to MinGW will be
152 ** disabled.
153 */
154 #if defined(_HAVE_MINGW_H)
155 # include "mingw.h"
156 #elif defined(_HAVE__MINGW_H)
157 # include "_mingw.h"
158 #endif
159 
160 /*
161 ** For MinGW version 4.x (and higher), check to see if the _USE_32BIT_TIME_T
162 ** define is required to maintain binary compatibility with the MSVC runtime
163 ** library in use (e.g. for Windows XP).
164 */
165 #if !defined(_USE_32BIT_TIME_T) && !defined(_USE_64BIT_TIME_T) && \
166     defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN64) && \
167     defined(__MINGW_MAJOR_VERSION) && __MINGW_MAJOR_VERSION >= 4 && \
168     defined(__MSVCRT__)
169 # define _USE_32BIT_TIME_T
170 #endif
171 
172 /* The public SQLite interface.  The _FILE_OFFSET_BITS macro must appear
173 ** first in QNX.  Also, the _USE_32BIT_TIME_T macro must appear first for
174 ** MinGW.
175 */
176 #include "sqlite3.h"
177 
178 /*
179 ** Include the configuration header output by 'configure' if we're using the
180 ** autoconf-based build
181 */
182 #if defined(_HAVE_SQLITE_CONFIG_H) && !defined(SQLITECONFIG_H)
183 #include "config.h"
184 #define SQLITECONFIG_H 1
185 #endif
186 
187 #include "sqliteLimit.h"
188 
189 /* Disable nuisance warnings on Borland compilers */
190 #if defined(__BORLANDC__)
191 #pragma warn -rch /* unreachable code */
192 #pragma warn -ccc /* Condition is always true or false */
193 #pragma warn -aus /* Assigned value is never used */
194 #pragma warn -csu /* Comparing signed and unsigned */
195 #pragma warn -spa /* Suspicious pointer arithmetic */
196 #endif
197 
198 /*
199 ** WAL mode depends on atomic aligned 32-bit loads and stores in a few
200 ** places.  The following macros try to make this explicit.
201 */
202 #ifndef __has_extension
203 # define __has_extension(x) 0     /* compatibility with non-clang compilers */
204 #endif
205 #if GCC_VERSION>=4007000 || __has_extension(c_atomic)
206 # define AtomicLoad(PTR)       __atomic_load_n((PTR),__ATOMIC_RELAXED)
207 # define AtomicStore(PTR,VAL)  __atomic_store_n((PTR),(VAL),__ATOMIC_RELAXED)
208 #else
209 # define AtomicLoad(PTR)       (*(PTR))
210 # define AtomicStore(PTR,VAL)  (*(PTR) = (VAL))
211 #endif
212 
213 /*
214 ** Include standard header files as necessary
215 */
216 #ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
217 #include <stdint.h>
218 #endif
219 #ifdef HAVE_INTTYPES_H
220 #include <inttypes.h>
221 #endif
222 
223 /*
224 ** The following macros are used to cast pointers to integers and
225 ** integers to pointers.  The way you do this varies from one compiler
226 ** to the next, so we have developed the following set of #if statements
227 ** to generate appropriate macros for a wide range of compilers.
228 **
229 ** The correct "ANSI" way to do this is to use the intptr_t type.
230 ** Unfortunately, that typedef is not available on all compilers, or
231 ** if it is available, it requires an #include of specific headers
232 ** that vary from one machine to the next.
233 **
234 ** Ticket #3860:  The llvm-gcc-4.2 compiler from Apple chokes on
235 ** the ((void*)&((char*)0)[X]) construct.  But MSVC chokes on ((void*)(X)).
236 ** So we have to define the macros in different ways depending on the
237 ** compiler.
238 */
239 #if defined(HAVE_STDINT_H)   /* Use this case if we have ANSI headers */
240 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)(intptr_t)(X))
241 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(intptr_t)(X))
242 #elif defined(__PTRDIFF_TYPE__)  /* This case should work for GCC */
243 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)(__PTRDIFF_TYPE__)(X))
244 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(__PTRDIFF_TYPE__)(X))
245 #elif !defined(__GNUC__)       /* Works for compilers other than LLVM */
246 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)&((char*)0)[X])
247 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(((char*)X)-(char*)0))
248 #else                          /* Generates a warning - but it always works */
249 # define SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(X)  ((void*)(X))
250 # define SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(X)  ((int)(X))
251 #endif
252 
253 /*
254 ** A macro to hint to the compiler that a function should not be
255 ** inlined.
256 */
257 #if defined(__GNUC__)
258 #  define SQLITE_NOINLINE  __attribute__((noinline))
259 #elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1310
260 #  define SQLITE_NOINLINE  __declspec(noinline)
261 #else
262 #  define SQLITE_NOINLINE
263 #endif
264 
265 /*
266 ** Make sure that the compiler intrinsics we desire are enabled when
267 ** compiling with an appropriate version of MSVC unless prevented by
268 ** the SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC define.
269 */
270 #if !defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC)
271 #  if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1400
272 #    if !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
273 #      include <intrin.h>
274 #      pragma intrinsic(_byteswap_ushort)
275 #      pragma intrinsic(_byteswap_ulong)
276 #      pragma intrinsic(_byteswap_uint64)
277 #      pragma intrinsic(_ReadWriteBarrier)
278 #    else
279 #      include <cmnintrin.h>
280 #    endif
281 #  endif
282 #endif
283 
284 /*
285 ** The SQLITE_THREADSAFE macro must be defined as 0, 1, or 2.
286 ** 0 means mutexes are permanently disable and the library is never
287 ** threadsafe.  1 means the library is serialized which is the highest
288 ** level of threadsafety.  2 means the library is multithreaded - multiple
289 ** threads can use SQLite as long as no two threads try to use the same
290 ** database connection at the same time.
291 **
292 ** Older versions of SQLite used an optional THREADSAFE macro.
293 ** We support that for legacy.
294 **
295 ** To ensure that the correct value of "THREADSAFE" is reported when querying
296 ** for compile-time options at runtime (e.g. "PRAGMA compile_options"), this
297 ** logic is partially replicated in ctime.c. If it is updated here, it should
298 ** also be updated there.
299 */
300 #if !defined(SQLITE_THREADSAFE)
301 # if defined(THREADSAFE)
302 #   define SQLITE_THREADSAFE THREADSAFE
303 # else
304 #   define SQLITE_THREADSAFE 1 /* IMP: R-07272-22309 */
305 # endif
306 #endif
307 
308 /*
309 ** Powersafe overwrite is on by default.  But can be turned off using
310 ** the -DSQLITE_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE=0 command-line option.
311 */
312 #ifndef SQLITE_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE
313 # define SQLITE_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE 1
314 #endif
315 
316 /*
317 ** EVIDENCE-OF: R-25715-37072 Memory allocation statistics are enabled by
318 ** default unless SQLite is compiled with SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS=0 in
319 ** which case memory allocation statistics are disabled by default.
320 */
321 #if !defined(SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS)
322 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS 1
323 #endif
324 
325 /*
326 ** Exactly one of the following macros must be defined in order to
327 ** specify which memory allocation subsystem to use.
328 **
329 **     SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC          // Use normal system malloc()
330 **     SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC           // Use Win32 native heap API
331 **     SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC            // Use a stub allocator that always fails
332 **     SQLITE_MEMDEBUG               // Debugging version of system malloc()
333 **
334 ** On Windows, if the SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC_VALIDATE macro is defined and the
335 ** assert() macro is enabled, each call into the Win32 native heap subsystem
336 ** will cause HeapValidate to be called.  If heap validation should fail, an
337 ** assertion will be triggered.
338 **
339 ** If none of the above are defined, then set SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC as
340 ** the default.
341 */
342 #if defined(SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC) \
343   + defined(SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC) \
344   + defined(SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC) \
345   + defined(SQLITE_MEMDEBUG)>1
346 # error "Two or more of the following compile-time configuration options\
347  are defined but at most one is allowed:\
348  SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC, SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC, SQLITE_MEMDEBUG,\
349  SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC"
350 #endif
351 #if defined(SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC) \
352   + defined(SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC) \
353   + defined(SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC) \
354   + defined(SQLITE_MEMDEBUG)==0
355 # define SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC 1
356 #endif
357 
358 /*
359 ** If SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT is not zero, then try to keep the
360 ** sizes of memory allocations below this value where possible.
361 */
362 #if !defined(SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT)
363 # define SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT 1024
364 #endif
365 
366 /*
367 ** We need to define _XOPEN_SOURCE as follows in order to enable
368 ** recursive mutexes on most Unix systems and fchmod() on OpenBSD.
369 ** But _XOPEN_SOURCE define causes problems for Mac OS X, so omit
370 ** it.
371 */
372 #if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) && !defined(__DARWIN__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
373 #  define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
374 #endif
375 
376 /*
377 ** NDEBUG and SQLITE_DEBUG are opposites.  It should always be true that
378 ** defined(NDEBUG)==!defined(SQLITE_DEBUG).  If this is not currently true,
379 ** make it true by defining or undefining NDEBUG.
380 **
381 ** Setting NDEBUG makes the code smaller and faster by disabling the
382 ** assert() statements in the code.  So we want the default action
383 ** to be for NDEBUG to be set and NDEBUG to be undefined only if SQLITE_DEBUG
384 ** is set.  Thus NDEBUG becomes an opt-in rather than an opt-out
385 ** feature.
386 */
387 #if !defined(NDEBUG) && !defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
388 # define NDEBUG 1
389 #endif
390 #if defined(NDEBUG) && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
391 # undef NDEBUG
392 #endif
393 
394 /*
395 ** Enable SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS if SQLITE_DEBUG is turned on.
396 */
397 #if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS) && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
398 # define SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS 1
399 #endif
400 
401 /*
402 ** The testcase() macro is used to aid in coverage testing.  When
403 ** doing coverage testing, the condition inside the argument to
404 ** testcase() must be evaluated both true and false in order to
405 ** get full branch coverage.  The testcase() macro is inserted
406 ** to help ensure adequate test coverage in places where simple
407 ** condition/decision coverage is inadequate.  For example, testcase()
408 ** can be used to make sure boundary values are tested.  For
409 ** bitmask tests, testcase() can be used to make sure each bit
410 ** is significant and used at least once.  On switch statements
411 ** where multiple cases go to the same block of code, testcase()
412 ** can insure that all cases are evaluated.
413 **
414 */
415 #ifdef SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST
416   void sqlite3Coverage(int);
417 # define testcase(X)  if( X ){ sqlite3Coverage(__LINE__); }
418 #else
419 # define testcase(X)
420 #endif
421 
422 /*
423 ** The TESTONLY macro is used to enclose variable declarations or
424 ** other bits of code that are needed to support the arguments
425 ** within testcase() and assert() macros.
426 */
427 #if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST)
428 # define TESTONLY(X)  X
429 #else
430 # define TESTONLY(X)
431 #endif
432 
433 /*
434 ** Sometimes we need a small amount of code such as a variable initialization
435 ** to setup for a later assert() statement.  We do not want this code to
436 ** appear when assert() is disabled.  The following macro is therefore
437 ** used to contain that setup code.  The "VVA" acronym stands for
438 ** "Verification, Validation, and Accreditation".  In other words, the
439 ** code within VVA_ONLY() will only run during verification processes.
440 */
441 #ifndef NDEBUG
442 # define VVA_ONLY(X)  X
443 #else
444 # define VVA_ONLY(X)
445 #endif
446 
447 /*
448 ** The ALWAYS and NEVER macros surround boolean expressions which
449 ** are intended to always be true or false, respectively.  Such
450 ** expressions could be omitted from the code completely.  But they
451 ** are included in a few cases in order to enhance the resilience
452 ** of SQLite to unexpected behavior - to make the code "self-healing"
453 ** or "ductile" rather than being "brittle" and crashing at the first
454 ** hint of unplanned behavior.
455 **
456 ** In other words, ALWAYS and NEVER are added for defensive code.
457 **
458 ** When doing coverage testing ALWAYS and NEVER are hard-coded to
459 ** be true and false so that the unreachable code they specify will
460 ** not be counted as untested code.
461 */
462 #if defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_MUTATION_TEST)
463 # define ALWAYS(X)      (1)
464 # define NEVER(X)       (0)
465 #elif !defined(NDEBUG)
466 # define ALWAYS(X)      ((X)?1:(assert(0),0))
467 # define NEVER(X)       ((X)?(assert(0),1):0)
468 #else
469 # define ALWAYS(X)      (X)
470 # define NEVER(X)       (X)
471 #endif
472 
473 /*
474 ** The harmless(X) macro indicates that expression X is usually false
475 ** but can be true without causing any problems, but we don't know of
476 ** any way to cause X to be true.
477 **
478 ** In debugging and testing builds, this macro will abort if X is ever
479 ** true.  In this way, developers are alerted to a possible test case
480 ** that causes X to be true.  If a harmless macro ever fails, that is
481 ** an opportunity to change the macro into a testcase() and add a new
482 ** test case to the test suite.
483 **
484 ** For normal production builds, harmless(X) is a no-op, since it does
485 ** not matter whether expression X is true or false.
486 */
487 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
488 # define harmless(X)  assert(!(X));
489 #else
490 # define harmless(X)
491 #endif
492 
493 /*
494 ** Some conditionals are optimizations only.  In other words, if the
495 ** conditionals are replaced with a constant 1 (true) or 0 (false) then
496 ** the correct answer is still obtained, though perhaps not as quickly.
497 **
498 ** The following macros mark these optimizations conditionals.
499 */
500 #if defined(SQLITE_MUTATION_TEST)
501 # define OK_IF_ALWAYS_TRUE(X)  (1)
502 # define OK_IF_ALWAYS_FALSE(X) (0)
503 #else
504 # define OK_IF_ALWAYS_TRUE(X)  (X)
505 # define OK_IF_ALWAYS_FALSE(X) (X)
506 #endif
507 
508 /*
509 ** Some malloc failures are only possible if SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS is
510 ** defined.  We need to defend against those failures when testing with
511 ** SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS, but we don't want the unreachable branches
512 ** during a normal build.  The following macro can be used to disable tests
513 ** that are always false except when SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS is set.
514 */
515 #if defined(SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS)
516 # define ONLY_IF_REALLOC_STRESS(X)  (X)
517 #elif !defined(NDEBUG)
518 # define ONLY_IF_REALLOC_STRESS(X)  ((X)?(assert(0),1):0)
519 #else
520 # define ONLY_IF_REALLOC_STRESS(X)  (0)
521 #endif
522 
523 /*
524 ** Declarations used for tracing the operating system interfaces.
525 */
526 #if defined(SQLITE_FORCE_OS_TRACE) || defined(SQLITE_TEST) || \
527     (defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && SQLITE_OS_WIN)
528   extern int sqlite3OSTrace;
529 # define OSTRACE(X)          if( sqlite3OSTrace ) sqlite3DebugPrintf X
530 # define SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE
531 #else
532 # define OSTRACE(X)
533 # undef  SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE
534 #endif
535 
536 /*
537 ** Is the sqlite3ErrName() function needed in the build?  Currently,
538 ** it is needed by "mutex_w32.c" (when debugging), "os_win.c" (when
539 ** OSTRACE is enabled), and by several "test*.c" files (which are
540 ** compiled using SQLITE_TEST).
541 */
542 #if defined(SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE) || defined(SQLITE_TEST) || \
543     (defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && SQLITE_OS_WIN)
544 # define SQLITE_NEED_ERR_NAME
545 #else
546 # undef  SQLITE_NEED_ERR_NAME
547 #endif
548 
549 /*
550 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS is incompatible with SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
551 */
552 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
553 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
554 #endif
555 
556 /*
557 ** Return true (non-zero) if the input is an integer that is too large
558 ** to fit in 32-bits.  This macro is used inside of various testcase()
559 ** macros to verify that we have tested SQLite for large-file support.
560 */
561 #define IS_BIG_INT(X)  (((X)&~(i64)0xffffffff)!=0)
562 
563 /*
564 ** The macro unlikely() is a hint that surrounds a boolean
565 ** expression that is usually false.  Macro likely() surrounds
566 ** a boolean expression that is usually true.  These hints could,
567 ** in theory, be used by the compiler to generate better code, but
568 ** currently they are just comments for human readers.
569 */
570 #define likely(X)    (X)
571 #define unlikely(X)  (X)
572 
573 #include "hash.h"
574 #include "parse.h"
575 #include <stdio.h>
576 #include <stdlib.h>
577 #include <string.h>
578 #include <assert.h>
579 #include <stddef.h>
580 
581 /*
582 ** Use a macro to replace memcpy() if compiled with SQLITE_INLINE_MEMCPY.
583 ** This allows better measurements of where memcpy() is used when running
584 ** cachegrind.  But this macro version of memcpy() is very slow so it
585 ** should not be used in production.  This is a performance measurement
586 ** hack only.
587 */
588 #ifdef SQLITE_INLINE_MEMCPY
589 # define memcpy(D,S,N) {char*xxd=(char*)(D);const char*xxs=(const char*)(S);\
590                         int xxn=(N);while(xxn-->0)*(xxd++)=*(xxs++);}
591 #endif
592 
593 /*
594 ** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
595 ** substitute integer for floating-point
596 */
597 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
598 # define double sqlite_int64
599 # define float sqlite_int64
600 # define LONGDOUBLE_TYPE sqlite_int64
601 # ifndef SQLITE_BIG_DBL
602 #   define SQLITE_BIG_DBL (((sqlite3_int64)1)<<50)
603 # endif
604 # define SQLITE_OMIT_DATETIME_FUNCS 1
605 # define SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE 1
606 # undef SQLITE_MIXED_ENDIAN_64BIT_FLOAT
607 # undef SQLITE_HAVE_ISNAN
608 #endif
609 #ifndef SQLITE_BIG_DBL
610 # define SQLITE_BIG_DBL (1e99)
611 #endif
612 
613 /*
614 ** OMIT_TEMPDB is set to 1 if SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB is defined, or 0
615 ** afterward. Having this macro allows us to cause the C compiler
616 ** to omit code used by TEMP tables without messy #ifndef statements.
617 */
618 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB
619 #define OMIT_TEMPDB 1
620 #else
621 #define OMIT_TEMPDB 0
622 #endif
623 
624 /*
625 ** The "file format" number is an integer that is incremented whenever
626 ** the VDBE-level file format changes.  The following macros define the
627 ** the default file format for new databases and the maximum file format
628 ** that the library can read.
629 */
630 #define SQLITE_MAX_FILE_FORMAT 4
631 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT
632 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT 4
633 #endif
634 
635 /*
636 ** Determine whether triggers are recursive by default.  This can be
637 ** changed at run-time using a pragma.
638 */
639 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS
640 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS 0
641 #endif
642 
643 /*
644 ** Provide a default value for SQLITE_TEMP_STORE in case it is not specified
645 ** on the command-line
646 */
647 #ifndef SQLITE_TEMP_STORE
648 # define SQLITE_TEMP_STORE 1
649 #endif
650 
651 /*
652 ** If no value has been provided for SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS, or if
653 ** SQLITE_TEMP_STORE is set to 3 (never use temporary files), set it
654 ** to zero.
655 */
656 #if SQLITE_TEMP_STORE==3 || SQLITE_THREADSAFE==0
657 # undef SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
658 # define SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS 0
659 #endif
660 #ifndef SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
661 # define SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS 8
662 #endif
663 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS
664 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS 0
665 #endif
666 #if SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS>SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
667 # undef SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS
668 # define SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS
669 #endif
670 
671 /*
672 ** The default initial allocation for the pagecache when using separate
673 ** pagecaches for each database connection.  A positive number is the
674 ** number of pages.  A negative number N translations means that a buffer
675 ** of -1024*N bytes is allocated and used for as many pages as it will hold.
676 **
677 ** The default value of "20" was choosen to minimize the run-time of the
678 ** speedtest1 test program with options: --shrink-memory --reprepare
679 */
680 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_PCACHE_INITSZ
681 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_PCACHE_INITSZ 20
682 #endif
683 
684 /*
685 ** Default value for the SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option.
686 */
687 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_SORTERREF_SIZE
688 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_SORTERREF_SIZE 0x7fffffff
689 #endif
690 
691 /*
692 ** The compile-time options SQLITE_MMAP_READWRITE and
693 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE are not compatible with one another.
694 ** You must choose one or the other (or neither) but not both.
695 */
696 #if defined(SQLITE_MMAP_READWRITE) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE)
697 #error Cannot use both SQLITE_MMAP_READWRITE and SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE
698 #endif
699 
700 /*
701 ** GCC does not define the offsetof() macro so we'll have to do it
702 ** ourselves.
703 */
704 #ifndef offsetof
705 #define offsetof(STRUCTURE,FIELD) ((int)((char*)&((STRUCTURE*)0)->FIELD))
706 #endif
707 
708 /*
709 ** Macros to compute minimum and maximum of two numbers.
710 */
711 #ifndef MIN
712 # define MIN(A,B) ((A)<(B)?(A):(B))
713 #endif
714 #ifndef MAX
715 # define MAX(A,B) ((A)>(B)?(A):(B))
716 #endif
717 
718 /*
719 ** Swap two objects of type TYPE.
720 */
721 #define SWAP(TYPE,A,B) {TYPE t=A; A=B; B=t;}
722 
723 /*
724 ** Check to see if this machine uses EBCDIC.  (Yes, believe it or
725 ** not, there are still machines out there that use EBCDIC.)
726 */
727 #if 'A' == '\301'
728 # define SQLITE_EBCDIC 1
729 #else
730 # define SQLITE_ASCII 1
731 #endif
732 
733 /*
734 ** Integers of known sizes.  These typedefs might change for architectures
735 ** where the sizes very.  Preprocessor macros are available so that the
736 ** types can be conveniently redefined at compile-type.  Like this:
737 **
738 **         cc '-DUINTPTR_TYPE=long long int' ...
739 */
740 #ifndef UINT32_TYPE
741 # ifdef HAVE_UINT32_T
742 #  define UINT32_TYPE uint32_t
743 # else
744 #  define UINT32_TYPE unsigned int
745 # endif
746 #endif
747 #ifndef UINT16_TYPE
748 # ifdef HAVE_UINT16_T
749 #  define UINT16_TYPE uint16_t
750 # else
751 #  define UINT16_TYPE unsigned short int
752 # endif
753 #endif
754 #ifndef INT16_TYPE
755 # ifdef HAVE_INT16_T
756 #  define INT16_TYPE int16_t
757 # else
758 #  define INT16_TYPE short int
759 # endif
760 #endif
761 #ifndef UINT8_TYPE
762 # ifdef HAVE_UINT8_T
763 #  define UINT8_TYPE uint8_t
764 # else
765 #  define UINT8_TYPE unsigned char
766 # endif
767 #endif
768 #ifndef INT8_TYPE
769 # ifdef HAVE_INT8_T
770 #  define INT8_TYPE int8_t
771 # else
772 #  define INT8_TYPE signed char
773 # endif
774 #endif
775 #ifndef LONGDOUBLE_TYPE
776 # define LONGDOUBLE_TYPE long double
777 #endif
778 typedef sqlite_int64 i64;          /* 8-byte signed integer */
779 typedef sqlite_uint64 u64;         /* 8-byte unsigned integer */
780 typedef UINT32_TYPE u32;           /* 4-byte unsigned integer */
781 typedef UINT16_TYPE u16;           /* 2-byte unsigned integer */
782 typedef INT16_TYPE i16;            /* 2-byte signed integer */
783 typedef UINT8_TYPE u8;             /* 1-byte unsigned integer */
784 typedef INT8_TYPE i8;              /* 1-byte signed integer */
785 
786 /*
787 ** SQLITE_MAX_U32 is a u64 constant that is the maximum u64 value
788 ** that can be stored in a u32 without loss of data.  The value
789 ** is 0x00000000ffffffff.  But because of quirks of some compilers, we
790 ** have to specify the value in the less intuitive manner shown:
791 */
792 #define SQLITE_MAX_U32  ((((u64)1)<<32)-1)
793 
794 /*
795 ** The datatype used to store estimates of the number of rows in a
796 ** table or index.  This is an unsigned integer type.  For 99.9% of
797 ** the world, a 32-bit integer is sufficient.  But a 64-bit integer
798 ** can be used at compile-time if desired.
799 */
800 #ifdef SQLITE_64BIT_STATS
801  typedef u64 tRowcnt;    /* 64-bit only if requested at compile-time */
802 #else
803  typedef u32 tRowcnt;    /* 32-bit is the default */
804 #endif
805 
806 /*
807 ** Estimated quantities used for query planning are stored as 16-bit
808 ** logarithms.  For quantity X, the value stored is 10*log2(X).  This
809 ** gives a possible range of values of approximately 1.0e986 to 1e-986.
810 ** But the allowed values are "grainy".  Not every value is representable.
811 ** For example, quantities 16 and 17 are both represented by a LogEst
812 ** of 40.  However, since LogEst quantities are suppose to be estimates,
813 ** not exact values, this imprecision is not a problem.
814 **
815 ** "LogEst" is short for "Logarithmic Estimate".
816 **
817 ** Examples:
818 **      1 -> 0              20 -> 43          10000 -> 132
819 **      2 -> 10             25 -> 46          25000 -> 146
820 **      3 -> 16            100 -> 66        1000000 -> 199
821 **      4 -> 20           1000 -> 99        1048576 -> 200
822 **     10 -> 33           1024 -> 100    4294967296 -> 320
823 **
824 ** The LogEst can be negative to indicate fractional values.
825 ** Examples:
826 **
827 **    0.5 -> -10           0.1 -> -33        0.0625 -> -40
828 */
829 typedef INT16_TYPE LogEst;
830 
831 /*
832 ** Set the SQLITE_PTRSIZE macro to the number of bytes in a pointer
833 */
834 #ifndef SQLITE_PTRSIZE
835 # if defined(__SIZEOF_POINTER__)
836 #   define SQLITE_PTRSIZE __SIZEOF_POINTER__
837 # elif defined(i386)     || defined(__i386__)   || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
838        defined(_M_ARM)   || defined(__arm__)    || defined(__x86)   ||    \
839       (defined(__TOS_AIX__) && !defined(__64BIT__))
840 #   define SQLITE_PTRSIZE 4
841 # else
842 #   define SQLITE_PTRSIZE 8
843 # endif
844 #endif
845 
846 /* The uptr type is an unsigned integer large enough to hold a pointer
847 */
848 #if defined(HAVE_STDINT_H)
849   typedef uintptr_t uptr;
850 #elif SQLITE_PTRSIZE==4
851   typedef u32 uptr;
852 #else
853   typedef u64 uptr;
854 #endif
855 
856 /*
857 ** The SQLITE_WITHIN(P,S,E) macro checks to see if pointer P points to
858 ** something between S (inclusive) and E (exclusive).
859 **
860 ** In other words, S is a buffer and E is a pointer to the first byte after
861 ** the end of buffer S.  This macro returns true if P points to something
862 ** contained within the buffer S.
863 */
864 #define SQLITE_WITHIN(P,S,E) (((uptr)(P)>=(uptr)(S))&&((uptr)(P)<(uptr)(E)))
865 
866 
867 /*
868 ** Macros to determine whether the machine is big or little endian,
869 ** and whether or not that determination is run-time or compile-time.
870 **
871 ** For best performance, an attempt is made to guess at the byte-order
872 ** using C-preprocessor macros.  If that is unsuccessful, or if
873 ** -DSQLITE_BYTEORDER=0 is set, then byte-order is determined
874 ** at run-time.
875 */
876 #ifndef SQLITE_BYTEORDER
877 # if defined(i386)      || defined(__i386__)      || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
878      defined(__x86_64)  || defined(__x86_64__)    || defined(_M_X64)  ||    \
879      defined(_M_AMD64)  || defined(_M_ARM)        || defined(__x86)   ||    \
880      defined(__ARMEL__) || defined(__AARCH64EL__) || defined(_M_ARM64)
881 #   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    1234
882 # elif defined(sparc)     || defined(__ppc__) || \
883        defined(__ARMEB__) || defined(__AARCH64EB__)
884 #   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    4321
885 # else
886 #   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 0
887 # endif
888 #endif
889 #if SQLITE_BYTEORDER==4321
890 # define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    1
891 # define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN 0
892 # define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE  SQLITE_UTF16BE
893 #elif SQLITE_BYTEORDER==1234
894 # define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    0
895 # define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN 1
896 # define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE  SQLITE_UTF16LE
897 #else
898 # ifdef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
899   const int sqlite3one = 1;
900 # else
901   extern const int sqlite3one;
902 # endif
903 # define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    (*(char *)(&sqlite3one)==0)
904 # define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN (*(char *)(&sqlite3one)==1)
905 # define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE  (SQLITE_BIGENDIAN?SQLITE_UTF16BE:SQLITE_UTF16LE)
906 #endif
907 
908 /*
909 ** Constants for the largest and smallest possible 64-bit signed integers.
910 ** These macros are designed to work correctly on both 32-bit and 64-bit
911 ** compilers.
912 */
913 #define LARGEST_INT64  (0xffffffff|(((i64)0x7fffffff)<<32))
914 #define LARGEST_UINT64 (0xffffffff|(((u64)0xffffffff)<<32))
915 #define SMALLEST_INT64 (((i64)-1) - LARGEST_INT64)
916 
917 /*
918 ** Round up a number to the next larger multiple of 8.  This is used
919 ** to force 8-byte alignment on 64-bit architectures.
920 */
921 #define ROUND8(x)     (((x)+7)&~7)
922 
923 /*
924 ** Round down to the nearest multiple of 8
925 */
926 #define ROUNDDOWN8(x) ((x)&~7)
927 
928 /*
929 ** Assert that the pointer X is aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  This
930 ** macro is used only within assert() to verify that the code gets
931 ** all alignment restrictions correct.
932 **
933 ** Except, if SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC is defined, then the
934 ** underlying malloc() implementation might return us 4-byte aligned
935 ** pointers.  In that case, only verify 4-byte alignment.
936 */
937 #ifdef SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC
938 # define EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(X)   ((((char*)(X) - (char*)0)&3)==0)
939 #else
940 # define EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(X)   ((((char*)(X) - (char*)0)&7)==0)
941 #endif
942 
943 /*
944 ** Disable MMAP on platforms where it is known to not work
945 */
946 #if defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__QNXNTO__)
947 # undef SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
948 # define SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE 0
949 #endif
950 
951 /*
952 ** Default maximum size of memory used by memory-mapped I/O in the VFS
953 */
954 #ifdef __APPLE__
955 # include <TargetConditionals.h>
956 #endif
957 #ifndef SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
958 # if defined(__linux__) \
959   || defined(_WIN32) \
960   || (defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)) \
961   || defined(__sun) \
962   || defined(__FreeBSD__) \
963   || defined(__DragonFly__)
964 #   define SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE 0x7fff0000  /* 2147418112 */
965 # else
966 #   define SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE 0
967 # endif
968 #endif
969 
970 /*
971 ** The default MMAP_SIZE is zero on all platforms.  Or, even if a larger
972 ** default MMAP_SIZE is specified at compile-time, make sure that it does
973 ** not exceed the maximum mmap size.
974 */
975 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE
976 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE 0
977 #endif
978 #if SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE>SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
979 # undef SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE
980 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE
981 #endif
982 
983 /*
984 ** SELECTTRACE_ENABLED will be either 1 or 0 depending on whether or not
985 ** the Select query generator tracing logic is turned on.
986 */
987 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SELECTTRACE)
988 # define SELECTTRACE_ENABLED 1
989 #else
990 # define SELECTTRACE_ENABLED 0
991 #endif
992 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SELECTTRACE)
993 # define SELECTTRACE_ENABLED 1
994 # define SELECTTRACE(K,P,S,X)  \
995   if(sqlite3_unsupported_selecttrace&(K))   \
996     sqlite3DebugPrintf("%u/%d/%p: ",(S)->selId,(P)->addrExplain,(S)),\
997     sqlite3DebugPrintf X
998 #else
999 # define SELECTTRACE(K,P,S,X)
1000 # define SELECTTRACE_ENABLED 0
1001 #endif
1002 
1003 /*
1004 ** An instance of the following structure is used to store the busy-handler
1005 ** callback for a given sqlite handle.
1006 **
1007 ** The sqlite.busyHandler member of the sqlite struct contains the busy
1008 ** callback for the database handle. Each pager opened via the sqlite
1009 ** handle is passed a pointer to sqlite.busyHandler. The busy-handler
1010 ** callback is currently invoked only from within pager.c.
1011 */
1012 typedef struct BusyHandler BusyHandler;
1013 struct BusyHandler {
1014   int (*xBusyHandler)(void *,int);  /* The busy callback */
1015   void *pBusyArg;                   /* First arg to busy callback */
1016   int nBusy;                        /* Incremented with each busy call */
1017 };
1018 
1019 /*
1020 ** Name of table that holds the database schema.
1021 */
1022 #define DFLT_SCHEMA_TABLE          "sqlite_master"
1023 #define DFLT_TEMP_SCHEMA_TABLE     "sqlite_temp_master"
1024 #define ALT_SCHEMA_TABLE           "sqlite_schema"
1025 #define ALT_TEMP_SCHEMA_TABLE      "sqlite_temp_schema"
1026 
1027 
1028 /*
1029 ** The root-page of the schema table.
1030 */
1031 #define SCHEMA_ROOT    1
1032 
1033 /*
1034 ** The name of the schema table.  The name is different for TEMP.
1035 */
1036 #define SCHEMA_TABLE(x) \
1037     ((!OMIT_TEMPDB)&&(x==1)?DFLT_TEMP_SCHEMA_TABLE:DFLT_SCHEMA_TABLE)
1038 
1039 /*
1040 ** A convenience macro that returns the number of elements in
1041 ** an array.
1042 */
1043 #define ArraySize(X)    ((int)(sizeof(X)/sizeof(X[0])))
1044 
1045 /*
1046 ** Determine if the argument is a power of two
1047 */
1048 #define IsPowerOfTwo(X) (((X)&((X)-1))==0)
1049 
1050 /*
1051 ** The following value as a destructor means to use sqlite3DbFree().
1052 ** The sqlite3DbFree() routine requires two parameters instead of the
1053 ** one parameter that destructors normally want.  So we have to introduce
1054 ** this magic value that the code knows to handle differently.  Any
1055 ** pointer will work here as long as it is distinct from SQLITE_STATIC
1056 ** and SQLITE_TRANSIENT.
1057 */
1058 #define SQLITE_DYNAMIC   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)sqlite3OomFault)
1059 
1060 /*
1061 ** When SQLITE_OMIT_WSD is defined, it means that the target platform does
1062 ** not support Writable Static Data (WSD) such as global and static variables.
1063 ** All variables must either be on the stack or dynamically allocated from
1064 ** the heap.  When WSD is unsupported, the variable declarations scattered
1065 ** throughout the SQLite code must become constants instead.  The SQLITE_WSD
1066 ** macro is used for this purpose.  And instead of referencing the variable
1067 ** directly, we use its constant as a key to lookup the run-time allocated
1068 ** buffer that holds real variable.  The constant is also the initializer
1069 ** for the run-time allocated buffer.
1070 **
1071 ** In the usual case where WSD is supported, the SQLITE_WSD and GLOBAL
1072 ** macros become no-ops and have zero performance impact.
1073 */
1074 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
1075   #define SQLITE_WSD const
1076   #define GLOBAL(t,v) (*(t*)sqlite3_wsd_find((void*)&(v), sizeof(v)))
1077   #define sqlite3GlobalConfig GLOBAL(struct Sqlite3Config, sqlite3Config)
1078   int sqlite3_wsd_init(int N, int J);
1079   void *sqlite3_wsd_find(void *K, int L);
1080 #else
1081   #define SQLITE_WSD
1082   #define GLOBAL(t,v) v
1083   #define sqlite3GlobalConfig sqlite3Config
1084 #endif
1085 
1086 /*
1087 ** The following macros are used to suppress compiler warnings and to
1088 ** make it clear to human readers when a function parameter is deliberately
1089 ** left unused within the body of a function. This usually happens when
1090 ** a function is called via a function pointer. For example the
1091 ** implementation of an SQL aggregate step callback may not use the
1092 ** parameter indicating the number of arguments passed to the aggregate,
1093 ** if it knows that this is enforced elsewhere.
1094 **
1095 ** When a function parameter is not used at all within the body of a function,
1096 ** it is generally named "NotUsed" or "NotUsed2" to make things even clearer.
1097 ** However, these macros may also be used to suppress warnings related to
1098 ** parameters that may or may not be used depending on compilation options.
1099 ** For example those parameters only used in assert() statements. In these
1100 ** cases the parameters are named as per the usual conventions.
1101 */
1102 #define UNUSED_PARAMETER(x) (void)(x)
1103 #define UNUSED_PARAMETER2(x,y) UNUSED_PARAMETER(x),UNUSED_PARAMETER(y)
1104 
1105 /*
1106 ** Forward references to structures
1107 */
1108 typedef struct AggInfo AggInfo;
1109 typedef struct AuthContext AuthContext;
1110 typedef struct AutoincInfo AutoincInfo;
1111 typedef struct Bitvec Bitvec;
1112 typedef struct CollSeq CollSeq;
1113 typedef struct Column Column;
1114 typedef struct Db Db;
1115 typedef struct Schema Schema;
1116 typedef struct Expr Expr;
1117 typedef struct ExprList ExprList;
1118 typedef struct FKey FKey;
1119 typedef struct FuncDestructor FuncDestructor;
1120 typedef struct FuncDef FuncDef;
1121 typedef struct FuncDefHash FuncDefHash;
1122 typedef struct IdList IdList;
1123 typedef struct Index Index;
1124 typedef struct IndexSample IndexSample;
1125 typedef struct KeyClass KeyClass;
1126 typedef struct KeyInfo KeyInfo;
1127 typedef struct Lookaside Lookaside;
1128 typedef struct LookasideSlot LookasideSlot;
1129 typedef struct Module Module;
1130 typedef struct NameContext NameContext;
1131 typedef struct Parse Parse;
1132 typedef struct PreUpdate PreUpdate;
1133 typedef struct PrintfArguments PrintfArguments;
1134 typedef struct RenameToken RenameToken;
1135 typedef struct RowSet RowSet;
1136 typedef struct Savepoint Savepoint;
1137 typedef struct Select Select;
1138 typedef struct SQLiteThread SQLiteThread;
1139 typedef struct SelectDest SelectDest;
1140 typedef struct SrcList SrcList;
1141 typedef struct sqlite3_str StrAccum; /* Internal alias for sqlite3_str */
1142 typedef struct Table Table;
1143 typedef struct TableLock TableLock;
1144 typedef struct Token Token;
1145 typedef struct TreeView TreeView;
1146 typedef struct Trigger Trigger;
1147 typedef struct TriggerPrg TriggerPrg;
1148 typedef struct TriggerStep TriggerStep;
1149 typedef struct UnpackedRecord UnpackedRecord;
1150 typedef struct Upsert Upsert;
1151 typedef struct VTable VTable;
1152 typedef struct VtabCtx VtabCtx;
1153 typedef struct Walker Walker;
1154 typedef struct WhereInfo WhereInfo;
1155 typedef struct Window Window;
1156 typedef struct With With;
1157 
1158 
1159 /*
1160 ** The bitmask datatype defined below is used for various optimizations.
1161 **
1162 ** Changing this from a 64-bit to a 32-bit type limits the number of
1163 ** tables in a join to 32 instead of 64.  But it also reduces the size
1164 ** of the library by 738 bytes on ix86.
1165 */
1166 #ifdef SQLITE_BITMASK_TYPE
1167   typedef SQLITE_BITMASK_TYPE Bitmask;
1168 #else
1169   typedef u64 Bitmask;
1170 #endif
1171 
1172 /*
1173 ** The number of bits in a Bitmask.  "BMS" means "BitMask Size".
1174 */
1175 #define BMS  ((int)(sizeof(Bitmask)*8))
1176 
1177 /*
1178 ** A bit in a Bitmask
1179 */
1180 #define MASKBIT(n)   (((Bitmask)1)<<(n))
1181 #define MASKBIT64(n) (((u64)1)<<(n))
1182 #define MASKBIT32(n) (((unsigned int)1)<<(n))
1183 #define ALLBITS      ((Bitmask)-1)
1184 
1185 /* A VList object records a mapping between parameters/variables/wildcards
1186 ** in the SQL statement (such as $abc, @pqr, or :xyz) and the integer
1187 ** variable number associated with that parameter.  See the format description
1188 ** on the sqlite3VListAdd() routine for more information.  A VList is really
1189 ** just an array of integers.
1190 */
1191 typedef int VList;
1192 
1193 /*
1194 ** Defer sourcing vdbe.h and btree.h until after the "u8" and
1195 ** "BusyHandler" typedefs. vdbe.h also requires a few of the opaque
1196 ** pointer types (i.e. FuncDef) defined above.
1197 */
1198 #include "pager.h"
1199 #include "btree.h"
1200 #include "vdbe.h"
1201 #include "pcache.h"
1202 #include "os.h"
1203 #include "mutex.h"
1204 
1205 /* The SQLITE_EXTRA_DURABLE compile-time option used to set the default
1206 ** synchronous setting to EXTRA.  It is no longer supported.
1207 */
1208 #ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_DURABLE
1209 # warning Use SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS=3 instead of SQLITE_EXTRA_DURABLE
1210 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS 3
1211 #endif
1212 
1213 /*
1214 ** Default synchronous levels.
1215 **
1216 ** Note that (for historcal reasons) the PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_* macros differ
1217 ** from the SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS value by 1.
1218 **
1219 **           PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS       DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
1220 **   OFF           1                         0
1221 **   NORMAL        2                         1
1222 **   FULL          3                         2
1223 **   EXTRA         4                         3
1224 **
1225 ** The "PRAGMA synchronous" statement also uses the zero-based numbers.
1226 ** In other words, the zero-based numbers are used for all external interfaces
1227 ** and the one-based values are used internally.
1228 */
1229 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
1230 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS 2
1231 #endif
1232 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS
1233 # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
1234 #endif
1235 
1236 /*
1237 ** Each database file to be accessed by the system is an instance
1238 ** of the following structure.  There are normally two of these structures
1239 ** in the sqlite.aDb[] array.  aDb[0] is the main database file and
1240 ** aDb[1] is the database file used to hold temporary tables.  Additional
1241 ** databases may be attached.
1242 */
1243 struct Db {
1244   char *zDbSName;      /* Name of this database. (schema name, not filename) */
1245   Btree *pBt;          /* The B*Tree structure for this database file */
1246   u8 safety_level;     /* How aggressive at syncing data to disk */
1247   u8 bSyncSet;         /* True if "PRAGMA synchronous=N" has been run */
1248   Schema *pSchema;     /* Pointer to database schema (possibly shared) */
1249 };
1250 
1251 /*
1252 ** An instance of the following structure stores a database schema.
1253 **
1254 ** Most Schema objects are associated with a Btree.  The exception is
1255 ** the Schema for the TEMP databaes (sqlite3.aDb[1]) which is free-standing.
1256 ** In shared cache mode, a single Schema object can be shared by multiple
1257 ** Btrees that refer to the same underlying BtShared object.
1258 **
1259 ** Schema objects are automatically deallocated when the last Btree that
1260 ** references them is destroyed.   The TEMP Schema is manually freed by
1261 ** sqlite3_close().
1262 *
1263 ** A thread must be holding a mutex on the corresponding Btree in order
1264 ** to access Schema content.  This implies that the thread must also be
1265 ** holding a mutex on the sqlite3 connection pointer that owns the Btree.
1266 ** For a TEMP Schema, only the connection mutex is required.
1267 */
1268 struct Schema {
1269   int schema_cookie;   /* Database schema version number for this file */
1270   int iGeneration;     /* Generation counter.  Incremented with each change */
1271   Hash tblHash;        /* All tables indexed by name */
1272   Hash idxHash;        /* All (named) indices indexed by name */
1273   Hash trigHash;       /* All triggers indexed by name */
1274   Hash fkeyHash;       /* All foreign keys by referenced table name */
1275   Table *pSeqTab;      /* The sqlite_sequence table used by AUTOINCREMENT */
1276   u8 file_format;      /* Schema format version for this file */
1277   u8 enc;              /* Text encoding used by this database */
1278   u16 schemaFlags;     /* Flags associated with this schema */
1279   int cache_size;      /* Number of pages to use in the cache */
1280 };
1281 
1282 /*
1283 ** These macros can be used to test, set, or clear bits in the
1284 ** Db.pSchema->flags field.
1285 */
1286 #define DbHasProperty(D,I,P)     (((D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags&(P))==(P))
1287 #define DbHasAnyProperty(D,I,P)  (((D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags&(P))!=0)
1288 #define DbSetProperty(D,I,P)     (D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags|=(P)
1289 #define DbClearProperty(D,I,P)   (D)->aDb[I].pSchema->schemaFlags&=~(P)
1290 
1291 /*
1292 ** Allowed values for the DB.pSchema->flags field.
1293 **
1294 ** The DB_SchemaLoaded flag is set after the database schema has been
1295 ** read into internal hash tables.
1296 **
1297 ** DB_UnresetViews means that one or more views have column names that
1298 ** have been filled out.  If the schema changes, these column names might
1299 ** changes and so the view will need to be reset.
1300 */
1301 #define DB_SchemaLoaded    0x0001  /* The schema has been loaded */
1302 #define DB_UnresetViews    0x0002  /* Some views have defined column names */
1303 #define DB_ResetWanted     0x0008  /* Reset the schema when nSchemaLock==0 */
1304 
1305 /*
1306 ** The number of different kinds of things that can be limited
1307 ** using the sqlite3_limit() interface.
1308 */
1309 #define SQLITE_N_LIMIT (SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS+1)
1310 
1311 /*
1312 ** Lookaside malloc is a set of fixed-size buffers that can be used
1313 ** to satisfy small transient memory allocation requests for objects
1314 ** associated with a particular database connection.  The use of
1315 ** lookaside malloc provides a significant performance enhancement
1316 ** (approx 10%) by avoiding numerous malloc/free requests while parsing
1317 ** SQL statements.
1318 **
1319 ** The Lookaside structure holds configuration information about the
1320 ** lookaside malloc subsystem.  Each available memory allocation in
1321 ** the lookaside subsystem is stored on a linked list of LookasideSlot
1322 ** objects.
1323 **
1324 ** Lookaside allocations are only allowed for objects that are associated
1325 ** with a particular database connection.  Hence, schema information cannot
1326 ** be stored in lookaside because in shared cache mode the schema information
1327 ** is shared by multiple database connections.  Therefore, while parsing
1328 ** schema information, the Lookaside.bEnabled flag is cleared so that
1329 ** lookaside allocations are not used to construct the schema objects.
1330 **
1331 ** New lookaside allocations are only allowed if bDisable==0.  When
1332 ** bDisable is greater than zero, sz is set to zero which effectively
1333 ** disables lookaside without adding a new test for the bDisable flag
1334 ** in a performance-critical path.  sz should be set by to szTrue whenever
1335 ** bDisable changes back to zero.
1336 **
1337 ** Lookaside buffers are initially held on the pInit list.  As they are
1338 ** used and freed, they are added back to the pFree list.  New allocations
1339 ** come off of pFree first, then pInit as a fallback.  This dual-list
1340 ** allows use to compute a high-water mark - the maximum number of allocations
1341 ** outstanding at any point in the past - by subtracting the number of
1342 ** allocations on the pInit list from the total number of allocations.
1343 **
1344 ** Enhancement on 2019-12-12:  Two-size-lookaside
1345 ** The default lookaside configuration is 100 slots of 1200 bytes each.
1346 ** The larger slot sizes are important for performance, but they waste
1347 ** a lot of space, as most lookaside allocations are less than 128 bytes.
1348 ** The two-size-lookaside enhancement breaks up the lookaside allocation
1349 ** into two pools:  One of 128-byte slots and the other of the default size
1350 ** (1200-byte) slots.   Allocations are filled from the small-pool first,
1351 ** failing over to the full-size pool if that does not work.  Thus more
1352 ** lookaside slots are available while also using less memory.
1353 ** This enhancement can be omitted by compiling with
1354 ** SQLITE_OMIT_TWOSIZE_LOOKASIDE.
1355 */
1356 struct Lookaside {
1357   u32 bDisable;           /* Only operate the lookaside when zero */
1358   u16 sz;                 /* Size of each buffer in bytes */
1359   u16 szTrue;             /* True value of sz, even if disabled */
1360   u8 bMalloced;           /* True if pStart obtained from sqlite3_malloc() */
1361   u32 nSlot;              /* Number of lookaside slots allocated */
1362   u32 anStat[3];          /* 0: hits.  1: size misses.  2: full misses */
1363   LookasideSlot *pInit;   /* List of buffers not previously used */
1364   LookasideSlot *pFree;   /* List of available buffers */
1365 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TWOSIZE_LOOKASIDE
1366   LookasideSlot *pSmallInit; /* List of small buffers not prediously used */
1367   LookasideSlot *pSmallFree; /* List of available small buffers */
1368   void *pMiddle;          /* First byte past end of full-size buffers and
1369                           ** the first byte of LOOKASIDE_SMALL buffers */
1370 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_TWOSIZE_LOOKASIDE */
1371   void *pStart;           /* First byte of available memory space */
1372   void *pEnd;             /* First byte past end of available space */
1373 };
1374 struct LookasideSlot {
1375   LookasideSlot *pNext;    /* Next buffer in the list of free buffers */
1376 };
1377 
1378 #define DisableLookaside  db->lookaside.bDisable++;db->lookaside.sz=0
1379 #define EnableLookaside   db->lookaside.bDisable--;\
1380    db->lookaside.sz=db->lookaside.bDisable?0:db->lookaside.szTrue
1381 
1382 /* Size of the smaller allocations in two-size lookside */
1383 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_TWOSIZE_LOOKASIDE
1384 #  define LOOKASIDE_SMALL           0
1385 #else
1386 #  define LOOKASIDE_SMALL         128
1387 #endif
1388 
1389 /*
1390 ** A hash table for built-in function definitions.  (Application-defined
1391 ** functions use a regular table table from hash.h.)
1392 **
1393 ** Hash each FuncDef structure into one of the FuncDefHash.a[] slots.
1394 ** Collisions are on the FuncDef.u.pHash chain.  Use the SQLITE_FUNC_HASH()
1395 ** macro to compute a hash on the function name.
1396 */
1397 #define SQLITE_FUNC_HASH_SZ 23
1398 struct FuncDefHash {
1399   FuncDef *a[SQLITE_FUNC_HASH_SZ];       /* Hash table for functions */
1400 };
1401 #define SQLITE_FUNC_HASH(C,L) (((C)+(L))%SQLITE_FUNC_HASH_SZ)
1402 
1403 #ifdef SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
1404 /*
1405 ** Information held in the "sqlite3" database connection object and used
1406 ** to manage user authentication.
1407 */
1408 typedef struct sqlite3_userauth sqlite3_userauth;
1409 struct sqlite3_userauth {
1410   u8 authLevel;                 /* Current authentication level */
1411   int nAuthPW;                  /* Size of the zAuthPW in bytes */
1412   char *zAuthPW;                /* Password used to authenticate */
1413   char *zAuthUser;              /* User name used to authenticate */
1414 };
1415 
1416 /* Allowed values for sqlite3_userauth.authLevel */
1417 #define UAUTH_Unknown     0     /* Authentication not yet checked */
1418 #define UAUTH_Fail        1     /* User authentication failed */
1419 #define UAUTH_User        2     /* Authenticated as a normal user */
1420 #define UAUTH_Admin       3     /* Authenticated as an administrator */
1421 
1422 /* Functions used only by user authorization logic */
1423 int sqlite3UserAuthTable(const char*);
1424 int sqlite3UserAuthCheckLogin(sqlite3*,const char*,u8*);
1425 void sqlite3UserAuthInit(sqlite3*);
1426 void sqlite3CryptFunc(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
1427 
1428 #endif /* SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION */
1429 
1430 /*
1431 ** typedef for the authorization callback function.
1432 */
1433 #ifdef SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
1434   typedef int (*sqlite3_xauth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,
1435                                const char*, const char*);
1436 #else
1437   typedef int (*sqlite3_xauth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,
1438                                const char*);
1439 #endif
1440 
1441 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
1442 /* This is an extra SQLITE_TRACE macro that indicates "legacy" tracing
1443 ** in the style of sqlite3_trace()
1444 */
1445 #define SQLITE_TRACE_LEGACY          0x40     /* Use the legacy xTrace */
1446 #define SQLITE_TRACE_XPROFILE        0x80     /* Use the legacy xProfile */
1447 #else
1448 #define SQLITE_TRACE_LEGACY          0
1449 #define SQLITE_TRACE_XPROFILE        0
1450 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED */
1451 #define SQLITE_TRACE_NONLEGACY_MASK  0x0f     /* Normal flags */
1452 
1453 
1454 /*
1455 ** Each database connection is an instance of the following structure.
1456 */
1457 struct sqlite3 {
1458   sqlite3_vfs *pVfs;            /* OS Interface */
1459   struct Vdbe *pVdbe;           /* List of active virtual machines */
1460   CollSeq *pDfltColl;           /* BINARY collseq for the database encoding */
1461   sqlite3_mutex *mutex;         /* Connection mutex */
1462   Db *aDb;                      /* All backends */
1463   int nDb;                      /* Number of backends currently in use */
1464   u32 mDbFlags;                 /* flags recording internal state */
1465   u64 flags;                    /* flags settable by pragmas. See below */
1466   i64 lastRowid;                /* ROWID of most recent insert (see above) */
1467   i64 szMmap;                   /* Default mmap_size setting */
1468   u32 nSchemaLock;              /* Do not reset the schema when non-zero */
1469   unsigned int openFlags;       /* Flags passed to sqlite3_vfs.xOpen() */
1470   int errCode;                  /* Most recent error code (SQLITE_*) */
1471   int errMask;                  /* & result codes with this before returning */
1472   int iSysErrno;                /* Errno value from last system error */
1473   u16 dbOptFlags;               /* Flags to enable/disable optimizations */
1474   u8 enc;                       /* Text encoding */
1475   u8 autoCommit;                /* The auto-commit flag. */
1476   u8 temp_store;                /* 1: file 2: memory 0: default */
1477   u8 mallocFailed;              /* True if we have seen a malloc failure */
1478   u8 bBenignMalloc;             /* Do not require OOMs if true */
1479   u8 dfltLockMode;              /* Default locking-mode for attached dbs */
1480   signed char nextAutovac;      /* Autovac setting after VACUUM if >=0 */
1481   u8 suppressErr;               /* Do not issue error messages if true */
1482   u8 vtabOnConflict;            /* Value to return for s3_vtab_on_conflict() */
1483   u8 isTransactionSavepoint;    /* True if the outermost savepoint is a TS */
1484   u8 mTrace;                    /* zero or more SQLITE_TRACE flags */
1485   u8 noSharedCache;             /* True if no shared-cache backends */
1486   u8 nSqlExec;                  /* Number of pending OP_SqlExec opcodes */
1487   int nextPagesize;             /* Pagesize after VACUUM if >0 */
1488   u32 magic;                    /* Magic number for detect library misuse */
1489   int nChange;                  /* Value returned by sqlite3_changes() */
1490   int nTotalChange;             /* Value returned by sqlite3_total_changes() */
1491   int aLimit[SQLITE_N_LIMIT];   /* Limits */
1492   int nMaxSorterMmap;           /* Maximum size of regions mapped by sorter */
1493   struct sqlite3InitInfo {      /* Information used during initialization */
1494     Pgno newTnum;               /* Rootpage of table being initialized */
1495     u8 iDb;                     /* Which db file is being initialized */
1496     u8 busy;                    /* TRUE if currently initializing */
1497     unsigned orphanTrigger : 1; /* Last statement is orphaned TEMP trigger */
1498     unsigned imposterTable : 1; /* Building an imposter table */
1499     unsigned reopenMemdb : 1;   /* ATTACH is really a reopen using MemDB */
1500     char **azInit;              /* "type", "name", and "tbl_name" columns */
1501   } init;
1502   int nVdbeActive;              /* Number of VDBEs currently running */
1503   int nVdbeRead;                /* Number of active VDBEs that read or write */
1504   int nVdbeWrite;               /* Number of active VDBEs that read and write */
1505   int nVdbeExec;                /* Number of nested calls to VdbeExec() */
1506   int nVDestroy;                /* Number of active OP_VDestroy operations */
1507   int nExtension;               /* Number of loaded extensions */
1508   void **aExtension;            /* Array of shared library handles */
1509   union {
1510     void (*xLegacy)(void*,const char*);     /* Legacy trace function */
1511     int (*xV2)(u32,void*,void*,void*);      /* V2 Trace function */
1512   } trace;
1513   void *pTraceArg;                          /* Argument to the trace function */
1514 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
1515   void (*xProfile)(void*,const char*,u64);  /* Profiling function */
1516   void *pProfileArg;                        /* Argument to profile function */
1517 #endif
1518   void *pCommitArg;                 /* Argument to xCommitCallback() */
1519   int (*xCommitCallback)(void*);    /* Invoked at every commit. */
1520   void *pRollbackArg;               /* Argument to xRollbackCallback() */
1521   void (*xRollbackCallback)(void*); /* Invoked at every commit. */
1522   void *pUpdateArg;
1523   void (*xUpdateCallback)(void*,int, const char*,const char*,sqlite_int64);
1524   Parse *pParse;                /* Current parse */
1525 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
1526   void *pPreUpdateArg;          /* First argument to xPreUpdateCallback */
1527   void (*xPreUpdateCallback)(   /* Registered using sqlite3_preupdate_hook() */
1528     void*,sqlite3*,int,char const*,char const*,sqlite3_int64,sqlite3_int64
1529   );
1530   PreUpdate *pPreUpdate;        /* Context for active pre-update callback */
1531 #endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */
1532 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
1533   int (*xWalCallback)(void *, sqlite3 *, const char *, int);
1534   void *pWalArg;
1535 #endif
1536   void(*xCollNeeded)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*);
1537   void(*xCollNeeded16)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*);
1538   void *pCollNeededArg;
1539   sqlite3_value *pErr;          /* Most recent error message */
1540   union {
1541     volatile int isInterrupted; /* True if sqlite3_interrupt has been called */
1542     double notUsed1;            /* Spacer */
1543   } u1;
1544   Lookaside lookaside;          /* Lookaside malloc configuration */
1545 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
1546   sqlite3_xauth xAuth;          /* Access authorization function */
1547   void *pAuthArg;               /* 1st argument to the access auth function */
1548 #endif
1549 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
1550   int (*xProgress)(void *);     /* The progress callback */
1551   void *pProgressArg;           /* Argument to the progress callback */
1552   unsigned nProgressOps;        /* Number of opcodes for progress callback */
1553 #endif
1554 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
1555   int nVTrans;                  /* Allocated size of aVTrans */
1556   Hash aModule;                 /* populated by sqlite3_create_module() */
1557   VtabCtx *pVtabCtx;            /* Context for active vtab connect/create */
1558   VTable **aVTrans;             /* Virtual tables with open transactions */
1559   VTable *pDisconnect;          /* Disconnect these in next sqlite3_prepare() */
1560 #endif
1561   Hash aFunc;                   /* Hash table of connection functions */
1562   Hash aCollSeq;                /* All collating sequences */
1563   BusyHandler busyHandler;      /* Busy callback */
1564   Db aDbStatic[2];              /* Static space for the 2 default backends */
1565   Savepoint *pSavepoint;        /* List of active savepoints */
1566   int nAnalysisLimit;           /* Number of index rows to ANALYZE */
1567   int busyTimeout;              /* Busy handler timeout, in msec */
1568   int nSavepoint;               /* Number of non-transaction savepoints */
1569   int nStatement;               /* Number of nested statement-transactions  */
1570   i64 nDeferredCons;            /* Net deferred constraints this transaction. */
1571   i64 nDeferredImmCons;         /* Net deferred immediate constraints */
1572   int *pnBytesFreed;            /* If not NULL, increment this in DbFree() */
1573 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY
1574   /* The following variables are all protected by the STATIC_MAIN
1575   ** mutex, not by sqlite3.mutex. They are used by code in notify.c.
1576   **
1577   ** When X.pUnlockConnection==Y, that means that X is waiting for Y to
1578   ** unlock so that it can proceed.
1579   **
1580   ** When X.pBlockingConnection==Y, that means that something that X tried
1581   ** tried to do recently failed with an SQLITE_LOCKED error due to locks
1582   ** held by Y.
1583   */
1584   sqlite3 *pBlockingConnection; /* Connection that caused SQLITE_LOCKED */
1585   sqlite3 *pUnlockConnection;           /* Connection to watch for unlock */
1586   void *pUnlockArg;                     /* Argument to xUnlockNotify */
1587   void (*xUnlockNotify)(void **, int);  /* Unlock notify callback */
1588   sqlite3 *pNextBlocked;        /* Next in list of all blocked connections */
1589 #endif
1590 #ifdef SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
1591   sqlite3_userauth auth;        /* User authentication information */
1592 #endif
1593 };
1594 
1595 /*
1596 ** A macro to discover the encoding of a database.
1597 */
1598 #define SCHEMA_ENC(db) ((db)->aDb[0].pSchema->enc)
1599 #define ENC(db)        ((db)->enc)
1600 
1601 /*
1602 ** A u64 constant where the lower 32 bits are all zeros.  Only the
1603 ** upper 32 bits are included in the argument.  Necessary because some
1604 ** C-compilers still do not accept LL integer literals.
1605 */
1606 #define HI(X)  ((u64)(X)<<32)
1607 
1608 /*
1609 ** Possible values for the sqlite3.flags.
1610 **
1611 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
1612 **      SQLITE_FullFSync     == PAGER_FULLFSYNC
1613 **      SQLITE_CkptFullFSync == PAGER_CKPT_FULLFSYNC
1614 **      SQLITE_CacheSpill    == PAGER_CACHE_SPILL
1615 */
1616 #define SQLITE_WriteSchema    0x00000001  /* OK to update SQLITE_SCHEMA */
1617 #define SQLITE_LegacyFileFmt  0x00000002  /* Create new databases in format 1 */
1618 #define SQLITE_FullColNames   0x00000004  /* Show full column names on SELECT */
1619 #define SQLITE_FullFSync      0x00000008  /* Use full fsync on the backend */
1620 #define SQLITE_CkptFullFSync  0x00000010  /* Use full fsync for checkpoint */
1621 #define SQLITE_CacheSpill     0x00000020  /* OK to spill pager cache */
1622 #define SQLITE_ShortColNames  0x00000040  /* Show short columns names */
1623 #define SQLITE_TrustedSchema  0x00000080  /* Allow unsafe functions and
1624                                           ** vtabs in the schema definition */
1625 #define SQLITE_NullCallback   0x00000100  /* Invoke the callback once if the */
1626                                           /*   result set is empty */
1627 #define SQLITE_IgnoreChecks   0x00000200  /* Do not enforce check constraints */
1628 #define SQLITE_ReadUncommit   0x00000400  /* READ UNCOMMITTED in shared-cache */
1629 #define SQLITE_NoCkptOnClose  0x00000800  /* No checkpoint on close()/DETACH */
1630 #define SQLITE_ReverseOrder   0x00001000  /* Reverse unordered SELECTs */
1631 #define SQLITE_RecTriggers    0x00002000  /* Enable recursive triggers */
1632 #define SQLITE_ForeignKeys    0x00004000  /* Enforce foreign key constraints  */
1633 #define SQLITE_AutoIndex      0x00008000  /* Enable automatic indexes */
1634 #define SQLITE_LoadExtension  0x00010000  /* Enable load_extension */
1635 #define SQLITE_LoadExtFunc    0x00020000  /* Enable load_extension() SQL func */
1636 #define SQLITE_EnableTrigger  0x00040000  /* True to enable triggers */
1637 #define SQLITE_DeferFKs       0x00080000  /* Defer all FK constraints */
1638 #define SQLITE_QueryOnly      0x00100000  /* Disable database changes */
1639 #define SQLITE_CellSizeCk     0x00200000  /* Check btree cell sizes on load */
1640 #define SQLITE_Fts3Tokenizer  0x00400000  /* Enable fts3_tokenizer(2) */
1641 #define SQLITE_EnableQPSG     0x00800000  /* Query Planner Stability Guarantee*/
1642 #define SQLITE_TriggerEQP     0x01000000  /* Show trigger EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
1643 #define SQLITE_ResetDatabase  0x02000000  /* Reset the database */
1644 #define SQLITE_LegacyAlter    0x04000000  /* Legacy ALTER TABLE behaviour */
1645 #define SQLITE_NoSchemaError  0x08000000  /* Do not report schema parse errors*/
1646 #define SQLITE_Defensive      0x10000000  /* Input SQL is likely hostile */
1647 #define SQLITE_DqsDDL         0x20000000  /* dbl-quoted strings allowed in DDL*/
1648 #define SQLITE_DqsDML         0x40000000  /* dbl-quoted strings allowed in DML*/
1649 #define SQLITE_EnableView     0x80000000  /* Enable the use of views */
1650 #define SQLITE_CountRows      HI(0x00001) /* Count rows changed by INSERT, */
1651                                           /*   DELETE, or UPDATE and return */
1652                                           /*   the count using a callback. */
1653 
1654 /* Flags used only if debugging */
1655 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
1656 #define SQLITE_SqlTrace       HI(0x0100000) /* Debug print SQL as it executes */
1657 #define SQLITE_VdbeListing    HI(0x0200000) /* Debug listings of VDBE progs */
1658 #define SQLITE_VdbeTrace      HI(0x0400000) /* True to trace VDBE execution */
1659 #define SQLITE_VdbeAddopTrace HI(0x0800000) /* Trace sqlite3VdbeAddOp() calls */
1660 #define SQLITE_VdbeEQP        HI(0x1000000) /* Debug EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
1661 #define SQLITE_ParserTrace    HI(0x2000000) /* PRAGMA parser_trace=ON */
1662 #endif
1663 
1664 /*
1665 ** Allowed values for sqlite3.mDbFlags
1666 */
1667 #define DBFLAG_SchemaChange   0x0001  /* Uncommitted Hash table changes */
1668 #define DBFLAG_PreferBuiltin  0x0002  /* Preference to built-in funcs */
1669 #define DBFLAG_Vacuum         0x0004  /* Currently in a VACUUM */
1670 #define DBFLAG_VacuumInto     0x0008  /* Currently running VACUUM INTO */
1671 #define DBFLAG_SchemaKnownOk  0x0010  /* Schema is known to be valid */
1672 #define DBFLAG_InternalFunc   0x0020  /* Allow use of internal functions */
1673 #define DBFLAG_EncodingFixed  0x0040  /* No longer possible to change enc. */
1674 
1675 /*
1676 ** Bits of the sqlite3.dbOptFlags field that are used by the
1677 ** sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS,...) interface to
1678 ** selectively disable various optimizations.
1679 */
1680 #define SQLITE_QueryFlattener 0x0001   /* Query flattening */
1681 #define SQLITE_WindowFunc     0x0002   /* Use xInverse for window functions */
1682 #define SQLITE_GroupByOrder   0x0004   /* GROUPBY cover of ORDERBY */
1683 #define SQLITE_FactorOutConst 0x0008   /* Constant factoring */
1684 #define SQLITE_DistinctOpt    0x0010   /* DISTINCT using indexes */
1685 #define SQLITE_CoverIdxScan   0x0020   /* Covering index scans */
1686 #define SQLITE_OrderByIdxJoin 0x0040   /* ORDER BY of joins via index */
1687 #define SQLITE_Transitive     0x0080   /* Transitive constraints */
1688 #define SQLITE_OmitNoopJoin   0x0100   /* Omit unused tables in joins */
1689 #define SQLITE_CountOfView    0x0200   /* The count-of-view optimization */
1690 #define SQLITE_CursorHints    0x0400   /* Add OP_CursorHint opcodes */
1691 #define SQLITE_Stat4          0x0800   /* Use STAT4 data */
1692    /* TH3 expects the Stat4   ^^^^^^ value to be 0x0800.  Don't change it */
1693 #define SQLITE_PushDown       0x1000   /* The push-down optimization */
1694 #define SQLITE_SimplifyJoin   0x2000   /* Convert LEFT JOIN to JOIN */
1695 #define SQLITE_SkipScan       0x4000   /* Skip-scans */
1696 #define SQLITE_PropagateConst 0x8000   /* The constant propagation opt */
1697 #define SQLITE_AllOpts        0xffff   /* All optimizations */
1698 
1699 /*
1700 ** Macros for testing whether or not optimizations are enabled or disabled.
1701 */
1702 #define OptimizationDisabled(db, mask)  (((db)->dbOptFlags&(mask))!=0)
1703 #define OptimizationEnabled(db, mask)   (((db)->dbOptFlags&(mask))==0)
1704 
1705 /*
1706 ** Return true if it OK to factor constant expressions into the initialization
1707 ** code. The argument is a Parse object for the code generator.
1708 */
1709 #define ConstFactorOk(P) ((P)->okConstFactor)
1710 
1711 /*
1712 ** Possible values for the sqlite.magic field.
1713 ** The numbers are obtained at random and have no special meaning, other
1714 ** than being distinct from one another.
1715 */
1716 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN     0xa029a697  /* Database is open */
1717 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_CLOSED   0x9f3c2d33  /* Database is closed */
1718 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_SICK     0x4b771290  /* Error and awaiting close */
1719 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY     0xf03b7906  /* Database currently in use */
1720 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_ERROR    0xb5357930  /* An SQLITE_MISUSE error occurred */
1721 #define SQLITE_MAGIC_ZOMBIE   0x64cffc7f  /* Close with last statement close */
1722 
1723 /*
1724 ** Each SQL function is defined by an instance of the following
1725 ** structure.  For global built-in functions (ex: substr(), max(), count())
1726 ** a pointer to this structure is held in the sqlite3BuiltinFunctions object.
1727 ** For per-connection application-defined functions, a pointer to this
1728 ** structure is held in the db->aHash hash table.
1729 **
1730 ** The u.pHash field is used by the global built-ins.  The u.pDestructor
1731 ** field is used by per-connection app-def functions.
1732 */
1733 struct FuncDef {
1734   i8 nArg;             /* Number of arguments.  -1 means unlimited */
1735   u32 funcFlags;       /* Some combination of SQLITE_FUNC_* */
1736   void *pUserData;     /* User data parameter */
1737   FuncDef *pNext;      /* Next function with same name */
1738   void (*xSFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**); /* func or agg-step */
1739   void (*xFinalize)(sqlite3_context*);                  /* Agg finalizer */
1740   void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*);                     /* Current agg value */
1741   void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**); /* inverse agg-step */
1742   const char *zName;   /* SQL name of the function. */
1743   union {
1744     FuncDef *pHash;      /* Next with a different name but the same hash */
1745     FuncDestructor *pDestructor;   /* Reference counted destructor function */
1746   } u;
1747 };
1748 
1749 /*
1750 ** This structure encapsulates a user-function destructor callback (as
1751 ** configured using create_function_v2()) and a reference counter. When
1752 ** create_function_v2() is called to create a function with a destructor,
1753 ** a single object of this type is allocated. FuncDestructor.nRef is set to
1754 ** the number of FuncDef objects created (either 1 or 3, depending on whether
1755 ** or not the specified encoding is SQLITE_ANY). The FuncDef.pDestructor
1756 ** member of each of the new FuncDef objects is set to point to the allocated
1757 ** FuncDestructor.
1758 **
1759 ** Thereafter, when one of the FuncDef objects is deleted, the reference
1760 ** count on this object is decremented. When it reaches 0, the destructor
1761 ** is invoked and the FuncDestructor structure freed.
1762 */
1763 struct FuncDestructor {
1764   int nRef;
1765   void (*xDestroy)(void *);
1766   void *pUserData;
1767 };
1768 
1769 /*
1770 ** Possible values for FuncDef.flags.  Note that the _LENGTH and _TYPEOF
1771 ** values must correspond to OPFLAG_LENGTHARG and OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG.  And
1772 ** SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT must be the same as SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC.  There
1773 ** are assert() statements in the code to verify this.
1774 **
1775 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
1776 **     SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX    ==  NC_MinMaxAgg      == SF_MinMaxAgg
1777 **     SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH    ==  OPFLAG_LENGTHARG
1778 **     SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF    ==  OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG
1779 **     SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT  ==  SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC from the API
1780 **     SQLITE_FUNC_DIRECT    ==  SQLITE_DIRECTONLY from the API
1781 **     SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE    ==  SQLITE_INNOCUOUS
1782 **     SQLITE_FUNC_ENCMASK   depends on SQLITE_UTF* macros in the API
1783 */
1784 #define SQLITE_FUNC_ENCMASK  0x0003 /* SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_UTF16BE or UTF16LE */
1785 #define SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE     0x0004 /* Candidate for the LIKE optimization */
1786 #define SQLITE_FUNC_CASE     0x0008 /* Case-sensitive LIKE-type function */
1787 #define SQLITE_FUNC_EPHEM    0x0010 /* Ephemeral.  Delete with VDBE */
1788 #define SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL 0x0020 /* sqlite3GetFuncCollSeq() might be called*/
1789 #define SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH   0x0040 /* Built-in length() function */
1790 #define SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF   0x0080 /* Built-in typeof() function */
1791 #define SQLITE_FUNC_COUNT    0x0100 /* Built-in count(*) aggregate */
1792 /*                           0x0200 -- available for reuse */
1793 #define SQLITE_FUNC_UNLIKELY 0x0400 /* Built-in unlikely() function */
1794 #define SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT 0x0800 /* Constant inputs give a constant output */
1795 #define SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX   0x1000 /* True for min() and max() aggregates */
1796 #define SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG  0x2000 /* "Slow Change". Value constant during a
1797                                     ** single query - might change over time */
1798 #define SQLITE_FUNC_TEST     0x4000 /* Built-in testing functions */
1799 #define SQLITE_FUNC_OFFSET   0x8000 /* Built-in sqlite_offset() function */
1800 #define SQLITE_FUNC_WINDOW   0x00010000 /* Built-in window-only function */
1801 #define SQLITE_FUNC_INTERNAL 0x00040000 /* For use by NestedParse() only */
1802 #define SQLITE_FUNC_DIRECT   0x00080000 /* Not for use in TRIGGERs or VIEWs */
1803 #define SQLITE_FUNC_SUBTYPE  0x00100000 /* Result likely to have sub-type */
1804 #define SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE   0x00200000 /* Function has side effects */
1805 #define SQLITE_FUNC_INLINE   0x00400000 /* Functions implemented in-line */
1806 
1807 /* Identifier numbers for each in-line function */
1808 #define INLINEFUNC_coalesce             0
1809 #define INLINEFUNC_implies_nonnull_row  1
1810 #define INLINEFUNC_expr_implies_expr    2
1811 #define INLINEFUNC_expr_compare         3
1812 #define INLINEFUNC_affinity             4
1813 #define INLINEFUNC_iif                  5
1814 #define INLINEFUNC_unlikely            99  /* Default case */
1815 
1816 /*
1817 ** The following three macros, FUNCTION(), LIKEFUNC() and AGGREGATE() are
1818 ** used to create the initializers for the FuncDef structures.
1819 **
1820 **   FUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1821 **     Used to create a scalar function definition of a function zName
1822 **     implemented by C function xFunc that accepts nArg arguments. The
1823 **     value passed as iArg is cast to a (void*) and made available
1824 **     as the user-data (sqlite3_user_data()) for the function. If
1825 **     argument bNC is true, then the SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL flag is set.
1826 **
1827 **   VFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1828 **     Like FUNCTION except it omits the SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT flag.
1829 **
1830 **   SFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1831 **     Like FUNCTION except it omits the SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT flag and
1832 **     adds the SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag.
1833 **
1834 **   INLINE_FUNC(zName, nArg, iFuncId, mFlags)
1835 **     zName is the name of a function that is implemented by in-line
1836 **     byte code rather than by the usual callbacks. The iFuncId
1837 **     parameter determines the function id.  The mFlags parameter is
1838 **     optional SQLITE_FUNC_ flags for this function.
1839 **
1840 **   TEST_FUNC(zName, nArg, iFuncId, mFlags)
1841 **     zName is the name of a test-only function implemented by in-line
1842 **     byte code rather than by the usual callbacks. The iFuncId
1843 **     parameter determines the function id.  The mFlags parameter is
1844 **     optional SQLITE_FUNC_ flags for this function.
1845 **
1846 **   DFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1847 **     Like FUNCTION except it omits the SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT flag and
1848 **     adds the SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG flag.  Used for date & time functions
1849 **     and functions like sqlite_version() that can change, but not during
1850 **     a single query.  The iArg is ignored.  The user-data is always set
1851 **     to a NULL pointer.  The bNC parameter is not used.
1852 **
1853 **   PURE_DATE(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
1854 **     Used for "pure" date/time functions, this macro is like DFUNCTION
1855 **     except that it does set the SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT flags.  iArg is
1856 **     ignored and the user-data for these functions is set to an
1857 **     arbitrary non-NULL pointer.  The bNC parameter is not used.
1858 **
1859 **   AGGREGATE(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xStep, xFinal)
1860 **     Used to create an aggregate function definition implemented by
1861 **     the C functions xStep and xFinal. The first four parameters
1862 **     are interpreted in the same way as the first 4 parameters to
1863 **     FUNCTION().
1864 **
1865 **   WFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, xStep, xFinal, xValue, xInverse)
1866 **     Used to create an aggregate function definition implemented by
1867 **     the C functions xStep and xFinal. The first four parameters
1868 **     are interpreted in the same way as the first 4 parameters to
1869 **     FUNCTION().
1870 **
1871 **   LIKEFUNC(zName, nArg, pArg, flags)
1872 **     Used to create a scalar function definition of a function zName
1873 **     that accepts nArg arguments and is implemented by a call to C
1874 **     function likeFunc. Argument pArg is cast to a (void *) and made
1875 **     available as the function user-data (sqlite3_user_data()). The
1876 **     FuncDef.flags variable is set to the value passed as the flags
1877 **     parameter.
1878 */
1879 #define FUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1880   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1881    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1882 #define VFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1883   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1884    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1885 #define SFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1886   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_DIRECTONLY|SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE, \
1887    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1888 #define INLINE_FUNC(zName, nArg, iArg, mFlags) \
1889   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_FUNC_INLINE|SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|(mFlags), \
1890    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, noopFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1891 #define TEST_FUNC(zName, nArg, iArg, mFlags) \
1892   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_FUNC_INTERNAL|SQLITE_FUNC_TEST| \
1893          SQLITE_FUNC_INLINE|SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|(mFlags), \
1894    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, noopFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1895 #define DFUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1896   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG|SQLITE_UTF8, \
1897    0, 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1898 #define PURE_DATE(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1899   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG|SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT, \
1900    (void*)&sqlite3Config, 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1901 #define FUNCTION2(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc, extraFlags) \
1902   {nArg,SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL)|extraFlags,\
1903    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(iArg), 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1904 #define STR_FUNCTION(zName, nArg, pArg, bNC, xFunc) \
1905   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG|SQLITE_UTF8|(bNC*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL), \
1906    pArg, 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, }
1907 #define LIKEFUNC(zName, nArg, arg, flags) \
1908   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_UTF8|flags, \
1909    (void *)arg, 0, likeFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1910 #define WAGGREGATE(zName, nArg, arg, nc, xStep, xFinal, xValue, xInverse, f) \
1911   {nArg, SQLITE_UTF8|(nc*SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL)|f, \
1912    SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(arg), 0, xStep,xFinal,xValue,xInverse,#zName, {0}}
1913 #define INTERNAL_FUNCTION(zName, nArg, xFunc) \
1914   {nArg, SQLITE_FUNC_INTERNAL|SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT, \
1915    0, 0, xFunc, 0, 0, 0, #zName, {0} }
1916 
1917 
1918 /*
1919 ** All current savepoints are stored in a linked list starting at
1920 ** sqlite3.pSavepoint. The first element in the list is the most recently
1921 ** opened savepoint. Savepoints are added to the list by the vdbe
1922 ** OP_Savepoint instruction.
1923 */
1924 struct Savepoint {
1925   char *zName;                        /* Savepoint name (nul-terminated) */
1926   i64 nDeferredCons;                  /* Number of deferred fk violations */
1927   i64 nDeferredImmCons;               /* Number of deferred imm fk. */
1928   Savepoint *pNext;                   /* Parent savepoint (if any) */
1929 };
1930 
1931 /*
1932 ** The following are used as the second parameter to sqlite3Savepoint(),
1933 ** and as the P1 argument to the OP_Savepoint instruction.
1934 */
1935 #define SAVEPOINT_BEGIN      0
1936 #define SAVEPOINT_RELEASE    1
1937 #define SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK   2
1938 
1939 
1940 /*
1941 ** Each SQLite module (virtual table definition) is defined by an
1942 ** instance of the following structure, stored in the sqlite3.aModule
1943 ** hash table.
1944 */
1945 struct Module {
1946   const sqlite3_module *pModule;       /* Callback pointers */
1947   const char *zName;                   /* Name passed to create_module() */
1948   int nRefModule;                      /* Number of pointers to this object */
1949   void *pAux;                          /* pAux passed to create_module() */
1950   void (*xDestroy)(void *);            /* Module destructor function */
1951   Table *pEpoTab;                      /* Eponymous table for this module */
1952 };
1953 
1954 /*
1955 ** Information about each column of an SQL table is held in an instance
1956 ** of the Column structure, in the Table.aCol[] array.
1957 **
1958 ** Definitions:
1959 **
1960 **   "table column index"     This is the index of the column in the
1961 **                            Table.aCol[] array, and also the index of
1962 **                            the column in the original CREATE TABLE stmt.
1963 **
1964 **   "storage column index"   This is the index of the column in the
1965 **                            record BLOB generated by the OP_MakeRecord
1966 **                            opcode.  The storage column index is less than
1967 **                            or equal to the table column index.  It is
1968 **                            equal if and only if there are no VIRTUAL
1969 **                            columns to the left.
1970 */
1971 struct Column {
1972   char *zName;     /* Name of this column, \000, then the type */
1973   Expr *pDflt;     /* Default value or GENERATED ALWAYS AS value */
1974   char *zColl;     /* Collating sequence.  If NULL, use the default */
1975   u8 notNull;      /* An OE_ code for handling a NOT NULL constraint */
1976   char affinity;   /* One of the SQLITE_AFF_... values */
1977   u8 szEst;        /* Estimated size of value in this column. sizeof(INT)==1 */
1978   u8 hName;        /* Column name hash for faster lookup */
1979   u16 colFlags;    /* Boolean properties.  See COLFLAG_ defines below */
1980 };
1981 
1982 /* Allowed values for Column.colFlags:
1983 */
1984 #define COLFLAG_PRIMKEY   0x0001   /* Column is part of the primary key */
1985 #define COLFLAG_HIDDEN    0x0002   /* A hidden column in a virtual table */
1986 #define COLFLAG_HASTYPE   0x0004   /* Type name follows column name */
1987 #define COLFLAG_UNIQUE    0x0008   /* Column def contains "UNIQUE" or "PK" */
1988 #define COLFLAG_SORTERREF 0x0010   /* Use sorter-refs with this column */
1989 #define COLFLAG_VIRTUAL   0x0020   /* GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... VIRTUAL */
1990 #define COLFLAG_STORED    0x0040   /* GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... STORED */
1991 #define COLFLAG_NOTAVAIL  0x0080   /* STORED column not yet calculated */
1992 #define COLFLAG_BUSY      0x0100   /* Blocks recursion on GENERATED columns */
1993 #define COLFLAG_GENERATED 0x0060   /* Combo: _STORED, _VIRTUAL */
1994 #define COLFLAG_NOINSERT  0x0062   /* Combo: _HIDDEN, _STORED, _VIRTUAL */
1995 
1996 /*
1997 ** A "Collating Sequence" is defined by an instance of the following
1998 ** structure. Conceptually, a collating sequence consists of a name and
1999 ** a comparison routine that defines the order of that sequence.
2000 **
2001 ** If CollSeq.xCmp is NULL, it means that the
2002 ** collating sequence is undefined.  Indices built on an undefined
2003 ** collating sequence may not be read or written.
2004 */
2005 struct CollSeq {
2006   char *zName;          /* Name of the collating sequence, UTF-8 encoded */
2007   u8 enc;               /* Text encoding handled by xCmp() */
2008   void *pUser;          /* First argument to xCmp() */
2009   int (*xCmp)(void*,int, const void*, int, const void*);
2010   void (*xDel)(void*);  /* Destructor for pUser */
2011 };
2012 
2013 /*
2014 ** A sort order can be either ASC or DESC.
2015 */
2016 #define SQLITE_SO_ASC       0  /* Sort in ascending order */
2017 #define SQLITE_SO_DESC      1  /* Sort in ascending order */
2018 #define SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED -1 /* No sort order specified */
2019 
2020 /*
2021 ** Column affinity types.
2022 **
2023 ** These used to have mnemonic name like 'i' for SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER and
2024 ** 't' for SQLITE_AFF_TEXT.  But we can save a little space and improve
2025 ** the speed a little by numbering the values consecutively.
2026 **
2027 ** But rather than start with 0 or 1, we begin with 'A'.  That way,
2028 ** when multiple affinity types are concatenated into a string and
2029 ** used as the P4 operand, they will be more readable.
2030 **
2031 ** Note also that the numeric types are grouped together so that testing
2032 ** for a numeric type is a single comparison.  And the BLOB type is first.
2033 */
2034 #define SQLITE_AFF_NONE     0x40  /* '@' */
2035 #define SQLITE_AFF_BLOB     0x41  /* 'A' */
2036 #define SQLITE_AFF_TEXT     0x42  /* 'B' */
2037 #define SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC  0x43  /* 'C' */
2038 #define SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER  0x44  /* 'D' */
2039 #define SQLITE_AFF_REAL     0x45  /* 'E' */
2040 
2041 #define sqlite3IsNumericAffinity(X)  ((X)>=SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC)
2042 
2043 /*
2044 ** The SQLITE_AFF_MASK values masks off the significant bits of an
2045 ** affinity value.
2046 */
2047 #define SQLITE_AFF_MASK     0x47
2048 
2049 /*
2050 ** Additional bit values that can be ORed with an affinity without
2051 ** changing the affinity.
2052 **
2053 ** The SQLITE_NOTNULL flag is a combination of NULLEQ and JUMPIFNULL.
2054 ** It causes an assert() to fire if either operand to a comparison
2055 ** operator is NULL.  It is added to certain comparison operators to
2056 ** prove that the operands are always NOT NULL.
2057 */
2058 #define SQLITE_KEEPNULL     0x08  /* Used by vector == or <> */
2059 #define SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL   0x10  /* jumps if either operand is NULL */
2060 #define SQLITE_STOREP2      0x20  /* Store result in reg[P2] rather than jump */
2061 #define SQLITE_NULLEQ       0x80  /* NULL=NULL */
2062 #define SQLITE_NOTNULL      0x90  /* Assert that operands are never NULL */
2063 
2064 /*
2065 ** An object of this type is created for each virtual table present in
2066 ** the database schema.
2067 **
2068 ** If the database schema is shared, then there is one instance of this
2069 ** structure for each database connection (sqlite3*) that uses the shared
2070 ** schema. This is because each database connection requires its own unique
2071 ** instance of the sqlite3_vtab* handle used to access the virtual table
2072 ** implementation. sqlite3_vtab* handles can not be shared between
2073 ** database connections, even when the rest of the in-memory database
2074 ** schema is shared, as the implementation often stores the database
2075 ** connection handle passed to it via the xConnect() or xCreate() method
2076 ** during initialization internally. This database connection handle may
2077 ** then be used by the virtual table implementation to access real tables
2078 ** within the database. So that they appear as part of the callers
2079 ** transaction, these accesses need to be made via the same database
2080 ** connection as that used to execute SQL operations on the virtual table.
2081 **
2082 ** All VTable objects that correspond to a single table in a shared
2083 ** database schema are initially stored in a linked-list pointed to by
2084 ** the Table.pVTable member variable of the corresponding Table object.
2085 ** When an sqlite3_prepare() operation is required to access the virtual
2086 ** table, it searches the list for the VTable that corresponds to the
2087 ** database connection doing the preparing so as to use the correct
2088 ** sqlite3_vtab* handle in the compiled query.
2089 **
2090 ** When an in-memory Table object is deleted (for example when the
2091 ** schema is being reloaded for some reason), the VTable objects are not
2092 ** deleted and the sqlite3_vtab* handles are not xDisconnect()ed
2093 ** immediately. Instead, they are moved from the Table.pVTable list to
2094 ** another linked list headed by the sqlite3.pDisconnect member of the
2095 ** corresponding sqlite3 structure. They are then deleted/xDisconnected
2096 ** next time a statement is prepared using said sqlite3*. This is done
2097 ** to avoid deadlock issues involving multiple sqlite3.mutex mutexes.
2098 ** Refer to comments above function sqlite3VtabUnlockList() for an
2099 ** explanation as to why it is safe to add an entry to an sqlite3.pDisconnect
2100 ** list without holding the corresponding sqlite3.mutex mutex.
2101 **
2102 ** The memory for objects of this type is always allocated by
2103 ** sqlite3DbMalloc(), using the connection handle stored in VTable.db as
2104 ** the first argument.
2105 */
2106 struct VTable {
2107   sqlite3 *db;              /* Database connection associated with this table */
2108   Module *pMod;             /* Pointer to module implementation */
2109   sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Pointer to vtab instance */
2110   int nRef;                 /* Number of pointers to this structure */
2111   u8 bConstraint;           /* True if constraints are supported */
2112   u8 eVtabRisk;             /* Riskiness of allowing hacker access */
2113   int iSavepoint;           /* Depth of the SAVEPOINT stack */
2114   VTable *pNext;            /* Next in linked list (see above) */
2115 };
2116 
2117 /* Allowed values for VTable.eVtabRisk
2118 */
2119 #define SQLITE_VTABRISK_Low          0
2120 #define SQLITE_VTABRISK_Normal       1
2121 #define SQLITE_VTABRISK_High         2
2122 
2123 /*
2124 ** The schema for each SQL table and view is represented in memory
2125 ** by an instance of the following structure.
2126 */
2127 struct Table {
2128   char *zName;         /* Name of the table or view */
2129   Column *aCol;        /* Information about each column */
2130   Index *pIndex;       /* List of SQL indexes on this table. */
2131   Select *pSelect;     /* NULL for tables.  Points to definition if a view. */
2132   FKey *pFKey;         /* Linked list of all foreign keys in this table */
2133   char *zColAff;       /* String defining the affinity of each column */
2134   ExprList *pCheck;    /* All CHECK constraints */
2135                        /*   ... also used as column name list in a VIEW */
2136   Pgno tnum;           /* Root BTree page for this table */
2137   u32 nTabRef;         /* Number of pointers to this Table */
2138   u32 tabFlags;        /* Mask of TF_* values */
2139   i16 iPKey;           /* If not negative, use aCol[iPKey] as the rowid */
2140   i16 nCol;            /* Number of columns in this table */
2141   i16 nNVCol;          /* Number of columns that are not VIRTUAL */
2142   LogEst nRowLogEst;   /* Estimated rows in table - from sqlite_stat1 table */
2143   LogEst szTabRow;     /* Estimated size of each table row in bytes */
2144 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COSTMULT
2145   LogEst costMult;     /* Cost multiplier for using this table */
2146 #endif
2147   u8 keyConf;          /* What to do in case of uniqueness conflict on iPKey */
2148 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
2149   int addColOffset;    /* Offset in CREATE TABLE stmt to add a new column */
2150 #endif
2151 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
2152   int nModuleArg;      /* Number of arguments to the module */
2153   char **azModuleArg;  /* 0: module 1: schema 2: vtab name 3...: args */
2154   VTable *pVTable;     /* List of VTable objects. */
2155 #endif
2156   Trigger *pTrigger;   /* List of triggers stored in pSchema */
2157   Schema *pSchema;     /* Schema that contains this table */
2158   Table *pNextZombie;  /* Next on the Parse.pZombieTab list */
2159 };
2160 
2161 /*
2162 ** Allowed values for Table.tabFlags.
2163 **
2164 ** TF_OOOHidden applies to tables or view that have hidden columns that are
2165 ** followed by non-hidden columns.  Example:  "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x USING
2166 ** vtab1(a HIDDEN, b);".  Since "b" is a non-hidden column but "a" is hidden,
2167 ** the TF_OOOHidden attribute would apply in this case.  Such tables require
2168 ** special handling during INSERT processing. The "OOO" means "Out Of Order".
2169 **
2170 ** Constraints:
2171 **
2172 **         TF_HasVirtual == COLFLAG_Virtual
2173 **         TF_HasStored  == COLFLAG_Stored
2174 */
2175 #define TF_Readonly        0x0001    /* Read-only system table */
2176 #define TF_Ephemeral       0x0002    /* An ephemeral table */
2177 #define TF_HasPrimaryKey   0x0004    /* Table has a primary key */
2178 #define TF_Autoincrement   0x0008    /* Integer primary key is autoincrement */
2179 #define TF_HasStat1        0x0010    /* nRowLogEst set from sqlite_stat1 */
2180 #define TF_HasVirtual      0x0020    /* Has one or more VIRTUAL columns */
2181 #define TF_HasStored       0x0040    /* Has one or more STORED columns */
2182 #define TF_HasGenerated    0x0060    /* Combo: HasVirtual + HasStored */
2183 #define TF_WithoutRowid    0x0080    /* No rowid.  PRIMARY KEY is the key */
2184 #define TF_StatsUsed       0x0100    /* Query planner decisions affected by
2185                                      ** Index.aiRowLogEst[] values */
2186 #define TF_NoVisibleRowid  0x0200    /* No user-visible "rowid" column */
2187 #define TF_OOOHidden       0x0400    /* Out-of-Order hidden columns */
2188 #define TF_HasNotNull      0x0800    /* Contains NOT NULL constraints */
2189 #define TF_Shadow          0x1000    /* True for a shadow table */
2190 #define TF_HasStat4        0x2000    /* STAT4 info available for this table */
2191 
2192 /*
2193 ** Test to see whether or not a table is a virtual table.  This is
2194 ** done as a macro so that it will be optimized out when virtual
2195 ** table support is omitted from the build.
2196 */
2197 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
2198 #  define IsVirtual(X)      ((X)->nModuleArg)
2199 #  define ExprIsVtab(X)  \
2200               ((X)->op==TK_COLUMN && (X)->y.pTab!=0 && (X)->y.pTab->nModuleArg)
2201 #else
2202 #  define IsVirtual(X)      0
2203 #  define ExprIsVtab(X)     0
2204 #endif
2205 
2206 /*
2207 ** Macros to determine if a column is hidden.  IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn()
2208 ** only works for non-virtual tables (ordinary tables and views) and is
2209 ** always false unless SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS is defined.  The
2210 ** IsHiddenColumn() macro is general purpose.
2211 */
2212 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS)
2213 #  define IsHiddenColumn(X)         (((X)->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN)!=0)
2214 #  define IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(X) (((X)->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN)!=0)
2215 #elif !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
2216 #  define IsHiddenColumn(X)         (((X)->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN)!=0)
2217 #  define IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(X) 0
2218 #else
2219 #  define IsHiddenColumn(X)         0
2220 #  define IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(X) 0
2221 #endif
2222 
2223 
2224 /* Does the table have a rowid */
2225 #define HasRowid(X)     (((X)->tabFlags & TF_WithoutRowid)==0)
2226 #define VisibleRowid(X) (((X)->tabFlags & TF_NoVisibleRowid)==0)
2227 
2228 /*
2229 ** Each foreign key constraint is an instance of the following structure.
2230 **
2231 ** A foreign key is associated with two tables.  The "from" table is
2232 ** the table that contains the REFERENCES clause that creates the foreign
2233 ** key.  The "to" table is the table that is named in the REFERENCES clause.
2234 ** Consider this example:
2235 **
2236 **     CREATE TABLE ex1(
2237 **       a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
2238 **       b INTEGER CONSTRAINT fk1 REFERENCES ex2(x)
2239 **     );
2240 **
2241 ** For foreign key "fk1", the from-table is "ex1" and the to-table is "ex2".
2242 ** Equivalent names:
2243 **
2244 **     from-table == child-table
2245 **       to-table == parent-table
2246 **
2247 ** Each REFERENCES clause generates an instance of the following structure
2248 ** which is attached to the from-table.  The to-table need not exist when
2249 ** the from-table is created.  The existence of the to-table is not checked.
2250 **
2251 ** The list of all parents for child Table X is held at X.pFKey.
2252 **
2253 ** A list of all children for a table named Z (which might not even exist)
2254 ** is held in Schema.fkeyHash with a hash key of Z.
2255 */
2256 struct FKey {
2257   Table *pFrom;     /* Table containing the REFERENCES clause (aka: Child) */
2258   FKey *pNextFrom;  /* Next FKey with the same in pFrom. Next parent of pFrom */
2259   char *zTo;        /* Name of table that the key points to (aka: Parent) */
2260   FKey *pNextTo;    /* Next with the same zTo. Next child of zTo. */
2261   FKey *pPrevTo;    /* Previous with the same zTo */
2262   int nCol;         /* Number of columns in this key */
2263   /* EV: R-30323-21917 */
2264   u8 isDeferred;       /* True if constraint checking is deferred till COMMIT */
2265   u8 aAction[2];        /* ON DELETE and ON UPDATE actions, respectively */
2266   Trigger *apTrigger[2];/* Triggers for aAction[] actions */
2267   struct sColMap {      /* Mapping of columns in pFrom to columns in zTo */
2268     int iFrom;            /* Index of column in pFrom */
2269     char *zCol;           /* Name of column in zTo.  If NULL use PRIMARY KEY */
2270   } aCol[1];            /* One entry for each of nCol columns */
2271 };
2272 
2273 /*
2274 ** SQLite supports many different ways to resolve a constraint
2275 ** error.  ROLLBACK processing means that a constraint violation
2276 ** causes the operation in process to fail and for the current transaction
2277 ** to be rolled back.  ABORT processing means the operation in process
2278 ** fails and any prior changes from that one operation are backed out,
2279 ** but the transaction is not rolled back.  FAIL processing means that
2280 ** the operation in progress stops and returns an error code.  But prior
2281 ** changes due to the same operation are not backed out and no rollback
2282 ** occurs.  IGNORE means that the particular row that caused the constraint
2283 ** error is not inserted or updated.  Processing continues and no error
2284 ** is returned.  REPLACE means that preexisting database rows that caused
2285 ** a UNIQUE constraint violation are removed so that the new insert or
2286 ** update can proceed.  Processing continues and no error is reported.
2287 **
2288 ** RESTRICT, SETNULL, and CASCADE actions apply only to foreign keys.
2289 ** RESTRICT is the same as ABORT for IMMEDIATE foreign keys and the
2290 ** same as ROLLBACK for DEFERRED keys.  SETNULL means that the foreign
2291 ** key is set to NULL.  CASCADE means that a DELETE or UPDATE of the
2292 ** referenced table row is propagated into the row that holds the
2293 ** foreign key.
2294 **
2295 ** The following symbolic values are used to record which type
2296 ** of action to take.
2297 */
2298 #define OE_None     0   /* There is no constraint to check */
2299 #define OE_Rollback 1   /* Fail the operation and rollback the transaction */
2300 #define OE_Abort    2   /* Back out changes but do no rollback transaction */
2301 #define OE_Fail     3   /* Stop the operation but leave all prior changes */
2302 #define OE_Ignore   4   /* Ignore the error. Do not do the INSERT or UPDATE */
2303 #define OE_Replace  5   /* Delete existing record, then do INSERT or UPDATE */
2304 #define OE_Update   6   /* Process as a DO UPDATE in an upsert */
2305 #define OE_Restrict 7   /* OE_Abort for IMMEDIATE, OE_Rollback for DEFERRED */
2306 #define OE_SetNull  8   /* Set the foreign key value to NULL */
2307 #define OE_SetDflt  9   /* Set the foreign key value to its default */
2308 #define OE_Cascade  10  /* Cascade the changes */
2309 #define OE_Default  11  /* Do whatever the default action is */
2310 
2311 
2312 /*
2313 ** An instance of the following structure is passed as the first
2314 ** argument to sqlite3VdbeKeyCompare and is used to control the
2315 ** comparison of the two index keys.
2316 **
2317 ** Note that aSortOrder[] and aColl[] have nField+1 slots.  There
2318 ** are nField slots for the columns of an index then one extra slot
2319 ** for the rowid at the end.
2320 */
2321 struct KeyInfo {
2322   u32 nRef;           /* Number of references to this KeyInfo object */
2323   u8 enc;             /* Text encoding - one of the SQLITE_UTF* values */
2324   u16 nKeyField;      /* Number of key columns in the index */
2325   u16 nAllField;      /* Total columns, including key plus others */
2326   sqlite3 *db;        /* The database connection */
2327   u8 *aSortFlags;     /* Sort order for each column. */
2328   CollSeq *aColl[1];  /* Collating sequence for each term of the key */
2329 };
2330 
2331 /*
2332 ** Allowed bit values for entries in the KeyInfo.aSortFlags[] array.
2333 */
2334 #define KEYINFO_ORDER_DESC    0x01    /* DESC sort order */
2335 #define KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL 0x02    /* NULL is larger than any other value */
2336 
2337 /*
2338 ** This object holds a record which has been parsed out into individual
2339 ** fields, for the purposes of doing a comparison.
2340 **
2341 ** A record is an object that contains one or more fields of data.
2342 ** Records are used to store the content of a table row and to store
2343 ** the key of an index.  A blob encoding of a record is created by
2344 ** the OP_MakeRecord opcode of the VDBE and is disassembled by the
2345 ** OP_Column opcode.
2346 **
2347 ** An instance of this object serves as a "key" for doing a search on
2348 ** an index b+tree. The goal of the search is to find the entry that
2349 ** is closed to the key described by this object.  This object might hold
2350 ** just a prefix of the key.  The number of fields is given by
2351 ** pKeyInfo->nField.
2352 **
2353 ** The r1 and r2 fields are the values to return if this key is less than
2354 ** or greater than a key in the btree, respectively.  These are normally
2355 ** -1 and +1 respectively, but might be inverted to +1 and -1 if the b-tree
2356 ** is in DESC order.
2357 **
2358 ** The key comparison functions actually return default_rc when they find
2359 ** an equals comparison.  default_rc can be -1, 0, or +1.  If there are
2360 ** multiple entries in the b-tree with the same key (when only looking
2361 ** at the first pKeyInfo->nFields,) then default_rc can be set to -1 to
2362 ** cause the search to find the last match, or +1 to cause the search to
2363 ** find the first match.
2364 **
2365 ** The key comparison functions will set eqSeen to true if they ever
2366 ** get and equal results when comparing this structure to a b-tree record.
2367 ** When default_rc!=0, the search might end up on the record immediately
2368 ** before the first match or immediately after the last match.  The
2369 ** eqSeen field will indicate whether or not an exact match exists in the
2370 ** b-tree.
2371 */
2372 struct UnpackedRecord {
2373   KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;  /* Collation and sort-order information */
2374   Mem *aMem;          /* Values */
2375   u16 nField;         /* Number of entries in apMem[] */
2376   i8 default_rc;      /* Comparison result if keys are equal */
2377   u8 errCode;         /* Error detected by xRecordCompare (CORRUPT or NOMEM) */
2378   i8 r1;              /* Value to return if (lhs < rhs) */
2379   i8 r2;              /* Value to return if (lhs > rhs) */
2380   u8 eqSeen;          /* True if an equality comparison has been seen */
2381 };
2382 
2383 
2384 /*
2385 ** Each SQL index is represented in memory by an
2386 ** instance of the following structure.
2387 **
2388 ** The columns of the table that are to be indexed are described
2389 ** by the aiColumn[] field of this structure.  For example, suppose
2390 ** we have the following table and index:
2391 **
2392 **     CREATE TABLE Ex1(c1 int, c2 int, c3 text);
2393 **     CREATE INDEX Ex2 ON Ex1(c3,c1);
2394 **
2395 ** In the Table structure describing Ex1, nCol==3 because there are
2396 ** three columns in the table.  In the Index structure describing
2397 ** Ex2, nColumn==2 since 2 of the 3 columns of Ex1 are indexed.
2398 ** The value of aiColumn is {2, 0}.  aiColumn[0]==2 because the
2399 ** first column to be indexed (c3) has an index of 2 in Ex1.aCol[].
2400 ** The second column to be indexed (c1) has an index of 0 in
2401 ** Ex1.aCol[], hence Ex2.aiColumn[1]==0.
2402 **
2403 ** The Index.onError field determines whether or not the indexed columns
2404 ** must be unique and what to do if they are not.  When Index.onError=OE_None,
2405 ** it means this is not a unique index.  Otherwise it is a unique index
2406 ** and the value of Index.onError indicate the which conflict resolution
2407 ** algorithm to employ whenever an attempt is made to insert a non-unique
2408 ** element.
2409 **
2410 ** While parsing a CREATE TABLE or CREATE INDEX statement in order to
2411 ** generate VDBE code (as opposed to parsing one read from an sqlite_schema
2412 ** table as part of parsing an existing database schema), transient instances
2413 ** of this structure may be created. In this case the Index.tnum variable is
2414 ** used to store the address of a VDBE instruction, not a database page
2415 ** number (it cannot - the database page is not allocated until the VDBE
2416 ** program is executed). See convertToWithoutRowidTable() for details.
2417 */
2418 struct Index {
2419   char *zName;             /* Name of this index */
2420   i16 *aiColumn;           /* Which columns are used by this index.  1st is 0 */
2421   LogEst *aiRowLogEst;     /* From ANALYZE: Est. rows selected by each column */
2422   Table *pTable;           /* The SQL table being indexed */
2423   char *zColAff;           /* String defining the affinity of each column */
2424   Index *pNext;            /* The next index associated with the same table */
2425   Schema *pSchema;         /* Schema containing this index */
2426   u8 *aSortOrder;          /* for each column: True==DESC, False==ASC */
2427   const char **azColl;     /* Array of collation sequence names for index */
2428   Expr *pPartIdxWhere;     /* WHERE clause for partial indices */
2429   ExprList *aColExpr;      /* Column expressions */
2430   Pgno tnum;               /* DB Page containing root of this index */
2431   LogEst szIdxRow;         /* Estimated average row size in bytes */
2432   u16 nKeyCol;             /* Number of columns forming the key */
2433   u16 nColumn;             /* Number of columns stored in the index */
2434   u8 onError;              /* OE_Abort, OE_Ignore, OE_Replace, or OE_None */
2435   unsigned idxType:2;      /* 0:Normal 1:UNIQUE, 2:PRIMARY KEY, 3:IPK */
2436   unsigned bUnordered:1;   /* Use this index for == or IN queries only */
2437   unsigned uniqNotNull:1;  /* True if UNIQUE and NOT NULL for all columns */
2438   unsigned isResized:1;    /* True if resizeIndexObject() has been called */
2439   unsigned isCovering:1;   /* True if this is a covering index */
2440   unsigned noSkipScan:1;   /* Do not try to use skip-scan if true */
2441   unsigned hasStat1:1;     /* aiRowLogEst values come from sqlite_stat1 */
2442   unsigned bNoQuery:1;     /* Do not use this index to optimize queries */
2443   unsigned bAscKeyBug:1;   /* True if the bba7b69f9849b5bf bug applies */
2444   unsigned bHasVCol:1;     /* Index references one or more VIRTUAL columns */
2445 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
2446   int nSample;             /* Number of elements in aSample[] */
2447   int nSampleCol;          /* Size of IndexSample.anEq[] and so on */
2448   tRowcnt *aAvgEq;         /* Average nEq values for keys not in aSample */
2449   IndexSample *aSample;    /* Samples of the left-most key */
2450   tRowcnt *aiRowEst;       /* Non-logarithmic stat1 data for this index */
2451   tRowcnt nRowEst0;        /* Non-logarithmic number of rows in the index */
2452 #endif
2453   Bitmask colNotIdxed;     /* 0 for unindexed columns in pTab */
2454 };
2455 
2456 /*
2457 ** Allowed values for Index.idxType
2458 */
2459 #define SQLITE_IDXTYPE_APPDEF      0   /* Created using CREATE INDEX */
2460 #define SQLITE_IDXTYPE_UNIQUE      1   /* Implements a UNIQUE constraint */
2461 #define SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY  2   /* Is the PRIMARY KEY for the table */
2462 #define SQLITE_IDXTYPE_IPK         3   /* INTEGER PRIMARY KEY index */
2463 
2464 /* Return true if index X is a PRIMARY KEY index */
2465 #define IsPrimaryKeyIndex(X)  ((X)->idxType==SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY)
2466 
2467 /* Return true if index X is a UNIQUE index */
2468 #define IsUniqueIndex(X)      ((X)->onError!=OE_None)
2469 
2470 /* The Index.aiColumn[] values are normally positive integer.  But
2471 ** there are some negative values that have special meaning:
2472 */
2473 #define XN_ROWID     (-1)     /* Indexed column is the rowid */
2474 #define XN_EXPR      (-2)     /* Indexed column is an expression */
2475 
2476 /*
2477 ** Each sample stored in the sqlite_stat4 table is represented in memory
2478 ** using a structure of this type.  See documentation at the top of the
2479 ** analyze.c source file for additional information.
2480 */
2481 struct IndexSample {
2482   void *p;          /* Pointer to sampled record */
2483   int n;            /* Size of record in bytes */
2484   tRowcnt *anEq;    /* Est. number of rows where the key equals this sample */
2485   tRowcnt *anLt;    /* Est. number of rows where key is less than this sample */
2486   tRowcnt *anDLt;   /* Est. number of distinct keys less than this sample */
2487 };
2488 
2489 /*
2490 ** Possible values to use within the flags argument to sqlite3GetToken().
2491 */
2492 #define SQLITE_TOKEN_QUOTED    0x1 /* Token is a quoted identifier. */
2493 #define SQLITE_TOKEN_KEYWORD   0x2 /* Token is a keyword. */
2494 
2495 /*
2496 ** Each token coming out of the lexer is an instance of
2497 ** this structure.  Tokens are also used as part of an expression.
2498 **
2499 ** The memory that "z" points to is owned by other objects.  Take care
2500 ** that the owner of the "z" string does not deallocate the string before
2501 ** the Token goes out of scope!  Very often, the "z" points to some place
2502 ** in the middle of the Parse.zSql text.  But it might also point to a
2503 ** static string.
2504 */
2505 struct Token {
2506   const char *z;     /* Text of the token.  Not NULL-terminated! */
2507   unsigned int n;    /* Number of characters in this token */
2508 };
2509 
2510 /*
2511 ** An instance of this structure contains information needed to generate
2512 ** code for a SELECT that contains aggregate functions.
2513 **
2514 ** If Expr.op==TK_AGG_COLUMN or TK_AGG_FUNCTION then Expr.pAggInfo is a
2515 ** pointer to this structure.  The Expr.iAgg field is the index in
2516 ** AggInfo.aCol[] or AggInfo.aFunc[] of information needed to generate
2517 ** code for that node.
2518 **
2519 ** AggInfo.pGroupBy and AggInfo.aFunc.pExpr point to fields within the
2520 ** original Select structure that describes the SELECT statement.  These
2521 ** fields do not need to be freed when deallocating the AggInfo structure.
2522 */
2523 struct AggInfo {
2524   u8 directMode;          /* Direct rendering mode means take data directly
2525                           ** from source tables rather than from accumulators */
2526   u8 useSortingIdx;       /* In direct mode, reference the sorting index rather
2527                           ** than the source table */
2528   int sortingIdx;         /* Cursor number of the sorting index */
2529   int sortingIdxPTab;     /* Cursor number of pseudo-table */
2530   int nSortingColumn;     /* Number of columns in the sorting index */
2531   int mnReg, mxReg;       /* Range of registers allocated for aCol and aFunc */
2532   ExprList *pGroupBy;     /* The group by clause */
2533   struct AggInfo_col {    /* For each column used in source tables */
2534     Table *pTab;             /* Source table */
2535     Expr *pCExpr;            /* The original expression */
2536     int iTable;              /* Cursor number of the source table */
2537     int iMem;                /* Memory location that acts as accumulator */
2538     i16 iColumn;             /* Column number within the source table */
2539     i16 iSorterColumn;       /* Column number in the sorting index */
2540   } *aCol;
2541   int nColumn;            /* Number of used entries in aCol[] */
2542   int nAccumulator;       /* Number of columns that show through to the output.
2543                           ** Additional columns are used only as parameters to
2544                           ** aggregate functions */
2545   struct AggInfo_func {   /* For each aggregate function */
2546     Expr *pFExpr;            /* Expression encoding the function */
2547     FuncDef *pFunc;          /* The aggregate function implementation */
2548     int iMem;                /* Memory location that acts as accumulator */
2549     int iDistinct;           /* Ephemeral table used to enforce DISTINCT */
2550   } *aFunc;
2551   int nFunc;              /* Number of entries in aFunc[] */
2552   u32 selId;              /* Select to which this AggInfo belongs */
2553   AggInfo *pNext;         /* Next in list of them all */
2554 };
2555 
2556 /*
2557 ** The datatype ynVar is a signed integer, either 16-bit or 32-bit.
2558 ** Usually it is 16-bits.  But if SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER is greater
2559 ** than 32767 we have to make it 32-bit.  16-bit is preferred because
2560 ** it uses less memory in the Expr object, which is a big memory user
2561 ** in systems with lots of prepared statements.  And few applications
2562 ** need more than about 10 or 20 variables.  But some extreme users want
2563 ** to have prepared statements with over 32766 variables, and for them
2564 ** the option is available (at compile-time).
2565 */
2566 #if SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER<32767
2567 typedef i16 ynVar;
2568 #else
2569 typedef int ynVar;
2570 #endif
2571 
2572 /*
2573 ** Each node of an expression in the parse tree is an instance
2574 ** of this structure.
2575 **
2576 ** Expr.op is the opcode. The integer parser token codes are reused
2577 ** as opcodes here. For example, the parser defines TK_GE to be an integer
2578 ** code representing the ">=" operator. This same integer code is reused
2579 ** to represent the greater-than-or-equal-to operator in the expression
2580 ** tree.
2581 **
2582 ** If the expression is an SQL literal (TK_INTEGER, TK_FLOAT, TK_BLOB,
2583 ** or TK_STRING), then Expr.token contains the text of the SQL literal. If
2584 ** the expression is a variable (TK_VARIABLE), then Expr.token contains the
2585 ** variable name. Finally, if the expression is an SQL function (TK_FUNCTION),
2586 ** then Expr.token contains the name of the function.
2587 **
2588 ** Expr.pRight and Expr.pLeft are the left and right subexpressions of a
2589 ** binary operator. Either or both may be NULL.
2590 **
2591 ** Expr.x.pList is a list of arguments if the expression is an SQL function,
2592 ** a CASE expression or an IN expression of the form "<lhs> IN (<y>, <z>...)".
2593 ** Expr.x.pSelect is used if the expression is a sub-select or an expression of
2594 ** the form "<lhs> IN (SELECT ...)". If the EP_xIsSelect bit is set in the
2595 ** Expr.flags mask, then Expr.x.pSelect is valid. Otherwise, Expr.x.pList is
2596 ** valid.
2597 **
2598 ** An expression of the form ID or ID.ID refers to a column in a table.
2599 ** For such expressions, Expr.op is set to TK_COLUMN and Expr.iTable is
2600 ** the integer cursor number of a VDBE cursor pointing to that table and
2601 ** Expr.iColumn is the column number for the specific column.  If the
2602 ** expression is used as a result in an aggregate SELECT, then the
2603 ** value is also stored in the Expr.iAgg column in the aggregate so that
2604 ** it can be accessed after all aggregates are computed.
2605 **
2606 ** If the expression is an unbound variable marker (a question mark
2607 ** character '?' in the original SQL) then the Expr.iTable holds the index
2608 ** number for that variable.
2609 **
2610 ** If the expression is a subquery then Expr.iColumn holds an integer
2611 ** register number containing the result of the subquery.  If the
2612 ** subquery gives a constant result, then iTable is -1.  If the subquery
2613 ** gives a different answer at different times during statement processing
2614 ** then iTable is the address of a subroutine that computes the subquery.
2615 **
2616 ** If the Expr is of type OP_Column, and the table it is selecting from
2617 ** is a disk table or the "old.*" pseudo-table, then pTab points to the
2618 ** corresponding table definition.
2619 **
2620 ** ALLOCATION NOTES:
2621 **
2622 ** Expr objects can use a lot of memory space in database schema.  To
2623 ** help reduce memory requirements, sometimes an Expr object will be
2624 ** truncated.  And to reduce the number of memory allocations, sometimes
2625 ** two or more Expr objects will be stored in a single memory allocation,
2626 ** together with Expr.zToken strings.
2627 **
2628 ** If the EP_Reduced and EP_TokenOnly flags are set when
2629 ** an Expr object is truncated.  When EP_Reduced is set, then all
2630 ** the child Expr objects in the Expr.pLeft and Expr.pRight subtrees
2631 ** are contained within the same memory allocation.  Note, however, that
2632 ** the subtrees in Expr.x.pList or Expr.x.pSelect are always separately
2633 ** allocated, regardless of whether or not EP_Reduced is set.
2634 */
2635 struct Expr {
2636   u8 op;                 /* Operation performed by this node */
2637   char affExpr;          /* affinity, or RAISE type */
2638   u8 op2;                /* TK_REGISTER/TK_TRUTH: original value of Expr.op
2639                          ** TK_COLUMN: the value of p5 for OP_Column
2640                          ** TK_AGG_FUNCTION: nesting depth
2641                          ** TK_FUNCTION: NC_SelfRef flag if needs OP_PureFunc */
2642 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
2643   u8 vvaFlags;           /* Verification flags. */
2644 #endif
2645   u32 flags;             /* Various flags.  EP_* See below */
2646   union {
2647     char *zToken;          /* Token value. Zero terminated and dequoted */
2648     int iValue;            /* Non-negative integer value if EP_IntValue */
2649   } u;
2650 
2651   /* If the EP_TokenOnly flag is set in the Expr.flags mask, then no
2652   ** space is allocated for the fields below this point. An attempt to
2653   ** access them will result in a segfault or malfunction.
2654   *********************************************************************/
2655 
2656   Expr *pLeft;           /* Left subnode */
2657   Expr *pRight;          /* Right subnode */
2658   union {
2659     ExprList *pList;     /* op = IN, EXISTS, SELECT, CASE, FUNCTION, BETWEEN */
2660     Select *pSelect;     /* EP_xIsSelect and op = IN, EXISTS, SELECT */
2661   } x;
2662 
2663   /* If the EP_Reduced flag is set in the Expr.flags mask, then no
2664   ** space is allocated for the fields below this point. An attempt to
2665   ** access them will result in a segfault or malfunction.
2666   *********************************************************************/
2667 
2668 #if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
2669   int nHeight;           /* Height of the tree headed by this node */
2670 #endif
2671   int iTable;            /* TK_COLUMN: cursor number of table holding column
2672                          ** TK_REGISTER: register number
2673                          ** TK_TRIGGER: 1 -> new, 0 -> old
2674                          ** EP_Unlikely:  134217728 times likelihood
2675                          ** TK_IN: ephemerial table holding RHS
2676                          ** TK_SELECT_COLUMN: Number of columns on the LHS
2677                          ** TK_SELECT: 1st register of result vector */
2678   ynVar iColumn;         /* TK_COLUMN: column index.  -1 for rowid.
2679                          ** TK_VARIABLE: variable number (always >= 1).
2680                          ** TK_SELECT_COLUMN: column of the result vector */
2681   i16 iAgg;              /* Which entry in pAggInfo->aCol[] or ->aFunc[] */
2682   i16 iRightJoinTable;   /* If EP_FromJoin, the right table of the join */
2683   AggInfo *pAggInfo;     /* Used by TK_AGG_COLUMN and TK_AGG_FUNCTION */
2684   union {
2685     Table *pTab;           /* TK_COLUMN: Table containing column. Can be NULL
2686                            ** for a column of an index on an expression */
2687     Window *pWin;          /* EP_WinFunc: Window/Filter defn for a function */
2688     struct {               /* TK_IN, TK_SELECT, and TK_EXISTS */
2689       int iAddr;             /* Subroutine entry address */
2690       int regReturn;         /* Register used to hold return address */
2691     } sub;
2692   } y;
2693 };
2694 
2695 /*
2696 ** The following are the meanings of bits in the Expr.flags field.
2697 ** Value restrictions:
2698 **
2699 **          EP_Agg == NC_HasAgg == SF_HasAgg
2700 **          EP_Win == NC_HasWin
2701 */
2702 #define EP_FromJoin   0x000001 /* Originates in ON/USING clause of outer join */
2703 #define EP_Distinct   0x000002 /* Aggregate function with DISTINCT keyword */
2704 #define EP_HasFunc    0x000004 /* Contains one or more functions of any kind */
2705 #define EP_FixedCol   0x000008 /* TK_Column with a known fixed value */
2706 #define EP_Agg        0x000010 /* Contains one or more aggregate functions */
2707 #define EP_VarSelect  0x000020 /* pSelect is correlated, not constant */
2708 #define EP_DblQuoted  0x000040 /* token.z was originally in "..." */
2709 #define EP_InfixFunc  0x000080 /* True for an infix function: LIKE, GLOB, etc */
2710 #define EP_Collate    0x000100 /* Tree contains a TK_COLLATE operator */
2711 #define EP_Commuted   0x000200 /* Comparison operator has been commuted */
2712 #define EP_IntValue   0x000400 /* Integer value contained in u.iValue */
2713 #define EP_xIsSelect  0x000800 /* x.pSelect is valid (otherwise x.pList is) */
2714 #define EP_Skip       0x001000 /* Operator does not contribute to affinity */
2715 #define EP_Reduced    0x002000 /* Expr struct EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE bytes only */
2716 #define EP_TokenOnly  0x004000 /* Expr struct EXPR_TOKENONLYSIZE bytes only */
2717 #define EP_Win        0x008000 /* Contains window functions */
2718 #define EP_MemToken   0x010000 /* Need to sqlite3DbFree() Expr.zToken */
2719 #define EP_IfNullRow  0x020000 /* The TK_IF_NULL_ROW opcode */
2720 #define EP_Unlikely   0x040000 /* unlikely() or likelihood() function */
2721 #define EP_ConstFunc  0x080000 /* A SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT or _SLOCHNG function */
2722 #define EP_CanBeNull  0x100000 /* Can be null despite NOT NULL constraint */
2723 #define EP_Subquery   0x200000 /* Tree contains a TK_SELECT operator */
2724 #define EP_Alias      0x400000 /* Is an alias for a result set column */
2725 #define EP_Leaf       0x800000 /* Expr.pLeft, .pRight, .u.pSelect all NULL */
2726 #define EP_WinFunc   0x1000000 /* TK_FUNCTION with Expr.y.pWin set */
2727 #define EP_Subrtn    0x2000000 /* Uses Expr.y.sub. TK_IN, _SELECT, or _EXISTS */
2728 #define EP_Quoted    0x4000000 /* TK_ID was originally quoted */
2729 #define EP_Static    0x8000000 /* Held in memory not obtained from malloc() */
2730 #define EP_IsTrue   0x10000000 /* Always has boolean value of TRUE */
2731 #define EP_IsFalse  0x20000000 /* Always has boolean value of FALSE */
2732 #define EP_FromDDL  0x40000000 /* Originates from sqlite_schema */
2733                /*   0x80000000 // Available */
2734 
2735 /*
2736 ** The EP_Propagate mask is a set of properties that automatically propagate
2737 ** upwards into parent nodes.
2738 */
2739 #define EP_Propagate (EP_Collate|EP_Subquery|EP_HasFunc)
2740 
2741 /*
2742 ** These macros can be used to test, set, or clear bits in the
2743 ** Expr.flags field.
2744 */
2745 #define ExprHasProperty(E,P)     (((E)->flags&(P))!=0)
2746 #define ExprHasAllProperty(E,P)  (((E)->flags&(P))==(P))
2747 #define ExprSetProperty(E,P)     (E)->flags|=(P)
2748 #define ExprClearProperty(E,P)   (E)->flags&=~(P)
2749 #define ExprAlwaysTrue(E)   (((E)->flags&(EP_FromJoin|EP_IsTrue))==EP_IsTrue)
2750 #define ExprAlwaysFalse(E)  (((E)->flags&(EP_FromJoin|EP_IsFalse))==EP_IsFalse)
2751 
2752 
2753 /* Flags for use with Expr.vvaFlags
2754 */
2755 #define EP_NoReduce   0x01  /* Cannot EXPRDUP_REDUCE this Expr */
2756 #define EP_Immutable  0x02  /* Do not change this Expr node */
2757 
2758 /* The ExprSetVVAProperty() macro is used for Verification, Validation,
2759 ** and Accreditation only.  It works like ExprSetProperty() during VVA
2760 ** processes but is a no-op for delivery.
2761 */
2762 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
2763 # define ExprSetVVAProperty(E,P)   (E)->vvaFlags|=(P)
2764 # define ExprHasVVAProperty(E,P)   (((E)->vvaFlags&(P))!=0)
2765 # define ExprClearVVAProperties(E) (E)->vvaFlags = 0
2766 #else
2767 # define ExprSetVVAProperty(E,P)
2768 # define ExprHasVVAProperty(E,P)   0
2769 # define ExprClearVVAProperties(E)
2770 #endif
2771 
2772 /*
2773 ** Macros to determine the number of bytes required by a normal Expr
2774 ** struct, an Expr struct with the EP_Reduced flag set in Expr.flags
2775 ** and an Expr struct with the EP_TokenOnly flag set.
2776 */
2777 #define EXPR_FULLSIZE           sizeof(Expr)           /* Full size */
2778 #define EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE        offsetof(Expr,iTable)  /* Common features */
2779 #define EXPR_TOKENONLYSIZE      offsetof(Expr,pLeft)   /* Fewer features */
2780 
2781 /*
2782 ** Flags passed to the sqlite3ExprDup() function. See the header comment
2783 ** above sqlite3ExprDup() for details.
2784 */
2785 #define EXPRDUP_REDUCE         0x0001  /* Used reduced-size Expr nodes */
2786 
2787 /*
2788 ** True if the expression passed as an argument was a function with
2789 ** an OVER() clause (a window function).
2790 */
2791 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
2792 # define IsWindowFunc(p) 0
2793 #else
2794 # define IsWindowFunc(p) ( \
2795     ExprHasProperty((p), EP_WinFunc) && p->y.pWin->eFrmType!=TK_FILTER \
2796  )
2797 #endif
2798 
2799 /*
2800 ** A list of expressions.  Each expression may optionally have a
2801 ** name.  An expr/name combination can be used in several ways, such
2802 ** as the list of "expr AS ID" fields following a "SELECT" or in the
2803 ** list of "ID = expr" items in an UPDATE.  A list of expressions can
2804 ** also be used as the argument to a function, in which case the a.zName
2805 ** field is not used.
2806 **
2807 ** In order to try to keep memory usage down, the Expr.a.zEName field
2808 ** is used for multiple purposes:
2809 **
2810 **     eEName          Usage
2811 **    ----------       -------------------------
2812 **    ENAME_NAME       (1) the AS of result set column
2813 **                     (2) COLUMN= of an UPDATE
2814 **
2815 **    ENAME_TAB        DB.TABLE.NAME used to resolve names
2816 **                     of subqueries
2817 **
2818 **    ENAME_SPAN       Text of the original result set
2819 **                     expression.
2820 */
2821 struct ExprList {
2822   int nExpr;             /* Number of expressions on the list */
2823   struct ExprList_item { /* For each expression in the list */
2824     Expr *pExpr;            /* The parse tree for this expression */
2825     char *zEName;           /* Token associated with this expression */
2826     u8 sortFlags;           /* Mask of KEYINFO_ORDER_* flags */
2827     unsigned eEName :2;     /* Meaning of zEName */
2828     unsigned done :1;       /* A flag to indicate when processing is finished */
2829     unsigned reusable :1;   /* Constant expression is reusable */
2830     unsigned bSorterRef :1; /* Defer evaluation until after sorting */
2831     unsigned bNulls: 1;     /* True if explicit "NULLS FIRST/LAST" */
2832     union {
2833       struct {
2834         u16 iOrderByCol;      /* For ORDER BY, column number in result set */
2835         u16 iAlias;           /* Index into Parse.aAlias[] for zName */
2836       } x;
2837       int iConstExprReg;      /* Register in which Expr value is cached */
2838     } u;
2839   } a[1];                  /* One slot for each expression in the list */
2840 };
2841 
2842 /*
2843 ** Allowed values for Expr.a.eEName
2844 */
2845 #define ENAME_NAME  0       /* The AS clause of a result set */
2846 #define ENAME_SPAN  1       /* Complete text of the result set expression */
2847 #define ENAME_TAB   2       /* "DB.TABLE.NAME" for the result set */
2848 
2849 /*
2850 ** An instance of this structure can hold a simple list of identifiers,
2851 ** such as the list "a,b,c" in the following statements:
2852 **
2853 **      INSERT INTO t(a,b,c) VALUES ...;
2854 **      CREATE INDEX idx ON t(a,b,c);
2855 **      CREATE TRIGGER trig BEFORE UPDATE ON t(a,b,c) ...;
2856 **
2857 ** The IdList.a.idx field is used when the IdList represents the list of
2858 ** column names after a table name in an INSERT statement.  In the statement
2859 **
2860 **     INSERT INTO t(a,b,c) ...
2861 **
2862 ** If "a" is the k-th column of table "t", then IdList.a[0].idx==k.
2863 */
2864 struct IdList {
2865   struct IdList_item {
2866     char *zName;      /* Name of the identifier */
2867     int idx;          /* Index in some Table.aCol[] of a column named zName */
2868   } *a;
2869   int nId;         /* Number of identifiers on the list */
2870 };
2871 
2872 /*
2873 ** The following structure describes the FROM clause of a SELECT statement.
2874 ** Each table or subquery in the FROM clause is a separate element of
2875 ** the SrcList.a[] array.
2876 **
2877 ** With the addition of multiple database support, the following structure
2878 ** can also be used to describe a particular table such as the table that
2879 ** is modified by an INSERT, DELETE, or UPDATE statement.  In standard SQL,
2880 ** such a table must be a simple name: ID.  But in SQLite, the table can
2881 ** now be identified by a database name, a dot, then the table name: ID.ID.
2882 **
2883 ** The jointype starts out showing the join type between the current table
2884 ** and the next table on the list.  The parser builds the list this way.
2885 ** But sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType() later shifts the jointypes so that each
2886 ** jointype expresses the join between the table and the previous table.
2887 **
2888 ** In the colUsed field, the high-order bit (bit 63) is set if the table
2889 ** contains more than 63 columns and the 64-th or later column is used.
2890 */
2891 struct SrcList {
2892   int nSrc;        /* Number of tables or subqueries in the FROM clause */
2893   u32 nAlloc;      /* Number of entries allocated in a[] below */
2894   struct SrcList_item {
2895     Schema *pSchema;  /* Schema to which this item is fixed */
2896     char *zDatabase;  /* Name of database holding this table */
2897     char *zName;      /* Name of the table */
2898     char *zAlias;     /* The "B" part of a "A AS B" phrase.  zName is the "A" */
2899     Table *pTab;      /* An SQL table corresponding to zName */
2900     Select *pSelect;  /* A SELECT statement used in place of a table name */
2901     int addrFillSub;  /* Address of subroutine to manifest a subquery */
2902     int regReturn;    /* Register holding return address of addrFillSub */
2903     int regResult;    /* Registers holding results of a co-routine */
2904     struct {
2905       u8 jointype;      /* Type of join between this table and the previous */
2906       unsigned notIndexed :1;    /* True if there is a NOT INDEXED clause */
2907       unsigned isIndexedBy :1;   /* True if there is an INDEXED BY clause */
2908       unsigned isTabFunc :1;     /* True if table-valued-function syntax */
2909       unsigned isCorrelated :1;  /* True if sub-query is correlated */
2910       unsigned viaCoroutine :1;  /* Implemented as a co-routine */
2911       unsigned isRecursive :1;   /* True for recursive reference in WITH */
2912       unsigned fromDDL :1;       /* Comes from sqlite_schema */
2913     } fg;
2914     int iCursor;      /* The VDBE cursor number used to access this table */
2915     Expr *pOn;        /* The ON clause of a join */
2916     IdList *pUsing;   /* The USING clause of a join */
2917     Bitmask colUsed;  /* Bit N (1<<N) set if column N of pTab is used */
2918     union {
2919       char *zIndexedBy;    /* Identifier from "INDEXED BY <zIndex>" clause */
2920       ExprList *pFuncArg;  /* Arguments to table-valued-function */
2921     } u1;
2922     Index *pIBIndex;  /* Index structure corresponding to u1.zIndexedBy */
2923   } a[1];             /* One entry for each identifier on the list */
2924 };
2925 
2926 /*
2927 ** Permitted values of the SrcList.a.jointype field
2928 */
2929 #define JT_INNER     0x0001    /* Any kind of inner or cross join */
2930 #define JT_CROSS     0x0002    /* Explicit use of the CROSS keyword */
2931 #define JT_NATURAL   0x0004    /* True for a "natural" join */
2932 #define JT_LEFT      0x0008    /* Left outer join */
2933 #define JT_RIGHT     0x0010    /* Right outer join */
2934 #define JT_OUTER     0x0020    /* The "OUTER" keyword is present */
2935 #define JT_ERROR     0x0040    /* unknown or unsupported join type */
2936 
2937 
2938 /*
2939 ** Flags appropriate for the wctrlFlags parameter of sqlite3WhereBegin()
2940 ** and the WhereInfo.wctrlFlags member.
2941 **
2942 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
2943 **     WHERE_USE_LIMIT  == SF_FixedLimit
2944 */
2945 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_NORMAL   0x0000 /* No-op */
2946 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN      0x0001 /* ORDER BY processing for min() func */
2947 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_MAX      0x0002 /* ORDER BY processing for max() func */
2948 #define WHERE_ONEPASS_DESIRED  0x0004 /* Want to do one-pass UPDATE/DELETE */
2949 #define WHERE_ONEPASS_MULTIROW 0x0008 /* ONEPASS is ok with multiple rows */
2950 #define WHERE_DUPLICATES_OK    0x0010 /* Ok to return a row more than once */
2951 #define WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE     0x0020 /* Processing a sub-WHERE as part of
2952                                       ** the OR optimization  */
2953 #define WHERE_GROUPBY          0x0040 /* pOrderBy is really a GROUP BY */
2954 #define WHERE_DISTINCTBY       0x0080 /* pOrderby is really a DISTINCT clause */
2955 #define WHERE_WANT_DISTINCT    0x0100 /* All output needs to be distinct */
2956 #define WHERE_SORTBYGROUP      0x0200 /* Support sqlite3WhereIsSorted() */
2957                         /*     0x0400    not currently used */
2958 #define WHERE_ORDERBY_LIMIT    0x0800 /* ORDERBY+LIMIT on the inner loop */
2959                         /*     0x1000    not currently used */
2960                         /*     0x2000    not currently used */
2961 #define WHERE_USE_LIMIT        0x4000 /* Use the LIMIT in cost estimates */
2962                         /*     0x8000    not currently used */
2963 
2964 /* Allowed return values from sqlite3WhereIsDistinct()
2965 */
2966 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_NOOP      0  /* DISTINCT keyword not used */
2967 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_UNIQUE    1  /* No duplicates */
2968 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_ORDERED   2  /* All duplicates are adjacent */
2969 #define WHERE_DISTINCT_UNORDERED 3  /* Duplicates are scattered */
2970 
2971 /*
2972 ** A NameContext defines a context in which to resolve table and column
2973 ** names.  The context consists of a list of tables (the pSrcList) field and
2974 ** a list of named expression (pEList).  The named expression list may
2975 ** be NULL.  The pSrc corresponds to the FROM clause of a SELECT or
2976 ** to the table being operated on by INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE.  The
2977 ** pEList corresponds to the result set of a SELECT and is NULL for
2978 ** other statements.
2979 **
2980 ** NameContexts can be nested.  When resolving names, the inner-most
2981 ** context is searched first.  If no match is found, the next outer
2982 ** context is checked.  If there is still no match, the next context
2983 ** is checked.  This process continues until either a match is found
2984 ** or all contexts are check.  When a match is found, the nRef member of
2985 ** the context containing the match is incremented.
2986 **
2987 ** Each subquery gets a new NameContext.  The pNext field points to the
2988 ** NameContext in the parent query.  Thus the process of scanning the
2989 ** NameContext list corresponds to searching through successively outer
2990 ** subqueries looking for a match.
2991 */
2992 struct NameContext {
2993   Parse *pParse;       /* The parser */
2994   SrcList *pSrcList;   /* One or more tables used to resolve names */
2995   union {
2996     ExprList *pEList;    /* Optional list of result-set columns */
2997     AggInfo *pAggInfo;   /* Information about aggregates at this level */
2998     Upsert *pUpsert;     /* ON CONFLICT clause information from an upsert */
2999   } uNC;
3000   NameContext *pNext;  /* Next outer name context.  NULL for outermost */
3001   int nRef;            /* Number of names resolved by this context */
3002   int nErr;            /* Number of errors encountered while resolving names */
3003   int ncFlags;         /* Zero or more NC_* flags defined below */
3004   Select *pWinSelect;  /* SELECT statement for any window functions */
3005 };
3006 
3007 /*
3008 ** Allowed values for the NameContext, ncFlags field.
3009 **
3010 ** Value constraints (all checked via assert()):
3011 **    NC_HasAgg    == SF_HasAgg    == EP_Agg
3012 **    NC_MinMaxAgg == SF_MinMaxAgg == SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX
3013 **    NC_HasWin    == EP_Win
3014 **
3015 */
3016 #define NC_AllowAgg  0x00001  /* Aggregate functions are allowed here */
3017 #define NC_PartIdx   0x00002  /* True if resolving a partial index WHERE */
3018 #define NC_IsCheck   0x00004  /* True if resolving a CHECK constraint */
3019 #define NC_GenCol    0x00008  /* True for a GENERATED ALWAYS AS clause */
3020 #define NC_HasAgg    0x00010  /* One or more aggregate functions seen */
3021 #define NC_IdxExpr   0x00020  /* True if resolving columns of CREATE INDEX */
3022 #define NC_SelfRef   0x0002e  /* Combo: PartIdx, isCheck, GenCol, and IdxExpr */
3023 #define NC_VarSelect 0x00040  /* A correlated subquery has been seen */
3024 #define NC_UEList    0x00080  /* True if uNC.pEList is used */
3025 #define NC_UAggInfo  0x00100  /* True if uNC.pAggInfo is used */
3026 #define NC_UUpsert   0x00200  /* True if uNC.pUpsert is used */
3027 #define NC_MinMaxAgg 0x01000  /* min/max aggregates seen.  See note above */
3028 #define NC_Complex   0x02000  /* True if a function or subquery seen */
3029 #define NC_AllowWin  0x04000  /* Window functions are allowed here */
3030 #define NC_HasWin    0x08000  /* One or more window functions seen */
3031 #define NC_IsDDL     0x10000  /* Resolving names in a CREATE statement */
3032 #define NC_InAggFunc 0x20000  /* True if analyzing arguments to an agg func */
3033 #define NC_FromDDL   0x40000  /* SQL text comes from sqlite_schema */
3034 
3035 /*
3036 ** An instance of the following object describes a single ON CONFLICT
3037 ** clause in an upsert.
3038 **
3039 ** The pUpsertTarget field is only set if the ON CONFLICT clause includes
3040 ** conflict-target clause.  (In "ON CONFLICT(a,b)" the "(a,b)" is the
3041 ** conflict-target clause.)  The pUpsertTargetWhere is the optional
3042 ** WHERE clause used to identify partial unique indexes.
3043 **
3044 ** pUpsertSet is the list of column=expr terms of the UPDATE statement.
3045 ** The pUpsertSet field is NULL for a ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING.  The
3046 ** pUpsertWhere is the WHERE clause for the UPDATE and is NULL if the
3047 ** WHERE clause is omitted.
3048 */
3049 struct Upsert {
3050   ExprList *pUpsertTarget;  /* Optional description of conflicting index */
3051   Expr *pUpsertTargetWhere; /* WHERE clause for partial index targets */
3052   ExprList *pUpsertSet;     /* The SET clause from an ON CONFLICT UPDATE */
3053   Expr *pUpsertWhere;       /* WHERE clause for the ON CONFLICT UPDATE */
3054   /* The fields above comprise the parse tree for the upsert clause.
3055   ** The fields below are used to transfer information from the INSERT
3056   ** processing down into the UPDATE processing while generating code.
3057   ** Upsert owns the memory allocated above, but not the memory below. */
3058   Index *pUpsertIdx;        /* Constraint that pUpsertTarget identifies */
3059   SrcList *pUpsertSrc;      /* Table to be updated */
3060   int regData;              /* First register holding array of VALUES */
3061   int iDataCur;             /* Index of the data cursor */
3062   int iIdxCur;              /* Index of the first index cursor */
3063 };
3064 
3065 /*
3066 ** An instance of the following structure contains all information
3067 ** needed to generate code for a single SELECT statement.
3068 **
3069 ** See the header comment on the computeLimitRegisters() routine for a
3070 ** detailed description of the meaning of the iLimit and iOffset fields.
3071 **
3072 ** addrOpenEphm[] entries contain the address of OP_OpenEphemeral opcodes.
3073 ** These addresses must be stored so that we can go back and fill in
3074 ** the P4_KEYINFO and P2 parameters later.  Neither the KeyInfo nor
3075 ** the number of columns in P2 can be computed at the same time
3076 ** as the OP_OpenEphm instruction is coded because not
3077 ** enough information about the compound query is known at that point.
3078 ** The KeyInfo for addrOpenTran[0] and [1] contains collating sequences
3079 ** for the result set.  The KeyInfo for addrOpenEphm[2] contains collating
3080 ** sequences for the ORDER BY clause.
3081 */
3082 struct Select {
3083   u8 op;                 /* One of: TK_UNION TK_ALL TK_INTERSECT TK_EXCEPT */
3084   LogEst nSelectRow;     /* Estimated number of result rows */
3085   u32 selFlags;          /* Various SF_* values */
3086   int iLimit, iOffset;   /* Memory registers holding LIMIT & OFFSET counters */
3087   u32 selId;             /* Unique identifier number for this SELECT */
3088   int addrOpenEphm[2];   /* OP_OpenEphem opcodes related to this select */
3089   ExprList *pEList;      /* The fields of the result */
3090   SrcList *pSrc;         /* The FROM clause */
3091   Expr *pWhere;          /* The WHERE clause */
3092   ExprList *pGroupBy;    /* The GROUP BY clause */
3093   Expr *pHaving;         /* The HAVING clause */
3094   ExprList *pOrderBy;    /* The ORDER BY clause */
3095   Select *pPrior;        /* Prior select in a compound select statement */
3096   Select *pNext;         /* Next select to the left in a compound */
3097   Expr *pLimit;          /* LIMIT expression. NULL means not used. */
3098   With *pWith;           /* WITH clause attached to this select. Or NULL. */
3099 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
3100   Window *pWin;          /* List of window functions */
3101   Window *pWinDefn;      /* List of named window definitions */
3102 #endif
3103 };
3104 
3105 /*
3106 ** Allowed values for Select.selFlags.  The "SF" prefix stands for
3107 ** "Select Flag".
3108 **
3109 ** Value constraints (all checked via assert())
3110 **     SF_HasAgg     == NC_HasAgg
3111 **     SF_MinMaxAgg  == NC_MinMaxAgg     == SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX
3112 **     SF_FixedLimit == WHERE_USE_LIMIT
3113 */
3114 #define SF_Distinct      0x0000001 /* Output should be DISTINCT */
3115 #define SF_All           0x0000002 /* Includes the ALL keyword */
3116 #define SF_Resolved      0x0000004 /* Identifiers have been resolved */
3117 #define SF_Aggregate     0x0000008 /* Contains agg functions or a GROUP BY */
3118 #define SF_HasAgg        0x0000010 /* Contains aggregate functions */
3119 #define SF_UsesEphemeral 0x0000020 /* Uses the OpenEphemeral opcode */
3120 #define SF_Expanded      0x0000040 /* sqlite3SelectExpand() called on this */
3121 #define SF_HasTypeInfo   0x0000080 /* FROM subqueries have Table metadata */
3122 #define SF_Compound      0x0000100 /* Part of a compound query */
3123 #define SF_Values        0x0000200 /* Synthesized from VALUES clause */
3124 #define SF_MultiValue    0x0000400 /* Single VALUES term with multiple rows */
3125 #define SF_NestedFrom    0x0000800 /* Part of a parenthesized FROM clause */
3126 #define SF_MinMaxAgg     0x0001000 /* Aggregate containing min() or max() */
3127 #define SF_Recursive     0x0002000 /* The recursive part of a recursive CTE */
3128 #define SF_FixedLimit    0x0004000 /* nSelectRow set by a constant LIMIT */
3129 #define SF_MaybeConvert  0x0008000 /* Need convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
3130 #define SF_Converted     0x0010000 /* By convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
3131 #define SF_IncludeHidden 0x0020000 /* Include hidden columns in output */
3132 #define SF_ComplexResult 0x0040000 /* Result contains subquery or function */
3133 #define SF_WhereBegin    0x0080000 /* Really a WhereBegin() call.  Debug Only */
3134 #define SF_WinRewrite    0x0100000 /* Window function rewrite accomplished */
3135 #define SF_View          0x0200000 /* SELECT statement is a view */
3136 #define SF_NoopOrderBy   0x0400000 /* ORDER BY is ignored for this query */
3137 #define SF_UpdateFrom    0x0800000 /* Statement is an UPDATE...FROM */
3138 
3139 /*
3140 ** The results of a SELECT can be distributed in several ways, as defined
3141 ** by one of the following macros.  The "SRT" prefix means "SELECT Result
3142 ** Type".
3143 **
3144 **     SRT_Union       Store results as a key in a temporary index
3145 **                     identified by pDest->iSDParm.
3146 **
3147 **     SRT_Except      Remove results from the temporary index pDest->iSDParm.
3148 **
3149 **     SRT_Exists      Store a 1 in memory cell pDest->iSDParm if the result
3150 **                     set is not empty.
3151 **
3152 **     SRT_Discard     Throw the results away.  This is used by SELECT
3153 **                     statements within triggers whose only purpose is
3154 **                     the side-effects of functions.
3155 **
3156 **     SRT_Output      Generate a row of output (using the OP_ResultRow
3157 **                     opcode) for each row in the result set.
3158 **
3159 **     SRT_Mem         Only valid if the result is a single column.
3160 **                     Store the first column of the first result row
3161 **                     in register pDest->iSDParm then abandon the rest
3162 **                     of the query.  This destination implies "LIMIT 1".
3163 **
3164 **     SRT_Set         The result must be a single column.  Store each
3165 **                     row of result as the key in table pDest->iSDParm.
3166 **                     Apply the affinity pDest->affSdst before storing
3167 **                     results.  Used to implement "IN (SELECT ...)".
3168 **
3169 **     SRT_EphemTab    Create an temporary table pDest->iSDParm and store
3170 **                     the result there. The cursor is left open after
3171 **                     returning.  This is like SRT_Table except that
3172 **                     this destination uses OP_OpenEphemeral to create
3173 **                     the table first.
3174 **
3175 **     SRT_Coroutine   Generate a co-routine that returns a new row of
3176 **                     results each time it is invoked.  The entry point
3177 **                     of the co-routine is stored in register pDest->iSDParm
3178 **                     and the result row is stored in pDest->nDest registers
3179 **                     starting with pDest->iSdst.
3180 **
3181 **     SRT_Table       Store results in temporary table pDest->iSDParm.
3182 **     SRT_Fifo        This is like SRT_EphemTab except that the table
3183 **                     is assumed to already be open.  SRT_Fifo has
3184 **                     the additional property of being able to ignore
3185 **                     the ORDER BY clause.
3186 **
3187 **     SRT_DistFifo    Store results in a temporary table pDest->iSDParm.
3188 **                     But also use temporary table pDest->iSDParm+1 as
3189 **                     a record of all prior results and ignore any duplicate
3190 **                     rows.  Name means:  "Distinct Fifo".
3191 **
3192 **     SRT_Queue       Store results in priority queue pDest->iSDParm (really
3193 **                     an index).  Append a sequence number so that all entries
3194 **                     are distinct.
3195 **
3196 **     SRT_DistQueue   Store results in priority queue pDest->iSDParm only if
3197 **                     the same record has never been stored before.  The
3198 **                     index at pDest->iSDParm+1 hold all prior stores.
3199 **
3200 **     SRT_Upfrom      Store results in the temporary table already opened by
3201 **                     pDest->iSDParm. If (pDest->iSDParm<0), then the temp
3202 **                     table is an intkey table - in this case the first
3203 **                     column returned by the SELECT is used as the integer
3204 **                     key. If (pDest->iSDParm>0), then the table is an index
3205 **                     table. (pDest->iSDParm) is the number of key columns in
3206 **                     each index record in this case.
3207 */
3208 #define SRT_Union        1  /* Store result as keys in an index */
3209 #define SRT_Except       2  /* Remove result from a UNION index */
3210 #define SRT_Exists       3  /* Store 1 if the result is not empty */
3211 #define SRT_Discard      4  /* Do not save the results anywhere */
3212 #define SRT_DistFifo     5  /* Like SRT_Fifo, but unique results only */
3213 #define SRT_DistQueue    6  /* Like SRT_Queue, but unique results only */
3214 
3215 /* The DISTINCT clause is ignored for all of the above.  Not that
3216 ** IgnorableDistinct() implies IgnorableOrderby() */
3217 #define IgnorableDistinct(X) ((X->eDest)<=SRT_DistQueue)
3218 
3219 #define SRT_Queue        7  /* Store result in an queue */
3220 #define SRT_Fifo         8  /* Store result as data with an automatic rowid */
3221 
3222 /* The ORDER BY clause is ignored for all of the above */
3223 #define IgnorableOrderby(X) ((X->eDest)<=SRT_Fifo)
3224 
3225 #define SRT_Output       9  /* Output each row of result */
3226 #define SRT_Mem         10  /* Store result in a memory cell */
3227 #define SRT_Set         11  /* Store results as keys in an index */
3228 #define SRT_EphemTab    12  /* Create transient tab and store like SRT_Table */
3229 #define SRT_Coroutine   13  /* Generate a single row of result */
3230 #define SRT_Table       14  /* Store result as data with an automatic rowid */
3231 #define SRT_Upfrom      15  /* Store result as data with rowid */
3232 
3233 /*
3234 ** An instance of this object describes where to put of the results of
3235 ** a SELECT statement.
3236 */
3237 struct SelectDest {
3238   u8 eDest;            /* How to dispose of the results.  One of SRT_* above. */
3239   int iSDParm;         /* A parameter used by the eDest disposal method */
3240   int iSDParm2;        /* A second parameter for the eDest disposal method */
3241   int iSdst;           /* Base register where results are written */
3242   int nSdst;           /* Number of registers allocated */
3243   char *zAffSdst;      /* Affinity used when eDest==SRT_Set */
3244   ExprList *pOrderBy;  /* Key columns for SRT_Queue and SRT_DistQueue */
3245 };
3246 
3247 /*
3248 ** During code generation of statements that do inserts into AUTOINCREMENT
3249 ** tables, the following information is attached to the Table.u.autoInc.p
3250 ** pointer of each autoincrement table to record some side information that
3251 ** the code generator needs.  We have to keep per-table autoincrement
3252 ** information in case inserts are done within triggers.  Triggers do not
3253 ** normally coordinate their activities, but we do need to coordinate the
3254 ** loading and saving of autoincrement information.
3255 */
3256 struct AutoincInfo {
3257   AutoincInfo *pNext;   /* Next info block in a list of them all */
3258   Table *pTab;          /* Table this info block refers to */
3259   int iDb;              /* Index in sqlite3.aDb[] of database holding pTab */
3260   int regCtr;           /* Memory register holding the rowid counter */
3261 };
3262 
3263 /*
3264 ** At least one instance of the following structure is created for each
3265 ** trigger that may be fired while parsing an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
3266 ** statement. All such objects are stored in the linked list headed at
3267 ** Parse.pTriggerPrg and deleted once statement compilation has been
3268 ** completed.
3269 **
3270 ** A Vdbe sub-program that implements the body and WHEN clause of trigger
3271 ** TriggerPrg.pTrigger, assuming a default ON CONFLICT clause of
3272 ** TriggerPrg.orconf, is stored in the TriggerPrg.pProgram variable.
3273 ** The Parse.pTriggerPrg list never contains two entries with the same
3274 ** values for both pTrigger and orconf.
3275 **
3276 ** The TriggerPrg.aColmask[0] variable is set to a mask of old.* columns
3277 ** accessed (or set to 0 for triggers fired as a result of INSERT
3278 ** statements). Similarly, the TriggerPrg.aColmask[1] variable is set to
3279 ** a mask of new.* columns used by the program.
3280 */
3281 struct TriggerPrg {
3282   Trigger *pTrigger;      /* Trigger this program was coded from */
3283   TriggerPrg *pNext;      /* Next entry in Parse.pTriggerPrg list */
3284   SubProgram *pProgram;   /* Program implementing pTrigger/orconf */
3285   int orconf;             /* Default ON CONFLICT policy */
3286   u32 aColmask[2];        /* Masks of old.*, new.* columns accessed */
3287 };
3288 
3289 /*
3290 ** The yDbMask datatype for the bitmask of all attached databases.
3291 */
3292 #if SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED>30
3293   typedef unsigned char yDbMask[(SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED+9)/8];
3294 # define DbMaskTest(M,I)    (((M)[(I)/8]&(1<<((I)&7)))!=0)
3295 # define DbMaskZero(M)      memset((M),0,sizeof(M))
3296 # define DbMaskSet(M,I)     (M)[(I)/8]|=(1<<((I)&7))
3297 # define DbMaskAllZero(M)   sqlite3DbMaskAllZero(M)
3298 # define DbMaskNonZero(M)   (sqlite3DbMaskAllZero(M)==0)
3299 #else
3300   typedef unsigned int yDbMask;
3301 # define DbMaskTest(M,I)    (((M)&(((yDbMask)1)<<(I)))!=0)
3302 # define DbMaskZero(M)      (M)=0
3303 # define DbMaskSet(M,I)     (M)|=(((yDbMask)1)<<(I))
3304 # define DbMaskAllZero(M)   (M)==0
3305 # define DbMaskNonZero(M)   (M)!=0
3306 #endif
3307 
3308 /*
3309 ** An SQL parser context.  A copy of this structure is passed through
3310 ** the parser and down into all the parser action routine in order to
3311 ** carry around information that is global to the entire parse.
3312 **
3313 ** The structure is divided into two parts.  When the parser and code
3314 ** generate call themselves recursively, the first part of the structure
3315 ** is constant but the second part is reset at the beginning and end of
3316 ** each recursion.
3317 **
3318 ** The nTableLock and aTableLock variables are only used if the shared-cache
3319 ** feature is enabled (if sqlite3Tsd()->useSharedData is true). They are
3320 ** used to store the set of table-locks required by the statement being
3321 ** compiled. Function sqlite3TableLock() is used to add entries to the
3322 ** list.
3323 */
3324 struct Parse {
3325   sqlite3 *db;         /* The main database structure */
3326   char *zErrMsg;       /* An error message */
3327   Vdbe *pVdbe;         /* An engine for executing database bytecode */
3328   int rc;              /* Return code from execution */
3329   u8 colNamesSet;      /* TRUE after OP_ColumnName has been issued to pVdbe */
3330   u8 checkSchema;      /* Causes schema cookie check after an error */
3331   u8 nested;           /* Number of nested calls to the parser/code generator */
3332   u8 nTempReg;         /* Number of temporary registers in aTempReg[] */
3333   u8 isMultiWrite;     /* True if statement may modify/insert multiple rows */
3334   u8 mayAbort;         /* True if statement may throw an ABORT exception */
3335   u8 hasCompound;      /* Need to invoke convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
3336   u8 okConstFactor;    /* OK to factor out constants */
3337   u8 disableLookaside; /* Number of times lookaside has been disabled */
3338   u8 disableVtab;      /* Disable all virtual tables for this parse */
3339   int nRangeReg;       /* Size of the temporary register block */
3340   int iRangeReg;       /* First register in temporary register block */
3341   int nErr;            /* Number of errors seen */
3342   int nTab;            /* Number of previously allocated VDBE cursors */
3343   int nMem;            /* Number of memory cells used so far */
3344   int szOpAlloc;       /* Bytes of memory space allocated for Vdbe.aOp[] */
3345   int iSelfTab;        /* Table associated with an index on expr, or negative
3346                        ** of the base register during check-constraint eval */
3347   int nLabel;          /* The *negative* of the number of labels used */
3348   int nLabelAlloc;     /* Number of slots in aLabel */
3349   int *aLabel;         /* Space to hold the labels */
3350   ExprList *pConstExpr;/* Constant expressions */
3351   Token constraintName;/* Name of the constraint currently being parsed */
3352   yDbMask writeMask;   /* Start a write transaction on these databases */
3353   yDbMask cookieMask;  /* Bitmask of schema verified databases */
3354   int regRowid;        /* Register holding rowid of CREATE TABLE entry */
3355   int regRoot;         /* Register holding root page number for new objects */
3356   int nMaxArg;         /* Max args passed to user function by sub-program */
3357   int nSelect;         /* Number of SELECT stmts. Counter for Select.selId */
3358 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
3359   int nTableLock;        /* Number of locks in aTableLock */
3360   TableLock *aTableLock; /* Required table locks for shared-cache mode */
3361 #endif
3362   AutoincInfo *pAinc;  /* Information about AUTOINCREMENT counters */
3363   Parse *pToplevel;    /* Parse structure for main program (or NULL) */
3364   Table *pTriggerTab;  /* Table triggers are being coded for */
3365   Parse *pParentParse; /* Parent parser if this parser is nested */
3366   AggInfo *pAggList;   /* List of all AggInfo objects */
3367   int addrCrTab;       /* Address of OP_CreateBtree opcode on CREATE TABLE */
3368   u32 nQueryLoop;      /* Est number of iterations of a query (10*log2(N)) */
3369   u32 oldmask;         /* Mask of old.* columns referenced */
3370   u32 newmask;         /* Mask of new.* columns referenced */
3371   u8 eTriggerOp;       /* TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT or TK_DELETE */
3372   u8 eOrconf;          /* Default ON CONFLICT policy for trigger steps */
3373   u8 disableTriggers;  /* True to disable triggers */
3374 
3375   /**************************************************************************
3376   ** Fields above must be initialized to zero.  The fields that follow,
3377   ** down to the beginning of the recursive section, do not need to be
3378   ** initialized as they will be set before being used.  The boundary is
3379   ** determined by offsetof(Parse,aTempReg).
3380   **************************************************************************/
3381 
3382   int aTempReg[8];        /* Holding area for temporary registers */
3383   Token sNameToken;       /* Token with unqualified schema object name */
3384 
3385   /************************************************************************
3386   ** Above is constant between recursions.  Below is reset before and after
3387   ** each recursion.  The boundary between these two regions is determined
3388   ** using offsetof(Parse,sLastToken) so the sLastToken field must be the
3389   ** first field in the recursive region.
3390   ************************************************************************/
3391 
3392   Token sLastToken;       /* The last token parsed */
3393   ynVar nVar;               /* Number of '?' variables seen in the SQL so far */
3394   u8 iPkSortOrder;          /* ASC or DESC for INTEGER PRIMARY KEY */
3395   u8 explain;               /* True if the EXPLAIN flag is found on the query */
3396   u8 eParseMode;            /* PARSE_MODE_XXX constant */
3397 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
3398   int nVtabLock;            /* Number of virtual tables to lock */
3399 #endif
3400   int nHeight;              /* Expression tree height of current sub-select */
3401 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
3402   int addrExplain;          /* Address of current OP_Explain opcode */
3403 #endif
3404   VList *pVList;            /* Mapping between variable names and numbers */
3405   Vdbe *pReprepare;         /* VM being reprepared (sqlite3Reprepare()) */
3406   const char *zTail;        /* All SQL text past the last semicolon parsed */
3407   Table *pNewTable;         /* A table being constructed by CREATE TABLE */
3408   Index *pNewIndex;         /* An index being constructed by CREATE INDEX.
3409                             ** Also used to hold redundant UNIQUE constraints
3410                             ** during a RENAME COLUMN */
3411   Trigger *pNewTrigger;     /* Trigger under construct by a CREATE TRIGGER */
3412   const char *zAuthContext; /* The 6th parameter to db->xAuth callbacks */
3413 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
3414   Token sArg;               /* Complete text of a module argument */
3415   Table **apVtabLock;       /* Pointer to virtual tables needing locking */
3416 #endif
3417   Table *pZombieTab;        /* List of Table objects to delete after code gen */
3418   TriggerPrg *pTriggerPrg;  /* Linked list of coded triggers */
3419   With *pWith;              /* Current WITH clause, or NULL */
3420   With *pWithToFree;        /* Free this WITH object at the end of the parse */
3421 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
3422   RenameToken *pRename;     /* Tokens subject to renaming by ALTER TABLE */
3423 #endif
3424 };
3425 
3426 #define PARSE_MODE_NORMAL        0
3427 #define PARSE_MODE_DECLARE_VTAB  1
3428 #define PARSE_MODE_RENAME        2
3429 #define PARSE_MODE_UNMAP         3
3430 
3431 /*
3432 ** Sizes and pointers of various parts of the Parse object.
3433 */
3434 #define PARSE_HDR_SZ offsetof(Parse,aTempReg) /* Recursive part w/o aColCache*/
3435 #define PARSE_RECURSE_SZ offsetof(Parse,sLastToken)    /* Recursive part */
3436 #define PARSE_TAIL_SZ (sizeof(Parse)-PARSE_RECURSE_SZ) /* Non-recursive part */
3437 #define PARSE_TAIL(X) (((char*)(X))+PARSE_RECURSE_SZ)  /* Pointer to tail */
3438 
3439 /*
3440 ** Return true if currently inside an sqlite3_declare_vtab() call.
3441 */
3442 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
3443   #define IN_DECLARE_VTAB 0
3444 #else
3445   #define IN_DECLARE_VTAB (pParse->eParseMode==PARSE_MODE_DECLARE_VTAB)
3446 #endif
3447 
3448 #if defined(SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE)
3449   #define IN_RENAME_OBJECT 0
3450 #else
3451   #define IN_RENAME_OBJECT (pParse->eParseMode>=PARSE_MODE_RENAME)
3452 #endif
3453 
3454 #if defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE)
3455   #define IN_SPECIAL_PARSE 0
3456 #else
3457   #define IN_SPECIAL_PARSE (pParse->eParseMode!=PARSE_MODE_NORMAL)
3458 #endif
3459 
3460 /*
3461 ** An instance of the following structure can be declared on a stack and used
3462 ** to save the Parse.zAuthContext value so that it can be restored later.
3463 */
3464 struct AuthContext {
3465   const char *zAuthContext;   /* Put saved Parse.zAuthContext here */
3466   Parse *pParse;              /* The Parse structure */
3467 };
3468 
3469 /*
3470 ** Bitfield flags for P5 value in various opcodes.
3471 **
3472 ** Value constraints (enforced via assert()):
3473 **    OPFLAG_LENGTHARG    == SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH
3474 **    OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG    == SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF
3475 **    OPFLAG_BULKCSR      == BTREE_BULKLOAD
3476 **    OPFLAG_SEEKEQ       == BTREE_SEEK_EQ
3477 **    OPFLAG_FORDELETE    == BTREE_FORDELETE
3478 **    OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION == BTREE_SAVEPOSITION
3479 **    OPFLAG_AUXDELETE    == BTREE_AUXDELETE
3480 */
3481 #define OPFLAG_NCHANGE       0x01    /* OP_Insert: Set to update db->nChange */
3482                                      /* Also used in P2 (not P5) of OP_Delete */
3483 #define OPFLAG_NOCHNG        0x01    /* OP_VColumn nochange for UPDATE */
3484 #define OPFLAG_EPHEM         0x01    /* OP_Column: Ephemeral output is ok */
3485 #define OPFLAG_LASTROWID     0x20    /* Set to update db->lastRowid */
3486 #define OPFLAG_ISUPDATE      0x04    /* This OP_Insert is an sql UPDATE */
3487 #define OPFLAG_APPEND        0x08    /* This is likely to be an append */
3488 #define OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT 0x10    /* Try to avoid a seek in BtreeInsert() */
3489 #define OPFLAG_ISNOOP        0x40    /* OP_Delete does pre-update-hook only */
3490 #define OPFLAG_LENGTHARG     0x40    /* OP_Column only used for length() */
3491 #define OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG     0x80    /* OP_Column only used for typeof() */
3492 #define OPFLAG_BULKCSR       0x01    /* OP_Open** used to open bulk cursor */
3493 #define OPFLAG_SEEKEQ        0x02    /* OP_Open** cursor uses EQ seek only */
3494 #define OPFLAG_FORDELETE     0x08    /* OP_Open should use BTREE_FORDELETE */
3495 #define OPFLAG_P2ISREG       0x10    /* P2 to OP_Open** is a register number */
3496 #define OPFLAG_PERMUTE       0x01    /* OP_Compare: use the permutation */
3497 #define OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION  0x02    /* OP_Delete/Insert: save cursor pos */
3498 #define OPFLAG_AUXDELETE     0x04    /* OP_Delete: index in a DELETE op */
3499 #define OPFLAG_NOCHNG_MAGIC  0x6d    /* OP_MakeRecord: serialtype 10 is ok */
3500 
3501 /*
3502  * Each trigger present in the database schema is stored as an instance of
3503  * struct Trigger.
3504  *
3505  * Pointers to instances of struct Trigger are stored in two ways.
3506  * 1. In the "trigHash" hash table (part of the sqlite3* that represents the
3507  *    database). This allows Trigger structures to be retrieved by name.
3508  * 2. All triggers associated with a single table form a linked list, using the
3509  *    pNext member of struct Trigger. A pointer to the first element of the
3510  *    linked list is stored as the "pTrigger" member of the associated
3511  *    struct Table.
3512  *
3513  * The "step_list" member points to the first element of a linked list
3514  * containing the SQL statements specified as the trigger program.
3515  */
3516 struct Trigger {
3517   char *zName;            /* The name of the trigger                        */
3518   char *table;            /* The table or view to which the trigger applies */
3519   u8 op;                  /* One of TK_DELETE, TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT         */
3520   u8 tr_tm;               /* One of TRIGGER_BEFORE, TRIGGER_AFTER */
3521   Expr *pWhen;            /* The WHEN clause of the expression (may be NULL) */
3522   IdList *pColumns;       /* If this is an UPDATE OF <column-list> trigger,
3523                              the <column-list> is stored here */
3524   Schema *pSchema;        /* Schema containing the trigger */
3525   Schema *pTabSchema;     /* Schema containing the table */
3526   TriggerStep *step_list; /* Link list of trigger program steps             */
3527   Trigger *pNext;         /* Next trigger associated with the table */
3528 };
3529 
3530 /*
3531 ** A trigger is either a BEFORE or an AFTER trigger.  The following constants
3532 ** determine which.
3533 **
3534 ** If there are multiple triggers, you might of some BEFORE and some AFTER.
3535 ** In that cases, the constants below can be ORed together.
3536 */
3537 #define TRIGGER_BEFORE  1
3538 #define TRIGGER_AFTER   2
3539 
3540 /*
3541  * An instance of struct TriggerStep is used to store a single SQL statement
3542  * that is a part of a trigger-program.
3543  *
3544  * Instances of struct TriggerStep are stored in a singly linked list (linked
3545  * using the "pNext" member) referenced by the "step_list" member of the
3546  * associated struct Trigger instance. The first element of the linked list is
3547  * the first step of the trigger-program.
3548  *
3549  * The "op" member indicates whether this is a "DELETE", "INSERT", "UPDATE" or
3550  * "SELECT" statement. The meanings of the other members is determined by the
3551  * value of "op" as follows:
3552  *
3553  * (op == TK_INSERT)
3554  * orconf    -> stores the ON CONFLICT algorithm
3555  * pSelect   -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... SELECT ... statement, then
3556  *              this stores a pointer to the SELECT statement. Otherwise NULL.
3557  * zTarget   -> Dequoted name of the table to insert into.
3558  * pExprList -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... VALUES ... statement, then
3559  *              this stores values to be inserted. Otherwise NULL.
3560  * pIdList   -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... (<column-names>) VALUES ...
3561  *              statement, then this stores the column-names to be
3562  *              inserted into.
3563  *
3564  * (op == TK_DELETE)
3565  * zTarget   -> Dequoted name of the table to delete from.
3566  * pWhere    -> The WHERE clause of the DELETE statement if one is specified.
3567  *              Otherwise NULL.
3568  *
3569  * (op == TK_UPDATE)
3570  * zTarget   -> Dequoted name of the table to update.
3571  * pWhere    -> The WHERE clause of the UPDATE statement if one is specified.
3572  *              Otherwise NULL.
3573  * pExprList -> A list of the columns to update and the expressions to update
3574  *              them to. See sqlite3Update() documentation of "pChanges"
3575  *              argument.
3576  *
3577  */
3578 struct TriggerStep {
3579   u8 op;               /* One of TK_DELETE, TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT, TK_SELECT */
3580   u8 orconf;           /* OE_Rollback etc. */
3581   Trigger *pTrig;      /* The trigger that this step is a part of */
3582   Select *pSelect;     /* SELECT statement or RHS of INSERT INTO SELECT ... */
3583   char *zTarget;       /* Target table for DELETE, UPDATE, INSERT */
3584   SrcList *pFrom;      /* FROM clause for UPDATE statement (if any) */
3585   Expr *pWhere;        /* The WHERE clause for DELETE or UPDATE steps */
3586   ExprList *pExprList; /* SET clause for UPDATE */
3587   IdList *pIdList;     /* Column names for INSERT */
3588   Upsert *pUpsert;     /* Upsert clauses on an INSERT */
3589   char *zSpan;         /* Original SQL text of this command */
3590   TriggerStep *pNext;  /* Next in the link-list */
3591   TriggerStep *pLast;  /* Last element in link-list. Valid for 1st elem only */
3592 };
3593 
3594 /*
3595 ** The following structure contains information used by the sqliteFix...
3596 ** routines as they walk the parse tree to make database references
3597 ** explicit.
3598 */
3599 typedef struct DbFixer DbFixer;
3600 struct DbFixer {
3601   Parse *pParse;      /* The parsing context.  Error messages written here */
3602   Schema *pSchema;    /* Fix items to this schema */
3603   u8 bTemp;           /* True for TEMP schema entries */
3604   const char *zDb;    /* Make sure all objects are contained in this database */
3605   const char *zType;  /* Type of the container - used for error messages */
3606   const Token *pName; /* Name of the container - used for error messages */
3607 };
3608 
3609 /*
3610 ** An objected used to accumulate the text of a string where we
3611 ** do not necessarily know how big the string will be in the end.
3612 */
3613 struct sqlite3_str {
3614   sqlite3 *db;         /* Optional database for lookaside.  Can be NULL */
3615   char *zText;         /* The string collected so far */
3616   u32  nAlloc;         /* Amount of space allocated in zText */
3617   u32  mxAlloc;        /* Maximum allowed allocation.  0 for no malloc usage */
3618   u32  nChar;          /* Length of the string so far */
3619   u8   accError;       /* SQLITE_NOMEM or SQLITE_TOOBIG */
3620   u8   printfFlags;    /* SQLITE_PRINTF flags below */
3621 };
3622 #define SQLITE_PRINTF_INTERNAL 0x01  /* Internal-use-only converters allowed */
3623 #define SQLITE_PRINTF_SQLFUNC  0x02  /* SQL function arguments to VXPrintf */
3624 #define SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED 0x04  /* True if xText is allocated space */
3625 
3626 #define isMalloced(X)  (((X)->printfFlags & SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED)!=0)
3627 
3628 
3629 /*
3630 ** A pointer to this structure is used to communicate information
3631 ** from sqlite3Init and OP_ParseSchema into the sqlite3InitCallback.
3632 */
3633 typedef struct {
3634   sqlite3 *db;        /* The database being initialized */
3635   char **pzErrMsg;    /* Error message stored here */
3636   int iDb;            /* 0 for main database.  1 for TEMP, 2.. for ATTACHed */
3637   int rc;             /* Result code stored here */
3638   u32 mInitFlags;     /* Flags controlling error messages */
3639   u32 nInitRow;       /* Number of rows processed */
3640   Pgno mxPage;        /* Maximum page number.  0 for no limit. */
3641 } InitData;
3642 
3643 /*
3644 ** Allowed values for mInitFlags
3645 */
3646 #define INITFLAG_AlterTable   0x0001  /* This is a reparse after ALTER TABLE */
3647 
3648 /*
3649 ** Structure containing global configuration data for the SQLite library.
3650 **
3651 ** This structure also contains some state information.
3652 */
3653 struct Sqlite3Config {
3654   int bMemstat;                     /* True to enable memory status */
3655   u8 bCoreMutex;                    /* True to enable core mutexing */
3656   u8 bFullMutex;                    /* True to enable full mutexing */
3657   u8 bOpenUri;                      /* True to interpret filenames as URIs */
3658   u8 bUseCis;                       /* Use covering indices for full-scans */
3659   u8 bSmallMalloc;                  /* Avoid large memory allocations if true */
3660   u8 bExtraSchemaChecks;            /* Verify type,name,tbl_name in schema */
3661   int mxStrlen;                     /* Maximum string length */
3662   int neverCorrupt;                 /* Database is always well-formed */
3663   int szLookaside;                  /* Default lookaside buffer size */
3664   int nLookaside;                   /* Default lookaside buffer count */
3665   int nStmtSpill;                   /* Stmt-journal spill-to-disk threshold */
3666   sqlite3_mem_methods m;            /* Low-level memory allocation interface */
3667   sqlite3_mutex_methods mutex;      /* Low-level mutex interface */
3668   sqlite3_pcache_methods2 pcache2;  /* Low-level page-cache interface */
3669   void *pHeap;                      /* Heap storage space */
3670   int nHeap;                        /* Size of pHeap[] */
3671   int mnReq, mxReq;                 /* Min and max heap requests sizes */
3672   sqlite3_int64 szMmap;             /* mmap() space per open file */
3673   sqlite3_int64 mxMmap;             /* Maximum value for szMmap */
3674   void *pPage;                      /* Page cache memory */
3675   int szPage;                       /* Size of each page in pPage[] */
3676   int nPage;                        /* Number of pages in pPage[] */
3677   int mxParserStack;                /* maximum depth of the parser stack */
3678   int sharedCacheEnabled;           /* true if shared-cache mode enabled */
3679   u32 szPma;                        /* Maximum Sorter PMA size */
3680   /* The above might be initialized to non-zero.  The following need to always
3681   ** initially be zero, however. */
3682   int isInit;                       /* True after initialization has finished */
3683   int inProgress;                   /* True while initialization in progress */
3684   int isMutexInit;                  /* True after mutexes are initialized */
3685   int isMallocInit;                 /* True after malloc is initialized */
3686   int isPCacheInit;                 /* True after malloc is initialized */
3687   int nRefInitMutex;                /* Number of users of pInitMutex */
3688   sqlite3_mutex *pInitMutex;        /* Mutex used by sqlite3_initialize() */
3689   void (*xLog)(void*,int,const char*); /* Function for logging */
3690   void *pLogArg;                       /* First argument to xLog() */
3691 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG
3692   void(*xSqllog)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int);
3693   void *pSqllogArg;
3694 #endif
3695 #ifdef SQLITE_VDBE_COVERAGE
3696   /* The following callback (if not NULL) is invoked on every VDBE branch
3697   ** operation.  Set the callback using SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE.
3698   */
3699   void (*xVdbeBranch)(void*,unsigned iSrcLine,u8 eThis,u8 eMx);  /* Callback */
3700   void *pVdbeBranchArg;                                     /* 1st argument */
3701 #endif
3702 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE
3703   sqlite3_int64 mxMemdbSize;        /* Default max memdb size */
3704 #endif
3705 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
3706   int (*xTestCallback)(int);        /* Invoked by sqlite3FaultSim() */
3707 #endif
3708   int bLocaltimeFault;              /* True to fail localtime() calls */
3709   int iOnceResetThreshold;          /* When to reset OP_Once counters */
3710   u32 szSorterRef;                  /* Min size in bytes to use sorter-refs */
3711   unsigned int iPrngSeed;           /* Alternative fixed seed for the PRNG */
3712 };
3713 
3714 /*
3715 ** This macro is used inside of assert() statements to indicate that
3716 ** the assert is only valid on a well-formed database.  Instead of:
3717 **
3718 **     assert( X );
3719 **
3720 ** One writes:
3721 **
3722 **     assert( X || CORRUPT_DB );
3723 **
3724 ** CORRUPT_DB is true during normal operation.  CORRUPT_DB does not indicate
3725 ** that the database is definitely corrupt, only that it might be corrupt.
3726 ** For most test cases, CORRUPT_DB is set to false using a special
3727 ** sqlite3_test_control().  This enables assert() statements to prove
3728 ** things that are always true for well-formed databases.
3729 */
3730 #define CORRUPT_DB  (sqlite3Config.neverCorrupt==0)
3731 
3732 /*
3733 ** Context pointer passed down through the tree-walk.
3734 */
3735 struct Walker {
3736   Parse *pParse;                            /* Parser context.  */
3737   int (*xExprCallback)(Walker*, Expr*);     /* Callback for expressions */
3738   int (*xSelectCallback)(Walker*,Select*);  /* Callback for SELECTs */
3739   void (*xSelectCallback2)(Walker*,Select*);/* Second callback for SELECTs */
3740   int walkerDepth;                          /* Number of subqueries */
3741   u16 eCode;                                /* A small processing code */
3742   union {                                   /* Extra data for callback */
3743     NameContext *pNC;                         /* Naming context */
3744     int n;                                    /* A counter */
3745     int iCur;                                 /* A cursor number */
3746     SrcList *pSrcList;                        /* FROM clause */
3747     struct SrcCount *pSrcCount;               /* Counting column references */
3748     struct CCurHint *pCCurHint;               /* Used by codeCursorHint() */
3749     int *aiCol;                               /* array of column indexes */
3750     struct IdxCover *pIdxCover;               /* Check for index coverage */
3751     struct IdxExprTrans *pIdxTrans;           /* Convert idxed expr to column */
3752     ExprList *pGroupBy;                       /* GROUP BY clause */
3753     Select *pSelect;                          /* HAVING to WHERE clause ctx */
3754     struct WindowRewrite *pRewrite;           /* Window rewrite context */
3755     struct WhereConst *pConst;                /* WHERE clause constants */
3756     struct RenameCtx *pRename;                /* RENAME COLUMN context */
3757     struct Table *pTab;                       /* Table of generated column */
3758     struct SrcList_item *pSrcItem;            /* A single FROM clause item */
3759   } u;
3760 };
3761 
3762 /* Forward declarations */
3763 int sqlite3WalkExpr(Walker*, Expr*);
3764 int sqlite3WalkExprList(Walker*, ExprList*);
3765 int sqlite3WalkSelect(Walker*, Select*);
3766 int sqlite3WalkSelectExpr(Walker*, Select*);
3767 int sqlite3WalkSelectFrom(Walker*, Select*);
3768 int sqlite3ExprWalkNoop(Walker*, Expr*);
3769 int sqlite3SelectWalkNoop(Walker*, Select*);
3770 int sqlite3SelectWalkFail(Walker*, Select*);
3771 int sqlite3WalkerDepthIncrease(Walker*,Select*);
3772 void sqlite3WalkerDepthDecrease(Walker*,Select*);
3773 
3774 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3775 void sqlite3SelectWalkAssert2(Walker*, Select*);
3776 #endif
3777 
3778 /*
3779 ** Return code from the parse-tree walking primitives and their
3780 ** callbacks.
3781 */
3782 #define WRC_Continue    0   /* Continue down into children */
3783 #define WRC_Prune       1   /* Omit children but continue walking siblings */
3784 #define WRC_Abort       2   /* Abandon the tree walk */
3785 
3786 /*
3787 ** An instance of this structure represents a set of one or more CTEs
3788 ** (common table expressions) created by a single WITH clause.
3789 */
3790 struct With {
3791   int nCte;                       /* Number of CTEs in the WITH clause */
3792   With *pOuter;                   /* Containing WITH clause, or NULL */
3793   struct Cte {                    /* For each CTE in the WITH clause.... */
3794     char *zName;                    /* Name of this CTE */
3795     ExprList *pCols;                /* List of explicit column names, or NULL */
3796     Select *pSelect;                /* The definition of this CTE */
3797     const char *zCteErr;            /* Error message for circular references */
3798   } a[1];
3799 };
3800 
3801 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3802 /*
3803 ** An instance of the TreeView object is used for printing the content of
3804 ** data structures on sqlite3DebugPrintf() using a tree-like view.
3805 */
3806 struct TreeView {
3807   int iLevel;             /* Which level of the tree we are on */
3808   u8  bLine[100];         /* Draw vertical in column i if bLine[i] is true */
3809 };
3810 #endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */
3811 
3812 /*
3813 ** This object is used in various ways, most (but not all) related to window
3814 ** functions.
3815 **
3816 **   (1) A single instance of this structure is attached to the
3817 **       the Expr.y.pWin field for each window function in an expression tree.
3818 **       This object holds the information contained in the OVER clause,
3819 **       plus additional fields used during code generation.
3820 **
3821 **   (2) All window functions in a single SELECT form a linked-list
3822 **       attached to Select.pWin.  The Window.pFunc and Window.pExpr
3823 **       fields point back to the expression that is the window function.
3824 **
3825 **   (3) The terms of the WINDOW clause of a SELECT are instances of this
3826 **       object on a linked list attached to Select.pWinDefn.
3827 **
3828 **   (4) For an aggregate function with a FILTER clause, an instance
3829 **       of this object is stored in Expr.y.pWin with eFrmType set to
3830 **       TK_FILTER. In this case the only field used is Window.pFilter.
3831 **
3832 ** The uses (1) and (2) are really the same Window object that just happens
3833 ** to be accessible in two different ways.  Use case (3) are separate objects.
3834 */
3835 struct Window {
3836   char *zName;            /* Name of window (may be NULL) */
3837   char *zBase;            /* Name of base window for chaining (may be NULL) */
3838   ExprList *pPartition;   /* PARTITION BY clause */
3839   ExprList *pOrderBy;     /* ORDER BY clause */
3840   u8 eFrmType;            /* TK_RANGE, TK_GROUPS, TK_ROWS, or 0 */
3841   u8 eStart;              /* UNBOUNDED, CURRENT, PRECEDING or FOLLOWING */
3842   u8 eEnd;                /* UNBOUNDED, CURRENT, PRECEDING or FOLLOWING */
3843   u8 bImplicitFrame;      /* True if frame was implicitly specified */
3844   u8 eExclude;            /* TK_NO, TK_CURRENT, TK_TIES, TK_GROUP, or 0 */
3845   Expr *pStart;           /* Expression for "<expr> PRECEDING" */
3846   Expr *pEnd;             /* Expression for "<expr> FOLLOWING" */
3847   Window **ppThis;        /* Pointer to this object in Select.pWin list */
3848   Window *pNextWin;       /* Next window function belonging to this SELECT */
3849   Expr *pFilter;          /* The FILTER expression */
3850   FuncDef *pFunc;         /* The function */
3851   int iEphCsr;            /* Partition buffer or Peer buffer */
3852   int regAccum;           /* Accumulator */
3853   int regResult;          /* Interim result */
3854   int csrApp;             /* Function cursor (used by min/max) */
3855   int regApp;             /* Function register (also used by min/max) */
3856   int regPart;            /* Array of registers for PARTITION BY values */
3857   Expr *pOwner;           /* Expression object this window is attached to */
3858   int nBufferCol;         /* Number of columns in buffer table */
3859   int iArgCol;            /* Offset of first argument for this function */
3860   int regOne;             /* Register containing constant value 1 */
3861   int regStartRowid;
3862   int regEndRowid;
3863   u8 bExprArgs;           /* Defer evaluation of window function arguments
3864                           ** due to the SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag */
3865 };
3866 
3867 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
3868 void sqlite3WindowDelete(sqlite3*, Window*);
3869 void sqlite3WindowUnlinkFromSelect(Window*);
3870 void sqlite3WindowListDelete(sqlite3 *db, Window *p);
3871 Window *sqlite3WindowAlloc(Parse*, int, int, Expr*, int , Expr*, u8);
3872 void sqlite3WindowAttach(Parse*, Expr*, Window*);
3873 void sqlite3WindowLink(Select *pSel, Window *pWin);
3874 int sqlite3WindowCompare(Parse*, Window*, Window*, int);
3875 void sqlite3WindowCodeInit(Parse*, Select*);
3876 void sqlite3WindowCodeStep(Parse*, Select*, WhereInfo*, int, int);
3877 int sqlite3WindowRewrite(Parse*, Select*);
3878 int sqlite3ExpandSubquery(Parse*, struct SrcList_item*);
3879 void sqlite3WindowUpdate(Parse*, Window*, Window*, FuncDef*);
3880 Window *sqlite3WindowDup(sqlite3 *db, Expr *pOwner, Window *p);
3881 Window *sqlite3WindowListDup(sqlite3 *db, Window *p);
3882 void sqlite3WindowFunctions(void);
3883 void sqlite3WindowChain(Parse*, Window*, Window*);
3884 Window *sqlite3WindowAssemble(Parse*, Window*, ExprList*, ExprList*, Token*);
3885 #else
3886 # define sqlite3WindowDelete(a,b)
3887 # define sqlite3WindowFunctions()
3888 # define sqlite3WindowAttach(a,b,c)
3889 #endif
3890 
3891 /*
3892 ** Assuming zIn points to the first byte of a UTF-8 character,
3893 ** advance zIn to point to the first byte of the next UTF-8 character.
3894 */
3895 #define SQLITE_SKIP_UTF8(zIn) {                        \
3896   if( (*(zIn++))>=0xc0 ){                              \
3897     while( (*zIn & 0xc0)==0x80 ){ zIn++; }             \
3898   }                                                    \
3899 }
3900 
3901 /*
3902 ** The SQLITE_*_BKPT macros are substitutes for the error codes with
3903 ** the same name but without the _BKPT suffix.  These macros invoke
3904 ** routines that report the line-number on which the error originated
3905 ** using sqlite3_log().  The routines also provide a convenient place
3906 ** to set a debugger breakpoint.
3907 */
3908 int sqlite3ReportError(int iErr, int lineno, const char *zType);
3909 int sqlite3CorruptError(int);
3910 int sqlite3MisuseError(int);
3911 int sqlite3CantopenError(int);
3912 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT sqlite3CorruptError(__LINE__)
3913 #define SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT sqlite3MisuseError(__LINE__)
3914 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_BKPT sqlite3CantopenError(__LINE__)
3915 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
3916   int sqlite3NomemError(int);
3917   int sqlite3IoerrnomemError(int);
3918 # define SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT sqlite3NomemError(__LINE__)
3919 # define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT sqlite3IoerrnomemError(__LINE__)
3920 #else
3921 # define SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT SQLITE_NOMEM
3922 # define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM
3923 #endif
3924 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_CORRUPT_PGNO)
3925   int sqlite3CorruptPgnoError(int,Pgno);
3926 # define SQLITE_CORRUPT_PGNO(P) sqlite3CorruptPgnoError(__LINE__,(P))
3927 #else
3928 # define SQLITE_CORRUPT_PGNO(P) sqlite3CorruptError(__LINE__)
3929 #endif
3930 
3931 /*
3932 ** FTS3 and FTS4 both require virtual table support
3933 */
3934 #if defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
3935 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3
3936 # undef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4
3937 #endif
3938 
3939 /*
3940 ** FTS4 is really an extension for FTS3.  It is enabled using the
3941 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3 macro.  But to avoid confusion we also call
3942 ** the SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4 macro to serve as an alias for SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3.
3943 */
3944 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4) && !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3)
3945 # define SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3 1
3946 #endif
3947 
3948 /*
3949 ** The ctype.h header is needed for non-ASCII systems.  It is also
3950 ** needed by FTS3 when FTS3 is included in the amalgamation.
3951 */
3952 #if !defined(SQLITE_ASCII) || \
3953     (defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3) && defined(SQLITE_AMALGAMATION))
3954 # include <ctype.h>
3955 #endif
3956 
3957 /*
3958 ** The following macros mimic the standard library functions toupper(),
3959 ** isspace(), isalnum(), isdigit() and isxdigit(), respectively. The
3960 ** sqlite versions only work for ASCII characters, regardless of locale.
3961 */
3962 #ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
3963 # define sqlite3Toupper(x)  ((x)&~(sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x20))
3964 # define sqlite3Isspace(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x01)
3965 # define sqlite3Isalnum(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x06)
3966 # define sqlite3Isalpha(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x02)
3967 # define sqlite3Isdigit(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x04)
3968 # define sqlite3Isxdigit(x)  (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x08)
3969 # define sqlite3Tolower(x)   (sqlite3UpperToLower[(unsigned char)(x)])
3970 # define sqlite3Isquote(x)   (sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)(x)]&0x80)
3971 #else
3972 # define sqlite3Toupper(x)   toupper((unsigned char)(x))
3973 # define sqlite3Isspace(x)   isspace((unsigned char)(x))
3974 # define sqlite3Isalnum(x)   isalnum((unsigned char)(x))
3975 # define sqlite3Isalpha(x)   isalpha((unsigned char)(x))
3976 # define sqlite3Isdigit(x)   isdigit((unsigned char)(x))
3977 # define sqlite3Isxdigit(x)  isxdigit((unsigned char)(x))
3978 # define sqlite3Tolower(x)   tolower((unsigned char)(x))
3979 # define sqlite3Isquote(x)   ((x)=='"'||(x)=='\''||(x)=='['||(x)=='`')
3980 #endif
3981 int sqlite3IsIdChar(u8);
3982 
3983 /*
3984 ** Internal function prototypes
3985 */
3986 int sqlite3StrICmp(const char*,const char*);
3987 int sqlite3Strlen30(const char*);
3988 #define sqlite3Strlen30NN(C) (strlen(C)&0x3fffffff)
3989 char *sqlite3ColumnType(Column*,char*);
3990 #define sqlite3StrNICmp sqlite3_strnicmp
3991 
3992 int sqlite3MallocInit(void);
3993 void sqlite3MallocEnd(void);
3994 void *sqlite3Malloc(u64);
3995 void *sqlite3MallocZero(u64);
3996 void *sqlite3DbMallocZero(sqlite3*, u64);
3997 void *sqlite3DbMallocRaw(sqlite3*, u64);
3998 void *sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(sqlite3*, u64);
3999 char *sqlite3DbStrDup(sqlite3*,const char*);
4000 char *sqlite3DbStrNDup(sqlite3*,const char*, u64);
4001 char *sqlite3DbSpanDup(sqlite3*,const char*,const char*);
4002 void *sqlite3Realloc(void*, u64);
4003 void *sqlite3DbReallocOrFree(sqlite3 *, void *, u64);
4004 void *sqlite3DbRealloc(sqlite3 *, void *, u64);
4005 void sqlite3DbFree(sqlite3*, void*);
4006 void sqlite3DbFreeNN(sqlite3*, void*);
4007 int sqlite3MallocSize(void*);
4008 int sqlite3DbMallocSize(sqlite3*, void*);
4009 void *sqlite3PageMalloc(int);
4010 void sqlite3PageFree(void*);
4011 void sqlite3MemSetDefault(void);
4012 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
4013 void sqlite3BenignMallocHooks(void (*)(void), void (*)(void));
4014 #endif
4015 int sqlite3HeapNearlyFull(void);
4016 
4017 /*
4018 ** On systems with ample stack space and that support alloca(), make
4019 ** use of alloca() to obtain space for large automatic objects.  By default,
4020 ** obtain space from malloc().
4021 **
4022 ** The alloca() routine never returns NULL.  This will cause code paths
4023 ** that deal with sqlite3StackAlloc() failures to be unreachable.
4024 */
4025 #ifdef SQLITE_USE_ALLOCA
4026 # define sqlite3StackAllocRaw(D,N)   alloca(N)
4027 # define sqlite3StackAllocZero(D,N)  memset(alloca(N), 0, N)
4028 # define sqlite3StackFree(D,P)
4029 #else
4030 # define sqlite3StackAllocRaw(D,N)   sqlite3DbMallocRaw(D,N)
4031 # define sqlite3StackAllocZero(D,N)  sqlite3DbMallocZero(D,N)
4032 # define sqlite3StackFree(D,P)       sqlite3DbFree(D,P)
4033 #endif
4034 
4035 /* Do not allow both MEMSYS5 and MEMSYS3 to be defined together.  If they
4036 ** are, disable MEMSYS3
4037 */
4038 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5
4039 const sqlite3_mem_methods *sqlite3MemGetMemsys5(void);
4040 #undef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3
4041 #endif
4042 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3
4043 const sqlite3_mem_methods *sqlite3MemGetMemsys3(void);
4044 #endif
4045 
4046 
4047 #ifndef SQLITE_MUTEX_OMIT
4048   sqlite3_mutex_methods const *sqlite3DefaultMutex(void);
4049   sqlite3_mutex_methods const *sqlite3NoopMutex(void);
4050   sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3MutexAlloc(int);
4051   int sqlite3MutexInit(void);
4052   int sqlite3MutexEnd(void);
4053 #endif
4054 #if !defined(SQLITE_MUTEX_OMIT) && !defined(SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP)
4055   void sqlite3MemoryBarrier(void);
4056 #else
4057 # define sqlite3MemoryBarrier()
4058 #endif
4059 
4060 sqlite3_int64 sqlite3StatusValue(int);
4061 void sqlite3StatusUp(int, int);
4062 void sqlite3StatusDown(int, int);
4063 void sqlite3StatusHighwater(int, int);
4064 int sqlite3LookasideUsed(sqlite3*,int*);
4065 
4066 /* Access to mutexes used by sqlite3_status() */
4067 sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3Pcache1Mutex(void);
4068 sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3MallocMutex(void);
4069 
4070 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_CHECKS) && !defined(SQLITE_MUTEX_OMIT)
4071 void sqlite3MutexWarnOnContention(sqlite3_mutex*);
4072 #else
4073 # define sqlite3MutexWarnOnContention(x)
4074 #endif
4075 
4076 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
4077 # define EXP754 (((u64)0x7ff)<<52)
4078 # define MAN754 ((((u64)1)<<52)-1)
4079 # define IsNaN(X) (((X)&EXP754)==EXP754 && ((X)&MAN754)!=0)
4080   int sqlite3IsNaN(double);
4081 #else
4082 # define IsNaN(X)         0
4083 # define sqlite3IsNaN(X)  0
4084 #endif
4085 
4086 /*
4087 ** An instance of the following structure holds information about SQL
4088 ** functions arguments that are the parameters to the printf() function.
4089 */
4090 struct PrintfArguments {
4091   int nArg;                /* Total number of arguments */
4092   int nUsed;               /* Number of arguments used so far */
4093   sqlite3_value **apArg;   /* The argument values */
4094 };
4095 
4096 char *sqlite3MPrintf(sqlite3*,const char*, ...);
4097 char *sqlite3VMPrintf(sqlite3*,const char*, va_list);
4098 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE)
4099   void sqlite3DebugPrintf(const char*, ...);
4100 #endif
4101 #if defined(SQLITE_TEST)
4102   void *sqlite3TestTextToPtr(const char*);
4103 #endif
4104 
4105 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
4106   void sqlite3TreeViewExpr(TreeView*, const Expr*, u8);
4107   void sqlite3TreeViewBareExprList(TreeView*, const ExprList*, const char*);
4108   void sqlite3TreeViewExprList(TreeView*, const ExprList*, u8, const char*);
4109   void sqlite3TreeViewSrcList(TreeView*, const SrcList*);
4110   void sqlite3TreeViewSelect(TreeView*, const Select*, u8);
4111   void sqlite3TreeViewWith(TreeView*, const With*, u8);
4112 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
4113   void sqlite3TreeViewWindow(TreeView*, const Window*, u8);
4114   void sqlite3TreeViewWinFunc(TreeView*, const Window*, u8);
4115 #endif
4116 #endif
4117 
4118 
4119 void sqlite3SetString(char **, sqlite3*, const char*);
4120 void sqlite3ErrorMsg(Parse*, const char*, ...);
4121 int sqlite3ErrorToParser(sqlite3*,int);
4122 void sqlite3Dequote(char*);
4123 void sqlite3DequoteExpr(Expr*);
4124 void sqlite3TokenInit(Token*,char*);
4125 int sqlite3KeywordCode(const unsigned char*, int);
4126 int sqlite3RunParser(Parse*, const char*, char **);
4127 void sqlite3FinishCoding(Parse*);
4128 int sqlite3GetTempReg(Parse*);
4129 void sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(Parse*,int);
4130 int sqlite3GetTempRange(Parse*,int);
4131 void sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(Parse*,int,int);
4132 void sqlite3ClearTempRegCache(Parse*);
4133 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
4134 int sqlite3NoTempsInRange(Parse*,int,int);
4135 #endif
4136 Expr *sqlite3ExprAlloc(sqlite3*,int,const Token*,int);
4137 Expr *sqlite3Expr(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
4138 void sqlite3ExprAttachSubtrees(sqlite3*,Expr*,Expr*,Expr*);
4139 Expr *sqlite3PExpr(Parse*, int, Expr*, Expr*);
4140 void sqlite3PExprAddSelect(Parse*, Expr*, Select*);
4141 Expr *sqlite3ExprAnd(Parse*,Expr*, Expr*);
4142 Expr *sqlite3ExprSimplifiedAndOr(Expr*);
4143 Expr *sqlite3ExprFunction(Parse*,ExprList*, Token*, int);
4144 void sqlite3ExprFunctionUsable(Parse*,Expr*,FuncDef*);
4145 void sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(Parse*, Expr*, u32);
4146 void sqlite3ExprDelete(sqlite3*, Expr*);
4147 void sqlite3ExprUnmapAndDelete(Parse*, Expr*);
4148 ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppend(Parse*,ExprList*,Expr*);
4149 ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppendVector(Parse*,ExprList*,IdList*,Expr*);
4150 void sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(ExprList*,int,int);
4151 void sqlite3ExprListSetName(Parse*,ExprList*,Token*,int);
4152 void sqlite3ExprListSetSpan(Parse*,ExprList*,const char*,const char*);
4153 void sqlite3ExprListDelete(sqlite3*, ExprList*);
4154 u32 sqlite3ExprListFlags(const ExprList*);
4155 int sqlite3IndexHasDuplicateRootPage(Index*);
4156 int sqlite3Init(sqlite3*, char**);
4157 int sqlite3InitCallback(void*, int, char**, char**);
4158 int sqlite3InitOne(sqlite3*, int, char**, u32);
4159 void sqlite3Pragma(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,int);
4160 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
4161 Module *sqlite3PragmaVtabRegister(sqlite3*,const char *zName);
4162 #endif
4163 void sqlite3ResetAllSchemasOfConnection(sqlite3*);
4164 void sqlite3ResetOneSchema(sqlite3*,int);
4165 void sqlite3CollapseDatabaseArray(sqlite3*);
4166 void sqlite3CommitInternalChanges(sqlite3*);
4167 void sqlite3DeleteColumnNames(sqlite3*,Table*);
4168 int sqlite3ColumnsFromExprList(Parse*,ExprList*,i16*,Column**);
4169 void sqlite3SelectAddColumnTypeAndCollation(Parse*,Table*,Select*,char);
4170 Table *sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(Parse*,Select*,char);
4171 void sqlite3OpenSchemaTable(Parse *, int);
4172 Index *sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(Table*);
4173 i16 sqlite3TableColumnToIndex(Index*, i16);
4174 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
4175 # define sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(T,X) (X)  /* No-op pass-through */
4176 # define sqlite3StorageColumnToTable(T,X) (X)  /* No-op pass-through */
4177 #else
4178   i16 sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(Table*, i16);
4179   i16 sqlite3StorageColumnToTable(Table*, i16);
4180 #endif
4181 void sqlite3StartTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,int,int,int,int);
4182 #if SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
4183   void sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(Table*, Column*);
4184 #else
4185 # define sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(T,C) /* no-op */
4186 #endif
4187 void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse*,Token*,Token*);
4188 void sqlite3AddNotNull(Parse*, int);
4189 void sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, int);
4190 void sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(Parse*, Expr*, const char*, const char*);
4191 void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(Parse*,Expr*,const char*,const char*);
4192 void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse*, Token*);
4193 void sqlite3AddGenerated(Parse*,Expr*,Token*);
4194 void sqlite3EndTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,u8,Select*);
4195 int sqlite3ParseUri(const char*,const char*,unsigned int*,
4196                     sqlite3_vfs**,char**,char **);
4197 #define sqlite3CodecQueryParameters(A,B,C) 0
4198 Btree *sqlite3DbNameToBtree(sqlite3*,const char*);
4199 
4200 #ifdef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
4201 # define sqlite3FaultSim(X) SQLITE_OK
4202 #else
4203   int sqlite3FaultSim(int);
4204 #endif
4205 
4206 Bitvec *sqlite3BitvecCreate(u32);
4207 int sqlite3BitvecTest(Bitvec*, u32);
4208 int sqlite3BitvecTestNotNull(Bitvec*, u32);
4209 int sqlite3BitvecSet(Bitvec*, u32);
4210 void sqlite3BitvecClear(Bitvec*, u32, void*);
4211 void sqlite3BitvecDestroy(Bitvec*);
4212 u32 sqlite3BitvecSize(Bitvec*);
4213 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
4214 int sqlite3BitvecBuiltinTest(int,int*);
4215 #endif
4216 
4217 RowSet *sqlite3RowSetInit(sqlite3*);
4218 void sqlite3RowSetDelete(void*);
4219 void sqlite3RowSetClear(void*);
4220 void sqlite3RowSetInsert(RowSet*, i64);
4221 int sqlite3RowSetTest(RowSet*, int iBatch, i64);
4222 int sqlite3RowSetNext(RowSet*, i64*);
4223 
4224 void sqlite3CreateView(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,ExprList*,Select*,int,int);
4225 
4226 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
4227   int sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(Parse*,Table*);
4228 #else
4229 # define sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(A,B) 0
4230 #endif
4231 
4232 #if SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED>30
4233   int sqlite3DbMaskAllZero(yDbMask);
4234 #endif
4235 void sqlite3DropTable(Parse*, SrcList*, int, int);
4236 void sqlite3CodeDropTable(Parse*, Table*, int, int);
4237 void sqlite3DeleteTable(sqlite3*, Table*);
4238 void sqlite3FreeIndex(sqlite3*, Index*);
4239 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
4240   void sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(Parse *pParse);
4241   void sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(Parse *pParse);
4242 #else
4243 # define sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(X)
4244 # define sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(X)
4245 #endif
4246 void sqlite3Insert(Parse*, SrcList*, Select*, IdList*, int, Upsert*);
4247 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
4248   void sqlite3ComputeGeneratedColumns(Parse*, int, Table*);
4249 #endif
4250 void *sqlite3ArrayAllocate(sqlite3*,void*,int,int*,int*);
4251 IdList *sqlite3IdListAppend(Parse*, IdList*, Token*);
4252 int sqlite3IdListIndex(IdList*,const char*);
4253 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListEnlarge(Parse*, SrcList*, int, int);
4254 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendList(Parse *pParse, SrcList *p1, SrcList *p2);
4255 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppend(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*);
4256 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*,
4257                                       Token*, Select*, Expr*, IdList*);
4258 void sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(Parse *, SrcList *, Token *);
4259 void sqlite3SrcListFuncArgs(Parse*, SrcList*, ExprList*);
4260 int sqlite3IndexedByLookup(Parse *, struct SrcList_item *);
4261 void sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(SrcList*);
4262 void sqlite3SrcListAssignCursors(Parse*, SrcList*);
4263 void sqlite3IdListDelete(sqlite3*, IdList*);
4264 void sqlite3SrcListDelete(sqlite3*, SrcList*);
4265 Index *sqlite3AllocateIndexObject(sqlite3*,i16,int,char**);
4266 void sqlite3CreateIndex(Parse*,Token*,Token*,SrcList*,ExprList*,int,Token*,
4267                           Expr*, int, int, u8);
4268 void sqlite3DropIndex(Parse*, SrcList*, int);
4269 int sqlite3Select(Parse*, Select*, SelectDest*);
4270 Select *sqlite3SelectNew(Parse*,ExprList*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,
4271                          Expr*,ExprList*,u32,Expr*);
4272 void sqlite3SelectDelete(sqlite3*, Select*);
4273 Table *sqlite3SrcListLookup(Parse*, SrcList*);
4274 int sqlite3IsReadOnly(Parse*, Table*, int);
4275 void sqlite3OpenTable(Parse*, int iCur, int iDb, Table*, int);
4276 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY)
4277 Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(Parse*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,Expr*,char*);
4278 #endif
4279 void sqlite3DeleteFrom(Parse*, SrcList*, Expr*, ExprList*, Expr*);
4280 void sqlite3Update(Parse*, SrcList*, ExprList*,Expr*,int,ExprList*,Expr*,
4281                    Upsert*);
4282 WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(Parse*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,ExprList*,u16,int);
4283 void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo*);
4284 LogEst sqlite3WhereOutputRowCount(WhereInfo*);
4285 int sqlite3WhereIsDistinct(WhereInfo*);
4286 int sqlite3WhereIsOrdered(WhereInfo*);
4287 int sqlite3WhereOrderByLimitOptLabel(WhereInfo*);
4288 int sqlite3WhereIsSorted(WhereInfo*);
4289 int sqlite3WhereContinueLabel(WhereInfo*);
4290 int sqlite3WhereBreakLabel(WhereInfo*);
4291 int sqlite3WhereOkOnePass(WhereInfo*, int*);
4292 #define ONEPASS_OFF      0        /* Use of ONEPASS not allowed */
4293 #define ONEPASS_SINGLE   1        /* ONEPASS valid for a single row update */
4294 #define ONEPASS_MULTI    2        /* ONEPASS is valid for multiple rows */
4295 int sqlite3WhereUsesDeferredSeek(WhereInfo*);
4296 void sqlite3ExprCodeLoadIndexColumn(Parse*, Index*, int, int, int);
4297 int sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int, u8);
4298 void sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(Vdbe*, Table*, int, int, int);
4299 void sqlite3ExprCodeMove(Parse*, int, int, int);
4300 void sqlite3ExprCode(Parse*, Expr*, int);
4301 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
4302 void sqlite3ExprCodeGeneratedColumn(Parse*, Column*, int);
4303 #endif
4304 void sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(Parse*, Expr*, int);
4305 void sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(Parse*, Expr*, int);
4306 int sqlite3ExprCodeRunJustOnce(Parse*, Expr*, int);
4307 int sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(Parse*, Expr*, int*);
4308 int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse*, Expr*, int);
4309 int sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, u8);
4310 #define SQLITE_ECEL_DUP      0x01  /* Deep, not shallow copies */
4311 #define SQLITE_ECEL_FACTOR   0x02  /* Factor out constant terms */
4312 #define SQLITE_ECEL_REF      0x04  /* Use ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */
4313 #define SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF  0x08  /* Omit if ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */
4314 void sqlite3ExprIfTrue(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
4315 void sqlite3ExprIfFalse(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
4316 void sqlite3ExprIfFalseDup(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
4317 Table *sqlite3FindTable(sqlite3*,const char*, const char*);
4318 #define LOCATE_VIEW    0x01
4319 #define LOCATE_NOERR   0x02
4320 Table *sqlite3LocateTable(Parse*,u32 flags,const char*, const char*);
4321 Table *sqlite3LocateTableItem(Parse*,u32 flags,struct SrcList_item *);
4322 Index *sqlite3FindIndex(sqlite3*,const char*, const char*);
4323 void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTable(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
4324 void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteIndex(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
4325 void sqlite3Vacuum(Parse*,Token*,Expr*);
4326 int sqlite3RunVacuum(char**, sqlite3*, int, sqlite3_value*);
4327 char *sqlite3NameFromToken(sqlite3*, Token*);
4328 int sqlite3ExprCompare(Parse*,Expr*, Expr*, int);
4329 int sqlite3ExprCompareSkip(Expr*, Expr*, int);
4330 int sqlite3ExprListCompare(ExprList*, ExprList*, int);
4331 int sqlite3ExprImpliesExpr(Parse*,Expr*, Expr*, int);
4332 int sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(Expr*,int);
4333 void sqlite3AggInfoPersistWalkerInit(Walker*,Parse*);
4334 void sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggregates(NameContext*, Expr*);
4335 void sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggList(NameContext*,ExprList*);
4336 int sqlite3ExprCoveredByIndex(Expr*, int iCur, Index *pIdx);
4337 int sqlite3FunctionUsesThisSrc(Expr*, SrcList*);
4338 Vdbe *sqlite3GetVdbe(Parse*);
4339 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
4340 void sqlite3PrngSaveState(void);
4341 void sqlite3PrngRestoreState(void);
4342 #endif
4343 void sqlite3RollbackAll(sqlite3*,int);
4344 void sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(Parse*, int);
4345 void sqlite3CodeVerifyNamedSchema(Parse*, const char *zDb);
4346 void sqlite3BeginTransaction(Parse*, int);
4347 void sqlite3EndTransaction(Parse*,int);
4348 void sqlite3Savepoint(Parse*, int, Token*);
4349 void sqlite3CloseSavepoints(sqlite3 *);
4350 void sqlite3LeaveMutexAndCloseZombie(sqlite3*);
4351 u32 sqlite3IsTrueOrFalse(const char*);
4352 int sqlite3ExprIdToTrueFalse(Expr*);
4353 int sqlite3ExprTruthValue(const Expr*);
4354 int sqlite3ExprIsConstant(Expr*);
4355 int sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(Expr*);
4356 int sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrFunction(Expr*, u8);
4357 int sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrGroupBy(Parse*, Expr*, ExprList*);
4358 int sqlite3ExprIsTableConstant(Expr*,int);
4359 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CURSOR_HINTS
4360 int sqlite3ExprContainsSubquery(Expr*);
4361 #endif
4362 int sqlite3ExprIsInteger(Expr*, int*);
4363 int sqlite3ExprCanBeNull(const Expr*);
4364 int sqlite3ExprNeedsNoAffinityChange(const Expr*, char);
4365 int sqlite3IsRowid(const char*);
4366 void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
4367     Parse*,Table*,Trigger*,int,int,int,i16,u8,u8,u8,int);
4368 void sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int*, int);
4369 int sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(Parse*, Index*, int, int, int, int*,Index*,int);
4370 void sqlite3ResolvePartIdxLabel(Parse*,int);
4371 int sqlite3ExprReferencesUpdatedColumn(Expr*,int*,int);
4372 void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(Parse*,Table*,int*,int,int,int,int,
4373                                      u8,u8,int,int*,int*,Upsert*);
4374 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NULL_TRIM
4375   void sqlite3SetMakeRecordP5(Vdbe*,Table*);
4376 #else
4377 # define sqlite3SetMakeRecordP5(A,B)
4378 #endif
4379 void sqlite3CompleteInsertion(Parse*,Table*,int,int,int,int*,int,int,int);
4380 int sqlite3OpenTableAndIndices(Parse*, Table*, int, u8, int, u8*, int*, int*);
4381 void sqlite3BeginWriteOperation(Parse*, int, int);
4382 void sqlite3MultiWrite(Parse*);
4383 void sqlite3MayAbort(Parse*);
4384 void sqlite3HaltConstraint(Parse*, int, int, char*, i8, u8);
4385 void sqlite3UniqueConstraint(Parse*, int, Index*);
4386 void sqlite3RowidConstraint(Parse*, int, Table*);
4387 Expr *sqlite3ExprDup(sqlite3*,Expr*,int);
4388 ExprList *sqlite3ExprListDup(sqlite3*,ExprList*,int);
4389 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListDup(sqlite3*,SrcList*,int);
4390 IdList *sqlite3IdListDup(sqlite3*,IdList*);
4391 Select *sqlite3SelectDup(sqlite3*,Select*,int);
4392 FuncDef *sqlite3FunctionSearch(int,const char*);
4393 void sqlite3InsertBuiltinFuncs(FuncDef*,int);
4394 FuncDef *sqlite3FindFunction(sqlite3*,const char*,int,u8,u8);
4395 void sqlite3RegisterBuiltinFunctions(void);
4396 void sqlite3RegisterDateTimeFunctions(void);
4397 void sqlite3RegisterPerConnectionBuiltinFunctions(sqlite3*);
4398 int sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(sqlite3*);
4399 int sqlite3SafetyCheckSickOrOk(sqlite3*);
4400 void sqlite3ChangeCookie(Parse*, int);
4401 
4402 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
4403 void sqlite3MaterializeView(Parse*, Table*, Expr*, ExprList*,Expr*,int);
4404 #endif
4405 
4406 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
4407   void sqlite3BeginTrigger(Parse*, Token*,Token*,int,int,IdList*,SrcList*,
4408                            Expr*,int, int);
4409   void sqlite3FinishTrigger(Parse*, TriggerStep*, Token*);
4410   void sqlite3DropTrigger(Parse*, SrcList*, int);
4411   void sqlite3DropTriggerPtr(Parse*, Trigger*);
4412   Trigger *sqlite3TriggersExist(Parse *, Table*, int, ExprList*, int *pMask);
4413   Trigger *sqlite3TriggerList(Parse *, Table *);
4414   void sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(Parse*, Trigger *, int, ExprList*, int, Table *,
4415                             int, int, int);
4416   void sqlite3CodeRowTriggerDirect(Parse *, Trigger *, Table *, int, int, int);
4417   void sqliteViewTriggers(Parse*, Table*, Expr*, int, ExprList*);
4418   void sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep(sqlite3*, TriggerStep*);
4419   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerSelectStep(sqlite3*,Select*,
4420                                         const char*,const char*);
4421   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(Parse*,Token*, IdList*,
4422                                         Select*,u8,Upsert*,
4423                                         const char*,const char*);
4424   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerUpdateStep(Parse*,Token*,SrcList*,ExprList*,
4425                                         Expr*, u8, const char*,const char*);
4426   TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerDeleteStep(Parse*,Token*, Expr*,
4427                                         const char*,const char*);
4428   void sqlite3DeleteTrigger(sqlite3*, Trigger*);
4429   void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTrigger(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
4430   u32 sqlite3TriggerColmask(Parse*,Trigger*,ExprList*,int,int,Table*,int);
4431   SrcList *sqlite3TriggerStepSrc(Parse*, TriggerStep*);
4432 # define sqlite3ParseToplevel(p) ((p)->pToplevel ? (p)->pToplevel : (p))
4433 # define sqlite3IsToplevel(p) ((p)->pToplevel==0)
4434 #else
4435 # define sqlite3TriggersExist(B,C,D,E,F) 0
4436 # define sqlite3DeleteTrigger(A,B)
4437 # define sqlite3DropTriggerPtr(A,B)
4438 # define sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTrigger(A,B,C)
4439 # define sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I)
4440 # define sqlite3CodeRowTriggerDirect(A,B,C,D,E,F)
4441 # define sqlite3TriggerList(X, Y) 0
4442 # define sqlite3ParseToplevel(p) p
4443 # define sqlite3IsToplevel(p) 1
4444 # define sqlite3TriggerColmask(A,B,C,D,E,F,G) 0
4445 # define sqlite3TriggerStepSrc(A,B) 0
4446 #endif
4447 
4448 int sqlite3JoinType(Parse*, Token*, Token*, Token*);
4449 void sqlite3SetJoinExpr(Expr*,int);
4450 void sqlite3CreateForeignKey(Parse*, ExprList*, Token*, ExprList*, int);
4451 void sqlite3DeferForeignKey(Parse*, int);
4452 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
4453   void sqlite3AuthRead(Parse*,Expr*,Schema*,SrcList*);
4454   int sqlite3AuthCheck(Parse*,int, const char*, const char*, const char*);
4455   void sqlite3AuthContextPush(Parse*, AuthContext*, const char*);
4456   void sqlite3AuthContextPop(AuthContext*);
4457   int sqlite3AuthReadCol(Parse*, const char *, const char *, int);
4458 #else
4459 # define sqlite3AuthRead(a,b,c,d)
4460 # define sqlite3AuthCheck(a,b,c,d,e)    SQLITE_OK
4461 # define sqlite3AuthContextPush(a,b,c)
4462 # define sqlite3AuthContextPop(a)  ((void)(a))
4463 #endif
4464 int sqlite3DbIsNamed(sqlite3 *db, int iDb, const char *zName);
4465 void sqlite3Attach(Parse*, Expr*, Expr*, Expr*);
4466 void sqlite3Detach(Parse*, Expr*);
4467 void sqlite3FixInit(DbFixer*, Parse*, int, const char*, const Token*);
4468 int sqlite3FixSrcList(DbFixer*, SrcList*);
4469 int sqlite3FixSelect(DbFixer*, Select*);
4470 int sqlite3FixExpr(DbFixer*, Expr*);
4471 int sqlite3FixExprList(DbFixer*, ExprList*);
4472 int sqlite3FixTriggerStep(DbFixer*, TriggerStep*);
4473 int sqlite3RealSameAsInt(double,sqlite3_int64);
4474 void sqlite3Int64ToText(i64,char*);
4475 int sqlite3AtoF(const char *z, double*, int, u8);
4476 int sqlite3GetInt32(const char *, int*);
4477 int sqlite3GetUInt32(const char*, u32*);
4478 int sqlite3Atoi(const char*);
4479 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
4480 int sqlite3Utf16ByteLen(const void *pData, int nChar);
4481 #endif
4482 int sqlite3Utf8CharLen(const char *pData, int nByte);
4483 u32 sqlite3Utf8Read(const u8**);
4484 LogEst sqlite3LogEst(u64);
4485 LogEst sqlite3LogEstAdd(LogEst,LogEst);
4486 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
4487 LogEst sqlite3LogEstFromDouble(double);
4488 #endif
4489 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS) || \
4490     defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4) || \
4491     defined(SQLITE_EXPLAIN_ESTIMATED_ROWS)
4492 u64 sqlite3LogEstToInt(LogEst);
4493 #endif
4494 VList *sqlite3VListAdd(sqlite3*,VList*,const char*,int,int);
4495 const char *sqlite3VListNumToName(VList*,int);
4496 int sqlite3VListNameToNum(VList*,const char*,int);
4497 
4498 /*
4499 ** Routines to read and write variable-length integers.  These used to
4500 ** be defined locally, but now we use the varint routines in the util.c
4501 ** file.
4502 */
4503 int sqlite3PutVarint(unsigned char*, u64);
4504 u8 sqlite3GetVarint(const unsigned char *, u64 *);
4505 u8 sqlite3GetVarint32(const unsigned char *, u32 *);
4506 int sqlite3VarintLen(u64 v);
4507 
4508 /*
4509 ** The common case is for a varint to be a single byte.  They following
4510 ** macros handle the common case without a procedure call, but then call
4511 ** the procedure for larger varints.
4512 */
4513 #define getVarint32(A,B)  \
4514   (u8)((*(A)<(u8)0x80)?((B)=(u32)*(A)),1:sqlite3GetVarint32((A),(u32 *)&(B)))
4515 #define getVarint32NR(A,B) \
4516   B=(u32)*(A);if(B>=0x80)sqlite3GetVarint32((A),(u32*)&(B))
4517 #define putVarint32(A,B)  \
4518   (u8)(((u32)(B)<(u32)0x80)?(*(A)=(unsigned char)(B)),1:\
4519   sqlite3PutVarint((A),(B)))
4520 #define getVarint    sqlite3GetVarint
4521 #define putVarint    sqlite3PutVarint
4522 
4523 
4524 const char *sqlite3IndexAffinityStr(sqlite3*, Index*);
4525 void sqlite3TableAffinity(Vdbe*, Table*, int);
4526 char sqlite3CompareAffinity(const Expr *pExpr, char aff2);
4527 int sqlite3IndexAffinityOk(const Expr *pExpr, char idx_affinity);
4528 char sqlite3TableColumnAffinity(Table*,int);
4529 char sqlite3ExprAffinity(const Expr *pExpr);
4530 int sqlite3Atoi64(const char*, i64*, int, u8);
4531 int sqlite3DecOrHexToI64(const char*, i64*);
4532 void sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(sqlite3*, int, const char*,...);
4533 void sqlite3Error(sqlite3*,int);
4534 void sqlite3SystemError(sqlite3*,int);
4535 void *sqlite3HexToBlob(sqlite3*, const char *z, int n);
4536 u8 sqlite3HexToInt(int h);
4537 int sqlite3TwoPartName(Parse *, Token *, Token *, Token **);
4538 
4539 #if defined(SQLITE_NEED_ERR_NAME)
4540 const char *sqlite3ErrName(int);
4541 #endif
4542 
4543 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE
4544 int sqlite3MemdbInit(void);
4545 #endif
4546 
4547 const char *sqlite3ErrStr(int);
4548 int sqlite3ReadSchema(Parse *pParse);
4549 CollSeq *sqlite3FindCollSeq(sqlite3*,u8 enc, const char*,int);
4550 int sqlite3IsBinary(const CollSeq*);
4551 CollSeq *sqlite3LocateCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const char*zName);
4552 void sqlite3SetTextEncoding(sqlite3 *db, u8);
4553 CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const Expr *pExpr);
4554 CollSeq *sqlite3ExprNNCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const Expr *pExpr);
4555 int sqlite3ExprCollSeqMatch(Parse*,const Expr*,const Expr*);
4556 Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateToken(Parse *pParse, Expr*, const Token*, int);
4557 Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(Parse*,Expr*,const char*);
4558 Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(Expr*);
4559 Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(Expr*);
4560 int sqlite3CheckCollSeq(Parse *, CollSeq *);
4561 int sqlite3WritableSchema(sqlite3*);
4562 int sqlite3CheckObjectName(Parse*, const char*,const char*,const char*);
4563 void sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(sqlite3 *, int);
4564 int sqlite3AddInt64(i64*,i64);
4565 int sqlite3SubInt64(i64*,i64);
4566 int sqlite3MulInt64(i64*,i64);
4567 int sqlite3AbsInt32(int);
4568 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES
4569 void sqlite3FileSuffix3(const char*, char*);
4570 #else
4571 # define sqlite3FileSuffix3(X,Y)
4572 #endif
4573 u8 sqlite3GetBoolean(const char *z,u8);
4574 
4575 const void *sqlite3ValueText(sqlite3_value*, u8);
4576 int sqlite3ValueBytes(sqlite3_value*, u8);
4577 void sqlite3ValueSetStr(sqlite3_value*, int, const void *,u8,
4578                         void(*)(void*));
4579 void sqlite3ValueSetNull(sqlite3_value*);
4580 void sqlite3ValueFree(sqlite3_value*);
4581 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
4582 void sqlite3ResultIntReal(sqlite3_context*);
4583 #endif
4584 sqlite3_value *sqlite3ValueNew(sqlite3 *);
4585 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
4586 char *sqlite3Utf16to8(sqlite3 *, const void*, int, u8);
4587 #endif
4588 int sqlite3ValueFromExpr(sqlite3 *, Expr *, u8, u8, sqlite3_value **);
4589 void sqlite3ValueApplyAffinity(sqlite3_value *, u8, u8);
4590 #ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
4591 extern const unsigned char sqlite3OpcodeProperty[];
4592 extern const char sqlite3StrBINARY[];
4593 extern const unsigned char sqlite3UpperToLower[];
4594 extern const unsigned char sqlite3CtypeMap[];
4595 extern SQLITE_WSD struct Sqlite3Config sqlite3Config;
4596 extern FuncDefHash sqlite3BuiltinFunctions;
4597 extern u32 sqlite3_unsupported_selecttrace;
4598 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
4599 extern int sqlite3PendingByte;
4600 #endif
4601 #endif /* SQLITE_AMALGAMATION */
4602 #ifdef VDBE_PROFILE
4603 extern sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3NProfileCnt;
4604 #endif
4605 void sqlite3RootPageMoved(sqlite3*, int, Pgno, Pgno);
4606 void sqlite3Reindex(Parse*, Token*, Token*);
4607 void sqlite3AlterFunctions(void);
4608 void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*);
4609 void sqlite3AlterRenameColumn(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*);
4610 int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *, int *);
4611 void sqlite3NestedParse(Parse*, const char*, ...);
4612 void sqlite3ExpirePreparedStatements(sqlite3*, int);
4613 void sqlite3CodeRhsOfIN(Parse*, Expr*, int);
4614 int sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse*, Expr*);
4615 void sqlite3SelectPrep(Parse*, Select*, NameContext*);
4616 void sqlite3SelectWrongNumTermsError(Parse *pParse, Select *p);
4617 int sqlite3MatchEName(
4618   const struct ExprList_item*,
4619   const char*,
4620   const char*,
4621   const char*
4622 );
4623 Bitmask sqlite3ExprColUsed(Expr*);
4624 u8 sqlite3StrIHash(const char*);
4625 int sqlite3ResolveExprNames(NameContext*, Expr*);
4626 int sqlite3ResolveExprListNames(NameContext*, ExprList*);
4627 void sqlite3ResolveSelectNames(Parse*, Select*, NameContext*);
4628 int sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(Parse*,Table*,int,Expr*,ExprList*);
4629 int sqlite3ResolveOrderGroupBy(Parse*, Select*, ExprList*, const char*);
4630 void sqlite3ColumnDefault(Vdbe *, Table *, int, int);
4631 void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *, Token *);
4632 void sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(Parse *, SrcList *);
4633 void *sqlite3RenameTokenMap(Parse*, void*, Token*);
4634 void sqlite3RenameTokenRemap(Parse*, void *pTo, void *pFrom);
4635 void sqlite3RenameExprUnmap(Parse*, Expr*);
4636 void sqlite3RenameExprlistUnmap(Parse*, ExprList*);
4637 CollSeq *sqlite3GetCollSeq(Parse*, u8, CollSeq *, const char*);
4638 char sqlite3AffinityType(const char*, Column*);
4639 void sqlite3Analyze(Parse*, Token*, Token*);
4640 int sqlite3InvokeBusyHandler(BusyHandler*);
4641 int sqlite3FindDb(sqlite3*, Token*);
4642 int sqlite3FindDbName(sqlite3 *, const char *);
4643 int sqlite3AnalysisLoad(sqlite3*,int iDB);
4644 void sqlite3DeleteIndexSamples(sqlite3*,Index*);
4645 void sqlite3DefaultRowEst(Index*);
4646 void sqlite3RegisterLikeFunctions(sqlite3*, int);
4647 int sqlite3IsLikeFunction(sqlite3*,Expr*,int*,char*);
4648 void sqlite3SchemaClear(void *);
4649 Schema *sqlite3SchemaGet(sqlite3 *, Btree *);
4650 int sqlite3SchemaToIndex(sqlite3 *db, Schema *);
4651 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(sqlite3*,int,int);
4652 void sqlite3KeyInfoUnref(KeyInfo*);
4653 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoRef(KeyInfo*);
4654 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoOfIndex(Parse*, Index*);
4655 KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int);
4656 int sqlite3HasExplicitNulls(Parse*, ExprList*);
4657 
4658 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
4659 int sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(KeyInfo*);
4660 #endif
4661 int sqlite3CreateFunc(sqlite3 *, const char *, int, int, void *,
4662   void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
4663   void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
4664   void (*)(sqlite3_context*),
4665   void (*)(sqlite3_context*),
4666   void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
4667   FuncDestructor *pDestructor
4668 );
4669 void sqlite3NoopDestructor(void*);
4670 void sqlite3OomFault(sqlite3*);
4671 void sqlite3OomClear(sqlite3*);
4672 int sqlite3ApiExit(sqlite3 *db, int);
4673 int sqlite3OpenTempDatabase(Parse *);
4674 
4675 void sqlite3StrAccumInit(StrAccum*, sqlite3*, char*, int, int);
4676 char *sqlite3StrAccumFinish(StrAccum*);
4677 void sqlite3SelectDestInit(SelectDest*,int,int);
4678 Expr *sqlite3CreateColumnExpr(sqlite3 *, SrcList *, int, int);
4679 
4680 void sqlite3BackupRestart(sqlite3_backup *);
4681 void sqlite3BackupUpdate(sqlite3_backup *, Pgno, const u8 *);
4682 
4683 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
4684 int sqlite3ExprCheckIN(Parse*, Expr*);
4685 #else
4686 # define sqlite3ExprCheckIN(x,y) SQLITE_OK
4687 #endif
4688 
4689 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
4690 int sqlite3Stat4ProbeSetValue(
4691     Parse*,Index*,UnpackedRecord**,Expr*,int,int,int*);
4692 int sqlite3Stat4ValueFromExpr(Parse*, Expr*, u8, sqlite3_value**);
4693 void sqlite3Stat4ProbeFree(UnpackedRecord*);
4694 int sqlite3Stat4Column(sqlite3*, const void*, int, int, sqlite3_value**);
4695 char sqlite3IndexColumnAffinity(sqlite3*, Index*, int);
4696 #endif
4697 
4698 /*
4699 ** The interface to the LEMON-generated parser
4700 */
4701 #ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
4702   void *sqlite3ParserAlloc(void*(*)(u64), Parse*);
4703   void sqlite3ParserFree(void*, void(*)(void*));
4704 #endif
4705 void sqlite3Parser(void*, int, Token);
4706 int sqlite3ParserFallback(int);
4707 #ifdef YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH
4708   int sqlite3ParserStackPeak(void*);
4709 #endif
4710 
4711 void sqlite3AutoLoadExtensions(sqlite3*);
4712 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
4713   void sqlite3CloseExtensions(sqlite3*);
4714 #else
4715 # define sqlite3CloseExtensions(X)
4716 #endif
4717 
4718 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
4719   void sqlite3TableLock(Parse *, int, Pgno, u8, const char *);
4720 #else
4721   #define sqlite3TableLock(v,w,x,y,z)
4722 #endif
4723 
4724 #ifdef SQLITE_TEST
4725   int sqlite3Utf8To8(unsigned char*);
4726 #endif
4727 
4728 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
4729 #  define sqlite3VtabClear(Y)
4730 #  define sqlite3VtabSync(X,Y) SQLITE_OK
4731 #  define sqlite3VtabRollback(X)
4732 #  define sqlite3VtabCommit(X)
4733 #  define sqlite3VtabInSync(db) 0
4734 #  define sqlite3VtabLock(X)
4735 #  define sqlite3VtabUnlock(X)
4736 #  define sqlite3VtabModuleUnref(D,X)
4737 #  define sqlite3VtabUnlockList(X)
4738 #  define sqlite3VtabSavepoint(X, Y, Z) SQLITE_OK
4739 #  define sqlite3GetVTable(X,Y)  ((VTable*)0)
4740 #else
4741    void sqlite3VtabClear(sqlite3 *db, Table*);
4742    void sqlite3VtabDisconnect(sqlite3 *db, Table *p);
4743    int sqlite3VtabSync(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe*);
4744    int sqlite3VtabRollback(sqlite3 *db);
4745    int sqlite3VtabCommit(sqlite3 *db);
4746    void sqlite3VtabLock(VTable *);
4747    void sqlite3VtabUnlock(VTable *);
4748    void sqlite3VtabModuleUnref(sqlite3*,Module*);
4749    void sqlite3VtabUnlockList(sqlite3*);
4750    int sqlite3VtabSavepoint(sqlite3 *, int, int);
4751    void sqlite3VtabImportErrmsg(Vdbe*, sqlite3_vtab*);
4752    VTable *sqlite3GetVTable(sqlite3*, Table*);
4753    Module *sqlite3VtabCreateModule(
4754      sqlite3*,
4755      const char*,
4756      const sqlite3_module*,
4757      void*,
4758      void(*)(void*)
4759    );
4760 #  define sqlite3VtabInSync(db) ((db)->nVTrans>0 && (db)->aVTrans==0)
4761 #endif
4762 int sqlite3ReadOnlyShadowTables(sqlite3 *db);
4763 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
4764   int sqlite3ShadowTableName(sqlite3 *db, const char *zName);
4765   int sqlite3IsShadowTableOf(sqlite3*,Table*,const char*);
4766 #else
4767 # define sqlite3ShadowTableName(A,B) 0
4768 # define sqlite3IsShadowTableOf(A,B,C) 0
4769 #endif
4770 int sqlite3VtabEponymousTableInit(Parse*,Module*);
4771 void sqlite3VtabEponymousTableClear(sqlite3*,Module*);
4772 void sqlite3VtabMakeWritable(Parse*,Table*);
4773 void sqlite3VtabBeginParse(Parse*, Token*, Token*, Token*, int);
4774 void sqlite3VtabFinishParse(Parse*, Token*);
4775 void sqlite3VtabArgInit(Parse*);
4776 void sqlite3VtabArgExtend(Parse*, Token*);
4777 int sqlite3VtabCallCreate(sqlite3*, int, const char *, char **);
4778 int sqlite3VtabCallConnect(Parse*, Table*);
4779 int sqlite3VtabCallDestroy(sqlite3*, int, const char *);
4780 int sqlite3VtabBegin(sqlite3 *, VTable *);
4781 FuncDef *sqlite3VtabOverloadFunction(sqlite3 *,FuncDef*, int nArg, Expr*);
4782 sqlite3_int64 sqlite3StmtCurrentTime(sqlite3_context*);
4783 int sqlite3VdbeParameterIndex(Vdbe*, const char*, int);
4784 int sqlite3TransferBindings(sqlite3_stmt *, sqlite3_stmt *);
4785 void sqlite3ParserReset(Parse*);
4786 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
4787 char *sqlite3Normalize(Vdbe*, const char*);
4788 #endif
4789 int sqlite3Reprepare(Vdbe*);
4790 void sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(Parse*, ExprList*, const char*);
4791 CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCompareCollSeq(Parse*,const Expr*);
4792 CollSeq *sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(Parse *, const Expr*, const Expr*);
4793 int sqlite3TempInMemory(const sqlite3*);
4794 const char *sqlite3JournalModename(int);
4795 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
4796   int sqlite3Checkpoint(sqlite3*, int, int, int*, int*);
4797   int sqlite3WalDefaultHook(void*,sqlite3*,const char*,int);
4798 #endif
4799 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CTE
4800   With *sqlite3WithAdd(Parse*,With*,Token*,ExprList*,Select*);
4801   void sqlite3WithDelete(sqlite3*,With*);
4802   void sqlite3WithPush(Parse*, With*, u8);
4803 #else
4804 #define sqlite3WithPush(x,y,z)
4805 #define sqlite3WithDelete(x,y)
4806 #endif
4807 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UPSERT
4808   Upsert *sqlite3UpsertNew(sqlite3*,ExprList*,Expr*,ExprList*,Expr*);
4809   void sqlite3UpsertDelete(sqlite3*,Upsert*);
4810   Upsert *sqlite3UpsertDup(sqlite3*,Upsert*);
4811   int sqlite3UpsertAnalyzeTarget(Parse*,SrcList*,Upsert*);
4812   void sqlite3UpsertDoUpdate(Parse*,Upsert*,Table*,Index*,int);
4813 #else
4814 #define sqlite3UpsertNew(v,w,x,y,z) ((Upsert*)0)
4815 #define sqlite3UpsertDelete(x,y)
4816 #define sqlite3UpsertDup(x,y)       ((Upsert*)0)
4817 #endif
4818 
4819 
4820 /* Declarations for functions in fkey.c. All of these are replaced by
4821 ** no-op macros if OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY is defined. In this case no foreign
4822 ** key functionality is available. If OMIT_TRIGGER is defined but
4823 ** OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY is not, only some of the functions are no-oped. In
4824 ** this case foreign keys are parsed, but no other functionality is
4825 ** provided (enforcement of FK constraints requires the triggers sub-system).
4826 */
4827 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
4828   void sqlite3FkCheck(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int*, int);
4829   void sqlite3FkDropTable(Parse*, SrcList *, Table*);
4830   void sqlite3FkActions(Parse*, Table*, ExprList*, int, int*, int);
4831   int sqlite3FkRequired(Parse*, Table*, int*, int);
4832   u32 sqlite3FkOldmask(Parse*, Table*);
4833   FKey *sqlite3FkReferences(Table *);
4834 #else
4835   #define sqlite3FkActions(a,b,c,d,e,f)
4836   #define sqlite3FkCheck(a,b,c,d,e,f)
4837   #define sqlite3FkDropTable(a,b,c)
4838   #define sqlite3FkOldmask(a,b)         0
4839   #define sqlite3FkRequired(a,b,c,d)    0
4840   #define sqlite3FkReferences(a)        0
4841 #endif
4842 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
4843   void sqlite3FkDelete(sqlite3 *, Table*);
4844   int sqlite3FkLocateIndex(Parse*,Table*,FKey*,Index**,int**);
4845 #else
4846   #define sqlite3FkDelete(a,b)
4847   #define sqlite3FkLocateIndex(a,b,c,d,e)
4848 #endif
4849 
4850 
4851 /*
4852 ** Available fault injectors.  Should be numbered beginning with 0.
4853 */
4854 #define SQLITE_FAULTINJECTOR_MALLOC     0
4855 #define SQLITE_FAULTINJECTOR_COUNT      1
4856 
4857 /*
4858 ** The interface to the code in fault.c used for identifying "benign"
4859 ** malloc failures. This is only present if SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
4860 ** is not defined.
4861 */
4862 #ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
4863   void sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc(void);
4864   void sqlite3EndBenignMalloc(void);
4865 #else
4866   #define sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc()
4867   #define sqlite3EndBenignMalloc()
4868 #endif
4869 
4870 /*
4871 ** Allowed return values from sqlite3FindInIndex()
4872 */
4873 #define IN_INDEX_ROWID        1   /* Search the rowid of the table */
4874 #define IN_INDEX_EPH          2   /* Search an ephemeral b-tree */
4875 #define IN_INDEX_INDEX_ASC    3   /* Existing index ASCENDING */
4876 #define IN_INDEX_INDEX_DESC   4   /* Existing index DESCENDING */
4877 #define IN_INDEX_NOOP         5   /* No table available. Use comparisons */
4878 /*
4879 ** Allowed flags for the 3rd parameter to sqlite3FindInIndex().
4880 */
4881 #define IN_INDEX_NOOP_OK     0x0001  /* OK to return IN_INDEX_NOOP */
4882 #define IN_INDEX_MEMBERSHIP  0x0002  /* IN operator used for membership test */
4883 #define IN_INDEX_LOOP        0x0004  /* IN operator used as a loop */
4884 int sqlite3FindInIndex(Parse *, Expr *, u32, int*, int*, int*);
4885 
4886 int sqlite3JournalOpen(sqlite3_vfs *, const char *, sqlite3_file *, int, int);
4887 int sqlite3JournalSize(sqlite3_vfs *);
4888 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE) \
4889  || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE)
4890   int sqlite3JournalCreate(sqlite3_file *);
4891 #endif
4892 
4893 int sqlite3JournalIsInMemory(sqlite3_file *p);
4894 void sqlite3MemJournalOpen(sqlite3_file *);
4895 
4896 void sqlite3ExprSetHeightAndFlags(Parse *pParse, Expr *p);
4897 #if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
4898   int sqlite3SelectExprHeight(Select *);
4899   int sqlite3ExprCheckHeight(Parse*, int);
4900 #else
4901   #define sqlite3SelectExprHeight(x) 0
4902   #define sqlite3ExprCheckHeight(x,y)
4903 #endif
4904 
4905 u32 sqlite3Get4byte(const u8*);
4906 void sqlite3Put4byte(u8*, u32);
4907 
4908 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY
4909   void sqlite3ConnectionBlocked(sqlite3 *, sqlite3 *);
4910   void sqlite3ConnectionUnlocked(sqlite3 *db);
4911   void sqlite3ConnectionClosed(sqlite3 *db);
4912 #else
4913   #define sqlite3ConnectionBlocked(x,y)
4914   #define sqlite3ConnectionUnlocked(x)
4915   #define sqlite3ConnectionClosed(x)
4916 #endif
4917 
4918 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
4919   void sqlite3ParserTrace(FILE*, char *);
4920 #endif
4921 #if defined(YYCOVERAGE)
4922   int sqlite3ParserCoverage(FILE*);
4923 #endif
4924 
4925 /*
4926 ** If the SQLITE_ENABLE IOTRACE exists then the global variable
4927 ** sqlite3IoTrace is a pointer to a printf-like routine used to
4928 ** print I/O tracing messages.
4929 */
4930 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
4931 # define IOTRACE(A)  if( sqlite3IoTrace ){ sqlite3IoTrace A; }
4932   void sqlite3VdbeIOTraceSql(Vdbe*);
4933 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN void (SQLITE_CDECL *sqlite3IoTrace)(const char*,...);
4934 #else
4935 # define IOTRACE(A)
4936 # define sqlite3VdbeIOTraceSql(X)
4937 #endif
4938 
4939 /*
4940 ** These routines are available for the mem2.c debugging memory allocator
4941 ** only.  They are used to verify that different "types" of memory
4942 ** allocations are properly tracked by the system.
4943 **
4944 ** sqlite3MemdebugSetType() sets the "type" of an allocation to one of
4945 ** the MEMTYPE_* macros defined below.  The type must be a bitmask with
4946 ** a single bit set.
4947 **
4948 ** sqlite3MemdebugHasType() returns true if any of the bits in its second
4949 ** argument match the type set by the previous sqlite3MemdebugSetType().
4950 ** sqlite3MemdebugHasType() is intended for use inside assert() statements.
4951 **
4952 ** sqlite3MemdebugNoType() returns true if none of the bits in its second
4953 ** argument match the type set by the previous sqlite3MemdebugSetType().
4954 **
4955 ** Perhaps the most important point is the difference between MEMTYPE_HEAP
4956 ** and MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE.  If an allocation is MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE, that means
4957 ** it might have been allocated by lookaside, except the allocation was
4958 ** too large or lookaside was already full.  It is important to verify
4959 ** that allocations that might have been satisfied by lookaside are not
4960 ** passed back to non-lookaside free() routines.  Asserts such as the
4961 ** example above are placed on the non-lookaside free() routines to verify
4962 ** this constraint.
4963 **
4964 ** All of this is no-op for a production build.  It only comes into
4965 ** play when the SQLITE_MEMDEBUG compile-time option is used.
4966 */
4967 #ifdef SQLITE_MEMDEBUG
4968   void sqlite3MemdebugSetType(void*,u8);
4969   int sqlite3MemdebugHasType(void*,u8);
4970   int sqlite3MemdebugNoType(void*,u8);
4971 #else
4972 # define sqlite3MemdebugSetType(X,Y)  /* no-op */
4973 # define sqlite3MemdebugHasType(X,Y)  1
4974 # define sqlite3MemdebugNoType(X,Y)   1
4975 #endif
4976 #define MEMTYPE_HEAP       0x01  /* General heap allocations */
4977 #define MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE  0x02  /* Heap that might have been lookaside */
4978 #define MEMTYPE_PCACHE     0x04  /* Page cache allocations */
4979 
4980 /*
4981 ** Threading interface
4982 */
4983 #if SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS>0
4984 int sqlite3ThreadCreate(SQLiteThread**,void*(*)(void*),void*);
4985 int sqlite3ThreadJoin(SQLiteThread*, void**);
4986 #endif
4987 
4988 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
4989 int sqlite3DbpageRegister(sqlite3*);
4990 #endif
4991 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
4992 int sqlite3DbstatRegister(sqlite3*);
4993 #endif
4994 
4995 int sqlite3ExprVectorSize(Expr *pExpr);
4996 int sqlite3ExprIsVector(Expr *pExpr);
4997 Expr *sqlite3VectorFieldSubexpr(Expr*, int);
4998 Expr *sqlite3ExprForVectorField(Parse*,Expr*,int);
4999 void sqlite3VectorErrorMsg(Parse*, Expr*);
5000 
5001 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
5002 const char **sqlite3CompileOptions(int *pnOpt);
5003 #endif
5004 
5005 #endif /* SQLITEINT_H */
5006