xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqlite.h.in (revision fd779e2f)
1/*
2** 2001-09-15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32*/
33#ifndef SQLITE3_H
34#define SQLITE3_H
35#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36
37/*
38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39*/
40#ifdef __cplusplus
41extern "C" {
42#endif
43
44
45/*
46** Facilitate override of interface linkage and calling conventions.
47** Be aware that these macros may not be used within this particular
48** translation of the amalgamation and its associated header file.
49**
50** The SQLITE_EXTERN and SQLITE_API macros are used to instruct the
51** compiler that the target identifier should have external linkage.
52**
53** The SQLITE_CDECL macro is used to set the calling convention for
54** public functions that accept a variable number of arguments.
55**
56** The SQLITE_APICALL macro is used to set the calling convention for
57** public functions that accept a fixed number of arguments.
58**
59** The SQLITE_STDCALL macro is no longer used and is now deprecated.
60**
61** The SQLITE_CALLBACK macro is used to set the calling convention for
62** function pointers.
63**
64** The SQLITE_SYSAPI macro is used to set the calling convention for
65** functions provided by the operating system.
66**
67** Currently, the SQLITE_CDECL, SQLITE_APICALL, SQLITE_CALLBACK, and
68** SQLITE_SYSAPI macros are used only when building for environments
69** that require non-default calling conventions.
70*/
71#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
72# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
73#endif
74#ifndef SQLITE_API
75# define SQLITE_API
76#endif
77#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
78# define SQLITE_CDECL
79#endif
80#ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
81# define SQLITE_APICALL
82#endif
83#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
84# define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
85#endif
86#ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
87# define SQLITE_CALLBACK
88#endif
89#ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
90# define SQLITE_SYSAPI
91#endif
92
93/*
94** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
95** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
96** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
97** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
98** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
99**
100** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
101** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
102** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
103** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
104** noop macros.
105*/
106#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
107#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
108
109/*
110** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
111*/
112#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
113# undef SQLITE_VERSION
114#endif
115#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
116# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
117#endif
118
119/*
120** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
121**
122** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
123** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
124** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
125** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
126** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
127** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
128** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
129** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
130** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
131** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
132** and Z will be reset to zero.
133**
134** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
135** SQLite source code has been stored in the
136** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
137** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
138** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
139** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
140** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
141** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.  If the source code has
142** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
143** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
144**
145** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
146** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
147** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
148*/
149#define SQLITE_VERSION        "--VERS--"
150#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER--
151#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "--SOURCE-ID--"
152
153/*
154** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
155** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
156**
157** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
158** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
159** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
160** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
161** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
162** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
163** compiled with matching library and header files.
164**
165** <blockquote><pre>
166** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
167** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 );
168** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
169** </pre></blockquote>)^
170**
171** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
172** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
173** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
174** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
175** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
176** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
177** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
178** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
179** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.  Except if SQLite is built
180** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters
181** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^
182**
183** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
184*/
185SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
186const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
187const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
188int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
189
190/*
191** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
192**
193** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
194** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
195** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
196** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
197**
198** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
199** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
200** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
201** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
202** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
203** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
204**
205** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
206** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
207** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
208**
209** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
210** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
211*/
212#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
213int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
214const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
215#else
216# define sqlite3_compileoption_used(X) 0
217# define sqlite3_compileoption_get(X)  ((void*)0)
218#endif
219
220/*
221** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
222**
223** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
224** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
225** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
226**
227** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
228** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
229** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
230** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
231** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
232** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
233**
234** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
235** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
236** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
237** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
238**
239** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
240** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
241** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
242**
243** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
244** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
245** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
246** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
247** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
248** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
249** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
250** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
251** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
252** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
253**
254** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
255*/
256int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
257
258/*
259** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
260** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
261**
262** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
263** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
264** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
265** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
266** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
267** interfaces (such as
268** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
269** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
270** sqlite3 object.
271*/
272typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
273
274/*
275** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
276** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
277**
278** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
279** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
280**
281** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
282** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
283** compatibility only.
284**
285** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
286** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
287** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
288** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
289*/
290#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
291  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
292# ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
293    typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
294# else
295    typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
296# endif
297#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
298  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
299  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
300#else
301  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
302  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
303#endif
304typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
305typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
306
307/*
308** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
309** substitute integer for floating-point.
310*/
311#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
312# define double sqlite3_int64
313#endif
314
315/*
316** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
317** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
318**
319** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
320** for the [sqlite3] object.
321** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
322** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
323** resources are deallocated.
324**
325** Ideally, applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all
326** [prepared statements], [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
327** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
328** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
329** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
330** statements, BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then
331** sqlite3_close() will leave the database connection open and return
332** [SQLITE_BUSY]. ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared
333** statements, unclosed BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups,
334** it returns [SQLITE_OK] regardless, but instead of deallocating the database
335** connection immediately, it marks the database connection as an unusable
336** "zombie" and makes arrangements to automatically deallocate the database
337** connection after all prepared statements are finalized, all BLOB handles
338** are closed, and all backups have finished. The sqlite3_close_v2() interface
339** is intended for use with host languages that are garbage collected, and
340** where the order in which destructors are called is arbitrary.
341**
342** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
343** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
344**
345** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
346** must be either a NULL
347** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
348** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
349** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
350** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
351** argument is a harmless no-op.
352*/
353int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
354int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
355
356/*
357** The type for a callback function.
358** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
359** compatibility and is not documented.
360*/
361typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
362
363/*
364** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
365** METHOD: sqlite3
366**
367** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
368** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
369** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
370** without having to use a lot of C code.
371**
372** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
373** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
374** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
375** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
376** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
377** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
378** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
379** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
380** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
381** ignored.
382**
383** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
384** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
385** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
386** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
387** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
388** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
389** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
390** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
391** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
392** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
393** NULL before returning.
394**
395** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
396** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
397** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
398**
399** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
400** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
401** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
402** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
403** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
404** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
405** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
406** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
407** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
408**
409** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
410** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
411** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
412** is not changed.
413**
414** Restrictions:
415**
416** <ul>
417** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
418**      is a valid and open [database connection].
419** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
420**      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
421** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
422**      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
423** </ul>
424*/
425int sqlite3_exec(
426  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
427  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
428  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
429  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
430  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
431);
432
433/*
434** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
435** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
436**
437** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
438** here in order to indicate success or failure.
439**
440** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
441**
442** See also: [extended result code definitions]
443*/
444#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
445/* beginning-of-error-codes */
446#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* Generic error */
447#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
448#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
449#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
450#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
451#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
452#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
453#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
454#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
455#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
456#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
457#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
458#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
459#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
460#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
461#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Internal use only */
462#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
463#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
464#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
465#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
466#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
467#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
468#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
469#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Not used */
470#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
471#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
472#define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
473#define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
474#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
475#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
476/* end-of-error-codes */
477
478/*
479** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
480** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
481**
482** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
483** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
484** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
485** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
486** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
487** and later) include
488** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
489** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
490** on a per database connection basis using the
491** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
492** the most recent error can be obtained using
493** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
494*/
495#define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8))
496#define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY             (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8))
497#define SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT          (SQLITE_ERROR | (3<<8))
498#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
499#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
500#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
501#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
502#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
503#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
504#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
505#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
506#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
507#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
508#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
509#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
510#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
511#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
512#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
513#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
514#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
515#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
516#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
517#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
518#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
519#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
520#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
521#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
522#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
523#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
524#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
525#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
526#define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
527#define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
528#define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
529#define SQLITE_IOERR_DATA              (SQLITE_IOERR | (32<<8))
530#define SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS         (SQLITE_IOERR | (33<<8))
531#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
532#define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
533#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
534#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
535#define SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT            (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (3<<8))
536#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
537#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
538#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
539#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
540#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (5<<8)) /* Not Used */
541#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK        (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (6<<8))
542#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_EXISTS         (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (7<<8))
543#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
544#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
545#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX           (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (3<<8))
546#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
547#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
548#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
549#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
550#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
551#define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
552#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
553#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
554#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
555#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
556#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
557#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
558#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
559#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
560#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
561#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
562#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
563#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(11<<8))
564#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
565#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
566#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
567#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
568#define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
569#define SQLITE_OK_SYMLINK              (SQLITE_OK | (2<<8))
570
571/*
572** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
573**
574** These bit values are intended for use in the
575** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
576** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
577*/
578#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
579#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
580#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
581#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
582#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
583#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
584#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
585#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
586#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
587#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
588#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
589#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
590#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
591#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
592#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL    0x00004000  /* VFS only */
593#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
594#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
595#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
596#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
597#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
598#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW         0x01000000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
599
600/* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
601/* Legacy compatibility: */
602#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
603
604
605/*
606** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
607**
608** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
609** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
610** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
611** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
612** refers to.
613**
614** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
615** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
616** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
617** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
618** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
619** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
620** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
621** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
622** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
623** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
624** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
625** file that were written at the application level might have changed
626** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
627** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
628** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
629** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
630** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
631** elevated privileges.
632**
633** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying
634** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those
635** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and
636** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].
637*/
638#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
639#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
640#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
641#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
642#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
643#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
644#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
645#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
646#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
647#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
648#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
649#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
650#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
651#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
652#define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC           0x00004000
653
654/*
655** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
656**
657** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
658** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
659** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
660*/
661#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
662#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
663#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
664#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
665#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
666
667/*
668** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
669**
670** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
671** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
672** these integer values as the second argument.
673**
674** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
675** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
676** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
677** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
678** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
679** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
680**
681** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
682** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
683** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
684** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
685** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
686** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
687** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
688** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
689** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
690** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
691** cares about the difference.)
692*/
693#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
694#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
695#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
696
697/*
698** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
699**
700** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
701** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
702** implementations will
703** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
704** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
705** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
706** I/O operations on the open file.
707*/
708typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
709struct sqlite3_file {
710  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
711};
712
713/*
714** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
715**
716** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
717** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
718** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
719** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
720** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
721**
722** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
723** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
724** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
725** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
726** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
727** to NULL.
728**
729** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
730** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
731** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
732** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
733** and not its inode needs to be synced.
734**
735** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
736** <ul>
737** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
738** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
739** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
740** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
741** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
742** </ul>
743** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
744** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
745** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
746** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
747** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
748**
749** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
750** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
751** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
752** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
753** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
754** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
755** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
756** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
757** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
758** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
759** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
760** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
761** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
762** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
763** recognize.
764**
765** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
766** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
767** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
768** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
769** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
770** underlying device:
771**
772** <ul>
773** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
774** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
775** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
776** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
777** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
778** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
779** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
780** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
781** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
782** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
783** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
784** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
785** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
786** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
787** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC]
788** </ul>
789**
790** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
791** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
792** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
793** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
794** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
795** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
796** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
797** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
798** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
799** to xWrite().
800**
801** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
802** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
803** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
804** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
805** database corruption.
806*/
807typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
808struct sqlite3_io_methods {
809  int iVersion;
810  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
811  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
812  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
813  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
814  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
815  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
816  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
817  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
818  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
819  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
820  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
821  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
822  /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
823  int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
824  int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
825  void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
826  int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
827  /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
828  int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
829  int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
830  /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
831  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
832};
833
834/*
835** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
836** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
837**
838** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
839** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
840** interface.
841**
842** <ul>
843** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
844** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
845** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
846** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
847** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
848** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
849** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
850** compile-time option is used.
851**
852** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
853** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
854** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
855** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
856** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
857** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
858** file run faster.
859**
860** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT]]
861** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] opcode is used by in-memory VFS that
862** implements [sqlite3_deserialize()] to set an upper bound on the size
863** of the in-memory database.  The argument is a pointer to a [sqlite3_int64].
864** If the integer pointed to is negative, then it is filled in with the
865** current limit.  Otherwise the limit is set to the larger of the value
866** of the integer pointed to and the current database size.  The integer
867** pointed to is set to the new limit.
868**
869** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
870** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
871** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
872** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
873** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
874** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
875** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
876** improve performance on some systems.
877**
878** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
879** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
880** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
881** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
882**
883** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
884** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
885** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
886** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
887** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
888**
889** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
890** No longer in use.
891**
892** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
893** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
894** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
895** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
896** because the user has configured SQLite with
897** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
898** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
899** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
900** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
901** string containing the transactions super-journal file name. VFSes that
902** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
903** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
904** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
905**
906** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
907** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
908** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
909** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
910** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
911** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
912** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
913**
914** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
915** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
916** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
917** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
918** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
919** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
920** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
921** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
922** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
923** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
924** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
925** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second
926** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
927** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
928** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
929** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
930**
931** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
932** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
933** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
934** write ahead log ([WAL file]) and shared memory
935** files used for transaction control
936** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
937** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
938** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
939** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
940** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
941** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
942** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
943** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
944** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
945** WAL persistence setting.
946**
947** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
948** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
949** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
950** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
951** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
952** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
953** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
954** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
955** zero-damage mode setting.
956**
957** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
958** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
959** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
960** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
961** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
962**
963** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
964** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
965** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
966** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
967** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
968** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
969** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
970** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
971** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
972** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
973** is intended for diagnostic use only.
974**
975** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
976** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
977** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
978** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
979** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
980** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
981** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
982** upper-most shim only.
983**
984** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
985** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
986** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
987** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
988** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
989** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
990** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
991** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
992** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
993** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
994** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
995** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
996** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
997** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
998** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
999** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
1000** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
1001** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
1002** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
1003** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
1004** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
1005** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
1006** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
1007** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
1008**
1009** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
1010** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
1011** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
1012** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
1013** to the connection's busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void**)
1014** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
1015** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connection's
1016** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
1017** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
1018** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
1019** current operation.
1020**
1021** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
1022** ^Applications can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
1023** to have SQLite generate a
1024** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
1025** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
1026** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
1027** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
1028** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
1029**
1030** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
1031** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
1032** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
1033** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
1034** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
1035** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
1036** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
1037** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
1038** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
1039**
1040** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
1041** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
1042** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
1043** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
1044** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
1045** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
1046** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
1047**
1048** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
1049** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
1050** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
1051** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
1052** was first opened.
1053**
1054** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
1055** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
1056** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
1057** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
1058** writes the resulting value there.
1059**
1060** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
1061** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
1062** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
1063** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
1064** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
1065**
1066** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1067** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1068** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1069** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1070** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1071** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1072**
1073** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1074** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1075** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1076**
1077** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1078** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1079** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1080** this opcode.
1081**
1082** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1083** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then
1084** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which
1085** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done
1086** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].  Systems
1087** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
1088** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to
1089** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or
1090** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make
1091** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor
1092** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method
1093** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT].
1094**
1095** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1096** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1097** operations since the previous successful call to
1098** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically.
1099** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were
1100** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage.
1101** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes
1102** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent
1103** write operations are independent.
1104** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1105** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1106**
1107** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1108** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1109** operations since the previous successful call to
1110** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back.
1111** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode
1112** so that all subsequent write operations are independent.
1113** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1114** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1115**
1116** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT]]
1117** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT] opcode is used to configure a VFS
1118** to block for up to M milliseconds before failing when attempting to
1119** obtain a file lock using the xLock or xShmLock methods of the VFS.
1120** The parameter is a pointer to a 32-bit signed integer that contains
1121** the value that M is to be set to. Before returning, the 32-bit signed
1122** integer is overwritten with the previous value of M.
1123**
1124** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION]]
1125** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] opcode is used to detect changes to
1126** a database file.  The argument is a pointer to a 32-bit unsigned integer.
1127** The "data version" for the pager is written into the pointer.  The
1128** "data version" changes whenever any change occurs to the corresponding
1129** database file, either through SQL statements on the same database
1130** connection or through transactions committed by separate database
1131** connections possibly in other processes. The [sqlite3_total_changes()]
1132** interface can be used to find if any database on the connection has changed,
1133** but that interface responds to changes on TEMP as well as MAIN and does
1134** not provide a mechanism to detect changes to MAIN only.  Also, the
1135** [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface responds to internal changes only and
1136** omits changes made by other database connections.  The
1137** [PRAGMA data_version] command provides a mechanism to detect changes to
1138** a single attached database that occur due to other database connections,
1139** but omits changes implemented by the database connection on which it is
1140** called.  This file control is the only mechanism to detect changes that
1141** happen either internally or externally and that are associated with
1142** a particular attached database.
1143**
1144** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START]]
1145** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1146** in wal mode before the client starts to copy pages from the wal
1147** file to the database file.
1148**
1149** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE]]
1150** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1151** in wal mode after the client has finished copying pages from the wal
1152** file to the database file, but before the *-shm file is updated to
1153** record the fact that the pages have been checkpointed.
1154** </ul>
1155**
1156** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER]]
1157** The EXPERIMENTAL [SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER] opcode is used to detect
1158** whether or not there is a database client in another process with a wal-mode
1159** transaction open on the database or not. It is only available on unix.The
1160** (void*) argument passed with this file-control should be a pointer to a
1161** value of type (int). The integer value is set to 1 if the database is a wal
1162** mode database and there exists at least one client in another process that
1163** currently has an SQL transaction open on the database. It is set to 0 if
1164** the database is not a wal-mode db, or if there is no such connection in any
1165** other process. This opcode cannot be used to detect transactions opened
1166** by clients within the current process, only within other processes.
1167** </ul>
1168**
1169** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE]]
1170** Used by the cksmvfs VFS module only.
1171** </ul>
1172*/
1173#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1174#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1175#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1176#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1177#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1178#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1179#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1180#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1181#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1182#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1183#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1184#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1185#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1186#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1187#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1188#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1189#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1190#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1191#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1192#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1193#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1194#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1195#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1196#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1197#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1198#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1199#define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1200#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1201#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1202#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE     31
1203#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE    32
1204#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE  33
1205#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT           34
1206#define SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION           35
1207#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT             36
1208#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE              37
1209#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES          38
1210#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START             39
1211#define SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER        40
1212#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE              41
1213
1214/* deprecated names */
1215#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1216#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1217#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1218
1219
1220/*
1221** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1222**
1223** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1224** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1225** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1226** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1227**
1228** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1229*/
1230typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1231
1232/*
1233** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1234**
1235** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1236** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1237** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1238** on some platforms.
1239*/
1240typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1241
1242/*
1243** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1244**
1245** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1246** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1247** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1248** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1249**
1250** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto
1251** the end.  Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field
1252** is incremented.  The iVersion value started out as 1 in
1253** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2
1254** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased
1255** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6].  Additional fields
1256** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value
1257** may increase again in future versions of SQLite.
1258** Note that due to an oversight, the structure
1259** of the sqlite3_vfs object changed in the transition from
1260** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0]
1261** and yet the iVersion field was not increased.
1262**
1263** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1264** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1265** a pathname in this VFS.
1266**
1267** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1268** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1269** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1270** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1271** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1272** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1273**
1274** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1275** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1276** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1277** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1278** object once the object has been registered.
1279**
1280** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1281** be unique across all VFS modules.
1282**
1283** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1284** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1285** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1286** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1287** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1288** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1289** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1290** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1291** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1292** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1293** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1294** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1295** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1296** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1297** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1298** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1299**
1300** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1301** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1302** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1303** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1304** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1305** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1306**
1307** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1308** call, depending on the object being opened:
1309**
1310** <ul>
1311** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1312** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1313** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1314** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1315** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1316** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1317** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL]
1318** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1319** </ul>)^
1320**
1321** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1322** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1323** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1324** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1325** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1326** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1327** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1328** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1329**
1330** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1331**
1332** <ul>
1333** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1334** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1335** </ul>
1336**
1337** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1338** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1339** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1340** databases, and subjournals.
1341**
1342** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1343** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1344** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1345** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1346** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1347** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1348** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1349** for exclusive access.
1350**
1351** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1352** to hold the [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1353** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1354** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1355** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1356** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1357** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1358** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1359** or failure of the xOpen call.
1360**
1361** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1362** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1363** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1364** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1365** to test whether a file is at least readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ
1366** flag is never actually used and is not implemented in the built-in
1367** VFSes of SQLite.  The file is named by the second argument and can be a
1368** directory. The xAccess method returns [SQLITE_OK] on success or some
1369** non-zero error code if there is an I/O error or if the name of
1370** the file given in the second argument is illegal.  If SQLITE_OK
1371** is returned, then non-zero or zero is written into *pResOut to indicate
1372** whether or not the file is accessible.
1373**
1374** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1375** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1376** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1377** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1378** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1379** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1380**
1381** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1382** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1383** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1384** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1385** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1386** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1387** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1388** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1389** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1390** a floating point value.
1391** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1392** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1393** a 24-hour day).
1394** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1395** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1396** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1397** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1398**
1399** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1400** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1401** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1402** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1403** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1404** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1405** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1406** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1407** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1408** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1409** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1410*/
1411typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1412typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1413struct sqlite3_vfs {
1414  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1415  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1416  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1417  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1418  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1419  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1420  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1421               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1422  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1423  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1424  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1425  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1426  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1427  void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1428  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1429  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1430  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1431  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1432  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1433  /*
1434  ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1435  ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1436  */
1437  int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1438  /*
1439  ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1440  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1441  */
1442  int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1443  sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1444  const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1445  /*
1446  ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1447  ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1448  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1449  */
1450};
1451
1452/*
1453** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1454**
1455** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1456** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1457** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1458** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1459** simply checks whether the file exists.
1460** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1461** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1462** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1463** the directory).
1464** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1465** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1466** release of SQLite.
1467** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1468** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1469** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1470** SQLite.
1471*/
1472#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1473#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1474#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1475
1476/*
1477** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1478**
1479** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1480** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1481** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1482** xShmLock method:
1483**
1484** <ul>
1485** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1486** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1487** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1488** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1489** </ul>
1490**
1491** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1492** was given on the corresponding lock.
1493**
1494** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1495** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1496** and EXCLUSIVE.
1497*/
1498#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1499#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1500#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1501#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1502
1503/*
1504** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1505**
1506** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1507** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1508** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1509** lock outside of this range
1510*/
1511#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1512
1513
1514/*
1515** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1516**
1517** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1518** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1519** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1520** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1521** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1522** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1523**
1524** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1525** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1526** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1527** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1528** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1529** are harmless no-ops.)^
1530**
1531** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1532** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1533** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1534** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1535**
1536** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1537** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1538** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1539** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1540** sqlite3_shutdown().
1541**
1542** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1543** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1544** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1545**
1546** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1547** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1548** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1549** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1550**
1551** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1552** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1553** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1554** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1555** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1556** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1557** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1558** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1559** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1560** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1561** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1562** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1563** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1564** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1565**
1566** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1567** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1568** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1569** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1570** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1571** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1572** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1573**
1574** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1575** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1576** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1577** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1578** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1579** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1580** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1581** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1582** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1583** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1584** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1585** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1586** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1587** failure.
1588*/
1589int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1590int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1591int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1592int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1593
1594/*
1595** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1596**
1597** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1598** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1599** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1600** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1601** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1602**
1603** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1604** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1605** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1606**
1607** The sqlite3_config() interface
1608** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1609** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1610** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1611** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1612** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1613** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1614**
1615** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1616** [configuration option] that determines
1617** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1618** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1619** in the first argument.
1620**
1621** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1622** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1623** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1624*/
1625int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1626
1627/*
1628** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1629** METHOD: sqlite3
1630**
1631** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1632** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1633** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1634** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1635**
1636** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1637** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1638** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1639** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1640**
1641** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1642** the call is considered successful.
1643*/
1644int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1645
1646/*
1647** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1648**
1649** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1650** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1651**
1652** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1653** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1654** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1655** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1656** By creating an instance of this object
1657** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1658** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1659** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1660** dynamic memory needs.
1661**
1662** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1663** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1664** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1665** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1666** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1667** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1668** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1669** conditions.
1670**
1671** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1672** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1673** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1674** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1675**
1676** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1677** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1678** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1679**
1680** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1681** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1682** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1683** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1684** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1685** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1686** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1687**
1688** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1689** it might allocate any required mutexes or initialize internal data
1690** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1691** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1692** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1693** xInit and xShutdown.
1694**
1695** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN] mutex when it invokes
1696** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1697** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1698** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1699** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1700** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1701** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1702** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1703** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1704** serialization.
1705**
1706** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1707** call to xShutdown().
1708*/
1709typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1710struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1711  void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1712  void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1713  void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1714  int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1715  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1716  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1717  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1718  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1719};
1720
1721/*
1722** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1723** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1724**
1725** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1726** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1727**
1728** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1729** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1730** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1731** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1732** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1733** is invoked.
1734**
1735** <dl>
1736** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1737** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1738** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1739** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1740** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1741** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1742** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1743** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1744** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1745** configuration option.</dd>
1746**
1747** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1748** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1749** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1750** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1751** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1752** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1753** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1754** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1755** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1756** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1757** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1758** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1759** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1760**
1761** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1762** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1763** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1764** all mutexes including the recursive
1765** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1766** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1767** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1768** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1769** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1770** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1771** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1772** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1773** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1774** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1775** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1776**
1777** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1778** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1779** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1780** The argument specifies
1781** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1782** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1783** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1784** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1785**
1786** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1787** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1788** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1789** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1790** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1791** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1792** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1793** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1794**
1795** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC</dt>
1796** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes single argument of
1797** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to
1798** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible.
1799** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations,
1800** but some application might prefer to run slower in exchange for
1801** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large
1802** allocations are avoided.  This hint is normally off.
1803** </dd>
1804**
1805** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1806** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1807** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1808** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1809** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1810**   <ul>
1811**   <li> [sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64()]
1812**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1813**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1814**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1815**   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1816**   </ul>)^
1817** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1818** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1819** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1820** </dd>
1821**
1822** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1823** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used.
1824** </dd>
1825**
1826** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1827** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1828** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1829** cache implementation.
1830** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-defined page
1831** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1832** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1833** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1834** and the number of cache lines (N).
1835** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1836** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1837** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1838** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1839** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1840** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1841** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1842** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1843** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1844** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1845** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1846** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1847** is exhausted.
1848** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1849** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1850** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1851** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1852** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1853** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1854** additional cache line. </dd>
1855**
1856** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1857** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1858** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1859** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1860** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1861** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1862** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1863** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1864** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1865** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1866** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1867** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1868** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1869** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1870** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1871** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1872** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1873** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1874** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1875**
1876** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1877** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1878** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1879** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1880** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1881** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1882** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1883** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1884** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1885** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1886** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1887**
1888** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1889** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1890** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1891** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1892** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1893** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1894** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1895** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1896** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1897** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1898** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1899** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1900**
1901** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1902** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1903** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1904** The first argument is the
1905** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1906** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1907** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1908** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1909** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1910**
1911** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1912** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1913** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1914** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1915** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1916**
1917** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1918** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1919** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1920** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1921**
1922** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1923** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1924** global [error log].
1925** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1926** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1927** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1928** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1929** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1930** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1931** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1932** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1933** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1934** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1935** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1936** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1937** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1938** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1939** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1940** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1941**
1942** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1943** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1944** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1945** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1946** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1947** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1948** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1949** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1950** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1951** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1952** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1953** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1954** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1955**
1956** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1957** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1958** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1959** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1960** ^The default setting is determined
1961** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1962** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1963** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1964** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1965** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1966** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1967** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1968**
1969** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1970** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1971** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1972** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1973** </dd>
1974**
1975** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1976** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1977** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1978** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1979** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1980** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1981** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1982** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1983** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1984** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1985** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1986** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1987** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1988** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1989** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1990** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1991**
1992** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1993** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1994** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1995** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1996** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1997** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1998** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1999** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
2000** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
2001** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
2002** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
2003** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
2004** changed to its compile-time default.
2005**
2006** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
2007** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
2008** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
2009** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
2010** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
2011** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
2012**
2013** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
2014** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
2015** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
2016** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
2017** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
2018** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
2019** target platform, and SQLite version.
2020**
2021** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
2022** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
2023** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
2024** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
2025** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
2026** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
2027** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
2028** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
2029** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
2030** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
2031**
2032** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
2033** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
2034** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
2035** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
2036** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
2037** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
2038** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
2039** exclusively in memory.
2040** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
2041** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
2042** I/O required to support statement rollback.
2043** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
2044** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
2045**
2046** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE]]
2047** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE
2048** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option accepts a single parameter
2049** of type (int) - the new value of the sorter-reference size threshold.
2050** Usually, when SQLite uses an external sort to order records according
2051** to an ORDER BY clause, all fields required by the caller are present in the
2052** sorted records. However, if SQLite determines based on the declared type
2053** of a table column that its values are likely to be very large - larger
2054** than the configured sorter-reference size threshold - then a reference
2055** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded
2056** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default
2057** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a
2058** negative value for this option restores the default behaviour.
2059** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
2060** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option.
2061**
2062** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE]]
2063** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE
2064** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE option accepts a single parameter
2065** [sqlite3_int64] parameter which is the default maximum size for an in-memory
2066** database created using [sqlite3_deserialize()].  This default maximum
2067** size can be adjusted up or down for individual databases using the
2068** [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] [sqlite3_file_control|file-control].  If this
2069** configuration setting is never used, then the default maximum is determined
2070** by the [SQLITE_MEMDB_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE] compile-time option.  If that
2071** compile-time option is not set, then the default maximum is 1073741824.
2072** </dl>
2073*/
2074#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
2075#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
2076#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
2077#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2078#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2079#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* No longer used */
2080#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
2081#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
2082#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
2083#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2084#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2085/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
2086#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
2087#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
2088#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
2089#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
2090#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
2091#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2092#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2093#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
2094#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
2095#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
2096#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
2097#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
2098#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
2099#define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
2100#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC        27  /* boolean */
2101#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE      28  /* int nByte */
2102#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE       29  /* sqlite3_int64 */
2103
2104/*
2105** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
2106**
2107** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
2108** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
2109**
2110** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
2111** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
2112** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
2113** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
2114** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
2115** is invoked.
2116**
2117** <dl>
2118** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
2119** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
2120** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
2121** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
2122** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
2123** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
2124** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
2125** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
2126** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
2127** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
2128** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
2129** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
2130** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
2131** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
2132** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
2133** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
2134** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
2135** when the "current value" returned by
2136** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
2137** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
2138** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
2139** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
2140**
2141** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]]
2142** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
2143** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
2144** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
2145** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
2146** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
2147** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2148** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
2149** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2150** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
2151**
2152** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER]]
2153** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
2154** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
2155** There should be two additional arguments.
2156** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
2157** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2158** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2159** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
2160** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2161** which case the trigger setting is not reported back.
2162**
2163** <p>Originally this option disabled all triggers.  ^(However, since
2164** SQLite version 3.35.0, TEMP triggers are still allowed even if
2165** this option is off.  So, in other words, this option now only disables
2166** triggers in the main database schema or in the schemas of ATTACH-ed
2167** databases.)^ </dd>
2168**
2169** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW]]
2170** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW</dt>
2171** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE VIEW | views].
2172** There should be two additional arguments.
2173** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable views,
2174** positive to enable views or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2175** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2176** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether views are disabled or enabled
2177** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2178** which case the view setting is not reported back.
2179**
2180** <p>Originally this option disabled all views.  ^(However, since
2181** SQLite version 3.35.0, TEMP views are still allowed even if
2182** this option is off.  So, in other words, this option now only disables
2183** views in the main database schema or in the schemas of ATTACH-ed
2184** databases.)^ </dd>
2185**
2186** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER]]
2187** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
2188** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the
2189** [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
2190** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
2191** There should be two additional arguments.
2192** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
2193** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
2194** unchanged.
2195** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2196** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
2197** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2198** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
2199**
2200** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION]]
2201** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
2202** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
2203** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
2204** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
2205** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
2206** There should be two additional arguments.
2207** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
2208** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
2209** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
2210** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
2211** C-API or the SQL function.
2212** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2213** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
2214** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
2215** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
2216** </dd>
2217**
2218** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
2219** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
2220** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
2221** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
2222** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
2223** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
2224** until after the database connection closes.
2225** </dd>
2226**
2227** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]]
2228** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
2229** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2230** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2231** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2232** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2233** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2234** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2235** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2236** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2237** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2238** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2239** </dd>
2240**
2241** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
2242** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
2243** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,
2244** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless
2245** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations
2246** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries
2247** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
2248** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
2249** was used during testing in the lab.
2250** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2251** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
2252** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2253** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
2254** following this call.
2255** </dd>
2256**
2257** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
2258** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not
2259** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
2260** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
2261** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
2262** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
2263** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2264** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written
2265** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if
2266** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.
2267** </dd>
2268**
2269** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
2270** <dd> Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run
2271** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database
2272** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for
2273** a badly corrupted database file:
2274** <ol>
2275** <li> If the database connection is newly opened, make sure it has read the
2276**      database schema by preparing then discarding some query against the
2277**      database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any
2278**      errors.  This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep
2279**      the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before
2280**      the reset.
2281** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
2282** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
2283** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
2284** </ol>
2285** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the
2286** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to help
2287** ensure that it does not happen by accident.
2288**
2289** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE</dt>
2290** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the
2291** "defensive" flag for a database connection.  When the defensive
2292** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to
2293** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.  The disabled
2294** features include but are not limited to the following:
2295** <ul>
2296** <li> The [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] statement.
2297** <li> The [PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF] statement.
2298** <li> Writes to the [sqlite_dbpage] virtual table.
2299** <li> Direct writes to [shadow tables].
2300** </ul>
2301** </dd>
2302**
2303** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA</dt>
2304** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA option activates or deactivates the
2305** "writable_schema" flag. This has the same effect and is logically equivalent
2306** to setting [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] or [PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF].
2307** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2308** the writable_schema, positive to enable writable_schema, or negative to
2309** leave the setting unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an
2310** integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the writable_schema
2311** is enabled or disabled following this call.
2312** </dd>
2313**
2314** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE]]
2315** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE</dt>
2316** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE option activates or deactivates
2317** the legacy behavior of the [ALTER TABLE RENAME] command such it
2318** behaves as it did prior to [version 3.24.0] (2018-06-04).  See the
2319** "Compatibility Notice" on the [ALTER TABLE RENAME documentation] for
2320** additional information. This feature can also be turned on and off
2321** using the [PRAGMA legacy_alter_table] statement.
2322** </dd>
2323**
2324** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML]]
2325** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML</td>
2326** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML option activates or deactivates
2327** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DML statements
2328** only, that is DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, and UPDATE statements. The
2329** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2330** compile-time option.
2331** </dd>
2332**
2333** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL]]
2334** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</td>
2335** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates
2336** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements,
2337** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The
2338** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2339** compile-time option.
2340** </dd>
2341**
2342** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA]]
2343** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA</td>
2344** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option tells SQLite to
2345** assume that database schemas are untainted by malicious content.
2346** When the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option is disabled, SQLite
2347** takes additional defensive steps to protect the application from harm
2348** including:
2349** <ul>
2350** <li> Prohibit the use of SQL functions inside triggers, views,
2351** CHECK constraints, DEFAULT clauses, expression indexes,
2352** partial indexes, or generated columns
2353** unless those functions are tagged with [SQLITE_INNOCUOUS].
2354** <li> Prohibit the use of virtual tables inside of triggers or views
2355** unless those virtual tables are tagged with [SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS].
2356** </ul>
2357** This setting defaults to "on" for legacy compatibility, however
2358** all applications are advised to turn it off if possible. This setting
2359** can also be controlled using the [PRAGMA trusted_schema] statement.
2360** </dd>
2361**
2362** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT]]
2363** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT</td>
2364** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT option activates or deactivates
2365** the legacy file format flag.  When activated, this flag causes all newly
2366** created database file to have a schema format version number (the 4-byte
2367** integer found at offset 44 into the database header) of 1.  This in turn
2368** means that the resulting database file will be readable and writable by
2369** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]).  Without this setting,
2370** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions
2371** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]).  As these words are written, there
2372** is now scarcely any need to generated database files that are compatible
2373** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little
2374** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the
2375** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with  version
2376** 3.0.0.
2377** <p>Note that when the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT setting is on,
2378** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to
2379** process a table with generated columns and a descending index.  This is
2380** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support
2381** either generated columns or decending indexes.
2382** </dd>
2383** </dl>
2384*/
2385#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2386#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2387#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2388#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2389#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2390#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2391#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2392#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           1007 /* int int* */
2393#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           1008 /* int int* */
2394#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
2395#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
2396#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       1011 /* int int* */
2397#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    1012 /* int int* */
2398#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               1013 /* int int* */
2399#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               1014 /* int int* */
2400#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           1015 /* int int* */
2401#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    1016 /* int int* */
2402#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA        1017 /* int int* */
2403#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1017 /* Largest DBCONFIG */
2404
2405/*
2406** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2407** METHOD: sqlite3
2408**
2409** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2410** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2411** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2412*/
2413int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2414
2415/*
2416** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2417** METHOD: sqlite3
2418**
2419** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2420** has a unique 64-bit signed
2421** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2422** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2423** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2424** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2425** is another alias for the rowid.
2426**
2427** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2428** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2429** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2430** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2431** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2432** zero.
2433**
2434** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2435** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2436** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2437**
2438** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2439** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2440** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2441** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2442** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2443** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2444** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2445** control to the user.
2446**
2447** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2448** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2449** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2450** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2451**
2452** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2453** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2454** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2455** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2456** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2457** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2458** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2459** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2460** the return value of this interface.)^
2461**
2462** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2463** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2464**
2465** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2466** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2467**
2468** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2469** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2470** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2471** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2472** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2473** last insert [rowid].
2474*/
2475sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2476
2477/*
2478** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2479** METHOD: sqlite3
2480**
2481** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2482** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2483** without inserting a row into the database.
2484*/
2485void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2486
2487/*
2488** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2489** METHOD: sqlite3
2490**
2491** ^These functions return the number of rows modified, inserted or
2492** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2493** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2494** The two functions are identical except for the type of the return value
2495** and that if the number of rows modified by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE
2496** or DELETE is greater than the maximum value supported by type "int", then
2497** the return value of sqlite3_changes() is undefined. ^Executing any other
2498** type of SQL statement does not modify the value returned by these functions.
2499**
2500** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2501** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2502** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2503**
2504** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2505** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2506** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2507** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2508** tables are counted.
2509**
2510** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2511** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2512** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2513** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2514**
2515** <ul>
2516**   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2517**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2518**        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2519**
2520**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2521**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2522**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2523**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2524**        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2525** </ul>
2526**
2527** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2528** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2529** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2530** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2531** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2532** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2533**
2534** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2535** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2536** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2537**
2538** See also:
2539** <ul>
2540** <li> the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface
2541** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2542** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2543** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2544** </ul>
2545*/
2546int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2547sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_changes64(sqlite3*);
2548
2549/*
2550** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2551** METHOD: sqlite3
2552**
2553** ^These functions return the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2554** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2555** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2556** part of trigger programs. The two functions are identical except for the
2557** type of the return value and that if the number of rows modified by the
2558** connection exceeds the maximum value supported by type "int", then
2559** the return value of sqlite3_total_changes() is undefined. ^Executing
2560** any other type of SQL statement does not affect the value returned by
2561** sqlite3_total_changes().
2562**
2563** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2564** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2565** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2566** are not counted.
2567**
2568** The [sqlite3_total_changes(D)] interface only reports the number
2569** of rows that changed due to SQL statement run against database
2570** connection D.  Any changes by other database connections are ignored.
2571** To detect changes against a database file from other database
2572** connections use the [PRAGMA data_version] command or the
2573** [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control].
2574**
2575** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2576** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2577** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2578**
2579** See also:
2580** <ul>
2581** <li> the [sqlite3_changes()] interface
2582** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2583** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2584** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2585** <li> the [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control]
2586** </ul>
2587*/
2588int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2589sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_total_changes64(sqlite3*);
2590
2591/*
2592** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2593** METHOD: sqlite3
2594**
2595** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2596** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2597** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2598** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2599** immediately.
2600**
2601** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2602** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2603** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2604** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2605**
2606** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2607** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2608** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2609**
2610** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2611** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2612** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2613** will be rolled back automatically.
2614**
2615** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2616** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2617** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2618** running statement count reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2619** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2620** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2621** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2622** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2623** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2624** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2625*/
2626void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2627
2628/*
2629** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2630**
2631** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2632** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2633** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2634** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2635** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2636** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2637** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2638** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2639** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2640** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2641** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2642**
2643** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2644** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2645**
2646** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2647** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2648**
2649** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2650** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2651** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2652** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2653** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2654**
2655** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2656** UTF-8 string.
2657**
2658** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2659** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2660*/
2661int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2662int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2663
2664/*
2665** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2666** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2667** METHOD: sqlite3
2668**
2669** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2670** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2671** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2672** [database connection] D when another thread
2673** or process has the table locked.
2674** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2675** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2676**
2677** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2678** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2679** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2680**
2681** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2682** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2683** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2684** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2685** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2686** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2687** to the application.
2688** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2689** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2690**
2691** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2692** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2693** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2694** to the application instead of invoking the
2695** busy handler.
2696** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2697** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2698** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2699** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2700** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2701** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2702** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2703** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2704** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2705** the second process to proceed.
2706**
2707** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2708**
2709** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2710** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2711** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2712** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2713** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2714**
2715** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2716** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2717** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2718** result in undefined behavior.
2719**
2720** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2721** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2722*/
2723int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2724
2725/*
2726** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2727** METHOD: sqlite3
2728**
2729** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2730** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2731** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2732** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2733** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2734** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2735**
2736** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2737** turns off all busy handlers.
2738**
2739** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2740** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2741** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2742** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2743**
2744** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2745*/
2746int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2747
2748/*
2749** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2750** METHOD: sqlite3
2751**
2752** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2753** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2754**
2755** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2756** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2757** complete query results from one or more queries.
2758**
2759** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2760** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2761** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2762** and M be the number of columns.
2763**
2764** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2765** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2766** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2767** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2768** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2769** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2770**
2771** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2772** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2773** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2774**
2775** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2776** is as follows:
2777**
2778** <blockquote><pre>
2779**        Name        | Age
2780**        -----------------------
2781**        Alice       | 43
2782**        Bob         | 28
2783**        Cindy       | 21
2784** </pre></blockquote>
2785**
2786** There are two columns (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2787** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2788** in an array named azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2789**
2790** <blockquote><pre>
2791**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2792**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2793**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2794**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2795**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2796**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2797**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2798**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2799** </pre></blockquote>)^
2800**
2801** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2802** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2803** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2804** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2805**
2806** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2807** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2808** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2809** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2810** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2811** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2812**
2813** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2814** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2815** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2816** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2817** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2818** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2819** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2820*/
2821int sqlite3_get_table(
2822  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2823  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2824  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2825  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2826  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2827  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2828);
2829void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2830
2831/*
2832** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2833**
2834** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2835** from the standard C library.
2836** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from
2837** the standard library printf()
2838** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]).
2839** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details.
2840**
2841** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2842** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()].
2843** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2844** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2845** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough
2846** memory to hold the resulting string.
2847**
2848** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2849** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2850** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2851** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2852** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2853** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2854** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2855** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2856** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2857** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2858** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2859** now without breaking compatibility.
2860**
2861** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2862** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2863** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2864** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2865** written will be n-1 characters.
2866**
2867** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2868**
2869** See also:  [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function]
2870*/
2871char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2872char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2873char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2874char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2875
2876/*
2877** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2878**
2879** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2880** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2881** does not include operating-system specific [VFS] implementation.  The
2882** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2883**
2884** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2885** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2886** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2887** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2888** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2889** a NULL pointer.
2890**
2891** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2892** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2893** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2894**
2895** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2896** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2897** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2898** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2899** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2900** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2901** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2902** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2903** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2904** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2905**
2906** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2907** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2908** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2909** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2910** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2911** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2912** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2913** sqlite3_free(X).
2914** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2915** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2916** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2917** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2918** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2919** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2920** prior allocation is not freed.
2921**
2922** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2923** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2924** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2925**
2926** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2927** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2928** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2929** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2930** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2931** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2932** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2933** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2934** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2935**
2936** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2937** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2938** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2939** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2940** option is used.
2941**
2942** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2943** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2944** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2945** not yet been released.
2946**
2947** The application must not read or write any part of
2948** a block of memory after it has been released using
2949** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2950*/
2951void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2952void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2953void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2954void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2955void sqlite3_free(void*);
2956sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2957
2958/*
2959** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2960**
2961** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2962** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2963** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2964**
2965** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2966** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2967** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2968** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2969** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2970** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2971** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2972** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2973** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2974**
2975** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2976** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2977** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2978** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2979** prior to the reset.
2980*/
2981sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2982sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2983
2984/*
2985** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2986**
2987** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2988** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2989** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2990** the built-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2991** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2992**
2993** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2994** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2995**
2996** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2997** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2998** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2999** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
3000** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
3001** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
3002** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
3003** method.
3004*/
3005void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
3006
3007/*
3008** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
3009** METHOD: sqlite3
3010** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback}
3011**
3012** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
3013** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
3014** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
3015** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
3016** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
3017** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].  ^At various
3018** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
3019** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
3020** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
3021** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
3022** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
3023** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
3024** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
3025** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
3026** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
3027** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
3028**
3029** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
3030** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
3031** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
3032** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
3033** access is denied.
3034**
3035** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
3036** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
3037** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
3038** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
3039** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings
3040** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized.
3041** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any
3042** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback.
3043**
3044** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
3045** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
3046** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
3047** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
3048** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
3049** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
3050** columns of a table.
3051** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are
3052** extracted from that table (for example in a query like
3053** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback
3054** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string.
3055** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
3056** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
3057** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
3058**
3059** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
3060** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
3061** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
3062** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
3063** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
3064** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
3065** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
3066** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
3067** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
3068** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
3069**
3070** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
3071** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
3072** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
3073** in addition to using an authorizer.
3074**
3075** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
3076** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
3077** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
3078** The authorizer is disabled by default.
3079**
3080** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
3081** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
3082** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3083** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3084**
3085** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
3086** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
3087** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
3088** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
3089**
3090** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
3091** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
3092** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
3093** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
3094** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
3095*/
3096int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
3097  sqlite3*,
3098  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
3099  void *pUserData
3100);
3101
3102/*
3103** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
3104**
3105** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
3106** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
3107** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
3108** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
3109** information.
3110**
3111** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
3112** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
3113*/
3114#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
3115#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
3116
3117/*
3118** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
3119**
3120** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
3121** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
3122** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
3123** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
3124** the authorizer callback may be passed.
3125**
3126** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
3127** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
3128** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
3129** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
3130** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
3131** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
3132** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
3133** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
3134** top-level SQL code.
3135*/
3136/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
3137#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3138#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3139#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3140#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3141#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3142#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
3143#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3144#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
3145#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3146#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3147#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3148#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3149#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3150#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3151#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
3152#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3153#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
3154#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3155#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
3156#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3157#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
3158#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
3159#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3160#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
3161#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
3162#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
3163#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
3164#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3165#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3166#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3167#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
3168#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
3169#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
3170#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
3171
3172/*
3173** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
3174** METHOD: sqlite3
3175**
3176** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
3177** instead of the routines described here.
3178**
3179** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
3180** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
3181**
3182** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
3183** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
3184** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
3185** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
3186** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
3187** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
3188** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
3189**
3190** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
3191** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
3192**
3193** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
3194** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
3195** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
3196** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
3197** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
3198** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
3199** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
3200** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  Invoking
3201** either [sqlite3_trace()] or [sqlite3_trace_v2()] will cancel the
3202** profile callback.
3203*/
3204SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
3205   void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
3206SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
3207   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
3208
3209/*
3210** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
3211** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
3212**
3213** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
3214** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The M argument
3215** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
3216** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
3217** is one of the following constants.
3218**
3219** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
3220**
3221** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
3222** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
3223** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
3224** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
3225** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3226**
3227** <dl>
3228** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
3229** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
3230** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
3231** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
3232** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
3233** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
3234** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
3235** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
3236** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
3237** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
3238** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
3239**
3240** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
3241** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
3242** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
3243** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3244** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
3245** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
3246** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
3247**
3248** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
3249** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
3250** statement generates a single row of result.
3251** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3252** X argument is unused.
3253**
3254** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
3255** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
3256** connection closes.
3257** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
3258** and the X argument is unused.
3259** </dl>
3260*/
3261#define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
3262#define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
3263#define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
3264#define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
3265
3266/*
3267** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
3268** METHOD: sqlite3
3269**
3270** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
3271** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
3272** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
3273** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
3274** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
3275** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
3276**
3277** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
3278** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
3279**
3280** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
3281** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
3282** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
3283** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
3284**
3285** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
3286** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
3287** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
3288** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
3289** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3290**
3291** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
3292** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
3293** are deprecated.
3294*/
3295int sqlite3_trace_v2(
3296  sqlite3*,
3297  unsigned uMask,
3298  int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
3299  void *pCtx
3300);
3301
3302/*
3303** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
3304** METHOD: sqlite3
3305**
3306** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
3307** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
3308** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
3309** database connection D.  An example use for this
3310** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
3311**
3312** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
3313** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
3314** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
3315** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
3316** handler is disabled.
3317**
3318** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
3319** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
3320** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
3321** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
3322** than 1.
3323**
3324** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
3325** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
3326** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
3327**
3328** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
3329** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
3330** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3331** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3332**
3333*/
3334void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
3335
3336/*
3337** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
3338** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3339**
3340** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3341** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3342** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3343** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3344** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3345** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3346** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3347** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3348** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3349** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3350** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3351** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3352**
3353** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3354** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3355** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3356**
3357** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3358** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3359** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3360**
3361** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3362** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3363** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3364** sqlite3_open_v2() must include, at a minimum, one of the following
3365** three flag combinations:)^
3366**
3367** <dl>
3368** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3369** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3370** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3371**
3372** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3373** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3374** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3375** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3376**
3377** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3378** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3379** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3380** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3381** </dl>
3382**
3383** In addition to the required flags, the following optional flags are
3384** also supported:
3385**
3386** <dl>
3387** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_URI]</dt>
3388** <dd>The filename can be interpreted as a URI if this flag is set.</dd>)^
3389**
3390** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY]</dt>
3391** <dd>The database will be opened as an in-memory database.  The database
3392** is named by the "filename" argument for the purposes of cache-sharing,
3393** if shared cache mode is enabled, but the "filename" is otherwise ignored.
3394** </dd>)^
3395**
3396** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX]</dt>
3397** <dd>The new database connection will use the "multi-thread"
3398** [threading mode].)^  This means that separate threads are allowed
3399** to use SQLite at the same time, as long as each thread is using
3400** a different [database connection].
3401**
3402** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX]</dt>
3403** <dd>The new database connection will use the "serialized"
3404** [threading mode].)^  This means the multiple threads can safely
3405** attempt to use the same database connection at the same time.
3406** (Mutexes will block any actual concurrency, but in this mode
3407** there is no harm in trying.)
3408**
3409** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE]</dt>
3410** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] enabled, overriding
3411** the default shared cache setting provided by
3412** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3413**
3414** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE]</dt>
3415** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] disabled, overriding
3416** the default shared cache setting provided by
3417** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3418**
3419** [[OPEN_NOFOLLOW]] ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW]</dt>
3420** <dd>The database filename is not allowed to be a symbolic link</dd>
3421**
3422** [[OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]] ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]</dt>
3423** <dd>This flag causes the open to fail if the database file already
3424** exists.  The open will only be success if this flag is used in combination
3425** with the SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE and SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE flags and if
3426** the file does not previously exist.</dd>
3427** </dl>)^
3428**
3429** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3430** required combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3431** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3432** then the behavior is undefined.
3433**
3434** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3435** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3436** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3437** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3438**
3439** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3440** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3441** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3442** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3443** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3444** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3445** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3446**
3447** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3448** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3449** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3450**
3451** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3452**
3453** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3454** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3455** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3456** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3457** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3458** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3459** URI filename interpretation is turned off
3460** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3461** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3462** information.
3463**
3464** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3465** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3466** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3467** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3468** present, is ignored.
3469**
3470** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3471** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3472** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3473** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3474** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3475** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3476** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3477**
3478** [[core URI query parameters]]
3479** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3480** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3481** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3482** following query parameters:
3483**
3484** <ul>
3485**   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3486**     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3487**     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3488**     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3489**     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3490**     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3491**     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3492**
3493**   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3494**     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3495**     an error)^.
3496**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3497**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3498**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3499**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3500**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3501**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3502**     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3503**     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3504**     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3505**     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3506**     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3507**
3508**   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3509**     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3510**     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3511**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3512**     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3513**     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3514**     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3515**     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3516**
3517**  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3518**     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3519**     storage media on which the database file resides.
3520**
3521**  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3522**     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3523**     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3524**     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3525**     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3526**     processes uses nolock=1.
3527**
3528**  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3529**     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3530**     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3531**     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3532**     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3533**     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3534**     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3535**     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3536**     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3537**
3538** </ul>
3539**
3540** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3541** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3542** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3543** additional information.
3544**
3545** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3546**
3547** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3548** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3549** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3550**          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3551** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3552**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3553**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3554**          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3555** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3556**          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3557** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3558**          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3559**     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3560**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3561**          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3562**          in URI filenames.
3563** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3564**          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3565**          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3566**          default, use a private cache.
3567** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3568**          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3569**          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3570** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3571**          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3572**          Use "ro" instead:  "file:data.db?mode=ro".
3573** </table>
3574**
3575** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3576** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3577** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3578** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3579** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3580** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3581** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3582** the results are undefined.
3583**
3584** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3585** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3586** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3587** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3588** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3589**
3590** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3591** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3592** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3593**
3594** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3595*/
3596int sqlite3_open(
3597  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3598  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3599);
3600int sqlite3_open16(
3601  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3602  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3603);
3604int sqlite3_open_v2(
3605  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3606  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3607  int flags,              /* Flags */
3608  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3609);
3610
3611/*
3612** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3613**
3614** These are utility routines, useful to [VFS|custom VFS implementations],
3615** that check if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3616** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3617**
3618** The first parameter to these interfaces (hereafter referred to
3619** as F) must be one of:
3620** <ul>
3621** <li> A database filename pointer created by the SQLite core and
3622** passed into the xOpen() method of a VFS implemention, or
3623** <li> A filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], or
3624** <li> A new filename constructed using [sqlite3_create_filename()].
3625** </ul>
3626** If the F parameter is not one of the above, then the behavior is
3627** undefined and probably undesirable.  Older versions of SQLite were
3628** more tolerant of invalid F parameters than newer versions.
3629**
3630** If F is a suitable filename (as described in the previous paragraph)
3631** and if P is the name of the query parameter, then
3632** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3633** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3634** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F and it
3635** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3636** a pointer to an empty string.
3637**
3638** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3639** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3640** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3641** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3642** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3643** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3644** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3645** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3646** parameter on F or if the value of P does not match any of the
3647** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3648**
3649** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3650** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3651** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3652** zero is returned.
3653**
3654** The sqlite3_uri_key(F,N) returns a pointer to the name (not
3655** the value) of the N-th query parameter for filename F, or a NULL
3656** pointer if N is less than zero or greater than the number of query
3657** parameters minus 1.  The N value is zero-based so N should be 0 to obtain
3658** the name of the first query parameter, 1 for the second parameter, and
3659** so forth.
3660**
3661** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3662** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3663** is not a database file pathname pointer that the SQLite core passed
3664** into the xOpen VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined
3665** and probably undesirable.
3666**
3667** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.31.0] ([dateof:3.31.0]) the input F
3668** parameter can also be the name of a rollback journal file or WAL file
3669** in addition to the main database file.  Prior to version 3.31.0, these
3670** routines would only work if F was the name of the main database file.
3671** When the F parameter is the name of the rollback journal or WAL file,
3672** it has access to all the same query parameters as were found on the
3673** main database file.
3674**
3675** See the [URI filename] documentation for additional information.
3676*/
3677const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3678int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3679sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3680const char *sqlite3_uri_key(const char *zFilename, int N);
3681
3682/*
3683** CAPI3REF:  Translate filenames
3684**
3685** These routines are available to [VFS|custom VFS implementations] for
3686** translating filenames between the main database file, the journal file,
3687** and the WAL file.
3688**
3689** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3690** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, then sqlite3_filename_database(F)
3691** returns the name of the corresponding database file.
3692**
3693** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3694** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database filename
3695** obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then sqlite3_filename_journal(F)
3696** returns the name of the corresponding rollback journal file.
3697**
3698** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3699** that was passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database
3700** filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then
3701** sqlite3_filename_wal(F) returns the name of the corresponding
3702** WAL file.
3703**
3704** In all of the above, if F is not the name of a database, journal or WAL
3705** filename passed into the VFS from the SQLite core and F is not the
3706** return value from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then the result is
3707** undefined and is likely a memory access violation.
3708*/
3709const char *sqlite3_filename_database(const char*);
3710const char *sqlite3_filename_journal(const char*);
3711const char *sqlite3_filename_wal(const char*);
3712
3713/*
3714** CAPI3REF:  Database File Corresponding To A Journal
3715**
3716** ^If X is the name of a rollback or WAL-mode journal file that is
3717** passed into the xOpen method of [sqlite3_vfs], then
3718** sqlite3_database_file_object(X) returns a pointer to the [sqlite3_file]
3719** object that represents the main database file.
3720**
3721** This routine is intended for use in custom [VFS] implementations
3722** only.  It is not a general-purpose interface.
3723** The argument sqlite3_file_object(X) must be a filename pointer that
3724** has been passed into [sqlite3_vfs].xOpen method where the
3725** flags parameter to xOpen contains one of the bits
3726** [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL] or [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL].  Any other use
3727** of this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable
3728** behavior.
3729*/
3730sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*);
3731
3732/*
3733** CAPI3REF: Create and Destroy VFS Filenames
3734**
3735** These interfces are provided for use by [VFS shim] implementations and
3736** are not useful outside of that context.
3737**
3738** The sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) allocates memory to hold a version of
3739** database filename D with corresponding journal file J and WAL file W and
3740** with N URI parameters key/values pairs in the array P.  The result from
3741** sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) is a pointer to a database filename that
3742** is safe to pass to routines like:
3743** <ul>
3744** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()],
3745** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()],
3746** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()],
3747** <li> [sqlite3_uri_key()],
3748** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()],
3749** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()], or
3750** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()].
3751** </ul>
3752** If a memory allocation error occurs, sqlite3_create_filename() might
3753** return a NULL pointer.  The memory obtained from sqlite3_create_filename(X)
3754** must be released by a corresponding call to sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3755**
3756** The P parameter in sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) should be an array
3757** of 2*N pointers to strings.  Each pair of pointers in this array corresponds
3758** to a key and value for a query parameter.  The P parameter may be a NULL
3759** pointer if N is zero.  None of the 2*N pointers in the P array may be
3760** NULL pointers and key pointers should not be empty strings.
3761** None of the D, J, or W parameters to sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) may
3762** be NULL pointers, though they can be empty strings.
3763**
3764** The sqlite3_free_filename(Y) routine releases a memory allocation
3765** previously obtained from sqlite3_create_filename().  Invoking
3766** sqlite3_free_filename(Y) where Y is a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
3767**
3768** If the Y parameter to sqlite3_free_filename(Y) is anything other
3769** than a NULL pointer or a pointer previously acquired from
3770** sqlite3_create_filename(), then bad things such as heap
3771** corruption or segfaults may occur. The value Y should not be
3772** used again after sqlite3_free_filename(Y) has been called.  This means
3773** that if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen()] method of a VFS has been called using Y,
3774** then the corresponding [sqlite3_module.xClose() method should also be
3775** invoked prior to calling sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3776*/
3777char *sqlite3_create_filename(
3778  const char *zDatabase,
3779  const char *zJournal,
3780  const char *zWal,
3781  int nParam,
3782  const char **azParam
3783);
3784void sqlite3_free_filename(char*);
3785
3786/*
3787** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3788** METHOD: sqlite3
3789**
3790** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3791** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3792** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3793** API call.
3794** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3795** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3796** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3797** disabled.
3798**
3799** The values returned by sqlite3_errcode() and/or
3800** sqlite3_extended_errcode() might change with each API call.
3801** Except, there are some interfaces that are guaranteed to never
3802** change the value of the error code.  The error-code preserving
3803** interfaces are:
3804**
3805** <ul>
3806** <li> sqlite3_errcode()
3807** <li> sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3808** <li> sqlite3_errmsg()
3809** <li> sqlite3_errmsg16()
3810** </ul>
3811**
3812** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3813** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3814** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3815** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3816** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3817** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3818**
3819** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3820** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3821** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3822** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3823**
3824** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3825** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3826** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3827** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3828** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3829** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3830** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3831** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3832** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3833**
3834** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3835** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3836** error code and message may or may not be set.
3837*/
3838int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3839int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3840const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3841const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3842const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3843
3844/*
3845** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3846** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3847**
3848** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3849** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3850**
3851** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3852** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3853** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3854** prepared statement before it can be run.
3855**
3856** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3857**
3858** <ol>
3859** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3860** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3861**      interfaces.
3862** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3863** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3864**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3865** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3866** </ol>
3867*/
3868typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3869
3870/*
3871** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3872** METHOD: sqlite3
3873**
3874** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3875** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3876** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3877** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3878** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3879** new limit for that construct.)^
3880**
3881** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3882** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3883** [limits | hard upper bound]
3884** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3885** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3886** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3887** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3888** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3889**
3890** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3891** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3892** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3893** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3894**
3895** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3896** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3897** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3898** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3899** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3900** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3901** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3902** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3903** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3904** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3905** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3906** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3907**
3908** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3909*/
3910int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3911
3912/*
3913** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3914** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3915**
3916** These constants define various performance limits
3917** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3918** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3919** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3920**
3921** <dl>
3922** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3923** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3924**
3925** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3926** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3927**
3928** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3929** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3930** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3931** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3932**
3933** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3934** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3935**
3936** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3937** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3938**
3939** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3940** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3941** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3942** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3943** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3944**
3945** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3946** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3947**
3948** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3949** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3950**
3951** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3952** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3953** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3954** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3955**
3956** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3957** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3958** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3959**
3960** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3961** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3962**
3963** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3964** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3965** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3966** </dl>
3967*/
3968#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3969#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3970#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3971#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3972#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3973#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3974#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3975#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3976#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3977#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3978#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3979#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3980
3981/*
3982** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags
3983**
3984** These constants define various flags that can be passed into
3985** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and
3986** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces.
3987**
3988** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite.
3989**
3990** <dl>
3991** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT</dt>
3992** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner
3993** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and
3994** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
3995** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will
3996** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
3997** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
3998** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
3999** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of
4000** SQLite may act on this hint differently.
4001**
4002** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE</dt>
4003** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE flag is a no-op. This flag used
4004** to be required for any prepared statement that wanted to use the
4005** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface.  However, the
4006** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface is now available to all
4007** prepared statements, regardless of whether or not they use this
4008** flag.
4009**
4010** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB</dt>
4011** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB flag causes the SQL compiler
4012** to return an error (error code SQLITE_ERROR) if the statement uses
4013** any virtual tables.
4014** </dl>
4015*/
4016#define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT              0x01
4017#define SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE               0x02
4018#define SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB                 0x04
4019
4020/*
4021** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
4022** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
4023** METHOD: sqlite3
4024** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4025**
4026** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
4027** program using one of these routines.  Or, in other words, these routines
4028** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object.
4029**
4030** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].  The
4031** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided.
4032** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra "prepFlags" option that is used
4033** for special purposes.
4034**
4035** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently
4036** does all parsing using UTF-8.  The UTF-16 interfaces are provided
4037** as a convenience.  The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the
4038** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface.
4039**
4040** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
4041** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
4042** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
4043**
4044** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
4045** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(),
4046** and sqlite3_prepare_v3()
4047** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4048** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16.
4049**
4050** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
4051** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
4052** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
4053** statement is generated.
4054** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
4055** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
4056** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
4057** the nul-terminator.
4058**
4059** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
4060** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
4061** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
4062** what remains uncompiled.
4063**
4064** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
4065** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
4066** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
4067** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
4068** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
4069** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
4070** ppStmt may not be NULL.
4071**
4072** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
4073** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
4074**
4075** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4076** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs.
4077** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16())
4078** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
4079** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement
4080** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
4081** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
4082** behave differently in three ways:
4083**
4084** <ol>
4085** <li>
4086** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
4087** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
4088** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
4089** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
4090** </li>
4091**
4092** <li>
4093** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
4094** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
4095** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
4096** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
4097** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
4098** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
4099** </li>
4100**
4101** <li>
4102** ^If the specific value bound to a [parameter | host parameter] in the
4103** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
4104** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
4105** a schema change, on the first [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
4106** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
4107** ^The specific value of a WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
4108** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
4109** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
4110** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4] compile-time option is enabled.
4111** </li>
4112** </ol>
4113**
4114** <p>^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having
4115** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or
4116** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags.  ^The
4117** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as
4118** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter.
4119*/
4120int sqlite3_prepare(
4121  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4122  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4123  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4124  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4125  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4126);
4127int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
4128  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4129  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4130  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4131  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4132  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4133);
4134int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
4135  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4136  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4137  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4138  unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4139  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4140  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4141);
4142int sqlite3_prepare16(
4143  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4144  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4145  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4146  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4147  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4148);
4149int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
4150  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4151  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4152  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4153  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4154  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4155);
4156int sqlite3_prepare16_v3(
4157  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4158  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4159  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4160  unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4161  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4162  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4163);
4164
4165/*
4166** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
4167** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4168**
4169** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
4170** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
4171** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()],
4172** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4173** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4174** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
4175** [bound parameters] expanded.
4176** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4177** string containing the normalized SQL text of prepared statement P.  The
4178** semantics used to normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject
4179** to change.  At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable
4180** placeholders.
4181**
4182** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
4183** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
4184** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
4185** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
4186** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
4187**
4188** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
4189** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
4190** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
4191**
4192** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
4193** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
4194** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
4195**
4196** ^The strings returned by sqlite3_sql(P) and sqlite3_normalized_sql(P)
4197** are managed by SQLite and are automatically freed when the prepared
4198** statement is finalized.
4199** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
4200** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be freed by the application
4201** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
4202**
4203** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql() interface is only available if
4204** the [SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE] compile-time option is defined.
4205*/
4206const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4207char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4208#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
4209const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4210#endif
4211
4212/*
4213** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
4214** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4215**
4216** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
4217** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
4218** the content of the database file.
4219**
4220** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
4221** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
4222** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
4223** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
4224** change the database file through side-effects:
4225**
4226** <blockquote><pre>
4227**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
4228** </pre></blockquote>
4229**
4230** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
4231** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
4232**
4233** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
4234** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
4235** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
4236** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
4237** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
4238** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
4239** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
4240** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
4241** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
4242** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
4243** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
4244** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
4245**
4246** ^This routine returns false if there is any possibility that the
4247** statement might change the database file.  ^A false return does
4248** not guarantee that the statement will change the database file.
4249** ^For example, an UPDATE statement might have a WHERE clause that
4250** makes it a no-op, but the sqlite3_stmt_readonly() result would still
4251** be false.  ^Similarly, a CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS statement is a
4252** read-only no-op if the table already exists, but
4253** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() still returns false for such a statement.
4254*/
4255int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4256
4257/*
4258** CAPI3REF: Query The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement
4259** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4260**
4261** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 1 if the
4262** prepared statement S is an EXPLAIN statement, or 2 if the
4263** statement S is an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.
4264** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 0 if S is
4265** an ordinary statement or a NULL pointer.
4266*/
4267int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4268
4269/*
4270** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
4271** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4272**
4273** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
4274** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
4275** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
4276** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
4277** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
4278** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
4279** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
4280** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
4281**
4282** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
4283** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
4284** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
4285** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
4286** statements that are holding a transaction open.
4287*/
4288int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
4289
4290/*
4291** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
4292** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
4293**
4294** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
4295** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
4296** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
4297** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
4298**
4299** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
4300** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
4301** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4302** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
4303** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
4304** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
4305** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4306**
4307** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
4308** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
4309** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
4310** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
4311** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
4312** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
4313** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
4314** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
4315** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
4316** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
4317** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
4318** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
4319**
4320** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
4321** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
4322** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
4323** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
4324** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments
4325** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and
4326** [sqlite3_value_dup()].
4327** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
4328** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
4329*/
4330typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value;
4331
4332/*
4333** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
4334**
4335** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
4336** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
4337** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
4338** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
4339** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
4340** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
4341** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
4342** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
4343*/
4344typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
4345
4346/*
4347** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
4348** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
4349** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
4350** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4351**
4352** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
4353** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
4354** templates:
4355**
4356** <ul>
4357** <li>  ?
4358** <li>  ?NNN
4359** <li>  :VVV
4360** <li>  @VVV
4361** <li>  $VVV
4362** </ul>
4363**
4364** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
4365** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
4366** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
4367** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
4368**
4369** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
4370** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
4371** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
4372**
4373** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
4374** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
4375** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
4376** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
4377** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
4378** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
4379** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
4380** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
4381** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 32766).
4382**
4383** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
4384** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4385** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
4386** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
4387** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() is not NULL, then
4388** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF8 text.
4389** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text16() is not NULL, then
4390** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF16 text.
4391** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not NULL, then
4392** it should be a pointer to a well-formed unicode string that is
4393** either UTF8 if the sixth parameter is SQLITE_UTF8, or UTF16
4394** otherwise.
4395**
4396** [[byte-order determination rules]] ^The byte-order of
4397** UTF16 input text is determined by the byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF)
4398** found in first character, which is removed, or in the absence of a BOM
4399** the byte order is the native byte order of the host
4400** machine for sqlite3_bind_text16() or the byte order specified in
4401** the 6th parameter for sqlite3_bind_text64().)^
4402** ^If UTF16 input text contains invalid unicode
4403** characters, then SQLite might change those invalid characters
4404** into the unicode replacement character: U+FFFD.
4405**
4406** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
4407** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
4408** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
4409** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4410** is negative, then the length of the string is
4411** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
4412** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
4413** the behavior is undefined.
4414** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
4415** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
4416** that parameter must be the byte offset
4417** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
4418** terminated.  If any NUL characters occurs at byte offsets less than
4419** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
4420** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
4421** with embedded NULs is undefined.
4422**
4423** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces controls
4424** or indicates the lifetime of the object referenced by the third parameter.
4425** These three options exist:
4426** ^ (1) A destructor to dispose of the BLOB or string after SQLite has finished
4427** with it may be passed. ^It is called to dispose of the BLOB or string even
4428** if the call to the bind API fails, except the destructor is not called if
4429** the third parameter is a NULL pointer or the fourth parameter is negative.
4430** ^ (2) The special constant, [SQLITE_STATIC], may be passsed to indicate that
4431** the application remains responsible for disposing of the object. ^In this
4432** case, the object and the provided pointer to it must remain valid until
4433** either the prepared statement is finalized or the same SQL parameter is
4434** bound to something else, whichever occurs sooner.
4435** ^ (3) The constant, [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], may be passed to indicate that the
4436** object is to be copied prior to the return from sqlite3_bind_*(). ^The
4437** object and pointer to it must remain valid until then. ^SQLite will then
4438** manage the lifetime of its private copy.
4439**
4440** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
4441** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
4442** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
4443** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
4444** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
4445** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
4446** is undefined.
4447**
4448** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
4449** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
4450** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
4451** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
4452** content is later written using
4453** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
4454** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
4455**
4456** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in
4457** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be
4458** associated with the pointer P of type T.  ^D is either a NULL pointer or
4459** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the
4460** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using
4461** P.  The T parameter should be a static string, preferably a string
4462** literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is part of the
4463** [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
4464**
4465** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
4466** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
4467** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
4468** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
4469** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
4470** result is undefined and probably harmful.
4471**
4472** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
4473** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
4474**
4475** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
4476** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
4477** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
4478** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
4479** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
4480** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
4481** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
4482**
4483** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
4484** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4485*/
4486int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
4487int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
4488                        void(*)(void*));
4489int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
4490int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
4491int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
4492int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4493int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
4494int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4495int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
4496                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4497int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
4498int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*));
4499int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
4500int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
4501
4502/*
4503** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
4504** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4505**
4506** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
4507** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
4508** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
4509** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
4510** to the parameters at a later time.
4511**
4512** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
4513** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
4514** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
4515** there may be gaps in the list.)^
4516**
4517** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4518** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
4519** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4520*/
4521int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
4522
4523/*
4524** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
4525** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4526**
4527** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
4528** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
4529** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4530** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4531** respectively.
4532** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
4533** is included as part of the name.)^
4534** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
4535** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
4536**
4537** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
4538**
4539** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
4540** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
4541** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
4542** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()],
4543** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4544**
4545** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4546** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4547** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4548*/
4549const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4550
4551/*
4552** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
4553** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4554**
4555** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
4556** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
4557** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
4558** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
4559** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
4560** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or
4561** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4562**
4563** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4564** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4565** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
4566*/
4567int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
4568
4569/*
4570** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
4571** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4572**
4573** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
4574** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
4575** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
4576*/
4577int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
4578
4579/*
4580** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
4581** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4582**
4583** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
4584** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
4585** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
4586** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
4587** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
4588** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
4589** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
4590**
4591** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
4592*/
4593int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4594
4595/*
4596** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
4597** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4598**
4599** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
4600** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
4601** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
4602** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
4603** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
4604** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
4605** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
4606**
4607** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
4608** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4609** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4610** or until the next call to
4611** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
4612**
4613** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
4614** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
4615** NULL pointer is returned.
4616**
4617** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
4618** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
4619** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
4620** one release of SQLite to the next.
4621*/
4622const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4623const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4624
4625/*
4626** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
4627** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4628**
4629** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
4630** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
4631** [SELECT] statement.
4632** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
4633** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
4634** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
4635** the origin_ routines return the column name.
4636** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
4637** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4638** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4639** or until the same information is requested
4640** again in a different encoding.
4641**
4642** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
4643** database, table, and column.
4644**
4645** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
4646** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
4647** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
4648** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
4649**
4650** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
4651** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
4652** NULL.  ^These routines might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
4653** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
4654** or column that query result column was extracted from.
4655**
4656** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4657** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4658**
4659** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4660** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4661**
4662** If two or more threads call one or more
4663** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4664** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4665** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4666*/
4667const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4668const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4669const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4670const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4671const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4672const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4673
4674/*
4675** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4676** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4677**
4678** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4679** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4680** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4681** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4682** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4683** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4684** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4685**
4686** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4687**
4688** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4689**
4690** and the following statement to be compiled:
4691**
4692** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4693**
4694** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4695** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4696**
4697** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4698** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4699** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4700** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4701** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4702** used to hold those values.
4703*/
4704const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4705const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4706
4707/*
4708** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4709** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4710**
4711** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of
4712** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
4713** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy
4714** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4715** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4716**
4717** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4718** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces
4719** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()],
4720** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4721** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4722** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4723** interface will continue to be supported.
4724**
4725** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4726** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4727** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4728** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4729**
4730** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4731** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4732** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4733** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4734** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4735** continuing.
4736**
4737** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4738** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4739** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4740** machine back to its initial state.
4741**
4742** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4743** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4744** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4745** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4746**
4747** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4748** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4749** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4750** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4751** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4752** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4753** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4754** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4755**
4756** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4757** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4758** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4759** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4760** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4761** more threads at the same moment in time.
4762**
4763** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4764** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4765** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4766** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4767** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4768** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4769** sqlite3_step() began
4770** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4771** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4772** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4773** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4774** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4775**
4776** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4777** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4778** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4779** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4780** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4781** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4782** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4783** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
4784** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead
4785** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4786** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4787** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended.
4788*/
4789int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4790
4791/*
4792** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4793** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4794**
4795** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4796** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4797** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4798** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column()] family of
4799** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4800** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4801** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4802** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4803** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4804** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4805** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4806** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4807**
4808** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4809*/
4810int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4811
4812/*
4813** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4814** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4815**
4816** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4817**
4818** <ul>
4819** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4820** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4821** <li> string
4822** <li> BLOB
4823** <li> NULL
4824** </ul>)^
4825**
4826** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4827**
4828** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4829** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4830** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4831** SQLITE_TEXT.
4832*/
4833#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4834#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4835#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4836#define SQLITE_NULL     5
4837#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4838# undef SQLITE_TEXT
4839#else
4840# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4841#endif
4842#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4843
4844/*
4845** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4846** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4847** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4848**
4849** <b>Summary:</b>
4850** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
4851** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB result
4852** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL result
4853** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER result
4854** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER result
4855** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT result
4856** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT result
4857** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an
4858** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
4859** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
4860** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
4861** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes
4862** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4863** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
4864** TEXT in bytes
4865** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
4866** datatype of the result
4867** </table></blockquote>
4868**
4869** <b>Details:</b>
4870**
4871** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4872** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4873** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4874** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4875** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4876** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4877** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4878** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4879**
4880** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4881** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4882** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4883** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4884** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4885** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4886** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4887** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4888** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4889** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4890** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4891**
4892** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16)
4893** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format.  If
4894** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example,
4895** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface
4896** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed.
4897**
4898** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4899** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4900** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4901** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].
4902** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which
4903** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value.
4904** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no
4905** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question.
4906** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type()
4907** is undefined, though harmless.  Future
4908** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4909** following a type conversion.
4910**
4911** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4912** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size
4913** of that BLOB or string.
4914**
4915** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4916** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4917** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4918** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4919** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4920** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4921** the number of bytes in that string.
4922** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4923**
4924** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4925** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4926** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4927** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4928** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4929** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4930** the number of bytes in that string.
4931** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4932**
4933** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4934** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4935** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4936** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4937** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4938**
4939** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4940** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4941** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4942**
4943** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4944** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4945** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4946** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4947** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4948** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4949** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4950** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4951** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface
4952** is normally only useful within the implementation of
4953** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within
4954** top-level application code.
4955**
4956** The these routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result.
4957** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4958** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4959** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4960** that are applied:
4961**
4962** <blockquote>
4963** <table border="1">
4964** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4965**
4966** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4967** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4968** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4969** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4970** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4971** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4972** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4973** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4974** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4975** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4976** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4977** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4978** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4979** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4980** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4981** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4982** </table>
4983** </blockquote>)^
4984**
4985** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4986** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4987** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4988** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4989** in the following cases:
4990**
4991** <ul>
4992** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4993**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4994**      need to be added to the string.</li>
4995** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4996**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4997**      to UTF-16.</li>
4998** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4999**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
5000**      to UTF-8.</li>
5001** </ul>
5002**
5003** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
5004** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
5005** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
5006** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
5007** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
5008**
5009** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
5010** in one of the following ways:
5011**
5012** <ul>
5013**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
5014**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
5015**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
5016** </ul>
5017**
5018** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
5019** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
5020** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
5021** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
5022** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
5023** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
5024** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
5025**
5026** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
5027** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
5028** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
5029** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do not pass the pointers returned
5030** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
5031** [sqlite3_free()].
5032**
5033** As long as the input parameters are correct, these routines will only
5034** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
5035** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
5036** errors:
5037**
5038** <ul>
5039** <li> sqlite3_column_blob()
5040** <li> sqlite3_column_text()
5041** <li> sqlite3_column_text16()
5042** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes()
5043** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes16()
5044** </ul>
5045**
5046** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
5047** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
5048** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
5049** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
5050** return value is obtained and before any
5051** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
5052*/
5053const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5054double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5055int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5056sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5057const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5058const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5059sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5060int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5061int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5062int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5063
5064/*
5065** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
5066** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
5067**
5068** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
5069** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
5070** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
5071** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
5072** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
5073** [extended error code].
5074**
5075** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
5076** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
5077** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
5078** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
5079** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
5080** completed execution.
5081**
5082** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
5083**
5084** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
5085** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
5086** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
5087** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
5088** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
5089*/
5090int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5091
5092/*
5093** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
5094** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5095**
5096** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
5097** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
5098** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
5099** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
5100** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
5101**
5102** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
5103** back to the beginning of its program.
5104**
5105** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5106** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
5107** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
5108** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
5109**
5110** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5111** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
5112** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
5113**
5114** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
5115** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
5116*/
5117int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5118
5119/*
5120** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
5121** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
5122** METHOD: sqlite3
5123**
5124** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
5125** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
5126** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between
5127** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding
5128** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being
5129** created) and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
5130** the application data pointer. Function sqlite3_create_window_function()
5131** is similar, but allows the user to supply the extra callback functions
5132** needed by [aggregate window functions].
5133**
5134** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
5135** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
5136** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
5137** to each database connection separately.
5138**
5139** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
5140** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
5141** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
5142** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
5143** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
5144** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
5145**
5146** ^The third parameter (nArg)
5147** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
5148** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
5149** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
5150** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
5151** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
5152** undefined.
5153**
5154** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
5155** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
5156** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
5157** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
5158** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
5159** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
5160** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
5161** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
5162** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
5163** each encoding.
5164** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
5165** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
5166**
5167** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
5168** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
5169** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
5170** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
5171** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
5172** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
5173** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
5174**
5175** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
5176** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from
5177** within VIEWs, TRIGGERs, CHECK constraints, generated column expressions,
5178** index expressions, or the WHERE clause of partial indexes.
5179**
5180** For best security, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY] flag is recommended for
5181** all application-defined SQL functions that do not need to be
5182** used inside of triggers, view, CHECK constraints, or other elements of
5183** the database schema.  This flags is especially recommended for SQL
5184** functions that have side effects or reveal internal application state.
5185** Without this flag, an attacker might be able to modify the schema of
5186** a database file to include invocations of the function with parameters
5187** chosen by the attacker, which the application will then execute when
5188** the database file is opened and read.
5189**
5190** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
5191** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
5192**
5193** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three
5194** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
5195** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
5196** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
5197** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
5198** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
5199** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
5200** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
5201** callbacks.
5202**
5203** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue
5204** and xInverse) passed to sqlite3_create_window_function are pointers to
5205** C-language callbacks that implement the new function. xStep and xFinal
5206** must both be non-NULL. xValue and xInverse may either both be NULL, in
5207** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be
5208** non-NULL, in which case the new function may be used as either an aggregate
5209** or aggregate window function. More details regarding the implementation
5210** of aggregate window functions are
5211** [user-defined window functions|available here].
5212**
5213** ^(If the final parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() or
5214** sqlite3_create_window_function() is not NULL, then it is destructor for
5215** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function
5216** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection
5217** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
5218** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.  ^When the destructor callback is
5219** invoked, it is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application
5220** data pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
5221**
5222** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
5223** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
5224** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
5225** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
5226** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
5227** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
5228** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
5229** matches the database encoding is a better
5230** match than a function where the encoding is different.
5231** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
5232** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
5233** between UTF8 and UTF16.
5234**
5235** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
5236**
5237** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
5238** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
5239** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
5240** statement in which the function is running.
5241*/
5242int sqlite3_create_function(
5243  sqlite3 *db,
5244  const char *zFunctionName,
5245  int nArg,
5246  int eTextRep,
5247  void *pApp,
5248  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5249  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5250  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5251);
5252int sqlite3_create_function16(
5253  sqlite3 *db,
5254  const void *zFunctionName,
5255  int nArg,
5256  int eTextRep,
5257  void *pApp,
5258  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5259  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5260  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5261);
5262int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
5263  sqlite3 *db,
5264  const char *zFunctionName,
5265  int nArg,
5266  int eTextRep,
5267  void *pApp,
5268  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5269  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5270  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5271  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5272);
5273int sqlite3_create_window_function(
5274  sqlite3 *db,
5275  const char *zFunctionName,
5276  int nArg,
5277  int eTextRep,
5278  void *pApp,
5279  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5280  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5281  void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*),
5282  void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5283  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5284);
5285
5286/*
5287** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
5288**
5289** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
5290** text encodings supported by SQLite.
5291*/
5292#define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
5293#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
5294#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
5295#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
5296#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
5297#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
5298
5299/*
5300** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
5301**
5302** These constants may be ORed together with the
5303** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
5304** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
5305** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
5306**
5307** <dl>
5308** [[SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]] <dt>SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC</dt><dd>
5309** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function always gives
5310** the same output when the input parameters are the same.
5311** The [abs|abs() function] is deterministic, for example, but
5312** [randomblob|randomblob()] is not.  Functions must
5313** be deterministic in order to be used in certain contexts such as
5314** with the WHERE clause of [partial indexes] or in [generated columns].
5315** SQLite might also optimize deterministic functions by factoring them
5316** out of inner loops.
5317** </dd>
5318**
5319** [[SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]] <dt>SQLITE_DIRECTONLY</dt><dd>
5320** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
5321** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs nor in
5322** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5323** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], or [generated columns].
5324** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flags is a security feature which is recommended
5325** for all [application-defined SQL functions], and especially for functions
5326** that have side-effects or that could potentially leak sensitive
5327** information.
5328** </dd>
5329**
5330** [[SQLITE_INNOCUOUS]] <dt>SQLITE_INNOCUOUS</dt><dd>
5331** The SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag means that the function is unlikely
5332** to cause problems even if misused.  An innocuous function should have
5333** no side effects and should not depend on any values other than its
5334** input parameters. The [abs|abs() function] is an example of an
5335** innocuous function.
5336** The [load_extension() SQL function] is not innocuous because of its
5337** side effects.
5338** <p> SQLITE_INNOCUOUS is similar to SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, but is not
5339** exactly the same.  The [random|random() function] is an example of a
5340** function that is innocuous but not deterministic.
5341** <p>Some heightened security settings
5342** ([SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA] and [PRAGMA trusted_schema=OFF])
5343** disable the use of SQL functions inside views and triggers and in
5344** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5345** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], and [generated columns] unless
5346** the function is tagged with SQLITE_INNOCUOUS.  Most built-in functions
5347** are innocuous.  Developers are advised to avoid using the
5348** SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag for application-defined functions unless the
5349** function has been carefully audited and found to be free of potentially
5350** security-adverse side-effects and information-leaks.
5351** </dd>
5352**
5353** [[SQLITE_SUBTYPE]] <dt>SQLITE_SUBTYPE</dt><dd>
5354** The SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function may call
5355** [sqlite3_value_subtype()] to inspect the sub-types of its arguments.
5356** Specifying this flag makes no difference for scalar or aggregate user
5357** functions. However, if it is not specified for a user-defined window
5358** function, then any sub-types belonging to arguments passed to the window
5359** function may be discarded before the window function is called (i.e.
5360** sqlite3_value_subtype() will always return 0).
5361** </dd>
5362** </dl>
5363*/
5364#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x000000800
5365#define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY       0x000080000
5366#define SQLITE_SUBTYPE          0x000100000
5367#define SQLITE_INNOCUOUS        0x000200000
5368
5369/*
5370** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
5371** DEPRECATED
5372**
5373** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
5374** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
5375** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
5376** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
5377** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
5378*/
5379#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
5380SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
5381SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
5382SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
5383SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
5384SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
5385SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
5386                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
5387#endif
5388
5389/*
5390** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
5391** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5392**
5393** <b>Summary:</b>
5394** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
5395** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB value
5396** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL value
5397** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER value
5398** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER value
5399** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_pointer</b><td>&rarr;<td>Pointer value
5400** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT value
5401** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT value in
5402** the native byteorder
5403** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16be</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16be TEXT value
5404** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16le</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16le TEXT value
5405** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
5406** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
5407** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes
5408** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5409** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
5410** TEXT in bytes
5411** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
5412** datatype of the value
5413** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_numeric_type&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5414** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Best numeric datatype of the value
5415** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_nochange&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5416** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE
5417** against a virtual table.
5418** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_frombind&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5419** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if value originated from a [bound parameter]
5420** </table></blockquote>
5421**
5422** <b>Details:</b>
5423**
5424** These routines extract type, size, and content information from
5425** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  Protected sqlite3_value objects
5426** are used to pass parameter information into the functions that
5427** implement [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables].
5428**
5429** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
5430** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
5431** is not threadsafe.
5432**
5433** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
5434** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
5435** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
5436**
5437** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
5438** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
5439** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
5440** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
5441**
5442** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized
5443** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)]
5444** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y),
5445** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P.  ^Otherwise,
5446** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer()
5447** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5448**
5449** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the
5450** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the
5451** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
5452** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^
5453** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object.
5454** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and
5455** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that
5456** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return
5457** SQLITE_TEXT.  Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion
5458** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next.
5459**
5460** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
5461** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
5462** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
5463** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
5464** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
5465** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
5466** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
5467**
5468** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the
5469** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if
5470** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation
5471** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if
5472** and the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extracted
5473** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably
5474** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column
5475** was unchanging).  ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which
5476** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear
5477** to be a NULL value.  If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other
5478** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then
5479** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless.
5480**
5481** ^The sqlite3_value_frombind(X) interface returns non-zero if the
5482** value X originated from one of the [sqlite3_bind_int|sqlite3_bind()]
5483** interfaces.  ^If X comes from an SQL literal value, or a table column,
5484** or an expression, then sqlite3_value_frombind(X) returns zero.
5485**
5486** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
5487** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
5488** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
5489** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
5490** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
5491**
5492** These routines must be called from the same thread as
5493** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
5494**
5495** As long as the input parameter is correct, these routines can only
5496** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
5497** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
5498** errors:
5499**
5500** <ul>
5501** <li> sqlite3_value_blob()
5502** <li> sqlite3_value_text()
5503** <li> sqlite3_value_text16()
5504** <li> sqlite3_value_text16le()
5505** <li> sqlite3_value_text16be()
5506** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes()
5507** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes16()
5508** </ul>
5509**
5510** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
5511** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
5512** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
5513** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
5514** return value is obtained and before any
5515** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
5516*/
5517const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
5518double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
5519int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
5520sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
5521void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*);
5522const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
5523const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
5524const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
5525const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
5526int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
5527int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
5528int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
5529int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
5530int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*);
5531int sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_value*);
5532
5533/*
5534** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
5535** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5536**
5537** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
5538** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
5539** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
5540** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
5541** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
5542*/
5543unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
5544
5545/*
5546** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
5547** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5548**
5549** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5550** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
5551** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
5552** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
5553** memory allocation fails.
5554**
5555** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
5556** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
5557** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
5558*/
5559sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
5560void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
5561
5562/*
5563** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
5564** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5565**
5566** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
5567** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
5568**
5569** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
5570** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite allocates
5571** N bytes of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
5572** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
5573** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
5574** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
5575** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
5576** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
5577** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
5578** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
5579** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
5580** first time from within xFinal().)^
5581**
5582** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
5583** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
5584** allocate error occurs.
5585**
5586** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
5587** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
5588** value of N in any subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
5589** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
5590** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
5591** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
5592** pointless memory allocations occur.
5593**
5594** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
5595** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
5596**
5597** The first parameter must be a copy of the
5598** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
5599** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
5600** function.
5601**
5602** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5603** the aggregate SQL function is running.
5604*/
5605void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
5606
5607/*
5608** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
5609** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5610**
5611** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
5612** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
5613** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5614** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5615** registered the application defined function.
5616**
5617** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5618** the application-defined function is running.
5619*/
5620void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
5621
5622/*
5623** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
5624** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5625**
5626** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
5627** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
5628** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5629** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5630** registered the application defined function.
5631*/
5632sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
5633
5634/*
5635** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
5636** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5637**
5638** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
5639** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
5640** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
5641** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
5642** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
5643** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
5644** metadata associated with the pattern string.
5645** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
5646** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
5647** invocations of the same function.
5648**
5649** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata
5650** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument
5651** value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero for the left-most
5652** function argument.  ^If there is no metadata
5653** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface
5654** returns a NULL pointer.
5655**
5656** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
5657** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
5658** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
5659** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
5660** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
5661** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
5662** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
5663** once, when the metadata is discarded.
5664** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
5665** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
5666** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
5667**      SQL statement)^, or
5668** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
5669**       parameter)^, or
5670** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
5671**      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
5672**
5673** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
5674** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
5675** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
5676** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
5677** function implementation should not make any use of P after
5678** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
5679**
5680** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
5681** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
5682** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
5683**
5684** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative.
5685** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new
5686** kinds of function caching behavior.
5687**
5688** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
5689** the SQL function is running.
5690*/
5691void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
5692void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
5693
5694
5695/*
5696** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
5697**
5698** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
5699** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
5700** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
5701** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
5702** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
5703** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
5704** the content before returning.
5705**
5706** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
5707** C++ compilers.
5708*/
5709typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
5710#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
5711#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
5712
5713/*
5714** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
5715** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5716**
5717** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
5718** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
5719** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
5720** for additional information.
5721**
5722** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
5723** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
5724** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
5725**
5726** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
5727** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
5728** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
5729** third parameter.
5730**
5731** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
5732** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
5733** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
5734**
5735** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
5736** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
5737** by its 2nd argument.
5738**
5739** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
5740** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
5741** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
5742** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
5743** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
5744** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
5745** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 using
5746** the same [byte-order determination rules] as [sqlite3_bind_text16()].
5747** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
5748** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
5749** message all text up through the first zero character.
5750** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
5751** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
5752** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
5753** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
5754** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
5755** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
5756** modify the text after they return without harm.
5757** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
5758** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
5759** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
5760** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
5761**
5762** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5763** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
5764**
5765** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5766** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
5767**
5768** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
5769** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
5770** value given in the 2nd argument.
5771** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
5772** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
5773** value given in the 2nd argument.
5774**
5775** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
5776** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
5777**
5778** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
5779** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
5780** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
5781** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
5782** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
5783** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
5784** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
5785** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
5786** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
5787** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
5788** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
5789** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5790** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
5791** through the first zero character.
5792** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5793** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
5794** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
5795** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
5796** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
5797** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
5798** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
5799** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
5800** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
5801** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5802** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
5803** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
5804** finished using that result.
5805** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
5806** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
5807** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
5808** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
5809** when it has finished using that result.
5810** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5811** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
5812** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained
5813** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
5814**
5815** ^For the sqlite3_result_text16(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5816** sqlite3_result_text16be() routines, and for sqlite3_result_text64()
5817** when the encoding is not UTF8, if the input UTF16 begins with a
5818** byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF) then the BOM is removed from the
5819** string and the rest of the string is interpreted according to the
5820** byte-order specified by the BOM.  ^The byte-order specified by
5821** the BOM at the beginning of the text overrides the byte-order
5822** specified by the interface procedure.  ^So, for example, if
5823** sqlite3_result_text16le() is invoked with text that begins
5824** with bytes 0xfe, 0xff (a big-endian byte-order mark) then the
5825** first two bytes of input are skipped and the remaining input
5826** is interpreted as UTF16BE text.
5827**
5828** ^For UTF16 input text to the sqlite3_result_text16(),
5829** sqlite3_result_text16be(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5830** sqlite3_result_text64() routines, if the text contains invalid
5831** UTF16 characters, the invalid characters might be converted
5832** into the unicode replacement character, U+FFFD.
5833**
5834** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
5835** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
5836** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
5837** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5838** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
5839** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
5840** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
5841** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
5842** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
5843**
5844** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an
5845** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it
5846** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that
5847** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an
5848** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()].
5849** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor
5850** for the P parameter.  ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument
5851** when SQLite is finished with P.  The T parameter should be a static
5852** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer()
5853** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5854**
5855** If these routines are called from within the different thread
5856** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
5857** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
5858*/
5859void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5860void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
5861                           sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
5862void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
5863void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
5864void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
5865void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
5866void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
5867void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
5868void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
5869void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
5870void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
5871void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
5872void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
5873                           void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
5874void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5875void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5876void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5877void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
5878void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*));
5879void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
5880int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
5881
5882
5883/*
5884** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
5885** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5886**
5887** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
5888** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
5889** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
5890** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
5891** higher order bits are discarded.
5892** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
5893** in future releases of SQLite.
5894*/
5895void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
5896
5897/*
5898** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
5899** METHOD: sqlite3
5900**
5901** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
5902** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
5903**
5904** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
5905** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
5906** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
5907** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
5908** considered to be the same name.
5909**
5910** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
5911** <ul>
5912** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
5913** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
5914** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5915** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
5916** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
5917** </ul>)^
5918** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
5919** to the collating function callback, xCompare.
5920** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
5921** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
5922** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
5923** on an even byte address.
5924**
5925** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5926** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5927**
5928** ^The fifth argument, xCompare, is a pointer to the collating function.
5929** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5930** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5931** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5932** ^If the xCompare argument is NULL then the collating function is
5933** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5934** that collation is no longer usable.
5935**
5936** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5937** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5938** by the eTextRep argument.  The two integer parameters to the collating
5939** function callback are the length of the two strings, in bytes. The collating
5940** function must return an integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5941** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5942** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5943** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5944** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5945** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5946** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5947** strings A, B, and C:
5948**
5949** <ol>
5950** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5951** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5952** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5953** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5954** </ol>
5955**
5956** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5957** collating function is registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5958** is undefined.
5959**
5960** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5961** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5962** the collating function is deleted.
5963** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5964** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5965** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5966**
5967** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5968** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5969** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5970** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5971** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5972** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5973** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5974** compatibility.
5975**
5976** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5977*/
5978int sqlite3_create_collation(
5979  sqlite3*,
5980  const char *zName,
5981  int eTextRep,
5982  void *pArg,
5983  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5984);
5985int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5986  sqlite3*,
5987  const char *zName,
5988  int eTextRep,
5989  void *pArg,
5990  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5991  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5992);
5993int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5994  sqlite3*,
5995  const void *zName,
5996  int eTextRep,
5997  void *pArg,
5998  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5999);
6000
6001/*
6002** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
6003** METHOD: sqlite3
6004**
6005** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
6006** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
6007** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
6008** sequence is required.
6009**
6010** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
6011** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
6012** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
6013** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
6014** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
6015**
6016** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
6017** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
6018** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
6019** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
6020** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
6021** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
6022** required collation sequence.)^
6023**
6024** The callback function should register the desired collation using
6025** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
6026** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
6027*/
6028int sqlite3_collation_needed(
6029  sqlite3*,
6030  void*,
6031  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
6032);
6033int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
6034  sqlite3*,
6035  void*,
6036  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
6037);
6038
6039#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
6040/*
6041** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
6042** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
6043*/
6044void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
6045  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
6046);
6047#endif
6048
6049/*
6050** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
6051**
6052** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
6053** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
6054**
6055** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
6056** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
6057** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
6058** requested from the operating system is returned.
6059**
6060** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
6061** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
6062** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
6063** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
6064** in the previous paragraphs.
6065*/
6066int sqlite3_sleep(int);
6067
6068/*
6069** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
6070**
6071** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6072** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
6073** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
6074** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
6075** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
6076** temporary file directory.
6077**
6078** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
6079** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
6080** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
6081** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
6082** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
6083** be avoided in new projects.
6084**
6085** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6086** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6087** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6088** thread.
6089** It is intended that this variable be set once
6090** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6091** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6092** thereafter.
6093**
6094** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6095** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6096** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6097** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6098** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6099** using [sqlite3_free].
6100** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6101** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6102** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6103** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
6104** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
6105** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
6106** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
6107** objects have been destroyed.
6108**
6109** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
6110** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
6111** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
6112** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
6113**
6114** <blockquote><pre>
6115** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
6116** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
6117** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
6118** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
6119** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
6120** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
6121** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
6122** </pre></blockquote>
6123*/
6124SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
6125
6126/*
6127** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
6128**
6129** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6130** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
6131** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
6132** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
6133** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
6134** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
6135** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
6136** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
6137** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
6138**
6139** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
6140** open can result in a corrupt database.
6141**
6142** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6143** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6144** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6145** thread.
6146** It is intended that this variable be set once
6147** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6148** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6149** thereafter.
6150**
6151** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6152** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6153** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6154** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6155** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6156** using [sqlite3_free].
6157** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6158** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6159** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6160*/
6161SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
6162
6163/*
6164** CAPI3REF: Win32 Specific Interface
6165**
6166** These interfaces are available only on Windows.  The
6167** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface is used to set the value associated
6168** with the [sqlite3_temp_directory] or [sqlite3_data_directory] variable, to
6169** zValue, depending on the value of the type parameter.  The zValue parameter
6170** should be NULL to cause the previous value to be freed via [sqlite3_free];
6171** a non-NULL value will be copied into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6172** prior to being used.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface returns
6173** [SQLITE_OK] to indicate success, [SQLITE_ERROR] if the type is unsupported,
6174** or [SQLITE_NOMEM] if memory could not be allocated.  The value of the
6175** [sqlite3_data_directory] variable is intended to act as a replacement for
6176** the current directory on the sub-platforms of Win32 where that concept is
6177** not present, e.g. WinRT and UWP.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory8] and
6178** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory16] interfaces behave exactly the same as the
6179** sqlite3_win32_set_directory interface except the string parameter must be
6180** UTF-8 or UTF-16, respectively.
6181*/
6182int sqlite3_win32_set_directory(
6183  unsigned long type, /* Identifier for directory being set or reset */
6184  void *zValue        /* New value for directory being set or reset */
6185);
6186int sqlite3_win32_set_directory8(unsigned long type, const char *zValue);
6187int sqlite3_win32_set_directory16(unsigned long type, const void *zValue);
6188
6189/*
6190** CAPI3REF: Win32 Directory Types
6191**
6192** These macros are only available on Windows.  They define the allowed values
6193** for the type argument to the [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface.
6194*/
6195#define SQLITE_WIN32_DATA_DIRECTORY_TYPE  1
6196#define SQLITE_WIN32_TEMP_DIRECTORY_TYPE  2
6197
6198/*
6199** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
6200** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
6201** METHOD: sqlite3
6202**
6203** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
6204** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
6205** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
6206** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
6207** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
6208**
6209** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
6210** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
6211** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
6212** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
6213** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
6214** an error is to use this function.
6215**
6216** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
6217** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
6218** is undefined.
6219*/
6220int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
6221
6222/*
6223** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
6224** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
6225**
6226** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
6227** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
6228** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
6229** that was the first argument
6230** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
6231** create the statement in the first place.
6232*/
6233sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
6234
6235/*
6236** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
6237** METHOD: sqlite3
6238**
6239** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to the filename
6240** associated with database N of connection D.
6241** ^If there is no attached database N on the database
6242** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
6243** this function will return either a NULL pointer or an empty string.
6244**
6245** ^The string value returned by this routine is owned and managed by
6246** the database connection.  ^The value will be valid until the database N
6247** is [DETACH]-ed or until the database connection closes.
6248**
6249** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
6250** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
6251** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
6252** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
6253**
6254** If the filename pointer returned by this routine is not NULL, then it
6255** can be used as the filename input parameter to these routines:
6256** <ul>
6257** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()]
6258** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()]
6259** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()]
6260** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()]
6261** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()]
6262** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()]
6263** </ul>
6264*/
6265const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6266
6267/*
6268** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
6269** METHOD: sqlite3
6270**
6271** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
6272** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
6273** the name of a database on connection D.
6274*/
6275int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6276
6277/*
6278** CAPI3REF: Determine the transaction state of a database
6279** METHOD: sqlite3
6280**
6281** ^The sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) interface returns the current
6282** [transaction state] of schema S in database connection D.  ^If S is NULL,
6283** then the highest transaction state of any schema on database connection D
6284** is returned.  Transaction states are (in order of lowest to highest):
6285** <ol>
6286** <li value="0"> SQLITE_TXN_NONE
6287** <li value="1"> SQLITE_TXN_READ
6288** <li value="2"> SQLITE_TXN_WRITE
6289** </ol>
6290** ^If the S argument to sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) is not the name of
6291** a valid schema, then -1 is returned.
6292*/
6293int sqlite3_txn_state(sqlite3*,const char *zSchema);
6294
6295/*
6296** CAPI3REF: Allowed return values from [sqlite3_txn_state()]
6297** KEYWORDS: {transaction state}
6298**
6299** These constants define the current transaction state of a database file.
6300** ^The [sqlite3_txn_state(D,S)] interface returns one of these
6301** constants in order to describe the transaction state of schema S
6302** in [database connection] D.
6303**
6304** <dl>
6305** [[SQLITE_TXN_NONE]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_NONE</dt>
6306** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_NONE state means that no transaction is currently
6307** pending.</dd>
6308**
6309** [[SQLITE_TXN_READ]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_READ</dt>
6310** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_READ state means that the database is currently
6311** in a read transaction.  Content has been read from the database file
6312** but nothing in the database file has changed.  The transaction state
6313** will advanced to SQLITE_TXN_WRITE if any changes occur and there are
6314** no other conflicting concurrent write transactions.  The transaction
6315** state will revert to SQLITE_TXN_NONE following a [ROLLBACK] or
6316** [COMMIT].</dd>
6317**
6318** [[SQLITE_TXN_WRITE]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_WRITE</dt>
6319** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_WRITE state means that the database is currently
6320** in a write transaction.  Content has been written to the database file
6321** but has not yet committed.  The transaction state will change to
6322** to SQLITE_TXN_NONE at the next [ROLLBACK] or [COMMIT].</dd>
6323*/
6324#define SQLITE_TXN_NONE  0
6325#define SQLITE_TXN_READ  1
6326#define SQLITE_TXN_WRITE 2
6327
6328/*
6329** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
6330** METHOD: sqlite3
6331**
6332** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
6333** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
6334** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
6335** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
6336** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
6337**
6338** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
6339** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
6340** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
6341*/
6342sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
6343
6344/*
6345** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
6346** METHOD: sqlite3
6347**
6348** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
6349** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
6350** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
6351** for the same database connection is overridden.
6352** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
6353** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
6354** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
6355** for the same database connection is overridden.
6356** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
6357** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
6358** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
6359**
6360** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
6361** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
6362** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6363** the first call for each function on D.
6364**
6365** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
6366** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
6367** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
6368** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6369** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
6370** or rollback hook in the first place.
6371** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
6372** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
6373** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6374**
6375** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
6376**
6377** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
6378** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
6379** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
6380** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
6381** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
6382**
6383** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
6384** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
6385** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
6386** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
6387** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
6388**
6389** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
6390*/
6391void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
6392void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
6393
6394/*
6395** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
6396** METHOD: sqlite3
6397**
6398** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
6399** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
6400** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
6401** a [rowid table].
6402** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
6403** for the same database connection is overridden.
6404**
6405** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
6406** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
6407** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
6408** to sqlite3_update_hook().
6409** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
6410** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
6411** to be invoked.
6412** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
6413** database and table name containing the affected row.
6414** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
6415** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
6416**
6417** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
6418** modified (i.e. sqlite_sequence).)^
6419** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
6420**
6421** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
6422** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
6423** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
6424** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
6425** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
6426** release of SQLite.
6427**
6428** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
6429** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
6430** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6431** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
6432** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
6433** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6434**
6435** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
6436** returns the P argument from the previous call
6437** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6438** the first call on D.
6439**
6440** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
6441** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
6442*/
6443void *sqlite3_update_hook(
6444  sqlite3*,
6445  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
6446  void*
6447);
6448
6449/*
6450** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
6451**
6452** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
6453** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
6454** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
6455** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
6456**
6457** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
6458** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
6459** In prior versions of SQLite,
6460** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
6461**
6462** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
6463** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
6464** Existing database connections continue to use the sharing mode
6465** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
6466**
6467** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
6468** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
6469**
6470** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. It is recommended that it stay
6471** that way.  In other words, do not use this routine.  This interface
6472** continues to be provided for historical compatibility, but its use is
6473** discouraged.  Any use of shared cache is discouraged.  If shared cache
6474** must be used, it is recommended that shared cache only be enabled for
6475** individual database connections using the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface
6476** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag.
6477**
6478** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
6479** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
6480** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
6481** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
6482**
6483** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
6484** 32-bit integer is atomic.
6485**
6486** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
6487*/
6488int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
6489
6490/*
6491** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
6492**
6493** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
6494** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
6495** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
6496** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
6497** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
6498** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
6499** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
6500** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
6501**
6502** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
6503*/
6504int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
6505
6506/*
6507** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
6508** METHOD: sqlite3
6509**
6510** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
6511** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
6512** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
6513** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
6514** omitted.
6515**
6516** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
6517*/
6518int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
6519
6520/*
6521** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
6522**
6523** These interfaces impose limits on the amount of heap memory that will be
6524** by all database connections within a single process.
6525**
6526** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
6527** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
6528** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
6529** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
6530** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
6531** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
6532** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
6533** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
6534** is advisory only.
6535**
6536** ^The sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface sets a hard upper bound of
6537** N bytes on the amount of memory that will be allocated.  ^The
6538** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface is similar to
6539** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(N) except that memory allocations will fail
6540** when the hard heap limit is reached.
6541**
6542** ^The return value from both sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() and
6543** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64() is the size of
6544** the heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
6545** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
6546** then no change is made to the heap limit.  Hence, the current
6547** size of heap limits can be determined by invoking
6548** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1) or sqlite3_hard_heap_limit(-1).
6549**
6550** ^Setting the heap limits to zero disables the heap limiter mechanism.
6551**
6552** ^The soft heap limit may not be greater than the hard heap limit.
6553** ^If the hard heap limit is enabled and if sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)
6554** is invoked with a value of N that is greater than the hard heap limit,
6555** the the soft heap limit is set to the value of the hard heap limit.
6556** ^The soft heap limit is automatically enabled whenever the hard heap
6557** limit is enabled. ^When sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) is invoked and
6558** the soft heap limit is outside the range of 1..N, then the soft heap
6559** limit is set to N.  ^Invoking sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(0) when the
6560** hard heap limit is enabled makes the soft heap limit equal to the
6561** hard heap limit.
6562**
6563** The memory allocation limits can also be adjusted using
6564** [PRAGMA soft_heap_limit] and [PRAGMA hard_heap_limit].
6565**
6566** ^(The heap limits are not enforced in the current implementation
6567** if one or more of following conditions are true:
6568**
6569** <ul>
6570** <li> The limit value is set to zero.
6571** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
6572**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
6573**      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
6574** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
6575**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
6576** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
6577**      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
6578**      from the heap.
6579** </ul>)^
6580**
6581** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the heap limits may
6582** changes in future releases of SQLite.
6583*/
6584sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6585sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6586
6587/*
6588** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
6589** DEPRECATED
6590**
6591** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
6592** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
6593** only.  All new applications should use the
6594** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
6595*/
6596SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
6597
6598
6599/*
6600** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
6601** METHOD: sqlite3
6602**
6603** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
6604** information about column C of table T in database D
6605** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
6606** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
6607** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
6608** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
6609** SQLITE_ERROR if the specified column does not exist.
6610** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
6611** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
6612** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
6613** does not.  If the table name parameter T in a call to
6614** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is
6615** undefined behavior.
6616**
6617** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
6618** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
6619** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
6620** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
6621** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
6622** resolve unqualified table references.
6623**
6624** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
6625** name of the desired column, respectively.
6626**
6627** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
6628** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
6629** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
6630**
6631** ^(<blockquote>
6632** <table border="1">
6633** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
6634**
6635** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
6636** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
6637** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
6638** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
6639** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
6640** </table>
6641** </blockquote>)^
6642**
6643** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
6644** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
6645** call to any SQLite API function.
6646**
6647** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
6648**
6649** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
6650** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
6651** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
6652** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
6653** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
6654** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
6655**
6656** <pre>
6657**     data type: "INTEGER"
6658**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
6659**     not null: 0
6660**     primary key: 1
6661**     auto increment: 0
6662** </pre>)^
6663**
6664** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
6665** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
6666** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
6667*/
6668int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
6669  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
6670  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
6671  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
6672  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
6673  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
6674  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
6675  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
6676  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
6677  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
6678);
6679
6680/*
6681** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
6682** METHOD: sqlite3
6683**
6684** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
6685**
6686** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
6687** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
6688** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
6689** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
6690** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
6691** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
6692** be tried also.
6693**
6694** ^The entry point is zProc.
6695** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
6696** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
6697** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
6698** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
6699** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
6700** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
6701** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
6702** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
6703** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
6704** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
6705** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
6706** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
6707** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
6708**
6709** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
6710** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
6711** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
6712** prior to calling this API,
6713** otherwise an error will be returned.
6714**
6715** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
6716** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
6717** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
6718** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
6719** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6720** access to extension loading capabilities.
6721**
6722** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
6723*/
6724int sqlite3_load_extension(
6725  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
6726  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
6727  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
6728  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
6729);
6730
6731/*
6732** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
6733** METHOD: sqlite3
6734**
6735** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
6736** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
6737** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
6738** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
6739**
6740** ^Extension loading is off by default.
6741** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
6742** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
6743** it back off again.
6744**
6745** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
6746** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
6747** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
6748** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
6749**
6750** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
6751** be enabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
6752** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
6753** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6754** access to extension loading capabilities.
6755*/
6756int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
6757
6758/*
6759** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
6760**
6761** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
6762** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
6763** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
6764** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
6765**
6766** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
6767** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
6768** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
6769** entry point where as follows:
6770**
6771** <blockquote><pre>
6772** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
6773** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
6774** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
6775** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
6776** &nbsp;  );
6777** </pre></blockquote>)^
6778**
6779** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
6780** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
6781** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
6782** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
6783** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
6784** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
6785** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
6786**
6787** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
6788** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
6789** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
6790**
6791** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
6792** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
6793*/
6794int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6795
6796/*
6797** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
6798**
6799** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
6800** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
6801** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
6802** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
6803** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
6804** routines.
6805*/
6806int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6807
6808/*
6809** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
6810**
6811** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
6812** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
6813*/
6814void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
6815
6816/*
6817** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
6818** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6819** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6820**
6821** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6822** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6823*/
6824
6825/*
6826** Structures used by the virtual table interface
6827*/
6828typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
6829typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
6830typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
6831typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
6832
6833/*
6834** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
6835** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
6836**
6837** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
6838** defines the implementation of a [virtual table].
6839** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
6840**
6841** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
6842** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
6843** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
6844** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
6845** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
6846** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
6847** any database connection.
6848*/
6849struct sqlite3_module {
6850  int iVersion;
6851  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6852               int argc, const char *const*argv,
6853               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6854  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6855               int argc, const char *const*argv,
6856               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6857  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
6858  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6859  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6860  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
6861  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6862  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
6863                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
6864  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6865  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6866  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
6867  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
6868  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
6869  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6870  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6871  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6872  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6873  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
6874                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
6875                       void **ppArg);
6876  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
6877  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
6878  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
6879  int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6880  int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6881  int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6882  /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object.
6883  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */
6884  int (*xShadowName)(const char*);
6885};
6886
6887/*
6888** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
6889** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
6890**
6891** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
6892** of the [virtual table] interface to
6893** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
6894** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
6895** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
6896** results into the **Outputs** fields.
6897**
6898** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
6899**
6900** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
6901**
6902** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
6903** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
6904** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
6905** ^(The index of the column is stored in
6906** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
6907** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
6908** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
6909**
6910** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
6911** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
6912** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
6913** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
6914** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
6915**
6916** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
6917** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
6918**
6919** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
6920** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
6921** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
6922** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
6923** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
6924** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
6925** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
6926** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
6927** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
6928** non-zero.
6929**
6930** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
6931** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
6932** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
6933** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
6934** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
6935** virtual table and might not be checked again by the byte code.)^ ^(The
6936** aConstraintUsage[].omit flag is an optimization hint. When the omit flag
6937** is left in its default setting of false, the constraint will always be
6938** checked separately in byte code.  If the omit flag is change to true, then
6939** the constraint may or may not be checked in byte code.  In other words,
6940** when the omit flag is true there is no guarantee that the constraint will
6941** not be checked again using byte code.)^
6942**
6943** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
6944** [xFilter] method.
6945** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
6946** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
6947**
6948** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
6949** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
6950** sorting step is required.
6951**
6952** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
6953** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
6954** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
6955** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
6956** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
6957**
6958** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
6959** will be returned by the strategy.
6960**
6961** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
6962** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
6963** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
6964** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
6965**
6966** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
6967** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
6968** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
6969** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
6970** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
6971** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
6972** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
6973** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
6974** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
6975**
6976** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
6977** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
6978** If a virtual table extension is
6979** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
6980** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
6981** to include crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
6982** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
6983** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
6984** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
6985** It may therefore only be used if
6986** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
6987** 3009000.
6988*/
6989struct sqlite3_index_info {
6990  /* Inputs */
6991  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
6992  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
6993     int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
6994     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
6995     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
6996     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
6997  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
6998  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
6999  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
7000     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
7001     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
7002  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
7003  /* Outputs */
7004  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
7005    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
7006    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
7007  } *aConstraintUsage;
7008  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
7009  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
7010  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
7011  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
7012  double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
7013  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
7014  sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
7015  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
7016  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
7017  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
7018  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
7019};
7020
7021/*
7022** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
7023**
7024** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the
7025** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
7026** these bits.
7027*/
7028#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
7029
7030/*
7031** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
7032**
7033** These macros define the allowed values for the
7034** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
7035** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
7036** a query that uses a [virtual table].
7037*/
7038#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ         2
7039#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT         4
7040#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE         8
7041#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT        16
7042#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE        32
7043#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH     64
7044#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE      65
7045#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB      66
7046#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP    67
7047#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE        68
7048#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT     69
7049#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70
7050#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL    71
7051#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS        72
7052#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION 150
7053
7054/*
7055** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
7056** METHOD: sqlite3
7057**
7058** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
7059** ^Module names must be registered before
7060** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
7061** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
7062**
7063** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
7064** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
7065** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
7066** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
7067** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
7068** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
7069** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
7070**
7071** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
7072** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
7073** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
7074** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
7075** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
7076** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
7077** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
7078** destructor.
7079**
7080** ^If the third parameter (the pointer to the sqlite3_module object) is
7081** NULL then no new module is create and any existing modules with the
7082** same name are dropped.
7083**
7084** See also: [sqlite3_drop_modules()]
7085*/
7086int sqlite3_create_module(
7087  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
7088  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
7089  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
7090  void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
7091);
7092int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
7093  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
7094  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
7095  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
7096  void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
7097  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
7098);
7099
7100/*
7101** CAPI3REF: Remove Unnecessary Virtual Table Implementations
7102** METHOD: sqlite3
7103**
7104** ^The sqlite3_drop_modules(D,L) interface removes all virtual
7105** table modules from database connection D except those named on list L.
7106** The L parameter must be either NULL or a pointer to an array of pointers
7107** to strings where the array is terminated by a single NULL pointer.
7108** ^If the L parameter is NULL, then all virtual table modules are removed.
7109**
7110** See also: [sqlite3_create_module()]
7111*/
7112int sqlite3_drop_modules(
7113  sqlite3 *db,                /* Remove modules from this connection */
7114  const char **azKeep         /* Except, do not remove the ones named here */
7115);
7116
7117/*
7118** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
7119** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
7120**
7121** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
7122** of this object to describe a particular instance
7123** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
7124** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
7125** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
7126** common to all module implementations.
7127**
7128** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
7129** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
7130** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
7131** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
7132** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
7133** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
7134*/
7135struct sqlite3_vtab {
7136  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
7137  int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
7138  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
7139  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7140};
7141
7142/*
7143** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
7144** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
7145**
7146** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
7147** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
7148** [virtual table] and are used
7149** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
7150** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
7151** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
7152** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
7153** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
7154** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
7155**
7156** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
7157** are common to all implementations.
7158*/
7159struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
7160  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
7161  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7162};
7163
7164/*
7165** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
7166**
7167** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
7168** [virtual table module] call this interface
7169** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
7170** the virtual tables they implement.
7171*/
7172int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
7173
7174/*
7175** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
7176** METHOD: sqlite3
7177**
7178** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
7179** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
7180** But global versions of those functions
7181** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
7182**
7183** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
7184** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
7185** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
7186** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
7187** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
7188** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
7189** by a [virtual table].
7190*/
7191int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
7192
7193/*
7194** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
7195** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
7196** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
7197** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
7198**
7199** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
7200** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
7201*/
7202
7203/*
7204** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
7205** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
7206**
7207** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
7208** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
7209** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
7210** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7211** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
7212** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
7213** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
7214*/
7215typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
7216
7217/*
7218** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
7219** METHOD: sqlite3
7220** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7221**
7222** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
7223** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
7224** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
7225**
7226** <pre>
7227**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
7228** </pre>)^
7229**
7230** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
7231** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
7232** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
7233** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
7234** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
7235**
7236** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
7237** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
7238** read-only access.
7239**
7240** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
7241** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
7242** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
7243** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
7244** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
7245**
7246** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
7247** <ul>
7248**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
7249**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
7250**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
7251**   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
7252**   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
7253**   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
7254**         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
7255**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
7256**         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
7257**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
7258**         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
7259**         being opened for read/write access)^.
7260** </ul>
7261**
7262** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
7263** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7264** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7265**
7266** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
7267** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
7268** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
7269** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
7270** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
7271** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
7272**
7273** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
7274** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
7275** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
7276** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
7277** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
7278** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
7279** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7280** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
7281** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
7282** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
7283**
7284** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
7285** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
7286** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
7287** blob.
7288**
7289** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
7290** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
7291** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
7292**
7293** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
7294** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7295**
7296** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
7297** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
7298** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7299*/
7300int sqlite3_blob_open(
7301  sqlite3*,
7302  const char *zDb,
7303  const char *zTable,
7304  const char *zColumn,
7305  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
7306  int flags,
7307  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
7308);
7309
7310/*
7311** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
7312** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7313**
7314** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
7315** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
7316** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
7317** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
7318** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
7319** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
7320**
7321** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
7322** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
7323** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
7324** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
7325** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
7326** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
7327** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
7328** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
7329** always returns zero.
7330**
7331** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
7332*/
7333int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
7334
7335/*
7336** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
7337** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7338**
7339** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
7340** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
7341** handle is still closed.)^
7342**
7343** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
7344** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
7345** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
7346** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
7347** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
7348**
7349** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
7350** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
7351** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
7352** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
7353** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
7354** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
7355*/
7356int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
7357
7358/*
7359** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
7360** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7361**
7362** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
7363** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
7364** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
7365** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
7366**
7367** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7368** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7369** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7370** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7371*/
7372int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
7373
7374/*
7375** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
7376** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7377**
7378** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
7379** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
7380** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7381**
7382** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7383** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
7384** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
7385** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
7386** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
7387**
7388** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7389** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7390**
7391** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
7392** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7393**
7394** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7395** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7396** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7397** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7398**
7399** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7400*/
7401int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
7402
7403/*
7404** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
7405** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7406**
7407** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
7408** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
7409** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7410**
7411** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
7412** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7413** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
7414** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7415** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7416**
7417** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
7418** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
7419** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
7420**
7421** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
7422** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
7423** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7424** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
7425** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
7426** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
7427** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
7428**
7429** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7430** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
7431** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
7432** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
7433** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
7434** or by other independent statements.
7435**
7436** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7437** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7438** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7439** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7440**
7441** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
7442*/
7443int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
7444
7445/*
7446** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
7447**
7448** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
7449** that SQLite uses to interact
7450** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
7451** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
7452** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
7453** The following interfaces are provided.
7454**
7455** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
7456** ^Names are case sensitive.
7457** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
7458** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
7459** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
7460**
7461** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
7462** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
7463** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
7464** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
7465** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
7466** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
7467** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
7468** then the behavior is undefined.
7469**
7470** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
7471** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
7472** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
7473*/
7474sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
7475int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
7476int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
7477
7478/*
7479** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
7480**
7481** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
7482** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
7483** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
7484** permitted to use any of these routines.
7485**
7486** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
7487** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
7488** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
7489** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
7490**
7491** <ul>
7492** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
7493** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
7494** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
7495** </ul>
7496**
7497** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
7498** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
7499** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
7500** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
7501** and Windows.
7502**
7503** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
7504** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
7505** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
7506** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
7507** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
7508** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
7509** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
7510**
7511** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
7512** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7513** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
7514** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
7515** integer constants:
7516**
7517** <ul>
7518** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7519** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7520** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN
7521** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
7522** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
7523** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
7524** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
7525** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
7526** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
7527** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
7528** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
7529** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
7530** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
7531** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
7532** </ul>
7533**
7534** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
7535** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
7536** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7537** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
7538** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
7539** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
7540** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
7541** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
7542** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
7543** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
7544**
7545** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
7546** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
7547** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
7548** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
7549** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
7550** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
7551** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
7552** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
7553**
7554** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7555** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7556** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
7557** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
7558** the same type number.
7559**
7560** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
7561** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
7562** mutex results in undefined behavior.
7563**
7564** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
7565** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
7566** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
7567** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
7568** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
7569** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
7570** In such cases, the
7571** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
7572** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
7573** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
7574**
7575** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
7576** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
7577** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
7578** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
7579** behavior.)^
7580**
7581** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
7582** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
7583** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
7584** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
7585**
7586** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
7587** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
7588** behave as no-ops.
7589**
7590** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
7591*/
7592sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
7593void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
7594void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
7595int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
7596void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
7597
7598/*
7599** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
7600**
7601** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
7602** used to allocate and use mutexes.
7603**
7604** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
7605** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
7606** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
7607** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
7608** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
7609** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
7610** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
7611** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
7612** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
7613**
7614** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
7615** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
7616** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
7617** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
7618**
7619** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
7620** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
7621** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
7622** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
7623** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
7624** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7625**
7626** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
7627** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
7628** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
7629**
7630** <ul>
7631**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
7632**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
7633**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
7634**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
7635**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
7636**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
7637**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
7638** </ul>)^
7639**
7640** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
7641** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
7642** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
7643** by this structure are not required to handle this case. The results
7644** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
7645** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
7646** it is passed a NULL pointer).
7647**
7648** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
7649** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
7650** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
7651** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
7652**
7653** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
7654** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
7655** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
7656** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
7657**
7658** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
7659** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
7660** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
7661** prior to returning.
7662*/
7663typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
7664struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
7665  int (*xMutexInit)(void);
7666  int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
7667  sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
7668  void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7669  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7670  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7671  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7672  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7673  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7674};
7675
7676/*
7677** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
7678**
7679** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
7680** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
7681** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
7682** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
7683** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
7684** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
7685** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
7686** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
7687**
7688** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
7689** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
7690**
7691** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
7692** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
7693** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
7694** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
7695**
7696** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
7697** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
7698** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
7699** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
7700** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
7701** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
7702** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
7703** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
7704*/
7705#ifndef NDEBUG
7706int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
7707int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
7708#endif
7709
7710/*
7711** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
7712**
7713** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
7714** which is one of these integer constants.
7715**
7716** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
7717** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
7718** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
7719*/
7720#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
7721#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
7722#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN      2
7723#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
7724#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
7725#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
7726#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
7727#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
7728#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
7729#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
7730#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
7731#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
7732#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
7733#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
7734#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
7735#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
7736
7737/* Legacy compatibility: */
7738#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
7739
7740
7741/*
7742** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
7743** METHOD: sqlite3
7744**
7745** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
7746** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
7747** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
7748** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
7749** routine returns a NULL pointer.
7750*/
7751sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
7752
7753/*
7754** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
7755** METHOD: sqlite3
7756** KEYWORDS: {file control}
7757**
7758** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
7759** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
7760** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
7761** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
7762** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
7763** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
7764** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
7765** main database file.
7766** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
7767** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
7768** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
7769** method becomes the return value of this routine.
7770**
7771** A few opcodes for [sqlite3_file_control()] are handled directly
7772** by the SQLite core and never invoke the
7773** sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
7774** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes
7775** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
7776** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  The
7777** [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] works similarly except that it returns
7778** the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file instead of
7779** the main database.  The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode returns
7780** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_vfs] object for the file.
7781** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] returns the data version counter
7782** from the pager.
7783**
7784** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
7785** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
7786** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
7787** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
7788** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
7789** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
7790** xFileControl method.
7791**
7792** See also: [file control opcodes]
7793*/
7794int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
7795
7796/*
7797** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
7798**
7799** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
7800** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
7801** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
7802** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
7803**
7804** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
7805** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
7806** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
7807**
7808** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
7809** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
7810** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
7811** operate consistently from one release to the next.
7812*/
7813int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
7814
7815/*
7816** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
7817**
7818** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
7819** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
7820**
7821** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
7822** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
7823** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
7824** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
7825*/
7826#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
7827#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
7828#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
7829#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7  /* NOT USED */
7830#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
7831#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
7832#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
7833#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
7834#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
7835#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
7836#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14  /* NOT USED */
7837#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
7838#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16  /* NOT USED */
7839#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17  /* NOT USED */
7840#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS      17
7841#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
7842#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
7843#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
7844#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
7845#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
7846#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
7847#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
7848#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
7849#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
7850#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE         26
7851#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL          27
7852#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED               28
7853#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS     29
7854#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT              30
7855#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS              31
7856#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE                    32
7857#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    32  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
7858
7859/*
7860** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking
7861**
7862** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords
7863** recognized by SQLite.  Applications can uses these routines to determine
7864** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example,
7865** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser.
7866**
7867** The sqlite3_keyword_count() interface returns the number of distinct
7868** keywords understood by SQLite.
7869**
7870** The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) interface finds the N-th keyword and
7871** makes *Z point to that keyword expressed as UTF8 and writes the number
7872** of bytes in the keyword into *L.  The string that *Z points to is not
7873** zero-terminated.  The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) routine returns
7874** SQLITE_OK if N is within bounds and SQLITE_ERROR if not. If either Z
7875** or L are NULL or invalid pointers then calls to
7876** sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) result in undefined behavior.
7877**
7878** The sqlite3_keyword_check(Z,L) interface checks to see whether or not
7879** the L-byte UTF8 identifier that Z points to is a keyword, returning non-zero
7880** if it is and zero if not.
7881**
7882** The parser used by SQLite is forgiving.  It is often possible to use
7883** a keyword as an identifier as long as such use does not result in a
7884** parsing ambiguity.  For example, the statement
7885** "CREATE TABLE BEGIN(REPLACE,PRAGMA,END);" is accepted by SQLite, and
7886** creates a new table named "BEGIN" with three columns named
7887** "REPLACE", "PRAGMA", and "END".  Nevertheless, best practice is to avoid
7888** using keywords as identifiers.  Common techniques used to avoid keyword
7889** name collisions include:
7890** <ul>
7891** <li> Put all identifier names inside double-quotes.  This is the official
7892**      SQL way to escape identifier names.
7893** <li> Put identifier names inside &#91;...&#93;.  This is not standard SQL,
7894**      but it is what SQL Server does and so lots of programmers use this
7895**      technique.
7896** <li> Begin every identifier with the letter "Z" as no SQL keywords start
7897**      with "Z".
7898** <li> Include a digit somewhere in every identifier name.
7899** </ul>
7900**
7901** Note that the number of keywords understood by SQLite can depend on
7902** compile-time options.  For example, "VACUUM" is not a keyword if
7903** SQLite is compiled with the [-DSQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM] option.  Also,
7904** new keywords may be added to future releases of SQLite.
7905*/
7906int sqlite3_keyword_count(void);
7907int sqlite3_keyword_name(int,const char**,int*);
7908int sqlite3_keyword_check(const char*,int);
7909
7910/*
7911** CAPI3REF: Dynamic String Object
7912** KEYWORDS: {dynamic string}
7913**
7914** An instance of the sqlite3_str object contains a dynamically-sized
7915** string under construction.
7916**
7917** The lifecycle of an sqlite3_str object is as follows:
7918** <ol>
7919** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is created using [sqlite3_str_new()].
7920** <li> ^Text is appended to the sqlite3_str object using various
7921** methods, such as [sqlite3_str_appendf()].
7922** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is destroyed and the string it created
7923** is returned using the [sqlite3_str_finish()] interface.
7924** </ol>
7925*/
7926typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;
7927
7928/*
7929** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
7930** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7931**
7932** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes
7933** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
7934** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to
7935** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
7936**
7937** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
7938** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
7939** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
7940** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from
7941** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for
7942** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
7943** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
7944** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
7945** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
7946**
7947** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
7948** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
7949** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
7950** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
7951** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
7952*/
7953sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3*);
7954
7955/*
7956** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Dynamic String
7957** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7958**
7959** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface destroys the sqlite3_str object X
7960** and returns a pointer to a memory buffer obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
7961** that contains the constructed string.  The calling application should
7962** pass the returned value to [sqlite3_free()] to avoid a memory leak.
7963** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface may return a NULL pointer if any
7964** errors were encountered during construction of the string.  ^The
7965** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface will also return a NULL pointer if the
7966** string in [sqlite3_str] object X is zero bytes long.
7967*/
7968char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
7969
7970/*
7971** CAPI3REF: Add Content To A Dynamic String
7972** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7973**
7974** These interfaces add content to an sqlite3_str object previously obtained
7975** from [sqlite3_str_new()].
7976**
7977** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and
7978** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf]
7979** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of
7980** [sqlite3_str] object X.
7981**
7982** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S
7983** onto the end of the [sqlite3_str] object X.  N must be non-negative.
7984** S must contain at least N non-zero bytes of content.  To append a
7985** zero-terminated string in its entirety, use the [sqlite3_str_appendall()]
7986** method instead.
7987**
7988** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendall(X,S)] method appends the complete content of
7989** zero-terminated string S onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7990**
7991** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendchar(X,N,C)] method appends N copies of the
7992** single-byte character C onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7993** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation.
7994**
7995** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction
7996** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length.
7997**
7998** These methods do not return a result code.  ^If an error occurs, that fact
7999** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a
8000** subsequent call to [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)].
8001*/
8002void sqlite3_str_appendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, ...);
8003void sqlite3_str_vappendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, va_list);
8004void sqlite3_str_append(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N);
8005void sqlite3_str_appendall(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn);
8006void sqlite3_str_appendchar(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C);
8007void sqlite3_str_reset(sqlite3_str*);
8008
8009/*
8010** CAPI3REF: Status Of A Dynamic String
8011** METHOD: sqlite3_str
8012**
8013** These interfaces return the current status of an [sqlite3_str] object.
8014**
8015** ^If any prior errors have occurred while constructing the dynamic string
8016** in sqlite3_str X, then the [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method will return
8017** an appropriate error code.  ^The [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method returns
8018** [SQLITE_NOMEM] following any out-of-memory error, or
8019** [SQLITE_TOOBIG] if the size of the dynamic string exceeds
8020** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH], or [SQLITE_OK] if there have been no errors.
8021**
8022** ^The [sqlite3_str_length(X)] method returns the current length, in bytes,
8023** of the dynamic string under construction in [sqlite3_str] object X.
8024** ^The length returned by [sqlite3_str_length(X)] does not include the
8025** zero-termination byte.
8026**
8027** ^The [sqlite3_str_value(X)] method returns a pointer to the current
8028** content of the dynamic string under construction in X.  The value
8029** returned by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] is managed by the sqlite3_str object X
8030** and might be freed or altered by any subsequent method on the same
8031** [sqlite3_str] object.  Applications must not used the pointer returned
8032** [sqlite3_str_value(X)] after any subsequent method call on the same
8033** object.  ^Applications may change the content of the string returned
8034** by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] as long as they do not write into any bytes
8035** outside the range of 0 to [sqlite3_str_length(X)] and do not read or
8036** write any byte after any subsequent sqlite3_str method call.
8037*/
8038int sqlite3_str_errcode(sqlite3_str*);
8039int sqlite3_str_length(sqlite3_str*);
8040char *sqlite3_str_value(sqlite3_str*);
8041
8042/*
8043** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
8044**
8045** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
8046** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
8047** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
8048** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
8049** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
8050** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
8051** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
8052** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
8053** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
8054** value.  For those parameters
8055** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
8056** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
8057** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
8058**
8059** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
8060** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
8061**
8062** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
8063** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
8064** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
8065**
8066** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
8067*/
8068int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
8069int sqlite3_status64(
8070  int op,
8071  sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
8072  sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
8073  int resetFlag
8074);
8075
8076
8077/*
8078** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
8079** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
8080**
8081** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
8082** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
8083**
8084** <dl>
8085** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
8086** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
8087** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
8088** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
8089** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Auxiliary page-cache
8090** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
8091** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
8092** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
8093**
8094** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
8095** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
8096** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
8097** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
8098** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
8099** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
8100**
8101** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
8102** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
8103** currently checked out.</dd>)^
8104**
8105** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
8106** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
8107** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
8108** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
8109** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
8110**
8111** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
8112** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
8113** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
8114** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
8115** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
8116** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
8117** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
8118** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
8119** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
8120**
8121** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
8122** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
8123** handed to the [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
8124** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
8125** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
8126**
8127** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
8128** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8129**
8130** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
8131** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8132**
8133** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
8134** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8135**
8136** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
8137** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
8138** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
8139** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
8140** </dl>
8141**
8142** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
8143*/
8144#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
8145#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
8146#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
8147#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3  /* NOT USED */
8148#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4  /* NOT USED */
8149#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
8150#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
8151#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
8152#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8  /* NOT USED */
8153#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
8154
8155/*
8156** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
8157** METHOD: sqlite3
8158**
8159** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
8160** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
8161** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
8162** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
8163** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
8164** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
8165** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
8166** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
8167**
8168** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
8169** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
8170** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
8171** reset back down to the current value.
8172**
8173** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
8174** non-zero [error code] on failure.
8175**
8176** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
8177*/
8178int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
8179
8180/*
8181** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
8182** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
8183**
8184** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
8185** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
8186**
8187** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
8188** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
8189** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
8190** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
8191** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
8192**
8193** <dl>
8194** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
8195** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
8196** checked out.</dd>)^
8197**
8198** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
8199** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that were
8200** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8201** the current value is always zero.)^
8202**
8203** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
8204** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
8205** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8206** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
8207** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
8208** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8209** the current value is always zero.)^
8210**
8211** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
8212** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
8213** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8214** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
8215** memory already being in use.
8216** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8217** the current value is always zero.)^
8218**
8219** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
8220** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8221** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
8222** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
8223**
8224** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
8225** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
8226** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
8227** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
8228** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
8229** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
8230** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
8231** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
8232** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
8233** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
8234** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
8235**
8236** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
8237** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8238** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
8239** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
8240** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
8241** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
8242** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
8243** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
8244**
8245** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
8246** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8247** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
8248** the database connection.)^
8249** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
8250** </dd>
8251**
8252** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
8253** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
8254** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
8255** is always 0.
8256** </dd>
8257**
8258** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
8259** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
8260** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
8261** is always 0.
8262** </dd>
8263**
8264** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
8265** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8266** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
8267** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
8268** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
8269** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
8270** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
8271** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
8272** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
8273** </dd>
8274**
8275** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL</dt>
8276** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8277** been written to disk in the middle of a transaction due to the page
8278** cache overflowing. Transactions are more efficient if they are written
8279** to disk all at once. When pages spill mid-transaction, that introduces
8280** additional overhead. This parameter can be used help identify
8281** inefficiencies that can be resolved by increasing the cache size.
8282** </dd>
8283**
8284** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
8285** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
8286** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
8287** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
8288** </dd>
8289** </dl>
8290*/
8291#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
8292#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
8293#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
8294#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
8295#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
8296#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
8297#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
8298#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
8299#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
8300#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
8301#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
8302#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
8303#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         12
8304#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 12   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
8305
8306
8307/*
8308** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
8309** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8310**
8311** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
8312** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
8313** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
8314** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
8315** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
8316** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
8317** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
8318** an index.
8319**
8320** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
8321** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
8322** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
8323** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
8324** to be interrogated.)^
8325** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
8326** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
8327** interface call returns.
8328**
8329** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
8330*/
8331int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
8332
8333/*
8334** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
8335** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
8336**
8337** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
8338** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
8339** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
8340**
8341** <dl>
8342** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
8343** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
8344** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
8345** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
8346** careful use of indices.</dd>
8347**
8348** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
8349** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
8350** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8351** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
8352**
8353** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
8354** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
8355** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
8356** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8357** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
8358** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
8359**
8360** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
8361** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
8362** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
8363** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
8364** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
8365** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
8366** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
8367**
8368** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt>
8369** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been
8370** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or changes to
8371** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan.
8372**
8373** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt>
8374** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has
8375** been run.  A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one
8376** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()].
8377** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each
8378** cycle.
8379**
8380** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED</dt>
8381** <dd>^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory
8382** used to store the prepared statement.  ^This value is not actually
8383** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status()
8384** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED.
8385** </dd>
8386** </dl>
8387*/
8388#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
8389#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
8390#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
8391#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
8392#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE         5
8393#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN               6
8394#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED           99
8395
8396/*
8397** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8398**
8399** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
8400** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
8401** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
8402** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
8403** to the object.
8404**
8405** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8406*/
8407typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
8408
8409/*
8410** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8411**
8412** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
8413** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
8414** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
8415** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
8416**
8417** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8418*/
8419typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
8420struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
8421  void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
8422  void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
8423};
8424
8425/*
8426** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
8427** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
8428**
8429** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
8430** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
8431** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
8432** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
8433** SQLite is used for the page cache.
8434** By implementing a
8435** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
8436** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
8437** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
8438** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
8439** how long.
8440**
8441** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
8442** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
8443** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
8444**
8445** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
8446** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
8447** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
8448** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
8449**
8450** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
8451** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
8452** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
8453** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
8454** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
8455** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
8456** required by the custom page cache implementation.
8457** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
8458** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
8459** page cache.)^
8460**
8461** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
8462** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
8463** It can be used to clean up
8464** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
8465** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
8466**
8467** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
8468** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
8469** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
8470** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
8471** in multithreaded applications.
8472**
8473** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
8474** call to xShutdown().
8475**
8476** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
8477** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
8478** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
8479** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
8480** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
8481** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
8482** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
8483** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
8484** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
8485** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
8486** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
8487** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
8488** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
8489** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
8490** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
8491** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
8492** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
8493** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
8494** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
8495** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
8496** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
8497** never contain any unpinned pages.
8498**
8499** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
8500** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
8501** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
8502** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
8503** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
8504** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
8505** value; it is advisory only.
8506**
8507** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
8508** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
8509** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
8510**
8511** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
8512** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
8513** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
8514** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
8515** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
8516** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
8517** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
8518** for each entry in the page cache.
8519**
8520** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
8521** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
8522** to be "pinned".
8523**
8524** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
8525** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
8526** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
8527** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
8528** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
8529**
8530** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
8531** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
8532** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
8533** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
8534**                 Otherwise return NULL.
8535** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
8536**                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
8537** </table>
8538**
8539** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
8540** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
8541** failed.)^  In between the xFetch() calls, SQLite may
8542** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
8543** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
8544**
8545** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
8546** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
8547** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
8548** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
8549** ^If the discard parameter is
8550** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
8551** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
8552** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
8553**
8554** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
8555** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
8556** to xFetch().
8557**
8558** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
8559** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
8560** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
8561** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
8562** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
8563** to be pinned.
8564**
8565** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
8566** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
8567** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
8568** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
8569** they can be safely discarded.
8570**
8571** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
8572** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
8573** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
8574** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
8575** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
8576** functions.
8577**
8578** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
8579** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
8580** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
8581** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
8582** do their best.
8583*/
8584typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
8585struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
8586  int iVersion;
8587  void *pArg;
8588  int (*xInit)(void*);
8589  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8590  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
8591  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8592  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8593  sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8594  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
8595  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
8596      unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8597  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8598  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8599  void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8600};
8601
8602/*
8603** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
8604** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
8605** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
8606*/
8607typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
8608struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
8609  void *pArg;
8610  int (*xInit)(void*);
8611  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8612  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
8613  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8614  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8615  void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8616  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
8617  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8618  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8619  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8620};
8621
8622
8623/*
8624** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
8625**
8626** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
8627** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
8628** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
8629** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
8630**
8631** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8632*/
8633typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
8634
8635/*
8636** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
8637**
8638** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
8639** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
8640** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
8641**
8642** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8643**
8644** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
8645** for the duration of the backup operation.
8646** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
8647** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
8648** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
8649** preventing other database connections from
8650** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
8651**
8652** ^(To perform a backup operation:
8653**   <ol>
8654**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
8655**         backup,
8656**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
8657**         the data between the two databases, and finally
8658**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
8659**         associated with the backup operation.
8660**   </ol>)^
8661** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
8662** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
8663**
8664** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
8665**
8666** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
8667** [database connection] associated with the destination database
8668** and the database name, respectively.
8669** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
8670** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
8671** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
8672** ^The S and M arguments passed to
8673** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
8674** and database name of the source database, respectively.
8675** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
8676** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
8677** an error.
8678**
8679** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
8680** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
8681** destination database.
8682**
8683** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
8684** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
8685** destination [database connection] D.
8686** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
8687** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
8688** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
8689** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
8690** [sqlite3_backup] object.
8691** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
8692** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
8693** operation.
8694**
8695** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
8696**
8697** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
8698** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
8699** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
8700** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
8701** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
8702** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
8703** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
8704** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
8705** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
8706** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
8707** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
8708** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
8709**
8710** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
8711** <ol>
8712** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
8713** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
8714** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
8715** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
8716** destination and source page sizes differ.
8717** </ol>)^
8718**
8719** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
8720** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
8721** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
8722** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
8723** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
8724** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
8725** [database connection]
8726** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
8727** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
8728** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
8729** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
8730** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
8731** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
8732** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
8733** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
8734** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
8735**
8736** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
8737** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
8738** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
8739** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
8740** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
8741** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
8742** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
8743** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
8744** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
8745** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
8746** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
8747** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
8748** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
8749** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
8750** updated at the same time.
8751**
8752** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
8753**
8754** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
8755** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
8756** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8757** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
8758** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
8759** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
8760** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
8761** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
8762** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8763**
8764** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
8765** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
8766** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
8767** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
8768** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
8769** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
8770**
8771** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
8772** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
8773** sqlite3_backup_finish().
8774**
8775** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
8776** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
8777**
8778** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
8779** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
8780** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
8781** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
8782** sqlite3_backup_step().
8783** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
8784** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
8785** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
8786** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8787** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
8788** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
8789**
8790** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
8791**
8792** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
8793** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
8794** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
8795** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
8796** from within other threads.
8797**
8798** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
8799** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
8800** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
8801** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
8802** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
8803** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
8804** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
8805** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
8806**
8807** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
8808** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
8809** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
8810** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
8811** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
8812** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
8813**
8814** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
8815** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
8816** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8817** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
8818** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
8819** possible that they return invalid values.
8820*/
8821sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
8822  sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
8823  const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
8824  sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
8825  const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
8826);
8827int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
8828int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
8829int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
8830int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
8831
8832/*
8833** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
8834** METHOD: sqlite3
8835**
8836** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
8837** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
8838** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
8839** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
8840** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
8841** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
8842** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
8843** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
8844**
8845** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
8846**
8847** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
8848** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
8849**
8850** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
8851** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
8852** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
8853** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
8854** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
8855** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
8856** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
8857** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
8858** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
8859** call that concludes the blocking connection's transaction.
8860**
8861** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
8862** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
8863** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
8864** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
8865** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
8866**
8867** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
8868** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
8869** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
8870** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
8871**
8872** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
8873** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
8874** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
8875** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
8876** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
8877** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
8878** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
8879** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
8880**
8881** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
8882** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
8883** crash or deadlock may be the result.
8884**
8885** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
8886** returns SQLITE_OK.
8887**
8888** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
8889**
8890** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
8891** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
8892** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
8893** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
8894** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
8895** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
8896**
8897** When a blocking connection's transaction is concluded, there may be
8898** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
8899** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
8900** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
8901** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
8902** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
8903** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
8904** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
8905**
8906** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
8907**
8908** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
8909** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
8910** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
8911** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
8912** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
8913** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
8914** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
8915**
8916** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
8917** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
8918** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
8919** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
8920** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
8921** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
8922** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
8923** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
8924** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
8925** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
8926** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
8927** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
8928**
8929** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
8930**
8931** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
8932** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
8933** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
8934** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
8935** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
8936** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
8937** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
8938** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
8939** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
8940**
8941** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
8942** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
8943** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
8944** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
8945** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
8946*/
8947int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
8948  sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
8949  void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
8950  void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
8951);
8952
8953
8954/*
8955** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
8956**
8957** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
8958** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
8959** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
8960** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
8961*/
8962int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
8963int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
8964
8965/*
8966** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
8967*
8968** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
8969** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
8970** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
8971** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
8972** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
8973** is case sensitive.
8974**
8975** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8976** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8977**
8978** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
8979*/
8980int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
8981
8982/*
8983** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
8984*
8985** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
8986** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
8987** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
8988** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
8989** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
8990** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
8991** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
8992** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
8993** one another.
8994**
8995** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
8996** only ASCII characters are case folded.
8997**
8998** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8999** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
9000**
9001** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
9002*/
9003int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
9004
9005/*
9006** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
9007**
9008** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
9009** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
9010** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
9011** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
9012**
9013** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
9014** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
9015** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
9016** is considered bad form.
9017**
9018** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
9019**
9020** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
9021** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
9022** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
9023** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
9024** buffer.
9025*/
9026void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
9027
9028/*
9029** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
9030** METHOD: sqlite3
9031**
9032** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
9033** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
9034**
9035** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
9036** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
9037** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
9038**
9039** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
9040** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
9041** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
9042** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
9043** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
9044** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
9045** including those that were just committed.
9046**
9047** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
9048** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
9049** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
9050** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
9051** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
9052** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
9053** are undefined.
9054**
9055** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
9056** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
9057** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^The return value is
9058** a copy of the third parameter from the previous call, if any, or 0.
9059** ^Note that the [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
9060** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
9061** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
9062*/
9063void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
9064  sqlite3*,
9065  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
9066  void*
9067);
9068
9069/*
9070** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
9071** METHOD: sqlite3
9072**
9073** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
9074** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
9075** to automatically [checkpoint]
9076** after committing a transaction if there are N or
9077** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
9078** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
9079** checkpoints entirely.
9080**
9081** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
9082** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
9083** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
9084** configured by this function.
9085**
9086** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
9087** from SQL.
9088**
9089** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
9090** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
9091**
9092** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
9093** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
9094** pages.  The use of this interface
9095** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
9096** for a particular application.
9097*/
9098int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
9099
9100/*
9101** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
9102** METHOD: sqlite3
9103**
9104** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
9105** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
9106**
9107** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
9108** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
9109** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
9110** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
9111** information.
9112**
9113** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
9114** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
9115** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
9116** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
9117** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
9118** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
9119*/
9120int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9121
9122/*
9123** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
9124** METHOD: sqlite3
9125**
9126** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
9127** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
9128** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
9129** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
9130**
9131** <dl>
9132** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
9133**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
9134**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
9135**   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
9136**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
9137**   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
9138**   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
9139**
9140** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
9141**   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
9142**   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
9143**   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
9144**   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
9145**   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
9146**   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
9147**
9148** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
9149**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
9150**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
9151**   [busy-handler callback])
9152**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
9153**   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
9154**   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
9155**   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
9156**
9157** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
9158**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
9159**   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
9160**   to a successful return.
9161** </dl>
9162**
9163** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
9164** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
9165** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
9166** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
9167** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
9168** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
9169** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
9170** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
9171** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
9172**
9173** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
9174** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
9175** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
9176** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
9177**
9178** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
9179** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
9180** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
9181** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
9182** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
9183** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
9184** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
9185** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
9186** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
9187** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
9188**
9189** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
9190** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
9191** [database connection] db.  In this case the
9192** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
9193** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
9194** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
9195** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
9196** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
9197** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
9198** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
9199** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
9200**
9201** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
9202** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
9203** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
9204** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
9205**
9206** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
9207** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
9208** sets the error information that is queried by
9209** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
9210**
9211** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
9212** from SQL.
9213*/
9214int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
9215  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
9216  const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
9217  int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
9218  int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
9219  int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
9220);
9221
9222/*
9223** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
9224** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
9225**
9226** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
9227** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
9228** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
9229** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
9230*/
9231#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
9232#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
9233#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
9234#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
9235
9236/*
9237** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
9238**
9239** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
9240** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
9241** various facets of the virtual table interface.
9242**
9243** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
9244** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
9245**
9246** In the call sqlite3_vtab_config(D,C,...) the D parameter is the
9247** [database connection] in which the virtual table is being created and
9248** which is passed in as the first argument to the [xConnect] or [xCreate]
9249** method that is invoking sqlite3_vtab_config().  The C parameter is one
9250** of the [virtual table configuration options].  The presence and meaning
9251** of parameters after C depend on which [virtual table configuration option]
9252** is used.
9253*/
9254int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
9255
9256/*
9257** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
9258** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration options}
9259** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration option}
9260**
9261** These macros define the various options to the
9262** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
9263** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
9264**
9265** <dl>
9266** [[SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT]]
9267** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT</dt>
9268** <dd>Calls of the form
9269** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
9270** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
9271** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
9272** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
9273** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
9274** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
9275** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
9276** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
9277**
9278** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
9279** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
9280** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
9281** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
9282** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
9283** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
9284** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
9285** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
9286** had been ABORT.
9287**
9288** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
9289** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
9290** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
9291** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
9292** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
9293** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
9294** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
9295** constraint handling.
9296** </dd>
9297**
9298** [[SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY</dt>
9299** <dd>Calls of the form
9300** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY) from within the
9301** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9302** prohibits that virtual table from being used from within triggers and
9303** views.
9304** </dd>
9305**
9306** [[SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS</dt>
9307** <dd>Calls of the form
9308** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS) from within the
9309** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9310** identify that virtual table as being safe to use from within triggers
9311** and views.  Conceptually, the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS tag means that the
9312** virtual table can do no serious harm even if it is controlled by a
9313** malicious hacker.  Developers should avoid setting the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS
9314** flag unless absolutely necessary.
9315** </dd>
9316** </dl>
9317*/
9318#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
9319#define SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS          2
9320#define SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY         3
9321
9322/*
9323** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
9324**
9325** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
9326** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
9327** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
9328** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9329** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
9330** [virtual table].
9331*/
9332int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
9333
9334/*
9335** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
9336**
9337** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
9338** method of a [virtual table], then it might return true if the
9339** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
9340** column value will not change.  The virtual table implementation can use
9341** this hint as permission to substitute a return value that is less
9342** expensive to compute and that the corresponding
9343** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
9344**
9345** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
9346** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
9347** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
9348** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
9349** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
9350** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
9351**
9352** The sqlite3_vtab_nochange() routine is an optimization.  Virtual table
9353** implementations should continue to give a correct answer even if the
9354** sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface were to always return false.  In the
9355** current implementation, the sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface does always
9356** returns false for the enhanced [UPDATE FROM] statement.
9357*/
9358int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);
9359
9360/*
9361** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint
9362**
9363** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex]
9364** method of a [virtual table].
9365**
9366** The first argument must be the sqlite3_index_info object that is the
9367** first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument must be
9368** an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the sqlite3_index_info
9369** structure passed to xBestIndex. This function returns a pointer to a buffer
9370** containing the name of the collation sequence for the corresponding
9371** constraint.
9372*/
9373SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int);
9374
9375/*
9376** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
9377** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
9378**
9379** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
9380** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9381** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
9382**
9383** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
9384** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
9385** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
9386*/
9387#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
9388/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
9389#define SQLITE_FAIL     3
9390/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
9391#define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
9392
9393/*
9394** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
9395** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
9396**
9397** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
9398** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
9399** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
9400**
9401** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
9402** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
9403** S is finalized.
9404**
9405** <dl>
9406** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
9407** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be
9408** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
9409**
9410** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
9411** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9412** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
9413**
9414** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
9415** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9416** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
9417** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
9418** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
9419** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
9420** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
9421**
9422** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
9423** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9424** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
9425** used for the X-th loop.
9426**
9427** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
9428** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9429** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
9430** description for the X-th loop.
9431**
9432** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
9433** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9434** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
9435** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
9436** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
9437** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
9438** </dl>
9439*/
9440#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
9441#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
9442#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
9443#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
9444#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
9445#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
9446
9447/*
9448** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
9449** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9450**
9451** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
9452** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
9453** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
9454** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
9455**
9456** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
9457** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
9458** compile-time option.
9459**
9460** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
9461** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
9462** of this interface is undefined.
9463** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
9464** the "pOut" parameter.
9465** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
9466** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
9467** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
9468** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
9469** points to is unchanged.
9470**
9471** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
9472** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
9473** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
9474** that pOut points to unchanged.
9475**
9476** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
9477*/
9478int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
9479  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
9480  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
9481  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
9482  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
9483);
9484
9485/*
9486** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
9487** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9488**
9489** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
9490**
9491** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
9492** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
9493*/
9494void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
9495
9496/*
9497** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
9498** METHOD: sqlite3
9499**
9500** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
9501** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
9502** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
9503** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
9504** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
9505** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
9506** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
9507** any [attached] databases.
9508**
9509** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
9510** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
9511** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
9512** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
9513** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
9514** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
9515** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
9516** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
9517**
9518** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
9519** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
9520** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
9521**
9522** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
9523**
9524** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
9525** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
9526*/
9527int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
9528
9529/*
9530** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
9531** METHOD: sqlite3
9532**
9533** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
9534** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
9535**
9536** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
9537** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
9538** on a database table.
9539** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
9540** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
9541** the previous setting.
9542** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
9543** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
9544** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
9545** the first parameter to callbacks.
9546**
9547** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
9548** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
9549** system tables like sqlite_sequence or sqlite_stat1.
9550**
9551** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
9552** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
9553** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
9554** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
9555** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
9556** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9557** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
9558** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
9559** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
9560** databases.)^
9561** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9562** table that is being modified.
9563**
9564** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
9565** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
9566** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
9567** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
9568** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
9569** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
9570** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
9571** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
9572** DELETE operations on rowid tables.
9573**
9574** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
9575** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
9576** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
9577** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
9578** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
9579** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
9580** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
9581** behavior.
9582**
9583** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
9584** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
9585**
9586** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9587** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9588** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9589** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9590** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
9591** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
9592** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9593** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9594**
9595** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9596** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9597** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9598** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9599** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
9600** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
9601** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9602** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9603**
9604** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
9605** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
9606** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
9607** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
9608** triggers; and so forth.
9609**
9610** When the [sqlite3_blob_write()] API is used to update a blob column,
9611** the pre-update hook is invoked with SQLITE_DELETE. This is because the
9612** in this case the new values are not available. In this case, when a
9613** callback made with op==SQLITE_DELETE is actuall a write using the
9614** sqlite3_blob_write() API, the [sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite()] returns
9615** the index of the column being written. In other cases, where the
9616** pre-update hook is being invoked for some other reason, including a
9617** regular DELETE, sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite() returns -1.
9618**
9619** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
9620*/
9621#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
9622void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
9623  sqlite3 *db,
9624  void(*xPreUpdate)(
9625    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
9626    sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
9627    int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
9628    char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
9629    char const *zName,            /* Table name */
9630    sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
9631    sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
9632  ),
9633  void*
9634);
9635int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9636int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
9637int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
9638int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9639int sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(sqlite3 *);
9640#endif
9641
9642/*
9643** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
9644** METHOD: sqlite3
9645**
9646** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
9647** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
9648** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
9649** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
9650** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
9651** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
9652*/
9653int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
9654
9655/*
9656** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
9657** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
9658**
9659** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
9660** database for some specific point in history.
9661**
9662** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
9663** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
9664** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
9665** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
9666** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
9667** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
9668** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
9669**
9670** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
9671** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
9672** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
9673** the most recent version.
9674*/
9675typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
9676  unsigned char hidden[48];
9677} sqlite3_snapshot;
9678
9679/*
9680** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
9681** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9682**
9683** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
9684** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
9685** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
9686** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
9687** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
9688** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
9689** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
9690**
9691** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
9692** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
9693** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
9694** in this case.
9695**
9696** <ul>
9697**   <li> The database handle must not be in [autocommit mode].
9698**
9699**   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
9700**
9701**   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
9702**        connection D.
9703**
9704**   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
9705**        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
9706**        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
9707**        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
9708**        must be written to it first.
9709** </ul>
9710**
9711** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
9712** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
9713** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
9714**
9715** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
9716** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
9717** to avoid a memory leak.
9718**
9719** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
9720** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9721*/
9722SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
9723  sqlite3 *db,
9724  const char *zSchema,
9725  sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
9726);
9727
9728/*
9729** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
9730** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9731**
9732** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read
9733** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of
9734** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to
9735** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the
9736** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK
9737** on success or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
9738**
9739** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in
9740** [autocommit mode] when [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] is called. If there
9741** is already a read transaction open on schema S, then the database handle
9742** must have no active statements (SELECT statements that have been passed
9743** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()).
9744** SQLITE_ERROR is returned if either of these conditions is violated, or
9745** if schema S does not exist, or if the snapshot object is invalid.
9746**
9747** ^A call to sqlite3_snapshot_open() will fail to open if the specified
9748** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case
9749** SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT is returned.
9750**
9751** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is
9752** invoked, then the same read transaction remains open (on the same
9753** database snapshot) if SQLITE_ERROR, SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT
9754** is returned. If another error code - for example SQLITE_PROTOCOL or an
9755** SQLITE_IOERR error code - is returned, then the final state of the
9756** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the
9757** read transaction is now open on database snapshot P.
9758**
9759** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
9760** database connection D does not know that the database file for
9761** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
9762** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
9763** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
9764** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
9765** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
9766** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
9767**
9768** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
9769** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9770*/
9771SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
9772  sqlite3 *db,
9773  const char *zSchema,
9774  sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
9775);
9776
9777/*
9778** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
9779** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9780**
9781** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
9782** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
9783** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
9784**
9785** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
9786** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9787*/
9788SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
9789
9790/*
9791** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
9792** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9793**
9794** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
9795** of two valid snapshot handles.
9796**
9797** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
9798** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
9799**
9800** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
9801** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
9802** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
9803** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
9804** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
9805** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
9806** is undefined.
9807**
9808** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
9809** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
9810** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
9811**
9812** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9813** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9814*/
9815SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
9816  sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
9817  sqlite3_snapshot *p2
9818);
9819
9820/*
9821** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
9822** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9823**
9824** If a [WAL file] remains on disk after all database connections close
9825** (either through the use of the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] [file control]
9826** or because the last process to have the database opened exited without
9827** calling [sqlite3_close()]) and a new connection is subsequently opened
9828** on that database and [WAL file], the [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface
9829** will only be able to open the last transaction added to the WAL file
9830** even though the WAL file contains other valid transactions.
9831**
9832** This function attempts to scan the WAL file associated with database zDb
9833** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
9834** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
9835** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a WAL mode
9836** database.
9837**
9838** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
9839**
9840** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9841** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9842*/
9843SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9844
9845/*
9846** CAPI3REF: Serialize a database
9847**
9848** The sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) interface returns a pointer to memory
9849** that is a serialization of the S database on [database connection] D.
9850** If P is not a NULL pointer, then the size of the database in bytes
9851** is written into *P.
9852**
9853** For an ordinary on-disk database file, the serialization is just a
9854** copy of the disk file.  For an in-memory database or a "TEMP" database,
9855** the serialization is the same sequence of bytes which would be written
9856** to disk if that database where backed up to disk.
9857**
9858** The usual case is that sqlite3_serialize() copies the serialization of
9859** the database into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] and returns
9860** a pointer to that memory.  The caller is responsible for freeing the
9861** returned value to avoid a memory leak.  However, if the F argument
9862** contains the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit, then no memory allocations
9863** are made, and the sqlite3_serialize() function will return a pointer
9864** to the contiguous memory representation of the database that SQLite
9865** is currently using for that database, or NULL if the no such contiguous
9866** memory representation of the database exists.  A contiguous memory
9867** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has
9868** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same
9869** values of D and S.
9870** The size of the database is written into *P even if the
9871** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy
9872** of the database exists.
9873**
9874** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the
9875** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory
9876** allocation error occurs.
9877**
9878** This interface is omitted if SQLite is compiled with the
9879** [SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE] option.
9880*/
9881unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
9882  sqlite3 *db,           /* The database connection */
9883  const char *zSchema,   /* Which DB to serialize. ex: "main", "temp", ... */
9884  sqlite3_int64 *piSize, /* Write size of the DB here, if not NULL */
9885  unsigned int mFlags    /* Zero or more SQLITE_SERIALIZE_* flags */
9886);
9887
9888/*
9889** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_serialize
9890**
9891** Zero or more of the following constants can be OR-ed together for
9892** the F argument to [sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F)].
9893**
9894** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY means that [sqlite3_serialize()] will return
9895** a pointer to contiguous in-memory database that it is currently using,
9896** without making a copy of the database.  If SQLite is not currently using
9897** a contiguous in-memory database, then this option causes
9898** [sqlite3_serialize()] to return a NULL pointer.  SQLite will only be
9899** using a contiguous in-memory database if it has been initialized by a
9900** prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize()].
9901*/
9902#define SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 0x001   /* Do no memory allocations */
9903
9904/*
9905** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database
9906**
9907** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the
9908** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then
9909** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization contained
9910** in P.  The serialized database P is N bytes in size.  M is the size of
9911** the buffer P, which might be larger than N.  If M is larger than N, and
9912** the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY bit is not set in F, then SQLite is
9913** permitted to add content to the in-memory database as long as the total
9914** size does not exceed M bytes.
9915**
9916** If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in F, then SQLite will
9917** invoke sqlite3_free() on the serialization buffer when the database
9918** connection closes.  If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE bit is set, then
9919** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64()
9920** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes.
9921**
9922** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the
9923** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup
9924** operation.
9925**
9926** It is not possible to deserialized into the TEMP database.  If the
9927** S argument to sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) is "temp" then the
9928** function returns SQLITE_ERROR.
9929**
9930** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the
9931** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then
9932** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning.
9933**
9934** This interface is omitted if SQLite is compiled with the
9935** [SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE] option.
9936*/
9937int sqlite3_deserialize(
9938  sqlite3 *db,            /* The database connection */
9939  const char *zSchema,    /* Which DB to reopen with the deserialization */
9940  unsigned char *pData,   /* The serialized database content */
9941  sqlite3_int64 szDb,     /* Number bytes in the deserialization */
9942  sqlite3_int64 szBuf,    /* Total size of buffer pData[] */
9943  unsigned mFlags         /* Zero or more SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_* flags */
9944);
9945
9946/*
9947** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_deserialize()
9948**
9949** The following are allowed values for 6th argument (the F argument) to
9950** the [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F)] interface.
9951**
9952** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE means that the database serialization
9953** in the P argument is held in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
9954** and that SQLite should take ownership of this memory and automatically
9955** free it when it has finished using it.  Without this flag, the caller
9956** is responsible for freeing any dynamically allocated memory.
9957**
9958** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE flag means that SQLite is allowed to
9959** grow the size of the database using calls to [sqlite3_realloc64()].  This
9960** flag should only be used if SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE is also used.
9961** Without this flag, the deserialized database cannot increase in size beyond
9962** the number of bytes specified by the M parameter.
9963**
9964** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database
9965** should be treated as read-only.
9966*/
9967#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */
9968#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE  2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */
9969#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY    4 /* Database is read-only */
9970
9971/*
9972** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
9973** builds on processors without floating point support.
9974*/
9975#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
9976# undef double
9977#endif
9978
9979#ifdef __cplusplus
9980}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
9981#endif
9982#endif /* SQLITE3_H */
9983