xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqlite.h.in (revision c5861ce8)
1/*
2** 2001-09-15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32*/
33#ifndef SQLITE3_H
34#define SQLITE3_H
35#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36
37/*
38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39*/
40#ifdef __cplusplus
41extern "C" {
42#endif
43
44
45/*
46** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47*/
48#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50#endif
51#ifndef SQLITE_API
52# define SQLITE_API
53#endif
54#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55# define SQLITE_CDECL
56#endif
57#ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58# define SQLITE_APICALL
59#endif
60#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61# define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62#endif
63#ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64# define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65#endif
66#ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67# define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68#endif
69
70/*
71** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
72** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
73** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
74** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
75** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
76**
77** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
78** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
79** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
80** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
81** noop macros.
82*/
83#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
84#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
85
86/*
87** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
88*/
89#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
90# undef SQLITE_VERSION
91#endif
92#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
93# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94#endif
95
96/*
97** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
98**
99** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
100** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
101** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
102** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
103** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
104** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
105** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
106** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
107** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
108** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
109** and Z will be reset to zero.
110**
111** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
112** SQLite source code has been stored in the
113** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
118** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.  If the source code has
119** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
120** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
121**
122** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
123** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
124** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
125*/
126#define SQLITE_VERSION        "--VERS--"
127#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER--
128#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "--SOURCE-ID--"
129
130/*
131** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
132** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
133**
134** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
135** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
136** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
137** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
138** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
139** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
140** compiled with matching library and header files.
141**
142** <blockquote><pre>
143** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
144** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 );
145** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
146** </pre></blockquote>)^
147**
148** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
149** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
150** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
151** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
152** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
153** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
154** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
155** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
156** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.  Except if SQLite is built
157** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters
158** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^
159**
160** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
161*/
162SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
163const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
164const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
165int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
166
167/*
168** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
169**
170** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
171** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
172** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
173** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
174**
175** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
176** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
177** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
178** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
179** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
180** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
181**
182** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
183** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
184** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
185**
186** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
187** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
188*/
189#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
190int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
191const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
192#endif
193
194/*
195** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
196**
197** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
198** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
199** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
200**
201** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
202** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
203** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
204** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
205** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
206** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
207**
208** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
209** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
210** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
211** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
212**
213** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
214** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
215** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
216**
217** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
218** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
219** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
220** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
221** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
222** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
223** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
224** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
225** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
226** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
227**
228** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
229*/
230int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
231
232/*
233** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
234** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
235**
236** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
237** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
238** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
239** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
240** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
241** interfaces (such as
242** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
243** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
244** sqlite3 object.
245*/
246typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
247
248/*
249** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
250** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
251**
252** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
253** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
254**
255** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
256** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
257** compatibility only.
258**
259** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
260** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
261** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
262** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
263*/
264#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
265  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
266# ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
267    typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
268# else
269    typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
270# endif
271#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
272  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
273  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
274#else
275  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
276  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
277#endif
278typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
279typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
280
281/*
282** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
283** substitute integer for floating-point.
284*/
285#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
286# define double sqlite3_int64
287#endif
288
289/*
290** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
291** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
292**
293** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
294** for the [sqlite3] object.
295** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
296** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
297** resources are deallocated.
298**
299** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
300** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then sqlite3_close()
301** will leave the database connection open and return [SQLITE_BUSY].
302** ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared statements
303** and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups, then the database connection becomes
304** an unusable "zombie" which will automatically be deallocated when the
305** last prepared statement is finalized or the last sqlite3_backup is
306** finished.  The sqlite3_close_v2() interface is intended for use with
307** host languages that are garbage collected, and where the order in which
308** destructors are called is arbitrary.
309**
310** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements],
311** [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
312** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
313** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.  ^If
314** sqlite3_close_v2() is called on a [database connection] that still has
315** outstanding [prepared statements], [BLOB handles], and/or
316** [sqlite3_backup] objects then it returns [SQLITE_OK] and the deallocation
317** of resources is deferred until all [prepared statements], [BLOB handles],
318** and [sqlite3_backup] objects are also destroyed.
319**
320** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
321** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
322**
323** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
324** must be either a NULL
325** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
326** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
327** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
328** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
329** argument is a harmless no-op.
330*/
331int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
332int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
333
334/*
335** The type for a callback function.
336** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
337** compatibility and is not documented.
338*/
339typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
340
341/*
342** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
343** METHOD: sqlite3
344**
345** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
346** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
347** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
348** without having to use a lot of C code.
349**
350** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
351** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
352** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
353** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
354** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
355** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
356** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
357** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
358** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
359** ignored.
360**
361** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
362** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
363** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
364** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
365** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
366** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
367** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
368** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
369** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
370** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
371** NULL before returning.
372**
373** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
374** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
375** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
376**
377** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
378** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
379** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
380** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
381** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
382** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
383** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
384** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
385** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
386**
387** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
388** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
389** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
390** is not changed.
391**
392** Restrictions:
393**
394** <ul>
395** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
396**      is a valid and open [database connection].
397** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
398**      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
399** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
400**      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
401** </ul>
402*/
403int sqlite3_exec(
404  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
405  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
406  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
407  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
408  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
409);
410
411/*
412** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
413** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
414**
415** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
416** here in order to indicate success or failure.
417**
418** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
419**
420** See also: [extended result code definitions]
421*/
422#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
423/* beginning-of-error-codes */
424#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* Generic error */
425#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
426#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
427#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
428#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
429#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
430#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
431#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
432#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
433#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
434#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
435#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
436#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
437#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
438#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
439#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Internal use only */
440#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
441#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
442#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
443#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
444#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
445#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
446#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
447#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Not used */
448#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
449#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
450#define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
451#define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
452#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
453#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
454/* end-of-error-codes */
455
456/*
457** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
458** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
459**
460** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
461** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
462** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
463** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
464** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
465** and later) include
466** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
467** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
468** on a per database connection basis using the
469** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
470** the most recent error can be obtained using
471** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
472*/
473#define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8))
474#define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY             (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8))
475#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
476#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
477#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
478#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
479#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
480#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
481#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
482#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
483#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
484#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
485#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
486#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
487#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
488#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
489#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
490#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
491#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
492#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
493#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
494#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
495#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
496#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
497#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
498#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
499#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
500#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
501#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
502#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
503#define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
504#define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
505#define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
506#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
507#define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
508#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
509#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
510#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
511#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
512#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
513#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
514#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (5<<8)) /* Not Used */
515#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
516#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
517#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
518#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
519#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
520#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
521#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
522#define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
523#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
524#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
525#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
526#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
527#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
528#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
529#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
530#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
531#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
532#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
533#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
534#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
535#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
536#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
537#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
538#define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
539
540/*
541** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
542**
543** These bit values are intended for use in the
544** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
545** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
546*/
547#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
548#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
549#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
550#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
551#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
552#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
553#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
554#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
555#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
556#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
557#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
558#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
559#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
560#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
561#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
562#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
563#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
564#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
565#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
566#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
567
568/* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
569
570/*
571** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
572**
573** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
574** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
575** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
576** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
577** refers to.
578**
579** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
580** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
581** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
582** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
583** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
584** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
585** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
586** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
587** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
588** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
589** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
590** file that were written at the application level might have changed
591** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
592** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
593** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
594** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
595** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
596** elevated privileges.
597**
598** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying
599** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those
600** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and
601** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].
602*/
603#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
604#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
605#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
606#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
607#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
608#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
609#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
610#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
611#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
612#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
613#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
614#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
615#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
616#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
617#define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC           0x00004000
618
619/*
620** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
621**
622** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
623** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
624** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
625*/
626#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
627#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
628#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
629#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
630#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
631
632/*
633** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
634**
635** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
636** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
637** these integer values as the second argument.
638**
639** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
640** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
641** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
642** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
643** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
644** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
645**
646** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
647** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
648** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
649** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
650** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
651** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
652** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
653** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
654** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
655** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
656** cares about the difference.)
657*/
658#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
659#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
660#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
661
662/*
663** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
664**
665** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
666** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
667** implementations will
668** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
669** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
670** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
671** I/O operations on the open file.
672*/
673typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
674struct sqlite3_file {
675  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
676};
677
678/*
679** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
680**
681** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
682** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
683** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
684** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
685** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
686**
687** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
688** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
689** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
690** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
691** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
692** to NULL.
693**
694** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
695** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
696** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
697** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
698** and not its inode needs to be synced.
699**
700** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
701** <ul>
702** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
703** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
704** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
705** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
706** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
707** </ul>
708** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
709** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
710** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
711** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
712** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
713**
714** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
715** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
716** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
717** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
718** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
719** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
720** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
721** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
722** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
723** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
724** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
725** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
726** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
727** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
728** recognize.
729**
730** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
731** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
732** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
733** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
734** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
735** underlying device:
736**
737** <ul>
738** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
739** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
740** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
741** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
742** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
743** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
744** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
745** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
746** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
747** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
748** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
749** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
750** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
751** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
752** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC]
753** </ul>
754**
755** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
756** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
757** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
758** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
759** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
760** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
761** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
762** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
763** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
764** to xWrite().
765**
766** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
767** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
768** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
769** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
770** database corruption.
771*/
772typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
773struct sqlite3_io_methods {
774  int iVersion;
775  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
776  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
777  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
778  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
779  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
780  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
781  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
782  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
783  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
784  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
785  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
786  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
787  /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
788  int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
789  int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
790  void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
791  int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
792  /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
793  int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
794  int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
795  /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
796  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
797};
798
799/*
800** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
801** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
802**
803** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
804** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
805** interface.
806**
807** <ul>
808** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
809** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
810** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
811** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
812** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
813** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
814** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
815** compile-time option is used.
816**
817** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
818** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
819** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
820** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
821** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
822** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
823** file run faster.
824**
825** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
826** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
827** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
828** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
829** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
830** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
831** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
832** improve performance on some systems.
833**
834** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
835** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
836** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
837** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
838**
839** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
840** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
841** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
842** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
843** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
844**
845** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
846** No longer in use.
847**
848** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
849** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
850** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
851** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
852** because the user has configured SQLite with
853** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
854** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
855** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
856** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
857** string containing the transactions master-journal file name. VFSes that
858** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
859** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
860** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
861**
862** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
863** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
864** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
865** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
866** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
867** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
868** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
869**
870** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
871** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
872** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
873** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
874** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
875** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
876** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
877** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
878** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
879** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
880** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
881** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second
882** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
883** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
884** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
885** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
886**
887** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
888** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
889** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
890** write ahead log and shared memory files used for transaction control
891** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
892** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
893** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
894** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
895** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
896** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
897** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
898** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
899** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
900** WAL persistence setting.
901**
902** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
903** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
904** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
905** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
906** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
907** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
908** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
909** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
910** zero-damage mode setting.
911**
912** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
913** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
914** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
915** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
916** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
917**
918** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
919** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
920** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
921** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
922** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
923** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
924** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
925** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
926** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
927** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
928** is intended for diagnostic use only.
929**
930** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
931** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
932** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
933** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
934** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
935** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
936** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
937** upper-most shim only.
938**
939** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
940** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
941** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
942** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
943** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
944** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
945** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
946** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
947** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
948** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
949** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
950** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
951** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
952** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
953** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
954** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
955** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
956** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
957** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
958** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
959** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
960** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
961** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
962** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
963**
964** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
965** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
966** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
967** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
968** to the connections busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void **)
969** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
970** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connections
971** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
972** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
973** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
974** current operation.
975**
976** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
977** ^Application can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
978** to have SQLite generate a
979** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
980** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
981** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
982** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
983** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
984**
985** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
986** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
987** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
988** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
989** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
990** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
991** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
992** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
993** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
994**
995** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
996** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
997** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
998** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
999** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
1000** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
1001** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
1002**
1003** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
1004** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
1005** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
1006** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
1007** was first opened.
1008**
1009** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
1010** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
1011** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
1012** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
1013** writes the resulting value there.
1014**
1015** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
1016** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
1017** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
1018** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
1019** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
1020**
1021** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1022** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1023** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1024** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1025** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1026** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1027**
1028** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1029** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1030** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1031**
1032** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1033** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1034** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1035** this opcode.
1036**
1037** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1038** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then
1039** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which
1040** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done
1041** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].  Systems
1042** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
1043** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to
1044** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or
1045** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make
1046** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor
1047** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method
1048** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT].
1049**
1050** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1051** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1052** operations since the previous successful call to
1053** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically.
1054** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were
1055** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage.
1056** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes
1057** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent
1058** write operations are independent.
1059** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1060** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1061**
1062** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1063** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1064** operations since the previous successful call to
1065** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back.
1066** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode
1067** so that all subsequent write operations are independent.
1068** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1069** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1070**
1071** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT]]
1072** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT] opcode causes attempts to obtain
1073** a file lock using the xLock or xShmLock methods of the VFS to wait
1074** for up to M milliseconds before failing, where M is the single
1075** unsigned integer parameter.
1076** </ul>
1077*/
1078#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1079#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1080#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1081#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1082#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1083#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1084#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1085#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1086#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1087#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1088#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1089#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1090#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1091#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1092#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1093#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1094#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1095#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1096#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1097#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1098#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1099#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1100#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1101#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1102#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1103#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1104#define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1105#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1106#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1107#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE     31
1108#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE    32
1109#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE  33
1110#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT           34
1111
1112/* deprecated names */
1113#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1114#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1115#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1116
1117
1118/*
1119** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1120**
1121** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1122** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1123** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1124** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1125**
1126** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1127*/
1128typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1129
1130/*
1131** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1132**
1133** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1134** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1135** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1136** on some platforms.
1137*/
1138typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1139
1140/*
1141** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1142**
1143** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1144** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1145** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1146** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1147**
1148** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto
1149** the end.  Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field
1150** is incremented.  The iVersion value started out as 1 in
1151** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2
1152** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased
1153** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6].  Additional fields
1154** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value
1155** may increase again in future versions of SQLite.
1156** Note that the structure
1157** of the sqlite3_vfs object changes in the transition from
1158** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0]
1159** and yet the iVersion field was not modified.
1160**
1161** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1162** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1163** a pathname in this VFS.
1164**
1165** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1166** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1167** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1168** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1169** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1170** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1171**
1172** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1173** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1174** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1175** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1176** object once the object has been registered.
1177**
1178** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1179** be unique across all VFS modules.
1180**
1181** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1182** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1183** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1184** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1185** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1186** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1187** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1188** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1189** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1190** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1191** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1192** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1193** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1194** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1195** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1196** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1197**
1198** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1199** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1200** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1201** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1202** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1203** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1204**
1205** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1206** call, depending on the object being opened:
1207**
1208** <ul>
1209** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1210** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1211** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1212** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1213** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1214** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1215** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
1216** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1217** </ul>)^
1218**
1219** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1220** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1221** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1222** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1223** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1224** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1225** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1226** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1227**
1228** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1229**
1230** <ul>
1231** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1232** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1233** </ul>
1234**
1235** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1236** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1237** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1238** databases, and subjournals.
1239**
1240** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1241** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1242** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1243** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1244** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1245** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1246** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1247** for exclusive access.
1248**
1249** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1250** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1251** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1252** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1253** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1254** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1255** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1256** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1257** or failure of the xOpen call.
1258**
1259** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1260** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1261** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1262** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1263** to test whether a file is at least readable.   The file can be a
1264** directory.
1265**
1266** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1267** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1268** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1269** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1270** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1271** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1272**
1273** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1274** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1275** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1276** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1277** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1278** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1279** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1280** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1281** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1282** a floating point value.
1283** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1284** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1285** a 24-hour day).
1286** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1287** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1288** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1289** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1290**
1291** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1292** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1293** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1294** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1295** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1296** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1297** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1298** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1299** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1300** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1301** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1302*/
1303typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1304typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1305struct sqlite3_vfs {
1306  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1307  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1308  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1309  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1310  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1311  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1312  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1313               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1314  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1315  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1316  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1317  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1318  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1319  void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1320  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1321  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1322  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1323  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1324  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1325  /*
1326  ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1327  ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1328  */
1329  int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1330  /*
1331  ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1332  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1333  */
1334  int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1335  sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1336  const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1337  /*
1338  ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1339  ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1340  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1341  */
1342};
1343
1344/*
1345** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1346**
1347** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1348** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1349** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1350** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1351** simply checks whether the file exists.
1352** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1353** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1354** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1355** the directory).
1356** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1357** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1358** release of SQLite.
1359** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1360** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1361** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1362** SQLite.
1363*/
1364#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1365#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1366#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1367
1368/*
1369** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1370**
1371** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1372** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1373** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1374** xShmLock method:
1375**
1376** <ul>
1377** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1378** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1379** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1380** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1381** </ul>
1382**
1383** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1384** was given on the corresponding lock.
1385**
1386** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1387** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1388** and EXCLUSIVE.
1389*/
1390#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1391#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1392#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1393#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1394
1395/*
1396** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1397**
1398** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1399** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1400** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1401** lock outside of this range
1402*/
1403#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1404
1405
1406/*
1407** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1408**
1409** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1410** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1411** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1412** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1413** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1414** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1415**
1416** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1417** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1418** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1419** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1420** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1421** are harmless no-ops.)^
1422**
1423** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1424** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1425** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1426** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1427**
1428** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1429** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1430** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1431** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1432** sqlite3_shutdown().
1433**
1434** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1435** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1436** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1437**
1438** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1439** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1440** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1441** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1442**
1443** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1444** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1445** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1446** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1447** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1448** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1449** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1450** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1451** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1452** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1453** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1454** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1455** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1456** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1457**
1458** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1459** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1460** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1461** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1462** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1463** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1464** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1465**
1466** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1467** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1468** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1469** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1470** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1471** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1472** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1473** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1474** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1475** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1476** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1477** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1478** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1479** failure.
1480*/
1481int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1482int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1483int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1484int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1485
1486/*
1487** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1488**
1489** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1490** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1491** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1492** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1493** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1494**
1495** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1496** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1497** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1498**
1499** The sqlite3_config() interface
1500** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1501** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1502** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1503** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1504** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1505** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1506**
1507** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1508** [configuration option] that determines
1509** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1510** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1511** in the first argument.
1512**
1513** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1514** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1515** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1516*/
1517int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1518
1519/*
1520** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1521** METHOD: sqlite3
1522**
1523** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1524** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1525** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1526** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1527**
1528** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1529** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1530** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1531** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1532**
1533** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1534** the call is considered successful.
1535*/
1536int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1537
1538/*
1539** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1540**
1541** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1542** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1543**
1544** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1545** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1546** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1547** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1548** By creating an instance of this object
1549** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1550** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1551** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1552** dynamic memory needs.
1553**
1554** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1555** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1556** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1557** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1558** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1559** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1560** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1561** conditions.
1562**
1563** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1564** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1565** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1566** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1567**
1568** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1569** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1570** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1571**
1572** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1573** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1574** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1575** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1576** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1577** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1578** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1579**
1580** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1581** it might allocate any require mutexes or initialize internal data
1582** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1583** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1584** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1585** xInit and xShutdown.
1586**
1587** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER] mutex when it invokes
1588** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1589** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1590** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1591** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1592** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1593** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1594** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1595** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1596** serialization.
1597**
1598** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1599** call to xShutdown().
1600*/
1601typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1602struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1603  void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1604  void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1605  void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1606  int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1607  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1608  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1609  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1610  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1611};
1612
1613/*
1614** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1615** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1616**
1617** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1618** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1619**
1620** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1621** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1622** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1623** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1624** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1625** is invoked.
1626**
1627** <dl>
1628** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1629** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1630** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1631** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1632** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1633** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1634** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1635** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1636** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1637** configuration option.</dd>
1638**
1639** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1640** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1641** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1642** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1643** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1644** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1645** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1646** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1647** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1648** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1649** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1650** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1651** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1652**
1653** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1654** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1655** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1656** all mutexes including the recursive
1657** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1658** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1659** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1660** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1661** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1662** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1663** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1664** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1665** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1666** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1667** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1668**
1669** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1670** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1671** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1672** The argument specifies
1673** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1674** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1675** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1676** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1677**
1678** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1679** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1680** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1681** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1682** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1683** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1684** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1685** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1686**
1687** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC</dt>
1688** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes single argument of
1689** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to
1690** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible.
1691** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations,
1692** but some application might prefer to run slower in exchange for
1693** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large
1694** allocations are avoided.  This hint is normally off.
1695** </dd>
1696**
1697** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1698** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1699** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1700** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1701** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1702**   <ul>
1703**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1704**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1705**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1706**   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1707**   </ul>)^
1708** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1709** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1710** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1711** </dd>
1712**
1713** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1714** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used.
1715** </dd>
1716**
1717** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1718** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1719** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1720** cache implementation.
1721** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-define page
1722** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1723** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1724** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1725** and the number of cache lines (N).
1726** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1727** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1728** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1729** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1730** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1731** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1732** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1733** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1734** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1735** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1736** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1737** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1738** is exhausted.
1739** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1740** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1741** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1742** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1743** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1744** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1745** additional cache line. </dd>
1746**
1747** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1748** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1749** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1750** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1751** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1752** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1753** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1754** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1755** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1756** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1757** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1758** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1759** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1760** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1761** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1762** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1763** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1764** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1765** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1766**
1767** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1768** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1769** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1770** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1771** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1772** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1773** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1774** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1775** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1776** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1777** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1778**
1779** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1780** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1781** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1782** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1783** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1784** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1785** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1786** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1787** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1788** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1789** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1790** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1791**
1792** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1793** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1794** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1795** The first argument is the
1796** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1797** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1798** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1799** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1800** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1801**
1802** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1803** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1804** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1805** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1806** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1807**
1808** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1809** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1810** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1811** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1812**
1813** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1814** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1815** global [error log].
1816** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1817** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1818** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1819** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1820** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1821** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1822** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1823** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1824** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1825** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1826** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1827** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1828** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1829** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1830** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1831** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1832**
1833** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1834** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1835** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1836** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1837** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1838** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1839** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1840** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1841** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1842** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1843** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1844** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1845** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1846**
1847** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1848** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1849** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1850** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1851** ^The default setting is determined
1852** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1853** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1854** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1855** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1856** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1857** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1858** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1859**
1860** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1861** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1862** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1863** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1864** </dd>
1865**
1866** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1867** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1868** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1869** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1870** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1871** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1872** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1873** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1874** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1875** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1876** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1877** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1878** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1879** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1880** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1881** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1882**
1883** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1884** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1885** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1886** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1887** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1888** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1889** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1890** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1891** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1892** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1893** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1894** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1895** changed to its compile-time default.
1896**
1897** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1898** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1899** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1900** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1901** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1902** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1903**
1904** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1905** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1906** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1907** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1908** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1909** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1910** target platform, and SQLite version.
1911**
1912** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1913** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1914** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1915** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1916** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1917** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1918** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1919** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1920** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1921** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1922**
1923** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
1924** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
1925** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
1926** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
1927** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
1928** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
1929** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
1930** exclusively in memory.
1931** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
1932** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
1933** I/O required to support statement rollback.
1934** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
1935** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
1936**
1937** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE]]
1938** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE
1939** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option accepts a single parameter
1940** of type (int) - the new value of the sorter-reference size threshold.
1941** Usually, when SQLite uses an external sort to order records according
1942** to an ORDER BY clause, all fields required by the caller are present in the
1943** sorted records. However, if SQLite determines based on the declared type
1944** of a table column that its values are likely to be very large - larger
1945** than the configured sorter-reference size threshold - then a reference
1946** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded
1947** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default
1948** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a
1949** negative value for this option restores the default behaviour.
1950** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
1951** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option.
1952** </dl>
1953*/
1954#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
1955#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
1956#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
1957#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1958#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1959#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* No longer used */
1960#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1961#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
1962#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
1963#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1964#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1965/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
1966#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
1967#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
1968#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
1969#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
1970#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
1971#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1972#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1973#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
1974#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
1975#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
1976#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
1977#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
1978#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
1979#define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
1980#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC        27  /* boolean */
1981#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE      28  /* int nByte */
1982
1983/*
1984** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
1985**
1986** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1987** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
1988**
1989** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1990** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1991** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
1992** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
1993** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1994** is invoked.
1995**
1996** <dl>
1997** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1998** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
1999** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
2000** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
2001** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
2002** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
2003** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
2004** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
2005** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
2006** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
2007** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
2008** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
2009** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
2010** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
2011** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
2012** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
2013** when the "current value" returned by
2014** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
2015** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
2016** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
2017** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
2018**
2019** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
2020** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
2021** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
2022** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
2023** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
2024** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2025** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
2026** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2027** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
2028**
2029** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
2030** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
2031** There should be two additional arguments.
2032** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
2033** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2034** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2035** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
2036** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2037** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
2038**
2039** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
2040** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the two-argument
2041** version of the [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
2042** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
2043** There should be two additional arguments.
2044** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
2045** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
2046** unchanged.
2047** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2048** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
2049** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2050** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
2051**
2052** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
2053** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
2054** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
2055** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
2056** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
2057** There should be two additional arguments.
2058** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
2059** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
2060** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
2061** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
2062** C-API or the SQL function.
2063** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2064** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
2065** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
2066** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
2067** </dd>
2068**
2069** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
2070** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
2071** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
2072** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
2073** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
2074** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
2075** until after the database connection closes.
2076** </dd>
2077**
2078** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
2079** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2080** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2081** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2082** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2083** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2084** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2085** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2086** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2087** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2088** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2089** </dd>
2090**
2091** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
2092** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
2093** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,
2094** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless
2095** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations
2096** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries
2097** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
2098** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
2099** was used during testing in the lab.
2100** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2101** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
2102** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2103** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
2104** following this call.
2105** </dd>
2106**
2107** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
2108** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not
2109** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
2110** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
2111** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
2112** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
2113** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2114** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written
2115** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if
2116** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.
2117** </dd>
2118**
2119** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
2120** <dd> Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run
2121** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database
2122** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for
2123** a badly corrupted database file:
2124** <ol>
2125** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
2126** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
2127** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
2128** </ol>
2129** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the
2130** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to help
2131** ensure that it does not happen by accident.
2132** </dd>
2133** </dl>
2134*/
2135#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2136#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2137#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2138#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2139#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2140#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2141#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2142#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           1007 /* int int* */
2143#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           1008 /* int int* */
2144#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
2145#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1009 /* Largest DBCONFIG */
2146
2147/*
2148** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2149** METHOD: sqlite3
2150**
2151** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2152** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2153** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2154*/
2155int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2156
2157/*
2158** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2159** METHOD: sqlite3
2160**
2161** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2162** has a unique 64-bit signed
2163** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2164** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2165** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2166** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2167** is another alias for the rowid.
2168**
2169** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2170** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2171** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2172** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2173** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2174** zero.
2175**
2176** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2177** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2178** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2179**
2180** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2181** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2182** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2183** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2184** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2185** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2186** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2187** control to the user.
2188**
2189** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2190** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2191** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2192** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2193**
2194** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2195** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2196** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2197** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2198** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2199** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2200** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2201** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2202** the return value of this interface.)^
2203**
2204** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2205** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2206**
2207** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2208** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2209**
2210** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2211** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2212** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2213** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2214** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2215** last insert [rowid].
2216*/
2217sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2218
2219/*
2220** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2221** METHOD: sqlite3
2222**
2223** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2224** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2225** without inserting a row into the database.
2226*/
2227void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2228
2229/*
2230** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2231** METHOD: sqlite3
2232**
2233** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
2234** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2235** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2236** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
2237** returned by this function.
2238**
2239** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2240** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2241** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2242**
2243** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2244** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2245** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2246** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2247** tables are counted.
2248**
2249** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2250** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2251** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2252** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2253**
2254** <ul>
2255**   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2256**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2257**        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2258**
2259**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2260**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2261**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2262**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2263**        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2264** </ul>
2265**
2266** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2267** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2268** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2269** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2270** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2271** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2272**
2273** See also the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface, the
2274** [count_changes pragma], and the [changes() SQL function].
2275**
2276** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2277** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2278** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2279*/
2280int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2281
2282/*
2283** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2284** METHOD: sqlite3
2285**
2286** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2287** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2288** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2289** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2290** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2291**
2292** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2293** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2294** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2295** are not counted.
2296**
2297** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface, the
2298** [count_changes pragma], and the [total_changes() SQL function].
2299**
2300** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2301** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2302** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2303*/
2304int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2305
2306/*
2307** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2308** METHOD: sqlite3
2309**
2310** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2311** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2312** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2313** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2314** immediately.
2315**
2316** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2317** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2318** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2319** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2320**
2321** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2322** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2323** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2324**
2325** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2326** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2327** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2328** will be rolled back automatically.
2329**
2330** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2331** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2332** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2333** running statements reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2334** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2335** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2336** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2337** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2338** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2339** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2340*/
2341void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2342
2343/*
2344** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2345**
2346** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2347** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2348** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2349** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2350** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2351** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2352** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2353** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2354** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2355** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2356** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2357**
2358** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2359** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2360**
2361** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2362** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2363**
2364** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2365** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2366** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2367** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2368** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2369**
2370** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2371** UTF-8 string.
2372**
2373** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2374** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2375*/
2376int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2377int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2378
2379/*
2380** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2381** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2382** METHOD: sqlite3
2383**
2384** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2385** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2386** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2387** [database connection] D when another thread
2388** or process has the table locked.
2389** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2390** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2391**
2392** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2393** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2394** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2395**
2396** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2397** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2398** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2399** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2400** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2401** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2402** to the application.
2403** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2404** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2405**
2406** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2407** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2408** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2409** to the application instead of invoking the
2410** busy handler.
2411** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2412** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2413** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2414** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2415** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2416** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2417** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2418** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2419** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2420** the second process to proceed.
2421**
2422** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2423**
2424** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2425** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2426** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2427** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2428** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2429**
2430** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2431** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2432** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2433** result in undefined behavior.
2434**
2435** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2436** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2437*/
2438int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2439
2440/*
2441** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2442** METHOD: sqlite3
2443**
2444** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2445** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2446** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2447** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2448** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2449** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2450**
2451** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2452** turns off all busy handlers.
2453**
2454** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2455** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2456** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2457** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2458**
2459** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2460*/
2461int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2462
2463/*
2464** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2465** METHOD: sqlite3
2466**
2467** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2468** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2469**
2470** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2471** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2472** complete query results from one or more queries.
2473**
2474** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2475** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2476** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2477** and M be the number of columns.
2478**
2479** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2480** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2481** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2482** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2483** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2484** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2485**
2486** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2487** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2488** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2489**
2490** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2491** is as follows:
2492**
2493** <blockquote><pre>
2494**        Name        | Age
2495**        -----------------------
2496**        Alice       | 43
2497**        Bob         | 28
2498**        Cindy       | 21
2499** </pre></blockquote>
2500**
2501** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2502** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2503** in an array names azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2504**
2505** <blockquote><pre>
2506**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2507**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2508**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2509**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2510**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2511**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2512**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2513**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2514** </pre></blockquote>)^
2515**
2516** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2517** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2518** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2519** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2520**
2521** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2522** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2523** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2524** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2525** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2526** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2527**
2528** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2529** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2530** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2531** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2532** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2533** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2534** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2535*/
2536int sqlite3_get_table(
2537  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2538  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2539  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2540  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2541  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2542  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2543);
2544void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2545
2546/*
2547** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2548**
2549** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2550** from the standard C library.
2551** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from
2552** the standard library printf()
2553** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]).
2554** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details.
2555**
2556** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2557** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()].
2558** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2559** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2560** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough
2561** memory to hold the resulting string.
2562**
2563** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2564** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2565** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2566** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2567** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2568** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2569** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2570** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2571** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2572** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2573** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2574** now without breaking compatibility.
2575**
2576** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2577** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2578** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2579** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2580** written will be n-1 characters.
2581**
2582** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2583**
2584** See also:  [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function]
2585*/
2586char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2587char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2588char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2589char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2590
2591/*
2592** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2593**
2594** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2595** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2596** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
2597** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2598**
2599** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2600** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2601** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2602** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2603** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2604** a NULL pointer.
2605**
2606** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2607** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2608** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2609**
2610** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2611** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2612** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2613** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2614** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2615** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2616** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2617** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2618** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2619** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2620**
2621** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2622** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2623** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2624** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2625** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2626** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2627** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2628** sqlite3_free(X).
2629** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2630** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2631** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2632** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2633** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2634** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2635** prior allocation is not freed.
2636**
2637** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2638** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2639** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2640**
2641** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2642** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2643** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2644** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2645** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2646** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2647** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2648** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2649** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2650**
2651** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2652** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2653** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2654** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2655** option is used.
2656**
2657** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
2658** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in
2659** implementation of these routines to be omitted.  That capability
2660** is no longer provided.  Only built-in memory allocators can be used.
2661**
2662** Prior to SQLite version 3.7.10, the Windows OS interface layer called
2663** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
2664** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
2665** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
2666** installation.  Memory allocation errors were detected, but
2667** they were reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
2668** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
2669**
2670** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2671** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2672** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2673** not yet been released.
2674**
2675** The application must not read or write any part of
2676** a block of memory after it has been released using
2677** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2678*/
2679void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2680void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2681void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2682void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2683void sqlite3_free(void*);
2684sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2685
2686/*
2687** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2688**
2689** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2690** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2691** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2692**
2693** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2694** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2695** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2696** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2697** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2698** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2699** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2700** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2701** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2702**
2703** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2704** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2705** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2706** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2707** prior to the reset.
2708*/
2709sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2710sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2711
2712/*
2713** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2714**
2715** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2716** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2717** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2718** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2719** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2720**
2721** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2722** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2723**
2724** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2725** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2726** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2727** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2728** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2729** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2730** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2731** method.
2732*/
2733void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2734
2735/*
2736** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2737** METHOD: sqlite3
2738** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback}
2739**
2740** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2741** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2742** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2743** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2744** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
2745** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].  ^At various
2746** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2747** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2748** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2749** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2750** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2751** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2752** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2753** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2754** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2755** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2756**
2757** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2758** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2759** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2760** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2761** access is denied.
2762**
2763** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2764** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2765** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2766** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2767** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings
2768** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized.
2769** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any
2770** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback.
2771**
2772** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2773** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2774** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2775** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2776** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2777** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2778** columns of a table.
2779** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are
2780** extracted from that table (for example in a query like
2781** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback
2782** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string.
2783** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2784** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2785** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2786**
2787** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2788** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2789** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2790** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2791** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2792** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
2793** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
2794** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
2795** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
2796** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
2797**
2798** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
2799** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
2800** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
2801** in addition to using an authorizer.
2802**
2803** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
2804** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
2805** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
2806** The authorizer is disabled by default.
2807**
2808** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
2809** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
2810** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2811** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2812**
2813** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
2814** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
2815** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
2816** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
2817**
2818** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
2819** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
2820** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
2821** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
2822** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
2823*/
2824int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
2825  sqlite3*,
2826  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
2827  void *pUserData
2828);
2829
2830/*
2831** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
2832**
2833** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
2834** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
2835** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
2836** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
2837** information.
2838**
2839** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
2840** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
2841*/
2842#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
2843#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
2844
2845/*
2846** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
2847**
2848** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
2849** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
2850** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
2851** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
2852** the authorizer callback may be passed.
2853**
2854** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
2855** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
2856** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
2857** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
2858** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
2859** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
2860** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
2861** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
2862** top-level SQL code.
2863*/
2864/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
2865#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2866#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2867#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2868#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2869#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2870#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
2871#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2872#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
2873#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2874#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2875#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2876#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2877#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2878#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2879#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
2880#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2881#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
2882#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2883#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
2884#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2885#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
2886#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
2887#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2888#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
2889#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
2890#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
2891#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
2892#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2893#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2894#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2895#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
2896#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
2897#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
2898#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
2899
2900/*
2901** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
2902** METHOD: sqlite3
2903**
2904** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
2905** instead of the routines described here.
2906**
2907** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
2908** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
2909**
2910** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
2911** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
2912** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
2913** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
2914** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
2915** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
2916** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
2917**
2918** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
2919** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
2920**
2921** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
2922** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
2923** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
2924** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
2925** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
2926** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
2927** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
2928** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  The
2929** sqlite3_profile() function is considered experimental and is
2930** subject to change in future versions of SQLite.
2931*/
2932SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
2933   void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
2934SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
2935   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
2936
2937/*
2938** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
2939** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
2940**
2941** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
2942** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The M argument
2943** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
2944** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
2945** is one of the following constants.
2946**
2947** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
2948**
2949** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
2950** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
2951** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
2952** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
2953** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
2954**
2955** <dl>
2956** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
2957** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
2958** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
2959** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
2960** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
2961** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
2962** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
2963** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
2964** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
2965** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
2966** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
2967**
2968** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
2969** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
2970** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
2971** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
2972** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
2973** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
2974** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
2975**
2976** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
2977** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
2978** statement generates a single row of result.
2979** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
2980** X argument is unused.
2981**
2982** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
2983** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
2984** connection closes.
2985** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
2986** and the X argument is unused.
2987** </dl>
2988*/
2989#define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
2990#define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
2991#define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
2992#define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
2993
2994/*
2995** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
2996** METHOD: sqlite3
2997**
2998** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
2999** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
3000** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
3001** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
3002** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
3003** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
3004**
3005** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
3006** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
3007**
3008** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
3009** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
3010** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
3011** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
3012**
3013** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
3014** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
3015** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
3016** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
3017** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3018**
3019** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
3020** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
3021** are deprecated.
3022*/
3023int sqlite3_trace_v2(
3024  sqlite3*,
3025  unsigned uMask,
3026  int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
3027  void *pCtx
3028);
3029
3030/*
3031** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
3032** METHOD: sqlite3
3033**
3034** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
3035** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
3036** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
3037** database connection D.  An example use for this
3038** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
3039**
3040** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
3041** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
3042** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
3043** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
3044** handler is disabled.
3045**
3046** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
3047** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
3048** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
3049** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
3050** than 1.
3051**
3052** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
3053** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
3054** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
3055**
3056** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
3057** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
3058** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3059** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3060**
3061*/
3062void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
3063
3064/*
3065** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
3066** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3067**
3068** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3069** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3070** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3071** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3072** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3073** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3074** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3075** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3076** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3077** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3078** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3079** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3080**
3081** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3082** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3083** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3084**
3085** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3086** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3087** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3088**
3089** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3090** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3091** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3092** sqlite3_open_v2() can take one of
3093** the following three values, optionally combined with the
3094** [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE],
3095** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE], and/or [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flags:)^
3096**
3097** <dl>
3098** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3099** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3100** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3101**
3102** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3103** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3104** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3105** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3106**
3107** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3108** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3109** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3110** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3111** </dl>
3112**
3113** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3114** combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3115** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3116** then the behavior is undefined.
3117**
3118** ^If the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] flag is set, then the database connection
3119** opens in the multi-thread [threading mode] as long as the single-thread
3120** mode has not been set at compile-time or start-time.  ^If the
3121** [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flag is set then the database connection opens
3122** in the serialized [threading mode] unless single-thread was
3123** previously selected at compile-time or start-time.
3124** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag causes the database connection to be
3125** eligible to use [shared cache mode], regardless of whether or not shared
3126** cache is enabled using [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].  ^The
3127** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE] flag causes the database connection to not
3128** participate in [shared cache mode] even if it is enabled.
3129**
3130** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3131** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3132** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3133** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3134**
3135** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3136** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3137** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3138** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3139** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3140** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3141** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3142**
3143** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3144** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3145** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3146**
3147** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3148**
3149** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3150** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3151** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3152** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3153** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3154** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3155** URI filename interpretation is turned off
3156** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3157** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3158** information.
3159**
3160** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3161** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3162** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3163** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3164** present, is ignored.
3165**
3166** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3167** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3168** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3169** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3170** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3171** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3172** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3173**
3174** [[core URI query parameters]]
3175** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3176** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3177** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3178** following query parameters:
3179**
3180** <ul>
3181**   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3182**     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3183**     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3184**     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3185**     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3186**     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3187**     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3188**
3189**   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3190**     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3191**     an error)^.
3192**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3193**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3194**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3195**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3196**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3197**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3198**     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3199**     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3200**     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3201**     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3202**     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3203**
3204**   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3205**     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3206**     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3207**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3208**     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3209**     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3210**     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3211**     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3212**
3213**  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3214**     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3215**     storage media on which the database file resides.
3216**
3217**  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3218**     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3219**     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3220**     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3221**     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3222**     processes uses nolock=1.
3223**
3224**  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3225**     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3226**     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3227**     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3228**     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3229**     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3230**     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3231**     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3232**     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3233**
3234** </ul>
3235**
3236** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3237** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3238** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3239** additional information.
3240**
3241** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3242**
3243** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3244** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3245** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3246**          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3247** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3248**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3249**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3250**          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3251** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3252**          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3253** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3254**          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3255**     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3256**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3257**          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3258**          in URI filenames.
3259** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3260**          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3261**          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3262**          default, use a private cache.
3263** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3264**          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3265**          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3266** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3267**          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3268** </table>
3269**
3270** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3271** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3272** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3273** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3274** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3275** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3276** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3277** the results are undefined.
3278**
3279** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3280** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3281** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3282** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3283** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3284**
3285** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3286** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3287** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3288**
3289** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3290*/
3291int sqlite3_open(
3292  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3293  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3294);
3295int sqlite3_open16(
3296  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3297  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3298);
3299int sqlite3_open_v2(
3300  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3301  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3302  int flags,              /* Flags */
3303  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3304);
3305
3306/*
3307** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3308**
3309** These are utility routines, useful to VFS implementations, that check
3310** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3311** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3312**
3313** If F is the database filename pointer passed into the xOpen() method of
3314** a VFS implementation when the flags parameter to xOpen() has one or
3315** more of the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] or [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB] bits set and
3316** P is the name of the query parameter, then
3317** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3318** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3319** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F
3320** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3321** a pointer to an empty string.
3322**
3323** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3324** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3325** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3326** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3327** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3328** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3329** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3330** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3331** parameter on F or if the value of P is does not match any of the
3332** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3333**
3334** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3335** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3336** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3337** zero is returned.
3338**
3339** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3340** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3341** is not a database file pathname pointer that SQLite passed into the xOpen
3342** VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined and probably
3343** undesirable.
3344*/
3345const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3346int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3347sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3348
3349
3350/*
3351** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3352** METHOD: sqlite3
3353**
3354** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3355** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3356** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3357** API call.
3358** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3359** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3360** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3361** disabled.
3362**
3363** The values returned by sqlite3_errcode() and/or
3364** sqlite3_extended_errcode() might change with each API call.
3365** Except, there are some interfaces that are guaranteed to never
3366** change the value of the error code.  The error-code preserving
3367** interfaces are:
3368**
3369** <ul>
3370** <li> sqlite3_errcode()
3371** <li> sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3372** <li> sqlite3_errmsg()
3373** <li> sqlite3_errmsg16()
3374** </ul>
3375**
3376** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3377** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3378** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3379** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3380** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3381** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3382**
3383** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3384** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3385** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3386** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3387**
3388** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3389** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3390** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3391** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3392** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3393** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3394** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3395** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3396** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3397**
3398** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3399** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3400** error code and message may or may not be set.
3401*/
3402int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3403int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3404const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3405const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3406const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3407
3408/*
3409** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3410** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3411**
3412** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3413** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3414**
3415** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3416** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3417** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3418** prepared statement before it can be run.
3419**
3420** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3421**
3422** <ol>
3423** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3424** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3425**      interfaces.
3426** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3427** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3428**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3429** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3430** </ol>
3431*/
3432typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3433
3434/*
3435** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3436** METHOD: sqlite3
3437**
3438** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3439** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3440** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3441** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3442** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3443** new limit for that construct.)^
3444**
3445** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3446** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3447** [limits | hard upper bound]
3448** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3449** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3450** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3451** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3452** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3453**
3454** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3455** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3456** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3457** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3458**
3459** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3460** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3461** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3462** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3463** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3464** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3465** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3466** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3467** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3468** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3469** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3470** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3471**
3472** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3473*/
3474int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3475
3476/*
3477** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3478** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3479**
3480** These constants define various performance limits
3481** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3482** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3483** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3484**
3485** <dl>
3486** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3487** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3488**
3489** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3490** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3491**
3492** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3493** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3494** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3495** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3496**
3497** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3498** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3499**
3500** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3501** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3502**
3503** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3504** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3505** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3506** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3507** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3508**
3509** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3510** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3511**
3512** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3513** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3514**
3515** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3516** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3517** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3518** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3519**
3520** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3521** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3522** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3523**
3524** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3525** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3526**
3527** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3528** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3529** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3530** </dl>
3531*/
3532#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3533#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3534#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3535#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3536#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3537#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3538#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3539#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3540#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3541#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3542#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3543#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3544
3545/*
3546** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags
3547**
3548** These constants define various flags that can be passed into
3549** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and
3550** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces.
3551**
3552** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite.
3553**
3554** <dl>
3555** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT</dt>
3556** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner
3557** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and
3558** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
3559** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will
3560** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
3561** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
3562** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
3563** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of
3564** SQLite may act on this hint differently.
3565** </dl>
3566*/
3567#define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT              0x01
3568
3569/*
3570** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3571** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3572** METHOD: sqlite3
3573** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3574**
3575** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3576** program using one of these routines.  Or, in other words, these routines
3577** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object.
3578**
3579** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].  The
3580** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided.
3581** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra "prepFlags" option that is used
3582** for special purposes.
3583**
3584** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently
3585** does all parsing using UTF-8.  The UTF-16 interfaces are provided
3586** as a convenience.  The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the
3587** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface.
3588**
3589** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3590** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3591** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3592**
3593** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3594** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(),
3595** and sqlite3_prepare_v3()
3596** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
3597** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16.
3598**
3599** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3600** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3601** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3602** statement is generated.
3603** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3604** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3605** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3606** the nul-terminator.
3607**
3608** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3609** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3610** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3611** what remains uncompiled.
3612**
3613** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3614** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3615** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3616** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3617** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3618** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3619** ppStmt may not be NULL.
3620**
3621** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
3622** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
3623**
3624** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
3625** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs.
3626** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16())
3627** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
3628** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement
3629** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
3630** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
3631** behave differently in three ways:
3632**
3633** <ol>
3634** <li>
3635** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
3636** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
3637** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
3638** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
3639** </li>
3640**
3641** <li>
3642** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
3643** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
3644** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
3645** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
3646** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
3647** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
3648** </li>
3649**
3650** <li>
3651** ^If the specific value bound to [parameter | host parameter] in the
3652** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
3653** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
3654** a schema change, on the first  [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
3655** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
3656** ^The specific value of WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
3657** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
3658** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
3659** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3] compile-time option is enabled.
3660** </li>
3661** </ol>
3662**
3663** <p>^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having
3664** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or
3665** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags.  ^The
3666** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as
3667** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter.
3668*/
3669int sqlite3_prepare(
3670  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3671  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3672  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3673  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3674  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3675);
3676int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
3677  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3678  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3679  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3680  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3681  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3682);
3683int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
3684  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3685  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3686  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3687  unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
3688  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3689  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3690);
3691int sqlite3_prepare16(
3692  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3693  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3694  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3695  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3696  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3697);
3698int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
3699  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3700  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3701  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3702  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3703  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3704);
3705int sqlite3_prepare16_v3(
3706  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3707  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3708  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3709  unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
3710  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3711  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3712);
3713
3714/*
3715** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
3716** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3717**
3718** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
3719** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
3720** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()],
3721** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
3722** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
3723** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
3724** [bound parameters] expanded.
3725**
3726** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
3727** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
3728** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
3729** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
3730** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
3731**
3732** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
3733** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
3734** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
3735**
3736** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
3737** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
3738** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
3739**
3740** ^The string returned by sqlite3_sql(P) is managed by SQLite and is
3741** automatically freed when the prepared statement is finalized.
3742** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
3743** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
3744** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
3745*/
3746const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3747char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3748
3749/*
3750** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
3751** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3752**
3753** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
3754** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
3755** the content of the database file.
3756**
3757** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
3758** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
3759** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
3760** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
3761** change the database file through side-effects:
3762**
3763** <blockquote><pre>
3764**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
3765** </pre></blockquote>
3766**
3767** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
3768** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
3769**
3770** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
3771** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
3772** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
3773** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
3774** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
3775** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
3776** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
3777** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
3778** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
3779** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
3780** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
3781** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
3782*/
3783int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3784
3785/*
3786** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
3787** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3788**
3789** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
3790** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
3791** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
3792** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
3793** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
3794** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
3795** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
3796** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
3797**
3798** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
3799** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
3800** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
3801** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
3802** statements that are holding a transaction open.
3803*/
3804int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
3805
3806/*
3807** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
3808** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
3809**
3810** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
3811** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
3812** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
3813** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
3814**
3815** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
3816** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
3817** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3818** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
3819** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
3820** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
3821** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3822**
3823** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
3824** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
3825** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
3826** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
3827** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
3828** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
3829** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
3830** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
3831** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
3832** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
3833** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
3834** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
3835**
3836** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
3837** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
3838** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
3839** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
3840** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments
3841** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and
3842** [sqlite3_value_dup()].
3843** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
3844** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
3845*/
3846typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value;
3847
3848/*
3849** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
3850**
3851** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
3852** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
3853** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
3854** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
3855** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
3856** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
3857** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
3858** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
3859*/
3860typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
3861
3862/*
3863** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
3864** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
3865** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
3866** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3867**
3868** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
3869** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
3870** templates:
3871**
3872** <ul>
3873** <li>  ?
3874** <li>  ?NNN
3875** <li>  :VVV
3876** <li>  @VVV
3877** <li>  $VVV
3878** </ul>
3879**
3880** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
3881** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
3882** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
3883** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
3884**
3885** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
3886** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
3887** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
3888**
3889** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
3890** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
3891** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
3892** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
3893** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
3894** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
3895** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
3896** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
3897** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 999).
3898**
3899** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
3900** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3901** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
3902** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
3903**
3904** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
3905** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
3906** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
3907** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3908** is negative, then the length of the string is
3909** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
3910** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
3911** the behavior is undefined.
3912** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
3913** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
3914** that parameter must be the byte offset
3915** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
3916** terminated.  If any NUL characters occur at byte offsets less than
3917** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
3918** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
3919** with embedded NULs is undefined.
3920**
3921** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
3922** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
3923** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
3924** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to bind API fails.
3925** ^If the fifth argument is
3926** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
3927** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
3928** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
3929** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
3930** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
3931**
3932** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
3933** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
3934** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
3935** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
3936** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
3937** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
3938** is undefined.
3939**
3940** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
3941** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
3942** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
3943** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
3944** content is later written using
3945** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
3946** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
3947**
3948** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in
3949** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be
3950** associated with the pointer P of type T.  ^D is either a NULL pointer or
3951** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the
3952** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using
3953** P.  The T parameter should be a static string, preferably a string
3954** literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is part of the
3955** [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
3956**
3957** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
3958** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
3959** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
3960** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
3961** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
3962** result is undefined and probably harmful.
3963**
3964** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
3965** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
3966**
3967** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
3968** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
3969** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
3970** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
3971** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
3972** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
3973** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
3974**
3975** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
3976** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3977*/
3978int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
3979int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
3980                        void(*)(void*));
3981int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
3982int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
3983int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
3984int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3985int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
3986int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
3987int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
3988                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
3989int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
3990int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*));
3991int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
3992int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
3993
3994/*
3995** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
3996** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3997**
3998** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
3999** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
4000** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
4001** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
4002** to the parameters at a later time.
4003**
4004** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
4005** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
4006** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
4007** there may be gaps in the list.)^
4008**
4009** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4010** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
4011** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4012*/
4013int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
4014
4015/*
4016** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
4017** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4018**
4019** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
4020** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
4021** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4022** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4023** respectively.
4024** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
4025** is included as part of the name.)^
4026** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
4027** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
4028**
4029** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
4030**
4031** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
4032** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
4033** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
4034** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()],
4035** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4036**
4037** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4038** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4039** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4040*/
4041const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4042
4043/*
4044** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
4045** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4046**
4047** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
4048** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
4049** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
4050** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
4051** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
4052** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or
4053** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4054**
4055** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4056** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4057** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
4058*/
4059int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
4060
4061/*
4062** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
4063** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4064**
4065** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
4066** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
4067** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
4068*/
4069int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
4070
4071/*
4072** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
4073** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4074**
4075** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
4076** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
4077** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
4078** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
4079** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
4080** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
4081** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
4082**
4083** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
4084*/
4085int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4086
4087/*
4088** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
4089** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4090**
4091** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
4092** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
4093** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
4094** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
4095** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
4096** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
4097** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
4098**
4099** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
4100** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4101** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4102** or until the next call to
4103** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
4104**
4105** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
4106** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
4107** NULL pointer is returned.
4108**
4109** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
4110** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
4111** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
4112** one release of SQLite to the next.
4113*/
4114const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4115const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4116
4117/*
4118** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
4119** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4120**
4121** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
4122** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
4123** [SELECT] statement.
4124** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
4125** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
4126** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
4127** the origin_ routines return the column name.
4128** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
4129** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4130** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4131** or until the same information is requested
4132** again in a different encoding.
4133**
4134** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
4135** database, table, and column.
4136**
4137** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
4138** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
4139** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
4140** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
4141**
4142** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
4143** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
4144** NULL.  ^These routine might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
4145** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
4146** or column that query result column was extracted from.
4147**
4148** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4149** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4150**
4151** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4152** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4153**
4154** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
4155** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
4156** undefined.
4157**
4158** If two or more threads call one or more
4159** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4160** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4161** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4162*/
4163const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4164const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4165const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4166const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4167const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4168const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4169
4170/*
4171** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4172** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4173**
4174** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4175** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4176** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4177** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4178** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4179** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4180** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4181**
4182** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4183**
4184** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4185**
4186** and the following statement to be compiled:
4187**
4188** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4189**
4190** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4191** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4192**
4193** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4194** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4195** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4196** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4197** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4198** used to hold those values.
4199*/
4200const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4201const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4202
4203/*
4204** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4205** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4206**
4207** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of
4208** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
4209** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy
4210** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4211** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4212**
4213** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4214** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces
4215** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()],
4216** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4217** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4218** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4219** interface will continue to be supported.
4220**
4221** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4222** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4223** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4224** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4225**
4226** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4227** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4228** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4229** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4230** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4231** continuing.
4232**
4233** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4234** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4235** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4236** machine back to its initial state.
4237**
4238** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4239** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4240** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4241** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4242**
4243** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4244** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4245** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4246** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4247** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4248** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4249** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4250** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4251**
4252** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4253** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4254** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4255** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4256** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4257** more threads at the same moment in time.
4258**
4259** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4260** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4261** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4262** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4263** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4264** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4265** sqlite3_step() began
4266** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4267** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4268** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4269** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4270** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4271**
4272** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4273** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4274** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4275** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4276** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4277** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4278** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4279** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
4280** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead
4281** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4282** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4283** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended.
4284*/
4285int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4286
4287/*
4288** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4289** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4290**
4291** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4292** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4293** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4294** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of
4295** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4296** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4297** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4298** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4299** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4300** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4301** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4302** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4303**
4304** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4305*/
4306int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4307
4308/*
4309** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4310** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4311**
4312** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4313**
4314** <ul>
4315** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4316** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4317** <li> string
4318** <li> BLOB
4319** <li> NULL
4320** </ul>)^
4321**
4322** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4323**
4324** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4325** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4326** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4327** SQLITE_TEXT.
4328*/
4329#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4330#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4331#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4332#define SQLITE_NULL     5
4333#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4334# undef SQLITE_TEXT
4335#else
4336# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4337#endif
4338#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4339
4340/*
4341** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4342** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4343** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4344**
4345** <b>Summary:</b>
4346** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
4347** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB result
4348** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL result
4349** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER result
4350** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER result
4351** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT result
4352** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT result
4353** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an
4354** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
4355** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
4356** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
4357** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes
4358** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4359** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
4360** TEXT in bytes
4361** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
4362** datatype of the result
4363** </table></blockquote>
4364**
4365** <b>Details:</b>
4366**
4367** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4368** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4369** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4370** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4371** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4372** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4373** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4374** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4375**
4376** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4377** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4378** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4379** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4380** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4381** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4382** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4383** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4384** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4385** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4386** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4387**
4388** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16)
4389** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format.  If
4390** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example,
4391** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface
4392** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed.
4393**
4394** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4395** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4396** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4397** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].
4398** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which
4399** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value.
4400** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no
4401** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question.
4402** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type()
4403** is undefined, though harmless.  Future
4404** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4405** following a type conversion.
4406**
4407** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4408** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size
4409** of that BLOB or string.
4410**
4411** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4412** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4413** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4414** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4415** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4416** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4417** the number of bytes in that string.
4418** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4419**
4420** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4421** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4422** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4423** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4424** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4425** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4426** the number of bytes in that string.
4427** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4428**
4429** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4430** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4431** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4432** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4433** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4434**
4435** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4436** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4437** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4438**
4439** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4440** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4441** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4442** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4443** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4444** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4445** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4446** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4447** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface
4448** is normally only useful within the implementation of
4449** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within
4450** top-level application code.
4451**
4452** The these routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result.
4453** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4454** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4455** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4456** that are applied:
4457**
4458** <blockquote>
4459** <table border="1">
4460** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4461**
4462** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4463** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4464** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4465** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4466** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4467** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4468** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4469** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4470** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4471** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4472** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4473** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4474** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4475** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4476** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4477** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4478** </table>
4479** </blockquote>)^
4480**
4481** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4482** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4483** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4484** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4485** in the following cases:
4486**
4487** <ul>
4488** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4489**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4490**      need to be added to the string.</li>
4491** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4492**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4493**      to UTF-16.</li>
4494** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4495**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4496**      to UTF-8.</li>
4497** </ul>
4498**
4499** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4500** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4501** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4502** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4503** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4504**
4505** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4506** in one of the following ways:
4507**
4508** <ul>
4509**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4510**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4511**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4512** </ul>
4513**
4514** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4515** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4516** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4517** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4518** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4519** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4520** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4521**
4522** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4523** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4524** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4525** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do not pass the pointers returned
4526** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4527** [sqlite3_free()].
4528**
4529** As long as the input parameters are correct, these routines will only
4530** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
4531** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
4532** errors:
4533**
4534** <ul>
4535** <li> sqlite3_column_blob()
4536** <li> sqlite3_column_text()
4537** <li> sqlite3_column_text16()
4538** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes()
4539** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4540** </ul>
4541**
4542** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
4543** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
4544** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
4545** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
4546** return value is obtained and before any
4547** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
4548*/
4549const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4550double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4551int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4552sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4553const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4554const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4555sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4556int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4557int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4558int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4559
4560/*
4561** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4562** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4563**
4564** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4565** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4566** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4567** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4568** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4569** [extended error code].
4570**
4571** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4572** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4573** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4574** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4575** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4576** completed execution.
4577**
4578** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4579**
4580** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4581** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4582** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4583** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4584** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
4585*/
4586int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4587
4588/*
4589** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
4590** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4591**
4592** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
4593** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
4594** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
4595** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
4596** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
4597**
4598** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
4599** back to the beginning of its program.
4600**
4601** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4602** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
4603** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
4604** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
4605**
4606** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4607** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
4608** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
4609**
4610** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
4611** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
4612*/
4613int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4614
4615/*
4616** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
4617** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
4618** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
4619** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
4620** METHOD: sqlite3
4621**
4622** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
4623** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
4624** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only differences between
4625** these routines are the text encoding expected for
4626** the second parameter (the name of the function being created)
4627** and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
4628** the application data pointer.
4629**
4630** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
4631** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
4632** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
4633** to each database connection separately.
4634**
4635** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
4636** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
4637** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
4638** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
4639** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
4640** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
4641**
4642** ^The third parameter (nArg)
4643** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
4644** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
4645** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
4646** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
4647** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
4648** undefined.
4649**
4650** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
4651** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
4652** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
4653** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
4654** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
4655** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
4656** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
4657** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
4658** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
4659** each encoding.
4660** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
4661** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
4662**
4663** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
4664** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
4665** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
4666** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
4667** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
4668** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
4669** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
4670**
4671** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
4672** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
4673**
4674** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
4675** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
4676** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
4677** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
4678** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
4679** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
4680** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
4681** callbacks.
4682**
4683** ^(If the ninth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() is not NULL,
4684** then it is destructor for the application data pointer.
4685** The destructor is invoked when the function is deleted, either by being
4686** overloaded or when the database connection closes.)^
4687** ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
4688** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.
4689** ^When the destructor callback of the tenth parameter is invoked, it
4690** is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application data
4691** pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
4692**
4693** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
4694** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
4695** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
4696** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
4697** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
4698** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
4699** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
4700** matches the database encoding is a better
4701** match than a function where the encoding is different.
4702** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
4703** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
4704** between UTF8 and UTF16.
4705**
4706** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
4707**
4708** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
4709** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
4710** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
4711** statement in which the function is running.
4712*/
4713int sqlite3_create_function(
4714  sqlite3 *db,
4715  const char *zFunctionName,
4716  int nArg,
4717  int eTextRep,
4718  void *pApp,
4719  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4720  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4721  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4722);
4723int sqlite3_create_function16(
4724  sqlite3 *db,
4725  const void *zFunctionName,
4726  int nArg,
4727  int eTextRep,
4728  void *pApp,
4729  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4730  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4731  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4732);
4733int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
4734  sqlite3 *db,
4735  const char *zFunctionName,
4736  int nArg,
4737  int eTextRep,
4738  void *pApp,
4739  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4740  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4741  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
4742  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4743);
4744
4745/*
4746** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
4747**
4748** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
4749** text encodings supported by SQLite.
4750*/
4751#define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
4752#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
4753#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
4754#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
4755#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
4756#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
4757
4758/*
4759** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
4760**
4761** These constants may be ORed together with the
4762** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
4763** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
4764** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
4765*/
4766#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x800
4767
4768/*
4769** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
4770** DEPRECATED
4771**
4772** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
4773** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
4774** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
4775** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
4776** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
4777*/
4778#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
4779SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
4780SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
4781SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
4782SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
4783SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
4784SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
4785                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
4786#endif
4787
4788/*
4789** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
4790** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4791**
4792** <b>Summary:</b>
4793** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
4794** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB value
4795** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL value
4796** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER value
4797** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER value
4798** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_pointer</b><td>&rarr;<td>Pointer value
4799** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT value
4800** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT value in
4801** the native byteorder
4802** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16be</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16be TEXT value
4803** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16le</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16le TEXT value
4804** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
4805** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
4806** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes
4807** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4808** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
4809** TEXT in bytes
4810** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
4811** datatype of the value
4812** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_numeric_type&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4813** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Best numeric datatype of the value
4814** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_nochange&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4815** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE
4816** against a virtual table.
4817** </table></blockquote>
4818**
4819** <b>Details:</b>
4820**
4821** These routines extract type, size, and content information from
4822** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  Protected sqlite3_value objects
4823** are used to pass parameter information into implementation of
4824** [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables].
4825**
4826** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
4827** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
4828** is not threadsafe.
4829**
4830** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
4831** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
4832** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
4833**
4834** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
4835** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
4836** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
4837** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
4838**
4839** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized
4840** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)]
4841** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y),
4842** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P.  ^Otherwise,
4843** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer()
4844** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
4845**
4846** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the
4847** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the
4848** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4849** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^
4850** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object.
4851** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and
4852** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that
4853** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return
4854** SQLITE_TEXT.  Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion
4855** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next.
4856**
4857** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
4858** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
4859** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
4860** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
4861** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
4862** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
4863** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
4864**
4865** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the
4866** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if
4867** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation
4868** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if
4869** and the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extracted
4870** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably
4871** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column
4872** was unchanging).  ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which
4873** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear
4874** to be a NULL value.  If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other
4875** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then
4876** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless.
4877**
4878** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
4879** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
4880** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
4881** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4882** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
4883**
4884** These routines must be called from the same thread as
4885** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
4886**
4887** As long as the input parameter is correct, these routines can only
4888** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
4889** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
4890** errors:
4891**
4892** <ul>
4893** <li> sqlite3_value_blob()
4894** <li> sqlite3_value_text()
4895** <li> sqlite3_value_text16()
4896** <li> sqlite3_value_text16le()
4897** <li> sqlite3_value_text16be()
4898** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes()
4899** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes16()
4900** </ul>
4901**
4902** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
4903** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
4904** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
4905** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
4906** return value is obtained and before any
4907** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
4908*/
4909const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
4910double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
4911int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
4912sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
4913void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*);
4914const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
4915const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
4916const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
4917const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
4918int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
4919int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
4920int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
4921int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
4922int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*);
4923
4924/*
4925** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
4926** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4927**
4928** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
4929** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
4930** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
4931** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
4932** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
4933*/
4934unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
4935
4936/*
4937** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
4938** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4939**
4940** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4941** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
4942** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
4943** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
4944** memory allocation fails.
4945**
4946** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
4947** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
4948** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
4949*/
4950sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
4951void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
4952
4953/*
4954** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
4955** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4956**
4957** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
4958** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
4959**
4960** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
4961** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite
4962** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
4963** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
4964** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
4965** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
4966** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
4967** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
4968** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
4969** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
4970** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
4971** first time from within xFinal().)^
4972**
4973** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
4974** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
4975** allocate error occurs.
4976**
4977** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
4978** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
4979** value of N in subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
4980** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
4981** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
4982** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
4983** pointless memory allocations occur.
4984**
4985** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
4986** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
4987**
4988** The first parameter must be a copy of the
4989** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
4990** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
4991** function.
4992**
4993** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4994** the aggregate SQL function is running.
4995*/
4996void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
4997
4998/*
4999** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
5000** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5001**
5002** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
5003** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
5004** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5005** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5006** registered the application defined function.
5007**
5008** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5009** the application-defined function is running.
5010*/
5011void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
5012
5013/*
5014** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
5015** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5016**
5017** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
5018** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
5019** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5020** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5021** registered the application defined function.
5022*/
5023sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
5024
5025/*
5026** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
5027** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5028**
5029** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
5030** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
5031** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
5032** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
5033** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
5034** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
5035** metadata associated with the pattern string.
5036** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
5037** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
5038** invocations of the same function.
5039**
5040** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata
5041** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument
5042** value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero for the left-most
5043** function argument.  ^If there is no metadata
5044** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface
5045** returns a NULL pointer.
5046**
5047** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
5048** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
5049** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
5050** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
5051** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
5052** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
5053** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
5054** once, when the metadata is discarded.
5055** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
5056** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
5057** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
5058**      SQL statement)^, or
5059** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
5060**       parameter)^, or
5061** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
5062**      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
5063**
5064** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
5065** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
5066** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
5067** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
5068** function implementation should not make any use of P after
5069** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
5070**
5071** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
5072** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
5073** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
5074**
5075** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative.
5076** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new
5077** kinds of function caching behavior.
5078**
5079** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
5080** the SQL function is running.
5081*/
5082void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
5083void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
5084
5085
5086/*
5087** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
5088**
5089** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
5090** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
5091** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
5092** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
5093** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
5094** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
5095** the content before returning.
5096**
5097** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
5098** C++ compilers.
5099*/
5100typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
5101#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
5102#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
5103
5104/*
5105** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
5106** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5107**
5108** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
5109** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
5110** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
5111** for additional information.
5112**
5113** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
5114** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
5115** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
5116**
5117** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
5118** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
5119** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
5120** third parameter.
5121**
5122** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
5123** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
5124** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
5125**
5126** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
5127** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
5128** by its 2nd argument.
5129**
5130** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
5131** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
5132** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
5133** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
5134** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
5135** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
5136** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 in native
5137** byte order.  ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
5138** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
5139** message all text up through the first zero character.
5140** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
5141** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
5142** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
5143** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
5144** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
5145** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
5146** modify the text after they return without harm.
5147** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
5148** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
5149** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
5150** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
5151**
5152** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5153** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
5154**
5155** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5156** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
5157**
5158** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
5159** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
5160** value given in the 2nd argument.
5161** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
5162** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
5163** value given in the 2nd argument.
5164**
5165** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
5166** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
5167**
5168** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
5169** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
5170** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
5171** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
5172** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
5173** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
5174** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
5175** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
5176** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
5177** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
5178** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
5179** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5180** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
5181** through the first zero character.
5182** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5183** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
5184** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
5185** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
5186** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
5187** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
5188** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
5189** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
5190** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
5191** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5192** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
5193** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
5194** finished using that result.
5195** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
5196** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
5197** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
5198** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
5199** when it has finished using that result.
5200** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5201** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
5202** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained
5203** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
5204**
5205** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
5206** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
5207** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
5208** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5209** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
5210** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
5211** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
5212** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
5213** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
5214**
5215** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an
5216** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it
5217** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that
5218** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an
5219** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()].
5220** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor
5221** for the P parameter.  ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument
5222** when SQLite is finished with P.  The T parameter should be a static
5223** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer()
5224** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5225**
5226** If these routines are called from within the different thread
5227** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
5228** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
5229*/
5230void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5231void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
5232                           sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
5233void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
5234void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
5235void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
5236void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
5237void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
5238void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
5239void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
5240void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
5241void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
5242void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
5243void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
5244                           void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
5245void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5246void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5247void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5248void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
5249void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*));
5250void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
5251int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
5252
5253
5254/*
5255** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
5256** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5257**
5258** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
5259** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
5260** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
5261** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
5262** higher order bits are discarded.
5263** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
5264** in future releases of SQLite.
5265*/
5266void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
5267
5268/*
5269** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
5270** METHOD: sqlite3
5271**
5272** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
5273** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
5274**
5275** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
5276** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
5277** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
5278** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
5279** considered to be the same name.
5280**
5281** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
5282** <ul>
5283** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
5284** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
5285** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5286** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
5287** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
5288** </ul>)^
5289** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
5290** to the collating function callback, xCallback.
5291** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
5292** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
5293** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
5294** on an even byte address.
5295**
5296** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5297** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5298**
5299** ^The fifth argument, xCallback, is a pointer to the collating function.
5300** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5301** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5302** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5303** ^If the xCallback argument is NULL then the collating function is
5304** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5305** that collation is no longer usable.
5306**
5307** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5308** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5309** by the eTextRep argument.  The collating function must return an
5310** integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5311** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5312** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5313** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5314** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5315** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5316** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5317** strings A, B, and C:
5318**
5319** <ol>
5320** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5321** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5322** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5323** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5324** </ol>
5325**
5326** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5327** collating function is  registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5328** is undefined.
5329**
5330** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5331** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5332** the collating function is deleted.
5333** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5334** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5335** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5336**
5337** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5338** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5339** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5340** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5341** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5342** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5343** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5344** compatibility.
5345**
5346** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5347*/
5348int sqlite3_create_collation(
5349  sqlite3*,
5350  const char *zName,
5351  int eTextRep,
5352  void *pArg,
5353  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5354);
5355int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5356  sqlite3*,
5357  const char *zName,
5358  int eTextRep,
5359  void *pArg,
5360  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5361  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5362);
5363int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5364  sqlite3*,
5365  const void *zName,
5366  int eTextRep,
5367  void *pArg,
5368  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5369);
5370
5371/*
5372** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5373** METHOD: sqlite3
5374**
5375** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5376** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5377** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5378** sequence is required.
5379**
5380** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5381** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5382** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5383** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5384** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5385**
5386** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5387** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5388** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5389** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5390** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5391** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5392** required collation sequence.)^
5393**
5394** The callback function should register the desired collation using
5395** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
5396** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
5397*/
5398int sqlite3_collation_needed(
5399  sqlite3*,
5400  void*,
5401  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
5402);
5403int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
5404  sqlite3*,
5405  void*,
5406  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
5407);
5408
5409#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
5410/*
5411** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
5412** called right after sqlite3_open().
5413**
5414** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5415** of SQLite.
5416*/
5417int sqlite3_key(
5418  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5419  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5420);
5421int sqlite3_key_v2(
5422  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5423  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5424  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5425);
5426
5427/*
5428** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
5429** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
5430** database is decrypted.
5431**
5432** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5433** of SQLite.
5434*/
5435int sqlite3_rekey(
5436  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5437  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5438);
5439int sqlite3_rekey_v2(
5440  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5441  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5442  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5443);
5444
5445/*
5446** Specify the activation key for a SEE database.  Unless
5447** activated, none of the SEE routines will work.
5448*/
5449void sqlite3_activate_see(
5450  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5451);
5452#endif
5453
5454#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
5455/*
5456** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
5457** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
5458*/
5459void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
5460  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5461);
5462#endif
5463
5464/*
5465** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
5466**
5467** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
5468** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
5469**
5470** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
5471** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
5472** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
5473** requested from the operating system is returned.
5474**
5475** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
5476** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
5477** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
5478** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
5479** in the previous paragraphs.
5480*/
5481int sqlite3_sleep(int);
5482
5483/*
5484** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
5485**
5486** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5487** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
5488** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
5489** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
5490** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
5491** temporary file directory.
5492**
5493** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
5494** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
5495** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
5496** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
5497** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
5498** be avoided in new projects.
5499**
5500** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5501** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5502** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5503** thread.
5504** It is intended that this variable be set once
5505** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5506** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5507** thereafter.
5508**
5509** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5510** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5511** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5512** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5513** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5514** using [sqlite3_free].
5515** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5516** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5517** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5518** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
5519** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
5520** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
5521** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
5522** objects have been destroyed.
5523**
5524** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
5525** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
5526** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
5527** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
5528**
5529** <blockquote><pre>
5530** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
5531** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
5532** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
5533** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
5534** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
5535** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
5536** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
5537** </pre></blockquote>
5538*/
5539SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
5540
5541/*
5542** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
5543**
5544** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5545** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
5546** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
5547** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
5548** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
5549** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
5550** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
5551** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
5552** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
5553**
5554** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
5555** open can result in a corrupt database.
5556**
5557** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5558** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5559** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5560** thread.
5561** It is intended that this variable be set once
5562** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5563** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5564** thereafter.
5565**
5566** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5567** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5568** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5569** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5570** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5571** using [sqlite3_free].
5572** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5573** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5574** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5575*/
5576SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
5577
5578/*
5579** CAPI3REF: Win32 Specific Interface
5580**
5581** These interfaces are available only on Windows.  The
5582** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface is used to set the value associated
5583** with the [sqlite3_temp_directory] or [sqlite3_data_directory] variable, to
5584** zValue, depending on the value of the type parameter.  The zValue parameter
5585** should be NULL to cause the previous value to be freed via [sqlite3_free];
5586** a non-NULL value will be copied into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5587** prior to being used.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface returns
5588** [SQLITE_OK] to indicate success, [SQLITE_ERROR] if the type is unsupported,
5589** or [SQLITE_NOMEM] if memory could not be allocated.  The value of the
5590** [sqlite3_data_directory] variable is intended to act as a replacement for
5591** the current directory on the sub-platforms of Win32 where that concept is
5592** not present, e.g. WinRT and UWP.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory8] and
5593** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory16] interfaces behave exactly the same as the
5594** sqlite3_win32_set_directory interface except the string parameter must be
5595** UTF-8 or UTF-16, respectively.
5596*/
5597int sqlite3_win32_set_directory(
5598  unsigned long type, /* Identifier for directory being set or reset */
5599  void *zValue        /* New value for directory being set or reset */
5600);
5601int sqlite3_win32_set_directory8(unsigned long type, const char *zValue);
5602int sqlite3_win32_set_directory16(unsigned long type, const void *zValue);
5603
5604/*
5605** CAPI3REF: Win32 Directory Types
5606**
5607** These macros are only available on Windows.  They define the allowed values
5608** for the type argument to the [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface.
5609*/
5610#define SQLITE_WIN32_DATA_DIRECTORY_TYPE  1
5611#define SQLITE_WIN32_TEMP_DIRECTORY_TYPE  2
5612
5613/*
5614** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
5615** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
5616** METHOD: sqlite3
5617**
5618** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
5619** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
5620** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
5621** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
5622** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
5623**
5624** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
5625** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
5626** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
5627** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
5628** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
5629** an error is to use this function.
5630**
5631** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
5632** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
5633** is undefined.
5634*/
5635int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
5636
5637/*
5638** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
5639** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5640**
5641** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
5642** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
5643** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
5644** that was the first argument
5645** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
5646** create the statement in the first place.
5647*/
5648sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
5649
5650/*
5651** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
5652** METHOD: sqlite3
5653**
5654** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename
5655** associated with database N of connection D.  ^The main database file
5656** has the name "main".  If there is no attached database N on the database
5657** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
5658** a NULL pointer is returned.
5659**
5660** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
5661** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
5662** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
5663** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
5664*/
5665const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5666
5667/*
5668** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
5669** METHOD: sqlite3
5670**
5671** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
5672** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
5673** the name of a database on connection D.
5674*/
5675int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5676
5677/*
5678** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
5679** METHOD: sqlite3
5680**
5681** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
5682** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
5683** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
5684** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
5685** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
5686**
5687** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
5688** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
5689** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
5690*/
5691sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5692
5693/*
5694** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
5695** METHOD: sqlite3
5696**
5697** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
5698** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
5699** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
5700** for the same database connection is overridden.
5701** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
5702** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
5703** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
5704** for the same database connection is overridden.
5705** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
5706** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
5707** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
5708**
5709** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
5710** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
5711** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5712** the first call for each function on D.
5713**
5714** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
5715** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
5716** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
5717** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5718** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
5719** or rollback hook in the first place.
5720** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
5721** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
5722** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5723**
5724** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
5725**
5726** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
5727** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
5728** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
5729** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
5730** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
5731**
5732** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
5733** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
5734** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
5735** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
5736** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
5737**
5738** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
5739*/
5740void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
5741void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
5742
5743/*
5744** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
5745** METHOD: sqlite3
5746**
5747** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
5748** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
5749** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
5750** a [rowid table].
5751** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
5752** for the same database connection is overridden.
5753**
5754** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
5755** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
5756** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
5757** to sqlite3_update_hook().
5758** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
5759** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
5760** to be invoked.
5761** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
5762** database and table name containing the affected row.
5763** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
5764** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
5765**
5766** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
5767** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).)^
5768** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
5769**
5770** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
5771** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
5772** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
5773** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
5774** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
5775** release of SQLite.
5776**
5777** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
5778** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
5779** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5780** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
5781** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
5782** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5783**
5784** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
5785** returns the P argument from the previous call
5786** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5787** the first call on D.
5788**
5789** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
5790** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
5791*/
5792void *sqlite3_update_hook(
5793  sqlite3*,
5794  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
5795  void*
5796);
5797
5798/*
5799** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
5800**
5801** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
5802** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
5803** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
5804** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
5805**
5806** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
5807** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
5808** In prior versions of SQLite,
5809** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
5810**
5811** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
5812** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
5813** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode
5814** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
5815**
5816** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
5817** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
5818**
5819** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
5820** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
5821** cache setting should set it explicitly.
5822**
5823** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
5824** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
5825** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
5826** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
5827**
5828** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
5829** 32-bit integer is atomic.
5830**
5831** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
5832*/
5833int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
5834
5835/*
5836** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
5837**
5838** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
5839** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
5840** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
5841** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
5842** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
5843** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
5844** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
5845** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5846**
5847** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
5848*/
5849int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
5850
5851/*
5852** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
5853** METHOD: sqlite3
5854**
5855** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
5856** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
5857** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
5858** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
5859** omitted.
5860**
5861** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
5862*/
5863int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
5864
5865/*
5866** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
5867**
5868** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
5869** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
5870** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
5871** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
5872** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
5873** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
5874** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
5875** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
5876** is advisory only.
5877**
5878** ^The return value from sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() is the size of
5879** the soft heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
5880** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
5881** then no change is made to the soft heap limit.  Hence, the current
5882** size of the soft heap limit can be determined by invoking
5883** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() with a negative argument.
5884**
5885** ^If the argument N is zero then the soft heap limit is disabled.
5886**
5887** ^(The soft heap limit is not enforced in the current implementation
5888** if one or more of following conditions are true:
5889**
5890** <ul>
5891** <li> The soft heap limit is set to zero.
5892** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
5893**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
5894**      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
5895** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
5896**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
5897** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
5898**      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
5899**      from the heap.
5900** </ul>)^
5901**
5902** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.7.3] ([dateof:3.7.3]),
5903** the soft heap limit is enforced
5904** regardless of whether or not the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]
5905** compile-time option is invoked.  With [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT],
5906** the soft heap limit is enforced on every memory allocation.  Without
5907** [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT], the soft heap limit is only enforced
5908** when memory is allocated by the page cache.  Testing suggests that because
5909** the page cache is the predominate memory user in SQLite, most
5910** applications will achieve adequate soft heap limit enforcement without
5911** the use of [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5912**
5913** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the soft heap limit may
5914** changes in future releases of SQLite.
5915*/
5916sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
5917
5918/*
5919** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
5920** DEPRECATED
5921**
5922** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
5923** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
5924** only.  All new applications should use the
5925** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
5926*/
5927SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
5928
5929
5930/*
5931** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
5932** METHOD: sqlite3
5933**
5934** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
5935** information about column C of table T in database D
5936** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
5937** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
5938** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
5939** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
5940** SQLITE_ERROR and if the specified column does not exist.
5941** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
5942** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
5943** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
5944** does not.  If the table name parameter T in a call to
5945** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is
5946** undefined behavior.
5947**
5948** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
5949** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
5950** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
5951** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
5952** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
5953** resolve unqualified table references.
5954**
5955** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
5956** name of the desired column, respectively.
5957**
5958** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
5959** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
5960** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
5961**
5962** ^(<blockquote>
5963** <table border="1">
5964** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
5965**
5966** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
5967** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
5968** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
5969** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
5970** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
5971** </table>
5972** </blockquote>)^
5973**
5974** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
5975** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
5976** call to any SQLite API function.
5977**
5978** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
5979**
5980** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
5981** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
5982** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
5983** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
5984** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
5985** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
5986**
5987** <pre>
5988**     data type: "INTEGER"
5989**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
5990**     not null: 0
5991**     primary key: 1
5992**     auto increment: 0
5993** </pre>)^
5994**
5995** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
5996** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
5997** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
5998*/
5999int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
6000  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
6001  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
6002  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
6003  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
6004  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
6005  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
6006  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
6007  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
6008  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
6009);
6010
6011/*
6012** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
6013** METHOD: sqlite3
6014**
6015** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
6016**
6017** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
6018** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
6019** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
6020** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
6021** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
6022** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
6023** be tried also.
6024**
6025** ^The entry point is zProc.
6026** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
6027** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
6028** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
6029** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
6030** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
6031** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
6032** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
6033** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
6034** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
6035** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
6036** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
6037** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
6038** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
6039**
6040** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
6041** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
6042** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
6043** prior to calling this API,
6044** otherwise an error will be returned.
6045**
6046** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
6047** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
6048** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
6049** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
6050** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6051** access to extension loading capabilities.
6052**
6053** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
6054*/
6055int sqlite3_load_extension(
6056  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
6057  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
6058  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
6059  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
6060);
6061
6062/*
6063** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
6064** METHOD: sqlite3
6065**
6066** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
6067** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
6068** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
6069** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
6070**
6071** ^Extension loading is off by default.
6072** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
6073** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
6074** it back off again.
6075**
6076** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
6077** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
6078** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
6079** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
6080**
6081** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
6082** be disabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
6083** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
6084** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6085** access to extension loading capabilities.
6086*/
6087int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
6088
6089/*
6090** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
6091**
6092** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
6093** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
6094** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
6095** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
6096**
6097** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
6098** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
6099** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
6100** entry point where as follows:
6101**
6102** <blockquote><pre>
6103** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
6104** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
6105** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
6106** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
6107** &nbsp;  );
6108** </pre></blockquote>)^
6109**
6110** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
6111** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
6112** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
6113** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
6114** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
6115** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
6116** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
6117**
6118** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
6119** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
6120** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
6121**
6122** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
6123** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
6124*/
6125int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6126
6127/*
6128** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
6129**
6130** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
6131** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
6132** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
6133** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
6134** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
6135** routines.
6136*/
6137int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6138
6139/*
6140** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
6141**
6142** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
6143** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
6144*/
6145void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
6146
6147/*
6148** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
6149** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6150** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6151**
6152** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6153** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6154*/
6155
6156/*
6157** Structures used by the virtual table interface
6158*/
6159typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
6160typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
6161typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
6162typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
6163
6164/*
6165** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
6166** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
6167**
6168** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
6169** defines the implementation of a [virtual tables].
6170** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
6171**
6172** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
6173** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
6174** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
6175** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
6176** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
6177** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
6178** any database connection.
6179*/
6180struct sqlite3_module {
6181  int iVersion;
6182  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6183               int argc, const char *const*argv,
6184               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6185  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6186               int argc, const char *const*argv,
6187               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6188  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
6189  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6190  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6191  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
6192  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6193  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
6194                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
6195  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6196  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6197  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
6198  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
6199  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
6200  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6201  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6202  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6203  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6204  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
6205                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
6206                       void **ppArg);
6207  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
6208  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
6209  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
6210  int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6211  int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6212  int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6213};
6214
6215/*
6216** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
6217** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
6218**
6219** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
6220** of the [virtual table] interface to
6221** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
6222** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
6223** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
6224** results into the **Outputs** fields.
6225**
6226** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
6227**
6228** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
6229**
6230** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
6231** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
6232** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
6233** ^(The index of the column is stored in
6234** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
6235** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
6236** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
6237**
6238** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
6239** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
6240** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
6241** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
6242** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
6243**
6244** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
6245** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
6246**
6247** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
6248** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
6249** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
6250** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
6251** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
6252** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
6253** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
6254** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
6255** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
6256** non-zero.
6257**
6258** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
6259** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
6260** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
6261** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
6262** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
6263** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.)^
6264**
6265** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
6266** [xFilter] method.
6267** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
6268** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
6269**
6270** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
6271** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
6272** sorting step is required.
6273**
6274** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
6275** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
6276** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
6277** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
6278** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
6279**
6280** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
6281** will be returned by the strategy.
6282**
6283** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
6284** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
6285** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
6286** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
6287**
6288** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
6289** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
6290** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
6291** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
6292** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
6293** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
6294** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
6295** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
6296** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
6297**
6298** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
6299** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
6300** If a virtual table extension is
6301** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
6302** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
6303** to included crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
6304** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
6305** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
6306** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
6307** It may therefore only be used if
6308** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
6309** 3009000.
6310*/
6311struct sqlite3_index_info {
6312  /* Inputs */
6313  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
6314  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
6315     int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
6316     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
6317     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
6318     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
6319  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
6320  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
6321  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
6322     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
6323     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
6324  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
6325  /* Outputs */
6326  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
6327    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
6328    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
6329  } *aConstraintUsage;
6330  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
6331  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
6332  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
6333  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
6334  double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
6335  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
6336  sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
6337  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
6338  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
6339  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
6340  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
6341};
6342
6343/*
6344** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
6345**
6346** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the
6347** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
6348** these bits.
6349*/
6350#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
6351
6352/*
6353** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
6354**
6355** These macros defined the allowed values for the
6356** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
6357** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
6358** a query that uses a [virtual table].
6359*/
6360#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ         2
6361#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT         4
6362#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE         8
6363#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT        16
6364#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE        32
6365#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH     64
6366#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE      65
6367#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB      66
6368#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP    67
6369#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE        68
6370#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT     69
6371#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70
6372#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL    71
6373#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS        72
6374
6375/*
6376** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
6377** METHOD: sqlite3
6378**
6379** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
6380** ^Module names must be registered before
6381** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
6382** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
6383**
6384** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
6385** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
6386** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
6387** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
6388** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
6389** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
6390** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
6391**
6392** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
6393** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
6394** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
6395** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
6396** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
6397** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
6398** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
6399** destructor.
6400*/
6401int sqlite3_create_module(
6402  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6403  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6404  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6405  void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6406);
6407int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
6408  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6409  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6410  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6411  void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6412  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
6413);
6414
6415/*
6416** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
6417** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
6418**
6419** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
6420** of this object to describe a particular instance
6421** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
6422** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
6423** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
6424** common to all module implementations.
6425**
6426** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
6427** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
6428** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
6429** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
6430** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
6431** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
6432*/
6433struct sqlite3_vtab {
6434  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
6435  int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
6436  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
6437  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6438};
6439
6440/*
6441** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
6442** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
6443**
6444** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
6445** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
6446** [virtual table] and are used
6447** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
6448** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
6449** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
6450** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
6451** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
6452** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
6453**
6454** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
6455** are common to all implementations.
6456*/
6457struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
6458  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
6459  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6460};
6461
6462/*
6463** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
6464**
6465** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
6466** [virtual table module] call this interface
6467** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
6468** the virtual tables they implement.
6469*/
6470int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
6471
6472/*
6473** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
6474** METHOD: sqlite3
6475**
6476** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
6477** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
6478** But global versions of those functions
6479** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
6480**
6481** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
6482** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
6483** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
6484** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
6485** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
6486** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
6487** by a [virtual table].
6488*/
6489int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
6490
6491/*
6492** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
6493** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
6494** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6495** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6496**
6497** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6498** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6499*/
6500
6501/*
6502** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
6503** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
6504**
6505** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
6506** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
6507** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
6508** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6509** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
6510** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
6511** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
6512*/
6513typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
6514
6515/*
6516** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
6517** METHOD: sqlite3
6518** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6519**
6520** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
6521** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
6522** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
6523**
6524** <pre>
6525**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
6526** </pre>)^
6527**
6528** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
6529** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
6530** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
6531** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
6532** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
6533**
6534** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
6535** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
6536** read-only access.
6537**
6538** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
6539** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
6540** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
6541** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
6542** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
6543**
6544** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
6545** <ul>
6546**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
6547**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
6548**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
6549**   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
6550**   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
6551**   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
6552**         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
6553**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
6554**         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
6555**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
6556**         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
6557**         being opened for read/write access)^.
6558** </ul>
6559**
6560** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
6561** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6562** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6563**
6564** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
6565** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
6566** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
6567** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
6568** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
6569** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
6570**
6571** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
6572** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
6573** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
6574** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
6575** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
6576** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
6577** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6578** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
6579** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
6580** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
6581**
6582** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
6583** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
6584** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
6585** blob.
6586**
6587** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
6588** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
6589** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
6590**
6591** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
6592** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6593**
6594** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
6595** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
6596** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6597*/
6598int sqlite3_blob_open(
6599  sqlite3*,
6600  const char *zDb,
6601  const char *zTable,
6602  const char *zColumn,
6603  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
6604  int flags,
6605  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
6606);
6607
6608/*
6609** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
6610** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6611**
6612** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
6613** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
6614** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
6615** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
6616** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
6617** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
6618**
6619** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
6620** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
6621** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
6622** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
6623** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
6624** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
6625** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
6626** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
6627** always returns zero.
6628**
6629** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
6630*/
6631int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
6632
6633/*
6634** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
6635** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6636**
6637** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
6638** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
6639** handle is still closed.)^
6640**
6641** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
6642** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
6643** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
6644** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
6645** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
6646**
6647** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
6648** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
6649** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
6650** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
6651** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
6652** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
6653*/
6654int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
6655
6656/*
6657** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
6658** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6659**
6660** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
6661** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
6662** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
6663** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
6664**
6665** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6666** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6667** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6668** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6669*/
6670int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
6671
6672/*
6673** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
6674** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6675**
6676** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
6677** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
6678** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6679**
6680** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6681** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
6682** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
6683** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
6684** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
6685**
6686** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6687** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6688**
6689** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
6690** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6691**
6692** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6693** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6694** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6695** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6696**
6697** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6698*/
6699int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
6700
6701/*
6702** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
6703** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6704**
6705** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
6706** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
6707** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6708**
6709** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
6710** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6711** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
6712** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6713** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6714**
6715** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
6716** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
6717** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
6718**
6719** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
6720** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
6721** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6722** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
6723** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
6724** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
6725** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
6726**
6727** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6728** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
6729** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
6730** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
6731** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
6732** or by other independent statements.
6733**
6734** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6735** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6736** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6737** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6738**
6739** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
6740*/
6741int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
6742
6743/*
6744** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
6745**
6746** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
6747** that SQLite uses to interact
6748** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
6749** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
6750** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
6751** The following interfaces are provided.
6752**
6753** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
6754** ^Names are case sensitive.
6755** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
6756** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
6757** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
6758**
6759** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
6760** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
6761** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
6762** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
6763** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
6764** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
6765** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
6766** then the behavior is undefined.
6767**
6768** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
6769** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
6770** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
6771*/
6772sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
6773int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
6774int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
6775
6776/*
6777** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
6778**
6779** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
6780** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
6781** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
6782** permitted to use any of these routines.
6783**
6784** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
6785** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
6786** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
6787** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
6788**
6789** <ul>
6790** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
6791** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
6792** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
6793** </ul>
6794**
6795** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
6796** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
6797** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
6798** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
6799** and Windows.
6800**
6801** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
6802** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
6803** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
6804** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
6805** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
6806** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
6807** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
6808**
6809** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
6810** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6811** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
6812** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
6813** integer constants:
6814**
6815** <ul>
6816** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6817** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6818** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
6819** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
6820** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
6821** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
6822** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
6823** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
6824** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
6825** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
6826** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
6827** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
6828** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
6829** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
6830** </ul>
6831**
6832** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
6833** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
6834** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6835** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
6836** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
6837** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
6838** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
6839** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
6840** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
6841** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
6842**
6843** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
6844** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
6845** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
6846** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
6847** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
6848** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
6849** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
6850** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
6851**
6852** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6853** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6854** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
6855** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
6856** the same type number.
6857**
6858** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
6859** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
6860** mutex results in undefined behavior.
6861**
6862** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
6863** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
6864** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
6865** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
6866** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
6867** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
6868** In such cases, the
6869** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
6870** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
6871** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
6872**
6873** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
6874** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
6875** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
6876** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
6877** behavior.)^
6878**
6879** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
6880** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
6881** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
6882** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
6883**
6884** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
6885** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
6886** behave as no-ops.
6887**
6888** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
6889*/
6890sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
6891void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
6892void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
6893int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
6894void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
6895
6896/*
6897** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
6898**
6899** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
6900** used to allocate and use mutexes.
6901**
6902** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
6903** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
6904** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
6905** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
6906** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
6907** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
6908** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
6909** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
6910** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
6911**
6912** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
6913** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
6914** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
6915** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
6916**
6917** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
6918** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
6919** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
6920** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
6921** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
6922** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
6923**
6924** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
6925** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
6926** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
6927**
6928** <ul>
6929**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
6930**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
6931**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
6932**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
6933**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
6934**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
6935**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
6936** </ul>)^
6937**
6938** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
6939** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
6940** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
6941** by this structure are not required to handle this case, the results
6942** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
6943** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
6944** it is passed a NULL pointer).
6945**
6946** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
6947** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
6948** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
6949** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
6950**
6951** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
6952** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
6953** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
6954** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
6955**
6956** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
6957** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
6958** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
6959** prior to returning.
6960*/
6961typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
6962struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
6963  int (*xMutexInit)(void);
6964  int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
6965  sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
6966  void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6967  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6968  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6969  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6970  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6971  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6972};
6973
6974/*
6975** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
6976**
6977** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
6978** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
6979** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
6980** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
6981** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
6982** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
6983** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
6984** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
6985**
6986** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
6987** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
6988**
6989** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
6990** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
6991** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
6992** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
6993**
6994** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
6995** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
6996** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
6997** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
6998** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
6999** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
7000** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
7001** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
7002*/
7003#ifndef NDEBUG
7004int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
7005int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
7006#endif
7007
7008/*
7009** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
7010**
7011** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
7012** which is one of these integer constants.
7013**
7014** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
7015** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
7016** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
7017*/
7018#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
7019#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
7020#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
7021#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
7022#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
7023#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
7024#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
7025#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
7026#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
7027#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
7028#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
7029#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
7030#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
7031#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
7032#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
7033#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
7034
7035/*
7036** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
7037** METHOD: sqlite3
7038**
7039** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
7040** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
7041** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
7042** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
7043** routine returns a NULL pointer.
7044*/
7045sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
7046
7047/*
7048** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
7049** METHOD: sqlite3
7050**
7051** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
7052** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
7053** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
7054** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
7055** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
7056** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
7057** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
7058** main database file.
7059** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
7060** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
7061** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
7062** method becomes the return value of this routine.
7063**
7064** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes
7065** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
7066** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]
7067** case is a short-circuit path which does not actually invoke the
7068** underlying sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
7069**
7070** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
7071** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
7072** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
7073** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
7074** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
7075** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
7076** xFileControl method.
7077**
7078** See also: [file control opcodes]
7079*/
7080int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
7081
7082/*
7083** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
7084**
7085** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
7086** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
7087** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
7088** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
7089**
7090** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
7091** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
7092** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
7093**
7094** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
7095** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
7096** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
7097** operate consistently from one release to the next.
7098*/
7099int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
7100
7101/*
7102** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
7103**
7104** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
7105** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
7106**
7107** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
7108** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
7109** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
7110** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
7111*/
7112#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
7113#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
7114#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
7115#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
7116#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
7117#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
7118#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
7119#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
7120#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
7121#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
7122#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14
7123#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
7124#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16  /* NOT USED */
7125#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17  /* NOT USED */
7126#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
7127#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
7128#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
7129#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
7130#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
7131#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
7132#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
7133#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
7134#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
7135#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE         26
7136#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    26  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
7137
7138/*
7139** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking
7140**
7141** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords
7142** recognized by SQLite.  Applications can uses these routines to determine
7143** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example,
7144** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser.
7145**
7146** The sqlite3_keyword_count() interface returns the number of distinct
7147** keywords understood by SQLite.
7148**
7149** The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) interface finds the N-th keyword and
7150** makes *Z point to that keyword expressed as UTF8 and writes the number
7151** of bytes in the keyword into *L.  The string that *Z points to is not
7152** zero-terminated.  The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) routine returns
7153** SQLITE_OK if N is within bounds and SQLITE_ERROR if not. If either Z
7154** or L are NULL or invalid pointers then calls to
7155** sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) result in undefined behavior.
7156**
7157** The sqlite3_keyword_check(Z,L) interface checks to see whether or not
7158** the L-byte UTF8 identifier that Z points to is a keyword, returning non-zero
7159** if it is and zero if not.
7160**
7161** The parser used by SQLite is forgiving.  It is often possible to use
7162** a keyword as an identifier as long as such use does not result in a
7163** parsing ambiguity.  For example, the statement
7164** "CREATE TABLE BEGIN(REPLACE,PRAGMA,END);" is accepted by SQLite, and
7165** creates a new table named "BEGIN" with three columns named
7166** "REPLACE", "PRAGMA", and "END".  Nevertheless, best practice is to avoid
7167** using keywords as identifiers.  Common techniques used to avoid keyword
7168** name collisions include:
7169** <ul>
7170** <li> Put all identifier names inside double-quotes.  This is the official
7171**      SQL way to escape identifier names.
7172** <li> Put identifier names inside &#91;...&#93;.  This is not standard SQL,
7173**      but it is what SQL Server does and so lots of programmers use this
7174**      technique.
7175** <li> Begin every identifier with the letter "Z" as no SQL keywords start
7176**      with "Z".
7177** <li> Include a digit somewhere in every identifier name.
7178** </ul>
7179**
7180** Note that the number of keywords understood by SQLite can depend on
7181** compile-time options.  For example, "VACUUM" is not a keyword if
7182** SQLite is compiled with the [-DSQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM] option.  Also,
7183** new keywords may be added to future releases of SQLite.
7184*/
7185int sqlite3_keyword_count(void);
7186int sqlite3_keyword_name(int,const char**,int*);
7187int sqlite3_keyword_check(const char*,int);
7188
7189/*
7190** CAPI3REF: Dynamic String Object
7191** KEYWORDS: {dynamic string}
7192**
7193** An instance of the sqlite3_str object contains a dynamically-sized
7194** string under construction.
7195**
7196** The lifecycle of an sqlite3_str object is as follows:
7197** <ol>
7198** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is created using [sqlite3_str_new()].
7199** <li> ^Text is appended to the sqlite3_str object using various
7200** methods, such as [sqlite3_str_appendf()].
7201** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is destroyed and the string it created
7202** is returned using the [sqlite3_str_finish()] interface.
7203** </ol>
7204*/
7205typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;
7206
7207/*
7208** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
7209** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7210**
7211** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes
7212** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
7213** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to
7214** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
7215**
7216** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
7217** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
7218** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
7219** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from
7220** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for
7221** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
7222** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
7223** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
7224** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
7225**
7226** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
7227** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
7228** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
7229** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
7230** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
7231*/
7232sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3*);
7233
7234/*
7235** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Dynamic String
7236** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7237**
7238** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface destroys the sqlite3_str object X
7239** and returns a pointer to a memory buffer obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
7240** that contains the constructed string.  The calling application should
7241** pass the returned value to [sqlite3_free()] to avoid a memory leak.
7242** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface may return a NULL pointer if any
7243** errors were encountered during construction of the string.  ^The
7244** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface will also return a NULL pointer if the
7245** string in [sqlite3_str] object X is zero bytes long.
7246*/
7247char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
7248
7249/*
7250** CAPI3REF: Add Content To A Dynamic String
7251** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7252**
7253** These interfaces add content to an sqlite3_str object previously obtained
7254** from [sqlite3_str_new()].
7255**
7256** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and
7257** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf]
7258** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of
7259** [sqlite3_str] object X.
7260**
7261** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S
7262** onto the end of the [sqlite3_str] object X.  N must be non-negative.
7263** S must contain at least N non-zero bytes of content.  To append a
7264** zero-terminated string in its entirety, use the [sqlite3_str_appendall()]
7265** method instead.
7266**
7267** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendall(X,S)] method appends the complete content of
7268** zero-terminated string S onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7269**
7270** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendchar(X,N,C)] method appends N copies of the
7271** single-byte character C onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7272** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation.
7273**
7274** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction
7275** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length.
7276**
7277** These methods do not return a result code.  ^If an error occurs, that fact
7278** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a
7279** subsequent call to [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)].
7280*/
7281void sqlite3_str_appendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, ...);
7282void sqlite3_str_vappendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, va_list);
7283void sqlite3_str_append(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N);
7284void sqlite3_str_appendall(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn);
7285void sqlite3_str_appendchar(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C);
7286void sqlite3_str_reset(sqlite3_str*);
7287
7288/*
7289** CAPI3REF: Status Of A Dynamic String
7290** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7291**
7292** These interfaces return the current status of an [sqlite3_str] object.
7293**
7294** ^If any prior errors have occurred while constructing the dynamic string
7295** in sqlite3_str X, then the [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method will return
7296** an appropriate error code.  ^The [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method returns
7297** [SQLITE_NOMEM] following any out-of-memory error, or
7298** [SQLITE_TOOBIG] if the size of the dynamic string exceeds
7299** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH], or [SQLITE_OK] if there have been no errors.
7300**
7301** ^The [sqlite3_str_length(X)] method returns the current length, in bytes,
7302** of the dynamic string under construction in [sqlite3_str] object X.
7303** ^The length returned by [sqlite3_str_length(X)] does not include the
7304** zero-termination byte.
7305**
7306** ^The [sqlite3_str_value(X)] method returns a pointer to the current
7307** content of the dynamic string under construction in X.  The value
7308** returned by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] is managed by the sqlite3_str object X
7309** and might be freed or altered by any subsequent method on the same
7310** [sqlite3_str] object.  Applications must not used the pointer returned
7311** [sqlite3_str_value(X)] after any subsequent method call on the same
7312** object.  ^Applications may change the content of the string returned
7313** by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] as long as they do not write into any bytes
7314** outside the range of 0 to [sqlite3_str_length(X)] and do not read or
7315** write any byte after any subsequent sqlite3_str method call.
7316*/
7317int sqlite3_str_errcode(sqlite3_str*);
7318int sqlite3_str_length(sqlite3_str*);
7319char *sqlite3_str_value(sqlite3_str*);
7320
7321/*
7322** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
7323**
7324** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
7325** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
7326** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
7327** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
7328** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
7329** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
7330** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
7331** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
7332** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
7333** value.  For those parameters
7334** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
7335** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
7336** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
7337**
7338** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
7339** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
7340**
7341** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
7342** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
7343** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
7344**
7345** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
7346*/
7347int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
7348int sqlite3_status64(
7349  int op,
7350  sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
7351  sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
7352  int resetFlag
7353);
7354
7355
7356/*
7357** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
7358** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
7359**
7360** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
7361** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
7362**
7363** <dl>
7364** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
7365** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
7366** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
7367** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
7368** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Auxiliary page-cache
7369** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
7370** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
7371** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
7372**
7373** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
7374** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
7375** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
7376** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
7377** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
7378** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
7379**
7380** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
7381** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
7382** currently checked out.</dd>)^
7383**
7384** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
7385** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
7386** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
7387** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
7388** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
7389**
7390** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
7391** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
7392** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
7393** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
7394** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
7395** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
7396** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
7397** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
7398** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
7399**
7400** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
7401** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
7402** handed to [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
7403** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
7404** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
7405**
7406** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
7407** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7408**
7409** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
7410** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7411**
7412** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
7413** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7414**
7415** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
7416** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
7417** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
7418** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
7419** </dl>
7420**
7421** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
7422*/
7423#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
7424#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
7425#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
7426#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3  /* NOT USED */
7427#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4  /* NOT USED */
7428#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
7429#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
7430#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
7431#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8  /* NOT USED */
7432#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
7433
7434/*
7435** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
7436** METHOD: sqlite3
7437**
7438** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
7439** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
7440** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
7441** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
7442** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
7443** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
7444** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
7445** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
7446**
7447** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
7448** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
7449** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
7450** reset back down to the current value.
7451**
7452** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
7453** non-zero [error code] on failure.
7454**
7455** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
7456*/
7457int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
7458
7459/*
7460** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
7461** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
7462**
7463** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
7464** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
7465**
7466** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
7467** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
7468** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
7469** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
7470** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
7471**
7472** <dl>
7473** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
7474** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
7475** checked out.</dd>)^
7476**
7477** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
7478** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that were
7479** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
7480** the current value is always zero.)^
7481**
7482** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
7483** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
7484** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
7485** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
7486** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
7487** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
7488** the current value is always zero.)^
7489**
7490** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
7491** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
7492** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
7493** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
7494** memory already being in use.
7495** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
7496** the current value is always zero.)^
7497**
7498** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
7499** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7500** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
7501** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
7502**
7503** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
7504** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
7505** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
7506** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
7507** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
7508** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
7509** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
7510** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
7511** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
7512** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
7513** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
7514**
7515** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
7516** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7517** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
7518** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
7519** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
7520** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
7521** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
7522** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
7523**
7524** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
7525** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7526** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
7527** the database connection.)^
7528** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
7529** </dd>
7530**
7531** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
7532** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
7533** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
7534** is always 0.
7535** </dd>
7536**
7537** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
7538** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
7539** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
7540** is always 0.
7541** </dd>
7542**
7543** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
7544** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
7545** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
7546** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
7547** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
7548** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
7549** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
7550** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
7551** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
7552** </dd>
7553**
7554** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL</dt>
7555** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
7556** been written to disk in the middle of a transaction due to the page
7557** cache overflowing. Transactions are more efficient if they are written
7558** to disk all at once. When pages spill mid-transaction, that introduces
7559** additional overhead. This parameter can be used help identify
7560** inefficiencies that can be resolve by increasing the cache size.
7561** </dd>
7562**
7563** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
7564** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
7565** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
7566** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
7567** </dd>
7568** </dl>
7569*/
7570#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
7571#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
7572#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
7573#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
7574#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
7575#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
7576#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
7577#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
7578#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
7579#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
7580#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
7581#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
7582#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         12
7583#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 12   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
7584
7585
7586/*
7587** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
7588** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
7589**
7590** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
7591** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
7592** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
7593** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
7594** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
7595** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
7596** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
7597** an index.
7598**
7599** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
7600** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
7601** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
7602** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
7603** to be interrogated.)^
7604** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
7605** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
7606** interface call returns.
7607**
7608** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
7609*/
7610int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
7611
7612/*
7613** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
7614** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
7615**
7616** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
7617** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
7618** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
7619**
7620** <dl>
7621** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
7622** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
7623** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
7624** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
7625** careful use of indices.</dd>
7626**
7627** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
7628** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
7629** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7630** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
7631**
7632** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
7633** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
7634** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
7635** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7636** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
7637** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
7638**
7639** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
7640** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
7641** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
7642** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
7643** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
7644** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
7645** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
7646**
7647** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt>
7648** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been
7649** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or change to
7650** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan.
7651**
7652** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt>
7653** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has
7654** been run.  A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one
7655** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()].
7656** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each
7657** cycle.
7658**
7659** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED</dt>
7660** <dd>^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory
7661** used to store the prepared statement.  ^This value is not actually
7662** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status()
7663** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED.
7664** </dd>
7665** </dl>
7666*/
7667#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
7668#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
7669#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
7670#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
7671#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE         5
7672#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN               6
7673#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED           99
7674
7675/*
7676** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7677**
7678** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
7679** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
7680** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
7681** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
7682** to the object.
7683**
7684** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7685*/
7686typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
7687
7688/*
7689** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7690**
7691** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
7692** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
7693** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
7694** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
7695**
7696** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7697*/
7698typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
7699struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
7700  void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
7701  void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
7702};
7703
7704/*
7705** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
7706** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
7707**
7708** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
7709** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
7710** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
7711** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
7712** SQLite is used for the page cache.
7713** By implementing a
7714** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
7715** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
7716** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
7717** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
7718** how long.
7719**
7720** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
7721** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
7722** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
7723**
7724** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
7725** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
7726** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
7727** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
7728**
7729** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
7730** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
7731** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
7732** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
7733** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
7734** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
7735** required by the custom page cache implementation.
7736** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
7737** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
7738** page cache.)^
7739**
7740** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
7741** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7742** It can be used to clean up
7743** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
7744** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
7745**
7746** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
7747** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
7748** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
7749** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
7750** in multithreaded applications.
7751**
7752** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
7753** call to xShutdown().
7754**
7755** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
7756** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
7757** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
7758** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
7759** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
7760** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
7761** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
7762** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
7763** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
7764** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
7765** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
7766** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
7767** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
7768** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
7769** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
7770** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
7771** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
7772** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
7773** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
7774** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
7775** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
7776** never contain any unpinned pages.
7777**
7778** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
7779** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
7780** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
7781** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
7782** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
7783** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
7784** value; it is advisory only.
7785**
7786** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
7787** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
7788** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
7789**
7790** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
7791** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
7792** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
7793** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
7794** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
7795** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
7796** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
7797** for each entry in the page cache.
7798**
7799** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
7800** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
7801** to be "pinned".
7802**
7803** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
7804** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
7805** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
7806** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
7807** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
7808**
7809** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
7810** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
7811** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
7812** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
7813**                 Otherwise return NULL.
7814** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
7815**                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
7816** </table>
7817**
7818** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
7819** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
7820** failed.)^  In between the to xFetch() calls, SQLite may
7821** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
7822** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
7823**
7824** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
7825** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
7826** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
7827** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
7828** ^If the discard parameter is
7829** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
7830** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
7831** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
7832**
7833** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
7834** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
7835** to xFetch().
7836**
7837** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
7838** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
7839** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
7840** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
7841** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
7842** to be pinned.
7843**
7844** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
7845** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
7846** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
7847** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
7848** they can be safely discarded.
7849**
7850** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
7851** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
7852** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
7853** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
7854** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
7855** functions.
7856**
7857** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
7858** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
7859** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
7860** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
7861** do their best.
7862*/
7863typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
7864struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
7865  int iVersion;
7866  void *pArg;
7867  int (*xInit)(void*);
7868  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
7869  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
7870  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7871  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7872  sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
7873  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
7874  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
7875      unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7876  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7877  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7878  void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7879};
7880
7881/*
7882** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
7883** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
7884** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
7885*/
7886typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
7887struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
7888  void *pArg;
7889  int (*xInit)(void*);
7890  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
7891  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
7892  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7893  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7894  void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
7895  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
7896  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7897  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7898  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7899};
7900
7901
7902/*
7903** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
7904**
7905** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
7906** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
7907** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
7908** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
7909**
7910** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7911*/
7912typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
7913
7914/*
7915** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
7916**
7917** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
7918** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
7919** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
7920**
7921** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7922**
7923** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
7924** for the duration of the backup operation.
7925** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
7926** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
7927** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
7928** preventing other database connections from
7929** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
7930**
7931** ^(To perform a backup operation:
7932**   <ol>
7933**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
7934**         backup,
7935**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
7936**         the data between the two databases, and finally
7937**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
7938**         associated with the backup operation.
7939**   </ol>)^
7940** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
7941** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
7942**
7943** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
7944**
7945** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
7946** [database connection] associated with the destination database
7947** and the database name, respectively.
7948** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
7949** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
7950** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
7951** ^The S and M arguments passed to
7952** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
7953** and database name of the source database, respectively.
7954** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
7955** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
7956** an error.
7957**
7958** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
7959** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
7960** destination database.
7961**
7962** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
7963** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
7964** destination [database connection] D.
7965** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
7966** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
7967** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
7968** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
7969** [sqlite3_backup] object.
7970** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
7971** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
7972** operation.
7973**
7974** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
7975**
7976** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
7977** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
7978** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
7979** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
7980** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
7981** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
7982** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
7983** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
7984** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
7985** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
7986** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
7987** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
7988**
7989** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
7990** <ol>
7991** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
7992** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
7993** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
7994** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
7995** destination and source page sizes differ.
7996** </ol>)^
7997**
7998** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
7999** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
8000** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
8001** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
8002** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
8003** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
8004** [database connection]
8005** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
8006** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
8007** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
8008** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
8009** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
8010** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
8011** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
8012** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
8013** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
8014**
8015** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
8016** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
8017** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
8018** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
8019** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
8020** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
8021** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
8022** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
8023** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
8024** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
8025** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
8026** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
8027** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
8028** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
8029** updated at the same time.
8030**
8031** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
8032**
8033** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
8034** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
8035** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8036** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
8037** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
8038** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
8039** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
8040** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
8041** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8042**
8043** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
8044** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
8045** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
8046** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
8047** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
8048** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
8049**
8050** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
8051** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
8052** sqlite3_backup_finish().
8053**
8054** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
8055** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
8056**
8057** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
8058** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
8059** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
8060** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
8061** sqlite3_backup_step().
8062** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
8063** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
8064** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
8065** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8066** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
8067** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
8068**
8069** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
8070**
8071** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
8072** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
8073** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
8074** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
8075** from within other threads.
8076**
8077** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
8078** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
8079** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
8080** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
8081** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
8082** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
8083** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
8084** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
8085**
8086** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
8087** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
8088** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
8089** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
8090** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
8091** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
8092**
8093** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
8094** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
8095** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8096** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
8097** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
8098** possible that they return invalid values.
8099*/
8100sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
8101  sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
8102  const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
8103  sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
8104  const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
8105);
8106int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
8107int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
8108int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
8109int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
8110
8111/*
8112** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
8113** METHOD: sqlite3
8114**
8115** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
8116** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
8117** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
8118** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
8119** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
8120** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
8121** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
8122** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
8123**
8124** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
8125**
8126** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
8127** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
8128**
8129** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
8130** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
8131** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
8132** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
8133** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
8134** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
8135** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
8136** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
8137** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
8138** call that concludes the blocking connections transaction.
8139**
8140** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
8141** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
8142** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
8143** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
8144** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
8145**
8146** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
8147** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
8148** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
8149** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
8150**
8151** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
8152** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
8153** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
8154** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
8155** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
8156** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
8157** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
8158** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
8159**
8160** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
8161** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
8162** crash or deadlock may be the result.
8163**
8164** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
8165** returns SQLITE_OK.
8166**
8167** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
8168**
8169** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
8170** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
8171** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
8172** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
8173** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
8174** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
8175**
8176** When a blocking connections transaction is concluded, there may be
8177** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
8178** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
8179** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
8180** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
8181** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
8182** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
8183** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
8184**
8185** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
8186**
8187** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
8188** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
8189** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
8190** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
8191** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
8192** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
8193** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
8194**
8195** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
8196** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
8197** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
8198** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
8199** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
8200** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
8201** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
8202** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
8203** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
8204** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
8205** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
8206** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
8207**
8208** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
8209**
8210** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
8211** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
8212** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
8213** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
8214** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
8215** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
8216** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
8217** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
8218** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
8219**
8220** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
8221** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
8222** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
8223** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
8224** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
8225*/
8226int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
8227  sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
8228  void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
8229  void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
8230);
8231
8232
8233/*
8234** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
8235**
8236** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
8237** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
8238** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
8239** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
8240*/
8241int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
8242int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
8243
8244/*
8245** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
8246*
8247** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
8248** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
8249** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
8250** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
8251** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
8252** is case sensitive.
8253**
8254** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8255** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8256**
8257** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
8258*/
8259int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
8260
8261/*
8262** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
8263*
8264** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
8265** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
8266** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
8267** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
8268** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
8269** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
8270** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
8271** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
8272** one another.
8273**
8274** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
8275** only ASCII characters are case folded.
8276**
8277** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8278** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8279**
8280** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
8281*/
8282int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
8283
8284/*
8285** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
8286**
8287** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
8288** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
8289** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
8290** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
8291**
8292** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
8293** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
8294** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
8295** is considered bad form.
8296**
8297** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
8298**
8299** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
8300** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
8301** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
8302** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
8303** buffer.
8304*/
8305void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
8306
8307/*
8308** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
8309** METHOD: sqlite3
8310**
8311** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
8312** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
8313**
8314** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
8315** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
8316** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
8317**
8318** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
8319** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
8320** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
8321** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
8322** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
8323** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
8324** including those that were just committed.
8325**
8326** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
8327** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
8328** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
8329** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
8330** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
8331** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
8332** are undefined.
8333**
8334** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
8335** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
8336** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
8337** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
8338** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
8339** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
8340*/
8341void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
8342  sqlite3*,
8343  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
8344  void*
8345);
8346
8347/*
8348** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
8349** METHOD: sqlite3
8350**
8351** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
8352** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
8353** to automatically [checkpoint]
8354** after committing a transaction if there are N or
8355** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
8356** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
8357** checkpoints entirely.
8358**
8359** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
8360** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
8361** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
8362** configured by this function.
8363**
8364** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
8365** from SQL.
8366**
8367** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
8368** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
8369**
8370** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
8371** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
8372** pages.  The use of this interface
8373** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
8374** for a particular application.
8375*/
8376int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
8377
8378/*
8379** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
8380** METHOD: sqlite3
8381**
8382** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
8383** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
8384**
8385** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
8386** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
8387** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
8388** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
8389** information.
8390**
8391** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
8392** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
8393** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
8394** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
8395** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
8396** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
8397*/
8398int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
8399
8400/*
8401** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
8402** METHOD: sqlite3
8403**
8404** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
8405** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
8406** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
8407** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
8408**
8409** <dl>
8410** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
8411**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
8412**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
8413**   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
8414**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
8415**   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
8416**   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
8417**
8418** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
8419**   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
8420**   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
8421**   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
8422**   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
8423**   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
8424**   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
8425**
8426** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
8427**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
8428**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
8429**   [busy-handler callback])
8430**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
8431**   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
8432**   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
8433**   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
8434**
8435** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
8436**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
8437**   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
8438**   to a successful return.
8439** </dl>
8440**
8441** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
8442** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
8443** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
8444** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
8445** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
8446** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
8447** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
8448** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
8449** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
8450**
8451** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
8452** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
8453** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
8454** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
8455**
8456** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
8457** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
8458** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
8459** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
8460** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
8461** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
8462** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
8463** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
8464** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
8465** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
8466**
8467** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
8468** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
8469** [database connection] db.  In this case the
8470** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
8471** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
8472** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
8473** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
8474** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
8475** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
8476** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
8477** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
8478**
8479** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
8480** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
8481** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
8482** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
8483**
8484** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
8485** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
8486** sets the error information that is queried by
8487** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
8488**
8489** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
8490** from SQL.
8491*/
8492int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
8493  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
8494  const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
8495  int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
8496  int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
8497  int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
8498);
8499
8500/*
8501** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
8502** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
8503**
8504** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
8505** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
8506** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
8507** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
8508*/
8509#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
8510#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
8511#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
8512#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
8513
8514/*
8515** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
8516**
8517** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
8518** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
8519** various facets of the virtual table interface.
8520**
8521** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
8522** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
8523**
8524** At present, there is only one option that may be configured using
8525** this function. (See [SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT].)  Further options
8526** may be added in the future.
8527*/
8528int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
8529
8530/*
8531** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
8532**
8533** These macros define the various options to the
8534** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
8535** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
8536**
8537** <dl>
8538** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
8539** <dd>Calls of the form
8540** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
8541** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
8542** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
8543** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
8544** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
8545** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
8546** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
8547** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
8548**
8549** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
8550** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
8551** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
8552** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
8553** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
8554** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
8555** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
8556** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
8557** had been ABORT.
8558**
8559** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
8560** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
8561** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
8562** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
8563** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
8564** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
8565** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
8566** constraint handling.
8567** </dl>
8568*/
8569#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
8570
8571/*
8572** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
8573**
8574** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
8575** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
8576** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
8577** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
8578** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
8579** [virtual table].
8580*/
8581int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
8582
8583/*
8584** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
8585**
8586** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
8587** method of a [virtual table], then it returns true if and only if the
8588** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
8589** column value will not change.  Applications might use this to substitute
8590** a return value that is less expensive to compute and that the corresponding
8591** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
8592**
8593** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
8594** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
8595** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
8596** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
8597** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
8598** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
8599*/
8600int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);
8601
8602/*
8603** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint
8604**
8605** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex]
8606** method of a [virtual table].
8607**
8608** The first argument must be the sqlite3_index_info object that is the
8609** first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument must be
8610** an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the sqlite3_index_info
8611** structure passed to xBestIndex. This function returns a pointer to a buffer
8612** containing the name of the collation sequence for the corresponding
8613** constraint.
8614*/
8615SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int);
8616
8617/*
8618** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
8619** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
8620**
8621** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
8622** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
8623** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
8624**
8625** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
8626** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
8627** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
8628*/
8629#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
8630/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
8631#define SQLITE_FAIL     3
8632/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
8633#define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
8634
8635/*
8636** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
8637** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
8638**
8639** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
8640** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
8641** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
8642**
8643** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
8644** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
8645** S is finalized.
8646**
8647** <dl>
8648** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
8649** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be
8650** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
8651**
8652** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
8653** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8654** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
8655**
8656** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
8657** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8658** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
8659** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
8660** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
8661** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
8662** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
8663**
8664** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
8665** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8666** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
8667** used for the X-th loop.
8668**
8669** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
8670** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8671** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
8672** description for the X-th loop.
8673**
8674** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
8675** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8676** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
8677** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
8678** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
8679** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
8680** </dl>
8681*/
8682#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
8683#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
8684#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
8685#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
8686#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
8687#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
8688
8689/*
8690** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
8691** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8692**
8693** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
8694** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
8695** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
8696** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
8697**
8698** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
8699** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
8700** compile-time option.
8701**
8702** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
8703** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
8704** of this interface is undefined.
8705** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
8706** the "pOut" parameter.
8707** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
8708** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
8709** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
8710** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
8711** points to is unchanged.
8712**
8713** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
8714** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
8715** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
8716** that pOut points to unchanged.
8717**
8718** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
8719*/
8720int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
8721  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
8722  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
8723  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
8724  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
8725);
8726
8727/*
8728** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
8729** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8730**
8731** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
8732**
8733** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
8734** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
8735*/
8736void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
8737
8738/*
8739** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
8740**
8741** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
8742** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
8743** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
8744** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
8745** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
8746** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
8747** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
8748** any [attached] databases.
8749**
8750** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
8751** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
8752** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
8753** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
8754** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
8755** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
8756** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
8757** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
8758**
8759** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
8760** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
8761** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
8762**
8763** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
8764**
8765** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
8766** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
8767*/
8768int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
8769
8770/*
8771** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
8772**
8773** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
8774** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
8775**
8776** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
8777** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
8778** on a database table.
8779** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
8780** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
8781** the previous setting.
8782** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
8783** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
8784** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
8785** the first parameter to callbacks.
8786**
8787** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
8788** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
8789** system tables like sqlite_master or sqlite_stat1.
8790**
8791** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
8792** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
8793** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
8794** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
8795** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
8796** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
8797** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
8798** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
8799** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
8800** databases.)^
8801** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
8802** table that is being modified.
8803**
8804** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
8805** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
8806** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
8807** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
8808** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
8809** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
8810** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
8811** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
8812** INSERT operations on rowid tables.
8813**
8814** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
8815** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
8816** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
8817** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
8818** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
8819** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
8820** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
8821** behavior.
8822**
8823** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
8824** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
8825**
8826** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
8827** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
8828** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
8829** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
8830** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
8831** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
8832** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
8833** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
8834**
8835** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
8836** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
8837** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
8838** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
8839** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
8840** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
8841** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
8842** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
8843**
8844** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
8845** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
8846** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
8847** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
8848** triggers; and so forth.
8849**
8850** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
8851*/
8852#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
8853void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
8854  sqlite3 *db,
8855  void(*xPreUpdate)(
8856    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
8857    sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
8858    int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
8859    char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
8860    char const *zName,            /* Table name */
8861    sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
8862    sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
8863  ),
8864  void*
8865);
8866int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
8867int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
8868int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
8869int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
8870#endif
8871
8872/*
8873** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
8874**
8875** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
8876** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
8877** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
8878** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
8879** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
8880** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
8881*/
8882int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
8883
8884/*
8885** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
8886** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
8887** EXPERIMENTAL
8888**
8889** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
8890** database for some specific point in history.
8891**
8892** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
8893** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
8894** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
8895** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
8896** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
8897** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
8898** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
8899**
8900** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
8901** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
8902** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
8903** the most recent version.
8904**
8905** The constructor for this object is [sqlite3_snapshot_get()].  The
8906** [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] method causes a fresh read transaction to refer
8907** to an historical snapshot (if possible).  The destructor for
8908** sqlite3_snapshot objects is [sqlite3_snapshot_free()].
8909*/
8910typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
8911  unsigned char hidden[48];
8912} sqlite3_snapshot;
8913
8914/*
8915** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
8916** EXPERIMENTAL
8917**
8918** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
8919** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
8920** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
8921** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
8922** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
8923** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
8924** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
8925**
8926** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
8927** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
8928** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
8929** in this case.
8930**
8931** <ul>
8932**   <li> The database handle must be in [autocommit mode].
8933**
8934**   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
8935**
8936**   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
8937**        connection D.
8938**
8939**   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
8940**        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
8941**        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
8942**        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
8943**        must be written to it first.
8944** </ul>
8945**
8946** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
8947** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
8948** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
8949**
8950** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
8951** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
8952** to avoid a memory leak.
8953**
8954** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
8955** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8956*/
8957SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
8958  sqlite3 *db,
8959  const char *zSchema,
8960  sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
8961);
8962
8963/*
8964** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
8965** EXPERIMENTAL
8966**
8967** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface starts a
8968** read transaction for schema S of
8969** [database connection] D such that the read transaction
8970** refers to historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most
8971** recent change to the database.
8972** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK on success
8973** or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
8974**
8975** ^In order to succeed, a call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] must be
8976** the first operation following the [BEGIN] that takes the schema S
8977** out of [autocommit mode].
8978** ^In other words, schema S must not currently be in
8979** a transaction for [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] to work, but the
8980** database connection D must be out of [autocommit mode].
8981** ^A [snapshot] will fail to open if it has been overwritten by a
8982** [checkpoint].
8983** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
8984** database connection D does not know that the database file for
8985** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
8986** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
8987** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
8988** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
8989** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
8990** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
8991**
8992** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
8993** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8994*/
8995SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
8996  sqlite3 *db,
8997  const char *zSchema,
8998  sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
8999);
9000
9001/*
9002** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
9003** EXPERIMENTAL
9004**
9005** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
9006** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
9007** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
9008**
9009** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
9010** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
9011*/
9012SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
9013
9014/*
9015** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
9016** EXPERIMENTAL
9017**
9018** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
9019** of two valid snapshot handles.
9020**
9021** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
9022** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
9023**
9024** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
9025** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
9026** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
9027** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
9028** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
9029** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
9030** is undefined.
9031**
9032** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
9033** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
9034** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
9035*/
9036SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
9037  sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
9038  sqlite3_snapshot *p2
9039);
9040
9041/*
9042** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
9043** EXPERIMENTAL
9044**
9045** If all connections disconnect from a database file but do not perform
9046** a checkpoint, the existing wal file is opened along with the database
9047** file the next time the database is opened. At this point it is only
9048** possible to successfully call sqlite3_snapshot_open() to open the most
9049** recent snapshot of the database (the one at the head of the wal file),
9050** even though the wal file may contain other valid snapshots for which
9051** clients have sqlite3_snapshot handles.
9052**
9053** This function attempts to scan the wal file associated with database zDb
9054** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
9055** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
9056** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a wal mode
9057** database.
9058**
9059** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
9060*/
9061SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9062
9063/*
9064** CAPI3REF: Serialize a database
9065**
9066** The sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) interface returns a pointer to memory
9067** that is a serialization of the S database on [database connection] D.
9068** If P is not a NULL pointer, then the size of the database in bytes
9069** is written into *P.
9070**
9071** For an ordinary on-disk database file, the serialization is just a
9072** copy of the disk file.  For an in-memory database or a "TEMP" database,
9073** the serialization is the same sequence of bytes which would be written
9074** to disk if that database where backed up to disk.
9075**
9076** The usual case is that sqlite3_serialize() copies the serialization of
9077** the database into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] and returns
9078** a pointer to that memory.  The caller is responsible for freeing the
9079** returned value to avoid a memory leak.  However, if the F argument
9080** contains the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit, then no memory allocations
9081** are made, and the sqlite3_serialize() function will return a pointer
9082** to the contiguous memory representation of the database that SQLite
9083** is currently using for that database, or NULL if the no such contiguous
9084** memory representation of the database exists.  A contiguous memory
9085** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has
9086** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same
9087** values of D and S.
9088** The size of the database is written into *P even if the
9089** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy
9090** of the database exists.
9091**
9092** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the
9093** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory
9094** allocation error occurs.
9095**
9096** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9097** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9098*/
9099unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
9100  sqlite3 *db,           /* The database connection */
9101  const char *zSchema,   /* Which DB to serialize. ex: "main", "temp", ... */
9102  sqlite3_int64 *piSize, /* Write size of the DB here, if not NULL */
9103  unsigned int mFlags    /* Zero or more SQLITE_SERIALIZE_* flags */
9104);
9105
9106/*
9107** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_serialize
9108**
9109** Zero or more of the following constants can be OR-ed together for
9110** the F argument to [sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F)].
9111**
9112** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY means that [sqlite3_serialize()] will return
9113** a pointer to contiguous in-memory database that it is currently using,
9114** without making a copy of the database.  If SQLite is not currently using
9115** a contiguous in-memory database, then this option causes
9116** [sqlite3_serialize()] to return a NULL pointer.  SQLite will only be
9117** using a contiguous in-memory database if it has been initialized by a
9118** prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize()].
9119*/
9120#define SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 0x001   /* Do no memory allocations */
9121
9122/*
9123** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database
9124**
9125** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the
9126** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then
9127** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization contained
9128** in P.  The serialized database P is N bytes in size.  M is the size of
9129** the buffer P, which might be larger than N.  If M is larger than N, and
9130** the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY bit is not set in F, then SQLite is
9131** permitted to add content to the in-memory database as long as the total
9132** size does not exceed M bytes.
9133**
9134** If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in F, then SQLite will
9135** invoke sqlite3_free() on the serialization buffer when the database
9136** connection closes.  If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE bit is set, then
9137** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64()
9138** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes.
9139**
9140** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the
9141** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup
9142** operation.
9143**
9144** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the
9145** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then
9146** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning.
9147**
9148** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9149** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9150*/
9151int sqlite3_deserialize(
9152  sqlite3 *db,            /* The database connection */
9153  const char *zSchema,    /* Which DB to reopen with the deserialization */
9154  unsigned char *pData,   /* The serialized database content */
9155  sqlite3_int64 szDb,     /* Number bytes in the deserialization */
9156  sqlite3_int64 szBuf,    /* Total size of buffer pData[] */
9157  unsigned mFlags         /* Zero or more SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_* flags */
9158);
9159
9160/*
9161** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_deserialize()
9162**
9163** The following are allowed values for 6th argument (the F argument) to
9164** the [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F)] interface.
9165**
9166** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE means that the database serialization
9167** in the P argument is held in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
9168** and that SQLite should take ownership of this memory and automatically
9169** free it when it has finished using it.  Without this flag, the caller
9170** is resposible for freeing any dynamically allocated memory.
9171**
9172** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE flag means that SQLite is allowed to
9173** grow the size of the database using calls to [sqlite3_realloc64()].  This
9174** flag should only be used if SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE is also used.
9175** Without this flag, the deserialized database cannot increase in size beyond
9176** the number of bytes specified by the M parameter.
9177**
9178** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database
9179** should be treated as read-only.
9180*/
9181#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */
9182#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE  2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */
9183#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY    4 /* Database is read-only */
9184
9185/*
9186** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
9187** builds on processors without floating point support.
9188*/
9189#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
9190# undef double
9191#endif
9192
9193#ifdef __cplusplus
9194}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
9195#endif
9196#endif /* SQLITE3_H */
9197