xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqlite.h.in (revision b88eaf16)
1/*
2** 2001-09-15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32*/
33#ifndef SQLITE3_H
34#define SQLITE3_H
35#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36
37/*
38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39*/
40#ifdef __cplusplus
41extern "C" {
42#endif
43
44
45/*
46** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47*/
48#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50#endif
51#ifndef SQLITE_API
52# define SQLITE_API
53#endif
54#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55# define SQLITE_CDECL
56#endif
57#ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58# define SQLITE_APICALL
59#endif
60#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61# define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62#endif
63#ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64# define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65#endif
66#ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67# define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68#endif
69
70/*
71** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
72** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
73** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
74** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
75** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
76**
77** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
78** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
79** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
80** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
81** noop macros.
82*/
83#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
84#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
85
86/*
87** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
88*/
89#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
90# undef SQLITE_VERSION
91#endif
92#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
93# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94#endif
95
96/*
97** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
98**
99** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
100** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
101** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
102** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
103** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
104** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
105** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
106** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
107** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
108** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
109** and Z will be reset to zero.
110**
111** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
112** SQLite source code has been stored in the
113** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
118** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.  If the source code has
119** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
120** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
121**
122** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
123** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
124** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
125*/
126#define SQLITE_VERSION        "--VERS--"
127#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER--
128#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "--SOURCE-ID--"
129
130/*
131** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
132** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
133**
134** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
135** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
136** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
137** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
138** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
139** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
140** compiled with matching library and header files.
141**
142** <blockquote><pre>
143** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
144** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 );
145** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
146** </pre></blockquote>)^
147**
148** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
149** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
150** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
151** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
152** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
153** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
154** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
155** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
156** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.  Except if SQLite is built
157** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters
158** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^
159**
160** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
161*/
162SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
163const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
164const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
165int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
166
167/*
168** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
169**
170** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
171** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
172** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
173** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
174**
175** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
176** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
177** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
178** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
179** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
180** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
181**
182** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
183** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
184** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
185**
186** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
187** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
188*/
189#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
190int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
191const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
192#else
193# define sqlite3_compileoption_used(X) 0
194# define sqlite3_compileoption_get(X)  ((void*)0)
195#endif
196
197/*
198** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
199**
200** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
201** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
202** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
203**
204** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
205** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
206** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
207** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
208** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
209** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
210**
211** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
212** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
213** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
214** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
215**
216** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
217** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
218** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
219**
220** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
221** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
222** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
223** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
224** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
225** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
226** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
227** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
228** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
229** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
230**
231** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
232*/
233int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
234
235/*
236** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
237** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
238**
239** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
240** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
241** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
242** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
243** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
244** interfaces (such as
245** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
246** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
247** sqlite3 object.
248*/
249typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
250
251/*
252** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
253** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
254**
255** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
256** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
257**
258** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
259** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
260** compatibility only.
261**
262** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
263** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
264** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
265** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
266*/
267#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
268  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
269# ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
270    typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
271# else
272    typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
273# endif
274#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
275  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
276  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
277#else
278  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
279  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
280#endif
281typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
282typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
283
284/*
285** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
286** substitute integer for floating-point.
287*/
288#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
289# define double sqlite3_int64
290#endif
291
292/*
293** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
294** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
295**
296** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
297** for the [sqlite3] object.
298** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
299** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
300** resources are deallocated.
301**
302** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
303** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then sqlite3_close()
304** will leave the database connection open and return [SQLITE_BUSY].
305** ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared statements
306** and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups, then the database connection becomes
307** an unusable "zombie" which will automatically be deallocated when the
308** last prepared statement is finalized or the last sqlite3_backup is
309** finished.  The sqlite3_close_v2() interface is intended for use with
310** host languages that are garbage collected, and where the order in which
311** destructors are called is arbitrary.
312**
313** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements],
314** [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
315** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
316** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.  ^If
317** sqlite3_close_v2() is called on a [database connection] that still has
318** outstanding [prepared statements], [BLOB handles], and/or
319** [sqlite3_backup] objects then it returns [SQLITE_OK] and the deallocation
320** of resources is deferred until all [prepared statements], [BLOB handles],
321** and [sqlite3_backup] objects are also destroyed.
322**
323** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
324** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
325**
326** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
327** must be either a NULL
328** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
329** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
330** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
331** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
332** argument is a harmless no-op.
333*/
334int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
335int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
336
337/*
338** The type for a callback function.
339** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
340** compatibility and is not documented.
341*/
342typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
343
344/*
345** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
346** METHOD: sqlite3
347**
348** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
349** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
350** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
351** without having to use a lot of C code.
352**
353** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
354** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
355** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
356** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
357** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
358** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
359** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
360** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
361** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
362** ignored.
363**
364** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
365** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
366** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
367** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
368** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
369** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
370** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
371** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
372** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
373** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
374** NULL before returning.
375**
376** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
377** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
378** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
379**
380** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
381** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
382** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
383** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
384** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
385** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
386** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
387** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
388** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
389**
390** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
391** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
392** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
393** is not changed.
394**
395** Restrictions:
396**
397** <ul>
398** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
399**      is a valid and open [database connection].
400** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
401**      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
402** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
403**      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
404** </ul>
405*/
406int sqlite3_exec(
407  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
408  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
409  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
410  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
411  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
412);
413
414/*
415** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
416** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
417**
418** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
419** here in order to indicate success or failure.
420**
421** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
422**
423** See also: [extended result code definitions]
424*/
425#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
426/* beginning-of-error-codes */
427#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* Generic error */
428#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
429#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
430#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
431#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
432#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
433#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
434#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
435#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
436#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
437#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
438#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
439#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
440#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
441#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
442#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Internal use only */
443#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
444#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
445#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
446#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
447#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
448#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
449#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
450#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Not used */
451#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
452#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
453#define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
454#define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
455#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
456#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
457/* end-of-error-codes */
458
459/*
460** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
461** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
462**
463** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
464** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
465** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
466** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
467** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
468** and later) include
469** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
470** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
471** on a per database connection basis using the
472** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
473** the most recent error can be obtained using
474** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
475*/
476#define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8))
477#define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY             (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8))
478#define SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT          (SQLITE_ERROR | (3<<8))
479#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
480#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
481#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
482#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
483#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
484#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
485#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
486#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
487#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
488#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
489#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
490#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
491#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
492#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
493#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
494#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
495#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
496#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
497#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
498#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
499#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
500#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
501#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
502#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
503#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
504#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
505#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
506#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
507#define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
508#define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
509#define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
510#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
511#define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
512#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
513#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
514#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
515#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
516#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
517#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
518#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (5<<8)) /* Not Used */
519#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
520#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
521#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
522#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
523#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
524#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
525#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
526#define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
527#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
528#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
529#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
530#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
531#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
532#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
533#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
534#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
535#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
536#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
537#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
538#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
539#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
540#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
541#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
542#define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
543
544/*
545** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
546**
547** These bit values are intended for use in the
548** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
549** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
550*/
551#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
552#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
553#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
554#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
555#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
556#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
557#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
558#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
559#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
560#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
561#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
562#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
563#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
564#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
565#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
566#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
567#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
568#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
569#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
570#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
571
572/* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
573
574/*
575** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
576**
577** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
578** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
579** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
580** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
581** refers to.
582**
583** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
584** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
585** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
586** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
587** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
588** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
589** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
590** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
591** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
592** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
593** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
594** file that were written at the application level might have changed
595** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
596** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
597** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
598** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
599** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
600** elevated privileges.
601**
602** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying
603** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those
604** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and
605** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].
606*/
607#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
608#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
609#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
610#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
611#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
612#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
613#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
614#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
615#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
616#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
617#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
618#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
619#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
620#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
621#define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC           0x00004000
622
623/*
624** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
625**
626** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
627** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
628** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
629*/
630#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
631#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
632#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
633#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
634#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
635
636/*
637** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
638**
639** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
640** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
641** these integer values as the second argument.
642**
643** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
644** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
645** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
646** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
647** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
648** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
649**
650** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
651** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
652** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
653** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
654** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
655** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
656** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
657** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
658** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
659** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
660** cares about the difference.)
661*/
662#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
663#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
664#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
665
666/*
667** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
668**
669** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
670** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
671** implementations will
672** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
673** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
674** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
675** I/O operations on the open file.
676*/
677typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
678struct sqlite3_file {
679  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
680};
681
682/*
683** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
684**
685** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
686** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
687** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
688** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
689** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
690**
691** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
692** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
693** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
694** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
695** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
696** to NULL.
697**
698** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
699** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
700** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
701** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
702** and not its inode needs to be synced.
703**
704** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
705** <ul>
706** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
707** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
708** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
709** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
710** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
711** </ul>
712** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
713** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
714** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
715** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
716** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
717**
718** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
719** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
720** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
721** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
722** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
723** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
724** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
725** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
726** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
727** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
728** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
729** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
730** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
731** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
732** recognize.
733**
734** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
735** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
736** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
737** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
738** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
739** underlying device:
740**
741** <ul>
742** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
743** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
744** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
745** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
746** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
747** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
748** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
749** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
750** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
751** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
752** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
753** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
754** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
755** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
756** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC]
757** </ul>
758**
759** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
760** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
761** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
762** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
763** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
764** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
765** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
766** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
767** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
768** to xWrite().
769**
770** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
771** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
772** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
773** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
774** database corruption.
775*/
776typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
777struct sqlite3_io_methods {
778  int iVersion;
779  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
780  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
781  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
782  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
783  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
784  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
785  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
786  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
787  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
788  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
789  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
790  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
791  /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
792  int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
793  int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
794  void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
795  int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
796  /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
797  int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
798  int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
799  /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
800  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
801};
802
803/*
804** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
805** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
806**
807** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
808** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
809** interface.
810**
811** <ul>
812** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
813** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
814** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
815** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
816** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
817** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
818** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
819** compile-time option is used.
820**
821** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
822** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
823** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
824** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
825** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
826** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
827** file run faster.
828**
829** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT]]
830** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] opcode is used by in-memory VFS that
831** implements [sqlite3_deserialize()] to set an upper bound on the size
832** of the in-memory database.  The argument is a pointer to a [sqlite3_int64].
833** If the integer pointed to is negative, then it is filled in with the
834** current limit.  Otherwise the limit is set to the larger of the value
835** of the integer pointed to and the current database size.  The integer
836** pointed to is set to the new limit.
837**
838** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
839** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
840** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
841** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
842** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
843** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
844** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
845** improve performance on some systems.
846**
847** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
848** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
849** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
850** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
851**
852** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
853** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
854** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
855** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
856** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
857**
858** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
859** No longer in use.
860**
861** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
862** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
863** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
864** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
865** because the user has configured SQLite with
866** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
867** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
868** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
869** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
870** string containing the transactions master-journal file name. VFSes that
871** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
872** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
873** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
874**
875** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
876** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
877** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
878** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
879** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
880** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
881** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
882**
883** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
884** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
885** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
886** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
887** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
888** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
889** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
890** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
891** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
892** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
893** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
894** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second
895** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
896** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
897** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
898** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
899**
900** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
901** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
902** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
903** write ahead log ([WAL file]) and shared memory
904** files used for transaction control
905** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
906** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
907** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
908** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
909** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
910** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
911** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
912** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
913** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
914** WAL persistence setting.
915**
916** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
917** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
918** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
919** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
920** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
921** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
922** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
923** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
924** zero-damage mode setting.
925**
926** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
927** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
928** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
929** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
930** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
931**
932** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
933** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
934** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
935** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
936** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
937** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
938** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
939** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
940** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
941** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
942** is intended for diagnostic use only.
943**
944** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
945** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
946** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
947** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
948** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
949** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
950** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
951** upper-most shim only.
952**
953** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
954** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
955** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
956** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
957** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
958** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
959** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
960** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
961** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
962** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
963** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
964** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
965** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
966** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
967** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
968** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
969** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
970** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
971** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
972** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
973** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
974** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
975** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
976** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
977**
978** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
979** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
980** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
981** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
982** to the connections busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void **)
983** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
984** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connections
985** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
986** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
987** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
988** current operation.
989**
990** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
991** ^Application can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
992** to have SQLite generate a
993** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
994** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
995** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
996** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
997** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
998**
999** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
1000** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
1001** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
1002** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
1003** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
1004** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
1005** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
1006** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
1007** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
1008**
1009** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
1010** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
1011** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
1012** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
1013** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
1014** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
1015** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
1016**
1017** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
1018** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
1019** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
1020** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
1021** was first opened.
1022**
1023** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
1024** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
1025** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
1026** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
1027** writes the resulting value there.
1028**
1029** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
1030** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
1031** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
1032** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
1033** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
1034**
1035** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1036** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1037** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1038** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1039** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1040** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1041**
1042** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1043** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1044** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1045**
1046** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1047** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1048** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1049** this opcode.
1050**
1051** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1052** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then
1053** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which
1054** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done
1055** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].  Systems
1056** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
1057** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to
1058** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or
1059** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make
1060** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor
1061** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method
1062** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT].
1063**
1064** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1065** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1066** operations since the previous successful call to
1067** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically.
1068** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were
1069** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage.
1070** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes
1071** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent
1072** write operations are independent.
1073** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1074** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1075**
1076** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1077** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1078** operations since the previous successful call to
1079** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back.
1080** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode
1081** so that all subsequent write operations are independent.
1082** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1083** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1084**
1085** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT]]
1086** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT] opcode causes attempts to obtain
1087** a file lock using the xLock or xShmLock methods of the VFS to wait
1088** for up to M milliseconds before failing, where M is the single
1089** unsigned integer parameter.
1090**
1091** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION]]
1092** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] opcode is used to detect changes to
1093** a database file.  The argument is a pointer to a 32-bit unsigned integer.
1094** The "data version" for the pager is written into the pointer.  The
1095** "data version" changes whenever any change occurs to the corresponding
1096** database file, either through SQL statements on the same database
1097** connection or through transactions committed by separate database
1098** connections possibly in other processes. The [sqlite3_total_changes()]
1099** interface can be used to find if any database on the connection has changed,
1100** but that interface responds to changes on TEMP as well as MAIN and does
1101** not provide a mechanism to detect changes to MAIN only.  Also, the
1102** [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface responds to internal changes only and
1103** omits changes made by other database connections.  The
1104** [PRAGMA data_version] command provide a mechanism to detect changes to
1105** a single attached database that occur due to other database connections,
1106** but omits changes implemented by the database connection on which it is
1107** called.  This file control is the only mechanism to detect changes that
1108** happen either internally or externally and that are associated with
1109** a particular attached database.
1110** </ul>
1111*/
1112#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1113#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1114#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1115#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1116#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1117#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1118#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1119#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1120#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1121#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1122#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1123#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1124#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1125#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1126#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1127#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1128#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1129#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1130#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1131#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1132#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1133#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1134#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1135#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1136#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1137#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1138#define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1139#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1140#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1141#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE     31
1142#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE    32
1143#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE  33
1144#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT           34
1145#define SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION           35
1146#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT             36
1147
1148/* deprecated names */
1149#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1150#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1151#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1152
1153
1154/*
1155** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1156**
1157** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1158** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1159** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1160** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1161**
1162** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1163*/
1164typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1165
1166/*
1167** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1168**
1169** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1170** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1171** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1172** on some platforms.
1173*/
1174typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1175
1176/*
1177** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1178**
1179** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1180** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1181** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1182** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1183**
1184** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto
1185** the end.  Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field
1186** is incremented.  The iVersion value started out as 1 in
1187** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2
1188** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased
1189** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6].  Additional fields
1190** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value
1191** may increase again in future versions of SQLite.
1192** Note that the structure
1193** of the sqlite3_vfs object changes in the transition from
1194** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0]
1195** and yet the iVersion field was not modified.
1196**
1197** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1198** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1199** a pathname in this VFS.
1200**
1201** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1202** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1203** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1204** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1205** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1206** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1207**
1208** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1209** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1210** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1211** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1212** object once the object has been registered.
1213**
1214** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1215** be unique across all VFS modules.
1216**
1217** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1218** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1219** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1220** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1221** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1222** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1223** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1224** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1225** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1226** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1227** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1228** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1229** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1230** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1231** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1232** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1233**
1234** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1235** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1236** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1237** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1238** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1239** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1240**
1241** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1242** call, depending on the object being opened:
1243**
1244** <ul>
1245** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1246** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1247** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1248** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1249** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1250** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1251** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
1252** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1253** </ul>)^
1254**
1255** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1256** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1257** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1258** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1259** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1260** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1261** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1262** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1263**
1264** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1265**
1266** <ul>
1267** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1268** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1269** </ul>
1270**
1271** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1272** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1273** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1274** databases, and subjournals.
1275**
1276** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1277** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1278** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1279** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1280** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1281** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1282** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1283** for exclusive access.
1284**
1285** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1286** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1287** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1288** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1289** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1290** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1291** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1292** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1293** or failure of the xOpen call.
1294**
1295** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1296** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1297** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1298** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1299** to test whether a file is at least readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ
1300** flag is never actually used and is not implemented in the built-in
1301** VFSes of SQLite.  The file is named by the second argument and can be a
1302** directory. The xAccess method returns [SQLITE_OK] on success or some
1303** non-zero error code if there is an I/O error or if the name of
1304** the file given in the second argument is illegal.  If SQLITE_OK
1305** is returned, then non-zero or zero is written into *pResOut to indicate
1306** whether or not the file is accessible.
1307**
1308** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1309** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1310** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1311** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1312** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1313** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1314**
1315** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1316** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1317** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1318** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1319** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1320** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1321** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1322** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1323** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1324** a floating point value.
1325** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1326** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1327** a 24-hour day).
1328** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1329** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1330** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1331** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1332**
1333** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1334** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1335** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1336** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1337** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1338** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1339** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1340** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1341** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1342** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1343** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1344*/
1345typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1346typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1347struct sqlite3_vfs {
1348  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1349  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1350  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1351  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1352  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1353  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1354  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1355               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1356  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1357  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1358  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1359  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1360  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1361  void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1362  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1363  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1364  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1365  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1366  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1367  /*
1368  ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1369  ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1370  */
1371  int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1372  /*
1373  ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1374  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1375  */
1376  int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1377  sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1378  const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1379  /*
1380  ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1381  ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1382  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1383  */
1384};
1385
1386/*
1387** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1388**
1389** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1390** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1391** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1392** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1393** simply checks whether the file exists.
1394** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1395** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1396** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1397** the directory).
1398** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1399** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1400** release of SQLite.
1401** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1402** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1403** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1404** SQLite.
1405*/
1406#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1407#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1408#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1409
1410/*
1411** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1412**
1413** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1414** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1415** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1416** xShmLock method:
1417**
1418** <ul>
1419** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1420** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1421** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1422** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1423** </ul>
1424**
1425** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1426** was given on the corresponding lock.
1427**
1428** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1429** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1430** and EXCLUSIVE.
1431*/
1432#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1433#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1434#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1435#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1436
1437/*
1438** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1439**
1440** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1441** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1442** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1443** lock outside of this range
1444*/
1445#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1446
1447
1448/*
1449** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1450**
1451** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1452** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1453** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1454** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1455** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1456** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1457**
1458** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1459** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1460** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1461** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1462** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1463** are harmless no-ops.)^
1464**
1465** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1466** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1467** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1468** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1469**
1470** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1471** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1472** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1473** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1474** sqlite3_shutdown().
1475**
1476** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1477** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1478** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1479**
1480** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1481** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1482** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1483** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1484**
1485** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1486** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1487** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1488** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1489** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1490** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1491** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1492** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1493** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1494** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1495** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1496** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1497** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1498** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1499**
1500** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1501** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1502** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1503** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1504** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1505** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1506** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1507**
1508** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1509** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1510** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1511** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1512** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1513** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1514** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1515** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1516** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1517** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1518** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1519** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1520** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1521** failure.
1522*/
1523int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1524int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1525int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1526int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1527
1528/*
1529** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1530**
1531** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1532** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1533** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1534** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1535** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1536**
1537** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1538** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1539** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1540**
1541** The sqlite3_config() interface
1542** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1543** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1544** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1545** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1546** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1547** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1548**
1549** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1550** [configuration option] that determines
1551** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1552** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1553** in the first argument.
1554**
1555** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1556** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1557** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1558*/
1559int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1560
1561/*
1562** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1563** METHOD: sqlite3
1564**
1565** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1566** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1567** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1568** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1569**
1570** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1571** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1572** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1573** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1574**
1575** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1576** the call is considered successful.
1577*/
1578int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1579
1580/*
1581** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1582**
1583** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1584** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1585**
1586** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1587** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1588** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1589** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1590** By creating an instance of this object
1591** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1592** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1593** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1594** dynamic memory needs.
1595**
1596** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1597** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1598** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1599** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1600** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1601** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1602** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1603** conditions.
1604**
1605** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1606** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1607** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1608** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1609**
1610** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1611** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1612** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1613**
1614** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1615** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1616** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1617** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1618** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1619** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1620** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1621**
1622** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1623** it might allocate any require mutexes or initialize internal data
1624** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1625** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1626** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1627** xInit and xShutdown.
1628**
1629** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER] mutex when it invokes
1630** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1631** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1632** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1633** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1634** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1635** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1636** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1637** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1638** serialization.
1639**
1640** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1641** call to xShutdown().
1642*/
1643typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1644struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1645  void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1646  void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1647  void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1648  int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1649  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1650  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1651  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1652  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1653};
1654
1655/*
1656** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1657** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1658**
1659** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1660** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1661**
1662** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1663** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1664** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1665** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1666** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1667** is invoked.
1668**
1669** <dl>
1670** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1671** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1672** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1673** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1674** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1675** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1676** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1677** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1678** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1679** configuration option.</dd>
1680**
1681** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1682** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1683** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1684** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1685** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1686** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1687** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1688** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1689** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1690** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1691** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1692** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1693** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1694**
1695** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1696** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1697** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1698** all mutexes including the recursive
1699** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1700** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1701** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1702** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1703** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1704** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1705** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1706** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1707** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1708** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1709** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1710**
1711** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1712** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1713** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1714** The argument specifies
1715** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1716** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1717** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1718** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1719**
1720** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1721** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1722** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1723** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1724** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1725** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1726** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1727** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1728**
1729** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC</dt>
1730** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes single argument of
1731** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to
1732** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible.
1733** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations,
1734** but some application might prefer to run slower in exchange for
1735** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large
1736** allocations are avoided.  This hint is normally off.
1737** </dd>
1738**
1739** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1740** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1741** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1742** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1743** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1744**   <ul>
1745**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1746**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1747**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1748**   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1749**   </ul>)^
1750** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1751** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1752** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1753** </dd>
1754**
1755** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1756** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used.
1757** </dd>
1758**
1759** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1760** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1761** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1762** cache implementation.
1763** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-define page
1764** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1765** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1766** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1767** and the number of cache lines (N).
1768** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1769** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1770** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1771** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1772** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1773** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1774** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1775** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1776** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1777** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1778** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1779** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1780** is exhausted.
1781** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1782** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1783** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1784** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1785** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1786** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1787** additional cache line. </dd>
1788**
1789** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1790** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1791** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1792** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1793** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1794** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1795** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1796** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1797** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1798** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1799** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1800** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1801** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1802** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1803** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1804** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1805** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1806** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1807** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1808**
1809** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1810** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1811** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1812** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1813** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1814** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1815** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1816** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1817** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1818** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1819** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1820**
1821** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1822** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1823** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1824** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1825** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1826** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1827** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1828** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1829** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1830** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1831** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1832** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1833**
1834** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1835** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1836** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1837** The first argument is the
1838** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1839** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1840** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1841** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1842** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1843**
1844** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1845** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1846** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1847** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1848** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1849**
1850** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1851** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1852** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1853** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1854**
1855** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1856** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1857** global [error log].
1858** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1859** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1860** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1861** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1862** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1863** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1864** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1865** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1866** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1867** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1868** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1869** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1870** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1871** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1872** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1873** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1874**
1875** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1876** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1877** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1878** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1879** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1880** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1881** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1882** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1883** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1884** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1885** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1886** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1887** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1888**
1889** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1890** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1891** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1892** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1893** ^The default setting is determined
1894** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1895** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1896** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1897** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1898** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1899** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1900** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1901**
1902** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1903** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1904** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1905** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1906** </dd>
1907**
1908** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1909** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1910** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1911** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1912** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1913** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1914** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1915** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1916** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1917** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1918** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1919** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1920** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1921** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1922** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1923** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1924**
1925** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1926** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1927** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1928** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1929** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1930** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1931** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1932** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1933** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1934** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1935** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1936** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1937** changed to its compile-time default.
1938**
1939** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1940** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1941** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1942** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1943** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1944** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1945**
1946** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1947** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1948** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1949** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1950** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1951** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1952** target platform, and SQLite version.
1953**
1954** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1955** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1956** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1957** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1958** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1959** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1960** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1961** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1962** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1963** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1964**
1965** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
1966** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
1967** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
1968** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
1969** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
1970** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
1971** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
1972** exclusively in memory.
1973** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
1974** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
1975** I/O required to support statement rollback.
1976** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
1977** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
1978**
1979** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE]]
1980** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE
1981** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option accepts a single parameter
1982** of type (int) - the new value of the sorter-reference size threshold.
1983** Usually, when SQLite uses an external sort to order records according
1984** to an ORDER BY clause, all fields required by the caller are present in the
1985** sorted records. However, if SQLite determines based on the declared type
1986** of a table column that its values are likely to be very large - larger
1987** than the configured sorter-reference size threshold - then a reference
1988** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded
1989** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default
1990** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a
1991** negative value for this option restores the default behaviour.
1992** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
1993** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option.
1994**
1995** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE]]
1996** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE
1997** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE option accepts a single parameter
1998** [sqlite3_int64] parameter which is the default maximum size for an in-memory
1999** database created using [sqlite3_deserialize()].  This default maximum
2000** size can be adjusted up or down for individual databases using the
2001** [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] [sqlite3_file_control|file-control].  If this
2002** configuration setting is never used, then the default maximum is determined
2003** by the [SQLITE_MEMDB_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE] compile-time option.  If that
2004** compile-time option is not set, then the default maximum is 1073741824.
2005** </dl>
2006*/
2007#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
2008#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
2009#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
2010#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2011#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2012#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* No longer used */
2013#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
2014#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
2015#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
2016#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2017#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2018/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
2019#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
2020#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
2021#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
2022#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
2023#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
2024#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2025#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2026#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
2027#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
2028#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
2029#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
2030#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
2031#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
2032#define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
2033#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC        27  /* boolean */
2034#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE      28  /* int nByte */
2035#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE       29  /* sqlite3_int64 */
2036
2037/*
2038** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
2039**
2040** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
2041** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
2042**
2043** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
2044** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
2045** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
2046** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
2047** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
2048** is invoked.
2049**
2050** <dl>
2051** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
2052** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
2053** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
2054** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
2055** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
2056** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
2057** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
2058** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
2059** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
2060** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
2061** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
2062** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
2063** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
2064** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
2065** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
2066** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
2067** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
2068** when the "current value" returned by
2069** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
2070** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
2071** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
2072** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
2073**
2074** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]]
2075** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
2076** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
2077** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
2078** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
2079** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
2080** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2081** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
2082** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2083** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
2084**
2085** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER]]
2086** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
2087** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
2088** There should be two additional arguments.
2089** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
2090** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2091** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2092** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
2093** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2094** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
2095**
2096** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW]]
2097** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW</dt>
2098** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE VIEW | views].
2099** There should be two additional arguments.
2100** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable views,
2101** positive to enable views or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2102** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2103** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether views are disabled or enabled
2104** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2105** which case the view setting is not reported back. </dd>
2106**
2107** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER]]
2108** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
2109** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the
2110** [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
2111** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
2112** There should be two additional arguments.
2113** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
2114** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
2115** unchanged.
2116** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2117** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
2118** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2119** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
2120**
2121** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION]]
2122** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
2123** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
2124** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
2125** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
2126** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
2127** There should be two additional arguments.
2128** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
2129** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
2130** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
2131** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
2132** C-API or the SQL function.
2133** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2134** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
2135** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
2136** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
2137** </dd>
2138**
2139** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
2140** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
2141** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
2142** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
2143** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
2144** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
2145** until after the database connection closes.
2146** </dd>
2147**
2148** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]]
2149** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
2150** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2151** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2152** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2153** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2154** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2155** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2156** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2157** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2158** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2159** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2160** </dd>
2161**
2162** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
2163** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
2164** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,
2165** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless
2166** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations
2167** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries
2168** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
2169** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
2170** was used during testing in the lab.
2171** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2172** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
2173** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2174** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
2175** following this call.
2176** </dd>
2177**
2178** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
2179** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not
2180** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
2181** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
2182** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
2183** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
2184** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2185** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written
2186** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if
2187** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.
2188** </dd>
2189**
2190** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
2191** <dd> Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run
2192** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database
2193** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for
2194** a badly corrupted database file:
2195** <ol>
2196** <li> If the database connection is newly opened, make sure it has read the
2197**      database schema by preparing then discarding some query against the
2198**      database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any
2199**      errors.  This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep
2200**      the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before
2201**      the reset.
2202** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
2203** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
2204** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
2205** </ol>
2206** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the
2207** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to help
2208** ensure that it does not happen by accident.
2209**
2210** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE</dt>
2211** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the
2212** "defensive" flag for a database connection.  When the defensive
2213** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to
2214** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.  The disabled
2215** features include but are not limited to the following:
2216** <ul>
2217** <li> The [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] statement.
2218** <li> The [PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF] statement.
2219** <li> Writes to the [sqlite_dbpage] virtual table.
2220** <li> Direct writes to [shadow tables].
2221** </ul>
2222** </dd>
2223**
2224** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA</dt>
2225** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA option activates or deactivates the
2226** "writable_schema" flag. This has the same effect and is logically equivalent
2227** to setting [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] or [PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF].
2228** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2229** the writable_schema, positive to enable writable_schema, or negative to
2230** leave the setting unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an
2231** integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the writable_schema
2232** is enabled or disabled following this call.
2233** </dd>
2234**
2235** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE]]
2236** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE</dt>
2237** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE option activates or deactivates
2238** the legacy behavior of the [ALTER TABLE RENAME] command such it
2239** behaves as it did prior to [version 3.24.0] (2018-06-04).  See the
2240** "Compatibility Notice" on the [ALTER TABLE RENAME documentation] for
2241** additional information. This feature can also be turned on and off
2242** using the [PRAGMA legacy_alter_table] statement.
2243** </dd>
2244**
2245** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML]]
2246** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML</td>
2247** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML option activates or deactivates
2248** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DML statement
2249** only, that is DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, and UPDATE statements. The
2250** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2251** compile-time option.
2252** </dd>
2253**
2254** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL]]
2255** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</td>
2256** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates
2257** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements,
2258** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The
2259** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2260** compile-time option.
2261** </dd>
2262**
2263** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT]]
2264** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT</td>
2265** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT option activates or deactivates
2266** the legacy file format flag.  When activated, this flag causes all newly
2267** created database file to have a schema format version number (the 4-byte
2268** integer found at offset 44 into the database header) of 1.  This in turn
2269** means that the resulting database file will be readable and writable by
2270** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]).  Without this setting,
2271** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions
2272** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]).  As these words are written, there
2273** is now scarcely any need to generated database files that are compatible
2274** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little
2275** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the
2276** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with  version
2277** 3.0.0.
2278** <p>Note that when the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT setting is on,
2279** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to
2280** process a table with generated columns and a descending index.  This is
2281** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support
2282** either generated columns or decending indexes.
2283** </dd>
2284** </dl>
2285*/
2286#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2287#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2288#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2289#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2290#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2291#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2292#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2293#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           1007 /* int int* */
2294#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           1008 /* int int* */
2295#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
2296#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
2297#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       1011 /* int int* */
2298#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    1012 /* int int* */
2299#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               1013 /* int int* */
2300#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               1014 /* int int* */
2301#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           1015 /* int int* */
2302#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    1016 /* int int* */
2303#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1016 /* Largest DBCONFIG */
2304
2305/*
2306** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2307** METHOD: sqlite3
2308**
2309** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2310** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2311** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2312*/
2313int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2314
2315/*
2316** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2317** METHOD: sqlite3
2318**
2319** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2320** has a unique 64-bit signed
2321** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2322** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2323** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2324** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2325** is another alias for the rowid.
2326**
2327** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2328** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2329** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2330** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2331** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2332** zero.
2333**
2334** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2335** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2336** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2337**
2338** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2339** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2340** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2341** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2342** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2343** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2344** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2345** control to the user.
2346**
2347** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2348** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2349** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2350** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2351**
2352** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2353** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2354** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2355** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2356** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2357** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2358** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2359** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2360** the return value of this interface.)^
2361**
2362** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2363** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2364**
2365** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2366** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2367**
2368** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2369** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2370** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2371** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2372** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2373** last insert [rowid].
2374*/
2375sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2376
2377/*
2378** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2379** METHOD: sqlite3
2380**
2381** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2382** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2383** without inserting a row into the database.
2384*/
2385void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2386
2387/*
2388** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2389** METHOD: sqlite3
2390**
2391** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
2392** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2393** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2394** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
2395** returned by this function.
2396**
2397** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2398** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2399** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2400**
2401** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2402** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2403** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2404** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2405** tables are counted.
2406**
2407** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2408** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2409** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2410** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2411**
2412** <ul>
2413**   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2414**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2415**        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2416**
2417**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2418**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2419**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2420**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2421**        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2422** </ul>
2423**
2424** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2425** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2426** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2427** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2428** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2429** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2430**
2431** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2432** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2433** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2434**
2435** See also:
2436** <ul>
2437** <li> the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface
2438** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2439** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2440** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2441** </ul>
2442*/
2443int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2444
2445/*
2446** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2447** METHOD: sqlite3
2448**
2449** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2450** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2451** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2452** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2453** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2454**
2455** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2456** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2457** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2458** are not counted.
2459**
2460** The [sqlite3_total_changes(D)] interface only reports the number
2461** of rows that changed due to SQL statement run against database
2462** connection D.  Any changes by other database connections are ignored.
2463** To detect changes against a database file from other database
2464** connections use the [PRAGMA data_version] command or the
2465** [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control].
2466**
2467** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2468** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2469** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2470**
2471** See also:
2472** <ul>
2473** <li> the [sqlite3_changes()] interface
2474** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2475** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2476** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2477** <li> the [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control]
2478** </ul>
2479*/
2480int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2481
2482/*
2483** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2484** METHOD: sqlite3
2485**
2486** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2487** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2488** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2489** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2490** immediately.
2491**
2492** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2493** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2494** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2495** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2496**
2497** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2498** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2499** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2500**
2501** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2502** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2503** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2504** will be rolled back automatically.
2505**
2506** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2507** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2508** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2509** running statements reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2510** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2511** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2512** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2513** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2514** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2515** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2516*/
2517void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2518
2519/*
2520** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2521**
2522** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2523** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2524** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2525** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2526** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2527** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2528** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2529** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2530** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2531** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2532** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2533**
2534** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2535** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2536**
2537** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2538** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2539**
2540** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2541** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2542** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2543** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2544** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2545**
2546** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2547** UTF-8 string.
2548**
2549** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2550** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2551*/
2552int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2553int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2554
2555/*
2556** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2557** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2558** METHOD: sqlite3
2559**
2560** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2561** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2562** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2563** [database connection] D when another thread
2564** or process has the table locked.
2565** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2566** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2567**
2568** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2569** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2570** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2571**
2572** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2573** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2574** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2575** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2576** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2577** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2578** to the application.
2579** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2580** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2581**
2582** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2583** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2584** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2585** to the application instead of invoking the
2586** busy handler.
2587** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2588** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2589** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2590** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2591** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2592** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2593** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2594** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2595** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2596** the second process to proceed.
2597**
2598** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2599**
2600** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2601** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2602** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2603** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2604** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2605**
2606** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2607** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2608** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2609** result in undefined behavior.
2610**
2611** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2612** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2613*/
2614int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2615
2616/*
2617** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2618** METHOD: sqlite3
2619**
2620** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2621** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2622** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2623** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2624** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2625** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2626**
2627** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2628** turns off all busy handlers.
2629**
2630** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2631** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2632** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2633** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2634**
2635** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2636*/
2637int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2638
2639/*
2640** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2641** METHOD: sqlite3
2642**
2643** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2644** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2645**
2646** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2647** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2648** complete query results from one or more queries.
2649**
2650** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2651** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2652** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2653** and M be the number of columns.
2654**
2655** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2656** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2657** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2658** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2659** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2660** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2661**
2662** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2663** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2664** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2665**
2666** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2667** is as follows:
2668**
2669** <blockquote><pre>
2670**        Name        | Age
2671**        -----------------------
2672**        Alice       | 43
2673**        Bob         | 28
2674**        Cindy       | 21
2675** </pre></blockquote>
2676**
2677** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2678** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2679** in an array names azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2680**
2681** <blockquote><pre>
2682**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2683**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2684**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2685**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2686**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2687**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2688**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2689**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2690** </pre></blockquote>)^
2691**
2692** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2693** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2694** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2695** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2696**
2697** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2698** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2699** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2700** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2701** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2702** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2703**
2704** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2705** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2706** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2707** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2708** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2709** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2710** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2711*/
2712int sqlite3_get_table(
2713  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2714  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2715  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2716  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2717  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2718  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2719);
2720void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2721
2722/*
2723** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2724**
2725** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2726** from the standard C library.
2727** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from
2728** the standard library printf()
2729** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]).
2730** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details.
2731**
2732** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2733** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()].
2734** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2735** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2736** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough
2737** memory to hold the resulting string.
2738**
2739** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2740** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2741** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2742** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2743** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2744** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2745** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2746** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2747** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2748** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2749** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2750** now without breaking compatibility.
2751**
2752** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2753** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2754** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2755** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2756** written will be n-1 characters.
2757**
2758** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2759**
2760** See also:  [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function]
2761*/
2762char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2763char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2764char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2765char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2766
2767/*
2768** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2769**
2770** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2771** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2772** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
2773** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2774**
2775** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2776** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2777** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2778** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2779** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2780** a NULL pointer.
2781**
2782** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2783** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2784** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2785**
2786** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2787** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2788** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2789** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2790** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2791** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2792** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2793** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2794** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2795** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2796**
2797** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2798** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2799** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2800** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2801** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2802** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2803** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2804** sqlite3_free(X).
2805** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2806** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2807** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2808** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2809** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2810** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2811** prior allocation is not freed.
2812**
2813** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2814** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2815** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2816**
2817** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2818** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2819** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2820** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2821** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2822** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2823** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2824** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2825** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2826**
2827** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2828** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2829** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2830** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2831** option is used.
2832**
2833** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
2834** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in
2835** implementation of these routines to be omitted.  That capability
2836** is no longer provided.  Only built-in memory allocators can be used.
2837**
2838** Prior to SQLite version 3.7.10, the Windows OS interface layer called
2839** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
2840** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
2841** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
2842** installation.  Memory allocation errors were detected, but
2843** they were reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
2844** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
2845**
2846** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2847** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2848** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2849** not yet been released.
2850**
2851** The application must not read or write any part of
2852** a block of memory after it has been released using
2853** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2854*/
2855void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2856void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2857void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2858void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2859void sqlite3_free(void*);
2860sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2861
2862/*
2863** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2864**
2865** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2866** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2867** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2868**
2869** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2870** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2871** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2872** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2873** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2874** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2875** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2876** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2877** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2878**
2879** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2880** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2881** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2882** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2883** prior to the reset.
2884*/
2885sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2886sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2887
2888/*
2889** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2890**
2891** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2892** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2893** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2894** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2895** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2896**
2897** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2898** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2899**
2900** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2901** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2902** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2903** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2904** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2905** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2906** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2907** method.
2908*/
2909void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2910
2911/*
2912** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2913** METHOD: sqlite3
2914** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback}
2915**
2916** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2917** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2918** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2919** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2920** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
2921** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].  ^At various
2922** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2923** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2924** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2925** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2926** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2927** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2928** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2929** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2930** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2931** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2932**
2933** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2934** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2935** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2936** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2937** access is denied.
2938**
2939** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2940** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2941** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2942** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2943** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings
2944** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized.
2945** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any
2946** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback.
2947**
2948** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2949** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2950** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2951** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2952** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2953** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2954** columns of a table.
2955** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are
2956** extracted from that table (for example in a query like
2957** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback
2958** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string.
2959** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2960** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2961** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2962**
2963** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2964** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2965** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2966** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2967** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2968** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
2969** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
2970** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
2971** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
2972** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
2973**
2974** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
2975** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
2976** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
2977** in addition to using an authorizer.
2978**
2979** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
2980** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
2981** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
2982** The authorizer is disabled by default.
2983**
2984** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
2985** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
2986** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2987** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2988**
2989** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
2990** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
2991** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
2992** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
2993**
2994** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
2995** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
2996** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
2997** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
2998** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
2999*/
3000int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
3001  sqlite3*,
3002  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
3003  void *pUserData
3004);
3005
3006/*
3007** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
3008**
3009** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
3010** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
3011** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
3012** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
3013** information.
3014**
3015** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
3016** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
3017*/
3018#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
3019#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
3020
3021/*
3022** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
3023**
3024** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
3025** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
3026** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
3027** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
3028** the authorizer callback may be passed.
3029**
3030** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
3031** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
3032** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
3033** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
3034** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
3035** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
3036** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
3037** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
3038** top-level SQL code.
3039*/
3040/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
3041#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3042#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3043#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3044#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3045#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3046#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
3047#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3048#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
3049#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3050#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3051#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3052#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3053#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3054#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3055#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
3056#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3057#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
3058#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3059#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
3060#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3061#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
3062#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
3063#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3064#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
3065#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
3066#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
3067#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
3068#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3069#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3070#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3071#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
3072#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
3073#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
3074#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
3075
3076/*
3077** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
3078** METHOD: sqlite3
3079**
3080** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
3081** instead of the routines described here.
3082**
3083** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
3084** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
3085**
3086** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
3087** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
3088** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
3089** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
3090** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
3091** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
3092** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
3093**
3094** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
3095** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
3096**
3097** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
3098** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
3099** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
3100** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
3101** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
3102** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
3103** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
3104** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  Invoking
3105** either [sqlite3_trace()] or [sqlite3_trace_v2()] will cancel the
3106** profile callback.
3107*/
3108SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
3109   void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
3110SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
3111   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
3112
3113/*
3114** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
3115** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
3116**
3117** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
3118** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The M argument
3119** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
3120** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
3121** is one of the following constants.
3122**
3123** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
3124**
3125** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
3126** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
3127** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
3128** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
3129** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3130**
3131** <dl>
3132** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
3133** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
3134** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
3135** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
3136** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
3137** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
3138** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
3139** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
3140** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
3141** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
3142** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
3143**
3144** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
3145** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
3146** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
3147** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3148** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
3149** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
3150** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
3151**
3152** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
3153** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
3154** statement generates a single row of result.
3155** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3156** X argument is unused.
3157**
3158** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
3159** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
3160** connection closes.
3161** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
3162** and the X argument is unused.
3163** </dl>
3164*/
3165#define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
3166#define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
3167#define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
3168#define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
3169
3170/*
3171** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
3172** METHOD: sqlite3
3173**
3174** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
3175** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
3176** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
3177** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
3178** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
3179** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
3180**
3181** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
3182** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
3183**
3184** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
3185** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
3186** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
3187** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
3188**
3189** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
3190** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
3191** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
3192** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
3193** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3194**
3195** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
3196** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
3197** are deprecated.
3198*/
3199int sqlite3_trace_v2(
3200  sqlite3*,
3201  unsigned uMask,
3202  int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
3203  void *pCtx
3204);
3205
3206/*
3207** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
3208** METHOD: sqlite3
3209**
3210** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
3211** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
3212** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
3213** database connection D.  An example use for this
3214** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
3215**
3216** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
3217** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
3218** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
3219** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
3220** handler is disabled.
3221**
3222** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
3223** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
3224** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
3225** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
3226** than 1.
3227**
3228** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
3229** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
3230** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
3231**
3232** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
3233** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
3234** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3235** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3236**
3237*/
3238void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
3239
3240/*
3241** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
3242** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3243**
3244** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3245** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3246** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3247** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3248** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3249** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3250** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3251** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3252** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3253** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3254** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3255** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3256**
3257** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3258** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3259** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3260**
3261** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3262** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3263** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3264**
3265** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3266** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3267** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3268** sqlite3_open_v2() can take one of
3269** the following three values, optionally combined with the
3270** [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE],
3271** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE], and/or [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flags:)^
3272**
3273** <dl>
3274** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3275** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3276** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3277**
3278** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3279** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3280** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3281** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3282**
3283** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3284** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3285** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3286** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3287** </dl>
3288**
3289** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3290** combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3291** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3292** then the behavior is undefined.
3293**
3294** ^If the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] flag is set, then the database connection
3295** opens in the multi-thread [threading mode] as long as the single-thread
3296** mode has not been set at compile-time or start-time.  ^If the
3297** [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flag is set then the database connection opens
3298** in the serialized [threading mode] unless single-thread was
3299** previously selected at compile-time or start-time.
3300** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag causes the database connection to be
3301** eligible to use [shared cache mode], regardless of whether or not shared
3302** cache is enabled using [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].  ^The
3303** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE] flag causes the database connection to not
3304** participate in [shared cache mode] even if it is enabled.
3305**
3306** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3307** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3308** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3309** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3310**
3311** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3312** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3313** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3314** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3315** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3316** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3317** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3318**
3319** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3320** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3321** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3322**
3323** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3324**
3325** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3326** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3327** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3328** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3329** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3330** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3331** URI filename interpretation is turned off
3332** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3333** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3334** information.
3335**
3336** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3337** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3338** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3339** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3340** present, is ignored.
3341**
3342** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3343** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3344** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3345** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3346** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3347** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3348** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3349**
3350** [[core URI query parameters]]
3351** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3352** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3353** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3354** following query parameters:
3355**
3356** <ul>
3357**   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3358**     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3359**     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3360**     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3361**     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3362**     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3363**     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3364**
3365**   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3366**     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3367**     an error)^.
3368**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3369**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3370**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3371**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3372**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3373**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3374**     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3375**     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3376**     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3377**     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3378**     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3379**
3380**   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3381**     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3382**     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3383**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3384**     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3385**     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3386**     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3387**     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3388**
3389**  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3390**     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3391**     storage media on which the database file resides.
3392**
3393**  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3394**     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3395**     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3396**     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3397**     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3398**     processes uses nolock=1.
3399**
3400**  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3401**     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3402**     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3403**     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3404**     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3405**     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3406**     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3407**     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3408**     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3409**
3410** </ul>
3411**
3412** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3413** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3414** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3415** additional information.
3416**
3417** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3418**
3419** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3420** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3421** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3422**          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3423** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3424**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3425**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3426**          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3427** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3428**          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3429** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3430**          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3431**     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3432**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3433**          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3434**          in URI filenames.
3435** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3436**          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3437**          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3438**          default, use a private cache.
3439** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3440**          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3441**          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3442** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3443**          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3444** </table>
3445**
3446** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3447** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3448** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3449** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3450** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3451** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3452** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3453** the results are undefined.
3454**
3455** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3456** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3457** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3458** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3459** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3460**
3461** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3462** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3463** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3464**
3465** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3466*/
3467int sqlite3_open(
3468  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3469  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3470);
3471int sqlite3_open16(
3472  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3473  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3474);
3475int sqlite3_open_v2(
3476  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3477  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3478  int flags,              /* Flags */
3479  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3480);
3481
3482/*
3483** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3484**
3485** These are utility routines, useful to VFS implementations, that check
3486** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3487** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3488**
3489** If F is the database filename pointer passed into the xOpen() method of
3490** a VFS implementation when the flags parameter to xOpen() has one or
3491** more of the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] or [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB] bits set and
3492** P is the name of the query parameter, then
3493** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3494** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3495** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F
3496** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3497** a pointer to an empty string.
3498**
3499** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3500** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3501** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3502** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3503** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3504** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3505** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3506** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3507** parameter on F or if the value of P is does not match any of the
3508** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3509**
3510** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3511** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3512** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3513** zero is returned.
3514**
3515** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3516** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3517** is not a database file pathname pointer that SQLite passed into the xOpen
3518** VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined and probably
3519** undesirable.
3520**
3521** See the [URI filename] documentation for additional information.
3522*/
3523const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3524int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3525sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3526
3527
3528/*
3529** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3530** METHOD: sqlite3
3531**
3532** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3533** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3534** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3535** API call.
3536** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3537** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3538** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3539** disabled.
3540**
3541** The values returned by sqlite3_errcode() and/or
3542** sqlite3_extended_errcode() might change with each API call.
3543** Except, there are some interfaces that are guaranteed to never
3544** change the value of the error code.  The error-code preserving
3545** interfaces are:
3546**
3547** <ul>
3548** <li> sqlite3_errcode()
3549** <li> sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3550** <li> sqlite3_errmsg()
3551** <li> sqlite3_errmsg16()
3552** </ul>
3553**
3554** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3555** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3556** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3557** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3558** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3559** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3560**
3561** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3562** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3563** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3564** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3565**
3566** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3567** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3568** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3569** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3570** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3571** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3572** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3573** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3574** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3575**
3576** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3577** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3578** error code and message may or may not be set.
3579*/
3580int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3581int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3582const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3583const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3584const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3585
3586/*
3587** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3588** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3589**
3590** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3591** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3592**
3593** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3594** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3595** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3596** prepared statement before it can be run.
3597**
3598** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3599**
3600** <ol>
3601** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3602** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3603**      interfaces.
3604** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3605** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3606**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3607** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3608** </ol>
3609*/
3610typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3611
3612/*
3613** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3614** METHOD: sqlite3
3615**
3616** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3617** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3618** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3619** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3620** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3621** new limit for that construct.)^
3622**
3623** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3624** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3625** [limits | hard upper bound]
3626** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3627** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3628** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3629** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3630** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3631**
3632** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3633** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3634** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3635** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3636**
3637** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3638** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3639** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3640** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3641** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3642** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3643** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3644** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3645** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3646** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3647** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3648** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3649**
3650** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3651*/
3652int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3653
3654/*
3655** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3656** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3657**
3658** These constants define various performance limits
3659** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3660** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3661** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3662**
3663** <dl>
3664** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3665** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3666**
3667** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3668** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3669**
3670** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3671** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3672** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3673** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3674**
3675** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3676** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3677**
3678** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3679** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3680**
3681** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3682** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3683** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3684** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3685** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3686**
3687** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3688** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3689**
3690** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3691** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3692**
3693** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3694** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3695** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3696** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3697**
3698** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3699** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3700** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3701**
3702** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3703** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3704**
3705** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3706** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3707** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3708** </dl>
3709*/
3710#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3711#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3712#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3713#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3714#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3715#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3716#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3717#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3718#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3719#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3720#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3721#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3722
3723/*
3724** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags
3725**
3726** These constants define various flags that can be passed into
3727** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and
3728** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces.
3729**
3730** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite.
3731**
3732** <dl>
3733** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT</dt>
3734** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner
3735** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and
3736** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
3737** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will
3738** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
3739** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
3740** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
3741** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of
3742** SQLite may act on this hint differently.
3743**
3744** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE</dt>
3745** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE flag is a no-op. This flag used
3746** to be required for any prepared statement that wanted to use the
3747** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface.  However, the
3748** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface is now available to all
3749** prepared statements, regardless of whether or not they use this
3750** flag.
3751**
3752** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB</dt>
3753** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB flag causes the SQL compiler
3754** to return an error (error code SQLITE_ERROR) if the statement uses
3755** any virtual tables.
3756** </dl>
3757*/
3758#define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT              0x01
3759#define SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE               0x02
3760#define SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB                 0x04
3761
3762/*
3763** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3764** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3765** METHOD: sqlite3
3766** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3767**
3768** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3769** program using one of these routines.  Or, in other words, these routines
3770** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object.
3771**
3772** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].  The
3773** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided.
3774** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra "prepFlags" option that is used
3775** for special purposes.
3776**
3777** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently
3778** does all parsing using UTF-8.  The UTF-16 interfaces are provided
3779** as a convenience.  The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the
3780** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface.
3781**
3782** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3783** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3784** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3785**
3786** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3787** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(),
3788** and sqlite3_prepare_v3()
3789** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
3790** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16.
3791**
3792** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3793** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3794** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3795** statement is generated.
3796** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3797** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3798** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3799** the nul-terminator.
3800**
3801** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3802** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3803** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3804** what remains uncompiled.
3805**
3806** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3807** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3808** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3809** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3810** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3811** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3812** ppStmt may not be NULL.
3813**
3814** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
3815** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
3816**
3817** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
3818** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs.
3819** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16())
3820** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
3821** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement
3822** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
3823** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
3824** behave differently in three ways:
3825**
3826** <ol>
3827** <li>
3828** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
3829** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
3830** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
3831** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
3832** </li>
3833**
3834** <li>
3835** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
3836** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
3837** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
3838** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
3839** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
3840** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
3841** </li>
3842**
3843** <li>
3844** ^If the specific value bound to [parameter | host parameter] in the
3845** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
3846** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
3847** a schema change, on the first  [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
3848** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
3849** ^The specific value of WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
3850** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
3851** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
3852** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4] compile-time option is enabled.
3853** </li>
3854** </ol>
3855**
3856** <p>^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having
3857** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or
3858** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags.  ^The
3859** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as
3860** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter.
3861*/
3862int sqlite3_prepare(
3863  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3864  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3865  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3866  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3867  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3868);
3869int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
3870  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3871  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3872  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3873  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3874  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3875);
3876int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
3877  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3878  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3879  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3880  unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
3881  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3882  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3883);
3884int sqlite3_prepare16(
3885  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3886  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3887  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3888  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3889  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3890);
3891int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
3892  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3893  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3894  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3895  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3896  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3897);
3898int sqlite3_prepare16_v3(
3899  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3900  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3901  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3902  unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
3903  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3904  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3905);
3906
3907/*
3908** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
3909** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3910**
3911** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
3912** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
3913** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()],
3914** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
3915** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
3916** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
3917** [bound parameters] expanded.
3918** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
3919** string containing the normalized SQL text of prepared statement P.  The
3920** semantics used to normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject
3921** to change.  At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable
3922** placeholders.
3923**
3924** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
3925** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
3926** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
3927** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
3928** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
3929**
3930** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
3931** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
3932** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
3933**
3934** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
3935** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
3936** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
3937**
3938** ^The strings returned by sqlite3_sql(P) and sqlite3_normalized_sql(P)
3939** are managed by SQLite and are automatically freed when the prepared
3940** statement is finalized.
3941** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
3942** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
3943** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
3944*/
3945const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3946char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3947const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3948
3949/*
3950** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
3951** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3952**
3953** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
3954** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
3955** the content of the database file.
3956**
3957** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
3958** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
3959** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
3960** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
3961** change the database file through side-effects:
3962**
3963** <blockquote><pre>
3964**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
3965** </pre></blockquote>
3966**
3967** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
3968** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
3969**
3970** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
3971** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
3972** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
3973** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
3974** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
3975** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
3976** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
3977** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
3978** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
3979** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
3980** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
3981** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
3982*/
3983int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3984
3985/*
3986** CAPI3REF: Query The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement
3987** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3988**
3989** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 1 if the
3990** prepared statement S is an EXPLAIN statement, or 2 if the
3991** statement S is an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.
3992** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 0 if S is
3993** an ordinary statement or a NULL pointer.
3994*/
3995int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3996
3997/*
3998** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
3999** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4000**
4001** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
4002** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
4003** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
4004** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
4005** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
4006** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
4007** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
4008** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
4009**
4010** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
4011** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
4012** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
4013** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
4014** statements that are holding a transaction open.
4015*/
4016int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
4017
4018/*
4019** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
4020** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
4021**
4022** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
4023** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
4024** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
4025** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
4026**
4027** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
4028** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
4029** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4030** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
4031** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
4032** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
4033** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4034**
4035** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
4036** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
4037** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
4038** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
4039** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
4040** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
4041** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
4042** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
4043** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
4044** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
4045** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
4046** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
4047**
4048** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
4049** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
4050** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
4051** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
4052** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments
4053** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and
4054** [sqlite3_value_dup()].
4055** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
4056** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
4057*/
4058typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value;
4059
4060/*
4061** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
4062**
4063** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
4064** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
4065** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
4066** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
4067** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
4068** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
4069** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
4070** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
4071*/
4072typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
4073
4074/*
4075** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
4076** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
4077** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
4078** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4079**
4080** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
4081** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
4082** templates:
4083**
4084** <ul>
4085** <li>  ?
4086** <li>  ?NNN
4087** <li>  :VVV
4088** <li>  @VVV
4089** <li>  $VVV
4090** </ul>
4091**
4092** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
4093** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
4094** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
4095** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
4096**
4097** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
4098** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
4099** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
4100**
4101** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
4102** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
4103** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
4104** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
4105** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
4106** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
4107** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
4108** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
4109** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 999).
4110**
4111** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
4112** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4113** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
4114** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
4115**
4116** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
4117** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
4118** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
4119** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4120** is negative, then the length of the string is
4121** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
4122** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
4123** the behavior is undefined.
4124** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
4125** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
4126** that parameter must be the byte offset
4127** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
4128** terminated.  If any NUL characters occur at byte offsets less than
4129** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
4130** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
4131** with embedded NULs is undefined.
4132**
4133** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
4134** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
4135** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
4136** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to the bind API fails,
4137** except the destructor is not called if the third parameter is a NULL
4138** pointer or the fourth parameter is negative.
4139** ^If the fifth argument is
4140** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
4141** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
4142** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
4143** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
4144** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
4145**
4146** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
4147** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
4148** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
4149** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
4150** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
4151** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
4152** is undefined.
4153**
4154** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
4155** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
4156** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
4157** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
4158** content is later written using
4159** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
4160** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
4161**
4162** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in
4163** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be
4164** associated with the pointer P of type T.  ^D is either a NULL pointer or
4165** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the
4166** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using
4167** P.  The T parameter should be a static string, preferably a string
4168** literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is part of the
4169** [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
4170**
4171** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
4172** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
4173** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
4174** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
4175** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
4176** result is undefined and probably harmful.
4177**
4178** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
4179** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
4180**
4181** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
4182** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
4183** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
4184** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
4185** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
4186** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
4187** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
4188**
4189** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
4190** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4191*/
4192int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
4193int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
4194                        void(*)(void*));
4195int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
4196int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
4197int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
4198int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4199int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
4200int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4201int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
4202                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4203int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
4204int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*));
4205int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
4206int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
4207
4208/*
4209** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
4210** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4211**
4212** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
4213** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
4214** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
4215** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
4216** to the parameters at a later time.
4217**
4218** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
4219** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
4220** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
4221** there may be gaps in the list.)^
4222**
4223** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4224** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
4225** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4226*/
4227int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
4228
4229/*
4230** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
4231** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4232**
4233** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
4234** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
4235** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4236** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4237** respectively.
4238** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
4239** is included as part of the name.)^
4240** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
4241** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
4242**
4243** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
4244**
4245** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
4246** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
4247** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
4248** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()],
4249** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4250**
4251** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4252** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4253** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4254*/
4255const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4256
4257/*
4258** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
4259** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4260**
4261** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
4262** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
4263** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
4264** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
4265** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
4266** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or
4267** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4268**
4269** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4270** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4271** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
4272*/
4273int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
4274
4275/*
4276** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
4277** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4278**
4279** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
4280** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
4281** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
4282*/
4283int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
4284
4285/*
4286** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
4287** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4288**
4289** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
4290** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
4291** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
4292** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
4293** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
4294** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
4295** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
4296**
4297** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
4298*/
4299int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4300
4301/*
4302** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
4303** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4304**
4305** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
4306** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
4307** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
4308** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
4309** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
4310** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
4311** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
4312**
4313** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
4314** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4315** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4316** or until the next call to
4317** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
4318**
4319** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
4320** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
4321** NULL pointer is returned.
4322**
4323** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
4324** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
4325** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
4326** one release of SQLite to the next.
4327*/
4328const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4329const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4330
4331/*
4332** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
4333** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4334**
4335** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
4336** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
4337** [SELECT] statement.
4338** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
4339** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
4340** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
4341** the origin_ routines return the column name.
4342** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
4343** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4344** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4345** or until the same information is requested
4346** again in a different encoding.
4347**
4348** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
4349** database, table, and column.
4350**
4351** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
4352** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
4353** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
4354** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
4355**
4356** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
4357** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
4358** NULL.  ^These routine might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
4359** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
4360** or column that query result column was extracted from.
4361**
4362** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4363** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4364**
4365** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4366** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4367**
4368** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
4369** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
4370** undefined.
4371**
4372** If two or more threads call one or more
4373** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4374** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4375** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4376*/
4377const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4378const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4379const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4380const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4381const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4382const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4383
4384/*
4385** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4386** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4387**
4388** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4389** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4390** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4391** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4392** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4393** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4394** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4395**
4396** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4397**
4398** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4399**
4400** and the following statement to be compiled:
4401**
4402** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4403**
4404** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4405** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4406**
4407** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4408** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4409** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4410** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4411** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4412** used to hold those values.
4413*/
4414const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4415const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4416
4417/*
4418** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4419** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4420**
4421** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of
4422** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
4423** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy
4424** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4425** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4426**
4427** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4428** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces
4429** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()],
4430** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4431** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4432** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4433** interface will continue to be supported.
4434**
4435** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4436** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4437** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4438** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4439**
4440** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4441** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4442** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4443** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4444** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4445** continuing.
4446**
4447** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4448** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4449** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4450** machine back to its initial state.
4451**
4452** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4453** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4454** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4455** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4456**
4457** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4458** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4459** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4460** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4461** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4462** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4463** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4464** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4465**
4466** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4467** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4468** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4469** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4470** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4471** more threads at the same moment in time.
4472**
4473** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4474** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4475** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4476** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4477** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4478** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4479** sqlite3_step() began
4480** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4481** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4482** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4483** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4484** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4485**
4486** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4487** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4488** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4489** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4490** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4491** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4492** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4493** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
4494** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead
4495** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4496** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4497** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended.
4498*/
4499int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4500
4501/*
4502** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4503** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4504**
4505** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4506** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4507** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4508** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of
4509** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4510** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4511** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4512** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4513** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4514** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4515** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4516** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4517**
4518** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4519*/
4520int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4521
4522/*
4523** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4524** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4525**
4526** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4527**
4528** <ul>
4529** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4530** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4531** <li> string
4532** <li> BLOB
4533** <li> NULL
4534** </ul>)^
4535**
4536** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4537**
4538** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4539** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4540** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4541** SQLITE_TEXT.
4542*/
4543#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4544#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4545#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4546#define SQLITE_NULL     5
4547#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4548# undef SQLITE_TEXT
4549#else
4550# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4551#endif
4552#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4553
4554/*
4555** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4556** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4557** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4558**
4559** <b>Summary:</b>
4560** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
4561** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB result
4562** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL result
4563** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER result
4564** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER result
4565** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT result
4566** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT result
4567** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an
4568** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
4569** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
4570** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
4571** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes
4572** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4573** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
4574** TEXT in bytes
4575** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
4576** datatype of the result
4577** </table></blockquote>
4578**
4579** <b>Details:</b>
4580**
4581** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4582** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4583** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4584** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4585** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4586** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4587** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4588** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4589**
4590** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4591** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4592** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4593** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4594** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4595** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4596** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4597** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4598** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4599** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4600** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4601**
4602** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16)
4603** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format.  If
4604** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example,
4605** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface
4606** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed.
4607**
4608** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4609** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4610** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4611** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].
4612** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which
4613** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value.
4614** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no
4615** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question.
4616** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type()
4617** is undefined, though harmless.  Future
4618** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4619** following a type conversion.
4620**
4621** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4622** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size
4623** of that BLOB or string.
4624**
4625** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4626** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4627** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4628** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4629** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4630** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4631** the number of bytes in that string.
4632** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4633**
4634** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4635** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4636** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4637** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4638** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4639** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4640** the number of bytes in that string.
4641** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4642**
4643** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4644** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4645** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4646** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4647** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4648**
4649** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4650** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4651** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4652**
4653** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4654** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4655** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4656** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4657** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4658** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4659** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4660** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4661** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface
4662** is normally only useful within the implementation of
4663** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within
4664** top-level application code.
4665**
4666** The these routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result.
4667** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4668** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4669** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4670** that are applied:
4671**
4672** <blockquote>
4673** <table border="1">
4674** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4675**
4676** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4677** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4678** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4679** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4680** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4681** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4682** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4683** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4684** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4685** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4686** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4687** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4688** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4689** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4690** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4691** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4692** </table>
4693** </blockquote>)^
4694**
4695** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4696** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4697** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4698** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4699** in the following cases:
4700**
4701** <ul>
4702** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4703**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4704**      need to be added to the string.</li>
4705** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4706**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4707**      to UTF-16.</li>
4708** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4709**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4710**      to UTF-8.</li>
4711** </ul>
4712**
4713** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4714** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4715** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4716** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4717** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4718**
4719** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4720** in one of the following ways:
4721**
4722** <ul>
4723**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4724**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4725**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4726** </ul>
4727**
4728** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4729** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4730** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4731** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4732** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4733** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4734** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4735**
4736** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4737** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4738** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4739** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do not pass the pointers returned
4740** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4741** [sqlite3_free()].
4742**
4743** As long as the input parameters are correct, these routines will only
4744** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
4745** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
4746** errors:
4747**
4748** <ul>
4749** <li> sqlite3_column_blob()
4750** <li> sqlite3_column_text()
4751** <li> sqlite3_column_text16()
4752** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes()
4753** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4754** </ul>
4755**
4756** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
4757** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
4758** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
4759** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
4760** return value is obtained and before any
4761** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
4762*/
4763const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4764double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4765int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4766sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4767const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4768const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4769sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4770int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4771int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4772int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4773
4774/*
4775** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4776** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4777**
4778** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4779** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4780** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4781** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4782** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4783** [extended error code].
4784**
4785** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4786** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4787** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4788** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4789** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4790** completed execution.
4791**
4792** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4793**
4794** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4795** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4796** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4797** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4798** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
4799*/
4800int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4801
4802/*
4803** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
4804** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4805**
4806** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
4807** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
4808** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
4809** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
4810** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
4811**
4812** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
4813** back to the beginning of its program.
4814**
4815** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4816** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
4817** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
4818** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
4819**
4820** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4821** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
4822** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
4823**
4824** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
4825** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
4826*/
4827int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4828
4829/*
4830** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
4831** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
4832** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
4833** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
4834** METHOD: sqlite3
4835**
4836** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
4837** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
4838** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between
4839** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding
4840** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being
4841** created) and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
4842** the application data pointer. Function sqlite3_create_window_function()
4843** is similar, but allows the user to supply the extra callback functions
4844** needed by [aggregate window functions].
4845**
4846** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
4847** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
4848** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
4849** to each database connection separately.
4850**
4851** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
4852** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
4853** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
4854** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
4855** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
4856** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
4857**
4858** ^The third parameter (nArg)
4859** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
4860** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
4861** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
4862** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
4863** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
4864** undefined.
4865**
4866** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
4867** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
4868** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
4869** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
4870** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
4871** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
4872** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
4873** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
4874** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
4875** each encoding.
4876** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
4877** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
4878**
4879** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
4880** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
4881** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
4882** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
4883** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
4884** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
4885** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
4886**
4887** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
4888** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from
4889** within VIEWs or TRIGGERs.  For security reasons, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
4890** flag is recommended for any application-defined SQL function that has
4891** side-effects.
4892**
4893** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
4894** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
4895**
4896** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three
4897** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
4898** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
4899** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
4900** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
4901** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
4902** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
4903** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
4904** callbacks.
4905**
4906** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue
4907** and xInverse) passed to sqlite3_create_window_function are pointers to
4908** C-language callbacks that implement the new function. xStep and xFinal
4909** must both be non-NULL. xValue and xInverse may either both be NULL, in
4910** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be
4911** non-NULL, in which case the new function may be used as either an aggregate
4912** or aggregate window function. More details regarding the implementation
4913** of aggregate window functions are
4914** [user-defined window functions|available here].
4915**
4916** ^(If the final parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() or
4917** sqlite3_create_window_function() is not NULL, then it is destructor for
4918** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function
4919** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection
4920** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
4921** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.  ^When the destructor callback is
4922** invoked, it is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application
4923** data pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
4924**
4925** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
4926** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
4927** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
4928** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
4929** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
4930** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
4931** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
4932** matches the database encoding is a better
4933** match than a function where the encoding is different.
4934** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
4935** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
4936** between UTF8 and UTF16.
4937**
4938** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
4939**
4940** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
4941** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
4942** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
4943** statement in which the function is running.
4944*/
4945int sqlite3_create_function(
4946  sqlite3 *db,
4947  const char *zFunctionName,
4948  int nArg,
4949  int eTextRep,
4950  void *pApp,
4951  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4952  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4953  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4954);
4955int sqlite3_create_function16(
4956  sqlite3 *db,
4957  const void *zFunctionName,
4958  int nArg,
4959  int eTextRep,
4960  void *pApp,
4961  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4962  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4963  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4964);
4965int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
4966  sqlite3 *db,
4967  const char *zFunctionName,
4968  int nArg,
4969  int eTextRep,
4970  void *pApp,
4971  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4972  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4973  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
4974  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4975);
4976int sqlite3_create_window_function(
4977  sqlite3 *db,
4978  const char *zFunctionName,
4979  int nArg,
4980  int eTextRep,
4981  void *pApp,
4982  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4983  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
4984  void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*),
4985  void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4986  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4987);
4988
4989/*
4990** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
4991**
4992** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
4993** text encodings supported by SQLite.
4994*/
4995#define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
4996#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
4997#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
4998#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
4999#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
5000#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
5001
5002/*
5003** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
5004**
5005** These constants may be ORed together with the
5006** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
5007** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
5008** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
5009**
5010** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function will always
5011** maps the same inputs into the same output.  The abs() function is
5012** deterministic, for example, but randomblob() is not.
5013**
5014** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
5015** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs.  This is
5016** a security feature which is recommended for all
5017** [application-defined SQL functions] that have side-effects.  This flag
5018** prevents an attacker from adding triggers and views to a schema then
5019** tricking a high-privilege application into causing unintended side-effects
5020** while performing ordinary queries.
5021**
5022** The SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function may call
5023** [sqlite3_value_subtype()] to inspect the sub-types of its arguments.
5024** Specifying this flag makes no difference for scalar or aggregate user
5025** functions. However, if it is not specified for a user-defined window
5026** function, then any sub-types belonging to arguments passed to the window
5027** function may be discarded before the window function is called (i.e.
5028** sqlite3_value_subtype() will always return 0).
5029*/
5030#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x000000800
5031#define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY       0x000080000
5032#define SQLITE_SUBTYPE          0x000100000
5033
5034/*
5035** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
5036** DEPRECATED
5037**
5038** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
5039** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
5040** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
5041** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
5042** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
5043*/
5044#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
5045SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
5046SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
5047SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
5048SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
5049SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
5050SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
5051                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
5052#endif
5053
5054/*
5055** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
5056** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5057**
5058** <b>Summary:</b>
5059** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
5060** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB value
5061** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL value
5062** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER value
5063** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER value
5064** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_pointer</b><td>&rarr;<td>Pointer value
5065** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT value
5066** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT value in
5067** the native byteorder
5068** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16be</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16be TEXT value
5069** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16le</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16le TEXT value
5070** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
5071** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
5072** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes
5073** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5074** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
5075** TEXT in bytes
5076** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
5077** datatype of the value
5078** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_numeric_type&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5079** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Best numeric datatype of the value
5080** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_nochange&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5081** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE
5082** against a virtual table.
5083** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_frombind&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5084** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if value originated from a [bound parameter]
5085** </table></blockquote>
5086**
5087** <b>Details:</b>
5088**
5089** These routines extract type, size, and content information from
5090** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  Protected sqlite3_value objects
5091** are used to pass parameter information into implementation of
5092** [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables].
5093**
5094** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
5095** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
5096** is not threadsafe.
5097**
5098** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
5099** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
5100** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
5101**
5102** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
5103** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
5104** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
5105** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
5106**
5107** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized
5108** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)]
5109** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y),
5110** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P.  ^Otherwise,
5111** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer()
5112** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5113**
5114** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the
5115** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the
5116** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
5117** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^
5118** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object.
5119** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and
5120** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that
5121** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return
5122** SQLITE_TEXT.  Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion
5123** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next.
5124**
5125** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
5126** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
5127** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
5128** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
5129** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
5130** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
5131** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
5132**
5133** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the
5134** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if
5135** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation
5136** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if
5137** and the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extracted
5138** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably
5139** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column
5140** was unchanging).  ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which
5141** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear
5142** to be a NULL value.  If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other
5143** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then
5144** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless.
5145**
5146** ^The sqlite3_value_frombind(X) interface returns non-zero if the
5147** value X originated from one of the [sqlite3_bind_int|sqlite3_bind()]
5148** interfaces.  ^If X comes from an SQL literal value, or a table column,
5149** and expression, then sqlite3_value_frombind(X) returns zero.
5150**
5151** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
5152** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
5153** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
5154** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
5155** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
5156**
5157** These routines must be called from the same thread as
5158** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
5159**
5160** As long as the input parameter is correct, these routines can only
5161** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
5162** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
5163** errors:
5164**
5165** <ul>
5166** <li> sqlite3_value_blob()
5167** <li> sqlite3_value_text()
5168** <li> sqlite3_value_text16()
5169** <li> sqlite3_value_text16le()
5170** <li> sqlite3_value_text16be()
5171** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes()
5172** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes16()
5173** </ul>
5174**
5175** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
5176** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
5177** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
5178** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
5179** return value is obtained and before any
5180** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
5181*/
5182const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
5183double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
5184int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
5185sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
5186void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*);
5187const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
5188const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
5189const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
5190const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
5191int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
5192int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
5193int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
5194int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
5195int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*);
5196int sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_value*);
5197
5198/*
5199** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
5200** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5201**
5202** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
5203** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
5204** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
5205** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
5206** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
5207*/
5208unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
5209
5210/*
5211** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
5212** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5213**
5214** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5215** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
5216** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
5217** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
5218** memory allocation fails.
5219**
5220** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
5221** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
5222** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
5223*/
5224sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
5225void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
5226
5227/*
5228** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
5229** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5230**
5231** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
5232** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
5233**
5234** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
5235** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite
5236** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
5237** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
5238** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
5239** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
5240** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
5241** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
5242** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
5243** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
5244** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
5245** first time from within xFinal().)^
5246**
5247** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
5248** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
5249** allocate error occurs.
5250**
5251** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
5252** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
5253** value of N in subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
5254** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
5255** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
5256** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
5257** pointless memory allocations occur.
5258**
5259** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
5260** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
5261**
5262** The first parameter must be a copy of the
5263** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
5264** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
5265** function.
5266**
5267** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5268** the aggregate SQL function is running.
5269*/
5270void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
5271
5272/*
5273** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
5274** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5275**
5276** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
5277** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
5278** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5279** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5280** registered the application defined function.
5281**
5282** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5283** the application-defined function is running.
5284*/
5285void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
5286
5287/*
5288** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
5289** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5290**
5291** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
5292** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
5293** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5294** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5295** registered the application defined function.
5296*/
5297sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
5298
5299/*
5300** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
5301** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5302**
5303** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
5304** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
5305** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
5306** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
5307** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
5308** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
5309** metadata associated with the pattern string.
5310** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
5311** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
5312** invocations of the same function.
5313**
5314** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata
5315** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument
5316** value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero for the left-most
5317** function argument.  ^If there is no metadata
5318** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface
5319** returns a NULL pointer.
5320**
5321** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
5322** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
5323** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
5324** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
5325** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
5326** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
5327** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
5328** once, when the metadata is discarded.
5329** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
5330** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
5331** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
5332**      SQL statement)^, or
5333** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
5334**       parameter)^, or
5335** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
5336**      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
5337**
5338** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
5339** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
5340** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
5341** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
5342** function implementation should not make any use of P after
5343** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
5344**
5345** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
5346** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
5347** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
5348**
5349** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative.
5350** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new
5351** kinds of function caching behavior.
5352**
5353** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
5354** the SQL function is running.
5355*/
5356void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
5357void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
5358
5359
5360/*
5361** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
5362**
5363** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
5364** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
5365** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
5366** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
5367** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
5368** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
5369** the content before returning.
5370**
5371** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
5372** C++ compilers.
5373*/
5374typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
5375#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
5376#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
5377
5378/*
5379** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
5380** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5381**
5382** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
5383** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
5384** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
5385** for additional information.
5386**
5387** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
5388** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
5389** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
5390**
5391** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
5392** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
5393** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
5394** third parameter.
5395**
5396** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
5397** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
5398** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
5399**
5400** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
5401** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
5402** by its 2nd argument.
5403**
5404** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
5405** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
5406** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
5407** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
5408** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
5409** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
5410** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 in native
5411** byte order.  ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
5412** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
5413** message all text up through the first zero character.
5414** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
5415** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
5416** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
5417** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
5418** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
5419** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
5420** modify the text after they return without harm.
5421** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
5422** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
5423** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
5424** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
5425**
5426** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5427** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
5428**
5429** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5430** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
5431**
5432** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
5433** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
5434** value given in the 2nd argument.
5435** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
5436** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
5437** value given in the 2nd argument.
5438**
5439** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
5440** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
5441**
5442** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
5443** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
5444** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
5445** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
5446** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
5447** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
5448** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
5449** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
5450** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
5451** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
5452** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
5453** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5454** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
5455** through the first zero character.
5456** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5457** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
5458** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
5459** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
5460** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
5461** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
5462** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
5463** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
5464** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
5465** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5466** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
5467** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
5468** finished using that result.
5469** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
5470** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
5471** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
5472** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
5473** when it has finished using that result.
5474** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5475** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
5476** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained
5477** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
5478**
5479** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
5480** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
5481** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
5482** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5483** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
5484** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
5485** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
5486** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
5487** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
5488**
5489** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an
5490** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it
5491** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that
5492** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an
5493** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()].
5494** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor
5495** for the P parameter.  ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument
5496** when SQLite is finished with P.  The T parameter should be a static
5497** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer()
5498** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5499**
5500** If these routines are called from within the different thread
5501** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
5502** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
5503*/
5504void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5505void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
5506                           sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
5507void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
5508void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
5509void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
5510void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
5511void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
5512void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
5513void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
5514void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
5515void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
5516void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
5517void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
5518                           void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
5519void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5520void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5521void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5522void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
5523void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*));
5524void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
5525int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
5526
5527
5528/*
5529** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
5530** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5531**
5532** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
5533** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
5534** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
5535** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
5536** higher order bits are discarded.
5537** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
5538** in future releases of SQLite.
5539*/
5540void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
5541
5542/*
5543** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
5544** METHOD: sqlite3
5545**
5546** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
5547** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
5548**
5549** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
5550** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
5551** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
5552** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
5553** considered to be the same name.
5554**
5555** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
5556** <ul>
5557** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
5558** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
5559** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5560** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
5561** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
5562** </ul>)^
5563** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
5564** to the collating function callback, xCallback.
5565** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
5566** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
5567** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
5568** on an even byte address.
5569**
5570** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5571** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5572**
5573** ^The fifth argument, xCallback, is a pointer to the collating function.
5574** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5575** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5576** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5577** ^If the xCallback argument is NULL then the collating function is
5578** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5579** that collation is no longer usable.
5580**
5581** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5582** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5583** by the eTextRep argument.  The collating function must return an
5584** integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5585** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5586** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5587** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5588** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5589** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5590** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5591** strings A, B, and C:
5592**
5593** <ol>
5594** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5595** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5596** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5597** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5598** </ol>
5599**
5600** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5601** collating function is  registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5602** is undefined.
5603**
5604** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5605** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5606** the collating function is deleted.
5607** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5608** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5609** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5610**
5611** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5612** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5613** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5614** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5615** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5616** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5617** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5618** compatibility.
5619**
5620** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5621*/
5622int sqlite3_create_collation(
5623  sqlite3*,
5624  const char *zName,
5625  int eTextRep,
5626  void *pArg,
5627  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5628);
5629int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5630  sqlite3*,
5631  const char *zName,
5632  int eTextRep,
5633  void *pArg,
5634  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5635  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5636);
5637int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5638  sqlite3*,
5639  const void *zName,
5640  int eTextRep,
5641  void *pArg,
5642  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5643);
5644
5645/*
5646** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5647** METHOD: sqlite3
5648**
5649** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5650** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5651** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5652** sequence is required.
5653**
5654** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5655** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5656** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5657** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5658** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5659**
5660** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5661** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5662** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5663** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5664** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5665** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5666** required collation sequence.)^
5667**
5668** The callback function should register the desired collation using
5669** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
5670** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
5671*/
5672int sqlite3_collation_needed(
5673  sqlite3*,
5674  void*,
5675  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
5676);
5677int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
5678  sqlite3*,
5679  void*,
5680  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
5681);
5682
5683#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
5684/*
5685** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
5686** called right after sqlite3_open().
5687**
5688** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5689** of SQLite.
5690*/
5691int sqlite3_key(
5692  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5693  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5694);
5695int sqlite3_key_v2(
5696  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5697  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5698  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5699);
5700
5701/*
5702** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
5703** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
5704** database is decrypted.
5705**
5706** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5707** of SQLite.
5708*/
5709int sqlite3_rekey(
5710  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5711  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5712);
5713int sqlite3_rekey_v2(
5714  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5715  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5716  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5717);
5718
5719/*
5720** Specify the activation key for a SEE database.  Unless
5721** activated, none of the SEE routines will work.
5722*/
5723void sqlite3_activate_see(
5724  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5725);
5726#endif
5727
5728#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
5729/*
5730** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
5731** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
5732*/
5733void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
5734  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5735);
5736#endif
5737
5738/*
5739** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
5740**
5741** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
5742** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
5743**
5744** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
5745** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
5746** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
5747** requested from the operating system is returned.
5748**
5749** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
5750** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
5751** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
5752** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
5753** in the previous paragraphs.
5754*/
5755int sqlite3_sleep(int);
5756
5757/*
5758** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
5759**
5760** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5761** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
5762** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
5763** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
5764** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
5765** temporary file directory.
5766**
5767** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
5768** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
5769** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
5770** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
5771** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
5772** be avoided in new projects.
5773**
5774** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5775** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5776** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5777** thread.
5778** It is intended that this variable be set once
5779** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5780** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5781** thereafter.
5782**
5783** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5784** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5785** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5786** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5787** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5788** using [sqlite3_free].
5789** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5790** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5791** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5792** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
5793** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
5794** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
5795** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
5796** objects have been destroyed.
5797**
5798** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
5799** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
5800** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
5801** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
5802**
5803** <blockquote><pre>
5804** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
5805** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
5806** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
5807** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
5808** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
5809** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
5810** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
5811** </pre></blockquote>
5812*/
5813SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
5814
5815/*
5816** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
5817**
5818** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5819** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
5820** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
5821** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
5822** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
5823** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
5824** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
5825** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
5826** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
5827**
5828** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
5829** open can result in a corrupt database.
5830**
5831** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5832** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5833** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5834** thread.
5835** It is intended that this variable be set once
5836** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5837** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5838** thereafter.
5839**
5840** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5841** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5842** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5843** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5844** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5845** using [sqlite3_free].
5846** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5847** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5848** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5849*/
5850SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
5851
5852/*
5853** CAPI3REF: Win32 Specific Interface
5854**
5855** These interfaces are available only on Windows.  The
5856** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface is used to set the value associated
5857** with the [sqlite3_temp_directory] or [sqlite3_data_directory] variable, to
5858** zValue, depending on the value of the type parameter.  The zValue parameter
5859** should be NULL to cause the previous value to be freed via [sqlite3_free];
5860** a non-NULL value will be copied into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5861** prior to being used.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface returns
5862** [SQLITE_OK] to indicate success, [SQLITE_ERROR] if the type is unsupported,
5863** or [SQLITE_NOMEM] if memory could not be allocated.  The value of the
5864** [sqlite3_data_directory] variable is intended to act as a replacement for
5865** the current directory on the sub-platforms of Win32 where that concept is
5866** not present, e.g. WinRT and UWP.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory8] and
5867** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory16] interfaces behave exactly the same as the
5868** sqlite3_win32_set_directory interface except the string parameter must be
5869** UTF-8 or UTF-16, respectively.
5870*/
5871int sqlite3_win32_set_directory(
5872  unsigned long type, /* Identifier for directory being set or reset */
5873  void *zValue        /* New value for directory being set or reset */
5874);
5875int sqlite3_win32_set_directory8(unsigned long type, const char *zValue);
5876int sqlite3_win32_set_directory16(unsigned long type, const void *zValue);
5877
5878/*
5879** CAPI3REF: Win32 Directory Types
5880**
5881** These macros are only available on Windows.  They define the allowed values
5882** for the type argument to the [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface.
5883*/
5884#define SQLITE_WIN32_DATA_DIRECTORY_TYPE  1
5885#define SQLITE_WIN32_TEMP_DIRECTORY_TYPE  2
5886
5887/*
5888** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
5889** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
5890** METHOD: sqlite3
5891**
5892** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
5893** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
5894** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
5895** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
5896** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
5897**
5898** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
5899** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
5900** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
5901** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
5902** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
5903** an error is to use this function.
5904**
5905** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
5906** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
5907** is undefined.
5908*/
5909int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
5910
5911/*
5912** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
5913** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5914**
5915** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
5916** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
5917** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
5918** that was the first argument
5919** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
5920** create the statement in the first place.
5921*/
5922sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
5923
5924/*
5925** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
5926** METHOD: sqlite3
5927**
5928** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename
5929** associated with database N of connection D.  ^The main database file
5930** has the name "main".  If there is no attached database N on the database
5931** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
5932** this function will return either a NULL pointer or an empty string.
5933**
5934** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
5935** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
5936** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
5937** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
5938*/
5939const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5940
5941/*
5942** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
5943** METHOD: sqlite3
5944**
5945** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
5946** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
5947** the name of a database on connection D.
5948*/
5949int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5950
5951/*
5952** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
5953** METHOD: sqlite3
5954**
5955** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
5956** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
5957** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
5958** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
5959** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
5960**
5961** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
5962** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
5963** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
5964*/
5965sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5966
5967/*
5968** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
5969** METHOD: sqlite3
5970**
5971** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
5972** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
5973** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
5974** for the same database connection is overridden.
5975** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
5976** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
5977** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
5978** for the same database connection is overridden.
5979** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
5980** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
5981** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
5982**
5983** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
5984** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
5985** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5986** the first call for each function on D.
5987**
5988** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
5989** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
5990** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
5991** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5992** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
5993** or rollback hook in the first place.
5994** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
5995** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
5996** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5997**
5998** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
5999**
6000** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
6001** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
6002** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
6003** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
6004** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
6005**
6006** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
6007** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
6008** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
6009** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
6010** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
6011**
6012** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
6013*/
6014void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
6015void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
6016
6017/*
6018** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
6019** METHOD: sqlite3
6020**
6021** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
6022** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
6023** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
6024** a [rowid table].
6025** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
6026** for the same database connection is overridden.
6027**
6028** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
6029** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
6030** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
6031** to sqlite3_update_hook().
6032** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
6033** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
6034** to be invoked.
6035** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
6036** database and table name containing the affected row.
6037** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
6038** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
6039**
6040** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
6041** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).)^
6042** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
6043**
6044** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
6045** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
6046** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
6047** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
6048** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
6049** release of SQLite.
6050**
6051** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
6052** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
6053** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6054** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
6055** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
6056** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6057**
6058** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
6059** returns the P argument from the previous call
6060** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6061** the first call on D.
6062**
6063** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
6064** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
6065*/
6066void *sqlite3_update_hook(
6067  sqlite3*,
6068  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
6069  void*
6070);
6071
6072/*
6073** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
6074**
6075** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
6076** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
6077** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
6078** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
6079**
6080** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
6081** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
6082** In prior versions of SQLite,
6083** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
6084**
6085** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
6086** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
6087** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode
6088** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
6089**
6090** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
6091** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
6092**
6093** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
6094** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
6095** cache setting should set it explicitly.
6096**
6097** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
6098** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
6099** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
6100** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
6101**
6102** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
6103** 32-bit integer is atomic.
6104**
6105** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
6106*/
6107int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
6108
6109/*
6110** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
6111**
6112** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
6113** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
6114** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
6115** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
6116** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
6117** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
6118** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
6119** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
6120**
6121** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
6122*/
6123int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
6124
6125/*
6126** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
6127** METHOD: sqlite3
6128**
6129** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
6130** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
6131** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
6132** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
6133** omitted.
6134**
6135** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
6136*/
6137int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
6138
6139/*
6140** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
6141**
6142** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
6143** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
6144** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
6145** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
6146** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
6147** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
6148** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
6149** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
6150** is advisory only.
6151**
6152** ^The return value from sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() is the size of
6153** the soft heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
6154** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
6155** then no change is made to the soft heap limit.  Hence, the current
6156** size of the soft heap limit can be determined by invoking
6157** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() with a negative argument.
6158**
6159** ^If the argument N is zero then the soft heap limit is disabled.
6160**
6161** ^(The soft heap limit is not enforced in the current implementation
6162** if one or more of following conditions are true:
6163**
6164** <ul>
6165** <li> The soft heap limit is set to zero.
6166** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
6167**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
6168**      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
6169** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
6170**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
6171** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
6172**      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
6173**      from the heap.
6174** </ul>)^
6175**
6176** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.7.3] ([dateof:3.7.3]),
6177** the soft heap limit is enforced
6178** regardless of whether or not the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]
6179** compile-time option is invoked.  With [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT],
6180** the soft heap limit is enforced on every memory allocation.  Without
6181** [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT], the soft heap limit is only enforced
6182** when memory is allocated by the page cache.  Testing suggests that because
6183** the page cache is the predominate memory user in SQLite, most
6184** applications will achieve adequate soft heap limit enforcement without
6185** the use of [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
6186**
6187** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the soft heap limit may
6188** changes in future releases of SQLite.
6189*/
6190sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6191
6192/*
6193** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
6194** DEPRECATED
6195**
6196** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
6197** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
6198** only.  All new applications should use the
6199** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
6200*/
6201SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
6202
6203
6204/*
6205** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
6206** METHOD: sqlite3
6207**
6208** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
6209** information about column C of table T in database D
6210** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
6211** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
6212** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
6213** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
6214** SQLITE_ERROR and if the specified column does not exist.
6215** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
6216** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
6217** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
6218** does not.  If the table name parameter T in a call to
6219** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is
6220** undefined behavior.
6221**
6222** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
6223** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
6224** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
6225** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
6226** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
6227** resolve unqualified table references.
6228**
6229** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
6230** name of the desired column, respectively.
6231**
6232** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
6233** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
6234** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
6235**
6236** ^(<blockquote>
6237** <table border="1">
6238** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
6239**
6240** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
6241** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
6242** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
6243** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
6244** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
6245** </table>
6246** </blockquote>)^
6247**
6248** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
6249** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
6250** call to any SQLite API function.
6251**
6252** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
6253**
6254** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
6255** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
6256** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
6257** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
6258** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
6259** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
6260**
6261** <pre>
6262**     data type: "INTEGER"
6263**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
6264**     not null: 0
6265**     primary key: 1
6266**     auto increment: 0
6267** </pre>)^
6268**
6269** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
6270** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
6271** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
6272*/
6273int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
6274  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
6275  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
6276  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
6277  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
6278  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
6279  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
6280  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
6281  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
6282  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
6283);
6284
6285/*
6286** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
6287** METHOD: sqlite3
6288**
6289** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
6290**
6291** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
6292** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
6293** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
6294** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
6295** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
6296** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
6297** be tried also.
6298**
6299** ^The entry point is zProc.
6300** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
6301** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
6302** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
6303** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
6304** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
6305** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
6306** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
6307** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
6308** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
6309** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
6310** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
6311** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
6312** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
6313**
6314** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
6315** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
6316** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
6317** prior to calling this API,
6318** otherwise an error will be returned.
6319**
6320** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
6321** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
6322** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
6323** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
6324** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6325** access to extension loading capabilities.
6326**
6327** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
6328*/
6329int sqlite3_load_extension(
6330  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
6331  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
6332  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
6333  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
6334);
6335
6336/*
6337** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
6338** METHOD: sqlite3
6339**
6340** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
6341** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
6342** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
6343** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
6344**
6345** ^Extension loading is off by default.
6346** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
6347** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
6348** it back off again.
6349**
6350** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
6351** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
6352** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
6353** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
6354**
6355** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
6356** be disabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
6357** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
6358** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6359** access to extension loading capabilities.
6360*/
6361int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
6362
6363/*
6364** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
6365**
6366** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
6367** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
6368** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
6369** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
6370**
6371** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
6372** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
6373** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
6374** entry point where as follows:
6375**
6376** <blockquote><pre>
6377** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
6378** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
6379** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
6380** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
6381** &nbsp;  );
6382** </pre></blockquote>)^
6383**
6384** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
6385** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
6386** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
6387** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
6388** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
6389** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
6390** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
6391**
6392** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
6393** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
6394** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
6395**
6396** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
6397** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
6398*/
6399int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6400
6401/*
6402** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
6403**
6404** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
6405** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
6406** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
6407** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
6408** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
6409** routines.
6410*/
6411int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6412
6413/*
6414** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
6415**
6416** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
6417** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
6418*/
6419void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
6420
6421/*
6422** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
6423** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6424** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6425**
6426** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6427** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6428*/
6429
6430/*
6431** Structures used by the virtual table interface
6432*/
6433typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
6434typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
6435typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
6436typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
6437
6438/*
6439** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
6440** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
6441**
6442** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
6443** defines the implementation of a [virtual tables].
6444** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
6445**
6446** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
6447** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
6448** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
6449** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
6450** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
6451** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
6452** any database connection.
6453*/
6454struct sqlite3_module {
6455  int iVersion;
6456  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6457               int argc, const char *const*argv,
6458               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6459  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6460               int argc, const char *const*argv,
6461               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6462  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
6463  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6464  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6465  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
6466  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6467  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
6468                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
6469  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6470  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6471  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
6472  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
6473  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
6474  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6475  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6476  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6477  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6478  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
6479                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
6480                       void **ppArg);
6481  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
6482  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
6483  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
6484  int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6485  int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6486  int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6487  /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object.
6488  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */
6489  int (*xShadowName)(const char*);
6490};
6491
6492/*
6493** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
6494** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
6495**
6496** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
6497** of the [virtual table] interface to
6498** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
6499** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
6500** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
6501** results into the **Outputs** fields.
6502**
6503** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
6504**
6505** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
6506**
6507** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
6508** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
6509** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
6510** ^(The index of the column is stored in
6511** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
6512** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
6513** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
6514**
6515** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
6516** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
6517** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
6518** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
6519** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
6520**
6521** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
6522** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
6523**
6524** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
6525** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
6526** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
6527** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
6528** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
6529** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
6530** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
6531** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
6532** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
6533** non-zero.
6534**
6535** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
6536** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
6537** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
6538** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
6539** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
6540** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.)^
6541**
6542** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
6543** [xFilter] method.
6544** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
6545** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
6546**
6547** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
6548** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
6549** sorting step is required.
6550**
6551** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
6552** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
6553** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
6554** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
6555** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
6556**
6557** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
6558** will be returned by the strategy.
6559**
6560** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
6561** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
6562** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
6563** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
6564**
6565** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
6566** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
6567** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
6568** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
6569** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
6570** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
6571** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
6572** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
6573** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
6574**
6575** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
6576** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
6577** If a virtual table extension is
6578** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
6579** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
6580** to included crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
6581** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
6582** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
6583** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
6584** It may therefore only be used if
6585** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
6586** 3009000.
6587*/
6588struct sqlite3_index_info {
6589  /* Inputs */
6590  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
6591  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
6592     int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
6593     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
6594     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
6595     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
6596  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
6597  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
6598  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
6599     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
6600     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
6601  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
6602  /* Outputs */
6603  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
6604    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
6605    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
6606  } *aConstraintUsage;
6607  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
6608  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
6609  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
6610  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
6611  double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
6612  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
6613  sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
6614  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
6615  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
6616  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
6617  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
6618};
6619
6620/*
6621** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
6622**
6623** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the
6624** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
6625** these bits.
6626*/
6627#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
6628
6629/*
6630** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
6631**
6632** These macros defined the allowed values for the
6633** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
6634** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
6635** a query that uses a [virtual table].
6636*/
6637#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ         2
6638#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT         4
6639#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE         8
6640#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT        16
6641#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE        32
6642#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH     64
6643#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE      65
6644#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB      66
6645#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP    67
6646#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE        68
6647#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT     69
6648#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70
6649#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL    71
6650#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS        72
6651#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION 150
6652
6653/*
6654** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
6655** METHOD: sqlite3
6656**
6657** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
6658** ^Module names must be registered before
6659** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
6660** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
6661**
6662** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
6663** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
6664** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
6665** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
6666** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
6667** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
6668** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
6669**
6670** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
6671** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
6672** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
6673** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
6674** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
6675** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
6676** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
6677** destructor.
6678**
6679** ^If the third parameter (the pointer to the sqlite3_module object) is
6680** NULL then no new module is create and any existing modules with the
6681** same name are dropped.
6682**
6683** See also: [sqlite3_drop_modules()]
6684*/
6685int sqlite3_create_module(
6686  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6687  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6688  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6689  void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6690);
6691int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
6692  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6693  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6694  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6695  void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6696  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
6697);
6698
6699/*
6700** CAPI3REF: Remove Unnecessary Virtual Table Implementations
6701** METHOD: sqlite3
6702**
6703** ^The sqlite3_drop_modules(D,L) interface removes all virtual
6704** table modules from database connection D except those named on list L.
6705** The L parameter must be either NULL or a pointer to an array of pointers
6706** to strings where the array is terminated by a single NULL pointer.
6707** ^If the L parameter is NULL, then all virtual table modules are removed.
6708**
6709** See also: [sqlite3_create_module()]
6710*/
6711int sqlite3_drop_modules(
6712  sqlite3 *db,                /* Remove modules from this connection */
6713  const char **azKeep         /* Except, do not remove the ones named here */
6714);
6715
6716/*
6717** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
6718** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
6719**
6720** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
6721** of this object to describe a particular instance
6722** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
6723** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
6724** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
6725** common to all module implementations.
6726**
6727** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
6728** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
6729** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
6730** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
6731** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
6732** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
6733*/
6734struct sqlite3_vtab {
6735  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
6736  int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
6737  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
6738  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6739};
6740
6741/*
6742** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
6743** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
6744**
6745** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
6746** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
6747** [virtual table] and are used
6748** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
6749** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
6750** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
6751** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
6752** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
6753** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
6754**
6755** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
6756** are common to all implementations.
6757*/
6758struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
6759  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
6760  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6761};
6762
6763/*
6764** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
6765**
6766** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
6767** [virtual table module] call this interface
6768** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
6769** the virtual tables they implement.
6770*/
6771int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
6772
6773/*
6774** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
6775** METHOD: sqlite3
6776**
6777** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
6778** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
6779** But global versions of those functions
6780** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
6781**
6782** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
6783** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
6784** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
6785** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
6786** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
6787** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
6788** by a [virtual table].
6789*/
6790int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
6791
6792/*
6793** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
6794** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
6795** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6796** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6797**
6798** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6799** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6800*/
6801
6802/*
6803** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
6804** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
6805**
6806** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
6807** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
6808** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
6809** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6810** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
6811** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
6812** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
6813*/
6814typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
6815
6816/*
6817** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
6818** METHOD: sqlite3
6819** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6820**
6821** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
6822** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
6823** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
6824**
6825** <pre>
6826**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
6827** </pre>)^
6828**
6829** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
6830** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
6831** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
6832** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
6833** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
6834**
6835** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
6836** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
6837** read-only access.
6838**
6839** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
6840** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
6841** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
6842** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
6843** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
6844**
6845** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
6846** <ul>
6847**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
6848**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
6849**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
6850**   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
6851**   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
6852**   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
6853**         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
6854**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
6855**         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
6856**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
6857**         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
6858**         being opened for read/write access)^.
6859** </ul>
6860**
6861** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
6862** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6863** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6864**
6865** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
6866** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
6867** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
6868** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
6869** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
6870** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
6871**
6872** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
6873** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
6874** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
6875** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
6876** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
6877** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
6878** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6879** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
6880** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
6881** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
6882**
6883** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
6884** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
6885** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
6886** blob.
6887**
6888** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
6889** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
6890** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
6891**
6892** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
6893** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6894**
6895** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
6896** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
6897** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6898*/
6899int sqlite3_blob_open(
6900  sqlite3*,
6901  const char *zDb,
6902  const char *zTable,
6903  const char *zColumn,
6904  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
6905  int flags,
6906  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
6907);
6908
6909/*
6910** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
6911** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6912**
6913** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
6914** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
6915** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
6916** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
6917** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
6918** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
6919**
6920** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
6921** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
6922** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
6923** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
6924** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
6925** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
6926** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
6927** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
6928** always returns zero.
6929**
6930** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
6931*/
6932int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
6933
6934/*
6935** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
6936** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6937**
6938** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
6939** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
6940** handle is still closed.)^
6941**
6942** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
6943** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
6944** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
6945** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
6946** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
6947**
6948** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
6949** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
6950** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
6951** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
6952** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
6953** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
6954*/
6955int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
6956
6957/*
6958** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
6959** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6960**
6961** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
6962** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
6963** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
6964** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
6965**
6966** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6967** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6968** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6969** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6970*/
6971int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
6972
6973/*
6974** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
6975** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6976**
6977** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
6978** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
6979** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6980**
6981** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6982** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
6983** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
6984** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
6985** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
6986**
6987** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6988** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6989**
6990** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
6991** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6992**
6993** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6994** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6995** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6996** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6997**
6998** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6999*/
7000int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
7001
7002/*
7003** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
7004** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7005**
7006** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
7007** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
7008** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7009**
7010** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
7011** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7012** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
7013** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7014** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7015**
7016** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
7017** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
7018** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
7019**
7020** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
7021** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
7022** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7023** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
7024** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
7025** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
7026** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
7027**
7028** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7029** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
7030** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
7031** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
7032** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
7033** or by other independent statements.
7034**
7035** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7036** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7037** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7038** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7039**
7040** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
7041*/
7042int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
7043
7044/*
7045** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
7046**
7047** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
7048** that SQLite uses to interact
7049** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
7050** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
7051** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
7052** The following interfaces are provided.
7053**
7054** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
7055** ^Names are case sensitive.
7056** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
7057** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
7058** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
7059**
7060** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
7061** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
7062** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
7063** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
7064** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
7065** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
7066** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
7067** then the behavior is undefined.
7068**
7069** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
7070** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
7071** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
7072*/
7073sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
7074int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
7075int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
7076
7077/*
7078** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
7079**
7080** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
7081** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
7082** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
7083** permitted to use any of these routines.
7084**
7085** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
7086** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
7087** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
7088** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
7089**
7090** <ul>
7091** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
7092** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
7093** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
7094** </ul>
7095**
7096** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
7097** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
7098** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
7099** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
7100** and Windows.
7101**
7102** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
7103** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
7104** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
7105** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
7106** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
7107** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
7108** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
7109**
7110** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
7111** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7112** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
7113** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
7114** integer constants:
7115**
7116** <ul>
7117** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7118** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7119** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
7120** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
7121** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
7122** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
7123** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
7124** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
7125** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
7126** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
7127** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
7128** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
7129** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
7130** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
7131** </ul>
7132**
7133** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
7134** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
7135** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7136** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
7137** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
7138** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
7139** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
7140** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
7141** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
7142** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
7143**
7144** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
7145** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
7146** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
7147** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
7148** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
7149** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
7150** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
7151** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
7152**
7153** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7154** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7155** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
7156** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
7157** the same type number.
7158**
7159** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
7160** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
7161** mutex results in undefined behavior.
7162**
7163** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
7164** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
7165** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
7166** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
7167** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
7168** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
7169** In such cases, the
7170** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
7171** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
7172** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
7173**
7174** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
7175** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
7176** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
7177** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
7178** behavior.)^
7179**
7180** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
7181** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
7182** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
7183** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
7184**
7185** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
7186** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
7187** behave as no-ops.
7188**
7189** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
7190*/
7191sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
7192void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
7193void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
7194int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
7195void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
7196
7197/*
7198** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
7199**
7200** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
7201** used to allocate and use mutexes.
7202**
7203** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
7204** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
7205** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
7206** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
7207** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
7208** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
7209** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
7210** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
7211** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
7212**
7213** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
7214** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
7215** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
7216** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
7217**
7218** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
7219** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
7220** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
7221** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
7222** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
7223** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7224**
7225** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
7226** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
7227** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
7228**
7229** <ul>
7230**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
7231**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
7232**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
7233**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
7234**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
7235**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
7236**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
7237** </ul>)^
7238**
7239** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
7240** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
7241** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
7242** by this structure are not required to handle this case, the results
7243** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
7244** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
7245** it is passed a NULL pointer).
7246**
7247** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
7248** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
7249** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
7250** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
7251**
7252** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
7253** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
7254** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
7255** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
7256**
7257** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
7258** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
7259** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
7260** prior to returning.
7261*/
7262typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
7263struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
7264  int (*xMutexInit)(void);
7265  int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
7266  sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
7267  void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7268  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7269  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7270  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7271  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7272  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7273};
7274
7275/*
7276** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
7277**
7278** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
7279** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
7280** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
7281** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
7282** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
7283** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
7284** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
7285** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
7286**
7287** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
7288** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
7289**
7290** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
7291** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
7292** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
7293** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
7294**
7295** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
7296** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
7297** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
7298** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
7299** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
7300** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
7301** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
7302** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
7303*/
7304#ifndef NDEBUG
7305int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
7306int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
7307#endif
7308
7309/*
7310** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
7311**
7312** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
7313** which is one of these integer constants.
7314**
7315** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
7316** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
7317** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
7318*/
7319#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
7320#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
7321#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
7322#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
7323#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
7324#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
7325#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
7326#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
7327#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
7328#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
7329#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
7330#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
7331#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
7332#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
7333#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
7334#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
7335
7336/*
7337** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
7338** METHOD: sqlite3
7339**
7340** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
7341** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
7342** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
7343** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
7344** routine returns a NULL pointer.
7345*/
7346sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
7347
7348/*
7349** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
7350** METHOD: sqlite3
7351** KEYWORDS: {file control}
7352**
7353** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
7354** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
7355** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
7356** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
7357** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
7358** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
7359** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
7360** main database file.
7361** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
7362** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
7363** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
7364** method becomes the return value of this routine.
7365**
7366** A few opcodes for [sqlite3_file_control()] are handled directly
7367** by the SQLite core and never invoke the
7368** sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
7369** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes
7370** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
7371** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  The
7372** [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] works similarly except that it returns
7373** the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file instead of
7374** the main database.  The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode returns
7375** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_vfs] object for the file.
7376** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] returns the data version counter
7377** from the pager.
7378**
7379** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
7380** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
7381** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
7382** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
7383** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
7384** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
7385** xFileControl method.
7386**
7387** See also: [file control opcodes]
7388*/
7389int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
7390
7391/*
7392** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
7393**
7394** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
7395** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
7396** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
7397** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
7398**
7399** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
7400** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
7401** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
7402**
7403** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
7404** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
7405** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
7406** operate consistently from one release to the next.
7407*/
7408int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
7409
7410/*
7411** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
7412**
7413** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
7414** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
7415**
7416** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
7417** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
7418** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
7419** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
7420*/
7421#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
7422#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
7423#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
7424#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7  /* NOT USED */
7425#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
7426#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
7427#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
7428#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
7429#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
7430#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
7431#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14
7432#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
7433#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16  /* NOT USED */
7434#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17  /* NOT USED */
7435#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS      17
7436#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
7437#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
7438#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
7439#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
7440#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
7441#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
7442#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
7443#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
7444#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
7445#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE         26
7446#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL          27
7447#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED               28
7448#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS     29
7449#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    29  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
7450
7451/*
7452** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking
7453**
7454** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords
7455** recognized by SQLite.  Applications can uses these routines to determine
7456** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example,
7457** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser.
7458**
7459** The sqlite3_keyword_count() interface returns the number of distinct
7460** keywords understood by SQLite.
7461**
7462** The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) interface finds the N-th keyword and
7463** makes *Z point to that keyword expressed as UTF8 and writes the number
7464** of bytes in the keyword into *L.  The string that *Z points to is not
7465** zero-terminated.  The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) routine returns
7466** SQLITE_OK if N is within bounds and SQLITE_ERROR if not. If either Z
7467** or L are NULL or invalid pointers then calls to
7468** sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) result in undefined behavior.
7469**
7470** The sqlite3_keyword_check(Z,L) interface checks to see whether or not
7471** the L-byte UTF8 identifier that Z points to is a keyword, returning non-zero
7472** if it is and zero if not.
7473**
7474** The parser used by SQLite is forgiving.  It is often possible to use
7475** a keyword as an identifier as long as such use does not result in a
7476** parsing ambiguity.  For example, the statement
7477** "CREATE TABLE BEGIN(REPLACE,PRAGMA,END);" is accepted by SQLite, and
7478** creates a new table named "BEGIN" with three columns named
7479** "REPLACE", "PRAGMA", and "END".  Nevertheless, best practice is to avoid
7480** using keywords as identifiers.  Common techniques used to avoid keyword
7481** name collisions include:
7482** <ul>
7483** <li> Put all identifier names inside double-quotes.  This is the official
7484**      SQL way to escape identifier names.
7485** <li> Put identifier names inside &#91;...&#93;.  This is not standard SQL,
7486**      but it is what SQL Server does and so lots of programmers use this
7487**      technique.
7488** <li> Begin every identifier with the letter "Z" as no SQL keywords start
7489**      with "Z".
7490** <li> Include a digit somewhere in every identifier name.
7491** </ul>
7492**
7493** Note that the number of keywords understood by SQLite can depend on
7494** compile-time options.  For example, "VACUUM" is not a keyword if
7495** SQLite is compiled with the [-DSQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM] option.  Also,
7496** new keywords may be added to future releases of SQLite.
7497*/
7498int sqlite3_keyword_count(void);
7499int sqlite3_keyword_name(int,const char**,int*);
7500int sqlite3_keyword_check(const char*,int);
7501
7502/*
7503** CAPI3REF: Dynamic String Object
7504** KEYWORDS: {dynamic string}
7505**
7506** An instance of the sqlite3_str object contains a dynamically-sized
7507** string under construction.
7508**
7509** The lifecycle of an sqlite3_str object is as follows:
7510** <ol>
7511** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is created using [sqlite3_str_new()].
7512** <li> ^Text is appended to the sqlite3_str object using various
7513** methods, such as [sqlite3_str_appendf()].
7514** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is destroyed and the string it created
7515** is returned using the [sqlite3_str_finish()] interface.
7516** </ol>
7517*/
7518typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;
7519
7520/*
7521** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
7522** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7523**
7524** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes
7525** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
7526** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to
7527** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
7528**
7529** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
7530** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
7531** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
7532** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from
7533** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for
7534** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
7535** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
7536** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
7537** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
7538**
7539** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
7540** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
7541** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
7542** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
7543** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
7544*/
7545sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3*);
7546
7547/*
7548** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Dynamic String
7549** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7550**
7551** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface destroys the sqlite3_str object X
7552** and returns a pointer to a memory buffer obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
7553** that contains the constructed string.  The calling application should
7554** pass the returned value to [sqlite3_free()] to avoid a memory leak.
7555** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface may return a NULL pointer if any
7556** errors were encountered during construction of the string.  ^The
7557** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface will also return a NULL pointer if the
7558** string in [sqlite3_str] object X is zero bytes long.
7559*/
7560char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
7561
7562/*
7563** CAPI3REF: Add Content To A Dynamic String
7564** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7565**
7566** These interfaces add content to an sqlite3_str object previously obtained
7567** from [sqlite3_str_new()].
7568**
7569** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and
7570** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf]
7571** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of
7572** [sqlite3_str] object X.
7573**
7574** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S
7575** onto the end of the [sqlite3_str] object X.  N must be non-negative.
7576** S must contain at least N non-zero bytes of content.  To append a
7577** zero-terminated string in its entirety, use the [sqlite3_str_appendall()]
7578** method instead.
7579**
7580** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendall(X,S)] method appends the complete content of
7581** zero-terminated string S onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7582**
7583** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendchar(X,N,C)] method appends N copies of the
7584** single-byte character C onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7585** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation.
7586**
7587** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction
7588** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length.
7589**
7590** These methods do not return a result code.  ^If an error occurs, that fact
7591** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a
7592** subsequent call to [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)].
7593*/
7594void sqlite3_str_appendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, ...);
7595void sqlite3_str_vappendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, va_list);
7596void sqlite3_str_append(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N);
7597void sqlite3_str_appendall(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn);
7598void sqlite3_str_appendchar(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C);
7599void sqlite3_str_reset(sqlite3_str*);
7600
7601/*
7602** CAPI3REF: Status Of A Dynamic String
7603** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7604**
7605** These interfaces return the current status of an [sqlite3_str] object.
7606**
7607** ^If any prior errors have occurred while constructing the dynamic string
7608** in sqlite3_str X, then the [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method will return
7609** an appropriate error code.  ^The [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method returns
7610** [SQLITE_NOMEM] following any out-of-memory error, or
7611** [SQLITE_TOOBIG] if the size of the dynamic string exceeds
7612** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH], or [SQLITE_OK] if there have been no errors.
7613**
7614** ^The [sqlite3_str_length(X)] method returns the current length, in bytes,
7615** of the dynamic string under construction in [sqlite3_str] object X.
7616** ^The length returned by [sqlite3_str_length(X)] does not include the
7617** zero-termination byte.
7618**
7619** ^The [sqlite3_str_value(X)] method returns a pointer to the current
7620** content of the dynamic string under construction in X.  The value
7621** returned by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] is managed by the sqlite3_str object X
7622** and might be freed or altered by any subsequent method on the same
7623** [sqlite3_str] object.  Applications must not used the pointer returned
7624** [sqlite3_str_value(X)] after any subsequent method call on the same
7625** object.  ^Applications may change the content of the string returned
7626** by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] as long as they do not write into any bytes
7627** outside the range of 0 to [sqlite3_str_length(X)] and do not read or
7628** write any byte after any subsequent sqlite3_str method call.
7629*/
7630int sqlite3_str_errcode(sqlite3_str*);
7631int sqlite3_str_length(sqlite3_str*);
7632char *sqlite3_str_value(sqlite3_str*);
7633
7634/*
7635** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
7636**
7637** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
7638** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
7639** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
7640** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
7641** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
7642** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
7643** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
7644** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
7645** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
7646** value.  For those parameters
7647** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
7648** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
7649** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
7650**
7651** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
7652** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
7653**
7654** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
7655** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
7656** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
7657**
7658** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
7659*/
7660int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
7661int sqlite3_status64(
7662  int op,
7663  sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
7664  sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
7665  int resetFlag
7666);
7667
7668
7669/*
7670** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
7671** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
7672**
7673** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
7674** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
7675**
7676** <dl>
7677** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
7678** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
7679** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
7680** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
7681** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Auxiliary page-cache
7682** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
7683** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
7684** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
7685**
7686** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
7687** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
7688** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
7689** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
7690** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
7691** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
7692**
7693** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
7694** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
7695** currently checked out.</dd>)^
7696**
7697** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
7698** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
7699** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
7700** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
7701** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
7702**
7703** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
7704** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
7705** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
7706** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
7707** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
7708** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
7709** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
7710** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
7711** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
7712**
7713** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
7714** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
7715** handed to [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
7716** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
7717** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
7718**
7719** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
7720** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7721**
7722** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
7723** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7724**
7725** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
7726** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7727**
7728** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
7729** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
7730** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
7731** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
7732** </dl>
7733**
7734** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
7735*/
7736#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
7737#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
7738#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
7739#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3  /* NOT USED */
7740#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4  /* NOT USED */
7741#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
7742#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
7743#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
7744#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8  /* NOT USED */
7745#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
7746
7747/*
7748** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
7749** METHOD: sqlite3
7750**
7751** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
7752** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
7753** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
7754** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
7755** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
7756** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
7757** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
7758** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
7759**
7760** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
7761** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
7762** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
7763** reset back down to the current value.
7764**
7765** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
7766** non-zero [error code] on failure.
7767**
7768** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
7769*/
7770int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
7771
7772/*
7773** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
7774** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
7775**
7776** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
7777** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
7778**
7779** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
7780** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
7781** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
7782** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
7783** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
7784**
7785** <dl>
7786** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
7787** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
7788** checked out.</dd>)^
7789**
7790** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
7791** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that were
7792** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
7793** the current value is always zero.)^
7794**
7795** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
7796** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
7797** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
7798** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
7799** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
7800** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
7801** the current value is always zero.)^
7802**
7803** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
7804** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
7805** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
7806** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
7807** memory already being in use.
7808** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
7809** the current value is always zero.)^
7810**
7811** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
7812** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7813** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
7814** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
7815**
7816** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
7817** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
7818** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
7819** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
7820** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
7821** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
7822** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
7823** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
7824** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
7825** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
7826** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
7827**
7828** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
7829** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7830** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
7831** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
7832** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
7833** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
7834** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
7835** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
7836**
7837** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
7838** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7839** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
7840** the database connection.)^
7841** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
7842** </dd>
7843**
7844** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
7845** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
7846** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
7847** is always 0.
7848** </dd>
7849**
7850** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
7851** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
7852** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
7853** is always 0.
7854** </dd>
7855**
7856** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
7857** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
7858** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
7859** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
7860** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
7861** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
7862** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
7863** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
7864** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
7865** </dd>
7866**
7867** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL</dt>
7868** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
7869** been written to disk in the middle of a transaction due to the page
7870** cache overflowing. Transactions are more efficient if they are written
7871** to disk all at once. When pages spill mid-transaction, that introduces
7872** additional overhead. This parameter can be used help identify
7873** inefficiencies that can be resolve by increasing the cache size.
7874** </dd>
7875**
7876** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
7877** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
7878** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
7879** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
7880** </dd>
7881** </dl>
7882*/
7883#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
7884#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
7885#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
7886#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
7887#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
7888#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
7889#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
7890#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
7891#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
7892#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
7893#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
7894#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
7895#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         12
7896#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 12   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
7897
7898
7899/*
7900** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
7901** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
7902**
7903** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
7904** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
7905** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
7906** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
7907** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
7908** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
7909** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
7910** an index.
7911**
7912** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
7913** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
7914** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
7915** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
7916** to be interrogated.)^
7917** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
7918** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
7919** interface call returns.
7920**
7921** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
7922*/
7923int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
7924
7925/*
7926** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
7927** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
7928**
7929** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
7930** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
7931** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
7932**
7933** <dl>
7934** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
7935** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
7936** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
7937** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
7938** careful use of indices.</dd>
7939**
7940** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
7941** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
7942** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7943** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
7944**
7945** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
7946** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
7947** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
7948** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7949** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
7950** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
7951**
7952** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
7953** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
7954** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
7955** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
7956** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
7957** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
7958** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
7959**
7960** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt>
7961** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been
7962** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or change to
7963** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan.
7964**
7965** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt>
7966** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has
7967** been run.  A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one
7968** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()].
7969** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each
7970** cycle.
7971**
7972** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED</dt>
7973** <dd>^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory
7974** used to store the prepared statement.  ^This value is not actually
7975** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status()
7976** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED.
7977** </dd>
7978** </dl>
7979*/
7980#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
7981#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
7982#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
7983#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
7984#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE         5
7985#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN               6
7986#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED           99
7987
7988/*
7989** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7990**
7991** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
7992** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
7993** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
7994** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
7995** to the object.
7996**
7997** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7998*/
7999typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
8000
8001/*
8002** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8003**
8004** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
8005** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
8006** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
8007** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
8008**
8009** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8010*/
8011typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
8012struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
8013  void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
8014  void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
8015};
8016
8017/*
8018** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
8019** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
8020**
8021** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
8022** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
8023** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
8024** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
8025** SQLite is used for the page cache.
8026** By implementing a
8027** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
8028** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
8029** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
8030** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
8031** how long.
8032**
8033** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
8034** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
8035** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
8036**
8037** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
8038** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
8039** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
8040** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
8041**
8042** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
8043** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
8044** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
8045** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
8046** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
8047** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
8048** required by the custom page cache implementation.
8049** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
8050** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
8051** page cache.)^
8052**
8053** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
8054** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
8055** It can be used to clean up
8056** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
8057** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
8058**
8059** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
8060** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
8061** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
8062** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
8063** in multithreaded applications.
8064**
8065** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
8066** call to xShutdown().
8067**
8068** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
8069** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
8070** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
8071** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
8072** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
8073** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
8074** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
8075** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
8076** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
8077** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
8078** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
8079** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
8080** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
8081** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
8082** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
8083** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
8084** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
8085** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
8086** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
8087** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
8088** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
8089** never contain any unpinned pages.
8090**
8091** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
8092** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
8093** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
8094** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
8095** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
8096** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
8097** value; it is advisory only.
8098**
8099** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
8100** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
8101** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
8102**
8103** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
8104** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
8105** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
8106** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
8107** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
8108** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
8109** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
8110** for each entry in the page cache.
8111**
8112** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
8113** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
8114** to be "pinned".
8115**
8116** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
8117** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
8118** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
8119** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
8120** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
8121**
8122** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
8123** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
8124** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
8125** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
8126**                 Otherwise return NULL.
8127** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
8128**                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
8129** </table>
8130**
8131** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
8132** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
8133** failed.)^  In between the to xFetch() calls, SQLite may
8134** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
8135** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
8136**
8137** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
8138** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
8139** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
8140** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
8141** ^If the discard parameter is
8142** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
8143** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
8144** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
8145**
8146** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
8147** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
8148** to xFetch().
8149**
8150** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
8151** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
8152** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
8153** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
8154** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
8155** to be pinned.
8156**
8157** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
8158** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
8159** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
8160** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
8161** they can be safely discarded.
8162**
8163** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
8164** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
8165** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
8166** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
8167** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
8168** functions.
8169**
8170** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
8171** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
8172** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
8173** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
8174** do their best.
8175*/
8176typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
8177struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
8178  int iVersion;
8179  void *pArg;
8180  int (*xInit)(void*);
8181  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8182  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
8183  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8184  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8185  sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8186  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
8187  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
8188      unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8189  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8190  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8191  void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8192};
8193
8194/*
8195** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
8196** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
8197** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
8198*/
8199typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
8200struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
8201  void *pArg;
8202  int (*xInit)(void*);
8203  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8204  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
8205  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8206  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8207  void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8208  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
8209  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8210  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8211  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8212};
8213
8214
8215/*
8216** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
8217**
8218** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
8219** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
8220** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
8221** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
8222**
8223** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8224*/
8225typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
8226
8227/*
8228** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
8229**
8230** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
8231** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
8232** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
8233**
8234** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8235**
8236** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
8237** for the duration of the backup operation.
8238** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
8239** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
8240** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
8241** preventing other database connections from
8242** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
8243**
8244** ^(To perform a backup operation:
8245**   <ol>
8246**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
8247**         backup,
8248**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
8249**         the data between the two databases, and finally
8250**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
8251**         associated with the backup operation.
8252**   </ol>)^
8253** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
8254** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
8255**
8256** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
8257**
8258** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
8259** [database connection] associated with the destination database
8260** and the database name, respectively.
8261** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
8262** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
8263** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
8264** ^The S and M arguments passed to
8265** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
8266** and database name of the source database, respectively.
8267** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
8268** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
8269** an error.
8270**
8271** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
8272** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
8273** destination database.
8274**
8275** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
8276** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
8277** destination [database connection] D.
8278** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
8279** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
8280** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
8281** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
8282** [sqlite3_backup] object.
8283** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
8284** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
8285** operation.
8286**
8287** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
8288**
8289** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
8290** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
8291** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
8292** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
8293** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
8294** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
8295** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
8296** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
8297** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
8298** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
8299** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
8300** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
8301**
8302** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
8303** <ol>
8304** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
8305** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
8306** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
8307** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
8308** destination and source page sizes differ.
8309** </ol>)^
8310**
8311** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
8312** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
8313** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
8314** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
8315** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
8316** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
8317** [database connection]
8318** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
8319** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
8320** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
8321** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
8322** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
8323** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
8324** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
8325** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
8326** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
8327**
8328** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
8329** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
8330** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
8331** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
8332** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
8333** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
8334** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
8335** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
8336** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
8337** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
8338** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
8339** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
8340** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
8341** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
8342** updated at the same time.
8343**
8344** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
8345**
8346** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
8347** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
8348** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8349** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
8350** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
8351** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
8352** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
8353** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
8354** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8355**
8356** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
8357** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
8358** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
8359** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
8360** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
8361** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
8362**
8363** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
8364** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
8365** sqlite3_backup_finish().
8366**
8367** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
8368** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
8369**
8370** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
8371** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
8372** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
8373** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
8374** sqlite3_backup_step().
8375** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
8376** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
8377** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
8378** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8379** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
8380** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
8381**
8382** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
8383**
8384** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
8385** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
8386** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
8387** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
8388** from within other threads.
8389**
8390** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
8391** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
8392** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
8393** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
8394** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
8395** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
8396** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
8397** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
8398**
8399** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
8400** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
8401** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
8402** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
8403** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
8404** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
8405**
8406** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
8407** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
8408** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8409** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
8410** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
8411** possible that they return invalid values.
8412*/
8413sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
8414  sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
8415  const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
8416  sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
8417  const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
8418);
8419int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
8420int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
8421int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
8422int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
8423
8424/*
8425** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
8426** METHOD: sqlite3
8427**
8428** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
8429** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
8430** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
8431** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
8432** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
8433** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
8434** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
8435** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
8436**
8437** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
8438**
8439** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
8440** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
8441**
8442** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
8443** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
8444** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
8445** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
8446** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
8447** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
8448** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
8449** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
8450** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
8451** call that concludes the blocking connections transaction.
8452**
8453** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
8454** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
8455** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
8456** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
8457** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
8458**
8459** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
8460** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
8461** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
8462** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
8463**
8464** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
8465** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
8466** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
8467** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
8468** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
8469** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
8470** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
8471** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
8472**
8473** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
8474** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
8475** crash or deadlock may be the result.
8476**
8477** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
8478** returns SQLITE_OK.
8479**
8480** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
8481**
8482** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
8483** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
8484** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
8485** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
8486** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
8487** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
8488**
8489** When a blocking connections transaction is concluded, there may be
8490** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
8491** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
8492** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
8493** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
8494** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
8495** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
8496** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
8497**
8498** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
8499**
8500** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
8501** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
8502** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
8503** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
8504** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
8505** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
8506** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
8507**
8508** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
8509** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
8510** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
8511** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
8512** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
8513** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
8514** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
8515** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
8516** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
8517** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
8518** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
8519** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
8520**
8521** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
8522**
8523** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
8524** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
8525** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
8526** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
8527** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
8528** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
8529** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
8530** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
8531** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
8532**
8533** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
8534** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
8535** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
8536** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
8537** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
8538*/
8539int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
8540  sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
8541  void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
8542  void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
8543);
8544
8545
8546/*
8547** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
8548**
8549** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
8550** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
8551** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
8552** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
8553*/
8554int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
8555int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
8556
8557/*
8558** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
8559*
8560** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
8561** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
8562** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
8563** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
8564** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
8565** is case sensitive.
8566**
8567** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8568** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8569**
8570** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
8571*/
8572int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
8573
8574/*
8575** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
8576*
8577** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
8578** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
8579** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
8580** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
8581** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
8582** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
8583** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
8584** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
8585** one another.
8586**
8587** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
8588** only ASCII characters are case folded.
8589**
8590** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8591** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8592**
8593** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
8594*/
8595int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
8596
8597/*
8598** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
8599**
8600** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
8601** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
8602** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
8603** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
8604**
8605** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
8606** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
8607** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
8608** is considered bad form.
8609**
8610** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
8611**
8612** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
8613** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
8614** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
8615** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
8616** buffer.
8617*/
8618void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
8619
8620/*
8621** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
8622** METHOD: sqlite3
8623**
8624** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
8625** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
8626**
8627** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
8628** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
8629** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
8630**
8631** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
8632** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
8633** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
8634** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
8635** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
8636** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
8637** including those that were just committed.
8638**
8639** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
8640** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
8641** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
8642** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
8643** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
8644** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
8645** are undefined.
8646**
8647** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
8648** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
8649** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
8650** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
8651** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
8652** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
8653*/
8654void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
8655  sqlite3*,
8656  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
8657  void*
8658);
8659
8660/*
8661** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
8662** METHOD: sqlite3
8663**
8664** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
8665** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
8666** to automatically [checkpoint]
8667** after committing a transaction if there are N or
8668** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
8669** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
8670** checkpoints entirely.
8671**
8672** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
8673** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
8674** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
8675** configured by this function.
8676**
8677** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
8678** from SQL.
8679**
8680** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
8681** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
8682**
8683** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
8684** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
8685** pages.  The use of this interface
8686** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
8687** for a particular application.
8688*/
8689int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
8690
8691/*
8692** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
8693** METHOD: sqlite3
8694**
8695** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
8696** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
8697**
8698** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
8699** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
8700** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
8701** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
8702** information.
8703**
8704** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
8705** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
8706** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
8707** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
8708** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
8709** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
8710*/
8711int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
8712
8713/*
8714** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
8715** METHOD: sqlite3
8716**
8717** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
8718** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
8719** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
8720** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
8721**
8722** <dl>
8723** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
8724**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
8725**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
8726**   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
8727**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
8728**   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
8729**   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
8730**
8731** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
8732**   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
8733**   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
8734**   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
8735**   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
8736**   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
8737**   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
8738**
8739** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
8740**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
8741**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
8742**   [busy-handler callback])
8743**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
8744**   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
8745**   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
8746**   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
8747**
8748** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
8749**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
8750**   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
8751**   to a successful return.
8752** </dl>
8753**
8754** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
8755** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
8756** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
8757** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
8758** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
8759** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
8760** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
8761** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
8762** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
8763**
8764** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
8765** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
8766** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
8767** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
8768**
8769** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
8770** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
8771** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
8772** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
8773** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
8774** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
8775** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
8776** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
8777** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
8778** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
8779**
8780** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
8781** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
8782** [database connection] db.  In this case the
8783** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
8784** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
8785** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
8786** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
8787** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
8788** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
8789** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
8790** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
8791**
8792** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
8793** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
8794** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
8795** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
8796**
8797** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
8798** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
8799** sets the error information that is queried by
8800** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
8801**
8802** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
8803** from SQL.
8804*/
8805int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
8806  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
8807  const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
8808  int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
8809  int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
8810  int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
8811);
8812
8813/*
8814** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
8815** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
8816**
8817** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
8818** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
8819** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
8820** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
8821*/
8822#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
8823#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
8824#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
8825#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
8826
8827/*
8828** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
8829**
8830** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
8831** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
8832** various facets of the virtual table interface.
8833**
8834** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
8835** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
8836**
8837** At present, there is only one option that may be configured using
8838** this function. (See [SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT].)  Further options
8839** may be added in the future.
8840*/
8841int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
8842
8843/*
8844** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
8845**
8846** These macros define the various options to the
8847** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
8848** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
8849**
8850** <dl>
8851** [[SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT]]
8852** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
8853** <dd>Calls of the form
8854** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
8855** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
8856** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
8857** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
8858** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
8859** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
8860** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
8861** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
8862**
8863** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
8864** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
8865** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
8866** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
8867** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
8868** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
8869** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
8870** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
8871** had been ABORT.
8872**
8873** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
8874** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
8875** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
8876** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
8877** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
8878** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
8879** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
8880** constraint handling.
8881** </dl>
8882*/
8883#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
8884
8885/*
8886** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
8887**
8888** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
8889** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
8890** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
8891** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
8892** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
8893** [virtual table].
8894*/
8895int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
8896
8897/*
8898** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
8899**
8900** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
8901** method of a [virtual table], then it returns true if and only if the
8902** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
8903** column value will not change.  Applications might use this to substitute
8904** a return value that is less expensive to compute and that the corresponding
8905** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
8906**
8907** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
8908** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
8909** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
8910** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
8911** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
8912** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
8913*/
8914int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);
8915
8916/*
8917** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint
8918**
8919** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex]
8920** method of a [virtual table].
8921**
8922** The first argument must be the sqlite3_index_info object that is the
8923** first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument must be
8924** an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the sqlite3_index_info
8925** structure passed to xBestIndex. This function returns a pointer to a buffer
8926** containing the name of the collation sequence for the corresponding
8927** constraint.
8928*/
8929SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int);
8930
8931/*
8932** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
8933** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
8934**
8935** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
8936** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
8937** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
8938**
8939** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
8940** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
8941** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
8942*/
8943#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
8944/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
8945#define SQLITE_FAIL     3
8946/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
8947#define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
8948
8949/*
8950** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
8951** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
8952**
8953** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
8954** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
8955** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
8956**
8957** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
8958** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
8959** S is finalized.
8960**
8961** <dl>
8962** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
8963** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be
8964** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
8965**
8966** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
8967** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8968** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
8969**
8970** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
8971** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8972** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
8973** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
8974** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
8975** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
8976** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
8977**
8978** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
8979** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8980** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
8981** used for the X-th loop.
8982**
8983** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
8984** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8985** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
8986** description for the X-th loop.
8987**
8988** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
8989** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8990** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
8991** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
8992** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
8993** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
8994** </dl>
8995*/
8996#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
8997#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
8998#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
8999#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
9000#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
9001#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
9002
9003/*
9004** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
9005** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9006**
9007** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
9008** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
9009** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
9010** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
9011**
9012** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
9013** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
9014** compile-time option.
9015**
9016** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
9017** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
9018** of this interface is undefined.
9019** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
9020** the "pOut" parameter.
9021** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
9022** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
9023** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
9024** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
9025** points to is unchanged.
9026**
9027** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
9028** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
9029** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
9030** that pOut points to unchanged.
9031**
9032** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
9033*/
9034int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
9035  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
9036  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
9037  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
9038  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
9039);
9040
9041/*
9042** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
9043** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9044**
9045** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
9046**
9047** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
9048** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
9049*/
9050void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
9051
9052/*
9053** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
9054**
9055** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
9056** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
9057** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
9058** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
9059** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
9060** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
9061** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
9062** any [attached] databases.
9063**
9064** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
9065** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
9066** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
9067** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
9068** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
9069** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
9070** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
9071** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
9072**
9073** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
9074** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
9075** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
9076**
9077** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
9078**
9079** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
9080** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
9081*/
9082int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
9083
9084/*
9085** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
9086**
9087** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
9088** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
9089**
9090** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
9091** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
9092** on a database table.
9093** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
9094** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
9095** the previous setting.
9096** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
9097** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
9098** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
9099** the first parameter to callbacks.
9100**
9101** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
9102** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
9103** system tables like sqlite_master or sqlite_stat1.
9104**
9105** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
9106** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
9107** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
9108** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
9109** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
9110** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9111** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
9112** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
9113** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
9114** databases.)^
9115** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9116** table that is being modified.
9117**
9118** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
9119** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
9120** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
9121** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
9122** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
9123** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
9124** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
9125** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
9126** INSERT operations on rowid tables.
9127**
9128** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
9129** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
9130** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
9131** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
9132** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
9133** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
9134** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
9135** behavior.
9136**
9137** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
9138** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
9139**
9140** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9141** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9142** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9143** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9144** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
9145** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
9146** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9147** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9148**
9149** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9150** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9151** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9152** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9153** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
9154** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
9155** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9156** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9157**
9158** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
9159** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
9160** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
9161** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
9162** triggers; and so forth.
9163**
9164** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
9165*/
9166#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
9167void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
9168  sqlite3 *db,
9169  void(*xPreUpdate)(
9170    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
9171    sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
9172    int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
9173    char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
9174    char const *zName,            /* Table name */
9175    sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
9176    sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
9177  ),
9178  void*
9179);
9180int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9181int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
9182int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
9183int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9184#endif
9185
9186/*
9187** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
9188**
9189** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
9190** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
9191** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
9192** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
9193** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
9194** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
9195*/
9196int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
9197
9198/*
9199** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
9200** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
9201**
9202** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
9203** database for some specific point in history.
9204**
9205** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
9206** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
9207** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
9208** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
9209** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
9210** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
9211** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
9212**
9213** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
9214** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
9215** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
9216** the most recent version.
9217*/
9218typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
9219  unsigned char hidden[48];
9220} sqlite3_snapshot;
9221
9222/*
9223** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
9224** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9225**
9226** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
9227** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
9228** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
9229** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
9230** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
9231** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
9232** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
9233**
9234** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
9235** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
9236** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
9237** in this case.
9238**
9239** <ul>
9240**   <li> The database handle must not be in [autocommit mode].
9241**
9242**   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
9243**
9244**   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
9245**        connection D.
9246**
9247**   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
9248**        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
9249**        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
9250**        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
9251**        must be written to it first.
9252** </ul>
9253**
9254** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
9255** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
9256** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
9257**
9258** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
9259** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
9260** to avoid a memory leak.
9261**
9262** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
9263** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9264*/
9265SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
9266  sqlite3 *db,
9267  const char *zSchema,
9268  sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
9269);
9270
9271/*
9272** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
9273** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9274**
9275** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read
9276** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of
9277** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to
9278** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the
9279** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK
9280** on success or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
9281**
9282** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in
9283** [autocommit mode] when [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] is called. If there
9284** is already a read transaction open on schema S, then the database handle
9285** must have no active statements (SELECT statements that have been passed
9286** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()).
9287** SQLITE_ERROR is returned if either of these conditions is violated, or
9288** if schema S does not exist, or if the snapshot object is invalid.
9289**
9290** ^A call to sqlite3_snapshot_open() will fail to open if the specified
9291** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case
9292** SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT is returned.
9293**
9294** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is
9295** invoked, then the same read transaction remains open (on the same
9296** database snapshot) if SQLITE_ERROR, SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT
9297** is returned. If another error code - for example SQLITE_PROTOCOL or an
9298** SQLITE_IOERR error code - is returned, then the final state of the
9299** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the
9300** read transaction is now open on database snapshot P.
9301**
9302** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
9303** database connection D does not know that the database file for
9304** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
9305** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
9306** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
9307** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
9308** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
9309** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
9310**
9311** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
9312** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9313*/
9314SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
9315  sqlite3 *db,
9316  const char *zSchema,
9317  sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
9318);
9319
9320/*
9321** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
9322** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9323**
9324** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
9325** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
9326** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
9327**
9328** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
9329** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9330*/
9331SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
9332
9333/*
9334** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
9335** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9336**
9337** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
9338** of two valid snapshot handles.
9339**
9340** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
9341** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
9342**
9343** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
9344** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
9345** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
9346** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
9347** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
9348** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
9349** is undefined.
9350**
9351** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
9352** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
9353** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
9354**
9355** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9356** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9357*/
9358SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
9359  sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
9360  sqlite3_snapshot *p2
9361);
9362
9363/*
9364** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
9365** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9366**
9367** If a [WAL file] remains on disk after all database connections close
9368** (either through the use of the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] [file control]
9369** or because the last process to have the database opened exited without
9370** calling [sqlite3_close()]) and a new connection is subsequently opened
9371** on that database and [WAL file], the [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface
9372** will only be able to open the last transaction added to the WAL file
9373** even though the WAL file contains other valid transactions.
9374**
9375** This function attempts to scan the WAL file associated with database zDb
9376** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
9377** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
9378** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a WAL mode
9379** database.
9380**
9381** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
9382**
9383** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9384** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9385*/
9386SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9387
9388/*
9389** CAPI3REF: Serialize a database
9390**
9391** The sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) interface returns a pointer to memory
9392** that is a serialization of the S database on [database connection] D.
9393** If P is not a NULL pointer, then the size of the database in bytes
9394** is written into *P.
9395**
9396** For an ordinary on-disk database file, the serialization is just a
9397** copy of the disk file.  For an in-memory database or a "TEMP" database,
9398** the serialization is the same sequence of bytes which would be written
9399** to disk if that database where backed up to disk.
9400**
9401** The usual case is that sqlite3_serialize() copies the serialization of
9402** the database into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] and returns
9403** a pointer to that memory.  The caller is responsible for freeing the
9404** returned value to avoid a memory leak.  However, if the F argument
9405** contains the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit, then no memory allocations
9406** are made, and the sqlite3_serialize() function will return a pointer
9407** to the contiguous memory representation of the database that SQLite
9408** is currently using for that database, or NULL if the no such contiguous
9409** memory representation of the database exists.  A contiguous memory
9410** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has
9411** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same
9412** values of D and S.
9413** The size of the database is written into *P even if the
9414** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy
9415** of the database exists.
9416**
9417** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the
9418** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory
9419** allocation error occurs.
9420**
9421** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9422** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9423*/
9424unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
9425  sqlite3 *db,           /* The database connection */
9426  const char *zSchema,   /* Which DB to serialize. ex: "main", "temp", ... */
9427  sqlite3_int64 *piSize, /* Write size of the DB here, if not NULL */
9428  unsigned int mFlags    /* Zero or more SQLITE_SERIALIZE_* flags */
9429);
9430
9431/*
9432** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_serialize
9433**
9434** Zero or more of the following constants can be OR-ed together for
9435** the F argument to [sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F)].
9436**
9437** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY means that [sqlite3_serialize()] will return
9438** a pointer to contiguous in-memory database that it is currently using,
9439** without making a copy of the database.  If SQLite is not currently using
9440** a contiguous in-memory database, then this option causes
9441** [sqlite3_serialize()] to return a NULL pointer.  SQLite will only be
9442** using a contiguous in-memory database if it has been initialized by a
9443** prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize()].
9444*/
9445#define SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 0x001   /* Do no memory allocations */
9446
9447/*
9448** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database
9449**
9450** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the
9451** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then
9452** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization contained
9453** in P.  The serialized database P is N bytes in size.  M is the size of
9454** the buffer P, which might be larger than N.  If M is larger than N, and
9455** the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY bit is not set in F, then SQLite is
9456** permitted to add content to the in-memory database as long as the total
9457** size does not exceed M bytes.
9458**
9459** If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in F, then SQLite will
9460** invoke sqlite3_free() on the serialization buffer when the database
9461** connection closes.  If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE bit is set, then
9462** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64()
9463** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes.
9464**
9465** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the
9466** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup
9467** operation.
9468**
9469** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the
9470** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then
9471** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning.
9472**
9473** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9474** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9475*/
9476int sqlite3_deserialize(
9477  sqlite3 *db,            /* The database connection */
9478  const char *zSchema,    /* Which DB to reopen with the deserialization */
9479  unsigned char *pData,   /* The serialized database content */
9480  sqlite3_int64 szDb,     /* Number bytes in the deserialization */
9481  sqlite3_int64 szBuf,    /* Total size of buffer pData[] */
9482  unsigned mFlags         /* Zero or more SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_* flags */
9483);
9484
9485/*
9486** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_deserialize()
9487**
9488** The following are allowed values for 6th argument (the F argument) to
9489** the [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F)] interface.
9490**
9491** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE means that the database serialization
9492** in the P argument is held in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
9493** and that SQLite should take ownership of this memory and automatically
9494** free it when it has finished using it.  Without this flag, the caller
9495** is responsible for freeing any dynamically allocated memory.
9496**
9497** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE flag means that SQLite is allowed to
9498** grow the size of the database using calls to [sqlite3_realloc64()].  This
9499** flag should only be used if SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE is also used.
9500** Without this flag, the deserialized database cannot increase in size beyond
9501** the number of bytes specified by the M parameter.
9502**
9503** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database
9504** should be treated as read-only.
9505*/
9506#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */
9507#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE  2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */
9508#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY    4 /* Database is read-only */
9509
9510/*
9511** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
9512** builds on processors without floating point support.
9513*/
9514#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
9515# undef double
9516#endif
9517
9518#ifdef __cplusplus
9519}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
9520#endif
9521#endif /* SQLITE3_H */
9522