1/* 2** 2001-09-15 3** 4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code. In place of 5** a legal notice, here is a blessing: 6** 7** May you do good and not evil. 8** May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others. 9** May you share freely, never taking more than you give. 10** 11************************************************************************* 12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library 13** presents to client programs. If a C-function, structure, datatype, 14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is 15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without 16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite. 17** 18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as 19** "experimental". Experimental interfaces are normally new 20** features recently added to SQLite. We do not anticipate changes 21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes 22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent. 23** 24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived 25** from comments in this file. This file is the authoritative source 26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate. 27** 28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in". 29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting 30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as 31** part of the build process. 32*/ 33#ifndef SQLITE3_H 34#define SQLITE3_H 35#include <stdarg.h> /* Needed for the definition of va_list */ 36 37/* 38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++. 39*/ 40#ifdef __cplusplus 41extern "C" { 42#endif 43 44 45/* 46** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface. 47*/ 48#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN 49# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern 50#endif 51#ifndef SQLITE_API 52# define SQLITE_API 53#endif 54#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL 55# define SQLITE_CDECL 56#endif 57#ifndef SQLITE_APICALL 58# define SQLITE_APICALL 59#endif 60#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL 61# define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL 62#endif 63#ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK 64# define SQLITE_CALLBACK 65#endif 66#ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI 67# define SQLITE_SYSAPI 68#endif 69 70/* 71** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those 72** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental. New applications 73** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards 74** compatibility only. Application writers should be aware that 75** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases. 76** 77** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that 78** would generate warning messages when they were used. But that 79** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports 80** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple 81** noop macros. 82*/ 83#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED 84#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL 85 86/* 87** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file. 88*/ 89#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION 90# undef SQLITE_VERSION 91#endif 92#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 93# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 94#endif 95 96/* 97** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers 98** 99** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header 100** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the 101** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for 102** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^ 103** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer 104** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same 105** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^ 106** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also 107** be larger than the release from which it is derived. Either Y will 108** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented 109** and Z will be reset to zero. 110** 111** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]), 112** SQLite source code has been stored in the 113** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management 114** system</a>. ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to 115** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite 116** within its configuration management system. ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID 117** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1 118** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree. If the source code has 119** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last 120** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified. 121** 122** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()], 123** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()], 124** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()]. 125*/ 126#define SQLITE_VERSION "--VERS--" 127#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER-- 128#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID "--SOURCE-ID--" 129 130/* 131** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers 132** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid 133** 134** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION], 135** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros 136** but are associated with the library instead of the header file. ^(Cautious 137** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to 138** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in 139** the header, and thus ensure that the application is 140** compiled with matching library and header files. 141** 142** <blockquote><pre> 143** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER ); 144** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 ); 145** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 ); 146** </pre></blockquote>)^ 147** 148** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION] 149** macro. ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the 150** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant. The sqlite3_libversion() 151** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have 152** direct access to string constants within the DLL. ^The 153** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to 154** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER]. ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns 155** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the 156** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro. Except if SQLite is built 157** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters 158** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^ 159** 160** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()]. 161*/ 162SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[]; 163const char *sqlite3_libversion(void); 164const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void); 165int sqlite3_libversion_number(void); 166 167/* 168** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics 169** 170** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1 171** indicating whether the specified option was defined at 172** compile time. ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the 173** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used(). 174** 175** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating 176** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by 177** returning the N-th compile time option string. ^If N is out of range, 178** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer. ^The SQLITE_ 179** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by 180** sqlite3_compileoption_get(). 181** 182** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used() 183** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the 184** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time. 185** 186** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and 187** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma]. 188*/ 189#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS 190int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName); 191const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N); 192#endif 193 194/* 195** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe 196** 197** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if 198** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the 199** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0. 200** 201** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes. When 202** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes 203** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe. When the 204** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0, 205** the mutexes are omitted. Without the mutexes, it is not safe 206** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread. 207** 208** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty. 209** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable 210** the mutexes. But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled. 211** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled. 212** 213** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the 214** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with 215** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro. 216** 217** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting 218** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag. If SQLite is compiled with 219** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but 220** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()] 221** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD], 222** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]. ^(The return value of the 223** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of 224** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by 225** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe() 226** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^ 227** 228** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information. 229*/ 230int sqlite3_threadsafe(void); 231 232/* 233** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle 234** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections} 235** 236** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of 237** the opaque structure named "sqlite3". It is useful to think of an sqlite3 238** pointer as an object. The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and 239** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()] 240** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors. There are many other 241** interfaces (such as 242** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and 243** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an 244** sqlite3 object. 245*/ 246typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3; 247 248/* 249** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types 250** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64 251** 252** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types 253** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers. 254** 255** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions. 256** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards 257** compatibility only. 258** 259** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values 260** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive. ^The 261** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values 262** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive. 263*/ 264#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE 265 typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64; 266# ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE 267 typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64; 268# else 269 typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64; 270# endif 271#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__) 272 typedef __int64 sqlite_int64; 273 typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64; 274#else 275 typedef long long int sqlite_int64; 276 typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64; 277#endif 278typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64; 279typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64; 280 281/* 282** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support, 283** substitute integer for floating-point. 284*/ 285#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT 286# define double sqlite3_int64 287#endif 288 289/* 290** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection 291** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3 292** 293** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors 294** for the [sqlite3] object. 295** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if 296** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated 297** resources are deallocated. 298** 299** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared 300** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then sqlite3_close() 301** will leave the database connection open and return [SQLITE_BUSY]. 302** ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared statements 303** and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups, then the database connection becomes 304** an unusable "zombie" which will automatically be deallocated when the 305** last prepared statement is finalized or the last sqlite3_backup is 306** finished. The sqlite3_close_v2() interface is intended for use with 307** host languages that are garbage collected, and where the order in which 308** destructors are called is arbitrary. 309** 310** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements], 311** [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and 312** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated 313** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object. ^If 314** sqlite3_close_v2() is called on a [database connection] that still has 315** outstanding [prepared statements], [BLOB handles], and/or 316** [sqlite3_backup] objects then it returns [SQLITE_OK] and the deallocation 317** of resources is deferred until all [prepared statements], [BLOB handles], 318** and [sqlite3_backup] objects are also destroyed. 319** 320** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open, 321** the transaction is automatically rolled back. 322** 323** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)] 324** must be either a NULL 325** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained 326** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or 327** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed. 328** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer 329** argument is a harmless no-op. 330*/ 331int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*); 332int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*); 333 334/* 335** The type for a callback function. 336** This is legacy and deprecated. It is included for historical 337** compatibility and is not documented. 338*/ 339typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**); 340 341/* 342** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface 343** METHOD: sqlite3 344** 345** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around 346** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()], 347** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL 348** without having to use a lot of C code. 349** 350** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded, 351** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument, 352** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st 353** argument. ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to 354** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row 355** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements. ^The 4th argument to 356** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each 357** callback invocation. ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec() 358** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are 359** ignored. 360** 361** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into 362** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and 363** subsequent statements are skipped. ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() 364** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained 365** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter. 366** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()] 367** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of 368** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed. 369** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors 370** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to 371** NULL before returning. 372** 373** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec() 374** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and 375** without running any subsequent SQL statements. 376** 377** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the 378** number of columns in the result. ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec() 379** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from 380** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column. ^If an element of a 381** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the 382** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer. ^The 4th argument to the 383** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each 384** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained 385** from [sqlite3_column_name()]. 386** 387** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer 388** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or 389** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database 390** is not changed. 391** 392** Restrictions: 393** 394** <ul> 395** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() 396** is a valid and open [database connection]. 397** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by 398** the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running. 399** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into 400** the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running. 401** </ul> 402*/ 403int sqlite3_exec( 404 sqlite3*, /* An open database */ 405 const char *sql, /* SQL to be evaluated */ 406 int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**), /* Callback function */ 407 void *, /* 1st argument to callback */ 408 char **errmsg /* Error msg written here */ 409); 410 411/* 412** CAPI3REF: Result Codes 413** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions} 414** 415** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown 416** here in order to indicate success or failure. 417** 418** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite. 419** 420** See also: [extended result code definitions] 421*/ 422#define SQLITE_OK 0 /* Successful result */ 423/* beginning-of-error-codes */ 424#define SQLITE_ERROR 1 /* Generic error */ 425#define SQLITE_INTERNAL 2 /* Internal logic error in SQLite */ 426#define SQLITE_PERM 3 /* Access permission denied */ 427#define SQLITE_ABORT 4 /* Callback routine requested an abort */ 428#define SQLITE_BUSY 5 /* The database file is locked */ 429#define SQLITE_LOCKED 6 /* A table in the database is locked */ 430#define SQLITE_NOMEM 7 /* A malloc() failed */ 431#define SQLITE_READONLY 8 /* Attempt to write a readonly database */ 432#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT 9 /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/ 433#define SQLITE_IOERR 10 /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */ 434#define SQLITE_CORRUPT 11 /* The database disk image is malformed */ 435#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND 12 /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */ 436#define SQLITE_FULL 13 /* Insertion failed because database is full */ 437#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN 14 /* Unable to open the database file */ 438#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL 15 /* Database lock protocol error */ 439#define SQLITE_EMPTY 16 /* Internal use only */ 440#define SQLITE_SCHEMA 17 /* The database schema changed */ 441#define SQLITE_TOOBIG 18 /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */ 442#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT 19 /* Abort due to constraint violation */ 443#define SQLITE_MISMATCH 20 /* Data type mismatch */ 444#define SQLITE_MISUSE 21 /* Library used incorrectly */ 445#define SQLITE_NOLFS 22 /* Uses OS features not supported on host */ 446#define SQLITE_AUTH 23 /* Authorization denied */ 447#define SQLITE_FORMAT 24 /* Not used */ 448#define SQLITE_RANGE 25 /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */ 449#define SQLITE_NOTADB 26 /* File opened that is not a database file */ 450#define SQLITE_NOTICE 27 /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */ 451#define SQLITE_WARNING 28 /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */ 452#define SQLITE_ROW 100 /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */ 453#define SQLITE_DONE 101 /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */ 454/* end-of-error-codes */ 455 456/* 457** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes 458** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions} 459** 460** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer 461** [result codes]. However, experience has shown that many of 462** these result codes are too coarse-grained. They do not provide as 463** much information about problems as programmers might like. In an effort to 464** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8] 465** and later) include 466** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information 467** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled 468** on a per database connection basis using the 469** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API. Or, the extended code for 470** the most recent error can be obtained using 471** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()]. 472*/ 473#define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8)) 474#define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8)) 475#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8)) 476#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8)) 477#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8)) 478#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8)) 479#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8)) 480#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8)) 481#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8)) 482#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8)) 483#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8)) 484#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8)) 485#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8)) 486#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8)) 487#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8)) 488#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8)) 489#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8)) 490#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8)) 491#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8)) 492#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8)) 493#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8)) 494#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8)) 495#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8)) 496#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8)) 497#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8)) 498#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8)) 499#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8)) 500#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8)) 501#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8)) 502#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8)) 503#define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8)) 504#define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8)) 505#define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8)) 506#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE (SQLITE_LOCKED | (1<<8)) 507#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY (SQLITE_BUSY | (1<<8)) 508#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT (SQLITE_BUSY | (2<<8)) 509#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8)) 510#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8)) 511#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8)) 512#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8)) 513#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8)) 514#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8)) 515#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8)) 516#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8)) 517#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8)) 518#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8)) 519#define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8)) 520#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8)) 521#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8)) 522#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8)) 523#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8)) 524#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8)) 525#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8)) 526#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8)) 527#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8)) 528#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8)) 529#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8)) 530#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8)) 531#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8)) 532#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8)) 533#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8)) 534#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8)) 535#define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8)) 536 537/* 538** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations 539** 540** These bit values are intended for use in the 541** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and 542** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method. 543*/ 544#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY 0x00000001 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ 545#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE 0x00000002 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ 546#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE 0x00000004 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ 547#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE 0x00000008 /* VFS only */ 548#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE 0x00000010 /* VFS only */ 549#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY 0x00000020 /* VFS only */ 550#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI 0x00000040 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ 551#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY 0x00000080 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ 552#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB 0x00000100 /* VFS only */ 553#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB 0x00000200 /* VFS only */ 554#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB 0x00000400 /* VFS only */ 555#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL 0x00000800 /* VFS only */ 556#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL 0x00001000 /* VFS only */ 557#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL 0x00002000 /* VFS only */ 558#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL 0x00004000 /* VFS only */ 559#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX 0x00008000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ 560#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX 0x00010000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ 561#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE 0x00020000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ 562#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE 0x00040000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ 563#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL 0x00080000 /* VFS only */ 564 565/* Reserved: 0x00F00000 */ 566 567/* 568** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics 569** 570** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods] 571** object returns an integer which is a vector of these 572** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage 573** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods] 574** refers to. 575** 576** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of 577** any size are atomic. The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values 578** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and 579** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of 580** nnn are atomic. The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means 581** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended 582** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other 583** way around. The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that 584** information is written to disk in the same order as calls 585** to xWrite(). The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that 586** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a 587** file that were written at the application level might have changed 588** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are 589** guaranteed to be unchanged. The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN 590** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open. The 591** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on 592** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with 593** elevated privileges. 594** 595** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying 596** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those 597** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and 598** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]. 599*/ 600#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC 0x00000001 601#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512 0x00000002 602#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K 0x00000004 603#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K 0x00000008 604#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K 0x00000010 605#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K 0x00000020 606#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K 0x00000040 607#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K 0x00000080 608#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K 0x00000100 609#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND 0x00000200 610#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL 0x00000400 611#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN 0x00000800 612#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE 0x00001000 613#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE 0x00002000 614#define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC 0x00004000 615 616/* 617** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels 618** 619** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second 620** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods 621** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object. 622*/ 623#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE 0 624#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED 1 625#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED 2 626#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING 3 627#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE 4 628 629/* 630** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags 631** 632** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an 633** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of 634** these integer values as the second argument. 635** 636** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the 637** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage. Inode 638** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag 639** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics. 640** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means 641** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync(). 642** 643** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags 644** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL 645** settings. The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the 646** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms. 647** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how 648** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and 649** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code. 650** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction 651** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the 652** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX 653** cares about the difference.) 654*/ 655#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL 0x00002 656#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL 0x00003 657#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY 0x00010 658 659/* 660** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle 661** 662** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the 663** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer]. Individual OS interface 664** implementations will 665** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields 666** for their own use. The pMethods entry is a pointer to an 667** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing 668** I/O operations on the open file. 669*/ 670typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file; 671struct sqlite3_file { 672 const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods; /* Methods for an open file */ 673}; 674 675/* 676** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object 677** 678** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an 679** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the 680** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object. 681** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations 682** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object. 683** 684** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element 685** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method 686** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed. The 687** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] 688** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element 689** to NULL. 690** 691** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or 692** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL]. The first choice is the normal fsync(). 693** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync. The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY] 694** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file 695** and not its inode needs to be synced. 696** 697** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of 698** <ul> 699** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], 700** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED], 701** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], 702** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or 703** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE]. 704** </ul> 705** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock. 706** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection, 707** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED, 708** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file. It returns true 709** if such a lock exists and false otherwise. 710** 711** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom 712** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the 713** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface. The second "op" argument is an 714** integer opcode. The third argument is a generic pointer intended to 715** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to 716** write return values. Potential uses for xFileControl() might be 717** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the 718** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire 719** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks. The SQLite 720** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use. 721** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available. 722** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes 723** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts. VFS implementations should 724** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not 725** recognize. 726** 727** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the 728** device that underlies the file. The sector size is the 729** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing 730** other bytes in the file. The xDeviceCharacteristics() 731** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the 732** underlying device: 733** 734** <ul> 735** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC] 736** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512] 737** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K] 738** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K] 739** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K] 740** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K] 741** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K] 742** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K] 743** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K] 744** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND] 745** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL] 746** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN] 747** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] 748** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE] 749** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC] 750** </ul> 751** 752** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of 753** any size are atomic. The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values 754** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and 755** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of 756** nnn are atomic. The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means 757** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended 758** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other 759** way around. The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that 760** information is written to disk in the same order as calls 761** to xWrite(). 762** 763** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill 764** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros. A VFS that 765** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work. However, 766** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to 767** database corruption. 768*/ 769typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods; 770struct sqlite3_io_methods { 771 int iVersion; 772 int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*); 773 int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst); 774 int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst); 775 int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size); 776 int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags); 777 int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize); 778 int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int); 779 int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int); 780 int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut); 781 int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg); 782 int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*); 783 int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*); 784 /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */ 785 int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**); 786 int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags); 787 void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*); 788 int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag); 789 /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */ 790 int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp); 791 int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p); 792 /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */ 793 /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */ 794}; 795 796/* 797** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes 798** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode} 799** 800** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method 801** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()] 802** interface. 803** 804** <ul> 805** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]] 806** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging. This 807** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of 808** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED], 809** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE]) 810** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability 811** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST 812** compile-time option is used. 813** 814** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]] 815** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS 816** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the 817** current transaction. This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it 818** is often close. The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database 819** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database 820** file run faster. 821** 822** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]] 823** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS 824** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified 825** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should 826** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use 827** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large 828** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and 829** improve performance on some systems. 830** 831** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]] 832** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer 833** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database 834** connection. See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]. 835** 836** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]] 837** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer 838** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either 839** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database 840** connection. See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]. 841** 842** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]] 843** No longer in use. 844** 845** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]] 846** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and 847** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a 848** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked 849** because the user has configured SQLite with 850** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place 851** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with 852** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced 853** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated 854** string containing the transactions master-journal file name. VFSes that 855** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications 856** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may 857** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it. 858** 859** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]] 860** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite 861** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately 862** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal 863** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call 864** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the 865** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it. 866** 867** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]] 868** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic 869** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the 870** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of 871** anti-virus programs. By default, the windows VFS will retry file read, 872** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay 873** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing 874** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry. This 875** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay) 876** to be adjusted. The values are changed for all database connections 877** within the same process. The argument is a pointer to an array of two 878** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second 879** integer is the delay. If either integer is negative, then the setting 880** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written 881** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be 882** interrogated. The zDbName parameter is ignored. 883** 884** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]] 885** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the 886** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting. By default, the auxiliary 887** write ahead log and shared memory files used for transaction control 888** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database 889** closes. Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after 890** close. Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not 891** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want 892** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist 893** in order for the database to be readable. The fourth parameter to 894** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer. 895** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent 896** WAL mode. If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current 897** WAL persistence setting. 898** 899** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]] 900** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the 901** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting. The PSOW setting 902** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the 903** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to 904** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer. 905** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage 906** mode. If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current 907** zero-damage mode setting. 908** 909** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]] 910** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening 911** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some 912** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current 913** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations. 914** 915** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]] 916** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of 917** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack. The names are of all VFS shims and the 918** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from 919** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable 920** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to. 921** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done. As with 922** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually 923** do anything. Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL 924** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented. This file-control 925** is intended for diagnostic use only. 926** 927** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]] 928** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level 929** [VFSes] currently in use. ^(The argument X in 930** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be 931** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **". This opcodes will set *X 932** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^ 933** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the 934** upper-most shim only. 935** 936** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]] 937** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] 938** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding 939** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument 940** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of 941** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array 942** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the 943** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument. ^The handler for an 944** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element 945** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] 946** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or 947** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the 948** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal 949** [PRAGMA] processing continues. ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] 950** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the 951** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op 952** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy 953** of the result string if the string is non-NULL. 954** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns 955** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means 956** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the 957** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error. ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] 958** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so 959** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements. 960** 961** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]] 962** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER] 963** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle 964** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access 965** to the connections busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void **) 966** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points 967** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connections 968** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in 969** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation 970** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the 971** current operation. 972** 973** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]] 974** ^Application can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control 975** to have SQLite generate a 976** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate 977** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses. The 978** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename 979** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The caller should 980** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak. 981** 982** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]] 983** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the 984** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O. 985** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that 986** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map. The 987** pointer is overwritten with the old value. The limit is not changed if 988** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit 989** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number. This 990** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size]. 991** 992** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]] 993** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information 994** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing. 995** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims]. 996** The argument is a zero-terminated string. Higher layers in the 997** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if 998** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled. 999** 1000** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]] 1001** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a 1002** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending 1003** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it 1004** was first opened. 1005** 1006** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]] 1007** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the 1008** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle. This file 1009** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and 1010** writes the resulting value there. 1011** 1012** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]] 1013** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging. This 1014** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one 1015** pointed to by the pArg argument. This capability is used during testing 1016** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined. 1017** 1018** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]] 1019** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might 1020** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately 1021** available. The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare 1022** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion. 1023** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control. 1024** 1025** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]] 1026** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other 1027** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode. 1028** 1029** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]] 1030** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by 1031** the RBU extension only. All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for 1032** this opcode. 1033** 1034** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]] 1035** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then 1036** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which 1037** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done 1038** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]. Systems 1039** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND. 1040** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to 1041** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or 1042** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make 1043** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor 1044** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method 1045** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]. 1046** 1047** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]] 1048** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write 1049** operations since the previous successful call to 1050** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically. 1051** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were 1052** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage. 1053** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes 1054** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent 1055** write operations are independent. 1056** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without 1057** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]. 1058** 1059** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]] 1060** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write 1061** operations since the previous successful call to 1062** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back. 1063** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode 1064** so that all subsequent write operations are independent. 1065** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without 1066** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]. 1067** </ul> 1068*/ 1069#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE 1 1070#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE 2 1071#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE 3 1072#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO 4 1073#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT 5 1074#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE 6 1075#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER 7 1076#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED 8 1077#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY 9 1078#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL 10 1079#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE 11 1080#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME 12 1081#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE 13 1082#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA 14 1083#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER 15 1084#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME 16 1085#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE 18 1086#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE 19 1087#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED 20 1088#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC 21 1089#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO 22 1090#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE 23 1091#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK 24 1092#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS 25 1093#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU 26 1094#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER 27 1095#define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER 28 1096#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE 29 1097#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB 30 1098#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE 31 1099#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE 32 1100#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE 33 1101 1102/* deprecated names */ 1103#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE 1104#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE 1105#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO 1106 1107 1108/* 1109** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle 1110** 1111** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an 1112** abstract type for a mutex object. The SQLite core never looks 1113** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex]. It only 1114** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object. 1115** 1116** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()]. 1117*/ 1118typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex; 1119 1120/* 1121** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk 1122** 1123** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as 1124** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions]. This 1125** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings 1126** on some platforms. 1127*/ 1128typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines; 1129 1130/* 1131** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object 1132** 1133** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between 1134** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system. The "vfs" 1135** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system". See 1136** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information. 1137** 1138** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto 1139** the end. Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field 1140** is incremented. The iVersion value started out as 1 in 1141** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2 1142** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased 1143** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6]. Additional fields 1144** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value 1145** may increase again in future versions of SQLite. 1146** Note that the structure 1147** of the sqlite3_vfs object changes in the transition from 1148** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0] 1149** and yet the iVersion field was not modified. 1150** 1151** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file] 1152** structure used by this VFS. mxPathname is the maximum length of 1153** a pathname in this VFS. 1154** 1155** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by 1156** the pNext pointer. The [sqlite3_vfs_register()] 1157** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list 1158** in a thread-safe way. The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface 1159** searches the list. Neither the application code nor the VFS 1160** implementation should use the pNext pointer. 1161** 1162** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs 1163** structure that SQLite will ever modify. SQLite will only access 1164** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex. 1165** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs 1166** object once the object has been registered. 1167** 1168** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module. The name must 1169** be unique across all VFS modules. 1170** 1171** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]] 1172** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen 1173** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained 1174** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added. 1175** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will 1176** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than 1177** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters. 1178** ^SQLite further guarantees that 1179** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is 1180** called. Because of the previous sentence, 1181** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the 1182** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason. 1183** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen 1184** must invent its own temporary name for the file. ^Whenever the 1185** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the 1186** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]. 1187** 1188** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in 1189** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()]. Or if [sqlite3_open()] 1190** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least 1191** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]. 1192** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to 1193** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]. Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set. 1194** 1195** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen() 1196** call, depending on the object being opened: 1197** 1198** <ul> 1199** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB] 1200** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL] 1201** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB] 1202** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL] 1203** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB] 1204** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL] 1205** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL] 1206** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL] 1207** </ul>)^ 1208** 1209** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to 1210** change the way it deals with files. For example, an application 1211** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make 1212** the open of a journal file a no-op. Writes to this journal would 1213** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return 1214** SQLITE_IOERR. Or the implementation might recognize that a database 1215** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random 1216** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly. 1217** 1218** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method: 1219** 1220** <ul> 1221** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] 1222** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] 1223** </ul> 1224** 1225** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be 1226** deleted when it is closed. ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] 1227** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient 1228** databases, and subjournals. 1229** 1230** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction 1231** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly 1232** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open() 1233** API. The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the 1234** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always 1235** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists. 1236** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened 1237** for exclusive access. 1238** 1239** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite 1240** to hold the [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third 1241** argument to xOpen. The xOpen method does not have to 1242** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in. Note that 1243** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either 1244** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL. xOpen must do 1245** this even if the open fails. SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods 1246** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success 1247** or failure of the xOpen call. 1248** 1249** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]] 1250** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS] 1251** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to 1252** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ] 1253** to test whether a file is at least readable. The file can be a 1254** directory. 1255** 1256** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the 1257** output buffer xFullPathname. The exact size of the output buffer 1258** is also passed as a parameter to both methods. If the output buffer 1259** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is 1260** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor 1261** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value. 1262** 1263** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64() 1264** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are 1265** included in the VFS structure for completeness. 1266** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes 1267** of good-quality randomness into zOut. The return value is 1268** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained. 1269** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at 1270** least the number of microseconds given. ^The xCurrentTime() 1271** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as 1272** a floating point value. 1273** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian 1274** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in 1275** a 24-hour day). 1276** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current 1277** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or 1278** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back 1279** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable. 1280** 1281** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces 1282** are not used by the SQLite core. These optional interfaces are provided 1283** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding 1284** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can 1285** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult 1286** or impossible to induce. The set of system calls that can be overridden 1287** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the 1288** next. Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any 1289** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change 1290** from one release to the next. Applications must not attempt to access 1291** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3. 1292*/ 1293typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs; 1294typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void); 1295struct sqlite3_vfs { 1296 int iVersion; /* Structure version number (currently 3) */ 1297 int szOsFile; /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */ 1298 int mxPathname; /* Maximum file pathname length */ 1299 sqlite3_vfs *pNext; /* Next registered VFS */ 1300 const char *zName; /* Name of this virtual file system */ 1301 void *pAppData; /* Pointer to application-specific data */ 1302 int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*, 1303 int flags, int *pOutFlags); 1304 int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir); 1305 int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut); 1306 int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut); 1307 void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename); 1308 void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg); 1309 void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void); 1310 void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*); 1311 int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut); 1312 int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds); 1313 int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*); 1314 int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *); 1315 /* 1316 ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object 1317 ** definition. Those that follow are added in version 2 or later 1318 */ 1319 int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*); 1320 /* 1321 ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object. 1322 ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. 1323 */ 1324 int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr); 1325 sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName); 1326 const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName); 1327 /* 1328 ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object. 1329 ** New fields may be appended in future versions. The iVersion 1330 ** value will increment whenever this happens. 1331 */ 1332}; 1333 1334/* 1335** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method 1336** 1337** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to 1338** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object. They determine 1339** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for. 1340** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method 1341** simply checks whether the file exists. 1342** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method 1343** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable 1344** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within 1345** the directory). 1346** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the 1347** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future 1348** release of SQLite. 1349** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method 1350** checks whether the file is readable. The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is 1351** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of 1352** SQLite. 1353*/ 1354#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS 0 1355#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1 /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */ 1356#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ 2 /* Unused */ 1357 1358/* 1359** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method 1360** 1361** These integer constants define the various locking operations 1362** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods]. The 1363** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the 1364** xShmLock method: 1365** 1366** <ul> 1367** <li> SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED 1368** <li> SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE 1369** <li> SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED 1370** <li> SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE 1371** </ul> 1372** 1373** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as 1374** was given on the corresponding lock. 1375** 1376** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or 1377** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE. It cannot transition between SHARED 1378** and EXCLUSIVE. 1379*/ 1380#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK 1 1381#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK 2 1382#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED 4 1383#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE 8 1384 1385/* 1386** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index 1387** 1388** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values 1389** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument. 1390** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a 1391** lock outside of this range 1392*/ 1393#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK 8 1394 1395 1396/* 1397** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library 1398** 1399** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the 1400** SQLite library. ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine 1401** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize(). 1402** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and 1403** shutdown on embedded systems. Workstation applications using 1404** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines. 1405** 1406** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is 1407** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of 1408** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked 1409** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown(). ^(Only an effective call 1410** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization. All other calls 1411** are harmless no-ops.)^ 1412** 1413** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first 1414** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize(). ^(Only 1415** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization. 1416** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^ 1417** 1418** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown() 1419** is not. The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a 1420** single thread. All open [database connections] must be closed and all 1421** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking 1422** sqlite3_shutdown(). 1423** 1424** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke 1425** sqlite3_os_init(). Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown() 1426** will invoke sqlite3_os_end(). 1427** 1428** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success. 1429** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize 1430** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such 1431** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK]. 1432** 1433** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other 1434** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to 1435** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly. For example, [sqlite3_open()] 1436** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically 1437** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized 1438** already. ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] 1439** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize() 1440** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly 1441** prior to using any other SQLite interface. For maximum portability, 1442** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize() 1443** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface. Future releases 1444** of SQLite may require this. In other words, the behavior exhibited 1445** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the 1446** default behavior in some future release of SQLite. 1447** 1448** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific 1449** initialization of the SQLite library. The sqlite3_os_end() 1450** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init(). Typical tasks 1451** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation 1452** of static resources, initialization of global variables, 1453** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up 1454** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()]. 1455** 1456** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init() 1457** or sqlite3_os_end() directly. The application should only invoke 1458** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown(). The sqlite3_os_init() 1459** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and 1460** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown(). Appropriate 1461** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end() 1462** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2. 1463** When [custom builds | built for other platforms] 1464** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time 1465** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for 1466** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end(). An application-supplied 1467** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end() 1468** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon 1469** failure. 1470*/ 1471int sqlite3_initialize(void); 1472int sqlite3_shutdown(void); 1473int sqlite3_os_init(void); 1474int sqlite3_os_end(void); 1475 1476/* 1477** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library 1478** 1479** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration 1480** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of 1481** the application. The default configuration is recommended for most 1482** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary. It is 1483** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs. 1484** 1485** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application 1486** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other 1487** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b> 1488** 1489** The sqlite3_config() interface 1490** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using 1491** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()]. 1492** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before 1493** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE. 1494** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the 1495** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()]. 1496** 1497** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer 1498** [configuration option] that determines 1499** what property of SQLite is to be configured. Subsequent arguments 1500** vary depending on the [configuration option] 1501** in the first argument. 1502** 1503** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK]. 1504** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option 1505** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code]. 1506*/ 1507int sqlite3_config(int, ...); 1508 1509/* 1510** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections 1511** METHOD: sqlite3 1512** 1513** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration 1514** changes to a [database connection]. The interface is similar to 1515** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single 1516** [database connection] (specified in the first argument). 1517** 1518** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...) is the 1519** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code 1520** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured. 1521** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb. 1522** 1523** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if 1524** the call is considered successful. 1525*/ 1526int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...); 1527 1528/* 1529** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines 1530** 1531** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite 1532** and low-level memory allocation routines. 1533** 1534** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface. 1535** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to 1536** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is 1537** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]. 1538** By creating an instance of this object 1539** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]) 1540** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative 1541** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its 1542** dynamic memory needs. 1543** 1544** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators] 1545** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications 1546** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications 1547** with specialized memory allocation requirements. This object is 1548** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative 1549** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in 1550** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such 1551** conditions. 1552** 1553** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the 1554** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library. 1555** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to 1556** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup. 1557** 1558** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation 1559** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc. The allocated size 1560** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger. 1561** 1562** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of 1563** a memory allocation given a particular requested size. Most memory 1564** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple 1565** of 8. Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2. 1566** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()] 1567** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup. If xRoundup returns 0, 1568** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail. 1569** 1570** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator. For example, 1571** it might allocate any require mutexes or initialize internal data 1572** structures. The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by 1573** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired 1574** by xInit. The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to 1575** xInit and xShutdown. 1576** 1577** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER] mutex when it invokes 1578** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe. The 1579** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does 1580** not need to be threadsafe either. For all other methods, SQLite 1581** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the 1582** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which 1583** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized. 1584** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other 1585** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for 1586** serialization. 1587** 1588** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening 1589** call to xShutdown(). 1590*/ 1591typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods; 1592struct sqlite3_mem_methods { 1593 void *(*xMalloc)(int); /* Memory allocation function */ 1594 void (*xFree)(void*); /* Free a prior allocation */ 1595 void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int); /* Resize an allocation */ 1596 int (*xSize)(void*); /* Return the size of an allocation */ 1597 int (*xRoundup)(int); /* Round up request size to allocation size */ 1598 int (*xInit)(void*); /* Initialize the memory allocator */ 1599 void (*xShutdown)(void*); /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */ 1600 void *pAppData; /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */ 1601}; 1602 1603/* 1604** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options 1605** KEYWORDS: {configuration option} 1606** 1607** These constants are the available integer configuration options that 1608** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface. 1609** 1610** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite. 1611** Existing configuration options might be discontinued. Applications 1612** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that 1613** the call worked. The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a 1614** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option 1615** is invoked. 1616** 1617** <dl> 1618** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt> 1619** <dd>There are no arguments to this option. ^This option sets the 1620** [threading mode] to Single-thread. In other words, it disables 1621** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used 1622** by a single thread. ^If SQLite is compiled with 1623** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then 1624** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default 1625** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return 1626** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD 1627** configuration option.</dd> 1628** 1629** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt> 1630** <dd>There are no arguments to this option. ^This option sets the 1631** [threading mode] to Multi-thread. In other words, it disables 1632** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects. 1633** The application is responsible for serializing access to 1634** [database connections] and [prepared statements]. But other mutexes 1635** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded 1636** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same 1637** [database connection] at the same time. ^If SQLite is compiled with 1638** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then 1639** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and 1640** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the 1641** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd> 1642** 1643** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt> 1644** <dd>There are no arguments to this option. ^This option sets the 1645** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables 1646** all mutexes including the recursive 1647** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects. 1648** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with 1649** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access 1650** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the 1651** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the 1652** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time. 1653** ^If SQLite is compiled with 1654** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then 1655** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and 1656** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the 1657** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd> 1658** 1659** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt> 1660** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is 1661** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure. 1662** The argument specifies 1663** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of 1664** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes 1665** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure 1666** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd> 1667** 1668** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt> 1669** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which 1670** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure. 1671** The [sqlite3_mem_methods] 1672** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^ 1673** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation 1674** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or 1675** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd> 1676** 1677** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC</dt> 1678** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes single argument of 1679** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to 1680** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible. 1681** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations, 1682** but some application might prefer to run slower in exchange for 1683** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large 1684** allocations are avoided. This hint is normally off. 1685** </dd> 1686** 1687** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt> 1688** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int, 1689** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of 1690** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are 1691** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational: 1692** <ul> 1693** <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()] 1694** <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] 1695** <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] 1696** <li> [sqlite3_status64()] 1697** </ul>)^ 1698** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is 1699** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory 1700** allocation statistics are disabled by default. 1701** </dd> 1702** 1703** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt> 1704** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used. 1705** </dd> 1706** 1707** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt> 1708** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool 1709** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page 1710** cache implementation. 1711** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-define page 1712** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]. 1713** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to 1714** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz), 1715** and the number of cache lines (N). 1716** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page 1717** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each 1718** page header. ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header 1719** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]. 1720** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory, 1721** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary. The pMem 1722** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte 1723** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise 1724** subsequent behavior is undefined. 1725** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided 1726** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if 1727** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer 1728** is exhausted. 1729** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection 1730** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory 1731** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or 1732** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional 1733** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial 1734** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each 1735** additional cache line. </dd> 1736** 1737** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt> 1738** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer 1739** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs 1740** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]. 1741** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled 1742** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns 1743** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise. 1744** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP: 1745** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory, 1746** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size. 1747** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts 1748** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation), 1749** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]. ^If the 1750** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory 1751** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs. 1752** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte 1753** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined. 1754** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values 1755** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd> 1756** 1757** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt> 1758** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a 1759** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure. 1760** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used 1761** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes a copy of 1762** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to 1763** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with 1764** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then 1765** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to 1766** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will 1767** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd> 1768** 1769** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt> 1770** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which 1771** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure. The 1772** [sqlite3_mutex_methods] 1773** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^ 1774** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation 1775** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance 1776** profiling or testing, for example. ^If SQLite is compiled with 1777** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then 1778** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to 1779** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will 1780** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd> 1781** 1782** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt> 1783** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine 1784** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection]. 1785** The first argument is the 1786** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of 1787** slots allocated to each database connection.)^ ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE 1788** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE] 1789** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside 1790** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd> 1791** 1792** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt> 1793** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is 1794** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object. This object specifies 1795** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^ 1796** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd> 1797** 1798** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt> 1799** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which 1800** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object. SQLite copies of 1801** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd> 1802** 1803** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt> 1804** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite 1805** global [error log]. 1806** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a 1807** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*), 1808** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is 1809** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event. ^If the 1810** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op. 1811** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is 1812** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger 1813** function whenever that function is invoked. ^The second parameter to 1814** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding 1815** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an 1816** [extended result code]. ^The third parameter passed to the logger is 1817** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()]. 1818** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function 1819** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface. 1820** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger 1821** function must be threadsafe. </dd> 1822** 1823** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI 1824** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int. 1825** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero, 1826** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally 1827** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], 1828** [sqlite3_open16()] or 1829** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless 1830** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database 1831** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are 1832** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the 1833** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally 1834** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the 1835** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^ 1836** 1837** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 1838** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer 1839** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable 1840** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer. 1841** ^The default setting is determined 1842** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on" 1843** if that compile-time option is omitted. 1844** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans 1845** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction 1846** when the optimization is enabled. Providing the ability to 1847** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work 1848** without change even with newer versions of SQLite. 1849** 1850** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]] 1851** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE 1852** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code. 1853** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops. 1854** </dd> 1855** 1856** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]] 1857** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG 1858** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the 1859** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should 1860** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int). 1861** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library 1862** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the 1863** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection 1864** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument 1865** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the 1866** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter 1867** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then 1868** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The 1869** third parameter is passed NULL In this case. An example of using this 1870** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in 1871** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd> 1872** 1873** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]] 1874** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE 1875** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values 1876** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for 1877** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit. 1878** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using 1879** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the 1880** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control. ^(The maximum allowed mmap size 1881** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the 1882** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the 1883** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^ 1884** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is 1885** changed to its compile-time default. 1886** 1887** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]] 1888** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE 1889** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is 1890** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro 1891** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value 1892** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap. 1893** 1894** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]] 1895** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ 1896** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which 1897** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra 1898** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]. 1899** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler, 1900** target platform, and SQLite version. 1901** 1902** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]] 1903** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ 1904** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which 1905** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded 1906** sorter to that integer. The default minimum PMA Size is set by the 1907** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option. New threads are launched 1908** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting 1909** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content 1910** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the 1911** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value. 1912** 1913** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]] 1914** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL 1915** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which 1916** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold. 1917** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes) 1918** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk. 1919** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held 1920** exclusively in memory. 1921** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill 1922** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of 1923** I/O required to support statement rollback. 1924** The default value for this setting is controlled by the 1925** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option. 1926** </dl> 1927*/ 1928#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD 1 /* nil */ 1929#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD 2 /* nil */ 1930#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED 3 /* nil */ 1931#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC 4 /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */ 1932#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC 5 /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */ 1933#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH 6 /* No longer used */ 1934#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE 7 /* void*, int sz, int N */ 1935#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP 8 /* void*, int nByte, int min */ 1936#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS 9 /* boolean */ 1937#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX 10 /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */ 1938#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX 11 /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */ 1939/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */ 1940#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE 13 /* int int */ 1941#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE 14 /* no-op */ 1942#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE 15 /* no-op */ 1943#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG 16 /* xFunc, void* */ 1944#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI 17 /* int */ 1945#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 18 /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */ 1946#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 19 /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */ 1947#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20 /* int */ 1948#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG 21 /* xSqllog, void* */ 1949#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE 22 /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */ 1950#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE 23 /* int nByte */ 1951#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ 24 /* int *psz */ 1952#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ 25 /* unsigned int szPma */ 1953#define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL 26 /* int nByte */ 1954#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC 27 /* boolean */ 1955 1956/* 1957** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options 1958** 1959** These constants are the available integer configuration options that 1960** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface. 1961** 1962** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite. 1963** Existing configuration options might be discontinued. Applications 1964** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that 1965** the call worked. ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a 1966** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option 1967** is invoked. 1968** 1969** <dl> 1970** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt> 1971** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the 1972** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection]. 1973** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a 1974** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory. 1975** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb 1976** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the 1977** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the 1978** size of each lookaside buffer slot. ^The third argument is the number of 1979** slots. The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than 1980** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments. The buffer 1981** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary. ^If the second argument to 1982** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally 1983** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8. ^(The lookaside memory 1984** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that 1985** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words 1986** when the "current value" returned by 1987** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero. 1988** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside 1989** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns 1990** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd> 1991** 1992** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt> 1993** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of 1994** [foreign key constraints]. There should be two additional arguments. 1995** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement, 1996** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement 1997** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which 1998** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on 1999** following this call. The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in 2000** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd> 2001** 2002** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt> 2003** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers]. 2004** There should be two additional arguments. 2005** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers, 2006** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged. 2007** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which 2008** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled 2009** following this call. The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in 2010** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd> 2011** 2012** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt> 2013** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the two-argument 2014** version of the [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the 2015** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension. 2016** There should be two additional arguments. 2017** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or 2018** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting 2019** unchanged. 2020** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which 2021** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled 2022** following this call. The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in 2023** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd> 2024** 2025** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt> 2026** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()] 2027** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function. 2028** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the 2029** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()]. 2030** There should be two additional arguments. 2031** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is 2032** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled. If the first argument to 2033** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled. 2034** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the 2035** C-API or the SQL function. 2036** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which 2037** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface 2038** is disabled or enabled following this call. The second parameter may 2039** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back. 2040** </dd> 2041** 2042** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt> 2043** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database 2044** schema. ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string 2045** which will become the new schema name in place of "main". ^SQLite 2046** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application 2047** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged 2048** until after the database connection closes. 2049** </dd> 2050** 2051** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt> 2052** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a 2053** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no 2054** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint 2055** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to 2056** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation 2057** is an integer - non-zero to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the 2058** default) to enable them. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer 2059** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close 2060** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are. 2061** </dd> 2062** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt> 2063** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates 2064** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG). When the QPSG is active, 2065** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless 2066** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations 2067** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries 2068** slower. But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior. With 2069** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as 2070** was used during testing in the lab. 2071** </dd> 2072** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt> 2073** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not 2074** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This 2075** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this 2076** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer - 2077** non-zero to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it. 2078** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written 2079** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if 2080** it is not disabled, 1 if it is. 2081** </dd> 2082** </dl> 2083*/ 2084#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME 1000 /* const char* */ 2085#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE 1001 /* void* int int */ 2086#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY 1002 /* int int* */ 2087#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER 1003 /* int int* */ 2088#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */ 2089#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */ 2090#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE 1006 /* int int* */ 2091#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG 1007 /* int int* */ 2092#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP 1008 /* int int* */ 2093#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX 1008 /* Largest DBCONFIG */ 2094 2095/* 2096** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes 2097** METHOD: sqlite3 2098** 2099** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the 2100** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result 2101** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility. 2102*/ 2103int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff); 2104 2105/* 2106** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid 2107** METHOD: sqlite3 2108** 2109** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables) 2110** has a unique 64-bit signed 2111** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available 2112** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those 2113** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If 2114** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column 2115** is another alias for the rowid. 2116** 2117** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of 2118** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table] 2119** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not 2120** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred 2121** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns 2122** zero. 2123** 2124** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database 2125** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by 2126** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] 2127** 2128** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as 2129** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory 2130** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid 2131** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to 2132** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid 2133** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original 2134** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning 2135** control to the user. 2136** 2137** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will 2138** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is 2139** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned 2140** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^ 2141** 2142** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a 2143** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this 2144** routine. ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK, 2145** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this 2146** routine when their insertion fails. ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE 2147** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail. The 2148** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused 2149** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change 2150** the return value of this interface.)^ 2151** 2152** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to 2153** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back. 2154** 2155** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the 2156** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function]. 2157** 2158** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same 2159** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] 2160** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid], 2161** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is 2162** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new 2163** last insert [rowid]. 2164*/ 2165sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*); 2166 2167/* 2168** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value. 2169** METHOD: sqlite3 2170** 2171** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to 2172** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R 2173** without inserting a row into the database. 2174*/ 2175void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64); 2176 2177/* 2178** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified 2179** METHOD: sqlite3 2180** 2181** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or 2182** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE 2183** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter. 2184** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value 2185** returned by this function. 2186** 2187** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are 2188** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers], 2189** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted. 2190** 2191** Changes to a view that are intercepted by 2192** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value 2193** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or 2194** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real 2195** tables are counted. 2196** 2197** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is 2198** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the 2199** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback 2200** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially: 2201** 2202** <ul> 2203** <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by 2204** sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program 2205** has finished, the original value is restored.)^ 2206** 2207** <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE 2208** statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes() 2209** upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include 2210** any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes() 2211** value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^ 2212** </ul> 2213** 2214** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used 2215** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it 2216** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing. 2217** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger 2218** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the 2219** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger. 2220** 2221** See also the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface, the 2222** [count_changes pragma], and the [changes() SQL function]. 2223** 2224** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection 2225** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned 2226** is unpredictable and not meaningful. 2227*/ 2228int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*); 2229 2230/* 2231** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified 2232** METHOD: sqlite3 2233** 2234** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or 2235** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed 2236** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as 2237** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement 2238** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes(). 2239** 2240** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the 2241** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are 2242** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers 2243** are not counted. 2244** 2245** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface, the 2246** [count_changes pragma], and the [total_changes() SQL function]. 2247** 2248** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection 2249** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value 2250** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful. 2251*/ 2252int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*); 2253 2254/* 2255** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query 2256** METHOD: sqlite3 2257** 2258** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and 2259** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically 2260** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel" 2261** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt 2262** immediately. 2263** 2264** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the 2265** thread that is currently running the database operation. But it 2266** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that 2267** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns. 2268** 2269** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when 2270** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity 2271** to be interrupted and might continue to completion. 2272** 2273** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]. 2274** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE 2275** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction 2276** will be rolled back automatically. 2277** 2278** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running 2279** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete. ^Any new SQL statements 2280** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the 2281** running statements reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been 2282** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call. ^New SQL statements 2283** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are 2284** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt(). 2285** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running 2286** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements 2287** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns. 2288*/ 2289void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*); 2290 2291/* 2292** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete 2293** 2294** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the 2295** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or 2296** if additional input is needed before sending the text into 2297** SQLite for parsing. ^These routines return 1 if the input string 2298** appears to be a complete SQL statement. ^A statement is judged to be 2299** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a 2300** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement. ^Semicolons that are embedded within 2301** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not 2302** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are 2303** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator. ^Whitespace 2304** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored. 2305** 2306** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete. ^If a 2307** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned. 2308** 2309** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus 2310** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL. 2311** 2312** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior 2313** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked 2314** automatically by sqlite3_complete16(). If that initialization fails, 2315** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero 2316** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^ 2317** 2318** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated 2319** UTF-8 string. 2320** 2321** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated 2322** UTF-16 string in native byte order. 2323*/ 2324int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql); 2325int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql); 2326 2327/* 2328** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors 2329** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler} 2330** METHOD: sqlite3 2331** 2332** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X 2333** that might be invoked with argument P whenever 2334** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with 2335** [database connection] D when another thread 2336** or process has the table locked. 2337** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement 2338** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout]. 2339** 2340** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY] 2341** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock. ^If the busy callback 2342** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments. 2343** 2344** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which 2345** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler(). ^The second argument to 2346** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has 2347** been invoked previously for the same locking event. ^If the 2348** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to 2349** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned 2350** to the application. 2351** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt 2352** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats. 2353** 2354** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked 2355** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy 2356** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY] 2357** to the application instead of invoking the 2358** busy handler. 2359** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that 2360** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and 2361** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying 2362** to promote to an exclusive lock. The first process cannot proceed 2363** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot 2364** proceed because it is blocked by the first. If both processes 2365** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress. Therefore, 2366** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this 2367** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow 2368** the second process to proceed. 2369** 2370** ^The default busy callback is NULL. 2371** 2372** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each 2373** [database connection]. Setting a new busy handler clears any 2374** previously set handler.)^ ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] 2375** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the 2376** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler. 2377** 2378** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the 2379** database connection that invoked the busy handler. In other words, 2380** the busy handler is not reentrant. Any such actions 2381** result in undefined behavior. 2382** 2383** A busy handler must not close the database connection 2384** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler. 2385*/ 2386int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*); 2387 2388/* 2389** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout 2390** METHOD: sqlite3 2391** 2392** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps 2393** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked. ^The handler 2394** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping 2395** have accumulated. ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping, 2396** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return 2397** [SQLITE_BUSY]. 2398** 2399** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero 2400** turns off all busy handlers. 2401** 2402** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular 2403** [database connection] at any given moment. If another busy handler 2404** was defined (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling 2405** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^ 2406** 2407** See also: [PRAGMA busy_timeout] 2408*/ 2409int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms); 2410 2411/* 2412** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries 2413** METHOD: sqlite3 2414** 2415** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility. 2416** Use of this interface is not recommended. 2417** 2418** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the 2419** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface. A result table records the 2420** complete query results from one or more queries. 2421** 2422** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns. But 2423** these numbers are not part of the result table itself. These 2424** numbers are obtained separately. Let N be the number of rows 2425** and M be the number of columns. 2426** 2427** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings. 2428** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array. The first M pointers point 2429** to zero-terminated strings that contain the names of the columns. 2430** The remaining entries all point to query results. NULL values result 2431** in NULL pointers. All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated 2432** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()]. 2433** 2434** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations. 2435** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()]. 2436** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()]. 2437** 2438** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result 2439** is as follows: 2440** 2441** <blockquote><pre> 2442** Name | Age 2443** ----------------------- 2444** Alice | 43 2445** Bob | 28 2446** Cindy | 21 2447** </pre></blockquote> 2448** 2449** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3). Thus the 2450** result table has 8 entries. Suppose the result table is stored 2451** in an array names azResult. Then azResult holds this content: 2452** 2453** <blockquote><pre> 2454** azResult[0] = "Name"; 2455** azResult[1] = "Age"; 2456** azResult[2] = "Alice"; 2457** azResult[3] = "43"; 2458** azResult[4] = "Bob"; 2459** azResult[5] = "28"; 2460** azResult[6] = "Cindy"; 2461** azResult[7] = "21"; 2462** </pre></blockquote>)^ 2463** 2464** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more 2465** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8 2466** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the 2467** pointer given in its 3rd parameter. 2468** 2469** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(), 2470** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to 2471** release the memory that was malloced. Because of the way the 2472** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling 2473** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly. Only 2474** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely. 2475** 2476** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around 2477** [sqlite3_exec()]. The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access 2478** to any internal data structures of SQLite. It uses only the public 2479** interface defined here. As a consequence, errors that occur in the 2480** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not 2481** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or 2482** [sqlite3_errmsg()]. 2483*/ 2484int sqlite3_get_table( 2485 sqlite3 *db, /* An open database */ 2486 const char *zSql, /* SQL to be evaluated */ 2487 char ***pazResult, /* Results of the query */ 2488 int *pnRow, /* Number of result rows written here */ 2489 int *pnColumn, /* Number of result columns written here */ 2490 char **pzErrmsg /* Error msg written here */ 2491); 2492void sqlite3_free_table(char **result); 2493 2494/* 2495** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions 2496** 2497** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions 2498** from the standard C library. 2499** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from 2500** the standard library printf() 2501** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]). 2502** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details. 2503** 2504** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their 2505** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]. 2506** The strings returned by these two routines should be 2507** released by [sqlite3_free()]. ^Both routines return a 2508** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough 2509** memory to hold the resulting string. 2510** 2511** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from 2512** the standard C library. The result is written into the 2513** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by 2514** the first parameter. Note that the order of the 2515** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^ This is an 2516** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking 2517** backwards compatibility. ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf() 2518** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of 2519** characters actually written into the buffer.)^ We admit that 2520** the number of characters written would be a more useful return 2521** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf() 2522** now without breaking compatibility. 2523** 2524** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf() 2525** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated. ^The first 2526** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for 2527** the zero terminator. So the longest string that can be completely 2528** written will be n-1 characters. 2529** 2530** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf(). 2531** 2532** See also: [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function] 2533*/ 2534char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...); 2535char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list); 2536char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...); 2537char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list); 2538 2539/* 2540** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem 2541** 2542** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own 2543** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence 2544** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation. The 2545** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations. 2546** 2547** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block 2548** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter. 2549** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free 2550** memory, it returns a NULL pointer. ^If the parameter N to 2551** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns 2552** a NULL pointer. 2553** 2554** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like 2555** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead 2556** of a signed 32-bit integer. 2557** 2558** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned 2559** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so 2560** that it might be reused. ^The sqlite3_free() routine is 2561** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer. Passing a NULL pointer 2562** to sqlite3_free() is harmless. After being freed, memory 2563** should neither be read nor written. Even reading previously freed 2564** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error. 2565** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error 2566** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that 2567** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc(). 2568** 2569** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a 2570** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes. 2571** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) 2572** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling 2573** sqlite3_malloc(N). 2574** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or 2575** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling 2576** sqlite3_free(X). 2577** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation 2578** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available. 2579** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes 2580** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned 2581** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed. 2582** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the 2583** prior allocation is not freed. 2584** 2585** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as 2586** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead 2587** of a 32-bit signed integer. 2588** 2589** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(), 2590** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then 2591** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes. 2592** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number 2593** of bytes requested when X was allocated. ^If X is a NULL pointer then 2594** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero. If X points to something that is not 2595** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly 2596** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior 2597** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful. 2598** 2599** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(), 2600** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64() 2601** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a 2602** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time 2603** option is used. 2604** 2605** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define 2606** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in 2607** implementation of these routines to be omitted. That capability 2608** is no longer provided. Only built-in memory allocators can be used. 2609** 2610** Prior to SQLite version 3.7.10, the Windows OS interface layer called 2611** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting 2612** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite 2613** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows 2614** installation. Memory allocation errors were detected, but 2615** they were reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or 2616** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM]. 2617** 2618** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()] 2619** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior 2620** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have 2621** not yet been released. 2622** 2623** The application must not read or write any part of 2624** a block of memory after it has been released using 2625** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()]. 2626*/ 2627void *sqlite3_malloc(int); 2628void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64); 2629void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int); 2630void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64); 2631void sqlite3_free(void*); 2632sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*); 2633 2634/* 2635** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics 2636** 2637** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status 2638** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()] 2639** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem. 2640** 2641** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes 2642** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed). 2643** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum 2644** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark 2645** was last reset. ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and 2646** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead 2647** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()], 2648** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library 2649** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call. 2650** 2651** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of 2652** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to 2653** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true. ^The value returned 2654** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark 2655** prior to the reset. 2656*/ 2657sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void); 2658sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag); 2659 2660/* 2661** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator 2662** 2663** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to 2664** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that 2665** already uses the largest possible [ROWID]. The PRNG is also used for 2666** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions. This interface allows 2667** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes. 2668** 2669** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P. 2670** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer. 2671** 2672** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous 2673** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is 2674** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of 2675** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object. 2676** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a 2677** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated 2678** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness 2679** method. 2680*/ 2681void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P); 2682 2683/* 2684** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks 2685** METHOD: sqlite3 2686** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback} 2687** 2688** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular 2689** [database connection], supplied in the first argument. 2690** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled 2691** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], 2692** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], 2693** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()]. ^At various 2694** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created 2695** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to 2696** see if those actions are allowed. ^The authorizer callback should 2697** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the 2698** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be 2699** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be 2700** rejected with an error. ^If the authorizer callback returns 2701** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY] 2702** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered 2703** the authorizer will fail with an error message. 2704** 2705** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation 2706** requested is ok. ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the 2707** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the 2708** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that 2709** access is denied. 2710** 2711** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third 2712** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter 2713** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies 2714** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters 2715** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings 2716** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized. 2717** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any 2718** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback. 2719** 2720** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ] 2721** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the 2722** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute 2723** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have 2724** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned. The [SQLITE_IGNORE] 2725** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual 2726** columns of a table. 2727** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are 2728** extracted from that table (for example in a query like 2729** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback 2730** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string. 2731** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns 2732** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the 2733** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually. 2734** 2735** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing] 2736** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements 2737** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not 2738** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database. For 2739** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary 2740** SQL queries for evaluation by a database. But the application does 2741** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the 2742** database. An authorizer could then be put in place while the 2743** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that 2744** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements. 2745** 2746** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources 2747** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()] 2748** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA] 2749** in addition to using an authorizer. 2750** 2751** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection 2752** at a time. Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the 2753** previous call.)^ ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback. 2754** The authorizer is disabled by default. 2755** 2756** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify 2757** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback. 2758** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their 2759** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph. 2760** 2761** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the 2762** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a 2763** schema change. Hence, the application should ensure that the 2764** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()]. 2765** 2766** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during 2767** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants. Authorization is not 2768** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless 2769** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes 2770** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change. 2771*/ 2772int sqlite3_set_authorizer( 2773 sqlite3*, 2774 int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*), 2775 void *pUserData 2776); 2777 2778/* 2779** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes 2780** 2781** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must 2782** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order 2783** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted. See the 2784** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional 2785** information. 2786** 2787** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode] 2788** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface. 2789*/ 2790#define SQLITE_DENY 1 /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */ 2791#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */ 2792 2793/* 2794** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes 2795** 2796** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function 2797** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions. The 2798** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies 2799** what action is being authorized. These are the integer action codes that 2800** the authorizer callback may be passed. 2801** 2802** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be 2803** authorized. The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization 2804** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these 2805** codes is used as the second parameter. ^(The 5th parameter to the 2806** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp", 2807** etc.) if applicable.)^ ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback 2808** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for 2809** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from 2810** top-level SQL code. 2811*/ 2812/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/ 2813#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX 1 /* Index Name Table Name */ 2814#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE 2 /* Table Name NULL */ 2815#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX 3 /* Index Name Table Name */ 2816#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE 4 /* Table Name NULL */ 2817#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER 5 /* Trigger Name Table Name */ 2818#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW 6 /* View Name NULL */ 2819#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER 7 /* Trigger Name Table Name */ 2820#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW 8 /* View Name NULL */ 2821#define SQLITE_DELETE 9 /* Table Name NULL */ 2822#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX 10 /* Index Name Table Name */ 2823#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE 11 /* Table Name NULL */ 2824#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX 12 /* Index Name Table Name */ 2825#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE 13 /* Table Name NULL */ 2826#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER 14 /* Trigger Name Table Name */ 2827#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW 15 /* View Name NULL */ 2828#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER 16 /* Trigger Name Table Name */ 2829#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW 17 /* View Name NULL */ 2830#define SQLITE_INSERT 18 /* Table Name NULL */ 2831#define SQLITE_PRAGMA 19 /* Pragma Name 1st arg or NULL */ 2832#define SQLITE_READ 20 /* Table Name Column Name */ 2833#define SQLITE_SELECT 21 /* NULL NULL */ 2834#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION 22 /* Operation NULL */ 2835#define SQLITE_UPDATE 23 /* Table Name Column Name */ 2836#define SQLITE_ATTACH 24 /* Filename NULL */ 2837#define SQLITE_DETACH 25 /* Database Name NULL */ 2838#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE 26 /* Database Name Table Name */ 2839#define SQLITE_REINDEX 27 /* Index Name NULL */ 2840#define SQLITE_ANALYZE 28 /* Table Name NULL */ 2841#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE 29 /* Table Name Module Name */ 2842#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE 30 /* Table Name Module Name */ 2843#define SQLITE_FUNCTION 31 /* NULL Function Name */ 2844#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT 32 /* Operation Savepoint Name */ 2845#define SQLITE_COPY 0 /* No longer used */ 2846#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE 33 /* NULL NULL */ 2847 2848/* 2849** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions 2850** METHOD: sqlite3 2851** 2852** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface 2853** instead of the routines described here. 2854** 2855** These routines register callback functions that can be used for 2856** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements. 2857** 2858** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at 2859** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()]. 2860** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the 2861** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing. 2862** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur 2863** as each triggered subprogram is entered. The callbacks for triggers 2864** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^ 2865** 2866** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit 2867** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace(). 2868** 2869** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked 2870** as each SQL statement finishes. ^The profile callback contains 2871** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time 2872** of how long that statement took to run. ^The profile callback 2873** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation 2874** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant 2875** digits in the time are meaningless. Future versions of SQLite 2876** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback. The 2877** sqlite3_profile() function is considered experimental and is 2878** subject to change in future versions of SQLite. 2879*/ 2880SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, 2881 void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*); 2882SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*, 2883 void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*); 2884 2885/* 2886** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes 2887** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE 2888** 2889** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored 2890** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic. The M argument 2891** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of 2892** the following constants. ^The first argument to the trace callback 2893** is one of the following constants. 2894** 2895** New tracing constants may be added in future releases. 2896** 2897** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X). 2898** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above. 2899** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the 2900** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()]. 2901** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T. 2902** 2903** <dl> 2904** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt> 2905** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement 2906** first begins running and possibly at other times during the 2907** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each 2908** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the 2909** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which 2910** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment 2911** that indicates the invocation of a trigger. ^The callback can compute 2912** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()] 2913** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking 2914** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise. 2915** 2916** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt> 2917** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same 2918** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback. 2919** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the 2920** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of 2921** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run. 2922** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes. 2923** 2924** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt> 2925** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared 2926** statement generates a single row of result. 2927** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the 2928** X argument is unused. 2929** 2930** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt> 2931** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database 2932** connection closes. 2933** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object 2934** and the X argument is unused. 2935** </dl> 2936*/ 2937#define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT 0x01 2938#define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE 0x02 2939#define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW 0x04 2940#define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE 0x08 2941 2942/* 2943** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook 2944** METHOD: sqlite3 2945** 2946** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback 2947** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M 2948** and context pointer P. ^If the X callback is 2949** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled. The 2950** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of 2951** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants. 2952** 2953** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides 2954** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2(). 2955** 2956** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by 2957** mask M occur. ^The integer return value from the callback is currently 2958** ignored, though this may change in future releases. Callback 2959** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility. 2960** 2961** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X). 2962** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE] 2963** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked. 2964** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer. 2965** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T. 2966** 2967** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy 2968** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which 2969** are deprecated. 2970*/ 2971int sqlite3_trace_v2( 2972 sqlite3*, 2973 unsigned uMask, 2974 int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*), 2975 void *pCtx 2976); 2977 2978/* 2979** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks 2980** METHOD: sqlite3 2981** 2982** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback 2983** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to 2984** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for 2985** database connection D. An example use for this 2986** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query. 2987** 2988** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the 2989** callback function X. ^The parameter N is the approximate number of 2990** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive 2991** invocations of the callback X. ^If N is less than one then the progress 2992** handler is disabled. 2993** 2994** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per 2995** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the 2996** old one. ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler. 2997** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less 2998** than 1. 2999** 3000** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is 3001** interrupted. This feature can be used to implement a 3002** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box. 3003** 3004** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify 3005** the database connection that invoked the progress handler. 3006** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their 3007** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph. 3008** 3009*/ 3010void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*); 3011 3012/* 3013** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection 3014** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3 3015** 3016** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the 3017** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for 3018** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte 3019** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually 3020** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs. The only exception is that 3021** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object, 3022** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3] 3023** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then 3024** [SQLITE_OK] is returned. Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The 3025** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain 3026** an English language description of the error following a failure of any 3027** of the sqlite3_open() routines. 3028** 3029** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using 3030** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2(). ^The default encoding for databases 3031** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order. 3032** 3033** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources 3034** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by 3035** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required. 3036** 3037** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open() 3038** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control 3039** over the new database connection. ^(The flags parameter to 3040** sqlite3_open_v2() can take one of 3041** the following three values, optionally combined with the 3042** [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE], 3043** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE], and/or [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flags:)^ 3044** 3045** <dl> 3046** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt> 3047** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode. If the database does not 3048** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^ 3049** 3050** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt> 3051** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading 3052** only if the file is write protected by the operating system. In either 3053** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^ 3054** 3055** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt> 3056** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if 3057** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for 3058** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^ 3059** </dl> 3060** 3061** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the 3062** combinations shown above optionally combined with other 3063** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits] 3064** then the behavior is undefined. 3065** 3066** ^If the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] flag is set, then the database connection 3067** opens in the multi-thread [threading mode] as long as the single-thread 3068** mode has not been set at compile-time or start-time. ^If the 3069** [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flag is set then the database connection opens 3070** in the serialized [threading mode] unless single-thread was 3071** previously selected at compile-time or start-time. 3072** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag causes the database connection to be 3073** eligible to use [shared cache mode], regardless of whether or not shared 3074** cache is enabled using [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()]. ^The 3075** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE] flag causes the database connection to not 3076** participate in [shared cache mode] even if it is enabled. 3077** 3078** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the 3079** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that 3080** the new database connection should use. ^If the fourth parameter is 3081** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used. 3082** 3083** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database 3084** is created for the connection. ^This in-memory database will vanish when 3085** the database connection is closed. Future versions of SQLite might 3086** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character. 3087** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with 3088** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as 3089** "./" to avoid ambiguity. 3090** 3091** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary 3092** on-disk database will be created. ^This private database will be 3093** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed. 3094** 3095** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3> 3096** 3097** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument 3098** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI 3099** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is 3100** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has 3101** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the 3102** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option. 3103** URI filename interpretation is turned off 3104** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename 3105** interpretation by default. See "[URI filenames]" for additional 3106** information. 3107** 3108** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an 3109** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string 3110** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an 3111** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if 3112** present, is ignored. 3113** 3114** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file 3115** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character, 3116** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin 3117** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI) 3118** then the path is interpreted as a relative path. 3119** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path 3120** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^ 3121** 3122** [[core URI query parameters]] 3123** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted 3124** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation]. 3125** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the 3126** following query parameters: 3127** 3128** <ul> 3129** <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of 3130** a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should 3131** be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to 3132** an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown 3133** VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is 3134** present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over 3135** the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2(). 3136** 3137** <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw", 3138** "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is 3139** an error)^. 3140** ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only 3141** access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the 3142** third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to 3143** "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create) 3144** access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had 3145** been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both 3146** SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE. ^If the mode option is 3147** set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads 3148** or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for 3149** the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by 3150** the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2(). 3151** 3152** <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or 3153** "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the 3154** SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to 3155** sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is 3156** equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit. 3157** ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in 3158** a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting 3159** SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag. 3160** 3161** <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the 3162** [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the 3163** storage media on which the database file resides. 3164** 3165** <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter 3166** which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes. This 3167** is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not 3168** support locking. Caution: Database corruption might result if two 3169** or more processes write to the same database and any one of those 3170** processes uses nolock=1. 3171** 3172** <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query 3173** parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on 3174** read-only media. ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the 3175** database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher 3176** privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking 3177** and change detection is disabled. Caution: Setting the immutable 3178** property on a database file that does in fact change can result 3179** in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors. 3180** See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]. 3181** 3182** </ul> 3183** 3184** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an 3185** error. Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query 3186** parameters. See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for 3187** additional information. 3188** 3189** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3> 3190** 3191** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5> 3192** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results 3193** <tr><td> file:data.db <td> 3194** Open the file "data.db" in the current directory. 3195** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br> 3196** file:///home/fred/data.db <br> 3197** file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td> 3198** Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db". 3199** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td> 3200** An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority. 3201** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap"> 3202** file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db 3203** <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive 3204** C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly 3205** necessary - space characters can be used literally 3206** in URI filenames. 3207** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td> 3208** Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access. 3209** Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by 3210** default, use a private cache. 3211** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td> 3212** Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile" 3213** that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking. 3214** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td> 3215** An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter. 3216** </table> 3217** 3218** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and 3219** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a 3220** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits 3221** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a 3222** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all 3223** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the 3224** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding, 3225** the results are undefined. 3226** 3227** <b>Note to Windows users:</b> The encoding used for the filename argument 3228** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever 3229** codepage is currently defined. Filenames containing international 3230** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into 3231** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2(). 3232** 3233** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b> The temporary directory must be set 3234** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2(). Otherwise, various 3235** features that require the use of temporary files may fail. 3236** 3237** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory] 3238*/ 3239int sqlite3_open( 3240 const char *filename, /* Database filename (UTF-8) */ 3241 sqlite3 **ppDb /* OUT: SQLite db handle */ 3242); 3243int sqlite3_open16( 3244 const void *filename, /* Database filename (UTF-16) */ 3245 sqlite3 **ppDb /* OUT: SQLite db handle */ 3246); 3247int sqlite3_open_v2( 3248 const char *filename, /* Database filename (UTF-8) */ 3249 sqlite3 **ppDb, /* OUT: SQLite db handle */ 3250 int flags, /* Flags */ 3251 const char *zVfs /* Name of VFS module to use */ 3252); 3253 3254/* 3255** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters 3256** 3257** These are utility routines, useful to VFS implementations, that check 3258** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query 3259** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter. 3260** 3261** If F is the database filename pointer passed into the xOpen() method of 3262** a VFS implementation when the flags parameter to xOpen() has one or 3263** more of the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] or [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB] bits set and 3264** P is the name of the query parameter, then 3265** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P 3266** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a 3267** query parameter on F. If P is a query parameter of F 3268** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns 3269** a pointer to an empty string. 3270** 3271** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean 3272** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value 3273** of P. The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the 3274** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any 3275** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number. The 3276** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of 3277** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or 3278** if the value begins with a numeric zero. If P is not a query 3279** parameter on F or if the value of P is does not match any of the 3280** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0). 3281** 3282** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a 3283** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not 3284** exist. If the value of P is something other than an integer, then 3285** zero is returned. 3286** 3287** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and 3288** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B. If F is not a NULL pointer and 3289** is not a database file pathname pointer that SQLite passed into the xOpen 3290** VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined and probably 3291** undesirable. 3292*/ 3293const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam); 3294int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault); 3295sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64); 3296 3297 3298/* 3299** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages 3300** METHOD: sqlite3 3301** 3302** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with 3303** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface 3304** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that 3305** API call. 3306** If the most recent API call was successful, 3307** then the return value from sqlite3_errcode() is undefined. 3308** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode() 3309** interface is the same except that it always returns the 3310** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are 3311** disabled. 3312** 3313** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language 3314** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively. 3315** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally. 3316** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result. 3317** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by 3318** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^ 3319** 3320** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text 3321** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8. 3322** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally 3323** and must not be freed by the application)^. 3324** 3325** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the 3326** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between 3327** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces. 3328** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these 3329** interfaces always report the most recent result. To avoid 3330** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D 3331** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning 3332** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after 3333** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed. 3334** 3335** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface 3336** was invoked incorrectly by the application. In that case, the 3337** error code and message may or may not be set. 3338*/ 3339int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db); 3340int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db); 3341const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*); 3342const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*); 3343const char *sqlite3_errstr(int); 3344 3345/* 3346** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object 3347** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements} 3348** 3349** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that 3350** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated. 3351** 3352** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program. The 3353** original SQL text is source code. A prepared statement object 3354** is the compiled object code. All SQL must be converted into a 3355** prepared statement before it can be run. 3356** 3357** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this: 3358** 3359** <ol> 3360** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]. 3361** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*() 3362** interfaces. 3363** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times. 3364** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back 3365** to step 2. Do this zero or more times. 3366** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()]. 3367** </ol> 3368*/ 3369typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt; 3370 3371/* 3372** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits 3373** METHOD: sqlite3 3374** 3375** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited 3376** on a connection by connection basis. The first parameter is the 3377** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried. The 3378** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a 3379** class of constructs to be size limited. The third parameter is the 3380** new limit for that construct.)^ 3381** 3382** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged. 3383** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a 3384** [limits | hard upper bound] 3385** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called 3386** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>]. 3387** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^ 3388** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are 3389** silently truncated to the hard upper bound. 3390** 3391** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the 3392** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit. 3393** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it, 3394** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1. 3395** 3396** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage 3397** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled 3398** by untrusted external sources. An example application might be a 3399** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and 3400** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded 3401** off the Internet. The internal databases can be given the 3402** large, default limits. Databases managed by external sources can 3403** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service 3404** attack. Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] 3405** interface to further control untrusted SQL. The size of the database 3406** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the 3407** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]. 3408** 3409** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases. 3410*/ 3411int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal); 3412 3413/* 3414** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories 3415** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories} 3416** 3417** These constants define various performance limits 3418** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()]. 3419** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below. 3420** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite]. 3421** 3422** <dl> 3423** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt> 3424** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^ 3425** 3426** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt> 3427** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^ 3428** 3429** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt> 3430** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the 3431** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index 3432** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^ 3433** 3434** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt> 3435** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^ 3436** 3437** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt> 3438** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^ 3439** 3440** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt> 3441** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program 3442** used to implement an SQL statement. If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or 3443** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes 3444** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^ 3445** 3446** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt> 3447** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^ 3448** 3449** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt> 3450** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd> 3451** 3452** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]] 3453** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt> 3454** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or 3455** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^ 3456** 3457** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]] 3458** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt> 3459** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^ 3460** 3461** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt> 3462** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^ 3463** 3464** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt> 3465** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single 3466** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^ 3467** </dl> 3468*/ 3469#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH 0 3470#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH 1 3471#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN 2 3472#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH 3 3473#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT 4 3474#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP 5 3475#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG 6 3476#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED 7 3477#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH 8 3478#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER 9 3479#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH 10 3480#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS 11 3481 3482/* 3483** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags 3484** 3485** These constants define various flags that can be passed into 3486** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and 3487** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces. 3488** 3489** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite. 3490** 3491** <dl> 3492** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT</dt> 3493** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner 3494** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and 3495** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] 3496** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will 3497** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using 3498** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts 3499** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to 3500** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of 3501** SQLite may act on this hint differently. 3502** </dl> 3503*/ 3504#define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT 0x01 3505 3506/* 3507** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement 3508** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler} 3509** METHOD: sqlite3 3510** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt 3511** 3512** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code 3513** program using one of these routines. Or, in other words, these routines 3514** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object. 3515** 3516** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]. The 3517** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided. 3518** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra "prepFlags" option that is used 3519** for special purposes. 3520** 3521** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently 3522** does all parsing using UTF-8. The UTF-16 interfaces are provided 3523** as a convenience. The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the 3524** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface. 3525** 3526** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a 3527** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or 3528** [sqlite3_open16()]. The database connection must not have been closed. 3529** 3530** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded 3531** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16. The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(), 3532** and sqlite3_prepare_v3() 3533** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(), 3534** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16. 3535** 3536** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the 3537** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the 3538** number of bytes read from zSql. ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared 3539** statement is generated. 3540** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then 3541** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that 3542** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i> 3543** the nul-terminator. 3544** 3545** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte 3546** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql. These routines only 3547** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to 3548** what remains uncompiled. 3549** 3550** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be 3551** executed using [sqlite3_step()]. ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set 3552** to NULL. ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty 3553** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL. 3554** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled 3555** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it. 3556** ppStmt may not be NULL. 3557** 3558** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK]; 3559** otherwise an [error code] is returned. 3560** 3561** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(), 3562** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs. 3563** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16()) 3564** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged. 3565** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement 3566** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the 3567** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to 3568** behave differently in three ways: 3569** 3570** <ol> 3571** <li> 3572** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it 3573** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL 3574** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY] 3575** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error. 3576** </li> 3577** 3578** <li> 3579** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed 3580** [error codes] or [extended error codes]. ^The legacy behavior was that 3581** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code 3582** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()] 3583** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare 3584** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately. 3585** </li> 3586** 3587** <li> 3588** ^If the specific value bound to [parameter | host parameter] in the 3589** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement, 3590** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been 3591** a schema change, on the first [sqlite3_step()] call following any change 3592** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter]. 3593** ^The specific value of WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the 3594** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE] 3595** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column 3596** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3] compile-time option is enabled. 3597** </li> 3598** </ol> 3599** 3600** <p>^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having 3601** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or 3602** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags. ^The 3603** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as 3604** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter. 3605*/ 3606int sqlite3_prepare( 3607 sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ 3608 const char *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */ 3609 int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ 3610 sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ 3611 const char **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ 3612); 3613int sqlite3_prepare_v2( 3614 sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ 3615 const char *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */ 3616 int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ 3617 sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ 3618 const char **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ 3619); 3620int sqlite3_prepare_v3( 3621 sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ 3622 const char *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */ 3623 int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ 3624 unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */ 3625 sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ 3626 const char **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ 3627); 3628int sqlite3_prepare16( 3629 sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ 3630 const void *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */ 3631 int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ 3632 sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ 3633 const void **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ 3634); 3635int sqlite3_prepare16_v2( 3636 sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ 3637 const void *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */ 3638 int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ 3639 sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ 3640 const void **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ 3641); 3642int sqlite3_prepare16_v3( 3643 sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ 3644 const void *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */ 3645 int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ 3646 unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */ 3647 sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ 3648 const void **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ 3649); 3650 3651/* 3652** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL 3653** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 3654** 3655** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8 3656** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was 3657** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], 3658** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()]. 3659** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8 3660** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with 3661** [bound parameters] expanded. 3662** 3663** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL 3664** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345 3665** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return 3666** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql() 3667** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^ 3668** 3669** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory 3670** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the 3671** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]. 3672** 3673** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of 3674** bound parameter expansions. ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time 3675** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL. 3676** 3677** ^The string returned by sqlite3_sql(P) is managed by SQLite and is 3678** automatically freed when the prepared statement is finalized. 3679** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand, 3680** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application 3681** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()]. 3682*/ 3683const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); 3684char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); 3685 3686/* 3687** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database 3688** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 3689** 3690** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if 3691** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to 3692** the content of the database file. 3693** 3694** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or 3695** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect. 3696** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that 3697** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would 3698** change the database file through side-effects: 3699** 3700** <blockquote><pre> 3701** SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2; 3702** </pre></blockquote> 3703** 3704** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file 3705** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^ 3706** 3707** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK], 3708** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true, 3709** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but 3710** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the 3711** database. ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause 3712** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements 3713** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make 3714** changes to the content of the database files on disk. 3715** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since 3716** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and 3717** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so 3718** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands. 3719*/ 3720int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); 3721 3722/* 3723** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset 3724** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 3725** 3726** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the 3727** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using 3728** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned 3729** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor 3730** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)]. ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) 3731** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer. If S is not a 3732** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement] 3733** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable. 3734** 3735** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()] 3736** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database 3737** connection that are in need of being reset. This can be used, 3738** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared 3739** statements that are holding a transaction open. 3740*/ 3741int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*); 3742 3743/* 3744** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object 3745** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value} 3746** 3747** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values 3748** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing 3749** for the values it stores. ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects 3750** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL. 3751** 3752** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected". 3753** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value. Other interfaces 3754** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value. 3755** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies 3756** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value. The 3757** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new 3758** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value. 3759** 3760** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not 3761** a mutex is held. An internal mutex is held for a protected 3762** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected 3763** sqlite3_value object. If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded 3764** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0) 3765** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes 3766** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD] 3767** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected 3768** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably. However, 3769** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications 3770** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected 3771** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required. 3772** 3773** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the 3774** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected. 3775** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by 3776** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected. 3777** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments 3778** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and 3779** [sqlite3_value_dup()]. 3780** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of 3781** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects. 3782*/ 3783typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value; 3784 3785/* 3786** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object 3787** 3788** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an 3789** sqlite3_context object. ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object 3790** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions]. 3791** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this 3792** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()], 3793** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()], 3794** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()], 3795** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()]. 3796*/ 3797typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context; 3798 3799/* 3800** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements 3801** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name} 3802** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding} 3803** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 3804** 3805** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants, 3806** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following 3807** templates: 3808** 3809** <ul> 3810** <li> ? 3811** <li> ?NNN 3812** <li> :VVV 3813** <li> @VVV 3814** <li> $VVV 3815** </ul> 3816** 3817** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal, 3818** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^ ^The values of these 3819** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters") 3820** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here. 3821** 3822** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always 3823** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from 3824** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants. 3825** 3826** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set. 3827** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1. ^When the same named 3828** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent 3829** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence. 3830** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the 3831** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired. ^The index 3832** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN. 3833** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()] 3834** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 999). 3835** 3836** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter. 3837** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16() 3838** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter 3839** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null(). 3840** 3841** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the 3842** number of bytes in the parameter. To be clear: the value is the 3843** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^ 3844** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16() 3845** is negative, then the length of the string is 3846** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator. 3847** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then 3848** the behavior is undefined. 3849** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text() 3850** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then 3851** that parameter must be the byte offset 3852** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL 3853** terminated. If any NUL characters occur at byte offsets less than 3854** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will 3855** contain embedded NULs. The result of expressions involving strings 3856** with embedded NULs is undefined. 3857** 3858** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces 3859** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or 3860** string after SQLite has finished with it. ^The destructor is called 3861** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to bind API fails. 3862** ^If the fifth argument is 3863** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the 3864** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed. 3865** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then 3866** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before 3867** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns. 3868** 3869** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of 3870** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE] 3871** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter. If 3872** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the 3873** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different 3874** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior 3875** is undefined. 3876** 3877** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that 3878** is filled with zeroes. ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory 3879** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed. 3880** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose 3881** content is later written using 3882** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines. 3883** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB. 3884** 3885** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in 3886** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be 3887** associated with the pointer P of type T. ^D is either a NULL pointer or 3888** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the 3889** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using 3890** P. The T parameter should be a static string, preferably a string 3891** literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is part of the 3892** [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0. 3893** 3894** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer 3895** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which 3896** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()], 3897** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE]. If any sqlite3_bind_() 3898** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the 3899** result is undefined and probably harmful. 3900** 3901** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine. 3902** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL. 3903** 3904** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an 3905** [error code] if anything goes wrong. 3906** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB 3907** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or 3908** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH]. 3909** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter 3910** index is out of range. ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails. 3911** 3912** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], 3913** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()]. 3914*/ 3915int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*)); 3916int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64, 3917 void(*)(void*)); 3918int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double); 3919int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int); 3920int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64); 3921int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int); 3922int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*)); 3923int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*)); 3924int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64, 3925 void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding); 3926int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*); 3927int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*)); 3928int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n); 3929int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64); 3930 3931/* 3932** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters 3933** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 3934** 3935** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters] 3936** in a [prepared statement]. SQL parameters are tokens of the 3937** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as 3938** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound] 3939** to the parameters at a later time. 3940** 3941** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost) 3942** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the 3943** number of unique parameters. If parameters of the ?NNN form are used, 3944** there may be gaps in the list.)^ 3945** 3946** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()], 3947** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and 3948** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()]. 3949*/ 3950int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*); 3951 3952/* 3953** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter 3954** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 3955** 3956** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns 3957** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P. 3958** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA" 3959** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA" 3960** respectively. 3961** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?" 3962** is included as part of the name.)^ 3963** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name 3964** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters". 3965** 3966** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0. 3967** 3968** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is 3969** nameless, then NULL is returned. ^The returned string is 3970** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was 3971** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()], 3972** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()]. 3973** 3974** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()], 3975** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and 3976** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()]. 3977*/ 3978const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int); 3979 3980/* 3981** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name 3982** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 3983** 3984** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name. ^The 3985** index value returned is suitable for use as the second 3986** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()]. ^A zero 3987** is returned if no matching parameter is found. ^The parameter 3988** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement 3989** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or 3990** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()]. 3991** 3992** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()], 3993** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and 3994** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()]. 3995*/ 3996int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName); 3997 3998/* 3999** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement 4000** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 4001** 4002** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset 4003** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement]. 4004** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL. 4005*/ 4006int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*); 4007 4008/* 4009** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set 4010** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 4011** 4012** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the 4013** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the 4014** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]). 4015** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not 4016** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned. ^A SELECT statement 4017** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the 4018** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows. 4019** 4020** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()] 4021*/ 4022int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); 4023 4024/* 4025** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set 4026** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 4027** 4028** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column 4029** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement. ^The sqlite3_column_name() 4030** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string 4031** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated 4032** UTF-16 string. ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement] 4033** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the 4034** column number. ^The leftmost column is number 0. 4035** 4036** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement] 4037** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically 4038** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run 4039** or until the next call to 4040** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column. 4041** 4042** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine 4043** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a 4044** NULL pointer is returned. 4045** 4046** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for 4047** that column, if there is an AS clause. If there is no AS clause 4048** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from 4049** one release of SQLite to the next. 4050*/ 4051const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N); 4052const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N); 4053 4054/* 4055** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result 4056** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 4057** 4058** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and 4059** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in 4060** [SELECT] statement. 4061** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as 4062** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string. ^The _database_ routines return 4063** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and 4064** the origin_ routines return the column name. 4065** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed 4066** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically 4067** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run 4068** or until the same information is requested 4069** again in a different encoding. 4070** 4071** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the 4072** database, table, and column. 4073** 4074** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement]. 4075** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by 4076** the statement, where N is the second function argument. 4077** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines. 4078** 4079** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or 4080** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return 4081** NULL. ^These routine might also return NULL if a memory allocation error 4082** occurs. ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table, 4083** or column that query result column was extracted from. 4084** 4085** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return 4086** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8. 4087** 4088** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the 4089** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol. 4090** 4091** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same 4092** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are 4093** undefined. 4094** 4095** If two or more threads call one or more 4096** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces] 4097** for the same [prepared statement] and result column 4098** at the same time then the results are undefined. 4099*/ 4100const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int); 4101const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int); 4102const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int); 4103const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int); 4104const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int); 4105const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int); 4106 4107/* 4108** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result 4109** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 4110** 4111** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement]. 4112** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the 4113** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an 4114** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table 4115** column is returned.)^ ^If the Nth column of the result set is an 4116** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned. 4117** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded. 4118** 4119** ^(For example, given the database schema: 4120** 4121** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT); 4122** 4123** and the following statement to be compiled: 4124** 4125** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1; 4126** 4127** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result 4128** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^ 4129** 4130** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing. ^So just because a column 4131** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the 4132** data stored in that column is of the declared type. SQLite is 4133** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static. ^Type 4134** is associated with individual values, not with the containers 4135** used to hold those values. 4136*/ 4137const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int); 4138const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int); 4139 4140/* 4141** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement 4142** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 4143** 4144** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of 4145** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], 4146** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy 4147** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function 4148** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement. 4149** 4150** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend 4151** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces 4152** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()], 4153** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy 4154** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()]. The use of the 4155** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy 4156** interface will continue to be supported. 4157** 4158** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY], 4159** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE]. 4160** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or 4161** [extended result codes] might be returned as well. 4162** 4163** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the 4164** database locks it needs to do its job. ^If the statement is a [COMMIT] 4165** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the 4166** statement. If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an 4167** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before 4168** continuing. 4169** 4170** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing 4171** successfully. sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual 4172** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual 4173** machine back to its initial state. 4174** 4175** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW] 4176** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the 4177** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions]. 4178** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data. 4179** 4180** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint 4181** violation) has occurred. sqlite3_step() should not be called again on 4182** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()]. 4183** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example, 4184** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth) 4185** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the 4186** [prepared statement]. ^In the "v2" interface, 4187** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step(). 4188** 4189** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately. 4190** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has 4191** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had 4192** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE]. Or it could 4193** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or 4194** more threads at the same moment in time. 4195** 4196** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to 4197** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything 4198** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of 4199** sqlite3_step(). Failure to reset the prepared statement using 4200** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from 4201** sqlite3_step(). But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1], 4202** sqlite3_step() began 4203** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather 4204** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE]. This is not considered a compatibility 4205** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error 4206** is broken by definition. The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option 4207** can be used to restore the legacy behavior. 4208** 4209** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step() 4210** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any 4211** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE]. You must call 4212** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the 4213** specific [error codes] that better describes the error. 4214** We admit that this is a goofy design. The problem has been fixed 4215** with the "v2" interface. If you prepare all of your SQL statements 4216** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] 4217** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead 4218** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces, 4219** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly 4220** by sqlite3_step(). The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended. 4221*/ 4222int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*); 4223 4224/* 4225** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set 4226** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 4227** 4228** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the 4229** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P. 4230** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return 4231** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of 4232** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0. 4233** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer. 4234** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to 4235** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE]. ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) 4236** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned 4237** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum] 4238** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step 4239** pragma returns 0 columns of data. 4240** 4241** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()] 4242*/ 4243int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); 4244 4245/* 4246** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes 4247** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT 4248** 4249** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes: 4250** 4251** <ul> 4252** <li> 64-bit signed integer 4253** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number 4254** <li> string 4255** <li> BLOB 4256** <li> NULL 4257** </ul>)^ 4258** 4259** These constants are codes for each of those types. 4260** 4261** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2 4262** for a completely different meaning. Software that links against both 4263** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not 4264** SQLITE_TEXT. 4265*/ 4266#define SQLITE_INTEGER 1 4267#define SQLITE_FLOAT 2 4268#define SQLITE_BLOB 4 4269#define SQLITE_NULL 5 4270#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT 4271# undef SQLITE_TEXT 4272#else 4273# define SQLITE_TEXT 3 4274#endif 4275#define SQLITE3_TEXT 3 4276 4277/* 4278** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query 4279** KEYWORDS: {column access functions} 4280** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 4281** 4282** <b>Summary:</b> 4283** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0> 4284** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_blob</b><td>→<td>BLOB result 4285** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_double</b><td>→<td>REAL result 4286** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int</b><td>→<td>32-bit INTEGER result 4287** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>→<td>64-bit INTEGER result 4288** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>→<td>UTF-8 TEXT result 4289** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>→<td>UTF-16 TEXT result 4290** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>→<td>The result as an 4291** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object. 4292** <tr><td> <td> <td> 4293** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>→<td>Size of a BLOB 4294** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes 4295** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes16 </b> 4296** <td>→ <td>Size of UTF-16 4297** TEXT in bytes 4298** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_type</b><td>→<td>Default 4299** datatype of the result 4300** </table></blockquote> 4301** 4302** <b>Details:</b> 4303** 4304** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current 4305** result row of a query. ^In every case the first argument is a pointer 4306** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*] 4307** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants) 4308** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information 4309** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0. 4310** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using 4311** [sqlite3_column_count()]. 4312** 4313** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the 4314** column index is out of range, the result is undefined. 4315** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to 4316** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither 4317** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently. 4318** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or 4319** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned 4320** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined. 4321** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] 4322** are called from a different thread while any of these routines 4323** are pending, then the results are undefined. 4324** 4325** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16) 4326** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format. If 4327** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example, 4328** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface 4329** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed. 4330** 4331** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the 4332** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type 4333** of the result column. ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER], 4334** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL]. 4335** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which 4336** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value. 4337** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no 4338** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question. 4339** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type() 4340** is undefined, though harmless. Future 4341** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type() 4342** following a type conversion. 4343** 4344** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes() 4345** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size 4346** of that BLOB or string. 4347** 4348** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes() 4349** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string. 4350** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts 4351** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes. 4352** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses 4353** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns 4354** the number of bytes in that string. 4355** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero. 4356** 4357** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16() 4358** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string. 4359** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts 4360** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes. 4361** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses 4362** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns 4363** the number of bytes in that string. 4364** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero. 4365** 4366** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and 4367** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end 4368** of the string. ^For clarity: the values returned by 4369** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of 4370** bytes in the string, not the number of characters. 4371** 4372** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(), 4373** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated. ^The return 4374** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer. 4375** 4376** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an 4377** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object. In a multithreaded environment, 4378** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with 4379** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()]. 4380** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by 4381** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls 4382** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()], 4383** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe. 4384** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface 4385** is normally only useful within the implementation of 4386** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within 4387** top-level application code. 4388** 4389** The these routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result. 4390** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result 4391** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the 4392** conversion automatically. ^(The following table details the conversions 4393** that are applied: 4394** 4395** <blockquote> 4396** <table border="1"> 4397** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th> Conversion 4398** 4399** <tr><td> NULL <td> INTEGER <td> Result is 0 4400** <tr><td> NULL <td> FLOAT <td> Result is 0.0 4401** <tr><td> NULL <td> TEXT <td> Result is a NULL pointer 4402** <tr><td> NULL <td> BLOB <td> Result is a NULL pointer 4403** <tr><td> INTEGER <td> FLOAT <td> Convert from integer to float 4404** <tr><td> INTEGER <td> TEXT <td> ASCII rendering of the integer 4405** <tr><td> INTEGER <td> BLOB <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT 4406** <tr><td> FLOAT <td> INTEGER <td> [CAST] to INTEGER 4407** <tr><td> FLOAT <td> TEXT <td> ASCII rendering of the float 4408** <tr><td> FLOAT <td> BLOB <td> [CAST] to BLOB 4409** <tr><td> TEXT <td> INTEGER <td> [CAST] to INTEGER 4410** <tr><td> TEXT <td> FLOAT <td> [CAST] to REAL 4411** <tr><td> TEXT <td> BLOB <td> No change 4412** <tr><td> BLOB <td> INTEGER <td> [CAST] to INTEGER 4413** <tr><td> BLOB <td> FLOAT <td> [CAST] to REAL 4414** <tr><td> BLOB <td> TEXT <td> Add a zero terminator if needed 4415** </table> 4416** </blockquote>)^ 4417** 4418** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior 4419** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or 4420** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated. 4421** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur 4422** in the following cases: 4423** 4424** <ul> 4425** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or 4426** sqlite3_column_text16() is called. A zero-terminator might 4427** need to be added to the string.</li> 4428** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or 4429** sqlite3_column_text16() is called. The content must be converted 4430** to UTF-16.</li> 4431** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or 4432** sqlite3_column_text() is called. The content must be converted 4433** to UTF-8.</li> 4434** </ul> 4435** 4436** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do 4437** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer 4438** that the prior pointer references will have been modified. Other kinds 4439** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they 4440** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated. 4441** 4442** The safest policy is to invoke these routines 4443** in one of the following ways: 4444** 4445** <ul> 4446** <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li> 4447** <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li> 4448** <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li> 4449** </ul> 4450** 4451** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(), 4452** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result 4453** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or 4454** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result. Do not mix calls 4455** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to 4456** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16() 4457** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes(). 4458** 4459** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as 4460** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or 4461** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called. ^The memory space used to hold strings 4462** and BLOBs is freed automatically. Do not pass the pointers returned 4463** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into 4464** [sqlite3_free()]. 4465** 4466** ^(If a memory allocation error occurs during the evaluation of any 4467** of these routines, a default value is returned. The default value 4468** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL 4469** pointer. Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return 4470** [SQLITE_NOMEM].)^ 4471*/ 4472const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); 4473double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); 4474int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); 4475sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); 4476const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); 4477const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); 4478sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); 4479int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); 4480int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); 4481int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); 4482 4483/* 4484** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object 4485** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt 4486** 4487** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement]. 4488** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors 4489** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns 4490** SQLITE_OK. ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then 4491** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or 4492** [extended error code]. 4493** 4494** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during 4495** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S: 4496** before statement S is ever evaluated, after 4497** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call 4498** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has 4499** completed execution. 4500** 4501** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op. 4502** 4503** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid 4504** resource leaks. It is a grievous error for the application to try to use 4505** a prepared statement after it has been finalized. Any use of a prepared 4506** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and 4507** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption. 4508*/ 4509int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); 4510 4511/* 4512** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object 4513** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 4514** 4515** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement] 4516** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed. 4517** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using 4518** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values. 4519** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings. 4520** 4521** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S 4522** back to the beginning of its program. 4523** 4524** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the 4525** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], 4526** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S, 4527** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK]. 4528** 4529** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the 4530** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then 4531** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code]. 4532** 4533** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values 4534** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S. 4535*/ 4536int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); 4537 4538/* 4539** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions 4540** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines} 4541** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function} 4542** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions} 4543** METHOD: sqlite3 4544** 4545** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines") 4546** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior 4547** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between 4548** these routines are the text encoding expected for 4549** the second parameter (the name of the function being created) 4550** and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for 4551** the application data pointer. 4552** 4553** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL 4554** function is to be added. ^If an application uses more than one database 4555** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added 4556** to each database connection separately. 4557** 4558** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or 4559** redefined. ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8 4560** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator. ^Note that the name 4561** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes. 4562** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name 4563** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned. 4564** 4565** ^The third parameter (nArg) 4566** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or 4567** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or 4568** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit 4569** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]). If the third 4570** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is 4571** undefined. 4572** 4573** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what 4574** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for 4575** its parameters. The application should set this parameter to 4576** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes 4577** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the 4578** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or 4579** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8] 4580** otherwise. ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using 4581** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for 4582** each encoding. 4583** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite 4584** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion. 4585** 4586** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] 4587** to signal that the function will always return the same result given 4588** the same inputs within a single SQL statement. Most SQL functions are 4589** deterministic. The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a 4590** function that is not deterministic. The SQLite query planner is able to 4591** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use 4592** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible. 4593** 4594** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer. The implementation of the 4595** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^ 4596** 4597** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are 4598** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or 4599** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc 4600** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal 4601** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep 4602** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing 4603** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function 4604** callbacks. 4605** 4606** ^(If the ninth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() is not NULL, 4607** then it is destructor for the application data pointer. 4608** The destructor is invoked when the function is deleted, either by being 4609** overloaded or when the database connection closes.)^ 4610** ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to 4611** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails. 4612** ^When the destructor callback of the tenth parameter is invoked, it 4613** is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application data 4614** pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2(). 4615** 4616** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same 4617** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of 4618** arguments or differing preferred text encodings. ^SQLite will use 4619** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the 4620** SQL function is used. ^A function implementation with a non-negative 4621** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with 4622** a negative nArg. ^A function where the preferred text encoding 4623** matches the database encoding is a better 4624** match than a function where the encoding is different. 4625** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be 4626** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is 4627** between UTF8 and UTF16. 4628** 4629** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions. 4630** 4631** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other 4632** SQLite interfaces. However, such calls must not 4633** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared 4634** statement in which the function is running. 4635*/ 4636int sqlite3_create_function( 4637 sqlite3 *db, 4638 const char *zFunctionName, 4639 int nArg, 4640 int eTextRep, 4641 void *pApp, 4642 void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), 4643 void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), 4644 void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*) 4645); 4646int sqlite3_create_function16( 4647 sqlite3 *db, 4648 const void *zFunctionName, 4649 int nArg, 4650 int eTextRep, 4651 void *pApp, 4652 void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), 4653 void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), 4654 void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*) 4655); 4656int sqlite3_create_function_v2( 4657 sqlite3 *db, 4658 const char *zFunctionName, 4659 int nArg, 4660 int eTextRep, 4661 void *pApp, 4662 void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), 4663 void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), 4664 void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*), 4665 void(*xDestroy)(void*) 4666); 4667 4668/* 4669** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings 4670** 4671** These constant define integer codes that represent the various 4672** text encodings supported by SQLite. 4673*/ 4674#define SQLITE_UTF8 1 /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */ 4675#define SQLITE_UTF16LE 2 /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */ 4676#define SQLITE_UTF16BE 3 /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */ 4677#define SQLITE_UTF16 4 /* Use native byte order */ 4678#define SQLITE_ANY 5 /* Deprecated */ 4679#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED 8 /* sqlite3_create_collation only */ 4680 4681/* 4682** CAPI3REF: Function Flags 4683** 4684** These constants may be ORed together with the 4685** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument 4686** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or 4687** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()]. 4688*/ 4689#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC 0x800 4690 4691/* 4692** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions 4693** DEPRECATED 4694** 4695** These functions are [deprecated]. In order to maintain 4696** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue 4697** to be supported. However, new applications should avoid 4698** the use of these functions. To encourage programmers to avoid 4699** these functions, we will not explain what they do. 4700*/ 4701#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED 4702SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*); 4703SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*); 4704SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*); 4705SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void); 4706SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void); 4707SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int), 4708 void*,sqlite3_int64); 4709#endif 4710 4711/* 4712** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values 4713** METHOD: sqlite3_value 4714** 4715** <b>Summary:</b> 4716** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0> 4717** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_blob</b><td>→<td>BLOB value 4718** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_double</b><td>→<td>REAL value 4719** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int</b><td>→<td>32-bit INTEGER value 4720** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int64</b><td>→<td>64-bit INTEGER value 4721** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_pointer</b><td>→<td>Pointer value 4722** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text</b><td>→<td>UTF-8 TEXT value 4723** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16</b><td>→<td>UTF-16 TEXT value in 4724** the native byteorder 4725** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16be</b><td>→<td>UTF-16be TEXT value 4726** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16le</b><td>→<td>UTF-16le TEXT value 4727** <tr><td> <td> <td> 4728** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes</b><td>→<td>Size of a BLOB 4729** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes 4730** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes16 </b> 4731** <td>→ <td>Size of UTF-16 4732** TEXT in bytes 4733** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_type</b><td>→<td>Default 4734** datatype of the value 4735** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_numeric_type </b> 4736** <td>→ <td>Best numeric datatype of the value 4737** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_nochange </b> 4738** <td>→ <td>True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE 4739** against a virtual table. 4740** </table></blockquote> 4741** 4742** <b>Details:</b> 4743** 4744** These routines extract type, size, and content information from 4745** [protected sqlite3_value] objects. Protected sqlite3_value objects 4746** are used to pass parameter information into implementation of 4747** [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables]. 4748** 4749** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects. 4750** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value] 4751** is not threadsafe. 4752** 4753** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions] 4754** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object 4755** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number. 4756** 4757** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string 4758** in the native byte-order of the host machine. ^The 4759** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces 4760** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively. 4761** 4762** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized 4763** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)] 4764** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y), 4765** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P. ^Otherwise, 4766** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() 4767** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0. 4768** 4769** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the 4770** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the 4771** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER], 4772** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^ 4773** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object. 4774** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and 4775** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that 4776** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return 4777** SQLITE_TEXT. Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion 4778** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next. 4779** 4780** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply 4781** numeric affinity to the value. This means that an attempt is 4782** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point. If 4783** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other 4784** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number) 4785** then the conversion is performed. Otherwise no conversion occurs. 4786** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^ 4787** 4788** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the 4789** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if 4790** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation 4791** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if 4792** and the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extracted 4793** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably 4794** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column 4795** was unchanging). ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which 4796** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear 4797** to be a NULL value. If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other 4798** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then 4799** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless. 4800** 4801** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned 4802** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or 4803** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to 4804** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()], 4805** or [sqlite3_value_text16()]. 4806** 4807** These routines must be called from the same thread as 4808** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters. 4809*/ 4810const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*); 4811double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*); 4812int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*); 4813sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*); 4814void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*); 4815const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*); 4816const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*); 4817const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*); 4818const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*); 4819int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*); 4820int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*); 4821int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*); 4822int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*); 4823int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*); 4824 4825/* 4826** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values 4827** METHOD: sqlite3_value 4828** 4829** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for 4830** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V. The subtype 4831** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from 4832** one SQL function to another. Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()] 4833** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function. 4834*/ 4835unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*); 4836 4837/* 4838** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values 4839** METHOD: sqlite3_value 4840** 4841** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value] 4842** object D and returns a pointer to that copy. ^The [sqlite3_value] returned 4843** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not. 4844** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a 4845** memory allocation fails. 4846** 4847** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object 4848** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()]. ^If V is a NULL pointer 4849** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op. 4850*/ 4851sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*); 4852void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*); 4853 4854/* 4855** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context 4856** METHOD: sqlite3_context 4857** 4858** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this 4859** routine to allocate memory for storing their state. 4860** 4861** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called 4862** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite 4863** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer 4864** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to 4865** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance, 4866** the same buffer is returned. Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally 4867** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one 4868** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked. ^(When no rows match 4869** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function 4870** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once. 4871** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the 4872** first time from within xFinal().)^ 4873** 4874** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer 4875** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory 4876** allocate error occurs. 4877** 4878** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is 4879** determined by the N parameter on first successful call. Changing the 4880** value of N in subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within 4881** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory 4882** allocation.)^ Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set 4883** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no 4884** pointless memory allocations occur. 4885** 4886** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by 4887** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes. 4888** 4889** The first parameter must be a copy of the 4890** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter 4891** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate 4892** function. 4893** 4894** This routine must be called from the same thread in which 4895** the aggregate SQL function is running. 4896*/ 4897void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes); 4898 4899/* 4900** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions 4901** METHOD: sqlite3_context 4902** 4903** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of 4904** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter) 4905** of the [sqlite3_create_function()] 4906** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally 4907** registered the application defined function. 4908** 4909** This routine must be called from the same thread in which 4910** the application-defined function is running. 4911*/ 4912void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*); 4913 4914/* 4915** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions 4916** METHOD: sqlite3_context 4917** 4918** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of 4919** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter) 4920** of the [sqlite3_create_function()] 4921** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally 4922** registered the application defined function. 4923*/ 4924sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*); 4925 4926/* 4927** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data 4928** METHOD: sqlite3_context 4929** 4930** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to 4931** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to 4932** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under 4933** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved. An example 4934** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching 4935** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as 4936** metadata associated with the pattern string. 4937** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same, 4938** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple 4939** invocations of the same function. 4940** 4941** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata 4942** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument 4943** value to the application-defined function. ^N is zero for the left-most 4944** function argument. ^If there is no metadata 4945** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface 4946** returns a NULL pointer. 4947** 4948** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th 4949** argument of the application-defined function. ^Subsequent 4950** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent 4951** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or 4952** NULL if the metadata has been discarded. 4953** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL, 4954** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly 4955** once, when the metadata is discarded. 4956** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul> 4957** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or 4958** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the 4959** SQL statement)^, or 4960** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same 4961** parameter)^, or 4962** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory 4963** allocation error occurs.)^ </ul> 4964** 4965** Note the last bullet in particular. The destructor X in 4966** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the 4967** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns. Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata() 4968** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the 4969** function implementation should not make any use of P after 4970** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called. 4971** 4972** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for 4973** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal 4974** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^ 4975** 4976** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative. 4977** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new 4978** kinds of function caching behavior. 4979** 4980** These routines must be called from the same thread in which 4981** the SQL function is running. 4982*/ 4983void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N); 4984void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*)); 4985 4986 4987/* 4988** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior 4989** 4990** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the 4991** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()]. ^If the destructor 4992** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant 4993** and will never change. It does not need to be destroyed. ^The 4994** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in 4995** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of 4996** the content before returning. 4997** 4998** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain 4999** C++ compilers. 5000*/ 5001typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*); 5002#define SQLITE_STATIC ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0) 5003#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1) 5004 5005/* 5006** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function 5007** METHOD: sqlite3_context 5008** 5009** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that 5010** implement SQL functions and aggregates. See 5011** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()] 5012** for additional information. 5013** 5014** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of 5015** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements. 5016** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information. 5017** 5018** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from 5019** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed 5020** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the 5021** third parameter. 5022** 5023** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N) 5024** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be 5025** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size. 5026** 5027** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from 5028** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified 5029** by its 2nd argument. 5030** 5031** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions 5032** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception. 5033** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the 5034** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16() 5035** as the text of an error message. ^SQLite interprets the error 5036** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite 5037** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 in native 5038** byte order. ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() 5039** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error 5040** message all text up through the first zero character. 5041** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or 5042** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many 5043** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message. 5044** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() 5045** routines make a private copy of the error message text before 5046** they return. Hence, the calling function can deallocate or 5047** modify the text after they return without harm. 5048** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code 5049** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function. ^By default, 5050** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR. ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error() 5051** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR. 5052** 5053** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an 5054** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent. 5055** 5056** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an 5057** error indicating that a memory allocation failed. 5058** 5059** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value 5060** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer 5061** value given in the 2nd argument. 5062** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value 5063** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer 5064** value given in the 2nd argument. 5065** 5066** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value 5067** of the application-defined function to be NULL. 5068** 5069** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(), 5070** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces 5071** set the return value of the application-defined function to be 5072** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order, 5073** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively. 5074** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an 5075** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding 5076** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one 5077** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]. 5078** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from 5079** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces. 5080** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces 5081** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter 5082** through the first zero character. 5083** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces 5084** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text 5085** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined 5086** function result. If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it 5087** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would 5088** appear if the string where NUL terminated. If any NUL characters occur 5089** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd 5090** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the 5091** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined. 5092** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces 5093** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that 5094** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has 5095** finished using that result. 5096** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to 5097** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite 5098** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not 5099** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content 5100** when it has finished using that result. 5101** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces 5102** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT 5103** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained 5104** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns. 5105** 5106** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of 5107** the application-defined function to be a copy of the 5108** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter. ^The 5109** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value] 5110** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or 5111** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm. 5112** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an 5113** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either 5114** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface. 5115** 5116** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an 5117** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it 5118** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that 5119** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an 5120** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()]. 5121** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor 5122** for the P parameter. ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument 5123** when SQLite is finished with P. The T parameter should be a static 5124** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer() 5125** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0. 5126** 5127** If these routines are called from within the different thread 5128** than the one containing the application-defined function that received 5129** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined. 5130*/ 5131void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*)); 5132void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*, 5133 sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*)); 5134void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double); 5135void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int); 5136void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int); 5137void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*); 5138void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*); 5139void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int); 5140void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int); 5141void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64); 5142void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*); 5143void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*)); 5144void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64, 5145 void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding); 5146void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*)); 5147void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*)); 5148void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*)); 5149void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*); 5150void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*)); 5151void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n); 5152int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n); 5153 5154 5155/* 5156** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function 5157** METHOD: sqlite3_context 5158** 5159** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of 5160** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with 5161** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T. Only the lower 8 bits 5162** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite; 5163** higher order bits are discarded. 5164** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase 5165** in future releases of SQLite. 5166*/ 5167void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int); 5168 5169/* 5170** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences 5171** METHOD: sqlite3 5172** 5173** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated 5174** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument. 5175** 5176** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string 5177** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2() 5178** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16(). 5179** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are 5180** considered to be the same name. 5181** 5182** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants: 5183** <ul> 5184** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8], 5185** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE], 5186** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE], 5187** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or 5188** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED]. 5189** </ul>)^ 5190** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed 5191** to the collating function callback, xCallback. 5192** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep 5193** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order. 5194** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin 5195** on an even byte address. 5196** 5197** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed 5198** through as the first argument to the collating function callback. 5199** 5200** ^The fifth argument, xCallback, is a pointer to the collating function. 5201** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but 5202** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever 5203** function requires the least amount of data transformation. 5204** ^If the xCallback argument is NULL then the collating function is 5205** deleted. ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted, 5206** that collation is no longer usable. 5207** 5208** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg 5209** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified 5210** by the eTextRep argument. The collating function must return an 5211** integer that is negative, zero, or positive 5212** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second, 5213** respectively. A collating function must always return the same answer 5214** given the same inputs. If two or more collating functions are registered 5215** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all 5216** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings. 5217** The collating function must obey the following properties for all 5218** strings A, B, and C: 5219** 5220** <ol> 5221** <li> If A==B then B==A. 5222** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C. 5223** <li> If A<B THEN B>A. 5224** <li> If A<B and B<C then A<C. 5225** </ol> 5226** 5227** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that 5228** collating function is registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite 5229** is undefined. 5230** 5231** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation() 5232** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when 5233** the collating function is deleted. 5234** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later 5235** calls to the collation creation functions or when the 5236** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()]. 5237** 5238** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the 5239** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails. Applications that invoke 5240** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should 5241** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer 5242** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them. 5243** This is different from every other SQLite interface. The inconsistency 5244** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards 5245** compatibility. 5246** 5247** See also: [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()]. 5248*/ 5249int sqlite3_create_collation( 5250 sqlite3*, 5251 const char *zName, 5252 int eTextRep, 5253 void *pArg, 5254 int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*) 5255); 5256int sqlite3_create_collation_v2( 5257 sqlite3*, 5258 const char *zName, 5259 int eTextRep, 5260 void *pArg, 5261 int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*), 5262 void(*xDestroy)(void*) 5263); 5264int sqlite3_create_collation16( 5265 sqlite3*, 5266 const void *zName, 5267 int eTextRep, 5268 void *pArg, 5269 int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*) 5270); 5271 5272/* 5273** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks 5274** METHOD: sqlite3 5275** 5276** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database 5277** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the 5278** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation 5279** sequence is required. 5280** 5281** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API, 5282** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings 5283** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used, 5284** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order. 5285** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback. 5286** 5287** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy 5288** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or 5289** sqlite3_collation_needed16(). The second argument is the database 5290** connection. The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], 5291** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation 5292** sequence function required. The fourth parameter is the name of the 5293** required collation sequence.)^ 5294** 5295** The callback function should register the desired collation using 5296** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or 5297** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()]. 5298*/ 5299int sqlite3_collation_needed( 5300 sqlite3*, 5301 void*, 5302 void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*) 5303); 5304int sqlite3_collation_needed16( 5305 sqlite3*, 5306 void*, 5307 void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*) 5308); 5309 5310#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC 5311/* 5312** Specify the key for an encrypted database. This routine should be 5313** called right after sqlite3_open(). 5314** 5315** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release 5316** of SQLite. 5317*/ 5318int sqlite3_key( 5319 sqlite3 *db, /* Database to be rekeyed */ 5320 const void *pKey, int nKey /* The key */ 5321); 5322int sqlite3_key_v2( 5323 sqlite3 *db, /* Database to be rekeyed */ 5324 const char *zDbName, /* Name of the database */ 5325 const void *pKey, int nKey /* The key */ 5326); 5327 5328/* 5329** Change the key on an open database. If the current database is not 5330** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it. If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the 5331** database is decrypted. 5332** 5333** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release 5334** of SQLite. 5335*/ 5336int sqlite3_rekey( 5337 sqlite3 *db, /* Database to be rekeyed */ 5338 const void *pKey, int nKey /* The new key */ 5339); 5340int sqlite3_rekey_v2( 5341 sqlite3 *db, /* Database to be rekeyed */ 5342 const char *zDbName, /* Name of the database */ 5343 const void *pKey, int nKey /* The new key */ 5344); 5345 5346/* 5347** Specify the activation key for a SEE database. Unless 5348** activated, none of the SEE routines will work. 5349*/ 5350void sqlite3_activate_see( 5351 const char *zPassPhrase /* Activation phrase */ 5352); 5353#endif 5354 5355#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD 5356/* 5357** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database. Unless 5358** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work. 5359*/ 5360void sqlite3_activate_cerod( 5361 const char *zPassPhrase /* Activation phrase */ 5362); 5363#endif 5364 5365/* 5366** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time 5367** 5368** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution 5369** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter. 5370** 5371** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with 5372** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to 5373** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually 5374** requested from the operating system is returned. 5375** 5376** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep() 5377** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object. If the xSleep() method 5378** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at 5379** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description 5380** in the previous paragraphs. 5381*/ 5382int sqlite3_sleep(int); 5383 5384/* 5385** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files 5386** 5387** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is 5388** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files 5389** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] 5390** will be placed in that directory.)^ ^If this variable 5391** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate 5392** temporary file directory. 5393** 5394** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable. 5395** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT). 5396** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications 5397** neither read nor write this variable. This global variable is a relic 5398** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should 5399** be avoided in new projects. 5400** 5401** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one 5402** thread at a time. It is not safe to read or modify this variable 5403** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate 5404** thread. 5405** It is intended that this variable be set once 5406** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface 5407** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged 5408** thereafter. 5409** 5410** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause 5411** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]. ^Furthermore, 5412** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string 5413** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from 5414** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory 5415** using [sqlite3_free]. 5416** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be 5417** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc] 5418** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided. 5419** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite 5420** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to. If 5421** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do 5422** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection] 5423** objects have been destroyed. 5424** 5425** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b> The temporary directory must be set 5426** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2]. Otherwise, various 5427** features that require the use of temporary files may fail. Here is an 5428** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime: 5429** 5430** <blockquote><pre> 5431** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current-> 5432** TemporaryFolder->Path->Data(); 5433** char zPathBuf[MAX_PATH + 1]; 5434** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf)); 5435** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf), 5436** NULL, NULL); 5437** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf); 5438** </pre></blockquote> 5439*/ 5440SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory; 5441 5442/* 5443** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files 5444** 5445** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is 5446** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files 5447** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by 5448** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed 5449** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL 5450** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified 5451** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory 5452** for the process. Only the windows VFS makes use of this global 5453** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS. 5454** 5455** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is 5456** open can result in a corrupt database. 5457** 5458** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one 5459** thread at a time. It is not safe to read or modify this variable 5460** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate 5461** thread. 5462** It is intended that this variable be set once 5463** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface 5464** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged 5465** thereafter. 5466** 5467** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause 5468** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]. ^Furthermore, 5469** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string 5470** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from 5471** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory 5472** using [sqlite3_free]. 5473** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be 5474** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc] 5475** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided. 5476*/ 5477SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory; 5478 5479/* 5480** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode 5481** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode} 5482** METHOD: sqlite3 5483** 5484** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or 5485** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode, 5486** respectively. ^Autocommit mode is on by default. 5487** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement. 5488** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK]. 5489** 5490** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement 5491** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR], 5492** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the 5493** transaction might be rolled back automatically. The only way to 5494** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after 5495** an error is to use this function. 5496** 5497** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database 5498** connection while this routine is running, then the return value 5499** is undefined. 5500*/ 5501int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*); 5502 5503/* 5504** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement 5505** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 5506** 5507** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle 5508** to which a [prepared statement] belongs. ^The [database connection] 5509** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection] 5510** that was the first argument 5511** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to 5512** create the statement in the first place. 5513*/ 5514sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*); 5515 5516/* 5517** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection 5518** METHOD: sqlite3 5519** 5520** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename 5521** associated with database N of connection D. ^The main database file 5522** has the name "main". If there is no attached database N on the database 5523** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then 5524** a NULL pointer is returned. 5525** 5526** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the 5527** xFullPathname method of the [VFS]. ^In other words, the filename 5528** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used 5529** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname. 5530*/ 5531const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName); 5532 5533/* 5534** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only 5535** METHOD: sqlite3 5536** 5537** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N 5538** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not 5539** the name of a database on connection D. 5540*/ 5541int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName); 5542 5543/* 5544** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement 5545** METHOD: sqlite3 5546** 5547** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after 5548** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb. ^If pStmt is NULL 5549** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement 5550** associated with the database connection pDb. ^If no prepared statement 5551** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL. 5552** 5553** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to 5554** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database 5555** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer. 5556*/ 5557sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); 5558 5559/* 5560** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks 5561** METHOD: sqlite3 5562** 5563** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback 5564** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed]. 5565** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook() 5566** for the same database connection is overridden. 5567** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback 5568** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back]. 5569** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook() 5570** for the same database connection is overridden. 5571** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback. 5572** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero, 5573** then the commit is converted into a rollback. 5574** 5575** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions 5576** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function 5577** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for 5578** the first call for each function on D. 5579** 5580** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant. 5581** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify 5582** the database connection that invoked the callback. Any actions 5583** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the 5584** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit 5585** or rollback hook in the first place. 5586** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements, 5587** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify 5588** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph. 5589** 5590** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback. 5591** 5592** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT] 5593** operation is allowed to continue normally. ^If the commit hook 5594** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK]. 5595** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit 5596** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback. 5597** 5598** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been 5599** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or 5600** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur. 5601** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is 5602** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed. 5603** 5604** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface. 5605*/ 5606void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*); 5607void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*); 5608 5609/* 5610** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks 5611** METHOD: sqlite3 5612** 5613** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function 5614** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument 5615** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in 5616** a [rowid table]. 5617** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function 5618** for the same database connection is overridden. 5619** 5620** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a 5621** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table. 5622** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument 5623** to sqlite3_update_hook(). 5624** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], 5625** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback 5626** to be invoked. 5627** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the 5628** database and table name containing the affected row. 5629** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row. 5630** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place. 5631** 5632** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are 5633** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).)^ 5634** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified. 5635** 5636** ^In the current implementation, the update hook 5637** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an 5638** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause. ^Nor is the update hook 5639** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization]. 5640** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future 5641** release of SQLite. 5642** 5643** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify 5644** the database connection that invoked the update hook. Any actions 5645** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the 5646** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook. 5647** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their 5648** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph. 5649** 5650** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function 5651** returns the P argument from the previous call 5652** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for 5653** the first call on D. 5654** 5655** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()], 5656** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces. 5657*/ 5658void *sqlite3_update_hook( 5659 sqlite3*, 5660 void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64), 5661 void* 5662); 5663 5664/* 5665** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache 5666** 5667** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache 5668** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections] 5669** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true 5670** and disabled if the argument is false.)^ 5671** 5672** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process. 5673** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]). 5674** In prior versions of SQLite, 5675** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately. 5676** 5677** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent 5678** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()]. 5679** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode 5680** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^ 5681** 5682** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled 5683** successfully. An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^ 5684** 5685** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in 5686** future releases of SQLite. Applications that care about shared 5687** cache setting should set it explicitly. 5688** 5689** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0 5690** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems, 5691** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via 5692** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE]. 5693** 5694** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a 5695** 32-bit integer is atomic. 5696** 5697** See Also: [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] 5698*/ 5699int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int); 5700 5701/* 5702** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory 5703** 5704** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes 5705** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations 5706** held by the database library. Memory used to cache database 5707** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory. 5708** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed, 5709** which might be more or less than the amount requested. 5710** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero 5711** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]. 5712** 5713** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()] 5714*/ 5715int sqlite3_release_memory(int); 5716 5717/* 5718** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection 5719** METHOD: sqlite3 5720** 5721** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap 5722** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the 5723** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even 5724** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is 5725** omitted. 5726** 5727** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()] 5728*/ 5729int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*); 5730 5731/* 5732** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size 5733** 5734** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the 5735** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite. 5736** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap 5737** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache 5738** as heap memory usages approaches the limit. 5739** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay 5740** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate 5741** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error. In other words, the soft heap limit 5742** is advisory only. 5743** 5744** ^The return value from sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() is the size of 5745** the soft heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an 5746** error. ^If the argument N is negative 5747** then no change is made to the soft heap limit. Hence, the current 5748** size of the soft heap limit can be determined by invoking 5749** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() with a negative argument. 5750** 5751** ^If the argument N is zero then the soft heap limit is disabled. 5752** 5753** ^(The soft heap limit is not enforced in the current implementation 5754** if one or more of following conditions are true: 5755** 5756** <ul> 5757** <li> The soft heap limit is set to zero. 5758** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the 5759** [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and 5760** the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option. 5761** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using 5762** [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...). 5763** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied 5764** by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than 5765** from the heap. 5766** </ul>)^ 5767** 5768** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.7.3] ([dateof:3.7.3]), 5769** the soft heap limit is enforced 5770** regardless of whether or not the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] 5771** compile-time option is invoked. With [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT], 5772** the soft heap limit is enforced on every memory allocation. Without 5773** [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT], the soft heap limit is only enforced 5774** when memory is allocated by the page cache. Testing suggests that because 5775** the page cache is the predominate memory user in SQLite, most 5776** applications will achieve adequate soft heap limit enforcement without 5777** the use of [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]. 5778** 5779** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the soft heap limit may 5780** changes in future releases of SQLite. 5781*/ 5782sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N); 5783 5784/* 5785** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface 5786** DEPRECATED 5787** 5788** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] 5789** interface. This routine is provided for historical compatibility 5790** only. All new applications should use the 5791** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one. 5792*/ 5793SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N); 5794 5795 5796/* 5797** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table 5798** METHOD: sqlite3 5799** 5800** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns 5801** information about column C of table T in database D 5802** on [database connection] X.)^ ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() 5803** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in 5804** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified 5805** column exists. ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns 5806** SQLITE_ERROR and if the specified column does not exist. 5807** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a 5808** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the 5809** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it 5810** does not. If the table name parameter T in a call to 5811** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is 5812** undefined behavior. 5813** 5814** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to 5815** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database 5816** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified 5817** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched 5818** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to 5819** resolve unqualified table references. 5820** 5821** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column 5822** name of the desired column, respectively. 5823** 5824** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th 5825** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be 5826** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted. 5827** 5828** ^(<blockquote> 5829** <table border="1"> 5830** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th> Description 5831** 5832** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type 5833** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence 5834** <tr><td> 7th <td> int <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint 5835** <tr><td> 8th <td> int <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY 5836** <tr><td> 9th <td> int <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT] 5837** </table> 5838** </blockquote>)^ 5839** 5840** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the 5841** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next 5842** call to any SQLite API function. 5843** 5844** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned. 5845** 5846** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table 5847** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an 5848** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output 5849** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no 5850** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs 5851** for the [rowid] are set as follows: 5852** 5853** <pre> 5854** data type: "INTEGER" 5855** collation sequence: "BINARY" 5856** not null: 0 5857** primary key: 1 5858** auto increment: 0 5859** </pre>)^ 5860** 5861** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and 5862** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if 5863** any errors are encountered while loading the schema. 5864*/ 5865int sqlite3_table_column_metadata( 5866 sqlite3 *db, /* Connection handle */ 5867 const char *zDbName, /* Database name or NULL */ 5868 const char *zTableName, /* Table name */ 5869 const char *zColumnName, /* Column name */ 5870 char const **pzDataType, /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */ 5871 char const **pzCollSeq, /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */ 5872 int *pNotNull, /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */ 5873 int *pPrimaryKey, /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */ 5874 int *pAutoinc /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */ 5875); 5876 5877/* 5878** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension 5879** METHOD: sqlite3 5880** 5881** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file. 5882** 5883** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an 5884** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile. If 5885** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load 5886** with various operating-system specific extensions added. 5887** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like 5888** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might 5889** be tried also. 5890** 5891** ^The entry point is zProc. 5892** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an 5893** entry point name on its own. It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init". 5894** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the 5895** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic 5896** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following 5897** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^ 5898** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns 5899** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong. 5900** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the 5901** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to 5902** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory 5903** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function 5904** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()]. 5905** 5906** ^Extension loading must be enabled using 5907** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or 5908** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL) 5909** prior to calling this API, 5910** otherwise an error will be returned. 5911** 5912** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the 5913** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this 5914** interface. The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface 5915** should be avoided. This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()] 5916** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers 5917** access to extension loading capabilities. 5918** 5919** See also the [load_extension() SQL function]. 5920*/ 5921int sqlite3_load_extension( 5922 sqlite3 *db, /* Load the extension into this database connection */ 5923 const char *zFile, /* Name of the shared library containing extension */ 5924 const char *zProc, /* Entry point. Derived from zFile if 0 */ 5925 char **pzErrMsg /* Put error message here if not 0 */ 5926); 5927 5928/* 5929** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading 5930** METHOD: sqlite3 5931** 5932** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are 5933** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling 5934** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API 5935** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off. 5936** 5937** ^Extension loading is off by default. 5938** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1 5939** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn 5940** it back off again. 5941** 5942** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API 5943** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()]. 5944** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..) 5945** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^ 5946** 5947** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading 5948** be disabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method 5949** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function 5950** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers 5951** access to extension loading capabilities. 5952*/ 5953int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff); 5954 5955/* 5956** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions 5957** 5958** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for 5959** each new [database connection] that is created. The idea here is that 5960** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension] 5961** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections. 5962** 5963** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes 5964** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three 5965** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the 5966** entry point where as follows: 5967** 5968** <blockquote><pre> 5969** int xEntryPoint( 5970** sqlite3 *db, 5971** const char **pzErrMsg, 5972** const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk 5973** ); 5974** </pre></blockquote>)^ 5975** 5976** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg 5977** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]) 5978** and return an appropriate [error code]. ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg 5979** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint(). ^SQLite will invoke 5980** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns. ^If any 5981** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], 5982** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail. 5983** 5984** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already 5985** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point 5986** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened. 5987** 5988** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()] 5989** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()] 5990*/ 5991int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void)); 5992 5993/* 5994** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading 5995** 5996** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the 5997** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to 5998** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)]. ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] 5999** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully 6000** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization 6001** routines. 6002*/ 6003int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void)); 6004 6005/* 6006** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading 6007** 6008** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously 6009** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()]. 6010*/ 6011void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void); 6012 6013/* 6014** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered 6015** to be experimental. The interface might change in incompatible ways. 6016** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time. 6017** 6018** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the 6019** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment. 6020*/ 6021 6022/* 6023** Structures used by the virtual table interface 6024*/ 6025typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab; 6026typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info; 6027typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor; 6028typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module; 6029 6030/* 6031** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object 6032** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module} 6033** 6034** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module", 6035** defines the implementation of a [virtual tables]. 6036** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module. 6037** 6038** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent 6039** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance 6040** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()]. 6041** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different 6042** module or until the [database connection] closes. The content 6043** of this structure must not change while it is registered with 6044** any database connection. 6045*/ 6046struct sqlite3_module { 6047 int iVersion; 6048 int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux, 6049 int argc, const char *const*argv, 6050 sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**); 6051 int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux, 6052 int argc, const char *const*argv, 6053 sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**); 6054 int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*); 6055 int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); 6056 int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); 6057 int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor); 6058 int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*); 6059 int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr, 6060 int argc, sqlite3_value **argv); 6061 int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*); 6062 int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*); 6063 int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int); 6064 int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid); 6065 int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *); 6066 int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); 6067 int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); 6068 int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); 6069 int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); 6070 int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName, 6071 void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), 6072 void **ppArg); 6073 int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew); 6074 /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those 6075 ** below are for version 2 and greater. */ 6076 int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int); 6077 int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int); 6078 int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int); 6079}; 6080 6081/* 6082** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information 6083** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info 6084** 6085** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part 6086** of the [virtual table] interface to 6087** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex] 6088** method of a [virtual table module]. The fields under **Inputs** are the 6089** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only. xBestIndex inserts its 6090** results into the **Outputs** fields. 6091** 6092** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form: 6093** 6094** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote> 6095** 6096** where OP is =, <, <=, >, or >=.)^ ^(The particular operator is 6097** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the 6098** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^ 6099** ^(The index of the column is stored in 6100** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^ ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the 6101** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint 6102** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^ 6103** 6104** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column" 6105** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to 6106** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible. 6107** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are 6108** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried. 6109** 6110** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[]. 6111** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause. 6112** 6113** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be 6114** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from 6115** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement 6116** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62), 6117** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be 6118** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column 6119** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also 6120** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression 6121** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to 6122** non-zero. 6123** 6124** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information 6125** about what parameters to pass to xFilter. ^If argvIndex>0 then 6126** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated 6127** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv. ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit 6128** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the 6129** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.)^ 6130** 6131** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the 6132** [xFilter] method. 6133** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if 6134** needToFreeIdxPtr is true. 6135** 6136** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in 6137** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate 6138** sorting step is required. 6139** 6140** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular 6141** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar 6142** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N) 6143** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a 6144** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows. 6145** 6146** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that 6147** will be returned by the strategy. 6148** 6149** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a 6150** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag - 6151** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite 6152** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row. 6153** 6154** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then 6155** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as 6156** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the 6157** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback 6158** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns 6159** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were 6160** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not 6161** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by 6162** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite. 6163** 6164** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info 6165** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]). 6166** If a virtual table extension is 6167** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting 6168** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely 6169** to included crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should 6170** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a 6171** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field 6172** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]). 6173** It may therefore only be used if 6174** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to 6175** 3009000. 6176*/ 6177struct sqlite3_index_info { 6178 /* Inputs */ 6179 int nConstraint; /* Number of entries in aConstraint */ 6180 struct sqlite3_index_constraint { 6181 int iColumn; /* Column constrained. -1 for ROWID */ 6182 unsigned char op; /* Constraint operator */ 6183 unsigned char usable; /* True if this constraint is usable */ 6184 int iTermOffset; /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */ 6185 } *aConstraint; /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */ 6186 int nOrderBy; /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */ 6187 struct sqlite3_index_orderby { 6188 int iColumn; /* Column number */ 6189 unsigned char desc; /* True for DESC. False for ASC. */ 6190 } *aOrderBy; /* The ORDER BY clause */ 6191 /* Outputs */ 6192 struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage { 6193 int argvIndex; /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */ 6194 unsigned char omit; /* Do not code a test for this constraint */ 6195 } *aConstraintUsage; 6196 int idxNum; /* Number used to identify the index */ 6197 char *idxStr; /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */ 6198 int needToFreeIdxStr; /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */ 6199 int orderByConsumed; /* True if output is already ordered */ 6200 double estimatedCost; /* Estimated cost of using this index */ 6201 /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */ 6202 sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows; /* Estimated number of rows returned */ 6203 /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */ 6204 int idxFlags; /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */ 6205 /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */ 6206 sqlite3_uint64 colUsed; /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */ 6207}; 6208 6209/* 6210** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags 6211*/ 6212#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE 1 /* Scan visits at most 1 row */ 6213 6214/* 6215** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes 6216** 6217** These macros defined the allowed values for the 6218** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field. Each value represents 6219** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of 6220** a query that uses a [virtual table]. 6221*/ 6222#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ 2 6223#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT 4 6224#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE 8 6225#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT 16 6226#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE 32 6227#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64 6228#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE 65 6229#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB 66 6230#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP 67 6231#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE 68 6232#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT 69 6233#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70 6234#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL 71 6235#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS 72 6236 6237/* 6238** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation 6239** METHOD: sqlite3 6240** 6241** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name. 6242** ^Module names must be registered before 6243** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a 6244** preexisting [virtual table] for the module. 6245** 6246** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified 6247** by the first parameter. ^The name of the module is given by the 6248** second parameter. ^The third parameter is a pointer to 6249** the implementation of the [virtual table module]. ^The fourth 6250** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through 6251** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module 6252** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized. 6253** 6254** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which 6255** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData. ^SQLite will 6256** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite 6257** no longer needs the pClientData pointer. ^The destructor will also 6258** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails. 6259** ^The sqlite3_create_module() 6260** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL 6261** destructor. 6262*/ 6263int sqlite3_create_module( 6264 sqlite3 *db, /* SQLite connection to register module with */ 6265 const char *zName, /* Name of the module */ 6266 const sqlite3_module *p, /* Methods for the module */ 6267 void *pClientData /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */ 6268); 6269int sqlite3_create_module_v2( 6270 sqlite3 *db, /* SQLite connection to register module with */ 6271 const char *zName, /* Name of the module */ 6272 const sqlite3_module *p, /* Methods for the module */ 6273 void *pClientData, /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */ 6274 void(*xDestroy)(void*) /* Module destructor function */ 6275); 6276 6277/* 6278** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object 6279** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab 6280** 6281** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass 6282** of this object to describe a particular instance 6283** of the [virtual table]. Each subclass will 6284** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation. 6285** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are 6286** common to all module implementations. 6287** 6288** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a 6289** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg. The method should 6290** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()] 6291** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg. ^After the error message 6292** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically 6293** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed. 6294*/ 6295struct sqlite3_vtab { 6296 const sqlite3_module *pModule; /* The module for this virtual table */ 6297 int nRef; /* Number of open cursors */ 6298 char *zErrMsg; /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */ 6299 /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */ 6300}; 6301 6302/* 6303** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object 6304** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor} 6305** 6306** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the 6307** following structure to describe cursors that point into the 6308** [virtual table] and are used 6309** to loop through the virtual table. Cursors are created using the 6310** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed 6311** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method. Cursors are used 6312** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods 6313** of the module. Each module implementation will define 6314** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs. 6315** 6316** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that 6317** are common to all implementations. 6318*/ 6319struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor { 6320 sqlite3_vtab *pVtab; /* Virtual table of this cursor */ 6321 /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */ 6322}; 6323 6324/* 6325** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table 6326** 6327** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a 6328** [virtual table module] call this interface 6329** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of 6330** the virtual tables they implement. 6331*/ 6332int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL); 6333 6334/* 6335** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table 6336** METHOD: sqlite3 6337** 6338** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions 6339** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module]. 6340** But global versions of those functions 6341** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^ 6342** 6343** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular 6344** name and number of parameters exists. If no such function exists 6345** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^ ^The implementation 6346** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown. So 6347** the new function is not good for anything by itself. Its only 6348** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded 6349** by a [virtual table]. 6350*/ 6351int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg); 6352 6353/* 6354** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up 6355** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered 6356** to be experimental. The interface might change in incompatible ways. 6357** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time. 6358** 6359** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the 6360** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment. 6361*/ 6362 6363/* 6364** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB 6365** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles} 6366** 6367** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which 6368** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed. 6369** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()] 6370** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()]. 6371** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces 6372** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB. 6373** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes. 6374*/ 6375typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob; 6376 6377/* 6378** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O 6379** METHOD: sqlite3 6380** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob 6381** 6382** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located 6383** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb; 6384** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by: 6385** 6386** <pre> 6387** SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow; 6388** </pre>)^ 6389** 6390** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but 6391** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is 6392** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement. 6393** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP 6394** tables, the database name is "temp".)^ 6395** 6396** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read 6397** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for 6398** read-only access. 6399** 6400** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored 6401** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error 6402** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided 6403** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()] 6404** on *ppBlob after this function it returns. 6405** 6406** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true: 6407** <ul> 6408** <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^, 6409** <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^, 6410** <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^, 6411** <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^, 6412** <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^, 6413** <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not 6414** a TEXT or BLOB value)^, 6415** <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE 6416** constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^, 6417** <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled, 6418** column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is 6419** being opened for read/write access)^. 6420** </ul> 6421** 6422** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the 6423** [database connection] error code and message accessible via 6424** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions. 6425** 6426** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the 6427** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using 6428** [sqlite3_blob_write()]. The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a 6429** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] 6430** interface. However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle] 6431** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened. 6432** 6433** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an 6434** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects 6435** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired". 6436** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column 6437** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^ 6438** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for 6439** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT]. 6440** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not 6441** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB. Such changes will eventually 6442** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^ 6443** 6444** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of 6445** the opened blob. ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this 6446** interface. Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a 6447** blob. 6448** 6449** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces 6450** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a 6451** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface. 6452** 6453** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually 6454** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()]. 6455** 6456** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()], 6457** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()], 6458** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()]. 6459*/ 6460int sqlite3_blob_open( 6461 sqlite3*, 6462 const char *zDb, 6463 const char *zTable, 6464 const char *zColumn, 6465 sqlite3_int64 iRow, 6466 int flags, 6467 sqlite3_blob **ppBlob 6468); 6469 6470/* 6471** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row 6472** METHOD: sqlite3_blob 6473** 6474** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points 6475** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified 6476** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be 6477** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open 6478** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is 6479** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one. 6480** 6481** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] - 6482** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in 6483** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if 6484** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an 6485** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted. 6486** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or 6487** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return 6488** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle 6489** always returns zero. 6490** 6491** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message. 6492*/ 6493int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64); 6494 6495/* 6496** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle 6497** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob 6498** 6499** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed 6500** unconditionally. Even if this routine returns an error code, the 6501** handle is still closed.)^ 6502** 6503** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if 6504** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write 6505** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is 6506** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error 6507** code is returned and the transaction rolled back. 6508** 6509** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an 6510** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine 6511** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to 6512** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function 6513** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the 6514** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning. 6515*/ 6516int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *); 6517 6518/* 6519** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB 6520** METHOD: sqlite3_blob 6521** 6522** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the 6523** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument. ^The 6524** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing 6525** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob. 6526** 6527** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created 6528** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not 6529** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()]. Passing any other pointer in 6530** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior. 6531*/ 6532int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *); 6533 6534/* 6535** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally 6536** METHOD: sqlite3_blob 6537** 6538** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a 6539** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z 6540** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^ 6541** 6542** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB, 6543** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read. ^If N or iOffset is 6544** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read. 6545** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) 6546** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. 6547** 6548** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an 6549** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT]. 6550** 6551** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK. 6552** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^ 6553** 6554** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created 6555** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not 6556** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()]. Passing any other pointer in 6557** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior. 6558** 6559** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()]. 6560*/ 6561int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset); 6562 6563/* 6564** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally 6565** METHOD: sqlite3_blob 6566** 6567** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a 6568** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z 6569** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^ 6570** 6571** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK. 6572** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^ 6573** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the 6574** [database connection] error code and message accessible via 6575** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions. 6576** 6577** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for 6578** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero), 6579** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY]. 6580** 6581** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is 6582** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API. 6583** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB, 6584** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the 6585** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined 6586** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less 6587** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. 6588** 6589** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an 6590** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT]. ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred 6591** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the 6592** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might 6593** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle 6594** or by other independent statements. 6595** 6596** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created 6597** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not 6598** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()]. Passing any other pointer in 6599** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior. 6600** 6601** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()]. 6602*/ 6603int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset); 6604 6605/* 6606** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects 6607** 6608** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object 6609** that SQLite uses to interact 6610** with the underlying operating system. Most SQLite builds come with a 6611** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer. 6612** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered. 6613** The following interfaces are provided. 6614** 6615** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name. 6616** ^Names are case sensitive. 6617** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings. 6618** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned. 6619** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned. 6620** 6621** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register(). 6622** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set. 6623** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury. 6624** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again 6625** with the makeDflt flag set. If two different VFSes with the 6626** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined. If a 6627** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string, 6628** then the behavior is undefined. 6629** 6630** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface. 6631** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as 6632** the default. The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^ 6633*/ 6634sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName); 6635int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt); 6636int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*); 6637 6638/* 6639** CAPI3REF: Mutexes 6640** 6641** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread 6642** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal 6643** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is 6644** permitted to use any of these routines. 6645** 6646** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations 6647** of these mutex routines. An appropriate implementation 6648** is selected automatically at compile-time. The following 6649** implementations are available in the SQLite core: 6650** 6651** <ul> 6652** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS 6653** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 6654** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP 6655** </ul> 6656** 6657** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines 6658** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in 6659** a single-threaded application. The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and 6660** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix 6661** and Windows. 6662** 6663** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor 6664** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex 6665** implementation is included with the library. In this case the 6666** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the 6667** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function 6668** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_ 6669** function that calls sqlite3_initialize(). 6670** 6671** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new 6672** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() 6673** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested 6674** mutex. The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these 6675** integer constants: 6676** 6677** <ul> 6678** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST 6679** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE 6680** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER 6681** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM 6682** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN 6683** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG 6684** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU 6685** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM 6686** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1 6687** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2 6688** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3 6689** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1 6690** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2 6691** <li> SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3 6692** </ul> 6693** 6694** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) 6695** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create 6696** a new mutex. ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE 6697** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used. 6698** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction 6699** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does 6700** not want to. SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in 6701** cases where it really needs one. If a faster non-recursive mutex 6702** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem 6703** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST. 6704** 6705** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other 6706** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return 6707** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex. ^Nine static mutexes are 6708** used by the current version of SQLite. Future versions of SQLite 6709** may add additional static mutexes. Static mutexes are for internal 6710** use by SQLite only. Applications that use SQLite mutexes should 6711** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or 6712** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE. 6713** 6714** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST 6715** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc() 6716** returns a different mutex on every call. ^For the static 6717** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has 6718** the same type number. 6719** 6720** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously 6721** allocated dynamic mutex. Attempting to deallocate a static 6722** mutex results in undefined behavior. 6723** 6724** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt 6725** to enter a mutex. ^If another thread is already within the mutex, 6726** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return 6727** SQLITE_BUSY. ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK] 6728** upon successful entry. ^(Mutexes created using 6729** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread. 6730** In such cases, the 6731** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread 6732** can enter.)^ If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other 6733** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined. 6734** 6735** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation 6736** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try(). On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try() 6737** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses 6738** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable 6739** behavior.)^ 6740** 6741** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was 6742** previously entered by the same thread. The behavior 6743** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the 6744** calling thread or is not currently allocated. 6745** 6746** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or 6747** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines 6748** behave as no-ops. 6749** 6750** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()]. 6751*/ 6752sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int); 6753void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*); 6754void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*); 6755int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*); 6756void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*); 6757 6758/* 6759** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object 6760** 6761** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines 6762** used to allocate and use mutexes. 6763** 6764** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are 6765** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom 6766** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite 6767** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application 6768** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass 6769** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option. 6770** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an 6771** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex 6772** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option. 6773** 6774** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as 6775** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function. 6776** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each 6777** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()]. 6778** 6779** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as 6780** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The 6781** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding 6782** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially 6783** those obtained by the xMutexInit method. ^The xMutexEnd() 6784** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()]. 6785** 6786** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc, 6787** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and 6788** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively): 6789** 6790** <ul> 6791** <li> [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li> 6792** <li> [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li> 6793** <li> [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li> 6794** <li> [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li> 6795** <li> [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li> 6796** <li> [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li> 6797** <li> [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li> 6798** </ul>)^ 6799** 6800** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated 6801** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead 6802** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined 6803** by this structure are not required to handle this case, the results 6804** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined 6805** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if 6806** it is passed a NULL pointer). 6807** 6808** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe. It must be harmless to 6809** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without 6810** intervening calls to xMutexEnd(). Second and subsequent calls to 6811** xMutexInit() must be no-ops. 6812** 6813** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()] 6814** and its associates). Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory 6815** allocation for a static mutex. ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite 6816** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex. 6817** 6818** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is 6819** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK. 6820** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself 6821** prior to returning. 6822*/ 6823typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods; 6824struct sqlite3_mutex_methods { 6825 int (*xMutexInit)(void); 6826 int (*xMutexEnd)(void); 6827 sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int); 6828 void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *); 6829 void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *); 6830 int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *); 6831 void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *); 6832 int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *); 6833 int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *); 6834}; 6835 6836/* 6837** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines 6838** 6839** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines 6840** are intended for use inside assert() statements. The SQLite core 6841** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications 6842** are advised to follow the lead of the core. The SQLite core only 6843** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled 6844** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag. External mutex implementations 6845** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is 6846** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined. 6847** 6848** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument 6849** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread. 6850** 6851** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these 6852** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working 6853** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always 6854** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures. 6855** 6856** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then 6857** the routine should return 1. This seems counter-intuitive since 6858** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist. But 6859** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not 6860** using mutexes. And we do not want the assert() containing the 6861** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is 6862** the appropriate thing to do. The sqlite3_mutex_notheld() 6863** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer. 6864*/ 6865#ifndef NDEBUG 6866int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*); 6867int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*); 6868#endif 6869 6870/* 6871** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types 6872** 6873** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument 6874** which is one of these integer constants. 6875** 6876** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the 6877** next. Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be 6878** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes. 6879*/ 6880#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST 0 6881#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE 1 6882#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER 2 6883#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM 3 /* sqlite3_malloc() */ 6884#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2 4 /* NOT USED */ 6885#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN 4 /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */ 6886#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG 5 /* sqlite3_randomness() */ 6887#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU 6 /* lru page list */ 6888#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2 7 /* NOT USED */ 6889#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM 7 /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */ 6890#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1 8 /* For use by application */ 6891#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2 9 /* For use by application */ 6892#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3 10 /* For use by application */ 6893#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1 11 /* For use by built-in VFS */ 6894#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2 12 /* For use by extension VFS */ 6895#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3 13 /* For use by application VFS */ 6896 6897/* 6898** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection 6899** METHOD: sqlite3 6900** 6901** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that 6902** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument 6903** when the [threading mode] is Serialized. 6904** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this 6905** routine returns a NULL pointer. 6906*/ 6907sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*); 6908 6909/* 6910** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files 6911** METHOD: sqlite3 6912** 6913** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the 6914** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated 6915** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The 6916** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the 6917** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for 6918** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command. 6919** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the 6920** main database file. 6921** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine 6922** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of 6923** the xFileControl method. ^The return value of the xFileControl 6924** method becomes the return value of this routine. 6925** 6926** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes 6927** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into 6928** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter. ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] 6929** case is a short-circuit path which does not actually invoke the 6930** underlying sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method. 6931** 6932** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any 6933** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned. ^This error 6934** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()] 6935** or [sqlite3_errmsg()]. The underlying xFileControl method might 6936** also return SQLITE_ERROR. There is no way to distinguish between 6937** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying 6938** xFileControl method. 6939** 6940** See also: [file control opcodes] 6941*/ 6942int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*); 6943 6944/* 6945** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface 6946** 6947** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal 6948** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing 6949** purposes. ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines 6950** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters. 6951** 6952** This interface is not for use by applications. It exists solely 6953** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library. Depending 6954** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist. 6955** 6956** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters 6957** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice. 6958** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to 6959** operate consistently from one release to the next. 6960*/ 6961int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...); 6962 6963/* 6964** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes 6965** 6966** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used 6967** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()]. 6968** 6969** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change 6970** without notice. These values are for testing purposes only. 6971** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the 6972** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface. 6973*/ 6974#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST 5 6975#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE 5 6976#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE 6 6977#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET 7 6978#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST 8 6979#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL 9 6980#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS 10 6981#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE 11 6982#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT 12 6983#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS 13 6984#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE 14 6985#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS 15 6986#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD 16 6987#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC 17 /* NOT USED */ 6988#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT 18 6989#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT 19 /* NOT USED */ 6990#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD 19 6991#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT 20 6992#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE 21 6993#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER 22 6994#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT 23 6995#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP 24 6996#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER 25 6997#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE 26 6998#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST 26 /* Largest TESTCTRL */ 6999 7000/* 7001** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status 7002** 7003** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information 7004** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various 7005** highwater marks. ^The first argument is an integer code for 7006** the specific parameter to measure. ^(Recognized integer codes 7007** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^ 7008** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent. 7009** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater. ^If the 7010** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after 7011** *pHighwater is written. ^(Some parameters do not record the highest 7012** value. For those parameters 7013** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^ 7014** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current 7015** value. For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^ 7016** 7017** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return 7018** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure. 7019** 7020** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to 7021** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by 7022** sqlite3_status() are undefined. 7023** 7024** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()] 7025*/ 7026int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag); 7027int sqlite3_status64( 7028 int op, 7029 sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent, 7030 sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater, 7031 int resetFlag 7032); 7033 7034 7035/* 7036** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters 7037** KEYWORDS: {status parameters} 7038** 7039** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters 7040** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()]. 7041** 7042** <dl> 7043** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt> 7044** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out 7045** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly. The 7046** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application 7047** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library. Auxiliary page-cache 7048** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in 7049** this parameter. The amount returned is the sum of the allocation 7050** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^ 7051** 7052** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt> 7053** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request 7054** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their 7055** internal equivalents). Only the value returned in the 7056** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest. 7057** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^ 7058** 7059** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt> 7060** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations 7061** currently checked out.</dd>)^ 7062** 7063** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt> 7064** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the 7065** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using 7066** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]. The 7067** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^ 7068** 7069** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]] 7070** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt> 7071** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache 7072** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] 7073** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()]. The 7074** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they 7075** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to 7076** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because 7077** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^ 7078** 7079** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt> 7080** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request 7081** handed to [pagecache memory allocator]. Only the value returned in the 7082** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest. 7083** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^ 7084** 7085** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt> 7086** <dd>No longer used.</dd> 7087** 7088** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt> 7089** <dd>No longer used.</dd> 7090** 7091** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt> 7092** <dd>No longer used.</dd> 7093** 7094** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt> 7095** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack. 7096** The *pCurrent value is undefined. The *pHighwater value is only 7097** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^ 7098** </dl> 7099** 7100** New status parameters may be added from time to time. 7101*/ 7102#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED 0 7103#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED 1 7104#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW 2 7105#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED 3 /* NOT USED */ 7106#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW 4 /* NOT USED */ 7107#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE 5 7108#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK 6 7109#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE 7 7110#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE 8 /* NOT USED */ 7111#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT 9 7112 7113/* 7114** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status 7115** METHOD: sqlite3 7116** 7117** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information 7118** about a single [database connection]. ^The first argument is the 7119** database connection object to be interrogated. ^The second argument 7120** is an integer constant, taken from the set of 7121** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that 7122** determines the parameter to interrogate. The set of 7123** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely 7124** to grow in future releases of SQLite. 7125** 7126** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur 7127** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr. ^If 7128** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is 7129** reset back down to the current value. 7130** 7131** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a 7132** non-zero [error code] on failure. 7133** 7134** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()]. 7135*/ 7136int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg); 7137 7138/* 7139** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections 7140** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options} 7141** 7142** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as 7143** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface. 7144** 7145** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs 7146** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from 7147** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked. 7148** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code 7149** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked. 7150** 7151** <dl> 7152** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt> 7153** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently 7154** checked out.</dd>)^ 7155** 7156** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt> 7157** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that were 7158** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful; 7159** the current value is always zero.)^ 7160** 7161** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]] 7162** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt> 7163** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have 7164** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of 7165** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size. 7166** Only the high-water value is meaningful; 7167** the current value is always zero.)^ 7168** 7169** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]] 7170** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt> 7171** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have 7172** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside 7173** memory already being in use. 7174** Only the high-water value is meaningful; 7175** the current value is always zero.)^ 7176** 7177** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt> 7178** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap 7179** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^ 7180** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0. 7181** 7182** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]] 7183** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt> 7184** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a 7185** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap 7186** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached 7187** connections.)^ In other words, if none of the pager caches associated 7188** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same 7189** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are 7190** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned 7191** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with 7192** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0. 7193** 7194** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt> 7195** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap 7196** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated 7197** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^ 7198** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the 7199** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to 7200** [shared cache mode] being enabled. 7201** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0. 7202** 7203** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt> 7204** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap 7205** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with 7206** the database connection.)^ 7207** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0. 7208** </dd> 7209** 7210** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt> 7211** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have 7212** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT 7213** is always 0. 7214** </dd> 7215** 7216** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt> 7217** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have 7218** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS 7219** is always 0. 7220** </dd> 7221** 7222** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt> 7223** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have 7224** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the 7225** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the 7226** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of 7227** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included. 7228** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect 7229** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The 7230** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0. 7231** </dd> 7232** 7233** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt> 7234** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if 7235** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been 7236** resolved.)^ ^The highwater mark is always 0. 7237** </dd> 7238** </dl> 7239*/ 7240#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED 0 7241#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED 1 7242#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED 2 7243#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED 3 7244#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT 4 7245#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE 5 7246#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL 6 7247#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT 7 7248#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS 8 7249#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE 9 7250#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS 10 7251#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED 11 7252#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX 11 /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */ 7253 7254 7255/* 7256** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status 7257** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 7258** 7259** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various 7260** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number 7261** of times it has performed specific operations.)^ These counters can 7262** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared 7263** statements. For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds 7264** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate 7265** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than 7266** an index. 7267** 7268** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from 7269** a [prepared statement]. The first argument is the prepared statement 7270** object to be interrogated. The second argument 7271** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter] 7272** to be interrogated.)^ 7273** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned. 7274** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this 7275** interface call returns. 7276** 7277** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()]. 7278*/ 7279int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg); 7280 7281/* 7282** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements 7283** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters} 7284** 7285** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter 7286** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface. 7287** The meanings of the various counters are as follows: 7288** 7289** <dl> 7290** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt> 7291** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in 7292** a table as part of a full table scan. Large numbers for this counter 7293** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through 7294** careful use of indices.</dd> 7295** 7296** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt> 7297** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred. 7298** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to 7299** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd> 7300** 7301** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt> 7302** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that 7303** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster. 7304** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to 7305** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not 7306** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd> 7307** 7308** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt> 7309** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed 7310** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal 7311** to 2147483647. The number of virtual machine operations can be 7312** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement. 7313** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647 7314** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined. 7315** 7316** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt> 7317** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been 7318** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or change to 7319** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan. 7320** 7321** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt> 7322** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has 7323** been run. A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one 7324** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()]. 7325** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each 7326** cycle. 7327** 7328** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED</dt> 7329** <dd>^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory 7330** used to store the prepared statement. ^This value is not actually 7331** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status() 7332** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED. 7333** </dd> 7334** </dl> 7335*/ 7336#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP 1 7337#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT 2 7338#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX 3 7339#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP 4 7340#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE 5 7341#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN 6 7342#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED 99 7343 7344/* 7345** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object 7346** 7347** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque. It is implemented by 7348** the pluggable module. The SQLite core has no knowledge of 7349** its size or internal structure and never deals with the 7350** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers 7351** to the object. 7352** 7353** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information. 7354*/ 7355typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache; 7356 7357/* 7358** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object 7359** 7360** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the 7361** page cache. The page cache will allocate instances of this 7362** object. Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances 7363** of this object as parameters or as their return value. 7364** 7365** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information. 7366*/ 7367typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page; 7368struct sqlite3_pcache_page { 7369 void *pBuf; /* The content of the page */ 7370 void *pExtra; /* Extra information associated with the page */ 7371}; 7372 7373/* 7374** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache. 7375** KEYWORDS: {page cache} 7376** 7377** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can 7378** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an 7379** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^ 7380** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by 7381** SQLite is used for the page cache. 7382** By implementing a 7383** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control 7384** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which 7385** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to 7386** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for 7387** how long. 7388** 7389** The alternative page cache mechanism is an 7390** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications. 7391** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses. 7392** 7393** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an 7394** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config]. Hence 7395** the application may discard the parameter after the call to 7396** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^ 7397** 7398** [[the xInit() page cache method]] 7399** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective 7400** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^ 7401** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit() 7402** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^ 7403** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures 7404** required by the custom page cache implementation. 7405** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the 7406** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined 7407** page cache.)^ 7408** 7409** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]] 7410** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()]. 7411** It can be used to clean up 7412** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required. 7413** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL. 7414** 7415** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method, 7416** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe. ^The 7417** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does 7418** not need to be threadsafe either. All other methods must be threadsafe 7419** in multithreaded applications. 7420** 7421** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening 7422** call to xShutdown(). 7423** 7424** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]] 7425** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance. 7426** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file, 7427** though this is not guaranteed. ^The 7428** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must 7429** be allocated by the cache. ^szPage will always a power of two. ^The 7430** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage 7431** associated with each page cache entry. ^The szExtra parameter will 7432** a number less than 250. SQLite will use the 7433** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying 7434** database page on disk. The value passed into szExtra depends 7435** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled. 7436** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being 7437** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or 7438** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation 7439** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable; 7440** it is purely advisory. ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will 7441** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page. 7442** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to 7443** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true. 7444** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will 7445** never contain any unpinned pages. 7446** 7447** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]] 7448** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the 7449** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache 7450** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using 7451** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^ As with the bPurgeable 7452** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this 7453** value; it is advisory only. 7454** 7455** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]] 7456** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently 7457** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned. 7458** 7459** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]] 7460** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to 7461** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer. 7462** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a 7463** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a 7464** single database page. The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be 7465** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested 7466** for each entry in the page cache. 7467** 7468** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value 7469** is 1. After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered 7470** to be "pinned". 7471** 7472** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache 7473** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content 7474** intact. If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the 7475** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag 7476** parameter to help it determined what action to take: 7477** 7478** <table border=1 width=85% align=center> 7479** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache 7480** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page. Return NULL. 7481** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so. 7482** Otherwise return NULL. 7483** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page. Only return 7484** NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible. 7485** </table> 7486** 7487** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1. SQLite 7488** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1 7489** failed.)^ In between the to xFetch() calls, SQLite may 7490** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of 7491** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache. 7492** 7493** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]] 7494** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page 7495** as its second argument. If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero, 7496** then the page must be evicted from the cache. 7497** ^If the discard parameter is 7498** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of 7499** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation 7500** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time. 7501** 7502** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single 7503** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls 7504** to xFetch(). 7505** 7506** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]] 7507** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the 7508** page passed as the second argument. If the cache 7509** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be 7510** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not 7511** to be pinned. 7512** 7513** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all 7514** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal 7515** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any 7516** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that 7517** they can be safely discarded. 7518** 7519** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]] 7520** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate(). 7521** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After 7522** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*] 7523** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2 7524** functions. 7525** 7526** [[the xShrink() page cache method]] 7527** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to 7528** free up as much of heap memory as possible. The page cache implementation 7529** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should 7530** do their best. 7531*/ 7532typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2; 7533struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 { 7534 int iVersion; 7535 void *pArg; 7536 int (*xInit)(void*); 7537 void (*xShutdown)(void*); 7538 sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable); 7539 void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize); 7540 int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*); 7541 sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag); 7542 void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard); 7543 void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, 7544 unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey); 7545 void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit); 7546 void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*); 7547 void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*); 7548}; 7549 7550/* 7551** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced 7552** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2. This object is not used by SQLite. It is 7553** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only. 7554*/ 7555typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods; 7556struct sqlite3_pcache_methods { 7557 void *pArg; 7558 int (*xInit)(void*); 7559 void (*xShutdown)(void*); 7560 sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable); 7561 void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize); 7562 int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*); 7563 void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag); 7564 void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard); 7565 void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey); 7566 void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit); 7567 void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*); 7568}; 7569 7570 7571/* 7572** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object 7573** 7574** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing 7575** online backup operation. ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by 7576** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to 7577** [sqlite3_backup_finish()]. 7578** 7579** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API] 7580*/ 7581typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup; 7582 7583/* 7584** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API. 7585** 7586** The backup API copies the content of one database into another. 7587** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or 7588** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files. 7589** 7590** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API] 7591** 7592** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file 7593** for the duration of the backup operation. 7594** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read; 7595** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation. 7596** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without 7597** preventing other database connections from 7598** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway. 7599** 7600** ^(To perform a backup operation: 7601** <ol> 7602** <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the 7603** backup, 7604** <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer 7605** the data between the two databases, and finally 7606** <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources 7607** associated with the backup operation. 7608** </ol>)^ 7609** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each 7610** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init(). 7611** 7612** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> 7613** 7614** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the 7615** [database connection] associated with the destination database 7616** and the database name, respectively. 7617** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the 7618** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in 7619** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database. 7620** ^The S and M arguments passed to 7621** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection] 7622** and database name of the source database, respectively. 7623** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D) 7624** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with 7625** an error. 7626** 7627** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if 7628** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the 7629** destination database. 7630** 7631** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is 7632** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the 7633** destination [database connection] D. 7634** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init() 7635** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or 7636** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions. 7637** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an 7638** [sqlite3_backup] object. 7639** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and 7640** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup 7641** operation. 7642** 7643** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> 7644** 7645** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between 7646** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B. 7647** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied. 7648** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there 7649** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK]. 7650** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages 7651** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE]. 7652** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N), 7653** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and 7654** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY], 7655** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an 7656** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code. 7657** 7658** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if 7659** <ol> 7660** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or 7661** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling 7662** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or 7663** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the 7664** destination and source page sizes differ. 7665** </ol>)^ 7666** 7667** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then 7668** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function] 7669** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the 7670** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then 7671** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to 7672** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source 7673** [database connection] 7674** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step() 7675** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this 7676** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If 7677** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or 7678** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then 7679** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These 7680** errors are considered fatal.)^ The application must accept 7681** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle 7682** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources. 7683** 7684** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock 7685** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either 7686** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete 7687** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE]. ^Every call to 7688** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that 7689** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call. 7690** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to 7691** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way 7692** through the backup process. ^If the source database is modified by an 7693** external process or via a database connection other than the one being 7694** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically 7695** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source 7696** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used 7697** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically 7698** updated at the same time. 7699** 7700** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> 7701** 7702** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the 7703** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application 7704** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish(). 7705** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all 7706** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object. 7707** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any 7708** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back. 7709** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid 7710** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish(). 7711** 7712** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no 7713** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not 7714** sqlite3_backup_step() completed. 7715** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior 7716** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then 7717** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code]. 7718** 7719** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step() 7720** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of 7721** sqlite3_backup_finish(). 7722** 7723** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]] 7724** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b> 7725** 7726** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still 7727** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step(). 7728** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages 7729** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent 7730** sqlite3_backup_step(). 7731** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by 7732** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that 7733** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining, 7734** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount() 7735** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next 7736** sqlite3_backup_step().)^ 7737** 7738** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b> 7739** 7740** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other 7741** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized. 7742** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database 7743** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently 7744** from within other threads. 7745** 7746** However, the application must guarantee that the destination 7747** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after 7748** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to 7749** sqlite3_backup_finish(). SQLite does not currently check to see 7750** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection] 7751** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction 7752** nevertheless. Use of the destination database connection while a 7753** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock. 7754** 7755** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must 7756** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database 7757** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means 7758** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being 7759** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process, 7760** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init(). 7761** 7762** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple 7763** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step(). 7764** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount() 7765** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the 7766** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is 7767** possible that they return invalid values. 7768*/ 7769sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init( 7770 sqlite3 *pDest, /* Destination database handle */ 7771 const char *zDestName, /* Destination database name */ 7772 sqlite3 *pSource, /* Source database handle */ 7773 const char *zSourceName /* Source database name */ 7774); 7775int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage); 7776int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p); 7777int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p); 7778int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p); 7779 7780/* 7781** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification 7782** METHOD: sqlite3 7783** 7784** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with 7785** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or 7786** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See 7787** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking. 7788** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke 7789** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it. 7790** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the 7791** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined. 7792** 7793** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature]. 7794** 7795** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes 7796** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back. 7797** 7798** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a 7799** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the 7800** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that 7801** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an 7802** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the 7803** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as 7804** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked 7805** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The 7806** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close] 7807** call that concludes the blocking connections transaction. 7808** 7809** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application, 7810** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already 7811** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked. 7812** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately, 7813** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^ 7814** 7815** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a 7816** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds 7817** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of 7818** the other connections to use as the blocking connection. 7819** 7820** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a 7821** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the 7822** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback, 7823** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is 7824** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing 7825** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections 7826** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked 7827** connection using [sqlite3_close()]. 7828** 7829** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes 7830** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a 7831** crash or deadlock may be the result. 7832** 7833** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always 7834** returns SQLITE_OK. 7835** 7836** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b> 7837** 7838** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a 7839** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked. 7840** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass 7841** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to 7842** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers, 7843** and the second is the number of entries in the array. 7844** 7845** When a blocking connections transaction is concluded, there may be 7846** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify 7847** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the 7848** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function 7849** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers 7850** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array. 7851** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions 7852** related to the set of unblocked database connections. 7853** 7854** <b>Deadlock Detection</b> 7855** 7856** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a 7857** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further 7858** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the 7859** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for 7860** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection 7861** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection 7862** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely. 7863** 7864** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock 7865** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the 7866** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no 7867** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in 7868** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify 7869** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection 7870** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection 7871** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so 7872** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has 7873** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection 7874** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any 7875** number of levels of indirection are allowed. 7876** 7877** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b> 7878** 7879** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost 7880** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however, 7881** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement, 7882** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements 7883** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is 7884** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking 7885** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being 7886** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE" 7887** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result. 7888** 7889** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned 7890** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the 7891** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in 7892** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just 7893** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^ 7894*/ 7895int sqlite3_unlock_notify( 7896 sqlite3 *pBlocked, /* Waiting connection */ 7897 void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg), /* Callback function to invoke */ 7898 void *pNotifyArg /* Argument to pass to xNotify */ 7899); 7900 7901 7902/* 7903** CAPI3REF: String Comparison 7904** 7905** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications 7906** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8 7907** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case 7908** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers. 7909*/ 7910int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *); 7911int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int); 7912 7913/* 7914** CAPI3REF: String Globbing 7915* 7916** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if 7917** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P. 7918** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in 7919** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the 7920** SQL dialect understood by SQLite. ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function 7921** is case sensitive. 7922** 7923** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings 7924** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()]. 7925** 7926** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()]. 7927*/ 7928int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr); 7929 7930/* 7931** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching 7932* 7933** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if 7934** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E. 7935** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in 7936** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E" 7937** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite. ^For "X LIKE P" without 7938** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0. 7939** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case 7940** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match 7941** one another. 7942** 7943** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though 7944** only ASCII characters are case folded. 7945** 7946** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings 7947** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()]. 7948** 7949** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()]. 7950*/ 7951int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc); 7952 7953/* 7954** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface 7955** 7956** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log] 7957** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()]. 7958** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are 7959** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string. 7960** 7961** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as 7962** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions. While there is 7963** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so 7964** is considered bad form. 7965** 7966** The zFormat string must not be NULL. 7967** 7968** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine 7969** will not use dynamically allocated memory. The log message is stored in 7970** a fixed-length buffer on the stack. If the log message is longer than 7971** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the 7972** buffer. 7973*/ 7974void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...); 7975 7976/* 7977** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook 7978** METHOD: sqlite3 7979** 7980** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that 7981** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode. 7982** 7983** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and 7984** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation 7985** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required. 7986** 7987** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked 7988** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when 7989** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle. 7990** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to - 7991** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter 7992** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file, 7993** including those that were just committed. 7994** 7995** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK]. ^If an error 7996** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the 7997** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback 7998** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the 7999** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value 8000** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results 8001** are undefined. 8002** 8003** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback 8004** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any 8005** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the 8006** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the 8007** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will 8008** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings. 8009*/ 8010void *sqlite3_wal_hook( 8011 sqlite3*, 8012 int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int), 8013 void* 8014); 8015 8016/* 8017** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint 8018** METHOD: sqlite3 8019** 8020** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around 8021** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D 8022** to automatically [checkpoint] 8023** after committing a transaction if there are N or 8024** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file. ^Passing zero or 8025** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic 8026** checkpoints entirely. 8027** 8028** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback 8029** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()]. ^Likewise, registering a callback 8030** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism 8031** configured by this function. 8032** 8033** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface 8034** from SQL. 8035** 8036** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are 8037** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE]. 8038** 8039** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint 8040** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT] 8041** pages. The use of this interface 8042** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal 8043** for a particular application. 8044*/ 8045int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N); 8046 8047/* 8048** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database 8049** METHOD: sqlite3 8050** 8051** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to 8052** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^ 8053** 8054** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the 8055** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be 8056** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to 8057** be reset. See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition 8058** information. 8059** 8060** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to 8061** occur. But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] 8062** interface was added. This interface is retained for backwards 8063** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually 8064** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding 8065** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]. 8066*/ 8067int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb); 8068 8069/* 8070** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database 8071** METHOD: sqlite3 8072** 8073** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint 8074** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M. Status 8075** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^ 8076** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^ 8077** 8078** <dl> 8079** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd> 8080** ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database 8081** readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames 8082** in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback] 8083** is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode. 8084** ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished 8085** if there are concurrent readers or writers. 8086** 8087** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd> 8088** ^This mode blocks (it invokes the 8089** [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no 8090** database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database 8091** snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the 8092** database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending, 8093** but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded. 8094** 8095** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd> 8096** ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition 8097** that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the 8098** [busy-handler callback]) 8099** until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures 8100** that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning. 8101** ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new 8102** database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers. 8103** 8104** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd> 8105** ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the 8106** addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior 8107** to a successful return. 8108** </dl> 8109** 8110** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in 8111** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because 8112** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not 8113** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the 8114** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function 8115** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or 8116** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful 8117** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been 8118** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero. 8119** 8120** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If 8121** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the 8122** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a 8123** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case. 8124** 8125** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the 8126** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be 8127** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and 8128** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock 8129** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for 8130** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before 8131** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the 8132** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as 8133** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible 8134** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case. 8135** 8136** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the 8137** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to 8138** [database connection] db. In this case the 8139** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If 8140** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the 8141** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining 8142** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other 8143** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned 8144** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error 8145** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached 8146** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned. 8147** 8148** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL 8149** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If 8150** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any 8151** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller. 8152** 8153** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, 8154** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface 8155** sets the error information that is queried by 8156** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()]. 8157** 8158** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface 8159** from SQL. 8160*/ 8161int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2( 8162 sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ 8163 const char *zDb, /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */ 8164 int eMode, /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */ 8165 int *pnLog, /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */ 8166 int *pnCkpt /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */ 8167); 8168 8169/* 8170** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values 8171** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode} 8172** 8173** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed 8174** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface. 8175** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the 8176** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes. 8177*/ 8178#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE 0 /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */ 8179#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL 1 /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */ 8180#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART 2 /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */ 8181#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3 /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */ 8182 8183/* 8184** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration 8185** 8186** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method 8187** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure 8188** various facets of the virtual table interface. 8189** 8190** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or 8191** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined. 8192** 8193** At present, there is only one option that may be configured using 8194** this function. (See [SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT].) Further options 8195** may be added in the future. 8196*/ 8197int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...); 8198 8199/* 8200** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options 8201** 8202** These macros define the various options to the 8203** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations 8204** can use to customize and optimize their behavior. 8205** 8206** <dl> 8207** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 8208** <dd>Calls of the form 8209** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported, 8210** where X is an integer. If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose 8211** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not 8212** support constraints. In this configuration (which is the default) if 8213** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire 8214** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been 8215** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual 8216** ON CONFLICT mode specified. 8217** 8218** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees 8219** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before 8220** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made. 8221** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite 8222** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon 8223** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate. 8224** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns 8225** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode 8226** had been ABORT. 8227** 8228** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE 8229** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the 8230** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON 8231** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should 8232** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and 8233** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return 8234** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT 8235** constraint handling. 8236** </dl> 8237*/ 8238#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1 8239 8240/* 8241** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy 8242** 8243** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method 8244** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The 8245** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL], 8246** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode 8247** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the 8248** [virtual table]. 8249*/ 8250int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *); 8251 8252/* 8253** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE 8254** 8255** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn] 8256** method of a [virtual table], then it returns true if and only if the 8257** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the 8258** column value will not change. Applications might use this to substitute 8259** a lighter-weight value to return that the corresponding [xUpdate] method 8260** understands as a "no-change" value. 8261** 8262** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that 8263** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, they the xColumn 8264** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling 8265** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces]. 8266** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the 8267** same column in the [xUpdate] method. 8268*/ 8269int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*); 8270 8271/* 8272** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint 8273** 8274** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex] 8275** method of a [virtual table]. 8276** 8277** The first argument must be the sqlite3_index_info object that is the 8278** first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument must be 8279** an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the sqlite3_index_info 8280** structure passed to xBestIndex. This function returns a pointer to a buffer 8281** containing the name of the collation sequence for the corresponding 8282** constraint. 8283*/ 8284SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int); 8285 8286/* 8287** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes 8288** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode} 8289** 8290** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to 8291** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode 8292** is for the SQL statement being evaluated. 8293** 8294** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential 8295** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that 8296** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code]. 8297*/ 8298#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1 8299/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */ 8300#define SQLITE_FAIL 3 8301/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4 // Also an error code */ 8302#define SQLITE_REPLACE 5 8303 8304/* 8305** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes 8306** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options} 8307** 8308** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the 8309** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface. Each constant designates a 8310** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return. 8311** 8312** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is 8313** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when 8314** S is finalized. 8315** 8316** <dl> 8317** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt> 8318** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be 8319** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd> 8320** 8321** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt> 8322** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set 8323** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd> 8324** 8325** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt> 8326** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the 8327** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each 8328** iteration of the X-th loop. If the query planner's estimates was accurate, 8329** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the 8330** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will 8331** be the NLOOP value for the current loop. 8332** 8333** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt> 8334** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set 8335** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table 8336** used for the X-th loop. 8337** 8338** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt> 8339** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set 8340** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] 8341** description for the X-th loop. 8342** 8343** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt> 8344** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the 8345** "select-id" for the X-th loop. The select-id identifies which query or 8346** subquery the loop is part of. The main query has a select-id of zero. 8347** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column 8348** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query. 8349** </dl> 8350*/ 8351#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP 0 8352#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT 1 8353#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST 2 8354#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME 3 8355#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN 4 8356#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5 8357 8358/* 8359** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status 8360** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 8361** 8362** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured 8363** performance for pStmt. Advanced applications can use this 8364** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and 8365** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found. 8366** 8367** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only 8368** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] 8369** compile-time option. 8370** 8371** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return. 8372** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior 8373** of this interface is undefined. 8374** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by 8375** the "pOut" parameter. 8376** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for. 8377** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than 8378** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement 8379** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut 8380** points to is unchanged. 8381** 8382** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases 8383** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves 8384** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable 8385** that pOut points to unchanged. 8386** 8387** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()] 8388*/ 8389int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus( 8390 sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, /* Prepared statement for which info desired */ 8391 int idx, /* Index of loop to report on */ 8392 int iScanStatusOp, /* Information desired. SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */ 8393 void *pOut /* Result written here */ 8394); 8395 8396/* 8397** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters 8398** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt 8399** 8400** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters. 8401** 8402** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor 8403** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined. 8404*/ 8405void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*); 8406 8407/* 8408** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction 8409** 8410** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the 8411** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty 8412** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out 8413** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an 8414** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database 8415** file (page 1 is always "in use"). ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] 8416** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and 8417** any [attached] databases. 8418** 8419** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages 8420** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained 8421** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked 8422** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then 8423** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages 8424** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped 8425** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this 8426** function returns SQLITE_BUSY. 8427** 8428** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for 8429** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is 8430** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately. 8431** 8432** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK. 8433** 8434** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message 8435** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions. 8436*/ 8437int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*); 8438 8439/* 8440** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook. 8441** 8442** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the 8443** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option. 8444** 8445** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function 8446** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation 8447** on a database table. 8448** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single 8449** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides 8450** the previous setting. 8451** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] 8452** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter. 8453** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as 8454** the first parameter to callbacks. 8455** 8456** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the 8457** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to 8458** system tables like sqlite_master or sqlite_stat1. 8459** 8460** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to 8461** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook. 8462** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants 8463** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the 8464** kind of update operation that is about to occur. 8465** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the 8466** database within the database connection that is being modified. This 8467** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or 8468** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached 8469** databases.)^ 8470** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the 8471** table that is being modified. 8472** 8473** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth 8474** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the 8475** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table, 8476** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth 8477** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the 8478** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted 8479** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback 8480** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for 8481** INSERT operations on rowid tables. 8482** 8483** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()], 8484** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces 8485** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines 8486** may only be called from within a preupdate callback. Invoking any of 8487** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a 8488** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied 8489** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable 8490** behavior. 8491** 8492** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns 8493** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted. 8494** 8495** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to 8496** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of 8497** the table row before it is updated. The N parameter must be between 0 8498** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be 8499** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE 8500** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the 8501** behavior is undefined. The [sqlite3_value] that P points to 8502** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns. 8503** 8504** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to 8505** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of 8506** the table row after it is updated. The N parameter must be between 0 8507** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be 8508** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE 8509** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the 8510** behavior is undefined. The [sqlite3_value] that P points to 8511** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns. 8512** 8513** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate 8514** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete 8515** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level 8516** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level 8517** triggers; and so forth. 8518** 8519** See also: [sqlite3_update_hook()] 8520*/ 8521#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK) 8522void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook( 8523 sqlite3 *db, 8524 void(*xPreUpdate)( 8525 void *pCtx, /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */ 8526 sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ 8527 int op, /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */ 8528 char const *zDb, /* Database name */ 8529 char const *zName, /* Table name */ 8530 sqlite3_int64 iKey1, /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */ 8531 sqlite3_int64 iKey2 /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */ 8532 ), 8533 void* 8534); 8535int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **); 8536int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *); 8537int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *); 8538int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **); 8539#endif 8540 8541/* 8542** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code 8543** 8544** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error 8545** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file. 8546** The return value is OS-dependent. For example, on unix systems, after 8547** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be 8548** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such 8549** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth. 8550*/ 8551int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*); 8552 8553/* 8554** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot 8555** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot} 8556** EXPERIMENTAL 8557** 8558** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode] 8559** database for some specific point in history. 8560** 8561** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the 8562** same database file can each be reading a different historical version 8563** of the database file. When a [database connection] begins a read 8564** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database 8565** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started. 8566** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen 8567** by the reader until a new read transaction is started. 8568** 8569** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical 8570** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read 8571** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than 8572** the most recent version. 8573** 8574** The constructor for this object is [sqlite3_snapshot_get()]. The 8575** [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] method causes a fresh read transaction to refer 8576** to an historical snapshot (if possible). The destructor for 8577** sqlite3_snapshot objects is [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]. 8578*/ 8579typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot { 8580 unsigned char hidden[48]; 8581} sqlite3_snapshot; 8582 8583/* 8584** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot 8585** EXPERIMENTAL 8586** 8587** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a 8588** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of 8589** schema S in database connection D. ^On success, the 8590** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly 8591** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK. 8592** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when 8593** this function is called, one is opened automatically. 8594** 8595** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of 8596** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is 8597** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined 8598** in this case. 8599** 8600** <ul> 8601** <li> The database handle must be in [autocommit mode]. 8602** 8603** <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database. 8604** 8605** <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database 8606** connection D. 8607** 8608** <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal 8609** file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means 8610** that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal 8611** file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction 8612** must be written to it first. 8613** </ul> 8614** 8615** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM. If it is called with the 8616** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason, 8617** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined. 8618** 8619** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to 8620** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] 8621** to avoid a memory leak. 8622** 8623** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the 8624** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used. 8625*/ 8626SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get( 8627 sqlite3 *db, 8628 const char *zSchema, 8629 sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot 8630); 8631 8632/* 8633** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot 8634** EXPERIMENTAL 8635** 8636** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface starts a 8637** read transaction for schema S of 8638** [database connection] D such that the read transaction 8639** refers to historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most 8640** recent change to the database. 8641** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK on success 8642** or an appropriate [error code] if it fails. 8643** 8644** ^In order to succeed, a call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] must be 8645** the first operation following the [BEGIN] that takes the schema S 8646** out of [autocommit mode]. 8647** ^In other words, schema S must not currently be in 8648** a transaction for [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] to work, but the 8649** database connection D must be out of [autocommit mode]. 8650** ^A [snapshot] will fail to open if it has been overwritten by a 8651** [checkpoint]. 8652** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the 8653** database connection D does not know that the database file for 8654** schema S is in [WAL mode]. A database connection might not know 8655** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior 8656** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode] 8657** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^ 8658** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened 8659** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.) 8660** 8661** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the 8662** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used. 8663*/ 8664SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open( 8665 sqlite3 *db, 8666 const char *zSchema, 8667 sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot 8668); 8669 8670/* 8671** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot 8672** EXPERIMENTAL 8673** 8674** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P. 8675** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object 8676** using this routine to avoid a memory leak. 8677** 8678** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the 8679** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used. 8680*/ 8681SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*); 8682 8683/* 8684** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles. 8685** EXPERIMENTAL 8686** 8687** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages 8688** of two valid snapshot handles. 8689** 8690** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database 8691** file, the result of the comparison is undefined. 8692** 8693** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the 8694** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the 8695** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the 8696** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database 8697** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the 8698** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function 8699** is undefined. 8700** 8701** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older 8702** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database 8703** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2. 8704*/ 8705SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp( 8706 sqlite3_snapshot *p1, 8707 sqlite3_snapshot *p2 8708); 8709 8710/* 8711** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file 8712** EXPERIMENTAL 8713** 8714** If all connections disconnect from a database file but do not perform 8715** a checkpoint, the existing wal file is opened along with the database 8716** file the next time the database is opened. At this point it is only 8717** possible to successfully call sqlite3_snapshot_open() to open the most 8718** recent snapshot of the database (the one at the head of the wal file), 8719** even though the wal file may contain other valid snapshots for which 8720** clients have sqlite3_snapshot handles. 8721** 8722** This function attempts to scan the wal file associated with database zDb 8723** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to 8724** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read 8725** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a wal mode 8726** database. 8727** 8728** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise. 8729*/ 8730SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb); 8731 8732/* 8733** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for 8734** builds on processors without floating point support. 8735*/ 8736#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT 8737# undef double 8738#endif 8739 8740#ifdef __cplusplus 8741} /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */ 8742#endif 8743#endif /* SQLITE3_H */ 8744