xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqlite.h.in (revision 52b1dbb5)
1/*
2** 2001 September 15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32*/
33#ifndef SQLITE3_H
34#define SQLITE3_H
35#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36
37/*
38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39*/
40#ifdef __cplusplus
41extern "C" {
42#endif
43
44
45/*
46** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47*/
48#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50#endif
51#ifndef SQLITE_API
52# define SQLITE_API
53#endif
54#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55# define SQLITE_CDECL
56#endif
57#ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58# define SQLITE_APICALL
59#endif
60#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61# define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62#endif
63#ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64# define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65#endif
66#ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67# define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68#endif
69
70
71/*
72** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
73** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
74** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
75** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
76** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
77**
78** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
79** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
80** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
81** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
82** noop macros.
83*/
84#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
85#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
86
87/*
88** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
89*/
90#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
91# undef SQLITE_VERSION
92#endif
93#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
95#endif
96
97/*
98** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
99**
100** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
101** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
102** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
103** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
104** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
105** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
106** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
107** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
108** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
109** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
110** and Z will be reset to zero.
111**
112** Since version 3.6.18, SQLite source code has been stored in the
113** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and an SHA1
118** hash of the entire source tree.
119**
120** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
121** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
122** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
123*/
124#define SQLITE_VERSION        "--VERS--"
125#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER--
126#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "--SOURCE-ID--"
127
128/*
129** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
130** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version, sqlite3_sourceid
131**
132** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
133** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
134** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
135** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
136** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
137** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
138** compiled with matching library and header files.
139**
140** <blockquote><pre>
141** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
142** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID)==0 );
143** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
144** </pre></blockquote>)^
145**
146** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
147** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
148** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
149** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
150** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
151** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
152** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
153** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
154** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.
155**
156** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
157*/
158SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
159const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
160const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
161int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
162
163/*
164** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
165**
166** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
167** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
168** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
169** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
170**
171** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
172** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
173** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
174** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
175** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
176** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
177**
178** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
179** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
180** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
181**
182** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
183** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
184*/
185#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
186int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
187const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
188#endif
189
190/*
191** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
192**
193** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
194** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
195** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
196**
197** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
198** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
199** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
200** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
201** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
202** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
203**
204** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
205** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
206** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
207** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
208**
209** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
210** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
211** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
212**
213** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
214** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
215** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
216** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
217** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
218** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
219** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
220** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
221** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
222** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
223**
224** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
225*/
226int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
227
228/*
229** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
230** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
231**
232** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
233** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
234** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
235** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
236** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
237** interfaces (such as
238** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
239** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
240** sqlite3 object.
241*/
242typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
243
244/*
245** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
246** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
247**
248** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
249** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
250**
251** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
252** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
253** compatibility only.
254**
255** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
256** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
257** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
258** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
259*/
260#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
261  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
262  typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
263#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
264  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
265  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
266#else
267  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
268  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
269#endif
270typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
271typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
272
273/*
274** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
275** substitute integer for floating-point.
276*/
277#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
278# define double sqlite3_int64
279#endif
280
281/*
282** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
283** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
284**
285** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
286** for the [sqlite3] object.
287** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
288** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
289** resources are deallocated.
290**
291** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
292** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then sqlite3_close()
293** will leave the database connection open and return [SQLITE_BUSY].
294** ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared statements
295** and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups, then the database connection becomes
296** an unusable "zombie" which will automatically be deallocated when the
297** last prepared statement is finalized or the last sqlite3_backup is
298** finished.  The sqlite3_close_v2() interface is intended for use with
299** host languages that are garbage collected, and where the order in which
300** destructors are called is arbitrary.
301**
302** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements],
303** [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
304** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
305** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.  ^If
306** sqlite3_close_v2() is called on a [database connection] that still has
307** outstanding [prepared statements], [BLOB handles], and/or
308** [sqlite3_backup] objects then it returns [SQLITE_OK] and the deallocation
309** of resources is deferred until all [prepared statements], [BLOB handles],
310** and [sqlite3_backup] objects are also destroyed.
311**
312** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
313** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
314**
315** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
316** must be either a NULL
317** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
318** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
319** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
320** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
321** argument is a harmless no-op.
322*/
323int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
324int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
325
326/*
327** The type for a callback function.
328** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
329** compatibility and is not documented.
330*/
331typedef int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
332
333/*
334** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
335** METHOD: sqlite3
336**
337** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
338** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
339** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
340** without having to use a lot of C code.
341**
342** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
343** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
344** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
345** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
346** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
347** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
348** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
349** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
350** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
351** ignored.
352**
353** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
354** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
355** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
356** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
357** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
358** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
359** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
360** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
361** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
362** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
363** NULL before returning.
364**
365** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
366** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
367** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
368**
369** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
370** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
371** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
372** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
373** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
374** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
375** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
376** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
377** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
378**
379** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
380** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
381** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
382** is not changed.
383**
384** Restrictions:
385**
386** <ul>
387** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
388**      is a valid and open [database connection].
389** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
390**      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
391** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
392**      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
393** </ul>
394*/
395int sqlite3_exec(
396  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
397  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
398  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *callback)(void*,int,char**,char**), /* Callback func */
399  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
400  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
401);
402
403/*
404** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
405** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
406**
407** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
408** here in order to indicate success or failure.
409**
410** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
411**
412** See also: [extended result code definitions]
413*/
414#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
415/* beginning-of-error-codes */
416#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* SQL error or missing database */
417#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
418#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
419#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
420#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
421#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
422#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
423#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
424#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
425#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
426#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
427#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
428#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
429#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
430#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
431#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Database is empty */
432#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
433#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
434#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
435#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
436#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
437#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
438#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
439#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Auxiliary database format error */
440#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
441#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
442#define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
443#define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
444#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
445#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
446/* end-of-error-codes */
447
448/*
449** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
450** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
451**
452** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
453** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
454** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
455** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
456** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 and later) include
457** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
458** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
459** on a per database connection basis using the
460** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
461** the most recent error can be obtained using
462** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
463*/
464#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
465#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
466#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
467#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
468#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
469#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
470#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
471#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
472#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
473#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
474#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
475#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
476#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
477#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
478#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
479#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
480#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
481#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
482#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
483#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
484#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
485#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
486#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
487#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
488#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
489#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
490#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
491#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
492#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
493#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
494#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
495#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
496#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
497#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
498#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
499#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
500#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
501#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
502#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
503#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
504#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
505#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
506#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
507#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
508#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
509#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
510#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
511#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
512#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
513#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
514#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
515#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
516#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
517#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
518#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
519#define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
520
521/*
522** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
523**
524** These bit values are intended for use in the
525** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
526** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
527*/
528#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
529#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
530#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
531#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
532#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
533#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
534#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
535#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
536#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
537#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
538#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
539#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
540#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
541#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
542#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
543#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
544#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
545#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
546#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
547#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
548
549/* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
550
551/*
552** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
553**
554** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
555** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
556** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
557** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
558** refers to.
559**
560** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
561** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
562** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
563** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
564** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
565** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
566** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
567** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
568** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
569** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
570** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
571** file that were written at the application level might have changed
572** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
573** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
574** flag indicate that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
575** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
576** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
577** elevated privileges.
578*/
579#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
580#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
581#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
582#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
583#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
584#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
585#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
586#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
587#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
588#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
589#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
590#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
591#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
592#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
593
594/*
595** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
596**
597** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
598** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
599** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
600*/
601#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
602#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
603#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
604#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
605#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
606
607/*
608** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
609**
610** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
611** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
612** these integer values as the second argument.
613**
614** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
615** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
616** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
617** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
618** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
619** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
620**
621** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
622** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
623** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
624** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
625** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
626** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
627** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
628** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
629** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
630** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
631** cares about the difference.)
632*/
633#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
634#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
635#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
636
637/*
638** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
639**
640** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
641** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
642** implementations will
643** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
644** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
645** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
646** I/O operations on the open file.
647*/
648typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
649struct sqlite3_file {
650  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
651};
652
653/*
654** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
655**
656** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
657** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
658** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
659** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
660** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
661**
662** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
663** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
664** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
665** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
666** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
667** to NULL.
668**
669** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
670** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
671** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
672** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
673** and not its inode needs to be synced.
674**
675** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
676** <ul>
677** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
678** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
679** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
680** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
681** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
682** </ul>
683** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
684** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
685** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
686** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
687** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
688**
689** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
690** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
691** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
692** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
693** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
694** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
695** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
696** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
697** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
698** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
699** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
700** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
701** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
702** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
703** recognize.
704**
705** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
706** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
707** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
708** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
709** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
710** underlying device:
711**
712** <ul>
713** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
714** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
715** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
716** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
717** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
718** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
719** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
720** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
721** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
722** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
723** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
724** </ul>
725**
726** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
727** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
728** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
729** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
730** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
731** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
732** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
733** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
734** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
735** to xWrite().
736**
737** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
738** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
739** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
740** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
741** database corruption.
742*/
743typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
744struct sqlite3_io_methods {
745  int iVersion;
746  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
747  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt,
748                               sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
749  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt,
750                                sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
751  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
752  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
753  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
754  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
755  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
756  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
757  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
758  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
759  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
760  /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
761  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int,
762                                 void volatile**);
763  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
764  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
765  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
766  /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
767  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt,
768                                void **pp);
769  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
770  /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
771  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
772};
773
774/*
775** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
776** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
777**
778** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
779** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
780** interface.
781**
782** <ul>
783** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
784** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
785** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
786** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
787** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
788** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
789** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
790** compile-time option is used.
791**
792** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
793** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
794** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
795** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
796** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
797** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
798** file run faster.
799**
800** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
801** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
802** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
803** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
804** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
805** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
806** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
807** improve performance on some systems.
808**
809** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
810** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
811** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
812** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
813**
814** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
815** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
816** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
817** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
818** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
819**
820** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
821** No longer in use.
822**
823** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
824** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
825** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
826** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
827** because the user has configured SQLite with
828** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
829** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
830** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
831** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
832** string containing the transactions master-journal file name. VFSes that
833** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
834** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
835** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
836**
837** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
838** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
839** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
840** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
841** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
842** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
843** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
844**
845** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
846** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
847** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
848** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
849** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
850** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
851** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
852** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
853** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
854** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
855** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
856** integers where the first integer i the new retry count and the second
857** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
858** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
859** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
860** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
861**
862** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
863** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
864** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
865** write ahead log and shared memory files used for transaction control
866** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
867** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
868** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
869** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
870** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
871** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
872** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
873** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
874** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
875** WAL persistence setting.
876**
877** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
878** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
879** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
880** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
881** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
882** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
883** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
884** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
885** zero-damage mode setting.
886**
887** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
888** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
889** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
890** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
891** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
892**
893** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
894** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
895** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
896** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
897** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
898** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
899** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
900** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
901** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
902** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
903** is intended for diagnostic use only.
904**
905** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
906** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
907** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
908** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
909** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
910** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
911** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
912** upper-most shim only.
913**
914** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
915** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
916** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
917** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
918** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
919** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
920** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
921** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
922** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
923** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
924** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
925** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
926** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
927** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
928** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
929** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
930** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
931** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
932** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
933** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
934** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
935** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
936** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
937** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
938**
939** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
940** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
941** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
942** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
943** to the connections busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void **)
944** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
945** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connections
946** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
947** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
948** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
949** current operation.
950**
951** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
952** ^Application can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
953** to have SQLite generate a
954** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
955** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
956** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
957** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
958** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
959**
960** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
961** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
962** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
963** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
964** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
965** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
966** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
967** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
968** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
969**
970** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
971** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
972** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
973** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
974** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
975** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
976** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
977**
978** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
979** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
980** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
981** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
982** was first opened.
983**
984** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
985** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
986** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
987** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
988** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
989**
990** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
991** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
992** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
993** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
994** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
995** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
996**
997** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
998** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
999** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1000**
1001** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1002** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1003** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1004** this opcode.
1005** </ul>
1006*/
1007#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1008#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1009#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1010#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1011#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1012#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1013#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1014#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1015#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1016#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1017#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1018#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1019#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1020#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1021#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1022#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1023#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1024#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1025#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1026#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1027#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1028#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1029#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1030#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1031#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1032#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1033#define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1034
1035/* deprecated names */
1036#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1037#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1038#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1039
1040
1041/*
1042** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1043**
1044** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1045** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1046** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1047** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1048**
1049** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1050*/
1051typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1052
1053/*
1054** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1055**
1056** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1057** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1058** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1059** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1060**
1061** The value of the iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger in
1062** future versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
1063** object when the iVersion value is increased.  Note that the structure
1064** of the sqlite3_vfs object changes in the transaction between
1065** SQLite version 3.5.9 and 3.6.0 and yet the iVersion field was not
1066** modified.
1067**
1068** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1069** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1070** a pathname in this VFS.
1071**
1072** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1073** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1074** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1075** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1076** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1077** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1078**
1079** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1080** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1081** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1082** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1083** object once the object has been registered.
1084**
1085** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1086** be unique across all VFS modules.
1087**
1088** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1089** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1090** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1091** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1092** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1093** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1094** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1095** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1096** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1097** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1098** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1099** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1100** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1101** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1102** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1103** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1104**
1105** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1106** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1107** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1108** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1109** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1110** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1111**
1112** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1113** call, depending on the object being opened:
1114**
1115** <ul>
1116** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1117** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1118** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1119** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1120** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1121** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1122** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
1123** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1124** </ul>)^
1125**
1126** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1127** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1128** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1129** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1130** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1131** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1132** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1133** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1134**
1135** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1136**
1137** <ul>
1138** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1139** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1140** </ul>
1141**
1142** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1143** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1144** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1145** databases, and subjournals.
1146**
1147** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1148** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1149** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1150** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1151** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1152** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1153** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1154** for exclusive access.
1155**
1156** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1157** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1158** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1159** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1160** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1161** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1162** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1163** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1164** or failure of the xOpen call.
1165**
1166** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1167** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1168** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1169** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1170** to test whether a file is at least readable.   The file can be a
1171** directory.
1172**
1173** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1174** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1175** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1176** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1177** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1178** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1179**
1180** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1181** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1182** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1183** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1184** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1185** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1186** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1187** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1188** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1189** a floating point value.
1190** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1191** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1192** a 24-hour day).
1193** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1194** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1195** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1196** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1197**
1198** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1199** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1200** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1201** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1202** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1203** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1204** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1205** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1206** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1207** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1208** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1209*/
1210typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1211typedef void (SQLITE_SYSAPI *sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1212struct sqlite3_vfs {
1213  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1214  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1215  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1216  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1217  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1218  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1219  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1220               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1221  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1222  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags,
1223                                 int *pResOut);
1224  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName,
1225                                       int nOut, char *zOut);
1226  void *(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1227  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1228  void (*(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*,
1229                                   const char *zSymbol))(void);
1230  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1231  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1232  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1233  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1234  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1235  /*
1236  ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1237  ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1238  */
1239  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1240  /*
1241  ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1242  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1243  */
1244  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName,
1245                                        sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1246  sqlite3_syscall_ptr (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*,
1247                                                        const char *zName);
1248  const char *(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*,
1249                                                 const char *zName);
1250  /*
1251  ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1252  ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1253  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1254  */
1255};
1256
1257/*
1258** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1259**
1260** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1261** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1262** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1263** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1264** simply checks whether the file exists.
1265** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1266** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1267** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1268** the directory).
1269** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1270** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1271** release of SQLite.
1272** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1273** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1274** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1275** SQLite.
1276*/
1277#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1278#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1279#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1280
1281/*
1282** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1283**
1284** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1285** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1286** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1287** xShmLock method:
1288**
1289** <ul>
1290** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1291** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1292** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1293** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1294** </ul>
1295**
1296** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1297** was given on the corresponding lock.
1298**
1299** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1300** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1301** and EXCLUSIVE.
1302*/
1303#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1304#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1305#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1306#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1307
1308/*
1309** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1310**
1311** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1312** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1313** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1314** lock outside of this range
1315*/
1316#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1317
1318
1319/*
1320** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1321**
1322** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1323** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1324** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1325** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1326** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1327** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1328**
1329** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1330** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1331** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1332** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1333** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1334** are harmless no-ops.)^
1335**
1336** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1337** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1338** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1339** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1340**
1341** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1342** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1343** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1344** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1345** sqlite3_shutdown().
1346**
1347** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1348** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1349** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1350**
1351** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1352** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1353** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1354** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1355**
1356** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1357** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1358** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1359** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1360** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1361** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1362** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1363** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1364** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1365** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1366** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1367** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1368** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1369** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1370**
1371** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1372** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1373** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1374** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1375** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1376** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1377** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1378**
1379** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1380** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1381** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1382** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1383** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1384** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1385** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1386** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1387** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1388** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1389** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1390** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1391** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1392** failure.
1393*/
1394int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1395int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1396int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1397int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1398
1399/*
1400** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1401**
1402** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1403** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1404** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1405** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1406** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1407**
1408** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1409** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1410** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1411**
1412** The sqlite3_config() interface
1413** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1414** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1415** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1416** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1417** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1418** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1419**
1420** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1421** [configuration option] that determines
1422** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1423** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1424** in the first argument.
1425**
1426** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1427** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1428** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1429*/
1430int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1431
1432/*
1433** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1434** METHOD: sqlite3
1435**
1436** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1437** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1438** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1439** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1440**
1441** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1442** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1443** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1444** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1445**
1446** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1447** the call is considered successful.
1448*/
1449int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1450
1451/*
1452** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1453**
1454** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1455** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1456**
1457** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1458** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1459** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1460** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1461** By creating an instance of this object
1462** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1463** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1464** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1465** dynamic memory needs.
1466**
1467** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1468** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1469** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1470** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1471** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1472** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1473** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1474** conditions.
1475**
1476** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1477** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1478** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1479** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1480**
1481** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1482** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1483** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1484**
1485** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1486** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1487** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1488** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1489** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1490** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1491** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1492**
1493** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1494** it might allocate any require mutexes or initialize internal data
1495** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1496** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1497** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1498** xInit and xShutdown.
1499**
1500** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER] mutex when it invokes
1501** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1502** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1503** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1504** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1505** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1506** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1507** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1508** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1509** serialization.
1510**
1511** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1512** call to xShutdown().
1513*/
1514typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1515struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1516  void *(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xMalloc)(int); /* Memory allocation function */
1517  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFree)(void*);  /* Free a prior allocation */
1518  void *(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRealloc)(void*,int); /* Resize an allocation */
1519  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xSize)(void*);   /* Return the size of an allocation */
1520  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRoundup)(int);  /* Round up size to allocation size */
1521  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xInit)(void*);   /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1522  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xShutdown)(void*); /* Deinitialize memory allocator */
1523  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1524};
1525
1526/*
1527** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1528** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1529**
1530** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1531** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1532**
1533** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1534** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1535** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1536** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1537** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1538** is invoked.
1539**
1540** <dl>
1541** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1542** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1543** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1544** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1545** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1546** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1547** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1548** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1549** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1550** configuration option.</dd>
1551**
1552** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1553** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1554** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1555** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1556** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1557** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1558** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1559** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1560** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1561** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1562** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1563** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1564** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1565**
1566** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1567** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1568** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1569** all mutexes including the recursive
1570** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1571** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1572** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1573** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1574** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1575** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1576** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1577** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1578** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1579** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1580** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1581**
1582** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1583** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1584** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1585** The argument specifies
1586** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1587** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1588** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1589** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1590**
1591** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1592** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1593** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1594** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1595** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1596** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1597** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1598** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1599**
1600** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1601** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1602** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1603** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1604** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1605**   <ul>
1606**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1607**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1608**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1609**   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1610**   </ul>)^
1611** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1612** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1613** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1614** </dd>
1615**
1616** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1617** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option specifies a static memory buffer
1618** that SQLite can use for scratch memory.  ^(There are three arguments
1619** to SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH:  A pointer an 8-byte
1620** aligned memory buffer from which the scratch allocations will be
1621** drawn, the size of each scratch allocation (sz),
1622** and the maximum number of scratch allocations (N).)^
1623** The first argument must be a pointer to an 8-byte aligned buffer
1624** of at least sz*N bytes of memory.
1625** ^SQLite will not use more than one scratch buffers per thread.
1626** ^SQLite will never request a scratch buffer that is more than 6
1627** times the database page size.
1628** ^If SQLite needs needs additional
1629** scratch memory beyond what is provided by this configuration option, then
1630** [sqlite3_malloc()] will be used to obtain the memory needed.<p>
1631** ^When the application provides any amount of scratch memory using
1632** SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH, SQLite avoids unnecessary large
1633** [sqlite3_malloc|heap allocations].
1634** This can help [Robson proof|prevent memory allocation failures] due to heap
1635** fragmentation in low-memory embedded systems.
1636** </dd>
1637**
1638** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1639** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1640** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1641** cache implementation.
1642** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-define page
1643** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1644** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1645** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1646** and the number of cache lines (N).
1647** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1648** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1649** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1650** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1651** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1652** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1653** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1654** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1655** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1656** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1657** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1658** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1659** is exhausted.
1660** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1661** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1662** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1663** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1664** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1665** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1666** additional cache line. </dd>
1667**
1668** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1669** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1670** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1671** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and
1672** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1673** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1674** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1675** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1676** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1677** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1678** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1679** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1680** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1681** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1682** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1683** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1684** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1685** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1686** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1687** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1688**
1689** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1690** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1691** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1692** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1693** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1694** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1695** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1696** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1697** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1698** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1699** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1700**
1701** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1702** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1703** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1704** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1705** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1706** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1707** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1708** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1709** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1710** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1711** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1712** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1713**
1714** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1715** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1716** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1717** The first argument is the
1718** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1719** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1720** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1721** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1722** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1723**
1724** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1725** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1726** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1727** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1728** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1729**
1730** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1731** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1732** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1733** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1734**
1735** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1736** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1737** global [error log].
1738** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1739** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1740** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1741** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1742** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1743** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1744** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1745** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1746** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1747** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1748** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1749** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1750** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1751** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1752** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1753** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1754**
1755** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1756** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1757** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1758** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1759** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1760** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1761** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1762** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1763** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1764** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1765** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1766** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1767** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1768**
1769** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1770** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1771** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1772** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1773** ^The default setting is determined
1774** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1775** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1776** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1777** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1778** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1779** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1780** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1781**
1782** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1783** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1784** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1785** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1786** </dd>
1787**
1788** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1789** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1790** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1791** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1792** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1793** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1794** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1795** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1796** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1797** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1798** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1799** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1800** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1801** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1802** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1803** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1804**
1805** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1806** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1807** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1808** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1809** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1810** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1811** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1812** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1813** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1814** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1815** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1816** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1817** changed to its compile-time default.
1818**
1819** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1820** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1821** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1822** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1823** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1824** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1825**
1826** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1827** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1828** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1829** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1830** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1831** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1832** target platform, and SQLite version.
1833**
1834** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1835** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1836** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1837** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1838** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1839** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1840** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1841** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1842** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1843** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1844**
1845** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
1846** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
1847** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
1848** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
1849** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
1850** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
1851** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
1852** exclusively in memory.
1853** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
1854** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
1855** I/O required to support statement rollback.
1856** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
1857** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
1858** </dl>
1859*/
1860#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
1861#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
1862#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
1863#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1864#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1865#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1866#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1867#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
1868#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
1869#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1870#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1871/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
1872#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
1873#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
1874#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
1875#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
1876#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
1877#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1878#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1879#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
1880#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
1881#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
1882#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
1883#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
1884#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
1885#define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
1886
1887/*
1888** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
1889**
1890** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1891** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
1892**
1893** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1894** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1895** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
1896** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
1897** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1898** is invoked.
1899**
1900** <dl>
1901** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1902** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
1903** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
1904** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
1905** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
1906** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
1907** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
1908** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
1909** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
1910** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
1911** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
1912** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
1913** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
1914** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
1915** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
1916** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
1917** when the "current value" returned by
1918** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
1919** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
1920** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
1921** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
1922**
1923** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
1924** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
1925** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
1926** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
1927** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
1928** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1929** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
1930** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1931** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
1932**
1933** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
1934** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
1935** There should be two additional arguments.
1936** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
1937** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
1938** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1939** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
1940** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1941** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
1942**
1943** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
1944** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the two-argument
1945** version of the [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
1946** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
1947** There should be two additional arguments.
1948** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
1949** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
1950** unchanged.
1951** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1952** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
1953** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1954** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
1955**
1956** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
1957** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
1958** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
1959** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
1960** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
1961** There should be two additional arguments.
1962** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
1963** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argment to
1964** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
1965** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
1966** C-API or the SQL function.
1967** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1968** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
1969** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
1970** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
1971** </dd>
1972**
1973** </dl>
1974*/
1975#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
1976#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
1977#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
1978#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
1979#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
1980
1981
1982/*
1983** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
1984** METHOD: sqlite3
1985**
1986** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
1987** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
1988** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
1989*/
1990int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
1991
1992/*
1993** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
1994** METHOD: sqlite3
1995**
1996** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
1997** has a unique 64-bit signed
1998** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
1999** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2000** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2001** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2002** is another alias for the rowid.
2003**
2004** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface returns the [rowid] of the
2005** most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2006** on database connection D.
2007** ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not recorded.
2008** ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables
2009** have ever occurred on the database connection D,
2010** then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns zero.
2011**
2012** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger or within a [virtual table]
2013** method, then this routine will return the [rowid] of the inserted
2014** row as long as the trigger or virtual table method is running.
2015** But once the trigger or virtual table method ends, the value returned
2016** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger or virtual
2017** table method began.)^
2018**
2019** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2020** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2021** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2022** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2023** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2024** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2025** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2026** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2027** the return value of this interface.)^
2028**
2029** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2030** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2031**
2032** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2033** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2034**
2035** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2036** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2037** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2038** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2039** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2040** last insert [rowid].
2041*/
2042sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2043
2044/*
2045** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2046** METHOD: sqlite3
2047**
2048** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
2049** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2050** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2051** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
2052** returned by this function.
2053**
2054** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2055** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2056** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2057**
2058** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2059** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2060** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2061** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2062** tables are counted.
2063**
2064** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2065** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2066** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2067** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2068**
2069** <ul>
2070**   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2071**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2072**        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2073**
2074**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2075**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2076**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2077**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2078**        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2079** </ul>
2080**
2081** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2082** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2083** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2084** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2085** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2086** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2087**
2088** See also the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface, the
2089** [count_changes pragma], and the [changes() SQL function].
2090**
2091** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2092** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2093** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2094*/
2095int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2096
2097/*
2098** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2099** METHOD: sqlite3
2100**
2101** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2102** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2103** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2104** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2105** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2106**
2107** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2108** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2109** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2110** are not counted.
2111**
2112** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface, the
2113** [count_changes pragma], and the [total_changes() SQL function].
2114**
2115** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2116** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2117** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2118*/
2119int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2120
2121/*
2122** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2123** METHOD: sqlite3
2124**
2125** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2126** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2127** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2128** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2129** immediately.
2130**
2131** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2132** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2133** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2134** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2135**
2136** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2137** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2138** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2139**
2140** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2141** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2142** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2143** will be rolled back automatically.
2144**
2145** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2146** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2147** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2148** running statements reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2149** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2150** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2151** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2152** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2153** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2154** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2155**
2156** If the database connection closes while [sqlite3_interrupt()]
2157** is running then bad things will likely happen.
2158*/
2159void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2160
2161/*
2162** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2163**
2164** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2165** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2166** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2167** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2168** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2169** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2170** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2171** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2172** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2173** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2174** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2175**
2176** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2177** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2178**
2179** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2180** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2181**
2182** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2183** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2184** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2185** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2186** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2187**
2188** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2189** UTF-8 string.
2190**
2191** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2192** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2193*/
2194int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2195int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2196
2197/*
2198** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2199** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2200** METHOD: sqlite3
2201**
2202** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2203** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2204** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2205** [database connection] D when another thread
2206** or process has the table locked.
2207** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2208** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2209**
2210** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2211** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2212** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2213**
2214** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2215** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2216** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2217** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2218** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2219** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2220** to the application.
2221** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2222** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2223**
2224** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2225** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2226** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2227** to the application instead of invoking the
2228** busy handler.
2229** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2230** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2231** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2232** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2233** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2234** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2235** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2236** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2237** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2238** the second process to proceed.
2239**
2240** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2241**
2242** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2243** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2244** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2245** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2246** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2247**
2248** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2249** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2250** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2251** result in undefined behavior.
2252**
2253** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2254** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2255*/
2256int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*,int), void*);
2257
2258/*
2259** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2260** METHOD: sqlite3
2261**
2262** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2263** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2264** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2265** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2266** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2267** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2268**
2269** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2270** turns off all busy handlers.
2271**
2272** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2273** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2274** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2275** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2276**
2277** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2278*/
2279int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2280
2281/*
2282** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2283** METHOD: sqlite3
2284**
2285** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2286** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2287**
2288** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2289** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2290** complete query results from one or more queries.
2291**
2292** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2293** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2294** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2295** and M be the number of columns.
2296**
2297** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2298** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2299** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2300** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2301** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2302** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2303**
2304** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2305** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2306** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2307**
2308** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2309** is as follows:
2310**
2311** <blockquote><pre>
2312**        Name        | Age
2313**        -----------------------
2314**        Alice       | 43
2315**        Bob         | 28
2316**        Cindy       | 21
2317** </pre></blockquote>
2318**
2319** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2320** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2321** in an array names azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2322**
2323** <blockquote><pre>
2324**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2325**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2326**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2327**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2328**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2329**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2330**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2331**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2332** </pre></blockquote>)^
2333**
2334** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2335** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2336** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2337** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2338**
2339** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2340** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2341** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2342** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2343** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2344** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2345**
2346** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2347** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2348** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2349** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2350** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2351** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2352** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2353*/
2354int sqlite3_get_table(
2355  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2356  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2357  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2358  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2359  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2360  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2361);
2362void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2363
2364/*
2365** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2366**
2367** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2368** from the standard C library.
2369** These routines understand most of the common K&R formatting options,
2370** plus some additional non-standard formats, detailed below.
2371** Note that some of the more obscure formatting options from recent
2372** C-library standards are omitted from this implementation.
2373**
2374** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2375** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
2376** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2377** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2378** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc()] is unable to allocate enough
2379** memory to hold the resulting string.
2380**
2381** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2382** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2383** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2384** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2385** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2386** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2387** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2388** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2389** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2390** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2391** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2392** now without breaking compatibility.
2393**
2394** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2395** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2396** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2397** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2398** written will be n-1 characters.
2399**
2400** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2401**
2402** These routines all implement some additional formatting
2403** options that are useful for constructing SQL statements.
2404** All of the usual printf() formatting options apply.  In addition, there
2405** is are "%q", "%Q", "%w" and "%z" options.
2406**
2407** ^(The %q option works like %s in that it substitutes a nul-terminated
2408** string from the argument list.  But %q also doubles every '\'' character.
2409** %q is designed for use inside a string literal.)^  By doubling each '\''
2410** character it escapes that character and allows it to be inserted into
2411** the string.
2412**
2413** For example, assume the string variable zText contains text as follows:
2414**
2415** <blockquote><pre>
2416**  char *zText = "It's a happy day!";
2417** </pre></blockquote>
2418**
2419** One can use this text in an SQL statement as follows:
2420**
2421** <blockquote><pre>
2422**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES('%q')", zText);
2423**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2424**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2425** </pre></blockquote>
2426**
2427** Because the %q format string is used, the '\'' character in zText
2428** is escaped and the SQL generated is as follows:
2429**
2430** <blockquote><pre>
2431**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It''s a happy day!')
2432** </pre></blockquote>
2433**
2434** This is correct.  Had we used %s instead of %q, the generated SQL
2435** would have looked like this:
2436**
2437** <blockquote><pre>
2438**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It's a happy day!');
2439** </pre></blockquote>
2440**
2441** This second example is an SQL syntax error.  As a general rule you should
2442** always use %q instead of %s when inserting text into a string literal.
2443**
2444** ^(The %Q option works like %q except it also adds single quotes around
2445** the outside of the total string.  Additionally, if the parameter in the
2446** argument list is a NULL pointer, %Q substitutes the text "NULL" (without
2447** single quotes).)^  So, for example, one could say:
2448**
2449** <blockquote><pre>
2450**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES(%Q)", zText);
2451**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2452**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2453** </pre></blockquote>
2454**
2455** The code above will render a correct SQL statement in the zSQL
2456** variable even if the zText variable is a NULL pointer.
2457**
2458** ^(The "%w" formatting option is like "%q" except that it expects to
2459** be contained within double-quotes instead of single quotes, and it
2460** escapes the double-quote character instead of the single-quote
2461** character.)^  The "%w" formatting option is intended for safely inserting
2462** table and column names into a constructed SQL statement.
2463**
2464** ^(The "%z" formatting option works like "%s" but with the
2465** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
2466** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string.)^
2467*/
2468char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2469char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2470char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2471char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2472
2473/*
2474** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2475**
2476** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2477** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2478** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
2479** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2480**
2481** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2482** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2483** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2484** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2485** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2486** a NULL pointer.
2487**
2488** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2489** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2490** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2491**
2492** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2493** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2494** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2495** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2496** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2497** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2498** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2499** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2500** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2501** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2502**
2503** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2504** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2505** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2506** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2507** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2508** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2509** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2510** sqlite3_free(X).
2511** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2512** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2513** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2514** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2515** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2516** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2517** prior allocation is not freed.
2518**
2519** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2520** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2521** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2522**
2523** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2524** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2525** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2526** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2527** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2528** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2529** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2530** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2531** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2532**
2533** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2534** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2535** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2536** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2537** option is used.
2538**
2539** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
2540** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in
2541** implementation of these routines to be omitted.  That capability
2542** is no longer provided.  Only built-in memory allocators can be used.
2543**
2544** Prior to SQLite version 3.7.10, the Windows OS interface layer called
2545** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
2546** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
2547** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
2548** installation.  Memory allocation errors were detected, but
2549** they were reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
2550** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
2551**
2552** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2553** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2554** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2555** not yet been released.
2556**
2557** The application must not read or write any part of
2558** a block of memory after it has been released using
2559** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2560*/
2561void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2562void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2563void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2564void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2565void sqlite3_free(void*);
2566sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2567
2568/*
2569** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2570**
2571** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2572** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2573** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2574**
2575** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2576** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2577** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2578** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2579** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2580** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2581** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2582** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2583** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2584**
2585** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2586** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2587** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2588** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2589** prior to the reset.
2590*/
2591sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2592sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2593
2594/*
2595** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2596**
2597** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2598** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2599** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2600** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2601** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2602**
2603** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2604** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2605**
2606** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2607** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2608** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2609** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2610** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2611** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2612** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2613** method.
2614*/
2615void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2616
2617/*
2618** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2619** METHOD: sqlite3
2620**
2621** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2622** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2623** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2624** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2625** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  ^At various
2626** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2627** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2628** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2629** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2630** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2631** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2632** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2633** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2634** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2635** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2636**
2637** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2638** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2639** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2640** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2641** access is denied.
2642**
2643** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2644** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2645** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2646** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2647** to the callback are zero-terminated strings that contain additional
2648** details about the action to be authorized.
2649**
2650** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2651** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2652** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2653** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2654** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2655** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2656** columns of a table.
2657** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2658** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2659** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2660**
2661** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2662** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2663** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2664** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2665** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2666** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
2667** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
2668** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
2669** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
2670** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
2671**
2672** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
2673** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
2674** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
2675** in addition to using an authorizer.
2676**
2677** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
2678** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
2679** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
2680** The authorizer is disabled by default.
2681**
2682** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
2683** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
2684** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2685** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2686**
2687** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
2688** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
2689** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
2690** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
2691**
2692** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
2693** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
2694** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
2695** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
2696** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
2697*/
2698int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
2699  sqlite3*,
2700  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,
2701                               const char*),
2702  void *pUserData
2703);
2704
2705/*
2706** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
2707**
2708** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
2709** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
2710** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
2711** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
2712** information.
2713**
2714** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
2715** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
2716*/
2717#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
2718#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
2719
2720/*
2721** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
2722**
2723** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
2724** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
2725** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
2726** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
2727** the authorizer callback may be passed.
2728**
2729** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
2730** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
2731** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
2732** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
2733** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
2734** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
2735** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
2736** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
2737** top-level SQL code.
2738*/
2739/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
2740#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2741#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2742#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2743#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2744#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2745#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
2746#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2747#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
2748#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2749#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2750#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2751#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2752#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2753#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2754#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
2755#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2756#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
2757#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2758#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
2759#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2760#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
2761#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
2762#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2763#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
2764#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
2765#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
2766#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
2767#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2768#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2769#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2770#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
2771#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
2772#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
2773#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
2774
2775/*
2776** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
2777** METHOD: sqlite3
2778**
2779** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
2780** instead of the routines described here.
2781**
2782** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
2783** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
2784**
2785** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
2786** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
2787** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
2788** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
2789** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
2790** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
2791** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
2792**
2793** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
2794** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
2795**
2796** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
2797** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
2798** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
2799** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
2800** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
2801** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
2802** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
2803** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  The
2804** sqlite3_profile() function is considered experimental and is
2805** subject to change in future versions of SQLite.
2806*/
2807SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
2808   void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
2809SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
2810   void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
2811
2812/*
2813** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
2814** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
2815**
2816** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
2817** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The third argument
2818** to [sqlite3_trace_v2()] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
2819** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
2820** is one of the following constants.
2821**
2822** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
2823**
2824** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
2825** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
2826** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
2827** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
2828** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
2829**
2830** <dl>
2831** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
2832** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
2833** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
2834** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
2835** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
2836** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
2837** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
2838** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
2839** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
2840** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
2841** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
2842**
2843** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
2844** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
2845** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
2846** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
2847** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
2848** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
2849** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
2850**
2851** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
2852** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
2853** statement generates a single row of result.
2854** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
2855** X argument is unused.
2856**
2857** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
2858** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
2859** connection closes.
2860** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
2861** and the X argument is unused.
2862** </dl>
2863*/
2864#define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
2865#define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
2866#define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
2867#define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
2868
2869/*
2870** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
2871** METHOD: sqlite3
2872**
2873** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
2874** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
2875** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
2876** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
2877** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
2878** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
2879**
2880** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
2881** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
2882**
2883** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
2884** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
2885** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
2886** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
2887**
2888** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
2889** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
2890** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
2891** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
2892** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
2893**
2894** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
2895** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
2896** are deprecated.
2897*/
2898int sqlite3_trace_v2(
2899  sqlite3*,
2900  unsigned uMask,
2901  int(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
2902  void *pCtx
2903);
2904
2905/*
2906** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
2907** METHOD: sqlite3
2908**
2909** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
2910** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
2911** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
2912** database connection D.  An example use for this
2913** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
2914**
2915** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
2916** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
2917** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
2918** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
2919** handler is disabled.
2920**
2921** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
2922** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
2923** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
2924** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
2925** than 1.
2926**
2927** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
2928** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
2929** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
2930**
2931** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
2932** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
2933** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2934** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2935**
2936*/
2937void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*,int,int(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*),void*);
2938
2939/*
2940** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
2941** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
2942**
2943** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
2944** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
2945** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
2946** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
2947** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
2948** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
2949** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
2950** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
2951** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
2952** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
2953** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
2954** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
2955**
2956** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
2957** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
2958** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
2959**
2960** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
2961** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
2962** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
2963**
2964** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
2965** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
2966** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
2967** sqlite3_open_v2() can take one of
2968** the following three values, optionally combined with the
2969** [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE],
2970** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE], and/or [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flags:)^
2971**
2972** <dl>
2973** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
2974** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
2975** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
2976**
2977** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
2978** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
2979** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
2980** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
2981**
2982** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
2983** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
2984** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
2985** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
2986** </dl>
2987**
2988** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
2989** combinations shown above optionally combined with other
2990** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
2991** then the behavior is undefined.
2992**
2993** ^If the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] flag is set, then the database connection
2994** opens in the multi-thread [threading mode] as long as the single-thread
2995** mode has not been set at compile-time or start-time.  ^If the
2996** [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flag is set then the database connection opens
2997** in the serialized [threading mode] unless single-thread was
2998** previously selected at compile-time or start-time.
2999** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag causes the database connection to be
3000** eligible to use [shared cache mode], regardless of whether or not shared
3001** cache is enabled using [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].  ^The
3002** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE] flag causes the database connection to not
3003** participate in [shared cache mode] even if it is enabled.
3004**
3005** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3006** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3007** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3008** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3009**
3010** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3011** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3012** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3013** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3014** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3015** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3016** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3017**
3018** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3019** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3020** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3021**
3022** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3023**
3024** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3025** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3026** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3027** set in the fourth argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3028** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3029** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3030** As of SQLite version 3.7.7, URI filename interpretation is turned off
3031** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3032** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3033** information.
3034**
3035** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3036** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3037** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3038** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3039** present, is ignored.
3040**
3041** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3042** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3043** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3044** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3045** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3046** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3047** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3048**
3049** [[core URI query parameters]]
3050** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3051** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3052** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3053** following query parameters:
3054**
3055** <ul>
3056**   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3057**     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3058**     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3059**     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3060**     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3061**     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3062**     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3063**
3064**   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3065**     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3066**     an error)^.
3067**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3068**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3069**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3070**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3071**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3072**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3073**     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3074**     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3075**     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3076**     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3077**     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3078**
3079**   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3080**     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3081**     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3082**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3083**     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3084**     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3085**     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3086**     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3087**
3088**  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3089**     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3090**     storage media on which the database file resides.
3091**
3092**  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3093**     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3094**     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3095**     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3096**     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3097**     processes uses nolock=1.
3098**
3099**  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3100**     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3101**     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3102**     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3103**     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3104**     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3105**     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3106**     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3107**     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3108**
3109** </ul>
3110**
3111** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3112** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3113** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3114** additional information.
3115**
3116** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3117**
3118** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3119** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3120** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3121**          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3122** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3123**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3124**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3125**          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3126** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3127**          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3128** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3129**          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3130**     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3131**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3132**          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3133**          in URI filenames.
3134** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3135**          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3136**          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3137**          default, use a private cache.
3138** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3139**          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3140**          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3141** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3142**          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3143** </table>
3144**
3145** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3146** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3147** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3148** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3149** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3150** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3151** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3152** the results are undefined.
3153**
3154** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3155** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3156** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3157** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3158** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3159**
3160** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3161** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3162** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3163**
3164** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3165*/
3166int sqlite3_open(
3167  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3168  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3169);
3170int sqlite3_open16(
3171  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3172  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3173);
3174int sqlite3_open_v2(
3175  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3176  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3177  int flags,              /* Flags */
3178  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3179);
3180
3181/*
3182** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3183**
3184** These are utility routines, useful to VFS implementations, that check
3185** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3186** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3187**
3188** If F is the database filename pointer passed into the xOpen() method of
3189** a VFS implementation when the flags parameter to xOpen() has one or
3190** more of the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] or [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB] bits set and
3191** P is the name of the query parameter, then
3192** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3193** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3194** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F
3195** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3196** a pointer to an empty string.
3197**
3198** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3199** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3200** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3201** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3202** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3203** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3204** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3205** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3206** parameter on F or if the value of P is does not match any of the
3207** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3208**
3209** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3210** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3211** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3212** zero is returned.
3213**
3214** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3215** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3216** is not a database file pathname pointer that SQLite passed into the xOpen
3217** VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined and probably
3218** undesirable.
3219*/
3220const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3221int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3222sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3223
3224
3225/*
3226** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3227** METHOD: sqlite3
3228**
3229** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3230** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3231** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3232** API call.
3233** If the most recent API call was successful,
3234** then the return value from sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
3235** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3236** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3237** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3238** disabled.
3239**
3240** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3241** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3242** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3243** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3244** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3245** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3246**
3247** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3248** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3249** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3250** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3251**
3252** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3253** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3254** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3255** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3256** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3257** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3258** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3259** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3260** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3261**
3262** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3263** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3264** error code and message may or may not be set.
3265*/
3266int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3267int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3268const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3269const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3270const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3271
3272/*
3273** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3274** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3275**
3276** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3277** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3278**
3279** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3280** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3281** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3282** prepared statement before it can be run.
3283**
3284** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3285**
3286** <ol>
3287** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3288** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3289**      interfaces.
3290** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3291** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3292**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3293** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3294** </ol>
3295*/
3296typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3297
3298/*
3299** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3300** METHOD: sqlite3
3301**
3302** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3303** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3304** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3305** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3306** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3307** new limit for that construct.)^
3308**
3309** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3310** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3311** [limits | hard upper bound]
3312** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3313** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3314** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3315** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3316** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3317**
3318** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3319** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3320** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3321** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3322**
3323** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3324** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3325** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3326** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3327** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3328** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3329** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3330** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3331** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3332** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3333** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3334** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3335**
3336** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3337*/
3338int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3339
3340/*
3341** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3342** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3343**
3344** These constants define various performance limits
3345** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3346** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3347** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3348**
3349** <dl>
3350** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3351** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3352**
3353** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3354** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3355**
3356** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3357** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3358** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3359** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3360**
3361** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3362** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3363**
3364** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3365** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3366**
3367** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3368** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3369** used to implement an SQL statement.  This limit is not currently
3370** enforced, though that might be added in some future release of
3371** SQLite.</dd>)^
3372**
3373** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3374** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3375**
3376** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3377** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3378**
3379** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3380** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3381** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3382** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3383**
3384** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3385** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3386** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3387**
3388** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3389** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3390**
3391** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3392** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3393** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3394** </dl>
3395*/
3396#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3397#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3398#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3399#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3400#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3401#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3402#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3403#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3404#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3405#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3406#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3407#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3408
3409/*
3410** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3411** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3412** METHOD: sqlite3
3413** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3414**
3415** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3416** program using one of these routines.
3417**
3418** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3419** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3420** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3421**
3422** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3423** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare_v2()
3424** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2()
3425** use UTF-16.
3426**
3427** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3428** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3429** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3430** statement is generated.
3431** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3432** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3433** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3434** the nul-terminator.
3435**
3436** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3437** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3438** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3439** what remains uncompiled.
3440**
3441** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3442** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3443** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3444** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3445** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3446** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3447** ppStmt may not be NULL.
3448**
3449** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
3450** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
3451**
3452** The sqlite3_prepare_v2() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2() interfaces are
3453** recommended for all new programs. The two older interfaces are retained
3454** for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
3455** ^In the "v2" interfaces, the prepared statement
3456** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
3457** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
3458** behave differently in three ways:
3459**
3460** <ol>
3461** <li>
3462** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
3463** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
3464** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
3465** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
3466** </li>
3467**
3468** <li>
3469** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
3470** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
3471** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
3472** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
3473** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
3474** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
3475** </li>
3476**
3477** <li>
3478** ^If the specific value bound to [parameter | host parameter] in the
3479** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
3480** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
3481** a schema change, on the first  [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
3482** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
3483** ^The specific value of WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
3484** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
3485** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
3486** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3] compile-time option is enabled.
3487** </li>
3488** </ol>
3489*/
3490int sqlite3_prepare(
3491  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3492  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3493  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3494  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3495  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3496);
3497int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
3498  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3499  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3500  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3501  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3502  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3503);
3504int sqlite3_prepare16(
3505  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3506  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3507  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3508  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3509  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3510);
3511int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
3512  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3513  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3514  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3515  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3516  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3517);
3518
3519/*
3520** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
3521** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3522**
3523** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
3524** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
3525** created by either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3526** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
3527** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
3528** [bound parameters] expanded.
3529**
3530** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
3531** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
3532** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
3533** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
3534** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
3535**
3536** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
3537** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
3538** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
3539**
3540** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
3541** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
3542** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
3543**
3544** ^The string returned by sqlite3_sql(P) is managed by SQLite and is
3545** automatically freed when the prepared statement is finalized.
3546** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
3547** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
3548** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
3549*/
3550const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3551char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3552
3553/*
3554** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
3555** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3556**
3557** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
3558** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
3559** the content of the database file.
3560**
3561** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
3562** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
3563** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
3564** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
3565** change the database file through side-effects:
3566**
3567** <blockquote><pre>
3568**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
3569** </pre></blockquote>
3570**
3571** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
3572** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
3573**
3574** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
3575** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
3576** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
3577** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
3578** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
3579** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
3580** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
3581** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
3582*/
3583int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3584
3585/*
3586** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
3587** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3588**
3589** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
3590** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
3591** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
3592** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
3593** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
3594** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
3595** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
3596** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
3597**
3598** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
3599** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
3600** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
3601** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
3602** statements that are holding a transaction open.
3603*/
3604int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
3605
3606/*
3607** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
3608** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
3609**
3610** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
3611** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
3612** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
3613** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
3614**
3615** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
3616** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
3617** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3618** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
3619** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
3620** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
3621** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3622**
3623** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
3624** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
3625** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
3626** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
3627** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
3628** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
3629** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
3630** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
3631** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
3632** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
3633** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
3634** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
3635**
3636** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
3637** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
3638** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
3639** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
3640** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used with
3641** [sqlite3_result_value()] and [sqlite3_bind_value()].
3642** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
3643** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
3644*/
3645typedef struct Mem sqlite3_value;
3646
3647/*
3648** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
3649**
3650** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
3651** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
3652** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
3653** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
3654** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
3655** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
3656** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
3657** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
3658*/
3659typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
3660
3661/*
3662** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
3663** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
3664** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
3665** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3666**
3667** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
3668** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
3669** templates:
3670**
3671** <ul>
3672** <li>  ?
3673** <li>  ?NNN
3674** <li>  :VVV
3675** <li>  @VVV
3676** <li>  $VVV
3677** </ul>
3678**
3679** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
3680** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
3681** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
3682** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
3683**
3684** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
3685** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
3686** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
3687**
3688** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
3689** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
3690** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
3691** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
3692** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
3693** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
3694** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
3695** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
3696** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 999).
3697**
3698** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
3699** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3700** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
3701** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
3702**
3703** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
3704** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
3705** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
3706** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3707** is negative, then the length of the string is
3708** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
3709** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
3710** the behavior is undefined.
3711** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
3712** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
3713** that parameter must be the byte offset
3714** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
3715** terminated.  If any NUL characters occur at byte offsets less than
3716** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
3717** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
3718** with embedded NULs is undefined.
3719**
3720** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
3721** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
3722** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
3723** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to bind API fails.
3724** ^If the fifth argument is
3725** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
3726** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
3727** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
3728** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
3729** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
3730**
3731** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
3732** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
3733** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
3734** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
3735** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
3736** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
3737** is undefined.
3738**
3739** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
3740** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
3741** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
3742** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
3743** content is later written using
3744** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
3745** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
3746**
3747** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
3748** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
3749** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
3750** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
3751** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
3752** result is undefined and probably harmful.
3753**
3754** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
3755** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
3756**
3757** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
3758** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
3759** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
3760** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
3761** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
3762** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
3763** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
3764**
3765** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
3766** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3767*/
3768int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n,
3769                      void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
3770int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
3771                        void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
3772int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
3773int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
3774int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
3775int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3776int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,
3777                      void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
3778int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int,
3779                        void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
3780int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
3781                        void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
3782int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
3783int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
3784int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
3785
3786/*
3787** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
3788** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3789**
3790** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
3791** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
3792** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
3793** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
3794** to the parameters at a later time.
3795**
3796** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
3797** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
3798** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
3799** there may be gaps in the list.)^
3800**
3801** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3802** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
3803** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3804*/
3805int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
3806
3807/*
3808** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
3809** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3810**
3811** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
3812** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
3813** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3814** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3815** respectively.
3816** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
3817** is included as part of the name.)^
3818** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
3819** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
3820**
3821** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
3822**
3823** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
3824** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
3825** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
3826** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()] or
3827** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3828**
3829** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3830** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3831** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3832*/
3833const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3834
3835/*
3836** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
3837** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3838**
3839** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
3840** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
3841** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
3842** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
3843** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
3844** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3845**
3846** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3847** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3848** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
3849*/
3850int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
3851
3852/*
3853** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
3854** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3855**
3856** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
3857** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
3858** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
3859*/
3860int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
3861
3862/*
3863** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
3864** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3865**
3866** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
3867** [prepared statement]. ^This routine returns 0 if pStmt is an SQL
3868** statement that does not return data (for example an [UPDATE]).
3869**
3870** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
3871*/
3872int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3873
3874/*
3875** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
3876** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3877**
3878** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
3879** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
3880** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
3881** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
3882** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
3883** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
3884** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
3885**
3886** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
3887** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
3888** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
3889** or until the next call to
3890** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
3891**
3892** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
3893** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
3894** NULL pointer is returned.
3895**
3896** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
3897** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
3898** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
3899** one release of SQLite to the next.
3900*/
3901const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3902const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3903
3904/*
3905** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
3906** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3907**
3908** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
3909** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
3910** [SELECT] statement.
3911** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
3912** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
3913** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
3914** the origin_ routines return the column name.
3915** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
3916** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
3917** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
3918** or until the same information is requested
3919** again in a different encoding.
3920**
3921** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
3922** database, table, and column.
3923**
3924** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
3925** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
3926** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
3927** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
3928**
3929** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
3930** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
3931** NULL.  ^These routine might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
3932** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
3933** or column that query result column was extracted from.
3934**
3935** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
3936** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
3937**
3938** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
3939** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
3940**
3941** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
3942** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
3943** undefined.
3944**
3945** If two or more threads call one or more
3946** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
3947** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
3948** at the same time then the results are undefined.
3949*/
3950const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3951const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3952const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3953const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3954const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3955const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3956
3957/*
3958** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
3959** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3960**
3961** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
3962** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
3963** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
3964** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
3965** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
3966** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
3967** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
3968**
3969** ^(For example, given the database schema:
3970**
3971** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
3972**
3973** and the following statement to be compiled:
3974**
3975** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
3976**
3977** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
3978** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
3979**
3980** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
3981** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
3982** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
3983** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
3984** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
3985** used to hold those values.
3986*/
3987const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3988const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3989
3990/*
3991** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
3992** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3993**
3994** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
3995** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
3996** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
3997** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
3998**
3999** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4000** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "v2" interface
4001** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4002** interface [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4003** new "v2" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4004** interface will continue to be supported.
4005**
4006** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4007** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4008** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4009** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4010**
4011** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4012** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4013** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4014** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4015** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4016** continuing.
4017**
4018** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4019** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4020** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4021** machine back to its initial state.
4022**
4023** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4024** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4025** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4026** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4027**
4028** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4029** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4030** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4031** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4032** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4033** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4034** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4035** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4036**
4037** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4038** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4039** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4040** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4041** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4042** more threads at the same moment in time.
4043**
4044** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4045** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4046** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4047** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4048** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4049** sqlite3_step().  But after version 3.6.23.1, sqlite3_step() began
4050** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4051** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4052** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4053** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4054** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4055**
4056** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4057** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4058** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4059** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4060** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4061** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4062** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4063** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
4064** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4065** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4066** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
4067*/
4068int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4069
4070/*
4071** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4072** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4073**
4074** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4075** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4076** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4077** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of
4078** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4079** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4080** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4081** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4082** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4083** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4084** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4085** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4086**
4087** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4088*/
4089int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4090
4091/*
4092** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4093** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4094**
4095** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4096**
4097** <ul>
4098** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4099** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4100** <li> string
4101** <li> BLOB
4102** <li> NULL
4103** </ul>)^
4104**
4105** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4106**
4107** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4108** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4109** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4110** SQLITE_TEXT.
4111*/
4112#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4113#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4114#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4115#define SQLITE_NULL     5
4116#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4117# undef SQLITE_TEXT
4118#else
4119# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4120#endif
4121#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4122
4123/*
4124** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4125** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4126** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4127**
4128** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4129** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4130** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4131** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4132** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4133** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4134** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4135** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4136**
4137** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4138** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4139** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4140** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4141** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4142** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4143** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4144** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4145** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4146** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4147** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4148**
4149** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4150** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4151** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4152** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].  The value
4153** returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no type
4154** conversions have occurred as described below.  After a type conversion,
4155** the value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is undefined.  Future
4156** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4157** following a type conversion.
4158**
4159** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4160** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4161** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4162** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4163** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4164** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4165** the number of bytes in that string.
4166** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4167**
4168** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4169** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4170** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4171** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4172** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4173** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4174** the number of bytes in that string.
4175** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4176**
4177** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4178** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4179** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4180** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4181** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4182**
4183** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4184** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4185** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4186**
4187** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4188** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4189** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4190** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4191** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4192** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4193** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4194** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4195**
4196** These routines attempt to convert the value where appropriate.  ^For
4197** example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4198** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4199** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4200** that are applied:
4201**
4202** <blockquote>
4203** <table border="1">
4204** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4205**
4206** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4207** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4208** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4209** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4210** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4211** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4212** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4213** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4214** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4215** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4216** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4217** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4218** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4219** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4220** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4221** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4222** </table>
4223** </blockquote>)^
4224**
4225** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4226** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4227** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4228** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4229** in the following cases:
4230**
4231** <ul>
4232** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4233**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4234**      need to be added to the string.</li>
4235** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4236**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4237**      to UTF-16.</li>
4238** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4239**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4240**      to UTF-8.</li>
4241** </ul>
4242**
4243** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4244** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4245** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4246** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4247** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4248**
4249** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4250** in one of the following ways:
4251**
4252** <ul>
4253**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4254**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4255**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4256** </ul>
4257**
4258** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4259** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4260** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4261** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4262** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4263** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4264** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4265**
4266** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4267** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4268** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4269** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do <em>not</em> pass the pointers returned
4270** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4271** [sqlite3_free()].
4272**
4273** ^(If a memory allocation error occurs during the evaluation of any
4274** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
4275** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
4276** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
4277** [SQLITE_NOMEM].)^
4278*/
4279const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4280int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4281int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4282double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4283int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4284sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4285const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4286const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4287int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4288sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4289
4290/*
4291** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4292** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4293**
4294** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4295** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4296** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4297** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4298** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4299** [extended error code].
4300**
4301** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4302** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4303** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4304** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4305** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4306** completed execution.
4307**
4308** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4309**
4310** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4311** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4312** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4313** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4314** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
4315*/
4316int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4317
4318/*
4319** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
4320** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4321**
4322** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
4323** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
4324** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
4325** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
4326** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
4327**
4328** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
4329** back to the beginning of its program.
4330**
4331** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4332** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
4333** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
4334** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
4335**
4336** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4337** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
4338** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
4339**
4340** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
4341** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
4342*/
4343int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4344
4345/*
4346** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
4347** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
4348** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
4349** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
4350** METHOD: sqlite3
4351**
4352** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
4353** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
4354** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only differences between
4355** these routines are the text encoding expected for
4356** the second parameter (the name of the function being created)
4357** and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
4358** the application data pointer.
4359**
4360** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
4361** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
4362** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
4363** to each database connection separately.
4364**
4365** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
4366** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
4367** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
4368** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
4369** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
4370** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
4371**
4372** ^The third parameter (nArg)
4373** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
4374** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
4375** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
4376** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
4377** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
4378** undefined.
4379**
4380** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
4381** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
4382** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
4383** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
4384** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
4385** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
4386** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
4387** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
4388** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
4389** each encoding.
4390** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
4391** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
4392**
4393** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
4394** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
4395** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
4396** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
4397** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
4398** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
4399** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
4400**
4401** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
4402** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
4403**
4404** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
4405** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
4406** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
4407** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
4408** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
4409** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
4410** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
4411** callbacks.
4412**
4413** ^(If the ninth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() is not NULL,
4414** then it is destructor for the application data pointer.
4415** The destructor is invoked when the function is deleted, either by being
4416** overloaded or when the database connection closes.)^
4417** ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
4418** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.
4419** ^When the destructor callback of the tenth parameter is invoked, it
4420** is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application data
4421** pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
4422**
4423** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
4424** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
4425** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
4426** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
4427** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
4428** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
4429** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
4430** matches the database encoding is a better
4431** match than a function where the encoding is different.
4432** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
4433** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
4434** between UTF8 and UTF16.
4435**
4436** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
4437**
4438** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
4439** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
4440** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
4441** statement in which the function is running.
4442*/
4443int sqlite3_create_function(
4444  sqlite3 *db,
4445  const char *zFunctionName,
4446  int nArg,
4447  int eTextRep,
4448  void *pApp,
4449  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4450  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4451  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4452);
4453int sqlite3_create_function16(
4454  sqlite3 *db,
4455  const void *zFunctionName,
4456  int nArg,
4457  int eTextRep,
4458  void *pApp,
4459  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4460  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4461  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4462);
4463int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
4464  sqlite3 *db,
4465  const char *zFunctionName,
4466  int nArg,
4467  int eTextRep,
4468  void *pApp,
4469  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4470  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4471  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
4472  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDestroy)(void*)
4473);
4474
4475/*
4476** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
4477**
4478** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
4479** text encodings supported by SQLite.
4480*/
4481#define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
4482#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
4483#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
4484#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
4485#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
4486#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
4487
4488/*
4489** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
4490**
4491** These constants may be ORed together with the
4492** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
4493** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
4494** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
4495*/
4496#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x800
4497
4498/*
4499** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
4500** DEPRECATED
4501**
4502** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
4503** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
4504** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
4505** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
4506** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
4507*/
4508#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
4509SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
4510SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
4511SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
4512SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
4513SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
4514SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(
4515                              void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
4516                              void*,sqlite3_int64);
4517#endif
4518
4519/*
4520** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
4521** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4522**
4523** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
4524** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
4525** the function or aggregate.
4526**
4527** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
4528** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4529** define callbacks that implement the SQL functions and aggregates.
4530** The 3rd parameter to these callbacks is an array of pointers to
4531** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  There is one [sqlite3_value] object for
4532** each parameter to the SQL function.  These routines are used to
4533** extract values from the [sqlite3_value] objects.
4534**
4535** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
4536** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
4537** object results in undefined behavior.
4538**
4539** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
4540** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
4541** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
4542**
4543** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
4544** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
4545** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
4546** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
4547**
4548** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
4549** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
4550** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
4551** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
4552** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
4553** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
4554** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
4555**
4556** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
4557** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
4558** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
4559** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4560** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
4561**
4562** These routines must be called from the same thread as
4563** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
4564*/
4565const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
4566int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
4567int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
4568double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
4569int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
4570sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
4571const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
4572const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
4573const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
4574const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
4575int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
4576int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
4577
4578/*
4579** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
4580** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4581**
4582** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
4583** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
4584** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
4585** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
4586** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
4587**
4588** SQLite makes no use of subtype itself.  It merely passes the subtype
4589** from the result of one [application-defined SQL function] into the
4590** input of another.
4591*/
4592unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
4593
4594/*
4595** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
4596** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4597**
4598** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4599** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
4600** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
4601** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
4602** memory allocation fails.
4603**
4604** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
4605** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
4606** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
4607*/
4608sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
4609void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
4610
4611/*
4612** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
4613** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4614**
4615** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
4616** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
4617**
4618** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
4619** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite
4620** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
4621** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
4622** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
4623** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
4624** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
4625** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
4626** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
4627** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
4628** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
4629** first time from within xFinal().)^
4630**
4631** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
4632** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
4633** allocate error occurs.
4634**
4635** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
4636** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
4637** value of N in subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
4638** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
4639** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
4640** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
4641** pointless memory allocations occur.
4642**
4643** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
4644** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
4645**
4646** The first parameter must be a copy of the
4647** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
4648** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
4649** function.
4650**
4651** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4652** the aggregate SQL function is running.
4653*/
4654void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
4655
4656/*
4657** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
4658** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4659**
4660** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
4661** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
4662** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4663** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4664** registered the application defined function.
4665**
4666** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4667** the application-defined function is running.
4668*/
4669void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
4670
4671/*
4672** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
4673** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4674**
4675** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
4676** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
4677** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4678** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4679** registered the application defined function.
4680*/
4681sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
4682
4683/*
4684** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
4685** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4686**
4687** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
4688** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
4689** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
4690** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
4691** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
4692** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
4693** metadata associated with the pattern string.
4694** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
4695** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
4696** invocations of the same function.
4697**
4698** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface returns a pointer to the metadata
4699** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata() function with the Nth argument
4700** value to the application-defined function. ^If there is no metadata
4701** associated with the function argument, this sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface
4702** returns a NULL pointer.
4703**
4704** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
4705** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
4706** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
4707** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
4708** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
4709** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
4710** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
4711** once, when the metadata is discarded.
4712** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
4713** <li> when the corresponding function parameter changes, or
4714** <li> when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
4715**      SQL statement, or
4716** <li> when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same parameter, or
4717** <li> during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
4718**      allocation error occurs. </ul>)^
4719**
4720** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
4721** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
4722** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
4723** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
4724** function implementation should not make any use of P after
4725** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
4726**
4727** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
4728** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
4729** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
4730**
4731** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
4732** the SQL function is running.
4733*/
4734void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
4735void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*,
4736                         void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
4737
4738
4739/*
4740** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
4741**
4742** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
4743** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
4744** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
4745** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
4746** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
4747** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
4748** the content before returning.
4749**
4750** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
4751** C++ compilers.
4752*/
4753typedef void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
4754#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
4755#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
4756
4757/*
4758** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
4759** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4760**
4761** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
4762** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
4763** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4764** for additional information.
4765**
4766** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
4767** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
4768** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
4769**
4770** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
4771** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
4772** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
4773** third parameter.
4774**
4775** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
4776** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
4777** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
4778**
4779** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
4780** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
4781** by its 2nd argument.
4782**
4783** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
4784** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
4785** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
4786** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
4787** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
4788** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
4789** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 in native
4790** byte order.  ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
4791** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
4792** message all text up through the first zero character.
4793** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
4794** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
4795** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
4796** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
4797** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
4798** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
4799** modify the text after they return without harm.
4800** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
4801** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
4802** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
4803** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
4804**
4805** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4806** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
4807**
4808** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4809** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
4810**
4811** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
4812** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
4813** value given in the 2nd argument.
4814** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
4815** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
4816** value given in the 2nd argument.
4817**
4818** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
4819** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
4820**
4821** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
4822** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
4823** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
4824** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
4825** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
4826** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
4827** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
4828** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
4829** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
4830** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
4831** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
4832** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4833** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
4834** through the first zero character.
4835** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4836** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
4837** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
4838** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
4839** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
4840** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
4841** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
4842** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
4843** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
4844** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4845** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
4846** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
4847** finished using that result.
4848** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
4849** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
4850** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
4851** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
4852** when it has finished using that result.
4853** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4854** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
4855** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained from
4856** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
4857**
4858** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
4859** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
4860** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
4861** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4862** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
4863** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
4864** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
4865** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
4866** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
4867**
4868** If these routines are called from within the different thread
4869** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
4870** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
4871*/
4872void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,
4873                         void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
4874void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
4875                           sqlite3_uint64,void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
4876void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
4877void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
4878void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
4879void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
4880void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
4881void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
4882void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
4883void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
4884void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
4885void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int,
4886                         void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
4887void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
4888                           void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*),
4889                           unsigned char encoding);
4890void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,
4891                           void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
4892void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,
4893                             void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
4894void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,
4895                             void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*));
4896void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
4897void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
4898int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
4899
4900
4901/*
4902** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
4903** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4904**
4905** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
4906** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
4907** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
4908** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
4909** higher order bits are discarded.
4910** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
4911** in future releases of SQLite.
4912*/
4913void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
4914
4915/*
4916** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
4917** METHOD: sqlite3
4918**
4919** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
4920** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
4921**
4922** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
4923** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
4924** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
4925** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
4926** considered to be the same name.
4927**
4928** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
4929** <ul>
4930** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
4931** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
4932** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
4933** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
4934** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
4935** </ul>)^
4936** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
4937** to the collating function callback, xCallback.
4938** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
4939** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
4940** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
4941** on an even byte address.
4942**
4943** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
4944** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
4945**
4946** ^The fifth argument, xCallback, is a pointer to the collating function.
4947** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
4948** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
4949** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
4950** ^If the xCallback argument is NULL then the collating function is
4951** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
4952** that collation is no longer usable.
4953**
4954** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
4955** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
4956** by the eTextRep argument.  The collating function must return an
4957** integer that is negative, zero, or positive
4958** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
4959** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
4960** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
4961** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
4962** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
4963** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
4964** strings A, B, and C:
4965**
4966** <ol>
4967** <li> If A==B then B==A.
4968** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
4969** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
4970** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
4971** </ol>
4972**
4973** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
4974** collating function is  registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
4975** is undefined.
4976**
4977** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
4978** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
4979** the collating function is deleted.
4980** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
4981** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
4982** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
4983**
4984** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
4985** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
4986** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
4987** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
4988** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
4989** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
4990** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
4991** compatibility.
4992**
4993** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
4994*/
4995int sqlite3_create_collation(
4996  sqlite3*,
4997  const char *zName,
4998  int eTextRep,
4999  void *pArg,
5000  int(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5001);
5002int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5003  sqlite3*,
5004  const char *zName,
5005  int eTextRep,
5006  void *pArg,
5007  int(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5008  void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDestroy)(void*)
5009);
5010int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5011  sqlite3*,
5012  const void *zName,
5013  int eTextRep,
5014  void *pArg,
5015  int(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5016);
5017
5018/*
5019** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5020** METHOD: sqlite3
5021**
5022** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5023** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5024** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5025** sequence is required.
5026**
5027** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5028** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5029** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5030** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5031** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5032**
5033** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5034** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5035** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5036** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5037** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5038** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5039** required collation sequence.)^
5040**
5041** The callback function should register the desired collation using
5042** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
5043** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
5044*/
5045int sqlite3_collation_needed(
5046  sqlite3*,
5047  void*,
5048  void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
5049);
5050int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
5051  sqlite3*,
5052  void*,
5053  void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
5054);
5055
5056#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
5057/*
5058** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
5059** called right after sqlite3_open().
5060**
5061** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5062** of SQLite.
5063*/
5064int sqlite3_key(
5065  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5066  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5067);
5068int sqlite3_key_v2(
5069  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5070  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5071  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5072);
5073
5074/*
5075** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
5076** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
5077** database is decrypted.
5078**
5079** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5080** of SQLite.
5081*/
5082int sqlite3_rekey(
5083  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5084  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5085);
5086int sqlite3_rekey_v2(
5087  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5088  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5089  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5090);
5091
5092/*
5093** Specify the activation key for a SEE database.  Unless
5094** activated, none of the SEE routines will work.
5095*/
5096void sqlite3_activate_see(
5097  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5098);
5099#endif
5100
5101#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
5102/*
5103** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
5104** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
5105*/
5106void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
5107  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5108);
5109#endif
5110
5111/*
5112** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
5113**
5114** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
5115** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
5116**
5117** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
5118** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
5119** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
5120** requested from the operating system is returned.
5121**
5122** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
5123** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
5124** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
5125** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
5126** in the previous paragraphs.
5127*/
5128int sqlite3_sleep(int);
5129
5130/*
5131** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
5132**
5133** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5134** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
5135** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
5136** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
5137** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
5138** temporary file directory.
5139**
5140** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
5141** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
5142** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
5143** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
5144** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
5145** be avoided in new projects.
5146**
5147** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5148** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5149** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5150** thread.
5151** It is intended that this variable be set once
5152** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5153** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5154** thereafter.
5155**
5156** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5157** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5158** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5159** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5160** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5161** using [sqlite3_free].
5162** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5163** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5164** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5165** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
5166** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
5167** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
5168** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
5169** objects have been destroyed.
5170**
5171** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
5172** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
5173** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
5174** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
5175**
5176** <blockquote><pre>
5177** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
5178** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
5179** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
5180** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
5181** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
5182** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
5183** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
5184** </pre></blockquote>
5185*/
5186SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
5187
5188/*
5189** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
5190**
5191** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5192** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
5193** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
5194** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
5195** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
5196** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
5197** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
5198** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
5199** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
5200**
5201** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
5202** open can result in a corrupt database.
5203**
5204** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5205** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5206** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5207** thread.
5208** It is intended that this variable be set once
5209** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5210** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5211** thereafter.
5212**
5213** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5214** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5215** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5216** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5217** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5218** using [sqlite3_free].
5219** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5220** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5221** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5222*/
5223SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
5224
5225/*
5226** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
5227** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
5228** METHOD: sqlite3
5229**
5230** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
5231** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
5232** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
5233** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
5234** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
5235**
5236** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
5237** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
5238** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
5239** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
5240** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
5241** an error is to use this function.
5242**
5243** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
5244** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
5245** is undefined.
5246*/
5247int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
5248
5249/*
5250** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
5251** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5252**
5253** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
5254** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
5255** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
5256** that was the first argument
5257** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
5258** create the statement in the first place.
5259*/
5260sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
5261
5262/*
5263** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
5264** METHOD: sqlite3
5265**
5266** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename
5267** associated with database N of connection D.  ^The main database file
5268** has the name "main".  If there is no attached database N on the database
5269** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
5270** a NULL pointer is returned.
5271**
5272** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
5273** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
5274** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
5275** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
5276*/
5277const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5278
5279/*
5280** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
5281** METHOD: sqlite3
5282**
5283** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
5284** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
5285** the name of a database on connection D.
5286*/
5287int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5288
5289/*
5290** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
5291** METHOD: sqlite3
5292**
5293** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
5294** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
5295** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
5296** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
5297** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
5298**
5299** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
5300** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
5301** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
5302*/
5303sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5304
5305/*
5306** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
5307** METHOD: sqlite3
5308**
5309** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
5310** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
5311** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
5312** for the same database connection is overridden.
5313** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
5314** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
5315** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
5316** for the same database connection is overridden.
5317** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
5318** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
5319** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
5320**
5321** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
5322** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
5323** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5324** the first call for each function on D.
5325**
5326** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
5327** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
5328** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
5329** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5330** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
5331** or rollback hook in the first place.
5332** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
5333** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
5334** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5335**
5336** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
5337**
5338** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
5339** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
5340** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
5341** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
5342** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
5343**
5344** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
5345** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
5346** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
5347** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
5348** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
5349**
5350** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
5351*/
5352void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void*), void*);
5353void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void *), void*);
5354
5355/*
5356** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
5357** METHOD: sqlite3
5358**
5359** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
5360** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
5361** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
5362** a [rowid table].
5363** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
5364** for the same database connection is overridden.
5365**
5366** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
5367** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
5368** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
5369** to sqlite3_update_hook().
5370** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
5371** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
5372** to be invoked.
5373** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
5374** database and table name containing the affected row.
5375** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
5376** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
5377**
5378** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
5379** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).)^
5380** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
5381**
5382** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
5383** is not invoked when duplication rows are deleted because of an
5384** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
5385** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
5386** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
5387** release of SQLite.
5388**
5389** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
5390** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
5391** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5392** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
5393** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
5394** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5395**
5396** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
5397** returns the P argument from the previous call
5398** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5399** the first call on D.
5400**
5401** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
5402** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
5403*/
5404void *sqlite3_update_hook(
5405  sqlite3*,
5406  void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
5407  void*
5408);
5409
5410/*
5411** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
5412**
5413** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
5414** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
5415** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
5416** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
5417**
5418** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
5419** This is a change as of SQLite version 3.5.0. In prior versions of SQLite,
5420** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
5421**
5422** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
5423** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
5424** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode
5425** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
5426**
5427** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
5428** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
5429**
5430** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
5431** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
5432** cache setting should set it explicitly.
5433**
5434** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
5435** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
5436** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
5437** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
5438**
5439** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
5440** 32-bit integer is atomic.
5441**
5442** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
5443*/
5444int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
5445
5446/*
5447** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
5448**
5449** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
5450** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
5451** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
5452** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
5453** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
5454** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
5455** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
5456** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5457**
5458** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
5459*/
5460int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
5461
5462/*
5463** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
5464** METHOD: sqlite3
5465**
5466** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
5467** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
5468** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
5469** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
5470** omitted.
5471**
5472** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
5473*/
5474int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
5475
5476/*
5477** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
5478**
5479** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
5480** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
5481** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
5482** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
5483** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
5484** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
5485** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
5486** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
5487** is advisory only.
5488**
5489** ^The return value from sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() is the size of
5490** the soft heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
5491** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
5492** then no change is made to the soft heap limit.  Hence, the current
5493** size of the soft heap limit can be determined by invoking
5494** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() with a negative argument.
5495**
5496** ^If the argument N is zero then the soft heap limit is disabled.
5497**
5498** ^(The soft heap limit is not enforced in the current implementation
5499** if one or more of following conditions are true:
5500**
5501** <ul>
5502** <li> The soft heap limit is set to zero.
5503** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
5504**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
5505**      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
5506** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
5507**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
5508** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
5509**      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
5510**      from the heap.
5511** </ul>)^
5512**
5513** Beginning with SQLite version 3.7.3, the soft heap limit is enforced
5514** regardless of whether or not the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]
5515** compile-time option is invoked.  With [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT],
5516** the soft heap limit is enforced on every memory allocation.  Without
5517** [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT], the soft heap limit is only enforced
5518** when memory is allocated by the page cache.  Testing suggests that because
5519** the page cache is the predominate memory user in SQLite, most
5520** applications will achieve adequate soft heap limit enforcement without
5521** the use of [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5522**
5523** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the soft heap limit may
5524** changes in future releases of SQLite.
5525*/
5526sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
5527
5528/*
5529** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
5530** DEPRECATED
5531**
5532** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
5533** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
5534** only.  All new applications should use the
5535** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
5536*/
5537SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
5538
5539
5540/*
5541** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
5542** METHOD: sqlite3
5543**
5544** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
5545** information about column C of table T in database D
5546** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
5547** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
5548** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
5549** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
5550** SQLITE_ERROR and if the specified column does not exist.
5551** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
5552** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existance of the
5553** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
5554** does not.
5555**
5556** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
5557** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
5558** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
5559** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
5560** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
5561** resolve unqualified table references.
5562**
5563** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
5564** name of the desired column, respectively.
5565**
5566** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
5567** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
5568** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
5569**
5570** ^(<blockquote>
5571** <table border="1">
5572** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
5573**
5574** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
5575** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
5576** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
5577** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
5578** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
5579** </table>
5580** </blockquote>)^
5581**
5582** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
5583** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
5584** call to any SQLite API function.
5585**
5586** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
5587**
5588** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
5589** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
5590** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
5591** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
5592** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
5593** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
5594**
5595** <pre>
5596**     data type: "INTEGER"
5597**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
5598**     not null: 0
5599**     primary key: 1
5600**     auto increment: 0
5601** </pre>)^
5602**
5603** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
5604** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
5605** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
5606*/
5607int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
5608  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
5609  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
5610  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
5611  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
5612  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
5613  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
5614  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
5615  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
5616  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
5617);
5618
5619/*
5620** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
5621** METHOD: sqlite3
5622**
5623** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
5624**
5625** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
5626** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
5627** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
5628** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
5629** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
5630** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
5631** be tried also.
5632**
5633** ^The entry point is zProc.
5634** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
5635** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
5636** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
5637** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
5638** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
5639** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
5640** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
5641** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
5642** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
5643** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
5644** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
5645** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
5646** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
5647**
5648** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
5649** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
5650** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
5651** prior to calling this API,
5652** otherwise an error will be returned.
5653**
5654** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
5655** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
5656** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
5657** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
5658** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
5659** access to extension loading capabilities.
5660**
5661** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
5662*/
5663int sqlite3_load_extension(
5664  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
5665  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
5666  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
5667  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
5668);
5669
5670/*
5671** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
5672** METHOD: sqlite3
5673**
5674** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
5675** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
5676** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
5677** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
5678**
5679** ^Extension loading is off by default.
5680** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
5681** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
5682** it back off again.
5683**
5684** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
5685** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
5686** Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
5687** to enable or disable only the C-API.
5688**
5689** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
5690** be disabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
5691** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
5692** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
5693** access to extension loading capabilities.
5694*/
5695int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
5696
5697/*
5698** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
5699**
5700** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
5701** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
5702** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
5703** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
5704**
5705** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
5706** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
5707** arguments and expects and integer result as if the signature of the
5708** entry point where as follows:
5709**
5710** <blockquote><pre>
5711** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
5712** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
5713** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
5714** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
5715** &nbsp;  );
5716** </pre></blockquote>)^
5717**
5718** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
5719** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
5720** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
5721** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
5722** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
5723** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
5724** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
5725**
5726** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
5727** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
5728** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
5729**
5730** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
5731** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
5732*/
5733int sqlite3_auto_extension(void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xEntryPoint)(void));
5734
5735/*
5736** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
5737**
5738** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
5739** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
5740** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
5741** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
5742** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
5743** routines.
5744*/
5745int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xEntryPoint)(void));
5746
5747/*
5748** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
5749**
5750** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
5751** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
5752*/
5753void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
5754
5755/*
5756** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
5757** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
5758** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
5759**
5760** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
5761** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
5762*/
5763
5764/*
5765** Structures used by the virtual table interface
5766*/
5767typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
5768typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
5769typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
5770typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
5771
5772/*
5773** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
5774** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
5775**
5776** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
5777** defines the implementation of a [virtual tables].
5778** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
5779**
5780** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
5781** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
5782** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
5783** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
5784** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
5785** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
5786** any database connection.
5787*/
5788struct sqlite3_module {
5789  int iVersion;
5790  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5791               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5792               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5793  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5794               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5795               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5796  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
5797  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5798  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5799  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab,
5800                               sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
5801  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5802  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*,
5803                                 int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
5804                                 int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
5805  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5806  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5807  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
5808  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
5809  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **,
5810                                 sqlite3_int64 *);
5811  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5812  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5813  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5814  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5815  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab,
5816                                       int nArg, const char *zName,
5817         void (SQLITE_CALLBACK **pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5818                                       void **ppArg);
5819  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
5820  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
5821  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
5822  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5823  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5824  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5825};
5826
5827/*
5828** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
5829** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
5830**
5831** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
5832** of the [virtual table] interface to
5833** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
5834** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
5835** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
5836** results into the **Outputs** fields.
5837**
5838** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
5839**
5840** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
5841**
5842** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
5843** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
5844** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
5845** ^(The index of the column is stored in
5846** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
5847** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
5848** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
5849**
5850** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
5851** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
5852** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
5853** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
5854** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
5855**
5856** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
5857** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
5858**
5859** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
5860** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
5861** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
5862** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
5863** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
5864** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
5865** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
5866** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
5867** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
5868** non-zero.
5869**
5870** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
5871** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
5872** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
5873** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
5874** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
5875** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.)^
5876**
5877** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
5878** [xFilter] method.
5879** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
5880** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
5881**
5882** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
5883** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
5884** sorting step is required.
5885**
5886** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
5887** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
5888** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
5889** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
5890** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
5891**
5892** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
5893** will be returned by the strategy.
5894**
5895** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
5896** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
5897** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
5898** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
5899**
5900** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
5901** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
5902** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
5903** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
5904** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
5905** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
5906** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
5907** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
5908** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
5909**
5910** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
5911** structure for SQLite version 3.8.2. If a virtual table extension is
5912** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
5913** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
5914** to included crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
5915** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
5916** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
5917** was added for version 3.9.0. It may therefore only be used if
5918** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
5919** 3009000.
5920*/
5921struct sqlite3_index_info {
5922  /* Inputs */
5923  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
5924  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
5925     int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
5926     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
5927     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
5928     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
5929  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
5930  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
5931  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
5932     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
5933     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
5934  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
5935  /* Outputs */
5936  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
5937    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
5938    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
5939  } *aConstraintUsage;
5940  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
5941  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
5942  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
5943  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
5944  double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
5945  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
5946  sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
5947  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
5948  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
5949  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
5950  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
5951};
5952
5953/*
5954** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
5955*/
5956#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
5957
5958/*
5959** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
5960**
5961** These macros defined the allowed values for the
5962** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
5963** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
5964** a query that uses a [virtual table].
5965*/
5966#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ      2
5967#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT      4
5968#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE      8
5969#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT     16
5970#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE     32
5971#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH  64
5972#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE   65
5973#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB   66
5974#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP 67
5975
5976/*
5977** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
5978** METHOD: sqlite3
5979**
5980** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
5981** ^Module names must be registered before
5982** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
5983** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
5984**
5985** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
5986** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
5987** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
5988** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
5989** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
5990** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
5991** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
5992**
5993** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
5994** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
5995** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
5996** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
5997** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
5998** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
5999** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
6000** destructor.
6001*/
6002int sqlite3_create_module(
6003  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6004  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6005  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6006  void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6007);
6008int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
6009  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6010  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6011  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6012  void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6013  void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
6014);
6015
6016/*
6017** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
6018** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
6019**
6020** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
6021** of this object to describe a particular instance
6022** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
6023** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
6024** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
6025** common to all module implementations.
6026**
6027** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
6028** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
6029** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
6030** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
6031** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
6032** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
6033*/
6034struct sqlite3_vtab {
6035  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
6036  int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
6037  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
6038  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6039};
6040
6041/*
6042** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
6043** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
6044**
6045** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
6046** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
6047** [virtual table] and are used
6048** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
6049** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
6050** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
6051** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
6052** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
6053** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
6054**
6055** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
6056** are common to all implementations.
6057*/
6058struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
6059  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
6060  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6061};
6062
6063/*
6064** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
6065**
6066** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
6067** [virtual table module] call this interface
6068** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
6069** the virtual tables they implement.
6070*/
6071int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
6072
6073/*
6074** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
6075** METHOD: sqlite3
6076**
6077** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
6078** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
6079** But global versions of those functions
6080** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
6081**
6082** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
6083** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
6084** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
6085** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
6086** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
6087** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
6088** by a [virtual table].
6089*/
6090int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
6091
6092/*
6093** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
6094** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
6095** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6096** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6097**
6098** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6099** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6100*/
6101
6102/*
6103** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
6104** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
6105**
6106** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
6107** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
6108** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
6109** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6110** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
6111** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
6112** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
6113*/
6114typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
6115
6116/*
6117** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
6118** METHOD: sqlite3
6119** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6120**
6121** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
6122** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
6123** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
6124**
6125** <pre>
6126**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
6127** </pre>)^
6128**
6129** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
6130** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
6131** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
6132** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
6133** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
6134**
6135** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
6136** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
6137** read-only access.
6138**
6139** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
6140** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
6141** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
6142** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
6143** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
6144**
6145** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
6146** <ul>
6147**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
6148**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
6149**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
6150**   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
6151**   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
6152**   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
6153**         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
6154**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
6155**         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
6156**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
6157**         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
6158**         being opened for read/write access)^.
6159** </ul>
6160**
6161** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
6162** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6163** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6164**
6165**
6166** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
6167** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
6168** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
6169** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
6170** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
6171** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
6172** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6173** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
6174** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
6175** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
6176**
6177** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
6178** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
6179** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
6180** blob.
6181**
6182** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
6183** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
6184** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
6185**
6186** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
6187** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6188*/
6189int sqlite3_blob_open(
6190  sqlite3*,
6191  const char *zDb,
6192  const char *zTable,
6193  const char *zColumn,
6194  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
6195  int flags,
6196  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
6197);
6198
6199/*
6200** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
6201** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6202**
6203** ^This function is used to move an existing blob handle so that it points
6204** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
6205** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
6206** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
6207** remain the same. Moving an existing blob handle to a new row can be
6208** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
6209**
6210** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
6211** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
6212** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
6213** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
6214** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
6215** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
6216** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
6217** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
6218** always returns zero.
6219**
6220** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
6221*/
6222int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
6223
6224/*
6225** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
6226** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6227**
6228** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
6229** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
6230** handle is still closed.)^
6231**
6232** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
6233** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
6234** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
6235** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
6236** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
6237**
6238** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
6239** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
6240** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
6241** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
6242** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
6243** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
6244*/
6245int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
6246
6247/*
6248** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
6249** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6250**
6251** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
6252** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
6253** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
6254** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
6255**
6256** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6257** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6258** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6259** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6260*/
6261int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
6262
6263/*
6264** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
6265** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6266**
6267** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
6268** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
6269** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6270**
6271** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6272** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
6273** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
6274** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
6275** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
6276**
6277** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6278** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6279**
6280** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
6281** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6282**
6283** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6284** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6285** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6286** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6287**
6288** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6289*/
6290int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
6291
6292/*
6293** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
6294** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6295**
6296** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
6297** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
6298** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6299**
6300** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
6301** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6302** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
6303** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6304** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6305**
6306** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
6307** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
6308** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
6309**
6310** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
6311** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
6312** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6313** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
6314** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
6315** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
6316** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
6317**
6318** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6319** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
6320** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
6321** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
6322** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
6323** or by other independent statements.
6324**
6325** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6326** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6327** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6328** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6329**
6330** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
6331*/
6332int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
6333
6334/*
6335** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
6336**
6337** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
6338** that SQLite uses to interact
6339** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
6340** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
6341** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
6342** The following interfaces are provided.
6343**
6344** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
6345** ^Names are case sensitive.
6346** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
6347** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
6348** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
6349**
6350** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
6351** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
6352** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
6353** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
6354** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
6355** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
6356** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
6357** then the behavior is undefined.
6358**
6359** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
6360** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
6361** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
6362*/
6363sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
6364int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
6365int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
6366
6367/*
6368** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
6369**
6370** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
6371** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
6372** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
6373** permitted to use any of these routines.
6374**
6375** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
6376** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
6377** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
6378** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
6379**
6380** <ul>
6381** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
6382** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
6383** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
6384** </ul>
6385**
6386** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
6387** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
6388** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
6389** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
6390** and Windows.
6391**
6392** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
6393** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
6394** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
6395** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
6396** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
6397** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
6398** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
6399**
6400** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
6401** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6402** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
6403** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
6404** integer constants:
6405**
6406** <ul>
6407** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6408** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6409** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
6410** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
6411** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
6412** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
6413** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
6414** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
6415** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
6416** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
6417** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
6418** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
6419** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
6420** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
6421** </ul>
6422**
6423** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
6424** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
6425** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6426** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
6427** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
6428** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
6429** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
6430** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
6431** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
6432** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
6433**
6434** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
6435** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
6436** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
6437** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
6438** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
6439** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
6440** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
6441** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
6442**
6443** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6444** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6445** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
6446** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
6447** the same type number.
6448**
6449** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
6450** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
6451** mutex results in undefined behavior.
6452**
6453** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
6454** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
6455** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
6456** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
6457** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
6458** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
6459** In such cases, the
6460** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
6461** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
6462** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
6463**
6464** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
6465** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
6466** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
6467** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
6468** behavior.)^
6469**
6470** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
6471** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
6472** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
6473** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
6474**
6475** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
6476** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
6477** behave as no-ops.
6478**
6479** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
6480*/
6481sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
6482void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
6483void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
6484int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
6485void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
6486
6487/*
6488** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
6489**
6490** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
6491** used to allocate and use mutexes.
6492**
6493** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
6494** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
6495** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
6496** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
6497** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
6498** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
6499** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
6500** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
6501** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
6502**
6503** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
6504** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
6505** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
6506** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
6507**
6508** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
6509** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
6510** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
6511** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
6512** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
6513** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
6514**
6515** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
6516** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
6517** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
6518**
6519** <ul>
6520**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
6521**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
6522**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
6523**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
6524**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
6525**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
6526**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
6527** </ul>)^
6528**
6529** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
6530** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
6531** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
6532** by this structure are not required to handle this case, the results
6533** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
6534** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
6535** it is passed a NULL pointer).
6536**
6537** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
6538** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
6539** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
6540** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
6541**
6542** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
6543** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
6544** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
6545** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
6546**
6547** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
6548** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
6549** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
6550** prior to returning.
6551*/
6552typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
6553struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
6554  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xMutexInit)(void);
6555  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xMutexEnd)(void);
6556  sqlite3_mutex *(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xMutexAlloc)(int);
6557  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6558  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6559  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6560  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6561  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6562  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6563};
6564
6565/*
6566** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
6567**
6568** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
6569** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
6570** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
6571** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
6572** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
6573** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
6574** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
6575** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
6576**
6577** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
6578** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
6579**
6580** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
6581** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
6582** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
6583** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
6584**
6585** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
6586** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
6587** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
6588** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
6589** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
6590** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
6591** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
6592** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
6593*/
6594#ifndef NDEBUG
6595int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
6596int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
6597#endif
6598
6599/*
6600** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
6601**
6602** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
6603** which is one of these integer constants.
6604**
6605** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
6606** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
6607** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
6608*/
6609#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
6610#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
6611#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
6612#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
6613#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
6614#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
6615#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_random() */
6616#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
6617#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
6618#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
6619#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
6620#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
6621#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
6622#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
6623#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
6624#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
6625
6626/*
6627** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
6628** METHOD: sqlite3
6629**
6630** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
6631** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
6632** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
6633** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
6634** routine returns a NULL pointer.
6635*/
6636sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
6637
6638/*
6639** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
6640** METHOD: sqlite3
6641**
6642** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
6643** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
6644** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
6645** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
6646** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
6647** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
6648** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
6649** main database file.
6650** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
6651** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
6652** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
6653** method becomes the return value of this routine.
6654**
6655** ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER value for the op parameter causes
6656** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
6657** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER
6658** case is a short-circuit path which does not actually invoke the
6659** underlying sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
6660**
6661** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
6662** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
6663** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
6664** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
6665** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
6666** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
6667** xFileControl method.
6668**
6669** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
6670*/
6671int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
6672
6673/*
6674** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
6675**
6676** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
6677** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
6678** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
6679** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
6680**
6681** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
6682** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
6683** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
6684**
6685** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
6686** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
6687** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
6688** operate consistently from one release to the next.
6689*/
6690int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
6691
6692/*
6693** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
6694**
6695** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
6696** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
6697**
6698** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
6699** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
6700** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
6701** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
6702*/
6703#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
6704#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
6705#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
6706#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
6707#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
6708#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
6709#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
6710#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
6711#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
6712#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
6713#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14
6714#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
6715#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16
6716#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17
6717#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
6718#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
6719#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
6720#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
6721#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
6722#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
6723#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
6724#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
6725#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    25
6726
6727/*
6728** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
6729**
6730** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
6731** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
6732** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
6733** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
6734** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
6735** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
6736** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
6737** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
6738** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
6739** value.  For those parameters
6740** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
6741** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
6742** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
6743**
6744** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
6745** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
6746**
6747** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
6748** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
6749** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
6750**
6751** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
6752*/
6753int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
6754int sqlite3_status64(
6755  int op,
6756  sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
6757  sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
6758  int resetFlag
6759);
6760
6761
6762/*
6763** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
6764** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
6765**
6766** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
6767** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
6768**
6769** <dl>
6770** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
6771** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
6772** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
6773** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
6774** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Scratch memory
6775** controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and auxiliary page-cache
6776** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
6777** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
6778** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
6779**
6780** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
6781** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6782** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
6783** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
6784** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6785** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6786**
6787** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
6788** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
6789** currently checked out.</dd>)^
6790**
6791** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
6792** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
6793** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
6794** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
6795** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
6796**
6797** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
6798** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
6799** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
6800** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
6801** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
6802** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
6803** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
6804** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
6805** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
6806**
6807** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
6808** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6809** handed to [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6810** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6811** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6812**
6813** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
6814** <dd>This parameter returns the number of allocations used out of the
6815** [scratch memory allocator] configured using
6816** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH].  The value returned is in allocations, not
6817** in bytes.  Since a single thread may only have one scratch allocation
6818** outstanding at time, this parameter also reports the number of threads
6819** using scratch memory at the same time.</dd>)^
6820**
6821** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
6822** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of scratch memory
6823** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]
6824** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The values
6825** returned include overflows because the requested allocation was too
6826** larger (that is, because the requested allocation was larger than the
6827** "sz" parameter to [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]) and because no scratch buffer
6828** slots were available.
6829** </dd>)^
6830**
6831** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
6832** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6833** handed to [scratch memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6834** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6835** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6836**
6837** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
6838** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
6839** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
6840** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
6841** </dl>
6842**
6843** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
6844*/
6845#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
6846#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
6847#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
6848#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3
6849#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4
6850#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
6851#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
6852#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
6853#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8
6854#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
6855
6856/*
6857** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
6858** METHOD: sqlite3
6859**
6860** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
6861** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
6862** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
6863** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
6864** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
6865** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
6866** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
6867** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
6868**
6869** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
6870** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
6871** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
6872** reset back down to the current value.
6873**
6874** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
6875** non-zero [error code] on failure.
6876**
6877** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
6878*/
6879int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
6880
6881/*
6882** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
6883** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
6884**
6885** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
6886** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
6887**
6888** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
6889** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
6890** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
6891** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
6892** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
6893**
6894** <dl>
6895** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
6896** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
6897** checked out.</dd>)^
6898**
6899** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
6900** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that were
6901** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6902** the current value is always zero.)^
6903**
6904** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
6905** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
6906** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
6907** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
6908** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
6909** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6910** the current value is always zero.)^
6911**
6912** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
6913** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
6914** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
6915** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
6916** memory already being in use.
6917** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6918** the current value is always zero.)^
6919**
6920** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
6921** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6922** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
6923** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
6924**
6925** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
6926** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
6927** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
6928** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
6929** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
6930** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
6931** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
6932** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
6933** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
6934** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
6935** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
6936**
6937** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
6938** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6939** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
6940** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
6941** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
6942** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
6943** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
6944** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
6945**
6946** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
6947** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6948** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
6949** the database connection.)^
6950** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
6951** </dd>
6952**
6953** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
6954** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
6955** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
6956** is always 0.
6957** </dd>
6958**
6959** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
6960** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
6961** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
6962** is always 0.
6963** </dd>
6964**
6965** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
6966** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
6967** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
6968** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
6969** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
6970** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
6971** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
6972** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
6973** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
6974** </dd>
6975**
6976** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
6977** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
6978** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
6979** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
6980** </dd>
6981** </dl>
6982*/
6983#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
6984#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
6985#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
6986#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
6987#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
6988#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
6989#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
6990#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
6991#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
6992#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
6993#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
6994#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
6995#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 11   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
6996
6997
6998/*
6999** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
7000** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
7001**
7002** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
7003** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
7004** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
7005** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
7006** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
7007** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
7008** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
7009** an index.
7010**
7011** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
7012** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
7013** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
7014** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
7015** to be interrogated.)^
7016** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
7017** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
7018** interface call returns.
7019**
7020** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
7021*/
7022int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
7023
7024/*
7025** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
7026** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
7027**
7028** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
7029** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
7030** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
7031**
7032** <dl>
7033** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
7034** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
7035** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
7036** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
7037** careful use of indices.</dd>
7038**
7039** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
7040** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
7041** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7042** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
7043**
7044** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
7045** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
7046** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
7047** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7048** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
7049** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
7050**
7051** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
7052** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
7053** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
7054** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
7055** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
7056** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
7057** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
7058** </dd>
7059** </dl>
7060*/
7061#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
7062#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
7063#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
7064#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
7065
7066/*
7067** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7068**
7069** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
7070** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
7071** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
7072** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
7073** to the object.
7074**
7075** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7076*/
7077typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
7078
7079/*
7080** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7081**
7082** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
7083** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
7084** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
7085** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
7086**
7087** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7088*/
7089typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
7090struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
7091  void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
7092  void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
7093};
7094
7095/*
7096** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
7097** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
7098**
7099** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
7100** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
7101** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
7102** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
7103** SQLite is used for the page cache.
7104** By implementing a
7105** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
7106** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
7107** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
7108** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
7109** how long.
7110**
7111** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
7112** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
7113** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
7114**
7115** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
7116** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
7117** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
7118** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
7119**
7120** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
7121** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
7122** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
7123** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
7124** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
7125** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
7126** required by the custom page cache implementation.
7127** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
7128** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
7129** page cache.)^
7130**
7131** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
7132** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7133** It can be used to clean up
7134** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
7135** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
7136**
7137** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
7138** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
7139** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
7140** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
7141** in multithreaded applications.
7142**
7143** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
7144** call to xShutdown().
7145**
7146** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
7147** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
7148** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
7149** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
7150** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
7151** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
7152** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
7153** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
7154** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
7155** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
7156** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
7157** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
7158** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
7159** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
7160** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
7161** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
7162** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
7163** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
7164** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
7165** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
7166** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
7167** never contain any unpinned pages.
7168**
7169** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
7170** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
7171** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
7172** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
7173** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
7174** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
7175** value; it is advisory only.
7176**
7177** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
7178** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
7179** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
7180**
7181** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
7182** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
7183** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
7184** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
7185** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
7186** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
7187** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
7188** for each entry in the page cache.
7189**
7190** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
7191** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
7192** to be "pinned".
7193**
7194** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
7195** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
7196** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
7197** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
7198** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
7199**
7200** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
7201** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
7202** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
7203** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
7204**                 Otherwise return NULL.
7205** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
7206**                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
7207** </table>
7208**
7209** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
7210** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
7211** failed.)^  In between the to xFetch() calls, SQLite may
7212** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
7213** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
7214**
7215** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
7216** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
7217** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
7218** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
7219** ^If the discard parameter is
7220** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
7221** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
7222** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
7223**
7224** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
7225** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
7226** to xFetch().
7227**
7228** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
7229** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
7230** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
7231** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
7232** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
7233** to be pinned.
7234**
7235** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
7236** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
7237** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
7238** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
7239** they can be safely discarded.
7240**
7241** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
7242** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
7243** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
7244** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
7245** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
7246** functions.
7247**
7248** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
7249** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
7250** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
7251** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
7252** do their best.
7253*/
7254typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
7255struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
7256  int iVersion;
7257  void *pArg;
7258  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xInit)(void*);
7259  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xShutdown)(void*);
7260  sqlite3_pcache *(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra,
7261                                             int bPurgeable);
7262  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7263  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7264  sqlite3_pcache_page *(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key,
7265                                                 int createFlag);
7266  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
7267                                 int discard);
7268  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
7269                                 unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7270  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7271  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7272  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7273};
7274
7275/*
7276** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
7277** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
7278** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
7279*/
7280typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
7281struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
7282  void *pArg;
7283  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xInit)(void*);
7284  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xShutdown)(void*);
7285  sqlite3_pcache *(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
7286  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7287  int (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7288  void *(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key,
7289                                  int createFlag);
7290  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
7291  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey,
7292                                 unsigned newKey);
7293  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7294  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7295};
7296
7297
7298/*
7299** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
7300**
7301** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
7302** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
7303** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
7304** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
7305**
7306** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7307*/
7308typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
7309
7310/*
7311** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
7312**
7313** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
7314** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
7315** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
7316**
7317** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7318**
7319** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
7320** for the duration of the backup operation.
7321** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
7322** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
7323** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
7324** preventing other database connections from
7325** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
7326**
7327** ^(To perform a backup operation:
7328**   <ol>
7329**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
7330**         backup,
7331**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
7332**         the data between the two databases, and finally
7333**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
7334**         associated with the backup operation.
7335**   </ol>)^
7336** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
7337** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
7338**
7339** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
7340**
7341** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
7342** [database connection] associated with the destination database
7343** and the database name, respectively.
7344** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
7345** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
7346** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
7347** ^The S and M arguments passed to
7348** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
7349** and database name of the source database, respectively.
7350** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
7351** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
7352** an error.
7353**
7354** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
7355** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
7356** destination database.
7357**
7358** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
7359** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
7360** destination [database connection] D.
7361** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
7362** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
7363** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
7364** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
7365** [sqlite3_backup] object.
7366** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
7367** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
7368** operation.
7369**
7370** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
7371**
7372** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
7373** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
7374** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
7375** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
7376** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
7377** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
7378** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
7379** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
7380** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
7381** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
7382** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
7383** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
7384**
7385** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
7386** <ol>
7387** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
7388** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
7389** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
7390** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
7391** destination and source page sizes differ.
7392** </ol>)^
7393**
7394** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
7395** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
7396** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
7397** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
7398** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
7399** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
7400** [database connection]
7401** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
7402** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
7403** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
7404** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
7405** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
7406** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
7407** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
7408** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
7409** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
7410**
7411** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
7412** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
7413** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
7414** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
7415** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
7416** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
7417** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
7418** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
7419** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
7420** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
7421** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
7422** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
7423** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
7424** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
7425** updated at the same time.
7426**
7427** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
7428**
7429** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
7430** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
7431** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7432** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
7433** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
7434** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
7435** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
7436** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
7437** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7438**
7439** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
7440** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
7441** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
7442** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
7443** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
7444** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
7445**
7446** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
7447** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
7448** sqlite3_backup_finish().
7449**
7450** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
7451** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
7452**
7453** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
7454** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
7455** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
7456** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
7457** sqlite3_backup_step().
7458** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
7459** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
7460** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
7461** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7462** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
7463** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
7464**
7465** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
7466**
7467** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
7468** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
7469** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
7470** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
7471** from within other threads.
7472**
7473** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
7474** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
7475** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
7476** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
7477** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
7478** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
7479** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
7480** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
7481**
7482** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
7483** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
7484** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
7485** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
7486** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
7487** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
7488**
7489** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
7490** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
7491** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7492** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
7493** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
7494** possible that they return invalid values.
7495*/
7496sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
7497  sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
7498  const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
7499  sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
7500  const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
7501);
7502int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
7503int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
7504int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
7505int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
7506
7507/*
7508** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
7509** METHOD: sqlite3
7510**
7511** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
7512** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
7513** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
7514** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
7515** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
7516** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
7517** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
7518** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
7519**
7520** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
7521**
7522** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
7523** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
7524**
7525** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
7526** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
7527** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
7528** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
7529** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
7530** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
7531** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
7532** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
7533** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
7534** call that concludes the blocking connections transaction.
7535**
7536** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
7537** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
7538** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
7539** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
7540** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
7541**
7542** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
7543** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
7544** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
7545** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
7546**
7547** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
7548** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
7549** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
7550** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
7551** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
7552** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
7553** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
7554** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
7555**
7556** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
7557** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
7558** crash or deadlock may be the result.
7559**
7560** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
7561** returns SQLITE_OK.
7562**
7563** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
7564**
7565** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
7566** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
7567** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
7568** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
7569** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
7570** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
7571**
7572** When a blocking connections transaction is concluded, there may be
7573** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
7574** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
7575** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
7576** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
7577** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
7578** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
7579** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
7580**
7581** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
7582**
7583** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
7584** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
7585** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
7586** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
7587** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
7588** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
7589** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
7590**
7591** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
7592** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
7593** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
7594** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
7595** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
7596** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
7597** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
7598** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
7599** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
7600** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
7601** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
7602** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
7603**
7604** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
7605**
7606** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
7607** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
7608** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
7609** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
7610** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
7611** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
7612** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
7613** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
7614** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
7615**
7616** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
7617** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
7618** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
7619** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
7620** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
7621*/
7622int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
7623  sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
7624  void (SQLITE_CALLBACK *xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg), /* Callback func */
7625  void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
7626);
7627
7628
7629/*
7630** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
7631**
7632** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
7633** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
7634** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
7635** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
7636*/
7637int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
7638int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
7639
7640/*
7641** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
7642*
7643** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
7644** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
7645** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
7646** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
7647** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
7648** is case sensitive.
7649**
7650** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7651** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7652**
7653** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
7654*/
7655int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
7656
7657/*
7658** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
7659*
7660** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
7661** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
7662** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
7663** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
7664** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
7665** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
7666** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
7667** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
7668** one another.
7669**
7670** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
7671** only ASCII characters are case folded.
7672**
7673** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7674** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7675**
7676** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
7677*/
7678int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
7679
7680/*
7681** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
7682**
7683** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
7684** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
7685** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
7686** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
7687**
7688** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
7689** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
7690** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
7691** is considered bad form.
7692**
7693** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
7694**
7695** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
7696** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
7697** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
7698** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
7699** buffer.
7700*/
7701void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
7702
7703/*
7704** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
7705** METHOD: sqlite3
7706**
7707** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
7708** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
7709**
7710** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
7711** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
7712** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
7713**
7714** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
7715** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
7716** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
7717** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
7718** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
7719** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
7720** including those that were just committed.
7721**
7722** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
7723** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
7724** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
7725** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
7726** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
7727** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
7728** are undefined.
7729**
7730** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
7731** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
7732** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
7733** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
7734** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
7735** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
7736*/
7737void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
7738  sqlite3*,
7739  int(SQLITE_CALLBACK *)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
7740  void*
7741);
7742
7743/*
7744** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
7745** METHOD: sqlite3
7746**
7747** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
7748** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
7749** to automatically [checkpoint]
7750** after committing a transaction if there are N or
7751** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
7752** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
7753** checkpoints entirely.
7754**
7755** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
7756** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
7757** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
7758** configured by this function.
7759**
7760** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
7761** from SQL.
7762**
7763** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
7764** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
7765**
7766** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
7767** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
7768** pages.  The use of this interface
7769** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
7770** for a particular application.
7771*/
7772int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
7773
7774/*
7775** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7776** METHOD: sqlite3
7777**
7778** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
7779** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
7780**
7781** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
7782** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
7783** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
7784** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
7785** information.
7786**
7787** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
7788** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
7789** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
7790** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
7791** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
7792** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
7793*/
7794int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
7795
7796/*
7797** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7798** METHOD: sqlite3
7799**
7800** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
7801** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
7802** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
7803** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
7804**
7805** <dl>
7806** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
7807**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
7808**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
7809**   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
7810**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
7811**   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
7812**   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
7813**
7814** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
7815**   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
7816**   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
7817**   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
7818**   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
7819**   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
7820**   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
7821**
7822** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
7823**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
7824**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
7825**   [busy-handler callback])
7826**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
7827**   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
7828**   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
7829**   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
7830**
7831** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
7832**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
7833**   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
7834**   to a successful return.
7835** </dl>
7836**
7837** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
7838** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
7839** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
7840** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
7841** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
7842** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
7843** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
7844** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
7845** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
7846**
7847** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
7848** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
7849** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
7850** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
7851**
7852** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
7853** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
7854** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
7855** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
7856** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
7857** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
7858** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
7859** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
7860** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
7861** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
7862**
7863** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
7864** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
7865** [database connection] db.  In this case the
7866** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
7867** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
7868** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
7869** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
7870** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
7871** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
7872** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
7873** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
7874**
7875** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
7876** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
7877** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
7878** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
7879**
7880** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
7881** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
7882** sets the error information that is queried by
7883** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
7884**
7885** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
7886** from SQL.
7887*/
7888int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
7889  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
7890  const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
7891  int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
7892  int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
7893  int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
7894);
7895
7896/*
7897** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
7898** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
7899**
7900** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
7901** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
7902** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
7903** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
7904*/
7905#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
7906#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
7907#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
7908#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
7909
7910/*
7911** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
7912**
7913** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
7914** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
7915** various facets of the virtual table interface.
7916**
7917** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
7918** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
7919**
7920** At present, there is only one option that may be configured using
7921** this function. (See [SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT].)  Further options
7922** may be added in the future.
7923*/
7924int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
7925
7926/*
7927** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
7928**
7929** These macros define the various options to the
7930** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
7931** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
7932**
7933** <dl>
7934** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
7935** <dd>Calls of the form
7936** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
7937** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
7938** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
7939** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
7940** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
7941** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
7942** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
7943** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
7944**
7945** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
7946** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
7947** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
7948** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
7949** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
7950** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
7951** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
7952** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
7953** had been ABORT.
7954**
7955** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
7956** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
7957** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
7958** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
7959** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
7960** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
7961** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
7962** constraint handling.
7963** </dl>
7964*/
7965#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
7966
7967/*
7968** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
7969**
7970** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
7971** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
7972** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
7973** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
7974** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
7975** [virtual table].
7976*/
7977int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
7978
7979/*
7980** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
7981** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
7982**
7983** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
7984** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
7985** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
7986**
7987** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
7988** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
7989** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
7990*/
7991#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
7992/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
7993#define SQLITE_FAIL     3
7994/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
7995#define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
7996
7997/*
7998** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
7999** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
8000**
8001** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
8002** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
8003** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
8004**
8005** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
8006** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
8007** S is finalized.
8008**
8009** <dl>
8010** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
8011** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be
8012** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
8013**
8014** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
8015** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8016** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
8017**
8018** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
8019** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8020** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
8021** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
8022** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
8023** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
8024** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
8025**
8026** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
8027** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8028** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
8029** used for the X-th loop.
8030**
8031** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
8032** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8033** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
8034** description for the X-th loop.
8035**
8036** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
8037** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8038** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
8039** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
8040** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
8041** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
8042** </dl>
8043*/
8044#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
8045#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
8046#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
8047#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
8048#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
8049#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
8050
8051/*
8052** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
8053** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8054**
8055** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
8056** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
8057** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
8058** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
8059**
8060** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
8061** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
8062** compile-time option.
8063**
8064** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
8065** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
8066** of this interface is undefined.
8067** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
8068** the "pOut" parameter.
8069** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
8070** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
8071** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
8072** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
8073** points to is unchanged.
8074**
8075** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
8076** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
8077** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
8078** that pOut points to unchanged.
8079**
8080** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
8081*/
8082int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
8083  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
8084  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
8085  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
8086  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
8087);
8088
8089/*
8090** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
8091** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8092**
8093** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
8094**
8095** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
8096** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
8097*/
8098void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
8099
8100/*
8101** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
8102**
8103** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
8104** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
8105** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
8106** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
8107** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
8108** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
8109** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
8110** any [attached] databases.
8111**
8112** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
8113** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
8114** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
8115** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
8116** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
8117** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
8118** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
8119** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
8120**
8121** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
8122** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
8123** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
8124**
8125** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
8126**
8127** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
8128** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
8129*/
8130int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
8131
8132/*
8133** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
8134**
8135** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
8136** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
8137**
8138** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
8139** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
8140** on a [rowid table].
8141** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
8142** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
8143** the previous setting.
8144** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
8145** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
8146** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
8147** the first parameter to callbacks.
8148**
8149** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to [rowid tables]; the preupdate
8150** hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or [WITHOUT ROWID]
8151** tables.
8152**
8153** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
8154** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
8155** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
8156** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to indentify the
8157** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
8158** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
8159** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
8160** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
8161** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
8162** databases.)^
8163** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
8164** table that is being modified.
8165** ^The sixth parameter to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
8166** row being changes for SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE changes and is
8167** undefined for SQLITE_INSERT changes.
8168** ^The seventh parameter to the preupdate callback is the final [rowid] of
8169** the row being changed for SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_INSERT changes and is
8170** undefined for SQLITE_DELETE changes.
8171**
8172** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
8173** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
8174** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
8175** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
8176** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
8177** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
8178** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
8179** behavior.
8180**
8181** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
8182** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
8183**
8184** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
8185** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
8186** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
8187** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
8188** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
8189** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
8190** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
8191** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
8192**
8193** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
8194** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
8195** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
8196** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
8197** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
8198** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
8199** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
8200** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
8201**
8202** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
8203** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
8204** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
8205** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
8206** triggers; and so forth.
8207**
8208** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
8209*/
8210SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
8211  sqlite3 *db,
8212  void(SQLITE_CALLBACK *xPreUpdate)(
8213    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
8214    sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
8215    int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
8216    char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
8217    char const *zName,            /* Table name */
8218    sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
8219    sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
8220  ),
8221  void*
8222);
8223SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
8224SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
8225SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
8226SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
8227
8228/*
8229** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
8230**
8231** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
8232** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
8233** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
8234** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
8235** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
8236** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
8237*/
8238int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
8239
8240/*
8241** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
8242** KEYWORDS: {snapshot}
8243** EXPERIMENTAL
8244**
8245** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
8246** database for some specific point in history.
8247**
8248** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
8249** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
8250** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
8251** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
8252** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
8253** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
8254** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
8255**
8256** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
8257** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
8258** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
8259** the most recent version.
8260**
8261** The constructor for this object is [sqlite3_snapshot_get()].  The
8262** [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] method causes a fresh read transaction to refer
8263** to an historical snapshot (if possible).  The destructor for
8264** sqlite3_snapshot objects is [sqlite3_snapshot_free()].
8265*/
8266typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot sqlite3_snapshot;
8267
8268/*
8269** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
8270** EXPERIMENTAL
8271**
8272** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
8273** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
8274** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
8275** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
8276** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
8277** ^If schema S of [database connection] D is not a [WAL mode] database
8278** that is in a read transaction, then [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)]
8279** leaves the *P value unchanged and returns an appropriate [error code].
8280**
8281** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
8282** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
8283** to avoid a memory leak.
8284**
8285** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
8286** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8287*/
8288SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
8289  sqlite3 *db,
8290  const char *zSchema,
8291  sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
8292);
8293
8294/*
8295** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
8296** EXPERIMENTAL
8297**
8298** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface starts a
8299** read transaction for schema S of
8300** [database connection] D such that the read transaction
8301** refers to historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most
8302** recent change to the database.
8303** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK on success
8304** or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
8305**
8306** ^In order to succeed, a call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] must be
8307** the first operation following the [BEGIN] that takes the schema S
8308** out of [autocommit mode].
8309** ^In other words, schema S must not currently be in
8310** a transaction for [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] to work, but the
8311** database connection D must be out of [autocommit mode].
8312** ^A [snapshot] will fail to open if it has been overwritten by a
8313** [checkpoint].
8314** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
8315** database connection D does not know that the database file for
8316** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
8317** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
8318** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
8319** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
8320** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
8321** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
8322**
8323** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
8324** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8325*/
8326SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
8327  sqlite3 *db,
8328  const char *zSchema,
8329  sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
8330);
8331
8332/*
8333** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
8334** EXPERIMENTAL
8335**
8336** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
8337** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
8338** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
8339**
8340** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
8341** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8342*/
8343SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
8344
8345/*
8346** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
8347** EXPERIMENTAL
8348**
8349** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
8350** of two valid snapshot handles.
8351**
8352** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
8353** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
8354**
8355** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
8356** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
8357** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
8358** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
8359** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
8360** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
8361** is undefined.
8362**
8363** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
8364** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
8365** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
8366*/
8367SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
8368  sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
8369  sqlite3_snapshot *p2
8370);
8371
8372/*
8373** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
8374** builds on processors without floating point support.
8375*/
8376#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
8377# undef double
8378#endif
8379
8380#ifdef __cplusplus
8381}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
8382#endif
8383#endif /* SQLITE3_H */
8384