xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqlite.h.in (revision 4fd82a2a)
1/*
2** 2001-09-15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32*/
33#ifndef SQLITE3_H
34#define SQLITE3_H
35#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36
37/*
38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39*/
40#ifdef __cplusplus
41extern "C" {
42#endif
43
44
45/*
46** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47*/
48#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50#endif
51#ifndef SQLITE_API
52# define SQLITE_API
53#endif
54#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55# define SQLITE_CDECL
56#endif
57#ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58# define SQLITE_APICALL
59#endif
60#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61# define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62#endif
63#ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64# define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65#endif
66#ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67# define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68#endif
69
70/*
71** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
72** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
73** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
74** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
75** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
76**
77** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
78** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
79** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
80** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
81** noop macros.
82*/
83#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
84#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
85
86/*
87** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
88*/
89#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
90# undef SQLITE_VERSION
91#endif
92#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
93# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94#endif
95
96/*
97** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
98**
99** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
100** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
101** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
102** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
103** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
104** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
105** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
106** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
107** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
108** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
109** and Z will be reset to zero.
110**
111** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
112** SQLite source code has been stored in the
113** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
118** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.  If the source code has
119** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
120** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
121**
122** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
123** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
124** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
125*/
126#define SQLITE_VERSION        "--VERS--"
127#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER--
128#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "--SOURCE-ID--"
129
130/*
131** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
132** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
133**
134** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
135** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
136** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
137** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
138** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
139** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
140** compiled with matching library and header files.
141**
142** <blockquote><pre>
143** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
144** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 );
145** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
146** </pre></blockquote>)^
147**
148** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
149** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
150** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
151** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
152** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
153** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
154** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
155** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
156** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.  Except if SQLite is built
157** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters
158** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^
159**
160** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
161*/
162SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
163const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
164const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
165int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
166
167/*
168** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
169**
170** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
171** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
172** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
173** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
174**
175** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
176** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
177** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
178** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
179** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
180** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
181**
182** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
183** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
184** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
185**
186** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
187** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
188*/
189#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
190int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
191const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
192#else
193# define sqlite3_compileoption_used(X) 0
194# define sqlite3_compileoption_get(X)  ((void*)0)
195#endif
196
197/*
198** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
199**
200** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
201** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
202** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
203**
204** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
205** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
206** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
207** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
208** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
209** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
210**
211** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
212** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
213** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
214** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
215**
216** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
217** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
218** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
219**
220** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
221** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
222** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
223** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
224** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
225** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
226** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
227** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
228** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
229** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
230**
231** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
232*/
233int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
234
235/*
236** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
237** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
238**
239** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
240** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
241** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
242** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
243** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
244** interfaces (such as
245** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
246** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
247** sqlite3 object.
248*/
249typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
250
251/*
252** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
253** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
254**
255** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
256** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
257**
258** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
259** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
260** compatibility only.
261**
262** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
263** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
264** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
265** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
266*/
267#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
268  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
269# ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
270    typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
271# else
272    typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
273# endif
274#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
275  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
276  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
277#else
278  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
279  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
280#endif
281typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
282typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
283
284/*
285** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
286** substitute integer for floating-point.
287*/
288#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
289# define double sqlite3_int64
290#endif
291
292/*
293** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
294** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
295**
296** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
297** for the [sqlite3] object.
298** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
299** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
300** resources are deallocated.
301**
302** Ideally, applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all
303** [prepared statements], [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
304** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
305** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
306** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
307** statements, BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then
308** sqlite3_close() will leave the database connection open and return
309** [SQLITE_BUSY]. ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared
310** statements, unclosed BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups,
311** it returns [SQLITE_OK] regardless, but instead of deallocating the database
312** connection immediately, it marks the database connection as an unusable
313** "zombie" and makes arrangements to automatically deallocate the database
314** connection after all prepared statements are finalized, all BLOB handles
315** are closed, and all backups have finished. The sqlite3_close_v2() interface
316** is intended for use with host languages that are garbage collected, and
317** where the order in which destructors are called is arbitrary.
318**
319** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
320** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
321**
322** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
323** must be either a NULL
324** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
325** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
326** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
327** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
328** argument is a harmless no-op.
329*/
330int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
331int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
332
333/*
334** The type for a callback function.
335** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
336** compatibility and is not documented.
337*/
338typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
339
340/*
341** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
342** METHOD: sqlite3
343**
344** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
345** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
346** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
347** without having to use a lot of C code.
348**
349** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
350** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
351** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
352** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
353** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
354** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
355** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
356** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
357** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
358** ignored.
359**
360** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
361** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
362** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
363** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
364** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
365** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
366** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
367** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
368** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
369** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
370** NULL before returning.
371**
372** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
373** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
374** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
375**
376** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
377** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
378** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
379** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
380** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
381** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
382** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
383** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
384** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
385**
386** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
387** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
388** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
389** is not changed.
390**
391** Restrictions:
392**
393** <ul>
394** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
395**      is a valid and open [database connection].
396** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
397**      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
398** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
399**      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
400** </ul>
401*/
402int sqlite3_exec(
403  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
404  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
405  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
406  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
407  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
408);
409
410/*
411** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
412** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
413**
414** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
415** here in order to indicate success or failure.
416**
417** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
418**
419** See also: [extended result code definitions]
420*/
421#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
422/* beginning-of-error-codes */
423#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* Generic error */
424#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
425#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
426#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
427#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
428#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
429#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
430#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
431#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
432#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
433#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
434#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
435#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
436#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
437#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
438#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Internal use only */
439#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
440#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
441#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
442#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
443#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
444#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
445#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
446#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Not used */
447#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
448#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
449#define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
450#define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
451#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
452#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
453/* end-of-error-codes */
454
455/*
456** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
457** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
458**
459** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
460** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
461** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
462** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
463** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
464** and later) include
465** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
466** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
467** on a per database connection basis using the
468** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
469** the most recent error can be obtained using
470** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
471*/
472#define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8))
473#define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY             (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8))
474#define SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT          (SQLITE_ERROR | (3<<8))
475#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
476#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
477#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
478#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
479#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
480#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
481#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
482#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
483#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
484#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
485#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
486#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
487#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
488#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
489#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
490#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
491#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
492#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
493#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
494#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
495#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
496#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
497#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
498#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
499#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
500#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
501#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
502#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
503#define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
504#define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
505#define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
506#define SQLITE_IOERR_DATA              (SQLITE_IOERR | (32<<8))
507#define SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS         (SQLITE_IOERR | (33<<8))
508#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
509#define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
510#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
511#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
512#define SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT            (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (3<<8))
513#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
514#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
515#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
516#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
517#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (5<<8)) /* Not Used */
518#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK        (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (6<<8))
519#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
520#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
521#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX           (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (3<<8))
522#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
523#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
524#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
525#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
526#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
527#define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
528#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
529#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
530#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
531#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
532#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
533#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
534#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
535#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
536#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
537#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
538#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
539#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(11<<8))
540#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
541#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
542#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
543#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
544#define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
545#define SQLITE_OK_SYMLINK              (SQLITE_OK | (2<<8))
546
547/*
548** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
549**
550** These bit values are intended for use in the
551** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
552** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
553*/
554#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
555#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
556#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
557#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
558#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
559#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
560#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
561#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
562#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
563#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
564#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
565#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
566#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
567#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
568#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL    0x00004000  /* VFS only */
569#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
570#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
571#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
572#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
573#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
574#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW         0x01000000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
575
576/* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
577/* Legacy compatibility: */
578#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
579
580
581/*
582** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
583**
584** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
585** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
586** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
587** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
588** refers to.
589**
590** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
591** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
592** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
593** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
594** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
595** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
596** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
597** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
598** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
599** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
600** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
601** file that were written at the application level might have changed
602** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
603** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
604** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
605** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
606** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
607** elevated privileges.
608**
609** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying
610** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those
611** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and
612** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].
613*/
614#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
615#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
616#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
617#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
618#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
619#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
620#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
621#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
622#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
623#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
624#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
625#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
626#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
627#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
628#define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC           0x00004000
629
630/*
631** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
632**
633** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
634** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
635** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
636*/
637#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
638#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
639#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
640#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
641#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
642
643/*
644** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
645**
646** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
647** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
648** these integer values as the second argument.
649**
650** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
651** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
652** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
653** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
654** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
655** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
656**
657** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
658** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
659** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
660** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
661** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
662** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
663** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
664** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
665** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
666** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
667** cares about the difference.)
668*/
669#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
670#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
671#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
672
673/*
674** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
675**
676** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
677** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
678** implementations will
679** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
680** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
681** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
682** I/O operations on the open file.
683*/
684typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
685struct sqlite3_file {
686  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
687};
688
689/*
690** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
691**
692** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
693** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
694** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
695** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
696** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
697**
698** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
699** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
700** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
701** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
702** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
703** to NULL.
704**
705** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
706** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
707** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
708** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
709** and not its inode needs to be synced.
710**
711** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
712** <ul>
713** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
714** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
715** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
716** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
717** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
718** </ul>
719** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
720** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
721** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
722** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
723** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
724**
725** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
726** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
727** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
728** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
729** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
730** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
731** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
732** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
733** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
734** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
735** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
736** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
737** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
738** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
739** recognize.
740**
741** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
742** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
743** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
744** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
745** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
746** underlying device:
747**
748** <ul>
749** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
750** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
751** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
752** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
753** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
754** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
755** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
756** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
757** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
758** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
759** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
760** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
761** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
762** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
763** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC]
764** </ul>
765**
766** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
767** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
768** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
769** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
770** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
771** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
772** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
773** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
774** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
775** to xWrite().
776**
777** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
778** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
779** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
780** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
781** database corruption.
782*/
783typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
784struct sqlite3_io_methods {
785  int iVersion;
786  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
787  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
788  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
789  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
790  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
791  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
792  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
793  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
794  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
795  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
796  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
797  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
798  /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
799  int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
800  int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
801  void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
802  int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
803  /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
804  int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
805  int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
806  /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
807  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
808};
809
810/*
811** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
812** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
813**
814** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
815** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
816** interface.
817**
818** <ul>
819** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
820** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
821** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
822** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
823** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
824** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
825** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
826** compile-time option is used.
827**
828** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
829** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
830** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
831** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
832** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
833** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
834** file run faster.
835**
836** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT]]
837** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] opcode is used by in-memory VFS that
838** implements [sqlite3_deserialize()] to set an upper bound on the size
839** of the in-memory database.  The argument is a pointer to a [sqlite3_int64].
840** If the integer pointed to is negative, then it is filled in with the
841** current limit.  Otherwise the limit is set to the larger of the value
842** of the integer pointed to and the current database size.  The integer
843** pointed to is set to the new limit.
844**
845** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
846** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
847** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
848** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
849** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
850** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
851** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
852** improve performance on some systems.
853**
854** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
855** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
856** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
857** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
858**
859** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
860** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
861** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
862** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
863** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
864**
865** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
866** No longer in use.
867**
868** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
869** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
870** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
871** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
872** because the user has configured SQLite with
873** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
874** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
875** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
876** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
877** string containing the transactions super-journal file name. VFSes that
878** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
879** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
880** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
881**
882** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
883** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
884** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
885** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
886** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
887** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
888** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
889**
890** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
891** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
892** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
893** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
894** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
895** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
896** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
897** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
898** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
899** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
900** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
901** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second
902** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
903** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
904** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
905** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
906**
907** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
908** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
909** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
910** write ahead log ([WAL file]) and shared memory
911** files used for transaction control
912** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
913** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
914** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
915** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
916** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
917** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
918** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
919** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
920** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
921** WAL persistence setting.
922**
923** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
924** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
925** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
926** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
927** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
928** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
929** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
930** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
931** zero-damage mode setting.
932**
933** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
934** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
935** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
936** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
937** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
938**
939** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
940** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
941** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
942** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
943** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
944** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
945** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
946** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
947** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
948** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
949** is intended for diagnostic use only.
950**
951** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
952** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
953** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
954** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
955** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
956** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
957** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
958** upper-most shim only.
959**
960** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
961** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
962** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
963** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
964** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
965** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
966** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
967** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
968** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
969** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
970** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
971** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
972** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
973** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
974** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
975** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
976** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
977** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
978** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
979** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
980** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
981** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
982** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
983** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
984**
985** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
986** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
987** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
988** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
989** to the connection's busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void**)
990** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
991** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connection's
992** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
993** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
994** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
995** current operation.
996**
997** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
998** ^Applications can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
999** to have SQLite generate a
1000** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
1001** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
1002** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
1003** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
1004** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
1005**
1006** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
1007** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
1008** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
1009** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
1010** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
1011** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
1012** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
1013** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
1014** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
1015**
1016** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
1017** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
1018** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
1019** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
1020** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
1021** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
1022** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
1023**
1024** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
1025** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
1026** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
1027** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
1028** was first opened.
1029**
1030** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
1031** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
1032** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
1033** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
1034** writes the resulting value there.
1035**
1036** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
1037** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
1038** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
1039** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
1040** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
1041**
1042** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1043** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1044** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1045** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1046** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1047** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1048**
1049** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1050** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1051** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1052**
1053** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1054** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1055** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1056** this opcode.
1057**
1058** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1059** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then
1060** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which
1061** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done
1062** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].  Systems
1063** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
1064** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to
1065** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or
1066** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make
1067** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor
1068** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method
1069** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT].
1070**
1071** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1072** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1073** operations since the previous successful call to
1074** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically.
1075** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were
1076** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage.
1077** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes
1078** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent
1079** write operations are independent.
1080** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1081** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1082**
1083** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1084** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1085** operations since the previous successful call to
1086** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back.
1087** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode
1088** so that all subsequent write operations are independent.
1089** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1090** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1091**
1092** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT]]
1093** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT] opcode is used to configure a VFS
1094** to block for up to M milliseconds before failing when attempting to
1095** obtain a file lock using the xLock or xShmLock methods of the VFS.
1096** The parameter is a pointer to a 32-bit signed integer that contains
1097** the value that M is to be set to. Before returning, the 32-bit signed
1098** integer is overwritten with the previous value of M.
1099**
1100** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION]]
1101** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] opcode is used to detect changes to
1102** a database file.  The argument is a pointer to a 32-bit unsigned integer.
1103** The "data version" for the pager is written into the pointer.  The
1104** "data version" changes whenever any change occurs to the corresponding
1105** database file, either through SQL statements on the same database
1106** connection or through transactions committed by separate database
1107** connections possibly in other processes. The [sqlite3_total_changes()]
1108** interface can be used to find if any database on the connection has changed,
1109** but that interface responds to changes on TEMP as well as MAIN and does
1110** not provide a mechanism to detect changes to MAIN only.  Also, the
1111** [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface responds to internal changes only and
1112** omits changes made by other database connections.  The
1113** [PRAGMA data_version] command provides a mechanism to detect changes to
1114** a single attached database that occur due to other database connections,
1115** but omits changes implemented by the database connection on which it is
1116** called.  This file control is the only mechanism to detect changes that
1117** happen either internally or externally and that are associated with
1118** a particular attached database.
1119**
1120** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START]]
1121** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1122** in wal mode before the client starts to copy pages from the wal
1123** file to the database file.
1124**
1125** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE]]
1126** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1127** in wal mode after the client has finished copying pages from the wal
1128** file to the database file, but before the *-shm file is updated to
1129** record the fact that the pages have been checkpointed.
1130** </ul>
1131**
1132** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER]]
1133** The EXPERIMENTAL [SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER] opcode is used to detect
1134** whether or not there is a database client in another process with a wal-mode
1135** transaction open on the database or not. It is only available on unix.The
1136** (void*) argument passed with this file-control should be a pointer to a
1137** value of type (int). The integer value is set to 1 if the database is a wal
1138** mode database and there exists at least one client in another process that
1139** currently has an SQL transaction open on the database. It is set to 0 if
1140** the database is not a wal-mode db, or if there is no such connection in any
1141** other process. This opcode cannot be used to detect transactions opened
1142** by clients within the current process, only within other processes.
1143** </ul>
1144*/
1145#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1146#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1147#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1148#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1149#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1150#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1151#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1152#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1153#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1154#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1155#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1156#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1157#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1158#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1159#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1160#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1161#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1162#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1163#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1164#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1165#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1166#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1167#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1168#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1169#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1170#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1171#define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1172#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1173#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1174#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE     31
1175#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE    32
1176#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE  33
1177#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT           34
1178#define SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION           35
1179#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT             36
1180#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE              37
1181#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES          38
1182#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START             39
1183
1184#define SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER        40
1185
1186/* deprecated names */
1187#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1188#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1189#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1190
1191
1192/*
1193** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1194**
1195** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1196** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1197** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1198** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1199**
1200** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1201*/
1202typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1203
1204/*
1205** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1206**
1207** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1208** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1209** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1210** on some platforms.
1211*/
1212typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1213
1214/*
1215** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1216**
1217** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1218** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1219** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1220** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1221**
1222** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto
1223** the end.  Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field
1224** is incremented.  The iVersion value started out as 1 in
1225** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2
1226** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased
1227** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6].  Additional fields
1228** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value
1229** may increase again in future versions of SQLite.
1230** Note that due to an oversight, the structure
1231** of the sqlite3_vfs object changed in the transition from
1232** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0]
1233** and yet the iVersion field was not increased.
1234**
1235** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1236** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1237** a pathname in this VFS.
1238**
1239** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1240** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1241** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1242** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1243** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1244** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1245**
1246** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1247** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1248** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1249** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1250** object once the object has been registered.
1251**
1252** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1253** be unique across all VFS modules.
1254**
1255** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1256** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1257** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1258** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1259** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1260** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1261** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1262** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1263** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1264** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1265** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1266** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1267** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1268** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1269** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1270** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1271**
1272** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1273** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1274** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1275** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1276** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1277** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1278**
1279** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1280** call, depending on the object being opened:
1281**
1282** <ul>
1283** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1284** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1285** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1286** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1287** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1288** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1289** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL]
1290** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1291** </ul>)^
1292**
1293** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1294** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1295** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1296** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1297** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1298** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1299** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1300** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1301**
1302** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1303**
1304** <ul>
1305** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1306** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1307** </ul>
1308**
1309** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1310** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1311** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1312** databases, and subjournals.
1313**
1314** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1315** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1316** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1317** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1318** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1319** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1320** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1321** for exclusive access.
1322**
1323** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1324** to hold the [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1325** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1326** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1327** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1328** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1329** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1330** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1331** or failure of the xOpen call.
1332**
1333** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1334** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1335** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1336** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1337** to test whether a file is at least readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ
1338** flag is never actually used and is not implemented in the built-in
1339** VFSes of SQLite.  The file is named by the second argument and can be a
1340** directory. The xAccess method returns [SQLITE_OK] on success or some
1341** non-zero error code if there is an I/O error or if the name of
1342** the file given in the second argument is illegal.  If SQLITE_OK
1343** is returned, then non-zero or zero is written into *pResOut to indicate
1344** whether or not the file is accessible.
1345**
1346** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1347** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1348** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1349** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1350** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1351** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1352**
1353** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1354** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1355** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1356** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1357** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1358** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1359** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1360** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1361** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1362** a floating point value.
1363** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1364** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1365** a 24-hour day).
1366** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1367** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1368** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1369** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1370**
1371** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1372** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1373** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1374** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1375** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1376** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1377** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1378** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1379** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1380** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1381** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1382*/
1383typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1384typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1385struct sqlite3_vfs {
1386  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1387  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1388  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1389  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1390  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1391  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1392  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1393               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1394  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1395  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1396  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1397  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1398  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1399  void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1400  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1401  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1402  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1403  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1404  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1405  /*
1406  ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1407  ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1408  */
1409  int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1410  /*
1411  ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1412  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1413  */
1414  int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1415  sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1416  const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1417  /*
1418  ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1419  ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1420  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1421  */
1422};
1423
1424/*
1425** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1426**
1427** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1428** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1429** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1430** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1431** simply checks whether the file exists.
1432** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1433** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1434** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1435** the directory).
1436** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1437** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1438** release of SQLite.
1439** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1440** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1441** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1442** SQLite.
1443*/
1444#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1445#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1446#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1447
1448/*
1449** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1450**
1451** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1452** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1453** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1454** xShmLock method:
1455**
1456** <ul>
1457** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1458** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1459** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1460** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1461** </ul>
1462**
1463** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1464** was given on the corresponding lock.
1465**
1466** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1467** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1468** and EXCLUSIVE.
1469*/
1470#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1471#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1472#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1473#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1474
1475/*
1476** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1477**
1478** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1479** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1480** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1481** lock outside of this range
1482*/
1483#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1484
1485
1486/*
1487** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1488**
1489** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1490** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1491** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1492** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1493** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1494** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1495**
1496** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1497** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1498** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1499** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1500** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1501** are harmless no-ops.)^
1502**
1503** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1504** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1505** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1506** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1507**
1508** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1509** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1510** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1511** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1512** sqlite3_shutdown().
1513**
1514** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1515** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1516** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1517**
1518** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1519** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1520** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1521** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1522**
1523** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1524** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1525** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1526** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1527** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1528** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1529** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1530** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1531** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1532** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1533** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1534** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1535** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1536** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1537**
1538** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1539** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1540** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1541** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1542** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1543** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1544** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1545**
1546** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1547** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1548** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1549** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1550** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1551** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1552** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1553** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1554** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1555** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1556** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1557** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1558** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1559** failure.
1560*/
1561int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1562int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1563int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1564int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1565
1566/*
1567** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1568**
1569** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1570** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1571** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1572** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1573** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1574**
1575** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1576** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1577** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1578**
1579** The sqlite3_config() interface
1580** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1581** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1582** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1583** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1584** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1585** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1586**
1587** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1588** [configuration option] that determines
1589** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1590** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1591** in the first argument.
1592**
1593** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1594** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1595** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1596*/
1597int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1598
1599/*
1600** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1601** METHOD: sqlite3
1602**
1603** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1604** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1605** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1606** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1607**
1608** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1609** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1610** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1611** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1612**
1613** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1614** the call is considered successful.
1615*/
1616int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1617
1618/*
1619** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1620**
1621** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1622** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1623**
1624** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1625** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1626** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1627** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1628** By creating an instance of this object
1629** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1630** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1631** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1632** dynamic memory needs.
1633**
1634** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1635** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1636** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1637** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1638** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1639** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1640** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1641** conditions.
1642**
1643** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1644** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1645** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1646** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1647**
1648** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1649** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1650** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1651**
1652** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1653** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1654** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1655** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1656** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1657** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1658** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1659**
1660** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1661** it might allocate any required mutexes or initialize internal data
1662** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1663** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1664** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1665** xInit and xShutdown.
1666**
1667** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN] mutex when it invokes
1668** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1669** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1670** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1671** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1672** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1673** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1674** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1675** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1676** serialization.
1677**
1678** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1679** call to xShutdown().
1680*/
1681typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1682struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1683  void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1684  void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1685  void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1686  int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1687  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1688  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1689  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1690  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1691};
1692
1693/*
1694** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1695** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1696**
1697** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1698** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1699**
1700** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1701** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1702** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1703** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1704** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1705** is invoked.
1706**
1707** <dl>
1708** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1709** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1710** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1711** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1712** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1713** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1714** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1715** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1716** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1717** configuration option.</dd>
1718**
1719** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1720** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1721** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1722** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1723** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1724** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1725** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1726** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1727** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1728** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1729** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1730** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1731** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1732**
1733** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1734** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1735** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1736** all mutexes including the recursive
1737** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1738** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1739** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1740** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1741** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1742** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1743** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1744** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1745** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1746** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1747** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1748**
1749** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1750** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1751** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1752** The argument specifies
1753** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1754** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1755** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1756** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1757**
1758** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1759** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1760** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1761** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1762** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1763** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1764** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1765** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1766**
1767** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC</dt>
1768** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes single argument of
1769** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to
1770** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible.
1771** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations,
1772** but some application might prefer to run slower in exchange for
1773** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large
1774** allocations are avoided.  This hint is normally off.
1775** </dd>
1776**
1777** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1778** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1779** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1780** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1781** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1782**   <ul>
1783**   <li> [sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64()]
1784**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1785**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1786**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1787**   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1788**   </ul>)^
1789** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1790** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1791** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1792** </dd>
1793**
1794** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1795** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used.
1796** </dd>
1797**
1798** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1799** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1800** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1801** cache implementation.
1802** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-defined page
1803** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1804** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1805** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1806** and the number of cache lines (N).
1807** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1808** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1809** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1810** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1811** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1812** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1813** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1814** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1815** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1816** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1817** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1818** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1819** is exhausted.
1820** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1821** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1822** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1823** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1824** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1825** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1826** additional cache line. </dd>
1827**
1828** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1829** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1830** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1831** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1832** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1833** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1834** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1835** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1836** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1837** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1838** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1839** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1840** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1841** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1842** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1843** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1844** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1845** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1846** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1847**
1848** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1849** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1850** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1851** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1852** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1853** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1854** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1855** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1856** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1857** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1858** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1859**
1860** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1861** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1862** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1863** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1864** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1865** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1866** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1867** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1868** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1869** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1870** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1871** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1872**
1873** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1874** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1875** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1876** The first argument is the
1877** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1878** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1879** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1880** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1881** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1882**
1883** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1884** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1885** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1886** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1887** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1888**
1889** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1890** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1891** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1892** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1893**
1894** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1895** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1896** global [error log].
1897** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1898** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1899** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1900** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1901** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1902** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1903** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1904** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1905** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1906** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1907** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1908** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1909** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1910** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1911** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1912** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1913**
1914** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1915** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1916** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1917** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1918** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1919** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1920** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1921** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1922** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1923** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1924** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1925** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1926** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1927**
1928** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1929** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1930** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1931** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1932** ^The default setting is determined
1933** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1934** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1935** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1936** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1937** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1938** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1939** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1940**
1941** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1942** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1943** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1944** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1945** </dd>
1946**
1947** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1948** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1949** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1950** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1951** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1952** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1953** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1954** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1955** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1956** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1957** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1958** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1959** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1960** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1961** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1962** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1963**
1964** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1965** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1966** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1967** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1968** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1969** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1970** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1971** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1972** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1973** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1974** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1975** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1976** changed to its compile-time default.
1977**
1978** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1979** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1980** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1981** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1982** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1983** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1984**
1985** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1986** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1987** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1988** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1989** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1990** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1991** target platform, and SQLite version.
1992**
1993** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1994** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1995** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1996** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1997** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1998** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1999** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
2000** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
2001** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
2002** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
2003**
2004** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
2005** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
2006** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
2007** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
2008** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
2009** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
2010** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
2011** exclusively in memory.
2012** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
2013** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
2014** I/O required to support statement rollback.
2015** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
2016** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
2017**
2018** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE]]
2019** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE
2020** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option accepts a single parameter
2021** of type (int) - the new value of the sorter-reference size threshold.
2022** Usually, when SQLite uses an external sort to order records according
2023** to an ORDER BY clause, all fields required by the caller are present in the
2024** sorted records. However, if SQLite determines based on the declared type
2025** of a table column that its values are likely to be very large - larger
2026** than the configured sorter-reference size threshold - then a reference
2027** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded
2028** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default
2029** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a
2030** negative value for this option restores the default behaviour.
2031** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
2032** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option.
2033**
2034** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE]]
2035** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE
2036** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE option accepts a single parameter
2037** [sqlite3_int64] parameter which is the default maximum size for an in-memory
2038** database created using [sqlite3_deserialize()].  This default maximum
2039** size can be adjusted up or down for individual databases using the
2040** [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] [sqlite3_file_control|file-control].  If this
2041** configuration setting is never used, then the default maximum is determined
2042** by the [SQLITE_MEMDB_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE] compile-time option.  If that
2043** compile-time option is not set, then the default maximum is 1073741824.
2044** </dl>
2045*/
2046#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
2047#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
2048#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
2049#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2050#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2051#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* No longer used */
2052#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
2053#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
2054#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
2055#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2056#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2057/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
2058#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
2059#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
2060#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
2061#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
2062#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
2063#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2064#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2065#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
2066#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
2067#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
2068#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
2069#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
2070#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
2071#define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
2072#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC        27  /* boolean */
2073#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE      28  /* int nByte */
2074#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE       29  /* sqlite3_int64 */
2075
2076/*
2077** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
2078**
2079** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
2080** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
2081**
2082** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
2083** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
2084** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
2085** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
2086** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
2087** is invoked.
2088**
2089** <dl>
2090** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
2091** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
2092** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
2093** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
2094** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
2095** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
2096** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
2097** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
2098** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
2099** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
2100** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
2101** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
2102** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
2103** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
2104** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
2105** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
2106** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
2107** when the "current value" returned by
2108** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
2109** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
2110** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
2111** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
2112**
2113** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]]
2114** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
2115** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
2116** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
2117** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
2118** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
2119** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2120** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
2121** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2122** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
2123**
2124** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER]]
2125** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
2126** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
2127** There should be two additional arguments.
2128** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
2129** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2130** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2131** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
2132** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2133** which case the trigger setting is not reported back.
2134**
2135** <p>Originally this option disabled all triggers.  ^(However, since
2136** SQLite version 3.35.0, TEMP triggers are still allowed even if
2137** this option is off.  So, in other words, this option now only disables
2138** triggers in the main database schema or in the schemas of ATTACH-ed
2139** databases.)^ </dd>
2140**
2141** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW]]
2142** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW</dt>
2143** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE VIEW | views].
2144** There should be two additional arguments.
2145** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable views,
2146** positive to enable views or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2147** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2148** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether views are disabled or enabled
2149** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2150** which case the view setting is not reported back.
2151**
2152** <p>Originally this option disabled all views.  ^(However, since
2153** SQLite version 3.35.0, TEMP views are still allowed even if
2154** this option is off.  So, in other words, this option now only disables
2155** views in the main database schema or in the schemas of ATTACH-ed
2156** databases.)^ </dd>
2157**
2158** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER]]
2159** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
2160** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the
2161** [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
2162** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
2163** There should be two additional arguments.
2164** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
2165** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
2166** unchanged.
2167** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2168** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
2169** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2170** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
2171**
2172** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION]]
2173** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
2174** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
2175** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
2176** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
2177** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
2178** There should be two additional arguments.
2179** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
2180** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
2181** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
2182** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
2183** C-API or the SQL function.
2184** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2185** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
2186** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
2187** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
2188** </dd>
2189**
2190** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
2191** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
2192** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
2193** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
2194** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
2195** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
2196** until after the database connection closes.
2197** </dd>
2198**
2199** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]]
2200** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
2201** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2202** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2203** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2204** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2205** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2206** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2207** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2208** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2209** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2210** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2211** </dd>
2212**
2213** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
2214** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
2215** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,
2216** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless
2217** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations
2218** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries
2219** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
2220** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
2221** was used during testing in the lab.
2222** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2223** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
2224** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2225** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
2226** following this call.
2227** </dd>
2228**
2229** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
2230** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not
2231** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
2232** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
2233** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
2234** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
2235** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2236** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written
2237** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if
2238** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.
2239** </dd>
2240**
2241** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
2242** <dd> Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run
2243** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database
2244** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for
2245** a badly corrupted database file:
2246** <ol>
2247** <li> If the database connection is newly opened, make sure it has read the
2248**      database schema by preparing then discarding some query against the
2249**      database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any
2250**      errors.  This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep
2251**      the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before
2252**      the reset.
2253** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
2254** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
2255** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
2256** </ol>
2257** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the
2258** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to help
2259** ensure that it does not happen by accident.
2260**
2261** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE</dt>
2262** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the
2263** "defensive" flag for a database connection.  When the defensive
2264** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to
2265** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.  The disabled
2266** features include but are not limited to the following:
2267** <ul>
2268** <li> The [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] statement.
2269** <li> The [PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF] statement.
2270** <li> Writes to the [sqlite_dbpage] virtual table.
2271** <li> Direct writes to [shadow tables].
2272** </ul>
2273** </dd>
2274**
2275** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA</dt>
2276** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA option activates or deactivates the
2277** "writable_schema" flag. This has the same effect and is logically equivalent
2278** to setting [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] or [PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF].
2279** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2280** the writable_schema, positive to enable writable_schema, or negative to
2281** leave the setting unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an
2282** integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the writable_schema
2283** is enabled or disabled following this call.
2284** </dd>
2285**
2286** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE]]
2287** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE</dt>
2288** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE option activates or deactivates
2289** the legacy behavior of the [ALTER TABLE RENAME] command such it
2290** behaves as it did prior to [version 3.24.0] (2018-06-04).  See the
2291** "Compatibility Notice" on the [ALTER TABLE RENAME documentation] for
2292** additional information. This feature can also be turned on and off
2293** using the [PRAGMA legacy_alter_table] statement.
2294** </dd>
2295**
2296** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML]]
2297** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML</td>
2298** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML option activates or deactivates
2299** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DML statements
2300** only, that is DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, and UPDATE statements. The
2301** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2302** compile-time option.
2303** </dd>
2304**
2305** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL]]
2306** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</td>
2307** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates
2308** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements,
2309** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The
2310** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2311** compile-time option.
2312** </dd>
2313**
2314** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA]]
2315** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA</td>
2316** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option tells SQLite to
2317** assume that database schemas are untainted by malicious content.
2318** When the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option is disabled, SQLite
2319** takes additional defensive steps to protect the application from harm
2320** including:
2321** <ul>
2322** <li> Prohibit the use of SQL functions inside triggers, views,
2323** CHECK constraints, DEFAULT clauses, expression indexes,
2324** partial indexes, or generated columns
2325** unless those functions are tagged with [SQLITE_INNOCUOUS].
2326** <li> Prohibit the use of virtual tables inside of triggers or views
2327** unless those virtual tables are tagged with [SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS].
2328** </ul>
2329** This setting defaults to "on" for legacy compatibility, however
2330** all applications are advised to turn it off if possible. This setting
2331** can also be controlled using the [PRAGMA trusted_schema] statement.
2332** </dd>
2333**
2334** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT]]
2335** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT</td>
2336** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT option activates or deactivates
2337** the legacy file format flag.  When activated, this flag causes all newly
2338** created database file to have a schema format version number (the 4-byte
2339** integer found at offset 44 into the database header) of 1.  This in turn
2340** means that the resulting database file will be readable and writable by
2341** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]).  Without this setting,
2342** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions
2343** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]).  As these words are written, there
2344** is now scarcely any need to generated database files that are compatible
2345** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little
2346** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the
2347** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with  version
2348** 3.0.0.
2349** <p>Note that when the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT setting is on,
2350** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to
2351** process a table with generated columns and a descending index.  This is
2352** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support
2353** either generated columns or decending indexes.
2354** </dd>
2355** </dl>
2356*/
2357#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2358#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2359#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2360#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2361#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2362#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2363#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2364#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           1007 /* int int* */
2365#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           1008 /* int int* */
2366#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
2367#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
2368#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       1011 /* int int* */
2369#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    1012 /* int int* */
2370#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               1013 /* int int* */
2371#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               1014 /* int int* */
2372#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           1015 /* int int* */
2373#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    1016 /* int int* */
2374#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA        1017 /* int int* */
2375#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1017 /* Largest DBCONFIG */
2376
2377/*
2378** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2379** METHOD: sqlite3
2380**
2381** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2382** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2383** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2384*/
2385int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2386
2387/*
2388** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2389** METHOD: sqlite3
2390**
2391** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2392** has a unique 64-bit signed
2393** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2394** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2395** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2396** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2397** is another alias for the rowid.
2398**
2399** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2400** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2401** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2402** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2403** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2404** zero.
2405**
2406** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2407** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2408** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2409**
2410** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2411** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2412** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2413** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2414** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2415** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2416** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2417** control to the user.
2418**
2419** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2420** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2421** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2422** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2423**
2424** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2425** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2426** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2427** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2428** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2429** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2430** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2431** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2432** the return value of this interface.)^
2433**
2434** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2435** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2436**
2437** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2438** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2439**
2440** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2441** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2442** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2443** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2444** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2445** last insert [rowid].
2446*/
2447sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2448
2449/*
2450** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2451** METHOD: sqlite3
2452**
2453** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2454** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2455** without inserting a row into the database.
2456*/
2457void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2458
2459/*
2460** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2461** METHOD: sqlite3
2462**
2463** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
2464** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2465** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2466** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
2467** returned by this function.
2468**
2469** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2470** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2471** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2472**
2473** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2474** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2475** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2476** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2477** tables are counted.
2478**
2479** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2480** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2481** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2482** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2483**
2484** <ul>
2485**   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2486**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2487**        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2488**
2489**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2490**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2491**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2492**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2493**        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2494** </ul>
2495**
2496** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2497** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2498** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2499** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2500** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2501** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2502**
2503** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2504** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2505** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2506**
2507** See also:
2508** <ul>
2509** <li> the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface
2510** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2511** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2512** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2513** </ul>
2514*/
2515int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2516
2517/*
2518** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2519** METHOD: sqlite3
2520**
2521** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2522** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2523** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2524** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2525** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2526**
2527** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2528** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2529** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2530** are not counted.
2531**
2532** The [sqlite3_total_changes(D)] interface only reports the number
2533** of rows that changed due to SQL statement run against database
2534** connection D.  Any changes by other database connections are ignored.
2535** To detect changes against a database file from other database
2536** connections use the [PRAGMA data_version] command or the
2537** [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control].
2538**
2539** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2540** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2541** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2542**
2543** See also:
2544** <ul>
2545** <li> the [sqlite3_changes()] interface
2546** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2547** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2548** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2549** <li> the [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control]
2550** </ul>
2551*/
2552int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2553
2554/*
2555** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2556** METHOD: sqlite3
2557**
2558** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2559** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2560** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2561** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2562** immediately.
2563**
2564** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2565** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2566** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2567** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2568**
2569** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2570** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2571** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2572**
2573** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2574** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2575** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2576** will be rolled back automatically.
2577**
2578** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2579** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2580** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2581** running statement count reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2582** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2583** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2584** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2585** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2586** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2587** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2588*/
2589void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2590
2591/*
2592** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2593**
2594** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2595** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2596** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2597** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2598** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2599** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2600** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2601** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2602** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2603** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2604** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2605**
2606** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2607** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2608**
2609** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2610** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2611**
2612** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2613** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2614** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2615** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2616** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2617**
2618** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2619** UTF-8 string.
2620**
2621** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2622** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2623*/
2624int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2625int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2626
2627/*
2628** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2629** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2630** METHOD: sqlite3
2631**
2632** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2633** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2634** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2635** [database connection] D when another thread
2636** or process has the table locked.
2637** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2638** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2639**
2640** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2641** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2642** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2643**
2644** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2645** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2646** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2647** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2648** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2649** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2650** to the application.
2651** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2652** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2653**
2654** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2655** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2656** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2657** to the application instead of invoking the
2658** busy handler.
2659** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2660** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2661** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2662** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2663** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2664** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2665** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2666** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2667** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2668** the second process to proceed.
2669**
2670** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2671**
2672** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2673** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2674** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2675** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2676** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2677**
2678** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2679** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2680** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2681** result in undefined behavior.
2682**
2683** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2684** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2685*/
2686int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2687
2688/*
2689** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2690** METHOD: sqlite3
2691**
2692** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2693** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2694** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2695** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2696** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2697** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2698**
2699** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2700** turns off all busy handlers.
2701**
2702** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2703** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2704** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2705** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2706**
2707** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2708*/
2709int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2710
2711/*
2712** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2713** METHOD: sqlite3
2714**
2715** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2716** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2717**
2718** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2719** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2720** complete query results from one or more queries.
2721**
2722** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2723** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2724** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2725** and M be the number of columns.
2726**
2727** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2728** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2729** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2730** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2731** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2732** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2733**
2734** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2735** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2736** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2737**
2738** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2739** is as follows:
2740**
2741** <blockquote><pre>
2742**        Name        | Age
2743**        -----------------------
2744**        Alice       | 43
2745**        Bob         | 28
2746**        Cindy       | 21
2747** </pre></blockquote>
2748**
2749** There are two columns (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2750** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2751** in an array named azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2752**
2753** <blockquote><pre>
2754**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2755**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2756**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2757**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2758**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2759**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2760**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2761**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2762** </pre></blockquote>)^
2763**
2764** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2765** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2766** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2767** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2768**
2769** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2770** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2771** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2772** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2773** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2774** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2775**
2776** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2777** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2778** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2779** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2780** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2781** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2782** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2783*/
2784int sqlite3_get_table(
2785  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2786  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2787  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2788  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2789  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2790  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2791);
2792void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2793
2794/*
2795** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2796**
2797** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2798** from the standard C library.
2799** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from
2800** the standard library printf()
2801** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]).
2802** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details.
2803**
2804** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2805** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()].
2806** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2807** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2808** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough
2809** memory to hold the resulting string.
2810**
2811** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2812** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2813** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2814** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2815** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2816** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2817** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2818** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2819** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2820** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2821** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2822** now without breaking compatibility.
2823**
2824** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2825** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2826** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2827** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2828** written will be n-1 characters.
2829**
2830** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2831**
2832** See also:  [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function]
2833*/
2834char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2835char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2836char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2837char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2838
2839/*
2840** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2841**
2842** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2843** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2844** does not include operating-system specific [VFS] implementation.  The
2845** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2846**
2847** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2848** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2849** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2850** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2851** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2852** a NULL pointer.
2853**
2854** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2855** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2856** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2857**
2858** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2859** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2860** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2861** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2862** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2863** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2864** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2865** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2866** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2867** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2868**
2869** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2870** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2871** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2872** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2873** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2874** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2875** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2876** sqlite3_free(X).
2877** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2878** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2879** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2880** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2881** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2882** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2883** prior allocation is not freed.
2884**
2885** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2886** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2887** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2888**
2889** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2890** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2891** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2892** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2893** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2894** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2895** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2896** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2897** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2898**
2899** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2900** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2901** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2902** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2903** option is used.
2904**
2905** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2906** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2907** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2908** not yet been released.
2909**
2910** The application must not read or write any part of
2911** a block of memory after it has been released using
2912** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2913*/
2914void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2915void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2916void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2917void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2918void sqlite3_free(void*);
2919sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2920
2921/*
2922** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2923**
2924** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2925** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2926** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2927**
2928** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2929** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2930** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2931** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2932** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2933** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2934** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2935** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2936** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2937**
2938** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2939** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2940** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2941** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2942** prior to the reset.
2943*/
2944sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2945sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2946
2947/*
2948** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2949**
2950** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2951** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2952** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2953** the built-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2954** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2955**
2956** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2957** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2958**
2959** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2960** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2961** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2962** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2963** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2964** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2965** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2966** method.
2967*/
2968void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2969
2970/*
2971** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2972** METHOD: sqlite3
2973** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback}
2974**
2975** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2976** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2977** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2978** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2979** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
2980** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].  ^At various
2981** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2982** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2983** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2984** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2985** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2986** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2987** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2988** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2989** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2990** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2991**
2992** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2993** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2994** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2995** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2996** access is denied.
2997**
2998** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2999** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
3000** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
3001** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
3002** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings
3003** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized.
3004** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any
3005** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback.
3006**
3007** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
3008** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
3009** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
3010** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
3011** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
3012** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
3013** columns of a table.
3014** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are
3015** extracted from that table (for example in a query like
3016** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback
3017** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string.
3018** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
3019** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
3020** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
3021**
3022** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
3023** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
3024** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
3025** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
3026** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
3027** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
3028** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
3029** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
3030** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
3031** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
3032**
3033** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
3034** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
3035** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
3036** in addition to using an authorizer.
3037**
3038** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
3039** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
3040** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
3041** The authorizer is disabled by default.
3042**
3043** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
3044** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
3045** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3046** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3047**
3048** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
3049** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
3050** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
3051** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
3052**
3053** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
3054** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
3055** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
3056** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
3057** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
3058*/
3059int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
3060  sqlite3*,
3061  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
3062  void *pUserData
3063);
3064
3065/*
3066** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
3067**
3068** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
3069** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
3070** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
3071** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
3072** information.
3073**
3074** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
3075** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
3076*/
3077#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
3078#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
3079
3080/*
3081** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
3082**
3083** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
3084** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
3085** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
3086** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
3087** the authorizer callback may be passed.
3088**
3089** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
3090** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
3091** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
3092** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
3093** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
3094** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
3095** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
3096** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
3097** top-level SQL code.
3098*/
3099/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
3100#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3101#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3102#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3103#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3104#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3105#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
3106#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3107#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
3108#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3109#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3110#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3111#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3112#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3113#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3114#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
3115#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3116#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
3117#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3118#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
3119#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3120#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
3121#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
3122#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3123#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
3124#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
3125#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
3126#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
3127#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3128#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3129#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3130#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
3131#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
3132#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
3133#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
3134
3135/*
3136** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
3137** METHOD: sqlite3
3138**
3139** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
3140** instead of the routines described here.
3141**
3142** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
3143** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
3144**
3145** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
3146** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
3147** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
3148** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
3149** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
3150** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
3151** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
3152**
3153** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
3154** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
3155**
3156** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
3157** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
3158** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
3159** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
3160** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
3161** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
3162** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
3163** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  Invoking
3164** either [sqlite3_trace()] or [sqlite3_trace_v2()] will cancel the
3165** profile callback.
3166*/
3167SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
3168   void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
3169SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
3170   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
3171
3172/*
3173** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
3174** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
3175**
3176** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
3177** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The M argument
3178** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
3179** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
3180** is one of the following constants.
3181**
3182** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
3183**
3184** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
3185** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
3186** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
3187** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
3188** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3189**
3190** <dl>
3191** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
3192** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
3193** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
3194** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
3195** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
3196** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
3197** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
3198** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
3199** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
3200** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
3201** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
3202**
3203** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
3204** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
3205** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
3206** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3207** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
3208** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
3209** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
3210**
3211** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
3212** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
3213** statement generates a single row of result.
3214** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3215** X argument is unused.
3216**
3217** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
3218** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
3219** connection closes.
3220** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
3221** and the X argument is unused.
3222** </dl>
3223*/
3224#define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
3225#define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
3226#define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
3227#define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
3228
3229/*
3230** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
3231** METHOD: sqlite3
3232**
3233** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
3234** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
3235** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
3236** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
3237** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
3238** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
3239**
3240** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
3241** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
3242**
3243** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
3244** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
3245** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
3246** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
3247**
3248** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
3249** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
3250** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
3251** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
3252** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3253**
3254** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
3255** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
3256** are deprecated.
3257*/
3258int sqlite3_trace_v2(
3259  sqlite3*,
3260  unsigned uMask,
3261  int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
3262  void *pCtx
3263);
3264
3265/*
3266** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
3267** METHOD: sqlite3
3268**
3269** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
3270** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
3271** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
3272** database connection D.  An example use for this
3273** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
3274**
3275** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
3276** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
3277** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
3278** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
3279** handler is disabled.
3280**
3281** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
3282** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
3283** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
3284** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
3285** than 1.
3286**
3287** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
3288** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
3289** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
3290**
3291** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
3292** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
3293** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3294** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3295**
3296*/
3297void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
3298
3299/*
3300** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
3301** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3302**
3303** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3304** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3305** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3306** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3307** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3308** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3309** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3310** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3311** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3312** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3313** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3314** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3315**
3316** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3317** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3318** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3319**
3320** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3321** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3322** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3323**
3324** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3325** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3326** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3327** sqlite3_open_v2() must include, at a minimum, one of the following
3328** three flag combinations:)^
3329**
3330** <dl>
3331** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3332** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3333** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3334**
3335** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3336** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3337** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3338** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3339**
3340** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3341** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3342** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3343** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3344** </dl>
3345**
3346** In addition to the required flags, the following optional flags are
3347** also supported:
3348**
3349** <dl>
3350** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_URI]</dt>
3351** <dd>The filename can be interpreted as a URI if this flag is set.</dd>)^
3352**
3353** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY]</dt>
3354** <dd>The database will be opened as an in-memory database.  The database
3355** is named by the "filename" argument for the purposes of cache-sharing,
3356** if shared cache mode is enabled, but the "filename" is otherwise ignored.
3357** </dd>)^
3358**
3359** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX]</dt>
3360** <dd>The new database connection will use the "multi-thread"
3361** [threading mode].)^  This means that separate threads are allowed
3362** to use SQLite at the same time, as long as each thread is using
3363** a different [database connection].
3364**
3365** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX]</dt>
3366** <dd>The new database connection will use the "serialized"
3367** [threading mode].)^  This means the multiple threads can safely
3368** attempt to use the same database connection at the same time.
3369** (Mutexes will block any actual concurrency, but in this mode
3370** there is no harm in trying.)
3371**
3372** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE]</dt>
3373** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] enabled, overriding
3374** the default shared cache setting provided by
3375** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3376**
3377** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE]</dt>
3378** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] disabled, overriding
3379** the default shared cache setting provided by
3380** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3381**
3382** [[OPEN_NOFOLLOW]] ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW]</dt>
3383** <dd>The database filename is not allowed to be a symbolic link</dd>
3384** </dl>)^
3385**
3386** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3387** required combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3388** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3389** then the behavior is undefined.
3390**
3391** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3392** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3393** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3394** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3395**
3396** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3397** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3398** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3399** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3400** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3401** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3402** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3403**
3404** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3405** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3406** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3407**
3408** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3409**
3410** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3411** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3412** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3413** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3414** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3415** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3416** URI filename interpretation is turned off
3417** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3418** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3419** information.
3420**
3421** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3422** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3423** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3424** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3425** present, is ignored.
3426**
3427** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3428** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3429** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3430** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3431** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3432** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3433** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3434**
3435** [[core URI query parameters]]
3436** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3437** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3438** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3439** following query parameters:
3440**
3441** <ul>
3442**   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3443**     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3444**     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3445**     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3446**     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3447**     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3448**     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3449**
3450**   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3451**     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3452**     an error)^.
3453**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3454**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3455**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3456**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3457**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3458**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3459**     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3460**     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3461**     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3462**     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3463**     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3464**
3465**   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3466**     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3467**     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3468**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3469**     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3470**     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3471**     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3472**     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3473**
3474**  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3475**     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3476**     storage media on which the database file resides.
3477**
3478**  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3479**     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3480**     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3481**     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3482**     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3483**     processes uses nolock=1.
3484**
3485**  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3486**     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3487**     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3488**     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3489**     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3490**     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3491**     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3492**     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3493**     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3494**
3495** </ul>
3496**
3497** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3498** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3499** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3500** additional information.
3501**
3502** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3503**
3504** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3505** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3506** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3507**          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3508** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3509**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3510**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3511**          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3512** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3513**          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3514** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3515**          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3516**     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3517**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3518**          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3519**          in URI filenames.
3520** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3521**          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3522**          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3523**          default, use a private cache.
3524** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3525**          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3526**          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3527** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3528**          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3529**          Use "ro" instead:  "file:data.db?mode=ro".
3530** </table>
3531**
3532** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3533** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3534** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3535** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3536** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3537** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3538** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3539** the results are undefined.
3540**
3541** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3542** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3543** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3544** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3545** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3546**
3547** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3548** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3549** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3550**
3551** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3552*/
3553int sqlite3_open(
3554  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3555  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3556);
3557int sqlite3_open16(
3558  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3559  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3560);
3561int sqlite3_open_v2(
3562  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3563  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3564  int flags,              /* Flags */
3565  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3566);
3567
3568/*
3569** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3570**
3571** These are utility routines, useful to [VFS|custom VFS implementations],
3572** that check if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3573** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3574**
3575** The first parameter to these interfaces (hereafter referred to
3576** as F) must be one of:
3577** <ul>
3578** <li> A database filename pointer created by the SQLite core and
3579** passed into the xOpen() method of a VFS implemention, or
3580** <li> A filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], or
3581** <li> A new filename constructed using [sqlite3_create_filename()].
3582** </ul>
3583** If the F parameter is not one of the above, then the behavior is
3584** undefined and probably undesirable.  Older versions of SQLite were
3585** more tolerant of invalid F parameters than newer versions.
3586**
3587** If F is a suitable filename (as described in the previous paragraph)
3588** and if P is the name of the query parameter, then
3589** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3590** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3591** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F and it
3592** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3593** a pointer to an empty string.
3594**
3595** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3596** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3597** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3598** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3599** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3600** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3601** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3602** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3603** parameter on F or if the value of P does not match any of the
3604** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3605**
3606** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3607** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3608** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3609** zero is returned.
3610**
3611** The sqlite3_uri_key(F,N) returns a pointer to the name (not
3612** the value) of the N-th query parameter for filename F, or a NULL
3613** pointer if N is less than zero or greater than the number of query
3614** parameters minus 1.  The N value is zero-based so N should be 0 to obtain
3615** the name of the first query parameter, 1 for the second parameter, and
3616** so forth.
3617**
3618** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3619** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3620** is not a database file pathname pointer that the SQLite core passed
3621** into the xOpen VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined
3622** and probably undesirable.
3623**
3624** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.31.0] ([dateof:3.31.0]) the input F
3625** parameter can also be the name of a rollback journal file or WAL file
3626** in addition to the main database file.  Prior to version 3.31.0, these
3627** routines would only work if F was the name of the main database file.
3628** When the F parameter is the name of the rollback journal or WAL file,
3629** it has access to all the same query parameters as were found on the
3630** main database file.
3631**
3632** See the [URI filename] documentation for additional information.
3633*/
3634const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3635int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3636sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3637const char *sqlite3_uri_key(const char *zFilename, int N);
3638
3639/*
3640** CAPI3REF:  Translate filenames
3641**
3642** These routines are available to [VFS|custom VFS implementations] for
3643** translating filenames between the main database file, the journal file,
3644** and the WAL file.
3645**
3646** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3647** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, then sqlite3_filename_database(F)
3648** returns the name of the corresponding database file.
3649**
3650** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3651** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database filename
3652** obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then sqlite3_filename_journal(F)
3653** returns the name of the corresponding rollback journal file.
3654**
3655** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3656** that was passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database
3657** filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then
3658** sqlite3_filename_wal(F) returns the name of the corresponding
3659** WAL file.
3660**
3661** In all of the above, if F is not the name of a database, journal or WAL
3662** filename passed into the VFS from the SQLite core and F is not the
3663** return value from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then the result is
3664** undefined and is likely a memory access violation.
3665*/
3666const char *sqlite3_filename_database(const char*);
3667const char *sqlite3_filename_journal(const char*);
3668const char *sqlite3_filename_wal(const char*);
3669
3670/*
3671** CAPI3REF:  Database File Corresponding To A Journal
3672**
3673** ^If X is the name of a rollback or WAL-mode journal file that is
3674** passed into the xOpen method of [sqlite3_vfs], then
3675** sqlite3_database_file_object(X) returns a pointer to the [sqlite3_file]
3676** object that represents the main database file.
3677**
3678** This routine is intended for use in custom [VFS] implementations
3679** only.  It is not a general-purpose interface.
3680** The argument sqlite3_file_object(X) must be a filename pointer that
3681** has been passed into [sqlite3_vfs].xOpen method where the
3682** flags parameter to xOpen contains one of the bits
3683** [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL] or [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL].  Any other use
3684** of this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable
3685** behavior.
3686*/
3687sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*);
3688
3689/*
3690** CAPI3REF: Create and Destroy VFS Filenames
3691**
3692** These interfces are provided for use by [VFS shim] implementations and
3693** are not useful outside of that context.
3694**
3695** The sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) allocates memory to hold a version of
3696** database filename D with corresponding journal file J and WAL file W and
3697** with N URI parameters key/values pairs in the array P.  The result from
3698** sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) is a pointer to a database filename that
3699** is safe to pass to routines like:
3700** <ul>
3701** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()],
3702** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()],
3703** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()],
3704** <li> [sqlite3_uri_key()],
3705** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()],
3706** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()], or
3707** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()].
3708** </ul>
3709** If a memory allocation error occurs, sqlite3_create_filename() might
3710** return a NULL pointer.  The memory obtained from sqlite3_create_filename(X)
3711** must be released by a corresponding call to sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3712**
3713** The P parameter in sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) should be an array
3714** of 2*N pointers to strings.  Each pair of pointers in this array corresponds
3715** to a key and value for a query parameter.  The P parameter may be a NULL
3716** pointer if N is zero.  None of the 2*N pointers in the P array may be
3717** NULL pointers and key pointers should not be empty strings.
3718** None of the D, J, or W parameters to sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) may
3719** be NULL pointers, though they can be empty strings.
3720**
3721** The sqlite3_free_filename(Y) routine releases a memory allocation
3722** previously obtained from sqlite3_create_filename().  Invoking
3723** sqlite3_free_filename(Y) where Y is a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
3724**
3725** If the Y parameter to sqlite3_free_filename(Y) is anything other
3726** than a NULL pointer or a pointer previously acquired from
3727** sqlite3_create_filename(), then bad things such as heap
3728** corruption or segfaults may occur. The value Y should not be
3729** used again after sqlite3_free_filename(Y) has been called.  This means
3730** that if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen()] method of a VFS has been called using Y,
3731** then the corresponding [sqlite3_module.xClose() method should also be
3732** invoked prior to calling sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3733*/
3734char *sqlite3_create_filename(
3735  const char *zDatabase,
3736  const char *zJournal,
3737  const char *zWal,
3738  int nParam,
3739  const char **azParam
3740);
3741void sqlite3_free_filename(char*);
3742
3743/*
3744** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3745** METHOD: sqlite3
3746**
3747** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3748** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3749** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3750** API call.
3751** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3752** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3753** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3754** disabled.
3755**
3756** The values returned by sqlite3_errcode() and/or
3757** sqlite3_extended_errcode() might change with each API call.
3758** Except, there are some interfaces that are guaranteed to never
3759** change the value of the error code.  The error-code preserving
3760** interfaces are:
3761**
3762** <ul>
3763** <li> sqlite3_errcode()
3764** <li> sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3765** <li> sqlite3_errmsg()
3766** <li> sqlite3_errmsg16()
3767** </ul>
3768**
3769** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3770** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3771** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3772** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3773** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3774** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3775**
3776** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3777** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3778** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3779** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3780**
3781** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3782** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3783** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3784** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3785** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3786** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3787** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3788** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3789** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3790**
3791** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3792** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3793** error code and message may or may not be set.
3794*/
3795int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3796int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3797const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3798const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3799const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3800
3801/*
3802** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3803** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3804**
3805** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3806** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3807**
3808** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3809** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3810** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3811** prepared statement before it can be run.
3812**
3813** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3814**
3815** <ol>
3816** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3817** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3818**      interfaces.
3819** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3820** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3821**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3822** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3823** </ol>
3824*/
3825typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3826
3827/*
3828** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3829** METHOD: sqlite3
3830**
3831** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3832** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3833** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3834** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3835** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3836** new limit for that construct.)^
3837**
3838** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3839** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3840** [limits | hard upper bound]
3841** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3842** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3843** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3844** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3845** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3846**
3847** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3848** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3849** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3850** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3851**
3852** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3853** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3854** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3855** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3856** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3857** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3858** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3859** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3860** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3861** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3862** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3863** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3864**
3865** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3866*/
3867int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3868
3869/*
3870** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3871** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3872**
3873** These constants define various performance limits
3874** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3875** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3876** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3877**
3878** <dl>
3879** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3880** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3881**
3882** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3883** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3884**
3885** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3886** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3887** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3888** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3889**
3890** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3891** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3892**
3893** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3894** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3895**
3896** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3897** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3898** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3899** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3900** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3901**
3902** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3903** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3904**
3905** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3906** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3907**
3908** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3909** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3910** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3911** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3912**
3913** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3914** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3915** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3916**
3917** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3918** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3919**
3920** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3921** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3922** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3923** </dl>
3924*/
3925#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3926#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3927#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3928#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3929#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3930#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3931#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3932#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3933#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3934#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3935#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3936#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3937
3938/*
3939** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags
3940**
3941** These constants define various flags that can be passed into
3942** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and
3943** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces.
3944**
3945** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite.
3946**
3947** <dl>
3948** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT</dt>
3949** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner
3950** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and
3951** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
3952** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will
3953** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
3954** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
3955** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
3956** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of
3957** SQLite may act on this hint differently.
3958**
3959** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE</dt>
3960** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE flag is a no-op. This flag used
3961** to be required for any prepared statement that wanted to use the
3962** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface.  However, the
3963** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface is now available to all
3964** prepared statements, regardless of whether or not they use this
3965** flag.
3966**
3967** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB</dt>
3968** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB flag causes the SQL compiler
3969** to return an error (error code SQLITE_ERROR) if the statement uses
3970** any virtual tables.
3971** </dl>
3972*/
3973#define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT              0x01
3974#define SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE               0x02
3975#define SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB                 0x04
3976
3977/*
3978** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3979** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3980** METHOD: sqlite3
3981** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3982**
3983** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3984** program using one of these routines.  Or, in other words, these routines
3985** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object.
3986**
3987** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].  The
3988** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided.
3989** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra "prepFlags" option that is used
3990** for special purposes.
3991**
3992** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently
3993** does all parsing using UTF-8.  The UTF-16 interfaces are provided
3994** as a convenience.  The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the
3995** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface.
3996**
3997** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3998** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3999** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
4000**
4001** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
4002** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(),
4003** and sqlite3_prepare_v3()
4004** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4005** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16.
4006**
4007** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
4008** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
4009** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
4010** statement is generated.
4011** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
4012** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
4013** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
4014** the nul-terminator.
4015**
4016** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
4017** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
4018** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
4019** what remains uncompiled.
4020**
4021** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
4022** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
4023** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
4024** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
4025** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
4026** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
4027** ppStmt may not be NULL.
4028**
4029** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
4030** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
4031**
4032** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4033** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs.
4034** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16())
4035** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
4036** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement
4037** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
4038** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
4039** behave differently in three ways:
4040**
4041** <ol>
4042** <li>
4043** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
4044** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
4045** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
4046** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
4047** </li>
4048**
4049** <li>
4050** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
4051** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
4052** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
4053** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
4054** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
4055** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
4056** </li>
4057**
4058** <li>
4059** ^If the specific value bound to a [parameter | host parameter] in the
4060** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
4061** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
4062** a schema change, on the first [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
4063** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
4064** ^The specific value of a WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
4065** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
4066** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
4067** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4] compile-time option is enabled.
4068** </li>
4069** </ol>
4070**
4071** <p>^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having
4072** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or
4073** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags.  ^The
4074** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as
4075** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter.
4076*/
4077int sqlite3_prepare(
4078  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4079  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4080  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4081  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4082  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4083);
4084int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
4085  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4086  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4087  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4088  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4089  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4090);
4091int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
4092  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4093  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4094  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4095  unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4096  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4097  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4098);
4099int sqlite3_prepare16(
4100  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4101  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4102  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4103  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4104  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4105);
4106int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
4107  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4108  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4109  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4110  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4111  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4112);
4113int sqlite3_prepare16_v3(
4114  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4115  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4116  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4117  unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4118  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4119  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4120);
4121
4122/*
4123** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
4124** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4125**
4126** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
4127** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
4128** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()],
4129** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4130** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4131** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
4132** [bound parameters] expanded.
4133** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4134** string containing the normalized SQL text of prepared statement P.  The
4135** semantics used to normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject
4136** to change.  At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable
4137** placeholders.
4138**
4139** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
4140** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
4141** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
4142** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
4143** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
4144**
4145** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
4146** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
4147** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
4148**
4149** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
4150** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
4151** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
4152**
4153** ^The strings returned by sqlite3_sql(P) and sqlite3_normalized_sql(P)
4154** are managed by SQLite and are automatically freed when the prepared
4155** statement is finalized.
4156** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
4157** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
4158** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
4159*/
4160const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4161char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4162const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4163
4164/*
4165** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
4166** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4167**
4168** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
4169** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
4170** the content of the database file.
4171**
4172** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
4173** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
4174** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
4175** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
4176** change the database file through side-effects:
4177**
4178** <blockquote><pre>
4179**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
4180** </pre></blockquote>
4181**
4182** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
4183** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
4184**
4185** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
4186** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
4187** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
4188** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
4189** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
4190** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
4191** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
4192** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
4193** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
4194** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
4195** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
4196** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
4197*/
4198int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4199
4200/*
4201** CAPI3REF: Query The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement
4202** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4203**
4204** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 1 if the
4205** prepared statement S is an EXPLAIN statement, or 2 if the
4206** statement S is an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.
4207** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 0 if S is
4208** an ordinary statement or a NULL pointer.
4209*/
4210int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4211
4212/*
4213** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
4214** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4215**
4216** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
4217** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
4218** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
4219** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
4220** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
4221** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
4222** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
4223** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
4224**
4225** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
4226** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
4227** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
4228** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
4229** statements that are holding a transaction open.
4230*/
4231int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
4232
4233/*
4234** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
4235** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
4236**
4237** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
4238** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
4239** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
4240** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
4241**
4242** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
4243** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
4244** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4245** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
4246** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
4247** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
4248** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4249**
4250** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
4251** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
4252** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
4253** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
4254** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
4255** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
4256** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
4257** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
4258** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
4259** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
4260** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
4261** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
4262**
4263** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
4264** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
4265** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
4266** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
4267** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments
4268** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and
4269** [sqlite3_value_dup()].
4270** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
4271** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
4272*/
4273typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value;
4274
4275/*
4276** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
4277**
4278** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
4279** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
4280** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
4281** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
4282** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
4283** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
4284** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
4285** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
4286*/
4287typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
4288
4289/*
4290** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
4291** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
4292** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
4293** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4294**
4295** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
4296** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
4297** templates:
4298**
4299** <ul>
4300** <li>  ?
4301** <li>  ?NNN
4302** <li>  :VVV
4303** <li>  @VVV
4304** <li>  $VVV
4305** </ul>
4306**
4307** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
4308** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
4309** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
4310** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
4311**
4312** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
4313** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
4314** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
4315**
4316** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
4317** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
4318** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
4319** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
4320** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
4321** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
4322** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
4323** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
4324** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 32766).
4325**
4326** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
4327** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4328** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
4329** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
4330** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() is not NULL, then
4331** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF8 text.
4332** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text16() is not NULL, then
4333** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF16 text.
4334** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not NULL, then
4335** it should be a pointer to a well-formed unicode string that is
4336** either UTF8 if the sixth parameter is SQLITE_UTF8, or UTF16
4337** otherwise.
4338**
4339** [[byte-order determination rules]] ^The byte-order of
4340** UTF16 input text is determined by the byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF)
4341** found in first character, which is removed, or in the absence of a BOM
4342** the byte order is the native byte order of the host
4343** machine for sqlite3_bind_text16() or the byte order specified in
4344** the 6th parameter for sqlite3_bind_text64().)^
4345** ^If UTF16 input text contains invalid unicode
4346** characters, then SQLite might change those invalid characters
4347** into the unicode replacement character: U+FFFD.
4348**
4349** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
4350** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
4351** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
4352** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4353** is negative, then the length of the string is
4354** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
4355** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
4356** the behavior is undefined.
4357** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
4358** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
4359** that parameter must be the byte offset
4360** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
4361** terminated.  If any NUL characters occurs at byte offsets less than
4362** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
4363** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
4364** with embedded NULs is undefined.
4365**
4366** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces controls
4367** or indicates the lifetime of the object referenced by the third parameter.
4368** ^These three options exist:
4369** ^(1) A destructor to dispose of the BLOB or string after SQLite has finished
4370** with it may be passed. ^It is called to dispose of the BLOB or string even
4371** if the call to the bind API fails, except the destructor is not called if
4372** the third parameter is a NULL pointer or the fourth parameter is negative.
4373** ^(2) The special constant, [SQLITE_STATIC], may be passsed to indicate that
4374** the application remains responsible for disposing of the object. ^In this
4375** case, the object and the provided pointer to it must remain valid until
4376** either the prepared statement is finalized or the same SQL parameter is
4377** bound to something else, whichever occurs sooner.
4378** ^(3) The constant, [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], may be passed to indicate that the
4379** object is to be copied prior to the return from sqlite3_bind_*(). ^The
4380** object and pointer to it must remain valid until then. ^SQLite will then
4381** manage the lifetime of its private copy.
4382**
4383** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
4384** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
4385** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
4386** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
4387** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
4388** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
4389** is undefined.
4390**
4391** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
4392** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
4393** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
4394** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
4395** content is later written using
4396** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
4397** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
4398**
4399** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in
4400** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be
4401** associated with the pointer P of type T.  ^D is either a NULL pointer or
4402** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the
4403** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using
4404** P.  The T parameter should be a static string, preferably a string
4405** literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is part of the
4406** [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
4407**
4408** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
4409** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
4410** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
4411** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
4412** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
4413** result is undefined and probably harmful.
4414**
4415** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
4416** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
4417**
4418** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
4419** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
4420** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
4421** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
4422** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
4423** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
4424** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
4425**
4426** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
4427** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4428*/
4429int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
4430int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
4431                        void(*)(void*));
4432int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
4433int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
4434int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
4435int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4436int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
4437int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4438int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
4439                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4440int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
4441int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*));
4442int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
4443int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
4444
4445/*
4446** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
4447** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4448**
4449** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
4450** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
4451** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
4452** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
4453** to the parameters at a later time.
4454**
4455** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
4456** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
4457** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
4458** there may be gaps in the list.)^
4459**
4460** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4461** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
4462** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4463*/
4464int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
4465
4466/*
4467** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
4468** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4469**
4470** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
4471** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
4472** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4473** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4474** respectively.
4475** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
4476** is included as part of the name.)^
4477** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
4478** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
4479**
4480** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
4481**
4482** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
4483** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
4484** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
4485** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()],
4486** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4487**
4488** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4489** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4490** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4491*/
4492const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4493
4494/*
4495** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
4496** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4497**
4498** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
4499** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
4500** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
4501** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
4502** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
4503** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or
4504** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4505**
4506** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4507** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4508** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
4509*/
4510int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
4511
4512/*
4513** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
4514** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4515**
4516** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
4517** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
4518** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
4519*/
4520int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
4521
4522/*
4523** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
4524** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4525**
4526** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
4527** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
4528** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
4529** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
4530** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
4531** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
4532** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
4533**
4534** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
4535*/
4536int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4537
4538/*
4539** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
4540** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4541**
4542** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
4543** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
4544** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
4545** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
4546** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
4547** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
4548** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
4549**
4550** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
4551** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4552** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4553** or until the next call to
4554** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
4555**
4556** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
4557** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
4558** NULL pointer is returned.
4559**
4560** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
4561** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
4562** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
4563** one release of SQLite to the next.
4564*/
4565const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4566const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4567
4568/*
4569** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
4570** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4571**
4572** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
4573** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
4574** [SELECT] statement.
4575** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
4576** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
4577** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
4578** the origin_ routines return the column name.
4579** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
4580** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4581** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4582** or until the same information is requested
4583** again in a different encoding.
4584**
4585** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
4586** database, table, and column.
4587**
4588** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
4589** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
4590** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
4591** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
4592**
4593** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
4594** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
4595** NULL.  ^These routines might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
4596** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
4597** or column that query result column was extracted from.
4598**
4599** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4600** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4601**
4602** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4603** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4604**
4605** If two or more threads call one or more
4606** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4607** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4608** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4609*/
4610const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4611const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4612const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4613const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4614const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4615const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4616
4617/*
4618** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4619** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4620**
4621** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4622** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4623** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4624** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4625** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4626** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4627** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4628**
4629** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4630**
4631** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4632**
4633** and the following statement to be compiled:
4634**
4635** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4636**
4637** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4638** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4639**
4640** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4641** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4642** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4643** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4644** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4645** used to hold those values.
4646*/
4647const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4648const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4649
4650/*
4651** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4652** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4653**
4654** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of
4655** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
4656** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy
4657** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4658** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4659**
4660** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4661** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces
4662** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()],
4663** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4664** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4665** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4666** interface will continue to be supported.
4667**
4668** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4669** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4670** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4671** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4672**
4673** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4674** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4675** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4676** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4677** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4678** continuing.
4679**
4680** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4681** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4682** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4683** machine back to its initial state.
4684**
4685** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4686** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4687** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4688** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4689**
4690** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4691** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4692** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4693** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4694** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4695** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4696** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4697** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4698**
4699** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4700** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4701** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4702** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4703** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4704** more threads at the same moment in time.
4705**
4706** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4707** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4708** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4709** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4710** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4711** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4712** sqlite3_step() began
4713** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4714** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4715** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4716** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4717** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4718**
4719** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4720** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4721** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4722** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4723** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4724** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4725** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4726** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
4727** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead
4728** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4729** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4730** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended.
4731*/
4732int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4733
4734/*
4735** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4736** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4737**
4738** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4739** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4740** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4741** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column()] family of
4742** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4743** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4744** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4745** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4746** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4747** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4748** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4749** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4750**
4751** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4752*/
4753int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4754
4755/*
4756** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4757** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4758**
4759** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4760**
4761** <ul>
4762** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4763** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4764** <li> string
4765** <li> BLOB
4766** <li> NULL
4767** </ul>)^
4768**
4769** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4770**
4771** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4772** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4773** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4774** SQLITE_TEXT.
4775*/
4776#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4777#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4778#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4779#define SQLITE_NULL     5
4780#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4781# undef SQLITE_TEXT
4782#else
4783# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4784#endif
4785#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4786
4787/*
4788** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4789** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4790** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4791**
4792** <b>Summary:</b>
4793** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
4794** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB result
4795** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL result
4796** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER result
4797** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER result
4798** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT result
4799** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT result
4800** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an
4801** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
4802** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
4803** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
4804** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes
4805** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4806** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
4807** TEXT in bytes
4808** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
4809** datatype of the result
4810** </table></blockquote>
4811**
4812** <b>Details:</b>
4813**
4814** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4815** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4816** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4817** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4818** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4819** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4820** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4821** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4822**
4823** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4824** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4825** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4826** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4827** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4828** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4829** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4830** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4831** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4832** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4833** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4834**
4835** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16)
4836** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format.  If
4837** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example,
4838** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface
4839** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed.
4840**
4841** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4842** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4843** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4844** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].
4845** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which
4846** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value.
4847** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no
4848** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question.
4849** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type()
4850** is undefined, though harmless.  Future
4851** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4852** following a type conversion.
4853**
4854** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4855** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size
4856** of that BLOB or string.
4857**
4858** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4859** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4860** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4861** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4862** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4863** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4864** the number of bytes in that string.
4865** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4866**
4867** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4868** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4869** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4870** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4871** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4872** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4873** the number of bytes in that string.
4874** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4875**
4876** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4877** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4878** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4879** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4880** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4881**
4882** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4883** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4884** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4885**
4886** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4887** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4888** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4889** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4890** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4891** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4892** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4893** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4894** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface
4895** is normally only useful within the implementation of
4896** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within
4897** top-level application code.
4898**
4899** The these routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result.
4900** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4901** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4902** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4903** that are applied:
4904**
4905** <blockquote>
4906** <table border="1">
4907** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4908**
4909** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4910** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4911** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4912** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4913** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4914** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4915** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4916** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4917** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4918** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4919** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4920** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4921** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4922** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4923** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4924** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4925** </table>
4926** </blockquote>)^
4927**
4928** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4929** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4930** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4931** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4932** in the following cases:
4933**
4934** <ul>
4935** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4936**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4937**      need to be added to the string.</li>
4938** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4939**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4940**      to UTF-16.</li>
4941** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4942**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4943**      to UTF-8.</li>
4944** </ul>
4945**
4946** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4947** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4948** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4949** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4950** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4951**
4952** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4953** in one of the following ways:
4954**
4955** <ul>
4956**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4957**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4958**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4959** </ul>
4960**
4961** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4962** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4963** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4964** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4965** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4966** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4967** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4968**
4969** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4970** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4971** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4972** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do not pass the pointers returned
4973** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4974** [sqlite3_free()].
4975**
4976** As long as the input parameters are correct, these routines will only
4977** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
4978** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
4979** errors:
4980**
4981** <ul>
4982** <li> sqlite3_column_blob()
4983** <li> sqlite3_column_text()
4984** <li> sqlite3_column_text16()
4985** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes()
4986** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4987** </ul>
4988**
4989** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
4990** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
4991** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
4992** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
4993** return value is obtained and before any
4994** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
4995*/
4996const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4997double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4998int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4999sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5000const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5001const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5002sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5003int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5004int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5005int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5006
5007/*
5008** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
5009** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
5010**
5011** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
5012** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
5013** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
5014** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
5015** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
5016** [extended error code].
5017**
5018** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
5019** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
5020** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
5021** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
5022** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
5023** completed execution.
5024**
5025** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
5026**
5027** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
5028** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
5029** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
5030** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
5031** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
5032*/
5033int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5034
5035/*
5036** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
5037** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5038**
5039** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
5040** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
5041** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
5042** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
5043** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
5044**
5045** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
5046** back to the beginning of its program.
5047**
5048** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5049** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
5050** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
5051** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
5052**
5053** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5054** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
5055** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
5056**
5057** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
5058** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
5059*/
5060int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5061
5062/*
5063** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
5064** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
5065** METHOD: sqlite3
5066**
5067** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
5068** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
5069** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between
5070** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding
5071** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being
5072** created) and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
5073** the application data pointer. Function sqlite3_create_window_function()
5074** is similar, but allows the user to supply the extra callback functions
5075** needed by [aggregate window functions].
5076**
5077** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
5078** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
5079** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
5080** to each database connection separately.
5081**
5082** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
5083** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
5084** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
5085** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
5086** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
5087** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
5088**
5089** ^The third parameter (nArg)
5090** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
5091** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
5092** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
5093** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
5094** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
5095** undefined.
5096**
5097** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
5098** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
5099** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
5100** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
5101** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
5102** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
5103** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
5104** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
5105** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
5106** each encoding.
5107** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
5108** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
5109**
5110** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
5111** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
5112** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
5113** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
5114** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
5115** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
5116** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
5117**
5118** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
5119** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from
5120** within VIEWs, TRIGGERs, CHECK constraints, generated column expressions,
5121** index expressions, or the WHERE clause of partial indexes.
5122**
5123** <span style="background-color:#ffff90;">
5124** For best security, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY] flag is recommended for
5125** all application-defined SQL functions that do not need to be
5126** used inside of triggers, view, CHECK constraints, or other elements of
5127** the database schema.  This flags is especially recommended for SQL
5128** functions that have side effects or reveal internal application state.
5129** Without this flag, an attacker might be able to modify the schema of
5130** a database file to include invocations of the function with parameters
5131** chosen by the attacker, which the application will then execute when
5132** the database file is opened and read.
5133** </span>
5134**
5135** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
5136** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
5137**
5138** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three
5139** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
5140** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
5141** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
5142** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
5143** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
5144** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
5145** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
5146** callbacks.
5147**
5148** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue
5149** and xInverse) passed to sqlite3_create_window_function are pointers to
5150** C-language callbacks that implement the new function. xStep and xFinal
5151** must both be non-NULL. xValue and xInverse may either both be NULL, in
5152** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be
5153** non-NULL, in which case the new function may be used as either an aggregate
5154** or aggregate window function. More details regarding the implementation
5155** of aggregate window functions are
5156** [user-defined window functions|available here].
5157**
5158** ^(If the final parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() or
5159** sqlite3_create_window_function() is not NULL, then it is destructor for
5160** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function
5161** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection
5162** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
5163** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.  ^When the destructor callback is
5164** invoked, it is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application
5165** data pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
5166**
5167** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
5168** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
5169** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
5170** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
5171** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
5172** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
5173** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
5174** matches the database encoding is a better
5175** match than a function where the encoding is different.
5176** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
5177** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
5178** between UTF8 and UTF16.
5179**
5180** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
5181**
5182** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
5183** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
5184** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
5185** statement in which the function is running.
5186*/
5187int sqlite3_create_function(
5188  sqlite3 *db,
5189  const char *zFunctionName,
5190  int nArg,
5191  int eTextRep,
5192  void *pApp,
5193  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5194  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5195  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5196);
5197int sqlite3_create_function16(
5198  sqlite3 *db,
5199  const void *zFunctionName,
5200  int nArg,
5201  int eTextRep,
5202  void *pApp,
5203  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5204  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5205  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5206);
5207int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
5208  sqlite3 *db,
5209  const char *zFunctionName,
5210  int nArg,
5211  int eTextRep,
5212  void *pApp,
5213  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5214  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5215  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5216  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5217);
5218int sqlite3_create_window_function(
5219  sqlite3 *db,
5220  const char *zFunctionName,
5221  int nArg,
5222  int eTextRep,
5223  void *pApp,
5224  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5225  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5226  void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*),
5227  void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5228  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5229);
5230
5231/*
5232** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
5233**
5234** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
5235** text encodings supported by SQLite.
5236*/
5237#define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
5238#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
5239#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
5240#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
5241#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
5242#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
5243
5244/*
5245** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
5246**
5247** These constants may be ORed together with the
5248** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
5249** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
5250** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
5251**
5252** <dl>
5253** [[SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]] <dt>SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC</dt><dd>
5254** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function always gives
5255** the same output when the input parameters are the same.
5256** The [abs|abs() function] is deterministic, for example, but
5257** [randomblob|randomblob()] is not.  Functions must
5258** be deterministic in order to be used in certain contexts such as
5259** with the WHERE clause of [partial indexes] or in [generated columns].
5260** SQLite might also optimize deterministic functions by factoring them
5261** out of inner loops.
5262** </dd>
5263**
5264** [[SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]] <dt>SQLITE_DIRECTONLY</dt><dd>
5265** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
5266** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs nor in
5267** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5268** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], or [generated columns].
5269** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flags is a security feature which is recommended
5270** for all [application-defined SQL functions], and especially for functions
5271** that have side-effects or that could potentially leak sensitive
5272** information.
5273** </dd>
5274**
5275** [[SQLITE_INNOCUOUS]] <dt>SQLITE_INNOCUOUS</dt><dd>
5276** The SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag means that the function is unlikely
5277** to cause problems even if misused.  An innocuous function should have
5278** no side effects and should not depend on any values other than its
5279** input parameters. The [abs|abs() function] is an example of an
5280** innocuous function.
5281** The [load_extension() SQL function] is not innocuous because of its
5282** side effects.
5283** <p> SQLITE_INNOCUOUS is similar to SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, but is not
5284** exactly the same.  The [random|random() function] is an example of a
5285** function that is innocuous but not deterministic.
5286** <p>Some heightened security settings
5287** ([SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA] and [PRAGMA trusted_schema=OFF])
5288** disable the use of SQL functions inside views and triggers and in
5289** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5290** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], and [generated columns] unless
5291** the function is tagged with SQLITE_INNOCUOUS.  Most built-in functions
5292** are innocuous.  Developers are advised to avoid using the
5293** SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag for application-defined functions unless the
5294** function has been carefully audited and found to be free of potentially
5295** security-adverse side-effects and information-leaks.
5296** </dd>
5297**
5298** [[SQLITE_SUBTYPE]] <dt>SQLITE_SUBTYPE</dt><dd>
5299** The SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function may call
5300** [sqlite3_value_subtype()] to inspect the sub-types of its arguments.
5301** Specifying this flag makes no difference for scalar or aggregate user
5302** functions. However, if it is not specified for a user-defined window
5303** function, then any sub-types belonging to arguments passed to the window
5304** function may be discarded before the window function is called (i.e.
5305** sqlite3_value_subtype() will always return 0).
5306** </dd>
5307** </dl>
5308*/
5309#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x000000800
5310#define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY       0x000080000
5311#define SQLITE_SUBTYPE          0x000100000
5312#define SQLITE_INNOCUOUS        0x000200000
5313
5314/*
5315** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
5316** DEPRECATED
5317**
5318** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
5319** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
5320** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
5321** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
5322** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
5323*/
5324#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
5325SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
5326SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
5327SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
5328SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
5329SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
5330SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
5331                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
5332#endif
5333
5334/*
5335** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
5336** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5337**
5338** <b>Summary:</b>
5339** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
5340** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB value
5341** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL value
5342** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER value
5343** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER value
5344** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_pointer</b><td>&rarr;<td>Pointer value
5345** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT value
5346** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT value in
5347** the native byteorder
5348** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16be</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16be TEXT value
5349** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16le</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16le TEXT value
5350** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
5351** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
5352** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes
5353** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5354** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
5355** TEXT in bytes
5356** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
5357** datatype of the value
5358** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_numeric_type&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5359** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Best numeric datatype of the value
5360** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_nochange&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5361** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE
5362** against a virtual table.
5363** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_frombind&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5364** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if value originated from a [bound parameter]
5365** </table></blockquote>
5366**
5367** <b>Details:</b>
5368**
5369** These routines extract type, size, and content information from
5370** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  Protected sqlite3_value objects
5371** are used to pass parameter information into the functions that
5372** implement [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables].
5373**
5374** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
5375** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
5376** is not threadsafe.
5377**
5378** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
5379** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
5380** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
5381**
5382** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
5383** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
5384** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
5385** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
5386**
5387** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized
5388** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)]
5389** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y),
5390** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P.  ^Otherwise,
5391** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer()
5392** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5393**
5394** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the
5395** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the
5396** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
5397** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^
5398** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object.
5399** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and
5400** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that
5401** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return
5402** SQLITE_TEXT.  Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion
5403** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next.
5404**
5405** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
5406** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
5407** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
5408** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
5409** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
5410** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
5411** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
5412**
5413** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the
5414** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if
5415** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation
5416** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if
5417** and the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extracted
5418** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably
5419** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column
5420** was unchanging).  ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which
5421** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear
5422** to be a NULL value.  If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other
5423** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then
5424** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless.
5425**
5426** ^The sqlite3_value_frombind(X) interface returns non-zero if the
5427** value X originated from one of the [sqlite3_bind_int|sqlite3_bind()]
5428** interfaces.  ^If X comes from an SQL literal value, or a table column,
5429** or an expression, then sqlite3_value_frombind(X) returns zero.
5430**
5431** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
5432** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
5433** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
5434** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
5435** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
5436**
5437** These routines must be called from the same thread as
5438** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
5439**
5440** As long as the input parameter is correct, these routines can only
5441** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
5442** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
5443** errors:
5444**
5445** <ul>
5446** <li> sqlite3_value_blob()
5447** <li> sqlite3_value_text()
5448** <li> sqlite3_value_text16()
5449** <li> sqlite3_value_text16le()
5450** <li> sqlite3_value_text16be()
5451** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes()
5452** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes16()
5453** </ul>
5454**
5455** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
5456** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
5457** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
5458** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
5459** return value is obtained and before any
5460** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
5461*/
5462const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
5463double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
5464int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
5465sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
5466void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*);
5467const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
5468const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
5469const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
5470const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
5471int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
5472int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
5473int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
5474int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
5475int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*);
5476int sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_value*);
5477
5478/*
5479** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
5480** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5481**
5482** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
5483** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
5484** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
5485** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
5486** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
5487*/
5488unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
5489
5490/*
5491** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
5492** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5493**
5494** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5495** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
5496** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
5497** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
5498** memory allocation fails.
5499**
5500** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
5501** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
5502** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
5503*/
5504sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
5505void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
5506
5507/*
5508** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
5509** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5510**
5511** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
5512** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
5513**
5514** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
5515** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite allocates
5516** N bytes of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
5517** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
5518** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
5519** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
5520** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
5521** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
5522** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
5523** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
5524** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
5525** first time from within xFinal().)^
5526**
5527** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
5528** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
5529** allocate error occurs.
5530**
5531** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
5532** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
5533** value of N in any subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
5534** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
5535** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
5536** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
5537** pointless memory allocations occur.
5538**
5539** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
5540** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
5541**
5542** The first parameter must be a copy of the
5543** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
5544** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
5545** function.
5546**
5547** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5548** the aggregate SQL function is running.
5549*/
5550void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
5551
5552/*
5553** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
5554** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5555**
5556** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
5557** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
5558** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5559** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5560** registered the application defined function.
5561**
5562** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5563** the application-defined function is running.
5564*/
5565void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
5566
5567/*
5568** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
5569** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5570**
5571** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
5572** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
5573** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5574** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5575** registered the application defined function.
5576*/
5577sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
5578
5579/*
5580** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
5581** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5582**
5583** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
5584** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
5585** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
5586** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
5587** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
5588** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
5589** metadata associated with the pattern string.
5590** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
5591** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
5592** invocations of the same function.
5593**
5594** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata
5595** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument
5596** value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero for the left-most
5597** function argument.  ^If there is no metadata
5598** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface
5599** returns a NULL pointer.
5600**
5601** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
5602** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
5603** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
5604** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
5605** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
5606** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
5607** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
5608** once, when the metadata is discarded.
5609** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
5610** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
5611** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
5612**      SQL statement)^, or
5613** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
5614**       parameter)^, or
5615** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
5616**      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
5617**
5618** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
5619** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
5620** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
5621** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
5622** function implementation should not make any use of P after
5623** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
5624**
5625** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
5626** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
5627** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
5628**
5629** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative.
5630** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new
5631** kinds of function caching behavior.
5632**
5633** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
5634** the SQL function is running.
5635*/
5636void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
5637void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
5638
5639
5640/*
5641** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
5642**
5643** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
5644** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
5645** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
5646** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
5647** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
5648** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
5649** the content before returning.
5650**
5651** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
5652** C++ compilers.
5653*/
5654typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
5655#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
5656#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
5657
5658/*
5659** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
5660** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5661**
5662** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
5663** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
5664** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
5665** for additional information.
5666**
5667** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
5668** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
5669** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
5670**
5671** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
5672** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
5673** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
5674** third parameter.
5675**
5676** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
5677** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
5678** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
5679**
5680** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
5681** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
5682** by its 2nd argument.
5683**
5684** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
5685** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
5686** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
5687** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
5688** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
5689** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
5690** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 using
5691** the same [byte-order determination rules] as [sqlite3_bind_text16()].
5692** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
5693** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
5694** message all text up through the first zero character.
5695** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
5696** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
5697** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
5698** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
5699** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
5700** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
5701** modify the text after they return without harm.
5702** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
5703** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
5704** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
5705** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
5706**
5707** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5708** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
5709**
5710** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5711** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
5712**
5713** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
5714** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
5715** value given in the 2nd argument.
5716** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
5717** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
5718** value given in the 2nd argument.
5719**
5720** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
5721** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
5722**
5723** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
5724** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
5725** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
5726** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
5727** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
5728** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
5729** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
5730** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
5731** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
5732** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
5733** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
5734** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5735** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
5736** through the first zero character.
5737** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5738** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
5739** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
5740** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
5741** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
5742** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
5743** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
5744** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
5745** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
5746** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5747** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
5748** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
5749** finished using that result.
5750** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
5751** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
5752** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
5753** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
5754** when it has finished using that result.
5755** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5756** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
5757** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained
5758** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
5759**
5760** ^For the sqlite3_result_text16(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5761** sqlite3_result_text16be() routines, and for sqlite3_result_text64()
5762** when the encoding is not UTF8, if the input UTF16 begins with a
5763** byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF) then the BOM is removed from the
5764** string and the rest of the string is interpreted according to the
5765** byte-order specified by the BOM.  ^The byte-order specified by
5766** the BOM at the beginning of the text overrides the byte-order
5767** specified by the interface procedure.  ^So, for example, if
5768** sqlite3_result_text16le() is invoked with text that begins
5769** with bytes 0xfe, 0xff (a big-endian byte-order mark) then the
5770** first two bytes of input are skipped and the remaining input
5771** is interpreted as UTF16BE text.
5772**
5773** ^For UTF16 input text to the sqlite3_result_text16(),
5774** sqlite3_result_text16be(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5775** sqlite3_result_text64() routines, if the text contains invalid
5776** UTF16 characters, the invalid characters might be converted
5777** into the unicode replacement character, U+FFFD.
5778**
5779** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
5780** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
5781** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
5782** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5783** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
5784** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
5785** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
5786** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
5787** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
5788**
5789** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an
5790** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it
5791** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that
5792** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an
5793** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()].
5794** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor
5795** for the P parameter.  ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument
5796** when SQLite is finished with P.  The T parameter should be a static
5797** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer()
5798** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5799**
5800** If these routines are called from within the different thread
5801** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
5802** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
5803*/
5804void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5805void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
5806                           sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
5807void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
5808void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
5809void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
5810void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
5811void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
5812void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
5813void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
5814void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
5815void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
5816void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
5817void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
5818                           void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
5819void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5820void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5821void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5822void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
5823void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*));
5824void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
5825int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
5826
5827
5828/*
5829** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
5830** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5831**
5832** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
5833** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
5834** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
5835** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
5836** higher order bits are discarded.
5837** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
5838** in future releases of SQLite.
5839*/
5840void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
5841
5842/*
5843** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
5844** METHOD: sqlite3
5845**
5846** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
5847** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
5848**
5849** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
5850** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
5851** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
5852** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
5853** considered to be the same name.
5854**
5855** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
5856** <ul>
5857** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
5858** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
5859** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5860** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
5861** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
5862** </ul>)^
5863** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
5864** to the collating function callback, xCompare.
5865** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
5866** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
5867** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
5868** on an even byte address.
5869**
5870** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5871** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5872**
5873** ^The fifth argument, xCompare, is a pointer to the collating function.
5874** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5875** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5876** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5877** ^If the xCompare argument is NULL then the collating function is
5878** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5879** that collation is no longer usable.
5880**
5881** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5882** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5883** by the eTextRep argument.  The two integer parameters to the collating
5884** function callback are the length of the two strings, in bytes. The collating
5885** function must return an integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5886** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5887** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5888** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5889** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5890** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5891** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5892** strings A, B, and C:
5893**
5894** <ol>
5895** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5896** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5897** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5898** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5899** </ol>
5900**
5901** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5902** collating function is registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5903** is undefined.
5904**
5905** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5906** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5907** the collating function is deleted.
5908** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5909** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5910** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5911**
5912** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5913** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5914** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5915** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5916** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5917** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5918** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5919** compatibility.
5920**
5921** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5922*/
5923int sqlite3_create_collation(
5924  sqlite3*,
5925  const char *zName,
5926  int eTextRep,
5927  void *pArg,
5928  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5929);
5930int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5931  sqlite3*,
5932  const char *zName,
5933  int eTextRep,
5934  void *pArg,
5935  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5936  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5937);
5938int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5939  sqlite3*,
5940  const void *zName,
5941  int eTextRep,
5942  void *pArg,
5943  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5944);
5945
5946/*
5947** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5948** METHOD: sqlite3
5949**
5950** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5951** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5952** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5953** sequence is required.
5954**
5955** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5956** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5957** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5958** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5959** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5960**
5961** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5962** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5963** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5964** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5965** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5966** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5967** required collation sequence.)^
5968**
5969** The callback function should register the desired collation using
5970** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
5971** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
5972*/
5973int sqlite3_collation_needed(
5974  sqlite3*,
5975  void*,
5976  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
5977);
5978int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
5979  sqlite3*,
5980  void*,
5981  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
5982);
5983
5984#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
5985/*
5986** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
5987** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
5988*/
5989void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
5990  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5991);
5992#endif
5993
5994/*
5995** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
5996**
5997** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
5998** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
5999**
6000** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
6001** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
6002** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
6003** requested from the operating system is returned.
6004**
6005** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
6006** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
6007** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
6008** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
6009** in the previous paragraphs.
6010*/
6011int sqlite3_sleep(int);
6012
6013/*
6014** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
6015**
6016** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6017** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
6018** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
6019** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
6020** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
6021** temporary file directory.
6022**
6023** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
6024** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
6025** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
6026** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
6027** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
6028** be avoided in new projects.
6029**
6030** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6031** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6032** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6033** thread.
6034** It is intended that this variable be set once
6035** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6036** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6037** thereafter.
6038**
6039** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6040** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6041** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6042** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6043** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6044** using [sqlite3_free].
6045** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6046** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6047** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6048** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
6049** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
6050** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
6051** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
6052** objects have been destroyed.
6053**
6054** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
6055** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
6056** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
6057** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
6058**
6059** <blockquote><pre>
6060** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
6061** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
6062** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
6063** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
6064** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
6065** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
6066** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
6067** </pre></blockquote>
6068*/
6069SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
6070
6071/*
6072** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
6073**
6074** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6075** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
6076** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
6077** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
6078** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
6079** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
6080** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
6081** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
6082** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
6083**
6084** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
6085** open can result in a corrupt database.
6086**
6087** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6088** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6089** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6090** thread.
6091** It is intended that this variable be set once
6092** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6093** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6094** thereafter.
6095**
6096** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6097** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6098** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6099** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6100** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6101** using [sqlite3_free].
6102** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6103** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6104** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6105*/
6106SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
6107
6108/*
6109** CAPI3REF: Win32 Specific Interface
6110**
6111** These interfaces are available only on Windows.  The
6112** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface is used to set the value associated
6113** with the [sqlite3_temp_directory] or [sqlite3_data_directory] variable, to
6114** zValue, depending on the value of the type parameter.  The zValue parameter
6115** should be NULL to cause the previous value to be freed via [sqlite3_free];
6116** a non-NULL value will be copied into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6117** prior to being used.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface returns
6118** [SQLITE_OK] to indicate success, [SQLITE_ERROR] if the type is unsupported,
6119** or [SQLITE_NOMEM] if memory could not be allocated.  The value of the
6120** [sqlite3_data_directory] variable is intended to act as a replacement for
6121** the current directory on the sub-platforms of Win32 where that concept is
6122** not present, e.g. WinRT and UWP.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory8] and
6123** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory16] interfaces behave exactly the same as the
6124** sqlite3_win32_set_directory interface except the string parameter must be
6125** UTF-8 or UTF-16, respectively.
6126*/
6127int sqlite3_win32_set_directory(
6128  unsigned long type, /* Identifier for directory being set or reset */
6129  void *zValue        /* New value for directory being set or reset */
6130);
6131int sqlite3_win32_set_directory8(unsigned long type, const char *zValue);
6132int sqlite3_win32_set_directory16(unsigned long type, const void *zValue);
6133
6134/*
6135** CAPI3REF: Win32 Directory Types
6136**
6137** These macros are only available on Windows.  They define the allowed values
6138** for the type argument to the [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface.
6139*/
6140#define SQLITE_WIN32_DATA_DIRECTORY_TYPE  1
6141#define SQLITE_WIN32_TEMP_DIRECTORY_TYPE  2
6142
6143/*
6144** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
6145** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
6146** METHOD: sqlite3
6147**
6148** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
6149** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
6150** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
6151** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
6152** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
6153**
6154** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
6155** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
6156** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
6157** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
6158** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
6159** an error is to use this function.
6160**
6161** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
6162** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
6163** is undefined.
6164*/
6165int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
6166
6167/*
6168** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
6169** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
6170**
6171** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
6172** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
6173** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
6174** that was the first argument
6175** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
6176** create the statement in the first place.
6177*/
6178sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
6179
6180/*
6181** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
6182** METHOD: sqlite3
6183**
6184** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to the filename
6185** associated with database N of connection D.
6186** ^If there is no attached database N on the database
6187** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
6188** this function will return either a NULL pointer or an empty string.
6189**
6190** ^The string value returned by this routine is owned and managed by
6191** the database connection.  ^The value will be valid until the database N
6192** is [DETACH]-ed or until the database connection closes.
6193**
6194** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
6195** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
6196** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
6197** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
6198**
6199** If the filename pointer returned by this routine is not NULL, then it
6200** can be used as the filename input parameter to these routines:
6201** <ul>
6202** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()]
6203** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()]
6204** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()]
6205** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()]
6206** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()]
6207** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()]
6208** </ul>
6209*/
6210const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6211
6212/*
6213** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
6214** METHOD: sqlite3
6215**
6216** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
6217** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
6218** the name of a database on connection D.
6219*/
6220int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6221
6222/*
6223** CAPI3REF: Determine the transaction state of a database
6224** METHOD: sqlite3
6225**
6226** ^The sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) interface returns the current
6227** [transaction state] of schema S in database connection D.  ^If S is NULL,
6228** then the highest transaction state of any schema on database connection D
6229** is returned.  Transaction states are (in order of lowest to highest):
6230** <ol>
6231** <li value="0"> SQLITE_TXN_NONE
6232** <li value="1"> SQLITE_TXN_READ
6233** <li value="2"> SQLITE_TXN_WRITE
6234** </ol>
6235** ^If the S argument to sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) is not the name of
6236** a valid schema, then -1 is returned.
6237*/
6238int sqlite3_txn_state(sqlite3*,const char *zSchema);
6239
6240/*
6241** CAPI3REF: Allowed return values from [sqlite3_txn_state()]
6242** KEYWORDS: {transaction state}
6243**
6244** These constants define the current transaction state of a database file.
6245** ^The [sqlite3_txn_state(D,S)] interface returns one of these
6246** constants in order to describe the transaction state of schema S
6247** in [database connection] D.
6248**
6249** <dl>
6250** [[SQLITE_TXN_NONE]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_NONE</dt>
6251** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_NONE state means that no transaction is currently
6252** pending.</dd>
6253**
6254** [[SQLITE_TXN_READ]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_READ</dt>
6255** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_READ state means that the database is currently
6256** in a read transaction.  Content has been read from the database file
6257** but nothing in the database file has changed.  The transaction state
6258** will advanced to SQLITE_TXN_WRITE if any changes occur and there are
6259** no other conflicting concurrent write transactions.  The transaction
6260** state will revert to SQLITE_TXN_NONE following a [ROLLBACK] or
6261** [COMMIT].</dd>
6262**
6263** [[SQLITE_TXN_WRITE]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_WRITE</dt>
6264** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_WRITE state means that the database is currently
6265** in a write transaction.  Content has been written to the database file
6266** but has not yet committed.  The transaction state will change to
6267** to SQLITE_TXN_NONE at the next [ROLLBACK] or [COMMIT].</dd>
6268*/
6269#define SQLITE_TXN_NONE  0
6270#define SQLITE_TXN_READ  1
6271#define SQLITE_TXN_WRITE 2
6272
6273/*
6274** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
6275** METHOD: sqlite3
6276**
6277** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
6278** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
6279** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
6280** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
6281** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
6282**
6283** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
6284** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
6285** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
6286*/
6287sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
6288
6289/*
6290** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
6291** METHOD: sqlite3
6292**
6293** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
6294** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
6295** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
6296** for the same database connection is overridden.
6297** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
6298** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
6299** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
6300** for the same database connection is overridden.
6301** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
6302** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
6303** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
6304**
6305** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
6306** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
6307** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6308** the first call for each function on D.
6309**
6310** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
6311** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
6312** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
6313** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6314** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
6315** or rollback hook in the first place.
6316** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
6317** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
6318** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6319**
6320** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
6321**
6322** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
6323** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
6324** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
6325** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
6326** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
6327**
6328** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
6329** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
6330** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
6331** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
6332** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
6333**
6334** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
6335*/
6336void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
6337void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
6338
6339/*
6340** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
6341** METHOD: sqlite3
6342**
6343** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
6344** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
6345** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
6346** a [rowid table].
6347** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
6348** for the same database connection is overridden.
6349**
6350** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
6351** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
6352** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
6353** to sqlite3_update_hook().
6354** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
6355** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
6356** to be invoked.
6357** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
6358** database and table name containing the affected row.
6359** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
6360** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
6361**
6362** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
6363** modified (i.e. sqlite_sequence).)^
6364** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
6365**
6366** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
6367** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
6368** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
6369** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
6370** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
6371** release of SQLite.
6372**
6373** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
6374** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
6375** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6376** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
6377** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
6378** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6379**
6380** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
6381** returns the P argument from the previous call
6382** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6383** the first call on D.
6384**
6385** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
6386** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
6387*/
6388void *sqlite3_update_hook(
6389  sqlite3*,
6390  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
6391  void*
6392);
6393
6394/*
6395** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
6396**
6397** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
6398** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
6399** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
6400** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
6401**
6402** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
6403** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
6404** In prior versions of SQLite,
6405** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
6406**
6407** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
6408** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
6409** Existing database connections continue to use the sharing mode
6410** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
6411**
6412** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
6413** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
6414**
6415** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. It is recommended that it stay
6416** that way.  In other words, do not use this routine.  This interface
6417** continues to be provided for historical compatibility, but its use is
6418** discouraged.  Any use of shared cache is discouraged.  If shared cache
6419** must be used, it is recommended that shared cache only be enabled for
6420** individual database connections using the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface
6421** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag.
6422**
6423** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
6424** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
6425** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
6426** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
6427**
6428** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
6429** 32-bit integer is atomic.
6430**
6431** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
6432*/
6433int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
6434
6435/*
6436** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
6437**
6438** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
6439** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
6440** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
6441** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
6442** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
6443** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
6444** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
6445** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
6446**
6447** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
6448*/
6449int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
6450
6451/*
6452** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
6453** METHOD: sqlite3
6454**
6455** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
6456** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
6457** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
6458** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
6459** omitted.
6460**
6461** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
6462*/
6463int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
6464
6465/*
6466** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
6467**
6468** These interfaces impose limits on the amount of heap memory that will be
6469** by all database connections within a single process.
6470**
6471** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
6472** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
6473** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
6474** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
6475** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
6476** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
6477** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
6478** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
6479** is advisory only.
6480**
6481** ^The sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface sets a hard upper bound of
6482** N bytes on the amount of memory that will be allocated.  ^The
6483** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface is similar to
6484** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(N) except that memory allocations will fail
6485** when the hard heap limit is reached.
6486**
6487** ^The return value from both sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() and
6488** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64() is the size of
6489** the heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
6490** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
6491** then no change is made to the heap limit.  Hence, the current
6492** size of heap limits can be determined by invoking
6493** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1) or sqlite3_hard_heap_limit(-1).
6494**
6495** ^Setting the heap limits to zero disables the heap limiter mechanism.
6496**
6497** ^The soft heap limit may not be greater than the hard heap limit.
6498** ^If the hard heap limit is enabled and if sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)
6499** is invoked with a value of N that is greater than the hard heap limit,
6500** the the soft heap limit is set to the value of the hard heap limit.
6501** ^The soft heap limit is automatically enabled whenever the hard heap
6502** limit is enabled. ^When sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) is invoked and
6503** the soft heap limit is outside the range of 1..N, then the soft heap
6504** limit is set to N.  ^Invoking sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(0) when the
6505** hard heap limit is enabled makes the soft heap limit equal to the
6506** hard heap limit.
6507**
6508** The memory allocation limits can also be adjusted using
6509** [PRAGMA soft_heap_limit] and [PRAGMA hard_heap_limit].
6510**
6511** ^(The heap limits are not enforced in the current implementation
6512** if one or more of following conditions are true:
6513**
6514** <ul>
6515** <li> The limit value is set to zero.
6516** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
6517**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
6518**      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
6519** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
6520**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
6521** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
6522**      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
6523**      from the heap.
6524** </ul>)^
6525**
6526** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the heap limits may
6527** changes in future releases of SQLite.
6528*/
6529sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6530sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6531
6532/*
6533** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
6534** DEPRECATED
6535**
6536** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
6537** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
6538** only.  All new applications should use the
6539** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
6540*/
6541SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
6542
6543
6544/*
6545** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
6546** METHOD: sqlite3
6547**
6548** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
6549** information about column C of table T in database D
6550** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
6551** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
6552** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
6553** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
6554** SQLITE_ERROR if the specified column does not exist.
6555** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
6556** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
6557** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
6558** does not.  If the table name parameter T in a call to
6559** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is
6560** undefined behavior.
6561**
6562** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
6563** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
6564** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
6565** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
6566** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
6567** resolve unqualified table references.
6568**
6569** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
6570** name of the desired column, respectively.
6571**
6572** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
6573** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
6574** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
6575**
6576** ^(<blockquote>
6577** <table border="1">
6578** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
6579**
6580** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
6581** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
6582** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
6583** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
6584** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
6585** </table>
6586** </blockquote>)^
6587**
6588** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
6589** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
6590** call to any SQLite API function.
6591**
6592** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
6593**
6594** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
6595** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
6596** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
6597** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
6598** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
6599** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
6600**
6601** <pre>
6602**     data type: "INTEGER"
6603**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
6604**     not null: 0
6605**     primary key: 1
6606**     auto increment: 0
6607** </pre>)^
6608**
6609** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
6610** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
6611** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
6612*/
6613int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
6614  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
6615  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
6616  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
6617  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
6618  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
6619  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
6620  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
6621  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
6622  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
6623);
6624
6625/*
6626** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
6627** METHOD: sqlite3
6628**
6629** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
6630**
6631** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
6632** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
6633** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
6634** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
6635** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
6636** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
6637** be tried also.
6638**
6639** ^The entry point is zProc.
6640** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
6641** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
6642** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
6643** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
6644** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
6645** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
6646** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
6647** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
6648** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
6649** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
6650** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
6651** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
6652** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
6653**
6654** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
6655** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
6656** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
6657** prior to calling this API,
6658** otherwise an error will be returned.
6659**
6660** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
6661** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
6662** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
6663** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
6664** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6665** access to extension loading capabilities.
6666**
6667** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
6668*/
6669int sqlite3_load_extension(
6670  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
6671  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
6672  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
6673  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
6674);
6675
6676/*
6677** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
6678** METHOD: sqlite3
6679**
6680** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
6681** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
6682** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
6683** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
6684**
6685** ^Extension loading is off by default.
6686** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
6687** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
6688** it back off again.
6689**
6690** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
6691** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
6692** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
6693** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
6694**
6695** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
6696** be enabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
6697** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
6698** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6699** access to extension loading capabilities.
6700*/
6701int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
6702
6703/*
6704** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
6705**
6706** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
6707** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
6708** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
6709** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
6710**
6711** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
6712** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
6713** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
6714** entry point where as follows:
6715**
6716** <blockquote><pre>
6717** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
6718** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
6719** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
6720** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
6721** &nbsp;  );
6722** </pre></blockquote>)^
6723**
6724** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
6725** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
6726** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
6727** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
6728** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
6729** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
6730** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
6731**
6732** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
6733** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
6734** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
6735**
6736** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
6737** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
6738*/
6739int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6740
6741/*
6742** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
6743**
6744** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
6745** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
6746** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
6747** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
6748** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
6749** routines.
6750*/
6751int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6752
6753/*
6754** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
6755**
6756** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
6757** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
6758*/
6759void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
6760
6761/*
6762** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
6763** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6764** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6765**
6766** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6767** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6768*/
6769
6770/*
6771** Structures used by the virtual table interface
6772*/
6773typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
6774typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
6775typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
6776typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
6777
6778/*
6779** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
6780** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
6781**
6782** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
6783** defines the implementation of a [virtual table].
6784** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
6785**
6786** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
6787** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
6788** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
6789** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
6790** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
6791** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
6792** any database connection.
6793*/
6794struct sqlite3_module {
6795  int iVersion;
6796  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6797               int argc, const char *const*argv,
6798               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6799  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6800               int argc, const char *const*argv,
6801               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6802  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
6803  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6804  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6805  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
6806  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6807  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
6808                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
6809  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6810  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6811  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
6812  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
6813  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
6814  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6815  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6816  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6817  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6818  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
6819                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
6820                       void **ppArg);
6821  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
6822  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
6823  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
6824  int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6825  int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6826  int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6827  /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object.
6828  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */
6829  int (*xShadowName)(const char*);
6830};
6831
6832/*
6833** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
6834** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
6835**
6836** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
6837** of the [virtual table] interface to
6838** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
6839** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
6840** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
6841** results into the **Outputs** fields.
6842**
6843** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
6844**
6845** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
6846**
6847** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
6848** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
6849** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
6850** ^(The index of the column is stored in
6851** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
6852** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
6853** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
6854**
6855** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
6856** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
6857** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
6858** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
6859** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
6860**
6861** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
6862** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
6863**
6864** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
6865** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
6866** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
6867** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
6868** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
6869** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
6870** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
6871** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
6872** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
6873** non-zero.
6874**
6875** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
6876** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
6877** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
6878** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
6879** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
6880** virtual table and might not be checked again by the byte code.)^ ^(The
6881** aConstraintUsage[].omit flag is an optimization hint. When the omit flag
6882** is left in its default setting of false, the constraint will always be
6883** checked separately in byte code.  If the omit flag is change to true, then
6884** the constraint may or may not be checked in byte code.  In other words,
6885** when the omit flag is true there is no guarantee that the constraint will
6886** not be checked again using byte code.)^
6887**
6888** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
6889** [xFilter] method.
6890** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
6891** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
6892**
6893** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
6894** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
6895** sorting step is required.
6896**
6897** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
6898** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
6899** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
6900** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
6901** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
6902**
6903** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
6904** will be returned by the strategy.
6905**
6906** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
6907** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
6908** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
6909** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
6910**
6911** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
6912** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
6913** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
6914** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
6915** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
6916** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
6917** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
6918** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
6919** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
6920**
6921** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
6922** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
6923** If a virtual table extension is
6924** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
6925** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
6926** to include crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
6927** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
6928** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
6929** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
6930** It may therefore only be used if
6931** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
6932** 3009000.
6933*/
6934struct sqlite3_index_info {
6935  /* Inputs */
6936  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
6937  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
6938     int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
6939     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
6940     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
6941     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
6942  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
6943  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
6944  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
6945     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
6946     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
6947  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
6948  /* Outputs */
6949  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
6950    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
6951    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
6952  } *aConstraintUsage;
6953  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
6954  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
6955  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
6956  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
6957  double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
6958  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
6959  sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
6960  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
6961  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
6962  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
6963  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
6964};
6965
6966/*
6967** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
6968**
6969** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the
6970** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
6971** these bits.
6972*/
6973#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
6974
6975/*
6976** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
6977**
6978** These macros define the allowed values for the
6979** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
6980** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
6981** a query that uses a [virtual table].
6982*/
6983#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ         2
6984#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT         4
6985#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE         8
6986#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT        16
6987#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE        32
6988#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH     64
6989#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE      65
6990#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB      66
6991#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP    67
6992#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE        68
6993#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT     69
6994#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70
6995#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL    71
6996#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS        72
6997#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION 150
6998
6999/*
7000** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
7001** METHOD: sqlite3
7002**
7003** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
7004** ^Module names must be registered before
7005** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
7006** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
7007**
7008** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
7009** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
7010** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
7011** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
7012** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
7013** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
7014** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
7015**
7016** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
7017** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
7018** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
7019** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
7020** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
7021** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
7022** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
7023** destructor.
7024**
7025** ^If the third parameter (the pointer to the sqlite3_module object) is
7026** NULL then no new module is create and any existing modules with the
7027** same name are dropped.
7028**
7029** See also: [sqlite3_drop_modules()]
7030*/
7031int sqlite3_create_module(
7032  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
7033  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
7034  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
7035  void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
7036);
7037int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
7038  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
7039  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
7040  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
7041  void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
7042  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
7043);
7044
7045/*
7046** CAPI3REF: Remove Unnecessary Virtual Table Implementations
7047** METHOD: sqlite3
7048**
7049** ^The sqlite3_drop_modules(D,L) interface removes all virtual
7050** table modules from database connection D except those named on list L.
7051** The L parameter must be either NULL or a pointer to an array of pointers
7052** to strings where the array is terminated by a single NULL pointer.
7053** ^If the L parameter is NULL, then all virtual table modules are removed.
7054**
7055** See also: [sqlite3_create_module()]
7056*/
7057int sqlite3_drop_modules(
7058  sqlite3 *db,                /* Remove modules from this connection */
7059  const char **azKeep         /* Except, do not remove the ones named here */
7060);
7061
7062/*
7063** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
7064** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
7065**
7066** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
7067** of this object to describe a particular instance
7068** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
7069** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
7070** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
7071** common to all module implementations.
7072**
7073** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
7074** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
7075** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
7076** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
7077** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
7078** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
7079*/
7080struct sqlite3_vtab {
7081  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
7082  int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
7083  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
7084  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7085};
7086
7087/*
7088** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
7089** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
7090**
7091** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
7092** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
7093** [virtual table] and are used
7094** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
7095** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
7096** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
7097** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
7098** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
7099** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
7100**
7101** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
7102** are common to all implementations.
7103*/
7104struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
7105  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
7106  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7107};
7108
7109/*
7110** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
7111**
7112** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
7113** [virtual table module] call this interface
7114** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
7115** the virtual tables they implement.
7116*/
7117int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
7118
7119/*
7120** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
7121** METHOD: sqlite3
7122**
7123** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
7124** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
7125** But global versions of those functions
7126** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
7127**
7128** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
7129** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
7130** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
7131** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
7132** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
7133** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
7134** by a [virtual table].
7135*/
7136int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
7137
7138/*
7139** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
7140** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
7141** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
7142** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
7143**
7144** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
7145** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
7146*/
7147
7148/*
7149** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
7150** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
7151**
7152** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
7153** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
7154** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
7155** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7156** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
7157** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
7158** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
7159*/
7160typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
7161
7162/*
7163** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
7164** METHOD: sqlite3
7165** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7166**
7167** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
7168** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
7169** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
7170**
7171** <pre>
7172**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
7173** </pre>)^
7174**
7175** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
7176** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
7177** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
7178** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
7179** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
7180**
7181** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
7182** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
7183** read-only access.
7184**
7185** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
7186** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
7187** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
7188** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
7189** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
7190**
7191** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
7192** <ul>
7193**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
7194**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
7195**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
7196**   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
7197**   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
7198**   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
7199**         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
7200**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
7201**         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
7202**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
7203**         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
7204**         being opened for read/write access)^.
7205** </ul>
7206**
7207** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
7208** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7209** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7210**
7211** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
7212** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
7213** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
7214** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
7215** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
7216** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
7217**
7218** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
7219** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
7220** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
7221** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
7222** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
7223** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
7224** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7225** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
7226** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
7227** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
7228**
7229** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
7230** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
7231** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
7232** blob.
7233**
7234** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
7235** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
7236** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
7237**
7238** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
7239** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7240**
7241** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
7242** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
7243** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7244*/
7245int sqlite3_blob_open(
7246  sqlite3*,
7247  const char *zDb,
7248  const char *zTable,
7249  const char *zColumn,
7250  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
7251  int flags,
7252  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
7253);
7254
7255/*
7256** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
7257** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7258**
7259** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
7260** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
7261** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
7262** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
7263** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
7264** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
7265**
7266** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
7267** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
7268** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
7269** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
7270** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
7271** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
7272** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
7273** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
7274** always returns zero.
7275**
7276** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
7277*/
7278int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
7279
7280/*
7281** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
7282** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7283**
7284** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
7285** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
7286** handle is still closed.)^
7287**
7288** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
7289** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
7290** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
7291** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
7292** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
7293**
7294** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
7295** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
7296** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
7297** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
7298** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
7299** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
7300*/
7301int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
7302
7303/*
7304** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
7305** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7306**
7307** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
7308** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
7309** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
7310** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
7311**
7312** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7313** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7314** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7315** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7316*/
7317int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
7318
7319/*
7320** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
7321** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7322**
7323** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
7324** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
7325** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7326**
7327** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7328** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
7329** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
7330** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
7331** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
7332**
7333** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7334** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7335**
7336** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
7337** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7338**
7339** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7340** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7341** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7342** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7343**
7344** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7345*/
7346int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
7347
7348/*
7349** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
7350** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7351**
7352** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
7353** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
7354** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7355**
7356** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
7357** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7358** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
7359** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7360** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7361**
7362** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
7363** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
7364** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
7365**
7366** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
7367** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
7368** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7369** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
7370** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
7371** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
7372** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
7373**
7374** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7375** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
7376** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
7377** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
7378** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
7379** or by other independent statements.
7380**
7381** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7382** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7383** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7384** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7385**
7386** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
7387*/
7388int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
7389
7390/*
7391** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
7392**
7393** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
7394** that SQLite uses to interact
7395** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
7396** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
7397** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
7398** The following interfaces are provided.
7399**
7400** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
7401** ^Names are case sensitive.
7402** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
7403** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
7404** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
7405**
7406** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
7407** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
7408** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
7409** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
7410** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
7411** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
7412** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
7413** then the behavior is undefined.
7414**
7415** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
7416** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
7417** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
7418*/
7419sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
7420int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
7421int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
7422
7423/*
7424** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
7425**
7426** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
7427** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
7428** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
7429** permitted to use any of these routines.
7430**
7431** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
7432** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
7433** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
7434** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
7435**
7436** <ul>
7437** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
7438** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
7439** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
7440** </ul>
7441**
7442** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
7443** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
7444** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
7445** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
7446** and Windows.
7447**
7448** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
7449** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
7450** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
7451** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
7452** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
7453** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
7454** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
7455**
7456** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
7457** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7458** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
7459** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
7460** integer constants:
7461**
7462** <ul>
7463** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7464** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7465** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN
7466** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
7467** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
7468** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
7469** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
7470** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
7471** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
7472** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
7473** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
7474** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
7475** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
7476** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
7477** </ul>
7478**
7479** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
7480** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
7481** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7482** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
7483** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
7484** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
7485** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
7486** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
7487** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
7488** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
7489**
7490** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
7491** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
7492** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
7493** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
7494** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
7495** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
7496** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
7497** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
7498**
7499** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7500** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7501** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
7502** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
7503** the same type number.
7504**
7505** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
7506** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
7507** mutex results in undefined behavior.
7508**
7509** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
7510** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
7511** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
7512** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
7513** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
7514** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
7515** In such cases, the
7516** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
7517** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
7518** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
7519**
7520** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
7521** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
7522** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
7523** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
7524** behavior.)^
7525**
7526** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
7527** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
7528** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
7529** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
7530**
7531** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
7532** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
7533** behave as no-ops.
7534**
7535** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
7536*/
7537sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
7538void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
7539void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
7540int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
7541void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
7542
7543/*
7544** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
7545**
7546** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
7547** used to allocate and use mutexes.
7548**
7549** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
7550** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
7551** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
7552** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
7553** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
7554** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
7555** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
7556** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
7557** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
7558**
7559** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
7560** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
7561** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
7562** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
7563**
7564** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
7565** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
7566** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
7567** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
7568** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
7569** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7570**
7571** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
7572** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
7573** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
7574**
7575** <ul>
7576**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
7577**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
7578**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
7579**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
7580**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
7581**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
7582**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
7583** </ul>)^
7584**
7585** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
7586** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
7587** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
7588** by this structure are not required to handle this case. The results
7589** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
7590** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
7591** it is passed a NULL pointer).
7592**
7593** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
7594** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
7595** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
7596** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
7597**
7598** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
7599** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
7600** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
7601** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
7602**
7603** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
7604** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
7605** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
7606** prior to returning.
7607*/
7608typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
7609struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
7610  int (*xMutexInit)(void);
7611  int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
7612  sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
7613  void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7614  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7615  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7616  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7617  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7618  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7619};
7620
7621/*
7622** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
7623**
7624** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
7625** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
7626** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
7627** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
7628** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
7629** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
7630** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
7631** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
7632**
7633** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
7634** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
7635**
7636** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
7637** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
7638** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
7639** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
7640**
7641** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
7642** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
7643** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
7644** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
7645** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
7646** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
7647** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
7648** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
7649*/
7650#ifndef NDEBUG
7651int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
7652int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
7653#endif
7654
7655/*
7656** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
7657**
7658** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
7659** which is one of these integer constants.
7660**
7661** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
7662** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
7663** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
7664*/
7665#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
7666#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
7667#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN      2
7668#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
7669#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
7670#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
7671#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
7672#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
7673#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
7674#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
7675#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
7676#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
7677#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
7678#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
7679#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
7680#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
7681
7682/* Legacy compatibility: */
7683#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
7684
7685
7686/*
7687** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
7688** METHOD: sqlite3
7689**
7690** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
7691** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
7692** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
7693** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
7694** routine returns a NULL pointer.
7695*/
7696sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
7697
7698/*
7699** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
7700** METHOD: sqlite3
7701** KEYWORDS: {file control}
7702**
7703** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
7704** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
7705** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
7706** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
7707** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
7708** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
7709** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
7710** main database file.
7711** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
7712** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
7713** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
7714** method becomes the return value of this routine.
7715**
7716** A few opcodes for [sqlite3_file_control()] are handled directly
7717** by the SQLite core and never invoke the
7718** sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
7719** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes
7720** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
7721** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  The
7722** [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] works similarly except that it returns
7723** the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file instead of
7724** the main database.  The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode returns
7725** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_vfs] object for the file.
7726** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] returns the data version counter
7727** from the pager.
7728**
7729** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
7730** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
7731** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
7732** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
7733** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
7734** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
7735** xFileControl method.
7736**
7737** See also: [file control opcodes]
7738*/
7739int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
7740
7741/*
7742** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
7743**
7744** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
7745** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
7746** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
7747** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
7748**
7749** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
7750** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
7751** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
7752**
7753** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
7754** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
7755** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
7756** operate consistently from one release to the next.
7757*/
7758int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
7759
7760/*
7761** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
7762**
7763** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
7764** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
7765**
7766** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
7767** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
7768** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
7769** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
7770*/
7771#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
7772#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
7773#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
7774#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7  /* NOT USED */
7775#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
7776#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
7777#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
7778#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
7779#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
7780#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
7781#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14  /* NOT USED */
7782#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
7783#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16  /* NOT USED */
7784#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17  /* NOT USED */
7785#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS      17
7786#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
7787#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
7788#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
7789#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
7790#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
7791#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
7792#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
7793#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
7794#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
7795#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE         26
7796#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL          27
7797#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED               28
7798#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS     29
7799#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT              30
7800#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS              31
7801#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    31  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
7802
7803/*
7804** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking
7805**
7806** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords
7807** recognized by SQLite.  Applications can uses these routines to determine
7808** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example,
7809** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser.
7810**
7811** The sqlite3_keyword_count() interface returns the number of distinct
7812** keywords understood by SQLite.
7813**
7814** The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) interface finds the N-th keyword and
7815** makes *Z point to that keyword expressed as UTF8 and writes the number
7816** of bytes in the keyword into *L.  The string that *Z points to is not
7817** zero-terminated.  The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) routine returns
7818** SQLITE_OK if N is within bounds and SQLITE_ERROR if not. If either Z
7819** or L are NULL or invalid pointers then calls to
7820** sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) result in undefined behavior.
7821**
7822** The sqlite3_keyword_check(Z,L) interface checks to see whether or not
7823** the L-byte UTF8 identifier that Z points to is a keyword, returning non-zero
7824** if it is and zero if not.
7825**
7826** The parser used by SQLite is forgiving.  It is often possible to use
7827** a keyword as an identifier as long as such use does not result in a
7828** parsing ambiguity.  For example, the statement
7829** "CREATE TABLE BEGIN(REPLACE,PRAGMA,END);" is accepted by SQLite, and
7830** creates a new table named "BEGIN" with three columns named
7831** "REPLACE", "PRAGMA", and "END".  Nevertheless, best practice is to avoid
7832** using keywords as identifiers.  Common techniques used to avoid keyword
7833** name collisions include:
7834** <ul>
7835** <li> Put all identifier names inside double-quotes.  This is the official
7836**      SQL way to escape identifier names.
7837** <li> Put identifier names inside &#91;...&#93;.  This is not standard SQL,
7838**      but it is what SQL Server does and so lots of programmers use this
7839**      technique.
7840** <li> Begin every identifier with the letter "Z" as no SQL keywords start
7841**      with "Z".
7842** <li> Include a digit somewhere in every identifier name.
7843** </ul>
7844**
7845** Note that the number of keywords understood by SQLite can depend on
7846** compile-time options.  For example, "VACUUM" is not a keyword if
7847** SQLite is compiled with the [-DSQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM] option.  Also,
7848** new keywords may be added to future releases of SQLite.
7849*/
7850int sqlite3_keyword_count(void);
7851int sqlite3_keyword_name(int,const char**,int*);
7852int sqlite3_keyword_check(const char*,int);
7853
7854/*
7855** CAPI3REF: Dynamic String Object
7856** KEYWORDS: {dynamic string}
7857**
7858** An instance of the sqlite3_str object contains a dynamically-sized
7859** string under construction.
7860**
7861** The lifecycle of an sqlite3_str object is as follows:
7862** <ol>
7863** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is created using [sqlite3_str_new()].
7864** <li> ^Text is appended to the sqlite3_str object using various
7865** methods, such as [sqlite3_str_appendf()].
7866** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is destroyed and the string it created
7867** is returned using the [sqlite3_str_finish()] interface.
7868** </ol>
7869*/
7870typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;
7871
7872/*
7873** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
7874** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7875**
7876** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes
7877** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
7878** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to
7879** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
7880**
7881** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
7882** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
7883** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
7884** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from
7885** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for
7886** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
7887** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
7888** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
7889** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
7890**
7891** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
7892** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
7893** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
7894** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
7895** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
7896*/
7897sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3*);
7898
7899/*
7900** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Dynamic String
7901** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7902**
7903** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface destroys the sqlite3_str object X
7904** and returns a pointer to a memory buffer obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
7905** that contains the constructed string.  The calling application should
7906** pass the returned value to [sqlite3_free()] to avoid a memory leak.
7907** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface may return a NULL pointer if any
7908** errors were encountered during construction of the string.  ^The
7909** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface will also return a NULL pointer if the
7910** string in [sqlite3_str] object X is zero bytes long.
7911*/
7912char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
7913
7914/*
7915** CAPI3REF: Add Content To A Dynamic String
7916** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7917**
7918** These interfaces add content to an sqlite3_str object previously obtained
7919** from [sqlite3_str_new()].
7920**
7921** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and
7922** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf]
7923** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of
7924** [sqlite3_str] object X.
7925**
7926** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S
7927** onto the end of the [sqlite3_str] object X.  N must be non-negative.
7928** S must contain at least N non-zero bytes of content.  To append a
7929** zero-terminated string in its entirety, use the [sqlite3_str_appendall()]
7930** method instead.
7931**
7932** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendall(X,S)] method appends the complete content of
7933** zero-terminated string S onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7934**
7935** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendchar(X,N,C)] method appends N copies of the
7936** single-byte character C onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7937** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation.
7938**
7939** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction
7940** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length.
7941**
7942** These methods do not return a result code.  ^If an error occurs, that fact
7943** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a
7944** subsequent call to [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)].
7945*/
7946void sqlite3_str_appendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, ...);
7947void sqlite3_str_vappendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, va_list);
7948void sqlite3_str_append(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N);
7949void sqlite3_str_appendall(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn);
7950void sqlite3_str_appendchar(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C);
7951void sqlite3_str_reset(sqlite3_str*);
7952
7953/*
7954** CAPI3REF: Status Of A Dynamic String
7955** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7956**
7957** These interfaces return the current status of an [sqlite3_str] object.
7958**
7959** ^If any prior errors have occurred while constructing the dynamic string
7960** in sqlite3_str X, then the [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method will return
7961** an appropriate error code.  ^The [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method returns
7962** [SQLITE_NOMEM] following any out-of-memory error, or
7963** [SQLITE_TOOBIG] if the size of the dynamic string exceeds
7964** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH], or [SQLITE_OK] if there have been no errors.
7965**
7966** ^The [sqlite3_str_length(X)] method returns the current length, in bytes,
7967** of the dynamic string under construction in [sqlite3_str] object X.
7968** ^The length returned by [sqlite3_str_length(X)] does not include the
7969** zero-termination byte.
7970**
7971** ^The [sqlite3_str_value(X)] method returns a pointer to the current
7972** content of the dynamic string under construction in X.  The value
7973** returned by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] is managed by the sqlite3_str object X
7974** and might be freed or altered by any subsequent method on the same
7975** [sqlite3_str] object.  Applications must not used the pointer returned
7976** [sqlite3_str_value(X)] after any subsequent method call on the same
7977** object.  ^Applications may change the content of the string returned
7978** by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] as long as they do not write into any bytes
7979** outside the range of 0 to [sqlite3_str_length(X)] and do not read or
7980** write any byte after any subsequent sqlite3_str method call.
7981*/
7982int sqlite3_str_errcode(sqlite3_str*);
7983int sqlite3_str_length(sqlite3_str*);
7984char *sqlite3_str_value(sqlite3_str*);
7985
7986/*
7987** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
7988**
7989** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
7990** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
7991** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
7992** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
7993** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
7994** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
7995** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
7996** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
7997** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
7998** value.  For those parameters
7999** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
8000** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
8001** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
8002**
8003** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
8004** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
8005**
8006** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
8007** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
8008** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
8009**
8010** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
8011*/
8012int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
8013int sqlite3_status64(
8014  int op,
8015  sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
8016  sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
8017  int resetFlag
8018);
8019
8020
8021/*
8022** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
8023** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
8024**
8025** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
8026** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
8027**
8028** <dl>
8029** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
8030** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
8031** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
8032** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
8033** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Auxiliary page-cache
8034** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
8035** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
8036** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
8037**
8038** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
8039** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
8040** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
8041** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
8042** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
8043** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
8044**
8045** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
8046** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
8047** currently checked out.</dd>)^
8048**
8049** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
8050** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
8051** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
8052** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
8053** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
8054**
8055** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
8056** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
8057** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
8058** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
8059** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
8060** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
8061** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
8062** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
8063** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
8064**
8065** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
8066** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
8067** handed to the [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
8068** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
8069** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
8070**
8071** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
8072** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8073**
8074** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
8075** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8076**
8077** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
8078** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8079**
8080** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
8081** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
8082** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
8083** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
8084** </dl>
8085**
8086** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
8087*/
8088#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
8089#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
8090#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
8091#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3  /* NOT USED */
8092#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4  /* NOT USED */
8093#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
8094#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
8095#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
8096#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8  /* NOT USED */
8097#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
8098
8099/*
8100** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
8101** METHOD: sqlite3
8102**
8103** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
8104** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
8105** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
8106** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
8107** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
8108** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
8109** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
8110** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
8111**
8112** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
8113** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
8114** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
8115** reset back down to the current value.
8116**
8117** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
8118** non-zero [error code] on failure.
8119**
8120** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
8121*/
8122int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
8123
8124/*
8125** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
8126** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
8127**
8128** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
8129** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
8130**
8131** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
8132** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
8133** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
8134** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
8135** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
8136**
8137** <dl>
8138** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
8139** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
8140** checked out.</dd>)^
8141**
8142** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
8143** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that were
8144** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8145** the current value is always zero.)^
8146**
8147** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
8148** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
8149** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8150** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
8151** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
8152** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8153** the current value is always zero.)^
8154**
8155** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
8156** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
8157** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8158** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
8159** memory already being in use.
8160** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8161** the current value is always zero.)^
8162**
8163** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
8164** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8165** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
8166** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
8167**
8168** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
8169** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
8170** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
8171** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
8172** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
8173** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
8174** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
8175** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
8176** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
8177** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
8178** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
8179**
8180** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
8181** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8182** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
8183** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
8184** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
8185** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
8186** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
8187** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
8188**
8189** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
8190** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8191** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
8192** the database connection.)^
8193** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
8194** </dd>
8195**
8196** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
8197** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
8198** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
8199** is always 0.
8200** </dd>
8201**
8202** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
8203** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
8204** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
8205** is always 0.
8206** </dd>
8207**
8208** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
8209** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8210** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
8211** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
8212** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
8213** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
8214** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
8215** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
8216** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
8217** </dd>
8218**
8219** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL</dt>
8220** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8221** been written to disk in the middle of a transaction due to the page
8222** cache overflowing. Transactions are more efficient if they are written
8223** to disk all at once. When pages spill mid-transaction, that introduces
8224** additional overhead. This parameter can be used help identify
8225** inefficiencies that can be resolved by increasing the cache size.
8226** </dd>
8227**
8228** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
8229** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
8230** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
8231** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
8232** </dd>
8233** </dl>
8234*/
8235#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
8236#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
8237#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
8238#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
8239#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
8240#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
8241#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
8242#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
8243#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
8244#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
8245#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
8246#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
8247#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         12
8248#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 12   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
8249
8250
8251/*
8252** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
8253** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8254**
8255** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
8256** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
8257** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
8258** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
8259** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
8260** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
8261** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
8262** an index.
8263**
8264** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
8265** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
8266** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
8267** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
8268** to be interrogated.)^
8269** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
8270** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
8271** interface call returns.
8272**
8273** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
8274*/
8275int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
8276
8277/*
8278** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
8279** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
8280**
8281** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
8282** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
8283** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
8284**
8285** <dl>
8286** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
8287** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
8288** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
8289** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
8290** careful use of indices.</dd>
8291**
8292** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
8293** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
8294** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8295** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
8296**
8297** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
8298** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
8299** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
8300** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8301** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
8302** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
8303**
8304** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
8305** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
8306** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
8307** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
8308** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
8309** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
8310** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
8311**
8312** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt>
8313** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been
8314** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or changes to
8315** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan.
8316**
8317** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt>
8318** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has
8319** been run.  A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one
8320** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()].
8321** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each
8322** cycle.
8323**
8324** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED</dt>
8325** <dd>^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory
8326** used to store the prepared statement.  ^This value is not actually
8327** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status()
8328** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED.
8329** </dd>
8330** </dl>
8331*/
8332#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
8333#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
8334#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
8335#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
8336#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE         5
8337#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN               6
8338#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED           99
8339
8340/*
8341** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8342**
8343** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
8344** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
8345** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
8346** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
8347** to the object.
8348**
8349** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8350*/
8351typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
8352
8353/*
8354** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8355**
8356** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
8357** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
8358** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
8359** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
8360**
8361** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8362*/
8363typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
8364struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
8365  void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
8366  void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
8367};
8368
8369/*
8370** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
8371** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
8372**
8373** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
8374** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
8375** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
8376** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
8377** SQLite is used for the page cache.
8378** By implementing a
8379** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
8380** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
8381** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
8382** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
8383** how long.
8384**
8385** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
8386** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
8387** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
8388**
8389** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
8390** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
8391** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
8392** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
8393**
8394** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
8395** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
8396** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
8397** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
8398** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
8399** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
8400** required by the custom page cache implementation.
8401** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
8402** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
8403** page cache.)^
8404**
8405** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
8406** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
8407** It can be used to clean up
8408** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
8409** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
8410**
8411** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
8412** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
8413** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
8414** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
8415** in multithreaded applications.
8416**
8417** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
8418** call to xShutdown().
8419**
8420** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
8421** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
8422** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
8423** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
8424** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
8425** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
8426** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
8427** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
8428** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
8429** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
8430** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
8431** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
8432** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
8433** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
8434** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
8435** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
8436** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
8437** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
8438** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
8439** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
8440** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
8441** never contain any unpinned pages.
8442**
8443** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
8444** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
8445** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
8446** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
8447** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
8448** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
8449** value; it is advisory only.
8450**
8451** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
8452** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
8453** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
8454**
8455** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
8456** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
8457** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
8458** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
8459** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
8460** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
8461** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
8462** for each entry in the page cache.
8463**
8464** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
8465** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
8466** to be "pinned".
8467**
8468** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
8469** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
8470** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
8471** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
8472** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
8473**
8474** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
8475** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
8476** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
8477** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
8478**                 Otherwise return NULL.
8479** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
8480**                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
8481** </table>
8482**
8483** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
8484** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
8485** failed.)^  In between the xFetch() calls, SQLite may
8486** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
8487** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
8488**
8489** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
8490** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
8491** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
8492** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
8493** ^If the discard parameter is
8494** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
8495** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
8496** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
8497**
8498** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
8499** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
8500** to xFetch().
8501**
8502** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
8503** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
8504** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
8505** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
8506** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
8507** to be pinned.
8508**
8509** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
8510** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
8511** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
8512** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
8513** they can be safely discarded.
8514**
8515** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
8516** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
8517** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
8518** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
8519** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
8520** functions.
8521**
8522** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
8523** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
8524** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
8525** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
8526** do their best.
8527*/
8528typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
8529struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
8530  int iVersion;
8531  void *pArg;
8532  int (*xInit)(void*);
8533  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8534  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
8535  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8536  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8537  sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8538  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
8539  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
8540      unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8541  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8542  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8543  void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8544};
8545
8546/*
8547** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
8548** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
8549** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
8550*/
8551typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
8552struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
8553  void *pArg;
8554  int (*xInit)(void*);
8555  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8556  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
8557  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8558  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8559  void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8560  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
8561  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8562  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8563  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8564};
8565
8566
8567/*
8568** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
8569**
8570** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
8571** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
8572** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
8573** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
8574**
8575** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8576*/
8577typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
8578
8579/*
8580** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
8581**
8582** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
8583** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
8584** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
8585**
8586** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8587**
8588** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
8589** for the duration of the backup operation.
8590** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
8591** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
8592** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
8593** preventing other database connections from
8594** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
8595**
8596** ^(To perform a backup operation:
8597**   <ol>
8598**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
8599**         backup,
8600**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
8601**         the data between the two databases, and finally
8602**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
8603**         associated with the backup operation.
8604**   </ol>)^
8605** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
8606** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
8607**
8608** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
8609**
8610** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
8611** [database connection] associated with the destination database
8612** and the database name, respectively.
8613** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
8614** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
8615** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
8616** ^The S and M arguments passed to
8617** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
8618** and database name of the source database, respectively.
8619** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
8620** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
8621** an error.
8622**
8623** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
8624** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
8625** destination database.
8626**
8627** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
8628** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
8629** destination [database connection] D.
8630** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
8631** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
8632** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
8633** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
8634** [sqlite3_backup] object.
8635** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
8636** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
8637** operation.
8638**
8639** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
8640**
8641** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
8642** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
8643** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
8644** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
8645** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
8646** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
8647** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
8648** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
8649** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
8650** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
8651** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
8652** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
8653**
8654** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
8655** <ol>
8656** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
8657** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
8658** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
8659** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
8660** destination and source page sizes differ.
8661** </ol>)^
8662**
8663** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
8664** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
8665** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
8666** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
8667** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
8668** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
8669** [database connection]
8670** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
8671** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
8672** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
8673** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
8674** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
8675** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
8676** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
8677** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
8678** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
8679**
8680** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
8681** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
8682** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
8683** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
8684** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
8685** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
8686** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
8687** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
8688** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
8689** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
8690** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
8691** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
8692** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
8693** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
8694** updated at the same time.
8695**
8696** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
8697**
8698** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
8699** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
8700** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8701** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
8702** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
8703** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
8704** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
8705** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
8706** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8707**
8708** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
8709** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
8710** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
8711** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
8712** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
8713** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
8714**
8715** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
8716** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
8717** sqlite3_backup_finish().
8718**
8719** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
8720** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
8721**
8722** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
8723** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
8724** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
8725** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
8726** sqlite3_backup_step().
8727** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
8728** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
8729** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
8730** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8731** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
8732** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
8733**
8734** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
8735**
8736** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
8737** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
8738** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
8739** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
8740** from within other threads.
8741**
8742** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
8743** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
8744** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
8745** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
8746** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
8747** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
8748** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
8749** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
8750**
8751** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
8752** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
8753** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
8754** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
8755** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
8756** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
8757**
8758** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
8759** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
8760** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8761** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
8762** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
8763** possible that they return invalid values.
8764*/
8765sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
8766  sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
8767  const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
8768  sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
8769  const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
8770);
8771int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
8772int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
8773int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
8774int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
8775
8776/*
8777** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
8778** METHOD: sqlite3
8779**
8780** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
8781** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
8782** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
8783** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
8784** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
8785** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
8786** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
8787** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
8788**
8789** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
8790**
8791** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
8792** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
8793**
8794** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
8795** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
8796** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
8797** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
8798** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
8799** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
8800** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
8801** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
8802** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
8803** call that concludes the blocking connection's transaction.
8804**
8805** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
8806** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
8807** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
8808** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
8809** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
8810**
8811** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
8812** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
8813** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
8814** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
8815**
8816** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
8817** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
8818** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
8819** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
8820** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
8821** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
8822** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
8823** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
8824**
8825** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
8826** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
8827** crash or deadlock may be the result.
8828**
8829** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
8830** returns SQLITE_OK.
8831**
8832** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
8833**
8834** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
8835** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
8836** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
8837** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
8838** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
8839** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
8840**
8841** When a blocking connection's transaction is concluded, there may be
8842** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
8843** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
8844** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
8845** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
8846** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
8847** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
8848** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
8849**
8850** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
8851**
8852** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
8853** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
8854** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
8855** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
8856** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
8857** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
8858** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
8859**
8860** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
8861** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
8862** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
8863** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
8864** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
8865** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
8866** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
8867** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
8868** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
8869** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
8870** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
8871** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
8872**
8873** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
8874**
8875** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
8876** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
8877** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
8878** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
8879** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
8880** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
8881** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
8882** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
8883** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
8884**
8885** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
8886** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
8887** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
8888** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
8889** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
8890*/
8891int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
8892  sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
8893  void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
8894  void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
8895);
8896
8897
8898/*
8899** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
8900**
8901** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
8902** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
8903** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
8904** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
8905*/
8906int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
8907int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
8908
8909/*
8910** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
8911*
8912** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
8913** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
8914** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
8915** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
8916** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
8917** is case sensitive.
8918**
8919** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8920** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8921**
8922** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
8923*/
8924int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
8925
8926/*
8927** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
8928*
8929** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
8930** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
8931** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
8932** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
8933** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
8934** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
8935** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
8936** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
8937** one another.
8938**
8939** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
8940** only ASCII characters are case folded.
8941**
8942** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8943** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8944**
8945** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
8946*/
8947int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
8948
8949/*
8950** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
8951**
8952** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
8953** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
8954** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
8955** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
8956**
8957** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
8958** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
8959** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
8960** is considered bad form.
8961**
8962** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
8963**
8964** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
8965** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
8966** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
8967** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
8968** buffer.
8969*/
8970void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
8971
8972/*
8973** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
8974** METHOD: sqlite3
8975**
8976** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
8977** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
8978**
8979** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
8980** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
8981** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
8982**
8983** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
8984** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
8985** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
8986** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
8987** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
8988** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
8989** including those that were just committed.
8990**
8991** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
8992** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
8993** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
8994** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
8995** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
8996** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
8997** are undefined.
8998**
8999** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
9000** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
9001** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
9002** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
9003** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
9004** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
9005*/
9006void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
9007  sqlite3*,
9008  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
9009  void*
9010);
9011
9012/*
9013** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
9014** METHOD: sqlite3
9015**
9016** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
9017** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
9018** to automatically [checkpoint]
9019** after committing a transaction if there are N or
9020** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
9021** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
9022** checkpoints entirely.
9023**
9024** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
9025** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
9026** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
9027** configured by this function.
9028**
9029** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
9030** from SQL.
9031**
9032** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
9033** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
9034**
9035** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
9036** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
9037** pages.  The use of this interface
9038** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
9039** for a particular application.
9040*/
9041int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
9042
9043/*
9044** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
9045** METHOD: sqlite3
9046**
9047** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
9048** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
9049**
9050** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
9051** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
9052** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
9053** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
9054** information.
9055**
9056** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
9057** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
9058** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
9059** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
9060** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
9061** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
9062*/
9063int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9064
9065/*
9066** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
9067** METHOD: sqlite3
9068**
9069** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
9070** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
9071** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
9072** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
9073**
9074** <dl>
9075** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
9076**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
9077**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
9078**   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
9079**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
9080**   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
9081**   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
9082**
9083** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
9084**   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
9085**   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
9086**   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
9087**   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
9088**   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
9089**   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
9090**
9091** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
9092**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
9093**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
9094**   [busy-handler callback])
9095**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
9096**   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
9097**   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
9098**   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
9099**
9100** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
9101**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
9102**   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
9103**   to a successful return.
9104** </dl>
9105**
9106** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
9107** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
9108** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
9109** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
9110** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
9111** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
9112** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
9113** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
9114** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
9115**
9116** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
9117** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
9118** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
9119** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
9120**
9121** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
9122** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
9123** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
9124** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
9125** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
9126** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
9127** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
9128** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
9129** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
9130** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
9131**
9132** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
9133** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
9134** [database connection] db.  In this case the
9135** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
9136** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
9137** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
9138** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
9139** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
9140** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
9141** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
9142** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
9143**
9144** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
9145** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
9146** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
9147** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
9148**
9149** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
9150** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
9151** sets the error information that is queried by
9152** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
9153**
9154** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
9155** from SQL.
9156*/
9157int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
9158  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
9159  const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
9160  int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
9161  int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
9162  int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
9163);
9164
9165/*
9166** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
9167** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
9168**
9169** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
9170** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
9171** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
9172** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
9173*/
9174#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
9175#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
9176#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
9177#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
9178
9179/*
9180** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
9181**
9182** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
9183** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
9184** various facets of the virtual table interface.
9185**
9186** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
9187** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
9188**
9189** In the call sqlite3_vtab_config(D,C,...) the D parameter is the
9190** [database connection] in which the virtual table is being created and
9191** which is passed in as the first argument to the [xConnect] or [xCreate]
9192** method that is invoking sqlite3_vtab_config().  The C parameter is one
9193** of the [virtual table configuration options].  The presence and meaning
9194** of parameters after C depend on which [virtual table configuration option]
9195** is used.
9196*/
9197int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
9198
9199/*
9200** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
9201** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration options}
9202** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration option}
9203**
9204** These macros define the various options to the
9205** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
9206** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
9207**
9208** <dl>
9209** [[SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT]]
9210** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT</dt>
9211** <dd>Calls of the form
9212** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
9213** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
9214** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
9215** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
9216** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
9217** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
9218** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
9219** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
9220**
9221** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
9222** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
9223** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
9224** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
9225** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
9226** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
9227** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
9228** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
9229** had been ABORT.
9230**
9231** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
9232** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
9233** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
9234** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
9235** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
9236** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
9237** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
9238** constraint handling.
9239** </dd>
9240**
9241** [[SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY</dt>
9242** <dd>Calls of the form
9243** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY) from within the
9244** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9245** prohibits that virtual table from being used from within triggers and
9246** views.
9247** </dd>
9248**
9249** [[SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS</dt>
9250** <dd>Calls of the form
9251** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS) from within the
9252** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9253** identify that virtual table as being safe to use from within triggers
9254** and views.  Conceptually, the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS tag means that the
9255** virtual table can do no serious harm even if it is controlled by a
9256** malicious hacker.  Developers should avoid setting the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS
9257** flag unless absolutely necessary.
9258** </dd>
9259** </dl>
9260*/
9261#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
9262#define SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS          2
9263#define SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY         3
9264
9265/*
9266** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
9267**
9268** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
9269** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
9270** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
9271** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9272** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
9273** [virtual table].
9274*/
9275int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
9276
9277/*
9278** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
9279**
9280** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
9281** method of a [virtual table], then it might return true if the
9282** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
9283** column value will not change.  The virtual table implementation can use
9284** this hint as permission to substitute a return value that is less
9285** expensive to compute and that the corresponding
9286** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
9287**
9288** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
9289** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
9290** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
9291** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
9292** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
9293** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
9294**
9295** The sqlite3_vtab_nochange() routine is an optimization.  Virtual table
9296** implementations should continue to give a correct answer even if the
9297** sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface were to always return false.  In the
9298** current implementation, the sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface does always
9299** returns false for the enhanced [UPDATE FROM] statement.
9300*/
9301int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);
9302
9303/*
9304** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint
9305**
9306** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex]
9307** method of a [virtual table].
9308**
9309** The first argument must be the sqlite3_index_info object that is the
9310** first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument must be
9311** an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the sqlite3_index_info
9312** structure passed to xBestIndex. This function returns a pointer to a buffer
9313** containing the name of the collation sequence for the corresponding
9314** constraint.
9315*/
9316SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int);
9317
9318/*
9319** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
9320** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
9321**
9322** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
9323** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9324** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
9325**
9326** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
9327** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
9328** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
9329*/
9330#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
9331/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
9332#define SQLITE_FAIL     3
9333/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
9334#define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
9335
9336/*
9337** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
9338** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
9339**
9340** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
9341** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
9342** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
9343**
9344** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
9345** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
9346** S is finalized.
9347**
9348** <dl>
9349** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
9350** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be
9351** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
9352**
9353** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
9354** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9355** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
9356**
9357** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
9358** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9359** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
9360** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
9361** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
9362** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
9363** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
9364**
9365** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
9366** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9367** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
9368** used for the X-th loop.
9369**
9370** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
9371** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9372** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
9373** description for the X-th loop.
9374**
9375** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
9376** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9377** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
9378** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
9379** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
9380** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
9381** </dl>
9382*/
9383#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
9384#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
9385#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
9386#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
9387#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
9388#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
9389
9390/*
9391** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
9392** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9393**
9394** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
9395** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
9396** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
9397** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
9398**
9399** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
9400** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
9401** compile-time option.
9402**
9403** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
9404** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
9405** of this interface is undefined.
9406** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
9407** the "pOut" parameter.
9408** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
9409** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
9410** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
9411** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
9412** points to is unchanged.
9413**
9414** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
9415** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
9416** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
9417** that pOut points to unchanged.
9418**
9419** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
9420*/
9421int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
9422  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
9423  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
9424  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
9425  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
9426);
9427
9428/*
9429** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
9430** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9431**
9432** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
9433**
9434** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
9435** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
9436*/
9437void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
9438
9439/*
9440** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
9441** METHOD: sqlite3
9442**
9443** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
9444** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
9445** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
9446** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
9447** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
9448** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
9449** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
9450** any [attached] databases.
9451**
9452** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
9453** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
9454** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
9455** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
9456** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
9457** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
9458** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
9459** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
9460**
9461** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
9462** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
9463** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
9464**
9465** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
9466**
9467** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
9468** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
9469*/
9470int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
9471
9472/*
9473** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
9474** METHOD: sqlite3
9475**
9476** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
9477** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
9478**
9479** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
9480** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
9481** on a database table.
9482** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
9483** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
9484** the previous setting.
9485** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
9486** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
9487** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
9488** the first parameter to callbacks.
9489**
9490** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
9491** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
9492** system tables like sqlite_sequence or sqlite_stat1.
9493**
9494** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
9495** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
9496** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
9497** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
9498** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
9499** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9500** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
9501** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
9502** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
9503** databases.)^
9504** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9505** table that is being modified.
9506**
9507** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
9508** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
9509** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
9510** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
9511** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
9512** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
9513** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
9514** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
9515** DELETE operations on rowid tables.
9516**
9517** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
9518** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
9519** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
9520** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
9521** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
9522** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
9523** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
9524** behavior.
9525**
9526** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
9527** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
9528**
9529** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9530** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9531** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9532** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9533** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
9534** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
9535** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9536** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9537**
9538** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9539** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9540** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9541** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9542** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
9543** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
9544** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9545** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9546**
9547** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
9548** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
9549** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
9550** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
9551** triggers; and so forth.
9552**
9553** When the [sqlite3_blob_write()] API is used to update a blob column,
9554** the pre-update hook is invoked with SQLITE_DELETE. This is because the
9555** in this case the new values are not available. In this case, when a
9556** callback made with op==SQLITE_DELETE is actuall a write using the
9557** sqlite3_blob_write() API, the [sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite()] returns
9558** the index of the column being written. In other cases, where the
9559** pre-update hook is being invoked for some other reason, including a
9560** regular DELETE, sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite() returns -1.
9561**
9562** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
9563*/
9564#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
9565void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
9566  sqlite3 *db,
9567  void(*xPreUpdate)(
9568    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
9569    sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
9570    int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
9571    char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
9572    char const *zName,            /* Table name */
9573    sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
9574    sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
9575  ),
9576  void*
9577);
9578int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9579int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
9580int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
9581int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9582int sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(sqlite3 *);
9583#endif
9584
9585/*
9586** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
9587** METHOD: sqlite3
9588**
9589** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
9590** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
9591** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
9592** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
9593** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
9594** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
9595*/
9596int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
9597
9598/*
9599** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
9600** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
9601**
9602** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
9603** database for some specific point in history.
9604**
9605** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
9606** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
9607** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
9608** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
9609** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
9610** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
9611** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
9612**
9613** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
9614** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
9615** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
9616** the most recent version.
9617*/
9618typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
9619  unsigned char hidden[48];
9620} sqlite3_snapshot;
9621
9622/*
9623** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
9624** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9625**
9626** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
9627** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
9628** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
9629** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
9630** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
9631** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
9632** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
9633**
9634** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
9635** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
9636** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
9637** in this case.
9638**
9639** <ul>
9640**   <li> The database handle must not be in [autocommit mode].
9641**
9642**   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
9643**
9644**   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
9645**        connection D.
9646**
9647**   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
9648**        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
9649**        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
9650**        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
9651**        must be written to it first.
9652** </ul>
9653**
9654** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
9655** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
9656** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
9657**
9658** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
9659** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
9660** to avoid a memory leak.
9661**
9662** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
9663** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9664*/
9665SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
9666  sqlite3 *db,
9667  const char *zSchema,
9668  sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
9669);
9670
9671/*
9672** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
9673** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9674**
9675** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read
9676** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of
9677** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to
9678** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the
9679** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK
9680** on success or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
9681**
9682** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in
9683** [autocommit mode] when [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] is called. If there
9684** is already a read transaction open on schema S, then the database handle
9685** must have no active statements (SELECT statements that have been passed
9686** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()).
9687** SQLITE_ERROR is returned if either of these conditions is violated, or
9688** if schema S does not exist, or if the snapshot object is invalid.
9689**
9690** ^A call to sqlite3_snapshot_open() will fail to open if the specified
9691** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case
9692** SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT is returned.
9693**
9694** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is
9695** invoked, then the same read transaction remains open (on the same
9696** database snapshot) if SQLITE_ERROR, SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT
9697** is returned. If another error code - for example SQLITE_PROTOCOL or an
9698** SQLITE_IOERR error code - is returned, then the final state of the
9699** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the
9700** read transaction is now open on database snapshot P.
9701**
9702** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
9703** database connection D does not know that the database file for
9704** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
9705** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
9706** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
9707** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
9708** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
9709** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
9710**
9711** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
9712** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9713*/
9714SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
9715  sqlite3 *db,
9716  const char *zSchema,
9717  sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
9718);
9719
9720/*
9721** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
9722** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9723**
9724** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
9725** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
9726** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
9727**
9728** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
9729** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9730*/
9731SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
9732
9733/*
9734** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
9735** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9736**
9737** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
9738** of two valid snapshot handles.
9739**
9740** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
9741** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
9742**
9743** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
9744** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
9745** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
9746** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
9747** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
9748** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
9749** is undefined.
9750**
9751** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
9752** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
9753** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
9754**
9755** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9756** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9757*/
9758SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
9759  sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
9760  sqlite3_snapshot *p2
9761);
9762
9763/*
9764** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
9765** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9766**
9767** If a [WAL file] remains on disk after all database connections close
9768** (either through the use of the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] [file control]
9769** or because the last process to have the database opened exited without
9770** calling [sqlite3_close()]) and a new connection is subsequently opened
9771** on that database and [WAL file], the [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface
9772** will only be able to open the last transaction added to the WAL file
9773** even though the WAL file contains other valid transactions.
9774**
9775** This function attempts to scan the WAL file associated with database zDb
9776** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
9777** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
9778** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a WAL mode
9779** database.
9780**
9781** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
9782**
9783** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9784** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9785*/
9786SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9787
9788/*
9789** CAPI3REF: Serialize a database
9790**
9791** The sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) interface returns a pointer to memory
9792** that is a serialization of the S database on [database connection] D.
9793** If P is not a NULL pointer, then the size of the database in bytes
9794** is written into *P.
9795**
9796** For an ordinary on-disk database file, the serialization is just a
9797** copy of the disk file.  For an in-memory database or a "TEMP" database,
9798** the serialization is the same sequence of bytes which would be written
9799** to disk if that database where backed up to disk.
9800**
9801** The usual case is that sqlite3_serialize() copies the serialization of
9802** the database into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] and returns
9803** a pointer to that memory.  The caller is responsible for freeing the
9804** returned value to avoid a memory leak.  However, if the F argument
9805** contains the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit, then no memory allocations
9806** are made, and the sqlite3_serialize() function will return a pointer
9807** to the contiguous memory representation of the database that SQLite
9808** is currently using for that database, or NULL if the no such contiguous
9809** memory representation of the database exists.  A contiguous memory
9810** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has
9811** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same
9812** values of D and S.
9813** The size of the database is written into *P even if the
9814** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy
9815** of the database exists.
9816**
9817** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the
9818** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory
9819** allocation error occurs.
9820**
9821** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9822** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9823*/
9824unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
9825  sqlite3 *db,           /* The database connection */
9826  const char *zSchema,   /* Which DB to serialize. ex: "main", "temp", ... */
9827  sqlite3_int64 *piSize, /* Write size of the DB here, if not NULL */
9828  unsigned int mFlags    /* Zero or more SQLITE_SERIALIZE_* flags */
9829);
9830
9831/*
9832** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_serialize
9833**
9834** Zero or more of the following constants can be OR-ed together for
9835** the F argument to [sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F)].
9836**
9837** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY means that [sqlite3_serialize()] will return
9838** a pointer to contiguous in-memory database that it is currently using,
9839** without making a copy of the database.  If SQLite is not currently using
9840** a contiguous in-memory database, then this option causes
9841** [sqlite3_serialize()] to return a NULL pointer.  SQLite will only be
9842** using a contiguous in-memory database if it has been initialized by a
9843** prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize()].
9844*/
9845#define SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 0x001   /* Do no memory allocations */
9846
9847/*
9848** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database
9849**
9850** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the
9851** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then
9852** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization contained
9853** in P.  The serialized database P is N bytes in size.  M is the size of
9854** the buffer P, which might be larger than N.  If M is larger than N, and
9855** the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY bit is not set in F, then SQLite is
9856** permitted to add content to the in-memory database as long as the total
9857** size does not exceed M bytes.
9858**
9859** If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in F, then SQLite will
9860** invoke sqlite3_free() on the serialization buffer when the database
9861** connection closes.  If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE bit is set, then
9862** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64()
9863** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes.
9864**
9865** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the
9866** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup
9867** operation.
9868**
9869** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the
9870** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then
9871** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning.
9872**
9873** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9874** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9875*/
9876int sqlite3_deserialize(
9877  sqlite3 *db,            /* The database connection */
9878  const char *zSchema,    /* Which DB to reopen with the deserialization */
9879  unsigned char *pData,   /* The serialized database content */
9880  sqlite3_int64 szDb,     /* Number bytes in the deserialization */
9881  sqlite3_int64 szBuf,    /* Total size of buffer pData[] */
9882  unsigned mFlags         /* Zero or more SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_* flags */
9883);
9884
9885/*
9886** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_deserialize()
9887**
9888** The following are allowed values for 6th argument (the F argument) to
9889** the [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F)] interface.
9890**
9891** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE means that the database serialization
9892** in the P argument is held in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
9893** and that SQLite should take ownership of this memory and automatically
9894** free it when it has finished using it.  Without this flag, the caller
9895** is responsible for freeing any dynamically allocated memory.
9896**
9897** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE flag means that SQLite is allowed to
9898** grow the size of the database using calls to [sqlite3_realloc64()].  This
9899** flag should only be used if SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE is also used.
9900** Without this flag, the deserialized database cannot increase in size beyond
9901** the number of bytes specified by the M parameter.
9902**
9903** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database
9904** should be treated as read-only.
9905*/
9906#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */
9907#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE  2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */
9908#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY    4 /* Database is read-only */
9909
9910/*
9911** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
9912** builds on processors without floating point support.
9913*/
9914#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
9915# undef double
9916#endif
9917
9918#ifdef __cplusplus
9919}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
9920#endif
9921#endif /* SQLITE3_H */
9922