xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqlite.h.in (revision 4dfe98a8)
1/*
2** 2001 September 15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32*/
33#ifndef _SQLITE3_H_
34#define _SQLITE3_H_
35#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36
37/*
38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39*/
40#ifdef __cplusplus
41extern "C" {
42#endif
43
44
45/*
46** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47*/
48#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50#endif
51#ifndef SQLITE_API
52# define SQLITE_API
53#endif
54#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55# define SQLITE_CDECL
56#endif
57#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
58# define SQLITE_STDCALL
59#endif
60
61/*
62** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
63** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
64** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
65** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
66** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
67**
68** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
69** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
70** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
71** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
72** noop macros.
73*/
74#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
75#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
76
77/*
78** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
79*/
80#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
81# undef SQLITE_VERSION
82#endif
83#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
84# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
85#endif
86
87/*
88** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
89**
90** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
91** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
92** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
93** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
94** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
95** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
96** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
97** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
98** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
99** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
100** and Z will be reset to zero.
101**
102** Since version 3.6.18, SQLite source code has been stored in the
103** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
104** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
105** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
106** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
107** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and an SHA1
108** hash of the entire source tree.
109**
110** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
111** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
112** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
113*/
114#define SQLITE_VERSION        "--VERS--"
115#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER--
116#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "--SOURCE-ID--"
117
118/*
119** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
120** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version, sqlite3_sourceid
121**
122** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
123** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
124** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
125** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
126** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
127** the header, and thus insure that the application is
128** compiled with matching library and header files.
129**
130** <blockquote><pre>
131** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
132** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID)==0 );
133** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
134** </pre></blockquote>)^
135**
136** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
137** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
138** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
139** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
140** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
141** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
142** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
143** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
144** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.
145**
146** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
147*/
148SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
149const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
150const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
151int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
152
153/*
154** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
155**
156** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
157** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
158** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
159** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
160**
161** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
162** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
163** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
164** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
165** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
166** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
167**
168** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
169** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
170** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
171**
172** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
173** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
174*/
175#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
176int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
177const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
178#endif
179
180/*
181** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
182**
183** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
184** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
185** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
186**
187** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
188** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
189** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
190** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
191** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
192** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
193**
194** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
195** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
196** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
197** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
198**
199** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
200** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
201** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
202**
203** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
204** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
205** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
206** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
207** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
208** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
209** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
210** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
211** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
212** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
213**
214** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
215*/
216int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
217
218/*
219** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
220** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
221**
222** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
223** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
224** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
225** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
226** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
227** interfaces (such as
228** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
229** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
230** sqlite3 object.
231*/
232typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
233
234/*
235** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
236** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
237**
238** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
239** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
240**
241** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
242** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
243** compatibility only.
244**
245** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
246** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
247** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
248** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
249*/
250#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
251  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
252  typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
253#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
254  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
255  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
256#else
257  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
258  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
259#endif
260typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
261typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
262
263/*
264** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
265** substitute integer for floating-point.
266*/
267#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
268# define double sqlite3_int64
269#endif
270
271/*
272** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
273** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
274**
275** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
276** for the [sqlite3] object.
277** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
278** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
279** resources are deallocated.
280**
281** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
282** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then sqlite3_close()
283** will leave the database connection open and return [SQLITE_BUSY].
284** ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared statements
285** and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups, then the database connection becomes
286** an unusable "zombie" which will automatically be deallocated when the
287** last prepared statement is finalized or the last sqlite3_backup is
288** finished.  The sqlite3_close_v2() interface is intended for use with
289** host languages that are garbage collected, and where the order in which
290** destructors are called is arbitrary.
291**
292** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements],
293** [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
294** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
295** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.  ^If
296** sqlite3_close_v2() is called on a [database connection] that still has
297** outstanding [prepared statements], [BLOB handles], and/or
298** [sqlite3_backup] objects then it returns [SQLITE_OK] and the deallocation
299** of resources is deferred until all [prepared statements], [BLOB handles],
300** and [sqlite3_backup] objects are also destroyed.
301**
302** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
303** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
304**
305** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
306** must be either a NULL
307** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
308** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
309** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
310** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
311** argument is a harmless no-op.
312*/
313int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
314int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
315
316/*
317** The type for a callback function.
318** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
319** compatibility and is not documented.
320*/
321typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
322
323/*
324** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
325** METHOD: sqlite3
326**
327** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
328** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
329** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
330** without having to use a lot of C code.
331**
332** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
333** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
334** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
335** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
336** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
337** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
338** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
339** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
340** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
341** ignored.
342**
343** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
344** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
345** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
346** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
347** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
348** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
349** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
350** of sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
351** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
352** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
353** NULL before returning.
354**
355** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
356** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
357** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
358**
359** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
360** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
361** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
362** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
363** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
364** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
365** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
366** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
367** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
368**
369** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
370** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
371** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
372** is not changed.
373**
374** Restrictions:
375**
376** <ul>
377** <li> The application must insure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
378**      is a valid and open [database connection].
379** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
380**      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
381** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
382**      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
383** </ul>
384*/
385int sqlite3_exec(
386  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
387  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
388  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
389  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
390  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
391);
392
393/*
394** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
395** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
396**
397** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
398** here in order to indicate success or failure.
399**
400** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
401**
402** See also: [extended result code definitions]
403*/
404#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
405/* beginning-of-error-codes */
406#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* SQL error or missing database */
407#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
408#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
409#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
410#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
411#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
412#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
413#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
414#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
415#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
416#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
417#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
418#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
419#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
420#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
421#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Database is empty */
422#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
423#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
424#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
425#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
426#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
427#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
428#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
429#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Auxiliary database format error */
430#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
431#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
432#define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
433#define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
434#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
435#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
436/* end-of-error-codes */
437
438/*
439** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
440** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
441**
442** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
443** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
444** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
445** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
446** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 and later) include
447** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
448** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
449** on a per database connection basis using the
450** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
451** the most recent error can be obtained using
452** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
453*/
454#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
455#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
456#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
457#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
458#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
459#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
460#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
461#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
462#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
463#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
464#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
465#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
466#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
467#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
468#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
469#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
470#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
471#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
472#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
473#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
474#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
475#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
476#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
477#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
478#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
479#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
480#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
481#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
482#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
483#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
484#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
485#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
486#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
487#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
488#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
489#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
490#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
491#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
492#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
493#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
494#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
495#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
496#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
497#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
498#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
499#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
500#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
501#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
502#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
503#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
504#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
505#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
506#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
507#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
508
509/*
510** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
511**
512** These bit values are intended for use in the
513** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
514** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
515*/
516#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
517#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
518#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
519#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
520#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
521#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
522#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
523#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
524#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
525#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
526#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
527#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
528#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
529#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
530#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
531#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
532#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
533#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
534#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
535#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
536
537/* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
538
539/*
540** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
541**
542** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
543** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
544** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
545** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
546** refers to.
547**
548** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
549** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
550** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
551** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
552** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
553** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
554** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
555** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
556** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
557** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
558** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
559** file that were written at the application level might have changed
560** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
561** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
562** flag indicate that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
563** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
564** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
565** elevated privileges.
566*/
567#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
568#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
569#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
570#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
571#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
572#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
573#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
574#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
575#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
576#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
577#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
578#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
579#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
580#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
581
582/*
583** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
584**
585** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
586** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
587** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
588*/
589#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
590#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
591#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
592#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
593#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
594
595/*
596** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
597**
598** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
599** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
600** these integer values as the second argument.
601**
602** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
603** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
604** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
605** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
606** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
607** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
608**
609** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
610** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
611** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
612** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
613** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
614** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
615** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
616** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
617** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
618** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
619** cares about the difference.)
620*/
621#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
622#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
623#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
624
625/*
626** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
627**
628** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
629** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
630** implementations will
631** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
632** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
633** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
634** I/O operations on the open file.
635*/
636typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
637struct sqlite3_file {
638  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
639};
640
641/*
642** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
643**
644** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
645** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
646** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
647** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
648** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
649**
650** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
651** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
652** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
653** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
654** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
655** to NULL.
656**
657** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
658** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
659** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
660** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
661** and not its inode needs to be synced.
662**
663** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
664** <ul>
665** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
666** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
667** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
668** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
669** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
670** </ul>
671** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
672** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
673** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
674** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
675** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
676**
677** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
678** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
679** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
680** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
681** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
682** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
683** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
684** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
685** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
686** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
687** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
688** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
689** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
690** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
691** recognize.
692**
693** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
694** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
695** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
696** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
697** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
698** underlying device:
699**
700** <ul>
701** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
702** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
703** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
704** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
705** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
706** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
707** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
708** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
709** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
710** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
711** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
712** </ul>
713**
714** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
715** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
716** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
717** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
718** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
719** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
720** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
721** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
722** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
723** to xWrite().
724**
725** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
726** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
727** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
728** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
729** database corruption.
730*/
731typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
732struct sqlite3_io_methods {
733  int iVersion;
734  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
735  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
736  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
737  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
738  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
739  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
740  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
741  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
742  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
743  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
744  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
745  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
746  /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
747  int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
748  int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
749  void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
750  int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
751  /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
752  int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
753  int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
754  /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
755  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
756};
757
758/*
759** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
760** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
761**
762** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
763** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
764** interface.
765**
766** <ul>
767** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
768** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
769** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
770** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
771** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
772** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
773** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
774** compile-time option is used.
775**
776** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
777** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
778** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
779** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
780** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
781** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
782** file run faster.
783**
784** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
785** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
786** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
787** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
788** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
789** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
790** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
791** improve performance on some systems.
792**
793** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
794** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
795** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
796** connection.  See the [sqlite3_file_control()] documentation for
797** additional information.
798**
799** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
800** No longer in use.
801**
802** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
803** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
804** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
805** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
806** because the user has configured SQLite with
807** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
808** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
809** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
810** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
811** string containing the transactions master-journal file name. VFSes that
812** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
813** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
814** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
815**
816** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
817** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
818** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
819** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
820** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
821** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
822** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
823**
824** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
825** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
826** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
827** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
828** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
829** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
830** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
831** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
832** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
833** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
834** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
835** integers where the first integer i the new retry count and the second
836** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
837** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
838** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
839** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
840**
841** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
842** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
843** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
844** write ahead log and shared memory files used for transaction control
845** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
846** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
847** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
848** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
849** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
850** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
851** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
852** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
853** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
854** WAL persistence setting.
855**
856** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
857** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
858** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
859** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
860** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
861** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
862** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
863** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
864** zero-damage mode setting.
865**
866** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
867** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
868** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
869** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
870** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
871**
872** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
873** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
874** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
875** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
876** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
877** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
878** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
879** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
880** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
881** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
882** is intended for diagnostic use only.
883**
884** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
885** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
886** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
887** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
888** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
889** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
890** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
891** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
892** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
893** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
894** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
895** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
896** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
897** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
898** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
899** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
900** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
901** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
902** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
903** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
904** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
905** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
906** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
907** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
908**
909** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
910** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
911** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
912** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
913** to the connections busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void **)
914** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
915** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connections
916** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
917** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
918** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
919** current operation.
920**
921** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
922** ^Application can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
923** to have SQLite generate a
924** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
925** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
926** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
927** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
928** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
929**
930** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
931** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
932** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
933** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
934** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
935** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
936** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
937** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
938** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
939**
940** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
941** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
942** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
943** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
944** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
945** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
946** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
947**
948** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
949** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
950** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
951** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
952** was first opened.
953**
954** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
955** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
956** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
957** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
958** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
959**
960** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
961** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
962** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
963** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
964** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
965** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
966**
967** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
968** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
969** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
970**
971** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
972** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
973** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
974** this opcode.
975** </ul>
976*/
977#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
978#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
979#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
980#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
981#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
982#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
983#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
984#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
985#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
986#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
987#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
988#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
989#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
990#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
991#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
992#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
993#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
994#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
995#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
996#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
997#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
998#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
999#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1000#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1001#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1002
1003/* deprecated names */
1004#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1005#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1006#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1007
1008
1009/*
1010** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1011**
1012** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1013** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1014** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1015** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1016**
1017** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1018*/
1019typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1020
1021/*
1022** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1023**
1024** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1025** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1026** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1027** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1028**
1029** The value of the iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger in
1030** future versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
1031** object when the iVersion value is increased.  Note that the structure
1032** of the sqlite3_vfs object changes in the transaction between
1033** SQLite version 3.5.9 and 3.6.0 and yet the iVersion field was not
1034** modified.
1035**
1036** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1037** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1038** a pathname in this VFS.
1039**
1040** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1041** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1042** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1043** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1044** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1045** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1046**
1047** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1048** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1049** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1050** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1051** object once the object has been registered.
1052**
1053** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1054** be unique across all VFS modules.
1055**
1056** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1057** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1058** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1059** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1060** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1061** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1062** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1063** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1064** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1065** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1066** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1067** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1068** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1069** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1070** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1071** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1072**
1073** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1074** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1075** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1076** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1077** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1078** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1079**
1080** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1081** call, depending on the object being opened:
1082**
1083** <ul>
1084** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1085** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1086** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1087** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1088** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1089** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1090** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
1091** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1092** </ul>)^
1093**
1094** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1095** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1096** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1097** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1098** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1099** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1100** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1101** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1102**
1103** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1104**
1105** <ul>
1106** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1107** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1108** </ul>
1109**
1110** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1111** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1112** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1113** databases, and subjournals.
1114**
1115** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1116** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1117** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1118** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1119** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1120** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1121** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1122** for exclusive access.
1123**
1124** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1125** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1126** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1127** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1128** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1129** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1130** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1131** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1132** or failure of the xOpen call.
1133**
1134** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1135** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1136** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1137** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1138** to test whether a file is at least readable.   The file can be a
1139** directory.
1140**
1141** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1142** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1143** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1144** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1145** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1146** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1147**
1148** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1149** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1150** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1151** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1152** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1153** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1154** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1155** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1156** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1157** a floating point value.
1158** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1159** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1160** a 24-hour day).
1161** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1162** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1163** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1164** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1165**
1166** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1167** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1168** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1169** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1170** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1171** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1172** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1173** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1174** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1175** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1176** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1177*/
1178typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1179typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1180struct sqlite3_vfs {
1181  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1182  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1183  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1184  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1185  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1186  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1187  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1188               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1189  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1190  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1191  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1192  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1193  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1194  void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1195  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1196  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1197  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1198  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1199  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1200  /*
1201  ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1202  ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1203  */
1204  int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1205  /*
1206  ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1207  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1208  */
1209  int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1210  sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1211  const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1212  /*
1213  ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1214  ** New fields may be appended in figure versions.  The iVersion
1215  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1216  */
1217};
1218
1219/*
1220** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1221**
1222** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1223** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1224** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1225** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1226** simply checks whether the file exists.
1227** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1228** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1229** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1230** the directory).
1231** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1232** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1233** release of SQLite.
1234** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1235** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1236** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1237** SQLite.
1238*/
1239#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1240#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1241#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1242
1243/*
1244** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1245**
1246** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1247** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1248** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1249** xShmLock method:
1250**
1251** <ul>
1252** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1253** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1254** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1255** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1256** </ul>
1257**
1258** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1259** was given on the corresponding lock.
1260**
1261** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1262** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1263** and EXCLUSIVE.
1264*/
1265#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1266#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1267#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1268#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1269
1270/*
1271** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1272**
1273** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1274** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1275** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1276** lock outside of this range
1277*/
1278#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1279
1280
1281/*
1282** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1283**
1284** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1285** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1286** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1287** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1288** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1289** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1290**
1291** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1292** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1293** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1294** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1295** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1296** are harmless no-ops.)^
1297**
1298** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1299** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1300** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1301** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1302**
1303** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1304** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1305** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1306** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1307** sqlite3_shutdown().
1308**
1309** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1310** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1311** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1312**
1313** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1314** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1315** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1316** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1317**
1318** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1319** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1320** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1321** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1322** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1323** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1324** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1325** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1326** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1327** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1328** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1329** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1330** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1331** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1332**
1333** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1334** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1335** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1336** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1337** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1338** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1339** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1340**
1341** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1342** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1343** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1344** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1345** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1346** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1347** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1348** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1349** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1350** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1351** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1352** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1353** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1354** failure.
1355*/
1356int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1357int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1358int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1359int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1360
1361/*
1362** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1363**
1364** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1365** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1366** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1367** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1368** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1369**
1370** The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe.  The application
1371** must insure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1372** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.  Furthermore, sqlite3_config()
1373** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1374** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1375** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1376** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1377** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1378** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1379**
1380** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1381** [configuration option] that determines
1382** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1383** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1384** in the first argument.
1385**
1386** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1387** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1388** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1389*/
1390int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1391
1392/*
1393** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1394** METHOD: sqlite3
1395**
1396** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1397** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1398** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1399** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1400**
1401** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1402** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1403** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1404** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1405**
1406** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1407** the call is considered successful.
1408*/
1409int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1410
1411/*
1412** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1413**
1414** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1415** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1416**
1417** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1418** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1419** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1420** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1421** By creating an instance of this object
1422** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1423** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1424** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1425** dynamic memory needs.
1426**
1427** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1428** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1429** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1430** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1431** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1432** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1433** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1434** conditions.
1435**
1436** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1437** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1438** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1439** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1440**
1441** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1442** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1443** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1444**
1445** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1446** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1447** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1448** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1449** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1450** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1451** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1452**
1453** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1454** it might allocate any require mutexes or initialize internal data
1455** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1456** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1457** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1458** xInit and xShutdown.
1459**
1460** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER] mutex when it invokes
1461** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1462** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1463** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1464** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1465** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1466** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1467** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1468** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1469** serialization.
1470**
1471** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1472** call to xShutdown().
1473*/
1474typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1475struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1476  void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1477  void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1478  void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1479  int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1480  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1481  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1482  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1483  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1484};
1485
1486/*
1487** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1488** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1489**
1490** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1491** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1492**
1493** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1494** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1495** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1496** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1497** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1498** is invoked.
1499**
1500** <dl>
1501** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1502** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1503** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1504** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1505** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1506** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1507** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1508** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1509** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1510** configuration option.</dd>
1511**
1512** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1513** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1514** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1515** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1516** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1517** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1518** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1519** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1520** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1521** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1522** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1523** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1524** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1525**
1526** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1527** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1528** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1529** all mutexes including the recursive
1530** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1531** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1532** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1533** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1534** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1535** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1536** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1537** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1538** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1539** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1540** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1541**
1542** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1543** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1544** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1545** The argument specifies
1546** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1547** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1548** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1549** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1550**
1551** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1552** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1553** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1554** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1555** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1556** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1557** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1558** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1559**
1560** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1561** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1562** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1563** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1564** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1565**   <ul>
1566**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1567**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1568**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1569**   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1570**   </ul>)^
1571** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1572** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1573** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1574** </dd>
1575**
1576** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1577** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option specifies a static memory buffer
1578** that SQLite can use for scratch memory.  ^(There are three arguments
1579** to SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH:  A pointer an 8-byte
1580** aligned memory buffer from which the scratch allocations will be
1581** drawn, the size of each scratch allocation (sz),
1582** and the maximum number of scratch allocations (N).)^
1583** The first argument must be a pointer to an 8-byte aligned buffer
1584** of at least sz*N bytes of memory.
1585** ^SQLite will not use more than one scratch buffers per thread.
1586** ^SQLite will never request a scratch buffer that is more than 6
1587** times the database page size.
1588** ^If SQLite needs needs additional
1589** scratch memory beyond what is provided by this configuration option, then
1590** [sqlite3_malloc()] will be used to obtain the memory needed.<p>
1591** ^When the application provides any amount of scratch memory using
1592** SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH, SQLite avoids unnecessary large
1593** [sqlite3_malloc|heap allocations].
1594** This can help [Robson proof|prevent memory allocation failures] due to heap
1595** fragmentation in low-memory embedded systems.
1596** </dd>
1597**
1598** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1599** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a static memory buffer
1600** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1601** cache implementation.
1602** This configuration should not be used if an application-define page
1603** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]
1604** configuration option.
1605** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1606** 8-byte aligned
1607** memory, the size of each page buffer (sz), and the number of pages (N).
1608** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1609** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1610** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1611** can be determined using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ] option
1612** to [sqlite3_config()].
1613** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1614** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The first
1615** argument should pointer to an 8-byte aligned block of memory that
1616** is at least sz*N bytes of memory, otherwise subsequent behavior is
1617** undefined.
1618** ^SQLite will use the memory provided by the first argument to satisfy its
1619** memory needs for the first N pages that it adds to cache.  ^If additional
1620** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by this option, then
1621** SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] for the additional storage space.</dd>
1622**
1623** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1624** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1625** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1626** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and
1627** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1628** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1629** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1630** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1631** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1632** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1633** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1634** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1635** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1636** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1637** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1638** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1639** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1640** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1641** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1642** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1643**
1644** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1645** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1646** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1647** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1648** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1649** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1650** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1651** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1652** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1653** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1654** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1655**
1656** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1657** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1658** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1659** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1660** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1661** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1662** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1663** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1664** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1665** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1666** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1667** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1668**
1669** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1670** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1671** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1672** The first argument is the
1673** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1674** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1675** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1676** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1677** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1678**
1679** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1680** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1681** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1682** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1683** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1684**
1685** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1686** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1687** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1688** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1689**
1690** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1691** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1692** global [error log].
1693** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1694** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1695** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1696** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1697** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1698** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1699** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1700** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1701** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1702** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1703** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1704** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1705** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1706** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1707** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1708** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1709**
1710** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1711** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1712** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1713** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1714** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1715** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1716** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1717** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1718** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1719** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1720** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1721** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1722** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1723**
1724** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1725** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1726** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1727** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1728** ^The default setting is determined
1729** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1730** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1731** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1732** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1733** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1734** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1735** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1736**
1737** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1738** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1739** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1740** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1741** </dd>
1742**
1743** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1744** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1745** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1746** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1747** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1748** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1749** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1750** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1751** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1752** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1753** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1754** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1755** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1756** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1757** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1758** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1759**
1760** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1761** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1762** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1763** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1764** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1765** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1766** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1767** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1768** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1769** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1770** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1771** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1772** changed to its compile-time default.
1773**
1774** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1775** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1776** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1777** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1778** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1779** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1780**
1781** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1782** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1783** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1784** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1785** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1786** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1787** target platform, and SQLite version.
1788**
1789** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1790** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1791** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1792** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1793** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1794** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1795** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1796** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1797** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1798** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1799** </dl>
1800*/
1801#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
1802#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
1803#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
1804#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1805#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1806#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1807#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1808#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
1809#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
1810#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1811#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1812/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
1813#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
1814#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
1815#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
1816#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
1817#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
1818#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1819#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1820#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
1821#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
1822#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
1823#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
1824#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
1825#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
1826
1827/*
1828** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
1829**
1830** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1831** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
1832**
1833** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1834** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1835** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
1836** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
1837** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1838** is invoked.
1839**
1840** <dl>
1841** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1842** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
1843** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
1844** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
1845** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
1846** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
1847** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
1848** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
1849** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
1850** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
1851** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
1852** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
1853** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
1854** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
1855** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
1856** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
1857** when the "current value" returned by
1858** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
1859** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
1860** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
1861** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
1862**
1863** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
1864** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
1865** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
1866** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
1867** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
1868** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1869** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
1870** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1871** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
1872**
1873** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
1874** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
1875** There should be two additional arguments.
1876** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
1877** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
1878** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1879** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
1880** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1881** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
1882**
1883** </dl>
1884*/
1885#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE       1001  /* void* int int */
1886#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY     1002  /* int int* */
1887#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER  1003  /* int int* */
1888
1889
1890/*
1891** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
1892** METHOD: sqlite3
1893**
1894** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
1895** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
1896** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
1897*/
1898int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
1899
1900/*
1901** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
1902** METHOD: sqlite3
1903**
1904** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
1905** has a unique 64-bit signed
1906** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
1907** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
1908** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
1909** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
1910** is another alias for the rowid.
1911**
1912** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface returns the [rowid] of the
1913** most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
1914** on database connection D.
1915** ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not recorded.
1916** ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables
1917** have ever occurred on the database connection D,
1918** then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns zero.
1919**
1920** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger or within a [virtual table]
1921** method, then this routine will return the [rowid] of the inserted
1922** row as long as the trigger or virtual table method is running.
1923** But once the trigger or virtual table method ends, the value returned
1924** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger or virtual
1925** table method began.)^
1926**
1927** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
1928** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
1929** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
1930** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
1931** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
1932** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
1933** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
1934** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
1935** the return value of this interface.)^
1936**
1937** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
1938** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
1939**
1940** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
1941** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
1942**
1943** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
1944** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
1945** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
1946** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
1947** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
1948** last insert [rowid].
1949*/
1950sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
1951
1952/*
1953** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
1954** METHOD: sqlite3
1955**
1956** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
1957** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
1958** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
1959** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
1960** returned by this function.
1961**
1962** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
1963** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
1964** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
1965**
1966** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
1967** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
1968** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
1969** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
1970** tables are counted.
1971**
1972** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
1973** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
1974** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
1975** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
1976**
1977** <ul>
1978**   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
1979**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
1980**        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
1981**
1982**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
1983**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
1984**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
1985**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
1986**        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
1987** </ul>
1988**
1989** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
1990** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
1991** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
1992** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
1993** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
1994** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
1995**
1996** See also the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface, the
1997** [count_changes pragma], and the [changes() SQL function].
1998**
1999** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2000** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2001** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2002*/
2003int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2004
2005/*
2006** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2007** METHOD: sqlite3
2008**
2009** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2010** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2011** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2012** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2013** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2014**
2015** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2016** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2017** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2018** are not counted.
2019**
2020** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface, the
2021** [count_changes pragma], and the [total_changes() SQL function].
2022**
2023** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2024** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2025** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2026*/
2027int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2028
2029/*
2030** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2031** METHOD: sqlite3
2032**
2033** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2034** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2035** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2036** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2037** immediately.
2038**
2039** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2040** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2041** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2042** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2043**
2044** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2045** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2046** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2047**
2048** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2049** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2050** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2051** will be rolled back automatically.
2052**
2053** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2054** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2055** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2056** running statements reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2057** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2058** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2059** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2060** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2061** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2062** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2063**
2064** If the database connection closes while [sqlite3_interrupt()]
2065** is running then bad things will likely happen.
2066*/
2067void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2068
2069/*
2070** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2071**
2072** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2073** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2074** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2075** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2076** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2077** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2078** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2079** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2080** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2081** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2082** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2083**
2084** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2085** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2086**
2087** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2088** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2089**
2090** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2091** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2092** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2093** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2094** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2095**
2096** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2097** UTF-8 string.
2098**
2099** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2100** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2101*/
2102int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2103int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2104
2105/*
2106** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2107** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2108** METHOD: sqlite3
2109**
2110** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2111** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2112** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2113** [database connection] D when another thread
2114** or process has the table locked.
2115** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2116** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2117**
2118** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2119** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2120** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2121**
2122** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2123** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2124** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2125** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2126** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2127** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2128** to the application.
2129** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2130** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2131**
2132** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2133** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2134** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2135** to the application instead of invoking the
2136** busy handler.
2137** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2138** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2139** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2140** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2141** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2142** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2143** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2144** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2145** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2146** the second process to proceed.
2147**
2148** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2149**
2150** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2151** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2152** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2153** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2154** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2155**
2156** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2157** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2158** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2159** result in undefined behavior.
2160**
2161** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2162** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2163*/
2164int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*,int), void*);
2165
2166/*
2167** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2168** METHOD: sqlite3
2169**
2170** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2171** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2172** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2173** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2174** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2175** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2176**
2177** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2178** turns off all busy handlers.
2179**
2180** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2181** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2182** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2183** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2184**
2185** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2186*/
2187int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2188
2189/*
2190** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2191** METHOD: sqlite3
2192**
2193** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2194** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2195**
2196** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2197** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2198** complete query results from one or more queries.
2199**
2200** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2201** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2202** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2203** and M be the number of columns.
2204**
2205** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2206** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2207** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2208** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2209** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2210** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2211**
2212** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2213** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2214** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2215**
2216** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2217** is as follows:
2218**
2219** <blockquote><pre>
2220**        Name        | Age
2221**        -----------------------
2222**        Alice       | 43
2223**        Bob         | 28
2224**        Cindy       | 21
2225** </pre></blockquote>
2226**
2227** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2228** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2229** in an array names azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2230**
2231** <blockquote><pre>
2232**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2233**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2234**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2235**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2236**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2237**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2238**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2239**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2240** </pre></blockquote>)^
2241**
2242** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2243** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2244** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2245** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2246**
2247** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2248** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2249** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2250** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2251** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2252** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2253**
2254** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2255** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2256** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2257** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2258** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2259** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2260** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2261*/
2262int sqlite3_get_table(
2263  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2264  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2265  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2266  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2267  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2268  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2269);
2270void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2271
2272/*
2273** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2274**
2275** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2276** from the standard C library.
2277** These routines understand most of the common K&R formatting options,
2278** plus some additional non-standard formats, detailed below.
2279** Note that some of the more obscure formatting options from recent
2280** C-library standards are omitted from this implementation.
2281**
2282** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2283** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
2284** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2285** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2286** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc()] is unable to allocate enough
2287** memory to hold the resulting string.
2288**
2289** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2290** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2291** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2292** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2293** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2294** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2295** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2296** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2297** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2298** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2299** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2300** now without breaking compatibility.
2301**
2302** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2303** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2304** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2305** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2306** written will be n-1 characters.
2307**
2308** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2309**
2310** These routines all implement some additional formatting
2311** options that are useful for constructing SQL statements.
2312** All of the usual printf() formatting options apply.  In addition, there
2313** is are "%q", "%Q", "%w" and "%z" options.
2314**
2315** ^(The %q option works like %s in that it substitutes a nul-terminated
2316** string from the argument list.  But %q also doubles every '\'' character.
2317** %q is designed for use inside a string literal.)^  By doubling each '\''
2318** character it escapes that character and allows it to be inserted into
2319** the string.
2320**
2321** For example, assume the string variable zText contains text as follows:
2322**
2323** <blockquote><pre>
2324**  char *zText = "It's a happy day!";
2325** </pre></blockquote>
2326**
2327** One can use this text in an SQL statement as follows:
2328**
2329** <blockquote><pre>
2330**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES('%q')", zText);
2331**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2332**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2333** </pre></blockquote>
2334**
2335** Because the %q format string is used, the '\'' character in zText
2336** is escaped and the SQL generated is as follows:
2337**
2338** <blockquote><pre>
2339**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It''s a happy day!')
2340** </pre></blockquote>
2341**
2342** This is correct.  Had we used %s instead of %q, the generated SQL
2343** would have looked like this:
2344**
2345** <blockquote><pre>
2346**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It's a happy day!');
2347** </pre></blockquote>
2348**
2349** This second example is an SQL syntax error.  As a general rule you should
2350** always use %q instead of %s when inserting text into a string literal.
2351**
2352** ^(The %Q option works like %q except it also adds single quotes around
2353** the outside of the total string.  Additionally, if the parameter in the
2354** argument list is a NULL pointer, %Q substitutes the text "NULL" (without
2355** single quotes).)^  So, for example, one could say:
2356**
2357** <blockquote><pre>
2358**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES(%Q)", zText);
2359**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2360**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2361** </pre></blockquote>
2362**
2363** The code above will render a correct SQL statement in the zSQL
2364** variable even if the zText variable is a NULL pointer.
2365**
2366** ^(The "%w" formatting option is like "%q" except that it expects to
2367** be contained within double-quotes instead of single quotes, and it
2368** escapes the double-quote character instead of the single-quote
2369** character.)^  The "%w" formatting option is intended for safely inserting
2370** table and column names into a constructed SQL statement.
2371**
2372** ^(The "%z" formatting option works like "%s" but with the
2373** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
2374** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string.)^
2375*/
2376char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2377char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2378char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2379char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2380
2381/*
2382** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2383**
2384** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2385** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2386** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
2387** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2388**
2389** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2390** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2391** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2392** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2393** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2394** a NULL pointer.
2395**
2396** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2397** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2398** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2399**
2400** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2401** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2402** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2403** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2404** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2405** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2406** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2407** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2408** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2409** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2410**
2411** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2412** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2413** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2414** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2415** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2416** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2417** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2418** sqlite3_free(X).
2419** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2420** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2421** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2422** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2423** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2424** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2425** prior allocation is not freed.
2426**
2427** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2428** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2429** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2430**
2431** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2432** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2433** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2434** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2435** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2436** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2437** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2438** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2439** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2440**
2441** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2442** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2443** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2444** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2445** option is used.
2446**
2447** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
2448** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in
2449** implementation of these routines to be omitted.  That capability
2450** is no longer provided.  Only built-in memory allocators can be used.
2451**
2452** Prior to SQLite version 3.7.10, the Windows OS interface layer called
2453** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
2454** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
2455** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
2456** installation.  Memory allocation errors were detected, but
2457** they were reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
2458** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
2459**
2460** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2461** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2462** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2463** not yet been released.
2464**
2465** The application must not read or write any part of
2466** a block of memory after it has been released using
2467** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2468*/
2469void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2470void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2471void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2472void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2473void sqlite3_free(void*);
2474sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2475
2476/*
2477** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2478**
2479** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2480** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2481** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2482**
2483** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2484** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2485** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2486** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2487** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2488** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2489** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2490** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2491** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2492**
2493** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2494** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2495** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2496** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2497** prior to the reset.
2498*/
2499sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2500sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2501
2502/*
2503** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2504**
2505** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2506** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2507** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2508** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2509** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2510**
2511** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2512** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2513**
2514** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2515** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2516** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2517** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2518** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2519** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2520** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2521** method.
2522*/
2523void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2524
2525/*
2526** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2527** METHOD: sqlite3
2528**
2529** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2530** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2531** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2532** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2533** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  ^At various
2534** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2535** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2536** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2537** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2538** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2539** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2540** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2541** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2542** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2543** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2544**
2545** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2546** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2547** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2548** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2549** access is denied.
2550**
2551** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2552** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2553** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2554** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2555** to the callback are zero-terminated strings that contain additional
2556** details about the action to be authorized.
2557**
2558** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2559** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2560** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2561** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2562** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2563** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2564** columns of a table.
2565** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2566** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2567** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2568**
2569** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2570** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2571** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2572** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2573** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2574** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
2575** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
2576** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
2577** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
2578** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
2579**
2580** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
2581** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
2582** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
2583** in addition to using an authorizer.
2584**
2585** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
2586** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
2587** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
2588** The authorizer is disabled by default.
2589**
2590** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
2591** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
2592** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2593** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2594**
2595** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
2596** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
2597** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
2598** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
2599**
2600** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
2601** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
2602** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
2603** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
2604** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
2605*/
2606int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
2607  sqlite3*,
2608  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
2609  void *pUserData
2610);
2611
2612/*
2613** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
2614**
2615** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
2616** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
2617** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
2618** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
2619** information.
2620**
2621** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
2622** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
2623*/
2624#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
2625#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
2626
2627/*
2628** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
2629**
2630** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
2631** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
2632** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
2633** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
2634** the authorizer callback may be passed.
2635**
2636** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
2637** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
2638** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
2639** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
2640** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
2641** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
2642** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
2643** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
2644** top-level SQL code.
2645*/
2646/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
2647#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2648#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2649#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2650#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2651#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2652#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
2653#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2654#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
2655#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2656#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2657#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2658#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2659#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2660#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2661#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
2662#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2663#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
2664#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2665#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
2666#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2667#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
2668#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
2669#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2670#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
2671#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
2672#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
2673#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
2674#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2675#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2676#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2677#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
2678#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
2679#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
2680#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
2681
2682/*
2683** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
2684** METHOD: sqlite3
2685**
2686** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
2687** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
2688**
2689** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
2690** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
2691** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
2692** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
2693** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
2694** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
2695** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
2696**
2697** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
2698** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
2699**
2700** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
2701** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
2702** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
2703** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
2704** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
2705** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
2706** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
2707** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  The
2708** sqlite3_profile() function is considered experimental and is
2709** subject to change in future versions of SQLite.
2710*/
2711void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
2712SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
2713   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
2714
2715/*
2716** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
2717** METHOD: sqlite3
2718**
2719** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
2720** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
2721** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
2722** database connection D.  An example use for this
2723** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
2724**
2725** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
2726** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
2727** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
2728** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
2729** handler is disabled.
2730**
2731** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
2732** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
2733** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
2734** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
2735** than 1.
2736**
2737** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
2738** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
2739** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
2740**
2741** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
2742** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
2743** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2744** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2745**
2746*/
2747void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
2748
2749/*
2750** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
2751** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
2752**
2753** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
2754** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
2755** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
2756** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
2757** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
2758** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
2759** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
2760** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
2761** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
2762** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
2763** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
2764** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
2765**
2766** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
2767** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
2768** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
2769**
2770** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
2771** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
2772** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
2773**
2774** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
2775** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
2776** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
2777** sqlite3_open_v2() can take one of
2778** the following three values, optionally combined with the
2779** [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE],
2780** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE], and/or [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flags:)^
2781**
2782** <dl>
2783** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
2784** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
2785** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
2786**
2787** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
2788** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
2789** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
2790** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
2791**
2792** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
2793** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
2794** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
2795** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
2796** </dl>
2797**
2798** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
2799** combinations shown above optionally combined with other
2800** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
2801** then the behavior is undefined.
2802**
2803** ^If the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] flag is set, then the database connection
2804** opens in the multi-thread [threading mode] as long as the single-thread
2805** mode has not been set at compile-time or start-time.  ^If the
2806** [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flag is set then the database connection opens
2807** in the serialized [threading mode] unless single-thread was
2808** previously selected at compile-time or start-time.
2809** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag causes the database connection to be
2810** eligible to use [shared cache mode], regardless of whether or not shared
2811** cache is enabled using [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].  ^The
2812** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE] flag causes the database connection to not
2813** participate in [shared cache mode] even if it is enabled.
2814**
2815** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
2816** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
2817** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
2818** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
2819**
2820** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
2821** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
2822** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
2823** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
2824** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
2825** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
2826** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
2827**
2828** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
2829** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
2830** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
2831**
2832** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
2833**
2834** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
2835** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
2836** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
2837** set in the fourth argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
2838** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
2839** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
2840** As of SQLite version 3.7.7, URI filename interpretation is turned off
2841** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
2842** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
2843** information.
2844**
2845** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
2846** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
2847** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
2848** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
2849** present, is ignored.
2850**
2851** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
2852** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
2853** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
2854** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
2855** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
2856** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
2857** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
2858**
2859** [[core URI query parameters]]
2860** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
2861** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
2862** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
2863** following query parameters:
2864**
2865** <ul>
2866**   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
2867**     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
2868**     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
2869**     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
2870**     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
2871**     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
2872**     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
2873**
2874**   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
2875**     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
2876**     an error)^.
2877**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
2878**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
2879**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
2880**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
2881**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
2882**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
2883**     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
2884**     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
2885**     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
2886**     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
2887**     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
2888**
2889**   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
2890**     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
2891**     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
2892**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
2893**     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
2894**     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
2895**     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
2896**     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
2897**
2898**  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
2899**     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
2900**     storage media on which the database file resides.
2901**
2902**  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
2903**     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
2904**     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
2905**     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
2906**     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
2907**     processes uses nolock=1.
2908**
2909**  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
2910**     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
2911**     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
2912**     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
2913**     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
2914**     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
2915**     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
2916**     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
2917**     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
2918**
2919** </ul>
2920**
2921** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
2922** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
2923** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
2924** additional information.
2925**
2926** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
2927**
2928** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
2929** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
2930** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
2931**          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
2932** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
2933**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
2934**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
2935**          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
2936** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
2937**          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
2938** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
2939**          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
2940**     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
2941**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
2942**          necessary - space characters can be used literally
2943**          in URI filenames.
2944** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
2945**          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
2946**          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
2947**          default, use a private cache.
2948** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
2949**          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
2950**          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
2951** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
2952**          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
2953** </table>
2954**
2955** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
2956** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
2957** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
2958** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
2959** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
2960** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
2961** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
2962** the results are undefined.
2963**
2964** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
2965** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
2966** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
2967** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
2968** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
2969**
2970** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
2971** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
2972** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
2973**
2974** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
2975*/
2976int sqlite3_open(
2977  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
2978  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
2979);
2980int sqlite3_open16(
2981  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
2982  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
2983);
2984int sqlite3_open_v2(
2985  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
2986  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
2987  int flags,              /* Flags */
2988  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
2989);
2990
2991/*
2992** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
2993**
2994** These are utility routines, useful to VFS implementations, that check
2995** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
2996** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
2997**
2998** If F is the database filename pointer passed into the xOpen() method of
2999** a VFS implementation when the flags parameter to xOpen() has one or
3000** more of the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] or [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB] bits set and
3001** P is the name of the query parameter, then
3002** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3003** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3004** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F
3005** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3006** a pointer to an empty string.
3007**
3008** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3009** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3010** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3011** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3012** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3013** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3014** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3015** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3016** parameter on F or if the value of P is does not match any of the
3017** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3018**
3019** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3020** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3021** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3022** zero is returned.
3023**
3024** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3025** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3026** is not a database file pathname pointer that SQLite passed into the xOpen
3027** VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined and probably
3028** undesirable.
3029*/
3030const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3031int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3032sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3033
3034
3035/*
3036** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3037** METHOD: sqlite3
3038**
3039** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3040** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3041** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3042** API call.
3043** If the most recent API call was successful,
3044** then the return value from sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
3045** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3046** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3047** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3048** disabled.
3049**
3050** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3051** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3052** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3053** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3054** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3055** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3056**
3057** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3058** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3059** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3060** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3061**
3062** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3063** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3064** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3065** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3066** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3067** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3068** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3069** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3070** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3071**
3072** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3073** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3074** error code and message may or may not be set.
3075*/
3076int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3077int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3078const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3079const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3080const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3081
3082/*
3083** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3084** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3085**
3086** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3087** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3088**
3089** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3090** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3091** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3092** prepared statement before it can be run.
3093**
3094** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3095**
3096** <ol>
3097** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3098** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3099**      interfaces.
3100** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3101** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3102**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3103** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3104** </ol>
3105*/
3106typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3107
3108/*
3109** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3110** METHOD: sqlite3
3111**
3112** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3113** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3114** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3115** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3116** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3117** new limit for that construct.)^
3118**
3119** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3120** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3121** [limits | hard upper bound]
3122** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3123** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3124** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3125** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3126** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3127**
3128** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3129** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3130** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3131** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3132**
3133** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3134** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3135** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3136** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3137** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3138** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3139** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3140** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3141** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3142** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3143** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3144** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3145**
3146** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3147*/
3148int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3149
3150/*
3151** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3152** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3153**
3154** These constants define various performance limits
3155** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3156** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3157** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3158**
3159** <dl>
3160** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3161** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3162**
3163** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3164** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3165**
3166** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3167** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3168** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3169** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3170**
3171** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3172** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3173**
3174** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3175** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3176**
3177** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3178** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3179** used to implement an SQL statement.  This limit is not currently
3180** enforced, though that might be added in some future release of
3181** SQLite.</dd>)^
3182**
3183** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3184** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3185**
3186** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3187** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3188**
3189** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3190** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3191** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3192** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3193**
3194** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3195** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3196** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3197**
3198** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3199** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3200**
3201** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3202** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3203** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3204** </dl>
3205*/
3206#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3207#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3208#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3209#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3210#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3211#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3212#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3213#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3214#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3215#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3216#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3217#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3218
3219/*
3220** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3221** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3222** METHOD: sqlite3
3223** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3224**
3225** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3226** program using one of these routines.
3227**
3228** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3229** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3230** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3231**
3232** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3233** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare_v2()
3234** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2()
3235** use UTF-16.
3236**
3237** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3238** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3239** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3240** statement is generated.
3241** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3242** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3243** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3244** the nul-terminator.
3245**
3246** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3247** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3248** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3249** what remains uncompiled.
3250**
3251** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3252** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3253** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3254** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3255** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3256** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3257** ppStmt may not be NULL.
3258**
3259** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
3260** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
3261**
3262** The sqlite3_prepare_v2() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2() interfaces are
3263** recommended for all new programs. The two older interfaces are retained
3264** for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
3265** ^In the "v2" interfaces, the prepared statement
3266** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
3267** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
3268** behave differently in three ways:
3269**
3270** <ol>
3271** <li>
3272** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
3273** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
3274** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
3275** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
3276** </li>
3277**
3278** <li>
3279** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
3280** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
3281** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
3282** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
3283** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
3284** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
3285** </li>
3286**
3287** <li>
3288** ^If the specific value bound to [parameter | host parameter] in the
3289** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
3290** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
3291** a schema change, on the first  [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
3292** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
3293** ^The specific value of WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
3294** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
3295** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
3296** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3] compile-time option is enabled.
3297** </li>
3298** </ol>
3299*/
3300int sqlite3_prepare(
3301  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3302  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3303  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3304  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3305  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3306);
3307int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
3308  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3309  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3310  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3311  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3312  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3313);
3314int sqlite3_prepare16(
3315  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3316  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3317  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3318  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3319  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3320);
3321int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
3322  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3323  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3324  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3325  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3326  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3327);
3328
3329/*
3330** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
3331** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3332**
3333** ^This interface can be used to retrieve a saved copy of the original
3334** SQL text used to create a [prepared statement] if that statement was
3335** compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3336*/
3337const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3338
3339/*
3340** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
3341** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3342**
3343** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
3344** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
3345** the content of the database file.
3346**
3347** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
3348** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
3349** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
3350** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
3351** change the database file through side-effects:
3352**
3353** <blockquote><pre>
3354**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
3355** </pre></blockquote>
3356**
3357** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
3358** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
3359**
3360** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
3361** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
3362** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
3363** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
3364** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
3365** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
3366** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
3367** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
3368*/
3369int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3370
3371/*
3372** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
3373** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3374**
3375** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
3376** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
3377** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
3378** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
3379** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
3380** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
3381** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
3382** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
3383**
3384** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
3385** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
3386** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
3387** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
3388** statements that are holding a transaction open.
3389*/
3390int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
3391
3392/*
3393** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
3394** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
3395**
3396** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
3397** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
3398** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
3399** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
3400**
3401** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
3402** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
3403** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3404** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
3405** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
3406** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
3407** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3408**
3409** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
3410** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
3411** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
3412** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
3413** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
3414** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
3415** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
3416** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
3417** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
3418** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
3419** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
3420** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
3421**
3422** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
3423** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
3424** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
3425** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
3426** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used with
3427** [sqlite3_result_value()] and [sqlite3_bind_value()].
3428** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
3429** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
3430*/
3431typedef struct Mem sqlite3_value;
3432
3433/*
3434** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
3435**
3436** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
3437** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
3438** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
3439** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
3440** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
3441** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
3442** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
3443** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
3444*/
3445typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
3446
3447/*
3448** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
3449** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
3450** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
3451** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3452**
3453** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
3454** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
3455** templates:
3456**
3457** <ul>
3458** <li>  ?
3459** <li>  ?NNN
3460** <li>  :VVV
3461** <li>  @VVV
3462** <li>  $VVV
3463** </ul>
3464**
3465** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
3466** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
3467** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
3468** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
3469**
3470** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
3471** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
3472** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
3473**
3474** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
3475** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
3476** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
3477** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
3478** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
3479** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
3480** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
3481** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
3482** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 999).
3483**
3484** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
3485** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3486** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
3487** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
3488**
3489** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
3490** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
3491** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
3492** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3493** is negative, then the length of the string is
3494** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
3495** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
3496** the behavior is undefined.
3497** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
3498** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
3499** that parameter must be the byte offset
3500** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
3501** terminated.  If any NUL characters occur at byte offsets less than
3502** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
3503** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
3504** with embedded NULs is undefined.
3505**
3506** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
3507** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
3508** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
3509** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to bind API fails.
3510** ^If the fifth argument is
3511** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
3512** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
3513** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
3514** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
3515** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
3516**
3517** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
3518** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
3519** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
3520** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
3521** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
3522** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
3523** is undefined.
3524**
3525** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
3526** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
3527** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
3528** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
3529** content is later written using
3530** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
3531** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
3532**
3533** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
3534** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
3535** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
3536** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
3537** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
3538** result is undefined and probably harmful.
3539**
3540** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
3541** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
3542**
3543** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
3544** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
3545** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
3546** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
3547** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
3548** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
3549** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
3550**
3551** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
3552** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3553*/
3554int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
3555int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
3556                        void(*)(void*));
3557int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
3558int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
3559int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
3560int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3561int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
3562int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
3563int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
3564                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
3565int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
3566int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
3567int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
3568
3569/*
3570** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
3571** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3572**
3573** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
3574** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
3575** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
3576** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
3577** to the parameters at a later time.
3578**
3579** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
3580** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
3581** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
3582** there may be gaps in the list.)^
3583**
3584** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3585** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
3586** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3587*/
3588int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
3589
3590/*
3591** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
3592** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3593**
3594** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
3595** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
3596** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3597** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3598** respectively.
3599** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
3600** is included as part of the name.)^
3601** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
3602** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
3603**
3604** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
3605**
3606** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
3607** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
3608** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
3609** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()] or
3610** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3611**
3612** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3613** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3614** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3615*/
3616const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3617
3618/*
3619** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
3620** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3621**
3622** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
3623** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
3624** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
3625** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
3626** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
3627** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3628**
3629** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3630** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3631** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3632*/
3633int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
3634
3635/*
3636** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
3637** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3638**
3639** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
3640** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
3641** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
3642*/
3643int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
3644
3645/*
3646** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
3647** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3648**
3649** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
3650** [prepared statement]. ^This routine returns 0 if pStmt is an SQL
3651** statement that does not return data (for example an [UPDATE]).
3652**
3653** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
3654*/
3655int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3656
3657/*
3658** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
3659** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3660**
3661** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
3662** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
3663** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
3664** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
3665** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
3666** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
3667** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
3668**
3669** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
3670** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
3671** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
3672** or until the next call to
3673** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
3674**
3675** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
3676** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
3677** NULL pointer is returned.
3678**
3679** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
3680** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
3681** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
3682** one release of SQLite to the next.
3683*/
3684const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3685const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3686
3687/*
3688** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
3689** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3690**
3691** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
3692** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
3693** [SELECT] statement.
3694** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
3695** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
3696** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
3697** the origin_ routines return the column name.
3698** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
3699** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
3700** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
3701** or until the same information is requested
3702** again in a different encoding.
3703**
3704** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
3705** database, table, and column.
3706**
3707** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
3708** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
3709** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
3710** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
3711**
3712** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
3713** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
3714** NULL.  ^These routine might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
3715** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
3716** or column that query result column was extracted from.
3717**
3718** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
3719** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
3720**
3721** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
3722** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
3723**
3724** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
3725** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
3726** undefined.
3727**
3728** If two or more threads call one or more
3729** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
3730** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
3731** at the same time then the results are undefined.
3732*/
3733const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3734const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3735const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3736const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3737const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3738const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3739
3740/*
3741** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
3742** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3743**
3744** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
3745** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
3746** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
3747** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
3748** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
3749** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
3750** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
3751**
3752** ^(For example, given the database schema:
3753**
3754** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
3755**
3756** and the following statement to be compiled:
3757**
3758** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
3759**
3760** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
3761** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
3762**
3763** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
3764** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
3765** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
3766** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
3767** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
3768** used to hold those values.
3769*/
3770const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3771const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3772
3773/*
3774** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
3775** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3776**
3777** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
3778** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
3779** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
3780** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
3781**
3782** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
3783** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "v2" interface
3784** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
3785** interface [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
3786** new "v2" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
3787** interface will continue to be supported.
3788**
3789** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
3790** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
3791** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
3792** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
3793**
3794** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
3795** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
3796** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
3797** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
3798** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
3799** continuing.
3800**
3801** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
3802** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
3803** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
3804** machine back to its initial state.
3805**
3806** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
3807** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
3808** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
3809** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
3810**
3811** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
3812** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
3813** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
3814** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
3815** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
3816** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
3817** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
3818** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
3819**
3820** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
3821** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
3822** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
3823** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
3824** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
3825** more threads at the same moment in time.
3826**
3827** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
3828** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
3829** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
3830** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
3831** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
3832** sqlite3_step().  But after version 3.6.23.1, sqlite3_step() began
3833** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
3834** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
3835** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
3836** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
3837** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
3838**
3839** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
3840** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
3841** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
3842** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
3843** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
3844** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
3845** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
3846** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
3847** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
3848** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
3849** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
3850*/
3851int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
3852
3853/*
3854** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
3855** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3856**
3857** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
3858** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
3859** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
3860** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of
3861** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
3862** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
3863** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
3864** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
3865** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
3866** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
3867** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
3868** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
3869**
3870** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
3871*/
3872int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3873
3874/*
3875** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
3876** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
3877**
3878** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
3879**
3880** <ul>
3881** <li> 64-bit signed integer
3882** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
3883** <li> string
3884** <li> BLOB
3885** <li> NULL
3886** </ul>)^
3887**
3888** These constants are codes for each of those types.
3889**
3890** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
3891** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
3892** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
3893** SQLITE_TEXT.
3894*/
3895#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
3896#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
3897#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
3898#define SQLITE_NULL     5
3899#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
3900# undef SQLITE_TEXT
3901#else
3902# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
3903#endif
3904#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
3905
3906/*
3907** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
3908** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
3909** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3910**
3911** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
3912** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
3913** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
3914** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
3915** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
3916** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
3917** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
3918** [sqlite3_column_count()].
3919**
3920** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
3921** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
3922** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
3923** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
3924** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
3925** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
3926** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
3927** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
3928** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
3929** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
3930** are pending, then the results are undefined.
3931**
3932** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
3933** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
3934** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
3935** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].  The value
3936** returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no type
3937** conversions have occurred as described below.  After a type conversion,
3938** the value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is undefined.  Future
3939** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
3940** following a type conversion.
3941**
3942** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
3943** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
3944** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
3945** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
3946** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
3947** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
3948** the number of bytes in that string.
3949** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
3950**
3951** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
3952** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
3953** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
3954** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
3955** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
3956** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
3957** the number of bytes in that string.
3958** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
3959**
3960** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
3961** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
3962** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
3963** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
3964** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
3965**
3966** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
3967** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
3968** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
3969**
3970** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
3971** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
3972** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
3973** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
3974** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
3975** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
3976** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
3977** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
3978**
3979** These routines attempt to convert the value where appropriate.  ^For
3980** example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
3981** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
3982** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
3983** that are applied:
3984**
3985** <blockquote>
3986** <table border="1">
3987** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
3988**
3989** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
3990** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
3991** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
3992** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
3993** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
3994** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
3995** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
3996** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
3997** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
3998** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
3999** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4000** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4001** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4002** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4003** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4004** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4005** </table>
4006** </blockquote>)^
4007**
4008** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4009** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4010** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4011** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4012** in the following cases:
4013**
4014** <ul>
4015** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4016**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4017**      need to be added to the string.</li>
4018** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4019**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4020**      to UTF-16.</li>
4021** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4022**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4023**      to UTF-8.</li>
4024** </ul>
4025**
4026** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4027** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4028** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4029** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4030** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4031**
4032** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4033** in one of the following ways:
4034**
4035** <ul>
4036**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4037**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4038**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4039** </ul>
4040**
4041** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4042** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4043** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4044** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4045** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4046** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4047** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4048**
4049** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4050** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4051** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4052** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do <em>not</em> pass the pointers returned
4053** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4054** [sqlite3_free()].
4055**
4056** ^(If a memory allocation error occurs during the evaluation of any
4057** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
4058** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
4059** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
4060** [SQLITE_NOMEM].)^
4061*/
4062const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4063int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4064int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4065double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4066int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4067sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4068const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4069const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4070int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4071sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4072
4073/*
4074** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4075** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4076**
4077** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4078** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4079** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4080** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4081** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4082** [extended error code].
4083**
4084** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4085** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4086** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4087** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4088** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4089** completed execution.
4090**
4091** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4092**
4093** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4094** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4095** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4096** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4097** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
4098*/
4099int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4100
4101/*
4102** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
4103** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4104**
4105** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
4106** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
4107** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
4108** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
4109** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
4110**
4111** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
4112** back to the beginning of its program.
4113**
4114** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4115** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
4116** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
4117** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
4118**
4119** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4120** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
4121** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
4122**
4123** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
4124** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
4125*/
4126int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4127
4128/*
4129** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
4130** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
4131** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
4132** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
4133** METHOD: sqlite3
4134**
4135** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
4136** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
4137** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only differences between
4138** these routines are the text encoding expected for
4139** the second parameter (the name of the function being created)
4140** and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
4141** the application data pointer.
4142**
4143** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
4144** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
4145** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
4146** to each database connection separately.
4147**
4148** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
4149** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
4150** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
4151** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
4152** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
4153** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
4154**
4155** ^The third parameter (nArg)
4156** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
4157** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
4158** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
4159** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
4160** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
4161** undefined.
4162**
4163** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
4164** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
4165** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
4166** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
4167** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
4168** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
4169** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
4170** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
4171** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
4172** each encoding.
4173** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
4174** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
4175**
4176** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
4177** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
4178** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
4179** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
4180** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
4181** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
4182** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
4183**
4184** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
4185** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
4186**
4187** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
4188** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
4189** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
4190** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
4191** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
4192** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
4193** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
4194** callbacks.
4195**
4196** ^(If the ninth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() is not NULL,
4197** then it is destructor for the application data pointer.
4198** The destructor is invoked when the function is deleted, either by being
4199** overloaded or when the database connection closes.)^
4200** ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
4201** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.
4202** ^When the destructor callback of the tenth parameter is invoked, it
4203** is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application data
4204** pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
4205**
4206** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
4207** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
4208** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
4209** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
4210** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
4211** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
4212** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
4213** matches the database encoding is a better
4214** match than a function where the encoding is different.
4215** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
4216** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
4217** between UTF8 and UTF16.
4218**
4219** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
4220**
4221** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
4222** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
4223** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
4224** statement in which the function is running.
4225*/
4226int sqlite3_create_function(
4227  sqlite3 *db,
4228  const char *zFunctionName,
4229  int nArg,
4230  int eTextRep,
4231  void *pApp,
4232  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4233  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4234  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4235);
4236int sqlite3_create_function16(
4237  sqlite3 *db,
4238  const void *zFunctionName,
4239  int nArg,
4240  int eTextRep,
4241  void *pApp,
4242  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4243  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4244  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4245);
4246int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
4247  sqlite3 *db,
4248  const char *zFunctionName,
4249  int nArg,
4250  int eTextRep,
4251  void *pApp,
4252  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4253  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4254  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
4255  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4256);
4257
4258/*
4259** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
4260**
4261** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
4262** text encodings supported by SQLite.
4263*/
4264#define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
4265#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
4266#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
4267#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
4268#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
4269#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
4270
4271/*
4272** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
4273**
4274** These constants may be ORed together with the
4275** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
4276** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
4277** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
4278*/
4279#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x800
4280
4281/*
4282** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
4283** DEPRECATED
4284**
4285** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
4286** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
4287** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
4288** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
4289** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
4290*/
4291#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
4292SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
4293SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
4294SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
4295SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
4296SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
4297SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
4298                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
4299#endif
4300
4301/*
4302** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
4303** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4304**
4305** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
4306** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
4307** the function or aggregate.
4308**
4309** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
4310** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4311** define callbacks that implement the SQL functions and aggregates.
4312** The 3rd parameter to these callbacks is an array of pointers to
4313** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  There is one [sqlite3_value] object for
4314** each parameter to the SQL function.  These routines are used to
4315** extract values from the [sqlite3_value] objects.
4316**
4317** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
4318** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
4319** object results in undefined behavior.
4320**
4321** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
4322** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
4323** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
4324**
4325** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
4326** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
4327** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
4328** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
4329**
4330** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
4331** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
4332** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
4333** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
4334** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
4335** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
4336** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
4337**
4338** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
4339** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
4340** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
4341** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4342** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
4343**
4344** These routines must be called from the same thread as
4345** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
4346*/
4347const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
4348int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
4349int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
4350double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
4351int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
4352sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
4353const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
4354const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
4355const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
4356const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
4357int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
4358int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
4359
4360/*
4361** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
4362** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4363**
4364** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4365** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
4366** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
4367** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
4368** memory allocation fails.
4369**
4370** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
4371** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
4372** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
4373*/
4374SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
4375SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
4376
4377/*
4378** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
4379** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4380**
4381** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
4382** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
4383**
4384** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
4385** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite
4386** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
4387** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
4388** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
4389** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
4390** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
4391** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
4392** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
4393** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
4394** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
4395** first time from within xFinal().)^
4396**
4397** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
4398** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
4399** allocate error occurs.
4400**
4401** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
4402** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
4403** value of N in subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
4404** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
4405** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
4406** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
4407** pointless memory allocations occur.
4408**
4409** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
4410** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
4411**
4412** The first parameter must be a copy of the
4413** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
4414** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
4415** function.
4416**
4417** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4418** the aggregate SQL function is running.
4419*/
4420void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
4421
4422/*
4423** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
4424** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4425**
4426** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
4427** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
4428** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4429** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4430** registered the application defined function.
4431**
4432** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4433** the application-defined function is running.
4434*/
4435void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
4436
4437/*
4438** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
4439** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4440**
4441** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
4442** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
4443** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4444** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4445** registered the application defined function.
4446*/
4447sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
4448
4449/*
4450** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
4451** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4452**
4453** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
4454** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
4455** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
4456** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
4457** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
4458** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
4459** metadata associated with the pattern string.
4460** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
4461** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
4462** invocations of the same function.
4463**
4464** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface returns a pointer to the metadata
4465** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata() function with the Nth argument
4466** value to the application-defined function. ^If there is no metadata
4467** associated with the function argument, this sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface
4468** returns a NULL pointer.
4469**
4470** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
4471** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
4472** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
4473** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
4474** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
4475** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
4476** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
4477** once, when the metadata is discarded.
4478** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
4479** <li> when the corresponding function parameter changes, or
4480** <li> when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
4481**      SQL statement, or
4482** <li> when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same parameter, or
4483** <li> during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
4484**      allocation error occurs. </ul>)^
4485**
4486** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
4487** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
4488** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
4489** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
4490** function implementation should not make any use of P after
4491** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
4492**
4493** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
4494** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
4495** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
4496**
4497** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
4498** the SQL function is running.
4499*/
4500void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
4501void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
4502
4503
4504/*
4505** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
4506**
4507** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
4508** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
4509** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
4510** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
4511** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
4512** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
4513** the content before returning.
4514**
4515** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
4516** C++ compilers.
4517*/
4518typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
4519#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
4520#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
4521
4522/*
4523** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
4524** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4525**
4526** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
4527** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
4528** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4529** for additional information.
4530**
4531** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
4532** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
4533** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
4534**
4535** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
4536** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
4537** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
4538** third parameter.
4539**
4540** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
4541** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
4542** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
4543**
4544** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
4545** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
4546** by its 2nd argument.
4547**
4548** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
4549** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
4550** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
4551** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
4552** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
4553** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
4554** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 in native
4555** byte order.  ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
4556** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
4557** message all text up through the first zero character.
4558** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
4559** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
4560** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
4561** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
4562** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
4563** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
4564** modify the text after they return without harm.
4565** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
4566** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
4567** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
4568** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
4569**
4570** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4571** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
4572**
4573** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4574** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
4575**
4576** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
4577** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
4578** value given in the 2nd argument.
4579** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
4580** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
4581** value given in the 2nd argument.
4582**
4583** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
4584** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
4585**
4586** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
4587** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
4588** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
4589** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
4590** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
4591** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
4592** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
4593** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
4594** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
4595** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
4596** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
4597** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4598** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
4599** through the first zero character.
4600** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4601** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
4602** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
4603** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
4604** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
4605** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
4606** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
4607** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
4608** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
4609** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4610** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
4611** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
4612** finished using that result.
4613** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
4614** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
4615** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
4616** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
4617** when it has finished using that result.
4618** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4619** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
4620** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained from
4621** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
4622**
4623** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
4624** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
4625** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
4626** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4627** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
4628** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
4629** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
4630** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
4631** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
4632**
4633** If these routines are called from within the different thread
4634** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
4635** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
4636*/
4637void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4638void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
4639                           sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
4640void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
4641void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
4642void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
4643void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
4644void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
4645void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
4646void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
4647void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
4648void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
4649void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
4650void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
4651                           void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4652void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4653void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
4654void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
4655void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
4656void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
4657int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
4658
4659/*
4660** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
4661** METHOD: sqlite3
4662**
4663** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
4664** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
4665**
4666** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
4667** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
4668** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
4669** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
4670** considered to be the same name.
4671**
4672** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
4673** <ul>
4674** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
4675** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
4676** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
4677** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
4678** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
4679** </ul>)^
4680** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
4681** to the collating function callback, xCallback.
4682** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
4683** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
4684** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
4685** on an even byte address.
4686**
4687** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
4688** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
4689**
4690** ^The fifth argument, xCallback, is a pointer to the collating function.
4691** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
4692** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
4693** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
4694** ^If the xCallback argument is NULL then the collating function is
4695** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
4696** that collation is no longer usable.
4697**
4698** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
4699** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
4700** by the eTextRep argument.  The collating function must return an
4701** integer that is negative, zero, or positive
4702** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
4703** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
4704** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
4705** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
4706** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
4707** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
4708** strings A, B, and C:
4709**
4710** <ol>
4711** <li> If A==B then B==A.
4712** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
4713** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
4714** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
4715** </ol>
4716**
4717** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
4718** collating function is  registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
4719** is undefined.
4720**
4721** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
4722** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
4723** the collating function is deleted.
4724** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
4725** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
4726** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
4727**
4728** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
4729** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
4730** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
4731** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
4732** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
4733** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
4734** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
4735** compatibility.
4736**
4737** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
4738*/
4739int sqlite3_create_collation(
4740  sqlite3*,
4741  const char *zName,
4742  int eTextRep,
4743  void *pArg,
4744  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
4745);
4746int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
4747  sqlite3*,
4748  const char *zName,
4749  int eTextRep,
4750  void *pArg,
4751  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
4752  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4753);
4754int sqlite3_create_collation16(
4755  sqlite3*,
4756  const void *zName,
4757  int eTextRep,
4758  void *pArg,
4759  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
4760);
4761
4762/*
4763** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
4764** METHOD: sqlite3
4765**
4766** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
4767** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
4768** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
4769** sequence is required.
4770**
4771** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
4772** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
4773** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
4774** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
4775** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
4776**
4777** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
4778** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
4779** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
4780** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
4781** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
4782** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
4783** required collation sequence.)^
4784**
4785** The callback function should register the desired collation using
4786** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
4787** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
4788*/
4789int sqlite3_collation_needed(
4790  sqlite3*,
4791  void*,
4792  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
4793);
4794int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
4795  sqlite3*,
4796  void*,
4797  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
4798);
4799
4800#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
4801/*
4802** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
4803** called right after sqlite3_open().
4804**
4805** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
4806** of SQLite.
4807*/
4808int sqlite3_key(
4809  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
4810  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
4811);
4812int sqlite3_key_v2(
4813  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
4814  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
4815  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
4816);
4817
4818/*
4819** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
4820** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
4821** database is decrypted.
4822**
4823** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
4824** of SQLite.
4825*/
4826int sqlite3_rekey(
4827  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
4828  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
4829);
4830int sqlite3_rekey_v2(
4831  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
4832  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
4833  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
4834);
4835
4836/*
4837** Specify the activation key for a SEE database.  Unless
4838** activated, none of the SEE routines will work.
4839*/
4840void sqlite3_activate_see(
4841  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
4842);
4843#endif
4844
4845#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
4846/*
4847** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
4848** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
4849*/
4850void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
4851  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
4852);
4853#endif
4854
4855/*
4856** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
4857**
4858** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
4859** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
4860**
4861** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
4862** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
4863** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
4864** requested from the operating system is returned.
4865**
4866** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
4867** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
4868** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
4869** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
4870** in the previous paragraphs.
4871*/
4872int sqlite3_sleep(int);
4873
4874/*
4875** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
4876**
4877** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
4878** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
4879** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
4880** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
4881** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
4882** temporary file directory.
4883**
4884** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
4885** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
4886** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
4887** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
4888** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
4889** be avoided in new projects.
4890**
4891** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
4892** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
4893** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
4894** thread.
4895** It is intended that this variable be set once
4896** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
4897** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
4898** thereafter.
4899**
4900** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
4901** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
4902** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
4903** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
4904** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
4905** using [sqlite3_free].
4906** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
4907** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
4908** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
4909** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
4910** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
4911** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
4912** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
4913** objects have been destroyed.
4914**
4915** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
4916** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
4917** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
4918** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
4919**
4920** <blockquote><pre>
4921** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
4922** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
4923** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
4924** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
4925** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
4926** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
4927** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
4928** </pre></blockquote>
4929*/
4930SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
4931
4932/*
4933** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
4934**
4935** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
4936** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
4937** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
4938** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
4939** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
4940** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
4941** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
4942** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
4943** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
4944**
4945** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
4946** open can result in a corrupt database.
4947**
4948** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
4949** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
4950** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
4951** thread.
4952** It is intended that this variable be set once
4953** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
4954** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
4955** thereafter.
4956**
4957** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
4958** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
4959** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
4960** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
4961** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
4962** using [sqlite3_free].
4963** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
4964** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
4965** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
4966*/
4967SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
4968
4969/*
4970** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
4971** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
4972** METHOD: sqlite3
4973**
4974** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
4975** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
4976** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
4977** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
4978** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
4979**
4980** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
4981** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
4982** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
4983** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
4984** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
4985** an error is to use this function.
4986**
4987** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
4988** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
4989** is undefined.
4990*/
4991int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
4992
4993/*
4994** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
4995** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4996**
4997** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
4998** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
4999** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
5000** that was the first argument
5001** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
5002** create the statement in the first place.
5003*/
5004sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
5005
5006/*
5007** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
5008** METHOD: sqlite3
5009**
5010** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename
5011** associated with database N of connection D.  ^The main database file
5012** has the name "main".  If there is no attached database N on the database
5013** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
5014** a NULL pointer is returned.
5015**
5016** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
5017** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
5018** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
5019** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
5020*/
5021const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5022
5023/*
5024** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
5025** METHOD: sqlite3
5026**
5027** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
5028** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
5029** the name of a database on connection D.
5030*/
5031int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5032
5033/*
5034** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
5035** METHOD: sqlite3
5036**
5037** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
5038** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
5039** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
5040** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
5041** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
5042**
5043** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
5044** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
5045** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
5046*/
5047sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5048
5049/*
5050** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
5051** METHOD: sqlite3
5052**
5053** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
5054** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
5055** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
5056** for the same database connection is overridden.
5057** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
5058** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
5059** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
5060** for the same database connection is overridden.
5061** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
5062** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
5063** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
5064**
5065** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
5066** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
5067** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5068** the first call for each function on D.
5069**
5070** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
5071** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
5072** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
5073** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5074** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
5075** or rollback hook in the first place.
5076** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
5077** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
5078** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5079**
5080** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
5081**
5082** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
5083** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
5084** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
5085** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
5086** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
5087**
5088** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
5089** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
5090** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
5091** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
5092** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
5093**
5094** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
5095*/
5096void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
5097void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
5098
5099/*
5100** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
5101** METHOD: sqlite3
5102**
5103** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
5104** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
5105** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
5106** a rowid table.
5107** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
5108** for the same database connection is overridden.
5109**
5110** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
5111** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
5112** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
5113** to sqlite3_update_hook().
5114** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
5115** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
5116** to be invoked.
5117** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
5118** database and table name containing the affected row.
5119** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
5120** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
5121**
5122** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
5123** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).)^
5124** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
5125**
5126** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
5127** is not invoked when duplication rows are deleted because of an
5128** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
5129** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
5130** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
5131** release of SQLite.
5132**
5133** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
5134** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
5135** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5136** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
5137** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
5138** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5139**
5140** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
5141** returns the P argument from the previous call
5142** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5143** the first call on D.
5144**
5145** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()] and [sqlite3_rollback_hook()]
5146** interfaces.
5147*/
5148void *sqlite3_update_hook(
5149  sqlite3*,
5150  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
5151  void*
5152);
5153
5154/*
5155** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
5156**
5157** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
5158** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
5159** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
5160** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
5161**
5162** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
5163** This is a change as of SQLite version 3.5.0. In prior versions of SQLite,
5164** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
5165**
5166** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
5167** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
5168** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode
5169** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
5170**
5171** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
5172** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
5173**
5174** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
5175** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
5176** cache setting should set it explicitly.
5177**
5178** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
5179** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
5180** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
5181** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
5182**
5183** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
5184** 32-bit integer is atomic.
5185**
5186** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
5187*/
5188int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
5189
5190/*
5191** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
5192**
5193** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
5194** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
5195** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
5196** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
5197** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
5198** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
5199** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
5200** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5201**
5202** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
5203*/
5204int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
5205
5206/*
5207** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
5208** METHOD: sqlite3
5209**
5210** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
5211** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
5212** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
5213** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
5214** omitted.
5215**
5216** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
5217*/
5218int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
5219
5220/*
5221** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
5222**
5223** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
5224** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
5225** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
5226** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
5227** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
5228** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
5229** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
5230** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
5231** is advisory only.
5232**
5233** ^The return value from sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() is the size of
5234** the soft heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
5235** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
5236** then no change is made to the soft heap limit.  Hence, the current
5237** size of the soft heap limit can be determined by invoking
5238** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() with a negative argument.
5239**
5240** ^If the argument N is zero then the soft heap limit is disabled.
5241**
5242** ^(The soft heap limit is not enforced in the current implementation
5243** if one or more of following conditions are true:
5244**
5245** <ul>
5246** <li> The soft heap limit is set to zero.
5247** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
5248**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
5249**      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
5250** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
5251**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
5252** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
5253**      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
5254**      from the heap.
5255** </ul>)^
5256**
5257** Beginning with SQLite version 3.7.3, the soft heap limit is enforced
5258** regardless of whether or not the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]
5259** compile-time option is invoked.  With [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT],
5260** the soft heap limit is enforced on every memory allocation.  Without
5261** [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT], the soft heap limit is only enforced
5262** when memory is allocated by the page cache.  Testing suggests that because
5263** the page cache is the predominate memory user in SQLite, most
5264** applications will achieve adequate soft heap limit enforcement without
5265** the use of [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5266**
5267** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the soft heap limit may
5268** changes in future releases of SQLite.
5269*/
5270sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
5271
5272/*
5273** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
5274** DEPRECATED
5275**
5276** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
5277** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
5278** only.  All new applications should use the
5279** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
5280*/
5281SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
5282
5283
5284/*
5285** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
5286** METHOD: sqlite3
5287**
5288** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
5289** information about column C of table T in database D
5290** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
5291** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
5292** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
5293** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
5294** SQLITE_ERROR and if the specified column does not exist.
5295** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
5296** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existance of the
5297** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
5298** does not.
5299**
5300** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
5301** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
5302** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
5303** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
5304** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
5305** resolve unqualified table references.
5306**
5307** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
5308** name of the desired column, respectively.
5309**
5310** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
5311** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
5312** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
5313**
5314** ^(<blockquote>
5315** <table border="1">
5316** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
5317**
5318** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
5319** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
5320** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
5321** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
5322** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
5323** </table>
5324** </blockquote>)^
5325**
5326** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
5327** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
5328** call to any SQLite API function.
5329**
5330** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
5331**
5332** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
5333** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
5334** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
5335** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
5336** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
5337** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
5338**
5339** <pre>
5340**     data type: "INTEGER"
5341**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
5342**     not null: 0
5343**     primary key: 1
5344**     auto increment: 0
5345** </pre>)^
5346**
5347** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
5348** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
5349** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
5350*/
5351int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
5352  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
5353  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
5354  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
5355  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
5356  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
5357  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
5358  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
5359  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
5360  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
5361);
5362
5363/*
5364** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
5365** METHOD: sqlite3
5366**
5367** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
5368**
5369** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
5370** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
5371** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
5372** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
5373** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
5374** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
5375** be tried also.
5376**
5377** ^The entry point is zProc.
5378** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
5379** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
5380** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
5381** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
5382** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
5383** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
5384** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
5385** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
5386** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
5387** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
5388** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
5389** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
5390** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
5391**
5392** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
5393** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] prior to calling this API,
5394** otherwise an error will be returned.
5395**
5396** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
5397*/
5398int sqlite3_load_extension(
5399  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
5400  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
5401  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
5402  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
5403);
5404
5405/*
5406** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
5407** METHOD: sqlite3
5408**
5409** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
5410** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
5411** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
5412** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
5413**
5414** ^Extension loading is off by default.
5415** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
5416** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
5417** it back off again.
5418*/
5419int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
5420
5421/*
5422** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
5423**
5424** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
5425** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
5426** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
5427** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
5428**
5429** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
5430** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
5431** arguments and expects and integer result as if the signature of the
5432** entry point where as follows:
5433**
5434** <blockquote><pre>
5435** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
5436** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
5437** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
5438** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
5439** &nbsp;  );
5440** </pre></blockquote>)^
5441**
5442** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
5443** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
5444** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
5445** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
5446** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
5447** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
5448** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
5449**
5450** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
5451** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
5452** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
5453**
5454** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
5455** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
5456*/
5457int sqlite3_auto_extension(void (*xEntryPoint)(void));
5458
5459/*
5460** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
5461**
5462** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
5463** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
5464** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
5465** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
5466** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
5467** routines.
5468*/
5469int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void (*xEntryPoint)(void));
5470
5471/*
5472** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
5473**
5474** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
5475** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
5476*/
5477void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
5478
5479/*
5480** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
5481** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
5482** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
5483**
5484** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
5485** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
5486*/
5487
5488/*
5489** Structures used by the virtual table interface
5490*/
5491typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
5492typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
5493typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
5494typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
5495
5496/*
5497** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
5498** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
5499**
5500** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
5501** defines the implementation of a [virtual tables].
5502** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
5503**
5504** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
5505** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
5506** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
5507** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
5508** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
5509** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
5510** any database connection.
5511*/
5512struct sqlite3_module {
5513  int iVersion;
5514  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5515               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5516               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5517  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5518               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5519               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5520  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
5521  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5522  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5523  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
5524  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5525  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
5526                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
5527  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5528  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5529  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
5530  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
5531  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
5532  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5533  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5534  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5535  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5536  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
5537                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5538                       void **ppArg);
5539  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
5540  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
5541  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
5542  int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5543  int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5544  int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5545};
5546
5547/*
5548** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
5549** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
5550**
5551** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
5552** of the [virtual table] interface to
5553** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
5554** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
5555** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
5556** results into the **Outputs** fields.
5557**
5558** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
5559**
5560** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
5561**
5562** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
5563** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
5564** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
5565** ^(The index of the column is stored in
5566** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
5567** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
5568** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
5569**
5570** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
5571** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
5572** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
5573** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
5574** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
5575**
5576** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
5577** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
5578**
5579** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
5580** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
5581** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
5582** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
5583** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
5584** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.)^
5585**
5586** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
5587** [xFilter] method.
5588** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
5589** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
5590**
5591** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
5592** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
5593** sorting step is required.
5594**
5595** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
5596** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
5597** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
5598** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
5599** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
5600**
5601** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
5602** will be returned by the strategy.
5603**
5604** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
5605** structure for SQLite version 3.8.2. If a virtual table extension is
5606** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
5607** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
5608** to included crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
5609** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
5610** value greater than or equal to 3008002.
5611*/
5612struct sqlite3_index_info {
5613  /* Inputs */
5614  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
5615  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
5616     int iColumn;              /* Column on left-hand side of constraint */
5617     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
5618     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
5619     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
5620  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
5621  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
5622  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
5623     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
5624     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
5625  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
5626  /* Outputs */
5627  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
5628    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
5629    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
5630  } *aConstraintUsage;
5631  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
5632  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
5633  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
5634  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
5635  double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
5636  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
5637  sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
5638};
5639
5640/*
5641** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
5642**
5643** These macros defined the allowed values for the
5644** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
5645** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
5646** a query that uses a [virtual table].
5647*/
5648#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ    2
5649#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT    4
5650#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE    8
5651#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT    16
5652#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE    32
5653#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64
5654
5655/*
5656** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
5657** METHOD: sqlite3
5658**
5659** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
5660** ^Module names must be registered before
5661** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
5662** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
5663**
5664** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
5665** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
5666** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
5667** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
5668** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
5669** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
5670** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
5671**
5672** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
5673** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
5674** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
5675** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
5676** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
5677** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
5678** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
5679** destructor.
5680*/
5681int sqlite3_create_module(
5682  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
5683  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
5684  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
5685  void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
5686);
5687int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
5688  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
5689  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
5690  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
5691  void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
5692  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
5693);
5694
5695/*
5696** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
5697** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
5698**
5699** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
5700** of this object to describe a particular instance
5701** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
5702** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
5703** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
5704** common to all module implementations.
5705**
5706** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
5707** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
5708** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
5709** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
5710** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
5711** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
5712*/
5713struct sqlite3_vtab {
5714  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
5715  int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
5716  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
5717  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
5718};
5719
5720/*
5721** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
5722** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
5723**
5724** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
5725** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
5726** [virtual table] and are used
5727** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
5728** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
5729** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
5730** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
5731** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
5732** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
5733**
5734** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
5735** are common to all implementations.
5736*/
5737struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
5738  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
5739  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
5740};
5741
5742/*
5743** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
5744**
5745** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
5746** [virtual table module] call this interface
5747** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
5748** the virtual tables they implement.
5749*/
5750int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
5751
5752/*
5753** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
5754** METHOD: sqlite3
5755**
5756** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
5757** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
5758** But global versions of those functions
5759** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
5760**
5761** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
5762** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
5763** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
5764** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
5765** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
5766** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
5767** by a [virtual table].
5768*/
5769int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
5770
5771/*
5772** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
5773** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
5774** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
5775** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
5776**
5777** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
5778** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
5779*/
5780
5781/*
5782** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
5783** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
5784**
5785** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
5786** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
5787** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
5788** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
5789** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
5790** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
5791** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
5792*/
5793typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
5794
5795/*
5796** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
5797** METHOD: sqlite3
5798** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
5799**
5800** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
5801** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
5802** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
5803**
5804** <pre>
5805**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
5806** </pre>)^
5807**
5808** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
5809** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
5810** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
5811** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
5812** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
5813**
5814** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
5815** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
5816** read-only access.
5817**
5818** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
5819** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
5820** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
5821** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
5822** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
5823**
5824** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
5825** <ul>
5826**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
5827**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
5828**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
5829**   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
5830**   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
5831**   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
5832**         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
5833**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
5834**         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
5835**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
5836**         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
5837**         being opened for read/write access)^.
5838** </ul>
5839**
5840** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
5841** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
5842** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
5843**
5844**
5845** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
5846** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
5847** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
5848** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
5849** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
5850** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
5851** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
5852** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
5853** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
5854** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
5855**
5856** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
5857** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
5858** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
5859** blob.
5860**
5861** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
5862** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
5863** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
5864**
5865** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
5866** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
5867*/
5868int sqlite3_blob_open(
5869  sqlite3*,
5870  const char *zDb,
5871  const char *zTable,
5872  const char *zColumn,
5873  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
5874  int flags,
5875  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
5876);
5877
5878/*
5879** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
5880** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
5881**
5882** ^This function is used to move an existing blob handle so that it points
5883** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
5884** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
5885** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
5886** remain the same. Moving an existing blob handle to a new row can be
5887** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
5888**
5889** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
5890** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
5891** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
5892** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
5893** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
5894** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
5895** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
5896** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
5897** always returns zero.
5898**
5899** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
5900*/
5901int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
5902
5903/*
5904** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
5905** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
5906**
5907** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
5908** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
5909** handle is still closed.)^
5910**
5911** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
5912** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
5913** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
5914** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
5915** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
5916**
5917** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
5918** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
5919** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
5920** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
5921** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
5922** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
5923*/
5924int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
5925
5926/*
5927** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
5928** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
5929**
5930** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
5931** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
5932** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
5933** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
5934**
5935** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
5936** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
5937** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
5938** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
5939*/
5940int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
5941
5942/*
5943** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
5944** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
5945**
5946** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
5947** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
5948** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
5949**
5950** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
5951** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
5952** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
5953** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
5954** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
5955**
5956** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
5957** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
5958**
5959** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
5960** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
5961**
5962** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
5963** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
5964** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
5965** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
5966**
5967** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
5968*/
5969int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
5970
5971/*
5972** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
5973** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
5974**
5975** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
5976** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
5977** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
5978**
5979** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
5980** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
5981** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
5982** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
5983** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
5984**
5985** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
5986** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
5987** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
5988**
5989** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
5990** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
5991** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
5992** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
5993** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
5994** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
5995** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
5996**
5997** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
5998** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
5999** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
6000** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
6001** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
6002** or by other independent statements.
6003**
6004** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6005** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6006** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6007** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6008**
6009** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
6010*/
6011int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
6012
6013/*
6014** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
6015**
6016** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
6017** that SQLite uses to interact
6018** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
6019** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
6020** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
6021** The following interfaces are provided.
6022**
6023** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
6024** ^Names are case sensitive.
6025** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
6026** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
6027** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
6028**
6029** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
6030** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
6031** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
6032** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
6033** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
6034** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
6035** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
6036** then the behavior is undefined.
6037**
6038** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
6039** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
6040** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
6041*/
6042sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
6043int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
6044int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
6045
6046/*
6047** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
6048**
6049** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
6050** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
6051** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
6052** permitted to use any of these routines.
6053**
6054** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
6055** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
6056** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
6057** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
6058**
6059** <ul>
6060** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
6061** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
6062** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
6063** </ul>
6064**
6065** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
6066** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
6067** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
6068** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
6069** and Windows.
6070**
6071** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
6072** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
6073** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
6074** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
6075** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
6076** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
6077** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
6078**
6079** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
6080** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6081** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
6082** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
6083** integer constants:
6084**
6085** <ul>
6086** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6087** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6088** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
6089** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
6090** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
6091** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
6092** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
6093** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
6094** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
6095** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
6096** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
6097** </ul>
6098**
6099** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
6100** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
6101** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6102** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
6103** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
6104** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
6105** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
6106** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
6107** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
6108** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
6109**
6110** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
6111** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
6112** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
6113** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
6114** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
6115** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
6116** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
6117** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
6118**
6119** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6120** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6121** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
6122** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
6123** the same type number.
6124**
6125** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
6126** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
6127** mutex results in undefined behavior.
6128**
6129** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
6130** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
6131** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
6132** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
6133** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
6134** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
6135** In such cases, the
6136** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
6137** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
6138** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
6139**
6140** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
6141** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
6142** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
6143** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
6144** behavior.)^
6145**
6146** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
6147** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
6148** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
6149** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
6150**
6151** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
6152** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
6153** behave as no-ops.
6154**
6155** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
6156*/
6157sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
6158void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
6159void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
6160int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
6161void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
6162
6163/*
6164** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
6165**
6166** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
6167** used to allocate and use mutexes.
6168**
6169** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
6170** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
6171** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
6172** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
6173** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
6174** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
6175** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
6176** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
6177** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
6178**
6179** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
6180** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
6181** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
6182** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
6183**
6184** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
6185** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
6186** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
6187** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
6188** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
6189** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
6190**
6191** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
6192** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
6193** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
6194**
6195** <ul>
6196**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
6197**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
6198**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
6199**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
6200**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
6201**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
6202**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
6203** </ul>)^
6204**
6205** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
6206** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
6207** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
6208** by this structure are not required to handle this case, the results
6209** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
6210** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
6211** it is passed a NULL pointer).
6212**
6213** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
6214** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
6215** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
6216** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
6217**
6218** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
6219** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
6220** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
6221** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
6222**
6223** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
6224** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
6225** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
6226** prior to returning.
6227*/
6228typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
6229struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
6230  int (*xMutexInit)(void);
6231  int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
6232  sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
6233  void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6234  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6235  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6236  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6237  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6238  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6239};
6240
6241/*
6242** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
6243**
6244** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
6245** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
6246** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
6247** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
6248** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
6249** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
6250** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
6251** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
6252**
6253** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
6254** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
6255**
6256** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
6257** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
6258** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
6259** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
6260**
6261** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
6262** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
6263** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
6264** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
6265** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
6266** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
6267** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
6268** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
6269*/
6270#ifndef NDEBUG
6271int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
6272int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
6273#endif
6274
6275/*
6276** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
6277**
6278** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
6279** which is one of these integer constants.
6280**
6281** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
6282** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
6283** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
6284*/
6285#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
6286#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
6287#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
6288#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
6289#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
6290#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
6291#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_random() */
6292#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
6293#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
6294#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
6295#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
6296#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
6297#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
6298#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
6299#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
6300#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
6301
6302/*
6303** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
6304** METHOD: sqlite3
6305**
6306** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
6307** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
6308** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
6309** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
6310** routine returns a NULL pointer.
6311*/
6312sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
6313
6314/*
6315** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
6316** METHOD: sqlite3
6317**
6318** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
6319** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
6320** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
6321** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
6322** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
6323** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
6324** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
6325** main database file.
6326** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
6327** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
6328** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
6329** method becomes the return value of this routine.
6330**
6331** ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER value for the op parameter causes
6332** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
6333** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER
6334** case is a short-circuit path which does not actually invoke the
6335** underlying sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
6336**
6337** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
6338** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
6339** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
6340** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
6341** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
6342** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
6343** xFileControl method.
6344**
6345** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
6346*/
6347int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
6348
6349/*
6350** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
6351**
6352** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
6353** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
6354** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
6355** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
6356**
6357** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
6358** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
6359** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
6360**
6361** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
6362** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
6363** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
6364** operate consistently from one release to the next.
6365*/
6366int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
6367
6368/*
6369** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
6370**
6371** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
6372** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
6373**
6374** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
6375** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
6376** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
6377** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
6378*/
6379#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
6380#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
6381#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
6382#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
6383#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
6384#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
6385#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
6386#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
6387#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
6388#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
6389#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14
6390#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
6391#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16
6392#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17
6393#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
6394#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
6395#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
6396#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
6397#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
6398#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
6399#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
6400#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
6401#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    25
6402
6403/*
6404** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
6405**
6406** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
6407** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
6408** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
6409** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
6410** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
6411** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
6412** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
6413** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
6414** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
6415** value.  For those parameters
6416** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
6417** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
6418** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
6419**
6420** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
6421** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
6422**
6423** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
6424** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
6425** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
6426**
6427** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
6428*/
6429int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
6430int sqlite3_status64(
6431  int op,
6432  sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
6433  sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
6434  int resetFlag
6435);
6436
6437
6438/*
6439** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
6440** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
6441**
6442** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
6443** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
6444**
6445** <dl>
6446** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
6447** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
6448** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
6449** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
6450** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Scratch memory
6451** controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and auxiliary page-cache
6452** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
6453** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
6454** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
6455**
6456** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
6457** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6458** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
6459** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
6460** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6461** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6462**
6463** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
6464** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
6465** currently checked out.</dd>)^
6466**
6467** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
6468** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
6469** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
6470** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
6471** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
6472**
6473** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
6474** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
6475** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
6476** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
6477** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
6478** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
6479** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
6480** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
6481** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
6482**
6483** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
6484** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6485** handed to [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6486** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6487** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6488**
6489** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
6490** <dd>This parameter returns the number of allocations used out of the
6491** [scratch memory allocator] configured using
6492** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH].  The value returned is in allocations, not
6493** in bytes.  Since a single thread may only have one scratch allocation
6494** outstanding at time, this parameter also reports the number of threads
6495** using scratch memory at the same time.</dd>)^
6496**
6497** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
6498** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of scratch memory
6499** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]
6500** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The values
6501** returned include overflows because the requested allocation was too
6502** larger (that is, because the requested allocation was larger than the
6503** "sz" parameter to [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]) and because no scratch buffer
6504** slots were available.
6505** </dd>)^
6506**
6507** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
6508** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6509** handed to [scratch memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6510** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6511** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6512**
6513** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
6514** <dd>This parameter records the deepest parser stack.  It is only
6515** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
6516** </dl>
6517**
6518** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
6519*/
6520#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
6521#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
6522#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
6523#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3
6524#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4
6525#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
6526#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
6527#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
6528#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8
6529#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
6530
6531/*
6532** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
6533** METHOD: sqlite3
6534**
6535** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
6536** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
6537** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
6538** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
6539** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
6540** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
6541** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
6542** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
6543**
6544** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
6545** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
6546** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
6547** reset back down to the current value.
6548**
6549** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
6550** non-zero [error code] on failure.
6551**
6552** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
6553*/
6554int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
6555
6556/*
6557** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
6558** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
6559**
6560** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
6561** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
6562**
6563** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
6564** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
6565** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
6566** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
6567** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
6568**
6569** <dl>
6570** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
6571** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
6572** checked out.</dd>)^
6573**
6574** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
6575** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that were
6576** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6577** the current value is always zero.)^
6578**
6579** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
6580** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
6581** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
6582** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
6583** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
6584** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6585** the current value is always zero.)^
6586**
6587** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
6588** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
6589** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
6590** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
6591** memory already being in use.
6592** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6593** the current value is always zero.)^
6594**
6595** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
6596** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6597** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
6598** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
6599**
6600** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
6601** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6602** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
6603** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
6604** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
6605** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
6606** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
6607** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
6608**
6609** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
6610** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6611** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
6612** the database connection.)^
6613** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
6614** </dd>
6615**
6616** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
6617** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
6618** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
6619** is always 0.
6620** </dd>
6621**
6622** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
6623** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
6624** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
6625** is always 0.
6626** </dd>
6627**
6628** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
6629** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
6630** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
6631** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
6632** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
6633** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
6634** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
6635** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
6636** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
6637** </dd>
6638**
6639** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
6640** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
6641** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
6642** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
6643** </dd>
6644** </dl>
6645*/
6646#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
6647#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
6648#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
6649#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
6650#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
6651#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
6652#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
6653#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
6654#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
6655#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
6656#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
6657#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 10   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
6658
6659
6660/*
6661** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
6662** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
6663**
6664** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
6665** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
6666** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
6667** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
6668** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
6669** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
6670** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
6671** an index.
6672**
6673** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
6674** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
6675** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
6676** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
6677** to be interrogated.)^
6678** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
6679** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
6680** interface call returns.
6681**
6682** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
6683*/
6684int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
6685
6686/*
6687** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
6688** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
6689**
6690** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
6691** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
6692** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
6693**
6694** <dl>
6695** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
6696** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
6697** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
6698** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
6699** careful use of indices.</dd>
6700**
6701** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
6702** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
6703** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
6704** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
6705**
6706** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
6707** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
6708** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
6709** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
6710** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
6711** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
6712**
6713** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
6714** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
6715** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
6716** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
6717** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
6718** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
6719** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
6720** </dd>
6721** </dl>
6722*/
6723#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
6724#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
6725#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
6726#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
6727
6728/*
6729** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
6730**
6731** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
6732** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
6733** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
6734** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
6735** to the object.
6736**
6737** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
6738*/
6739typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
6740
6741/*
6742** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
6743**
6744** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
6745** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
6746** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
6747** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
6748**
6749** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
6750*/
6751typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
6752struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
6753  void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
6754  void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
6755};
6756
6757/*
6758** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
6759** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
6760**
6761** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
6762** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
6763** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
6764** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
6765** SQLite is used for the page cache.
6766** By implementing a
6767** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
6768** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
6769** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
6770** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
6771** how long.
6772**
6773** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
6774** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
6775** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
6776**
6777** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
6778** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
6779** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
6780** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
6781**
6782** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
6783** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
6784** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
6785** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
6786** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
6787** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
6788** required by the custom page cache implementation.
6789** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
6790** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
6791** page cache.)^
6792**
6793** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
6794** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
6795** It can be used to clean up
6796** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
6797** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
6798**
6799** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
6800** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
6801** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
6802** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
6803** in multithreaded applications.
6804**
6805** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
6806** call to xShutdown().
6807**
6808** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
6809** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
6810** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
6811** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
6812** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
6813** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
6814** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
6815** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
6816** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
6817** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
6818** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
6819** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
6820** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
6821** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
6822** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
6823** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
6824** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
6825** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
6826** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
6827** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
6828** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
6829** never contain any unpinned pages.
6830**
6831** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
6832** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
6833** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
6834** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
6835** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
6836** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
6837** value; it is advisory only.
6838**
6839** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
6840** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
6841** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
6842**
6843** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
6844** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
6845** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
6846** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
6847** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
6848** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
6849** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
6850** for each entry in the page cache.
6851**
6852** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
6853** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
6854** to be "pinned".
6855**
6856** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
6857** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
6858** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
6859** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
6860** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
6861**
6862** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
6863** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
6864** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
6865** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
6866**                 Otherwise return NULL.
6867** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
6868**                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
6869** </table>
6870**
6871** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
6872** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
6873** failed.)^  In between the to xFetch() calls, SQLite may
6874** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
6875** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
6876**
6877** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
6878** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
6879** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
6880** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
6881** ^If the discard parameter is
6882** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
6883** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
6884** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
6885**
6886** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
6887** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
6888** to xFetch().
6889**
6890** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
6891** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
6892** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
6893** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
6894** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
6895** to be pinned.
6896**
6897** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
6898** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
6899** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
6900** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
6901** they can be safely discarded.
6902**
6903** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
6904** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
6905** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
6906** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
6907** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
6908** functions.
6909**
6910** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
6911** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
6912** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
6913** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
6914** do their best.
6915*/
6916typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
6917struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
6918  int iVersion;
6919  void *pArg;
6920  int (*xInit)(void*);
6921  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
6922  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
6923  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
6924  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
6925  sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
6926  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
6927  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
6928      unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
6929  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
6930  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
6931  void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
6932};
6933
6934/*
6935** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
6936** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
6937** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
6938*/
6939typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
6940struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
6941  void *pArg;
6942  int (*xInit)(void*);
6943  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
6944  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
6945  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
6946  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
6947  void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
6948  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
6949  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
6950  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
6951  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
6952};
6953
6954
6955/*
6956** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
6957**
6958** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
6959** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
6960** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
6961** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
6962**
6963** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
6964*/
6965typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
6966
6967/*
6968** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
6969**
6970** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
6971** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
6972** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
6973**
6974** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
6975**
6976** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
6977** for the duration of the backup operation.
6978** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
6979** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
6980** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
6981** preventing other database connections from
6982** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
6983**
6984** ^(To perform a backup operation:
6985**   <ol>
6986**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
6987**         backup,
6988**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
6989**         the data between the two databases, and finally
6990**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
6991**         associated with the backup operation.
6992**   </ol>)^
6993** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
6994** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
6995**
6996** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
6997**
6998** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
6999** [database connection] associated with the destination database
7000** and the database name, respectively.
7001** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
7002** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
7003** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
7004** ^The S and M arguments passed to
7005** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
7006** and database name of the source database, respectively.
7007** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
7008** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
7009** an error.
7010**
7011** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning SQLITE_ERROR, if
7012** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
7013** destination database.
7014**
7015** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
7016** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
7017** destination [database connection] D.
7018** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
7019** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
7020** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
7021** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
7022** [sqlite3_backup] object.
7023** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
7024** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
7025** operation.
7026**
7027** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
7028**
7029** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
7030** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
7031** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
7032** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
7033** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
7034** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
7035** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
7036** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
7037** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
7038** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
7039** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
7040** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
7041**
7042** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
7043** <ol>
7044** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
7045** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
7046** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
7047** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
7048** destination and source page sizes differ.
7049** </ol>)^
7050**
7051** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
7052** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
7053** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
7054** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
7055** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
7056** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
7057** [database connection]
7058** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
7059** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
7060** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
7061** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
7062** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
7063** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
7064** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
7065** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
7066** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
7067**
7068** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
7069** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
7070** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
7071** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
7072** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
7073** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
7074** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
7075** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
7076** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
7077** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
7078** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
7079** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
7080** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
7081** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
7082** updated at the same time.
7083**
7084** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
7085**
7086** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
7087** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
7088** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7089** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
7090** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
7091** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
7092** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
7093** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
7094** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7095**
7096** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
7097** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
7098** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
7099** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
7100** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
7101** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
7102**
7103** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
7104** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
7105** sqlite3_backup_finish().
7106**
7107** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
7108** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
7109**
7110** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
7111** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
7112** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
7113** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
7114** sqlite3_backup_step().
7115** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
7116** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
7117** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
7118** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7119** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
7120** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
7121**
7122** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
7123**
7124** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
7125** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
7126** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
7127** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
7128** from within other threads.
7129**
7130** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
7131** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
7132** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
7133** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
7134** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
7135** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
7136** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
7137** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
7138**
7139** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
7140** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
7141** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
7142** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
7143** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
7144** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
7145**
7146** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
7147** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
7148** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7149** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
7150** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
7151** possible that they return invalid values.
7152*/
7153sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
7154  sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
7155  const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
7156  sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
7157  const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
7158);
7159int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
7160int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
7161int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
7162int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
7163
7164/*
7165** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
7166** METHOD: sqlite3
7167**
7168** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
7169** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
7170** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
7171** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
7172** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
7173** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
7174** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
7175** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
7176**
7177** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
7178**
7179** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
7180** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
7181**
7182** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
7183** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
7184** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
7185** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
7186** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
7187** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
7188** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
7189** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
7190** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
7191** call that concludes the blocking connections transaction.
7192**
7193** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
7194** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
7195** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
7196** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
7197** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
7198**
7199** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
7200** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
7201** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
7202** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
7203**
7204** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
7205** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
7206** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
7207** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
7208** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
7209** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
7210** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
7211** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
7212**
7213** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
7214** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
7215** crash or deadlock may be the result.
7216**
7217** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
7218** returns SQLITE_OK.
7219**
7220** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
7221**
7222** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
7223** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
7224** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
7225** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
7226** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
7227** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
7228**
7229** When a blocking connections transaction is concluded, there may be
7230** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
7231** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
7232** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
7233** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
7234** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
7235** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
7236** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
7237**
7238** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
7239**
7240** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
7241** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
7242** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
7243** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
7244** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
7245** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
7246** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
7247**
7248** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
7249** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
7250** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
7251** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
7252** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
7253** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
7254** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
7255** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
7256** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
7257** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
7258** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
7259** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
7260**
7261** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
7262**
7263** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
7264** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
7265** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
7266** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
7267** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
7268** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
7269** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
7270** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
7271** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
7272**
7273** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
7274** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
7275** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
7276** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
7277** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
7278*/
7279int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
7280  sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
7281  void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
7282  void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
7283);
7284
7285
7286/*
7287** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
7288**
7289** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
7290** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
7291** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
7292** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
7293*/
7294int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
7295int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
7296
7297/*
7298** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
7299*
7300** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if string X matches
7301** the glob pattern P, and it returns non-zero if string X does not match
7302** the glob pattern P.  ^The definition of glob pattern matching used in
7303** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
7304** SQL dialect used by SQLite.  ^The sqlite3_strglob(P,X) function is case
7305** sensitive.
7306**
7307** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7308** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7309*/
7310int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
7311
7312/*
7313** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
7314**
7315** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
7316** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
7317** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
7318** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
7319**
7320** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
7321** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
7322** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
7323** is considered bad form.
7324**
7325** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
7326**
7327** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
7328** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
7329** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
7330** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
7331** buffer.
7332*/
7333void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
7334
7335/*
7336** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
7337** METHOD: sqlite3
7338**
7339** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
7340** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
7341**
7342** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
7343** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
7344** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
7345**
7346** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
7347** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
7348** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
7349** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
7350** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
7351** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
7352** including those that were just committed.
7353**
7354** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
7355** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
7356** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
7357** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
7358** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
7359** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
7360** are undefined.
7361**
7362** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
7363** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
7364** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
7365** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
7366** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
7367** those overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
7368*/
7369void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
7370  sqlite3*,
7371  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
7372  void*
7373);
7374
7375/*
7376** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
7377** METHOD: sqlite3
7378**
7379** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
7380** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
7381** to automatically [checkpoint]
7382** after committing a transaction if there are N or
7383** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
7384** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
7385** checkpoints entirely.
7386**
7387** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
7388** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
7389** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
7390** configured by this function.
7391**
7392** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
7393** from SQL.
7394**
7395** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
7396** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
7397**
7398** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
7399** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
7400** pages.  The use of this interface
7401** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
7402** for a particular application.
7403*/
7404int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
7405
7406/*
7407** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7408** METHOD: sqlite3
7409**
7410** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
7411** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
7412**
7413** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
7414** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
7415** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
7416** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
7417** information.
7418**
7419** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
7420** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
7421** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
7422** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
7423** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
7424** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
7425*/
7426int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
7427
7428/*
7429** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7430** METHOD: sqlite3
7431**
7432** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
7433** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
7434** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
7435** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
7436**
7437** <dl>
7438** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
7439**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
7440**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
7441**   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
7442**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
7443**   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
7444**   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
7445**
7446** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
7447**   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
7448**   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
7449**   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
7450**   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
7451**   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
7452**   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
7453**
7454** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
7455**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
7456**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
7457**   [busy-handler callback])
7458**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
7459**   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
7460**   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
7461**   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
7462**
7463** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
7464**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
7465**   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
7466**   to a successful return.
7467** </dl>
7468**
7469** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
7470** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
7471** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
7472** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
7473** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
7474** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
7475** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
7476** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
7477** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
7478**
7479** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
7480** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
7481** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
7482** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
7483**
7484** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
7485** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
7486** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
7487** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
7488** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
7489** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
7490** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
7491** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
7492** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
7493** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
7494**
7495** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
7496** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
7497** [database connection] db.  In this case the
7498** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
7499** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
7500** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
7501** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
7502** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
7503** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
7504** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
7505** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
7506**
7507** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
7508** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
7509** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
7510** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
7511**
7512** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
7513** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
7514** sets the error information that is queried by
7515** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
7516**
7517** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
7518** from SQL.
7519*/
7520int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
7521  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
7522  const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
7523  int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
7524  int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
7525  int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
7526);
7527
7528/*
7529** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
7530** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
7531**
7532** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
7533** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
7534** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
7535** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
7536*/
7537#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
7538#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
7539#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
7540#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
7541
7542/*
7543** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
7544**
7545** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
7546** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
7547** various facets of the virtual table interface.
7548**
7549** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
7550** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
7551**
7552** At present, there is only one option that may be configured using
7553** this function. (See [SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT].)  Further options
7554** may be added in the future.
7555*/
7556int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
7557
7558/*
7559** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
7560**
7561** These macros define the various options to the
7562** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
7563** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
7564**
7565** <dl>
7566** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
7567** <dd>Calls of the form
7568** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
7569** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
7570** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
7571** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
7572** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
7573** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
7574** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
7575** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
7576**
7577** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
7578** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
7579** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
7580** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
7581** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
7582** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
7583** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
7584** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
7585** had been ABORT.
7586**
7587** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
7588** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
7589** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
7590** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
7591** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
7592** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
7593** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
7594** constraint handling.
7595** </dl>
7596*/
7597#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
7598
7599/*
7600** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
7601**
7602** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
7603** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
7604** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
7605** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
7606** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
7607** [virtual table].
7608*/
7609int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
7610
7611/*
7612** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
7613** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
7614**
7615** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
7616** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
7617** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
7618**
7619** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
7620** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
7621** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
7622*/
7623#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
7624/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
7625#define SQLITE_FAIL     3
7626/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
7627#define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
7628
7629/*
7630** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
7631** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
7632**
7633** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
7634** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
7635** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
7636**
7637** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
7638** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
7639** S is finalized.
7640**
7641** <dl>
7642** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
7643** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be
7644** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
7645**
7646** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
7647** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
7648** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
7649**
7650** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
7651** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
7652** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
7653** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
7654** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
7655** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
7656** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
7657**
7658** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
7659** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
7660** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
7661** used for the X-th loop.
7662**
7663** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
7664** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
7665** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
7666** description for the X-th loop.
7667**
7668** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
7669** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
7670** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
7671** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
7672** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
7673** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
7674** </dl>
7675*/
7676#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
7677#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
7678#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
7679#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
7680#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
7681#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
7682
7683/*
7684** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
7685** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
7686**
7687** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
7688** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
7689** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
7690** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
7691**
7692** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
7693** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
7694** compile-time option.
7695**
7696** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
7697** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
7698** of this interface is undefined.
7699** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
7700** the "pOut" parameter.
7701** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
7702** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
7703** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
7704** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
7705** points to is unchanged.
7706**
7707** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
7708** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
7709** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
7710** that pOut points to unchanged.
7711**
7712** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
7713*/
7714int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
7715  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
7716  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
7717  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
7718  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
7719);
7720
7721/*
7722** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
7723** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
7724**
7725** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
7726**
7727** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
7728** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
7729*/
7730void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
7731
7732
7733/*
7734** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
7735** builds on processors without floating point support.
7736*/
7737#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
7738# undef double
7739#endif
7740
7741#ifdef __cplusplus
7742}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
7743#endif
7744#endif /* _SQLITE3_H_ */
7745