xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqlite.h.in (revision 38c3d3d8)
1/*
2** 2001 September 15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32*/
33#ifndef _SQLITE3_H_
34#define _SQLITE3_H_
35#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36
37/*
38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39*/
40#ifdef __cplusplus
41extern "C" {
42#endif
43
44
45/*
46** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47*/
48#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50#endif
51#ifndef SQLITE_API
52# define SQLITE_API
53#endif
54#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55# define SQLITE_CDECL
56#endif
57#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
58# define SQLITE_STDCALL
59#endif
60
61/*
62** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
63** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
64** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
65** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
66** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
67**
68** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
69** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
70** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
71** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
72** noop macros.
73*/
74#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
75#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
76
77/*
78** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
79*/
80#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
81# undef SQLITE_VERSION
82#endif
83#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
84# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
85#endif
86
87/*
88** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
89**
90** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
91** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
92** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
93** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
94** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
95** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
96** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
97** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
98** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
99** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
100** and Z will be reset to zero.
101**
102** Since version 3.6.18, SQLite source code has been stored in the
103** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
104** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
105** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
106** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
107** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and an SHA1
108** hash of the entire source tree.
109**
110** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
111** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
112** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
113*/
114#define SQLITE_VERSION        "--VERS--"
115#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER--
116#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "--SOURCE-ID--"
117
118/*
119** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
120** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version, sqlite3_sourceid
121**
122** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
123** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
124** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
125** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
126** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
127** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
128** compiled with matching library and header files.
129**
130** <blockquote><pre>
131** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
132** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID)==0 );
133** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
134** </pre></blockquote>)^
135**
136** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
137** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
138** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
139** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
140** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
141** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
142** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
143** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
144** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.
145**
146** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
147*/
148SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
149const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
150const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
151int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
152
153/*
154** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
155**
156** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
157** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
158** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
159** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
160**
161** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
162** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
163** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
164** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
165** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
166** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
167**
168** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
169** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
170** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
171**
172** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
173** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
174*/
175#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
176int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
177const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
178#endif
179
180/*
181** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
182**
183** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
184** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
185** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
186**
187** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
188** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
189** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
190** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
191** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
192** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
193**
194** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
195** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
196** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
197** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
198**
199** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
200** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
201** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
202**
203** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
204** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
205** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
206** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
207** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
208** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
209** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
210** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
211** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
212** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
213**
214** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
215*/
216int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
217
218/*
219** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
220** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
221**
222** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
223** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
224** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
225** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
226** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
227** interfaces (such as
228** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
229** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
230** sqlite3 object.
231*/
232typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
233
234/*
235** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
236** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
237**
238** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
239** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
240**
241** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
242** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
243** compatibility only.
244**
245** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
246** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
247** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
248** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
249*/
250#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
251  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
252  typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
253#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
254  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
255  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
256#else
257  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
258  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
259#endif
260typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
261typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
262
263/*
264** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
265** substitute integer for floating-point.
266*/
267#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
268# define double sqlite3_int64
269#endif
270
271/*
272** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
273** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
274**
275** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
276** for the [sqlite3] object.
277** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
278** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
279** resources are deallocated.
280**
281** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
282** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then sqlite3_close()
283** will leave the database connection open and return [SQLITE_BUSY].
284** ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared statements
285** and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups, then the database connection becomes
286** an unusable "zombie" which will automatically be deallocated when the
287** last prepared statement is finalized or the last sqlite3_backup is
288** finished.  The sqlite3_close_v2() interface is intended for use with
289** host languages that are garbage collected, and where the order in which
290** destructors are called is arbitrary.
291**
292** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements],
293** [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
294** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
295** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.  ^If
296** sqlite3_close_v2() is called on a [database connection] that still has
297** outstanding [prepared statements], [BLOB handles], and/or
298** [sqlite3_backup] objects then it returns [SQLITE_OK] and the deallocation
299** of resources is deferred until all [prepared statements], [BLOB handles],
300** and [sqlite3_backup] objects are also destroyed.
301**
302** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
303** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
304**
305** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
306** must be either a NULL
307** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
308** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
309** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
310** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
311** argument is a harmless no-op.
312*/
313int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
314int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
315
316/*
317** The type for a callback function.
318** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
319** compatibility and is not documented.
320*/
321typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
322
323/*
324** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
325** METHOD: sqlite3
326**
327** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
328** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
329** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
330** without having to use a lot of C code.
331**
332** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
333** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
334** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
335** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
336** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
337** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
338** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
339** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
340** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
341** ignored.
342**
343** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
344** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
345** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
346** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
347** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
348** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
349** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
350** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
351** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
352** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
353** NULL before returning.
354**
355** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
356** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
357** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
358**
359** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
360** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
361** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
362** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
363** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
364** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
365** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
366** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
367** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
368**
369** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
370** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
371** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
372** is not changed.
373**
374** Restrictions:
375**
376** <ul>
377** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
378**      is a valid and open [database connection].
379** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
380**      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
381** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
382**      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
383** </ul>
384*/
385int sqlite3_exec(
386  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
387  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
388  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
389  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
390  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
391);
392
393/*
394** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
395** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
396**
397** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
398** here in order to indicate success or failure.
399**
400** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
401**
402** See also: [extended result code definitions]
403*/
404#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
405/* beginning-of-error-codes */
406#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* SQL error or missing database */
407#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
408#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
409#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
410#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
411#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
412#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
413#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
414#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
415#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
416#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
417#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
418#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
419#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
420#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
421#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Database is empty */
422#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
423#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
424#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
425#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
426#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
427#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
428#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
429#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Auxiliary database format error */
430#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
431#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
432#define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
433#define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
434#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
435#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
436/* end-of-error-codes */
437
438/*
439** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
440** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
441**
442** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
443** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
444** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
445** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
446** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 and later) include
447** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
448** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
449** on a per database connection basis using the
450** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
451** the most recent error can be obtained using
452** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
453*/
454#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
455#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
456#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
457#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
458#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
459#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
460#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
461#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
462#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
463#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
464#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
465#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
466#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
467#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
468#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
469#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
470#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
471#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
472#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
473#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
474#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
475#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
476#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
477#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
478#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
479#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
480#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
481#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
482#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
483#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
484#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
485#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
486#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
487#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
488#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
489#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
490#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
491#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
492#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
493#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
494#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
495#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
496#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
497#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
498#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
499#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
500#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
501#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
502#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
503#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
504#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
505#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
506#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
507#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
508#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
509
510/*
511** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
512**
513** These bit values are intended for use in the
514** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
515** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
516*/
517#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
518#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
519#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
520#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
521#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
522#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
523#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
524#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
525#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
526#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
527#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
528#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
529#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
530#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
531#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
532#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
533#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
534#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
535#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
536#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
537
538/* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
539
540/*
541** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
542**
543** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
544** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
545** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
546** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
547** refers to.
548**
549** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
550** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
551** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
552** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
553** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
554** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
555** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
556** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
557** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
558** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
559** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
560** file that were written at the application level might have changed
561** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
562** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
563** flag indicate that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
564** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
565** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
566** elevated privileges.
567*/
568#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
569#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
570#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
571#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
572#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
573#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
574#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
575#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
576#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
577#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
578#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
579#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
580#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
581#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
582
583/*
584** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
585**
586** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
587** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
588** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
589*/
590#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
591#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
592#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
593#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
594#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
595
596/*
597** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
598**
599** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
600** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
601** these integer values as the second argument.
602**
603** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
604** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
605** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
606** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
607** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
608** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
609**
610** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
611** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
612** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
613** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
614** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
615** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
616** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
617** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
618** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
619** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
620** cares about the difference.)
621*/
622#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
623#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
624#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
625
626/*
627** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
628**
629** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
630** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
631** implementations will
632** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
633** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
634** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
635** I/O operations on the open file.
636*/
637typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
638struct sqlite3_file {
639  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
640};
641
642/*
643** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
644**
645** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
646** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
647** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
648** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
649** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
650**
651** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
652** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
653** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
654** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
655** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
656** to NULL.
657**
658** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
659** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
660** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
661** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
662** and not its inode needs to be synced.
663**
664** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
665** <ul>
666** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
667** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
668** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
669** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
670** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
671** </ul>
672** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
673** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
674** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
675** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
676** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
677**
678** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
679** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
680** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
681** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
682** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
683** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
684** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
685** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
686** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
687** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
688** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
689** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
690** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
691** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
692** recognize.
693**
694** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
695** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
696** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
697** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
698** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
699** underlying device:
700**
701** <ul>
702** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
703** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
704** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
705** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
706** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
707** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
708** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
709** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
710** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
711** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
712** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
713** </ul>
714**
715** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
716** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
717** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
718** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
719** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
720** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
721** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
722** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
723** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
724** to xWrite().
725**
726** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
727** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
728** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
729** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
730** database corruption.
731*/
732typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
733struct sqlite3_io_methods {
734  int iVersion;
735  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
736  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
737  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
738  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
739  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
740  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
741  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
742  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
743  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
744  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
745  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
746  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
747  /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
748  int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
749  int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
750  void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
751  int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
752  /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
753  int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
754  int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
755  /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
756  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
757};
758
759/*
760** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
761** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
762**
763** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
764** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
765** interface.
766**
767** <ul>
768** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
769** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
770** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
771** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
772** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
773** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
774** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
775** compile-time option is used.
776**
777** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
778** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
779** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
780** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
781** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
782** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
783** file run faster.
784**
785** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
786** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
787** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
788** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
789** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
790** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
791** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
792** improve performance on some systems.
793**
794** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
795** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
796** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
797** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
798**
799** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
800** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
801** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
802** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
803** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
804**
805** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
806** No longer in use.
807**
808** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
809** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
810** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
811** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
812** because the user has configured SQLite with
813** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
814** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
815** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
816** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
817** string containing the transactions master-journal file name. VFSes that
818** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
819** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
820** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
821**
822** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
823** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
824** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
825** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
826** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
827** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
828** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
829**
830** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
831** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
832** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
833** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
834** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
835** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
836** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
837** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
838** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
839** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
840** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
841** integers where the first integer i the new retry count and the second
842** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
843** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
844** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
845** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
846**
847** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
848** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
849** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
850** write ahead log and shared memory files used for transaction control
851** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
852** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
853** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
854** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
855** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
856** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
857** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
858** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
859** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
860** WAL persistence setting.
861**
862** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
863** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
864** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
865** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
866** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
867** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
868** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
869** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
870** zero-damage mode setting.
871**
872** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
873** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
874** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
875** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
876** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
877**
878** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
879** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
880** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
881** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
882** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
883** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
884** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
885** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
886** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
887** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
888** is intended for diagnostic use only.
889**
890** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
891** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
892** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
893** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
894** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
895** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
896** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
897** upper-most shim only.
898**
899** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
900** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
901** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
902** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
903** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
904** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
905** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
906** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
907** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
908** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
909** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
910** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
911** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
912** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
913** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
914** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
915** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
916** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
917** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
918** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
919** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
920** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
921** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
922** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
923**
924** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
925** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
926** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
927** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
928** to the connections busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void **)
929** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
930** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connections
931** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
932** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
933** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
934** current operation.
935**
936** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
937** ^Application can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
938** to have SQLite generate a
939** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
940** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
941** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
942** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
943** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
944**
945** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
946** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
947** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
948** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
949** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
950** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
951** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
952** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
953** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
954**
955** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
956** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
957** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
958** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
959** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
960** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
961** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
962**
963** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
964** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
965** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
966** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
967** was first opened.
968**
969** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
970** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
971** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
972** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
973** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
974**
975** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
976** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
977** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
978** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
979** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
980** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
981**
982** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
983** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
984** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
985**
986** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
987** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
988** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
989** this opcode.
990** </ul>
991*/
992#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
993#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
994#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
995#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
996#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
997#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
998#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
999#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1000#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1001#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1002#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1003#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1004#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1005#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1006#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1007#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1008#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1009#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1010#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1011#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1012#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1013#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1014#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1015#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1016#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1017#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1018#define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1019
1020/* deprecated names */
1021#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1022#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1023#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1024
1025
1026/*
1027** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1028**
1029** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1030** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1031** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1032** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1033**
1034** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1035*/
1036typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1037
1038/*
1039** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1040**
1041** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1042** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1043** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1044** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1045**
1046** The value of the iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger in
1047** future versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
1048** object when the iVersion value is increased.  Note that the structure
1049** of the sqlite3_vfs object changes in the transaction between
1050** SQLite version 3.5.9 and 3.6.0 and yet the iVersion field was not
1051** modified.
1052**
1053** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1054** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1055** a pathname in this VFS.
1056**
1057** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1058** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1059** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1060** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1061** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1062** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1063**
1064** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1065** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1066** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1067** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1068** object once the object has been registered.
1069**
1070** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1071** be unique across all VFS modules.
1072**
1073** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1074** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1075** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1076** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1077** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1078** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1079** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1080** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1081** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1082** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1083** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1084** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1085** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1086** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1087** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1088** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1089**
1090** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1091** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1092** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1093** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1094** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1095** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1096**
1097** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1098** call, depending on the object being opened:
1099**
1100** <ul>
1101** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1102** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1103** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1104** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1105** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1106** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1107** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
1108** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1109** </ul>)^
1110**
1111** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1112** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1113** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1114** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1115** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1116** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1117** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1118** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1119**
1120** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1121**
1122** <ul>
1123** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1124** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1125** </ul>
1126**
1127** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1128** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1129** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1130** databases, and subjournals.
1131**
1132** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1133** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1134** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1135** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1136** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1137** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1138** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1139** for exclusive access.
1140**
1141** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1142** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1143** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1144** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1145** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1146** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1147** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1148** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1149** or failure of the xOpen call.
1150**
1151** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1152** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1153** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1154** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1155** to test whether a file is at least readable.   The file can be a
1156** directory.
1157**
1158** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1159** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1160** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1161** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1162** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1163** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1164**
1165** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1166** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1167** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1168** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1169** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1170** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1171** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1172** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1173** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1174** a floating point value.
1175** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1176** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1177** a 24-hour day).
1178** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1179** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1180** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1181** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1182**
1183** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1184** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1185** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1186** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1187** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1188** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1189** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1190** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1191** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1192** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1193** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1194*/
1195typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1196typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1197struct sqlite3_vfs {
1198  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1199  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1200  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1201  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1202  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1203  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1204  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1205               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1206  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1207  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1208  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1209  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1210  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1211  void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1212  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1213  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1214  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1215  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1216  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1217  /*
1218  ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1219  ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1220  */
1221  int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1222  /*
1223  ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1224  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1225  */
1226  int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1227  sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1228  const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1229  /*
1230  ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1231  ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1232  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1233  */
1234};
1235
1236/*
1237** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1238**
1239** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1240** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1241** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1242** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1243** simply checks whether the file exists.
1244** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1245** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1246** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1247** the directory).
1248** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1249** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1250** release of SQLite.
1251** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1252** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1253** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1254** SQLite.
1255*/
1256#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1257#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1258#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1259
1260/*
1261** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1262**
1263** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1264** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1265** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1266** xShmLock method:
1267**
1268** <ul>
1269** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1270** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1271** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1272** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1273** </ul>
1274**
1275** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1276** was given on the corresponding lock.
1277**
1278** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1279** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1280** and EXCLUSIVE.
1281*/
1282#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1283#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1284#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1285#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1286
1287/*
1288** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1289**
1290** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1291** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1292** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1293** lock outside of this range
1294*/
1295#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1296
1297
1298/*
1299** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1300**
1301** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1302** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1303** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1304** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1305** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1306** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1307**
1308** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1309** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1310** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1311** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1312** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1313** are harmless no-ops.)^
1314**
1315** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1316** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1317** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1318** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1319**
1320** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1321** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1322** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1323** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1324** sqlite3_shutdown().
1325**
1326** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1327** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1328** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1329**
1330** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1331** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1332** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1333** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1334**
1335** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1336** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1337** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1338** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1339** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1340** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1341** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1342** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1343** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1344** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1345** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1346** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1347** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1348** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1349**
1350** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1351** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1352** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1353** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1354** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1355** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1356** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1357**
1358** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1359** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1360** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1361** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1362** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1363** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1364** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1365** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1366** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1367** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1368** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1369** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1370** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1371** failure.
1372*/
1373int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1374int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1375int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1376int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1377
1378/*
1379** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1380**
1381** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1382** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1383** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1384** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1385** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1386**
1387** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1388** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1389** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1390**
1391** The sqlite3_config() interface
1392** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1393** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1394** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1395** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1396** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1397** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1398**
1399** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1400** [configuration option] that determines
1401** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1402** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1403** in the first argument.
1404**
1405** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1406** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1407** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1408*/
1409int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1410
1411/*
1412** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1413** METHOD: sqlite3
1414**
1415** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1416** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1417** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1418** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1419**
1420** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1421** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1422** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1423** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1424**
1425** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1426** the call is considered successful.
1427*/
1428int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1429
1430/*
1431** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1432**
1433** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1434** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1435**
1436** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1437** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1438** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1439** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1440** By creating an instance of this object
1441** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1442** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1443** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1444** dynamic memory needs.
1445**
1446** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1447** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1448** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1449** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1450** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1451** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1452** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1453** conditions.
1454**
1455** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1456** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1457** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1458** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1459**
1460** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1461** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1462** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1463**
1464** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1465** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1466** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1467** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1468** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1469** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1470** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1471**
1472** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1473** it might allocate any require mutexes or initialize internal data
1474** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1475** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1476** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1477** xInit and xShutdown.
1478**
1479** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER] mutex when it invokes
1480** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1481** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1482** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1483** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1484** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1485** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1486** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1487** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1488** serialization.
1489**
1490** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1491** call to xShutdown().
1492*/
1493typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1494struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1495  void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1496  void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1497  void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1498  int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1499  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1500  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1501  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1502  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1503};
1504
1505/*
1506** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1507** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1508**
1509** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1510** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1511**
1512** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1513** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1514** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1515** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1516** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1517** is invoked.
1518**
1519** <dl>
1520** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1521** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1522** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1523** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1524** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1525** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1526** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1527** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1528** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1529** configuration option.</dd>
1530**
1531** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1532** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1533** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1534** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1535** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1536** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1537** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1538** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1539** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1540** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1541** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1542** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1543** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1544**
1545** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1546** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1547** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1548** all mutexes including the recursive
1549** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1550** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1551** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1552** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1553** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1554** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1555** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1556** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1557** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1558** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1559** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1560**
1561** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1562** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1563** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1564** The argument specifies
1565** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1566** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1567** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1568** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1569**
1570** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1571** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1572** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1573** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1574** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1575** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1576** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1577** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1578**
1579** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1580** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1581** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1582** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1583** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1584**   <ul>
1585**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1586**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1587**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1588**   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1589**   </ul>)^
1590** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1591** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1592** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1593** </dd>
1594**
1595** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1596** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option specifies a static memory buffer
1597** that SQLite can use for scratch memory.  ^(There are three arguments
1598** to SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH:  A pointer an 8-byte
1599** aligned memory buffer from which the scratch allocations will be
1600** drawn, the size of each scratch allocation (sz),
1601** and the maximum number of scratch allocations (N).)^
1602** The first argument must be a pointer to an 8-byte aligned buffer
1603** of at least sz*N bytes of memory.
1604** ^SQLite will not use more than one scratch buffers per thread.
1605** ^SQLite will never request a scratch buffer that is more than 6
1606** times the database page size.
1607** ^If SQLite needs needs additional
1608** scratch memory beyond what is provided by this configuration option, then
1609** [sqlite3_malloc()] will be used to obtain the memory needed.<p>
1610** ^When the application provides any amount of scratch memory using
1611** SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH, SQLite avoids unnecessary large
1612** [sqlite3_malloc|heap allocations].
1613** This can help [Robson proof|prevent memory allocation failures] due to heap
1614** fragmentation in low-memory embedded systems.
1615** </dd>
1616**
1617** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1618** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1619** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1620** cache implementation.
1621** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-define page
1622** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1623** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1624** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1625** and the number of cache lines (N).
1626** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1627** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1628** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1629** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1630** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1631** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1632** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1633** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1634** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1635** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1636** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1637** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1638** is exhausted.
1639** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1640** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1641** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1642** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1643** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1644** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1645** additional cache line. </dd>
1646**
1647** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1648** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1649** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1650** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and
1651** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1652** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1653** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1654** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1655** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1656** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1657** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1658** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1659** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1660** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1661** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1662** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1663** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1664** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1665** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1666** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1667**
1668** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1669** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1670** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1671** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1672** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1673** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1674** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1675** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1676** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1677** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1678** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1679**
1680** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1681** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1682** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1683** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1684** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1685** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1686** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1687** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1688** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1689** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1690** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1691** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1692**
1693** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1694** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1695** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1696** The first argument is the
1697** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1698** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1699** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1700** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1701** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1702**
1703** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1704** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1705** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1706** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1707** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1708**
1709** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1710** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1711** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1712** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1713**
1714** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1715** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1716** global [error log].
1717** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1718** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1719** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1720** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1721** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1722** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1723** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1724** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1725** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1726** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1727** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1728** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1729** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1730** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1731** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1732** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1733**
1734** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1735** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1736** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1737** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1738** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1739** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1740** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1741** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1742** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1743** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1744** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1745** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1746** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1747**
1748** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1749** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1750** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1751** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1752** ^The default setting is determined
1753** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1754** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1755** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1756** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1757** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1758** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1759** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1760**
1761** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1762** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1763** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1764** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1765** </dd>
1766**
1767** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1768** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1769** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1770** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1771** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1772** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1773** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1774** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1775** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1776** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1777** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1778** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1779** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1780** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1781** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1782** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1783**
1784** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1785** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1786** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1787** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1788** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1789** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1790** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1791** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1792** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1793** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1794** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1795** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1796** changed to its compile-time default.
1797**
1798** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1799** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1800** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1801** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1802** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1803** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1804**
1805** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1806** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1807** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1808** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1809** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1810** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1811** target platform, and SQLite version.
1812**
1813** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1814** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1815** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1816** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1817** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1818** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1819** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1820** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1821** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1822** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1823** </dl>
1824*/
1825#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
1826#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
1827#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
1828#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1829#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1830#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1831#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1832#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
1833#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
1834#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1835#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1836/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
1837#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
1838#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
1839#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
1840#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
1841#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
1842#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1843#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1844#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
1845#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
1846#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
1847#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
1848#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
1849#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
1850
1851/*
1852** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
1853**
1854** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1855** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
1856**
1857** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1858** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1859** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
1860** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
1861** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1862** is invoked.
1863**
1864** <dl>
1865** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1866** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
1867** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
1868** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
1869** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
1870** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
1871** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
1872** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
1873** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
1874** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
1875** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
1876** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
1877** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
1878** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
1879** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
1880** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
1881** when the "current value" returned by
1882** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
1883** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
1884** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
1885** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
1886**
1887** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
1888** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
1889** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
1890** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
1891** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
1892** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1893** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
1894** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1895** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
1896**
1897** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
1898** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
1899** There should be two additional arguments.
1900** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
1901** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
1902** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1903** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
1904** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1905** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
1906**
1907** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
1908** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the two-argument
1909** version of the [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
1910** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
1911** There should be two additional arguments.
1912** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
1913** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
1914** unchanged.
1915** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1916** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
1917** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1918** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
1919**
1920** </dl>
1921*/
1922#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
1923#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
1924#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
1925#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
1926
1927
1928/*
1929** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
1930** METHOD: sqlite3
1931**
1932** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
1933** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
1934** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
1935*/
1936int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
1937
1938/*
1939** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
1940** METHOD: sqlite3
1941**
1942** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
1943** has a unique 64-bit signed
1944** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
1945** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
1946** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
1947** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
1948** is another alias for the rowid.
1949**
1950** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface returns the [rowid] of the
1951** most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
1952** on database connection D.
1953** ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not recorded.
1954** ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables
1955** have ever occurred on the database connection D,
1956** then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns zero.
1957**
1958** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger or within a [virtual table]
1959** method, then this routine will return the [rowid] of the inserted
1960** row as long as the trigger or virtual table method is running.
1961** But once the trigger or virtual table method ends, the value returned
1962** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger or virtual
1963** table method began.)^
1964**
1965** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
1966** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
1967** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
1968** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
1969** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
1970** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
1971** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
1972** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
1973** the return value of this interface.)^
1974**
1975** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
1976** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
1977**
1978** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
1979** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
1980**
1981** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
1982** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
1983** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
1984** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
1985** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
1986** last insert [rowid].
1987*/
1988sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
1989
1990/*
1991** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
1992** METHOD: sqlite3
1993**
1994** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
1995** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
1996** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
1997** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
1998** returned by this function.
1999**
2000** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2001** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2002** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2003**
2004** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2005** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2006** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2007** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2008** tables are counted.
2009**
2010** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2011** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2012** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2013** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2014**
2015** <ul>
2016**   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2017**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2018**        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2019**
2020**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2021**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2022**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2023**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2024**        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2025** </ul>
2026**
2027** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2028** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2029** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2030** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2031** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2032** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2033**
2034** See also the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface, the
2035** [count_changes pragma], and the [changes() SQL function].
2036**
2037** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2038** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2039** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2040*/
2041int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2042
2043/*
2044** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2045** METHOD: sqlite3
2046**
2047** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2048** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2049** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2050** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2051** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2052**
2053** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2054** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2055** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2056** are not counted.
2057**
2058** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface, the
2059** [count_changes pragma], and the [total_changes() SQL function].
2060**
2061** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2062** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2063** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2064*/
2065int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2066
2067/*
2068** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2069** METHOD: sqlite3
2070**
2071** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2072** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2073** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2074** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2075** immediately.
2076**
2077** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2078** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2079** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2080** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2081**
2082** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2083** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2084** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2085**
2086** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2087** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2088** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2089** will be rolled back automatically.
2090**
2091** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2092** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2093** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2094** running statements reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2095** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2096** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2097** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2098** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2099** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2100** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2101**
2102** If the database connection closes while [sqlite3_interrupt()]
2103** is running then bad things will likely happen.
2104*/
2105void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2106
2107/*
2108** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2109**
2110** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2111** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2112** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2113** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2114** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2115** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2116** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2117** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2118** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2119** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2120** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2121**
2122** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2123** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2124**
2125** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2126** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2127**
2128** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2129** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2130** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2131** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2132** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2133**
2134** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2135** UTF-8 string.
2136**
2137** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2138** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2139*/
2140int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2141int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2142
2143/*
2144** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2145** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2146** METHOD: sqlite3
2147**
2148** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2149** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2150** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2151** [database connection] D when another thread
2152** or process has the table locked.
2153** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2154** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2155**
2156** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2157** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2158** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2159**
2160** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2161** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2162** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2163** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2164** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2165** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2166** to the application.
2167** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2168** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2169**
2170** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2171** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2172** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2173** to the application instead of invoking the
2174** busy handler.
2175** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2176** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2177** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2178** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2179** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2180** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2181** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2182** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2183** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2184** the second process to proceed.
2185**
2186** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2187**
2188** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2189** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2190** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2191** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2192** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2193**
2194** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2195** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2196** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2197** result in undefined behavior.
2198**
2199** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2200** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2201*/
2202int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*,int), void*);
2203
2204/*
2205** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2206** METHOD: sqlite3
2207**
2208** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2209** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2210** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2211** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2212** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2213** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2214**
2215** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2216** turns off all busy handlers.
2217**
2218** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2219** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2220** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2221** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2222**
2223** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2224*/
2225int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2226
2227/*
2228** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2229** METHOD: sqlite3
2230**
2231** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2232** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2233**
2234** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2235** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2236** complete query results from one or more queries.
2237**
2238** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2239** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2240** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2241** and M be the number of columns.
2242**
2243** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2244** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2245** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2246** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2247** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2248** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2249**
2250** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2251** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2252** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2253**
2254** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2255** is as follows:
2256**
2257** <blockquote><pre>
2258**        Name        | Age
2259**        -----------------------
2260**        Alice       | 43
2261**        Bob         | 28
2262**        Cindy       | 21
2263** </pre></blockquote>
2264**
2265** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2266** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2267** in an array names azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2268**
2269** <blockquote><pre>
2270**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2271**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2272**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2273**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2274**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2275**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2276**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2277**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2278** </pre></blockquote>)^
2279**
2280** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2281** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2282** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2283** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2284**
2285** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2286** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2287** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2288** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2289** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2290** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2291**
2292** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2293** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2294** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2295** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2296** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2297** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2298** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2299*/
2300int sqlite3_get_table(
2301  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2302  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2303  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2304  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2305  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2306  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2307);
2308void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2309
2310/*
2311** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2312**
2313** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2314** from the standard C library.
2315** These routines understand most of the common K&R formatting options,
2316** plus some additional non-standard formats, detailed below.
2317** Note that some of the more obscure formatting options from recent
2318** C-library standards are omitted from this implementation.
2319**
2320** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2321** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
2322** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2323** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2324** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc()] is unable to allocate enough
2325** memory to hold the resulting string.
2326**
2327** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2328** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2329** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2330** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2331** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2332** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2333** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2334** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2335** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2336** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2337** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2338** now without breaking compatibility.
2339**
2340** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2341** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2342** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2343** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2344** written will be n-1 characters.
2345**
2346** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2347**
2348** These routines all implement some additional formatting
2349** options that are useful for constructing SQL statements.
2350** All of the usual printf() formatting options apply.  In addition, there
2351** is are "%q", "%Q", "%w" and "%z" options.
2352**
2353** ^(The %q option works like %s in that it substitutes a nul-terminated
2354** string from the argument list.  But %q also doubles every '\'' character.
2355** %q is designed for use inside a string literal.)^  By doubling each '\''
2356** character it escapes that character and allows it to be inserted into
2357** the string.
2358**
2359** For example, assume the string variable zText contains text as follows:
2360**
2361** <blockquote><pre>
2362**  char *zText = "It's a happy day!";
2363** </pre></blockquote>
2364**
2365** One can use this text in an SQL statement as follows:
2366**
2367** <blockquote><pre>
2368**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES('%q')", zText);
2369**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2370**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2371** </pre></blockquote>
2372**
2373** Because the %q format string is used, the '\'' character in zText
2374** is escaped and the SQL generated is as follows:
2375**
2376** <blockquote><pre>
2377**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It''s a happy day!')
2378** </pre></blockquote>
2379**
2380** This is correct.  Had we used %s instead of %q, the generated SQL
2381** would have looked like this:
2382**
2383** <blockquote><pre>
2384**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It's a happy day!');
2385** </pre></blockquote>
2386**
2387** This second example is an SQL syntax error.  As a general rule you should
2388** always use %q instead of %s when inserting text into a string literal.
2389**
2390** ^(The %Q option works like %q except it also adds single quotes around
2391** the outside of the total string.  Additionally, if the parameter in the
2392** argument list is a NULL pointer, %Q substitutes the text "NULL" (without
2393** single quotes).)^  So, for example, one could say:
2394**
2395** <blockquote><pre>
2396**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES(%Q)", zText);
2397**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2398**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2399** </pre></blockquote>
2400**
2401** The code above will render a correct SQL statement in the zSQL
2402** variable even if the zText variable is a NULL pointer.
2403**
2404** ^(The "%w" formatting option is like "%q" except that it expects to
2405** be contained within double-quotes instead of single quotes, and it
2406** escapes the double-quote character instead of the single-quote
2407** character.)^  The "%w" formatting option is intended for safely inserting
2408** table and column names into a constructed SQL statement.
2409**
2410** ^(The "%z" formatting option works like "%s" but with the
2411** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
2412** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string.)^
2413*/
2414char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2415char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2416char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2417char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2418
2419/*
2420** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2421**
2422** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2423** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2424** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
2425** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2426**
2427** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2428** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2429** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2430** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2431** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2432** a NULL pointer.
2433**
2434** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2435** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2436** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2437**
2438** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2439** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2440** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2441** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2442** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2443** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2444** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2445** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2446** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2447** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2448**
2449** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2450** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2451** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2452** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2453** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2454** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2455** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2456** sqlite3_free(X).
2457** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2458** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2459** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2460** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2461** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2462** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2463** prior allocation is not freed.
2464**
2465** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2466** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2467** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2468**
2469** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2470** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2471** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2472** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2473** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2474** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2475** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2476** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2477** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2478**
2479** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2480** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2481** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2482** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2483** option is used.
2484**
2485** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
2486** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in
2487** implementation of these routines to be omitted.  That capability
2488** is no longer provided.  Only built-in memory allocators can be used.
2489**
2490** Prior to SQLite version 3.7.10, the Windows OS interface layer called
2491** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
2492** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
2493** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
2494** installation.  Memory allocation errors were detected, but
2495** they were reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
2496** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
2497**
2498** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2499** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2500** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2501** not yet been released.
2502**
2503** The application must not read or write any part of
2504** a block of memory after it has been released using
2505** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2506*/
2507void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2508void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2509void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2510void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2511void sqlite3_free(void*);
2512sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2513
2514/*
2515** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2516**
2517** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2518** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2519** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2520**
2521** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2522** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2523** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2524** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2525** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2526** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2527** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2528** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2529** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2530**
2531** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2532** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2533** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2534** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2535** prior to the reset.
2536*/
2537sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2538sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2539
2540/*
2541** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2542**
2543** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2544** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2545** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2546** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2547** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2548**
2549** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2550** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2551**
2552** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2553** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2554** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2555** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2556** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2557** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2558** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2559** method.
2560*/
2561void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2562
2563/*
2564** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2565** METHOD: sqlite3
2566**
2567** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2568** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2569** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2570** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2571** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  ^At various
2572** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2573** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2574** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2575** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2576** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2577** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2578** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2579** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2580** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2581** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2582**
2583** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2584** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2585** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2586** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2587** access is denied.
2588**
2589** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2590** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2591** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2592** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2593** to the callback are zero-terminated strings that contain additional
2594** details about the action to be authorized.
2595**
2596** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2597** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2598** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2599** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2600** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2601** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2602** columns of a table.
2603** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2604** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2605** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2606**
2607** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2608** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2609** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2610** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2611** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2612** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
2613** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
2614** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
2615** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
2616** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
2617**
2618** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
2619** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
2620** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
2621** in addition to using an authorizer.
2622**
2623** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
2624** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
2625** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
2626** The authorizer is disabled by default.
2627**
2628** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
2629** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
2630** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2631** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2632**
2633** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
2634** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
2635** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
2636** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
2637**
2638** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
2639** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
2640** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
2641** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
2642** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
2643*/
2644int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
2645  sqlite3*,
2646  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
2647  void *pUserData
2648);
2649
2650/*
2651** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
2652**
2653** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
2654** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
2655** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
2656** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
2657** information.
2658**
2659** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
2660** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
2661*/
2662#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
2663#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
2664
2665/*
2666** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
2667**
2668** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
2669** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
2670** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
2671** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
2672** the authorizer callback may be passed.
2673**
2674** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
2675** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
2676** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
2677** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
2678** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
2679** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
2680** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
2681** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
2682** top-level SQL code.
2683*/
2684/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
2685#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2686#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2687#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2688#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2689#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2690#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
2691#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2692#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
2693#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2694#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2695#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2696#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2697#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2698#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2699#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
2700#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2701#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
2702#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2703#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
2704#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2705#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
2706#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
2707#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2708#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
2709#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
2710#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
2711#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
2712#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2713#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2714#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2715#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
2716#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
2717#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
2718#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
2719
2720/*
2721** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
2722** METHOD: sqlite3
2723**
2724** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
2725** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
2726**
2727** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
2728** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
2729** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
2730** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
2731** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
2732** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
2733** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
2734**
2735** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
2736** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
2737**
2738** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
2739** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
2740** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
2741** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
2742** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
2743** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
2744** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
2745** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  The
2746** sqlite3_profile() function is considered experimental and is
2747** subject to change in future versions of SQLite.
2748*/
2749void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
2750SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
2751   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
2752
2753/*
2754** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
2755** METHOD: sqlite3
2756**
2757** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
2758** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
2759** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
2760** database connection D.  An example use for this
2761** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
2762**
2763** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
2764** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
2765** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
2766** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
2767** handler is disabled.
2768**
2769** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
2770** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
2771** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
2772** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
2773** than 1.
2774**
2775** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
2776** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
2777** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
2778**
2779** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
2780** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
2781** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2782** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2783**
2784*/
2785void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
2786
2787/*
2788** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
2789** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
2790**
2791** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
2792** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
2793** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
2794** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
2795** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
2796** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
2797** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
2798** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
2799** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
2800** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
2801** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
2802** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
2803**
2804** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
2805** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
2806** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
2807**
2808** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
2809** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
2810** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
2811**
2812** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
2813** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
2814** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
2815** sqlite3_open_v2() can take one of
2816** the following three values, optionally combined with the
2817** [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE],
2818** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE], and/or [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flags:)^
2819**
2820** <dl>
2821** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
2822** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
2823** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
2824**
2825** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
2826** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
2827** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
2828** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
2829**
2830** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
2831** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
2832** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
2833** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
2834** </dl>
2835**
2836** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
2837** combinations shown above optionally combined with other
2838** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
2839** then the behavior is undefined.
2840**
2841** ^If the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] flag is set, then the database connection
2842** opens in the multi-thread [threading mode] as long as the single-thread
2843** mode has not been set at compile-time or start-time.  ^If the
2844** [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flag is set then the database connection opens
2845** in the serialized [threading mode] unless single-thread was
2846** previously selected at compile-time or start-time.
2847** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag causes the database connection to be
2848** eligible to use [shared cache mode], regardless of whether or not shared
2849** cache is enabled using [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].  ^The
2850** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE] flag causes the database connection to not
2851** participate in [shared cache mode] even if it is enabled.
2852**
2853** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
2854** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
2855** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
2856** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
2857**
2858** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
2859** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
2860** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
2861** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
2862** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
2863** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
2864** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
2865**
2866** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
2867** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
2868** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
2869**
2870** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
2871**
2872** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
2873** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
2874** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
2875** set in the fourth argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
2876** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
2877** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
2878** As of SQLite version 3.7.7, URI filename interpretation is turned off
2879** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
2880** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
2881** information.
2882**
2883** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
2884** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
2885** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
2886** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
2887** present, is ignored.
2888**
2889** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
2890** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
2891** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
2892** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
2893** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
2894** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
2895** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
2896**
2897** [[core URI query parameters]]
2898** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
2899** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
2900** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
2901** following query parameters:
2902**
2903** <ul>
2904**   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
2905**     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
2906**     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
2907**     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
2908**     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
2909**     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
2910**     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
2911**
2912**   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
2913**     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
2914**     an error)^.
2915**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
2916**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
2917**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
2918**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
2919**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
2920**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
2921**     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
2922**     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
2923**     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
2924**     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
2925**     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
2926**
2927**   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
2928**     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
2929**     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
2930**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
2931**     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
2932**     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
2933**     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
2934**     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
2935**
2936**  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
2937**     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
2938**     storage media on which the database file resides.
2939**
2940**  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
2941**     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
2942**     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
2943**     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
2944**     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
2945**     processes uses nolock=1.
2946**
2947**  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
2948**     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
2949**     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
2950**     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
2951**     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
2952**     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
2953**     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
2954**     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
2955**     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
2956**
2957** </ul>
2958**
2959** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
2960** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
2961** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
2962** additional information.
2963**
2964** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
2965**
2966** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
2967** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
2968** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
2969**          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
2970** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
2971**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
2972**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
2973**          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
2974** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
2975**          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
2976** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
2977**          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
2978**     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
2979**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
2980**          necessary - space characters can be used literally
2981**          in URI filenames.
2982** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
2983**          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
2984**          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
2985**          default, use a private cache.
2986** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
2987**          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
2988**          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
2989** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
2990**          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
2991** </table>
2992**
2993** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
2994** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
2995** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
2996** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
2997** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
2998** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
2999** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3000** the results are undefined.
3001**
3002** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3003** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3004** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3005** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3006** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3007**
3008** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3009** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3010** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3011**
3012** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3013*/
3014int sqlite3_open(
3015  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3016  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3017);
3018int sqlite3_open16(
3019  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3020  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3021);
3022int sqlite3_open_v2(
3023  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3024  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3025  int flags,              /* Flags */
3026  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3027);
3028
3029/*
3030** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3031**
3032** These are utility routines, useful to VFS implementations, that check
3033** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3034** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3035**
3036** If F is the database filename pointer passed into the xOpen() method of
3037** a VFS implementation when the flags parameter to xOpen() has one or
3038** more of the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] or [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB] bits set and
3039** P is the name of the query parameter, then
3040** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3041** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3042** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F
3043** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3044** a pointer to an empty string.
3045**
3046** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3047** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3048** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3049** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3050** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3051** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3052** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3053** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3054** parameter on F or if the value of P is does not match any of the
3055** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3056**
3057** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3058** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3059** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3060** zero is returned.
3061**
3062** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3063** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3064** is not a database file pathname pointer that SQLite passed into the xOpen
3065** VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined and probably
3066** undesirable.
3067*/
3068const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3069int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3070sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3071
3072
3073/*
3074** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3075** METHOD: sqlite3
3076**
3077** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3078** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3079** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3080** API call.
3081** If the most recent API call was successful,
3082** then the return value from sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
3083** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3084** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3085** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3086** disabled.
3087**
3088** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3089** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3090** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3091** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3092** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3093** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3094**
3095** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3096** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3097** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3098** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3099**
3100** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3101** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3102** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3103** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3104** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3105** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3106** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3107** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3108** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3109**
3110** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3111** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3112** error code and message may or may not be set.
3113*/
3114int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3115int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3116const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3117const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3118const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3119
3120/*
3121** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3122** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3123**
3124** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3125** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3126**
3127** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3128** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3129** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3130** prepared statement before it can be run.
3131**
3132** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3133**
3134** <ol>
3135** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3136** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3137**      interfaces.
3138** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3139** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3140**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3141** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3142** </ol>
3143*/
3144typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3145
3146/*
3147** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3148** METHOD: sqlite3
3149**
3150** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3151** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3152** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3153** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3154** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3155** new limit for that construct.)^
3156**
3157** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3158** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3159** [limits | hard upper bound]
3160** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3161** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3162** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3163** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3164** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3165**
3166** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3167** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3168** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3169** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3170**
3171** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3172** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3173** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3174** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3175** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3176** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3177** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3178** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3179** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3180** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3181** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3182** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3183**
3184** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3185*/
3186int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3187
3188/*
3189** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3190** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3191**
3192** These constants define various performance limits
3193** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3194** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3195** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3196**
3197** <dl>
3198** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3199** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3200**
3201** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3202** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3203**
3204** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3205** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3206** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3207** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3208**
3209** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3210** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3211**
3212** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3213** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3214**
3215** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3216** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3217** used to implement an SQL statement.  This limit is not currently
3218** enforced, though that might be added in some future release of
3219** SQLite.</dd>)^
3220**
3221** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3222** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3223**
3224** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3225** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3226**
3227** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3228** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3229** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3230** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3231**
3232** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3233** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3234** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3235**
3236** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3237** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3238**
3239** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3240** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3241** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3242** </dl>
3243*/
3244#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3245#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3246#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3247#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3248#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3249#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3250#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3251#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3252#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3253#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3254#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3255#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3256
3257/*
3258** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3259** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3260** METHOD: sqlite3
3261** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3262**
3263** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3264** program using one of these routines.
3265**
3266** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3267** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3268** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3269**
3270** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3271** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare_v2()
3272** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2()
3273** use UTF-16.
3274**
3275** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3276** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3277** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3278** statement is generated.
3279** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3280** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3281** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3282** the nul-terminator.
3283**
3284** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3285** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3286** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3287** what remains uncompiled.
3288**
3289** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3290** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3291** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3292** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3293** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3294** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3295** ppStmt may not be NULL.
3296**
3297** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
3298** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
3299**
3300** The sqlite3_prepare_v2() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2() interfaces are
3301** recommended for all new programs. The two older interfaces are retained
3302** for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
3303** ^In the "v2" interfaces, the prepared statement
3304** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
3305** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
3306** behave differently in three ways:
3307**
3308** <ol>
3309** <li>
3310** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
3311** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
3312** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
3313** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
3314** </li>
3315**
3316** <li>
3317** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
3318** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
3319** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
3320** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
3321** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
3322** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
3323** </li>
3324**
3325** <li>
3326** ^If the specific value bound to [parameter | host parameter] in the
3327** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
3328** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
3329** a schema change, on the first  [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
3330** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
3331** ^The specific value of WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
3332** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
3333** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
3334** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3] compile-time option is enabled.
3335** </li>
3336** </ol>
3337*/
3338int sqlite3_prepare(
3339  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3340  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3341  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3342  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3343  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3344);
3345int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
3346  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3347  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3348  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3349  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3350  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3351);
3352int sqlite3_prepare16(
3353  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3354  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3355  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3356  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3357  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3358);
3359int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
3360  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3361  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3362  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3363  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3364  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3365);
3366
3367/*
3368** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
3369** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3370**
3371** ^This interface can be used to retrieve a saved copy of the original
3372** SQL text used to create a [prepared statement] if that statement was
3373** compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3374*/
3375const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3376
3377/*
3378** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
3379** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3380**
3381** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
3382** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
3383** the content of the database file.
3384**
3385** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
3386** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
3387** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
3388** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
3389** change the database file through side-effects:
3390**
3391** <blockquote><pre>
3392**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
3393** </pre></blockquote>
3394**
3395** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
3396** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
3397**
3398** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
3399** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
3400** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
3401** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
3402** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
3403** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
3404** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
3405** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
3406*/
3407int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3408
3409/*
3410** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
3411** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3412**
3413** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
3414** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
3415** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
3416** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
3417** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
3418** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
3419** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
3420** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
3421**
3422** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
3423** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
3424** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
3425** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
3426** statements that are holding a transaction open.
3427*/
3428int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
3429
3430/*
3431** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
3432** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
3433**
3434** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
3435** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
3436** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
3437** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
3438**
3439** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
3440** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
3441** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3442** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
3443** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
3444** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
3445** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3446**
3447** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
3448** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
3449** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
3450** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
3451** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
3452** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
3453** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
3454** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
3455** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
3456** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
3457** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
3458** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
3459**
3460** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
3461** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
3462** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
3463** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
3464** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used with
3465** [sqlite3_result_value()] and [sqlite3_bind_value()].
3466** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
3467** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
3468*/
3469typedef struct Mem sqlite3_value;
3470
3471/*
3472** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
3473**
3474** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
3475** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
3476** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
3477** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
3478** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
3479** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
3480** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
3481** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
3482*/
3483typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
3484
3485/*
3486** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
3487** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
3488** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
3489** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3490**
3491** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
3492** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
3493** templates:
3494**
3495** <ul>
3496** <li>  ?
3497** <li>  ?NNN
3498** <li>  :VVV
3499** <li>  @VVV
3500** <li>  $VVV
3501** </ul>
3502**
3503** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
3504** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
3505** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
3506** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
3507**
3508** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
3509** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
3510** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
3511**
3512** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
3513** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
3514** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
3515** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
3516** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
3517** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
3518** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
3519** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
3520** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 999).
3521**
3522** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
3523** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3524** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
3525** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
3526**
3527** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
3528** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
3529** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
3530** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3531** is negative, then the length of the string is
3532** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
3533** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
3534** the behavior is undefined.
3535** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
3536** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
3537** that parameter must be the byte offset
3538** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
3539** terminated.  If any NUL characters occur at byte offsets less than
3540** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
3541** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
3542** with embedded NULs is undefined.
3543**
3544** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
3545** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
3546** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
3547** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to bind API fails.
3548** ^If the fifth argument is
3549** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
3550** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
3551** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
3552** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
3553** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
3554**
3555** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
3556** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
3557** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
3558** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
3559** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
3560** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
3561** is undefined.
3562**
3563** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
3564** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
3565** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
3566** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
3567** content is later written using
3568** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
3569** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
3570**
3571** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
3572** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
3573** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
3574** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
3575** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
3576** result is undefined and probably harmful.
3577**
3578** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
3579** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
3580**
3581** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
3582** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
3583** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
3584** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
3585** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
3586** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
3587** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
3588**
3589** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
3590** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3591*/
3592int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
3593int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
3594                        void(*)(void*));
3595int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
3596int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
3597int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
3598int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3599int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
3600int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
3601int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
3602                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
3603int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
3604int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
3605int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
3606
3607/*
3608** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
3609** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3610**
3611** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
3612** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
3613** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
3614** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
3615** to the parameters at a later time.
3616**
3617** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
3618** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
3619** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
3620** there may be gaps in the list.)^
3621**
3622** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3623** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
3624** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3625*/
3626int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
3627
3628/*
3629** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
3630** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3631**
3632** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
3633** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
3634** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3635** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3636** respectively.
3637** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
3638** is included as part of the name.)^
3639** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
3640** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
3641**
3642** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
3643**
3644** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
3645** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
3646** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
3647** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()] or
3648** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3649**
3650** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3651** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3652** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3653*/
3654const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3655
3656/*
3657** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
3658** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3659**
3660** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
3661** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
3662** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
3663** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
3664** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
3665** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3666**
3667** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3668** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3669** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
3670*/
3671int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
3672
3673/*
3674** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
3675** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3676**
3677** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
3678** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
3679** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
3680*/
3681int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
3682
3683/*
3684** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
3685** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3686**
3687** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
3688** [prepared statement]. ^This routine returns 0 if pStmt is an SQL
3689** statement that does not return data (for example an [UPDATE]).
3690**
3691** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
3692*/
3693int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3694
3695/*
3696** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
3697** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3698**
3699** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
3700** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
3701** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
3702** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
3703** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
3704** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
3705** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
3706**
3707** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
3708** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
3709** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
3710** or until the next call to
3711** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
3712**
3713** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
3714** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
3715** NULL pointer is returned.
3716**
3717** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
3718** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
3719** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
3720** one release of SQLite to the next.
3721*/
3722const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3723const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3724
3725/*
3726** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
3727** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3728**
3729** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
3730** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
3731** [SELECT] statement.
3732** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
3733** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
3734** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
3735** the origin_ routines return the column name.
3736** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
3737** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
3738** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
3739** or until the same information is requested
3740** again in a different encoding.
3741**
3742** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
3743** database, table, and column.
3744**
3745** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
3746** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
3747** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
3748** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
3749**
3750** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
3751** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
3752** NULL.  ^These routine might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
3753** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
3754** or column that query result column was extracted from.
3755**
3756** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
3757** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
3758**
3759** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
3760** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
3761**
3762** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
3763** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
3764** undefined.
3765**
3766** If two or more threads call one or more
3767** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
3768** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
3769** at the same time then the results are undefined.
3770*/
3771const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3772const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3773const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3774const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3775const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3776const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3777
3778/*
3779** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
3780** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3781**
3782** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
3783** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
3784** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
3785** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
3786** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
3787** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
3788** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
3789**
3790** ^(For example, given the database schema:
3791**
3792** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
3793**
3794** and the following statement to be compiled:
3795**
3796** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
3797**
3798** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
3799** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
3800**
3801** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
3802** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
3803** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
3804** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
3805** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
3806** used to hold those values.
3807*/
3808const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3809const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3810
3811/*
3812** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
3813** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3814**
3815** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
3816** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
3817** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
3818** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
3819**
3820** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
3821** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "v2" interface
3822** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
3823** interface [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
3824** new "v2" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
3825** interface will continue to be supported.
3826**
3827** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
3828** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
3829** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
3830** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
3831**
3832** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
3833** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
3834** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
3835** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
3836** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
3837** continuing.
3838**
3839** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
3840** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
3841** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
3842** machine back to its initial state.
3843**
3844** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
3845** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
3846** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
3847** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
3848**
3849** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
3850** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
3851** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
3852** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
3853** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
3854** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
3855** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
3856** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
3857**
3858** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
3859** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
3860** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
3861** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
3862** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
3863** more threads at the same moment in time.
3864**
3865** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
3866** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
3867** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
3868** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
3869** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
3870** sqlite3_step().  But after version 3.6.23.1, sqlite3_step() began
3871** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
3872** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
3873** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
3874** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
3875** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
3876**
3877** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
3878** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
3879** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
3880** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
3881** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
3882** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
3883** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
3884** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
3885** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
3886** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
3887** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
3888*/
3889int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
3890
3891/*
3892** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
3893** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3894**
3895** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
3896** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
3897** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
3898** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of
3899** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
3900** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
3901** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
3902** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
3903** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
3904** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
3905** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
3906** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
3907**
3908** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
3909*/
3910int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3911
3912/*
3913** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
3914** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
3915**
3916** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
3917**
3918** <ul>
3919** <li> 64-bit signed integer
3920** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
3921** <li> string
3922** <li> BLOB
3923** <li> NULL
3924** </ul>)^
3925**
3926** These constants are codes for each of those types.
3927**
3928** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
3929** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
3930** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
3931** SQLITE_TEXT.
3932*/
3933#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
3934#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
3935#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
3936#define SQLITE_NULL     5
3937#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
3938# undef SQLITE_TEXT
3939#else
3940# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
3941#endif
3942#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
3943
3944/*
3945** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
3946** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
3947** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3948**
3949** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
3950** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
3951** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
3952** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
3953** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
3954** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
3955** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
3956** [sqlite3_column_count()].
3957**
3958** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
3959** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
3960** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
3961** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
3962** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
3963** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
3964** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
3965** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
3966** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
3967** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
3968** are pending, then the results are undefined.
3969**
3970** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
3971** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
3972** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
3973** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].  The value
3974** returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no type
3975** conversions have occurred as described below.  After a type conversion,
3976** the value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is undefined.  Future
3977** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
3978** following a type conversion.
3979**
3980** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
3981** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
3982** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
3983** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
3984** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
3985** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
3986** the number of bytes in that string.
3987** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
3988**
3989** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
3990** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
3991** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
3992** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
3993** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
3994** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
3995** the number of bytes in that string.
3996** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
3997**
3998** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
3999** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4000** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4001** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4002** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4003**
4004** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4005** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4006** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4007**
4008** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4009** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4010** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4011** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4012** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4013** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4014** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4015** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4016**
4017** These routines attempt to convert the value where appropriate.  ^For
4018** example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4019** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4020** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4021** that are applied:
4022**
4023** <blockquote>
4024** <table border="1">
4025** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4026**
4027** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4028** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4029** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4030** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4031** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4032** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4033** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4034** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4035** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4036** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4037** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4038** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4039** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4040** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4041** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4042** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4043** </table>
4044** </blockquote>)^
4045**
4046** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4047** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4048** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4049** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4050** in the following cases:
4051**
4052** <ul>
4053** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4054**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4055**      need to be added to the string.</li>
4056** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4057**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4058**      to UTF-16.</li>
4059** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4060**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4061**      to UTF-8.</li>
4062** </ul>
4063**
4064** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4065** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4066** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4067** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4068** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4069**
4070** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4071** in one of the following ways:
4072**
4073** <ul>
4074**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4075**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4076**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4077** </ul>
4078**
4079** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4080** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4081** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4082** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4083** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4084** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4085** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4086**
4087** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4088** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4089** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4090** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do <em>not</em> pass the pointers returned
4091** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4092** [sqlite3_free()].
4093**
4094** ^(If a memory allocation error occurs during the evaluation of any
4095** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
4096** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
4097** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
4098** [SQLITE_NOMEM].)^
4099*/
4100const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4101int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4102int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4103double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4104int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4105sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4106const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4107const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4108int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4109sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4110
4111/*
4112** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4113** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4114**
4115** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4116** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4117** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4118** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4119** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4120** [extended error code].
4121**
4122** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4123** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4124** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4125** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4126** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4127** completed execution.
4128**
4129** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4130**
4131** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4132** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4133** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4134** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4135** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
4136*/
4137int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4138
4139/*
4140** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
4141** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4142**
4143** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
4144** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
4145** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
4146** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
4147** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
4148**
4149** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
4150** back to the beginning of its program.
4151**
4152** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4153** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
4154** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
4155** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
4156**
4157** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4158** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
4159** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
4160**
4161** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
4162** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
4163*/
4164int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4165
4166/*
4167** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
4168** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
4169** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
4170** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
4171** METHOD: sqlite3
4172**
4173** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
4174** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
4175** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only differences between
4176** these routines are the text encoding expected for
4177** the second parameter (the name of the function being created)
4178** and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
4179** the application data pointer.
4180**
4181** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
4182** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
4183** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
4184** to each database connection separately.
4185**
4186** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
4187** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
4188** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
4189** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
4190** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
4191** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
4192**
4193** ^The third parameter (nArg)
4194** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
4195** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
4196** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
4197** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
4198** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
4199** undefined.
4200**
4201** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
4202** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
4203** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
4204** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
4205** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
4206** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
4207** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
4208** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
4209** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
4210** each encoding.
4211** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
4212** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
4213**
4214** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
4215** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
4216** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
4217** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
4218** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
4219** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
4220** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
4221**
4222** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
4223** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
4224**
4225** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
4226** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
4227** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
4228** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
4229** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
4230** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
4231** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
4232** callbacks.
4233**
4234** ^(If the ninth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() is not NULL,
4235** then it is destructor for the application data pointer.
4236** The destructor is invoked when the function is deleted, either by being
4237** overloaded or when the database connection closes.)^
4238** ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
4239** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.
4240** ^When the destructor callback of the tenth parameter is invoked, it
4241** is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application data
4242** pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
4243**
4244** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
4245** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
4246** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
4247** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
4248** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
4249** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
4250** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
4251** matches the database encoding is a better
4252** match than a function where the encoding is different.
4253** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
4254** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
4255** between UTF8 and UTF16.
4256**
4257** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
4258**
4259** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
4260** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
4261** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
4262** statement in which the function is running.
4263*/
4264int sqlite3_create_function(
4265  sqlite3 *db,
4266  const char *zFunctionName,
4267  int nArg,
4268  int eTextRep,
4269  void *pApp,
4270  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4271  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4272  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4273);
4274int sqlite3_create_function16(
4275  sqlite3 *db,
4276  const void *zFunctionName,
4277  int nArg,
4278  int eTextRep,
4279  void *pApp,
4280  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4281  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4282  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4283);
4284int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
4285  sqlite3 *db,
4286  const char *zFunctionName,
4287  int nArg,
4288  int eTextRep,
4289  void *pApp,
4290  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4291  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4292  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
4293  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4294);
4295
4296/*
4297** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
4298**
4299** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
4300** text encodings supported by SQLite.
4301*/
4302#define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
4303#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
4304#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
4305#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
4306#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
4307#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
4308
4309/*
4310** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
4311**
4312** These constants may be ORed together with the
4313** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
4314** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
4315** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
4316*/
4317#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x800
4318
4319/*
4320** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
4321** DEPRECATED
4322**
4323** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
4324** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
4325** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
4326** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
4327** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
4328*/
4329#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
4330SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
4331SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
4332SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
4333SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
4334SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
4335SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
4336                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
4337#endif
4338
4339/*
4340** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
4341** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4342**
4343** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
4344** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
4345** the function or aggregate.
4346**
4347** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
4348** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4349** define callbacks that implement the SQL functions and aggregates.
4350** The 3rd parameter to these callbacks is an array of pointers to
4351** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  There is one [sqlite3_value] object for
4352** each parameter to the SQL function.  These routines are used to
4353** extract values from the [sqlite3_value] objects.
4354**
4355** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
4356** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
4357** object results in undefined behavior.
4358**
4359** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
4360** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
4361** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
4362**
4363** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
4364** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
4365** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
4366** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
4367**
4368** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
4369** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
4370** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
4371** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
4372** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
4373** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
4374** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
4375**
4376** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
4377** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
4378** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
4379** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4380** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
4381**
4382** These routines must be called from the same thread as
4383** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
4384*/
4385const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
4386int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
4387int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
4388double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
4389int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
4390sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
4391const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
4392const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
4393const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
4394const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
4395int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
4396int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
4397
4398/*
4399** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
4400** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4401**
4402** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
4403** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
4404** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
4405** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
4406** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
4407**
4408** SQLite makes no use of subtype itself.  It merely passes the subtype
4409** from the result of one [application-defined SQL function] into the
4410** input of another.
4411*/
4412unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
4413
4414/*
4415** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
4416** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4417**
4418** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4419** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
4420** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
4421** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
4422** memory allocation fails.
4423**
4424** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
4425** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
4426** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
4427*/
4428sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
4429void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
4430
4431/*
4432** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
4433** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4434**
4435** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
4436** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
4437**
4438** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
4439** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite
4440** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
4441** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
4442** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
4443** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
4444** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
4445** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
4446** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
4447** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
4448** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
4449** first time from within xFinal().)^
4450**
4451** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
4452** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
4453** allocate error occurs.
4454**
4455** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
4456** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
4457** value of N in subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
4458** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
4459** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
4460** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
4461** pointless memory allocations occur.
4462**
4463** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
4464** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
4465**
4466** The first parameter must be a copy of the
4467** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
4468** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
4469** function.
4470**
4471** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4472** the aggregate SQL function is running.
4473*/
4474void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
4475
4476/*
4477** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
4478** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4479**
4480** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
4481** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
4482** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4483** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4484** registered the application defined function.
4485**
4486** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4487** the application-defined function is running.
4488*/
4489void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
4490
4491/*
4492** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
4493** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4494**
4495** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
4496** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
4497** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4498** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4499** registered the application defined function.
4500*/
4501sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
4502
4503/*
4504** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
4505** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4506**
4507** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
4508** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
4509** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
4510** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
4511** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
4512** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
4513** metadata associated with the pattern string.
4514** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
4515** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
4516** invocations of the same function.
4517**
4518** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface returns a pointer to the metadata
4519** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata() function with the Nth argument
4520** value to the application-defined function. ^If there is no metadata
4521** associated with the function argument, this sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface
4522** returns a NULL pointer.
4523**
4524** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
4525** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
4526** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
4527** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
4528** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
4529** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
4530** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
4531** once, when the metadata is discarded.
4532** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
4533** <li> when the corresponding function parameter changes, or
4534** <li> when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
4535**      SQL statement, or
4536** <li> when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same parameter, or
4537** <li> during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
4538**      allocation error occurs. </ul>)^
4539**
4540** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
4541** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
4542** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
4543** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
4544** function implementation should not make any use of P after
4545** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
4546**
4547** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
4548** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
4549** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
4550**
4551** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
4552** the SQL function is running.
4553*/
4554void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
4555void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
4556
4557
4558/*
4559** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
4560**
4561** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
4562** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
4563** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
4564** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
4565** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
4566** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
4567** the content before returning.
4568**
4569** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
4570** C++ compilers.
4571*/
4572typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
4573#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
4574#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
4575
4576/*
4577** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
4578** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4579**
4580** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
4581** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
4582** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4583** for additional information.
4584**
4585** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
4586** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
4587** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
4588**
4589** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
4590** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
4591** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
4592** third parameter.
4593**
4594** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
4595** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
4596** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
4597**
4598** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
4599** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
4600** by its 2nd argument.
4601**
4602** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
4603** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
4604** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
4605** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
4606** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
4607** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
4608** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 in native
4609** byte order.  ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
4610** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
4611** message all text up through the first zero character.
4612** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
4613** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
4614** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
4615** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
4616** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
4617** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
4618** modify the text after they return without harm.
4619** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
4620** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
4621** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
4622** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
4623**
4624** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4625** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
4626**
4627** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4628** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
4629**
4630** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
4631** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
4632** value given in the 2nd argument.
4633** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
4634** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
4635** value given in the 2nd argument.
4636**
4637** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
4638** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
4639**
4640** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
4641** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
4642** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
4643** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
4644** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
4645** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
4646** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
4647** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
4648** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
4649** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
4650** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
4651** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4652** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
4653** through the first zero character.
4654** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4655** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
4656** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
4657** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
4658** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
4659** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
4660** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
4661** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
4662** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
4663** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4664** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
4665** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
4666** finished using that result.
4667** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
4668** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
4669** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
4670** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
4671** when it has finished using that result.
4672** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4673** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
4674** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained from
4675** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
4676**
4677** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
4678** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
4679** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
4680** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4681** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
4682** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
4683** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
4684** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
4685** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
4686**
4687** If these routines are called from within the different thread
4688** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
4689** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
4690*/
4691void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4692void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
4693                           sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
4694void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
4695void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
4696void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
4697void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
4698void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
4699void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
4700void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
4701void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
4702void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
4703void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
4704void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
4705                           void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4706void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4707void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
4708void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
4709void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
4710void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
4711int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
4712
4713
4714/*
4715** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
4716** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4717**
4718** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
4719** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
4720** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
4721** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
4722** higher order bits are discarded.
4723** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
4724** in future releases of SQLite.
4725*/
4726void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
4727
4728/*
4729** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
4730** METHOD: sqlite3
4731**
4732** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
4733** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
4734**
4735** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
4736** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
4737** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
4738** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
4739** considered to be the same name.
4740**
4741** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
4742** <ul>
4743** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
4744** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
4745** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
4746** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
4747** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
4748** </ul>)^
4749** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
4750** to the collating function callback, xCallback.
4751** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
4752** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
4753** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
4754** on an even byte address.
4755**
4756** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
4757** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
4758**
4759** ^The fifth argument, xCallback, is a pointer to the collating function.
4760** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
4761** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
4762** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
4763** ^If the xCallback argument is NULL then the collating function is
4764** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
4765** that collation is no longer usable.
4766**
4767** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
4768** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
4769** by the eTextRep argument.  The collating function must return an
4770** integer that is negative, zero, or positive
4771** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
4772** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
4773** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
4774** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
4775** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
4776** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
4777** strings A, B, and C:
4778**
4779** <ol>
4780** <li> If A==B then B==A.
4781** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
4782** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
4783** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
4784** </ol>
4785**
4786** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
4787** collating function is  registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
4788** is undefined.
4789**
4790** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
4791** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
4792** the collating function is deleted.
4793** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
4794** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
4795** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
4796**
4797** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
4798** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
4799** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
4800** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
4801** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
4802** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
4803** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
4804** compatibility.
4805**
4806** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
4807*/
4808int sqlite3_create_collation(
4809  sqlite3*,
4810  const char *zName,
4811  int eTextRep,
4812  void *pArg,
4813  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
4814);
4815int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
4816  sqlite3*,
4817  const char *zName,
4818  int eTextRep,
4819  void *pArg,
4820  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
4821  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4822);
4823int sqlite3_create_collation16(
4824  sqlite3*,
4825  const void *zName,
4826  int eTextRep,
4827  void *pArg,
4828  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
4829);
4830
4831/*
4832** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
4833** METHOD: sqlite3
4834**
4835** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
4836** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
4837** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
4838** sequence is required.
4839**
4840** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
4841** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
4842** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
4843** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
4844** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
4845**
4846** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
4847** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
4848** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
4849** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
4850** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
4851** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
4852** required collation sequence.)^
4853**
4854** The callback function should register the desired collation using
4855** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
4856** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
4857*/
4858int sqlite3_collation_needed(
4859  sqlite3*,
4860  void*,
4861  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
4862);
4863int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
4864  sqlite3*,
4865  void*,
4866  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
4867);
4868
4869#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
4870/*
4871** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
4872** called right after sqlite3_open().
4873**
4874** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
4875** of SQLite.
4876*/
4877int sqlite3_key(
4878  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
4879  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
4880);
4881int sqlite3_key_v2(
4882  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
4883  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
4884  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
4885);
4886
4887/*
4888** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
4889** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
4890** database is decrypted.
4891**
4892** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
4893** of SQLite.
4894*/
4895int sqlite3_rekey(
4896  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
4897  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
4898);
4899int sqlite3_rekey_v2(
4900  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
4901  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
4902  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
4903);
4904
4905/*
4906** Specify the activation key for a SEE database.  Unless
4907** activated, none of the SEE routines will work.
4908*/
4909void sqlite3_activate_see(
4910  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
4911);
4912#endif
4913
4914#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
4915/*
4916** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
4917** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
4918*/
4919void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
4920  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
4921);
4922#endif
4923
4924/*
4925** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
4926**
4927** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
4928** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
4929**
4930** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
4931** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
4932** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
4933** requested from the operating system is returned.
4934**
4935** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
4936** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
4937** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
4938** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
4939** in the previous paragraphs.
4940*/
4941int sqlite3_sleep(int);
4942
4943/*
4944** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
4945**
4946** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
4947** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
4948** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
4949** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
4950** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
4951** temporary file directory.
4952**
4953** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
4954** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
4955** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
4956** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
4957** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
4958** be avoided in new projects.
4959**
4960** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
4961** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
4962** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
4963** thread.
4964** It is intended that this variable be set once
4965** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
4966** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
4967** thereafter.
4968**
4969** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
4970** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
4971** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
4972** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
4973** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
4974** using [sqlite3_free].
4975** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
4976** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
4977** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
4978** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
4979** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
4980** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
4981** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
4982** objects have been destroyed.
4983**
4984** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
4985** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
4986** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
4987** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
4988**
4989** <blockquote><pre>
4990** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
4991** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
4992** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
4993** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
4994** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
4995** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
4996** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
4997** </pre></blockquote>
4998*/
4999SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
5000
5001/*
5002** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
5003**
5004** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5005** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
5006** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
5007** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
5008** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
5009** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
5010** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
5011** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
5012** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
5013**
5014** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
5015** open can result in a corrupt database.
5016**
5017** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5018** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5019** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5020** thread.
5021** It is intended that this variable be set once
5022** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5023** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5024** thereafter.
5025**
5026** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5027** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5028** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5029** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5030** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5031** using [sqlite3_free].
5032** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5033** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5034** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5035*/
5036SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
5037
5038/*
5039** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
5040** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
5041** METHOD: sqlite3
5042**
5043** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
5044** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
5045** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
5046** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
5047** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
5048**
5049** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
5050** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
5051** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
5052** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
5053** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
5054** an error is to use this function.
5055**
5056** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
5057** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
5058** is undefined.
5059*/
5060int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
5061
5062/*
5063** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
5064** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5065**
5066** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
5067** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
5068** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
5069** that was the first argument
5070** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
5071** create the statement in the first place.
5072*/
5073sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
5074
5075/*
5076** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
5077** METHOD: sqlite3
5078**
5079** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename
5080** associated with database N of connection D.  ^The main database file
5081** has the name "main".  If there is no attached database N on the database
5082** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
5083** a NULL pointer is returned.
5084**
5085** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
5086** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
5087** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
5088** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
5089*/
5090const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5091
5092/*
5093** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
5094** METHOD: sqlite3
5095**
5096** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
5097** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
5098** the name of a database on connection D.
5099*/
5100int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5101
5102/*
5103** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
5104** METHOD: sqlite3
5105**
5106** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
5107** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
5108** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
5109** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
5110** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
5111**
5112** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
5113** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
5114** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
5115*/
5116sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5117
5118/*
5119** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
5120** METHOD: sqlite3
5121**
5122** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
5123** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
5124** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
5125** for the same database connection is overridden.
5126** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
5127** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
5128** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
5129** for the same database connection is overridden.
5130** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
5131** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
5132** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
5133**
5134** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
5135** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
5136** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5137** the first call for each function on D.
5138**
5139** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
5140** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
5141** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
5142** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5143** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
5144** or rollback hook in the first place.
5145** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
5146** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
5147** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5148**
5149** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
5150**
5151** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
5152** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
5153** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
5154** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
5155** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
5156**
5157** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
5158** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
5159** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
5160** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
5161** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
5162**
5163** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
5164*/
5165void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
5166void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
5167
5168/*
5169** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
5170** METHOD: sqlite3
5171**
5172** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
5173** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
5174** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
5175** a rowid table.
5176** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
5177** for the same database connection is overridden.
5178**
5179** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
5180** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
5181** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
5182** to sqlite3_update_hook().
5183** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
5184** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
5185** to be invoked.
5186** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
5187** database and table name containing the affected row.
5188** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
5189** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
5190**
5191** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
5192** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).)^
5193** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
5194**
5195** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
5196** is not invoked when duplication rows are deleted because of an
5197** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
5198** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
5199** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
5200** release of SQLite.
5201**
5202** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
5203** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
5204** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5205** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
5206** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
5207** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5208**
5209** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
5210** returns the P argument from the previous call
5211** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5212** the first call on D.
5213**
5214** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()] and [sqlite3_rollback_hook()]
5215** interfaces.
5216*/
5217void *sqlite3_update_hook(
5218  sqlite3*,
5219  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
5220  void*
5221);
5222
5223/*
5224** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
5225**
5226** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
5227** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
5228** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
5229** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
5230**
5231** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
5232** This is a change as of SQLite version 3.5.0. In prior versions of SQLite,
5233** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
5234**
5235** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
5236** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
5237** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode
5238** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
5239**
5240** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
5241** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
5242**
5243** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
5244** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
5245** cache setting should set it explicitly.
5246**
5247** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
5248** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
5249** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
5250** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
5251**
5252** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
5253** 32-bit integer is atomic.
5254**
5255** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
5256*/
5257int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
5258
5259/*
5260** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
5261**
5262** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
5263** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
5264** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
5265** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
5266** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
5267** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
5268** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
5269** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5270**
5271** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
5272*/
5273int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
5274
5275/*
5276** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
5277** METHOD: sqlite3
5278**
5279** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
5280** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
5281** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
5282** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
5283** omitted.
5284**
5285** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
5286*/
5287int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
5288
5289/*
5290** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
5291**
5292** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
5293** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
5294** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
5295** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
5296** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
5297** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
5298** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
5299** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
5300** is advisory only.
5301**
5302** ^The return value from sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() is the size of
5303** the soft heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
5304** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
5305** then no change is made to the soft heap limit.  Hence, the current
5306** size of the soft heap limit can be determined by invoking
5307** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() with a negative argument.
5308**
5309** ^If the argument N is zero then the soft heap limit is disabled.
5310**
5311** ^(The soft heap limit is not enforced in the current implementation
5312** if one or more of following conditions are true:
5313**
5314** <ul>
5315** <li> The soft heap limit is set to zero.
5316** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
5317**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
5318**      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
5319** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
5320**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
5321** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
5322**      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
5323**      from the heap.
5324** </ul>)^
5325**
5326** Beginning with SQLite version 3.7.3, the soft heap limit is enforced
5327** regardless of whether or not the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]
5328** compile-time option is invoked.  With [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT],
5329** the soft heap limit is enforced on every memory allocation.  Without
5330** [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT], the soft heap limit is only enforced
5331** when memory is allocated by the page cache.  Testing suggests that because
5332** the page cache is the predominate memory user in SQLite, most
5333** applications will achieve adequate soft heap limit enforcement without
5334** the use of [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5335**
5336** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the soft heap limit may
5337** changes in future releases of SQLite.
5338*/
5339sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
5340
5341/*
5342** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
5343** DEPRECATED
5344**
5345** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
5346** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
5347** only.  All new applications should use the
5348** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
5349*/
5350SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
5351
5352
5353/*
5354** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
5355** METHOD: sqlite3
5356**
5357** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
5358** information about column C of table T in database D
5359** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
5360** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
5361** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
5362** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
5363** SQLITE_ERROR and if the specified column does not exist.
5364** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
5365** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existance of the
5366** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
5367** does not.
5368**
5369** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
5370** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
5371** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
5372** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
5373** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
5374** resolve unqualified table references.
5375**
5376** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
5377** name of the desired column, respectively.
5378**
5379** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
5380** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
5381** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
5382**
5383** ^(<blockquote>
5384** <table border="1">
5385** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
5386**
5387** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
5388** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
5389** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
5390** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
5391** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
5392** </table>
5393** </blockquote>)^
5394**
5395** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
5396** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
5397** call to any SQLite API function.
5398**
5399** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
5400**
5401** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
5402** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
5403** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
5404** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
5405** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
5406** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
5407**
5408** <pre>
5409**     data type: "INTEGER"
5410**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
5411**     not null: 0
5412**     primary key: 1
5413**     auto increment: 0
5414** </pre>)^
5415**
5416** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
5417** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
5418** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
5419*/
5420int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
5421  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
5422  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
5423  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
5424  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
5425  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
5426  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
5427  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
5428  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
5429  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
5430);
5431
5432/*
5433** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
5434** METHOD: sqlite3
5435**
5436** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
5437**
5438** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
5439** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
5440** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
5441** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
5442** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
5443** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
5444** be tried also.
5445**
5446** ^The entry point is zProc.
5447** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
5448** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
5449** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
5450** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
5451** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
5452** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
5453** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
5454** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
5455** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
5456** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
5457** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
5458** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
5459** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
5460**
5461** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
5462** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] prior to calling this API,
5463** otherwise an error will be returned.
5464**
5465** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
5466*/
5467int sqlite3_load_extension(
5468  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
5469  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
5470  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
5471  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
5472);
5473
5474/*
5475** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
5476** METHOD: sqlite3
5477**
5478** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
5479** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
5480** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
5481** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
5482**
5483** ^Extension loading is off by default.
5484** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
5485** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
5486** it back off again.
5487*/
5488int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
5489
5490/*
5491** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
5492**
5493** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
5494** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
5495** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
5496** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
5497**
5498** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
5499** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
5500** arguments and expects and integer result as if the signature of the
5501** entry point where as follows:
5502**
5503** <blockquote><pre>
5504** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
5505** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
5506** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
5507** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
5508** &nbsp;  );
5509** </pre></blockquote>)^
5510**
5511** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
5512** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
5513** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
5514** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
5515** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
5516** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
5517** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
5518**
5519** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
5520** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
5521** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
5522**
5523** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
5524** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
5525*/
5526int sqlite3_auto_extension(void (*xEntryPoint)(void));
5527
5528/*
5529** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
5530**
5531** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
5532** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
5533** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
5534** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
5535** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
5536** routines.
5537*/
5538int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void (*xEntryPoint)(void));
5539
5540/*
5541** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
5542**
5543** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
5544** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
5545*/
5546void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
5547
5548/*
5549** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
5550** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
5551** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
5552**
5553** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
5554** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
5555*/
5556
5557/*
5558** Structures used by the virtual table interface
5559*/
5560typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
5561typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
5562typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
5563typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
5564
5565/*
5566** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
5567** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
5568**
5569** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
5570** defines the implementation of a [virtual tables].
5571** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
5572**
5573** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
5574** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
5575** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
5576** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
5577** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
5578** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
5579** any database connection.
5580*/
5581struct sqlite3_module {
5582  int iVersion;
5583  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5584               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5585               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5586  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5587               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5588               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5589  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
5590  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5591  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5592  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
5593  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5594  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
5595                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
5596  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5597  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5598  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
5599  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
5600  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
5601  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5602  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5603  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5604  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5605  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
5606                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5607                       void **ppArg);
5608  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
5609  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
5610  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
5611  int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5612  int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5613  int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5614};
5615
5616/*
5617** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
5618** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
5619**
5620** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
5621** of the [virtual table] interface to
5622** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
5623** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
5624** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
5625** results into the **Outputs** fields.
5626**
5627** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
5628**
5629** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
5630**
5631** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
5632** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
5633** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
5634** ^(The index of the column is stored in
5635** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
5636** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
5637** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
5638**
5639** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
5640** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
5641** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
5642** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
5643** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
5644**
5645** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
5646** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
5647**
5648** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
5649** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
5650** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
5651** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
5652** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
5653** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
5654** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
5655** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
5656** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
5657** non-zero.
5658**
5659** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
5660** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
5661** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
5662** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
5663** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
5664** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.)^
5665**
5666** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
5667** [xFilter] method.
5668** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
5669** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
5670**
5671** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
5672** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
5673** sorting step is required.
5674**
5675** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
5676** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
5677** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
5678** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
5679** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
5680**
5681** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
5682** will be returned by the strategy.
5683**
5684** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
5685** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
5686** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
5687** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
5688**
5689** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
5690** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
5691** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
5692** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
5693** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
5694** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
5695** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
5696** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
5697** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
5698**
5699** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
5700** structure for SQLite version 3.8.2. If a virtual table extension is
5701** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
5702** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
5703** to included crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
5704** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
5705** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
5706** was added for version 3.9.0. It may therefore only be used if
5707** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
5708** 3009000.
5709*/
5710struct sqlite3_index_info {
5711  /* Inputs */
5712  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
5713  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
5714     int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
5715     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
5716     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
5717     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
5718  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
5719  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
5720  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
5721     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
5722     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
5723  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
5724  /* Outputs */
5725  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
5726    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
5727    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
5728  } *aConstraintUsage;
5729  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
5730  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
5731  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
5732  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
5733  double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
5734  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
5735  sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
5736  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
5737  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
5738  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
5739  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
5740};
5741
5742/*
5743** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
5744*/
5745#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
5746
5747/*
5748** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
5749**
5750** These macros defined the allowed values for the
5751** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
5752** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
5753** a query that uses a [virtual table].
5754*/
5755#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ      2
5756#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT      4
5757#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE      8
5758#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT     16
5759#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE     32
5760#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH  64
5761#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE   65
5762#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB   66
5763#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP 67
5764
5765/*
5766** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
5767** METHOD: sqlite3
5768**
5769** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
5770** ^Module names must be registered before
5771** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
5772** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
5773**
5774** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
5775** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
5776** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
5777** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
5778** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
5779** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
5780** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
5781**
5782** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
5783** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
5784** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
5785** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
5786** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
5787** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
5788** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
5789** destructor.
5790*/
5791int sqlite3_create_module(
5792  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
5793  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
5794  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
5795  void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
5796);
5797int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
5798  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
5799  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
5800  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
5801  void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
5802  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
5803);
5804
5805/*
5806** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
5807** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
5808**
5809** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
5810** of this object to describe a particular instance
5811** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
5812** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
5813** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
5814** common to all module implementations.
5815**
5816** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
5817** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
5818** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
5819** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
5820** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
5821** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
5822*/
5823struct sqlite3_vtab {
5824  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
5825  int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
5826  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
5827  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
5828};
5829
5830/*
5831** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
5832** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
5833**
5834** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
5835** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
5836** [virtual table] and are used
5837** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
5838** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
5839** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
5840** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
5841** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
5842** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
5843**
5844** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
5845** are common to all implementations.
5846*/
5847struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
5848  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
5849  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
5850};
5851
5852/*
5853** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
5854**
5855** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
5856** [virtual table module] call this interface
5857** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
5858** the virtual tables they implement.
5859*/
5860int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
5861
5862/*
5863** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
5864** METHOD: sqlite3
5865**
5866** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
5867** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
5868** But global versions of those functions
5869** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
5870**
5871** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
5872** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
5873** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
5874** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
5875** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
5876** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
5877** by a [virtual table].
5878*/
5879int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
5880
5881/*
5882** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
5883** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
5884** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
5885** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
5886**
5887** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
5888** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
5889*/
5890
5891/*
5892** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
5893** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
5894**
5895** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
5896** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
5897** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
5898** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
5899** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
5900** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
5901** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
5902*/
5903typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
5904
5905/*
5906** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
5907** METHOD: sqlite3
5908** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
5909**
5910** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
5911** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
5912** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
5913**
5914** <pre>
5915**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
5916** </pre>)^
5917**
5918** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
5919** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
5920** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
5921** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
5922** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
5923**
5924** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
5925** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
5926** read-only access.
5927**
5928** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
5929** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
5930** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
5931** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
5932** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
5933**
5934** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
5935** <ul>
5936**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
5937**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
5938**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
5939**   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
5940**   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
5941**   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
5942**         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
5943**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
5944**         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
5945**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
5946**         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
5947**         being opened for read/write access)^.
5948** </ul>
5949**
5950** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
5951** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
5952** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
5953**
5954**
5955** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
5956** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
5957** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
5958** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
5959** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
5960** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
5961** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
5962** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
5963** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
5964** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
5965**
5966** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
5967** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
5968** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
5969** blob.
5970**
5971** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
5972** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
5973** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
5974**
5975** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
5976** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
5977*/
5978int sqlite3_blob_open(
5979  sqlite3*,
5980  const char *zDb,
5981  const char *zTable,
5982  const char *zColumn,
5983  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
5984  int flags,
5985  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
5986);
5987
5988/*
5989** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
5990** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
5991**
5992** ^This function is used to move an existing blob handle so that it points
5993** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
5994** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
5995** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
5996** remain the same. Moving an existing blob handle to a new row can be
5997** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
5998**
5999** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
6000** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
6001** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
6002** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
6003** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
6004** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
6005** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
6006** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
6007** always returns zero.
6008**
6009** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
6010*/
6011int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
6012
6013/*
6014** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
6015** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6016**
6017** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
6018** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
6019** handle is still closed.)^
6020**
6021** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
6022** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
6023** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
6024** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
6025** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
6026**
6027** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
6028** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
6029** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
6030** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
6031** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
6032** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
6033*/
6034int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
6035
6036/*
6037** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
6038** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6039**
6040** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
6041** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
6042** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
6043** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
6044**
6045** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6046** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6047** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6048** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6049*/
6050int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
6051
6052/*
6053** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
6054** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6055**
6056** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
6057** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
6058** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6059**
6060** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6061** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
6062** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
6063** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
6064** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
6065**
6066** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6067** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6068**
6069** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
6070** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6071**
6072** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6073** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6074** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6075** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6076**
6077** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6078*/
6079int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
6080
6081/*
6082** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
6083** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6084**
6085** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
6086** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
6087** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6088**
6089** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
6090** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6091** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
6092** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6093** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6094**
6095** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
6096** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
6097** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
6098**
6099** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
6100** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
6101** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6102** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
6103** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
6104** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
6105** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
6106**
6107** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6108** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
6109** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
6110** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
6111** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
6112** or by other independent statements.
6113**
6114** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6115** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6116** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6117** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6118**
6119** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
6120*/
6121int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
6122
6123/*
6124** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
6125**
6126** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
6127** that SQLite uses to interact
6128** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
6129** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
6130** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
6131** The following interfaces are provided.
6132**
6133** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
6134** ^Names are case sensitive.
6135** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
6136** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
6137** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
6138**
6139** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
6140** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
6141** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
6142** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
6143** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
6144** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
6145** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
6146** then the behavior is undefined.
6147**
6148** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
6149** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
6150** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
6151*/
6152sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
6153int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
6154int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
6155
6156/*
6157** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
6158**
6159** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
6160** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
6161** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
6162** permitted to use any of these routines.
6163**
6164** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
6165** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
6166** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
6167** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
6168**
6169** <ul>
6170** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
6171** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
6172** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
6173** </ul>
6174**
6175** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
6176** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
6177** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
6178** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
6179** and Windows.
6180**
6181** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
6182** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
6183** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
6184** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
6185** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
6186** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
6187** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
6188**
6189** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
6190** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6191** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
6192** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
6193** integer constants:
6194**
6195** <ul>
6196** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6197** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6198** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
6199** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
6200** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
6201** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
6202** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
6203** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
6204** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
6205** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
6206** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
6207** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
6208** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
6209** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
6210** </ul>
6211**
6212** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
6213** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
6214** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6215** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
6216** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
6217** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
6218** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
6219** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
6220** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
6221** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
6222**
6223** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
6224** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
6225** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
6226** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
6227** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
6228** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
6229** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
6230** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
6231**
6232** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6233** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6234** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
6235** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
6236** the same type number.
6237**
6238** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
6239** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
6240** mutex results in undefined behavior.
6241**
6242** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
6243** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
6244** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
6245** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
6246** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
6247** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
6248** In such cases, the
6249** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
6250** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
6251** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
6252**
6253** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
6254** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
6255** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
6256** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
6257** behavior.)^
6258**
6259** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
6260** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
6261** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
6262** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
6263**
6264** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
6265** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
6266** behave as no-ops.
6267**
6268** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
6269*/
6270sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
6271void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
6272void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
6273int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
6274void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
6275
6276/*
6277** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
6278**
6279** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
6280** used to allocate and use mutexes.
6281**
6282** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
6283** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
6284** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
6285** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
6286** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
6287** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
6288** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
6289** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
6290** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
6291**
6292** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
6293** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
6294** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
6295** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
6296**
6297** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
6298** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
6299** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
6300** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
6301** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
6302** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
6303**
6304** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
6305** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
6306** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
6307**
6308** <ul>
6309**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
6310**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
6311**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
6312**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
6313**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
6314**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
6315**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
6316** </ul>)^
6317**
6318** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
6319** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
6320** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
6321** by this structure are not required to handle this case, the results
6322** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
6323** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
6324** it is passed a NULL pointer).
6325**
6326** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
6327** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
6328** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
6329** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
6330**
6331** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
6332** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
6333** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
6334** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
6335**
6336** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
6337** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
6338** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
6339** prior to returning.
6340*/
6341typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
6342struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
6343  int (*xMutexInit)(void);
6344  int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
6345  sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
6346  void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6347  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6348  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6349  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6350  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6351  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6352};
6353
6354/*
6355** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
6356**
6357** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
6358** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
6359** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
6360** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
6361** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
6362** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
6363** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
6364** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
6365**
6366** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
6367** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
6368**
6369** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
6370** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
6371** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
6372** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
6373**
6374** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
6375** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
6376** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
6377** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
6378** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
6379** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
6380** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
6381** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
6382*/
6383#ifndef NDEBUG
6384int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
6385int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
6386#endif
6387
6388/*
6389** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
6390**
6391** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
6392** which is one of these integer constants.
6393**
6394** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
6395** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
6396** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
6397*/
6398#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
6399#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
6400#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
6401#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
6402#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
6403#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
6404#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_random() */
6405#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
6406#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
6407#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
6408#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
6409#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
6410#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
6411#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
6412#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
6413#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
6414
6415/*
6416** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
6417** METHOD: sqlite3
6418**
6419** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
6420** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
6421** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
6422** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
6423** routine returns a NULL pointer.
6424*/
6425sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
6426
6427/*
6428** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
6429** METHOD: sqlite3
6430**
6431** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
6432** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
6433** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
6434** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
6435** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
6436** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
6437** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
6438** main database file.
6439** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
6440** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
6441** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
6442** method becomes the return value of this routine.
6443**
6444** ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER value for the op parameter causes
6445** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
6446** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER
6447** case is a short-circuit path which does not actually invoke the
6448** underlying sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
6449**
6450** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
6451** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
6452** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
6453** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
6454** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
6455** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
6456** xFileControl method.
6457**
6458** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
6459*/
6460int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
6461
6462/*
6463** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
6464**
6465** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
6466** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
6467** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
6468** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
6469**
6470** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
6471** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
6472** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
6473**
6474** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
6475** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
6476** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
6477** operate consistently from one release to the next.
6478*/
6479int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
6480
6481/*
6482** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
6483**
6484** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
6485** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
6486**
6487** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
6488** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
6489** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
6490** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
6491*/
6492#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
6493#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
6494#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
6495#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
6496#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
6497#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
6498#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
6499#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
6500#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
6501#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
6502#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14
6503#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
6504#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16
6505#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17
6506#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
6507#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
6508#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
6509#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
6510#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
6511#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
6512#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
6513#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
6514#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    25
6515
6516/*
6517** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
6518**
6519** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
6520** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
6521** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
6522** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
6523** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
6524** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
6525** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
6526** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
6527** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
6528** value.  For those parameters
6529** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
6530** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
6531** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
6532**
6533** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
6534** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
6535**
6536** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
6537** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
6538** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
6539**
6540** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
6541*/
6542int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
6543int sqlite3_status64(
6544  int op,
6545  sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
6546  sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
6547  int resetFlag
6548);
6549
6550
6551/*
6552** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
6553** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
6554**
6555** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
6556** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
6557**
6558** <dl>
6559** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
6560** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
6561** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
6562** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
6563** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Scratch memory
6564** controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and auxiliary page-cache
6565** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
6566** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
6567** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
6568**
6569** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
6570** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6571** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
6572** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
6573** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6574** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6575**
6576** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
6577** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
6578** currently checked out.</dd>)^
6579**
6580** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
6581** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
6582** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
6583** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
6584** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
6585**
6586** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
6587** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
6588** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
6589** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
6590** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
6591** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
6592** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
6593** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
6594** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
6595**
6596** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
6597** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6598** handed to [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6599** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6600** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6601**
6602** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
6603** <dd>This parameter returns the number of allocations used out of the
6604** [scratch memory allocator] configured using
6605** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH].  The value returned is in allocations, not
6606** in bytes.  Since a single thread may only have one scratch allocation
6607** outstanding at time, this parameter also reports the number of threads
6608** using scratch memory at the same time.</dd>)^
6609**
6610** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
6611** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of scratch memory
6612** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]
6613** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The values
6614** returned include overflows because the requested allocation was too
6615** larger (that is, because the requested allocation was larger than the
6616** "sz" parameter to [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]) and because no scratch buffer
6617** slots were available.
6618** </dd>)^
6619**
6620** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
6621** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6622** handed to [scratch memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6623** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6624** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6625**
6626** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
6627** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
6628** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
6629** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
6630** </dl>
6631**
6632** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
6633*/
6634#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
6635#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
6636#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
6637#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3
6638#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4
6639#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
6640#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
6641#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
6642#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8
6643#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
6644
6645/*
6646** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
6647** METHOD: sqlite3
6648**
6649** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
6650** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
6651** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
6652** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
6653** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
6654** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
6655** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
6656** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
6657**
6658** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
6659** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
6660** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
6661** reset back down to the current value.
6662**
6663** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
6664** non-zero [error code] on failure.
6665**
6666** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
6667*/
6668int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
6669
6670/*
6671** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
6672** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
6673**
6674** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
6675** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
6676**
6677** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
6678** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
6679** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
6680** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
6681** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
6682**
6683** <dl>
6684** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
6685** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
6686** checked out.</dd>)^
6687**
6688** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
6689** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that were
6690** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6691** the current value is always zero.)^
6692**
6693** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
6694** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
6695** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
6696** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
6697** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
6698** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6699** the current value is always zero.)^
6700**
6701** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
6702** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
6703** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
6704** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
6705** memory already being in use.
6706** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6707** the current value is always zero.)^
6708**
6709** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
6710** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6711** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
6712** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
6713**
6714** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
6715** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6716** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
6717** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
6718** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
6719** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
6720** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
6721** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
6722**
6723** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
6724** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6725** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
6726** the database connection.)^
6727** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
6728** </dd>
6729**
6730** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
6731** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
6732** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
6733** is always 0.
6734** </dd>
6735**
6736** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
6737** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
6738** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
6739** is always 0.
6740** </dd>
6741**
6742** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
6743** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
6744** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
6745** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
6746** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
6747** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
6748** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
6749** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
6750** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
6751** </dd>
6752**
6753** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
6754** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
6755** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
6756** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
6757** </dd>
6758** </dl>
6759*/
6760#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
6761#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
6762#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
6763#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
6764#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
6765#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
6766#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
6767#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
6768#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
6769#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
6770#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
6771#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 10   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
6772
6773
6774/*
6775** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
6776** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
6777**
6778** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
6779** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
6780** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
6781** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
6782** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
6783** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
6784** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
6785** an index.
6786**
6787** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
6788** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
6789** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
6790** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
6791** to be interrogated.)^
6792** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
6793** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
6794** interface call returns.
6795**
6796** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
6797*/
6798int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
6799
6800/*
6801** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
6802** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
6803**
6804** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
6805** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
6806** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
6807**
6808** <dl>
6809** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
6810** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
6811** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
6812** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
6813** careful use of indices.</dd>
6814**
6815** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
6816** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
6817** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
6818** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
6819**
6820** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
6821** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
6822** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
6823** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
6824** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
6825** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
6826**
6827** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
6828** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
6829** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
6830** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
6831** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
6832** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
6833** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
6834** </dd>
6835** </dl>
6836*/
6837#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
6838#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
6839#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
6840#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
6841
6842/*
6843** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
6844**
6845** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
6846** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
6847** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
6848** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
6849** to the object.
6850**
6851** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
6852*/
6853typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
6854
6855/*
6856** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
6857**
6858** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
6859** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
6860** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
6861** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
6862**
6863** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
6864*/
6865typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
6866struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
6867  void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
6868  void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
6869};
6870
6871/*
6872** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
6873** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
6874**
6875** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
6876** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
6877** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
6878** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
6879** SQLite is used for the page cache.
6880** By implementing a
6881** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
6882** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
6883** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
6884** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
6885** how long.
6886**
6887** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
6888** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
6889** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
6890**
6891** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
6892** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
6893** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
6894** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
6895**
6896** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
6897** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
6898** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
6899** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
6900** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
6901** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
6902** required by the custom page cache implementation.
6903** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
6904** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
6905** page cache.)^
6906**
6907** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
6908** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
6909** It can be used to clean up
6910** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
6911** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
6912**
6913** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
6914** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
6915** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
6916** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
6917** in multithreaded applications.
6918**
6919** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
6920** call to xShutdown().
6921**
6922** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
6923** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
6924** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
6925** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
6926** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
6927** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
6928** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
6929** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
6930** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
6931** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
6932** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
6933** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
6934** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
6935** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
6936** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
6937** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
6938** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
6939** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
6940** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
6941** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
6942** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
6943** never contain any unpinned pages.
6944**
6945** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
6946** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
6947** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
6948** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
6949** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
6950** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
6951** value; it is advisory only.
6952**
6953** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
6954** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
6955** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
6956**
6957** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
6958** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
6959** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
6960** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
6961** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
6962** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
6963** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
6964** for each entry in the page cache.
6965**
6966** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
6967** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
6968** to be "pinned".
6969**
6970** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
6971** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
6972** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
6973** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
6974** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
6975**
6976** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
6977** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
6978** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
6979** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
6980**                 Otherwise return NULL.
6981** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
6982**                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
6983** </table>
6984**
6985** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
6986** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
6987** failed.)^  In between the to xFetch() calls, SQLite may
6988** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
6989** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
6990**
6991** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
6992** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
6993** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
6994** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
6995** ^If the discard parameter is
6996** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
6997** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
6998** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
6999**
7000** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
7001** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
7002** to xFetch().
7003**
7004** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
7005** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
7006** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
7007** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
7008** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
7009** to be pinned.
7010**
7011** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
7012** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
7013** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
7014** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
7015** they can be safely discarded.
7016**
7017** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
7018** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
7019** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
7020** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
7021** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
7022** functions.
7023**
7024** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
7025** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
7026** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
7027** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
7028** do their best.
7029*/
7030typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
7031struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
7032  int iVersion;
7033  void *pArg;
7034  int (*xInit)(void*);
7035  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
7036  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
7037  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7038  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7039  sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
7040  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
7041  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
7042      unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7043  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7044  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7045  void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7046};
7047
7048/*
7049** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
7050** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
7051** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
7052*/
7053typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
7054struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
7055  void *pArg;
7056  int (*xInit)(void*);
7057  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
7058  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
7059  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7060  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7061  void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
7062  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
7063  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7064  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7065  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7066};
7067
7068
7069/*
7070** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
7071**
7072** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
7073** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
7074** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
7075** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
7076**
7077** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7078*/
7079typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
7080
7081/*
7082** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
7083**
7084** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
7085** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
7086** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
7087**
7088** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7089**
7090** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
7091** for the duration of the backup operation.
7092** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
7093** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
7094** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
7095** preventing other database connections from
7096** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
7097**
7098** ^(To perform a backup operation:
7099**   <ol>
7100**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
7101**         backup,
7102**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
7103**         the data between the two databases, and finally
7104**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
7105**         associated with the backup operation.
7106**   </ol>)^
7107** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
7108** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
7109**
7110** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
7111**
7112** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
7113** [database connection] associated with the destination database
7114** and the database name, respectively.
7115** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
7116** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
7117** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
7118** ^The S and M arguments passed to
7119** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
7120** and database name of the source database, respectively.
7121** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
7122** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
7123** an error.
7124**
7125** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning SQLITE_ERROR, if
7126** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
7127** destination database.
7128**
7129** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
7130** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
7131** destination [database connection] D.
7132** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
7133** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
7134** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
7135** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
7136** [sqlite3_backup] object.
7137** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
7138** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
7139** operation.
7140**
7141** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
7142**
7143** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
7144** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
7145** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
7146** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
7147** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
7148** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
7149** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
7150** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
7151** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
7152** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
7153** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
7154** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
7155**
7156** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
7157** <ol>
7158** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
7159** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
7160** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
7161** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
7162** destination and source page sizes differ.
7163** </ol>)^
7164**
7165** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
7166** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
7167** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
7168** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
7169** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
7170** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
7171** [database connection]
7172** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
7173** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
7174** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
7175** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
7176** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
7177** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
7178** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
7179** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
7180** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
7181**
7182** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
7183** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
7184** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
7185** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
7186** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
7187** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
7188** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
7189** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
7190** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
7191** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
7192** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
7193** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
7194** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
7195** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
7196** updated at the same time.
7197**
7198** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
7199**
7200** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
7201** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
7202** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7203** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
7204** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
7205** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
7206** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
7207** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
7208** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7209**
7210** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
7211** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
7212** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
7213** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
7214** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
7215** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
7216**
7217** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
7218** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
7219** sqlite3_backup_finish().
7220**
7221** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
7222** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
7223**
7224** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
7225** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
7226** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
7227** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
7228** sqlite3_backup_step().
7229** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
7230** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
7231** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
7232** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7233** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
7234** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
7235**
7236** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
7237**
7238** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
7239** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
7240** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
7241** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
7242** from within other threads.
7243**
7244** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
7245** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
7246** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
7247** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
7248** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
7249** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
7250** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
7251** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
7252**
7253** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
7254** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
7255** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
7256** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
7257** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
7258** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
7259**
7260** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
7261** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
7262** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7263** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
7264** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
7265** possible that they return invalid values.
7266*/
7267sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
7268  sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
7269  const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
7270  sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
7271  const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
7272);
7273int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
7274int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
7275int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
7276int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
7277
7278/*
7279** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
7280** METHOD: sqlite3
7281**
7282** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
7283** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
7284** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
7285** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
7286** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
7287** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
7288** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
7289** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
7290**
7291** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
7292**
7293** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
7294** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
7295**
7296** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
7297** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
7298** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
7299** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
7300** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
7301** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
7302** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
7303** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
7304** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
7305** call that concludes the blocking connections transaction.
7306**
7307** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
7308** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
7309** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
7310** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
7311** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
7312**
7313** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
7314** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
7315** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
7316** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
7317**
7318** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
7319** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
7320** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
7321** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
7322** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
7323** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
7324** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
7325** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
7326**
7327** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
7328** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
7329** crash or deadlock may be the result.
7330**
7331** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
7332** returns SQLITE_OK.
7333**
7334** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
7335**
7336** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
7337** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
7338** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
7339** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
7340** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
7341** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
7342**
7343** When a blocking connections transaction is concluded, there may be
7344** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
7345** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
7346** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
7347** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
7348** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
7349** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
7350** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
7351**
7352** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
7353**
7354** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
7355** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
7356** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
7357** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
7358** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
7359** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
7360** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
7361**
7362** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
7363** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
7364** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
7365** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
7366** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
7367** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
7368** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
7369** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
7370** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
7371** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
7372** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
7373** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
7374**
7375** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
7376**
7377** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
7378** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
7379** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
7380** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
7381** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
7382** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
7383** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
7384** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
7385** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
7386**
7387** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
7388** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
7389** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
7390** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
7391** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
7392*/
7393int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
7394  sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
7395  void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
7396  void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
7397);
7398
7399
7400/*
7401** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
7402**
7403** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
7404** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
7405** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
7406** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
7407*/
7408int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
7409int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
7410
7411/*
7412** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
7413*
7414** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
7415** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
7416** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
7417** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
7418** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
7419** is case sensitive.
7420**
7421** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7422** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7423**
7424** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
7425*/
7426int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
7427
7428/*
7429** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
7430*
7431** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
7432** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
7433** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
7434** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
7435** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
7436** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
7437** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
7438** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
7439** one another.
7440**
7441** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
7442** only ASCII characters are case folded.
7443**
7444** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7445** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7446**
7447** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
7448*/
7449int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
7450
7451/*
7452** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
7453**
7454** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
7455** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
7456** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
7457** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
7458**
7459** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
7460** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
7461** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
7462** is considered bad form.
7463**
7464** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
7465**
7466** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
7467** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
7468** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
7469** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
7470** buffer.
7471*/
7472void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
7473
7474/*
7475** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
7476** METHOD: sqlite3
7477**
7478** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
7479** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
7480**
7481** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
7482** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
7483** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
7484**
7485** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
7486** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
7487** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
7488** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
7489** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
7490** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
7491** including those that were just committed.
7492**
7493** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
7494** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
7495** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
7496** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
7497** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
7498** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
7499** are undefined.
7500**
7501** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
7502** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
7503** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
7504** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
7505** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
7506** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
7507*/
7508void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
7509  sqlite3*,
7510  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
7511  void*
7512);
7513
7514/*
7515** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
7516** METHOD: sqlite3
7517**
7518** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
7519** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
7520** to automatically [checkpoint]
7521** after committing a transaction if there are N or
7522** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
7523** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
7524** checkpoints entirely.
7525**
7526** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
7527** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
7528** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
7529** configured by this function.
7530**
7531** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
7532** from SQL.
7533**
7534** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
7535** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
7536**
7537** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
7538** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
7539** pages.  The use of this interface
7540** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
7541** for a particular application.
7542*/
7543int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
7544
7545/*
7546** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7547** METHOD: sqlite3
7548**
7549** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
7550** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
7551**
7552** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
7553** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
7554** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
7555** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
7556** information.
7557**
7558** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
7559** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
7560** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
7561** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
7562** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
7563** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
7564*/
7565int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
7566
7567/*
7568** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7569** METHOD: sqlite3
7570**
7571** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
7572** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
7573** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
7574** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
7575**
7576** <dl>
7577** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
7578**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
7579**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
7580**   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
7581**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
7582**   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
7583**   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
7584**
7585** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
7586**   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
7587**   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
7588**   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
7589**   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
7590**   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
7591**   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
7592**
7593** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
7594**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
7595**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
7596**   [busy-handler callback])
7597**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
7598**   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
7599**   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
7600**   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
7601**
7602** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
7603**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
7604**   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
7605**   to a successful return.
7606** </dl>
7607**
7608** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
7609** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
7610** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
7611** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
7612** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
7613** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
7614** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
7615** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
7616** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
7617**
7618** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
7619** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
7620** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
7621** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
7622**
7623** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
7624** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
7625** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
7626** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
7627** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
7628** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
7629** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
7630** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
7631** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
7632** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
7633**
7634** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
7635** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
7636** [database connection] db.  In this case the
7637** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
7638** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
7639** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
7640** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
7641** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
7642** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
7643** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
7644** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
7645**
7646** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
7647** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
7648** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
7649** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
7650**
7651** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
7652** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
7653** sets the error information that is queried by
7654** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
7655**
7656** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
7657** from SQL.
7658*/
7659int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
7660  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
7661  const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
7662  int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
7663  int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
7664  int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
7665);
7666
7667/*
7668** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
7669** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
7670**
7671** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
7672** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
7673** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
7674** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
7675*/
7676#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
7677#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
7678#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
7679#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
7680
7681/*
7682** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
7683**
7684** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
7685** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
7686** various facets of the virtual table interface.
7687**
7688** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
7689** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
7690**
7691** At present, there is only one option that may be configured using
7692** this function. (See [SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT].)  Further options
7693** may be added in the future.
7694*/
7695int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
7696
7697/*
7698** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
7699**
7700** These macros define the various options to the
7701** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
7702** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
7703**
7704** <dl>
7705** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
7706** <dd>Calls of the form
7707** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
7708** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
7709** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
7710** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
7711** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
7712** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
7713** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
7714** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
7715**
7716** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
7717** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
7718** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
7719** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
7720** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
7721** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
7722** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
7723** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
7724** had been ABORT.
7725**
7726** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
7727** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
7728** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
7729** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
7730** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
7731** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
7732** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
7733** constraint handling.
7734** </dl>
7735*/
7736#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
7737
7738/*
7739** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
7740**
7741** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
7742** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
7743** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
7744** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
7745** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
7746** [virtual table].
7747*/
7748int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
7749
7750/*
7751** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
7752** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
7753**
7754** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
7755** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
7756** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
7757**
7758** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
7759** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
7760** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
7761*/
7762#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
7763/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
7764#define SQLITE_FAIL     3
7765/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
7766#define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
7767
7768/*
7769** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
7770** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
7771**
7772** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
7773** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
7774** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
7775**
7776** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
7777** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
7778** S is finalized.
7779**
7780** <dl>
7781** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
7782** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be
7783** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
7784**
7785** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
7786** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
7787** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
7788**
7789** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
7790** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
7791** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
7792** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
7793** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
7794** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
7795** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
7796**
7797** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
7798** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
7799** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
7800** used for the X-th loop.
7801**
7802** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
7803** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
7804** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
7805** description for the X-th loop.
7806**
7807** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
7808** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
7809** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
7810** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
7811** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
7812** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
7813** </dl>
7814*/
7815#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
7816#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
7817#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
7818#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
7819#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
7820#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
7821
7822/*
7823** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
7824** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
7825**
7826** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
7827** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
7828** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
7829** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
7830**
7831** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
7832** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
7833** compile-time option.
7834**
7835** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
7836** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
7837** of this interface is undefined.
7838** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
7839** the "pOut" parameter.
7840** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
7841** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
7842** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
7843** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
7844** points to is unchanged.
7845**
7846** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
7847** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
7848** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
7849** that pOut points to unchanged.
7850**
7851** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
7852*/
7853int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
7854  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
7855  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
7856  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
7857  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
7858);
7859
7860/*
7861** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
7862** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
7863**
7864** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
7865**
7866** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
7867** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
7868*/
7869void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
7870
7871/*
7872** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
7873**
7874** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
7875** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
7876** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
7877** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
7878** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
7879** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
7880** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
7881** any [attached] databases.
7882**
7883** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
7884** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
7885** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
7886** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
7887** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
7888** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
7889** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
7890** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
7891**
7892** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
7893** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
7894** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
7895**
7896** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
7897**
7898** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
7899** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
7900*/
7901int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
7902
7903/*
7904** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
7905** KEYWORDS: {snapshot}
7906** EXPERIMENTAL
7907**
7908** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
7909** database for some specific point in history.
7910**
7911** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
7912** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
7913** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
7914** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
7915** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
7916** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
7917** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
7918**
7919** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
7920** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
7921** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
7922** the most recent version.
7923**
7924** The constructor for this object is [sqlite3_snapshot_get()].  The
7925** [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] method causes a fresh read transaction to refer
7926** to an historical snapshot (if possible).  The destructor for
7927** sqlite3_snapshot objects is [sqlite3_snapshot_free()].
7928*/
7929typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot sqlite3_snapshot;
7930
7931/*
7932** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
7933** EXPERIMENTAL
7934**
7935** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
7936** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
7937** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
7938** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
7939** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
7940** ^If schema S of [database connection] D is not a [WAL mode] database
7941** that is in a read transaction, then [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)]
7942** leaves the *P value unchanged and returns an appropriate [error code].
7943**
7944** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
7945** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
7946** to avoid a memory leak.
7947**
7948** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
7949** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
7950*/
7951SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
7952  sqlite3 *db,
7953  const char *zSchema,
7954  sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
7955);
7956
7957/*
7958** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
7959** EXPERIMENTAL
7960**
7961** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface attempts to move the
7962** read transaction that is currently open on schema S of
7963** [database connection] D so that it refers to historical [snapshot] P.
7964** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK on success
7965** or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
7966**
7967** ^In order to succeed, a call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] must be
7968** the first operation, apart from other sqlite3_snapshot_open() calls,
7969** following the [BEGIN] that starts a new read transaction.
7970** ^A [snapshot] will fail to open if it has been overwritten by a
7971** [checkpoint].
7972**
7973** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
7974** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
7975*/
7976SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
7977  sqlite3 *db,
7978  const char *zSchema,
7979  sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
7980);
7981
7982/*
7983** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
7984** EXPERIMENTAL
7985**
7986** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
7987** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
7988** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
7989**
7990** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
7991** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
7992*/
7993SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
7994
7995/*
7996** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
7997** builds on processors without floating point support.
7998*/
7999#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
8000# undef double
8001#endif
8002
8003#ifdef __cplusplus
8004}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
8005#endif
8006#endif /* _SQLITE3_H_ */
8007