xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqlite.h.in (revision 3832ac9f)
1/*
2** 2001-09-15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32*/
33#ifndef SQLITE3_H
34#define SQLITE3_H
35#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36
37/*
38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39*/
40#ifdef __cplusplus
41extern "C" {
42#endif
43
44
45/*
46** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47*/
48#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50#endif
51#ifndef SQLITE_API
52# define SQLITE_API
53#endif
54#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55# define SQLITE_CDECL
56#endif
57#ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58# define SQLITE_APICALL
59#endif
60#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61# define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62#endif
63#ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64# define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65#endif
66#ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67# define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68#endif
69
70/*
71** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
72** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
73** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
74** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
75** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
76**
77** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
78** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
79** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
80** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
81** noop macros.
82*/
83#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
84#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
85
86/*
87** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
88*/
89#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
90# undef SQLITE_VERSION
91#endif
92#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
93# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94#endif
95
96/*
97** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
98**
99** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
100** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
101** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
102** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
103** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
104** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
105** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
106** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
107** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
108** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
109** and Z will be reset to zero.
110**
111** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
112** SQLite source code has been stored in the
113** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
118** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.  If the source code has
119** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
120** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
121**
122** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
123** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
124** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
125*/
126#define SQLITE_VERSION        "--VERS--"
127#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER--
128#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "--SOURCE-ID--"
129
130/*
131** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
132** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
133**
134** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
135** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
136** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
137** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
138** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
139** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
140** compiled with matching library and header files.
141**
142** <blockquote><pre>
143** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
144** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 );
145** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
146** </pre></blockquote>)^
147**
148** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
149** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
150** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
151** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
152** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
153** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
154** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
155** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
156** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.  Except if SQLite is built
157** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters
158** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^
159**
160** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
161*/
162SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
163const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
164const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
165int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
166
167/*
168** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
169**
170** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
171** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
172** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
173** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
174**
175** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
176** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
177** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
178** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
179** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
180** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
181**
182** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
183** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
184** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
185**
186** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
187** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
188*/
189#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
190int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
191const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
192#else
193# define sqlite3_compileoption_used(X) 0
194# define sqlite3_compileoption_get(X)  ((void*)0)
195#endif
196
197/*
198** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
199**
200** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
201** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
202** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
203**
204** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
205** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
206** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
207** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
208** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
209** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
210**
211** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
212** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
213** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
214** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
215**
216** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
217** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
218** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
219**
220** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
221** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
222** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
223** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
224** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
225** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
226** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
227** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
228** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
229** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
230**
231** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
232*/
233int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
234
235/*
236** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
237** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
238**
239** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
240** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
241** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
242** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
243** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
244** interfaces (such as
245** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
246** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
247** sqlite3 object.
248*/
249typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
250
251/*
252** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
253** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
254**
255** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
256** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
257**
258** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
259** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
260** compatibility only.
261**
262** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
263** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
264** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
265** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
266*/
267#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
268  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
269# ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
270    typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
271# else
272    typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
273# endif
274#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
275  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
276  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
277#else
278  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
279  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
280#endif
281typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
282typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
283
284/*
285** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
286** substitute integer for floating-point.
287*/
288#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
289# define double sqlite3_int64
290#endif
291
292/*
293** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
294** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
295**
296** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
297** for the [sqlite3] object.
298** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
299** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
300** resources are deallocated.
301**
302** Ideally, applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all
303** [prepared statements], [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
304** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
305** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
306** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
307** statements, BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then
308** sqlite3_close() will leave the database connection open and return
309** [SQLITE_BUSY]. ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared
310** statements, unclosed BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups,
311** it returns [SQLITE_OK] regardless, but instead of deallocating the database
312** connection immediately, it marks the database connection as an unusable
313** "zombie" and makes arrangements to automatically deallocate the database
314** connection after all prepared statements are finalized, all BLOB handles
315** are closed, and all backups have finished. The sqlite3_close_v2() interface
316** is intended for use with host languages that are garbage collected, and
317** where the order in which destructors are called is arbitrary.
318**
319** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
320** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
321**
322** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
323** must be either a NULL
324** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
325** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
326** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
327** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
328** argument is a harmless no-op.
329*/
330int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
331int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
332
333/*
334** The type for a callback function.
335** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
336** compatibility and is not documented.
337*/
338typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
339
340/*
341** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
342** METHOD: sqlite3
343**
344** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
345** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
346** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
347** without having to use a lot of C code.
348**
349** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
350** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
351** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
352** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
353** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
354** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
355** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
356** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
357** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
358** ignored.
359**
360** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
361** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
362** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
363** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
364** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
365** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
366** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
367** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
368** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
369** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
370** NULL before returning.
371**
372** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
373** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
374** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
375**
376** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
377** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
378** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
379** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
380** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
381** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
382** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
383** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
384** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
385**
386** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
387** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
388** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
389** is not changed.
390**
391** Restrictions:
392**
393** <ul>
394** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
395**      is a valid and open [database connection].
396** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
397**      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
398** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
399**      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
400** </ul>
401*/
402int sqlite3_exec(
403  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
404  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
405  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
406  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
407  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
408);
409
410/*
411** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
412** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
413**
414** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
415** here in order to indicate success or failure.
416**
417** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
418**
419** See also: [extended result code definitions]
420*/
421#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
422/* beginning-of-error-codes */
423#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* Generic error */
424#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
425#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
426#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
427#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
428#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
429#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
430#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
431#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
432#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
433#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
434#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
435#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
436#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
437#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
438#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Internal use only */
439#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
440#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
441#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
442#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
443#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
444#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
445#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
446#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Not used */
447#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
448#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
449#define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
450#define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
451#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
452#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
453/* end-of-error-codes */
454
455/*
456** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
457** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
458**
459** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
460** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
461** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
462** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
463** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
464** and later) include
465** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
466** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
467** on a per database connection basis using the
468** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
469** the most recent error can be obtained using
470** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
471*/
472#define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8))
473#define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY             (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8))
474#define SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT          (SQLITE_ERROR | (3<<8))
475#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
476#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
477#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
478#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
479#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
480#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
481#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
482#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
483#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
484#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
485#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
486#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
487#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
488#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
489#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
490#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
491#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
492#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
493#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
494#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
495#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
496#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
497#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
498#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
499#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
500#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
501#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
502#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
503#define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
504#define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
505#define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
506#define SQLITE_IOERR_DATA              (SQLITE_IOERR | (32<<8))
507#define SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS         (SQLITE_IOERR | (33<<8))
508#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
509#define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
510#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
511#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
512#define SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT            (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (3<<8))
513#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
514#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
515#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
516#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
517#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (5<<8)) /* Not Used */
518#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK        (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (6<<8))
519#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_EXISTS         (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (7<<8))
520#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
521#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
522#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX           (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (3<<8))
523#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
524#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
525#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
526#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
527#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
528#define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
529#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
530#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
531#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
532#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
533#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
534#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
535#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
536#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
537#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
538#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
539#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
540#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(11<<8))
541#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
542#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
543#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
544#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
545#define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
546#define SQLITE_OK_SYMLINK              (SQLITE_OK | (2<<8))
547
548/*
549** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
550**
551** These bit values are intended for use in the
552** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
553** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
554*/
555#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
556#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
557#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
558#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
559#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
560#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
561#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
562#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
563#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
564#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
565#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
566#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
567#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
568#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
569#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL    0x00004000  /* VFS only */
570#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
571#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
572#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
573#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
574#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
575#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW         0x01000000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
576
577/* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
578/* Legacy compatibility: */
579#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
580
581
582/*
583** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
584**
585** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
586** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
587** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
588** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
589** refers to.
590**
591** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
592** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
593** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
594** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
595** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
596** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
597** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
598** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
599** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
600** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
601** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
602** file that were written at the application level might have changed
603** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
604** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
605** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
606** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
607** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
608** elevated privileges.
609**
610** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying
611** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those
612** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and
613** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].
614*/
615#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
616#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
617#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
618#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
619#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
620#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
621#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
622#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
623#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
624#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
625#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
626#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
627#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
628#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
629#define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC           0x00004000
630
631/*
632** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
633**
634** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
635** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
636** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
637*/
638#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
639#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
640#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
641#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
642#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
643
644/*
645** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
646**
647** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
648** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
649** these integer values as the second argument.
650**
651** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
652** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
653** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
654** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
655** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
656** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
657**
658** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
659** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
660** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
661** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
662** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
663** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
664** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
665** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
666** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
667** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
668** cares about the difference.)
669*/
670#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
671#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
672#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
673
674/*
675** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
676**
677** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
678** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
679** implementations will
680** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
681** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
682** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
683** I/O operations on the open file.
684*/
685typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
686struct sqlite3_file {
687  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
688};
689
690/*
691** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
692**
693** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
694** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
695** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
696** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
697** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
698**
699** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
700** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
701** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
702** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
703** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
704** to NULL.
705**
706** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
707** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
708** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
709** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
710** and not its inode needs to be synced.
711**
712** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
713** <ul>
714** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
715** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
716** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
717** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
718** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
719** </ul>
720** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
721** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
722** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
723** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
724** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
725**
726** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
727** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
728** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
729** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
730** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
731** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
732** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
733** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
734** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
735** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
736** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
737** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
738** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
739** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
740** recognize.
741**
742** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
743** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
744** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
745** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
746** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
747** underlying device:
748**
749** <ul>
750** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
751** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
752** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
753** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
754** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
755** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
756** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
757** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
758** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
759** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
760** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
761** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
762** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
763** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
764** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC]
765** </ul>
766**
767** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
768** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
769** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
770** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
771** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
772** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
773** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
774** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
775** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
776** to xWrite().
777**
778** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
779** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
780** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
781** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
782** database corruption.
783*/
784typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
785struct sqlite3_io_methods {
786  int iVersion;
787  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
788  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
789  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
790  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
791  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
792  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
793  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
794  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
795  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
796  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
797  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
798  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
799  /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
800  int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
801  int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
802  void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
803  int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
804  /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
805  int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
806  int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
807  /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
808  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
809};
810
811/*
812** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
813** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
814**
815** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
816** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
817** interface.
818**
819** <ul>
820** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
821** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
822** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
823** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
824** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
825** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
826** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
827** compile-time option is used.
828**
829** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
830** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
831** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
832** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
833** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
834** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
835** file run faster.
836**
837** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT]]
838** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] opcode is used by in-memory VFS that
839** implements [sqlite3_deserialize()] to set an upper bound on the size
840** of the in-memory database.  The argument is a pointer to a [sqlite3_int64].
841** If the integer pointed to is negative, then it is filled in with the
842** current limit.  Otherwise the limit is set to the larger of the value
843** of the integer pointed to and the current database size.  The integer
844** pointed to is set to the new limit.
845**
846** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
847** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
848** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
849** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
850** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
851** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
852** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
853** improve performance on some systems.
854**
855** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
856** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
857** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
858** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
859**
860** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
861** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
862** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
863** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
864** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
865**
866** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
867** No longer in use.
868**
869** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
870** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
871** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
872** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
873** because the user has configured SQLite with
874** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
875** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
876** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
877** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
878** string containing the transactions super-journal file name. VFSes that
879** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
880** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
881** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
882**
883** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
884** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
885** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
886** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
887** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
888** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
889** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
890**
891** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
892** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
893** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
894** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
895** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
896** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
897** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
898** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
899** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
900** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
901** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
902** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second
903** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
904** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
905** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
906** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
907**
908** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
909** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
910** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
911** write ahead log ([WAL file]) and shared memory
912** files used for transaction control
913** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
914** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
915** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
916** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
917** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
918** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
919** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
920** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
921** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
922** WAL persistence setting.
923**
924** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
925** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
926** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
927** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
928** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
929** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
930** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
931** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
932** zero-damage mode setting.
933**
934** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
935** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
936** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
937** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
938** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
939**
940** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
941** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
942** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
943** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
944** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
945** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
946** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
947** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
948** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
949** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
950** is intended for diagnostic use only.
951**
952** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
953** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
954** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
955** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
956** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
957** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
958** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
959** upper-most shim only.
960**
961** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
962** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
963** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
964** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
965** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
966** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
967** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
968** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
969** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
970** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
971** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
972** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
973** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
974** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
975** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
976** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
977** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
978** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
979** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
980** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
981** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
982** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
983** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
984** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
985**
986** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
987** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
988** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
989** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
990** to the connection's busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void**)
991** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
992** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connection's
993** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
994** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
995** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
996** current operation.
997**
998** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
999** ^Applications can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
1000** to have SQLite generate a
1001** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
1002** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
1003** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
1004** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
1005** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
1006**
1007** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
1008** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
1009** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
1010** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
1011** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
1012** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
1013** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
1014** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
1015** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
1016**
1017** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
1018** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
1019** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
1020** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
1021** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
1022** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
1023** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
1024**
1025** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
1026** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
1027** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
1028** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
1029** was first opened.
1030**
1031** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
1032** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
1033** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
1034** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
1035** writes the resulting value there.
1036**
1037** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
1038** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
1039** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
1040** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
1041** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
1042**
1043** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1044** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1045** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1046** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1047** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1048** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1049**
1050** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1051** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1052** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1053**
1054** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1055** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1056** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1057** this opcode.
1058**
1059** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1060** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then
1061** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which
1062** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done
1063** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].  Systems
1064** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
1065** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to
1066** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or
1067** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make
1068** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor
1069** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method
1070** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT].
1071**
1072** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1073** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1074** operations since the previous successful call to
1075** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically.
1076** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were
1077** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage.
1078** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes
1079** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent
1080** write operations are independent.
1081** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1082** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1083**
1084** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1085** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1086** operations since the previous successful call to
1087** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back.
1088** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode
1089** so that all subsequent write operations are independent.
1090** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1091** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1092**
1093** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT]]
1094** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT] opcode is used to configure a VFS
1095** to block for up to M milliseconds before failing when attempting to
1096** obtain a file lock using the xLock or xShmLock methods of the VFS.
1097** The parameter is a pointer to a 32-bit signed integer that contains
1098** the value that M is to be set to. Before returning, the 32-bit signed
1099** integer is overwritten with the previous value of M.
1100**
1101** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION]]
1102** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] opcode is used to detect changes to
1103** a database file.  The argument is a pointer to a 32-bit unsigned integer.
1104** The "data version" for the pager is written into the pointer.  The
1105** "data version" changes whenever any change occurs to the corresponding
1106** database file, either through SQL statements on the same database
1107** connection or through transactions committed by separate database
1108** connections possibly in other processes. The [sqlite3_total_changes()]
1109** interface can be used to find if any database on the connection has changed,
1110** but that interface responds to changes on TEMP as well as MAIN and does
1111** not provide a mechanism to detect changes to MAIN only.  Also, the
1112** [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface responds to internal changes only and
1113** omits changes made by other database connections.  The
1114** [PRAGMA data_version] command provides a mechanism to detect changes to
1115** a single attached database that occur due to other database connections,
1116** but omits changes implemented by the database connection on which it is
1117** called.  This file control is the only mechanism to detect changes that
1118** happen either internally or externally and that are associated with
1119** a particular attached database.
1120**
1121** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START]]
1122** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1123** in wal mode before the client starts to copy pages from the wal
1124** file to the database file.
1125**
1126** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE]]
1127** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1128** in wal mode after the client has finished copying pages from the wal
1129** file to the database file, but before the *-shm file is updated to
1130** record the fact that the pages have been checkpointed.
1131** </ul>
1132**
1133** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER]]
1134** The EXPERIMENTAL [SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER] opcode is used to detect
1135** whether or not there is a database client in another process with a wal-mode
1136** transaction open on the database or not. It is only available on unix.The
1137** (void*) argument passed with this file-control should be a pointer to a
1138** value of type (int). The integer value is set to 1 if the database is a wal
1139** mode database and there exists at least one client in another process that
1140** currently has an SQL transaction open on the database. It is set to 0 if
1141** the database is not a wal-mode db, or if there is no such connection in any
1142** other process. This opcode cannot be used to detect transactions opened
1143** by clients within the current process, only within other processes.
1144** </ul>
1145**
1146** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE]]
1147** Used by the cksmvfs VFS module only.
1148** </ul>
1149*/
1150#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1151#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1152#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1153#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1154#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1155#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1156#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1157#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1158#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1159#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1160#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1161#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1162#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1163#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1164#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1165#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1166#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1167#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1168#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1169#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1170#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1171#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1172#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1173#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1174#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1175#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1176#define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1177#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1178#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1179#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE     31
1180#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE    32
1181#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE  33
1182#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT           34
1183#define SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION           35
1184#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT             36
1185#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE              37
1186#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES          38
1187#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START             39
1188#define SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER        40
1189#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE              41
1190
1191/* deprecated names */
1192#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1193#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1194#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1195
1196
1197/*
1198** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1199**
1200** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1201** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1202** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1203** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1204**
1205** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1206*/
1207typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1208
1209/*
1210** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1211**
1212** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1213** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1214** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1215** on some platforms.
1216*/
1217typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1218
1219/*
1220** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1221**
1222** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1223** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1224** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1225** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1226**
1227** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto
1228** the end.  Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field
1229** is incremented.  The iVersion value started out as 1 in
1230** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2
1231** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased
1232** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6].  Additional fields
1233** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value
1234** may increase again in future versions of SQLite.
1235** Note that due to an oversight, the structure
1236** of the sqlite3_vfs object changed in the transition from
1237** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0]
1238** and yet the iVersion field was not increased.
1239**
1240** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1241** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1242** a pathname in this VFS.
1243**
1244** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1245** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1246** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1247** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1248** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1249** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1250**
1251** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1252** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1253** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1254** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1255** object once the object has been registered.
1256**
1257** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1258** be unique across all VFS modules.
1259**
1260** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1261** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1262** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1263** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1264** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1265** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1266** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1267** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1268** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1269** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1270** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1271** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1272** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1273** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1274** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1275** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1276**
1277** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1278** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1279** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1280** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1281** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1282** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1283**
1284** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1285** call, depending on the object being opened:
1286**
1287** <ul>
1288** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1289** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1290** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1291** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1292** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1293** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1294** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL]
1295** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1296** </ul>)^
1297**
1298** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1299** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1300** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1301** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1302** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1303** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1304** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1305** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1306**
1307** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1308**
1309** <ul>
1310** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1311** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1312** </ul>
1313**
1314** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1315** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1316** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1317** databases, and subjournals.
1318**
1319** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1320** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1321** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1322** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1323** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1324** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1325** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1326** for exclusive access.
1327**
1328** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1329** to hold the [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1330** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1331** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1332** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1333** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1334** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1335** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1336** or failure of the xOpen call.
1337**
1338** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1339** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1340** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1341** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1342** to test whether a file is at least readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ
1343** flag is never actually used and is not implemented in the built-in
1344** VFSes of SQLite.  The file is named by the second argument and can be a
1345** directory. The xAccess method returns [SQLITE_OK] on success or some
1346** non-zero error code if there is an I/O error or if the name of
1347** the file given in the second argument is illegal.  If SQLITE_OK
1348** is returned, then non-zero or zero is written into *pResOut to indicate
1349** whether or not the file is accessible.
1350**
1351** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1352** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1353** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1354** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1355** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1356** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1357**
1358** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1359** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1360** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1361** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1362** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1363** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1364** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1365** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1366** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1367** a floating point value.
1368** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1369** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1370** a 24-hour day).
1371** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1372** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1373** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1374** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1375**
1376** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1377** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1378** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1379** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1380** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1381** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1382** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1383** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1384** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1385** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1386** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1387*/
1388typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1389typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1390struct sqlite3_vfs {
1391  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1392  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1393  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1394  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1395  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1396  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1397  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1398               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1399  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1400  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1401  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1402  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1403  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1404  void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1405  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1406  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1407  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1408  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1409  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1410  /*
1411  ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1412  ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1413  */
1414  int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1415  /*
1416  ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1417  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1418  */
1419  int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1420  sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1421  const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1422  /*
1423  ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1424  ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1425  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1426  */
1427};
1428
1429/*
1430** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1431**
1432** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1433** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1434** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1435** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1436** simply checks whether the file exists.
1437** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1438** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1439** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1440** the directory).
1441** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1442** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1443** release of SQLite.
1444** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1445** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1446** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1447** SQLite.
1448*/
1449#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1450#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1451#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1452
1453/*
1454** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1455**
1456** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1457** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1458** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1459** xShmLock method:
1460**
1461** <ul>
1462** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1463** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1464** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1465** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1466** </ul>
1467**
1468** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1469** was given on the corresponding lock.
1470**
1471** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1472** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1473** and EXCLUSIVE.
1474*/
1475#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1476#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1477#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1478#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1479
1480/*
1481** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1482**
1483** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1484** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1485** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1486** lock outside of this range
1487*/
1488#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1489
1490
1491/*
1492** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1493**
1494** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1495** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1496** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1497** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1498** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1499** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1500**
1501** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1502** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1503** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1504** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1505** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1506** are harmless no-ops.)^
1507**
1508** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1509** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1510** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1511** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1512**
1513** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1514** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1515** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1516** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1517** sqlite3_shutdown().
1518**
1519** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1520** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1521** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1522**
1523** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1524** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1525** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1526** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1527**
1528** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1529** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1530** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1531** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1532** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1533** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1534** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1535** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1536** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1537** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1538** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1539** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1540** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1541** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1542**
1543** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1544** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1545** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1546** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1547** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1548** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1549** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1550**
1551** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1552** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1553** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1554** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1555** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1556** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1557** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1558** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1559** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1560** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1561** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1562** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1563** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1564** failure.
1565*/
1566int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1567int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1568int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1569int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1570
1571/*
1572** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1573**
1574** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1575** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1576** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1577** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1578** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1579**
1580** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1581** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1582** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1583**
1584** The sqlite3_config() interface
1585** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1586** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1587** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1588** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1589** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1590** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1591**
1592** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1593** [configuration option] that determines
1594** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1595** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1596** in the first argument.
1597**
1598** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1599** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1600** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1601*/
1602int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1603
1604/*
1605** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1606** METHOD: sqlite3
1607**
1608** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1609** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1610** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1611** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1612**
1613** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1614** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1615** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1616** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1617**
1618** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1619** the call is considered successful.
1620*/
1621int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1622
1623/*
1624** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1625**
1626** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1627** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1628**
1629** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1630** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1631** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1632** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1633** By creating an instance of this object
1634** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1635** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1636** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1637** dynamic memory needs.
1638**
1639** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1640** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1641** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1642** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1643** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1644** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1645** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1646** conditions.
1647**
1648** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1649** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1650** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1651** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1652**
1653** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1654** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1655** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1656**
1657** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1658** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1659** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1660** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1661** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1662** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1663** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1664**
1665** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1666** it might allocate any required mutexes or initialize internal data
1667** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1668** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1669** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1670** xInit and xShutdown.
1671**
1672** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN] mutex when it invokes
1673** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1674** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1675** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1676** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1677** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1678** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1679** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1680** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1681** serialization.
1682**
1683** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1684** call to xShutdown().
1685*/
1686typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1687struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1688  void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1689  void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1690  void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1691  int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1692  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1693  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1694  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1695  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1696};
1697
1698/*
1699** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1700** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1701**
1702** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1703** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1704**
1705** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1706** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1707** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1708** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1709** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1710** is invoked.
1711**
1712** <dl>
1713** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1714** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1715** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1716** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1717** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1718** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1719** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1720** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1721** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1722** configuration option.</dd>
1723**
1724** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1725** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1726** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1727** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1728** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1729** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1730** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1731** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1732** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1733** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1734** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1735** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1736** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1737**
1738** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1739** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1740** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1741** all mutexes including the recursive
1742** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1743** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1744** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1745** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1746** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1747** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1748** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1749** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1750** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1751** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1752** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1753**
1754** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1755** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1756** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1757** The argument specifies
1758** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1759** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1760** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1761** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1762**
1763** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1764** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1765** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1766** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1767** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1768** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1769** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1770** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1771**
1772** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC</dt>
1773** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes single argument of
1774** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to
1775** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible.
1776** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations,
1777** but some application might prefer to run slower in exchange for
1778** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large
1779** allocations are avoided.  This hint is normally off.
1780** </dd>
1781**
1782** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1783** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1784** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1785** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1786** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1787**   <ul>
1788**   <li> [sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64()]
1789**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1790**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1791**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1792**   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1793**   </ul>)^
1794** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1795** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1796** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1797** </dd>
1798**
1799** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1800** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used.
1801** </dd>
1802**
1803** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1804** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1805** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1806** cache implementation.
1807** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-defined page
1808** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1809** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1810** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1811** and the number of cache lines (N).
1812** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1813** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1814** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1815** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1816** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1817** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1818** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1819** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1820** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1821** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1822** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1823** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1824** is exhausted.
1825** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1826** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1827** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1828** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1829** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1830** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1831** additional cache line. </dd>
1832**
1833** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1834** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1835** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1836** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1837** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1838** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1839** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1840** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1841** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1842** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1843** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1844** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1845** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1846** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1847** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1848** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1849** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1850** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1851** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1852**
1853** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1854** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1855** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1856** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1857** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1858** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1859** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1860** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1861** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1862** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1863** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1864**
1865** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1866** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1867** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1868** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1869** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1870** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1871** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1872** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1873** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1874** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1875** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1876** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1877**
1878** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1879** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1880** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1881** The first argument is the
1882** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1883** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1884** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1885** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1886** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1887**
1888** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1889** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1890** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1891** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1892** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1893**
1894** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1895** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1896** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1897** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1898**
1899** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1900** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1901** global [error log].
1902** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1903** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1904** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1905** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1906** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1907** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1908** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1909** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1910** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1911** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1912** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1913** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1914** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1915** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1916** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1917** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1918**
1919** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1920** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1921** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1922** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1923** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1924** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1925** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1926** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1927** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1928** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1929** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1930** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1931** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1932**
1933** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1934** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1935** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1936** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1937** ^The default setting is determined
1938** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1939** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1940** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1941** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1942** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1943** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1944** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1945**
1946** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1947** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1948** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1949** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1950** </dd>
1951**
1952** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1953** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1954** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1955** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1956** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1957** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1958** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1959** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1960** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1961** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1962** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1963** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1964** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1965** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1966** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1967** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1968**
1969** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1970** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1971** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1972** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1973** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1974** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1975** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1976** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1977** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1978** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1979** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1980** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1981** changed to its compile-time default.
1982**
1983** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1984** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1985** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1986** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1987** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1988** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1989**
1990** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1991** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1992** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1993** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1994** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1995** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1996** target platform, and SQLite version.
1997**
1998** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1999** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
2000** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
2001** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
2002** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
2003** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
2004** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
2005** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
2006** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
2007** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
2008**
2009** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
2010** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
2011** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
2012** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
2013** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
2014** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
2015** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
2016** exclusively in memory.
2017** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
2018** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
2019** I/O required to support statement rollback.
2020** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
2021** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
2022**
2023** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE]]
2024** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE
2025** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option accepts a single parameter
2026** of type (int) - the new value of the sorter-reference size threshold.
2027** Usually, when SQLite uses an external sort to order records according
2028** to an ORDER BY clause, all fields required by the caller are present in the
2029** sorted records. However, if SQLite determines based on the declared type
2030** of a table column that its values are likely to be very large - larger
2031** than the configured sorter-reference size threshold - then a reference
2032** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded
2033** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default
2034** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a
2035** negative value for this option restores the default behaviour.
2036** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
2037** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option.
2038**
2039** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE]]
2040** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE
2041** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE option accepts a single parameter
2042** [sqlite3_int64] parameter which is the default maximum size for an in-memory
2043** database created using [sqlite3_deserialize()].  This default maximum
2044** size can be adjusted up or down for individual databases using the
2045** [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] [sqlite3_file_control|file-control].  If this
2046** configuration setting is never used, then the default maximum is determined
2047** by the [SQLITE_MEMDB_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE] compile-time option.  If that
2048** compile-time option is not set, then the default maximum is 1073741824.
2049** </dl>
2050*/
2051#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
2052#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
2053#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
2054#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2055#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2056#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* No longer used */
2057#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
2058#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
2059#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
2060#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2061#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2062/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
2063#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
2064#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
2065#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
2066#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
2067#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
2068#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2069#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2070#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
2071#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
2072#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
2073#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
2074#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
2075#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
2076#define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
2077#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC        27  /* boolean */
2078#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE      28  /* int nByte */
2079#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE       29  /* sqlite3_int64 */
2080
2081/*
2082** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
2083**
2084** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
2085** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
2086**
2087** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
2088** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
2089** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
2090** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
2091** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
2092** is invoked.
2093**
2094** <dl>
2095** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
2096** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
2097** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
2098** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
2099** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
2100** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
2101** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
2102** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
2103** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
2104** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
2105** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
2106** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
2107** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
2108** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
2109** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
2110** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
2111** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
2112** when the "current value" returned by
2113** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
2114** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
2115** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
2116** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
2117**
2118** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]]
2119** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
2120** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
2121** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
2122** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
2123** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
2124** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2125** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
2126** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2127** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
2128**
2129** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER]]
2130** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
2131** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
2132** There should be two additional arguments.
2133** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
2134** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2135** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2136** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
2137** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2138** which case the trigger setting is not reported back.
2139**
2140** <p>Originally this option disabled all triggers.  ^(However, since
2141** SQLite version 3.35.0, TEMP triggers are still allowed even if
2142** this option is off.  So, in other words, this option now only disables
2143** triggers in the main database schema or in the schemas of ATTACH-ed
2144** databases.)^ </dd>
2145**
2146** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW]]
2147** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW</dt>
2148** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE VIEW | views].
2149** There should be two additional arguments.
2150** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable views,
2151** positive to enable views or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2152** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2153** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether views are disabled or enabled
2154** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2155** which case the view setting is not reported back.
2156**
2157** <p>Originally this option disabled all views.  ^(However, since
2158** SQLite version 3.35.0, TEMP views are still allowed even if
2159** this option is off.  So, in other words, this option now only disables
2160** views in the main database schema or in the schemas of ATTACH-ed
2161** databases.)^ </dd>
2162**
2163** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER]]
2164** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
2165** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the
2166** [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
2167** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
2168** There should be two additional arguments.
2169** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
2170** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
2171** unchanged.
2172** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2173** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
2174** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2175** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
2176**
2177** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION]]
2178** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
2179** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
2180** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
2181** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
2182** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
2183** There should be two additional arguments.
2184** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
2185** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
2186** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
2187** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
2188** C-API or the SQL function.
2189** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2190** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
2191** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
2192** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
2193** </dd>
2194**
2195** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
2196** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
2197** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
2198** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
2199** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
2200** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
2201** until after the database connection closes.
2202** </dd>
2203**
2204** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]]
2205** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
2206** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2207** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2208** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2209** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2210** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2211** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2212** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2213** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2214** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2215** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2216** </dd>
2217**
2218** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
2219** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
2220** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,
2221** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless
2222** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations
2223** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries
2224** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
2225** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
2226** was used during testing in the lab.
2227** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2228** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
2229** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2230** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
2231** following this call.
2232** </dd>
2233**
2234** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
2235** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not
2236** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
2237** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
2238** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
2239** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
2240** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2241** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written
2242** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if
2243** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.
2244** </dd>
2245**
2246** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
2247** <dd> Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run
2248** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database
2249** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for
2250** a badly corrupted database file:
2251** <ol>
2252** <li> If the database connection is newly opened, make sure it has read the
2253**      database schema by preparing then discarding some query against the
2254**      database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any
2255**      errors.  This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep
2256**      the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before
2257**      the reset.
2258** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
2259** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
2260** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
2261** </ol>
2262** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the
2263** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to help
2264** ensure that it does not happen by accident.
2265**
2266** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE</dt>
2267** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the
2268** "defensive" flag for a database connection.  When the defensive
2269** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to
2270** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.  The disabled
2271** features include but are not limited to the following:
2272** <ul>
2273** <li> The [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] statement.
2274** <li> The [PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF] statement.
2275** <li> Writes to the [sqlite_dbpage] virtual table.
2276** <li> Direct writes to [shadow tables].
2277** </ul>
2278** </dd>
2279**
2280** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA</dt>
2281** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA option activates or deactivates the
2282** "writable_schema" flag. This has the same effect and is logically equivalent
2283** to setting [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] or [PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF].
2284** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2285** the writable_schema, positive to enable writable_schema, or negative to
2286** leave the setting unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an
2287** integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the writable_schema
2288** is enabled or disabled following this call.
2289** </dd>
2290**
2291** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE]]
2292** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE</dt>
2293** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE option activates or deactivates
2294** the legacy behavior of the [ALTER TABLE RENAME] command such it
2295** behaves as it did prior to [version 3.24.0] (2018-06-04).  See the
2296** "Compatibility Notice" on the [ALTER TABLE RENAME documentation] for
2297** additional information. This feature can also be turned on and off
2298** using the [PRAGMA legacy_alter_table] statement.
2299** </dd>
2300**
2301** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML]]
2302** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML</td>
2303** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML option activates or deactivates
2304** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DML statements
2305** only, that is DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, and UPDATE statements. The
2306** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2307** compile-time option.
2308** </dd>
2309**
2310** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL]]
2311** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</td>
2312** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates
2313** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements,
2314** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The
2315** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2316** compile-time option.
2317** </dd>
2318**
2319** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA]]
2320** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA</td>
2321** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option tells SQLite to
2322** assume that database schemas are untainted by malicious content.
2323** When the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option is disabled, SQLite
2324** takes additional defensive steps to protect the application from harm
2325** including:
2326** <ul>
2327** <li> Prohibit the use of SQL functions inside triggers, views,
2328** CHECK constraints, DEFAULT clauses, expression indexes,
2329** partial indexes, or generated columns
2330** unless those functions are tagged with [SQLITE_INNOCUOUS].
2331** <li> Prohibit the use of virtual tables inside of triggers or views
2332** unless those virtual tables are tagged with [SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS].
2333** </ul>
2334** This setting defaults to "on" for legacy compatibility, however
2335** all applications are advised to turn it off if possible. This setting
2336** can also be controlled using the [PRAGMA trusted_schema] statement.
2337** </dd>
2338**
2339** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT]]
2340** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT</td>
2341** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT option activates or deactivates
2342** the legacy file format flag.  When activated, this flag causes all newly
2343** created database file to have a schema format version number (the 4-byte
2344** integer found at offset 44 into the database header) of 1.  This in turn
2345** means that the resulting database file will be readable and writable by
2346** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]).  Without this setting,
2347** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions
2348** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]).  As these words are written, there
2349** is now scarcely any need to generated database files that are compatible
2350** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little
2351** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the
2352** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with  version
2353** 3.0.0.
2354** <p>Note that when the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT setting is on,
2355** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to
2356** process a table with generated columns and a descending index.  This is
2357** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support
2358** either generated columns or decending indexes.
2359** </dd>
2360** </dl>
2361*/
2362#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2363#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2364#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2365#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2366#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2367#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2368#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2369#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           1007 /* int int* */
2370#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           1008 /* int int* */
2371#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
2372#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
2373#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       1011 /* int int* */
2374#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    1012 /* int int* */
2375#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               1013 /* int int* */
2376#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               1014 /* int int* */
2377#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           1015 /* int int* */
2378#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    1016 /* int int* */
2379#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA        1017 /* int int* */
2380#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1017 /* Largest DBCONFIG */
2381
2382/*
2383** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2384** METHOD: sqlite3
2385**
2386** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2387** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2388** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2389*/
2390int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2391
2392/*
2393** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2394** METHOD: sqlite3
2395**
2396** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2397** has a unique 64-bit signed
2398** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2399** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2400** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2401** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2402** is another alias for the rowid.
2403**
2404** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2405** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2406** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2407** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2408** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2409** zero.
2410**
2411** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2412** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2413** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2414**
2415** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2416** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2417** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2418** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2419** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2420** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2421** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2422** control to the user.
2423**
2424** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2425** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2426** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2427** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2428**
2429** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2430** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2431** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2432** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2433** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2434** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2435** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2436** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2437** the return value of this interface.)^
2438**
2439** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2440** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2441**
2442** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2443** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2444**
2445** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2446** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2447** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2448** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2449** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2450** last insert [rowid].
2451*/
2452sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2453
2454/*
2455** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2456** METHOD: sqlite3
2457**
2458** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2459** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2460** without inserting a row into the database.
2461*/
2462void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2463
2464/*
2465** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2466** METHOD: sqlite3
2467**
2468** ^These functions return the number of rows modified, inserted or
2469** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2470** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2471** The two functions are identical except for the type of the return value
2472** and that if the number of rows modified by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE
2473** or DELETE is greater than the maximum value supported by type "int", then
2474** the return value of sqlite3_changes() is undefined. ^Executing any other
2475** type of SQL statement does not modify the value returned by these functions.
2476**
2477** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2478** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2479** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2480**
2481** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2482** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2483** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2484** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2485** tables are counted.
2486**
2487** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2488** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2489** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2490** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2491**
2492** <ul>
2493**   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2494**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2495**        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2496**
2497**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2498**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2499**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2500**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2501**        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2502** </ul>
2503**
2504** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2505** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2506** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2507** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2508** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2509** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2510**
2511** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2512** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2513** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2514**
2515** See also:
2516** <ul>
2517** <li> the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface
2518** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2519** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2520** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2521** </ul>
2522*/
2523int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2524sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_changes64(sqlite3*);
2525
2526/*
2527** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2528** METHOD: sqlite3
2529**
2530** ^These functions return the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2531** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2532** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2533** part of trigger programs. The two functions are identical except for the
2534** type of the return value and that if the number of rows modified by the
2535** connection exceeds the maximum value supported by type "int", then
2536** the return value of sqlite3_total_changes() is undefined. ^Executing
2537** any other type of SQL statement does not affect the value returned by
2538** sqlite3_total_changes().
2539**
2540** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2541** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2542** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2543** are not counted.
2544**
2545** The [sqlite3_total_changes(D)] interface only reports the number
2546** of rows that changed due to SQL statement run against database
2547** connection D.  Any changes by other database connections are ignored.
2548** To detect changes against a database file from other database
2549** connections use the [PRAGMA data_version] command or the
2550** [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control].
2551**
2552** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2553** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2554** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2555**
2556** See also:
2557** <ul>
2558** <li> the [sqlite3_changes()] interface
2559** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2560** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2561** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2562** <li> the [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control]
2563** </ul>
2564*/
2565int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2566sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_total_changes64(sqlite3*);
2567
2568/*
2569** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2570** METHOD: sqlite3
2571**
2572** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2573** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2574** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2575** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2576** immediately.
2577**
2578** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2579** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2580** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2581** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2582**
2583** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2584** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2585** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2586**
2587** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2588** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2589** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2590** will be rolled back automatically.
2591**
2592** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2593** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2594** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2595** running statement count reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2596** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2597** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2598** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2599** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2600** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2601** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2602*/
2603void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2604
2605/*
2606** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2607**
2608** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2609** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2610** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2611** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2612** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2613** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2614** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2615** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2616** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2617** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2618** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2619**
2620** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2621** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2622**
2623** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2624** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2625**
2626** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2627** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2628** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2629** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2630** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2631**
2632** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2633** UTF-8 string.
2634**
2635** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2636** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2637*/
2638int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2639int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2640
2641/*
2642** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2643** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2644** METHOD: sqlite3
2645**
2646** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2647** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2648** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2649** [database connection] D when another thread
2650** or process has the table locked.
2651** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2652** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2653**
2654** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2655** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2656** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2657**
2658** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2659** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2660** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2661** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2662** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2663** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2664** to the application.
2665** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2666** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2667**
2668** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2669** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2670** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2671** to the application instead of invoking the
2672** busy handler.
2673** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2674** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2675** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2676** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2677** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2678** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2679** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2680** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2681** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2682** the second process to proceed.
2683**
2684** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2685**
2686** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2687** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2688** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2689** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2690** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2691**
2692** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2693** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2694** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2695** result in undefined behavior.
2696**
2697** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2698** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2699*/
2700int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2701
2702/*
2703** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2704** METHOD: sqlite3
2705**
2706** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2707** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2708** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2709** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2710** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2711** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2712**
2713** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2714** turns off all busy handlers.
2715**
2716** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2717** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2718** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2719** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2720**
2721** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2722*/
2723int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2724
2725/*
2726** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2727** METHOD: sqlite3
2728**
2729** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2730** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2731**
2732** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2733** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2734** complete query results from one or more queries.
2735**
2736** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2737** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2738** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2739** and M be the number of columns.
2740**
2741** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2742** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2743** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2744** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2745** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2746** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2747**
2748** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2749** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2750** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2751**
2752** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2753** is as follows:
2754**
2755** <blockquote><pre>
2756**        Name        | Age
2757**        -----------------------
2758**        Alice       | 43
2759**        Bob         | 28
2760**        Cindy       | 21
2761** </pre></blockquote>
2762**
2763** There are two columns (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2764** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2765** in an array named azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2766**
2767** <blockquote><pre>
2768**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2769**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2770**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2771**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2772**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2773**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2774**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2775**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2776** </pre></blockquote>)^
2777**
2778** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2779** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2780** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2781** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2782**
2783** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2784** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2785** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2786** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2787** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2788** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2789**
2790** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2791** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2792** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2793** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2794** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2795** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2796** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2797*/
2798int sqlite3_get_table(
2799  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2800  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2801  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2802  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2803  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2804  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2805);
2806void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2807
2808/*
2809** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2810**
2811** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2812** from the standard C library.
2813** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from
2814** the standard library printf()
2815** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]).
2816** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details.
2817**
2818** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2819** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()].
2820** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2821** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2822** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough
2823** memory to hold the resulting string.
2824**
2825** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2826** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2827** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2828** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2829** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2830** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2831** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2832** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2833** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2834** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2835** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2836** now without breaking compatibility.
2837**
2838** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2839** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2840** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2841** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2842** written will be n-1 characters.
2843**
2844** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2845**
2846** See also:  [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function]
2847*/
2848char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2849char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2850char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2851char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2852
2853/*
2854** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2855**
2856** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2857** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2858** does not include operating-system specific [VFS] implementation.  The
2859** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2860**
2861** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2862** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2863** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2864** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2865** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2866** a NULL pointer.
2867**
2868** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2869** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2870** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2871**
2872** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2873** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2874** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2875** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2876** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2877** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2878** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2879** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2880** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2881** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2882**
2883** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2884** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2885** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2886** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2887** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2888** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2889** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2890** sqlite3_free(X).
2891** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2892** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2893** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2894** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2895** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2896** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2897** prior allocation is not freed.
2898**
2899** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2900** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2901** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2902**
2903** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2904** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2905** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2906** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2907** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2908** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2909** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2910** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2911** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2912**
2913** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2914** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2915** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2916** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2917** option is used.
2918**
2919** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2920** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2921** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2922** not yet been released.
2923**
2924** The application must not read or write any part of
2925** a block of memory after it has been released using
2926** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2927*/
2928void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2929void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2930void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2931void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2932void sqlite3_free(void*);
2933sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2934
2935/*
2936** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2937**
2938** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2939** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2940** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2941**
2942** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2943** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2944** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2945** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2946** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2947** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2948** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2949** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2950** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2951**
2952** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2953** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2954** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2955** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2956** prior to the reset.
2957*/
2958sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2959sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2960
2961/*
2962** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2963**
2964** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2965** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2966** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2967** the built-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2968** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2969**
2970** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2971** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2972**
2973** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2974** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2975** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2976** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2977** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2978** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2979** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2980** method.
2981*/
2982void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2983
2984/*
2985** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2986** METHOD: sqlite3
2987** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback}
2988**
2989** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2990** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2991** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2992** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2993** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
2994** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].  ^At various
2995** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2996** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2997** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2998** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2999** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
3000** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
3001** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
3002** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
3003** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
3004** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
3005**
3006** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
3007** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
3008** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
3009** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
3010** access is denied.
3011**
3012** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
3013** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
3014** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
3015** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
3016** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings
3017** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized.
3018** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any
3019** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback.
3020**
3021** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
3022** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
3023** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
3024** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
3025** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
3026** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
3027** columns of a table.
3028** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are
3029** extracted from that table (for example in a query like
3030** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback
3031** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string.
3032** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
3033** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
3034** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
3035**
3036** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
3037** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
3038** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
3039** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
3040** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
3041** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
3042** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
3043** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
3044** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
3045** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
3046**
3047** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
3048** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
3049** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
3050** in addition to using an authorizer.
3051**
3052** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
3053** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
3054** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
3055** The authorizer is disabled by default.
3056**
3057** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
3058** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
3059** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3060** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3061**
3062** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
3063** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
3064** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
3065** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
3066**
3067** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
3068** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
3069** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
3070** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
3071** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
3072*/
3073int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
3074  sqlite3*,
3075  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
3076  void *pUserData
3077);
3078
3079/*
3080** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
3081**
3082** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
3083** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
3084** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
3085** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
3086** information.
3087**
3088** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
3089** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
3090*/
3091#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
3092#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
3093
3094/*
3095** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
3096**
3097** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
3098** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
3099** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
3100** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
3101** the authorizer callback may be passed.
3102**
3103** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
3104** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
3105** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
3106** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
3107** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
3108** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
3109** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
3110** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
3111** top-level SQL code.
3112*/
3113/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
3114#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3115#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3116#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3117#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3118#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3119#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
3120#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3121#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
3122#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3123#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3124#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3125#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3126#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3127#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3128#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
3129#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3130#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
3131#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3132#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
3133#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3134#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
3135#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
3136#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3137#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
3138#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
3139#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
3140#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
3141#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3142#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3143#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3144#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
3145#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
3146#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
3147#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
3148
3149/*
3150** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
3151** METHOD: sqlite3
3152**
3153** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
3154** instead of the routines described here.
3155**
3156** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
3157** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
3158**
3159** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
3160** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
3161** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
3162** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
3163** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
3164** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
3165** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
3166**
3167** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
3168** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
3169**
3170** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
3171** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
3172** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
3173** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
3174** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
3175** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
3176** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
3177** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  Invoking
3178** either [sqlite3_trace()] or [sqlite3_trace_v2()] will cancel the
3179** profile callback.
3180*/
3181SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
3182   void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
3183SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
3184   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
3185
3186/*
3187** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
3188** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
3189**
3190** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
3191** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The M argument
3192** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
3193** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
3194** is one of the following constants.
3195**
3196** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
3197**
3198** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
3199** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
3200** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
3201** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
3202** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3203**
3204** <dl>
3205** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
3206** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
3207** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
3208** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
3209** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
3210** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
3211** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
3212** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
3213** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
3214** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
3215** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
3216**
3217** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
3218** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
3219** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
3220** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3221** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
3222** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
3223** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
3224**
3225** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
3226** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
3227** statement generates a single row of result.
3228** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3229** X argument is unused.
3230**
3231** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
3232** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
3233** connection closes.
3234** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
3235** and the X argument is unused.
3236** </dl>
3237*/
3238#define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
3239#define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
3240#define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
3241#define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
3242
3243/*
3244** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
3245** METHOD: sqlite3
3246**
3247** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
3248** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
3249** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
3250** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
3251** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
3252** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
3253**
3254** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
3255** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
3256**
3257** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
3258** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
3259** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
3260** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
3261**
3262** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
3263** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
3264** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
3265** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
3266** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3267**
3268** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
3269** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
3270** are deprecated.
3271*/
3272int sqlite3_trace_v2(
3273  sqlite3*,
3274  unsigned uMask,
3275  int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
3276  void *pCtx
3277);
3278
3279/*
3280** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
3281** METHOD: sqlite3
3282**
3283** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
3284** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
3285** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
3286** database connection D.  An example use for this
3287** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
3288**
3289** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
3290** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
3291** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
3292** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
3293** handler is disabled.
3294**
3295** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
3296** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
3297** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
3298** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
3299** than 1.
3300**
3301** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
3302** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
3303** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
3304**
3305** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
3306** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
3307** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3308** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3309**
3310*/
3311void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
3312
3313/*
3314** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
3315** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3316**
3317** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3318** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3319** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3320** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3321** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3322** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3323** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3324** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3325** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3326** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3327** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3328** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3329**
3330** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3331** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3332** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3333**
3334** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3335** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3336** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3337**
3338** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3339** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3340** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3341** sqlite3_open_v2() must include, at a minimum, one of the following
3342** three flag combinations:)^
3343**
3344** <dl>
3345** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3346** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3347** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3348**
3349** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3350** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3351** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3352** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3353**
3354** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3355** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3356** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3357** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3358** </dl>
3359**
3360** In addition to the required flags, the following optional flags are
3361** also supported:
3362**
3363** <dl>
3364** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_URI]</dt>
3365** <dd>The filename can be interpreted as a URI if this flag is set.</dd>)^
3366**
3367** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY]</dt>
3368** <dd>The database will be opened as an in-memory database.  The database
3369** is named by the "filename" argument for the purposes of cache-sharing,
3370** if shared cache mode is enabled, but the "filename" is otherwise ignored.
3371** </dd>)^
3372**
3373** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX]</dt>
3374** <dd>The new database connection will use the "multi-thread"
3375** [threading mode].)^  This means that separate threads are allowed
3376** to use SQLite at the same time, as long as each thread is using
3377** a different [database connection].
3378**
3379** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX]</dt>
3380** <dd>The new database connection will use the "serialized"
3381** [threading mode].)^  This means the multiple threads can safely
3382** attempt to use the same database connection at the same time.
3383** (Mutexes will block any actual concurrency, but in this mode
3384** there is no harm in trying.)
3385**
3386** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE]</dt>
3387** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] enabled, overriding
3388** the default shared cache setting provided by
3389** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3390**
3391** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE]</dt>
3392** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] disabled, overriding
3393** the default shared cache setting provided by
3394** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3395**
3396** [[OPEN_NOFOLLOW]] ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW]</dt>
3397** <dd>The database filename is not allowed to be a symbolic link</dd>
3398**
3399** [[OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]] ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]</dt>
3400** <dd>This flag causes the open to fail if the database file already
3401** exists.  The open will only be success if this flag is used in combination
3402** with the SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE and SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE flags and if
3403** the file does not previously exist.</dd>
3404** </dl>)^
3405**
3406** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3407** required combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3408** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3409** then the behavior is undefined.
3410**
3411** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3412** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3413** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3414** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3415**
3416** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3417** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3418** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3419** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3420** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3421** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3422** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3423**
3424** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3425** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3426** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3427**
3428** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3429**
3430** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3431** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3432** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3433** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3434** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3435** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3436** URI filename interpretation is turned off
3437** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3438** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3439** information.
3440**
3441** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3442** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3443** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3444** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3445** present, is ignored.
3446**
3447** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3448** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3449** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3450** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3451** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3452** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3453** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3454**
3455** [[core URI query parameters]]
3456** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3457** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3458** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3459** following query parameters:
3460**
3461** <ul>
3462**   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3463**     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3464**     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3465**     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3466**     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3467**     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3468**     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3469**
3470**   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3471**     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3472**     an error)^.
3473**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3474**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3475**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3476**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3477**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3478**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3479**     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3480**     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3481**     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3482**     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3483**     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3484**
3485**   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3486**     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3487**     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3488**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3489**     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3490**     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3491**     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3492**     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3493**
3494**  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3495**     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3496**     storage media on which the database file resides.
3497**
3498**  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3499**     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3500**     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3501**     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3502**     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3503**     processes uses nolock=1.
3504**
3505**  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3506**     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3507**     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3508**     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3509**     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3510**     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3511**     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3512**     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3513**     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3514**
3515** </ul>
3516**
3517** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3518** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3519** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3520** additional information.
3521**
3522** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3523**
3524** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3525** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3526** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3527**          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3528** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3529**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3530**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3531**          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3532** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3533**          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3534** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3535**          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3536**     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3537**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3538**          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3539**          in URI filenames.
3540** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3541**          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3542**          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3543**          default, use a private cache.
3544** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3545**          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3546**          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3547** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3548**          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3549**          Use "ro" instead:  "file:data.db?mode=ro".
3550** </table>
3551**
3552** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3553** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3554** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3555** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3556** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3557** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3558** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3559** the results are undefined.
3560**
3561** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3562** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3563** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3564** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3565** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3566**
3567** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3568** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3569** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3570**
3571** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3572*/
3573int sqlite3_open(
3574  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3575  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3576);
3577int sqlite3_open16(
3578  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3579  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3580);
3581int sqlite3_open_v2(
3582  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3583  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3584  int flags,              /* Flags */
3585  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3586);
3587
3588/*
3589** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3590**
3591** These are utility routines, useful to [VFS|custom VFS implementations],
3592** that check if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3593** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3594**
3595** The first parameter to these interfaces (hereafter referred to
3596** as F) must be one of:
3597** <ul>
3598** <li> A database filename pointer created by the SQLite core and
3599** passed into the xOpen() method of a VFS implemention, or
3600** <li> A filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], or
3601** <li> A new filename constructed using [sqlite3_create_filename()].
3602** </ul>
3603** If the F parameter is not one of the above, then the behavior is
3604** undefined and probably undesirable.  Older versions of SQLite were
3605** more tolerant of invalid F parameters than newer versions.
3606**
3607** If F is a suitable filename (as described in the previous paragraph)
3608** and if P is the name of the query parameter, then
3609** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3610** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3611** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F and it
3612** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3613** a pointer to an empty string.
3614**
3615** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3616** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3617** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3618** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3619** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3620** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3621** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3622** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3623** parameter on F or if the value of P does not match any of the
3624** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3625**
3626** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3627** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3628** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3629** zero is returned.
3630**
3631** The sqlite3_uri_key(F,N) returns a pointer to the name (not
3632** the value) of the N-th query parameter for filename F, or a NULL
3633** pointer if N is less than zero or greater than the number of query
3634** parameters minus 1.  The N value is zero-based so N should be 0 to obtain
3635** the name of the first query parameter, 1 for the second parameter, and
3636** so forth.
3637**
3638** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3639** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3640** is not a database file pathname pointer that the SQLite core passed
3641** into the xOpen VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined
3642** and probably undesirable.
3643**
3644** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.31.0] ([dateof:3.31.0]) the input F
3645** parameter can also be the name of a rollback journal file or WAL file
3646** in addition to the main database file.  Prior to version 3.31.0, these
3647** routines would only work if F was the name of the main database file.
3648** When the F parameter is the name of the rollback journal or WAL file,
3649** it has access to all the same query parameters as were found on the
3650** main database file.
3651**
3652** See the [URI filename] documentation for additional information.
3653*/
3654const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3655int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3656sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3657const char *sqlite3_uri_key(const char *zFilename, int N);
3658
3659/*
3660** CAPI3REF:  Translate filenames
3661**
3662** These routines are available to [VFS|custom VFS implementations] for
3663** translating filenames between the main database file, the journal file,
3664** and the WAL file.
3665**
3666** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3667** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, then sqlite3_filename_database(F)
3668** returns the name of the corresponding database file.
3669**
3670** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3671** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database filename
3672** obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then sqlite3_filename_journal(F)
3673** returns the name of the corresponding rollback journal file.
3674**
3675** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3676** that was passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database
3677** filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then
3678** sqlite3_filename_wal(F) returns the name of the corresponding
3679** WAL file.
3680**
3681** In all of the above, if F is not the name of a database, journal or WAL
3682** filename passed into the VFS from the SQLite core and F is not the
3683** return value from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then the result is
3684** undefined and is likely a memory access violation.
3685*/
3686const char *sqlite3_filename_database(const char*);
3687const char *sqlite3_filename_journal(const char*);
3688const char *sqlite3_filename_wal(const char*);
3689
3690/*
3691** CAPI3REF:  Database File Corresponding To A Journal
3692**
3693** ^If X is the name of a rollback or WAL-mode journal file that is
3694** passed into the xOpen method of [sqlite3_vfs], then
3695** sqlite3_database_file_object(X) returns a pointer to the [sqlite3_file]
3696** object that represents the main database file.
3697**
3698** This routine is intended for use in custom [VFS] implementations
3699** only.  It is not a general-purpose interface.
3700** The argument sqlite3_file_object(X) must be a filename pointer that
3701** has been passed into [sqlite3_vfs].xOpen method where the
3702** flags parameter to xOpen contains one of the bits
3703** [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL] or [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL].  Any other use
3704** of this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable
3705** behavior.
3706*/
3707sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*);
3708
3709/*
3710** CAPI3REF: Create and Destroy VFS Filenames
3711**
3712** These interfces are provided for use by [VFS shim] implementations and
3713** are not useful outside of that context.
3714**
3715** The sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) allocates memory to hold a version of
3716** database filename D with corresponding journal file J and WAL file W and
3717** with N URI parameters key/values pairs in the array P.  The result from
3718** sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) is a pointer to a database filename that
3719** is safe to pass to routines like:
3720** <ul>
3721** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()],
3722** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()],
3723** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()],
3724** <li> [sqlite3_uri_key()],
3725** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()],
3726** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()], or
3727** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()].
3728** </ul>
3729** If a memory allocation error occurs, sqlite3_create_filename() might
3730** return a NULL pointer.  The memory obtained from sqlite3_create_filename(X)
3731** must be released by a corresponding call to sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3732**
3733** The P parameter in sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) should be an array
3734** of 2*N pointers to strings.  Each pair of pointers in this array corresponds
3735** to a key and value for a query parameter.  The P parameter may be a NULL
3736** pointer if N is zero.  None of the 2*N pointers in the P array may be
3737** NULL pointers and key pointers should not be empty strings.
3738** None of the D, J, or W parameters to sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) may
3739** be NULL pointers, though they can be empty strings.
3740**
3741** The sqlite3_free_filename(Y) routine releases a memory allocation
3742** previously obtained from sqlite3_create_filename().  Invoking
3743** sqlite3_free_filename(Y) where Y is a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
3744**
3745** If the Y parameter to sqlite3_free_filename(Y) is anything other
3746** than a NULL pointer or a pointer previously acquired from
3747** sqlite3_create_filename(), then bad things such as heap
3748** corruption or segfaults may occur. The value Y should not be
3749** used again after sqlite3_free_filename(Y) has been called.  This means
3750** that if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen()] method of a VFS has been called using Y,
3751** then the corresponding [sqlite3_module.xClose() method should also be
3752** invoked prior to calling sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3753*/
3754char *sqlite3_create_filename(
3755  const char *zDatabase,
3756  const char *zJournal,
3757  const char *zWal,
3758  int nParam,
3759  const char **azParam
3760);
3761void sqlite3_free_filename(char*);
3762
3763/*
3764** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3765** METHOD: sqlite3
3766**
3767** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3768** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3769** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3770** API call.
3771** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3772** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3773** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3774** disabled.
3775**
3776** The values returned by sqlite3_errcode() and/or
3777** sqlite3_extended_errcode() might change with each API call.
3778** Except, there are some interfaces that are guaranteed to never
3779** change the value of the error code.  The error-code preserving
3780** interfaces are:
3781**
3782** <ul>
3783** <li> sqlite3_errcode()
3784** <li> sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3785** <li> sqlite3_errmsg()
3786** <li> sqlite3_errmsg16()
3787** </ul>
3788**
3789** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3790** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3791** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3792** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3793** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3794** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3795**
3796** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3797** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3798** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3799** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3800**
3801** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3802** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3803** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3804** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3805** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3806** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3807** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3808** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3809** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3810**
3811** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3812** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3813** error code and message may or may not be set.
3814*/
3815int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3816int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3817const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3818const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3819const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3820
3821/*
3822** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3823** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3824**
3825** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3826** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3827**
3828** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3829** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3830** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3831** prepared statement before it can be run.
3832**
3833** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3834**
3835** <ol>
3836** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3837** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3838**      interfaces.
3839** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3840** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3841**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3842** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3843** </ol>
3844*/
3845typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3846
3847/*
3848** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3849** METHOD: sqlite3
3850**
3851** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3852** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3853** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3854** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3855** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3856** new limit for that construct.)^
3857**
3858** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3859** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3860** [limits | hard upper bound]
3861** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3862** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3863** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3864** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3865** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3866**
3867** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3868** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3869** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3870** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3871**
3872** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3873** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3874** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3875** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3876** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3877** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3878** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3879** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3880** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3881** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3882** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3883** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3884**
3885** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3886*/
3887int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3888
3889/*
3890** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3891** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3892**
3893** These constants define various performance limits
3894** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3895** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3896** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3897**
3898** <dl>
3899** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3900** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3901**
3902** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3903** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3904**
3905** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3906** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3907** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3908** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3909**
3910** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3911** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3912**
3913** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3914** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3915**
3916** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3917** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3918** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3919** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3920** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3921**
3922** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3923** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3924**
3925** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3926** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3927**
3928** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3929** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3930** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3931** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3932**
3933** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3934** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3935** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3936**
3937** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3938** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3939**
3940** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3941** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3942** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3943** </dl>
3944*/
3945#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3946#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3947#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3948#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3949#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3950#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3951#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3952#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3953#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3954#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3955#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3956#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3957
3958/*
3959** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags
3960**
3961** These constants define various flags that can be passed into
3962** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and
3963** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces.
3964**
3965** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite.
3966**
3967** <dl>
3968** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT</dt>
3969** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner
3970** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and
3971** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
3972** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will
3973** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
3974** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
3975** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
3976** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of
3977** SQLite may act on this hint differently.
3978**
3979** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE</dt>
3980** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE flag is a no-op. This flag used
3981** to be required for any prepared statement that wanted to use the
3982** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface.  However, the
3983** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface is now available to all
3984** prepared statements, regardless of whether or not they use this
3985** flag.
3986**
3987** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB</dt>
3988** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB flag causes the SQL compiler
3989** to return an error (error code SQLITE_ERROR) if the statement uses
3990** any virtual tables.
3991** </dl>
3992*/
3993#define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT              0x01
3994#define SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE               0x02
3995#define SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB                 0x04
3996
3997/*
3998** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3999** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
4000** METHOD: sqlite3
4001** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4002**
4003** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
4004** program using one of these routines.  Or, in other words, these routines
4005** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object.
4006**
4007** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].  The
4008** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided.
4009** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra "prepFlags" option that is used
4010** for special purposes.
4011**
4012** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently
4013** does all parsing using UTF-8.  The UTF-16 interfaces are provided
4014** as a convenience.  The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the
4015** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface.
4016**
4017** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
4018** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
4019** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
4020**
4021** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
4022** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(),
4023** and sqlite3_prepare_v3()
4024** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4025** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16.
4026**
4027** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
4028** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
4029** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
4030** statement is generated.
4031** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
4032** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
4033** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
4034** the nul-terminator.
4035**
4036** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
4037** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
4038** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
4039** what remains uncompiled.
4040**
4041** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
4042** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
4043** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
4044** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
4045** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
4046** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
4047** ppStmt may not be NULL.
4048**
4049** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
4050** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
4051**
4052** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4053** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs.
4054** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16())
4055** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
4056** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement
4057** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
4058** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
4059** behave differently in three ways:
4060**
4061** <ol>
4062** <li>
4063** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
4064** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
4065** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
4066** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
4067** </li>
4068**
4069** <li>
4070** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
4071** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
4072** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
4073** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
4074** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
4075** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
4076** </li>
4077**
4078** <li>
4079** ^If the specific value bound to a [parameter | host parameter] in the
4080** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
4081** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
4082** a schema change, on the first [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
4083** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
4084** ^The specific value of a WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
4085** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
4086** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
4087** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4] compile-time option is enabled.
4088** </li>
4089** </ol>
4090**
4091** <p>^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having
4092** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or
4093** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags.  ^The
4094** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as
4095** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter.
4096*/
4097int sqlite3_prepare(
4098  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4099  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4100  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4101  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4102  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4103);
4104int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
4105  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4106  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4107  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4108  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4109  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4110);
4111int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
4112  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4113  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4114  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4115  unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4116  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4117  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4118);
4119int sqlite3_prepare16(
4120  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4121  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4122  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4123  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4124  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4125);
4126int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
4127  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4128  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4129  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4130  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4131  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4132);
4133int sqlite3_prepare16_v3(
4134  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4135  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4136  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4137  unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4138  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4139  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4140);
4141
4142/*
4143** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
4144** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4145**
4146** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
4147** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
4148** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()],
4149** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4150** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4151** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
4152** [bound parameters] expanded.
4153** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4154** string containing the normalized SQL text of prepared statement P.  The
4155** semantics used to normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject
4156** to change.  At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable
4157** placeholders.
4158**
4159** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
4160** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
4161** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
4162** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
4163** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
4164**
4165** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
4166** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
4167** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
4168**
4169** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
4170** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
4171** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
4172**
4173** ^The strings returned by sqlite3_sql(P) and sqlite3_normalized_sql(P)
4174** are managed by SQLite and are automatically freed when the prepared
4175** statement is finalized.
4176** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
4177** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
4178** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
4179**
4180** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql() interface is only available if
4181** the [SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE] compile-time option is defined.
4182*/
4183const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4184char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4185#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
4186const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4187#endif
4188
4189/*
4190** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
4191** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4192**
4193** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
4194** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
4195** the content of the database file.
4196**
4197** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
4198** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
4199** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
4200** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
4201** change the database file through side-effects:
4202**
4203** <blockquote><pre>
4204**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
4205** </pre></blockquote>
4206**
4207** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
4208** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
4209**
4210** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
4211** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
4212** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
4213** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
4214** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
4215** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
4216** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
4217** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
4218** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
4219** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
4220** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
4221** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
4222**
4223** ^This routine returns false if there is any possibility that the
4224** statement might change the database file.  ^A false return does
4225** not guarantee that the statement will change the database file.
4226** ^For example, an UPDATE statement might have a WHERE clause that
4227** makes it a no-op, but the sqlite3_stmt_readonly() result would still
4228** be false.  ^Similarly, a CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS statement is a
4229** read-only no-op if the table already exists, but
4230** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() still returns false for such a statement.
4231*/
4232int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4233
4234/*
4235** CAPI3REF: Query The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement
4236** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4237**
4238** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 1 if the
4239** prepared statement S is an EXPLAIN statement, or 2 if the
4240** statement S is an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.
4241** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 0 if S is
4242** an ordinary statement or a NULL pointer.
4243*/
4244int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4245
4246/*
4247** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
4248** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4249**
4250** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
4251** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
4252** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
4253** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
4254** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
4255** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
4256** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
4257** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
4258**
4259** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
4260** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
4261** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
4262** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
4263** statements that are holding a transaction open.
4264*/
4265int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
4266
4267/*
4268** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
4269** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
4270**
4271** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
4272** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
4273** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
4274** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
4275**
4276** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
4277** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
4278** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4279** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
4280** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
4281** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
4282** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4283**
4284** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
4285** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
4286** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
4287** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
4288** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
4289** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
4290** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
4291** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
4292** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
4293** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
4294** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
4295** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
4296**
4297** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
4298** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
4299** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
4300** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
4301** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments
4302** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and
4303** [sqlite3_value_dup()].
4304** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
4305** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
4306*/
4307typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value;
4308
4309/*
4310** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
4311**
4312** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
4313** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
4314** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
4315** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
4316** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
4317** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
4318** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
4319** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
4320*/
4321typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
4322
4323/*
4324** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
4325** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
4326** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
4327** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4328**
4329** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
4330** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
4331** templates:
4332**
4333** <ul>
4334** <li>  ?
4335** <li>  ?NNN
4336** <li>  :VVV
4337** <li>  @VVV
4338** <li>  $VVV
4339** </ul>
4340**
4341** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
4342** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
4343** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
4344** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
4345**
4346** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
4347** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
4348** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
4349**
4350** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
4351** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
4352** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
4353** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
4354** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
4355** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
4356** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
4357** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
4358** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 32766).
4359**
4360** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
4361** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4362** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
4363** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
4364** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() is not NULL, then
4365** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF8 text.
4366** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text16() is not NULL, then
4367** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF16 text.
4368** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not NULL, then
4369** it should be a pointer to a well-formed unicode string that is
4370** either UTF8 if the sixth parameter is SQLITE_UTF8, or UTF16
4371** otherwise.
4372**
4373** [[byte-order determination rules]] ^The byte-order of
4374** UTF16 input text is determined by the byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF)
4375** found in first character, which is removed, or in the absence of a BOM
4376** the byte order is the native byte order of the host
4377** machine for sqlite3_bind_text16() or the byte order specified in
4378** the 6th parameter for sqlite3_bind_text64().)^
4379** ^If UTF16 input text contains invalid unicode
4380** characters, then SQLite might change those invalid characters
4381** into the unicode replacement character: U+FFFD.
4382**
4383** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
4384** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
4385** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
4386** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4387** is negative, then the length of the string is
4388** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
4389** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
4390** the behavior is undefined.
4391** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
4392** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
4393** that parameter must be the byte offset
4394** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
4395** terminated.  If any NUL characters occurs at byte offsets less than
4396** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
4397** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
4398** with embedded NULs is undefined.
4399**
4400** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces controls
4401** or indicates the lifetime of the object referenced by the third parameter.
4402** These three options exist:
4403** ^ (1) A destructor to dispose of the BLOB or string after SQLite has finished
4404** with it may be passed. ^It is called to dispose of the BLOB or string even
4405** if the call to the bind API fails, except the destructor is not called if
4406** the third parameter is a NULL pointer or the fourth parameter is negative.
4407** ^ (2) The special constant, [SQLITE_STATIC], may be passsed to indicate that
4408** the application remains responsible for disposing of the object. ^In this
4409** case, the object and the provided pointer to it must remain valid until
4410** either the prepared statement is finalized or the same SQL parameter is
4411** bound to something else, whichever occurs sooner.
4412** ^ (3) The constant, [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], may be passed to indicate that the
4413** object is to be copied prior to the return from sqlite3_bind_*(). ^The
4414** object and pointer to it must remain valid until then. ^SQLite will then
4415** manage the lifetime of its private copy.
4416**
4417** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
4418** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
4419** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
4420** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
4421** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
4422** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
4423** is undefined.
4424**
4425** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
4426** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
4427** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
4428** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
4429** content is later written using
4430** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
4431** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
4432**
4433** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in
4434** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be
4435** associated with the pointer P of type T.  ^D is either a NULL pointer or
4436** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the
4437** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using
4438** P.  The T parameter should be a static string, preferably a string
4439** literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is part of the
4440** [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
4441**
4442** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
4443** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
4444** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
4445** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
4446** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
4447** result is undefined and probably harmful.
4448**
4449** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
4450** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
4451**
4452** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
4453** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
4454** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
4455** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
4456** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
4457** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
4458** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
4459**
4460** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
4461** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4462*/
4463int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
4464int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
4465                        void(*)(void*));
4466int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
4467int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
4468int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
4469int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4470int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
4471int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4472int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
4473                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4474int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
4475int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*));
4476int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
4477int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
4478
4479/*
4480** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
4481** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4482**
4483** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
4484** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
4485** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
4486** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
4487** to the parameters at a later time.
4488**
4489** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
4490** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
4491** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
4492** there may be gaps in the list.)^
4493**
4494** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4495** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
4496** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4497*/
4498int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
4499
4500/*
4501** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
4502** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4503**
4504** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
4505** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
4506** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4507** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4508** respectively.
4509** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
4510** is included as part of the name.)^
4511** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
4512** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
4513**
4514** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
4515**
4516** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
4517** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
4518** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
4519** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()],
4520** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4521**
4522** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4523** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4524** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4525*/
4526const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4527
4528/*
4529** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
4530** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4531**
4532** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
4533** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
4534** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
4535** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
4536** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
4537** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or
4538** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4539**
4540** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4541** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4542** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
4543*/
4544int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
4545
4546/*
4547** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
4548** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4549**
4550** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
4551** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
4552** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
4553*/
4554int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
4555
4556/*
4557** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
4558** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4559**
4560** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
4561** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
4562** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
4563** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
4564** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
4565** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
4566** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
4567**
4568** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
4569*/
4570int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4571
4572/*
4573** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
4574** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4575**
4576** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
4577** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
4578** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
4579** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
4580** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
4581** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
4582** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
4583**
4584** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
4585** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4586** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4587** or until the next call to
4588** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
4589**
4590** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
4591** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
4592** NULL pointer is returned.
4593**
4594** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
4595** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
4596** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
4597** one release of SQLite to the next.
4598*/
4599const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4600const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4601
4602/*
4603** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
4604** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4605**
4606** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
4607** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
4608** [SELECT] statement.
4609** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
4610** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
4611** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
4612** the origin_ routines return the column name.
4613** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
4614** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4615** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4616** or until the same information is requested
4617** again in a different encoding.
4618**
4619** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
4620** database, table, and column.
4621**
4622** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
4623** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
4624** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
4625** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
4626**
4627** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
4628** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
4629** NULL.  ^These routines might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
4630** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
4631** or column that query result column was extracted from.
4632**
4633** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4634** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4635**
4636** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4637** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4638**
4639** If two or more threads call one or more
4640** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4641** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4642** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4643*/
4644const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4645const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4646const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4647const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4648const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4649const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4650
4651/*
4652** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4653** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4654**
4655** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4656** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4657** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4658** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4659** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4660** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4661** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4662**
4663** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4664**
4665** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4666**
4667** and the following statement to be compiled:
4668**
4669** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4670**
4671** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4672** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4673**
4674** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4675** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4676** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4677** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4678** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4679** used to hold those values.
4680*/
4681const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4682const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4683
4684/*
4685** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4686** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4687**
4688** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of
4689** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
4690** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy
4691** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4692** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4693**
4694** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4695** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces
4696** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()],
4697** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4698** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4699** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4700** interface will continue to be supported.
4701**
4702** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4703** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4704** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4705** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4706**
4707** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4708** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4709** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4710** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4711** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4712** continuing.
4713**
4714** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4715** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4716** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4717** machine back to its initial state.
4718**
4719** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4720** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4721** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4722** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4723**
4724** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4725** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4726** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4727** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4728** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4729** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4730** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4731** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4732**
4733** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4734** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4735** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4736** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4737** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4738** more threads at the same moment in time.
4739**
4740** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4741** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4742** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4743** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4744** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4745** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4746** sqlite3_step() began
4747** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4748** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4749** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4750** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4751** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4752**
4753** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4754** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4755** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4756** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4757** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4758** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4759** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4760** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
4761** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead
4762** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4763** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4764** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended.
4765*/
4766int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4767
4768/*
4769** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4770** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4771**
4772** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4773** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4774** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4775** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column()] family of
4776** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4777** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4778** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4779** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4780** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4781** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4782** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4783** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4784**
4785** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4786*/
4787int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4788
4789/*
4790** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4791** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4792**
4793** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4794**
4795** <ul>
4796** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4797** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4798** <li> string
4799** <li> BLOB
4800** <li> NULL
4801** </ul>)^
4802**
4803** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4804**
4805** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4806** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4807** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4808** SQLITE_TEXT.
4809*/
4810#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4811#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4812#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4813#define SQLITE_NULL     5
4814#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4815# undef SQLITE_TEXT
4816#else
4817# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4818#endif
4819#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4820
4821/*
4822** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4823** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4824** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4825**
4826** <b>Summary:</b>
4827** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
4828** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB result
4829** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL result
4830** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER result
4831** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER result
4832** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT result
4833** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT result
4834** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an
4835** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
4836** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
4837** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
4838** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes
4839** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4840** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
4841** TEXT in bytes
4842** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
4843** datatype of the result
4844** </table></blockquote>
4845**
4846** <b>Details:</b>
4847**
4848** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4849** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4850** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4851** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4852** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4853** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4854** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4855** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4856**
4857** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4858** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4859** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4860** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4861** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4862** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4863** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4864** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4865** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4866** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4867** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4868**
4869** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16)
4870** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format.  If
4871** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example,
4872** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface
4873** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed.
4874**
4875** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4876** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4877** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4878** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].
4879** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which
4880** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value.
4881** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no
4882** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question.
4883** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type()
4884** is undefined, though harmless.  Future
4885** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4886** following a type conversion.
4887**
4888** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4889** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size
4890** of that BLOB or string.
4891**
4892** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4893** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4894** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4895** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4896** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4897** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4898** the number of bytes in that string.
4899** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4900**
4901** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4902** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4903** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4904** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4905** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4906** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4907** the number of bytes in that string.
4908** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4909**
4910** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4911** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4912** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4913** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4914** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4915**
4916** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4917** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4918** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4919**
4920** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4921** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4922** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4923** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4924** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4925** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4926** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4927** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4928** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface
4929** is normally only useful within the implementation of
4930** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within
4931** top-level application code.
4932**
4933** The these routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result.
4934** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4935** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4936** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4937** that are applied:
4938**
4939** <blockquote>
4940** <table border="1">
4941** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4942**
4943** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4944** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4945** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4946** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4947** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4948** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4949** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4950** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4951** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4952** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4953** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4954** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4955** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4956** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4957** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4958** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4959** </table>
4960** </blockquote>)^
4961**
4962** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4963** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4964** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4965** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4966** in the following cases:
4967**
4968** <ul>
4969** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4970**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4971**      need to be added to the string.</li>
4972** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4973**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4974**      to UTF-16.</li>
4975** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4976**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4977**      to UTF-8.</li>
4978** </ul>
4979**
4980** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4981** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4982** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4983** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4984** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4985**
4986** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4987** in one of the following ways:
4988**
4989** <ul>
4990**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4991**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4992**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4993** </ul>
4994**
4995** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4996** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4997** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4998** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4999** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
5000** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
5001** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
5002**
5003** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
5004** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
5005** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
5006** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do not pass the pointers returned
5007** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
5008** [sqlite3_free()].
5009**
5010** As long as the input parameters are correct, these routines will only
5011** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
5012** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
5013** errors:
5014**
5015** <ul>
5016** <li> sqlite3_column_blob()
5017** <li> sqlite3_column_text()
5018** <li> sqlite3_column_text16()
5019** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes()
5020** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes16()
5021** </ul>
5022**
5023** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
5024** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
5025** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
5026** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
5027** return value is obtained and before any
5028** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
5029*/
5030const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5031double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5032int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5033sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5034const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5035const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5036sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5037int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5038int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5039int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5040
5041/*
5042** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
5043** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
5044**
5045** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
5046** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
5047** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
5048** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
5049** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
5050** [extended error code].
5051**
5052** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
5053** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
5054** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
5055** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
5056** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
5057** completed execution.
5058**
5059** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
5060**
5061** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
5062** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
5063** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
5064** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
5065** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
5066*/
5067int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5068
5069/*
5070** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
5071** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5072**
5073** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
5074** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
5075** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
5076** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
5077** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
5078**
5079** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
5080** back to the beginning of its program.
5081**
5082** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5083** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
5084** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
5085** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
5086**
5087** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5088** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
5089** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
5090**
5091** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
5092** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
5093*/
5094int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5095
5096/*
5097** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
5098** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
5099** METHOD: sqlite3
5100**
5101** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
5102** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
5103** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between
5104** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding
5105** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being
5106** created) and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
5107** the application data pointer. Function sqlite3_create_window_function()
5108** is similar, but allows the user to supply the extra callback functions
5109** needed by [aggregate window functions].
5110**
5111** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
5112** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
5113** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
5114** to each database connection separately.
5115**
5116** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
5117** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
5118** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
5119** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
5120** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
5121** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
5122**
5123** ^The third parameter (nArg)
5124** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
5125** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
5126** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
5127** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
5128** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
5129** undefined.
5130**
5131** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
5132** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
5133** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
5134** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
5135** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
5136** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
5137** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
5138** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
5139** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
5140** each encoding.
5141** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
5142** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
5143**
5144** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
5145** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
5146** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
5147** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
5148** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
5149** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
5150** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
5151**
5152** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
5153** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from
5154** within VIEWs, TRIGGERs, CHECK constraints, generated column expressions,
5155** index expressions, or the WHERE clause of partial indexes.
5156**
5157** For best security, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY] flag is recommended for
5158** all application-defined SQL functions that do not need to be
5159** used inside of triggers, view, CHECK constraints, or other elements of
5160** the database schema.  This flags is especially recommended for SQL
5161** functions that have side effects or reveal internal application state.
5162** Without this flag, an attacker might be able to modify the schema of
5163** a database file to include invocations of the function with parameters
5164** chosen by the attacker, which the application will then execute when
5165** the database file is opened and read.
5166**
5167** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
5168** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
5169**
5170** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three
5171** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
5172** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
5173** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
5174** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
5175** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
5176** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
5177** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
5178** callbacks.
5179**
5180** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue
5181** and xInverse) passed to sqlite3_create_window_function are pointers to
5182** C-language callbacks that implement the new function. xStep and xFinal
5183** must both be non-NULL. xValue and xInverse may either both be NULL, in
5184** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be
5185** non-NULL, in which case the new function may be used as either an aggregate
5186** or aggregate window function. More details regarding the implementation
5187** of aggregate window functions are
5188** [user-defined window functions|available here].
5189**
5190** ^(If the final parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() or
5191** sqlite3_create_window_function() is not NULL, then it is destructor for
5192** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function
5193** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection
5194** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
5195** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.  ^When the destructor callback is
5196** invoked, it is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application
5197** data pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
5198**
5199** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
5200** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
5201** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
5202** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
5203** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
5204** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
5205** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
5206** matches the database encoding is a better
5207** match than a function where the encoding is different.
5208** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
5209** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
5210** between UTF8 and UTF16.
5211**
5212** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
5213**
5214** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
5215** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
5216** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
5217** statement in which the function is running.
5218*/
5219int sqlite3_create_function(
5220  sqlite3 *db,
5221  const char *zFunctionName,
5222  int nArg,
5223  int eTextRep,
5224  void *pApp,
5225  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5226  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5227  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5228);
5229int sqlite3_create_function16(
5230  sqlite3 *db,
5231  const void *zFunctionName,
5232  int nArg,
5233  int eTextRep,
5234  void *pApp,
5235  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5236  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5237  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5238);
5239int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
5240  sqlite3 *db,
5241  const char *zFunctionName,
5242  int nArg,
5243  int eTextRep,
5244  void *pApp,
5245  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5246  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5247  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5248  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5249);
5250int sqlite3_create_window_function(
5251  sqlite3 *db,
5252  const char *zFunctionName,
5253  int nArg,
5254  int eTextRep,
5255  void *pApp,
5256  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5257  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5258  void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*),
5259  void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5260  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5261);
5262
5263/*
5264** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
5265**
5266** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
5267** text encodings supported by SQLite.
5268*/
5269#define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
5270#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
5271#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
5272#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
5273#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
5274#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
5275
5276/*
5277** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
5278**
5279** These constants may be ORed together with the
5280** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
5281** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
5282** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
5283**
5284** <dl>
5285** [[SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]] <dt>SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC</dt><dd>
5286** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function always gives
5287** the same output when the input parameters are the same.
5288** The [abs|abs() function] is deterministic, for example, but
5289** [randomblob|randomblob()] is not.  Functions must
5290** be deterministic in order to be used in certain contexts such as
5291** with the WHERE clause of [partial indexes] or in [generated columns].
5292** SQLite might also optimize deterministic functions by factoring them
5293** out of inner loops.
5294** </dd>
5295**
5296** [[SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]] <dt>SQLITE_DIRECTONLY</dt><dd>
5297** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
5298** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs nor in
5299** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5300** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], or [generated columns].
5301** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flags is a security feature which is recommended
5302** for all [application-defined SQL functions], and especially for functions
5303** that have side-effects or that could potentially leak sensitive
5304** information.
5305** </dd>
5306**
5307** [[SQLITE_INNOCUOUS]] <dt>SQLITE_INNOCUOUS</dt><dd>
5308** The SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag means that the function is unlikely
5309** to cause problems even if misused.  An innocuous function should have
5310** no side effects and should not depend on any values other than its
5311** input parameters. The [abs|abs() function] is an example of an
5312** innocuous function.
5313** The [load_extension() SQL function] is not innocuous because of its
5314** side effects.
5315** <p> SQLITE_INNOCUOUS is similar to SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, but is not
5316** exactly the same.  The [random|random() function] is an example of a
5317** function that is innocuous but not deterministic.
5318** <p>Some heightened security settings
5319** ([SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA] and [PRAGMA trusted_schema=OFF])
5320** disable the use of SQL functions inside views and triggers and in
5321** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5322** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], and [generated columns] unless
5323** the function is tagged with SQLITE_INNOCUOUS.  Most built-in functions
5324** are innocuous.  Developers are advised to avoid using the
5325** SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag for application-defined functions unless the
5326** function has been carefully audited and found to be free of potentially
5327** security-adverse side-effects and information-leaks.
5328** </dd>
5329**
5330** [[SQLITE_SUBTYPE]] <dt>SQLITE_SUBTYPE</dt><dd>
5331** The SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function may call
5332** [sqlite3_value_subtype()] to inspect the sub-types of its arguments.
5333** Specifying this flag makes no difference for scalar or aggregate user
5334** functions. However, if it is not specified for a user-defined window
5335** function, then any sub-types belonging to arguments passed to the window
5336** function may be discarded before the window function is called (i.e.
5337** sqlite3_value_subtype() will always return 0).
5338** </dd>
5339** </dl>
5340*/
5341#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x000000800
5342#define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY       0x000080000
5343#define SQLITE_SUBTYPE          0x000100000
5344#define SQLITE_INNOCUOUS        0x000200000
5345
5346/*
5347** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
5348** DEPRECATED
5349**
5350** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
5351** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
5352** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
5353** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
5354** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
5355*/
5356#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
5357SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
5358SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
5359SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
5360SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
5361SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
5362SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
5363                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
5364#endif
5365
5366/*
5367** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
5368** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5369**
5370** <b>Summary:</b>
5371** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
5372** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB value
5373** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL value
5374** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER value
5375** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER value
5376** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_pointer</b><td>&rarr;<td>Pointer value
5377** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT value
5378** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT value in
5379** the native byteorder
5380** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16be</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16be TEXT value
5381** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16le</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16le TEXT value
5382** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
5383** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
5384** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes
5385** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5386** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
5387** TEXT in bytes
5388** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
5389** datatype of the value
5390** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_numeric_type&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5391** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Best numeric datatype of the value
5392** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_nochange&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5393** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE
5394** against a virtual table.
5395** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_frombind&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5396** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if value originated from a [bound parameter]
5397** </table></blockquote>
5398**
5399** <b>Details:</b>
5400**
5401** These routines extract type, size, and content information from
5402** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  Protected sqlite3_value objects
5403** are used to pass parameter information into the functions that
5404** implement [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables].
5405**
5406** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
5407** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
5408** is not threadsafe.
5409**
5410** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
5411** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
5412** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
5413**
5414** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
5415** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
5416** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
5417** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
5418**
5419** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized
5420** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)]
5421** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y),
5422** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P.  ^Otherwise,
5423** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer()
5424** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5425**
5426** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the
5427** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the
5428** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
5429** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^
5430** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object.
5431** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and
5432** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that
5433** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return
5434** SQLITE_TEXT.  Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion
5435** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next.
5436**
5437** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
5438** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
5439** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
5440** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
5441** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
5442** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
5443** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
5444**
5445** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the
5446** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if
5447** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation
5448** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if
5449** and the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extracted
5450** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably
5451** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column
5452** was unchanging).  ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which
5453** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear
5454** to be a NULL value.  If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other
5455** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then
5456** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless.
5457**
5458** ^The sqlite3_value_frombind(X) interface returns non-zero if the
5459** value X originated from one of the [sqlite3_bind_int|sqlite3_bind()]
5460** interfaces.  ^If X comes from an SQL literal value, or a table column,
5461** or an expression, then sqlite3_value_frombind(X) returns zero.
5462**
5463** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
5464** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
5465** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
5466** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
5467** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
5468**
5469** These routines must be called from the same thread as
5470** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
5471**
5472** As long as the input parameter is correct, these routines can only
5473** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
5474** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
5475** errors:
5476**
5477** <ul>
5478** <li> sqlite3_value_blob()
5479** <li> sqlite3_value_text()
5480** <li> sqlite3_value_text16()
5481** <li> sqlite3_value_text16le()
5482** <li> sqlite3_value_text16be()
5483** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes()
5484** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes16()
5485** </ul>
5486**
5487** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
5488** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
5489** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
5490** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
5491** return value is obtained and before any
5492** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
5493*/
5494const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
5495double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
5496int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
5497sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
5498void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*);
5499const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
5500const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
5501const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
5502const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
5503int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
5504int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
5505int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
5506int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
5507int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*);
5508int sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_value*);
5509
5510/*
5511** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
5512** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5513**
5514** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
5515** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
5516** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
5517** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
5518** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
5519*/
5520unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
5521
5522/*
5523** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
5524** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5525**
5526** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5527** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
5528** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
5529** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
5530** memory allocation fails.
5531**
5532** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
5533** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
5534** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
5535*/
5536sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
5537void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
5538
5539/*
5540** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
5541** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5542**
5543** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
5544** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
5545**
5546** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
5547** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite allocates
5548** N bytes of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
5549** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
5550** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
5551** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
5552** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
5553** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
5554** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
5555** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
5556** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
5557** first time from within xFinal().)^
5558**
5559** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
5560** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
5561** allocate error occurs.
5562**
5563** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
5564** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
5565** value of N in any subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
5566** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
5567** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
5568** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
5569** pointless memory allocations occur.
5570**
5571** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
5572** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
5573**
5574** The first parameter must be a copy of the
5575** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
5576** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
5577** function.
5578**
5579** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5580** the aggregate SQL function is running.
5581*/
5582void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
5583
5584/*
5585** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
5586** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5587**
5588** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
5589** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
5590** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5591** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5592** registered the application defined function.
5593**
5594** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5595** the application-defined function is running.
5596*/
5597void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
5598
5599/*
5600** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
5601** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5602**
5603** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
5604** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
5605** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5606** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5607** registered the application defined function.
5608*/
5609sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
5610
5611/*
5612** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
5613** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5614**
5615** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
5616** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
5617** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
5618** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
5619** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
5620** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
5621** metadata associated with the pattern string.
5622** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
5623** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
5624** invocations of the same function.
5625**
5626** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata
5627** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument
5628** value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero for the left-most
5629** function argument.  ^If there is no metadata
5630** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface
5631** returns a NULL pointer.
5632**
5633** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
5634** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
5635** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
5636** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
5637** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
5638** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
5639** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
5640** once, when the metadata is discarded.
5641** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
5642** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
5643** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
5644**      SQL statement)^, or
5645** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
5646**       parameter)^, or
5647** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
5648**      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
5649**
5650** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
5651** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
5652** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
5653** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
5654** function implementation should not make any use of P after
5655** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
5656**
5657** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
5658** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
5659** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
5660**
5661** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative.
5662** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new
5663** kinds of function caching behavior.
5664**
5665** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
5666** the SQL function is running.
5667*/
5668void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
5669void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
5670
5671
5672/*
5673** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
5674**
5675** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
5676** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
5677** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
5678** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
5679** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
5680** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
5681** the content before returning.
5682**
5683** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
5684** C++ compilers.
5685*/
5686typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
5687#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
5688#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
5689
5690/*
5691** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
5692** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5693**
5694** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
5695** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
5696** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
5697** for additional information.
5698**
5699** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
5700** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
5701** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
5702**
5703** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
5704** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
5705** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
5706** third parameter.
5707**
5708** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
5709** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
5710** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
5711**
5712** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
5713** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
5714** by its 2nd argument.
5715**
5716** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
5717** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
5718** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
5719** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
5720** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
5721** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
5722** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 using
5723** the same [byte-order determination rules] as [sqlite3_bind_text16()].
5724** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
5725** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
5726** message all text up through the first zero character.
5727** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
5728** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
5729** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
5730** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
5731** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
5732** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
5733** modify the text after they return without harm.
5734** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
5735** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
5736** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
5737** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
5738**
5739** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5740** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
5741**
5742** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5743** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
5744**
5745** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
5746** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
5747** value given in the 2nd argument.
5748** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
5749** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
5750** value given in the 2nd argument.
5751**
5752** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
5753** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
5754**
5755** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
5756** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
5757** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
5758** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
5759** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
5760** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
5761** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
5762** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
5763** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
5764** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
5765** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
5766** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5767** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
5768** through the first zero character.
5769** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5770** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
5771** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
5772** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
5773** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
5774** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
5775** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
5776** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
5777** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
5778** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5779** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
5780** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
5781** finished using that result.
5782** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
5783** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
5784** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
5785** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
5786** when it has finished using that result.
5787** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5788** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
5789** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained
5790** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
5791**
5792** ^For the sqlite3_result_text16(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5793** sqlite3_result_text16be() routines, and for sqlite3_result_text64()
5794** when the encoding is not UTF8, if the input UTF16 begins with a
5795** byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF) then the BOM is removed from the
5796** string and the rest of the string is interpreted according to the
5797** byte-order specified by the BOM.  ^The byte-order specified by
5798** the BOM at the beginning of the text overrides the byte-order
5799** specified by the interface procedure.  ^So, for example, if
5800** sqlite3_result_text16le() is invoked with text that begins
5801** with bytes 0xfe, 0xff (a big-endian byte-order mark) then the
5802** first two bytes of input are skipped and the remaining input
5803** is interpreted as UTF16BE text.
5804**
5805** ^For UTF16 input text to the sqlite3_result_text16(),
5806** sqlite3_result_text16be(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5807** sqlite3_result_text64() routines, if the text contains invalid
5808** UTF16 characters, the invalid characters might be converted
5809** into the unicode replacement character, U+FFFD.
5810**
5811** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
5812** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
5813** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
5814** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5815** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
5816** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
5817** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
5818** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
5819** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
5820**
5821** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an
5822** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it
5823** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that
5824** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an
5825** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()].
5826** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor
5827** for the P parameter.  ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument
5828** when SQLite is finished with P.  The T parameter should be a static
5829** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer()
5830** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5831**
5832** If these routines are called from within the different thread
5833** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
5834** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
5835*/
5836void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5837void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
5838                           sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
5839void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
5840void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
5841void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
5842void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
5843void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
5844void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
5845void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
5846void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
5847void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
5848void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
5849void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
5850                           void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
5851void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5852void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5853void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5854void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
5855void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*));
5856void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
5857int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
5858
5859
5860/*
5861** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
5862** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5863**
5864** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
5865** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
5866** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
5867** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
5868** higher order bits are discarded.
5869** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
5870** in future releases of SQLite.
5871*/
5872void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
5873
5874/*
5875** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
5876** METHOD: sqlite3
5877**
5878** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
5879** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
5880**
5881** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
5882** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
5883** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
5884** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
5885** considered to be the same name.
5886**
5887** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
5888** <ul>
5889** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
5890** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
5891** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5892** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
5893** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
5894** </ul>)^
5895** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
5896** to the collating function callback, xCompare.
5897** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
5898** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
5899** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
5900** on an even byte address.
5901**
5902** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5903** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5904**
5905** ^The fifth argument, xCompare, is a pointer to the collating function.
5906** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5907** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5908** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5909** ^If the xCompare argument is NULL then the collating function is
5910** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5911** that collation is no longer usable.
5912**
5913** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5914** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5915** by the eTextRep argument.  The two integer parameters to the collating
5916** function callback are the length of the two strings, in bytes. The collating
5917** function must return an integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5918** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5919** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5920** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5921** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5922** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5923** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5924** strings A, B, and C:
5925**
5926** <ol>
5927** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5928** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5929** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5930** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5931** </ol>
5932**
5933** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5934** collating function is registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5935** is undefined.
5936**
5937** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5938** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5939** the collating function is deleted.
5940** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5941** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5942** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5943**
5944** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5945** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5946** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5947** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5948** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5949** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5950** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5951** compatibility.
5952**
5953** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5954*/
5955int sqlite3_create_collation(
5956  sqlite3*,
5957  const char *zName,
5958  int eTextRep,
5959  void *pArg,
5960  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5961);
5962int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5963  sqlite3*,
5964  const char *zName,
5965  int eTextRep,
5966  void *pArg,
5967  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5968  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5969);
5970int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5971  sqlite3*,
5972  const void *zName,
5973  int eTextRep,
5974  void *pArg,
5975  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5976);
5977
5978/*
5979** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5980** METHOD: sqlite3
5981**
5982** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5983** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5984** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5985** sequence is required.
5986**
5987** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5988** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5989** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5990** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5991** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5992**
5993** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5994** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5995** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5996** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5997** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5998** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5999** required collation sequence.)^
6000**
6001** The callback function should register the desired collation using
6002** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
6003** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
6004*/
6005int sqlite3_collation_needed(
6006  sqlite3*,
6007  void*,
6008  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
6009);
6010int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
6011  sqlite3*,
6012  void*,
6013  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
6014);
6015
6016#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
6017/*
6018** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
6019** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
6020*/
6021void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
6022  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
6023);
6024#endif
6025
6026/*
6027** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
6028**
6029** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
6030** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
6031**
6032** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
6033** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
6034** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
6035** requested from the operating system is returned.
6036**
6037** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
6038** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
6039** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
6040** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
6041** in the previous paragraphs.
6042*/
6043int sqlite3_sleep(int);
6044
6045/*
6046** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
6047**
6048** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6049** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
6050** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
6051** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
6052** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
6053** temporary file directory.
6054**
6055** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
6056** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
6057** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
6058** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
6059** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
6060** be avoided in new projects.
6061**
6062** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6063** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6064** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6065** thread.
6066** It is intended that this variable be set once
6067** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6068** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6069** thereafter.
6070**
6071** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6072** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6073** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6074** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6075** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6076** using [sqlite3_free].
6077** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6078** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6079** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6080** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
6081** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
6082** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
6083** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
6084** objects have been destroyed.
6085**
6086** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
6087** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
6088** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
6089** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
6090**
6091** <blockquote><pre>
6092** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
6093** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
6094** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
6095** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
6096** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
6097** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
6098** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
6099** </pre></blockquote>
6100*/
6101SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
6102
6103/*
6104** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
6105**
6106** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6107** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
6108** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
6109** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
6110** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
6111** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
6112** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
6113** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
6114** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
6115**
6116** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
6117** open can result in a corrupt database.
6118**
6119** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6120** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6121** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6122** thread.
6123** It is intended that this variable be set once
6124** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6125** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6126** thereafter.
6127**
6128** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6129** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6130** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6131** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6132** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6133** using [sqlite3_free].
6134** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6135** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6136** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6137*/
6138SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
6139
6140/*
6141** CAPI3REF: Win32 Specific Interface
6142**
6143** These interfaces are available only on Windows.  The
6144** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface is used to set the value associated
6145** with the [sqlite3_temp_directory] or [sqlite3_data_directory] variable, to
6146** zValue, depending on the value of the type parameter.  The zValue parameter
6147** should be NULL to cause the previous value to be freed via [sqlite3_free];
6148** a non-NULL value will be copied into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6149** prior to being used.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface returns
6150** [SQLITE_OK] to indicate success, [SQLITE_ERROR] if the type is unsupported,
6151** or [SQLITE_NOMEM] if memory could not be allocated.  The value of the
6152** [sqlite3_data_directory] variable is intended to act as a replacement for
6153** the current directory on the sub-platforms of Win32 where that concept is
6154** not present, e.g. WinRT and UWP.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory8] and
6155** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory16] interfaces behave exactly the same as the
6156** sqlite3_win32_set_directory interface except the string parameter must be
6157** UTF-8 or UTF-16, respectively.
6158*/
6159int sqlite3_win32_set_directory(
6160  unsigned long type, /* Identifier for directory being set or reset */
6161  void *zValue        /* New value for directory being set or reset */
6162);
6163int sqlite3_win32_set_directory8(unsigned long type, const char *zValue);
6164int sqlite3_win32_set_directory16(unsigned long type, const void *zValue);
6165
6166/*
6167** CAPI3REF: Win32 Directory Types
6168**
6169** These macros are only available on Windows.  They define the allowed values
6170** for the type argument to the [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface.
6171*/
6172#define SQLITE_WIN32_DATA_DIRECTORY_TYPE  1
6173#define SQLITE_WIN32_TEMP_DIRECTORY_TYPE  2
6174
6175/*
6176** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
6177** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
6178** METHOD: sqlite3
6179**
6180** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
6181** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
6182** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
6183** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
6184** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
6185**
6186** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
6187** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
6188** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
6189** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
6190** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
6191** an error is to use this function.
6192**
6193** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
6194** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
6195** is undefined.
6196*/
6197int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
6198
6199/*
6200** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
6201** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
6202**
6203** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
6204** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
6205** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
6206** that was the first argument
6207** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
6208** create the statement in the first place.
6209*/
6210sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
6211
6212/*
6213** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
6214** METHOD: sqlite3
6215**
6216** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to the filename
6217** associated with database N of connection D.
6218** ^If there is no attached database N on the database
6219** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
6220** this function will return either a NULL pointer or an empty string.
6221**
6222** ^The string value returned by this routine is owned and managed by
6223** the database connection.  ^The value will be valid until the database N
6224** is [DETACH]-ed or until the database connection closes.
6225**
6226** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
6227** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
6228** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
6229** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
6230**
6231** If the filename pointer returned by this routine is not NULL, then it
6232** can be used as the filename input parameter to these routines:
6233** <ul>
6234** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()]
6235** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()]
6236** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()]
6237** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()]
6238** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()]
6239** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()]
6240** </ul>
6241*/
6242const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6243
6244/*
6245** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
6246** METHOD: sqlite3
6247**
6248** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
6249** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
6250** the name of a database on connection D.
6251*/
6252int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6253
6254/*
6255** CAPI3REF: Determine the transaction state of a database
6256** METHOD: sqlite3
6257**
6258** ^The sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) interface returns the current
6259** [transaction state] of schema S in database connection D.  ^If S is NULL,
6260** then the highest transaction state of any schema on database connection D
6261** is returned.  Transaction states are (in order of lowest to highest):
6262** <ol>
6263** <li value="0"> SQLITE_TXN_NONE
6264** <li value="1"> SQLITE_TXN_READ
6265** <li value="2"> SQLITE_TXN_WRITE
6266** </ol>
6267** ^If the S argument to sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) is not the name of
6268** a valid schema, then -1 is returned.
6269*/
6270int sqlite3_txn_state(sqlite3*,const char *zSchema);
6271
6272/*
6273** CAPI3REF: Allowed return values from [sqlite3_txn_state()]
6274** KEYWORDS: {transaction state}
6275**
6276** These constants define the current transaction state of a database file.
6277** ^The [sqlite3_txn_state(D,S)] interface returns one of these
6278** constants in order to describe the transaction state of schema S
6279** in [database connection] D.
6280**
6281** <dl>
6282** [[SQLITE_TXN_NONE]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_NONE</dt>
6283** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_NONE state means that no transaction is currently
6284** pending.</dd>
6285**
6286** [[SQLITE_TXN_READ]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_READ</dt>
6287** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_READ state means that the database is currently
6288** in a read transaction.  Content has been read from the database file
6289** but nothing in the database file has changed.  The transaction state
6290** will advanced to SQLITE_TXN_WRITE if any changes occur and there are
6291** no other conflicting concurrent write transactions.  The transaction
6292** state will revert to SQLITE_TXN_NONE following a [ROLLBACK] or
6293** [COMMIT].</dd>
6294**
6295** [[SQLITE_TXN_WRITE]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_WRITE</dt>
6296** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_WRITE state means that the database is currently
6297** in a write transaction.  Content has been written to the database file
6298** but has not yet committed.  The transaction state will change to
6299** to SQLITE_TXN_NONE at the next [ROLLBACK] or [COMMIT].</dd>
6300*/
6301#define SQLITE_TXN_NONE  0
6302#define SQLITE_TXN_READ  1
6303#define SQLITE_TXN_WRITE 2
6304
6305/*
6306** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
6307** METHOD: sqlite3
6308**
6309** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
6310** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
6311** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
6312** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
6313** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
6314**
6315** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
6316** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
6317** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
6318*/
6319sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
6320
6321/*
6322** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
6323** METHOD: sqlite3
6324**
6325** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
6326** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
6327** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
6328** for the same database connection is overridden.
6329** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
6330** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
6331** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
6332** for the same database connection is overridden.
6333** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
6334** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
6335** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
6336**
6337** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
6338** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
6339** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6340** the first call for each function on D.
6341**
6342** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
6343** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
6344** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
6345** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6346** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
6347** or rollback hook in the first place.
6348** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
6349** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
6350** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6351**
6352** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
6353**
6354** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
6355** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
6356** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
6357** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
6358** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
6359**
6360** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
6361** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
6362** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
6363** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
6364** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
6365**
6366** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
6367*/
6368void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
6369void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
6370
6371/*
6372** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
6373** METHOD: sqlite3
6374**
6375** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
6376** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
6377** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
6378** a [rowid table].
6379** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
6380** for the same database connection is overridden.
6381**
6382** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
6383** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
6384** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
6385** to sqlite3_update_hook().
6386** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
6387** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
6388** to be invoked.
6389** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
6390** database and table name containing the affected row.
6391** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
6392** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
6393**
6394** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
6395** modified (i.e. sqlite_sequence).)^
6396** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
6397**
6398** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
6399** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
6400** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
6401** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
6402** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
6403** release of SQLite.
6404**
6405** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
6406** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
6407** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6408** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
6409** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
6410** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6411**
6412** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
6413** returns the P argument from the previous call
6414** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6415** the first call on D.
6416**
6417** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
6418** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
6419*/
6420void *sqlite3_update_hook(
6421  sqlite3*,
6422  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
6423  void*
6424);
6425
6426/*
6427** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
6428**
6429** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
6430** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
6431** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
6432** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
6433**
6434** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
6435** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
6436** In prior versions of SQLite,
6437** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
6438**
6439** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
6440** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
6441** Existing database connections continue to use the sharing mode
6442** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
6443**
6444** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
6445** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
6446**
6447** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. It is recommended that it stay
6448** that way.  In other words, do not use this routine.  This interface
6449** continues to be provided for historical compatibility, but its use is
6450** discouraged.  Any use of shared cache is discouraged.  If shared cache
6451** must be used, it is recommended that shared cache only be enabled for
6452** individual database connections using the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface
6453** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag.
6454**
6455** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
6456** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
6457** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
6458** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
6459**
6460** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
6461** 32-bit integer is atomic.
6462**
6463** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
6464*/
6465int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
6466
6467/*
6468** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
6469**
6470** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
6471** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
6472** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
6473** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
6474** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
6475** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
6476** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
6477** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
6478**
6479** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
6480*/
6481int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
6482
6483/*
6484** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
6485** METHOD: sqlite3
6486**
6487** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
6488** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
6489** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
6490** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
6491** omitted.
6492**
6493** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
6494*/
6495int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
6496
6497/*
6498** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
6499**
6500** These interfaces impose limits on the amount of heap memory that will be
6501** by all database connections within a single process.
6502**
6503** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
6504** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
6505** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
6506** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
6507** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
6508** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
6509** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
6510** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
6511** is advisory only.
6512**
6513** ^The sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface sets a hard upper bound of
6514** N bytes on the amount of memory that will be allocated.  ^The
6515** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface is similar to
6516** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(N) except that memory allocations will fail
6517** when the hard heap limit is reached.
6518**
6519** ^The return value from both sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() and
6520** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64() is the size of
6521** the heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
6522** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
6523** then no change is made to the heap limit.  Hence, the current
6524** size of heap limits can be determined by invoking
6525** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1) or sqlite3_hard_heap_limit(-1).
6526**
6527** ^Setting the heap limits to zero disables the heap limiter mechanism.
6528**
6529** ^The soft heap limit may not be greater than the hard heap limit.
6530** ^If the hard heap limit is enabled and if sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)
6531** is invoked with a value of N that is greater than the hard heap limit,
6532** the the soft heap limit is set to the value of the hard heap limit.
6533** ^The soft heap limit is automatically enabled whenever the hard heap
6534** limit is enabled. ^When sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) is invoked and
6535** the soft heap limit is outside the range of 1..N, then the soft heap
6536** limit is set to N.  ^Invoking sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(0) when the
6537** hard heap limit is enabled makes the soft heap limit equal to the
6538** hard heap limit.
6539**
6540** The memory allocation limits can also be adjusted using
6541** [PRAGMA soft_heap_limit] and [PRAGMA hard_heap_limit].
6542**
6543** ^(The heap limits are not enforced in the current implementation
6544** if one or more of following conditions are true:
6545**
6546** <ul>
6547** <li> The limit value is set to zero.
6548** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
6549**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
6550**      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
6551** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
6552**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
6553** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
6554**      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
6555**      from the heap.
6556** </ul>)^
6557**
6558** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the heap limits may
6559** changes in future releases of SQLite.
6560*/
6561sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6562sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6563
6564/*
6565** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
6566** DEPRECATED
6567**
6568** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
6569** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
6570** only.  All new applications should use the
6571** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
6572*/
6573SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
6574
6575
6576/*
6577** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
6578** METHOD: sqlite3
6579**
6580** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
6581** information about column C of table T in database D
6582** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
6583** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
6584** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
6585** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
6586** SQLITE_ERROR if the specified column does not exist.
6587** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
6588** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
6589** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
6590** does not.  If the table name parameter T in a call to
6591** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is
6592** undefined behavior.
6593**
6594** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
6595** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
6596** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
6597** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
6598** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
6599** resolve unqualified table references.
6600**
6601** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
6602** name of the desired column, respectively.
6603**
6604** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
6605** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
6606** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
6607**
6608** ^(<blockquote>
6609** <table border="1">
6610** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
6611**
6612** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
6613** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
6614** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
6615** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
6616** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
6617** </table>
6618** </blockquote>)^
6619**
6620** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
6621** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
6622** call to any SQLite API function.
6623**
6624** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
6625**
6626** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
6627** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
6628** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
6629** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
6630** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
6631** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
6632**
6633** <pre>
6634**     data type: "INTEGER"
6635**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
6636**     not null: 0
6637**     primary key: 1
6638**     auto increment: 0
6639** </pre>)^
6640**
6641** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
6642** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
6643** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
6644*/
6645int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
6646  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
6647  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
6648  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
6649  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
6650  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
6651  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
6652  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
6653  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
6654  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
6655);
6656
6657/*
6658** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
6659** METHOD: sqlite3
6660**
6661** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
6662**
6663** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
6664** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
6665** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
6666** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
6667** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
6668** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
6669** be tried also.
6670**
6671** ^The entry point is zProc.
6672** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
6673** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
6674** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
6675** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
6676** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
6677** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
6678** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
6679** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
6680** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
6681** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
6682** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
6683** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
6684** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
6685**
6686** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
6687** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
6688** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
6689** prior to calling this API,
6690** otherwise an error will be returned.
6691**
6692** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
6693** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
6694** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
6695** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
6696** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6697** access to extension loading capabilities.
6698**
6699** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
6700*/
6701int sqlite3_load_extension(
6702  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
6703  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
6704  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
6705  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
6706);
6707
6708/*
6709** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
6710** METHOD: sqlite3
6711**
6712** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
6713** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
6714** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
6715** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
6716**
6717** ^Extension loading is off by default.
6718** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
6719** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
6720** it back off again.
6721**
6722** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
6723** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
6724** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
6725** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
6726**
6727** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
6728** be enabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
6729** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
6730** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6731** access to extension loading capabilities.
6732*/
6733int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
6734
6735/*
6736** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
6737**
6738** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
6739** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
6740** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
6741** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
6742**
6743** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
6744** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
6745** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
6746** entry point where as follows:
6747**
6748** <blockquote><pre>
6749** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
6750** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
6751** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
6752** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
6753** &nbsp;  );
6754** </pre></blockquote>)^
6755**
6756** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
6757** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
6758** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
6759** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
6760** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
6761** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
6762** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
6763**
6764** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
6765** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
6766** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
6767**
6768** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
6769** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
6770*/
6771int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6772
6773/*
6774** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
6775**
6776** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
6777** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
6778** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
6779** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
6780** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
6781** routines.
6782*/
6783int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6784
6785/*
6786** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
6787**
6788** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
6789** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
6790*/
6791void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
6792
6793/*
6794** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
6795** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6796** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6797**
6798** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6799** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6800*/
6801
6802/*
6803** Structures used by the virtual table interface
6804*/
6805typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
6806typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
6807typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
6808typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
6809
6810/*
6811** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
6812** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
6813**
6814** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
6815** defines the implementation of a [virtual table].
6816** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
6817**
6818** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
6819** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
6820** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
6821** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
6822** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
6823** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
6824** any database connection.
6825*/
6826struct sqlite3_module {
6827  int iVersion;
6828  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6829               int argc, const char *const*argv,
6830               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6831  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6832               int argc, const char *const*argv,
6833               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6834  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
6835  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6836  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6837  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
6838  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6839  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
6840                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
6841  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6842  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6843  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
6844  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
6845  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
6846  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6847  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6848  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6849  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6850  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
6851                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
6852                       void **ppArg);
6853  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
6854  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
6855  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
6856  int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6857  int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6858  int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6859  /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object.
6860  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */
6861  int (*xShadowName)(const char*);
6862};
6863
6864/*
6865** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
6866** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
6867**
6868** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
6869** of the [virtual table] interface to
6870** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
6871** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
6872** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
6873** results into the **Outputs** fields.
6874**
6875** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
6876**
6877** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
6878**
6879** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
6880** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
6881** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
6882** ^(The index of the column is stored in
6883** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
6884** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
6885** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
6886**
6887** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
6888** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
6889** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
6890** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
6891** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
6892**
6893** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
6894** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
6895**
6896** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
6897** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
6898** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
6899** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
6900** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
6901** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
6902** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
6903** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
6904** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
6905** non-zero.
6906**
6907** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
6908** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
6909** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
6910** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
6911** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
6912** virtual table and might not be checked again by the byte code.)^ ^(The
6913** aConstraintUsage[].omit flag is an optimization hint. When the omit flag
6914** is left in its default setting of false, the constraint will always be
6915** checked separately in byte code.  If the omit flag is change to true, then
6916** the constraint may or may not be checked in byte code.  In other words,
6917** when the omit flag is true there is no guarantee that the constraint will
6918** not be checked again using byte code.)^
6919**
6920** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
6921** [xFilter] method.
6922** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
6923** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
6924**
6925** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
6926** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
6927** sorting step is required.
6928**
6929** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
6930** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
6931** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
6932** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
6933** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
6934**
6935** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
6936** will be returned by the strategy.
6937**
6938** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
6939** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
6940** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
6941** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
6942**
6943** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
6944** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
6945** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
6946** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
6947** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
6948** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
6949** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
6950** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
6951** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
6952**
6953** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
6954** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
6955** If a virtual table extension is
6956** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
6957** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
6958** to include crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
6959** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
6960** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
6961** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
6962** It may therefore only be used if
6963** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
6964** 3009000.
6965*/
6966struct sqlite3_index_info {
6967  /* Inputs */
6968  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
6969  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
6970     int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
6971     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
6972     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
6973     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
6974  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
6975  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
6976  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
6977     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
6978     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
6979  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
6980  /* Outputs */
6981  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
6982    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
6983    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
6984  } *aConstraintUsage;
6985  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
6986  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
6987  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
6988  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
6989  double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
6990  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
6991  sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
6992  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
6993  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
6994  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
6995  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
6996};
6997
6998/*
6999** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
7000**
7001** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the
7002** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
7003** these bits.
7004*/
7005#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
7006
7007/*
7008** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
7009**
7010** These macros define the allowed values for the
7011** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
7012** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
7013** a query that uses a [virtual table].
7014*/
7015#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ         2
7016#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT         4
7017#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE         8
7018#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT        16
7019#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE        32
7020#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH     64
7021#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE      65
7022#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB      66
7023#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP    67
7024#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE        68
7025#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT     69
7026#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70
7027#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL    71
7028#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS        72
7029#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION 150
7030
7031/*
7032** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
7033** METHOD: sqlite3
7034**
7035** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
7036** ^Module names must be registered before
7037** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
7038** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
7039**
7040** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
7041** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
7042** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
7043** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
7044** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
7045** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
7046** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
7047**
7048** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
7049** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
7050** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
7051** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
7052** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
7053** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
7054** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
7055** destructor.
7056**
7057** ^If the third parameter (the pointer to the sqlite3_module object) is
7058** NULL then no new module is create and any existing modules with the
7059** same name are dropped.
7060**
7061** See also: [sqlite3_drop_modules()]
7062*/
7063int sqlite3_create_module(
7064  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
7065  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
7066  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
7067  void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
7068);
7069int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
7070  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
7071  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
7072  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
7073  void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
7074  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
7075);
7076
7077/*
7078** CAPI3REF: Remove Unnecessary Virtual Table Implementations
7079** METHOD: sqlite3
7080**
7081** ^The sqlite3_drop_modules(D,L) interface removes all virtual
7082** table modules from database connection D except those named on list L.
7083** The L parameter must be either NULL or a pointer to an array of pointers
7084** to strings where the array is terminated by a single NULL pointer.
7085** ^If the L parameter is NULL, then all virtual table modules are removed.
7086**
7087** See also: [sqlite3_create_module()]
7088*/
7089int sqlite3_drop_modules(
7090  sqlite3 *db,                /* Remove modules from this connection */
7091  const char **azKeep         /* Except, do not remove the ones named here */
7092);
7093
7094/*
7095** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
7096** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
7097**
7098** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
7099** of this object to describe a particular instance
7100** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
7101** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
7102** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
7103** common to all module implementations.
7104**
7105** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
7106** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
7107** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
7108** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
7109** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
7110** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
7111*/
7112struct sqlite3_vtab {
7113  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
7114  int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
7115  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
7116  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7117};
7118
7119/*
7120** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
7121** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
7122**
7123** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
7124** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
7125** [virtual table] and are used
7126** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
7127** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
7128** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
7129** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
7130** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
7131** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
7132**
7133** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
7134** are common to all implementations.
7135*/
7136struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
7137  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
7138  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7139};
7140
7141/*
7142** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
7143**
7144** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
7145** [virtual table module] call this interface
7146** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
7147** the virtual tables they implement.
7148*/
7149int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
7150
7151/*
7152** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
7153** METHOD: sqlite3
7154**
7155** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
7156** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
7157** But global versions of those functions
7158** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
7159**
7160** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
7161** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
7162** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
7163** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
7164** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
7165** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
7166** by a [virtual table].
7167*/
7168int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
7169
7170/*
7171** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
7172** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
7173** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
7174** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
7175**
7176** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
7177** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
7178*/
7179
7180/*
7181** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
7182** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
7183**
7184** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
7185** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
7186** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
7187** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7188** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
7189** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
7190** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
7191*/
7192typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
7193
7194/*
7195** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
7196** METHOD: sqlite3
7197** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7198**
7199** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
7200** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
7201** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
7202**
7203** <pre>
7204**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
7205** </pre>)^
7206**
7207** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
7208** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
7209** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
7210** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
7211** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
7212**
7213** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
7214** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
7215** read-only access.
7216**
7217** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
7218** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
7219** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
7220** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
7221** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
7222**
7223** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
7224** <ul>
7225**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
7226**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
7227**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
7228**   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
7229**   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
7230**   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
7231**         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
7232**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
7233**         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
7234**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
7235**         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
7236**         being opened for read/write access)^.
7237** </ul>
7238**
7239** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
7240** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7241** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7242**
7243** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
7244** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
7245** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
7246** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
7247** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
7248** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
7249**
7250** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
7251** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
7252** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
7253** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
7254** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
7255** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
7256** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7257** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
7258** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
7259** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
7260**
7261** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
7262** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
7263** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
7264** blob.
7265**
7266** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
7267** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
7268** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
7269**
7270** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
7271** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7272**
7273** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
7274** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
7275** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7276*/
7277int sqlite3_blob_open(
7278  sqlite3*,
7279  const char *zDb,
7280  const char *zTable,
7281  const char *zColumn,
7282  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
7283  int flags,
7284  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
7285);
7286
7287/*
7288** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
7289** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7290**
7291** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
7292** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
7293** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
7294** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
7295** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
7296** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
7297**
7298** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
7299** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
7300** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
7301** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
7302** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
7303** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
7304** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
7305** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
7306** always returns zero.
7307**
7308** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
7309*/
7310int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
7311
7312/*
7313** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
7314** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7315**
7316** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
7317** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
7318** handle is still closed.)^
7319**
7320** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
7321** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
7322** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
7323** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
7324** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
7325**
7326** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
7327** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
7328** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
7329** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
7330** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
7331** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
7332*/
7333int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
7334
7335/*
7336** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
7337** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7338**
7339** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
7340** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
7341** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
7342** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
7343**
7344** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7345** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7346** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7347** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7348*/
7349int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
7350
7351/*
7352** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
7353** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7354**
7355** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
7356** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
7357** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7358**
7359** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7360** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
7361** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
7362** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
7363** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
7364**
7365** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7366** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7367**
7368** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
7369** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7370**
7371** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7372** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7373** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7374** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7375**
7376** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7377*/
7378int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
7379
7380/*
7381** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
7382** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7383**
7384** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
7385** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
7386** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7387**
7388** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
7389** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7390** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
7391** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7392** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7393**
7394** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
7395** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
7396** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
7397**
7398** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
7399** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
7400** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7401** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
7402** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
7403** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
7404** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
7405**
7406** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7407** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
7408** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
7409** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
7410** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
7411** or by other independent statements.
7412**
7413** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7414** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7415** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7416** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7417**
7418** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
7419*/
7420int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
7421
7422/*
7423** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
7424**
7425** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
7426** that SQLite uses to interact
7427** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
7428** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
7429** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
7430** The following interfaces are provided.
7431**
7432** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
7433** ^Names are case sensitive.
7434** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
7435** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
7436** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
7437**
7438** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
7439** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
7440** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
7441** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
7442** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
7443** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
7444** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
7445** then the behavior is undefined.
7446**
7447** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
7448** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
7449** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
7450*/
7451sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
7452int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
7453int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
7454
7455/*
7456** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
7457**
7458** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
7459** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
7460** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
7461** permitted to use any of these routines.
7462**
7463** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
7464** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
7465** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
7466** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
7467**
7468** <ul>
7469** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
7470** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
7471** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
7472** </ul>
7473**
7474** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
7475** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
7476** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
7477** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
7478** and Windows.
7479**
7480** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
7481** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
7482** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
7483** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
7484** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
7485** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
7486** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
7487**
7488** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
7489** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7490** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
7491** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
7492** integer constants:
7493**
7494** <ul>
7495** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7496** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7497** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN
7498** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
7499** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
7500** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
7501** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
7502** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
7503** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
7504** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
7505** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
7506** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
7507** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
7508** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
7509** </ul>
7510**
7511** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
7512** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
7513** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7514** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
7515** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
7516** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
7517** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
7518** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
7519** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
7520** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
7521**
7522** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
7523** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
7524** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
7525** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
7526** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
7527** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
7528** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
7529** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
7530**
7531** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7532** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7533** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
7534** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
7535** the same type number.
7536**
7537** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
7538** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
7539** mutex results in undefined behavior.
7540**
7541** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
7542** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
7543** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
7544** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
7545** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
7546** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
7547** In such cases, the
7548** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
7549** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
7550** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
7551**
7552** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
7553** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
7554** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
7555** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
7556** behavior.)^
7557**
7558** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
7559** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
7560** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
7561** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
7562**
7563** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
7564** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
7565** behave as no-ops.
7566**
7567** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
7568*/
7569sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
7570void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
7571void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
7572int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
7573void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
7574
7575/*
7576** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
7577**
7578** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
7579** used to allocate and use mutexes.
7580**
7581** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
7582** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
7583** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
7584** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
7585** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
7586** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
7587** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
7588** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
7589** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
7590**
7591** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
7592** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
7593** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
7594** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
7595**
7596** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
7597** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
7598** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
7599** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
7600** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
7601** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7602**
7603** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
7604** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
7605** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
7606**
7607** <ul>
7608**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
7609**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
7610**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
7611**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
7612**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
7613**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
7614**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
7615** </ul>)^
7616**
7617** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
7618** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
7619** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
7620** by this structure are not required to handle this case. The results
7621** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
7622** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
7623** it is passed a NULL pointer).
7624**
7625** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
7626** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
7627** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
7628** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
7629**
7630** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
7631** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
7632** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
7633** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
7634**
7635** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
7636** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
7637** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
7638** prior to returning.
7639*/
7640typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
7641struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
7642  int (*xMutexInit)(void);
7643  int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
7644  sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
7645  void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7646  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7647  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7648  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7649  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7650  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7651};
7652
7653/*
7654** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
7655**
7656** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
7657** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
7658** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
7659** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
7660** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
7661** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
7662** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
7663** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
7664**
7665** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
7666** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
7667**
7668** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
7669** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
7670** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
7671** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
7672**
7673** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
7674** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
7675** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
7676** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
7677** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
7678** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
7679** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
7680** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
7681*/
7682#ifndef NDEBUG
7683int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
7684int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
7685#endif
7686
7687/*
7688** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
7689**
7690** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
7691** which is one of these integer constants.
7692**
7693** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
7694** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
7695** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
7696*/
7697#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
7698#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
7699#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN      2
7700#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
7701#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
7702#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
7703#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
7704#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
7705#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
7706#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
7707#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
7708#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
7709#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
7710#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
7711#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
7712#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
7713
7714/* Legacy compatibility: */
7715#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
7716
7717
7718/*
7719** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
7720** METHOD: sqlite3
7721**
7722** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
7723** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
7724** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
7725** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
7726** routine returns a NULL pointer.
7727*/
7728sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
7729
7730/*
7731** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
7732** METHOD: sqlite3
7733** KEYWORDS: {file control}
7734**
7735** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
7736** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
7737** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
7738** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
7739** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
7740** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
7741** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
7742** main database file.
7743** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
7744** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
7745** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
7746** method becomes the return value of this routine.
7747**
7748** A few opcodes for [sqlite3_file_control()] are handled directly
7749** by the SQLite core and never invoke the
7750** sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
7751** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes
7752** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
7753** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  The
7754** [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] works similarly except that it returns
7755** the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file instead of
7756** the main database.  The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode returns
7757** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_vfs] object for the file.
7758** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] returns the data version counter
7759** from the pager.
7760**
7761** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
7762** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
7763** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
7764** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
7765** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
7766** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
7767** xFileControl method.
7768**
7769** See also: [file control opcodes]
7770*/
7771int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
7772
7773/*
7774** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
7775**
7776** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
7777** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
7778** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
7779** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
7780**
7781** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
7782** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
7783** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
7784**
7785** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
7786** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
7787** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
7788** operate consistently from one release to the next.
7789*/
7790int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
7791
7792/*
7793** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
7794**
7795** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
7796** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
7797**
7798** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
7799** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
7800** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
7801** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
7802*/
7803#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
7804#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
7805#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
7806#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7  /* NOT USED */
7807#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
7808#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
7809#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
7810#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
7811#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
7812#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
7813#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14  /* NOT USED */
7814#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
7815#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16  /* NOT USED */
7816#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17  /* NOT USED */
7817#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS      17
7818#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
7819#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
7820#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
7821#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
7822#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
7823#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
7824#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
7825#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
7826#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
7827#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE         26
7828#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL          27
7829#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED               28
7830#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS     29
7831#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT              30
7832#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS              31
7833#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE                    32
7834#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    32  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
7835
7836/*
7837** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking
7838**
7839** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords
7840** recognized by SQLite.  Applications can uses these routines to determine
7841** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example,
7842** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser.
7843**
7844** The sqlite3_keyword_count() interface returns the number of distinct
7845** keywords understood by SQLite.
7846**
7847** The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) interface finds the N-th keyword and
7848** makes *Z point to that keyword expressed as UTF8 and writes the number
7849** of bytes in the keyword into *L.  The string that *Z points to is not
7850** zero-terminated.  The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) routine returns
7851** SQLITE_OK if N is within bounds and SQLITE_ERROR if not. If either Z
7852** or L are NULL or invalid pointers then calls to
7853** sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) result in undefined behavior.
7854**
7855** The sqlite3_keyword_check(Z,L) interface checks to see whether or not
7856** the L-byte UTF8 identifier that Z points to is a keyword, returning non-zero
7857** if it is and zero if not.
7858**
7859** The parser used by SQLite is forgiving.  It is often possible to use
7860** a keyword as an identifier as long as such use does not result in a
7861** parsing ambiguity.  For example, the statement
7862** "CREATE TABLE BEGIN(REPLACE,PRAGMA,END);" is accepted by SQLite, and
7863** creates a new table named "BEGIN" with three columns named
7864** "REPLACE", "PRAGMA", and "END".  Nevertheless, best practice is to avoid
7865** using keywords as identifiers.  Common techniques used to avoid keyword
7866** name collisions include:
7867** <ul>
7868** <li> Put all identifier names inside double-quotes.  This is the official
7869**      SQL way to escape identifier names.
7870** <li> Put identifier names inside &#91;...&#93;.  This is not standard SQL,
7871**      but it is what SQL Server does and so lots of programmers use this
7872**      technique.
7873** <li> Begin every identifier with the letter "Z" as no SQL keywords start
7874**      with "Z".
7875** <li> Include a digit somewhere in every identifier name.
7876** </ul>
7877**
7878** Note that the number of keywords understood by SQLite can depend on
7879** compile-time options.  For example, "VACUUM" is not a keyword if
7880** SQLite is compiled with the [-DSQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM] option.  Also,
7881** new keywords may be added to future releases of SQLite.
7882*/
7883int sqlite3_keyword_count(void);
7884int sqlite3_keyword_name(int,const char**,int*);
7885int sqlite3_keyword_check(const char*,int);
7886
7887/*
7888** CAPI3REF: Dynamic String Object
7889** KEYWORDS: {dynamic string}
7890**
7891** An instance of the sqlite3_str object contains a dynamically-sized
7892** string under construction.
7893**
7894** The lifecycle of an sqlite3_str object is as follows:
7895** <ol>
7896** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is created using [sqlite3_str_new()].
7897** <li> ^Text is appended to the sqlite3_str object using various
7898** methods, such as [sqlite3_str_appendf()].
7899** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is destroyed and the string it created
7900** is returned using the [sqlite3_str_finish()] interface.
7901** </ol>
7902*/
7903typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;
7904
7905/*
7906** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
7907** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7908**
7909** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes
7910** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
7911** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to
7912** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
7913**
7914** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
7915** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
7916** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
7917** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from
7918** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for
7919** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
7920** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
7921** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
7922** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
7923**
7924** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
7925** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
7926** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
7927** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
7928** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
7929*/
7930sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3*);
7931
7932/*
7933** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Dynamic String
7934** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7935**
7936** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface destroys the sqlite3_str object X
7937** and returns a pointer to a memory buffer obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
7938** that contains the constructed string.  The calling application should
7939** pass the returned value to [sqlite3_free()] to avoid a memory leak.
7940** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface may return a NULL pointer if any
7941** errors were encountered during construction of the string.  ^The
7942** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface will also return a NULL pointer if the
7943** string in [sqlite3_str] object X is zero bytes long.
7944*/
7945char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
7946
7947/*
7948** CAPI3REF: Add Content To A Dynamic String
7949** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7950**
7951** These interfaces add content to an sqlite3_str object previously obtained
7952** from [sqlite3_str_new()].
7953**
7954** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and
7955** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf]
7956** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of
7957** [sqlite3_str] object X.
7958**
7959** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S
7960** onto the end of the [sqlite3_str] object X.  N must be non-negative.
7961** S must contain at least N non-zero bytes of content.  To append a
7962** zero-terminated string in its entirety, use the [sqlite3_str_appendall()]
7963** method instead.
7964**
7965** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendall(X,S)] method appends the complete content of
7966** zero-terminated string S onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7967**
7968** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendchar(X,N,C)] method appends N copies of the
7969** single-byte character C onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7970** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation.
7971**
7972** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction
7973** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length.
7974**
7975** These methods do not return a result code.  ^If an error occurs, that fact
7976** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a
7977** subsequent call to [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)].
7978*/
7979void sqlite3_str_appendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, ...);
7980void sqlite3_str_vappendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, va_list);
7981void sqlite3_str_append(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N);
7982void sqlite3_str_appendall(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn);
7983void sqlite3_str_appendchar(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C);
7984void sqlite3_str_reset(sqlite3_str*);
7985
7986/*
7987** CAPI3REF: Status Of A Dynamic String
7988** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7989**
7990** These interfaces return the current status of an [sqlite3_str] object.
7991**
7992** ^If any prior errors have occurred while constructing the dynamic string
7993** in sqlite3_str X, then the [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method will return
7994** an appropriate error code.  ^The [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method returns
7995** [SQLITE_NOMEM] following any out-of-memory error, or
7996** [SQLITE_TOOBIG] if the size of the dynamic string exceeds
7997** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH], or [SQLITE_OK] if there have been no errors.
7998**
7999** ^The [sqlite3_str_length(X)] method returns the current length, in bytes,
8000** of the dynamic string under construction in [sqlite3_str] object X.
8001** ^The length returned by [sqlite3_str_length(X)] does not include the
8002** zero-termination byte.
8003**
8004** ^The [sqlite3_str_value(X)] method returns a pointer to the current
8005** content of the dynamic string under construction in X.  The value
8006** returned by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] is managed by the sqlite3_str object X
8007** and might be freed or altered by any subsequent method on the same
8008** [sqlite3_str] object.  Applications must not used the pointer returned
8009** [sqlite3_str_value(X)] after any subsequent method call on the same
8010** object.  ^Applications may change the content of the string returned
8011** by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] as long as they do not write into any bytes
8012** outside the range of 0 to [sqlite3_str_length(X)] and do not read or
8013** write any byte after any subsequent sqlite3_str method call.
8014*/
8015int sqlite3_str_errcode(sqlite3_str*);
8016int sqlite3_str_length(sqlite3_str*);
8017char *sqlite3_str_value(sqlite3_str*);
8018
8019/*
8020** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
8021**
8022** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
8023** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
8024** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
8025** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
8026** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
8027** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
8028** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
8029** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
8030** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
8031** value.  For those parameters
8032** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
8033** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
8034** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
8035**
8036** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
8037** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
8038**
8039** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
8040** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
8041** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
8042**
8043** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
8044*/
8045int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
8046int sqlite3_status64(
8047  int op,
8048  sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
8049  sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
8050  int resetFlag
8051);
8052
8053
8054/*
8055** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
8056** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
8057**
8058** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
8059** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
8060**
8061** <dl>
8062** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
8063** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
8064** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
8065** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
8066** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Auxiliary page-cache
8067** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
8068** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
8069** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
8070**
8071** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
8072** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
8073** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
8074** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
8075** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
8076** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
8077**
8078** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
8079** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
8080** currently checked out.</dd>)^
8081**
8082** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
8083** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
8084** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
8085** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
8086** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
8087**
8088** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
8089** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
8090** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
8091** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
8092** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
8093** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
8094** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
8095** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
8096** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
8097**
8098** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
8099** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
8100** handed to the [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
8101** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
8102** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
8103**
8104** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
8105** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8106**
8107** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
8108** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8109**
8110** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
8111** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8112**
8113** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
8114** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
8115** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
8116** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
8117** </dl>
8118**
8119** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
8120*/
8121#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
8122#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
8123#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
8124#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3  /* NOT USED */
8125#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4  /* NOT USED */
8126#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
8127#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
8128#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
8129#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8  /* NOT USED */
8130#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
8131
8132/*
8133** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
8134** METHOD: sqlite3
8135**
8136** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
8137** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
8138** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
8139** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
8140** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
8141** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
8142** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
8143** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
8144**
8145** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
8146** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
8147** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
8148** reset back down to the current value.
8149**
8150** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
8151** non-zero [error code] on failure.
8152**
8153** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
8154*/
8155int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
8156
8157/*
8158** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
8159** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
8160**
8161** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
8162** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
8163**
8164** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
8165** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
8166** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
8167** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
8168** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
8169**
8170** <dl>
8171** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
8172** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
8173** checked out.</dd>)^
8174**
8175** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
8176** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that were
8177** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8178** the current value is always zero.)^
8179**
8180** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
8181** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
8182** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8183** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
8184** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
8185** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8186** the current value is always zero.)^
8187**
8188** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
8189** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
8190** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8191** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
8192** memory already being in use.
8193** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8194** the current value is always zero.)^
8195**
8196** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
8197** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8198** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
8199** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
8200**
8201** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
8202** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
8203** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
8204** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
8205** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
8206** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
8207** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
8208** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
8209** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
8210** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
8211** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
8212**
8213** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
8214** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8215** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
8216** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
8217** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
8218** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
8219** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
8220** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
8221**
8222** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
8223** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8224** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
8225** the database connection.)^
8226** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
8227** </dd>
8228**
8229** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
8230** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
8231** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
8232** is always 0.
8233** </dd>
8234**
8235** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
8236** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
8237** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
8238** is always 0.
8239** </dd>
8240**
8241** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
8242** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8243** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
8244** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
8245** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
8246** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
8247** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
8248** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
8249** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
8250** </dd>
8251**
8252** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL</dt>
8253** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8254** been written to disk in the middle of a transaction due to the page
8255** cache overflowing. Transactions are more efficient if they are written
8256** to disk all at once. When pages spill mid-transaction, that introduces
8257** additional overhead. This parameter can be used help identify
8258** inefficiencies that can be resolved by increasing the cache size.
8259** </dd>
8260**
8261** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
8262** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
8263** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
8264** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
8265** </dd>
8266** </dl>
8267*/
8268#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
8269#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
8270#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
8271#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
8272#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
8273#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
8274#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
8275#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
8276#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
8277#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
8278#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
8279#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
8280#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         12
8281#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 12   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
8282
8283
8284/*
8285** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
8286** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8287**
8288** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
8289** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
8290** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
8291** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
8292** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
8293** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
8294** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
8295** an index.
8296**
8297** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
8298** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
8299** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
8300** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
8301** to be interrogated.)^
8302** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
8303** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
8304** interface call returns.
8305**
8306** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
8307*/
8308int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
8309
8310/*
8311** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
8312** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
8313**
8314** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
8315** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
8316** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
8317**
8318** <dl>
8319** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
8320** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
8321** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
8322** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
8323** careful use of indices.</dd>
8324**
8325** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
8326** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
8327** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8328** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
8329**
8330** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
8331** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
8332** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
8333** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8334** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
8335** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
8336**
8337** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
8338** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
8339** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
8340** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
8341** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
8342** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
8343** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
8344**
8345** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt>
8346** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been
8347** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or changes to
8348** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan.
8349**
8350** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt>
8351** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has
8352** been run.  A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one
8353** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()].
8354** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each
8355** cycle.
8356**
8357** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED</dt>
8358** <dd>^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory
8359** used to store the prepared statement.  ^This value is not actually
8360** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status()
8361** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED.
8362** </dd>
8363** </dl>
8364*/
8365#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
8366#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
8367#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
8368#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
8369#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE         5
8370#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN               6
8371#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED           99
8372
8373/*
8374** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8375**
8376** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
8377** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
8378** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
8379** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
8380** to the object.
8381**
8382** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8383*/
8384typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
8385
8386/*
8387** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8388**
8389** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
8390** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
8391** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
8392** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
8393**
8394** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8395*/
8396typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
8397struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
8398  void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
8399  void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
8400};
8401
8402/*
8403** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
8404** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
8405**
8406** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
8407** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
8408** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
8409** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
8410** SQLite is used for the page cache.
8411** By implementing a
8412** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
8413** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
8414** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
8415** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
8416** how long.
8417**
8418** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
8419** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
8420** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
8421**
8422** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
8423** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
8424** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
8425** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
8426**
8427** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
8428** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
8429** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
8430** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
8431** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
8432** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
8433** required by the custom page cache implementation.
8434** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
8435** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
8436** page cache.)^
8437**
8438** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
8439** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
8440** It can be used to clean up
8441** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
8442** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
8443**
8444** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
8445** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
8446** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
8447** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
8448** in multithreaded applications.
8449**
8450** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
8451** call to xShutdown().
8452**
8453** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
8454** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
8455** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
8456** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
8457** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
8458** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
8459** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
8460** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
8461** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
8462** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
8463** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
8464** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
8465** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
8466** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
8467** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
8468** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
8469** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
8470** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
8471** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
8472** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
8473** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
8474** never contain any unpinned pages.
8475**
8476** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
8477** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
8478** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
8479** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
8480** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
8481** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
8482** value; it is advisory only.
8483**
8484** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
8485** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
8486** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
8487**
8488** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
8489** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
8490** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
8491** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
8492** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
8493** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
8494** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
8495** for each entry in the page cache.
8496**
8497** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
8498** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
8499** to be "pinned".
8500**
8501** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
8502** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
8503** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
8504** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
8505** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
8506**
8507** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
8508** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
8509** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
8510** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
8511**                 Otherwise return NULL.
8512** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
8513**                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
8514** </table>
8515**
8516** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
8517** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
8518** failed.)^  In between the xFetch() calls, SQLite may
8519** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
8520** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
8521**
8522** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
8523** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
8524** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
8525** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
8526** ^If the discard parameter is
8527** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
8528** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
8529** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
8530**
8531** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
8532** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
8533** to xFetch().
8534**
8535** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
8536** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
8537** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
8538** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
8539** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
8540** to be pinned.
8541**
8542** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
8543** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
8544** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
8545** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
8546** they can be safely discarded.
8547**
8548** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
8549** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
8550** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
8551** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
8552** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
8553** functions.
8554**
8555** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
8556** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
8557** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
8558** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
8559** do their best.
8560*/
8561typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
8562struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
8563  int iVersion;
8564  void *pArg;
8565  int (*xInit)(void*);
8566  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8567  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
8568  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8569  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8570  sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8571  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
8572  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
8573      unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8574  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8575  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8576  void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8577};
8578
8579/*
8580** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
8581** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
8582** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
8583*/
8584typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
8585struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
8586  void *pArg;
8587  int (*xInit)(void*);
8588  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8589  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
8590  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8591  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8592  void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8593  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
8594  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8595  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8596  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8597};
8598
8599
8600/*
8601** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
8602**
8603** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
8604** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
8605** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
8606** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
8607**
8608** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8609*/
8610typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
8611
8612/*
8613** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
8614**
8615** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
8616** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
8617** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
8618**
8619** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8620**
8621** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
8622** for the duration of the backup operation.
8623** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
8624** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
8625** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
8626** preventing other database connections from
8627** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
8628**
8629** ^(To perform a backup operation:
8630**   <ol>
8631**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
8632**         backup,
8633**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
8634**         the data between the two databases, and finally
8635**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
8636**         associated with the backup operation.
8637**   </ol>)^
8638** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
8639** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
8640**
8641** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
8642**
8643** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
8644** [database connection] associated with the destination database
8645** and the database name, respectively.
8646** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
8647** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
8648** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
8649** ^The S and M arguments passed to
8650** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
8651** and database name of the source database, respectively.
8652** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
8653** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
8654** an error.
8655**
8656** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
8657** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
8658** destination database.
8659**
8660** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
8661** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
8662** destination [database connection] D.
8663** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
8664** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
8665** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
8666** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
8667** [sqlite3_backup] object.
8668** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
8669** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
8670** operation.
8671**
8672** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
8673**
8674** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
8675** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
8676** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
8677** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
8678** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
8679** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
8680** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
8681** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
8682** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
8683** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
8684** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
8685** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
8686**
8687** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
8688** <ol>
8689** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
8690** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
8691** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
8692** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
8693** destination and source page sizes differ.
8694** </ol>)^
8695**
8696** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
8697** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
8698** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
8699** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
8700** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
8701** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
8702** [database connection]
8703** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
8704** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
8705** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
8706** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
8707** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
8708** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
8709** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
8710** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
8711** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
8712**
8713** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
8714** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
8715** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
8716** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
8717** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
8718** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
8719** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
8720** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
8721** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
8722** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
8723** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
8724** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
8725** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
8726** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
8727** updated at the same time.
8728**
8729** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
8730**
8731** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
8732** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
8733** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8734** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
8735** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
8736** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
8737** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
8738** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
8739** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8740**
8741** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
8742** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
8743** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
8744** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
8745** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
8746** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
8747**
8748** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
8749** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
8750** sqlite3_backup_finish().
8751**
8752** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
8753** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
8754**
8755** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
8756** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
8757** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
8758** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
8759** sqlite3_backup_step().
8760** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
8761** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
8762** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
8763** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8764** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
8765** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
8766**
8767** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
8768**
8769** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
8770** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
8771** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
8772** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
8773** from within other threads.
8774**
8775** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
8776** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
8777** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
8778** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
8779** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
8780** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
8781** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
8782** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
8783**
8784** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
8785** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
8786** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
8787** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
8788** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
8789** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
8790**
8791** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
8792** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
8793** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8794** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
8795** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
8796** possible that they return invalid values.
8797*/
8798sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
8799  sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
8800  const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
8801  sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
8802  const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
8803);
8804int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
8805int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
8806int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
8807int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
8808
8809/*
8810** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
8811** METHOD: sqlite3
8812**
8813** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
8814** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
8815** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
8816** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
8817** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
8818** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
8819** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
8820** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
8821**
8822** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
8823**
8824** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
8825** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
8826**
8827** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
8828** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
8829** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
8830** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
8831** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
8832** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
8833** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
8834** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
8835** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
8836** call that concludes the blocking connection's transaction.
8837**
8838** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
8839** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
8840** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
8841** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
8842** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
8843**
8844** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
8845** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
8846** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
8847** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
8848**
8849** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
8850** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
8851** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
8852** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
8853** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
8854** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
8855** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
8856** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
8857**
8858** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
8859** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
8860** crash or deadlock may be the result.
8861**
8862** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
8863** returns SQLITE_OK.
8864**
8865** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
8866**
8867** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
8868** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
8869** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
8870** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
8871** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
8872** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
8873**
8874** When a blocking connection's transaction is concluded, there may be
8875** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
8876** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
8877** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
8878** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
8879** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
8880** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
8881** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
8882**
8883** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
8884**
8885** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
8886** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
8887** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
8888** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
8889** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
8890** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
8891** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
8892**
8893** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
8894** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
8895** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
8896** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
8897** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
8898** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
8899** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
8900** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
8901** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
8902** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
8903** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
8904** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
8905**
8906** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
8907**
8908** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
8909** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
8910** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
8911** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
8912** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
8913** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
8914** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
8915** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
8916** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
8917**
8918** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
8919** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
8920** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
8921** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
8922** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
8923*/
8924int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
8925  sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
8926  void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
8927  void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
8928);
8929
8930
8931/*
8932** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
8933**
8934** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
8935** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
8936** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
8937** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
8938*/
8939int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
8940int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
8941
8942/*
8943** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
8944*
8945** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
8946** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
8947** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
8948** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
8949** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
8950** is case sensitive.
8951**
8952** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8953** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8954**
8955** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
8956*/
8957int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
8958
8959/*
8960** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
8961*
8962** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
8963** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
8964** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
8965** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
8966** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
8967** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
8968** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
8969** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
8970** one another.
8971**
8972** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
8973** only ASCII characters are case folded.
8974**
8975** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8976** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8977**
8978** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
8979*/
8980int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
8981
8982/*
8983** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
8984**
8985** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
8986** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
8987** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
8988** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
8989**
8990** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
8991** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
8992** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
8993** is considered bad form.
8994**
8995** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
8996**
8997** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
8998** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
8999** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
9000** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
9001** buffer.
9002*/
9003void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
9004
9005/*
9006** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
9007** METHOD: sqlite3
9008**
9009** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
9010** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
9011**
9012** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
9013** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
9014** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
9015**
9016** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
9017** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
9018** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
9019** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
9020** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
9021** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
9022** including those that were just committed.
9023**
9024** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
9025** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
9026** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
9027** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
9028** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
9029** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
9030** are undefined.
9031**
9032** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
9033** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
9034** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^The return value is
9035** a copy of the third parameter from the previous call, if any, or 0.
9036** ^Note that the [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
9037** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
9038** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
9039*/
9040void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
9041  sqlite3*,
9042  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
9043  void*
9044);
9045
9046/*
9047** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
9048** METHOD: sqlite3
9049**
9050** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
9051** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
9052** to automatically [checkpoint]
9053** after committing a transaction if there are N or
9054** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
9055** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
9056** checkpoints entirely.
9057**
9058** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
9059** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
9060** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
9061** configured by this function.
9062**
9063** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
9064** from SQL.
9065**
9066** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
9067** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
9068**
9069** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
9070** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
9071** pages.  The use of this interface
9072** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
9073** for a particular application.
9074*/
9075int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
9076
9077/*
9078** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
9079** METHOD: sqlite3
9080**
9081** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
9082** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
9083**
9084** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
9085** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
9086** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
9087** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
9088** information.
9089**
9090** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
9091** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
9092** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
9093** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
9094** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
9095** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
9096*/
9097int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9098
9099/*
9100** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
9101** METHOD: sqlite3
9102**
9103** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
9104** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
9105** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
9106** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
9107**
9108** <dl>
9109** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
9110**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
9111**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
9112**   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
9113**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
9114**   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
9115**   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
9116**
9117** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
9118**   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
9119**   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
9120**   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
9121**   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
9122**   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
9123**   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
9124**
9125** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
9126**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
9127**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
9128**   [busy-handler callback])
9129**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
9130**   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
9131**   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
9132**   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
9133**
9134** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
9135**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
9136**   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
9137**   to a successful return.
9138** </dl>
9139**
9140** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
9141** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
9142** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
9143** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
9144** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
9145** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
9146** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
9147** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
9148** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
9149**
9150** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
9151** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
9152** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
9153** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
9154**
9155** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
9156** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
9157** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
9158** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
9159** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
9160** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
9161** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
9162** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
9163** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
9164** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
9165**
9166** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
9167** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
9168** [database connection] db.  In this case the
9169** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
9170** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
9171** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
9172** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
9173** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
9174** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
9175** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
9176** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
9177**
9178** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
9179** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
9180** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
9181** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
9182**
9183** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
9184** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
9185** sets the error information that is queried by
9186** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
9187**
9188** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
9189** from SQL.
9190*/
9191int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
9192  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
9193  const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
9194  int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
9195  int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
9196  int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
9197);
9198
9199/*
9200** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
9201** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
9202**
9203** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
9204** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
9205** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
9206** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
9207*/
9208#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
9209#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
9210#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
9211#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
9212
9213/*
9214** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
9215**
9216** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
9217** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
9218** various facets of the virtual table interface.
9219**
9220** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
9221** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
9222**
9223** In the call sqlite3_vtab_config(D,C,...) the D parameter is the
9224** [database connection] in which the virtual table is being created and
9225** which is passed in as the first argument to the [xConnect] or [xCreate]
9226** method that is invoking sqlite3_vtab_config().  The C parameter is one
9227** of the [virtual table configuration options].  The presence and meaning
9228** of parameters after C depend on which [virtual table configuration option]
9229** is used.
9230*/
9231int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
9232
9233/*
9234** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
9235** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration options}
9236** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration option}
9237**
9238** These macros define the various options to the
9239** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
9240** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
9241**
9242** <dl>
9243** [[SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT]]
9244** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT</dt>
9245** <dd>Calls of the form
9246** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
9247** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
9248** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
9249** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
9250** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
9251** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
9252** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
9253** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
9254**
9255** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
9256** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
9257** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
9258** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
9259** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
9260** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
9261** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
9262** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
9263** had been ABORT.
9264**
9265** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
9266** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
9267** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
9268** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
9269** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
9270** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
9271** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
9272** constraint handling.
9273** </dd>
9274**
9275** [[SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY</dt>
9276** <dd>Calls of the form
9277** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY) from within the
9278** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9279** prohibits that virtual table from being used from within triggers and
9280** views.
9281** </dd>
9282**
9283** [[SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS</dt>
9284** <dd>Calls of the form
9285** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS) from within the
9286** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9287** identify that virtual table as being safe to use from within triggers
9288** and views.  Conceptually, the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS tag means that the
9289** virtual table can do no serious harm even if it is controlled by a
9290** malicious hacker.  Developers should avoid setting the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS
9291** flag unless absolutely necessary.
9292** </dd>
9293** </dl>
9294*/
9295#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
9296#define SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS          2
9297#define SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY         3
9298
9299/*
9300** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
9301**
9302** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
9303** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
9304** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
9305** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9306** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
9307** [virtual table].
9308*/
9309int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
9310
9311/*
9312** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
9313**
9314** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
9315** method of a [virtual table], then it might return true if the
9316** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
9317** column value will not change.  The virtual table implementation can use
9318** this hint as permission to substitute a return value that is less
9319** expensive to compute and that the corresponding
9320** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
9321**
9322** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
9323** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
9324** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
9325** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
9326** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
9327** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
9328**
9329** The sqlite3_vtab_nochange() routine is an optimization.  Virtual table
9330** implementations should continue to give a correct answer even if the
9331** sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface were to always return false.  In the
9332** current implementation, the sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface does always
9333** returns false for the enhanced [UPDATE FROM] statement.
9334*/
9335int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);
9336
9337/*
9338** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint
9339**
9340** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex]
9341** method of a [virtual table].
9342**
9343** The first argument must be the sqlite3_index_info object that is the
9344** first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument must be
9345** an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the sqlite3_index_info
9346** structure passed to xBestIndex. This function returns a pointer to a buffer
9347** containing the name of the collation sequence for the corresponding
9348** constraint.
9349*/
9350SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int);
9351
9352/*
9353** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
9354** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
9355**
9356** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
9357** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9358** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
9359**
9360** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
9361** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
9362** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
9363*/
9364#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
9365/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
9366#define SQLITE_FAIL     3
9367/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
9368#define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
9369
9370/*
9371** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
9372** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
9373**
9374** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
9375** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
9376** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
9377**
9378** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
9379** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
9380** S is finalized.
9381**
9382** <dl>
9383** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
9384** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be
9385** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
9386**
9387** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
9388** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9389** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
9390**
9391** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
9392** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9393** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
9394** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
9395** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
9396** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
9397** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
9398**
9399** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
9400** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9401** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
9402** used for the X-th loop.
9403**
9404** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
9405** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9406** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
9407** description for the X-th loop.
9408**
9409** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
9410** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9411** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
9412** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
9413** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
9414** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
9415** </dl>
9416*/
9417#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
9418#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
9419#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
9420#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
9421#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
9422#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
9423
9424/*
9425** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
9426** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9427**
9428** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
9429** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
9430** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
9431** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
9432**
9433** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
9434** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
9435** compile-time option.
9436**
9437** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
9438** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
9439** of this interface is undefined.
9440** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
9441** the "pOut" parameter.
9442** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
9443** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
9444** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
9445** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
9446** points to is unchanged.
9447**
9448** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
9449** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
9450** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
9451** that pOut points to unchanged.
9452**
9453** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
9454*/
9455int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
9456  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
9457  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
9458  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
9459  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
9460);
9461
9462/*
9463** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
9464** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9465**
9466** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
9467**
9468** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
9469** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
9470*/
9471void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
9472
9473/*
9474** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
9475** METHOD: sqlite3
9476**
9477** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
9478** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
9479** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
9480** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
9481** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
9482** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
9483** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
9484** any [attached] databases.
9485**
9486** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
9487** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
9488** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
9489** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
9490** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
9491** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
9492** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
9493** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
9494**
9495** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
9496** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
9497** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
9498**
9499** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
9500**
9501** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
9502** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
9503*/
9504int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
9505
9506/*
9507** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
9508** METHOD: sqlite3
9509**
9510** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
9511** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
9512**
9513** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
9514** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
9515** on a database table.
9516** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
9517** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
9518** the previous setting.
9519** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
9520** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
9521** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
9522** the first parameter to callbacks.
9523**
9524** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
9525** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
9526** system tables like sqlite_sequence or sqlite_stat1.
9527**
9528** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
9529** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
9530** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
9531** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
9532** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
9533** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9534** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
9535** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
9536** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
9537** databases.)^
9538** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9539** table that is being modified.
9540**
9541** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
9542** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
9543** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
9544** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
9545** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
9546** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
9547** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
9548** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
9549** DELETE operations on rowid tables.
9550**
9551** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
9552** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
9553** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
9554** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
9555** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
9556** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
9557** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
9558** behavior.
9559**
9560** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
9561** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
9562**
9563** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9564** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9565** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9566** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9567** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
9568** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
9569** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9570** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9571**
9572** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9573** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9574** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9575** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9576** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
9577** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
9578** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9579** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9580**
9581** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
9582** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
9583** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
9584** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
9585** triggers; and so forth.
9586**
9587** When the [sqlite3_blob_write()] API is used to update a blob column,
9588** the pre-update hook is invoked with SQLITE_DELETE. This is because the
9589** in this case the new values are not available. In this case, when a
9590** callback made with op==SQLITE_DELETE is actuall a write using the
9591** sqlite3_blob_write() API, the [sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite()] returns
9592** the index of the column being written. In other cases, where the
9593** pre-update hook is being invoked for some other reason, including a
9594** regular DELETE, sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite() returns -1.
9595**
9596** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
9597*/
9598#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
9599void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
9600  sqlite3 *db,
9601  void(*xPreUpdate)(
9602    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
9603    sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
9604    int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
9605    char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
9606    char const *zName,            /* Table name */
9607    sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
9608    sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
9609  ),
9610  void*
9611);
9612int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9613int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
9614int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
9615int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9616int sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(sqlite3 *);
9617#endif
9618
9619/*
9620** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
9621** METHOD: sqlite3
9622**
9623** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
9624** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
9625** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
9626** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
9627** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
9628** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
9629*/
9630int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
9631
9632/*
9633** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
9634** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
9635**
9636** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
9637** database for some specific point in history.
9638**
9639** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
9640** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
9641** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
9642** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
9643** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
9644** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
9645** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
9646**
9647** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
9648** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
9649** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
9650** the most recent version.
9651*/
9652typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
9653  unsigned char hidden[48];
9654} sqlite3_snapshot;
9655
9656/*
9657** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
9658** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9659**
9660** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
9661** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
9662** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
9663** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
9664** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
9665** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
9666** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
9667**
9668** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
9669** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
9670** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
9671** in this case.
9672**
9673** <ul>
9674**   <li> The database handle must not be in [autocommit mode].
9675**
9676**   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
9677**
9678**   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
9679**        connection D.
9680**
9681**   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
9682**        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
9683**        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
9684**        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
9685**        must be written to it first.
9686** </ul>
9687**
9688** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
9689** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
9690** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
9691**
9692** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
9693** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
9694** to avoid a memory leak.
9695**
9696** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
9697** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9698*/
9699SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
9700  sqlite3 *db,
9701  const char *zSchema,
9702  sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
9703);
9704
9705/*
9706** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
9707** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9708**
9709** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read
9710** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of
9711** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to
9712** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the
9713** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK
9714** on success or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
9715**
9716** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in
9717** [autocommit mode] when [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] is called. If there
9718** is already a read transaction open on schema S, then the database handle
9719** must have no active statements (SELECT statements that have been passed
9720** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()).
9721** SQLITE_ERROR is returned if either of these conditions is violated, or
9722** if schema S does not exist, or if the snapshot object is invalid.
9723**
9724** ^A call to sqlite3_snapshot_open() will fail to open if the specified
9725** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case
9726** SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT is returned.
9727**
9728** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is
9729** invoked, then the same read transaction remains open (on the same
9730** database snapshot) if SQLITE_ERROR, SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT
9731** is returned. If another error code - for example SQLITE_PROTOCOL or an
9732** SQLITE_IOERR error code - is returned, then the final state of the
9733** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the
9734** read transaction is now open on database snapshot P.
9735**
9736** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
9737** database connection D does not know that the database file for
9738** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
9739** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
9740** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
9741** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
9742** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
9743** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
9744**
9745** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
9746** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9747*/
9748SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
9749  sqlite3 *db,
9750  const char *zSchema,
9751  sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
9752);
9753
9754/*
9755** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
9756** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9757**
9758** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
9759** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
9760** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
9761**
9762** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
9763** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9764*/
9765SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
9766
9767/*
9768** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
9769** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9770**
9771** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
9772** of two valid snapshot handles.
9773**
9774** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
9775** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
9776**
9777** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
9778** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
9779** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
9780** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
9781** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
9782** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
9783** is undefined.
9784**
9785** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
9786** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
9787** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
9788**
9789** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9790** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9791*/
9792SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
9793  sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
9794  sqlite3_snapshot *p2
9795);
9796
9797/*
9798** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
9799** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9800**
9801** If a [WAL file] remains on disk after all database connections close
9802** (either through the use of the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] [file control]
9803** or because the last process to have the database opened exited without
9804** calling [sqlite3_close()]) and a new connection is subsequently opened
9805** on that database and [WAL file], the [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface
9806** will only be able to open the last transaction added to the WAL file
9807** even though the WAL file contains other valid transactions.
9808**
9809** This function attempts to scan the WAL file associated with database zDb
9810** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
9811** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
9812** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a WAL mode
9813** database.
9814**
9815** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
9816**
9817** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9818** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9819*/
9820SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9821
9822/*
9823** CAPI3REF: Serialize a database
9824**
9825** The sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) interface returns a pointer to memory
9826** that is a serialization of the S database on [database connection] D.
9827** If P is not a NULL pointer, then the size of the database in bytes
9828** is written into *P.
9829**
9830** For an ordinary on-disk database file, the serialization is just a
9831** copy of the disk file.  For an in-memory database or a "TEMP" database,
9832** the serialization is the same sequence of bytes which would be written
9833** to disk if that database where backed up to disk.
9834**
9835** The usual case is that sqlite3_serialize() copies the serialization of
9836** the database into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] and returns
9837** a pointer to that memory.  The caller is responsible for freeing the
9838** returned value to avoid a memory leak.  However, if the F argument
9839** contains the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit, then no memory allocations
9840** are made, and the sqlite3_serialize() function will return a pointer
9841** to the contiguous memory representation of the database that SQLite
9842** is currently using for that database, or NULL if the no such contiguous
9843** memory representation of the database exists.  A contiguous memory
9844** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has
9845** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same
9846** values of D and S.
9847** The size of the database is written into *P even if the
9848** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy
9849** of the database exists.
9850**
9851** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the
9852** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory
9853** allocation error occurs.
9854**
9855** This interface is omitted if SQLite is compiled with the
9856** [SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE] option.
9857*/
9858unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
9859  sqlite3 *db,           /* The database connection */
9860  const char *zSchema,   /* Which DB to serialize. ex: "main", "temp", ... */
9861  sqlite3_int64 *piSize, /* Write size of the DB here, if not NULL */
9862  unsigned int mFlags    /* Zero or more SQLITE_SERIALIZE_* flags */
9863);
9864
9865/*
9866** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_serialize
9867**
9868** Zero or more of the following constants can be OR-ed together for
9869** the F argument to [sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F)].
9870**
9871** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY means that [sqlite3_serialize()] will return
9872** a pointer to contiguous in-memory database that it is currently using,
9873** without making a copy of the database.  If SQLite is not currently using
9874** a contiguous in-memory database, then this option causes
9875** [sqlite3_serialize()] to return a NULL pointer.  SQLite will only be
9876** using a contiguous in-memory database if it has been initialized by a
9877** prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize()].
9878*/
9879#define SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 0x001   /* Do no memory allocations */
9880
9881/*
9882** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database
9883**
9884** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the
9885** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then
9886** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization contained
9887** in P.  The serialized database P is N bytes in size.  M is the size of
9888** the buffer P, which might be larger than N.  If M is larger than N, and
9889** the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY bit is not set in F, then SQLite is
9890** permitted to add content to the in-memory database as long as the total
9891** size does not exceed M bytes.
9892**
9893** If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in F, then SQLite will
9894** invoke sqlite3_free() on the serialization buffer when the database
9895** connection closes.  If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE bit is set, then
9896** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64()
9897** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes.
9898**
9899** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the
9900** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup
9901** operation.
9902**
9903** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the
9904** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then
9905** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning.
9906**
9907** This interface is omitted if SQLite is compiled with the
9908** [SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE] option.
9909*/
9910int sqlite3_deserialize(
9911  sqlite3 *db,            /* The database connection */
9912  const char *zSchema,    /* Which DB to reopen with the deserialization */
9913  unsigned char *pData,   /* The serialized database content */
9914  sqlite3_int64 szDb,     /* Number bytes in the deserialization */
9915  sqlite3_int64 szBuf,    /* Total size of buffer pData[] */
9916  unsigned mFlags         /* Zero or more SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_* flags */
9917);
9918
9919/*
9920** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_deserialize()
9921**
9922** The following are allowed values for 6th argument (the F argument) to
9923** the [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F)] interface.
9924**
9925** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE means that the database serialization
9926** in the P argument is held in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
9927** and that SQLite should take ownership of this memory and automatically
9928** free it when it has finished using it.  Without this flag, the caller
9929** is responsible for freeing any dynamically allocated memory.
9930**
9931** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE flag means that SQLite is allowed to
9932** grow the size of the database using calls to [sqlite3_realloc64()].  This
9933** flag should only be used if SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE is also used.
9934** Without this flag, the deserialized database cannot increase in size beyond
9935** the number of bytes specified by the M parameter.
9936**
9937** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database
9938** should be treated as read-only.
9939*/
9940#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */
9941#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE  2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */
9942#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY    4 /* Database is read-only */
9943
9944/*
9945** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
9946** builds on processors without floating point support.
9947*/
9948#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
9949# undef double
9950#endif
9951
9952#ifdef __cplusplus
9953}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
9954#endif
9955#endif /* SQLITE3_H */
9956