xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/sqlite.h.in (revision 1c826650)
1/*
2** 2001 September 15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve to make minor changes if
22** experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are suppose to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32**
33** @(#) $Id: sqlite.h.in,v 1.397 2008/09/02 21:35:03 drh Exp $
34*/
35#ifndef _SQLITE3_H_
36#define _SQLITE3_H_
37#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
38
39/*
40** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
41*/
42#ifdef __cplusplus
43extern "C" {
44#endif
45
46
47/*
48** Add the ability to override 'extern'
49*/
50#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
51# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
52#endif
53
54/*
55** Add the ability to mark interfaces as deprecated.
56*/
57#if (__GNUC__ > 3 || (__GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 1))
58  /* GCC added the deprecated attribute in version 3.1 */
59  #define SQLITE_DEPRECATED __attribute__ ((deprecated))
60#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER>1200)
61  #define SQLITE_DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated)
62#else
63  #define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
64#endif
65
66/*
67** Add the ability to mark interfaces as experimental.
68*/
69#if (__GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 3))
70  /* I can confirm that it does not work on version 4.1.0... */
71  /* First appears in GCC docs for version 4.3.0 */
72  #define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL __attribute__ ((warning ("is experimental")))
73#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER>1200)
74  #define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL __declspec(deprecated("was declared experimental"))
75#else
76  #define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
77#endif
78
79/*
80** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
81*/
82#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
83# undef SQLITE_VERSION
84#endif
85#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
86# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
87#endif
88
89/*
90** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers {H10010} <S60100>
91**
92** The SQLITE_VERSION and SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #defines in
93** the sqlite3.h file specify the version of SQLite with which
94** that header file is associated.
95**
96** The "version" of SQLite is a string of the form "X.Y.Z".
97** The phrase "alpha" or "beta" might be appended after the Z.
98** The X value is major version number always 3 in SQLite3.
99** The X value only changes when backwards compatibility is
100** broken and we intend to never break backwards compatibility.
101** The Y value is the minor version number and only changes when
102** there are major feature enhancements that are forwards compatible
103** but not backwards compatible.
104** The Z value is the release number and is incremented with
105** each release but resets back to 0 whenever Y is incremented.
106**
107** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()] and [sqlite3_libversion_number()].
108**
109** INVARIANTS:
110**
111** {H10011} The SQLITE_VERSION #define in the sqlite3.h header file shall
112**          evaluate to a string literal that is the SQLite version
113**          with which the header file is associated.
114**
115** {H10014} The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #define shall resolve to an integer
116**          with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z
117**          are the major version, minor version, and release number.
118*/
119#define SQLITE_VERSION         "--VERS--"
120#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER  --VERSION-NUMBER--
121
122/*
123** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers {H10020} <S60100>
124** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version
125**
126** These features provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION]
127** and [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] #defines in the header, but are associated
128** with the library instead of the header file.  Cautious programmers might
129** include a check in their application to verify that
130** sqlite3_libversion_number() always returns the value
131** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].
132**
133** The sqlite3_libversion() function returns the same information as is
134** in the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The function is provided
135** for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have direct access to string
136** constants within the DLL.
137**
138** INVARIANTS:
139**
140** {H10021} The [sqlite3_libversion_number()] interface shall return
141**          an integer equal to [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].
142**
143** {H10022} The [sqlite3_version] string constant shall contain
144**          the text of the [SQLITE_VERSION] string.
145**
146** {H10023} The [sqlite3_libversion()] function shall return
147**          a pointer to the [sqlite3_version] string constant.
148*/
149SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
150const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
151int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
152
153/*
154** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe {H10100} <S60100>
155**
156** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
157** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro 1 or 2, mutexes
158** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
159** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
160** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
161** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
162**
163** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
164** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
165** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
166** The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
167**
168** This interface can be used by a program to make sure that the
169** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
170** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
171**
172** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
173** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
174** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 then mutexes are enabled by default but
175** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
176** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
177** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX].  The return value of this function shows
178** only the default compile-time setting, not any run-time changes
179** to that setting.
180**
181** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
182**
183** INVARIANTS:
184**
185** {H10101} The [sqlite3_threadsafe()] function shall return nonzero if
186**          and only if
187**          SQLite was compiled with the its mutexes enabled by default.
188**
189** {H10102} The value returned by the [sqlite3_threadsafe()] function
190**          shall not change when mutex setting are modified at
191**          runtime using the [sqlite3_config()] interface and
192**          especially the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD],
193**          [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED],
194**          and [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] verbs.
195*/
196int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
197
198/*
199** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle {H12000} <S40200>
200** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
201**
202** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
203** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
204** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
205** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
206** is its destructor.  There are many other interfaces (such as
207** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
208** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
209** sqlite3 object.
210*/
211typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
212
213/*
214** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types {H10200} <S10110>
215** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
216**
217** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
218** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
219**
220** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
221** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
222** compatibility only.
223**
224** INVARIANTS:
225**
226** {H10201} The [sqlite_int64] and [sqlite3_int64] type shall specify
227**          a 64-bit signed integer.
228**
229** {H10202} The [sqlite_uint64] and [sqlite3_uint64] type shall specify
230**          a 64-bit unsigned integer.
231*/
232#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
233  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
234  typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
235#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
236  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
237  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
238#else
239  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
240  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
241#endif
242typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
243typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
244
245/*
246** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
247** substitute integer for floating-point.
248*/
249#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
250# define double sqlite3_int64
251#endif
252
253/*
254** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection {H12010} <S30100><S40200>
255**
256** This routine is the destructor for the [sqlite3] object.
257**
258** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements]
259** and [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles] associated with
260** the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
261** The [sqlite3_next_stmt()] interface can be used to locate all
262** [prepared statements] associated with a [database connection] if desired.
263** Typical code might look like this:
264**
265** <blockquote><pre>
266** sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
267** while( (pStmt = sqlite3_next_stmt(db, 0))!=0 ){
268** &nbsp;   sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
269** }
270** </pre></blockquote>
271**
272** If [sqlite3_close()] is invoked while a transaction is open,
273** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
274**
275** INVARIANTS:
276**
277** {H12011} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall destroy the
278**          [database connection] object C.
279**
280** {H12012} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall return SQLITE_OK.
281**
282** {H12013} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall release all
283**          memory and system resources associated with [database connection]
284**          C.
285**
286** {H12014} A call to [sqlite3_close(C)] on a [database connection] C that
287**          has one or more open [prepared statements] shall fail with
288**          an [SQLITE_BUSY] error code.
289**
290** {H12015} A call to [sqlite3_close(C)] where C is a NULL pointer shall
291**          return SQLITE_OK.
292**
293** {H12019} When [sqlite3_close(C)] is invoked on a [database connection] C
294**          that has a pending transaction, the transaction shall be
295**          rolled back.
296**
297** ASSUMPTIONS:
298**
299** {A12016} The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] must be either a NULL
300**          pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
301**          from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
302**          [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
303*/
304int sqlite3_close(sqlite3 *);
305
306/*
307** The type for a callback function.
308** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
309** compatibility and is not documented.
310*/
311typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
312
313/*
314** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface {H12100} <S10000>
315**
316** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenient way of running one or more
317** SQL statements without having to write a lot of C code.  The UTF-8 encoded
318** SQL statements are passed in as the second parameter to sqlite3_exec().
319** The statements are evaluated one by one until either an error or
320** an interrupt is encountered, or until they are all done.  The 3rd parameter
321** is an optional callback that is invoked once for each row of any query
322** results produced by the SQL statements.  The 5th parameter tells where
323** to write any error messages.
324**
325** The error message passed back through the 5th parameter is held
326** in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  To avoid a memory leak,
327** the calling application should call [sqlite3_free()] on any error
328** message returned through the 5th parameter when it has finished using
329** the error message.
330**
331** If the SQL statement in the 2nd parameter is NULL or an empty string
332** or a string containing only whitespace and comments, then no SQL
333** statements are evaluated and the database is not changed.
334**
335** The sqlite3_exec() interface is implemented in terms of
336** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()].
337** The sqlite3_exec() routine does nothing to the database that cannot be done
338** by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()].
339**
340** INVARIANTS:
341**
342** {H12101} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)]
343**          shall sequentially evaluate all of the UTF-8 encoded,
344**          semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated
345**          string S within the context of the [database connection] D.
346**
347** {H12102} If the S parameter to [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] is NULL then
348**          the actions of the interface shall be the same as if the
349**          S parameter were an empty string.
350**
351** {H12104} The return value of [sqlite3_exec()] shall be [SQLITE_OK] if all
352**          SQL statements run successfully and to completion.
353**
354** {H12105} The return value of [sqlite3_exec()] shall be an appropriate
355**          non-zero [error code] if any SQL statement fails.
356**
357** {H12107} If one or more of the SQL statements handed to [sqlite3_exec()]
358**          return results and the 3rd parameter is not NULL, then
359**          the callback function specified by the 3rd parameter shall be
360**          invoked once for each row of result.
361**
362** {H12110} If the callback returns a non-zero value then [sqlite3_exec()]
363**          shall abort the SQL statement it is currently evaluating,
364**          skip all subsequent SQL statements, and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
365**
366** {H12113} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall pass its 4th parameter through
367**          as the 1st parameter of the callback.
368**
369** {H12116} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 2nd parameter of its
370**          callback to be the number of columns in the current row of
371**          result.
372**
373** {H12119} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 3rd parameter of its
374**          callback to be an array of pointers to strings holding the
375**          values for each column in the current result set row as
376**          obtained from [sqlite3_column_text()].
377**
378** {H12122} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 4th parameter of its
379**          callback to be an array of pointers to strings holding the
380**          names of result columns as obtained from [sqlite3_column_name()].
381**
382** {H12125} If the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_exec()] is NULL then
383**          [sqlite3_exec()] shall silently discard query results.
384**
385** {H12131} If an error occurs while parsing or evaluating any of the SQL
386**          statements in the S parameter of [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] and if
387**          the E parameter is not NULL, then [sqlite3_exec()] shall store
388**          in *E an appropriate error message written into memory obtained
389**          from [sqlite3_malloc()].
390**
391** {H12134} The [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] routine shall set the value of
392**          *E to NULL if E is not NULL and there are no errors.
393**
394** {H12137} The [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] function shall set the [error code]
395**          and message accessible via [sqlite3_errcode()],
396**          [sqlite3_errmsg()], and [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
397**
398** {H12138} If the S parameter to [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] is NULL or an
399**          empty string or contains nothing other than whitespace, comments,
400**          and/or semicolons, then results of [sqlite3_errcode()],
401**          [sqlite3_errmsg()], and [sqlite3_errmsg16()]
402**          shall reset to indicate no errors.
403**
404** ASSUMPTIONS:
405**
406** {A12141} The first parameter to [sqlite3_exec()] must be an valid and open
407**          [database connection].
408**
409** {A12142} The database connection must not be closed while
410**          [sqlite3_exec()] is running.
411**
412** {A12143} The calling function should use [sqlite3_free()] to free
413**          the memory that *errmsg is left pointing at once the error
414**          message is no longer needed.
415**
416** {A12145} The SQL statement text in the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_exec()]
417**          must remain unchanged while [sqlite3_exec()] is running.
418*/
419int sqlite3_exec(
420  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
421  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
422  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
423  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
424  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
425);
426
427/*
428** CAPI3REF: Result Codes {H10210} <S10700>
429** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_OK {error code} {error codes}
430** KEYWORDS: {result code} {result codes}
431**
432** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
433** here in order to indicates success or failure.
434**
435** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
436**
437** See also: [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result codes]
438*/
439#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
440/* beginning-of-error-codes */
441#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* SQL error or missing database */
442#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
443#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
444#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
445#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
446#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
447#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
448#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
449#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
450#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
451#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
452#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* NOT USED. Table or record not found */
453#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
454#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
455#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* NOT USED. Database lock protocol error */
456#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Database is empty */
457#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
458#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
459#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
460#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
461#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
462#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
463#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
464#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Auxiliary database format error */
465#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
466#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
467#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
468#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
469/* end-of-error-codes */
470
471/*
472** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes {H10220} <S10700>
473** KEYWORDS: {extended error code} {extended error codes}
474** KEYWORDS: {extended result code} {extended result codes}
475**
476** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 26 integer
477** [SQLITE_OK | result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
478** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
479** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
480** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 and later) include
481** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
482** about errors. The extended result codes are enabled or disabled
483** on a per database connection basis using the
484** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.
485**
486** Some of the available extended result codes are listed here.
487** One may expect the number of extended result codes will be expand
488** over time.  Software that uses extended result codes should expect
489** to see new result codes in future releases of SQLite.
490**
491** The SQLITE_OK result code will never be extended.  It will always
492** be exactly zero.
493**
494** INVARIANTS:
495**
496** {H10223} The symbolic name for an extended result code shall contains
497**          a related primary result code as a prefix.
498**
499** {H10224} Primary result code names shall contain a single "_" character.
500**
501** {H10225} Extended result code names shall contain two or more "_" characters.
502**
503** {H10226} The numeric value of an extended result code shall contain the
504**          numeric value of its corresponding primary result code in
505**          its least significant 8 bits.
506*/
507#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
508#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
509#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
510#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
511#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
512#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
513#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
514#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
515#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
516#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
517#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
518#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
519#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
520#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
521#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
522
523/*
524** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations {H10230} <H11120> <H12700>
525**
526** These bit values are intended for use in the
527** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
528** in the 4th parameter to the xOpen method of the
529** [sqlite3_vfs] object.
530*/
531#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001
532#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002
533#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004
534#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008
535#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010
536#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100
537#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200
538#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400
539#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800
540#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000
541#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000
542#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000
543#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000
544#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000
545
546/*
547** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics {H10240} <H11120>
548**
549** The xDeviceCapabilities method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
550** object returns an integer which is a vector of the these
551** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
552** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
553** refers to.
554**
555** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
556** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
557** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
558** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
559** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
560** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
561** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
562** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
563** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
564** to xWrite().
565*/
566#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC          0x00000001
567#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512       0x00000002
568#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K        0x00000004
569#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K        0x00000008
570#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K        0x00000010
571#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K        0x00000020
572#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K       0x00000040
573#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K       0x00000080
574#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K       0x00000100
575#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND     0x00000200
576#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL      0x00000400
577
578/*
579** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels {H10250} <H11120> <H11310>
580**
581** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
582** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
583** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
584*/
585#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
586#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
587#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
588#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
589#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
590
591/*
592** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags {H10260} <H11120>
593**
594** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
595** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
596** these integer values as the second argument.
597**
598** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
599** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
600** information need not be flushed. The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL flag means
601** to use normal fsync() semantics. The SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flag means
602** to use Mac OS-X style fullsync instead of fsync().
603*/
604#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
605#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
606#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
607
608/*
609** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle {H11110} <S20110>
610**
611** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the OS
612** interface layer.  Individual OS interface implementations will
613** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
614** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
615** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
616** I/O operations on the open file.
617*/
618typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
619struct sqlite3_file {
620  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
621};
622
623/*
624** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object {H11120} <S20110>
625**
626** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs] xOpen method populates an
627** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
628** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
629** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
630** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
631**
632** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
633** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
634** The second choice is a Mac OS-X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
635** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
636** and not its inode needs to be synced.
637**
638** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
639** <ul>
640** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
641** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
642** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
643** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
644** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
645** </ul>
646** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
647** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
648** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
649** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
650** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
651**
652** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
653** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
654** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
655** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
656** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
657** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
658** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
659** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
660** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
661** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
662** A [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
663** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
664** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.
665**
666** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
667** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
668** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
669** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
670** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
671** underlying device:
672**
673** <ul>
674** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
675** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
676** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
677** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
678** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
679** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
680** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
681** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
682** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
683** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
684** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
685** </ul>
686**
687** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
688** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
689** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
690** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
691** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
692** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
693** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
694** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
695** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
696** to xWrite().
697*/
698typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
699struct sqlite3_io_methods {
700  int iVersion;
701  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
702  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
703  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
704  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
705  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
706  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
707  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
708  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
709  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
710  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
711  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
712  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
713  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
714};
715
716/*
717** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes {H11310} <S30800>
718**
719** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
720** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
721** interface.
722**
723** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
724** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
725** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
726** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
727** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
728** is used during testing and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST
729** is defined.
730*/
731#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE        1
732
733/*
734** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle {H17110} <S20130>
735**
736** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
737** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
738** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
739** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
740**
741** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
742*/
743typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
744
745/*
746** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object {H11140} <S20100>
747**
748** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
749** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
750** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".
751**
752** The value of the iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger in
753** future versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
754** object when the iVersion value is increased.  Note that the structure
755** of the sqlite3_vfs object changes in the transaction between
756** SQLite version 3.5.9 and 3.6.0 and yet the iVersion field was not
757** modified.
758**
759** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
760** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
761** a pathname in this VFS.
762**
763** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
764** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
765** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
766** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
767** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
768** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
769**
770** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
771** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
772** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
773** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
774** object once the object has been registered.
775**
776** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
777** be unique across all VFS modules.
778**
779** {H11141} SQLite will guarantee that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
780** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
781** from xFullPathname().  SQLite further guarantees that
782** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
783** called. {END}  Because of the previous sentense,
784** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
785** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
786** If the zFilename parameter is xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
787** must invite its own temporary name for the file.  Whenever the
788** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
789** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
790**
791** {H11142} The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
792** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
793** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
794** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]. {END}
795** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
796** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
797**
798** {H11143} SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
799** call, depending on the object being opened:
800**
801** <ul>
802** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
803** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
804** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
805** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
806** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
807** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
808** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
809** </ul> {END}
810**
811** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
812** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
813** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
814** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
815** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
816** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
817** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
818** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
819**
820** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
821**
822** <ul>
823** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
824** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
825** </ul>
826**
827** {H11145} The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
828** deleted when it is closed.  {H11146} The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
829** will be set for TEMP  databases, journals and for subjournals.
830**
831** {H11147} The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag means the file should be opened
832** for exclusive access.  This flag is set for all files except
833** for the main database file.
834**
835** {H11148} At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
836** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
837** argument to xOpen. {END}  The xOpen method does not have to
838** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.
839**
840** {H11149} The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
841** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
842** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
843** to test whether a file is at least readable. {END}  The file can be a
844** directory.
845**
846** {H11150} SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
847** output buffer xFullPathname. {H11151} The exact size of the output buffer
848** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. {END}  If the output buffer
849** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
850** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
851** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
852**
853** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), and xCurrentTime() interfaces
854** are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
855** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
856** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
857** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
858** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
859** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
860** least the number of microseconds given.  The xCurrentTime()
861** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time.
862*/
863typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
864struct sqlite3_vfs {
865  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number */
866  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
867  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
868  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
869  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
870  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
871  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
872               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
873  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
874  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
875  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
876  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
877  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
878  void *(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol);
879  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
880  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
881  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
882  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
883  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
884  /* New fields may be appended in figure versions.  The iVersion
885  ** value will increment whenever this happens. */
886};
887
888/*
889** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method {H11190} <H11140>
890**
891** {H11191} These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
892** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object. {END}  They determine
893** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
894** {H11192} With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
895** simply checks whether the file exists.
896** {H11193} With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
897** checks whether the file is both readable and writable.
898** {H11194} With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
899** checks whether the file is readable.
900*/
901#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
902#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1
903#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2
904
905/*
906** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library {H10130} <S20000><S30100>
907**
908** The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
909** SQLite library.  The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
910** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
911**
912** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
913** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
914** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
915** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  Only an effective call
916** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
917** are harmless no-ops.
918**
919** Among other things, sqlite3_initialize() shall invoke
920** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, sqlite3_shutdown()
921** shall invoke sqlite3_os_end().
922**
923** The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success.
924** If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
925** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
926** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than SQLITE_OK.
927**
928** The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
929** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
930** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
931** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
932** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
933** already.  However, if SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT
934** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
935** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
936** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
937** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
938** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
939** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
940** when SQLite is compiled with SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT might become the
941** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
942**
943** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
944** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
945** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
946** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
947** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
948** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
949** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
950**
951** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
952** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
953** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
954** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
955** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
956** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
957** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for unix, windows, or os/2.
958** When built for other platforms (using the SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1 compile-time
959** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
960** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
961** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
962** must return SQLITE_OK on success and some other [error code] upon
963** failure.
964*/
965int sqlite3_initialize(void);
966int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
967int sqlite3_os_init(void);
968int sqlite3_os_end(void);
969
970/*
971** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library {H10145} <S20000><S30200>
972** EXPERIMENTAL
973**
974** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
975** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
976** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
977** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
978** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
979**
980** The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe.  The application
981** must insure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
982** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.  Furthermore, sqlite3_config()
983** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
984** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
985** Note, however, that sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
986** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
987**
988** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
989** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD | configuration option] that determines
990** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
991** vary depending on the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD | configuration option]
992** in the first argument.
993**
994** When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns SQLITE_OK.
995** If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
996** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
997*/
998SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
999
1000/*
1001** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections  {H10180} <S20000>
1002** EXPERIMENTAL
1003**
1004** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1005** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1006** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1007** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).  The
1008** sqlite3_db_config() interface can only be used immediately after
1009** the database connection is created using [sqlite3_open()],
1010** [sqlite3_open16()], or [sqlite3_open_v2()].
1011**
1012** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1013** configuration verb - an integer code that indicates what
1014** aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1015** The only choice for this value is [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE].
1016** New verbs are likely to be added in future releases of SQLite.
1017** Additional arguments depend on the verb.
1018*/
1019SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1020
1021/*
1022** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines {H10155} <S20120>
1023** EXPERIMENTAL
1024**
1025** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1026** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1027**
1028** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1029** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1030** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1031** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  By creating an instance of this object
1032** and passing it to [sqlite3_config()] during configuration, an
1033** application can specify an alternative memory allocation subsystem
1034** for SQLite to use for all of its dynamic memory needs.
1035**
1036** Note that SQLite comes with a built-in memory allocator that is
1037** perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1038** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1039** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1040** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1041** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1042** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1043** conditions.
1044**
1045** The xMalloc, xFree, and xRealloc methods must work like the
1046** malloc(), free(), and realloc() functions from the standard library.
1047**
1048** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1049** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1050** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1051**
1052** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1053** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1054** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1055** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1056**
1057** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  (For example,
1058** it might allocate any require mutexes or initialize internal data
1059** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1060** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1061** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1062** xInit and xShutdown.
1063*/
1064typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1065struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1066  void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1067  void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1068  void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1069  int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1070  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1071  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1072  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1073  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1074};
1075
1076/*
1077** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options {H10160} <S20000>
1078** EXPERIMENTAL
1079**
1080** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1081** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1082**
1083** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1084** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1085** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1086** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1087** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1088** is invoked.
1089**
1090** <dl>
1091** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1092** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  This option disables
1093** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1094** by a single thread.</dd>
1095**
1096** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1097** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  This option disables
1098** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1099** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1100** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1101** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1102** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1103** [database connection] at the same time.  See the [threading mode]
1104** documentation for additional information.</dd>
1105**
1106** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1107** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  This option enables
1108** all mutexes including the recursive
1109** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1110** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1111** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1112** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1113** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1114** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1115** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.</dd>
1116**
1117** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1118** <dd>This option takes a single argument which is a pointer to an
1119** instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.  The argument specifies
1120** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1121** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.</dd>
1122**
1123** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1124** <dd>This option takes a single argument which is a pointer to an
1125** instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.  The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1126** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.
1127** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1128** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1129** tracks memory usage, for example.</dd>
1130**
1131** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1132** <dd>This option takes single argument of type int, interpreted as a
1133** boolean, which enables or disables the collection of memory allocation
1134** statistics. When disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become
1135** non-operational:
1136**   <ul>
1137**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1138**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1139**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit()]
1140**   <li> [sqlite3_status()]
1141**   </ul>
1142** </dd>
1143**
1144** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1145** <dd>This option specifies a static memory buffer that SQLite can use for
1146** scratch memory.  There are three arguments:  A pointer to the memory, the
1147** size of each scratch buffer (sz), and the number of buffers (N).  The sz
1148** argument must be a multiple of 16. The sz parameter should be a few bytes
1149** larger than the actual scratch space required due internal overhead.
1150** The first
1151** argument should point to an allocation of at least sz*N bytes of memory.
1152** SQLite will use no more than one scratch buffer at once per thread, so
1153** N should be set to the expected maximum number of threads.  The sz
1154** parameter should be 6 times the size of the largest database page size.
1155** Scratch buffers are used as part of the btree balance operation.  If
1156** The btree balancer needs additional memory beyond what is provided by
1157** scratch buffers or if no scratch buffer space is specified, then SQLite
1158** goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] to obtain the memory it needs.</dd>
1159**
1160** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1161** <dd>This option specifies a static memory buffer that SQLite can use for
1162** the database page cache.  There are three arguments: A pointer to the
1163** memory, the size of each page buffer (sz), and the number of pages (N).
1164** The sz argument must be a power of two between 512 and 32768.  The first
1165** argument should point to an allocation of at least sz*N bytes of memory.
1166** SQLite will use the memory provided by the first argument to satisfy its
1167** memory needs for the first N pages that it adds to cache.  If additional
1168** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by this option, then
1169** SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] for the additional storage space.
1170** The implementation might use one or more of the N buffers to hold
1171** memory accounting information. </dd>
1172**
1173** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1174** <dd>This option specifies a static memory buffer that SQLite will use
1175** for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs beyond those provided
1176** for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1177** There are three arguments: A pointer to the memory, the number of
1178** bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.  If
1179** the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1180** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1181** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  If the
1182** memory pointer is not NULL and either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or
1183** [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] are defined, then the alternative memory
1184** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.</dd>
1185**
1186** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1187** <dd>This option takes a single argument which is a pointer to an
1188** instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The argument specifies
1189** alternative low-level mutex routines to be used in place
1190** the mutex routines built into SQLite.</dd>
1191**
1192** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1193** <dd>This option takes a single argument which is a pointer to an
1194** instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1195** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1196** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.
1197** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1198** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1199** profiling or testing, for example.</dd>
1200**
1201** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1202** <dd>This option takes two arguments that determine the default
1203** memory allcation lookaside optimization.  The first argument is the
1204** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1205** slots allocated to each database connection.</dd>
1206**
1207** </dl>
1208*/
1209#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
1210#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
1211#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
1212#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1213#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1214#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1215#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1216#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
1217#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
1218#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1219#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1220#define SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC   12  /* int threshold */
1221#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
1222
1223/*
1224** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options {H10170} <S20000>
1225** EXPERIMENTAL
1226**
1227** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1228** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
1229**
1230** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1231** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1232** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
1233** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
1234** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1235** is invoked.
1236**
1237** <dl>
1238** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1239** <dd>This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
1240** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
1241** The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
1242** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.  The first
1243** argument may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the lookaside
1244** buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()].  The second argument is the
1245** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the third argument is the number of
1246** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
1247** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.</dd>
1248**
1249** </dl>
1250*/
1251#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE    1001  /* void* int int */
1252
1253
1254/*
1255** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes {H12200} <S10700>
1256**
1257** The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
1258** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. The extended result
1259** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility considerations.
1260**
1261** INVARIANTS:
1262**
1263** {H12201} Each new [database connection] shall have the
1264**          [extended result codes] feature disabled by default.
1265**
1266** {H12202} The [sqlite3_extended_result_codes(D,F)] interface shall enable
1267**          [extended result codes] for the  [database connection] D
1268**          if the F parameter is true, or disable them if F is false.
1269*/
1270int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
1271
1272/*
1273** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid {H12220} <S10700>
1274**
1275** Each entry in an SQLite table has a unique 64-bit signed
1276** integer key called the "rowid". The rowid is always available
1277** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
1278** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. If
1279** the table has a column of type INTEGER PRIMARY KEY then that column
1280** is another alias for the rowid.
1281**
1282** This routine returns the rowid of the most recent
1283** successful INSERT into the database from the [database connection]
1284** in the first argument.  If no successful INSERTs
1285** have ever occurred on that database connection, zero is returned.
1286**
1287** If an INSERT occurs within a trigger, then the rowid of the inserted
1288** row is returned by this routine as long as the trigger is running.
1289** But once the trigger terminates, the value returned by this routine
1290** reverts to the last value inserted before the trigger fired.
1291**
1292** An INSERT that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
1293** successful INSERT and does not change the value returned by this
1294** routine.  Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
1295** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
1296** routine when their insertion fails.  When INSERT OR REPLACE
1297** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
1298** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
1299** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
1300** the return value of this interface.
1301**
1302** For the purposes of this routine, an INSERT is considered to
1303** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
1304**
1305** INVARIANTS:
1306**
1307** {H12221} The [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] function returns the rowid
1308**          of the most recent successful INSERT performed on the same
1309**          [database connection] and within the same or higher level
1310**          trigger context, or zero if there have been no qualifying inserts.
1311**
1312** {H12223} The [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] function returns the
1313**          same value when called from the same trigger context
1314**          immediately before and after a ROLLBACK.
1315**
1316** ASSUMPTIONS:
1317**
1318** {A12232} If a separate thread performs a new INSERT on the same
1319**          database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
1320**          function is running and thus changes the last insert rowid,
1321**          then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
1322**          unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
1323**          last insert rowid.
1324*/
1325sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
1326
1327/*
1328** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified {H12240} <S10600>
1329**
1330** This function returns the number of database rows that were changed
1331** or inserted or deleted by the most recently completed SQL statement
1332** on the [database connection] specified by the first parameter.
1333** Only changes that are directly specified by the INSERT, UPDATE,
1334** or DELETE statement are counted.  Auxiliary changes caused by
1335** triggers are not counted. Use the [sqlite3_total_changes()] function
1336** to find the total number of changes including changes caused by triggers.
1337**
1338** A "row change" is a change to a single row of a single table
1339** caused by an INSERT, DELETE, or UPDATE statement.  Rows that
1340** are changed as side effects of REPLACE constraint resolution,
1341** rollback, ABORT processing, DROP TABLE, or by any other
1342** mechanisms do not count as direct row changes.
1343**
1344** A "trigger context" is a scope of execution that begins and
1345** ends with the script of a trigger.  Most SQL statements are
1346** evaluated outside of any trigger.  This is the "top level"
1347** trigger context.  If a trigger fires from the top level, a
1348** new trigger context is entered for the duration of that one
1349** trigger.  Subtriggers create subcontexts for their duration.
1350**
1351** Calling [sqlite3_exec()] or [sqlite3_step()] recursively does
1352** not create a new trigger context.
1353**
1354** This function returns the number of direct row changes in the
1355** most recent INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement within the same
1356** trigger context.
1357**
1358** Thus, when called from the top level, this function returns the
1359** number of changes in the most recent INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
1360** that also occurred at the top level.  Within the body of a trigger,
1361** the sqlite3_changes() interface can be called to find the number of
1362** changes in the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
1363** statement within the body of the same trigger.
1364** However, the number returned does not include changes
1365** caused by subtriggers since those have their own context.
1366**
1367** SQLite implements the command "DELETE FROM table" without a WHERE clause
1368** by dropping and recreating the table.  (This is much faster than going
1369** through and deleting individual elements from the table.)  Because of this
1370** optimization, the deletions in "DELETE FROM table" are not row changes and
1371** will not be counted by the sqlite3_changes() or [sqlite3_total_changes()]
1372** functions, regardless of the number of elements that were originally
1373** in the table.  To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
1374** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
1375**
1376** INVARIANTS:
1377**
1378** {H12241} The [sqlite3_changes()] function shall return the number of
1379**          row changes caused by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE,
1380**          or DELETE statement on the same database connection and
1381**          within the same or higher trigger context, or zero if there have
1382**          not been any qualifying row changes.
1383**
1384** {H12243} Statements of the form "DELETE FROM tablename" with no
1385**          WHERE clause shall cause subsequent calls to
1386**          [sqlite3_changes()] to return zero, regardless of the
1387**          number of rows originally in the table.
1388**
1389** ASSUMPTIONS:
1390**
1391** {A12252} If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
1392**          while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
1393**          is unpredictable and not meaningful.
1394*/
1395int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
1396
1397/*
1398** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified {H12260} <S10600>
1399**
1400** This function returns the number of row changes caused by INSERT,
1401** UPDATE or DELETE statements since the [database connection] was opened.
1402** The count includes all changes from all trigger contexts.  However,
1403** the count does not include changes used to implement REPLACE constraints,
1404** do rollbacks or ABORT processing, or DROP table processing.
1405** The changes are counted as soon as the statement that makes them is
1406** completed (when the statement handle is passed to [sqlite3_reset()] or
1407** [sqlite3_finalize()]).
1408**
1409** SQLite implements the command "DELETE FROM table" without a WHERE clause
1410** by dropping and recreating the table.  (This is much faster than going
1411** through and deleting individual elements from the table.)  Because of this
1412** optimization, the deletions in "DELETE FROM table" are not row changes and
1413** will not be counted by the sqlite3_changes() or [sqlite3_total_changes()]
1414** functions, regardless of the number of elements that were originally
1415** in the table.  To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
1416** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
1417**
1418** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface.
1419**
1420** INVARIANTS:
1421**
1422** {H12261} The [sqlite3_total_changes()] returns the total number
1423**          of row changes caused by INSERT, UPDATE, and/or DELETE
1424**          statements on the same [database connection], in any
1425**          trigger context, since the database connection was created.
1426**
1427** {H12263} Statements of the form "DELETE FROM tablename" with no
1428**          WHERE clause shall not change the value returned
1429**          by [sqlite3_total_changes()].
1430**
1431** ASSUMPTIONS:
1432**
1433** {A12264} If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
1434**          while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
1435**          returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
1436*/
1437int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
1438
1439/*
1440** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query {H12270} <S30500>
1441**
1442** This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
1443** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
1444** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
1445** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
1446** immediately.
1447**
1448** It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
1449** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
1450** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
1451** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
1452**
1453** If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
1454** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
1455** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
1456**
1457** An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
1458** If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
1459** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
1460** will be rolled back automatically.
1461**
1462** A call to sqlite3_interrupt() has no effect on SQL statements
1463** that are started after sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
1464**
1465** INVARIANTS:
1466**
1467** {H12271} The [sqlite3_interrupt()] interface will force all running
1468**          SQL statements associated with the same database connection
1469**          to halt after processing at most one additional row of data.
1470**
1471** {H12272} Any SQL statement that is interrupted by [sqlite3_interrupt()]
1472**          will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
1473**
1474** ASSUMPTIONS:
1475**
1476** {A12279} If the database connection closes while [sqlite3_interrupt()]
1477**          is running then bad things will likely happen.
1478*/
1479void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
1480
1481/*
1482** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete {H10510} <S70200>
1483**
1484** These routines are useful for command-line input to determine if the
1485** currently entered text seems to form complete a SQL statement or
1486** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
1487** SQLite for parsing.  These routines return true if the input string
1488** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  A statement is judged to be
1489** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a fragment of a
1490** CREATE TRIGGER statement.  Semicolons that are embedded within
1491** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
1492** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
1493** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.
1494**
1495** These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
1496** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
1497**
1498** INVARIANTS:
1499**
1500** {H10511} A successful evaluation of [sqlite3_complete()] or
1501**          [sqlite3_complete16()] functions shall
1502**          return a numeric 1 if and only if the last non-whitespace
1503**          token in their input is a semicolon that is not in between
1504**          the BEGIN and END of a CREATE TRIGGER statement.
1505**
1506** {H10512} If a memory allocation error occurs during an invocation
1507**          of [sqlite3_complete()] or [sqlite3_complete16()] then the
1508**          routine shall return [SQLITE_NOMEM].
1509**
1510** ASSUMPTIONS:
1511**
1512** {A10512} The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
1513**          UTF-8 string.
1514**
1515** {A10513} The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
1516**          UTF-16 string in native byte order.
1517*/
1518int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
1519int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
1520
1521/*
1522** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors {H12310} <S40400>
1523**
1524** This routine sets a callback function that might be invoked whenever
1525** an attempt is made to open a database table that another thread
1526** or process has locked.
1527**
1528** If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED]
1529** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock. If the busy callback
1530** is not NULL, then the callback will be invoked with two arguments.
1531**
1532** The first argument to the handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
1533** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  The second argument to
1534** the handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
1535** been invoked for this locking event.  If the
1536** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
1537** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED] is returned.
1538** If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
1539** is made to open the database for reading and the cycle repeats.
1540**
1541** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
1542** when there is lock contention. If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
1543** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
1544** or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED] instead of invoking the busy handler.
1545** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
1546** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
1547** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
1548** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
1549** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
1550** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
1551** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
1552** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
1553** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
1554** the second process to proceed.
1555**
1556** The default busy callback is NULL.
1557**
1558** The [SQLITE_BUSY] error is converted to [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED]
1559** when SQLite is in the middle of a large transaction where all the
1560** changes will not fit into the in-memory cache.  SQLite will
1561** already hold a RESERVED lock on the database file, but it needs
1562** to promote this lock to EXCLUSIVE so that it can spill cache
1563** pages into the database file without harm to concurrent
1564** readers.  If it is unable to promote the lock, then the in-memory
1565** cache will be left in an inconsistent state and so the error
1566** code is promoted from the relatively benign [SQLITE_BUSY] to
1567** the more severe [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED].  This error code promotion
1568** forces an automatic rollback of the changes.  See the
1569** <a href="/cvstrac/wiki?p=CorruptionFollowingBusyError">
1570** CorruptionFollowingBusyError</a> wiki page for a discussion of why
1571** this is important.
1572**
1573** There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
1574** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
1575** previously set handler.  Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
1576** will also set or clear the busy handler.
1577**
1578** INVARIANTS:
1579**
1580** {H12311} The [sqlite3_busy_handler(D,C,A)] function shall replace
1581**          busy callback in the [database connection] D with a new
1582**          a new busy handler C and application data pointer A.
1583**
1584** {H12312} Newly created [database connections] shall have a busy
1585**          handler of NULL.
1586**
1587** {H12314} When two or more [database connections] share a
1588**          [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache | common cache],
1589**          the busy handler for the database connection currently using
1590**          the cache shall be invoked when the cache encounters a lock.
1591**
1592** {H12316} If a busy handler callback returns zero, then the SQLite interface
1593**          that provoked the locking event shall return [SQLITE_BUSY].
1594**
1595** {H12318} SQLite shall invokes the busy handler with two arguments which
1596**          are a copy of the pointer supplied by the 3rd parameter to
1597**          [sqlite3_busy_handler()] and a count of the number of prior
1598**          invocations of the busy handler for the same locking event.
1599**
1600** ASSUMPTIONS:
1601**
1602** {A12319} A busy handler must not close the database connection
1603**          or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
1604*/
1605int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*,int), void*);
1606
1607/*
1608** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout {H12340} <S40410>
1609**
1610** This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
1611** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  The handler
1612** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
1613** have accumulated. {H12343} After "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
1614** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
1615** [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED].
1616**
1617** Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
1618** turns off all busy handlers.
1619**
1620** There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
1621** [database connection] any any given moment.  If another busy handler
1622** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
1623** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.
1624**
1625** INVARIANTS:
1626**
1627** {H12341} The [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] function shall override any prior
1628**          [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] or [sqlite3_busy_handler()] setting
1629**          on the same [database connection].
1630**
1631** {H12343} If the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] is less than
1632**          or equal to zero, then the busy handler shall be cleared so that
1633**          all subsequent locking events immediately return [SQLITE_BUSY].
1634**
1635** {H12344} If the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] is a positive
1636**          number N, then a busy handler shall be set that repeatedly calls
1637**          the xSleep() method in the [sqlite3_vfs | VFS interface] until
1638**          either the lock clears or until the cumulative sleep time
1639**          reported back by xSleep() exceeds N milliseconds.
1640*/
1641int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
1642
1643/*
1644** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries {H12370} <S10000>
1645**
1646** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
1647** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
1648** complete query results from one or more queries.
1649**
1650** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
1651** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
1652** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
1653** and M be the number of columns.
1654**
1655** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
1656** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
1657** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
1658** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
1659** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
1660** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
1661**
1662** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
1663** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
1664** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
1665**
1666** As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
1667** is as follows:
1668**
1669** <blockquote><pre>
1670**        Name        | Age
1671**        -----------------------
1672**        Alice       | 43
1673**        Bob         | 28
1674**        Cindy       | 21
1675** </pre></blockquote>
1676**
1677** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
1678** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
1679** in an array names azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
1680**
1681** <blockquote><pre>
1682**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
1683**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
1684**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
1685**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
1686**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
1687**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
1688**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
1689**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
1690** </pre></blockquote>
1691**
1692** The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
1693** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
1694** string of its 2nd parameter.  It returns a result table to the
1695** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
1696**
1697** After the calling function has finished using the result, it should
1698** pass the pointer to the result table to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
1699** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
1700** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
1701** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
1702** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
1703**
1704** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
1705** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
1706** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
1707** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
1708** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
1709** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or [sqlite3_errmsg()].
1710**
1711** INVARIANTS:
1712**
1713** {H12371} If a [sqlite3_get_table()] fails a memory allocation, then
1714**          it shall free the result table under construction, abort the
1715**          query in process, skip any subsequent queries, set the
1716**          *pazResult output pointer to NULL and return [SQLITE_NOMEM].
1717**
1718** {H12373} If the pnColumn parameter to [sqlite3_get_table()] is not NULL
1719**          then a successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] shall
1720**          write the number of columns in the
1721**          result set of the query into *pnColumn.
1722**
1723** {H12374} If the pnRow parameter to [sqlite3_get_table()] is not NULL
1724**          then a successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] shall
1725**          writes the number of rows in the
1726**          result set of the query into *pnRow.
1727**
1728** {H12376} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] that computes
1729**          N rows of result with C columns per row shall make *pazResult
1730**          point to an array of pointers to (N+1)*C strings where the first
1731**          C strings are column names as obtained from
1732**          [sqlite3_column_name()] and the rest are column result values
1733**          obtained from [sqlite3_column_text()].
1734**
1735** {H12379} The values in the pazResult array returned by [sqlite3_get_table()]
1736**          shall remain valid until cleared by [sqlite3_free_table()].
1737**
1738** {H12382} When an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_get_table()]
1739**          the function shall set *pazResult to NULL, write an error message
1740**          into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()], make
1741**          **pzErrmsg point to that error message, and return a
1742**          appropriate [error code].
1743*/
1744int sqlite3_get_table(
1745  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
1746  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
1747  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
1748  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
1749  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
1750  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
1751);
1752void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
1753
1754/*
1755** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions {H17400} <S70000><S20000>
1756**
1757** These routines are workalikes of the "printf()" family of functions
1758** from the standard C library.
1759**
1760** The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
1761** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
1762** The strings returned by these two routines should be
1763** released by [sqlite3_free()].  Both routines return a
1764** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc()] is unable to allocate enough
1765** memory to hold the resulting string.
1766**
1767** In sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
1768** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
1769** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
1770** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
1771** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().  This is an
1772** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
1773** backwards compatibility.  Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
1774** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
1775** characters actually written into the buffer.  We admit that
1776** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
1777** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
1778** now without breaking compatibility.
1779**
1780** As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
1781** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  The first
1782** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
1783** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
1784** written will be n-1 characters.
1785**
1786** These routines all implement some additional formatting
1787** options that are useful for constructing SQL statements.
1788** All of the usual printf() formatting options apply.  In addition, there
1789** is are "%q", "%Q", and "%z" options.
1790**
1791** The %q option works like %s in that it substitutes a null-terminated
1792** string from the argument list.  But %q also doubles every '\'' character.
1793** %q is designed for use inside a string literal.  By doubling each '\''
1794** character it escapes that character and allows it to be inserted into
1795** the string.
1796**
1797** For example, assume the string variable zText contains text as follows:
1798**
1799** <blockquote><pre>
1800**  char *zText = "It's a happy day!";
1801** </pre></blockquote>
1802**
1803** One can use this text in an SQL statement as follows:
1804**
1805** <blockquote><pre>
1806**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES('%q')", zText);
1807**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
1808**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
1809** </pre></blockquote>
1810**
1811** Because the %q format string is used, the '\'' character in zText
1812** is escaped and the SQL generated is as follows:
1813**
1814** <blockquote><pre>
1815**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It''s a happy day!')
1816** </pre></blockquote>
1817**
1818** This is correct.  Had we used %s instead of %q, the generated SQL
1819** would have looked like this:
1820**
1821** <blockquote><pre>
1822**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It's a happy day!');
1823** </pre></blockquote>
1824**
1825** This second example is an SQL syntax error.  As a general rule you should
1826** always use %q instead of %s when inserting text into a string literal.
1827**
1828** The %Q option works like %q except it also adds single quotes around
1829** the outside of the total string.  Additionally, if the parameter in the
1830** argument list is a NULL pointer, %Q substitutes the text "NULL" (without
1831** single quotes) in place of the %Q option.  So, for example, one could say:
1832**
1833** <blockquote><pre>
1834**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES(%Q)", zText);
1835**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
1836**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
1837** </pre></blockquote>
1838**
1839** The code above will render a correct SQL statement in the zSQL
1840** variable even if the zText variable is a NULL pointer.
1841**
1842** The "%z" formatting option works exactly like "%s" with the
1843** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
1844** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string. {END}
1845**
1846** INVARIANTS:
1847**
1848** {H17403}  The [sqlite3_mprintf()] and [sqlite3_vmprintf()] interfaces
1849**           return either pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings held in
1850**           memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] or NULL pointers if
1851**           a call to [sqlite3_malloc()] fails.
1852**
1853** {H17406}  The [sqlite3_snprintf()] interface writes a zero-terminated
1854**           UTF-8 string into the buffer pointed to by the second parameter
1855**           provided that the first parameter is greater than zero.
1856**
1857** {H17407}  The [sqlite3_snprintf()] interface does not write slots of
1858**           its output buffer (the second parameter) outside the range
1859**           of 0 through N-1 (where N is the first parameter)
1860**           regardless of the length of the string
1861**           requested by the format specification.
1862*/
1863char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
1864char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
1865char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
1866
1867/*
1868** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem {H17300} <S20000>
1869**
1870** The SQLite core  uses these three routines for all of its own
1871** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
1872** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
1873** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
1874**
1875** The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
1876** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
1877** If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
1878** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  If the parameter N to
1879** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
1880** a NULL pointer.
1881**
1882** Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
1883** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
1884** that it might be reused.  The sqlite3_free() routine is
1885** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
1886** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
1887** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
1888** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
1889** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
1890** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
1891** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_free().
1892**
1893** The sqlite3_realloc() interface attempts to resize a
1894** prior memory allocation to be at least N bytes, where N is the
1895** second parameter.  The memory allocation to be resized is the first
1896** parameter.  If the first parameter to sqlite3_realloc()
1897** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
1898** sqlite3_malloc(N) where N is the second parameter to sqlite3_realloc().
1899** If the second parameter to sqlite3_realloc() is zero or
1900** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
1901** sqlite3_free(P) where P is the first parameter to sqlite3_realloc().
1902** sqlite3_realloc() returns a pointer to a memory allocation
1903** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if sufficient memory is unavailable.
1904** If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
1905** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
1906** by sqlite3_realloc() and the prior allocation is freed.
1907** If sqlite3_realloc() returns NULL, then the prior allocation
1908** is not freed.
1909**
1910** The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc() and sqlite3_realloc()
1911** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary. {END}
1912**
1913** The default implementation of the memory allocation subsystem uses
1914** the malloc(), realloc() and free() provided by the standard C library.
1915** {H17382} However, if SQLite is compiled with the
1916** SQLITE_MEMORY_SIZE=<i>NNN</i> C preprocessor macro (where <i>NNN</i>
1917** is an integer), then SQLite create a static array of at least
1918** <i>NNN</i> bytes in size and uses that array for all of its dynamic
1919** memory allocation needs. {END}  Additional memory allocator options
1920** may be added in future releases.
1921**
1922** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
1923** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in
1924** implementation of these routines to be omitted.  That capability
1925** is no longer provided.  Only built-in memory allocators can be used.
1926**
1927** The Windows OS interface layer calls
1928** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
1929** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
1930** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
1931** installation.  Memory allocation errors are detected, but
1932** they are reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
1933** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
1934**
1935** INVARIANTS:
1936**
1937** {H17303}  The [sqlite3_malloc(N)] interface returns either a pointer to
1938**           a newly checked-out block of at least N bytes of memory
1939**           that is 8-byte aligned, or it returns NULL if it is unable
1940**           to fulfill the request.
1941**
1942** {H17304}  The [sqlite3_malloc(N)] interface returns a NULL pointer if
1943**           N is less than or equal to zero.
1944**
1945** {H17305}  The [sqlite3_free(P)] interface releases memory previously
1946**           returned from [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()],
1947**           making it available for reuse.
1948**
1949** {H17306}  A call to [sqlite3_free(NULL)] is a harmless no-op.
1950**
1951** {H17310}  A call to [sqlite3_realloc(0,N)] is equivalent to a call
1952**           to [sqlite3_malloc(N)].
1953**
1954** {H17312}  A call to [sqlite3_realloc(P,0)] is equivalent to a call
1955**           to [sqlite3_free(P)].
1956**
1957** {H17315}  The SQLite core uses [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_realloc()],
1958**           and [sqlite3_free()] for all of its memory allocation and
1959**           deallocation needs.
1960**
1961** {H17318}  The [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] interface returns either a pointer
1962**           to a block of checked-out memory of at least N bytes in size
1963**           that is 8-byte aligned, or a NULL pointer.
1964**
1965** {H17321}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns a non-NULL pointer, it first
1966**           copies the first K bytes of content from P into the newly
1967**           allocated block, where K is the lesser of N and the size of
1968**           the buffer P.
1969**
1970** {H17322}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns a non-NULL pointer, it first
1971**           releases the buffer P.
1972**
1973** {H17323}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns NULL, the buffer P is
1974**           not modified or released.
1975**
1976** ASSUMPTIONS:
1977**
1978** {A17350}  The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
1979**           must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
1980**           invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
1981**           not yet been released.
1982**
1983** {A17351}  The application must not read or write any part of
1984**           a block of memory after it has been released using
1985**           [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
1986*/
1987void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
1988void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
1989void sqlite3_free(void*);
1990
1991/*
1992** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics {H17370} <S30210>
1993**
1994** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
1995** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
1996** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
1997**
1998** INVARIANTS:
1999**
2000** {H17371} The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2001**          of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2002**
2003** {H17373} The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2004**          value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2005**          was last reset.
2006**
2007** {H17374} The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2008**          [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2009**          added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2010**          but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2011**          routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2012**
2013** {H17375} The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2014**          [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2015**          [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  The value returned
2016**          by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2017**          prior to the reset.
2018*/
2019sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2020sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2021
2022/*
2023** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator {H17390} <S20000>
2024**
2025** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2026** select random ROWIDs when inserting new records into a table that
2027** already uses the largest possible ROWID.  The PRNG is also used for
2028** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2029** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2030**
2031** A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2032**
2033** The first time this routine is invoked (either internally or by
2034** the application) the PRNG is seeded using randomness obtained
2035** from the xRandomness method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2036** On all subsequent invocations, the pseudo-randomness is generated
2037** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2038** method.
2039**
2040** INVARIANTS:
2041**
2042** {H17392} The [sqlite3_randomness(N,P)] interface writes N bytes of
2043**          high-quality pseudo-randomness into buffer P.
2044*/
2045void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2046
2047/*
2048** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks {H12500} <S70100>
2049**
2050** This routine registers a authorizer callback with a particular
2051** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2052** The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2053** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2054** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  At various
2055** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2056** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2057** see if those actions are allowed.  The authorizer callback should
2058** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2059** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2060** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2061** rejected with an error.  If the authorizer callback returns
2062** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2063** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2064** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2065**
2066** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2067** requested is ok.  When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2068** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2069** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2070** access is denied.  If the authorizer code is [SQLITE_READ]
2071** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2072** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2073** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2074** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2075** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2076** columns of a table.
2077**
2078** The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2079** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. The second parameter
2080** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2081** the particular action to be authorized. The third through sixth parameters
2082** to the callback are zero-terminated strings that contain additional
2083** details about the action to be authorized.
2084**
2085** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2086** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2087** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2088** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2089** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2090** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
2091** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
2092** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
2093** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
2094** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
2095**
2096** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
2097** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
2098** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
2099** in addition to using an authorizer.
2100**
2101** Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
2102** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
2103** previous call.  Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
2104** The authorizer is disabled by default.
2105**
2106** When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
2107** statement might be reprepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
2108** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
2109** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
2110**
2111** Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
2112** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
2113** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()].
2114**
2115** INVARIANTS:
2116**
2117** {H12501} The [sqlite3_set_authorizer(D,...)] interface registers a
2118**          authorizer callback with database connection D.
2119**
2120** {H12502} The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are
2121**          being parseed and compiled.
2122**
2123** {H12503} If the authorizer callback returns any value other than
2124**          [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY], then
2125**          the application interface call that caused
2126**          the authorizer callback to run shall fail with an
2127**          [SQLITE_ERROR] error code and an appropriate error message.
2128**
2129** {H12504} When the authorizer callback returns [SQLITE_OK], the operation
2130**          described is processed normally.
2131**
2132** {H12505} When the authorizer callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2133**          application interface call that caused the
2134**          authorizer callback to run shall fail
2135**          with an [SQLITE_ERROR] error code and an error message
2136**          explaining that access is denied.
2137**
2138** {H12506} If the authorizer code (the 2nd parameter to the authorizer
2139**          callback) is [SQLITE_READ] and the authorizer callback returns
2140**          [SQLITE_IGNORE], then the prepared statement is constructed to
2141**          insert a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2142**          been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.
2143**
2144** {H12507} If the authorizer code (the 2nd parameter to the authorizer
2145**          callback) is anything other than [SQLITE_READ], then
2146**          a return of [SQLITE_IGNORE] has the same effect as [SQLITE_DENY].
2147**
2148** {H12510} The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of
2149**          the third parameter to the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface.
2150**
2151** {H12511} The second parameter to the callback is an integer
2152**          [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies the particular action
2153**          to be authorized.
2154**
2155** {H12512} The third through sixth parameters to the callback are
2156**          zero-terminated strings that contain
2157**          additional details about the action to be authorized.
2158**
2159** {H12520} Each call to [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] overrides
2160**          any previously installed authorizer.
2161**
2162** {H12521} A NULL authorizer means that no authorization
2163**          callback is invoked.
2164**
2165** {H12522} The default authorizer is NULL.
2166*/
2167int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
2168  sqlite3*,
2169  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
2170  void *pUserData
2171);
2172
2173/*
2174** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes {H12590} <H12500>
2175**
2176** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
2177** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
2178** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
2179** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
2180** information.
2181*/
2182#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
2183#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
2184
2185/*
2186** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes {H12550} <H12500>
2187**
2188** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
2189** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
2190** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
2191** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
2192** the authorizer callback may be passed.
2193**
2194** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
2195** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
2196** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
2197** codes is used as the second parameter.  The 5th parameter to the
2198** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
2199** etc.) if applicable.  The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
2200** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
2201** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
2202** top-level SQL code.
2203**
2204** INVARIANTS:
2205**
2206** {H12551} The second parameter to an
2207**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] shall be an integer
2208**          [SQLITE_COPY | authorizer code] that specifies what action
2209**          is being authorized.
2210**
2211** {H12552} The 3rd and 4th parameters to the
2212**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorization callback]
2213**          shall be parameters or NULL depending on which
2214**          [SQLITE_COPY | authorizer code] is used as the second parameter.
2215**
2216** {H12553} The 5th parameter to the
2217**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] shall be the name
2218**          of the database (example: "main", "temp", etc.) if applicable.
2219**
2220** {H12554} The 6th parameter to the
2221**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] shall be the name
2222**          of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
2223**          the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
2224**          top-level SQL code.
2225*/
2226/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
2227#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2228#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2229#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2230#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2231#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2232#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
2233#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2234#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
2235#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2236#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2237#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2238#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2239#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2240#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2241#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
2242#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2243#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
2244#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2245#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
2246#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2247#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
2248#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* NULL            NULL            */
2249#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2250#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
2251#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
2252#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
2253#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
2254#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2255#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2256#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2257#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* Function Name   NULL            */
2258#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
2259
2260/*
2261** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions {H12280} <S60400>
2262** EXPERIMENTAL
2263**
2264** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
2265** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
2266**
2267** The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
2268** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
2269** The callback returns a UTF-8 rendering of the SQL statement text
2270** as the statement first begins executing.  Additional callbacks occur
2271** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
2272** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.
2273**
2274** The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
2275** as each SQL statement finishes.  The profile callback contains
2276** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
2277** of how long that statement took to run.
2278**
2279** INVARIANTS:
2280**
2281** {H12281} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_trace()]
2282**          shall be invoked
2283**          whenever an SQL statement first begins to execute and
2284**          whenever a trigger subprogram first begins to run.
2285**
2286** {H12282} Each call to [sqlite3_trace()] shall override the previously
2287**          registered trace callback.
2288**
2289** {H12283} A NULL trace callback shall disable tracing.
2290**
2291** {H12284} The first argument to the trace callback shall be a copy of
2292**          the pointer which was the 3rd argument to [sqlite3_trace()].
2293**
2294** {H12285} The second argument to the trace callback is a
2295**          zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the original text
2296**          of the SQL statement as it was passed into [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
2297**          or the equivalent, or an SQL comment indicating the beginning
2298**          of a trigger subprogram.
2299**
2300** {H12287} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_profile()] is invoked
2301**          as each SQL statement finishes.
2302**
2303** {H12288} The first parameter to the profile callback is a copy of
2304**          the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_profile()].
2305**
2306** {H12289} The second parameter to the profile callback is a
2307**          zero-terminated UTF-8 string that contains the complete text of
2308**          the SQL statement as it was processed by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
2309**          or the equivalent.
2310**
2311** {H12290} The third parameter to the profile callback is an estimate
2312**          of the number of nanoseconds of wall-clock time required to
2313**          run the SQL statement from start to finish.
2314*/
2315SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
2316SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
2317   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
2318
2319/*
2320** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks {H12910} <S60400>
2321**
2322** This routine configures a callback function - the
2323** progress callback - that is invoked periodically during long
2324** running calls to [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and
2325** [sqlite3_get_table()].  An example use for this
2326** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
2327**
2328** If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
2329** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
2330** "Cancel" button on a GUI dialog box.
2331**
2332** INVARIANTS:
2333**
2334** {H12911} The callback function registered by sqlite3_progress_handler()
2335**          is invoked periodically during long running calls to
2336**          [sqlite3_step()].
2337**
2338** {H12912} The progress callback is invoked once for every N virtual
2339**          machine opcodes, where N is the second argument to
2340**          the [sqlite3_progress_handler()] call that registered
2341**          the callback.  If N is less than 1, sqlite3_progress_handler()
2342**          acts as if a NULL progress handler had been specified.
2343**
2344** {H12913} The progress callback itself is identified by the third
2345**          argument to sqlite3_progress_handler().
2346**
2347** {H12914} The fourth argument to sqlite3_progress_handler() is a
2348**          void pointer passed to the progress callback
2349**          function each time it is invoked.
2350**
2351** {H12915} If a call to [sqlite3_step()] results in fewer than N opcodes
2352**          being executed, then the progress callback is never invoked.
2353**
2354** {H12916} Every call to [sqlite3_progress_handler()]
2355**          overwrites any previously registered progress handler.
2356**
2357** {H12917} If the progress handler callback is NULL then no progress
2358**          handler is invoked.
2359**
2360** {H12918} If the progress callback returns a result other than 0, then
2361**          the behavior is a if [sqlite3_interrupt()] had been called.
2362**          <S30500>
2363*/
2364void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
2365
2366/*
2367** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection {H12700} <S40200>
2368**
2369** These routines open an SQLite database file whose name is given by the
2370** filename argument. The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
2371** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
2372** order for sqlite3_open16(). A [database connection] handle is usually
2373** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
2374** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
2375** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
2376** object. If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
2377** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.  The
2378** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
2379** an English language description of the error.
2380**
2381** The default encoding for the database will be UTF-8 if
2382** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2() is called and
2383** UTF-16 in the native byte order if sqlite3_open16() is used.
2384**
2385** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
2386** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
2387** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
2388**
2389** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
2390** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
2391** over the new database connection.  The flags parameter can take one of
2392** the following three values, optionally combined with the
2393** [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] or [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flags:
2394**
2395** <dl>
2396** <dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
2397** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
2398** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>
2399**
2400** <dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
2401** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
2402** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
2403** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>
2404**
2405** <dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
2406** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is creates it if
2407** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
2408** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>
2409** </dl>
2410**
2411** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
2412** combinations shown above or one of the combinations shown above combined
2413** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] or [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flags,
2414** then the behavior is undefined.
2415**
2416** If the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] flag is set, then the database connection
2417** opens in the multi-thread [threading mode] as long as the single-thread
2418** mode has not been set at compile-time or start-time.  If the
2419** [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flag is set then the database connection opens
2420** in the serialized [threading mode] unless single-thread was
2421** previously selected at compile-time or start-time.
2422**
2423** If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
2424** is created for the connection.  This in-memory database will vanish when
2425** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
2426** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
2427** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
2428** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
2429** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
2430**
2431** If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
2432** on-disk database will be created.  This private database will be
2433** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
2434**
2435** The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
2436** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
2437** the new database connection should use.  If the fourth parameter is
2438** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
2439**
2440** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
2441** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
2442** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
2443** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
2444** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
2445**
2446** INVARIANTS:
2447**
2448** {H12701} The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
2449**          [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces create a new
2450**          [database connection] associated with
2451**          the database file given in their first parameter.
2452**
2453** {H12702} The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8
2454**          for [sqlite3_open()] and [sqlite3_open_v2()] and as UTF-16
2455**          in the native byte order for [sqlite3_open16()].
2456**
2457** {H12703} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
2458**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()] writes a pointer to a new
2459**          [database connection] into *ppDb.
2460**
2461** {H12704} The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
2462**          [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces return [SQLITE_OK] upon success,
2463**          or an appropriate [error code] on failure.
2464**
2465** {H12706} The default text encoding for a new database created using
2466**          [sqlite3_open()] or [sqlite3_open_v2()] will be UTF-8.
2467**
2468** {H12707} The default text encoding for a new database created using
2469**          [sqlite3_open16()] will be UTF-16.
2470**
2471** {H12709} The [sqlite3_open(F,D)] interface is equivalent to
2472**          [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,0)] where the G parameter is
2473**          [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]|[SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
2474**
2475** {H12711} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
2476**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] then the database is opened
2477**          for reading only.
2478**
2479** {H12712} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
2480**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] then the database is opened
2481**          reading and writing if possible, or for reading only if the
2482**          file is write protected by the operating system.
2483**
2484** {H12713} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] omits the
2485**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] and the database does not
2486**          previously exist, an error is returned.
2487**
2488** {H12714} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
2489**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] and the database does not
2490**          previously exist, then an attempt is made to create and
2491**          initialize the database.
2492**
2493** {H12717} If the filename argument to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
2494**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()] is ":memory:", then an private,
2495**          ephemeral, in-memory database is created for the connection.
2496**          <todo>Is SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE required
2497**          in sqlite3_open_v2()?</todo>
2498**
2499** {H12719} If the filename is NULL or an empty string, then a private,
2500**          ephemeral on-disk database will be created.
2501**          <todo>Is SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE required
2502**          in sqlite3_open_v2()?</todo>
2503**
2504** {H12721} The [database connection] created by [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)]
2505**          will use the [sqlite3_vfs] object identified by the V parameter,
2506**          or the default [sqlite3_vfs] object if V is a NULL pointer.
2507**
2508** {H12723} Two [database connections] will share a common cache if both were
2509**          opened with the same VFS while [shared cache mode] was enabled and
2510**          if both filenames compare equal using memcmp() after having been
2511**          processed by the [sqlite3_vfs | xFullPathname] method of the VFS.
2512*/
2513int sqlite3_open(
2514  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
2515  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
2516);
2517int sqlite3_open16(
2518  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
2519  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
2520);
2521int sqlite3_open_v2(
2522  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
2523  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
2524  int flags,              /* Flags */
2525  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
2526);
2527
2528/*
2529** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages {H12800} <S60200>
2530**
2531** The sqlite3_errcode() interface returns the numeric [result code] or
2532** [extended result code] for the most recent failed sqlite3_* API call
2533** associated with a [database connection]. If a prior API call failed
2534** but the most recent API call succeeded, the return value from
2535** sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
2536**
2537** The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
2538** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
2539** Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
2540** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
2541** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
2542** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.
2543**
2544** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
2545** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
2546** error code and message may or may not be set.
2547**
2548** INVARIANTS:
2549**
2550** {H12801} The [sqlite3_errcode(D)] interface returns the numeric
2551**          [result code] or [extended result code] for the most recently
2552**          failed interface call associated with the [database connection] D.
2553**
2554** {H12803} The [sqlite3_errmsg(D)] and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)]
2555**          interfaces return English-language text that describes
2556**          the error in the mostly recently failed interface call,
2557**          encoded as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
2558**
2559** {H12807} The strings returned by [sqlite3_errmsg()] and [sqlite3_errmsg16()]
2560**          are valid until the next SQLite interface call.
2561**
2562** {H12808} Calls to API routines that do not return an error code
2563**          (example: [sqlite3_data_count()]) do not
2564**          change the error code or message returned by
2565**          [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], or [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
2566**
2567** {H12809} Interfaces that are not associated with a specific
2568**          [database connection] (examples:
2569**          [sqlite3_mprintf()] or [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()]
2570**          do not change the values returned by
2571**          [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], or [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
2572*/
2573int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
2574const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
2575const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
2576
2577/*
2578** CAPI3REF: SQL Statement Object {H13000} <H13010>
2579** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
2580**
2581** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement.
2582** This object is variously known as a "prepared statement" or a
2583** "compiled SQL statement" or simply as a "statement".
2584**
2585** The life of a statement object goes something like this:
2586**
2587** <ol>
2588** <li> Create the object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or a related
2589**      function.
2590** <li> Bind values to [host parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
2591**      interfaces.
2592** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
2593** <li> Reset the statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
2594**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
2595** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
2596** </ol>
2597**
2598** Refer to documentation on individual methods above for additional
2599** information.
2600*/
2601typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
2602
2603/*
2604** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits {H12760} <S20600>
2605**
2606** This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
2607** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
2608** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
2609** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
2610** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
2611** new limit for that construct.  The function returns the old limit.
2612**
2613** If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
2614** For the limit category of SQLITE_LIMIT_XYZ there is a hard upper
2615** bound set by a compile-time C preprocessor macro named SQLITE_MAX_XYZ.
2616** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".)
2617** Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
2618** silently truncated to the hard upper limit.
2619**
2620** Run time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
2621** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
2622** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
2623** webbrowser that has its own databases for storing history and
2624** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
2625** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
2626** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
2627** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
2628** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
2629** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
2630** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
2631** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
2632**
2633** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
2634**
2635** INVARIANTS:
2636**
2637** {H12762} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] where V is
2638**          positive changes the limit on the size of construct C in the
2639**          [database connection] D to the lesser of V and the hard upper
2640**          bound on the size of C that is set at compile-time.
2641**
2642** {H12766} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] where V is negative
2643**          leaves the state of the [database connection] D unchanged.
2644**
2645** {H12769} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] returns the
2646**          value of the limit on the size of construct C in the
2647**          [database connection] D as it was prior to the call.
2648*/
2649int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
2650
2651/*
2652** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories {H12790} <H12760>
2653** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {limit categories}
2654**
2655** These constants define various aspects of a [database connection]
2656** that can be limited in size by calls to [sqlite3_limit()].
2657** The meanings of the various limits are as follows:
2658**
2659** <dl>
2660** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
2661** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row.<dd>
2662**
2663** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
2664** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement.</dd>
2665**
2666** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
2667** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
2668** result set of a SELECT or the maximum number of columns in an index
2669** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>
2670**
2671** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
2672** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>
2673**
2674** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
2675** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>
2676**
2677** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
2678** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
2679** used to implement an SQL statement.</dd>
2680**
2681** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
2682** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>
2683**
2684** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
2685** <dd>The maximum number of attached databases.</dd>
2686**
2687** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
2688** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the LIKE or
2689** GLOB operators.</dd>
2690**
2691** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
2692** <dd>The maximum number of variables in an SQL statement that can
2693** be bound.</dd>
2694** </dl>
2695*/
2696#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
2697#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
2698#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
2699#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
2700#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
2701#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
2702#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
2703#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
2704#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
2705#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
2706
2707/*
2708** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement {H13010} <S10000>
2709** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
2710**
2711** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
2712** program using one of these routines.
2713**
2714** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
2715** prior call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or [sqlite3_open16()].
2716**
2717** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
2718** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare_v2()
2719** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2()
2720** use UTF-16.
2721**
2722** If the nByte argument is less than zero, then zSql is read up to the
2723** first zero terminator. If nByte is non-negative, then it is the maximum
2724** number of  bytes read from zSql.  When nByte is non-negative, the
2725** zSql string ends at either the first '\000' or '\u0000' character or
2726** the nByte-th byte, whichever comes first. If the caller knows
2727** that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then there is a small
2728** performance advantage to be gained by passing an nByte parameter that
2729** is equal to the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
2730** the nul-terminator bytes.
2731**
2732** *pzTail is made to point to the first byte past the end of the
2733** first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only compile the first
2734** statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to what remains
2735** uncompiled.
2736**
2737** *ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
2738** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
2739** to NULL.  If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
2740** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
2741** {A13018} The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
2742** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
2743**
2744** On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned, otherwise an [error code] is returned.
2745**
2746** The sqlite3_prepare_v2() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2() interfaces are
2747** recommended for all new programs. The two older interfaces are retained
2748** for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
2749** In the "v2" interfaces, the prepared statement
2750** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
2751** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
2752** behave a differently in two ways:
2753**
2754** <ol>
2755** <li>
2756** If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
2757** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
2758** statement and try to run it again.  If the schema has changed in
2759** a way that makes the statement no longer valid, [sqlite3_step()] will still
2760** return [SQLITE_SCHEMA].  But unlike the legacy behavior, [SQLITE_SCHEMA] is
2761** now a fatal error.  Calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] again will not make the
2762** error go away.  Note: use [sqlite3_errmsg()] to find the text
2763** of the parsing error that results in an [SQLITE_SCHEMA] return.
2764** </li>
2765**
2766** <li>
2767** When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
2768** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  The legacy behavior was that
2769** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
2770** and you would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()] in order
2771** to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
2772** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
2773** </li>
2774** </ol>
2775**
2776** INVARIANTS:
2777**
2778** {H13011} The [sqlite3_prepare(db,zSql,...)] and
2779**          [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,...)] interfaces interpret the
2780**          text in their zSql parameter as UTF-8.
2781**
2782** {H13012} The [sqlite3_prepare16(db,zSql,...)] and
2783**          [sqlite3_prepare16_v2(db,zSql,...)] interfaces interpret the
2784**          text in their zSql parameter as UTF-16 in the native byte order.
2785**
2786** {H13013} If the nByte argument to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,nByte,...)]
2787**          and its variants is less than zero, the SQL text is
2788**          read from zSql is read up to the first zero terminator.
2789**
2790** {H13014} If the nByte argument to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,nByte,...)]
2791**          and its variants is non-negative, then at most nBytes bytes of
2792**          SQL text is read from zSql.
2793**
2794** {H13015} In [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,N,P,pzTail)] and its variants
2795**          if the zSql input text contains more than one SQL statement
2796**          and pzTail is not NULL, then *pzTail is made to point to the
2797**          first byte past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.
2798**          <todo>What does *pzTail point to if there is one statement?</todo>
2799**
2800** {H13016} A successful call to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,N,ppStmt,...)]
2801**          or one of its variants writes into *ppStmt a pointer to a new
2802**          [prepared statement] or a pointer to NULL if zSql contains
2803**          nothing other than whitespace or comments.
2804**
2805** {H13019} The [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] interface and its variants return
2806**          [SQLITE_OK] or an appropriate [error code] upon failure.
2807**
2808** {H13021} Before [sqlite3_prepare(db,zSql,nByte,ppStmt,pzTail)] or its
2809**          variants returns an error (any value other than [SQLITE_OK]),
2810**          they first set *ppStmt to NULL.
2811*/
2812int sqlite3_prepare(
2813  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
2814  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
2815  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
2816  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
2817  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
2818);
2819int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
2820  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
2821  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
2822  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
2823  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
2824  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
2825);
2826int sqlite3_prepare16(
2827  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
2828  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
2829  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
2830  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
2831  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
2832);
2833int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
2834  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
2835  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
2836  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
2837  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
2838  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
2839);
2840
2841/*
2842** CAPIREF: Retrieving Statement SQL {H13100} <H13000>
2843**
2844** This interface can be used to retrieve a saved copy of the original
2845** SQL text used to create a [prepared statement] if that statement was
2846** compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
2847**
2848** INVARIANTS:
2849**
2850** {H13101} If the [prepared statement] passed as the argument to
2851**          [sqlite3_sql()] was compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
2852**          [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], then [sqlite3_sql()] returns
2853**          a pointer to a zero-terminated string containing a UTF-8 rendering
2854**          of the original SQL statement.
2855**
2856** {H13102} If the [prepared statement] passed as the argument to
2857**          [sqlite3_sql()] was compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare()] or
2858**          [sqlite3_prepare16()], then [sqlite3_sql()] returns a NULL pointer.
2859**
2860** {H13103} The string returned by [sqlite3_sql(S)] is valid until the
2861**          [prepared statement] S is deleted using [sqlite3_finalize(S)].
2862*/
2863const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
2864
2865/*
2866** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object {H15000} <S20200>
2867** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
2868**
2869** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
2870** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
2871** for the values it stores. Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
2872** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
2873**
2874** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
2875** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
2876** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
2877** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
2878** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.
2879**
2880** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
2881** a mutex is held.  A internal mutex is held for a protected
2882** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
2883** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
2884** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
2885** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
2886** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
2887** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
2888** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
2889** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
2890** still make the distinction between between protected and unprotected
2891** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
2892**
2893** The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
2894** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
2895** The sqlite3_value object returned by
2896** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
2897** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used with
2898** [sqlite3_result_value()] and [sqlite3_bind_value()].
2899** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
2900** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
2901*/
2902typedef struct Mem sqlite3_value;
2903
2904/*
2905** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object {H16001} <S20200>
2906**
2907** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
2908** sqlite3_context object.  A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
2909** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
2910** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
2911** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
2912** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
2913** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
2914** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
2915*/
2916typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
2917
2918/*
2919** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements {H13500} <S70300>
2920** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
2921** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
2922**
2923** In the SQL strings input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
2924** literals may be replaced by a parameter in one of these forms:
2925**
2926** <ul>
2927** <li>  ?
2928** <li>  ?NNN
2929** <li>  :VVV
2930** <li>  @VVV
2931** <li>  $VVV
2932** </ul>
2933**
2934** In the parameter forms shown above NNN is an integer literal,
2935** and VVV is an alpha-numeric parameter name. The values of these
2936** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
2937** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
2938**
2939** The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
2940** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
2941** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
2942**
2943** The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
2944** The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  When the same named
2945** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
2946** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
2947** The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
2948** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  The index
2949** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
2950** The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
2951** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 999).
2952**
2953** The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
2954**
2955** In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
2956** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
2957** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.
2958** If the fourth parameter is negative, the length of the string is
2959** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
2960**
2961** The fifth argument to sqlite3_bind_blob(), sqlite3_bind_text(), and
2962** sqlite3_bind_text16() is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
2963** string after SQLite has finished with it. If the fifth argument is
2964** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
2965** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
2966** If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
2967** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
2968** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
2969**
2970** The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
2971** is filled with zeroes.  A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
2972** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
2973** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
2974** content is later written using
2975** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
2976** A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
2977**
2978** The sqlite3_bind_*() routines must be called after
2979** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] (and its variants) or [sqlite3_reset()] and
2980** before [sqlite3_step()].
2981** Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
2982** Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
2983**
2984** These routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an error code if
2985** anything goes wrong.  [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
2986** index is out of range.  [SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
2987** [SQLITE_MISUSE] might be returned if these routines are called on a
2988** virtual machine that is the wrong state or which has already been finalized.
2989** Detection of misuse is unreliable.  Applications should not depend
2990** on SQLITE_MISUSE returns.  SQLITE_MISUSE is intended to indicate a
2991** a logic error in the application.  Future versions of SQLite might
2992** panic rather than return SQLITE_MISUSE.
2993**
2994** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
2995** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
2996**
2997** INVARIANTS:
2998**
2999** {H13506} The [SQL statement compiler] recognizes tokens of the forms
3000**          "?", "?NNN", "$VVV", ":VVV", and "@VVV" as SQL parameters,
3001**          where NNN is any sequence of one or more digits
3002**          and where VVV is any sequence of one or more alphanumeric
3003**          characters or "::" optionally followed by a string containing
3004**          no spaces and contained within parentheses.
3005**
3006** {H13509} The initial value of an SQL parameter is NULL.
3007**
3008** {H13512} The index of an "?" SQL parameter is one larger than the
3009**          largest index of SQL parameter to the left, or 1 if
3010**          the "?" is the leftmost SQL parameter.
3011**
3012** {H13515} The index of an "?NNN" SQL parameter is the integer NNN.
3013**
3014** {H13518} The index of an ":VVV", "$VVV", or "@VVV" SQL parameter is
3015**          the same as the index of leftmost occurrences of the same
3016**          parameter, or one more than the largest index over all
3017**          parameters to the left if this is the first occurrence
3018**          of this parameter, or 1 if this is the leftmost parameter.
3019**
3020** {H13521} The [SQL statement compiler] fails with an [SQLITE_RANGE]
3021**          error if the index of an SQL parameter is less than 1
3022**          or greater than the compile-time SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER
3023**          parameter.
3024**
3025** {H13524} Calls to [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,N,V,...)]
3026**          associate the value V with all SQL parameters having an
3027**          index of N in the [prepared statement] S.
3028**
3029** {H13527} Calls to [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,N,...)]
3030**          override prior calls with the same values of S and N.
3031**
3032** {H13530} Bindings established by [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,...)]
3033**          persist across calls to [sqlite3_reset(S)].
3034**
3035** {H13533} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
3036**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
3037**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] SQLite binds the first L
3038**          bytes of the BLOB or string pointed to by V, when L
3039**          is non-negative.
3040**
3041** {H13536} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)] or
3042**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] SQLite binds characters
3043**          from V through the first zero character when L is negative.
3044**
3045** {H13539} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
3046**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
3047**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is the special
3048**          constant [SQLITE_STATIC], SQLite assumes that the value V
3049**          is held in static unmanaged space that will not change
3050**          during the lifetime of the binding.
3051**
3052** {H13542} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
3053**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
3054**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is the special
3055**          constant [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], the routine makes a
3056**          private copy of the value V before it returns.
3057**
3058** {H13545} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
3059**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
3060**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is a pointer to
3061**          a function, SQLite invokes that function to destroy the
3062**          value V after it has finished using the value V.
3063**
3064** {H13548} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(S,N,V,L)] the value bound
3065**          is a BLOB of L bytes, or a zero-length BLOB if L is negative.
3066**
3067** {H13551} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_value(S,N,V)] the V argument may
3068**          be either a [protected sqlite3_value] object or an
3069**          [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
3070*/
3071int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
3072int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
3073int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
3074int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
3075int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3076int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, int n, void(*)(void*));
3077int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
3078int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
3079int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
3080
3081/*
3082** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters {H13600} <S70300>
3083**
3084** This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
3085** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
3086** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
3087** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
3088** to the parameters at a later time.
3089**
3090** This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
3091** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
3092** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN are used,
3093** there may be gaps in the list.
3094**
3095** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3096** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
3097** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3098**
3099** INVARIANTS:
3100**
3101** {H13601} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(S)] interface returns
3102**          the largest index of all SQL parameters in the
3103**          [prepared statement] S, or 0 if S contains no SQL parameters.
3104*/
3105int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
3106
3107/*
3108** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter {H13620} <S70300>
3109**
3110** This routine returns a pointer to the name of the n-th
3111** [SQL parameter] in a [prepared statement].
3112** SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3113** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3114** respectively.
3115** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
3116** is included as part of the name.
3117** Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
3118** and are also referred to as "anonymous parameters".
3119**
3120** The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
3121**
3122** If the value n is out of range or if the n-th parameter is
3123** nameless, then NULL is returned.  The returned string is
3124** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
3125** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()] or
3126** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3127**
3128** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3129** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3130** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3131**
3132** INVARIANTS:
3133**
3134** {H13621} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(S,N)] interface returns
3135**          a UTF-8 rendering of the name of the SQL parameter in
3136**          the [prepared statement] S having index N, or
3137**          NULL if there is no SQL parameter with index N or if the
3138**          parameter with index N is an anonymous parameter "?".
3139*/
3140const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3141
3142/*
3143** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name {H13640} <S70300>
3144**
3145** Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  The
3146** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
3147** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  A zero
3148** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  The parameter
3149** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
3150** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3151**
3152** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3153** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3154** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3155**
3156** INVARIANTS:
3157**
3158** {H13641} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(S,N)] interface returns
3159**          the index of SQL parameter in the [prepared statement]
3160**          S whose name matches the UTF-8 string N, or 0 if there is
3161**          no match.
3162*/
3163int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
3164
3165/*
3166** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement {H13660} <S70300>
3167**
3168** Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
3169** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
3170** Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
3171**
3172** INVARIANTS:
3173**
3174** {H13661} The [sqlite3_clear_bindings(S)] interface resets all SQL
3175**          parameter bindings in the [prepared statement] S back to NULL.
3176*/
3177int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
3178
3179/*
3180** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set {H13710} <S10700>
3181**
3182** Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
3183** [prepared statement]. This routine returns 0 if pStmt is an SQL
3184** statement that does not return data (for example an [UPDATE]).
3185**
3186** INVARIANTS:
3187**
3188** {H13711} The [sqlite3_column_count(S)] interface returns the number of
3189**          columns in the result set generated by the [prepared statement] S,
3190**          or 0 if S does not generate a result set.
3191*/
3192int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3193
3194/*
3195** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set {H13720} <S10700>
3196**
3197** These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
3198** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  The sqlite3_column_name()
3199** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
3200** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
3201** UTF-16 string.  The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
3202** that implements the [SELECT] statement. The second parameter is the
3203** column number.  The leftmost column is number 0.
3204**
3205** The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
3206** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the next call to
3207** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
3208**
3209** If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
3210** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
3211** NULL pointer is returned.
3212**
3213** The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
3214** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
3215** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
3216** one release of SQLite to the next.
3217**
3218** INVARIANTS:
3219**
3220** {H13721} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)]
3221**          interface returns the name of the Nth column (where 0 is
3222**          the leftmost column) for the result set of the
3223**          [prepared statement] S as a zero-terminated UTF-8 string.
3224**
3225** {H13723} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)]
3226**          interface returns the name of the Nth column (where 0 is
3227**          the leftmost column) for the result set of the
3228**          [prepared statement] S as a zero-terminated UTF-16 string
3229**          in the native byte order.
3230**
3231** {H13724} The [sqlite3_column_name()] and [sqlite3_column_name16()]
3232**          interfaces return a NULL pointer if they are unable to
3233**          allocate memory to hold their normal return strings.
3234**
3235** {H13725} If the N parameter to [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)] or
3236**          [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)] is out of range, then the
3237**          interfaces return a NULL pointer.
3238**
3239** {H13726} The strings returned by [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)] and
3240**          [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)] are valid until the next
3241**          call to either routine with the same S and N parameters
3242**          or until [sqlite3_finalize(S)] is called.
3243**
3244** {H13727} When a result column of a [SELECT] statement contains
3245**          an AS clause, the name of that column is the identifier
3246**          to the right of the AS keyword.
3247*/
3248const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3249const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3250
3251/*
3252** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result {H13740} <S10700>
3253**
3254** These routines provide a means to determine what column of what
3255** table in which database a result of a [SELECT] statement comes from.
3256** The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
3257** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  The _database_ routines return
3258** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
3259** the origin_ routines return the column name.
3260** The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
3261** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the same information is requested
3262** again in a different encoding.
3263**
3264** The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
3265** database, table, and column.
3266**
3267** The first argument to the following calls is a [prepared statement].
3268** These functions return information about the Nth column returned by
3269** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
3270**
3271** If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
3272** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
3273** NULL.  These routine might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
3274** occurs.  Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table
3275** and column that query result column was extracted from.
3276**
3277** As with all other SQLite APIs, those postfixed with "16" return
3278** UTF-16 encoded strings, the other functions return UTF-8. {END}
3279**
3280** These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
3281** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
3282**
3283** {A13751}
3284** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
3285** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
3286** undefined.
3287**
3288** INVARIANTS:
3289**
3290** {H13741} The [sqlite3_column_database_name(S,N)] interface returns either
3291**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the database from which the
3292**          Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is extracted,
3293**          or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
3294**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
3295**
3296** {H13742} The [sqlite3_column_database_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
3297**          the UTF-16 native byte order zero-terminated name of the database
3298**          from which the Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is
3299**          extracted, or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
3300**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
3301**
3302** {H13743} The [sqlite3_column_table_name(S,N)] interface returns either
3303**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the table from which the
3304**          Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is extracted,
3305**          or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
3306**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
3307**
3308** {H13744} The [sqlite3_column_table_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
3309**          the UTF-16 native byte order zero-terminated name of the table
3310**          from which the Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is
3311**          extracted, or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
3312**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
3313**
3314** {H13745} The [sqlite3_column_origin_name(S,N)] interface returns either
3315**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the table column from which the
3316**          Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is extracted,
3317**          or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
3318**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
3319**
3320** {H13746} The [sqlite3_column_origin_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
3321**          the UTF-16 native byte order zero-terminated name of the table
3322**          column from which the Nth result column of the
3323**          [prepared statement] S is extracted, or NULL if the Nth column
3324**          of S is a general expression or if unable to allocate memory
3325**          to store the name.
3326**
3327** {H13748} The return values from
3328**          [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
3329**          are valid for the lifetime of the [prepared statement]
3330**          or until the encoding is changed by another metadata
3331**          interface call for the same prepared statement and column.
3332**
3333** ASSUMPTIONS:
3334**
3335** {A13751} If two or more threads call one or more
3336**          [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
3337**          for the same [prepared statement] and result column
3338**          at the same time then the results are undefined.
3339*/
3340const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3341const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3342const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3343const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3344const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3345const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3346
3347/*
3348** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result {H13760} <S10700>
3349**
3350** The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
3351** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
3352** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
3353** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
3354** column is returned.  If the Nth column of the result set is an
3355** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
3356** The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded. {END}
3357**
3358** For example, given the database schema:
3359**
3360** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
3361**
3362** and the following statement to be compiled:
3363**
3364** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
3365**
3366** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
3367** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).
3368**
3369** SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  So just because a column
3370** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
3371** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
3372** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  Type
3373** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
3374** used to hold those values.
3375**
3376** INVARIANTS:
3377**
3378** {H13761}  A successful call to [sqlite3_column_decltype(S,N)] returns a
3379**           zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the declared datatype
3380**           of the table column that appears as the Nth column (numbered
3381**           from 0) of the result set to the [prepared statement] S.
3382**
3383** {H13762}  A successful call to [sqlite3_column_decltype16(S,N)]
3384**           returns a zero-terminated UTF-16 native byte order string
3385**           containing the declared datatype of the table column that appears
3386**           as the Nth column (numbered from 0) of the result set to the
3387**           [prepared statement] S.
3388**
3389** {H13763}  If N is less than 0 or N is greater than or equal to
3390**           the number of columns in the [prepared statement] S,
3391**           or if the Nth column of S is an expression or subquery rather
3392**           than a table column, or if a memory allocation failure
3393**           occurs during encoding conversions, then
3394**           calls to [sqlite3_column_decltype(S,N)] or
3395**           [sqlite3_column_decltype16(S,N)] return NULL.
3396*/
3397const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3398const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
3399
3400/*
3401** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement {H13200} <S10000>
3402**
3403** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
3404** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
3405** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
3406** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
3407**
3408** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
3409** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "v2" interface
3410** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
3411** interface [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
3412** new "v2" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
3413** interface will continue to be supported.
3414**
3415** In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
3416** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
3417** With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
3418** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
3419**
3420** [SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
3421** database locks it needs to do its job.  If the statement is a [COMMIT]
3422** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
3423** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within a
3424** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
3425** continuing.
3426**
3427** [SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
3428** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
3429** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
3430** machine back to its initial state.
3431**
3432** If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
3433** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
3434** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
3435** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
3436**
3437** [SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
3438** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
3439** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
3440** With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
3441** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
3442** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
3443** [prepared statement].  In the "v2" interface,
3444** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
3445**
3446** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
3447** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
3448** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
3449** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
3450** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
3451** more threads at the same moment in time.
3452**
3453** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
3454** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
3455** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
3456** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
3457** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
3458** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
3459** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
3460** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
3461** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
3462** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
3463** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
3464**
3465** INVARIANTS:
3466**
3467** {H13202}  If the [prepared statement] S is ready to be run, then
3468**           [sqlite3_step(S)] advances that prepared statement until
3469**           completion or until it is ready to return another row of the
3470**           result set, or until an [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt]
3471**           or a run-time error occurs.
3472**
3473** {H15304}  When a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] causes the [prepared statement]
3474**           S to run to completion, the function returns [SQLITE_DONE].
3475**
3476** {H15306}  When a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] stops because it is ready to
3477**           return another row of the result set, it returns [SQLITE_ROW].
3478**
3479** {H15308}  If a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] encounters an
3480**           [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt] or a run-time error,
3481**           it returns an appropriate error code that is not one of
3482**           [SQLITE_OK], [SQLITE_ROW], or [SQLITE_DONE].
3483**
3484** {H15310}  If an [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt] or a run-time error
3485**           occurs during a call to [sqlite3_step(S)]
3486**           for a [prepared statement] S created using
3487**           legacy interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or
3488**           [sqlite3_prepare16()], then the function returns either
3489**           [SQLITE_ERROR], [SQLITE_BUSY], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
3490*/
3491int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
3492
3493/*
3494** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set {H13770} <S10700>
3495**
3496** Returns the number of values in the current row of the result set.
3497**
3498** INVARIANTS:
3499**
3500** {H13771}  After a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] that returns [SQLITE_ROW],
3501**           the [sqlite3_data_count(S)] routine will return the same value
3502**           as the [sqlite3_column_count(S)] function.
3503**
3504** {H13772}  After [sqlite3_step(S)] has returned any value other than
3505**           [SQLITE_ROW] or before [sqlite3_step(S)] has been called on the
3506**           [prepared statement] for the first time since it was
3507**           [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] or [sqlite3_reset | reset],
3508**           the [sqlite3_data_count(S)] routine returns zero.
3509*/
3510int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3511
3512/*
3513** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes {H10265} <S10110><S10120>
3514** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
3515**
3516** {H10266} Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
3517**
3518** <ul>
3519** <li> 64-bit signed integer
3520** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
3521** <li> string
3522** <li> BLOB
3523** <li> NULL
3524** </ul> {END}
3525**
3526** These constants are codes for each of those types.
3527**
3528** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
3529** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
3530** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
3531** SQLITE_TEXT.
3532*/
3533#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
3534#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
3535#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
3536#define SQLITE_NULL     5
3537#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
3538# undef SQLITE_TEXT
3539#else
3540# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
3541#endif
3542#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
3543
3544/*
3545** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query {H13800} <S10700>
3546** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
3547**
3548** These routines form the "result set query" interface.
3549**
3550** These routines return information about a single column of the current
3551** result row of a query.  In every case the first argument is a pointer
3552** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
3553** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
3554** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
3555** should be returned.  The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
3556**
3557** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
3558** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
3559** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
3560** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
3561** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
3562** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
3563** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
3564** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
3565** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
3566** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
3567** are pending, then the results are undefined.
3568**
3569** The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
3570** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
3571** of the result column.  The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
3572** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].  The value
3573** returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no type
3574** conversions have occurred as described below.  After a type conversion,
3575** the value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is undefined.  Future
3576** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
3577** following a type conversion.
3578**
3579** If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
3580** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
3581** If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
3582** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
3583** If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
3584** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
3585** the number of bytes in that string.
3586** The value returned does not include the zero terminator at the end
3587** of the string.  For clarity: the value returned is the number of
3588** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
3589**
3590** Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
3591** even empty strings, are always zero terminated.  The return
3592** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is an arbitrary
3593** pointer, possibly even a NULL pointer.
3594**
3595** The sqlite3_column_bytes16() routine is similar to sqlite3_column_bytes()
3596** but leaves the result in UTF-16 in native byte order instead of UTF-8.
3597** The zero terminator is not included in this count.
3598**
3599** The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
3600** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  An unprotected sqlite3_value object
3601** may only be used with [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
3602** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
3603** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
3604** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
3605** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], then the behavior is undefined.
3606**
3607** These routines attempt to convert the value where appropriate.  For
3608** example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
3609** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
3610** conversion automatically.  The following table details the conversions
3611** that are applied:
3612**
3613** <blockquote>
3614** <table border="1">
3615** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
3616**
3617** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
3618** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
3619** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is NULL pointer
3620** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is NULL pointer
3621** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
3622** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
3623** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
3624** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> Convert from float to integer
3625** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
3626** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as FLOAT->TEXT
3627** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> Use atoi()
3628** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Use atof()
3629** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
3630** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> Convert to TEXT then use atoi()
3631** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert to TEXT then use atof()
3632** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
3633** </table>
3634** </blockquote>
3635**
3636** The table above makes reference to standard C library functions atoi()
3637** and atof().  SQLite does not really use these functions.  It has its
3638** own equivalent internal routines.  The atoi() and atof() names are
3639** used in the table for brevity and because they are familiar to most
3640** C programmers.
3641**
3642** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
3643** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
3644** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
3645** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
3646** in the following cases:
3647**
3648** <ul>
3649** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
3650**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
3651**      need to be added to the string.</li>
3652** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
3653**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
3654**      to UTF-16.</li>
3655** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
3656**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
3657**      to UTF-8.</li>
3658** </ul>
3659**
3660** Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
3661** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
3662** that the prior pointer points to will have been modified.  Other kinds
3663** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
3664** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
3665**
3666** The safest and easiest to remember policy is to invoke these routines
3667** in one of the following ways:
3668**
3669** <ul>
3670**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
3671**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
3672**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
3673** </ul>
3674**
3675** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
3676** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
3677** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
3678** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
3679** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
3680** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
3681** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
3682**
3683** The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
3684** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
3685** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  The memory space used to hold strings
3686** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do <b>not</b> pass the pointers returned
3687** [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
3688** [sqlite3_free()].
3689**
3690** If a memory allocation error occurs during the evaluation of any
3691** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
3692** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
3693** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
3694** [SQLITE_NOMEM].
3695**
3696** INVARIANTS:
3697**
3698** {H13803} The [sqlite3_column_blob(S,N)] interface converts the
3699**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
3700**          the [prepared statement] S into a BLOB and then returns a
3701**          pointer to the converted value.
3702**
3703** {H13806} The [sqlite3_column_bytes(S,N)] interface returns the
3704**          number of bytes in the BLOB or string (exclusive of the
3705**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
3706**          most recent call to [sqlite3_column_blob(S,N)] or
3707**          [sqlite3_column_text(S,N)].
3708**
3709** {H13809} The [sqlite3_column_bytes16(S,N)] interface returns the
3710**          number of bytes in the string (exclusive of the
3711**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
3712**          most recent call to [sqlite3_column_text16(S,N)].
3713**
3714** {H13812} The [sqlite3_column_double(S,N)] interface converts the
3715**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
3716**          [prepared statement] S into a floating point value and
3717**          returns a copy of that value.
3718**
3719** {H13815} The [sqlite3_column_int(S,N)] interface converts the
3720**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
3721**          [prepared statement] S into a 64-bit signed integer and
3722**          returns the lower 32 bits of that integer.
3723**
3724** {H13818} The [sqlite3_column_int64(S,N)] interface converts the
3725**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
3726**          [prepared statement] S into a 64-bit signed integer and
3727**          returns a copy of that integer.
3728**
3729** {H13821} The [sqlite3_column_text(S,N)] interface converts the
3730**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
3731**          the [prepared statement] S into a zero-terminated UTF-8
3732**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
3733**
3734** {H13824} The [sqlite3_column_text16(S,N)] interface converts the
3735**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
3736**          [prepared statement] S into a zero-terminated 2-byte
3737**          aligned UTF-16 native byte order string and returns
3738**          a pointer to that string.
3739**
3740** {H13827} The [sqlite3_column_type(S,N)] interface returns
3741**          one of [SQLITE_NULL], [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT],
3742**          [SQLITE_TEXT], or [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for
3743**          the Nth column in the current row of the result set for
3744**          the [prepared statement] S.
3745**
3746** {H13830} The [sqlite3_column_value(S,N)] interface returns a
3747**          pointer to an [unprotected sqlite3_value] object for the
3748**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
3749**          the [prepared statement] S.
3750*/
3751const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
3752int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
3753int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
3754double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
3755int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
3756sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
3757const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
3758const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
3759int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
3760sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
3761
3762/*
3763** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object {H13300} <S70300><S30100>
3764**
3765** The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
3766** If the statement was executed successfully or not executed at all, then
3767** SQLITE_OK is returned. If execution of the statement failed then an
3768** [error code] or [extended error code] is returned.
3769**
3770** This routine can be called at any point during the execution of the
3771** [prepared statement].  If the virtual machine has not
3772** completed execution when this routine is called, that is like
3773** encountering an error or an [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt].
3774** Incomplete updates may be rolled back and transactions canceled,
3775** depending on the circumstances, and the
3776** [error code] returned will be [SQLITE_ABORT].
3777**
3778** INVARIANTS:
3779**
3780** {H11302} The [sqlite3_finalize(S)] interface destroys the
3781**          [prepared statement] S and releases all
3782**          memory and file resources held by that object.
3783**
3784** {H11304} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
3785**          [prepared statement] S returned an error,
3786**          then [sqlite3_finalize(S)] returns that same error.
3787*/
3788int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3789
3790/*
3791** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object {H13330} <S70300>
3792**
3793** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
3794** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
3795** Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
3796** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
3797** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
3798**
3799** {H11332} The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
3800**          back to the beginning of its program.
3801**
3802** {H11334} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
3803**          [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
3804**          or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
3805**          then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
3806**
3807** {H11336} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
3808**          [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
3809**          [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
3810**
3811** {H11338} The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
3812**          of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
3813*/
3814int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3815
3816/*
3817** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions {H16100} <S20200>
3818** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
3819** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
3820** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
3821**
3822** These two functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
3823** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
3824** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only difference between the
3825** two is that the second parameter, the name of the (scalar) function or
3826** aggregate, is encoded in UTF-8 for sqlite3_create_function() and UTF-16
3827** for sqlite3_create_function16().
3828**
3829** The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
3830** function is to be added.  If a single program uses more than one database
3831** connection internally, then SQL functions must be added individually to
3832** each database connection.
3833**
3834** The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
3835** redefined.  The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes, exclusive of
3836** the zero-terminator.  Note that the name length limit is in bytes, not
3837** characters.  Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
3838** will result in [SQLITE_ERROR] being returned.
3839**
3840** The third parameter is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
3841** aggregate takes. If this parameter is negative, then the SQL function or
3842** aggregate may take any number of arguments.
3843**
3844** The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
3845** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
3846** its parameters.  Any SQL function implementation should be able to work
3847** work with UTF-8, UTF-16le, or UTF-16be.  But some implementations may be
3848** more efficient with one encoding than another.  It is allowed to
3849** invoke sqlite3_create_function() or sqlite3_create_function16() multiple
3850** times with the same function but with different values of eTextRep.
3851** When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
3852** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
3853** If there is only a single implementation which does not care what text
3854** encoding is used, then the fourth argument should be [SQLITE_ANY].
3855**
3856** The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
3857** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].
3858**
3859** The seventh, eighth and ninth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
3860** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
3861** aggregate. A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
3862** callback only, NULL pointers should be passed as the xStep and xFinal
3863** parameters. An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
3864** and xFinal and NULL should be passed for xFunc. To delete an existing
3865** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL for all three function callbacks.
3866**
3867** It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
3868** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
3869** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  SQLite will use
3870** the implementation most closely matches the way in which the
3871** SQL function is used.
3872**
3873** INVARIANTS:
3874**
3875** {H16103} The [sqlite3_create_function16()] interface behaves exactly
3876**          like [sqlite3_create_function()] in every way except that it
3877**          interprets the zFunctionName argument as zero-terminated UTF-16
3878**          native byte order instead of as zero-terminated UTF-8.
3879**
3880** {H16106} A successful invocation of
3881**          the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,...)] interface registers
3882**          or replaces callback functions in the [database connection] D
3883**          used to implement the SQL function named X with N parameters
3884**          and having a preferred text encoding of E.
3885**
3886** {H16109} A successful call to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
3887**          replaces the P, F, S, and L values from any prior calls with
3888**          the same D, X, N, and E values.
3889**
3890** {H16112} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,...)] interface fails with
3891**          a return code of [SQLITE_ERROR] if the SQL function name X is
3892**          longer than 255 bytes exclusive of the zero terminator.
3893**
3894** {H16118} Either F must be NULL and S and L are non-NULL or else F
3895**          is non-NULL and S and L are NULL, otherwise
3896**          [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] returns [SQLITE_ERROR].
3897**
3898** {H16121} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,...)] interface fails with an
3899**          error code of [SQLITE_BUSY] if there exist [prepared statements]
3900**          associated with the [database connection] D.
3901**
3902** {H16124} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)] interface fails with an
3903**          error code of [SQLITE_ERROR] if parameter N (specifying the number
3904**          of arguments to the SQL function being registered) is less
3905**          than -1 or greater than 127.
3906**
3907** {H16127} When N is non-negative, the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
3908**          interface causes callbacks to be invoked for the SQL function
3909**          named X when the number of arguments to the SQL function is
3910**          exactly N.
3911**
3912** {H16130} When N is -1, the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
3913**          interface causes callbacks to be invoked for the SQL function
3914**          named X with any number of arguments.
3915**
3916** {H16133} When calls to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
3917**          specify multiple implementations of the same function X
3918**          and when one implementation has N>=0 and the other has N=(-1)
3919**          the implementation with a non-zero N is preferred.
3920**
3921** {H16136} When calls to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,...)]
3922**          specify multiple implementations of the same function X with
3923**          the same number of arguments N but with different
3924**          encodings E, then the implementation where E matches the
3925**          database encoding is preferred.
3926**
3927** {H16139} For an aggregate SQL function created using
3928**          [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,0,S,L)] the finalizer
3929**          function L will always be invoked exactly once if the
3930**          step function S is called one or more times.
3931**
3932** {H16142} When SQLite invokes either the xFunc or xStep function of
3933**          an application-defined SQL function or aggregate created
3934**          by [sqlite3_create_function()] or [sqlite3_create_function16()],
3935**          then the array of [sqlite3_value] objects passed as the
3936**          third parameter are always [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
3937*/
3938int sqlite3_create_function(
3939  sqlite3 *db,
3940  const char *zFunctionName,
3941  int nArg,
3942  int eTextRep,
3943  void *pApp,
3944  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
3945  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
3946  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
3947);
3948int sqlite3_create_function16(
3949  sqlite3 *db,
3950  const void *zFunctionName,
3951  int nArg,
3952  int eTextRep,
3953  void *pApp,
3954  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
3955  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
3956  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
3957);
3958
3959/*
3960** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings {H10267} <S50200> <H16100>
3961**
3962** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
3963** text encodings supported by SQLite.
3964*/
3965#define SQLITE_UTF8           1
3966#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2
3967#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3
3968#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
3969#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* sqlite3_create_function only */
3970#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
3971
3972/*
3973** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
3974** DEPRECATED
3975**
3976** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
3977** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
3978** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
3979** the use of these functions.  To help encourage people to avoid
3980** using these functions, we are not going to tell you want they do.
3981*/
3982SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
3983SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
3984SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
3985SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
3986SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
3987SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),void*,sqlite3_int64);
3988
3989/*
3990** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Function Parameter Values {H15100} <S20200>
3991**
3992** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
3993** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
3994** the function or aggregate.
3995**
3996** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
3997** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
3998** define callbacks that implement the SQL functions and aggregates.
3999** The 4th parameter to these callbacks is an array of pointers to
4000** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  There is one [sqlite3_value] object for
4001** each parameter to the SQL function.  These routines are used to
4002** extract values from the [sqlite3_value] objects.
4003**
4004** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
4005** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
4006** object results in undefined behavior.
4007**
4008** These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
4009** except that  these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
4010** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
4011**
4012** The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
4013** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  The
4014** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
4015** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
4016**
4017** The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
4018** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
4019** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
4020** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
4021** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
4022** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
4023** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.
4024**
4025** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
4026** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
4027** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
4028** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4029** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
4030**
4031** These routines must be called from the same thread as
4032** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
4033**
4034** INVARIANTS:
4035**
4036** {H15103} The [sqlite3_value_blob(V)] interface converts the
4037**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a BLOB and then
4038**          returns a pointer to the converted value.
4039**
4040** {H15106} The [sqlite3_value_bytes(V)] interface returns the
4041**          number of bytes in the BLOB or string (exclusive of the
4042**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
4043**          most recent call to [sqlite3_value_blob(V)] or
4044**          [sqlite3_value_text(V)].
4045**
4046** {H15109} The [sqlite3_value_bytes16(V)] interface returns the
4047**          number of bytes in the string (exclusive of the
4048**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
4049**          most recent call to [sqlite3_value_text16(V)],
4050**          [sqlite3_value_text16be(V)], or [sqlite3_value_text16le(V)].
4051**
4052** {H15112} The [sqlite3_value_double(V)] interface converts the
4053**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a floating point value and
4054**          returns a copy of that value.
4055**
4056** {H15115} The [sqlite3_value_int(V)] interface converts the
4057**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a 64-bit signed integer and
4058**          returns the lower 32 bits of that integer.
4059**
4060** {H15118} The [sqlite3_value_int64(V)] interface converts the
4061**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a 64-bit signed integer and
4062**          returns a copy of that integer.
4063**
4064** {H15121} The [sqlite3_value_text(V)] interface converts the
4065**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated UTF-8
4066**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
4067**
4068** {H15124} The [sqlite3_value_text16(V)] interface converts the
4069**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
4070**          aligned UTF-16 native byte order
4071**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
4072**
4073** {H15127} The [sqlite3_value_text16be(V)] interface converts the
4074**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
4075**          aligned UTF-16 big-endian
4076**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
4077**
4078** {H15130} The [sqlite3_value_text16le(V)] interface converts the
4079**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
4080**          aligned UTF-16 little-endian
4081**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
4082**
4083** {H15133} The [sqlite3_value_type(V)] interface returns
4084**          one of [SQLITE_NULL], [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT],
4085**          [SQLITE_TEXT], or [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for
4086**          the [sqlite3_value] object V.
4087**
4088** {H15136} The [sqlite3_value_numeric_type(V)] interface converts
4089**          the [protected sqlite3_value] object V into either an integer or
4090**          a floating point value if it can do so without loss of
4091**          information, and returns one of [SQLITE_NULL],
4092**          [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], or
4093**          [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for the
4094**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V after the conversion attempt.
4095*/
4096const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
4097int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
4098int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
4099double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
4100int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
4101sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
4102const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
4103const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
4104const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
4105const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
4106int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
4107int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
4108
4109/*
4110** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context {H16210} <S20200>
4111**
4112** The implementation of aggregate SQL functions use this routine to allocate
4113** a structure for storing their state.
4114**
4115** The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context() routine is called for a
4116** particular aggregate, SQLite allocates nBytes of memory, zeroes out that
4117** memory, and returns a pointer to it. On second and subsequent calls to
4118** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function index,
4119** the same buffer is returned. The implementation of the aggregate can use
4120** the returned buffer to accumulate data.
4121**
4122** SQLite automatically frees the allocated buffer when the aggregate
4123** query concludes.
4124**
4125** The first parameter should be a copy of the
4126** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
4127** to the callback routine that implements the aggregate function.
4128**
4129** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4130** the aggregate SQL function is running.
4131**
4132** INVARIANTS:
4133**
4134** {H16211} The first invocation of [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] for
4135**          a particular instance of an aggregate function (for a particular
4136**          context C) causes SQLite to allocate N bytes of memory,
4137**          zero that memory, and return a pointer to the allocated memory.
4138**
4139** {H16213} If a memory allocation error occurs during
4140**          [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] then the function returns 0.
4141**
4142** {H16215} Second and subsequent invocations of
4143**          [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] for the same context pointer C
4144**          ignore the N parameter and return a pointer to the same
4145**          block of memory returned by the first invocation.
4146**
4147** {H16217} The memory allocated by [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] is
4148**          automatically freed on the next call to [sqlite3_reset()]
4149**          or [sqlite3_finalize()] for the [prepared statement] containing
4150**          the aggregate function associated with context C.
4151*/
4152void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
4153
4154/*
4155** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions {H16240} <S20200>
4156**
4157** The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
4158** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
4159** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4160** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4161** registered the application defined function. {END}
4162**
4163** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4164** the application-defined function is running.
4165**
4166** INVARIANTS:
4167**
4168** {H16243} The [sqlite3_user_data(C)] interface returns a copy of the
4169**          P pointer from the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
4170**          or [sqlite3_create_function16(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] call that
4171**          registered the SQL function associated with [sqlite3_context] C.
4172*/
4173void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
4174
4175/*
4176** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions {H16250} <S60600><S20200>
4177**
4178** The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
4179** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
4180** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4181** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4182** registered the application defined function.
4183**
4184** INVARIANTS:
4185**
4186** {H16253} The [sqlite3_context_db_handle(C)] interface returns a copy of the
4187**          D pointer from the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
4188**          or [sqlite3_create_function16(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] call that
4189**          registered the SQL function associated with [sqlite3_context] C.
4190*/
4191sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
4192
4193/*
4194** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data {H16270} <S20200>
4195**
4196** The following two functions may be used by scalar SQL functions to
4197** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
4198** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
4199** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved. This may
4200** be used, for example, to add a regular-expression matching scalar
4201** function. The compiled version of the regular expression is stored as
4202** metadata associated with the SQL value passed as the regular expression
4203** pattern.  The compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
4204** invocations of the same function so that the original pattern string
4205** does not need to be recompiled on each invocation.
4206**
4207** The sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface returns a pointer to the metadata
4208** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata() function with the Nth argument
4209** value to the application-defined function. If no metadata has been ever
4210** been set for the Nth argument of the function, or if the corresponding
4211** function parameter has changed since the meta-data was set,
4212** then sqlite3_get_auxdata() returns a NULL pointer.
4213**
4214** The sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface saves the metadata
4215** pointed to by its 3rd parameter as the metadata for the N-th
4216** argument of the application-defined function.  Subsequent
4217** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata() might return this data, if it has
4218** not been destroyed.
4219** If it is not NULL, SQLite will invoke the destructor
4220** function given by the 4th parameter to sqlite3_set_auxdata() on
4221** the metadata when the corresponding function parameter changes
4222** or when the SQL statement completes, whichever comes first.
4223**
4224** SQLite is free to call the destructor and drop metadata on any
4225** parameter of any function at any time.  The only guarantee is that
4226** the destructor will be called before the metadata is dropped.
4227**
4228** In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
4229** expressions that are constant at compile time. This includes literal
4230** values and SQL variables.
4231**
4232** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
4233** the SQL function is running.
4234**
4235** INVARIANTS:
4236**
4237** {H16272} The [sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N)] interface returns a pointer
4238**          to metadata associated with the Nth parameter of the SQL function
4239**          whose context is C, or NULL if there is no metadata associated
4240**          with that parameter.
4241**
4242** {H16274} The [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] interface assigns a metadata
4243**          pointer P to the Nth parameter of the SQL function with context C.
4244**
4245** {H16276} SQLite will invoke the destructor D with a single argument
4246**          which is the metadata pointer P following a call to
4247**          [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] when SQLite ceases to hold
4248**          the metadata.
4249**
4250** {H16277} SQLite ceases to hold metadata for an SQL function parameter
4251**          when the value of that parameter changes.
4252**
4253** {H16278} When [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] is invoked, the destructor
4254**          is called for any prior metadata associated with the same function
4255**          context C and parameter N.
4256**
4257** {H16279} SQLite will call destructors for any metadata it is holding
4258**          in a particular [prepared statement] S when either
4259**          [sqlite3_reset(S)] or [sqlite3_finalize(S)] is called.
4260*/
4261void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
4262void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
4263
4264
4265/*
4266** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior {H10280} <S30100>
4267**
4268** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
4269** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  If the destructor
4270** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
4271** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  The
4272** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
4273** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
4274** the content before returning.
4275**
4276** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
4277** C++ compilers.  See ticket #2191.
4278*/
4279typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
4280#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
4281#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
4282
4283/*
4284** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function {H16400} <S20200>
4285**
4286** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
4287** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
4288** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4289** for additional information.
4290**
4291** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
4292** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
4293** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
4294**
4295** The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
4296** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
4297** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
4298** third parameter.
4299**
4300** The sqlite3_result_zeroblob() interfaces set the result of
4301** the application-defined function to be a BLOB containing all zero
4302** bytes and N bytes in size, where N is the value of the 2nd parameter.
4303**
4304** The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
4305** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
4306** by its 2nd argument.
4307**
4308** The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
4309** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
4310** SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
4311** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
4312** as the text of an error message.  SQLite interprets the error
4313** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. SQLite
4314** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 in native
4315** byte order.  If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
4316** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
4317** message all text up through the first zero character.
4318** If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
4319** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
4320** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
4321** The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
4322** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
4323** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
4324** modify the text after they return without harm.
4325** The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
4326** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  By default,
4327** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
4328** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
4329**
4330** The sqlite3_result_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an error
4331** indicating that a string or BLOB is to long to represent.
4332**
4333** The sqlite3_result_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an error
4334** indicating that a memory allocation failed.
4335**
4336** The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
4337** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
4338** value given in the 2nd argument.
4339** The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
4340** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
4341** value given in the 2nd argument.
4342**
4343** The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
4344** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
4345**
4346** The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
4347** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
4348** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
4349** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
4350** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
4351** SQLite takes the text result from the application from
4352** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
4353** If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4354** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
4355** through the first zero character.
4356** If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4357** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
4358** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
4359** function result.
4360** If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4361** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
4362** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
4363** finished using that result.
4364** If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or
4365** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
4366** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
4367** copy the it or call a destructor when it has finished using that result.
4368** If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4369** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
4370** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained from
4371** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
4372**
4373** The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
4374** the application-defined function to be a copy the
4375** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  The
4376** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4377** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
4378** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
4379** A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
4380** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
4381** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
4382**
4383** If these routines are called from within the different thread
4384** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
4385** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
4386**
4387** INVARIANTS:
4388**
4389** {H16403} The default return value from any SQL function is NULL.
4390**
4391** {H16406} The [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
4392**          return value of function C to be a BLOB that is N bytes
4393**          in length and with content pointed to by V.
4394**
4395** {H16409} The [sqlite3_result_double(C,V)] interface changes the
4396**          return value of function C to be the floating point value V.
4397**
4398** {H16412} The [sqlite3_result_error(C,V,N)] interface changes the return
4399**          value of function C to be an exception with error code
4400**          [SQLITE_ERROR] and a UTF-8 error message copied from V up to the
4401**          first zero byte or until N bytes are read if N is positive.
4402**
4403** {H16415} The [sqlite3_result_error16(C,V,N)] interface changes the return
4404**          value of function C to be an exception with error code
4405**          [SQLITE_ERROR] and a UTF-16 native byte order error message
4406**          copied from V up to the first zero terminator or until N bytes
4407**          are read if N is positive.
4408**
4409** {H16418} The [sqlite3_result_error_toobig(C)] interface changes the return
4410**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code
4411**          [SQLITE_TOOBIG] and an appropriate error message.
4412**
4413** {H16421} The [sqlite3_result_error_nomem(C)] interface changes the return
4414**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code
4415**          [SQLITE_NOMEM] and an appropriate error message.
4416**
4417** {H16424} The [sqlite3_result_error_code(C,E)] interface changes the return
4418**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code E.
4419**          The error message text is unchanged.
4420**
4421** {H16427} The [sqlite3_result_int(C,V)] interface changes the
4422**          return value of function C to be the 32-bit integer value V.
4423**
4424** {H16430} The [sqlite3_result_int64(C,V)] interface changes the
4425**          return value of function C to be the 64-bit integer value V.
4426**
4427** {H16433} The [sqlite3_result_null(C)] interface changes the
4428**          return value of function C to be NULL.
4429**
4430** {H16436} The [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
4431**          return value of function C to be the UTF-8 string
4432**          V up to the first zero if N is negative
4433**          or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
4434**
4435** {H16439} The [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
4436**          return value of function C to be the UTF-16 native byte order
4437**          string V up to the first zero if N is negative
4438**          or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
4439**
4440** {H16442} The [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
4441**          return value of function C to be the UTF-16 big-endian
4442**          string V up to the first zero if N is negative
4443**          or the first N bytes or V if N is non-negative.
4444**
4445** {H16445} The [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
4446**          return value of function C to be the UTF-16 little-endian
4447**          string V up to the first zero if N is negative
4448**          or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
4449**
4450** {H16448} The [sqlite3_result_value(C,V)] interface changes the
4451**          return value of function C to be the [unprotected sqlite3_value]
4452**          object V.
4453**
4454** {H16451} The [sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N)] interface changes the
4455**          return value of function C to be an N-byte BLOB of all zeros.
4456**
4457** {H16454} The [sqlite3_result_error()] and [sqlite3_result_error16()]
4458**          interfaces make a copy of their error message strings before
4459**          returning.
4460**
4461** {H16457} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
4462**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
4463**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
4464**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is the constant [SQLITE_STATIC]
4465**          then no destructor is ever called on the pointer V and SQLite
4466**          assumes that V is immutable.
4467**
4468** {H16460} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
4469**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
4470**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
4471**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is the constant
4472**          [SQLITE_TRANSIENT] then the interfaces makes a copy of the
4473**          content of V and retains the copy.
4474**
4475** {H16463} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
4476**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
4477**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
4478**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is some value other than
4479**          the constants [SQLITE_STATIC] and [SQLITE_TRANSIENT] then
4480**          SQLite will invoke the destructor D with V as its only argument
4481**          when it has finished with the V value.
4482*/
4483void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4484void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
4485void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
4486void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
4487void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
4488void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
4489void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
4490void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
4491void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
4492void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
4493void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
4494void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4495void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
4496void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
4497void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
4498void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
4499
4500/*
4501** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences {H16600} <S20300>
4502**
4503** These functions are used to add new collation sequences to the
4504** [database connection] specified as the first argument.
4505**
4506** The name of the new collation sequence is specified as a UTF-8 string
4507** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
4508** and a UTF-16 string for sqlite3_create_collation16(). In all cases
4509** the name is passed as the second function argument.
4510**
4511** The third argument may be one of the constants [SQLITE_UTF8],
4512** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] or [SQLITE_UTF16BE], indicating that the user-supplied
4513** routine expects to be passed pointers to strings encoded using UTF-8,
4514** UTF-16 little-endian, or UTF-16 big-endian, respectively. The
4515** third argument might also be [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] to indicate that
4516** the routine expects pointers to 16-bit word aligned strings
4517** of UTF-16 in the native byte order of the host computer.
4518**
4519** A pointer to the user supplied routine must be passed as the fifth
4520** argument.  If it is NULL, this is the same as deleting the collation
4521** sequence (so that SQLite cannot call it anymore).
4522** Each time the application supplied function is invoked, it is passed
4523** as its first parameter a copy of the void* passed as the fourth argument
4524** to sqlite3_create_collation() or sqlite3_create_collation16().
4525**
4526** The remaining arguments to the application-supplied routine are two strings,
4527** each represented by a (length, data) pair and encoded in the encoding
4528** that was passed as the third argument when the collation sequence was
4529** registered. {END}  The application defined collation routine should
4530** return negative, zero or positive if the first string is less than,
4531** equal to, or greater than the second string. i.e. (STRING1 - STRING2).
4532**
4533** The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
4534** except that it takes an extra argument which is a destructor for
4535** the collation.  The destructor is called when the collation is
4536** destroyed and is passed a copy of the fourth parameter void* pointer
4537** of the sqlite3_create_collation_v2().
4538** Collations are destroyed when they are overridden by later calls to the
4539** collation creation functions or when the [database connection] is closed
4540** using [sqlite3_close()].
4541**
4542** INVARIANTS:
4543**
4544** {H16603} A successful call to the
4545**          [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)] interface
4546**          registers function F as the comparison function used to
4547**          implement collation X on the [database connection] B for
4548**          databases having encoding E.
4549**
4550** {H16604} SQLite understands the X parameter to
4551**          [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)] as a zero-terminated
4552**          UTF-8 string in which case is ignored for ASCII characters and
4553**          is significant for non-ASCII characters.
4554**
4555** {H16606} Successive calls to [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
4556**          with the same values for B, X, and E, override prior values
4557**          of P, F, and D.
4558**
4559** {H16609} If the destructor D in [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
4560**          is not NULL then it is called with argument P when the
4561**          collating function is dropped by SQLite.
4562**
4563** {H16612} A collating function is dropped when it is overloaded.
4564**
4565** {H16615} A collating function is dropped when the database connection
4566**          is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
4567**
4568** {H16618} The pointer P in [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
4569**          is passed through as the first parameter to the comparison
4570**          function F for all subsequent invocations of F.
4571**
4572** {H16621} A call to [sqlite3_create_collation(B,X,E,P,F)] is exactly
4573**          the same as a call to [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()] with
4574**          the same parameters and a NULL destructor.
4575**
4576** {H16624} Following a [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)],
4577**          SQLite uses the comparison function F for all text comparison
4578**          operations on the [database connection] B on text values that
4579**          use the collating sequence named X.
4580**
4581** {H16627} The [sqlite3_create_collation16(B,X,E,P,F)] works the same
4582**          as [sqlite3_create_collation(B,X,E,P,F)] except that the
4583**          collation name X is understood as UTF-16 in native byte order
4584**          instead of UTF-8.
4585**
4586** {H16630} When multiple comparison functions are available for the same
4587**          collating sequence, SQLite chooses the one whose text encoding
4588**          requires the least amount of conversion from the default
4589**          text encoding of the database.
4590*/
4591int sqlite3_create_collation(
4592  sqlite3*,
4593  const char *zName,
4594  int eTextRep,
4595  void*,
4596  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
4597);
4598int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
4599  sqlite3*,
4600  const char *zName,
4601  int eTextRep,
4602  void*,
4603  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
4604  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4605);
4606int sqlite3_create_collation16(
4607  sqlite3*,
4608  const void *zName,
4609  int eTextRep,
4610  void*,
4611  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
4612);
4613
4614/*
4615** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks {H16700} <S20300>
4616**
4617** To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
4618** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
4619** [database connection] to be called whenever an undefined collation
4620** sequence is required.
4621**
4622** If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
4623** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
4624** encoded in UTF-8. {H16703} If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
4625** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
4626** A call to either function replaces any existing callback.
4627**
4628** When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
4629** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
4630** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
4631** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
4632** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
4633** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
4634** required collation sequence.
4635**
4636** The callback function should register the desired collation using
4637** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
4638** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
4639**
4640** INVARIANTS:
4641**
4642** {H16702} A successful call to [sqlite3_collation_needed(D,P,F)]
4643**          or [sqlite3_collation_needed16(D,P,F)] causes
4644**          the [database connection] D to invoke callback F with first
4645**          parameter P whenever it needs a comparison function for a
4646**          collating sequence that it does not know about.
4647**
4648** {H16704} Each successful call to [sqlite3_collation_needed()] or
4649**          [sqlite3_collation_needed16()] overrides the callback registered
4650**          on the same [database connection] by prior calls to either
4651**          interface.
4652**
4653** {H16706} The name of the requested collating function passed in the
4654**          4th parameter to the callback is in UTF-8 if the callback
4655**          was registered using [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and
4656**          is in UTF-16 native byte order if the callback was
4657**          registered using [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
4658*/
4659int sqlite3_collation_needed(
4660  sqlite3*,
4661  void*,
4662  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
4663);
4664int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
4665  sqlite3*,
4666  void*,
4667  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
4668);
4669
4670/*
4671** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
4672** called right after sqlite3_open().
4673**
4674** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
4675** of SQLite.
4676*/
4677int sqlite3_key(
4678  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
4679  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
4680);
4681
4682/*
4683** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
4684** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
4685** database is decrypted.
4686**
4687** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
4688** of SQLite.
4689*/
4690int sqlite3_rekey(
4691  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
4692  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
4693);
4694
4695/*
4696** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time {H10530} <S40410>
4697**
4698** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
4699** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
4700**
4701** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
4702** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
4703** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
4704** requested from the operating system is returned.
4705**
4706** SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
4707** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
4708**
4709** INVARIANTS:
4710**
4711** {H10533} The [sqlite3_sleep(M)] interface invokes the xSleep
4712**          method of the default [sqlite3_vfs|VFS] in order to
4713**          suspend execution of the current thread for at least
4714**          M milliseconds.
4715**
4716** {H10536} The [sqlite3_sleep(M)] interface returns the number of
4717**          milliseconds of sleep actually requested of the operating
4718**          system, which might be larger than the parameter M.
4719*/
4720int sqlite3_sleep(int);
4721
4722/*
4723** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files {H10310} <S20000>
4724**
4725** If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
4726** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
4727** created by SQLite will be placed in that directory.  If this variable
4728** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
4729** temporary file directory.
4730**
4731** It is not safe to modify this variable once a [database connection]
4732** has been opened.  It is intended that this variable be set once
4733** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
4734** routines have been call and remain unchanged thereafter.
4735*/
4736SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
4737
4738/*
4739** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode {H12930} <S60200>
4740** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
4741**
4742** The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
4743** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
4744** respectively.  Autocommit mode is on by default.
4745** Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
4746** Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
4747**
4748** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
4749** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
4750** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
4751** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
4752** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
4753** an error is to use this function.
4754**
4755** INVARIANTS:
4756**
4757** {H12931} The [sqlite3_get_autocommit(D)] interface returns non-zero or
4758**          zero if the [database connection] D is or is not in autocommit
4759**          mode, respectively.
4760**
4761** {H12932} Autocommit mode is on by default.
4762**
4763** {H12933} Autocommit mode is disabled by a successful [BEGIN] statement.
4764**
4765** {H12934} Autocommit mode is enabled by a successful [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK]
4766**          statement.
4767**
4768** ASSUMPTIONS:
4769**
4770** {A12936} If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
4771**          connection while this routine is running, then the return value
4772**          is undefined.
4773*/
4774int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
4775
4776/*
4777** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement {H13120} <S60600>
4778**
4779** The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
4780** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  The database handle returned by
4781** sqlite3_db_handle is the same database handle that was the first argument
4782** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
4783** create the statement in the first place.
4784**
4785** INVARIANTS:
4786**
4787** {H13123} The [sqlite3_db_handle(S)] interface returns a pointer
4788**          to the [database connection] associated with the
4789**          [prepared statement] S.
4790*/
4791sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
4792
4793/*
4794** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement {H13140} <S60600>
4795**
4796** This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
4797** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  If pStmt is NULL
4798** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
4799** associated with the database connection pDb.  If no prepared statement
4800** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
4801**
4802** INVARIANTS:
4803**
4804** {H13143} If D is a [database connection] that holds one or more
4805**          unfinalized [prepared statements] and S is a NULL pointer,
4806**          then [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)] routine shall return a pointer
4807**          to one of the prepared statements associated with D.
4808**
4809** {H13146} If D is a [database connection] that holds no unfinalized
4810**          [prepared statements] and S is a NULL pointer, then
4811**          [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)] routine shall return a NULL pointer.
4812**
4813** {H13149} If S is a [prepared statement] in the [database connection] D
4814**          and S is not the last prepared statement in D, then
4815**          [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)] routine shall return a pointer
4816**          to the next prepared statement in D after S.
4817**
4818** {H13152} If S is the last [prepared statement] in the
4819**          [database connection] D then the [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)]
4820**          routine shall return a NULL pointer.
4821**
4822** ASSUMPTIONS:
4823**
4824** {A13154} The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
4825**          [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
4826**          connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
4827*/
4828sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4829
4830/*
4831** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks {H12950} <S60400>
4832**
4833** The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
4834** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is committed.
4835** Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
4836** for the same database connection is overridden.
4837** The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
4838** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is committed.
4839** Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
4840** for the same database connection is overridden.
4841** The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
4842** If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
4843** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
4844**
4845** If another function was previously registered, its
4846** pArg value is returned.  Otherwise NULL is returned.
4847**
4848** Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
4849**
4850** For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
4851** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
4852** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
4853** The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
4854** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
4855** The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
4856** rolled back because a commit callback returned non-zero.
4857** <todo> Check on this </todo>
4858**
4859** INVARIANTS:
4860**
4861** {H12951} The [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] interface registers the
4862**          callback function F to be invoked with argument P whenever
4863**          a transaction commits on the [database connection] D.
4864**
4865** {H12952} The [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the P argument
4866**          from the previous call with the same [database connection] D,
4867**          or NULL on the first call for a particular database connection D.
4868**
4869** {H12953} Each call to [sqlite3_commit_hook()] overwrites the callback
4870**          registered by prior calls.
4871**
4872** {H12954} If the F argument to [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] is NULL
4873**          then the commit hook callback is canceled and no callback
4874**          is invoked when a transaction commits.
4875**
4876** {H12955} If the commit callback returns non-zero then the commit is
4877**          converted into a rollback.
4878**
4879** {H12961} The [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] interface registers the
4880**          callback function F to be invoked with argument P whenever
4881**          a transaction rolls back on the [database connection] D.
4882**
4883** {H12962} The [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the P
4884**          argument from the previous call with the same
4885**          [database connection] D, or NULL on the first call
4886**          for a particular database connection D.
4887**
4888** {H12963} Each call to [sqlite3_rollback_hook()] overwrites the callback
4889**          registered by prior calls.
4890**
4891** {H12964} If the F argument to [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] is NULL
4892**          then the rollback hook callback is canceled and no callback
4893**          is invoked when a transaction rolls back.
4894*/
4895void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
4896void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
4897
4898/*
4899** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks {H12970} <S60400>
4900**
4901** The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
4902** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
4903** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted.
4904** Any callback set by a previous call to this function
4905** for the same database connection is overridden.
4906**
4907** The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
4908** row is updated, inserted or deleted.
4909** The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
4910** to sqlite3_update_hook().
4911** The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
4912** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
4913** to be invoked.
4914** The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
4915** database and table name containing the affected row.
4916** The final callback parameter is the rowid of the row. In the case of
4917** an update, this is the rowid after the update takes place.
4918**
4919** The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
4920** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).
4921**
4922** If another function was previously registered, its pArg value
4923** is returned.  Otherwise NULL is returned.
4924**
4925** INVARIANTS:
4926**
4927** {H12971} The [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] interface causes the callback
4928**          function F to be invoked with first parameter P whenever
4929**          a table row is modified, inserted, or deleted on
4930**          the [database connection] D.
4931**
4932** {H12973} The [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the value
4933**          of P for the previous call on the same [database connection] D,
4934**          or NULL for the first call.
4935**
4936** {H12975} If the update hook callback F in [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)]
4937**          is NULL then the no update callbacks are made.
4938**
4939** {H12977} Each call to [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] overrides prior calls
4940**          to the same interface on the same [database connection] D.
4941**
4942** {H12979} The update hook callback is not invoked when internal system
4943**          tables such as sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence are modified.
4944**
4945** {H12981} The second parameter to the update callback
4946**          is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE],
4947**          depending on the operation that caused the callback to be invoked.
4948**
4949** {H12983} The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers
4950**          to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings which are the names of the
4951**          database and table that is being updated.
4952
4953** {H12985} The final callback parameter is the rowid of the row after
4954**          the change occurs.
4955*/
4956void *sqlite3_update_hook(
4957  sqlite3*,
4958  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
4959  void*
4960);
4961
4962/*
4963** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache {H10330} <S30900>
4964** KEYWORDS: {shared cache} {shared cache mode}
4965**
4966** This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
4967** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
4968** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
4969** and disabled if the argument is false.
4970**
4971** Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process. {END}
4972** This is a change as of SQLite version 3.5.0. In prior versions of SQLite,
4973** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
4974**
4975** The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
4976** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
4977** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode
4978** that was in effect at the time they were opened.
4979**
4980** Virtual tables cannot be used with a shared cache.  When shared
4981** cache is enabled, the [sqlite3_create_module()] API used to register
4982** virtual tables will always return an error.
4983**
4984** This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
4985** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.
4986**
4987** Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
4988** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
4989** cache setting should set it explicitly.
4990**
4991** INVARIANTS:
4992**
4993** {H10331} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(B)]
4994**          will enable or disable shared cache mode for any subsequently
4995**          created [database connection] in the same process.
4996**
4997** {H10336} When shared cache is enabled, the [sqlite3_create_module()]
4998**          interface will always return an error.
4999**
5000** {H10337} The [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(B)] interface returns
5001**          [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled successfully.
5002**
5003** {H10339} Shared cache is disabled by default.
5004*/
5005int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
5006
5007/*
5008** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory {H17340} <S30220>
5009**
5010** The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
5011** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
5012** held by the database library. {END}  Memory used to cache database
5013** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
5014** sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
5015** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
5016**
5017** INVARIANTS:
5018**
5019** {H17341} The [sqlite3_release_memory(N)] interface attempts to
5020**          free N bytes of heap memory by deallocating non-essential
5021**          memory allocations held by the database library.
5022**
5023** {H16342} The [sqlite3_release_memory(N)] returns the number
5024**          of bytes actually freed, which might be more or less
5025**          than the amount requested.
5026*/
5027int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
5028
5029/*
5030** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size {H17350} <S30220>
5031**
5032** The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit() interface places a "soft" limit
5033** on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
5034** If an internal allocation is requested that would exceed the
5035** soft heap limit, [sqlite3_release_memory()] is invoked one or
5036** more times to free up some space before the allocation is performed.
5037**
5038** The limit is called "soft", because if [sqlite3_release_memory()]
5039** cannot free sufficient memory to prevent the limit from being exceeded,
5040** the memory is allocated anyway and the current operation proceeds.
5041**
5042** A negative or zero value for N means that there is no soft heap limit and
5043** [sqlite3_release_memory()] will only be called when memory is exhausted.
5044** The default value for the soft heap limit is zero.
5045**
5046** SQLite makes a best effort to honor the soft heap limit.
5047** But if the soft heap limit cannot be honored, execution will
5048** continue without error or notification.  This is why the limit is
5049** called a "soft" limit.  It is advisory only.
5050**
5051** Prior to SQLite version 3.5.0, this routine only constrained the memory
5052** allocated by a single thread - the same thread in which this routine
5053** runs.  Beginning with SQLite version 3.5.0, the soft heap limit is
5054** applied to all threads. The value specified for the soft heap limit
5055** is an upper bound on the total memory allocation for all threads. In
5056** version 3.5.0 there is no mechanism for limiting the heap usage for
5057** individual threads.
5058**
5059** INVARIANTS:
5060**
5061** {H16351} The [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] interface places a soft limit
5062**          of N bytes on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated
5063**          using [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] at any point
5064**          in time.
5065**
5066** {H16352} If a call to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] would
5067**          cause the total amount of allocated memory to exceed the
5068**          soft heap limit, then [sqlite3_release_memory()] is invoked
5069**          in an attempt to reduce the memory usage prior to proceeding
5070**          with the memory allocation attempt.
5071**
5072** {H16353} Calls to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that trigger
5073**          attempts to reduce memory usage through the soft heap limit
5074**          mechanism continue even if the attempt to reduce memory
5075**          usage is unsuccessful.
5076**
5077** {H16354} A negative or zero value for N in a call to
5078**          [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] means that there is no soft
5079**          heap limit and [sqlite3_release_memory()] will only be
5080**          called when memory is completely exhausted.
5081**
5082** {H16355} The default value for the soft heap limit is zero.
5083**
5084** {H16358} Each call to [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] overrides the
5085**          values set by all prior calls.
5086*/
5087void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int);
5088
5089/*
5090** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table {H12850} <S60300>
5091**
5092** This routine returns metadata about a specific column of a specific
5093** database table accessible using the [database connection] handle
5094** passed as the first function argument.
5095**
5096** The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
5097** this function. The second parameter is either the name of the database
5098** (i.e. "main", "temp" or an attached database) containing the specified
5099** table or NULL. If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
5100** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
5101** resolve unqualified table references.
5102**
5103** The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
5104** name of the desired column, respectively. Neither of these parameters
5105** may be NULL.
5106**
5107** Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
5108** and subsequent parameters to this function. Any of these arguments may be
5109** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
5110**
5111** <blockquote>
5112** <table border="1">
5113** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
5114**
5115** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
5116** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
5117** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
5118** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
5119** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is AUTOINCREMENT
5120** </table>
5121** </blockquote>
5122**
5123** The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
5124** declaration type and collation sequence is valid only until the next
5125** call to any SQLite API function.
5126**
5127** If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
5128**
5129** If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and an
5130** INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column has been explicitly declared, then the output
5131** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. If there is no
5132** explicitly declared INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column, then the output
5133** parameters are set as follows:
5134**
5135** <pre>
5136**     data type: "INTEGER"
5137**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
5138**     not null: 0
5139**     primary key: 1
5140**     auto increment: 0
5141** </pre>
5142**
5143** This function may load one or more schemas from database files. If an
5144** error occurs during this process, or if the requested table or column
5145** cannot be found, an [error code] is returned and an error message left
5146** in the [database connection] (to be retrieved using sqlite3_errmsg()).
5147**
5148** This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
5149** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
5150*/
5151int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
5152  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
5153  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
5154  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
5155  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
5156  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
5157  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
5158  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
5159  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
5160  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
5161);
5162
5163/*
5164** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension {H12600} <S20500>
5165**
5166** This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
5167**
5168** {H12601} The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
5169**          SQLite extension library contained in the file zFile.
5170**
5171** {H12602} The entry point is zProc.
5172**
5173** {H12603} zProc may be 0, in which case the name of the entry point
5174**          defaults to "sqlite3_extension_init".
5175**
5176** {H12604} The sqlite3_load_extension() interface shall return
5177**          [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
5178**
5179** {H12605} If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
5180**          [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
5181**          fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
5182**          obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. {END}  The calling function
5183**          should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
5184**
5185** {H12606} Extension loading must be enabled using
5186**          [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] prior to calling this API,
5187**          otherwise an error will be returned.
5188*/
5189int sqlite3_load_extension(
5190  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
5191  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
5192  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
5193  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
5194);
5195
5196/*
5197** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading {H12620} <S20500>
5198**
5199** So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
5200** unprepared to deal with extension loading, and as a means of disabling
5201** extension loading while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
5202** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
5203**
5204** Extension loading is off by default. See ticket #1863.
5205**
5206** {H12621} Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
5207**          to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
5208**          it back off again.
5209**
5210** {H12622} Extension loading is off by default.
5211*/
5212int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
5213
5214/*
5215** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load An Extensions {H12640} <S20500>
5216**
5217** This API can be invoked at program startup in order to register
5218** one or more statically linked extensions that will be available
5219** to all new [database connections]. {END}
5220**
5221** This routine stores a pointer to the extension in an array that is
5222** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  If you run a memory leak checker
5223** on your program and it reports a leak because of this array, invoke
5224** [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()] prior to shutdown to free the memory.
5225**
5226** {H12641} This function registers an extension entry point that is
5227**          automatically invoked whenever a new [database connection]
5228**          is opened using [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
5229**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()].
5230**
5231** {H12642} Duplicate extensions are detected so calling this routine
5232**          multiple times with the same extension is harmless.
5233**
5234** {H12643} This routine stores a pointer to the extension in an array
5235**          that is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
5236**
5237** {H12644} Automatic extensions apply across all threads.
5238*/
5239int sqlite3_auto_extension(void *xEntryPoint);
5240
5241/*
5242** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading {H12660} <S20500>
5243**
5244** This function disables all previously registered automatic
5245** extensions. {END}  It undoes the effect of all prior
5246** [sqlite3_auto_extension()] calls.
5247**
5248** {H12661} This function disables all previously registered
5249**          automatic extensions.
5250**
5251** {H12662} This function disables automatic extensions in all threads.
5252*/
5253void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
5254
5255/*
5256****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
5257**
5258** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
5259** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
5260** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
5261**
5262** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
5263** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
5264*/
5265
5266/*
5267** Structures used by the virtual table interface
5268*/
5269typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
5270typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
5271typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
5272typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
5273
5274/*
5275** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object {H18000} <S20400>
5276** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module
5277** EXPERIMENTAL
5278**
5279** A module is a class of virtual tables.  Each module is defined
5280** by an instance of the following structure.  This structure consists
5281** mostly of methods for the module.
5282**
5283** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
5284** removal in future releases of SQLite.
5285*/
5286struct sqlite3_module {
5287  int iVersion;
5288  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5289               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5290               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5291  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5292               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5293               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5294  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
5295  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5296  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5297  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
5298  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5299  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
5300                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
5301  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5302  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5303  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
5304  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
5305  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
5306  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5307  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5308  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5309  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5310  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
5311                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5312                       void **ppArg);
5313  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
5314};
5315
5316/*
5317** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information {H18100} <S20400>
5318** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
5319** EXPERIMENTAL
5320**
5321** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used to
5322** pass information into and receive the reply from the xBestIndex
5323** method of an sqlite3_module.  The fields under **Inputs** are the
5324** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
5325** results into the **Outputs** fields.
5326**
5327** The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
5328**
5329** <pre>column OP expr</pre>
5330**
5331** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.  The particular operator is
5332** stored in aConstraint[].op.  The index of the column is stored in
5333** aConstraint[].iColumn.  aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
5334** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
5335** is usable) and false if it cannot.
5336**
5337** The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
5338** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
5339** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
5340** The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms in the correct
5341** form that refer to the particular virtual table being queried.
5342**
5343** Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
5344** Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
5345**
5346** The xBestIndex method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
5347** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  If argvIndex>0 then
5348** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
5349** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  If aConstraintUsage[].omit
5350** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
5351** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.
5352**
5353** The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into xFilter.
5354** sqlite3_free() is used to free idxPtr if needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
5355**
5356** The orderByConsumed means that output from xFilter will occur in
5357** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
5358** sorting step is required.
5359**
5360** The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of doing the
5361** particular lookup.  A full scan of a table with N entries should have
5362** a cost of N.  A binary search of a table of N entries should have a
5363** cost of approximately log(N).
5364**
5365** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
5366** removal in future releases of SQLite.
5367*/
5368struct sqlite3_index_info {
5369  /* Inputs */
5370  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
5371  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
5372     int iColumn;              /* Column on left-hand side of constraint */
5373     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
5374     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
5375     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
5376  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
5377  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
5378  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
5379     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
5380     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
5381  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
5382  /* Outputs */
5383  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
5384    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
5385    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
5386  } *aConstraintUsage;
5387  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
5388  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
5389  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
5390  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
5391  double estimatedCost;      /* Estimated cost of using this index */
5392};
5393#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ    2
5394#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT    4
5395#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE    8
5396#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT    16
5397#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE    32
5398#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64
5399
5400/*
5401** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {H18200} <S20400>
5402** EXPERIMENTAL
5403**
5404** This routine is used to register a new module name with a
5405** [database connection].  Module names must be registered before
5406** creating new virtual tables on the module, or before using
5407** preexisting virtual tables of the module.
5408**
5409** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
5410** removal in future releases of SQLite.
5411*/
5412SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_create_module(
5413  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
5414  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
5415  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
5416  void *                     /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
5417);
5418
5419/*
5420** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {H18210} <S20400>
5421** EXPERIMENTAL
5422**
5423** This routine is identical to the [sqlite3_create_module()] method above,
5424** except that it allows a destructor function to be specified. It is
5425** even more experimental than the rest of the virtual tables API.
5426*/
5427SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
5428  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
5429  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
5430  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
5431  void *,                    /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
5432  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
5433);
5434
5435/*
5436** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object {H18010} <S20400>
5437** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
5438** EXPERIMENTAL
5439**
5440** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
5441** to describe a particular instance of the module.  Each subclass will
5442** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
5443** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
5444** common to all module implementations.
5445**
5446** Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
5447** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
5448** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
5449** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  After the error message
5450** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
5451** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.  Note
5452** that sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_free() are used on the zErrMsg field
5453** since virtual tables are commonly implemented in loadable extensions which
5454** do not have access to sqlite3MPrintf() or sqlite3Free().
5455**
5456** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
5457** removal in future releases of SQLite.
5458*/
5459struct sqlite3_vtab {
5460  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
5461  int nRef;                       /* Used internally */
5462  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
5463  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
5464};
5465
5466/*
5467** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object  {H18020} <S20400>
5468** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor
5469** EXPERIMENTAL
5470**
5471** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
5472** to describe cursors that point into the virtual table and are used
5473** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
5474** xOpen method of the module.  Each module implementation will define
5475** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
5476**
5477** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
5478** are common to all implementations.
5479**
5480** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
5481** removal in future releases of SQLite.
5482*/
5483struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
5484  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
5485  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
5486};
5487
5488/*
5489** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table {H18280} <S20400>
5490** EXPERIMENTAL
5491**
5492** The xCreate and xConnect methods of a module use the following API
5493** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
5494** the virtual tables they implement.
5495**
5496** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
5497** removal in future releases of SQLite.
5498*/
5499SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zCreateTable);
5500
5501/*
5502** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table {H18300} <S20400>
5503** EXPERIMENTAL
5504**
5505** Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
5506** using the xFindFunction method.  But global versions of those functions
5507** must exist in order to be overloaded.
5508**
5509** This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
5510** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
5511** before this API is called, a new function is created.  The implementation
5512** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
5513** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
5514** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
5515** by virtual tables.
5516**
5517** This API should be considered part of the virtual table interface,
5518** which is experimental and subject to change.
5519*/
5520SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
5521
5522/*
5523** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
5524** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
5525** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
5526** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
5527**
5528** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
5529** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
5530**
5531****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
5532*/
5533
5534/*
5535** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB {H17800} <S30230>
5536** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
5537**
5538** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
5539** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
5540** Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
5541** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
5542** The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
5543** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
5544** The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
5545*/
5546typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
5547
5548/*
5549** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O {H17810} <S30230>
5550**
5551** This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
5552** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
5553** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
5554**
5555** <pre>
5556**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE rowid = iRow;
5557** </pre> {END}
5558**
5559** If the flags parameter is non-zero, the the BLOB is opened for read
5560** and write access. If it is zero, the BLOB is opened for read access.
5561**
5562** Note that the database name is not the filename that contains
5563** the database but rather the symbolic name of the database that
5564** is assigned when the database is connected using [ATTACH].
5565** For the main database file, the database name is "main".
5566** For TEMP tables, the database name is "temp".
5567**
5568** On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is written
5569** to *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and any value written
5570** to *ppBlob should not be used by the caller.
5571** This function sets the [database connection] error code and message
5572** accessible via [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
5573**
5574** If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
5575** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
5576** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
5577** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
5578** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.
5579** Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
5580** a expired BLOB handle fail with an return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
5581** Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
5582** rollback by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
5583** commit if the transaction continues to completion.
5584**
5585** INVARIANTS:
5586**
5587** {H17813} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)]
5588**          interface shall open an [sqlite3_blob] object P on the BLOB
5589**          in column C of the table T in the database B on
5590**          the [database connection] D.
5591**
5592** {H17814} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)] shall start
5593**          a new transaction on the [database connection] D if that
5594**          connection is not already in a transaction.
5595**
5596** {H17816} The [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)] interface shall open
5597**          the BLOB for read and write access if and only if the F
5598**          parameter is non-zero.
5599**
5600** {H17819} The [sqlite3_blob_open()] interface shall return [SQLITE_OK] on
5601**          success and an appropriate [error code] on failure.
5602**
5603** {H17821} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)]
5604**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
5605**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] shall return
5606**          information appropriate for that error.
5607**
5608** {H17824} If any column in the row that a [sqlite3_blob] has open is
5609**          changed by a separate [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statement or by
5610**          an [ON CONFLICT] side effect, then the [sqlite3_blob] shall
5611**          be marked as invalid.
5612*/
5613int sqlite3_blob_open(
5614  sqlite3*,
5615  const char *zDb,
5616  const char *zTable,
5617  const char *zColumn,
5618  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
5619  int flags,
5620  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
5621);
5622
5623/*
5624** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle {H17830} <S30230>
5625**
5626** Closes an open [BLOB handle].
5627**
5628** Closing a BLOB shall cause the current transaction to commit
5629** if there are no other BLOBs, no pending prepared statements, and the
5630** database connection is in [autocommit mode].
5631** If any writes were made to the BLOB, they might be held in cache
5632** until the close operation if they will fit. {END}
5633**
5634** Closing the BLOB often forces the changes
5635** out to disk and so if any I/O errors occur, they will likely occur
5636** at the time when the BLOB is closed.  {H17833} Any errors that occur during
5637** closing are reported as a non-zero return value.
5638**
5639** The BLOB is closed unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns
5640** an error code, the BLOB is still closed.
5641**
5642** INVARIANTS:
5643**
5644** {H17833} The [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] interface closes an [sqlite3_blob]
5645**          object P previously opened using [sqlite3_blob_open()].
5646**
5647** {H17836} Closing an [sqlite3_blob] object using
5648**          [sqlite3_blob_close()] shall cause the current transaction to
5649**          commit if there are no other open [sqlite3_blob] objects
5650**          or [prepared statements] on the same [database connection] and
5651**          the database connection is in [autocommit mode].
5652**
5653** {H17839} The [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] interfaces shall close the
5654**          [sqlite3_blob] object P unconditionally, even if
5655**          [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] returns something other than [SQLITE_OK].
5656*/
5657int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
5658
5659/*
5660** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB {H17840} <S30230>
5661**
5662** Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the open
5663** []BLOB handle] in its only argument.
5664**
5665** INVARIANTS:
5666**
5667** {H17843} The [sqlite3_blob_bytes(P)] interface returns the size
5668**          in bytes of the BLOB that the [sqlite3_blob] object P
5669**          refers to.
5670*/
5671int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
5672
5673/*
5674** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally {H17850} <S30230>
5675**
5676** This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
5677** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
5678** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.
5679**
5680** If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
5681** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  If N or iOffset is
5682** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
5683**
5684** An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
5685** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
5686**
5687** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned.
5688** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
5689**
5690** INVARIANTS:
5691**
5692** {H17853} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)]
5693**          shall reads N bytes of data out of the BLOB referenced by
5694**          [BLOB handle] P beginning at offset X and store those bytes
5695**          into buffer Z.
5696**
5697** {H17856} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if the size of the BLOB
5698**          is less than N+X bytes, then the function shall leave the
5699**          Z buffer unchanged and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
5700**
5701** {H17859} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if X or N is less than zero
5702**          then the function shall leave the Z buffer unchanged
5703**          and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
5704**
5705** {H17862} The [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return [SQLITE_OK]
5706**          if N bytes are successfully read into buffer Z.
5707**
5708** {H17863} If the [BLOB handle] P is expired and X and N are within bounds
5709**          then [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] shall leave the Z buffer
5710**          unchanged and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
5711**
5712** {H17865} If the requested read could not be completed,
5713**          the [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return an
5714**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
5715**
5716** {H17868} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_read(P,...)]
5717**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
5718**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] shall return
5719**          information appropriate for that error, where D is the
5720**          [database connection] that was used to open the [BLOB handle] P.
5721*/
5722int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
5723
5724/*
5725** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally {H17870} <S30230>
5726**
5727** This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
5728** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
5729** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.
5730**
5731** If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
5732** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
5733** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
5734**
5735** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
5736** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
5737** If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
5738** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.  If N is
5739** less than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
5740**
5741** An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
5742** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  Writes to the BLOB that occurred
5743** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
5744** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
5745** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
5746** or by other independent statements.
5747**
5748** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned.
5749** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
5750**
5751** INVARIANTS:
5752**
5753** {H17873} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)]
5754**          shall write N bytes of data from buffer Z into the BLOB
5755**          referenced by [BLOB handle] P beginning at offset X into
5756**          the BLOB.
5757**
5758** {H17874} In the absence of other overridding changes, the changes
5759**          written to a BLOB by [sqlite3_blob_write()] shall
5760**          remain in effect after the associated [BLOB handle] expires.
5761**
5762** {H17875} If the [BLOB handle] P was opened for reading only then
5763**          an invocation of [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] shall leave
5764**          the referenced BLOB unchanged and return [SQLITE_READONLY].
5765**
5766** {H17876} If the size of the BLOB referenced by [BLOB handle] P is
5767**          less than N+X bytes then [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] shall
5768**          leave the BLOB unchanged and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
5769**
5770** {H17877} If the [BLOB handle] P is expired and X and N are within bounds
5771**          then [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] shall leave the BLOB
5772**          unchanged and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
5773**
5774** {H17879} If X or N are less than zero then [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)]
5775**          shall leave the BLOB referenced by [BLOB handle] P unchanged
5776**          and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
5777**
5778** {H17882} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return
5779**          [SQLITE_OK] if N bytes where successfully written into the BLOB.
5780**
5781** {H17885} If the requested write could not be completed,
5782**          the [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return an
5783**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
5784**
5785** {H17888} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_write(D,...)]
5786**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
5787**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] shall return
5788**          information appropriate for that error.
5789*/
5790int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
5791
5792/*
5793** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects {H11200} <S20100>
5794**
5795** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
5796** that SQLite uses to interact
5797** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
5798** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
5799** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
5800** The following interfaces are provided.
5801**
5802** The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
5803** Names are case sensitive.
5804** Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
5805** If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
5806** If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
5807**
5808** New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
5809** Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
5810** The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
5811** To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
5812** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
5813** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
5814** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
5815** then the behavior is undefined.
5816**
5817** Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
5818** If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
5819** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.
5820**
5821** INVARIANTS:
5822**
5823** {H11203} The [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] interface returns a pointer to the
5824**          registered [sqlite3_vfs] object whose name exactly matches
5825**          the zero-terminated UTF-8 string N, or it returns NULL if
5826**          there is no match.
5827**
5828** {H11206} If the N parameter to [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] is NULL then
5829**          the function returns a pointer to the default [sqlite3_vfs]
5830**          object if there is one, or NULL if there is no default
5831**          [sqlite3_vfs] object.
5832**
5833** {H11209} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface registers the
5834**          well-formed [sqlite3_vfs] object P using the name given
5835**          by the zName field of the object.
5836**
5837** {H11212} Using the [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface to register
5838**          the same [sqlite3_vfs] object multiple times is a harmless no-op.
5839**
5840** {H11215} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface makes the [sqlite3_vfs]
5841**          object P the default [sqlite3_vfs] object if F is non-zero.
5842**
5843** {H11218} The [sqlite3_vfs_unregister(P)] interface unregisters the
5844**          [sqlite3_vfs] object P so that it is no longer returned by
5845**          subsequent calls to [sqlite3_vfs_find()].
5846*/
5847sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
5848int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
5849int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
5850
5851/*
5852** CAPI3REF: Mutexes {H17000} <S20000>
5853**
5854** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
5855** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
5856** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
5857** permitted to use any of these routines.
5858**
5859** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
5860** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
5861** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
5862** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
5863**
5864** <ul>
5865** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_OS2
5866** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREAD
5867** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
5868** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
5869** </ul>
5870**
5871** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
5872** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
5873** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_OS2,
5874** SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREAD, and SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations
5875** are appropriate for use on OS/2, Unix, and Windows.
5876**
5877** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
5878** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
5879** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
5880** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
5881** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
5882** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
5883** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
5884**
5885** {H17011} The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
5886** mutex and returns a pointer to it. {H17012} If it returns NULL
5887** that means that a mutex could not be allocated. {H17013} SQLite
5888** will unwind its stack and return an error. {H17014} The argument
5889** to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() is one of these integer constants:
5890**
5891** <ul>
5892** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
5893** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
5894** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
5895** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
5896** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2
5897** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
5898** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
5899** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2
5900** </ul>
5901**
5902** {H17015} The first two constants cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
5903** a new mutex.  The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
5904** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used. {END}
5905** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
5906** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
5907** not want to.  {H17016} But SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
5908** cases where it really needs one.  {END} If a faster non-recursive mutex
5909** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
5910** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
5911**
5912** {H17017} The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() each return
5913** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex. {END}  Four static mutexes are
5914** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
5915** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
5916** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
5917** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
5918** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
5919**
5920** {H17018} Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
5921** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
5922** returns a different mutex on every call.  {H17034} But for the static
5923** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
5924** the same type number.
5925**
5926** {H17019} The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
5927** allocated dynamic mutex. {H17020} SQLite is careful to deallocate every
5928** dynamic mutex that it allocates. {A17021} The dynamic mutexes must not be in
5929** use when they are deallocated. {A17022} Attempting to deallocate a static
5930** mutex results in undefined behavior. {H17023} SQLite never deallocates
5931** a static mutex. {END}
5932**
5933** The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
5934** to enter a mutex. {H17024} If another thread is already within the mutex,
5935** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
5936** SQLITE_BUSY. {H17025}  The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
5937** upon successful entry.  {H17026} Mutexes created using
5938** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
5939** {H17027} In such cases the,
5940** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
5941** can enter.  {A17028} If the same thread tries to enter any other
5942** kind of mutex more than once, the behavior is undefined.
5943** {H17029} SQLite will never exhibit
5944** such behavior in its own use of mutexes.
5945**
5946** Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
5947** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
5948** will always return SQLITE_BUSY.  {H17030} The SQLite core only ever uses
5949** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable behavior.
5950**
5951** {H17031} The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
5952** previously entered by the same thread.  {A17032} The behavior
5953** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
5954** calling thread or is not currently allocated.  {H17033} SQLite will
5955** never do either. {END}
5956**
5957** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
5958** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
5959** behave as no-ops.
5960**
5961** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
5962*/
5963sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
5964void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
5965void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
5966int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
5967void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
5968
5969/*
5970** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object {H17120} <S20130>
5971** EXPERIMENTAL
5972**
5973** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
5974** used to allocate and use mutexes.
5975**
5976** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
5977** sufficient, however the user has the option of substituting a custom
5978** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
5979** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the user
5980** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
5981** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
5982** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
5983** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
5984** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
5985**
5986** The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
5987** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
5988** {H17001} The xMutexInit routine shall be called by SQLite once for each
5989** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
5990**
5991** The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
5992** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
5993** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
5994** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
5995** those obtained by the xMutexInit method. {H17003} The xMutexEnd()
5996** interface shall be invoked once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
5997**
5998** The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
5999** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
6000** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
6001**
6002** <ul>
6003**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
6004**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
6005**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
6006**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
6007**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
6008**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
6009**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
6010** </ul>
6011**
6012** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
6013** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
6014** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
6015** by this structure are not required to handle this case, the results
6016** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
6017** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
6018** it is passed a NULL pointer).
6019*/
6020typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
6021struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
6022  int (*xMutexInit)(void);
6023  int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
6024  sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
6025  void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6026  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6027  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6028  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6029  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6030  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6031};
6032
6033/*
6034** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines {H17080} <S20130> <S30800>
6035**
6036** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
6037** are intended for use inside assert() statements. {H17081} The SQLite core
6038** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
6039** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  {H17082} The core only
6040** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
6041** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  {A17087} External mutex implementations
6042** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
6043** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
6044**
6045** {H17083} These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
6046** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
6047**
6048** {X17084} The implementation is not required to provided versions of these
6049** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
6050** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
6051** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
6052**
6053** {H17085} If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
6054** the routine should return 1.  {END} This seems counter-intuitive since
6055** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But the
6056** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
6057** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
6058** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
6059** the appropriate thing to do.  {H17086} The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
6060** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
6061*/
6062int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
6063int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
6064
6065/*
6066** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types {H17001} <H17000>
6067**
6068** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
6069** which is one of these integer constants.
6070**
6071** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
6072** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
6073** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
6074*/
6075#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
6076#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
6077#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
6078#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
6079#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* sqlite3_release_memory() */
6080#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_random() */
6081#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
6082#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* lru page list */
6083
6084/*
6085** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files {H11300} <S30800>
6086**
6087** {H11301} The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
6088** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
6089** with a particular database identified by the second argument. {H11302} The
6090** name of the database is the name assigned to the database by the
6091** <a href="lang_attach.html">ATTACH</a> SQL command that opened the
6092** database. {H11303} To control the main database file, use the name "main"
6093** or a NULL pointer. {H11304} The third and fourth parameters to this routine
6094** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
6095** the xFileControl method.  {H11305} The return value of the xFileControl
6096** method becomes the return value of this routine.
6097**
6098** {H11306} If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
6099** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned. {H11307} This error
6100** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
6101** or [sqlite3_errmsg()]. {A11308} The underlying xFileControl method might
6102** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  {A11309} There is no way to distinguish between
6103** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
6104** xFileControl method. {END}
6105**
6106** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
6107*/
6108int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
6109
6110/*
6111** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface {H11400} <S30800>
6112**
6113** The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
6114** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
6115** purposes.  The first parameter is an operation code that determines
6116** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
6117**
6118** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
6119** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
6120** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
6121**
6122** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
6123** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
6124** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
6125** operate consistently from one release to the next.
6126*/
6127int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
6128
6129/*
6130** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes {H11410} <H11400>
6131**
6132** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
6133** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
6134**
6135** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
6136** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
6137** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
6138** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
6139*/
6140#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
6141#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
6142#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
6143#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
6144#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
6145#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
6146
6147/*
6148** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status {H17200} <S60200>
6149** EXPERIMENTAL
6150**
6151** This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
6152** about the preformance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
6153** highwater marks.  The first argument is an integer code for
6154** the specific parameter to measure.  Recognized integer codes
6155** are of the form [SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED | SQLITE_STATUS_...].
6156** The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
6157** The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  If the
6158** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
6159** *pHighwater is written. Some parameters do not record the highest
6160** value.  For those parameters
6161** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.
6162** Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
6163** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.
6164**
6165** This routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero
6166** [error code] on failure.
6167**
6168** This routine is threadsafe but is not atomic.  This routine can
6169** called while other threads are running the same or different SQLite
6170** interfaces.  However the values returned in *pCurrent and
6171** *pHighwater reflect the status of SQLite at different points in time
6172** and it is possible that another thread might change the parameter
6173** in between the times when *pCurrent and *pHighwater are written.
6174**
6175** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
6176*/
6177SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
6178
6179/*
6180** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status {H17201} <S60200>
6181** EXPERIMENTAL
6182**
6183** This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
6184** about a single [database connection].  The first argument is the
6185** database connection object to be interrogated.  The second argument
6186** is the parameter to interrogate.  Currently, the only allowed value
6187** for the second parameter is [SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED].
6188** Additional options will likely appear in future releases of SQLite.
6189**
6190** The current value of the request parameter is written into *pCur
6191** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  If
6192** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
6193** reset back down to the current value.
6194**
6195** See also: [sqlite3_status()].
6196*/
6197SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
6198
6199
6200int sqlite3_wsd_init(int N, int J);
6201void *sqlite3_wsd_find(void *K, int L);
6202
6203/*
6204** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters {H17250} <H17200>
6205** EXPERIMENTAL
6206**
6207** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
6208** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
6209**
6210** <dl>
6211** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
6212** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
6213** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
6214** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
6215** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Scratch memory
6216** controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and auxiliary page-cache
6217** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
6218** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
6219** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>
6220**
6221** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
6222** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6223** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
6224** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
6225** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6226** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>
6227**
6228** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
6229** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
6230** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
6231** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
6232** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>
6233**
6234** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
6235** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
6236** allocation which could not be statisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
6237** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
6238** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
6239** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
6240** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
6241** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>
6242**
6243** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
6244** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6245** handed to [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6246** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6247** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>
6248**
6249** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
6250** <dd>This parameter returns the number of allocations used out of the
6251** [scratch memory allocator] configured using
6252** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH].  The value returned is in allocations, not
6253** in bytes.  Since a single thread may only have one scratch allocation
6254** outstanding at time, this parameter also reports the number of threads
6255** using scratch memory at the same time.</dd>
6256**
6257** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
6258** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of scratch memory
6259** allocation which could not be statisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]
6260** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The values
6261** returned include overflows because the requested allocation was too
6262** larger (that is, because the requested allocation was larger than the
6263** "sz" parameter to [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]) and because no scratch buffer
6264** slots were available.
6265** </dd>
6266**
6267** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
6268** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6269** handed to [scratch memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6270** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6271** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>
6272**
6273** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
6274** <dd>This parameter records the deepest parser stack.  It is only
6275** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>
6276** </dl>
6277**
6278** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
6279*/
6280#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
6281#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
6282#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
6283#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3
6284#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4
6285#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
6286#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
6287#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
6288#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8
6289
6290/*
6291** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections {H17275} <H17200>
6292** EXPERIMENTAL
6293**
6294** Status verbs for [sqlite3_db_status()].
6295**
6296** <dl>
6297** <dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
6298** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
6299** checked out.</dd>
6300** </dl>
6301*/
6302#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED     0
6303
6304/*
6305** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
6306** builds on processors without floating point support.
6307*/
6308#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
6309# undef double
6310#endif
6311
6312#ifdef __cplusplus
6313}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
6314#endif
6315#endif
6316