xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/parse.y (revision 74e4352a)
1 /*
2 ** 2001 September 15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This file contains SQLite's grammar for SQL.  Process this file
13 ** using the lemon parser generator to generate C code that runs
14 ** the parser.  Lemon will also generate a header file containing
15 ** numeric codes for all of the tokens.
16 **
17 ** @(#) $Id: parse.y,v 1.215 2007/02/02 12:44:37 drh Exp $
18 */
19 
20 // All token codes are small integers with #defines that begin with "TK_"
21 %token_prefix TK_
22 
23 // The type of the data attached to each token is Token.  This is also the
24 // default type for non-terminals.
25 //
26 %token_type {Token}
27 %default_type {Token}
28 
29 // The generated parser function takes a 4th argument as follows:
30 %extra_argument {Parse *pParse}
31 
32 // This code runs whenever there is a syntax error
33 //
34 %syntax_error {
35   if( !pParse->parseError ){
36     if( TOKEN.z[0] ){
37       sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "near \"%T\": syntax error", &TOKEN);
38     }else{
39       sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "incomplete SQL statement");
40     }
41     pParse->parseError = 1;
42   }
43 }
44 %stack_overflow {
45   sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "parser stack overflow");
46   pParse->parseError = 1;
47 }
48 
49 // The name of the generated procedure that implements the parser
50 // is as follows:
51 %name sqlite3Parser
52 
53 // The following text is included near the beginning of the C source
54 // code file that implements the parser.
55 //
56 %include {
57 #include "sqliteInt.h"
58 #include "parse.h"
59 
60 /*
61 ** An instance of this structure holds information about the
62 ** LIMIT clause of a SELECT statement.
63 */
64 struct LimitVal {
65   Expr *pLimit;    /* The LIMIT expression.  NULL if there is no limit */
66   Expr *pOffset;   /* The OFFSET expression.  NULL if there is none */
67 };
68 
69 /*
70 ** An instance of this structure is used to store the LIKE,
71 ** GLOB, NOT LIKE, and NOT GLOB operators.
72 */
73 struct LikeOp {
74   Token eOperator;  /* "like" or "glob" or "regexp" */
75   int not;         /* True if the NOT keyword is present */
76 };
77 
78 /*
79 ** An instance of the following structure describes the event of a
80 ** TRIGGER.  "a" is the event type, one of TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT,
81 ** TK_DELETE, or TK_INSTEAD.  If the event is of the form
82 **
83 **      UPDATE ON (a,b,c)
84 **
85 ** Then the "b" IdList records the list "a,b,c".
86 */
87 struct TrigEvent { int a; IdList * b; };
88 
89 /*
90 ** An instance of this structure holds the ATTACH key and the key type.
91 */
92 struct AttachKey { int type;  Token key; };
93 
94 } // end %include
95 
96 // Input is a single SQL command
97 input ::= cmdlist.
98 cmdlist ::= cmdlist ecmd.
99 cmdlist ::= ecmd.
100 cmdx ::= cmd.           { sqlite3FinishCoding(pParse); }
101 ecmd ::= SEMI.
102 ecmd ::= explain cmdx SEMI.
103 explain ::= .           { sqlite3BeginParse(pParse, 0); }
104 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
105 explain ::= EXPLAIN.              { sqlite3BeginParse(pParse, 1); }
106 explain ::= EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.   { sqlite3BeginParse(pParse, 2); }
107 %endif  SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
108 
109 ///////////////////// Begin and end transactions. ////////////////////////////
110 //
111 
112 cmd ::= BEGIN transtype(Y) trans_opt.  {sqlite3BeginTransaction(pParse, Y);}
113 trans_opt ::= .
114 trans_opt ::= TRANSACTION.
115 trans_opt ::= TRANSACTION nm.
116 %type transtype {int}
117 transtype(A) ::= .             {A = TK_DEFERRED;}
118 transtype(A) ::= DEFERRED(X).  {A = @X;}
119 transtype(A) ::= IMMEDIATE(X). {A = @X;}
120 transtype(A) ::= EXCLUSIVE(X). {A = @X;}
121 cmd ::= COMMIT trans_opt.      {sqlite3CommitTransaction(pParse);}
122 cmd ::= END trans_opt.         {sqlite3CommitTransaction(pParse);}
123 cmd ::= ROLLBACK trans_opt.    {sqlite3RollbackTransaction(pParse);}
124 
125 ///////////////////// The CREATE TABLE statement ////////////////////////////
126 //
127 cmd ::= create_table create_table_args.
128 create_table ::= CREATE temp(T) TABLE ifnotexists(E) nm(Y) dbnm(Z). {
129    sqlite3StartTable(pParse,&Y,&Z,T,0,0,E);
130 }
131 %type ifnotexists {int}
132 ifnotexists(A) ::= .              {A = 0;}
133 ifnotexists(A) ::= IF NOT EXISTS. {A = 1;}
134 %type temp {int}
135 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB
136 temp(A) ::= TEMP.  {A = 1;}
137 %endif  SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB
138 temp(A) ::= .      {A = 0;}
139 create_table_args ::= LP columnlist conslist_opt(X) RP(Y). {
140   sqlite3EndTable(pParse,&X,&Y,0);
141 }
142 create_table_args ::= AS select(S). {
143   sqlite3EndTable(pParse,0,0,S);
144   sqlite3SelectDelete(S);
145 }
146 columnlist ::= columnlist COMMA column.
147 columnlist ::= column.
148 
149 // A "column" is a complete description of a single column in a
150 // CREATE TABLE statement.  This includes the column name, its
151 // datatype, and other keywords such as PRIMARY KEY, UNIQUE, REFERENCES,
152 // NOT NULL and so forth.
153 //
154 column(A) ::= columnid(X) type carglist. {
155   A.z = X.z;
156   A.n = (pParse->sLastToken.z-X.z) + pParse->sLastToken.n;
157 }
158 columnid(A) ::= nm(X). {
159   sqlite3AddColumn(pParse,&X);
160   A = X;
161 }
162 
163 
164 // An IDENTIFIER can be a generic identifier, or one of several
165 // keywords.  Any non-standard keyword can also be an identifier.
166 //
167 %type id {Token}
168 id(A) ::= ID(X).         {A = X;}
169 
170 // The following directive causes tokens ABORT, AFTER, ASC, etc. to
171 // fallback to ID if they will not parse as their original value.
172 // This obviates the need for the "id" nonterminal.
173 //
174 %fallback ID
175   ABORT AFTER ANALYZE ASC ATTACH BEFORE BEGIN CASCADE CAST CONFLICT
176   DATABASE DEFERRED DESC DETACH EACH END EXCLUSIVE EXPLAIN FAIL FOR
177   IGNORE IMMEDIATE INITIALLY INSTEAD LIKE_KW MATCH PLAN QUERY KEY
178   OF OFFSET PRAGMA RAISE REPLACE RESTRICT ROW STATEMENT
179   TEMP TRIGGER VACUUM VIEW VIRTUAL
180 %ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
181   EXCEPT INTERSECT UNION
182 %endif SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
183   REINDEX RENAME CTIME_KW IF
184   .
185 %wildcard ANY.
186 
187 // Define operator precedence early so that this is the first occurance
188 // of the operator tokens in the grammer.  Keeping the operators together
189 // causes them to be assigned integer values that are close together,
190 // which keeps parser tables smaller.
191 //
192 // The token values assigned to these symbols is determined by the order
193 // in which lemon first sees them.  It must be the case that ISNULL/NOTNULL,
194 // NE/EQ, GT/LE, and GE/LT are separated by only a single value.  See
195 // the sqlite3ExprIfFalse() routine for additional information on this
196 // constraint.
197 //
198 %left OR.
199 %left AND.
200 %right NOT.
201 %left IS MATCH LIKE_KW BETWEEN IN ISNULL NOTNULL NE EQ.
202 %left GT LE LT GE.
203 %right ESCAPE.
204 %left BITAND BITOR LSHIFT RSHIFT.
205 %left PLUS MINUS.
206 %left STAR SLASH REM.
207 %left CONCAT.
208 %left COLLATE.
209 %right UMINUS UPLUS BITNOT.
210 
211 // And "ids" is an identifer-or-string.
212 //
213 %type ids {Token}
214 ids(A) ::= ID|STRING(X).   {A = X;}
215 
216 // The name of a column or table can be any of the following:
217 //
218 %type nm {Token}
219 nm(A) ::= ID(X).         {A = X;}
220 nm(A) ::= STRING(X).     {A = X;}
221 nm(A) ::= JOIN_KW(X).    {A = X;}
222 
223 // A typetoken is really one or more tokens that form a type name such
224 // as can be found after the column name in a CREATE TABLE statement.
225 // Multiple tokens are concatenated to form the value of the typetoken.
226 //
227 %type typetoken {Token}
228 type ::= .
229 type ::= typetoken(X).                   {sqlite3AddColumnType(pParse,&X);}
230 typetoken(A) ::= typename(X).   {A = X;}
231 typetoken(A) ::= typename(X) LP signed RP(Y). {
232   A.z = X.z;
233   A.n = &Y.z[Y.n] - X.z;
234 }
235 typetoken(A) ::= typename(X) LP signed COMMA signed RP(Y). {
236   A.z = X.z;
237   A.n = &Y.z[Y.n] - X.z;
238 }
239 %type typename {Token}
240 typename(A) ::= ids(X).             {A = X;}
241 typename(A) ::= typename(X) ids(Y). {A.z=X.z; A.n=Y.n+(Y.z-X.z);}
242 %type signed {int}
243 signed(A) ::= plus_num(X).    { A = atoi((char*)X.z); }
244 signed(A) ::= minus_num(X).   { A = -atoi((char*)X.z); }
245 
246 // "carglist" is a list of additional constraints that come after the
247 // column name and column type in a CREATE TABLE statement.
248 //
249 carglist ::= carglist carg.
250 carglist ::= .
251 carg ::= CONSTRAINT nm ccons.
252 carg ::= ccons.
253 ccons ::= DEFAULT term(X).            {sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,X);}
254 ccons ::= DEFAULT LP expr(X) RP.      {sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,X);}
255 ccons ::= DEFAULT PLUS term(X).       {sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,X);}
256 ccons ::= DEFAULT MINUS term(X).      {
257   Expr *p = sqlite3Expr(TK_UMINUS, X, 0, 0);
258   sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,p);
259 }
260 ccons ::= DEFAULT id(X).              {
261   Expr *p = sqlite3Expr(TK_STRING, 0, 0, &X);
262   sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,p);
263 }
264 
265 // In addition to the type name, we also care about the primary key and
266 // UNIQUE constraints.
267 //
268 ccons ::= NULL onconf.
269 ccons ::= NOT NULL onconf(R).               {sqlite3AddNotNull(pParse, R);}
270 ccons ::= PRIMARY KEY sortorder(Z) onconf(R) autoinc(I).
271                                      {sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,0,R,I,Z);}
272 ccons ::= UNIQUE onconf(R).    {sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,0,R,0,0,0,0);}
273 ccons ::= CHECK LP expr(X) RP.       {sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(pParse,X);}
274 ccons ::= REFERENCES nm(T) idxlist_opt(TA) refargs(R).
275                                 {sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse,0,&T,TA,R);}
276 ccons ::= defer_subclause(D).   {sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse,D);}
277 ccons ::= COLLATE id(C).  {sqlite3AddCollateType(pParse, (char*)C.z, C.n);}
278 
279 // The optional AUTOINCREMENT keyword
280 %type autoinc {int}
281 autoinc(X) ::= .          {X = 0;}
282 autoinc(X) ::= AUTOINCR.  {X = 1;}
283 
284 // The next group of rules parses the arguments to a REFERENCES clause
285 // that determine if the referential integrity checking is deferred or
286 // or immediate and which determine what action to take if a ref-integ
287 // check fails.
288 //
289 %type refargs {int}
290 refargs(A) ::= .                     { A = OE_Restrict * 0x010101; }
291 refargs(A) ::= refargs(X) refarg(Y). { A = (X & Y.mask) | Y.value; }
292 %type refarg {struct {int value; int mask;}}
293 refarg(A) ::= MATCH nm.              { A.value = 0;     A.mask = 0x000000; }
294 refarg(A) ::= ON DELETE refact(X).   { A.value = X;     A.mask = 0x0000ff; }
295 refarg(A) ::= ON UPDATE refact(X).   { A.value = X<<8;  A.mask = 0x00ff00; }
296 refarg(A) ::= ON INSERT refact(X).   { A.value = X<<16; A.mask = 0xff0000; }
297 %type refact {int}
298 refact(A) ::= SET NULL.              { A = OE_SetNull; }
299 refact(A) ::= SET DEFAULT.           { A = OE_SetDflt; }
300 refact(A) ::= CASCADE.               { A = OE_Cascade; }
301 refact(A) ::= RESTRICT.              { A = OE_Restrict; }
302 %type defer_subclause {int}
303 defer_subclause(A) ::= NOT DEFERRABLE init_deferred_pred_opt(X).  {A = X;}
304 defer_subclause(A) ::= DEFERRABLE init_deferred_pred_opt(X).      {A = X;}
305 %type init_deferred_pred_opt {int}
306 init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= .                       {A = 0;}
307 init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= INITIALLY DEFERRED.     {A = 1;}
308 init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= INITIALLY IMMEDIATE.    {A = 0;}
309 
310 // For the time being, the only constraint we care about is the primary
311 // key and UNIQUE.  Both create indices.
312 //
313 conslist_opt(A) ::= .                   {A.n = 0; A.z = 0;}
314 conslist_opt(A) ::= COMMA(X) conslist.  {A = X;}
315 conslist ::= conslist COMMA tcons.
316 conslist ::= conslist tcons.
317 conslist ::= tcons.
318 tcons ::= CONSTRAINT nm.
319 tcons ::= PRIMARY KEY LP idxlist(X) autoinc(I) RP onconf(R).
320                                          {sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,X,R,I,0);}
321 tcons ::= UNIQUE LP idxlist(X) RP onconf(R).
322                                  {sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,X,R,0,0,0,0);}
323 tcons ::= CHECK LP expr(E) RP onconf. {sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(pParse,E);}
324 tcons ::= FOREIGN KEY LP idxlist(FA) RP
325           REFERENCES nm(T) idxlist_opt(TA) refargs(R) defer_subclause_opt(D). {
326     sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse, FA, &T, TA, R);
327     sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse, D);
328 }
329 %type defer_subclause_opt {int}
330 defer_subclause_opt(A) ::= .                    {A = 0;}
331 defer_subclause_opt(A) ::= defer_subclause(X).  {A = X;}
332 
333 // The following is a non-standard extension that allows us to declare the
334 // default behavior when there is a constraint conflict.
335 //
336 %type onconf {int}
337 %type orconf {int}
338 %type resolvetype {int}
339 onconf(A) ::= .                              {A = OE_Default;}
340 onconf(A) ::= ON CONFLICT resolvetype(X).    {A = X;}
341 orconf(A) ::= .                              {A = OE_Default;}
342 orconf(A) ::= OR resolvetype(X).             {A = X;}
343 resolvetype(A) ::= raisetype(X).             {A = X;}
344 resolvetype(A) ::= IGNORE.                   {A = OE_Ignore;}
345 resolvetype(A) ::= REPLACE.                  {A = OE_Replace;}
346 
347 ////////////////////////// The DROP TABLE /////////////////////////////////////
348 //
349 cmd ::= DROP TABLE ifexists(E) fullname(X). {
350   sqlite3DropTable(pParse, X, 0, E);
351 }
352 %type ifexists {int}
353 ifexists(A) ::= IF EXISTS.   {A = 1;}
354 ifexists(A) ::= .            {A = 0;}
355 
356 ///////////////////// The CREATE VIEW statement /////////////////////////////
357 //
358 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
359 cmd ::= CREATE(X) temp(T) VIEW ifnotexists(E) nm(Y) dbnm(Z) AS select(S). {
360   sqlite3CreateView(pParse, &X, &Y, &Z, S, T, E);
361 }
362 cmd ::= DROP VIEW ifexists(E) fullname(X). {
363   sqlite3DropTable(pParse, X, 1, E);
364 }
365 %endif  SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
366 
367 //////////////////////// The SELECT statement /////////////////////////////////
368 //
369 cmd ::= select(X).  {
370   sqlite3Select(pParse, X, SRT_Callback, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
371   sqlite3SelectDelete(X);
372 }
373 
374 %type select {Select*}
375 %destructor select {sqlite3SelectDelete($$);}
376 %type oneselect {Select*}
377 %destructor oneselect {sqlite3SelectDelete($$);}
378 
379 select(A) ::= oneselect(X).                      {A = X;}
380 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
381 select(A) ::= select(X) multiselect_op(Y) oneselect(Z).  {
382   if( Z ){
383     Z->op = Y;
384     Z->pPrior = X;
385   }
386   A = Z;
387 }
388 %type multiselect_op {int}
389 multiselect_op(A) ::= UNION(OP).             {A = @OP;}
390 multiselect_op(A) ::= UNION ALL.             {A = TK_ALL;}
391 multiselect_op(A) ::= EXCEPT|INTERSECT(OP).  {A = @OP;}
392 %endif SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
393 oneselect(A) ::= SELECT distinct(D) selcollist(W) from(X) where_opt(Y)
394                  groupby_opt(P) having_opt(Q) orderby_opt(Z) limit_opt(L). {
395   A = sqlite3SelectNew(W,X,Y,P,Q,Z,D,L.pLimit,L.pOffset);
396 }
397 
398 // The "distinct" nonterminal is true (1) if the DISTINCT keyword is
399 // present and false (0) if it is not.
400 //
401 %type distinct {int}
402 distinct(A) ::= DISTINCT.   {A = 1;}
403 distinct(A) ::= ALL.        {A = 0;}
404 distinct(A) ::= .           {A = 0;}
405 
406 // selcollist is a list of expressions that are to become the return
407 // values of the SELECT statement.  The "*" in statements like
408 // "SELECT * FROM ..." is encoded as a special expression with an
409 // opcode of TK_ALL.
410 //
411 %type selcollist {ExprList*}
412 %destructor selcollist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
413 %type sclp {ExprList*}
414 %destructor sclp {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
415 sclp(A) ::= selcollist(X) COMMA.             {A = X;}
416 sclp(A) ::= .                                {A = 0;}
417 selcollist(A) ::= sclp(P) expr(X) as(Y).     {
418    A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(P,X,Y.n?&Y:0);
419 }
420 selcollist(A) ::= sclp(P) STAR. {
421   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(P, sqlite3Expr(TK_ALL, 0, 0, 0), 0);
422 }
423 selcollist(A) ::= sclp(P) nm(X) DOT STAR. {
424   Expr *pRight = sqlite3Expr(TK_ALL, 0, 0, 0);
425   Expr *pLeft = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);
426   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(P, sqlite3Expr(TK_DOT, pLeft, pRight, 0), 0);
427 }
428 
429 // An option "AS <id>" phrase that can follow one of the expressions that
430 // define the result set, or one of the tables in the FROM clause.
431 //
432 %type as {Token}
433 as(X) ::= AS nm(Y).    {X = Y;}
434 as(X) ::= ids(Y).      {X = Y;}
435 as(X) ::= .            {X.n = 0;}
436 
437 
438 %type seltablist {SrcList*}
439 %destructor seltablist {sqlite3SrcListDelete($$);}
440 %type stl_prefix {SrcList*}
441 %destructor stl_prefix {sqlite3SrcListDelete($$);}
442 %type from {SrcList*}
443 %destructor from {sqlite3SrcListDelete($$);}
444 
445 // A complete FROM clause.
446 //
447 from(A) ::= .                                 {A = sqliteMalloc(sizeof(*A));}
448 from(A) ::= FROM seltablist(X).               {
449   A = X;
450   sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(A);
451 }
452 
453 // "seltablist" is a "Select Table List" - the content of the FROM clause
454 // in a SELECT statement.  "stl_prefix" is a prefix of this list.
455 //
456 stl_prefix(A) ::= seltablist(X) joinop(Y).    {
457    A = X;
458    if( A && A->nSrc>0 ) A->a[A->nSrc-1].jointype = Y;
459 }
460 stl_prefix(A) ::= .                           {A = 0;}
461 seltablist(A) ::= stl_prefix(X) nm(Y) dbnm(D) as(Z) on_opt(N) using_opt(U). {
462   A = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(X,&Y,&D,&Z,0,N,U);
463 }
464 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
465   seltablist(A) ::= stl_prefix(X) LP seltablist_paren(S) RP
466                     as(Z) on_opt(N) using_opt(U). {
467     A = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(X,0,0,&Z,S,N,U);
468   }
469 
470   // A seltablist_paren nonterminal represents anything in a FROM that
471   // is contained inside parentheses.  This can be either a subquery or
472   // a grouping of table and subqueries.
473   //
474   %type seltablist_paren {Select*}
475   %destructor seltablist_paren {sqlite3SelectDelete($$);}
476   seltablist_paren(A) ::= select(S).      {A = S;}
477   seltablist_paren(A) ::= seltablist(F).  {
478      sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(F);
479      A = sqlite3SelectNew(0,F,0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
480   }
481 %endif  SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
482 
483 %type dbnm {Token}
484 dbnm(A) ::= .          {A.z=0; A.n=0;}
485 dbnm(A) ::= DOT nm(X). {A = X;}
486 
487 %type fullname {SrcList*}
488 %destructor fullname {sqlite3SrcListDelete($$);}
489 fullname(A) ::= nm(X) dbnm(Y).  {A = sqlite3SrcListAppend(0,&X,&Y);}
490 
491 %type joinop {int}
492 %type joinop2 {int}
493 joinop(X) ::= COMMA|JOIN.              { X = JT_INNER; }
494 joinop(X) ::= JOIN_KW(A) JOIN.         { X = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&A,0,0); }
495 joinop(X) ::= JOIN_KW(A) nm(B) JOIN.   { X = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&A,&B,0); }
496 joinop(X) ::= JOIN_KW(A) nm(B) nm(C) JOIN.
497                                        { X = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&A,&B,&C); }
498 
499 %type on_opt {Expr*}
500 %destructor on_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
501 on_opt(N) ::= ON expr(E).   {N = E;}
502 on_opt(N) ::= .             {N = 0;}
503 
504 %type using_opt {IdList*}
505 %destructor using_opt {sqlite3IdListDelete($$);}
506 using_opt(U) ::= USING LP inscollist(L) RP.  {U = L;}
507 using_opt(U) ::= .                        {U = 0;}
508 
509 
510 %type orderby_opt {ExprList*}
511 %destructor orderby_opt {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
512 %type sortlist {ExprList*}
513 %destructor sortlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
514 %type sortitem {Expr*}
515 %destructor sortitem {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
516 
517 orderby_opt(A) ::= .                          {A = 0;}
518 orderby_opt(A) ::= ORDER BY sortlist(X).      {A = X;}
519 sortlist(A) ::= sortlist(X) COMMA sortitem(Y) sortorder(Z). {
520   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(X,Y,0);
521   if( A ) A->a[A->nExpr-1].sortOrder = Z;
522 }
523 sortlist(A) ::= sortitem(Y) sortorder(Z). {
524   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0,Y,0);
525   if( A && A->a ) A->a[0].sortOrder = Z;
526 }
527 sortitem(A) ::= expr(X).   {A = X;}
528 
529 %type sortorder {int}
530 
531 sortorder(A) ::= ASC.           {A = SQLITE_SO_ASC;}
532 sortorder(A) ::= DESC.          {A = SQLITE_SO_DESC;}
533 sortorder(A) ::= .              {A = SQLITE_SO_ASC;}
534 
535 %type groupby_opt {ExprList*}
536 %destructor groupby_opt {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
537 groupby_opt(A) ::= .                      {A = 0;}
538 groupby_opt(A) ::= GROUP BY exprlist(X).  {A = X;}
539 
540 %type having_opt {Expr*}
541 %destructor having_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
542 having_opt(A) ::= .                {A = 0;}
543 having_opt(A) ::= HAVING expr(X).  {A = X;}
544 
545 %type limit_opt {struct LimitVal}
546 %destructor limit_opt {
547   sqlite3ExprDelete($$.pLimit);
548   sqlite3ExprDelete($$.pOffset);
549 }
550 limit_opt(A) ::= .                     {A.pLimit = 0; A.pOffset = 0;}
551 limit_opt(A) ::= LIMIT expr(X).        {A.pLimit = X; A.pOffset = 0;}
552 limit_opt(A) ::= LIMIT expr(X) OFFSET expr(Y).
553                                        {A.pLimit = X; A.pOffset = Y;}
554 limit_opt(A) ::= LIMIT expr(X) COMMA expr(Y).
555                                        {A.pOffset = X; A.pLimit = Y;}
556 
557 /////////////////////////// The DELETE statement /////////////////////////////
558 //
559 cmd ::= DELETE FROM fullname(X) where_opt(Y). {sqlite3DeleteFrom(pParse,X,Y);}
560 
561 %type where_opt {Expr*}
562 %destructor where_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
563 
564 where_opt(A) ::= .                    {A = 0;}
565 where_opt(A) ::= WHERE expr(X).       {A = X;}
566 
567 ////////////////////////// The UPDATE command ////////////////////////////////
568 //
569 cmd ::= UPDATE orconf(R) fullname(X) SET setlist(Y) where_opt(Z).
570     {sqlite3Update(pParse,X,Y,Z,R);}
571 
572 %type setlist {ExprList*}
573 %destructor setlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
574 
575 setlist(A) ::= setlist(Z) COMMA nm(X) EQ expr(Y).
576     {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(Z,Y,&X);}
577 setlist(A) ::= nm(X) EQ expr(Y).   {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0,Y,&X);}
578 
579 ////////////////////////// The INSERT command /////////////////////////////////
580 //
581 cmd ::= insert_cmd(R) INTO fullname(X) inscollist_opt(F)
582         VALUES LP itemlist(Y) RP.
583             {sqlite3Insert(pParse, X, Y, 0, F, R);}
584 cmd ::= insert_cmd(R) INTO fullname(X) inscollist_opt(F) select(S).
585             {sqlite3Insert(pParse, X, 0, S, F, R);}
586 cmd ::= insert_cmd(R) INTO fullname(X) inscollist_opt(F) DEFAULT VALUES.
587             {sqlite3Insert(pParse, X, 0, 0, F, R);}
588 
589 %type insert_cmd {int}
590 insert_cmd(A) ::= INSERT orconf(R).   {A = R;}
591 insert_cmd(A) ::= REPLACE.            {A = OE_Replace;}
592 
593 
594 %type itemlist {ExprList*}
595 %destructor itemlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
596 
597 itemlist(A) ::= itemlist(X) COMMA expr(Y).  {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(X,Y,0);}
598 itemlist(A) ::= expr(X).                    {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0,X,0);}
599 
600 %type inscollist_opt {IdList*}
601 %destructor inscollist_opt {sqlite3IdListDelete($$);}
602 %type inscollist {IdList*}
603 %destructor inscollist {sqlite3IdListDelete($$);}
604 
605 inscollist_opt(A) ::= .                       {A = 0;}
606 inscollist_opt(A) ::= LP inscollist(X) RP.    {A = X;}
607 inscollist(A) ::= inscollist(X) COMMA nm(Y).  {A = sqlite3IdListAppend(X,&Y);}
608 inscollist(A) ::= nm(Y).                      {A = sqlite3IdListAppend(0,&Y);}
609 
610 /////////////////////////// Expression Processing /////////////////////////////
611 //
612 
613 %type expr {Expr*}
614 %destructor expr {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
615 %type term {Expr*}
616 %destructor term {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
617 
618 expr(A) ::= term(X).             {A = X;}
619 expr(A) ::= LP(B) expr(X) RP(E). {A = X; sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&E); }
620 term(A) ::= NULL(X).             {A = sqlite3Expr(@X, 0, 0, &X);}
621 expr(A) ::= ID(X).               {A = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);}
622 expr(A) ::= JOIN_KW(X).          {A = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);}
623 expr(A) ::= nm(X) DOT nm(Y). {
624   Expr *temp1 = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);
625   Expr *temp2 = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &Y);
626   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_DOT, temp1, temp2, 0);
627 }
628 expr(A) ::= nm(X) DOT nm(Y) DOT nm(Z). {
629   Expr *temp1 = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);
630   Expr *temp2 = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &Y);
631   Expr *temp3 = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &Z);
632   Expr *temp4 = sqlite3Expr(TK_DOT, temp2, temp3, 0);
633   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_DOT, temp1, temp4, 0);
634 }
635 term(A) ::= INTEGER|FLOAT|BLOB(X).      {A = sqlite3Expr(@X, 0, 0, &X);}
636 term(A) ::= STRING(X).       {A = sqlite3Expr(@X, 0, 0, &X);}
637 expr(A) ::= REGISTER(X).     {A = sqlite3RegisterExpr(pParse, &X);}
638 expr(A) ::= VARIABLE(X).     {
639   Token *pToken = &X;
640   Expr *pExpr = A = sqlite3Expr(TK_VARIABLE, 0, 0, pToken);
641   sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(pParse, pExpr);
642 }
643 expr(A) ::= expr(E) COLLATE id(C). {
644   A = sqlite3ExprSetColl(pParse, E, &C);
645 }
646 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CAST
647 expr(A) ::= CAST(X) LP expr(E) AS typetoken(T) RP(Y). {
648   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_CAST, E, 0, &T);
649   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X,&Y);
650 }
651 %endif  SQLITE_OMIT_CAST
652 expr(A) ::= ID(X) LP distinct(D) exprlist(Y) RP(E). {
653   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(Y, &X);
654   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X,&E);
655   if( D && A ){
656     A->flags |= EP_Distinct;
657   }
658 }
659 expr(A) ::= ID(X) LP STAR RP(E). {
660   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(0, &X);
661   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X,&E);
662 }
663 term(A) ::= CTIME_KW(OP). {
664   /* The CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_DATE, and CURRENT_TIMESTAMP values are
665   ** treated as functions that return constants */
666   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(0,&OP);
667   if( A ){
668     A->op = TK_CONST_FUNC;
669     A->span = OP;
670   }
671 }
672 expr(A) ::= expr(X) AND(OP) expr(Y).            {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
673 expr(A) ::= expr(X) OR(OP) expr(Y).             {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
674 expr(A) ::= expr(X) LT|GT|GE|LE(OP) expr(Y).    {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
675 expr(A) ::= expr(X) EQ|NE(OP) expr(Y).          {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
676 expr(A) ::= expr(X) BITAND|BITOR|LSHIFT|RSHIFT(OP) expr(Y).
677                                                 {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
678 expr(A) ::= expr(X) PLUS|MINUS(OP) expr(Y).     {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
679 expr(A) ::= expr(X) STAR|SLASH|REM(OP) expr(Y). {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
680 expr(A) ::= expr(X) CONCAT(OP) expr(Y).         {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
681 %type likeop {struct LikeOp}
682 likeop(A) ::= LIKE_KW(X).     {A.eOperator = X; A.not = 0;}
683 likeop(A) ::= NOT LIKE_KW(X). {A.eOperator = X; A.not = 1;}
684 likeop(A) ::= MATCH(X).       {A.eOperator = X; A.not = 0;}
685 likeop(A) ::= NOT MATCH(X).   {A.eOperator = X; A.not = 1;}
686 %type escape {Expr*}
687 %destructor escape {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
688 escape(X) ::= ESCAPE expr(A). [ESCAPE] {X = A;}
689 escape(X) ::= .               [ESCAPE] {X = 0;}
690 expr(A) ::= expr(X) likeop(OP) expr(Y) escape(E).  [LIKE_KW]  {
691   ExprList *pList;
692   pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0, Y, 0);
693   pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pList, X, 0);
694   if( E ){
695     pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pList, E, 0);
696   }
697   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(pList, &OP.eOperator);
698   if( OP.not ) A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOT, A, 0, 0);
699   sqlite3ExprSpan(A, &X->span, &Y->span);
700   if( A ) A->flags |= EP_InfixFunc;
701 }
702 
703 expr(A) ::= expr(X) ISNULL|NOTNULL(E). {
704   A = sqlite3Expr(@E, X, 0, 0);
705   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
706 }
707 expr(A) ::= expr(X) IS NULL(E). {
708   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_ISNULL, X, 0, 0);
709   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
710 }
711 expr(A) ::= expr(X) NOT NULL(E). {
712   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOTNULL, X, 0, 0);
713   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
714 }
715 expr(A) ::= expr(X) IS NOT NULL(E). {
716   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOTNULL, X, 0, 0);
717   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
718 }
719 expr(A) ::= NOT|BITNOT(B) expr(X). {
720   A = sqlite3Expr(@B, X, 0, 0);
721   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&X->span);
722 }
723 expr(A) ::= MINUS(B) expr(X). [UMINUS] {
724   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_UMINUS, X, 0, 0);
725   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&X->span);
726 }
727 expr(A) ::= PLUS(B) expr(X). [UPLUS] {
728   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_UPLUS, X, 0, 0);
729   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&X->span);
730 }
731 %type between_op {int}
732 between_op(A) ::= BETWEEN.     {A = 0;}
733 between_op(A) ::= NOT BETWEEN. {A = 1;}
734 expr(A) ::= expr(W) between_op(N) expr(X) AND expr(Y). [BETWEEN] {
735   ExprList *pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0, X, 0);
736   pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pList, Y, 0);
737   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_BETWEEN, W, 0, 0);
738   if( A ){
739     A->pList = pList;
740   }else{
741     sqlite3ExprListDelete(pList);
742   }
743   if( N ) A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOT, A, 0, 0);
744   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&W->span,&Y->span);
745 }
746 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
747   %type in_op {int}
748   in_op(A) ::= IN.      {A = 0;}
749   in_op(A) ::= NOT IN.  {A = 1;}
750   expr(A) ::= expr(X) in_op(N) LP exprlist(Y) RP(E). [IN] {
751     A = sqlite3Expr(TK_IN, X, 0, 0);
752     if( A ){
753       A->pList = Y;
754     }else{
755       sqlite3ExprListDelete(Y);
756     }
757     if( N ) A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOT, A, 0, 0);
758     sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
759   }
760   expr(A) ::= LP(B) select(X) RP(E). {
761     A = sqlite3Expr(TK_SELECT, 0, 0, 0);
762     if( A ){
763       A->pSelect = X;
764     }else{
765       sqlite3SelectDelete(X);
766     }
767     sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&E);
768   }
769   expr(A) ::= expr(X) in_op(N) LP select(Y) RP(E).  [IN] {
770     A = sqlite3Expr(TK_IN, X, 0, 0);
771     if( A ){
772       A->pSelect = Y;
773     }else{
774       sqlite3SelectDelete(Y);
775     }
776     if( N ) A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOT, A, 0, 0);
777     sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
778   }
779   expr(A) ::= expr(X) in_op(N) nm(Y) dbnm(Z). [IN] {
780     SrcList *pSrc = sqlite3SrcListAppend(0,&Y,&Z);
781     A = sqlite3Expr(TK_IN, X, 0, 0);
782     if( A ){
783       A->pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(0,pSrc,0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
784     }else{
785       sqlite3SrcListDelete(pSrc);
786     }
787     if( N ) A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOT, A, 0, 0);
788     sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,Z.z?&Z:&Y);
789   }
790   expr(A) ::= EXISTS(B) LP select(Y) RP(E). {
791     Expr *p = A = sqlite3Expr(TK_EXISTS, 0, 0, 0);
792     if( p ){
793       p->pSelect = Y;
794       sqlite3ExprSpan(p,&B,&E);
795     }else{
796       sqlite3SelectDelete(Y);
797     }
798   }
799 %endif SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
800 
801 /* CASE expressions */
802 expr(A) ::= CASE(C) case_operand(X) case_exprlist(Y) case_else(Z) END(E). {
803   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_CASE, X, Z, 0);
804   if( A ){
805     A->pList = Y;
806   }else{
807     sqlite3ExprListDelete(Y);
808   }
809   sqlite3ExprSpan(A, &C, &E);
810 }
811 %type case_exprlist {ExprList*}
812 %destructor case_exprlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
813 case_exprlist(A) ::= case_exprlist(X) WHEN expr(Y) THEN expr(Z). {
814   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(X, Y, 0);
815   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(A, Z, 0);
816 }
817 case_exprlist(A) ::= WHEN expr(Y) THEN expr(Z). {
818   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0, Y, 0);
819   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(A, Z, 0);
820 }
821 %type case_else {Expr*}
822 %destructor case_else {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
823 case_else(A) ::=  ELSE expr(X).         {A = X;}
824 case_else(A) ::=  .                     {A = 0;}
825 %type case_operand {Expr*}
826 %destructor case_operand {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
827 case_operand(A) ::= expr(X).            {A = X;}
828 case_operand(A) ::= .                   {A = 0;}
829 
830 %type exprlist {ExprList*}
831 %destructor exprlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
832 %type expritem {Expr*}
833 %destructor expritem {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
834 
835 exprlist(A) ::= exprlist(X) COMMA expritem(Y).
836                                         {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(X,Y,0);}
837 exprlist(A) ::= expritem(X).            {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0,X,0);}
838 expritem(A) ::= expr(X).                {A = X;}
839 expritem(A) ::= .                       {A = 0;}
840 
841 ///////////////////////////// The CREATE INDEX command ///////////////////////
842 //
843 cmd ::= CREATE(S) uniqueflag(U) INDEX ifnotexists(NE) nm(X) dbnm(D)
844         ON nm(Y) LP idxlist(Z) RP(E). {
845   sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse, &X, &D, sqlite3SrcListAppend(0,&Y,0), Z, U,
846                       &S, &E, SQLITE_SO_ASC, NE);
847 }
848 
849 %type uniqueflag {int}
850 uniqueflag(A) ::= UNIQUE.  {A = OE_Abort;}
851 uniqueflag(A) ::= .        {A = OE_None;}
852 
853 %type idxlist {ExprList*}
854 %destructor idxlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
855 %type idxlist_opt {ExprList*}
856 %destructor idxlist_opt {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
857 %type idxitem {Token}
858 
859 idxlist_opt(A) ::= .                         {A = 0;}
860 idxlist_opt(A) ::= LP idxlist(X) RP.         {A = X;}
861 idxlist(A) ::= idxlist(X) COMMA idxitem(Y) collate(C) sortorder(Z).  {
862   Expr *p = 0;
863   if( C.n>0 ){
864     p = sqlite3Expr(TK_COLUMN, 0, 0, 0);
865     if( p ) p->pColl = sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, (char*)C.z, C.n);
866   }
867   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(X, p, &Y);
868   if( A ) A->a[A->nExpr-1].sortOrder = Z;
869 }
870 idxlist(A) ::= idxitem(Y) collate(C) sortorder(Z). {
871   Expr *p = 0;
872   if( C.n>0 ){
873     p = sqlite3Expr(TK_COLUMN, 0, 0, 0);
874     if( p ) p->pColl = sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, (char*)C.z, C.n);
875   }
876   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0, p, &Y);
877   if( A ) A->a[A->nExpr-1].sortOrder = Z;
878 }
879 idxitem(A) ::= nm(X).              {A = X;}
880 
881 %type collate {Token}
882 collate(C) ::= .                {C.z = 0; C.n = 0;}
883 collate(C) ::= COLLATE id(X).   {C = X;}
884 
885 
886 ///////////////////////////// The DROP INDEX command /////////////////////////
887 //
888 cmd ::= DROP INDEX ifexists(E) fullname(X).   {sqlite3DropIndex(pParse, X, E);}
889 
890 ///////////////////////////// The VACUUM command /////////////////////////////
891 //
892 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM
893 cmd ::= VACUUM.                {sqlite3Vacuum(pParse);}
894 cmd ::= VACUUM nm.             {sqlite3Vacuum(pParse);}
895 %endif  SQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM
896 
897 ///////////////////////////// The PRAGMA command /////////////////////////////
898 //
899 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PRAGMA
900 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z) EQ nmnum(Y).  {sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,&Y,0);}
901 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z) EQ ON(Y).  {sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,&Y,0);}
902 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z) EQ minus_num(Y). {
903   sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,&Y,1);
904 }
905 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z) LP nmnum(Y) RP. {sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,&Y,0);}
906 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z).             {sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,0,0);}
907 nmnum(A) ::= plus_num(X).             {A = X;}
908 nmnum(A) ::= nm(X).                   {A = X;}
909 %endif SQLITE_OMIT_PRAGMA
910 plus_num(A) ::= plus_opt number(X).   {A = X;}
911 minus_num(A) ::= MINUS number(X).     {A = X;}
912 number(A) ::= INTEGER|FLOAT(X).       {A = X;}
913 plus_opt ::= PLUS.
914 plus_opt ::= .
915 
916 //////////////////////////// The CREATE TRIGGER command /////////////////////
917 
918 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
919 
920 cmd ::= CREATE trigger_decl(A) BEGIN trigger_cmd_list(S) END(Z). {
921   Token all;
922   all.z = A.z;
923   all.n = (Z.z - A.z) + Z.n;
924   sqlite3FinishTrigger(pParse, S, &all);
925 }
926 
927 trigger_decl(A) ::= temp(T) TRIGGER ifnotexists(NOERR) nm(B) dbnm(Z)
928                     trigger_time(C) trigger_event(D)
929                     ON fullname(E) foreach_clause(F) when_clause(G). {
930   sqlite3BeginTrigger(pParse, &B, &Z, C, D.a, D.b, E, F, G, T, NOERR);
931   A = (Z.n==0?B:Z);
932 }
933 
934 %type trigger_time  {int}
935 trigger_time(A) ::= BEFORE.      { A = TK_BEFORE; }
936 trigger_time(A) ::= AFTER.       { A = TK_AFTER;  }
937 trigger_time(A) ::= INSTEAD OF.  { A = TK_INSTEAD;}
938 trigger_time(A) ::= .            { A = TK_BEFORE; }
939 
940 %type trigger_event {struct TrigEvent}
941 %destructor trigger_event {sqlite3IdListDelete($$.b);}
942 trigger_event(A) ::= DELETE|INSERT(OP).       {A.a = @OP; A.b = 0;}
943 trigger_event(A) ::= UPDATE(OP).              {A.a = @OP; A.b = 0;}
944 trigger_event(A) ::= UPDATE OF inscollist(X). {A.a = TK_UPDATE; A.b = X;}
945 
946 %type foreach_clause {int}
947 foreach_clause(A) ::= .                   { A = TK_ROW; }
948 foreach_clause(A) ::= FOR EACH ROW.       { A = TK_ROW; }
949 foreach_clause(A) ::= FOR EACH STATEMENT. { A = TK_STATEMENT; }
950 
951 %type when_clause {Expr*}
952 %destructor when_clause {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
953 when_clause(A) ::= .             { A = 0; }
954 when_clause(A) ::= WHEN expr(X). { A = X; }
955 
956 %type trigger_cmd_list {TriggerStep*}
957 %destructor trigger_cmd_list {sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep($$);}
958 trigger_cmd_list(A) ::= trigger_cmd_list(Y) trigger_cmd(X) SEMI. {
959   if( Y ){
960     Y->pLast->pNext = X;
961   }else{
962     Y = X;
963   }
964   Y->pLast = X;
965   A = Y;
966 }
967 trigger_cmd_list(A) ::= . { A = 0; }
968 
969 %type trigger_cmd {TriggerStep*}
970 %destructor trigger_cmd {sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep($$);}
971 // UPDATE
972 trigger_cmd(A) ::= UPDATE orconf(R) nm(X) SET setlist(Y) where_opt(Z).
973                { A = sqlite3TriggerUpdateStep(&X, Y, Z, R); }
974 
975 // INSERT
976 trigger_cmd(A) ::= insert_cmd(R) INTO nm(X) inscollist_opt(F)
977                    VALUES LP itemlist(Y) RP.
978                {A = sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(&X, F, Y, 0, R);}
979 
980 trigger_cmd(A) ::= insert_cmd(R) INTO nm(X) inscollist_opt(F) select(S).
981                {A = sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(&X, F, 0, S, R);}
982 
983 // DELETE
984 trigger_cmd(A) ::= DELETE FROM nm(X) where_opt(Y).
985                {A = sqlite3TriggerDeleteStep(&X, Y);}
986 
987 // SELECT
988 trigger_cmd(A) ::= select(X).  {A = sqlite3TriggerSelectStep(X); }
989 
990 // The special RAISE expression that may occur in trigger programs
991 expr(A) ::= RAISE(X) LP IGNORE RP(Y).  {
992   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_RAISE, 0, 0, 0);
993   if( A ){
994     A->iColumn = OE_Ignore;
995     sqlite3ExprSpan(A, &X, &Y);
996   }
997 }
998 expr(A) ::= RAISE(X) LP raisetype(T) COMMA nm(Z) RP(Y).  {
999   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_RAISE, 0, 0, &Z);
1000   if( A ) {
1001     A->iColumn = T;
1002     sqlite3ExprSpan(A, &X, &Y);
1003   }
1004 }
1005 %endif  !SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
1006 
1007 %type raisetype {int}
1008 raisetype(A) ::= ROLLBACK.  {A = OE_Rollback;}
1009 raisetype(A) ::= ABORT.     {A = OE_Abort;}
1010 raisetype(A) ::= FAIL.      {A = OE_Fail;}
1011 
1012 
1013 ////////////////////////  DROP TRIGGER statement //////////////////////////////
1014 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
1015 cmd ::= DROP TRIGGER ifexists(NOERR) fullname(X). {
1016   sqlite3DropTrigger(pParse,X,NOERR);
1017 }
1018 %endif  !SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
1019 
1020 //////////////////////// ATTACH DATABASE file AS name /////////////////////////
1021 cmd ::= ATTACH database_kw_opt expr(F) AS expr(D) key_opt(K). {
1022   sqlite3Attach(pParse, F, D, K);
1023 }
1024 %type key_opt {Expr *}
1025 %destructor key_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
1026 key_opt(A) ::= .                     { A = 0; }
1027 key_opt(A) ::= KEY expr(X).          { A = X; }
1028 
1029 database_kw_opt ::= DATABASE.
1030 database_kw_opt ::= .
1031 
1032 //////////////////////// DETACH DATABASE name /////////////////////////////////
1033 cmd ::= DETACH database_kw_opt expr(D). {
1034   sqlite3Detach(pParse, D);
1035 }
1036 
1037 ////////////////////////// REINDEX collation //////////////////////////////////
1038 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_REINDEX
1039 cmd ::= REINDEX.                {sqlite3Reindex(pParse, 0, 0);}
1040 cmd ::= REINDEX nm(X) dbnm(Y).  {sqlite3Reindex(pParse, &X, &Y);}
1041 %endif  SQLITE_OMIT_REINDEX
1042 
1043 /////////////////////////////////// ANALYZE ///////////////////////////////////
1044 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ANALYZE
1045 cmd ::= ANALYZE.                {sqlite3Analyze(pParse, 0, 0);}
1046 cmd ::= ANALYZE nm(X) dbnm(Y).  {sqlite3Analyze(pParse, &X, &Y);}
1047 %endif
1048 
1049 //////////////////////// ALTER TABLE table ... ////////////////////////////////
1050 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
1051 cmd ::= ALTER TABLE fullname(X) RENAME TO nm(Z). {
1052   sqlite3AlterRenameTable(pParse,X,&Z);
1053 }
1054 cmd ::= ALTER TABLE add_column_fullname ADD kwcolumn_opt column(Y). {
1055   sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(pParse, &Y);
1056 }
1057 add_column_fullname ::= fullname(X). {
1058   sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(pParse, X);
1059 }
1060 kwcolumn_opt ::= .
1061 kwcolumn_opt ::= COLUMNKW.
1062 %endif  SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
1063 
1064 //////////////////////// CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ... /////////////////////////////
1065 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
1066 cmd ::= create_vtab.                       {sqlite3VtabFinishParse(pParse,0);}
1067 cmd ::= create_vtab LP vtabarglist RP(X).  {sqlite3VtabFinishParse(pParse,&X);}
1068 create_vtab ::= CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE nm(X) dbnm(Y) USING nm(Z). {
1069     sqlite3VtabBeginParse(pParse, &X, &Y, &Z);
1070 }
1071 vtabarglist ::= vtabarg.
1072 vtabarglist ::= vtabarglist COMMA vtabarg.
1073 vtabarg ::= .                       {sqlite3VtabArgInit(pParse);}
1074 vtabarg ::= vtabarg vtabargtoken.
1075 vtabargtoken ::= ANY(X).            {sqlite3VtabArgExtend(pParse,&X);}
1076 vtabargtoken ::= lp anylist RP(X).  {sqlite3VtabArgExtend(pParse,&X);}
1077 lp ::= LP(X).                       {sqlite3VtabArgExtend(pParse,&X);}
1078 anylist ::= .
1079 anylist ::= anylist ANY(X).         {sqlite3VtabArgExtend(pParse,&X);}
1080 %endif  SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
1081