xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/parse.y (revision 4dcbdbff)
1 /*
2 ** 2001 September 15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This file contains SQLite's grammar for SQL.  Process this file
13 ** using the lemon parser generator to generate C code that runs
14 ** the parser.  Lemon will also generate a header file containing
15 ** numeric codes for all of the tokens.
16 **
17 ** @(#) $Id: parse.y,v 1.175 2005/07/08 12:13:05 drh Exp $
18 */
19 
20 // All token codes are small integers with #defines that begin with "TK_"
21 %token_prefix TK_
22 
23 // The type of the data attached to each token is Token.  This is also the
24 // default type for non-terminals.
25 //
26 %token_type {Token}
27 %default_type {Token}
28 
29 // The generated parser function takes a 4th argument as follows:
30 %extra_argument {Parse *pParse}
31 
32 // This code runs whenever there is a syntax error
33 //
34 %syntax_error {
35   if( pParse->zErrMsg==0 ){
36     if( TOKEN.z[0] ){
37       sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "near \"%T\": syntax error", &TOKEN);
38     }else{
39       sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "incomplete SQL statement");
40     }
41   }
42 }
43 
44 // The name of the generated procedure that implements the parser
45 // is as follows:
46 %name sqlite3Parser
47 
48 // The following text is included near the beginning of the C source
49 // code file that implements the parser.
50 //
51 %include {
52 #include "sqliteInt.h"
53 #include "parse.h"
54 
55 /*
56 ** An instance of this structure holds information about the
57 ** LIMIT clause of a SELECT statement.
58 */
59 struct LimitVal {
60   Expr *pLimit;    /* The LIMIT expression.  NULL if there is no limit */
61   Expr *pOffset;   /* The OFFSET expression.  NULL if there is none */
62 };
63 
64 /*
65 ** An instance of this structure is used to store the LIKE,
66 ** GLOB, NOT LIKE, and NOT GLOB operators.
67 */
68 struct LikeOp {
69   Token operator;  /* "like" or "glob" or "regexp" */
70   int not;         /* True if the NOT keyword is present */
71 };
72 
73 /*
74 ** An instance of the following structure describes the event of a
75 ** TRIGGER.  "a" is the event type, one of TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT,
76 ** TK_DELETE, or TK_INSTEAD.  If the event is of the form
77 **
78 **      UPDATE ON (a,b,c)
79 **
80 ** Then the "b" IdList records the list "a,b,c".
81 */
82 struct TrigEvent { int a; IdList * b; };
83 
84 /*
85 ** An instance of this structure holds the ATTACH key and the key type.
86 */
87 struct AttachKey { int type;  Token key; };
88 
89 } // end %include
90 
91 // These are extra tokens used by the lexer but never seen by the
92 // parser.  We put them in a rule so that the parser generator will
93 // add them to the parse.h output file.
94 //
95 %nonassoc END_OF_FILE ILLEGAL SPACE UNCLOSED_STRING COMMENT FUNCTION
96           COLUMN AGG_FUNCTION CONST_FUNC.
97 
98 // Input is a single SQL command
99 input ::= cmdlist.
100 cmdlist ::= cmdlist ecmd.
101 cmdlist ::= ecmd.
102 cmdx ::= cmd.           { sqlite3FinishCoding(pParse); }
103 ecmd ::= SEMI.
104 ecmd ::= explain cmdx SEMI.
105 explain ::= .           { sqlite3BeginParse(pParse, 0); }
106 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
107 explain ::= EXPLAIN.    { sqlite3BeginParse(pParse, 1); }
108 %endif
109 
110 ///////////////////// Begin and end transactions. ////////////////////////////
111 //
112 
113 cmd ::= BEGIN transtype(Y) trans_opt.  {sqlite3BeginTransaction(pParse, Y);}
114 trans_opt ::= .
115 trans_opt ::= TRANSACTION.
116 trans_opt ::= TRANSACTION nm.
117 %type transtype {int}
118 transtype(A) ::= .             {A = TK_DEFERRED;}
119 transtype(A) ::= DEFERRED(X).  {A = @X;}
120 transtype(A) ::= IMMEDIATE(X). {A = @X;}
121 transtype(A) ::= EXCLUSIVE(X). {A = @X;}
122 cmd ::= COMMIT trans_opt.      {sqlite3CommitTransaction(pParse);}
123 cmd ::= END trans_opt.         {sqlite3CommitTransaction(pParse);}
124 cmd ::= ROLLBACK trans_opt.    {sqlite3RollbackTransaction(pParse);}
125 
126 ///////////////////// The CREATE TABLE statement ////////////////////////////
127 //
128 cmd ::= create_table create_table_args.
129 create_table ::= CREATE(X) temp(T) TABLE nm(Y) dbnm(Z). {
130    sqlite3StartTable(pParse,&X,&Y,&Z,T,0);
131 }
132 %type temp {int}
133 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB
134 temp(A) ::= TEMP.  {A = 1;}
135 %endif
136 temp(A) ::= .      {A = 0;}
137 create_table_args ::= LP columnlist conslist_opt(X) RP(Y). {
138   sqlite3EndTable(pParse,&X,&Y,0);
139 }
140 create_table_args ::= AS select(S). {
141   sqlite3EndTable(pParse,0,0,S);
142   sqlite3SelectDelete(S);
143 }
144 columnlist ::= columnlist COMMA column.
145 columnlist ::= column.
146 
147 // A "column" is a complete description of a single column in a
148 // CREATE TABLE statement.  This includes the column name, its
149 // datatype, and other keywords such as PRIMARY KEY, UNIQUE, REFERENCES,
150 // NOT NULL and so forth.
151 //
152 column(A) ::= columnid(X) type carglist. {
153   A.z = X.z;
154   A.n = (pParse->sLastToken.z-X.z) + pParse->sLastToken.n;
155 }
156 columnid(A) ::= nm(X). {
157   sqlite3AddColumn(pParse,&X);
158   A = X;
159 }
160 
161 
162 // An IDENTIFIER can be a generic identifier, or one of several
163 // keywords.  Any non-standard keyword can also be an identifier.
164 //
165 %type id {Token}
166 id(A) ::= ID(X).         {A = X;}
167 
168 // The following directive causes tokens ABORT, AFTER, ASC, etc. to
169 // fallback to ID if they will not parse as their original value.
170 // This obviates the need for the "id" nonterminal.
171 //
172 %fallback ID
173   ABORT AFTER ANALYZE ASC ATTACH BEFORE BEGIN CASCADE CAST CONFLICT
174   DATABASE DEFERRED DESC DETACH EACH END EXCLUSIVE EXPLAIN FAIL FOR
175   IGNORE IMMEDIATE INITIALLY INSTEAD LIKE_KW MATCH KEY
176   OF OFFSET PRAGMA RAISE REPLACE RESTRICT ROW STATEMENT
177   TEMP TRIGGER VACUUM VIEW
178 %ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
179   EXCEPT INTERSECT UNION
180 %endif
181   REINDEX RENAME CTIME_KW ALTER
182   .
183 
184 // Define operator precedence early so that this is the first occurance
185 // of the operator tokens in the grammer.  Keeping the operators together
186 // causes them to be assigned integer values that are close together,
187 // which keeps parser tables smaller.
188 //
189 // The token values assigned to these symbols is determined by the order
190 // in which lemon first sees them.  It must be the case that ISNULL/NOTNULL,
191 // NE/EQ, GT/LE, and GE/LT are separated by only a single value.  See
192 // the sqlite3ExprIfFalse() routine for additional information on this
193 // constraint.
194 //
195 %left OR.
196 %left AND.
197 %right NOT.
198 %left IS LIKE_KW BETWEEN IN ISNULL NOTNULL NE EQ.
199 %left GT LE LT GE.
200 %right ESCAPE.
201 %left BITAND BITOR LSHIFT RSHIFT.
202 %left PLUS MINUS.
203 %left STAR SLASH REM.
204 %left CONCAT.
205 %right UMINUS UPLUS BITNOT.
206 
207 // And "ids" is an identifer-or-string.
208 //
209 %type ids {Token}
210 ids(A) ::= ID(X).        {A = X;}
211 ids(A) ::= STRING(X).    {A = X;}
212 
213 // The name of a column or table can be any of the following:
214 //
215 %type nm {Token}
216 nm(A) ::= ID(X).         {A = X;}
217 nm(A) ::= STRING(X).     {A = X;}
218 nm(A) ::= JOIN_KW(X).    {A = X;}
219 
220 // A typetoken is really one or more tokens that form a type name such
221 // as can be found after the column name in a CREATE TABLE statement.
222 // Multiple tokens are concatenated to form the value of the typetoken.
223 //
224 %type typetoken {Token}
225 type ::= .
226 type ::= typetoken(X).                   {sqlite3AddColumnType(pParse,&X);}
227 typetoken(A) ::= typename(X).   {A = X;}
228 typetoken(A) ::= typename(X) LP signed RP(Y). {
229   A.z = X.z;
230   A.n = &Y.z[Y.n] - X.z;
231 }
232 typetoken(A) ::= typename(X) LP signed COMMA signed RP(Y). {
233   A.z = X.z;
234   A.n = &Y.z[Y.n] - X.z;
235 }
236 %type typename {Token}
237 typename(A) ::= ids(X).             {A = X;}
238 typename(A) ::= typename(X) ids(Y). {A.z=X.z; A.n=Y.n+(Y.z-X.z);}
239 %type signed {int}
240 signed(A) ::= plus_num(X).    { A = atoi(X.z); }
241 signed(A) ::= minus_num(X).   { A = -atoi(X.z); }
242 
243 // "carglist" is a list of additional constraints that come after the
244 // column name and column type in a CREATE TABLE statement.
245 //
246 carglist ::= carglist carg.
247 carglist ::= .
248 carg ::= CONSTRAINT nm ccons.
249 carg ::= ccons.
250 carg ::= DEFAULT term(X).            {sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,X);}
251 carg ::= DEFAULT LP expr(X) RP.      {sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,X);}
252 carg ::= DEFAULT PLUS term(X).       {sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,X);}
253 carg ::= DEFAULT MINUS term(X).      {
254   Expr *p = sqlite3Expr(TK_UMINUS, X, 0, 0);
255   sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,p);
256 }
257 carg ::= DEFAULT id(X).              {
258   Expr *p = sqlite3Expr(TK_STRING, 0, 0, &X);
259   sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,p);
260 }
261 
262 // In addition to the type name, we also care about the primary key and
263 // UNIQUE constraints.
264 //
265 ccons ::= NULL onconf.
266 ccons ::= NOT NULL onconf(R).               {sqlite3AddNotNull(pParse, R);}
267 ccons ::= PRIMARY KEY sortorder onconf(R) autoinc(I).
268                                      {sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,0,R,I);}
269 ccons ::= UNIQUE onconf(R).          {sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,0,R,0,0);}
270 ccons ::= CHECK LP expr(X) RP onconf. {sqlite3ExprDelete(X);}
271 ccons ::= REFERENCES nm(T) idxlist_opt(TA) refargs(R).
272                                 {sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse,0,&T,TA,R);}
273 ccons ::= defer_subclause(D).   {sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse,D);}
274 ccons ::= COLLATE id(C).  {sqlite3AddCollateType(pParse, C.z, C.n);}
275 
276 // The optional AUTOINCREMENT keyword
277 %type autoinc {int}
278 autoinc(X) ::= .          {X = 0;}
279 autoinc(X) ::= AUTOINCR.  {X = 1;}
280 
281 // The next group of rules parses the arguments to a REFERENCES clause
282 // that determine if the referential integrity checking is deferred or
283 // or immediate and which determine what action to take if a ref-integ
284 // check fails.
285 //
286 %type refargs {int}
287 refargs(A) ::= .                     { A = OE_Restrict * 0x010101; }
288 refargs(A) ::= refargs(X) refarg(Y). { A = (X & Y.mask) | Y.value; }
289 %type refarg {struct {int value; int mask;}}
290 refarg(A) ::= MATCH nm.              { A.value = 0;     A.mask = 0x000000; }
291 refarg(A) ::= ON DELETE refact(X).   { A.value = X;     A.mask = 0x0000ff; }
292 refarg(A) ::= ON UPDATE refact(X).   { A.value = X<<8;  A.mask = 0x00ff00; }
293 refarg(A) ::= ON INSERT refact(X).   { A.value = X<<16; A.mask = 0xff0000; }
294 %type refact {int}
295 refact(A) ::= SET NULL.              { A = OE_SetNull; }
296 refact(A) ::= SET DEFAULT.           { A = OE_SetDflt; }
297 refact(A) ::= CASCADE.               { A = OE_Cascade; }
298 refact(A) ::= RESTRICT.              { A = OE_Restrict; }
299 %type defer_subclause {int}
300 defer_subclause(A) ::= NOT DEFERRABLE init_deferred_pred_opt(X).  {A = X;}
301 defer_subclause(A) ::= DEFERRABLE init_deferred_pred_opt(X).      {A = X;}
302 %type init_deferred_pred_opt {int}
303 init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= .                       {A = 0;}
304 init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= INITIALLY DEFERRED.     {A = 1;}
305 init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= INITIALLY IMMEDIATE.    {A = 0;}
306 
307 // For the time being, the only constraint we care about is the primary
308 // key and UNIQUE.  Both create indices.
309 //
310 conslist_opt(A) ::= .                   {A.n = 0; A.z = 0;}
311 conslist_opt(A) ::= COMMA(X) conslist.  {A = X;}
312 conslist ::= conslist COMMA tcons.
313 conslist ::= conslist tcons.
314 conslist ::= tcons.
315 tcons ::= CONSTRAINT nm.
316 tcons ::= PRIMARY KEY LP idxlist(X) autoinc(I) RP onconf(R).
317                                          {sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,X,R,I);}
318 tcons ::= UNIQUE LP idxlist(X) RP onconf(R).
319                                        {sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,X,R,0,0);}
320 tcons ::= CHECK expr onconf.
321 tcons ::= FOREIGN KEY LP idxlist(FA) RP
322           REFERENCES nm(T) idxlist_opt(TA) refargs(R) defer_subclause_opt(D). {
323     sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse, FA, &T, TA, R);
324     sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse, D);
325 }
326 %type defer_subclause_opt {int}
327 defer_subclause_opt(A) ::= .                    {A = 0;}
328 defer_subclause_opt(A) ::= defer_subclause(X).  {A = X;}
329 
330 // The following is a non-standard extension that allows us to declare the
331 // default behavior when there is a constraint conflict.
332 //
333 %type onconf {int}
334 %type orconf {int}
335 %type resolvetype {int}
336 onconf(A) ::= .                              {A = OE_Default;}
337 onconf(A) ::= ON CONFLICT resolvetype(X).    {A = X;}
338 orconf(A) ::= .                              {A = OE_Default;}
339 orconf(A) ::= OR resolvetype(X).             {A = X;}
340 resolvetype(A) ::= raisetype(X).             {A = X;}
341 resolvetype(A) ::= IGNORE.                   {A = OE_Ignore;}
342 resolvetype(A) ::= REPLACE.                  {A = OE_Replace;}
343 
344 ////////////////////////// The DROP TABLE /////////////////////////////////////
345 //
346 cmd ::= DROP TABLE fullname(X). {
347   sqlite3DropTable(pParse, X, 0);
348 }
349 
350 ///////////////////// The CREATE VIEW statement /////////////////////////////
351 //
352 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
353 cmd ::= CREATE(X) temp(T) VIEW nm(Y) dbnm(Z) AS select(S). {
354   sqlite3CreateView(pParse, &X, &Y, &Z, S, T);
355 }
356 cmd ::= DROP VIEW fullname(X). {
357   sqlite3DropTable(pParse, X, 1);
358 }
359 %endif // SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
360 
361 //////////////////////// The SELECT statement /////////////////////////////////
362 //
363 cmd ::= select(X).  {
364   sqlite3Select(pParse, X, SRT_Callback, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
365   sqlite3SelectDelete(X);
366 }
367 
368 %type select {Select*}
369 %destructor select {sqlite3SelectDelete($$);}
370 %type oneselect {Select*}
371 %destructor oneselect {sqlite3SelectDelete($$);}
372 
373 select(A) ::= oneselect(X).                      {A = X;}
374 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
375 select(A) ::= select(X) multiselect_op(Y) oneselect(Z).  {
376   if( Z ){
377     Z->op = Y;
378     Z->pPrior = X;
379   }
380   A = Z;
381 }
382 %type multiselect_op {int}
383 multiselect_op(A) ::= UNION(OP).      {A = @OP;}
384 multiselect_op(A) ::= UNION ALL.      {A = TK_ALL;}
385 multiselect_op(A) ::= INTERSECT(OP).  {A = @OP;}
386 multiselect_op(A) ::= EXCEPT(OP).     {A = @OP;}
387 %endif // SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
388 oneselect(A) ::= SELECT distinct(D) selcollist(W) from(X) where_opt(Y)
389                  groupby_opt(P) having_opt(Q) orderby_opt(Z) limit_opt(L). {
390   A = sqlite3SelectNew(W,X,Y,P,Q,Z,D,L.pLimit,L.pOffset);
391 }
392 
393 // The "distinct" nonterminal is true (1) if the DISTINCT keyword is
394 // present and false (0) if it is not.
395 //
396 %type distinct {int}
397 distinct(A) ::= DISTINCT.   {A = 1;}
398 distinct(A) ::= ALL.        {A = 0;}
399 distinct(A) ::= .           {A = 0;}
400 
401 // selcollist is a list of expressions that are to become the return
402 // values of the SELECT statement.  The "*" in statements like
403 // "SELECT * FROM ..." is encoded as a special expression with an
404 // opcode of TK_ALL.
405 //
406 %type selcollist {ExprList*}
407 %destructor selcollist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
408 %type sclp {ExprList*}
409 %destructor sclp {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
410 sclp(A) ::= selcollist(X) COMMA.             {A = X;}
411 sclp(A) ::= .                                {A = 0;}
412 selcollist(A) ::= sclp(P) expr(X) as(Y).     {
413    A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(P,X,Y.n?&Y:0);
414 }
415 selcollist(A) ::= sclp(P) STAR. {
416   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(P, sqlite3Expr(TK_ALL, 0, 0, 0), 0);
417 }
418 selcollist(A) ::= sclp(P) nm(X) DOT STAR. {
419   Expr *pRight = sqlite3Expr(TK_ALL, 0, 0, 0);
420   Expr *pLeft = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);
421   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(P, sqlite3Expr(TK_DOT, pLeft, pRight, 0), 0);
422 }
423 
424 // An option "AS <id>" phrase that can follow one of the expressions that
425 // define the result set, or one of the tables in the FROM clause.
426 //
427 %type as {Token}
428 as(X) ::= AS nm(Y).    {X = Y;}
429 as(X) ::= ids(Y).      {X = Y;}
430 as(X) ::= .            {X.n = 0;}
431 
432 
433 %type seltablist {SrcList*}
434 %destructor seltablist {sqlite3SrcListDelete($$);}
435 %type stl_prefix {SrcList*}
436 %destructor stl_prefix {sqlite3SrcListDelete($$);}
437 %type from {SrcList*}
438 %destructor from {sqlite3SrcListDelete($$);}
439 
440 // A complete FROM clause.
441 //
442 from(A) ::= .                                 {A = sqliteMalloc(sizeof(*A));}
443 from(A) ::= FROM seltablist(X).               {A = X;}
444 
445 // "seltablist" is a "Select Table List" - the content of the FROM clause
446 // in a SELECT statement.  "stl_prefix" is a prefix of this list.
447 //
448 stl_prefix(A) ::= seltablist(X) joinop(Y).    {
449    A = X;
450    if( A && A->nSrc>0 ) A->a[A->nSrc-1].jointype = Y;
451 }
452 stl_prefix(A) ::= .                           {A = 0;}
453 seltablist(A) ::= stl_prefix(X) nm(Y) dbnm(D) as(Z) on_opt(N) using_opt(U). {
454   A = sqlite3SrcListAppend(X,&Y,&D);
455   if( Z.n ) sqlite3SrcListAddAlias(A,&Z);
456   if( N ){
457     if( A && A->nSrc>1 ){ A->a[A->nSrc-2].pOn = N; }
458     else { sqlite3ExprDelete(N); }
459   }
460   if( U ){
461     if( A && A->nSrc>1 ){ A->a[A->nSrc-2].pUsing = U; }
462     else { sqlite3IdListDelete(U); }
463   }
464 }
465 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
466   seltablist(A) ::= stl_prefix(X) LP seltablist_paren(S) RP
467                     as(Z) on_opt(N) using_opt(U). {
468     A = sqlite3SrcListAppend(X,0,0);
469     A->a[A->nSrc-1].pSelect = S;
470     if( Z.n ) sqlite3SrcListAddAlias(A,&Z);
471     if( N ){
472       if( A && A->nSrc>1 ){ A->a[A->nSrc-2].pOn = N; }
473       else { sqlite3ExprDelete(N); }
474     }
475     if( U ){
476       if( A && A->nSrc>1 ){ A->a[A->nSrc-2].pUsing = U; }
477       else { sqlite3IdListDelete(U); }
478     }
479   }
480 
481  // A seltablist_paren nonterminal represents anything in a FROM that
482   // is contained inside parentheses.  This can be either a subquery or
483   // a grouping of table and subqueries.
484   //
485   %type seltablist_paren {Select*}
486   %destructor seltablist_paren {sqlite3SelectDelete($$);}
487   seltablist_paren(A) ::= select(S).      {A = S;}
488   seltablist_paren(A) ::= seltablist(F).  {
489      A = sqlite3SelectNew(0,F,0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
490   }
491 %endif // SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
492 
493 %type dbnm {Token}
494 dbnm(A) ::= .          {A.z=0; A.n=0;}
495 dbnm(A) ::= DOT nm(X). {A = X;}
496 
497 %type fullname {SrcList*}
498 %destructor fullname {sqlite3SrcListDelete($$);}
499 fullname(A) ::= nm(X) dbnm(Y).  {A = sqlite3SrcListAppend(0,&X,&Y);}
500 
501 %type joinop {int}
502 %type joinop2 {int}
503 joinop(X) ::= COMMA.                   { X = JT_INNER; }
504 joinop(X) ::= JOIN.                    { X = JT_INNER; }
505 joinop(X) ::= JOIN_KW(A) JOIN.         { X = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&A,0,0); }
506 joinop(X) ::= JOIN_KW(A) nm(B) JOIN.   { X = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&A,&B,0); }
507 joinop(X) ::= JOIN_KW(A) nm(B) nm(C) JOIN.
508                                        { X = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&A,&B,&C); }
509 
510 %type on_opt {Expr*}
511 %destructor on_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
512 on_opt(N) ::= ON expr(E).   {N = E;}
513 on_opt(N) ::= .             {N = 0;}
514 
515 %type using_opt {IdList*}
516 %destructor using_opt {sqlite3IdListDelete($$);}
517 using_opt(U) ::= USING LP inscollist(L) RP.  {U = L;}
518 using_opt(U) ::= .                        {U = 0;}
519 
520 
521 %type orderby_opt {ExprList*}
522 %destructor orderby_opt {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
523 %type sortlist {ExprList*}
524 %destructor sortlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
525 %type sortitem {Expr*}
526 %destructor sortitem {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
527 
528 orderby_opt(A) ::= .                          {A = 0;}
529 orderby_opt(A) ::= ORDER BY sortlist(X).      {A = X;}
530 sortlist(A) ::= sortlist(X) COMMA sortitem(Y) collate(C) sortorder(Z). {
531   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(X,Y,C.n>0?&C:0);
532   if( A ) A->a[A->nExpr-1].sortOrder = Z;
533 }
534 sortlist(A) ::= sortitem(Y) collate(C) sortorder(Z). {
535   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0,Y,C.n>0?&C:0);
536   if( A && A->a ) A->a[0].sortOrder = Z;
537 }
538 sortitem(A) ::= expr(X).   {A = X;}
539 
540 %type sortorder {int}
541 %type collate {Token}
542 
543 sortorder(A) ::= ASC.           {A = SQLITE_SO_ASC;}
544 sortorder(A) ::= DESC.          {A = SQLITE_SO_DESC;}
545 sortorder(A) ::= .              {A = SQLITE_SO_ASC;}
546 collate(C) ::= .                {C.z = 0; C.n = 0;}
547 collate(C) ::= COLLATE id(X).   {C = X;}
548 
549 %type groupby_opt {ExprList*}
550 %destructor groupby_opt {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
551 groupby_opt(A) ::= .                      {A = 0;}
552 groupby_opt(A) ::= GROUP BY exprlist(X).  {A = X;}
553 
554 %type having_opt {Expr*}
555 %destructor having_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
556 having_opt(A) ::= .                {A = 0;}
557 having_opt(A) ::= HAVING expr(X).  {A = X;}
558 
559 %type limit_opt {struct LimitVal}
560 %destructor limit_opt {
561   sqlite3ExprDelete($$.pLimit);
562   sqlite3ExprDelete($$.pOffset);
563 }
564 limit_opt(A) ::= .                     {A.pLimit = 0; A.pOffset = 0;}
565 limit_opt(A) ::= LIMIT expr(X).        {A.pLimit = X; A.pOffset = 0;}
566 limit_opt(A) ::= LIMIT expr(X) OFFSET expr(Y).
567                                        {A.pLimit = X; A.pOffset = Y;}
568 limit_opt(A) ::= LIMIT expr(X) COMMA expr(Y).
569                                        {A.pOffset = X; A.pLimit = Y;}
570 
571 /////////////////////////// The DELETE statement /////////////////////////////
572 //
573 cmd ::= DELETE FROM fullname(X) where_opt(Y). {sqlite3DeleteFrom(pParse,X,Y);}
574 
575 %type where_opt {Expr*}
576 %destructor where_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
577 
578 where_opt(A) ::= .                    {A = 0;}
579 where_opt(A) ::= WHERE expr(X).       {A = X;}
580 
581 ////////////////////////// The UPDATE command ////////////////////////////////
582 //
583 cmd ::= UPDATE orconf(R) fullname(X) SET setlist(Y) where_opt(Z).
584     {sqlite3Update(pParse,X,Y,Z,R);}
585 
586 %type setlist {ExprList*}
587 %destructor setlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
588 
589 setlist(A) ::= setlist(Z) COMMA nm(X) EQ expr(Y).
590     {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(Z,Y,&X);}
591 setlist(A) ::= nm(X) EQ expr(Y).   {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0,Y,&X);}
592 
593 ////////////////////////// The INSERT command /////////////////////////////////
594 //
595 cmd ::= insert_cmd(R) INTO fullname(X) inscollist_opt(F)
596         VALUES LP itemlist(Y) RP.
597             {sqlite3Insert(pParse, X, Y, 0, F, R);}
598 cmd ::= insert_cmd(R) INTO fullname(X) inscollist_opt(F) select(S).
599             {sqlite3Insert(pParse, X, 0, S, F, R);}
600 
601 %type insert_cmd {int}
602 insert_cmd(A) ::= INSERT orconf(R).   {A = R;}
603 insert_cmd(A) ::= REPLACE.            {A = OE_Replace;}
604 
605 
606 %type itemlist {ExprList*}
607 %destructor itemlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
608 
609 itemlist(A) ::= itemlist(X) COMMA expr(Y).  {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(X,Y,0);}
610 itemlist(A) ::= expr(X).                    {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0,X,0);}
611 
612 %type inscollist_opt {IdList*}
613 %destructor inscollist_opt {sqlite3IdListDelete($$);}
614 %type inscollist {IdList*}
615 %destructor inscollist {sqlite3IdListDelete($$);}
616 
617 inscollist_opt(A) ::= .                       {A = 0;}
618 inscollist_opt(A) ::= LP inscollist(X) RP.    {A = X;}
619 inscollist(A) ::= inscollist(X) COMMA nm(Y).  {A = sqlite3IdListAppend(X,&Y);}
620 inscollist(A) ::= nm(Y).                      {A = sqlite3IdListAppend(0,&Y);}
621 
622 /////////////////////////// Expression Processing /////////////////////////////
623 //
624 
625 %type expr {Expr*}
626 %destructor expr {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
627 %type term {Expr*}
628 %destructor term {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
629 
630 expr(A) ::= term(X).             {A = X;}
631 expr(A) ::= LP(B) expr(X) RP(E). {A = X; sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&E); }
632 term(A) ::= NULL(X).             {A = sqlite3Expr(@X, 0, 0, &X);}
633 expr(A) ::= ID(X).               {A = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);}
634 expr(A) ::= JOIN_KW(X).          {A = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);}
635 expr(A) ::= nm(X) DOT nm(Y). {
636   Expr *temp1 = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);
637   Expr *temp2 = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &Y);
638   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_DOT, temp1, temp2, 0);
639 }
640 expr(A) ::= nm(X) DOT nm(Y) DOT nm(Z). {
641   Expr *temp1 = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);
642   Expr *temp2 = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &Y);
643   Expr *temp3 = sqlite3Expr(TK_ID, 0, 0, &Z);
644   Expr *temp4 = sqlite3Expr(TK_DOT, temp2, temp3, 0);
645   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_DOT, temp1, temp4, 0);
646 }
647 term(A) ::= INTEGER(X).      {A = sqlite3Expr(@X, 0, 0, &X);}
648 term(A) ::= FLOAT(X).        {A = sqlite3Expr(@X, 0, 0, &X);}
649 term(A) ::= STRING(X).       {A = sqlite3Expr(@X, 0, 0, &X);}
650 term(A) ::= BLOB(X).         {A = sqlite3Expr(@X, 0, 0, &X);}
651 expr(A) ::= REGISTER(X).     {A = sqlite3RegisterExpr(pParse, &X);}
652 expr(A) ::= VARIABLE(X).     {
653   Token *pToken = &X;
654   Expr *pExpr = A = sqlite3Expr(TK_VARIABLE, 0, 0, pToken);
655   sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(pParse, pExpr);
656 }
657 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CAST
658 expr(A) ::= CAST(X) LP expr(E) AS typetoken(T) RP(Y). {
659   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_CAST, E, 0, &T);
660   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X,&Y);
661 }
662 %endif // SQLITE_OMIT_CAST
663 expr(A) ::= ID(X) LP exprlist(Y) RP(E). {
664   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(Y, &X);
665   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X,&E);
666 }
667 expr(A) ::= ID(X) LP STAR RP(E). {
668   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(0, &X);
669   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X,&E);
670 }
671 term(A) ::= CTIME_KW(OP). {
672   /* The CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_DATE, and CURRENT_TIMESTAMP values are
673   ** treated as functions that return constants */
674   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(0,&OP);
675   if( A ) A->op = TK_CONST_FUNC;
676 }
677 expr(A) ::= expr(X) AND(OP) expr(Y).    {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
678 expr(A) ::= expr(X) OR(OP) expr(Y).     {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
679 expr(A) ::= expr(X) LT(OP) expr(Y).     {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
680 expr(A) ::= expr(X) GT(OP) expr(Y).     {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
681 expr(A) ::= expr(X) LE(OP) expr(Y).     {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
682 expr(A) ::= expr(X) GE(OP) expr(Y).     {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
683 expr(A) ::= expr(X) NE(OP) expr(Y).     {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
684 expr(A) ::= expr(X) EQ(OP) expr(Y).     {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
685 expr(A) ::= expr(X) BITAND(OP) expr(Y). {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
686 expr(A) ::= expr(X) BITOR(OP) expr(Y).  {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
687 expr(A) ::= expr(X) LSHIFT(OP) expr(Y). {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
688 expr(A) ::= expr(X) RSHIFT(OP) expr(Y). {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
689 expr(A) ::= expr(X) PLUS(OP) expr(Y).   {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
690 expr(A) ::= expr(X) MINUS(OP) expr(Y).  {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
691 expr(A) ::= expr(X) STAR(OP) expr(Y).   {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
692 expr(A) ::= expr(X) SLASH(OP) expr(Y).  {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
693 expr(A) ::= expr(X) REM(OP) expr(Y).    {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
694 expr(A) ::= expr(X) CONCAT(OP) expr(Y). {A = sqlite3Expr(@OP, X, Y, 0);}
695 %type likeop {struct LikeOp}
696 likeop(A) ::= LIKE_KW(X).     {A.operator = X; A.not = 0;}
697 likeop(A) ::= NOT LIKE_KW(X). {A.operator = X; A.not = 1;}
698 %type escape {Expr*}
699 escape(X) ::= ESCAPE expr(A). [ESCAPE] {X = A;}
700 escape(X) ::= .               [ESCAPE] {X = 0;}
701 expr(A) ::= expr(X) likeop(OP) expr(Y) escape(E).  [LIKE_KW]  {
702   ExprList *pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0, Y, 0);
703   pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pList, X, 0);
704   if( E ){
705     pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pList, E, 0);
706   }
707   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(pList, &OP.operator);
708   if( OP.not ) A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOT, A, 0, 0);
709   sqlite3ExprSpan(A, &X->span, &Y->span);
710 }
711 
712 expr(A) ::= expr(X) ISNULL(E). {
713   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_ISNULL, X, 0, 0);
714   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
715 }
716 expr(A) ::= expr(X) IS NULL(E). {
717   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_ISNULL, X, 0, 0);
718   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
719 }
720 expr(A) ::= expr(X) NOTNULL(E). {
721   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOTNULL, X, 0, 0);
722   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
723 }
724 expr(A) ::= expr(X) NOT NULL(E). {
725   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOTNULL, X, 0, 0);
726   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
727 }
728 expr(A) ::= expr(X) IS NOT NULL(E). {
729   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOTNULL, X, 0, 0);
730   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
731 }
732 expr(A) ::= NOT(B) expr(X). {
733   A = sqlite3Expr(@B, X, 0, 0);
734   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&X->span);
735 }
736 expr(A) ::= BITNOT(B) expr(X). {
737   A = sqlite3Expr(@B, X, 0, 0);
738   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&X->span);
739 }
740 expr(A) ::= MINUS(B) expr(X). [UMINUS] {
741   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_UMINUS, X, 0, 0);
742   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&X->span);
743 }
744 expr(A) ::= PLUS(B) expr(X). [UPLUS] {
745   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_UPLUS, X, 0, 0);
746   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&X->span);
747 }
748 %type between_op {int}
749 between_op(A) ::= BETWEEN.     {A = 0;}
750 between_op(A) ::= NOT BETWEEN. {A = 1;}
751 expr(A) ::= expr(W) between_op(N) expr(X) AND expr(Y). [BETWEEN] {
752   ExprList *pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0, X, 0);
753   pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pList, Y, 0);
754   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_BETWEEN, W, 0, 0);
755   if( A ) A->pList = pList;
756   if( N ) A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOT, A, 0, 0);
757   sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&W->span,&Y->span);
758 }
759 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
760   %type in_op {int}
761   in_op(A) ::= IN.      {A = 0;}
762   in_op(A) ::= NOT IN.  {A = 1;}
763   expr(A) ::= expr(X) in_op(N) LP exprlist(Y) RP(E). [IN] {
764     A = sqlite3Expr(TK_IN, X, 0, 0);
765     if( A ){
766       A->pList = Y;
767     }else{
768       sqlite3ExprListDelete(Y);
769     }
770     if( N ) A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOT, A, 0, 0);
771     sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
772   }
773   expr(A) ::= LP(B) select(X) RP(E). {
774     A = sqlite3Expr(TK_SELECT, 0, 0, 0);
775     if( A ) A->pSelect = X;
776     if( !A ) sqlite3SelectDelete(X);
777     sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&B,&E);
778   }
779   expr(A) ::= expr(X) in_op(N) LP select(Y) RP(E).  [IN] {
780     A = sqlite3Expr(TK_IN, X, 0, 0);
781     if( A ) A->pSelect = Y;
782     if( !A ) sqlite3SelectDelete(Y);
783     if( N ) A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOT, A, 0, 0);
784     sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,&E);
785   }
786   expr(A) ::= expr(X) in_op(N) nm(Y) dbnm(Z). [IN] {
787     SrcList *pSrc = sqlite3SrcListAppend(0,&Y,&Z);
788     A = sqlite3Expr(TK_IN, X, 0, 0);
789     if( A ) A->pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(0,pSrc,0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
790     if( N ) A = sqlite3Expr(TK_NOT, A, 0, 0);
791     sqlite3ExprSpan(A,&X->span,Z.z?&Z:&Y);
792   }
793   expr(A) ::= EXISTS(B) LP select(Y) RP(E). {
794     Expr *p = A = sqlite3Expr(TK_EXISTS, 0, 0, 0);
795     if( p ){
796       p->pSelect = Y;
797       sqlite3ExprSpan(p,&B,&E);
798     }
799     if( !p ) sqlite3SelectDelete(Y);
800   }
801 %endif // SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
802 
803 /* CASE expressions */
804 expr(A) ::= CASE(C) case_operand(X) case_exprlist(Y) case_else(Z) END(E). {
805   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_CASE, X, Z, 0);
806   if( A ) A->pList = Y;
807   sqlite3ExprSpan(A, &C, &E);
808 }
809 %type case_exprlist {ExprList*}
810 %destructor case_exprlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
811 case_exprlist(A) ::= case_exprlist(X) WHEN expr(Y) THEN expr(Z). {
812   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(X, Y, 0);
813   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(A, Z, 0);
814 }
815 case_exprlist(A) ::= WHEN expr(Y) THEN expr(Z). {
816   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0, Y, 0);
817   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(A, Z, 0);
818 }
819 %type case_else {Expr*}
820 case_else(A) ::=  ELSE expr(X).         {A = X;}
821 case_else(A) ::=  .                     {A = 0;}
822 %type case_operand {Expr*}
823 case_operand(A) ::= expr(X).            {A = X;}
824 case_operand(A) ::= .                   {A = 0;}
825 
826 %type exprlist {ExprList*}
827 %destructor exprlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
828 %type expritem {Expr*}
829 %destructor expritem {sqlite3ExprDelete($$);}
830 
831 exprlist(A) ::= exprlist(X) COMMA expritem(Y).
832                                         {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(X,Y,0);}
833 exprlist(A) ::= expritem(X).            {A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0,X,0);}
834 expritem(A) ::= expr(X).                {A = X;}
835 expritem(A) ::= .                       {A = 0;}
836 
837 ///////////////////////////// The CREATE INDEX command ///////////////////////
838 //
839 cmd ::= CREATE(S) uniqueflag(U) INDEX nm(X) dbnm(D)
840         ON nm(Y) LP idxlist(Z) RP(E) onconf(R). {
841   if( U!=OE_None ) U = R;
842   if( U==OE_Default) U = OE_Abort;
843   sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse, &X, &D, sqlite3SrcListAppend(0,&Y,0),Z,U, &S, &E);
844 }
845 
846 %type uniqueflag {int}
847 uniqueflag(A) ::= UNIQUE.  {A = OE_Abort;}
848 uniqueflag(A) ::= .        {A = OE_None;}
849 
850 %type idxlist {ExprList*}
851 %destructor idxlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
852 %type idxlist_opt {ExprList*}
853 %destructor idxlist_opt {sqlite3ExprListDelete($$);}
854 %type idxitem {Token}
855 
856 idxlist_opt(A) ::= .                         {A = 0;}
857 idxlist_opt(A) ::= LP idxlist(X) RP.         {A = X;}
858 idxlist(A) ::= idxlist(X) COMMA idxitem(Y) collate(C) sortorder.  {
859   Expr *p = 0;
860   if( C.n>0 ){
861     p = sqlite3Expr(TK_COLUMN, 0, 0, 0);
862     if( p ) p->pColl = sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, C.z, C.n);
863   }
864   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(X, p, &Y);
865 }
866 idxlist(A) ::= idxitem(Y) collate(C) sortorder. {
867   Expr *p = 0;
868   if( C.n>0 ){
869     p = sqlite3Expr(TK_COLUMN, 0, 0, 0);
870     if( p ) p->pColl = sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, C.z, C.n);
871   }
872   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0, p, &Y);
873 }
874 idxitem(A) ::= nm(X).              {A = X;}
875 
876 
877 ///////////////////////////// The DROP INDEX command /////////////////////////
878 //
879 cmd ::= DROP INDEX fullname(X).   {sqlite3DropIndex(pParse, X);}
880 
881 ///////////////////////////// The VACUUM command /////////////////////////////
882 //
883 cmd ::= VACUUM.                {sqlite3Vacuum(pParse,0);}
884 cmd ::= VACUUM nm.             {sqlite3Vacuum(pParse,0);}
885 
886 ///////////////////////////// The PRAGMA command /////////////////////////////
887 //
888 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PRAGMA
889 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z) EQ nm(Y).  {sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,&Y,0);}
890 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z) EQ ON(Y).  {sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,&Y,0);}
891 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z) EQ plus_num(Y). {sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,&Y,0);}
892 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z) EQ minus_num(Y). {
893   sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,&Y,1);
894 }
895 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z) LP nm(Y) RP. {sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,&Y,0);}
896 cmd ::= PRAGMA nm(X) dbnm(Z).             {sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&X,&Z,0,0);}
897 %endif // SQLITE_OMIT_PRAGMA
898 plus_num(A) ::= plus_opt number(X).   {A = X;}
899 minus_num(A) ::= MINUS number(X).     {A = X;}
900 number(A) ::= INTEGER(X).             {A = X;}
901 number(A) ::= FLOAT(X).               {A = X;}
902 plus_opt ::= PLUS.
903 plus_opt ::= .
904 
905 //////////////////////////// The CREATE TRIGGER command /////////////////////
906 
907 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
908 
909 cmd ::= CREATE trigger_decl(A) BEGIN trigger_cmd_list(S) END(Z). {
910   Token all;
911   all.z = A.z;
912   all.n = (Z.z - A.z) + Z.n;
913   sqlite3FinishTrigger(pParse, S, &all);
914 }
915 
916 trigger_decl(A) ::= temp(T) TRIGGER nm(B) dbnm(Z) trigger_time(C)
917                     trigger_event(D)
918                     ON fullname(E) foreach_clause(F) when_clause(G). {
919   sqlite3BeginTrigger(pParse, &B, &Z, C, D.a, D.b, E, F, G, T);
920   A = (Z.n==0?B:Z);
921 }
922 
923 %type trigger_time  {int}
924 trigger_time(A) ::= BEFORE.      { A = TK_BEFORE; }
925 trigger_time(A) ::= AFTER.       { A = TK_AFTER;  }
926 trigger_time(A) ::= INSTEAD OF.  { A = TK_INSTEAD;}
927 trigger_time(A) ::= .            { A = TK_BEFORE; }
928 
929 %type trigger_event {struct TrigEvent}
930 %destructor trigger_event {sqlite3IdListDelete($$.b);}
931 trigger_event(A) ::= DELETE(OP).              {A.a = @OP; A.b = 0;}
932 trigger_event(A) ::= INSERT(OP).              {A.a = @OP; A.b = 0;}
933 trigger_event(A) ::= UPDATE(OP).              {A.a = @OP; A.b = 0;}
934 trigger_event(A) ::= UPDATE OF inscollist(X). {A.a = TK_UPDATE; A.b = X;}
935 
936 %type foreach_clause {int}
937 foreach_clause(A) ::= .                   { A = TK_ROW; }
938 foreach_clause(A) ::= FOR EACH ROW.       { A = TK_ROW; }
939 foreach_clause(A) ::= FOR EACH STATEMENT. { A = TK_STATEMENT; }
940 
941 %type when_clause {Expr*}
942 when_clause(A) ::= .             { A = 0; }
943 when_clause(A) ::= WHEN expr(X). { A = X; }
944 
945 %type trigger_cmd_list {TriggerStep*}
946 %destructor trigger_cmd_list {sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep($$);}
947 trigger_cmd_list(A) ::= trigger_cmd(X) SEMI trigger_cmd_list(Y). {
948   X->pNext = Y;
949   A = X;
950 }
951 trigger_cmd_list(A) ::= . { A = 0; }
952 
953 %type trigger_cmd {TriggerStep*}
954 %destructor trigger_cmd {sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep($$);}
955 // UPDATE
956 trigger_cmd(A) ::= UPDATE orconf(R) nm(X) SET setlist(Y) where_opt(Z).
957                { A = sqlite3TriggerUpdateStep(&X, Y, Z, R); }
958 
959 // INSERT
960 trigger_cmd(A) ::= insert_cmd(R) INTO nm(X) inscollist_opt(F)
961                    VALUES LP itemlist(Y) RP.
962                {A = sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(&X, F, Y, 0, R);}
963 
964 trigger_cmd(A) ::= insert_cmd(R) INTO nm(X) inscollist_opt(F) select(S).
965                {A = sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(&X, F, 0, S, R);}
966 
967 // DELETE
968 trigger_cmd(A) ::= DELETE FROM nm(X) where_opt(Y).
969                {A = sqlite3TriggerDeleteStep(&X, Y);}
970 
971 // SELECT
972 trigger_cmd(A) ::= select(X).  {A = sqlite3TriggerSelectStep(X); }
973 
974 // The special RAISE expression that may occur in trigger programs
975 expr(A) ::= RAISE(X) LP IGNORE RP(Y).  {
976   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_RAISE, 0, 0, 0);
977   A->iColumn = OE_Ignore;
978   sqlite3ExprSpan(A, &X, &Y);
979 }
980 expr(A) ::= RAISE(X) LP raisetype(T) COMMA nm(Z) RP(Y).  {
981   A = sqlite3Expr(TK_RAISE, 0, 0, &Z);
982   A->iColumn = T;
983   sqlite3ExprSpan(A, &X, &Y);
984 }
985 %endif // !SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
986 
987 %type raisetype {int}
988 raisetype(A) ::= ROLLBACK.  {A = OE_Rollback;}
989 raisetype(A) ::= ABORT.     {A = OE_Abort;}
990 raisetype(A) ::= FAIL.      {A = OE_Fail;}
991 
992 
993 ////////////////////////  DROP TRIGGER statement //////////////////////////////
994 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
995 cmd ::= DROP TRIGGER fullname(X). {
996   sqlite3DropTrigger(pParse,X);
997 }
998 %endif // !SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
999 
1000 //////////////////////// ATTACH DATABASE file AS name /////////////////////////
1001 cmd ::= ATTACH database_kw_opt ids(F) AS nm(D) key_opt(K). {
1002   sqlite3Attach(pParse, &F, &D, K.type, &K.key);
1003 }
1004 %type key_opt {struct AttachKey}
1005 key_opt(A) ::= .                     { A.type = 0; }
1006 key_opt(A) ::= KEY ids(X).           { A.type=1; A.key = X; }
1007 key_opt(A) ::= KEY BLOB(X).          { A.type=2; A.key = X; }
1008 
1009 database_kw_opt ::= DATABASE.
1010 database_kw_opt ::= .
1011 
1012 //////////////////////// DETACH DATABASE name /////////////////////////////////
1013 cmd ::= DETACH database_kw_opt nm(D). {
1014   sqlite3Detach(pParse, &D);
1015 }
1016 
1017 ////////////////////////// REINDEX collation //////////////////////////////////
1018 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_REINDEX
1019 cmd ::= REINDEX.                {sqlite3Reindex(pParse, 0, 0);}
1020 cmd ::= REINDEX nm(X) dbnm(Y).  {sqlite3Reindex(pParse, &X, &Y);}
1021 %endif
1022 
1023 /////////////////////////////////// ANALYZE ///////////////////////////////////
1024 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ANALYZE
1025 cmd ::= ANALYZE.                {sqlite3Analyze(pParse, 0, 0);}
1026 cmd ::= ANALYZE nm(X) dbnm(Y).  {sqlite3Analyze(pParse, &X, &Y);}
1027 %endif
1028 
1029 //////////////////////// ALTER TABLE table ... ////////////////////////////////
1030 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
1031 cmd ::= ALTER TABLE fullname(X) RENAME TO nm(Z). {
1032   sqlite3AlterRenameTable(pParse,X,&Z);
1033 }
1034 cmd ::= ALTER TABLE add_column_fullname ADD kwcolumn_opt column(Y). {
1035   sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(pParse, &Y);
1036 }
1037 add_column_fullname ::= fullname(X). {
1038   sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(pParse, X);
1039 }
1040 kwcolumn_opt ::= .
1041 kwcolumn_opt ::= COLUMNKW.
1042 %endif
1043