xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/mutex_w32.c (revision 38d69855)
1 /*
2 ** 2007 August 14
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This file contains the C functions that implement mutexes for Win32.
13 */
14 #include "sqliteInt.h"
15 
16 #if SQLITE_OS_WIN
17 /*
18 ** Include code that is common to all os_*.c files
19 */
20 #include "os_common.h"
21 
22 /*
23 ** Include the header file for the Windows VFS.
24 */
25 #include "os_win.h"
26 #endif
27 
28 /*
29 ** The code in this file is only used if we are compiling multithreaded
30 ** on a Win32 system.
31 */
32 #ifdef SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
33 
34 /*
35 ** Each recursive mutex is an instance of the following structure.
36 */
37 struct sqlite3_mutex {
38   CRITICAL_SECTION mutex;    /* Mutex controlling the lock */
39   int id;                    /* Mutex type */
40 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
41   volatile int nRef;         /* Number of enterances */
42   volatile DWORD owner;      /* Thread holding this mutex */
43   volatile int trace;        /* True to trace changes */
44 #endif
45 };
46 
47 /*
48 ** These are the initializer values used when declaring a "static" mutex
49 ** on Win32.  It should be noted that all mutexes require initialization
50 ** on the Win32 platform.
51 */
52 #define SQLITE_W32_MUTEX_INITIALIZER { 0 }
53 
54 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
55 #define SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER { SQLITE_W32_MUTEX_INITIALIZER, 0, \
56                                     0L, (DWORD)0, 0 }
57 #else
58 #define SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER { SQLITE_W32_MUTEX_INITIALIZER, 0 }
59 #endif
60 
61 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
62 /*
63 ** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routine are
64 ** intended for use only inside assert() statements.
65 */
66 static int winMutexHeld(sqlite3_mutex *p){
67   return p->nRef!=0 && p->owner==GetCurrentThreadId();
68 }
69 
70 static int winMutexNotheld2(sqlite3_mutex *p, DWORD tid){
71   return p->nRef==0 || p->owner!=tid;
72 }
73 
74 static int winMutexNotheld(sqlite3_mutex *p){
75   DWORD tid = GetCurrentThreadId();
76   return winMutexNotheld2(p, tid);
77 }
78 #endif
79 
80 /*
81 ** Try to provide a memory barrier operation, needed for initialization
82 ** and also for the xShmBarrier method of the VFS in cases when SQLite is
83 ** compiled without mutexes (SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0).
84 */
85 void sqlite3MemoryBarrier(void){
86 #if defined(SQLITE_MEMORY_BARRIER)
87   SQLITE_MEMORY_BARRIER;
88 #elif defined(__GNUC__)
89   __sync_synchronize();
90 #elif !defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC) && \
91       defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300
92   _ReadWriteBarrier();
93 #elif defined(MemoryBarrier)
94   MemoryBarrier();
95 #endif
96 }
97 
98 /*
99 ** Initialize and deinitialize the mutex subsystem.
100 */
101 static sqlite3_mutex winMutex_staticMutexes[] = {
102   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
103   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
104   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
105   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
106   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
107   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
108   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
109   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
110   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
111   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
112   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
113   SQLITE3_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
114 };
115 
116 static int winMutex_isInit = 0;
117 static int winMutex_isNt = -1; /* <0 means "need to query" */
118 
119 /* As the winMutexInit() and winMutexEnd() functions are called as part
120 ** of the sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown() processing, the
121 ** "interlocked" magic used here is probably not strictly necessary.
122 */
123 static LONG SQLITE_WIN32_VOLATILE winMutex_lock = 0;
124 
125 int sqlite3_win32_is_nt(void); /* os_win.c */
126 void sqlite3_win32_sleep(DWORD milliseconds); /* os_win.c */
127 
128 static int winMutexInit(void){
129   /* The first to increment to 1 does actual initialization */
130   if( InterlockedCompareExchange(&winMutex_lock, 1, 0)==0 ){
131     int i;
132     for(i=0; i<ArraySize(winMutex_staticMutexes); i++){
133 #if SQLITE_OS_WINRT
134       InitializeCriticalSectionEx(&winMutex_staticMutexes[i].mutex, 0, 0);
135 #else
136       InitializeCriticalSection(&winMutex_staticMutexes[i].mutex);
137 #endif
138     }
139     winMutex_isInit = 1;
140   }else{
141     /* Another thread is (in the process of) initializing the static
142     ** mutexes */
143     while( !winMutex_isInit ){
144       sqlite3_win32_sleep(1);
145     }
146   }
147   return SQLITE_OK;
148 }
149 
150 static int winMutexEnd(void){
151   /* The first to decrement to 0 does actual shutdown
152   ** (which should be the last to shutdown.) */
153   if( InterlockedCompareExchange(&winMutex_lock, 0, 1)==1 ){
154     if( winMutex_isInit==1 ){
155       int i;
156       for(i=0; i<ArraySize(winMutex_staticMutexes); i++){
157         DeleteCriticalSection(&winMutex_staticMutexes[i].mutex);
158       }
159       winMutex_isInit = 0;
160     }
161   }
162   return SQLITE_OK;
163 }
164 
165 /*
166 ** The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
167 ** mutex and returns a pointer to it.  If it returns NULL
168 ** that means that a mutex could not be allocated.  SQLite
169 ** will unwind its stack and return an error.  The argument
170 ** to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() is one of these integer constants:
171 **
172 ** <ul>
173 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
174 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
175 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
176 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
177 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
178 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
179 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
180 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
181 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
182 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
183 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
184 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
185 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
186 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
187 ** </ul>
188 **
189 ** The first two constants cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
190 ** a new mutex.  The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
191 ** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
192 ** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
193 ** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
194 ** not want to.  But SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
195 ** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
196 ** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
197 ** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
198 **
199 ** The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() each return
200 ** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  Six static mutexes are
201 ** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
202 ** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
203 ** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
204 ** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
205 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
206 **
207 ** Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
208 ** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
209 ** returns a different mutex on every call.  But for the static
210 ** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
211 ** the same type number.
212 */
213 static sqlite3_mutex *winMutexAlloc(int iType){
214   sqlite3_mutex *p;
215 
216   switch( iType ){
217     case SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST:
218     case SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE: {
219       p = sqlite3MallocZero( sizeof(*p) );
220       if( p ){
221         p->id = iType;
222 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
223 #ifdef SQLITE_WIN32_MUTEX_TRACE_DYNAMIC
224         p->trace = 1;
225 #endif
226 #endif
227 #if SQLITE_OS_WINRT
228         InitializeCriticalSectionEx(&p->mutex, 0, 0);
229 #else
230         InitializeCriticalSection(&p->mutex);
231 #endif
232       }
233       break;
234     }
235     default: {
236 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
237       if( iType-2<0 || iType-2>=ArraySize(winMutex_staticMutexes) ){
238         (void)SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
239         return 0;
240       }
241 #endif
242       p = &winMutex_staticMutexes[iType-2];
243       p->id = iType;
244 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
245 #ifdef SQLITE_WIN32_MUTEX_TRACE_STATIC
246       p->trace = 1;
247 #endif
248 #endif
249       break;
250     }
251   }
252   return p;
253 }
254 
255 
256 /*
257 ** This routine deallocates a previously
258 ** allocated mutex.  SQLite is careful to deallocate every
259 ** mutex that it allocates.
260 */
261 static void winMutexFree(sqlite3_mutex *p){
262   assert( p );
263   assert( p->nRef==0 && p->owner==0 );
264   if( p->id==SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST || p->id==SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE ){
265     DeleteCriticalSection(&p->mutex);
266     sqlite3_free(p);
267   }else{
268 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
269     (void)SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
270 #endif
271   }
272 }
273 
274 /*
275 ** The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
276 ** to enter a mutex.  If another thread is already within the mutex,
277 ** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
278 ** SQLITE_BUSY.  The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns SQLITE_OK
279 ** upon successful entry.  Mutexes created using SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can
280 ** be entered multiple times by the same thread.  In such cases the,
281 ** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
282 ** can enter.  If the same thread tries to enter any other kind of mutex
283 ** more than once, the behavior is undefined.
284 */
285 static void winMutexEnter(sqlite3_mutex *p){
286 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
287   DWORD tid = GetCurrentThreadId();
288 #endif
289 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
290   assert( p );
291   assert( p->id==SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE || winMutexNotheld2(p, tid) );
292 #else
293   assert( p );
294 #endif
295   assert( winMutex_isInit==1 );
296   EnterCriticalSection(&p->mutex);
297 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
298   assert( p->nRef>0 || p->owner==0 );
299   p->owner = tid;
300   p->nRef++;
301   if( p->trace ){
302     OSTRACE(("ENTER-MUTEX tid=%lu, mutex=%p (%d), nRef=%d\n",
303              tid, p, p->trace, p->nRef));
304   }
305 #endif
306 }
307 
308 static int winMutexTry(sqlite3_mutex *p){
309 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
310   DWORD tid = GetCurrentThreadId();
311 #endif
312   int rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
313   assert( p );
314   assert( p->id==SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE || winMutexNotheld2(p, tid) );
315   /*
316   ** The sqlite3_mutex_try() routine is very rarely used, and when it
317   ** is used it is merely an optimization.  So it is OK for it to always
318   ** fail.
319   **
320   ** The TryEnterCriticalSection() interface is only available on WinNT.
321   ** And some windows compilers complain if you try to use it without
322   ** first doing some #defines that prevent SQLite from building on Win98.
323   ** For that reason, we will omit this optimization for now.  See
324   ** ticket #2685.
325   */
326 #if defined(_WIN32_WINNT) && _WIN32_WINNT >= 0x0400
327   assert( winMutex_isInit==1 );
328   assert( winMutex_isNt>=-1 && winMutex_isNt<=1 );
329   if( winMutex_isNt<0 ){
330     winMutex_isNt = sqlite3_win32_is_nt();
331   }
332   assert( winMutex_isNt==0 || winMutex_isNt==1 );
333   if( winMutex_isNt && TryEnterCriticalSection(&p->mutex) ){
334 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
335     p->owner = tid;
336     p->nRef++;
337 #endif
338     rc = SQLITE_OK;
339   }
340 #else
341   UNUSED_PARAMETER(p);
342 #endif
343 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
344   if( p->trace ){
345     OSTRACE(("TRY-MUTEX tid=%lu, mutex=%p (%d), owner=%lu, nRef=%d, rc=%s\n",
346              tid, p, p->trace, p->owner, p->nRef, sqlite3ErrName(rc)));
347   }
348 #endif
349   return rc;
350 }
351 
352 /*
353 ** The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
354 ** previously entered by the same thread.  The behavior
355 ** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered or
356 ** is not currently allocated.  SQLite will never do either.
357 */
358 static void winMutexLeave(sqlite3_mutex *p){
359 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
360   DWORD tid = GetCurrentThreadId();
361 #endif
362   assert( p );
363 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
364   assert( p->nRef>0 );
365   assert( p->owner==tid );
366   p->nRef--;
367   if( p->nRef==0 ) p->owner = 0;
368   assert( p->nRef==0 || p->id==SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE );
369 #endif
370   assert( winMutex_isInit==1 );
371   LeaveCriticalSection(&p->mutex);
372 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
373   if( p->trace ){
374     OSTRACE(("LEAVE-MUTEX tid=%lu, mutex=%p (%d), nRef=%d\n",
375              tid, p, p->trace, p->nRef));
376   }
377 #endif
378 }
379 
380 sqlite3_mutex_methods const *sqlite3DefaultMutex(void){
381   static const sqlite3_mutex_methods sMutex = {
382     winMutexInit,
383     winMutexEnd,
384     winMutexAlloc,
385     winMutexFree,
386     winMutexEnter,
387     winMutexTry,
388     winMutexLeave,
389 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
390     winMutexHeld,
391     winMutexNotheld
392 #else
393     0,
394     0
395 #endif
396   };
397   return &sMutex;
398 }
399 
400 #endif /* SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 */
401