xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/main.c (revision 7c68d60b)
1 /*
2 ** Copyright (c) 1999, 2000 D. Richard Hipp
3 **
4 ** This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 ** modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
6 ** License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
7 ** version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8 **
9 ** This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 ** but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 ** MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
12 ** General Public License for more details.
13 **
14 ** You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
15 ** License along with this library; if not, write to the
16 ** Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
17 ** Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
18 **
19 ** Author contact information:
20 **   [email protected]
21 **   http://www.hwaci.com/drh/
22 **
23 *************************************************************************
24 ** Main file for the SQLite library.  The routines in this file
25 ** implement the programmer interface to the library.  Routines in
26 ** other files are for internal use by SQLite and should not be
27 ** accessed by users of the library.
28 **
29 ** $Id: main.c,v 1.19 2000/10/11 19:28:52 drh Exp $
30 */
31 #include "sqliteInt.h"
32 
33 /*
34 ** This is the callback routine for the code that initializes the
35 ** database.  Each callback contains text of a CREATE TABLE or
36 ** CREATE INDEX statement that must be parsed to yield the internal
37 ** structures that describe the tables.
38 **
39 ** This callback is also called with argc==2 when there is meta
40 ** information in the sqlite_master file.  The meta information is
41 ** contained in argv[1].  Typical meta information is the file format
42 ** version.
43 */
44 static int sqliteOpenCb(void *pDb, int argc, char **argv, char **azColName){
45   sqlite *db = (sqlite*)pDb;
46   Parse sParse;
47   int nErr;
48 
49   if( argc==2 ){
50     if( sscanf(argv[1],"file format %d",&db->file_format)==1 ){
51       return 0;
52     }
53     /* Unknown meta information.  Ignore it. */
54     return 0;
55   }
56   if( argc!=1 ) return 0;
57   memset(&sParse, 0, sizeof(sParse));
58   sParse.db = db;
59   sParse.initFlag = 1;
60   nErr = sqliteRunParser(&sParse, argv[0], 0);
61   return nErr;
62 }
63 
64 /*
65 ** Attempt to read the database schema and initialize internal
66 ** data structures.  Return one of the SQLITE_ error codes to
67 ** indicate success or failure.
68 **
69 ** After the database is initialized, the SQLITE_Initialized
70 ** bit is set in the flags field of the sqlite structure.  An
71 ** attempt is made to initialize the database as soon as it
72 ** is opened.  If that fails (perhaps because another process
73 ** has the sqlite_master table locked) than another attempt
74 ** is made the first time the database is accessed.
75 */
76 static int sqliteInit(sqlite *db, char **pzErrMsg){
77   Vdbe *vdbe;
78   int rc;
79 
80   /*
81   ** The master database table has a structure like this
82   */
83   static char master_schema[] =
84      "CREATE TABLE " MASTER_NAME " (\n"
85      "  type text,\n"
86      "  name text,\n"
87      "  tbl_name text,\n"
88      "  sql text\n"
89      ")"
90   ;
91 
92   /* The following program is used to initialize the internal
93   ** structure holding the tables and indexes of the database.
94   ** The database contains a special table named "sqlite_master"
95   ** defined as follows:
96   **
97   **    CREATE TABLE sqlite_master (
98   **        type       text,    --  Either "table" or "index" or "meta"
99   **        name       text,    --  Name of table or index
100   **        tbl_name   text,    --  Associated table
101   **        sql        text     --  The CREATE statement for this object
102   **    );
103   **
104   ** The sqlite_master table contains a single entry for each table
105   ** and each index.  The "type" column tells whether the entry is
106   ** a table or index.  The "name" column is the name of the object.
107   ** The "tbl_name" is the name of the associated table.  For tables,
108   ** the tbl_name column is always the same as name.  For indices, the
109   ** tbl_name column contains the name of the table that the index
110   ** indexes.  Finally, the "sql" column contains the complete text of
111   ** the CREATE TABLE or CREATE INDEX statement that originally created
112   ** the table or index.
113   **
114   ** If the "type" column has the value "meta", then the "sql" column
115   ** contains extra information about the database, such as the
116   ** file format version number.  All meta information must be processed
117   ** before any tables or indices are constructed.
118   **
119   ** The following program invokes its callback on the SQL for each
120   ** table then goes back and invokes the callback on the
121   ** SQL for each index.  The callback will invoke the
122   ** parser to build the internal representation of the
123   ** database scheme.
124   */
125   static VdbeOp initProg[] = {
126     { OP_Open,     0, 0,  MASTER_NAME},
127     { OP_Next,     0, 9,  0},           /* 1 */
128     { OP_Field,    0, 0,  0},
129     { OP_String,   0, 0,  "meta"},
130     { OP_Ne,       0, 1,  0},
131     { OP_Field,    0, 0,  0},
132     { OP_Field,    0, 3,  0},
133     { OP_Callback, 2, 0,  0},
134     { OP_Goto,     0, 1,  0},
135     { OP_Rewind,   0, 0,  0},           /* 9 */
136     { OP_Next,     0, 17, 0},           /* 10 */
137     { OP_Field,    0, 0,  0},
138     { OP_String,   0, 0,  "table"},
139     { OP_Ne,       0, 10, 0},
140     { OP_Field,    0, 3,  0},
141     { OP_Callback, 1, 0,  0},
142     { OP_Goto,     0, 10, 0},
143     { OP_Rewind,   0, 0,  0},           /* 17 */
144     { OP_Next,     0, 25, 0},           /* 18 */
145     { OP_Field,    0, 0,  0},
146     { OP_String,   0, 0,  "index"},
147     { OP_Ne,       0, 18, 0},
148     { OP_Field,    0, 3,  0},
149     { OP_Callback, 1, 0,  0},
150     { OP_Goto,     0, 18, 0},
151     { OP_Halt,     0, 0,  0},           /* 25 */
152   };
153 
154   /* Create a virtual machine to run the initialization program.  Run
155   ** the program.  The delete the virtual machine.
156   */
157   vdbe = sqliteVdbeCreate(db->pBe);
158   if( vdbe==0 ){
159     sqliteSetString(pzErrMsg, "out of memory",0);
160     return 1;
161   }
162   sqliteVdbeAddOpList(vdbe, sizeof(initProg)/sizeof(initProg[0]), initProg);
163   rc = sqliteVdbeExec(vdbe, sqliteOpenCb, db, pzErrMsg,
164                       db->pBusyArg, db->xBusyCallback);
165   sqliteVdbeDelete(vdbe);
166   if( rc==SQLITE_OK && db->file_format<2 && db->nTable>0 ){
167     sqliteSetString(pzErrMsg, "obsolete file format", 0);
168     rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
169   }
170   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
171     Table *pTab;
172     char *azArg[2];
173     azArg[0] = master_schema;
174     azArg[1] = 0;
175     sqliteOpenCb(db, 1, azArg, 0);
176     pTab = sqliteFindTable(db, MASTER_NAME);
177     if( pTab ){
178       pTab->readOnly = 1;
179     }
180     db->flags |= SQLITE_Initialized;
181   }else{
182     sqliteStrRealloc(pzErrMsg);
183   }
184   return rc;
185 }
186 
187 /*
188 ** The version of the library
189 */
190 const char sqlite_version[] = SQLITE_VERSION;
191 
192 /*
193 ** Open a new SQLite database.  Construct an "sqlite" structure to define
194 ** the state of this database and return a pointer to that structure.
195 **
196 ** An attempt is made to initialize the in-memory data structures that
197 ** hold the database schema.  But if this fails (because the schema file
198 ** is locked) then that step is deferred until the first call to
199 ** sqlite_exec().
200 */
201 sqlite *sqlite_open(const char *zFilename, int mode, char **pzErrMsg){
202   sqlite *db;
203   int rc;
204 
205   /* Allocate the sqlite data structure */
206   db = sqliteMalloc( sizeof(sqlite) );
207   if( pzErrMsg ) *pzErrMsg = 0;
208   if( db==0 ){
209     sqliteSetString(pzErrMsg, "out of memory", 0);
210     sqliteStrRealloc(pzErrMsg);
211     return 0;
212   }
213 
214   /* Open the backend database driver */
215   db->pBe = sqliteDbbeOpen(zFilename, (mode&0222)!=0, mode!=0, pzErrMsg);
216   if( db->pBe==0 ){
217     sqliteStrRealloc(pzErrMsg);
218     sqliteFree(db);
219     return 0;
220   }
221 
222   /* Assume file format 1 unless the database says otherwise */
223   db->file_format = 1;
224 
225   /* Attempt to read the schema */
226   rc = sqliteInit(db, pzErrMsg);
227   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK && rc!=SQLITE_BUSY ){
228     sqlite_close(db);
229     return 0;
230   }else{
231     free(*pzErrMsg);
232     *pzErrMsg = 0;
233   }
234   return db;
235 }
236 
237 /*
238 ** Close an existing SQLite database
239 */
240 void sqlite_close(sqlite *db){
241   int i;
242   sqliteDbbeClose(db->pBe);
243   for(i=0; i<N_HASH; i++){
244     Table *pNext, *pList = db->apTblHash[i];
245     db->apTblHash[i] = 0;
246     while( pList ){
247       pNext = pList->pHash;
248       pList->pHash = 0;
249       sqliteDeleteTable(db, pList);
250       pList = pNext;
251     }
252   }
253   sqliteFree(db);
254 }
255 
256 /*
257 ** Return TRUE if the given SQL string ends in a semicolon.
258 */
259 int sqlite_complete(const char *zSql){
260   int i;
261   int lastWasSemi = 0;
262 
263   i = 0;
264   while( i>=0 && zSql[i]!=0 ){
265     int tokenType;
266     int n;
267 
268     n = sqliteGetToken(&zSql[i], &tokenType);
269     switch( tokenType ){
270       case TK_SPACE:
271       case TK_COMMENT:
272         break;
273       case TK_SEMI:
274         lastWasSemi = 1;
275         break;
276       default:
277         lastWasSemi = 0;
278         break;
279     }
280     i += n;
281   }
282   return lastWasSemi;
283 }
284 
285 /*
286 ** Execute SQL code.  Return one of the SQLITE_ success/failure
287 ** codes.  Also write an error message into memory obtained from
288 ** malloc() and make *pzErrMsg point to that message.
289 **
290 ** If the SQL is a query, then for each row in the query result
291 ** the xCallback() function is called.  pArg becomes the first
292 ** argument to xCallback().  If xCallback=NULL then no callback
293 ** is invoked, even for queries.
294 */
295 int sqlite_exec(
296   sqlite *db,                 /* The database on which the SQL executes */
297   char *zSql,                 /* The SQL to be executed */
298   sqlite_callback xCallback,  /* Invoke this callback routine */
299   void *pArg,                 /* First argument to xCallback() */
300   char **pzErrMsg             /* Write error messages here */
301 ){
302   Parse sParse;
303   int rc;
304 
305   if( pzErrMsg ) *pzErrMsg = 0;
306   if( (db->flags & SQLITE_Initialized)==0 ){
307     int rc = sqliteInit(db, pzErrMsg);
308     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
309   }
310   memset(&sParse, 0, sizeof(sParse));
311   sParse.db = db;
312   sParse.xCallback = xCallback;
313   sParse.pArg = pArg;
314   rc = sqliteRunParser(&sParse, zSql, pzErrMsg);
315   sqliteStrRealloc(pzErrMsg);
316   return rc;
317 }
318 
319 /*
320 ** This routine implements a busy callback that sleeps and tries
321 ** again until a timeout value is reached.  The timeout value is
322 ** an integer number of milliseconds passed in as the first
323 ** argument.
324 */
325 static int sqlite_default_busy_callback(
326  void *Timeout,           /* Maximum amount of time to wait */
327  const char *NotUsed,     /* The name of the table that is busy */
328  int count                /* Number of times table has been busy */
329 ){
330 #if defined(HAVE_USLEEP) && HAVE_USLEEP
331   int delay = 10000;
332   int prior_delay = 0;
333   int timeout = (int)Timeout;
334   int i;
335 
336   for(i=1; i<count; i++){
337     prior_delay += delay;
338     delay = delay*2;
339     if( delay>=1000000 ){
340       delay = 1000000;
341       prior_delay += 1000000*(count - i - 1);
342       break;
343     }
344   }
345   if( prior_delay + delay > timeout*1000 ){
346     delay = timeout*1000 - prior_delay;
347     if( delay<=0 ) return 0;
348   }
349   usleep(delay);
350   return 1;
351 #else
352   int timeout = (int)Timeout;
353   if( (count+1)*1000 > timeout ){
354     return 0;
355   }
356   sleep(1);
357   return 1;
358 #endif
359 }
360 
361 /*
362 ** This routine sets the busy callback for an Sqlite database to the
363 ** given callback function with the given argument.
364 */
365 void sqlite_busy_handler(
366   sqlite *db,
367   int (*xBusy)(void*,const char*,int),
368   void *pArg
369 ){
370   db->xBusyCallback = xBusy;
371   db->pBusyArg = pArg;
372 }
373 
374 /*
375 ** This routine installs a default busy handler that waits for the
376 ** specified number of milliseconds before returning 0.
377 */
378 void sqlite_busy_timeout(sqlite *db, int ms){
379   if( ms>0 ){
380     sqlite_busy_handler(db, sqlite_default_busy_callback, (void*)ms);
381   }else{
382     sqlite_busy_handler(db, 0, 0);
383   }
384 }
385