xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/hash.c (revision 7aa3ebee)
1 /*
2 ** 2001 September 22
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This is the implementation of generic hash-tables
13 ** used in SQLite.
14 */
15 #include "sqliteInt.h"
16 #include <assert.h>
17 
18 /* Turn bulk memory into a hash table object by initializing the
19 ** fields of the Hash structure.
20 **
21 ** "pNew" is a pointer to the hash table that is to be initialized.
22 */
23 void sqlite3HashInit(Hash *pNew){
24   assert( pNew!=0 );
25   pNew->first = 0;
26   pNew->count = 0;
27   pNew->htsize = 0;
28   pNew->ht = 0;
29 }
30 
31 /* Remove all entries from a hash table.  Reclaim all memory.
32 ** Call this routine to delete a hash table or to reset a hash table
33 ** to the empty state.
34 */
35 void sqlite3HashClear(Hash *pH){
36   HashElem *elem;         /* For looping over all elements of the table */
37 
38   assert( pH!=0 );
39   elem = pH->first;
40   pH->first = 0;
41   sqlite3_free(pH->ht);
42   pH->ht = 0;
43   pH->htsize = 0;
44   while( elem ){
45     HashElem *next_elem = elem->next;
46     sqlite3_free(elem);
47     elem = next_elem;
48   }
49   pH->count = 0;
50 }
51 
52 /*
53 ** The hashing function.
54 */
55 static unsigned int strHash(const char *z){
56   unsigned int h = 0;
57   unsigned char c;
58   while( (c = (unsigned char)*z++)!=0 ){
59     h = (h<<3) ^ h ^ sqlite3UpperToLower[c];
60   }
61   return h;
62 }
63 
64 
65 /* Link pNew element into the hash table pH.  If pEntry!=0 then also
66 ** insert pNew into the pEntry hash bucket.
67 */
68 static void insertElement(
69   Hash *pH,              /* The complete hash table */
70   struct _ht *pEntry,    /* The entry into which pNew is inserted */
71   HashElem *pNew         /* The element to be inserted */
72 ){
73   HashElem *pHead;       /* First element already in pEntry */
74   if( pEntry ){
75     pHead = pEntry->count ? pEntry->chain : 0;
76     pEntry->count++;
77     pEntry->chain = pNew;
78   }else{
79     pHead = 0;
80   }
81   if( pHead ){
82     pNew->next = pHead;
83     pNew->prev = pHead->prev;
84     if( pHead->prev ){ pHead->prev->next = pNew; }
85     else             { pH->first = pNew; }
86     pHead->prev = pNew;
87   }else{
88     pNew->next = pH->first;
89     if( pH->first ){ pH->first->prev = pNew; }
90     pNew->prev = 0;
91     pH->first = pNew;
92   }
93 }
94 
95 
96 /* Resize the hash table so that it cantains "new_size" buckets.
97 **
98 ** The hash table might fail to resize if sqlite3_malloc() fails or
99 ** if the new size is the same as the prior size.
100 ** Return TRUE if the resize occurs and false if not.
101 */
102 static int rehash(Hash *pH, unsigned int new_size){
103   struct _ht *new_ht;            /* The new hash table */
104   HashElem *elem, *next_elem;    /* For looping over existing elements */
105 
106 #if SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT>0
107   if( new_size*sizeof(struct _ht)>SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT ){
108     new_size = SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT/sizeof(struct _ht);
109   }
110   if( new_size==pH->htsize ) return 0;
111 #endif
112 
113   /* The inability to allocates space for a larger hash table is
114   ** a performance hit but it is not a fatal error.  So mark the
115   ** allocation as a benign. Use sqlite3Malloc()/memset(0) instead of
116   ** sqlite3MallocZero() to make the allocation, as sqlite3MallocZero()
117   ** only zeroes the requested number of bytes whereas this module will
118   ** use the actual amount of space allocated for the hash table (which
119   ** may be larger than the requested amount).
120   */
121   sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc();
122   new_ht = (struct _ht *)sqlite3Malloc( new_size*sizeof(struct _ht) );
123   sqlite3EndBenignMalloc();
124 
125   if( new_ht==0 ) return 0;
126   sqlite3_free(pH->ht);
127   pH->ht = new_ht;
128   pH->htsize = new_size = sqlite3MallocSize(new_ht)/sizeof(struct _ht);
129   memset(new_ht, 0, new_size*sizeof(struct _ht));
130   for(elem=pH->first, pH->first=0; elem; elem = next_elem){
131     unsigned int h = strHash(elem->pKey) % new_size;
132     next_elem = elem->next;
133     insertElement(pH, &new_ht[h], elem);
134   }
135   return 1;
136 }
137 
138 /* This function (for internal use only) locates an element in an
139 ** hash table that matches the given key.  The hash for this key is
140 ** also computed and returned in the *pH parameter.
141 */
142 static HashElem *findElementWithHash(
143   const Hash *pH,     /* The pH to be searched */
144   const char *pKey,   /* The key we are searching for */
145   unsigned int *pHash /* Write the hash value here */
146 ){
147   HashElem *elem;                /* Used to loop thru the element list */
148   int count;                     /* Number of elements left to test */
149   unsigned int h;                /* The computed hash */
150 
151   if( pH->ht ){
152     struct _ht *pEntry;
153     h = strHash(pKey) % pH->htsize;
154     pEntry = &pH->ht[h];
155     elem = pEntry->chain;
156     count = pEntry->count;
157   }else{
158     h = 0;
159     elem = pH->first;
160     count = pH->count;
161   }
162   *pHash = h;
163   while( count-- ){
164     assert( elem!=0 );
165     if( sqlite3StrICmp(elem->pKey,pKey)==0 ){
166       return elem;
167     }
168     elem = elem->next;
169   }
170   return 0;
171 }
172 
173 /* Remove a single entry from the hash table given a pointer to that
174 ** element and a hash on the element's key.
175 */
176 static void removeElementGivenHash(
177   Hash *pH,         /* The pH containing "elem" */
178   HashElem* elem,   /* The element to be removed from the pH */
179   unsigned int h    /* Hash value for the element */
180 ){
181   struct _ht *pEntry;
182   if( elem->prev ){
183     elem->prev->next = elem->next;
184   }else{
185     pH->first = elem->next;
186   }
187   if( elem->next ){
188     elem->next->prev = elem->prev;
189   }
190   if( pH->ht ){
191     pEntry = &pH->ht[h];
192     if( pEntry->chain==elem ){
193       pEntry->chain = elem->next;
194     }
195     pEntry->count--;
196     assert( pEntry->count>=0 );
197   }
198   sqlite3_free( elem );
199   pH->count--;
200   if( pH->count==0 ){
201     assert( pH->first==0 );
202     assert( pH->count==0 );
203     sqlite3HashClear(pH);
204   }
205 }
206 
207 /* Attempt to locate an element of the hash table pH with a key
208 ** that matches pKey.  Return the data for this element if it is
209 ** found, or NULL if there is no match.
210 */
211 void *sqlite3HashFind(const Hash *pH, const char *pKey){
212   HashElem *elem;    /* The element that matches key */
213   unsigned int h;    /* A hash on key */
214 
215   assert( pH!=0 );
216   assert( pKey!=0 );
217   elem = findElementWithHash(pH, pKey, &h);
218   return elem ? elem->data : 0;
219 }
220 
221 /* Insert an element into the hash table pH.  The key is pKey
222 ** and the data is "data".
223 **
224 ** If no element exists with a matching key, then a new
225 ** element is created and NULL is returned.
226 **
227 ** If another element already exists with the same key, then the
228 ** new data replaces the old data and the old data is returned.
229 ** The key is not copied in this instance.  If a malloc fails, then
230 ** the new data is returned and the hash table is unchanged.
231 **
232 ** If the "data" parameter to this function is NULL, then the
233 ** element corresponding to "key" is removed from the hash table.
234 */
235 void *sqlite3HashInsert(Hash *pH, const char *pKey, void *data){
236   unsigned int h;       /* the hash of the key modulo hash table size */
237   HashElem *elem;       /* Used to loop thru the element list */
238   HashElem *new_elem;   /* New element added to the pH */
239 
240   assert( pH!=0 );
241   assert( pKey!=0 );
242   elem = findElementWithHash(pH,pKey,&h);
243   if( elem ){
244     void *old_data = elem->data;
245     if( data==0 ){
246       removeElementGivenHash(pH,elem,h);
247     }else{
248       elem->data = data;
249       elem->pKey = pKey;
250     }
251     return old_data;
252   }
253   if( data==0 ) return 0;
254   new_elem = (HashElem*)sqlite3Malloc( sizeof(HashElem) );
255   if( new_elem==0 ) return data;
256   new_elem->pKey = pKey;
257   new_elem->data = data;
258   pH->count++;
259   if( pH->count>=10 && pH->count > 2*pH->htsize ){
260     if( rehash(pH, pH->count*2) ){
261       assert( pH->htsize>0 );
262       h = strHash(pKey) % pH->htsize;
263     }
264   }
265   insertElement(pH, pH->ht ? &pH->ht[h] : 0, new_elem);
266   return 0;
267 }
268