xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/btree.h (revision dfe4e6bb)
1 /*
2 ** 2001 September 15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This header file defines the interface that the sqlite B-Tree file
13 ** subsystem.  See comments in the source code for a detailed description
14 ** of what each interface routine does.
15 */
16 #ifndef SQLITE_BTREE_H
17 #define SQLITE_BTREE_H
18 
19 /* TODO: This definition is just included so other modules compile. It
20 ** needs to be revisited.
21 */
22 #define SQLITE_N_BTREE_META 16
23 
24 /*
25 ** If defined as non-zero, auto-vacuum is enabled by default. Otherwise
26 ** it must be turned on for each database using "PRAGMA auto_vacuum = 1".
27 */
28 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_AUTOVACUUM
29   #define SQLITE_DEFAULT_AUTOVACUUM 0
30 #endif
31 
32 #define BTREE_AUTOVACUUM_NONE 0        /* Do not do auto-vacuum */
33 #define BTREE_AUTOVACUUM_FULL 1        /* Do full auto-vacuum */
34 #define BTREE_AUTOVACUUM_INCR 2        /* Incremental vacuum */
35 
36 /*
37 ** Forward declarations of structure
38 */
39 typedef struct Btree Btree;
40 typedef struct BtCursor BtCursor;
41 typedef struct BtShared BtShared;
42 typedef struct BtreePayload BtreePayload;
43 
44 
45 int sqlite3BtreeOpen(
46   sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,       /* VFS to use with this b-tree */
47   const char *zFilename,   /* Name of database file to open */
48   sqlite3 *db,             /* Associated database connection */
49   Btree **ppBtree,         /* Return open Btree* here */
50   int flags,               /* Flags */
51   int vfsFlags             /* Flags passed through to VFS open */
52 );
53 
54 /* The flags parameter to sqlite3BtreeOpen can be the bitwise or of the
55 ** following values.
56 **
57 ** NOTE:  These values must match the corresponding PAGER_ values in
58 ** pager.h.
59 */
60 #define BTREE_OMIT_JOURNAL  1  /* Do not create or use a rollback journal */
61 #define BTREE_MEMORY        2  /* This is an in-memory DB */
62 #define BTREE_SINGLE        4  /* The file contains at most 1 b-tree */
63 #define BTREE_UNORDERED     8  /* Use of a hash implementation is OK */
64 
65 int sqlite3BtreeClose(Btree*);
66 int sqlite3BtreeSetCacheSize(Btree*,int);
67 int sqlite3BtreeSetSpillSize(Btree*,int);
68 #if SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0
69   int sqlite3BtreeSetMmapLimit(Btree*,sqlite3_int64);
70 #endif
71 int sqlite3BtreeSetPagerFlags(Btree*,unsigned);
72 int sqlite3BtreeSetPageSize(Btree *p, int nPagesize, int nReserve, int eFix);
73 int sqlite3BtreeGetPageSize(Btree*);
74 int sqlite3BtreeMaxPageCount(Btree*,int);
75 u32 sqlite3BtreeLastPage(Btree*);
76 int sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(Btree*,int);
77 int sqlite3BtreeGetOptimalReserve(Btree*);
78 int sqlite3BtreeGetReserveNoMutex(Btree *p);
79 int sqlite3BtreeSetAutoVacuum(Btree *, int);
80 int sqlite3BtreeGetAutoVacuum(Btree *);
81 int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree*,int);
82 int sqlite3BtreeCommitPhaseOne(Btree*, const char *zMaster);
83 int sqlite3BtreeCommitPhaseTwo(Btree*, int);
84 int sqlite3BtreeCommit(Btree*);
85 int sqlite3BtreeRollback(Btree*,int,int);
86 int sqlite3BtreeBeginStmt(Btree*,int);
87 int sqlite3BtreeCreateTable(Btree*, int*, int flags);
88 int sqlite3BtreeIsInTrans(Btree*);
89 int sqlite3BtreeIsInReadTrans(Btree*);
90 int sqlite3BtreeIsInBackup(Btree*);
91 void *sqlite3BtreeSchema(Btree *, int, void(*)(void *));
92 int sqlite3BtreeSchemaLocked(Btree *pBtree);
93 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
94 int sqlite3BtreeLockTable(Btree *pBtree, int iTab, u8 isWriteLock);
95 #endif
96 int sqlite3BtreeSavepoint(Btree *, int, int);
97 
98 const char *sqlite3BtreeGetFilename(Btree *);
99 const char *sqlite3BtreeGetJournalname(Btree *);
100 int sqlite3BtreeCopyFile(Btree *, Btree *);
101 
102 int sqlite3BtreeIncrVacuum(Btree *);
103 
104 /* The flags parameter to sqlite3BtreeCreateTable can be the bitwise OR
105 ** of the flags shown below.
106 **
107 ** Every SQLite table must have either BTREE_INTKEY or BTREE_BLOBKEY set.
108 ** With BTREE_INTKEY, the table key is a 64-bit integer and arbitrary data
109 ** is stored in the leaves.  (BTREE_INTKEY is used for SQL tables.)  With
110 ** BTREE_BLOBKEY, the key is an arbitrary BLOB and no content is stored
111 ** anywhere - the key is the content.  (BTREE_BLOBKEY is used for SQL
112 ** indices.)
113 */
114 #define BTREE_INTKEY     1    /* Table has only 64-bit signed integer keys */
115 #define BTREE_BLOBKEY    2    /* Table has keys only - no data */
116 
117 int sqlite3BtreeDropTable(Btree*, int, int*);
118 int sqlite3BtreeClearTable(Btree*, int, int*);
119 int sqlite3BtreeClearTableOfCursor(BtCursor*);
120 int sqlite3BtreeTripAllCursors(Btree*, int, int);
121 
122 void sqlite3BtreeGetMeta(Btree *pBtree, int idx, u32 *pValue);
123 int sqlite3BtreeUpdateMeta(Btree*, int idx, u32 value);
124 
125 int sqlite3BtreeNewDb(Btree *p);
126 
127 /*
128 ** The second parameter to sqlite3BtreeGetMeta or sqlite3BtreeUpdateMeta
129 ** should be one of the following values. The integer values are assigned
130 ** to constants so that the offset of the corresponding field in an
131 ** SQLite database header may be found using the following formula:
132 **
133 **   offset = 36 + (idx * 4)
134 **
135 ** For example, the free-page-count field is located at byte offset 36 of
136 ** the database file header. The incr-vacuum-flag field is located at
137 ** byte offset 64 (== 36+4*7).
138 **
139 ** The BTREE_DATA_VERSION value is not really a value stored in the header.
140 ** It is a read-only number computed by the pager.  But we merge it with
141 ** the header value access routines since its access pattern is the same.
142 ** Call it a "virtual meta value".
143 */
144 #define BTREE_FREE_PAGE_COUNT     0
145 #define BTREE_SCHEMA_VERSION      1
146 #define BTREE_FILE_FORMAT         2
147 #define BTREE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE  3
148 #define BTREE_LARGEST_ROOT_PAGE   4
149 #define BTREE_TEXT_ENCODING       5
150 #define BTREE_USER_VERSION        6
151 #define BTREE_INCR_VACUUM         7
152 #define BTREE_APPLICATION_ID      8
153 #define BTREE_DATA_VERSION        15  /* A virtual meta-value */
154 
155 /*
156 ** Kinds of hints that can be passed into the sqlite3BtreeCursorHint()
157 ** interface.
158 **
159 ** BTREE_HINT_RANGE  (arguments: Expr*, Mem*)
160 **
161 **     The first argument is an Expr* (which is guaranteed to be constant for
162 **     the lifetime of the cursor) that defines constraints on which rows
163 **     might be fetched with this cursor.  The Expr* tree may contain
164 **     TK_REGISTER nodes that refer to values stored in the array of registers
165 **     passed as the second parameter.  In other words, if Expr.op==TK_REGISTER
166 **     then the value of the node is the value in Mem[pExpr.iTable].  Any
167 **     TK_COLUMN node in the expression tree refers to the Expr.iColumn-th
168 **     column of the b-tree of the cursor.  The Expr tree will not contain
169 **     any function calls nor subqueries nor references to b-trees other than
170 **     the cursor being hinted.
171 **
172 **     The design of the _RANGE hint is aid b-tree implementations that try
173 **     to prefetch content from remote machines - to provide those
174 **     implementations with limits on what needs to be prefetched and thereby
175 **     reduce network bandwidth.
176 **
177 ** Note that BTREE_HINT_FLAGS with BTREE_BULKLOAD is the only hint used by
178 ** standard SQLite.  The other hints are provided for extentions that use
179 ** the SQLite parser and code generator but substitute their own storage
180 ** engine.
181 */
182 #define BTREE_HINT_RANGE 0       /* Range constraints on queries */
183 
184 /*
185 ** Values that may be OR'd together to form the argument to the
186 ** BTREE_HINT_FLAGS hint for sqlite3BtreeCursorHint():
187 **
188 ** The BTREE_BULKLOAD flag is set on index cursors when the index is going
189 ** to be filled with content that is already in sorted order.
190 **
191 ** The BTREE_SEEK_EQ flag is set on cursors that will get OP_SeekGE or
192 ** OP_SeekLE opcodes for a range search, but where the range of entries
193 ** selected will all have the same key.  In other words, the cursor will
194 ** be used only for equality key searches.
195 **
196 */
197 #define BTREE_BULKLOAD 0x00000001  /* Used to full index in sorted order */
198 #define BTREE_SEEK_EQ  0x00000002  /* EQ seeks only - no range seeks */
199 
200 /*
201 ** Flags passed as the third argument to sqlite3BtreeCursor().
202 **
203 ** For read-only cursors the wrFlag argument is always zero. For read-write
204 ** cursors it may be set to either (BTREE_WRCSR|BTREE_FORDELETE) or just
205 ** (BTREE_WRCSR). If the BTREE_FORDELETE bit is set, then the cursor will
206 ** only be used by SQLite for the following:
207 **
208 **   * to seek to and then delete specific entries, and/or
209 **
210 **   * to read values that will be used to create keys that other
211 **     BTREE_FORDELETE cursors will seek to and delete.
212 **
213 ** The BTREE_FORDELETE flag is an optimization hint.  It is not used by
214 ** by this, the native b-tree engine of SQLite, but it is available to
215 ** alternative storage engines that might be substituted in place of this
216 ** b-tree system.  For alternative storage engines in which a delete of
217 ** the main table row automatically deletes corresponding index rows,
218 ** the FORDELETE flag hint allows those alternative storage engines to
219 ** skip a lot of work.  Namely:  FORDELETE cursors may treat all SEEK
220 ** and DELETE operations as no-ops, and any READ operation against a
221 ** FORDELETE cursor may return a null row: 0x01 0x00.
222 */
223 #define BTREE_WRCSR     0x00000004     /* read-write cursor */
224 #define BTREE_FORDELETE 0x00000008     /* Cursor is for seek/delete only */
225 
226 int sqlite3BtreeCursor(
227   Btree*,                              /* BTree containing table to open */
228   int iTable,                          /* Index of root page */
229   int wrFlag,                          /* 1 for writing.  0 for read-only */
230   struct KeyInfo*,                     /* First argument to compare function */
231   BtCursor *pCursor                    /* Space to write cursor structure */
232 );
233 int sqlite3BtreeCursorSize(void);
234 void sqlite3BtreeCursorZero(BtCursor*);
235 void sqlite3BtreeCursorHintFlags(BtCursor*, unsigned);
236 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CURSOR_HINTS
237 void sqlite3BtreeCursorHint(BtCursor*, int, ...);
238 #endif
239 
240 int sqlite3BtreeCloseCursor(BtCursor*);
241 int sqlite3BtreeMovetoUnpacked(
242   BtCursor*,
243   UnpackedRecord *pUnKey,
244   i64 intKey,
245   int bias,
246   int *pRes
247 );
248 int sqlite3BtreeCursorHasMoved(BtCursor*);
249 int sqlite3BtreeCursorRestore(BtCursor*, int*);
250 int sqlite3BtreeDelete(BtCursor*, u8 flags);
251 
252 /* Allowed flags for the 2nd argument to sqlite3BtreeDelete() */
253 #define BTREE_SAVEPOSITION 0x02  /* Leave cursor pointing at NEXT or PREV */
254 #define BTREE_AUXDELETE    0x04  /* not the primary delete operation */
255 
256 /* An instance of the BtreePayload object describes the content of a single
257 ** entry in either an index or table btree.
258 **
259 ** Index btrees (used for indexes and also WITHOUT ROWID tables) contain
260 ** an arbitrary key and no data.  These btrees have pKey,nKey set to their
261 ** key and pData,nData,nZero set to zero.
262 **
263 ** Table btrees (used for rowid tables) contain an integer rowid used as
264 ** the key and passed in the nKey field.  The pKey field is zero.
265 ** pData,nData hold the content of the new entry.  nZero extra zero bytes
266 ** are appended to the end of the content when constructing the entry.
267 **
268 ** This object is used to pass information into sqlite3BtreeInsert().  The
269 ** same information used to be passed as five separate parameters.  But placing
270 ** the information into this object helps to keep the interface more
271 ** organized and understandable, and it also helps the resulting code to
272 ** run a little faster by using fewer registers for parameter passing.
273 */
274 struct BtreePayload {
275   const void *pKey;       /* Key content for indexes.  NULL for tables */
276   sqlite3_int64 nKey;     /* Size of pKey for indexes.  PRIMARY KEY for tabs */
277   const void *pData;      /* Data for tables.  NULL for indexes */
278   int nData;              /* Size of pData.  0 if none. */
279   int nZero;              /* Extra zero data appended after pData,nData */
280 };
281 
282 int sqlite3BtreeInsert(BtCursor*, const BtreePayload *pPayload,
283                        int bias, int seekResult);
284 int sqlite3BtreeFirst(BtCursor*, int *pRes);
285 int sqlite3BtreeLast(BtCursor*, int *pRes);
286 int sqlite3BtreeNext(BtCursor*, int *pRes);
287 int sqlite3BtreeEof(BtCursor*);
288 int sqlite3BtreePrevious(BtCursor*, int *pRes);
289 i64 sqlite3BtreeIntegerKey(BtCursor*);
290 int sqlite3BtreeKey(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
291 const void *sqlite3BtreePayloadFetch(BtCursor*, u32 *pAmt);
292 u32 sqlite3BtreePayloadSize(BtCursor*);
293 int sqlite3BtreeData(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
294 
295 char *sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(Btree*, int *aRoot, int nRoot, int, int*);
296 struct Pager *sqlite3BtreePager(Btree*);
297 
298 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
299 int sqlite3BtreePutData(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
300 void sqlite3BtreeIncrblobCursor(BtCursor *);
301 #endif
302 void sqlite3BtreeClearCursor(BtCursor *);
303 int sqlite3BtreeSetVersion(Btree *pBt, int iVersion);
304 int sqlite3BtreeCursorHasHint(BtCursor*, unsigned int mask);
305 int sqlite3BtreeIsReadonly(Btree *pBt);
306 int sqlite3HeaderSizeBtree(void);
307 
308 #ifndef NDEBUG
309 int sqlite3BtreeCursorIsValid(BtCursor*);
310 #endif
311 
312 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT
313 int sqlite3BtreeCount(BtCursor *, i64 *);
314 #endif
315 
316 #ifdef SQLITE_TEST
317 int sqlite3BtreeCursorInfo(BtCursor*, int*, int);
318 void sqlite3BtreeCursorList(Btree*);
319 #endif
320 
321 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
322   int sqlite3BtreeCheckpoint(Btree*, int, int *, int *);
323 #endif
324 
325 /*
326 ** If we are not using shared cache, then there is no need to
327 ** use mutexes to access the BtShared structures.  So make the
328 ** Enter and Leave procedures no-ops.
329 */
330 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
331   void sqlite3BtreeEnter(Btree*);
332   void sqlite3BtreeEnterAll(sqlite3*);
333   int sqlite3BtreeSharable(Btree*);
334   void sqlite3BtreeEnterCursor(BtCursor*);
335   int sqlite3BtreeConnectionCount(Btree*);
336 #else
337 # define sqlite3BtreeEnter(X)
338 # define sqlite3BtreeEnterAll(X)
339 # define sqlite3BtreeSharable(X) 0
340 # define sqlite3BtreeEnterCursor(X)
341 # define sqlite3BtreeConnectionCount(X) 1
342 #endif
343 
344 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE) && SQLITE_THREADSAFE
345   void sqlite3BtreeLeave(Btree*);
346   void sqlite3BtreeLeaveCursor(BtCursor*);
347   void sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(sqlite3*);
348 #ifndef NDEBUG
349   /* These routines are used inside assert() statements only. */
350   int sqlite3BtreeHoldsMutex(Btree*);
351   int sqlite3BtreeHoldsAllMutexes(sqlite3*);
352   int sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(sqlite3*,int,Schema*);
353 #endif
354 #else
355 
356 # define sqlite3BtreeLeave(X)
357 # define sqlite3BtreeLeaveCursor(X)
358 # define sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(X)
359 
360 # define sqlite3BtreeHoldsMutex(X) 1
361 # define sqlite3BtreeHoldsAllMutexes(X) 1
362 # define sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(X,Y,Z) 1
363 #endif
364 
365 
366 #endif /* SQLITE_BTREE_H */
367