xref: /sqlite-3.40.0/src/btree.h (revision 37ccfcfe)
1 /*
2 ** 2001 September 15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This header file defines the interface that the sqlite B-Tree file
13 ** subsystem.  See comments in the source code for a detailed description
14 ** of what each interface routine does.
15 */
16 #ifndef SQLITE_BTREE_H
17 #define SQLITE_BTREE_H
18 
19 /* TODO: This definition is just included so other modules compile. It
20 ** needs to be revisited.
21 */
22 #define SQLITE_N_BTREE_META 16
23 
24 /*
25 ** If defined as non-zero, auto-vacuum is enabled by default. Otherwise
26 ** it must be turned on for each database using "PRAGMA auto_vacuum = 1".
27 */
28 #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_AUTOVACUUM
29   #define SQLITE_DEFAULT_AUTOVACUUM 0
30 #endif
31 
32 #define BTREE_AUTOVACUUM_NONE 0        /* Do not do auto-vacuum */
33 #define BTREE_AUTOVACUUM_FULL 1        /* Do full auto-vacuum */
34 #define BTREE_AUTOVACUUM_INCR 2        /* Incremental vacuum */
35 
36 /*
37 ** Forward declarations of structure
38 */
39 typedef struct Btree Btree;
40 typedef struct BtCursor BtCursor;
41 typedef struct BtShared BtShared;
42 typedef struct BtreePayload BtreePayload;
43 
44 
45 int sqlite3BtreeOpen(
46   sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,       /* VFS to use with this b-tree */
47   const char *zFilename,   /* Name of database file to open */
48   sqlite3 *db,             /* Associated database connection */
49   Btree **ppBtree,         /* Return open Btree* here */
50   int flags,               /* Flags */
51   int vfsFlags             /* Flags passed through to VFS open */
52 );
53 
54 /* The flags parameter to sqlite3BtreeOpen can be the bitwise or of the
55 ** following values.
56 **
57 ** NOTE:  These values must match the corresponding PAGER_ values in
58 ** pager.h.
59 */
60 #define BTREE_OMIT_JOURNAL  1  /* Do not create or use a rollback journal */
61 #define BTREE_MEMORY        2  /* This is an in-memory DB */
62 #define BTREE_SINGLE        4  /* The file contains at most 1 b-tree */
63 #define BTREE_UNORDERED     8  /* Use of a hash implementation is OK */
64 
65 int sqlite3BtreeClose(Btree*);
66 int sqlite3BtreeSetCacheSize(Btree*,int);
67 int sqlite3BtreeSetSpillSize(Btree*,int);
68 #if SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0
69   int sqlite3BtreeSetMmapLimit(Btree*,sqlite3_int64);
70 #endif
71 int sqlite3BtreeSetPagerFlags(Btree*,unsigned);
72 int sqlite3BtreeSetPageSize(Btree *p, int nPagesize, int nReserve, int eFix);
73 int sqlite3BtreeGetPageSize(Btree*);
74 Pgno sqlite3BtreeMaxPageCount(Btree*,Pgno);
75 Pgno sqlite3BtreeLastPage(Btree*);
76 int sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(Btree*,int);
77 int sqlite3BtreeGetRequestedReserve(Btree*);
78 int sqlite3BtreeGetReserveNoMutex(Btree *p);
79 int sqlite3BtreeSetAutoVacuum(Btree *, int);
80 int sqlite3BtreeGetAutoVacuum(Btree *);
81 int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree*,int,int*);
82 int sqlite3BtreeCommitPhaseOne(Btree*, const char*);
83 int sqlite3BtreeCommitPhaseTwo(Btree*, int);
84 int sqlite3BtreeCommit(Btree*);
85 int sqlite3BtreeRollback(Btree*,int,int);
86 int sqlite3BtreeBeginStmt(Btree*,int);
87 int sqlite3BtreeCreateTable(Btree*, Pgno*, int flags);
88 int sqlite3BtreeTxnState(Btree*);
89 int sqlite3BtreeIsInBackup(Btree*);
90 void *sqlite3BtreeSchema(Btree *, int, void(*)(void *));
91 int sqlite3BtreeSchemaLocked(Btree *pBtree);
92 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
93 int sqlite3BtreeLockTable(Btree *pBtree, int iTab, u8 isWriteLock);
94 #endif
95 int sqlite3BtreeSavepoint(Btree *, int, int);
96 
97 const char *sqlite3BtreeGetFilename(Btree *);
98 const char *sqlite3BtreeGetJournalname(Btree *);
99 int sqlite3BtreeCopyFile(Btree *, Btree *);
100 
101 int sqlite3BtreeIncrVacuum(Btree *);
102 
103 /* The flags parameter to sqlite3BtreeCreateTable can be the bitwise OR
104 ** of the flags shown below.
105 **
106 ** Every SQLite table must have either BTREE_INTKEY or BTREE_BLOBKEY set.
107 ** With BTREE_INTKEY, the table key is a 64-bit integer and arbitrary data
108 ** is stored in the leaves.  (BTREE_INTKEY is used for SQL tables.)  With
109 ** BTREE_BLOBKEY, the key is an arbitrary BLOB and no content is stored
110 ** anywhere - the key is the content.  (BTREE_BLOBKEY is used for SQL
111 ** indices.)
112 */
113 #define BTREE_INTKEY     1    /* Table has only 64-bit signed integer keys */
114 #define BTREE_BLOBKEY    2    /* Table has keys only - no data */
115 
116 int sqlite3BtreeDropTable(Btree*, int, int*);
117 int sqlite3BtreeClearTable(Btree*, int, int*);
118 int sqlite3BtreeClearTableOfCursor(BtCursor*);
119 int sqlite3BtreeTripAllCursors(Btree*, int, int);
120 
121 void sqlite3BtreeGetMeta(Btree *pBtree, int idx, u32 *pValue);
122 int sqlite3BtreeUpdateMeta(Btree*, int idx, u32 value);
123 
124 int sqlite3BtreeNewDb(Btree *p);
125 
126 /*
127 ** The second parameter to sqlite3BtreeGetMeta or sqlite3BtreeUpdateMeta
128 ** should be one of the following values. The integer values are assigned
129 ** to constants so that the offset of the corresponding field in an
130 ** SQLite database header may be found using the following formula:
131 **
132 **   offset = 36 + (idx * 4)
133 **
134 ** For example, the free-page-count field is located at byte offset 36 of
135 ** the database file header. The incr-vacuum-flag field is located at
136 ** byte offset 64 (== 36+4*7).
137 **
138 ** The BTREE_DATA_VERSION value is not really a value stored in the header.
139 ** It is a read-only number computed by the pager.  But we merge it with
140 ** the header value access routines since its access pattern is the same.
141 ** Call it a "virtual meta value".
142 */
143 #define BTREE_FREE_PAGE_COUNT     0
144 #define BTREE_SCHEMA_VERSION      1
145 #define BTREE_FILE_FORMAT         2
146 #define BTREE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE  3
147 #define BTREE_LARGEST_ROOT_PAGE   4
148 #define BTREE_TEXT_ENCODING       5
149 #define BTREE_USER_VERSION        6
150 #define BTREE_INCR_VACUUM         7
151 #define BTREE_APPLICATION_ID      8
152 #define BTREE_DATA_VERSION        15  /* A virtual meta-value */
153 
154 /*
155 ** Kinds of hints that can be passed into the sqlite3BtreeCursorHint()
156 ** interface.
157 **
158 ** BTREE_HINT_RANGE  (arguments: Expr*, Mem*)
159 **
160 **     The first argument is an Expr* (which is guaranteed to be constant for
161 **     the lifetime of the cursor) that defines constraints on which rows
162 **     might be fetched with this cursor.  The Expr* tree may contain
163 **     TK_REGISTER nodes that refer to values stored in the array of registers
164 **     passed as the second parameter.  In other words, if Expr.op==TK_REGISTER
165 **     then the value of the node is the value in Mem[pExpr.iTable].  Any
166 **     TK_COLUMN node in the expression tree refers to the Expr.iColumn-th
167 **     column of the b-tree of the cursor.  The Expr tree will not contain
168 **     any function calls nor subqueries nor references to b-trees other than
169 **     the cursor being hinted.
170 **
171 **     The design of the _RANGE hint is aid b-tree implementations that try
172 **     to prefetch content from remote machines - to provide those
173 **     implementations with limits on what needs to be prefetched and thereby
174 **     reduce network bandwidth.
175 **
176 ** Note that BTREE_HINT_FLAGS with BTREE_BULKLOAD is the only hint used by
177 ** standard SQLite.  The other hints are provided for extentions that use
178 ** the SQLite parser and code generator but substitute their own storage
179 ** engine.
180 */
181 #define BTREE_HINT_RANGE 0       /* Range constraints on queries */
182 
183 /*
184 ** Values that may be OR'd together to form the argument to the
185 ** BTREE_HINT_FLAGS hint for sqlite3BtreeCursorHint():
186 **
187 ** The BTREE_BULKLOAD flag is set on index cursors when the index is going
188 ** to be filled with content that is already in sorted order.
189 **
190 ** The BTREE_SEEK_EQ flag is set on cursors that will get OP_SeekGE or
191 ** OP_SeekLE opcodes for a range search, but where the range of entries
192 ** selected will all have the same key.  In other words, the cursor will
193 ** be used only for equality key searches.
194 **
195 */
196 #define BTREE_BULKLOAD 0x00000001  /* Used to full index in sorted order */
197 #define BTREE_SEEK_EQ  0x00000002  /* EQ seeks only - no range seeks */
198 
199 /*
200 ** Flags passed as the third argument to sqlite3BtreeCursor().
201 **
202 ** For read-only cursors the wrFlag argument is always zero. For read-write
203 ** cursors it may be set to either (BTREE_WRCSR|BTREE_FORDELETE) or just
204 ** (BTREE_WRCSR). If the BTREE_FORDELETE bit is set, then the cursor will
205 ** only be used by SQLite for the following:
206 **
207 **   * to seek to and then delete specific entries, and/or
208 **
209 **   * to read values that will be used to create keys that other
210 **     BTREE_FORDELETE cursors will seek to and delete.
211 **
212 ** The BTREE_FORDELETE flag is an optimization hint.  It is not used by
213 ** by this, the native b-tree engine of SQLite, but it is available to
214 ** alternative storage engines that might be substituted in place of this
215 ** b-tree system.  For alternative storage engines in which a delete of
216 ** the main table row automatically deletes corresponding index rows,
217 ** the FORDELETE flag hint allows those alternative storage engines to
218 ** skip a lot of work.  Namely:  FORDELETE cursors may treat all SEEK
219 ** and DELETE operations as no-ops, and any READ operation against a
220 ** FORDELETE cursor may return a null row: 0x01 0x00.
221 */
222 #define BTREE_WRCSR     0x00000004     /* read-write cursor */
223 #define BTREE_FORDELETE 0x00000008     /* Cursor is for seek/delete only */
224 
225 int sqlite3BtreeCursor(
226   Btree*,                              /* BTree containing table to open */
227   Pgno iTable,                         /* Index of root page */
228   int wrFlag,                          /* 1 for writing.  0 for read-only */
229   struct KeyInfo*,                     /* First argument to compare function */
230   BtCursor *pCursor                    /* Space to write cursor structure */
231 );
232 BtCursor *sqlite3BtreeFakeValidCursor(void);
233 int sqlite3BtreeCursorSize(void);
234 void sqlite3BtreeCursorZero(BtCursor*);
235 void sqlite3BtreeCursorHintFlags(BtCursor*, unsigned);
236 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CURSOR_HINTS
237 void sqlite3BtreeCursorHint(BtCursor*, int, ...);
238 #endif
239 
240 int sqlite3BtreeCloseCursor(BtCursor*);
241 int sqlite3BtreeMovetoUnpacked(
242   BtCursor*,
243   UnpackedRecord *pUnKey,
244   i64 intKey,
245   int bias,
246   int *pRes
247 );
248 int sqlite3BtreeCursorHasMoved(BtCursor*);
249 int sqlite3BtreeCursorRestore(BtCursor*, int*);
250 int sqlite3BtreeDelete(BtCursor*, u8 flags);
251 
252 /* Allowed flags for sqlite3BtreeDelete() and sqlite3BtreeInsert() */
253 #define BTREE_SAVEPOSITION 0x02  /* Leave cursor pointing at NEXT or PREV */
254 #define BTREE_AUXDELETE    0x04  /* not the primary delete operation */
255 #define BTREE_APPEND       0x08  /* Insert is likely an append */
256 
257 /* An instance of the BtreePayload object describes the content of a single
258 ** entry in either an index or table btree.
259 **
260 ** Index btrees (used for indexes and also WITHOUT ROWID tables) contain
261 ** an arbitrary key and no data.  These btrees have pKey,nKey set to the
262 ** key and the pData,nData,nZero fields are uninitialized.  The aMem,nMem
263 ** fields give an array of Mem objects that are a decomposition of the key.
264 ** The nMem field might be zero, indicating that no decomposition is available.
265 **
266 ** Table btrees (used for rowid tables) contain an integer rowid used as
267 ** the key and passed in the nKey field.  The pKey field is zero.
268 ** pData,nData hold the content of the new entry.  nZero extra zero bytes
269 ** are appended to the end of the content when constructing the entry.
270 ** The aMem,nMem fields are uninitialized for table btrees.
271 **
272 ** Field usage summary:
273 **
274 **               Table BTrees                   Index Btrees
275 **
276 **   pKey        always NULL                    encoded key
277 **   nKey        the ROWID                      length of pKey
278 **   pData       data                           not used
279 **   aMem        not used                       decomposed key value
280 **   nMem        not used                       entries in aMem
281 **   nData       length of pData                not used
282 **   nZero       extra zeros after pData        not used
283 **
284 ** This object is used to pass information into sqlite3BtreeInsert().  The
285 ** same information used to be passed as five separate parameters.  But placing
286 ** the information into this object helps to keep the interface more
287 ** organized and understandable, and it also helps the resulting code to
288 ** run a little faster by using fewer registers for parameter passing.
289 */
290 struct BtreePayload {
291   const void *pKey;       /* Key content for indexes.  NULL for tables */
292   sqlite3_int64 nKey;     /* Size of pKey for indexes.  PRIMARY KEY for tabs */
293   const void *pData;      /* Data for tables. */
294   sqlite3_value *aMem;    /* First of nMem value in the unpacked pKey */
295   u16 nMem;               /* Number of aMem[] value.  Might be zero */
296   int nData;              /* Size of pData.  0 if none. */
297   int nZero;              /* Extra zero data appended after pData,nData */
298 };
299 
300 int sqlite3BtreeInsert(BtCursor*, const BtreePayload *pPayload,
301                        int flags, int seekResult);
302 int sqlite3BtreeFirst(BtCursor*, int *pRes);
303 int sqlite3BtreeLast(BtCursor*, int *pRes);
304 int sqlite3BtreeNext(BtCursor*, int flags);
305 int sqlite3BtreeEof(BtCursor*);
306 int sqlite3BtreePrevious(BtCursor*, int flags);
307 i64 sqlite3BtreeIntegerKey(BtCursor*);
308 void sqlite3BtreeCursorPin(BtCursor*);
309 void sqlite3BtreeCursorUnpin(BtCursor*);
310 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC
311 i64 sqlite3BtreeOffset(BtCursor*);
312 #endif
313 int sqlite3BtreePayload(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
314 const void *sqlite3BtreePayloadFetch(BtCursor*, u32 *pAmt);
315 u32 sqlite3BtreePayloadSize(BtCursor*);
316 sqlite3_int64 sqlite3BtreeMaxRecordSize(BtCursor*);
317 
318 char *sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(sqlite3*,Btree*,Pgno*aRoot,int nRoot,int,int*);
319 struct Pager *sqlite3BtreePager(Btree*);
320 i64 sqlite3BtreeRowCountEst(BtCursor*);
321 
322 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
323 int sqlite3BtreePayloadChecked(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
324 int sqlite3BtreePutData(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
325 void sqlite3BtreeIncrblobCursor(BtCursor *);
326 #endif
327 void sqlite3BtreeClearCursor(BtCursor *);
328 int sqlite3BtreeSetVersion(Btree *pBt, int iVersion);
329 int sqlite3BtreeCursorHasHint(BtCursor*, unsigned int mask);
330 int sqlite3BtreeIsReadonly(Btree *pBt);
331 int sqlite3HeaderSizeBtree(void);
332 
333 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
334 sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3BtreeSeekCount(Btree*);
335 #else
336 # define sqlite3BtreeSeekCount(X) 0
337 #endif
338 
339 #ifndef NDEBUG
340 int sqlite3BtreeCursorIsValid(BtCursor*);
341 #endif
342 int sqlite3BtreeCursorIsValidNN(BtCursor*);
343 
344 int sqlite3BtreeCount(sqlite3*, BtCursor*, i64*);
345 
346 #ifdef SQLITE_TEST
347 int sqlite3BtreeCursorInfo(BtCursor*, int*, int);
348 void sqlite3BtreeCursorList(Btree*);
349 #endif
350 
351 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
352   int sqlite3BtreeCheckpoint(Btree*, int, int *, int *);
353 #endif
354 
355 /*
356 ** If we are not using shared cache, then there is no need to
357 ** use mutexes to access the BtShared structures.  So make the
358 ** Enter and Leave procedures no-ops.
359 */
360 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
361   void sqlite3BtreeEnter(Btree*);
362   void sqlite3BtreeEnterAll(sqlite3*);
363   int sqlite3BtreeSharable(Btree*);
364   void sqlite3BtreeEnterCursor(BtCursor*);
365   int sqlite3BtreeConnectionCount(Btree*);
366 #else
367 # define sqlite3BtreeEnter(X)
368 # define sqlite3BtreeEnterAll(X)
369 # define sqlite3BtreeSharable(X) 0
370 # define sqlite3BtreeEnterCursor(X)
371 # define sqlite3BtreeConnectionCount(X) 1
372 #endif
373 
374 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE) && SQLITE_THREADSAFE
375   void sqlite3BtreeLeave(Btree*);
376   void sqlite3BtreeLeaveCursor(BtCursor*);
377   void sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(sqlite3*);
378 #ifndef NDEBUG
379   /* These routines are used inside assert() statements only. */
380   int sqlite3BtreeHoldsMutex(Btree*);
381   int sqlite3BtreeHoldsAllMutexes(sqlite3*);
382   int sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(sqlite3*,int,Schema*);
383 #endif
384 #else
385 
386 # define sqlite3BtreeLeave(X)
387 # define sqlite3BtreeLeaveCursor(X)
388 # define sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(X)
389 
390 # define sqlite3BtreeHoldsMutex(X) 1
391 # define sqlite3BtreeHoldsAllMutexes(X) 1
392 # define sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(X,Y,Z) 1
393 #endif
394 
395 
396 #endif /* SQLITE_BTREE_H */
397