1d86ed7fbStbbdev /*
2*b15aabb3Stbbdev     Copyright (c) 2005-2021 Intel Corporation
3d86ed7fbStbbdev 
4d86ed7fbStbbdev     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5d86ed7fbStbbdev     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6d86ed7fbStbbdev     You may obtain a copy of the License at
7d86ed7fbStbbdev 
8d86ed7fbStbbdev         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9d86ed7fbStbbdev 
10d86ed7fbStbbdev     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11d86ed7fbStbbdev     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12d86ed7fbStbbdev     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13d86ed7fbStbbdev     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14d86ed7fbStbbdev     limitations under the License.
15d86ed7fbStbbdev */
16d86ed7fbStbbdev 
17d86ed7fbStbbdev /*
18d86ed7fbStbbdev     The original source for this example is
19d86ed7fbStbbdev     Copyright (c) 1994-2008 John E. Stone
20d86ed7fbStbbdev     All rights reserved.
21d86ed7fbStbbdev 
22d86ed7fbStbbdev     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
23d86ed7fbStbbdev     modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
24d86ed7fbStbbdev     are met:
25d86ed7fbStbbdev     1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
26d86ed7fbStbbdev        notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
27d86ed7fbStbbdev     2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
28d86ed7fbStbbdev        notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
29d86ed7fbStbbdev        documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
30d86ed7fbStbbdev     3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
31d86ed7fbStbbdev        derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
32d86ed7fbStbbdev 
33d86ed7fbStbbdev     THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
34d86ed7fbStbbdev     OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
35d86ed7fbStbbdev     WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
36d86ed7fbStbbdev     ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY
37d86ed7fbStbbdev     DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
38d86ed7fbStbbdev     DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
39d86ed7fbStbbdev     OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
40d86ed7fbStbbdev     HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
41d86ed7fbStbbdev     LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
42d86ed7fbStbbdev     OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
43d86ed7fbStbbdev     SUCH DAMAGE.
44d86ed7fbStbbdev */
45d86ed7fbStbbdev 
46d86ed7fbStbbdev /*
47d86ed7fbStbbdev  * vol.cpp - Volume rendering helper routines etc.
48d86ed7fbStbbdev  */
49d86ed7fbStbbdev 
50d86ed7fbStbbdev #include <cstdio>
51d86ed7fbStbbdev 
52d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "machine.hpp"
53d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "types.hpp"
54d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "macros.hpp"
55d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "vector.hpp"
56d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "util.hpp"
57d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "vol.hpp"
58d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "box.hpp"
59d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "trace.hpp"
60d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "ui.hpp"
61d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "light.hpp"
62d86ed7fbStbbdev #include "shade.hpp"
63d86ed7fbStbbdev 
scalarvol_bbox(void * obj,vector * min,vector * max)64d86ed7fbStbbdev int scalarvol_bbox(void *obj, vector *min, vector *max) {
65d86ed7fbStbbdev     box *b = (box *)obj;
66d86ed7fbStbbdev 
67d86ed7fbStbbdev     *min = b->min;
68d86ed7fbStbbdev     *max = b->max;
69d86ed7fbStbbdev 
70d86ed7fbStbbdev     return 1;
71d86ed7fbStbbdev }
72d86ed7fbStbbdev 
newscalarvol(void * intex,vector min,vector max,int xs,int ys,int zs,char * fname,scalarvol * invol)73d86ed7fbStbbdev void *newscalarvol(void *intex,
74d86ed7fbStbbdev                    vector min,
75d86ed7fbStbbdev                    vector max,
76d86ed7fbStbbdev                    int xs,
77d86ed7fbStbbdev                    int ys,
78d86ed7fbStbbdev                    int zs,
79d86ed7fbStbbdev                    char *fname,
80d86ed7fbStbbdev                    scalarvol *invol) {
81d86ed7fbStbbdev     box *bx;
82d86ed7fbStbbdev     texture *tx, *tex;
83d86ed7fbStbbdev     scalarvol *vol;
84d86ed7fbStbbdev 
85d86ed7fbStbbdev     tex = (texture *)intex;
86d86ed7fbStbbdev     tex->shadowcast = 0; /* doesn't cast a shadow */
87d86ed7fbStbbdev 
88d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx = (texture *)rt_getmem(sizeof(texture));
89d86ed7fbStbbdev 
90d86ed7fbStbbdev     /* is the volume data already loaded? */
91d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (invol == nullptr) {
92d86ed7fbStbbdev         vol = (scalarvol *)rt_getmem(sizeof(scalarvol));
93d86ed7fbStbbdev         vol->loaded = 0;
94d86ed7fbStbbdev         vol->data = nullptr;
95d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
96d86ed7fbStbbdev     else
97d86ed7fbStbbdev         vol = invol;
98d86ed7fbStbbdev 
99d86ed7fbStbbdev     vol->opacity = tex->opacity;
100d86ed7fbStbbdev     vol->xres = xs;
101d86ed7fbStbbdev     vol->yres = ys;
102d86ed7fbStbbdev     vol->zres = zs;
103d86ed7fbStbbdev     strcpy(vol->name, fname);
104d86ed7fbStbbdev 
105d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->ctr.x = 0.0;
106d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->ctr.y = 0.0;
107d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->ctr.z = 0.0;
108d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->rot = tx->ctr;
109d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->scale = tx->ctr;
110d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->uaxs = tx->ctr;
111d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->vaxs = tx->ctr;
112d86ed7fbStbbdev 
113d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->islight = 0;
114d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->shadowcast = 0; /* doesn't cast a shadow */
115d86ed7fbStbbdev 
116d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->col = tex->col;
117d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->ambient = 1.0;
118d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->diffuse = 0.0;
119d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->specular = 0.0;
120d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->opacity = 1.0;
121d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->img = vol;
122d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->texfunc = (color(*)(void *, void *, void *))(scalar_volume_texture);
123d86ed7fbStbbdev 
124d86ed7fbStbbdev     bx = newbox(tx, min, max);
125d86ed7fbStbbdev     tx->obj = (void *)bx; /* XXX hack! */
126d86ed7fbStbbdev 
127d86ed7fbStbbdev     return (void *)bx;
128d86ed7fbStbbdev }
129d86ed7fbStbbdev 
VoxelColor(flt scalar)130d86ed7fbStbbdev color VoxelColor(flt scalar) {
131d86ed7fbStbbdev     color col;
132d86ed7fbStbbdev 
133d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (scalar > 1.0)
134d86ed7fbStbbdev         scalar = 1.0;
135d86ed7fbStbbdev 
136d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (scalar < 0.0)
137d86ed7fbStbbdev         scalar = 0.0;
138d86ed7fbStbbdev 
139d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (scalar < 0.25) {
140d86ed7fbStbbdev         col.r = scalar * 4.0;
141d86ed7fbStbbdev         col.g = 0.0;
142d86ed7fbStbbdev         col.b = 0.0;
143d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
144d86ed7fbStbbdev     else {
145d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (scalar < 0.75) {
146d86ed7fbStbbdev             col.r = 1.0;
147d86ed7fbStbbdev             col.g = (scalar - 0.25) * 2.0;
148d86ed7fbStbbdev             col.b = 0.0;
149d86ed7fbStbbdev         }
150d86ed7fbStbbdev         else {
151d86ed7fbStbbdev             col.r = 1.0;
152d86ed7fbStbbdev             col.g = 1.0;
153d86ed7fbStbbdev             col.b = (scalar - 0.75) * 4.0;
154d86ed7fbStbbdev         }
155d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
156d86ed7fbStbbdev 
157d86ed7fbStbbdev     return col;
158d86ed7fbStbbdev }
159d86ed7fbStbbdev 
scalar_volume_texture(vector * hit,texture * tex,ray * ry)160d86ed7fbStbbdev color scalar_volume_texture(vector *hit, texture *tex, ray *ry) {
161d86ed7fbStbbdev     color col, col2;
162d86ed7fbStbbdev     box *bx;
163d86ed7fbStbbdev     flt a, tx1, tx2, ty1, ty2, tz1, tz2;
164d86ed7fbStbbdev     flt tnear, tfar;
165d86ed7fbStbbdev     flt t, tdist, dt, sum, tt;
166d86ed7fbStbbdev     vector pnt, bln;
167d86ed7fbStbbdev     scalarvol *vol;
168d86ed7fbStbbdev     flt scalar, transval;
169d86ed7fbStbbdev     int x, y, z;
170d86ed7fbStbbdev     unsigned char *ptr;
171d86ed7fbStbbdev 
172d86ed7fbStbbdev     bx = (box *)tex->obj;
173d86ed7fbStbbdev     vol = (scalarvol *)bx->tex->img;
174d86ed7fbStbbdev 
175d86ed7fbStbbdev     col.r = 0.0;
176d86ed7fbStbbdev     col.g = 0.0;
177d86ed7fbStbbdev     col.b = 0.0;
178d86ed7fbStbbdev 
179d86ed7fbStbbdev     tnear = -FHUGE;
180d86ed7fbStbbdev     tfar = FHUGE;
181d86ed7fbStbbdev 
182d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (ry->d.x == 0.0) {
183d86ed7fbStbbdev         if ((ry->o.x < bx->min.x) || (ry->o.x > bx->max.x))
184d86ed7fbStbbdev             return col;
185d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
186d86ed7fbStbbdev     else {
187d86ed7fbStbbdev         tx1 = (bx->min.x - ry->o.x) / ry->d.x;
188d86ed7fbStbbdev         tx2 = (bx->max.x - ry->o.x) / ry->d.x;
189d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (tx1 > tx2) {
190d86ed7fbStbbdev             a = tx1;
191d86ed7fbStbbdev             tx1 = tx2;
192d86ed7fbStbbdev             tx2 = a;
193d86ed7fbStbbdev         }
194d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (tx1 > tnear)
195d86ed7fbStbbdev             tnear = tx1;
196d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (tx2 < tfar)
197d86ed7fbStbbdev             tfar = tx2;
198d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
199d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (tnear > tfar)
200d86ed7fbStbbdev         return col;
201d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (tfar < 0.0)
202d86ed7fbStbbdev         return col;
203d86ed7fbStbbdev 
204d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (ry->d.y == 0.0) {
205d86ed7fbStbbdev         if ((ry->o.y < bx->min.y) || (ry->o.y > bx->max.y))
206d86ed7fbStbbdev             return col;
207d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
208d86ed7fbStbbdev     else {
209d86ed7fbStbbdev         ty1 = (bx->min.y - ry->o.y) / ry->d.y;
210d86ed7fbStbbdev         ty2 = (bx->max.y - ry->o.y) / ry->d.y;
211d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (ty1 > ty2) {
212d86ed7fbStbbdev             a = ty1;
213d86ed7fbStbbdev             ty1 = ty2;
214d86ed7fbStbbdev             ty2 = a;
215d86ed7fbStbbdev         }
216d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (ty1 > tnear)
217d86ed7fbStbbdev             tnear = ty1;
218d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (ty2 < tfar)
219d86ed7fbStbbdev             tfar = ty2;
220d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
221d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (tnear > tfar)
222d86ed7fbStbbdev         return col;
223d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (tfar < 0.0)
224d86ed7fbStbbdev         return col;
225d86ed7fbStbbdev 
226d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (ry->d.z == 0.0) {
227d86ed7fbStbbdev         if ((ry->o.z < bx->min.z) || (ry->o.z > bx->max.z))
228d86ed7fbStbbdev             return col;
229d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
230d86ed7fbStbbdev     else {
231d86ed7fbStbbdev         tz1 = (bx->min.z - ry->o.z) / ry->d.z;
232d86ed7fbStbbdev         tz2 = (bx->max.z - ry->o.z) / ry->d.z;
233d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (tz1 > tz2) {
234d86ed7fbStbbdev             a = tz1;
235d86ed7fbStbbdev             tz1 = tz2;
236d86ed7fbStbbdev             tz2 = a;
237d86ed7fbStbbdev         }
238d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (tz1 > tnear)
239d86ed7fbStbbdev             tnear = tz1;
240d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (tz2 < tfar)
241d86ed7fbStbbdev             tfar = tz2;
242d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
243d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (tnear > tfar)
244d86ed7fbStbbdev         return col;
245d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (tfar < 0.0)
246d86ed7fbStbbdev         return col;
247d86ed7fbStbbdev 
248d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (tnear < 0.0)
249d86ed7fbStbbdev         tnear = 0.0;
250d86ed7fbStbbdev 
251d86ed7fbStbbdev     tdist = sqrt((flt)(vol->xres * vol->xres + vol->yres * vol->yres + vol->zres * vol->zres));
252d86ed7fbStbbdev     tt = (vol->opacity / tdist);
253d86ed7fbStbbdev 
254d86ed7fbStbbdev     bln.x = fabs(bx->min.x - bx->max.x);
255d86ed7fbStbbdev     bln.y = fabs(bx->min.y - bx->max.y);
256d86ed7fbStbbdev     bln.z = fabs(bx->min.z - bx->max.z);
257d86ed7fbStbbdev 
258d86ed7fbStbbdev     dt = sqrt(bln.x * bln.x + bln.y * bln.y + bln.z * bln.z) / tdist;
259d86ed7fbStbbdev     sum = 0.0;
260d86ed7fbStbbdev 
261d86ed7fbStbbdev     /* move the volume residency check out of loop.. */
262d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (!vol->loaded) {
263d86ed7fbStbbdev         LoadVol(vol);
264d86ed7fbStbbdev         vol->loaded = 1;
265d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
266d86ed7fbStbbdev 
267d86ed7fbStbbdev     for (t = tnear; t <= tfar; t += dt) {
268d86ed7fbStbbdev         pnt.x = ((ry->o.x + (ry->d.x * t)) - bx->min.x) / bln.x;
269d86ed7fbStbbdev         pnt.y = ((ry->o.y + (ry->d.y * t)) - bx->min.y) / bln.y;
270d86ed7fbStbbdev         pnt.z = ((ry->o.z + (ry->d.z * t)) - bx->min.z) / bln.z;
271d86ed7fbStbbdev 
272d86ed7fbStbbdev         x = (int)((vol->xres - 1.5) * pnt.x + 0.5);
273d86ed7fbStbbdev         y = (int)((vol->yres - 1.5) * pnt.y + 0.5);
274d86ed7fbStbbdev         z = (int)((vol->zres - 1.5) * pnt.z + 0.5);
275d86ed7fbStbbdev 
276d86ed7fbStbbdev         ptr = vol->data + ((vol->xres * vol->yres * z) + (vol->xres * y) + x);
277d86ed7fbStbbdev 
278d86ed7fbStbbdev         scalar = (flt)((flt)1.0 * ((int)ptr[0])) / 255.0;
279d86ed7fbStbbdev 
280d86ed7fbStbbdev         sum += tt * scalar;
281d86ed7fbStbbdev 
282d86ed7fbStbbdev         transval = tt * scalar;
283d86ed7fbStbbdev 
284d86ed7fbStbbdev         col2 = VoxelColor(scalar);
285d86ed7fbStbbdev 
286d86ed7fbStbbdev         if (sum < 1.0) {
287d86ed7fbStbbdev             col.r += transval * col2.r;
288d86ed7fbStbbdev             col.g += transval * col2.g;
289d86ed7fbStbbdev             col.b += transval * col2.b;
290d86ed7fbStbbdev             if (sum < 0.0)
291d86ed7fbStbbdev                 sum = 0.0;
292d86ed7fbStbbdev         }
293d86ed7fbStbbdev         else {
294d86ed7fbStbbdev             sum = 1.0;
295d86ed7fbStbbdev         }
296d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
297d86ed7fbStbbdev 
298d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (sum < 1.0) { /* spawn transmission rays / refraction */
299d86ed7fbStbbdev         color transcol;
300d86ed7fbStbbdev 
301d86ed7fbStbbdev         transcol = shade_transmission(ry, hit, 1.0 - sum);
302d86ed7fbStbbdev 
303d86ed7fbStbbdev         col.r += transcol.r; /* add the transmitted ray  */
304d86ed7fbStbbdev         col.g += transcol.g; /* to the diffuse and       */
305d86ed7fbStbbdev         col.b += transcol.b; /* transmission total..     */
306d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
307d86ed7fbStbbdev 
308d86ed7fbStbbdev     return col;
309d86ed7fbStbbdev }
310d86ed7fbStbbdev 
LoadVol(scalarvol * vol)311d86ed7fbStbbdev void LoadVol(scalarvol *vol) {
312d86ed7fbStbbdev     FILE *dfile;
313d86ed7fbStbbdev     std::size_t status;
314d86ed7fbStbbdev     char msgtxt[2048];
315d86ed7fbStbbdev 
316d86ed7fbStbbdev     dfile = fopen(vol->name, "r");
317d86ed7fbStbbdev     if (dfile == nullptr) {
318d86ed7fbStbbdev         char msgtxt[2048];
319d86ed7fbStbbdev         sprintf(msgtxt, "Vol: can't open %s for input!!! Aborting\n", vol->name);
320d86ed7fbStbbdev         rt_ui_message(MSG_ERR, msgtxt);
321d86ed7fbStbbdev         rt_ui_message(MSG_ABORT, "Rendering Aborted.");
322d86ed7fbStbbdev         std::exit(-1);
323d86ed7fbStbbdev     }
324d86ed7fbStbbdev 
325d86ed7fbStbbdev     sprintf(
326d86ed7fbStbbdev         msgtxt, "loading %dx%dx%d volume set from %s", vol->xres, vol->yres, vol->zres, vol->name);
327d86ed7fbStbbdev     rt_ui_message(MSG_0, msgtxt);
328d86ed7fbStbbdev 
329d86ed7fbStbbdev     vol->data = (unsigned char *)rt_getmem(vol->xres * vol->yres * vol->zres);
330d86ed7fbStbbdev 
331d86ed7fbStbbdev     status = fread(vol->data, 1, (vol->xres * vol->yres * vol->zres), dfile);
332d86ed7fbStbbdev     fclose(dfile);
333d86ed7fbStbbdev }
334