1 //===-BlockGenerators.h - Helper to generate code for statements-*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file defines the BlockGenerator and VectorBlockGenerator classes, which
11 // generate sequential code and vectorized code for a polyhedral statement,
12 // respectively.
13 //
14 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
15 
16 #ifndef POLLY_BLOCK_GENERATORS_H
17 #define POLLY_BLOCK_GENERATORS_H
18 
19 #include "polly/CodeGen/IRBuilder.h"
20 #include "polly/Support/ScopHelper.h"
21 #include "llvm/ADT/MapVector.h"
22 #include "llvm/Analysis/ScalarEvolutionExpressions.h"
23 #include "isl/map.h"
24 
25 struct isl_ast_build;
26 struct isl_id_to_ast_expr;
27 
28 namespace llvm {
29 class Pass;
30 class Region;
31 class ScalarEvolution;
32 } // namespace llvm
33 
34 namespace polly {
35 using namespace llvm;
36 class ScopStmt;
37 class MemoryAccess;
38 class ScopArrayInfo;
39 class IslExprBuilder;
40 
41 /// Generate a new basic block for a polyhedral statement.
42 class BlockGenerator {
43 public:
44   typedef llvm::SmallVector<ValueMapT, 8> VectorValueMapT;
45 
46   /// Map types to resolve scalar dependences.
47   ///
48   ///@{
49   using AllocaMapTy = DenseMap<const ScopArrayInfo *, AssertingVH<AllocaInst>>;
50 
51   /// Simple vector of instructions to store escape users.
52   using EscapeUserVectorTy = SmallVector<Instruction *, 4>;
53 
54   /// Map type to resolve escaping users for scalar instructions.
55   ///
56   /// @see The EscapeMap member.
57   using EscapeUsersAllocaMapTy =
58       MapVector<Instruction *,
59                 std::pair<AssertingVH<Value>, EscapeUserVectorTy>>;
60 
61   ///@}
62 
63   /// Create a generator for basic blocks.
64   ///
65   /// @param Builder     The LLVM-IR Builder used to generate the statement. The
66   ///                    code is generated at the location, the Builder points
67   ///                    to.
68   /// @param LI          The loop info for the current function
69   /// @param SE          The scalar evolution info for the current function
70   /// @param DT          The dominator tree of this function.
71   /// @param ScalarMap   Map from scalars to their demoted location.
72   /// @param EscapeMap   Map from scalars to their escape users and locations.
73   /// @param GlobalMap   A mapping from llvm::Values used in the original scop
74   ///                    region to a new set of llvm::Values. Each reference to
75   ///                    an original value appearing in this mapping is replaced
76   ///                    with the new value it is mapped to.
77   /// @param ExprBuilder An expression builder to generate new access functions.
78   /// @param StartBlock  The first basic block after the RTC.
79   BlockGenerator(PollyIRBuilder &Builder, LoopInfo &LI, ScalarEvolution &SE,
80                  DominatorTree &DT, AllocaMapTy &ScalarMap,
81                  EscapeUsersAllocaMapTy &EscapeMap, ValueMapT &GlobalMap,
82                  IslExprBuilder *ExprBuilder, BasicBlock *StartBlock);
83 
84   /// Copy the basic block.
85   ///
86   /// This copies the entire basic block and updates references to old values
87   /// with references to new values, as defined by GlobalMap.
88   ///
89   /// @param Stmt        The block statement to code generate.
90   /// @param LTS         A map from old loops to new induction variables as
91   ///                    SCEVs.
92   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
93   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
94   ///                    memory accesses.
95   void copyStmt(ScopStmt &Stmt, LoopToScevMapT &LTS,
96                 isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
97 
98   /// Remove a ScopArrayInfo's allocation from the ScalarMap.
99   ///
100   /// This function allows to remove values from the ScalarMap. This is useful
101   /// if the corresponding alloca instruction will be deleted (or moved into
102   /// another module), as without removing these values the underlying
103   /// AssertingVH will trigger due to us still keeping reference to this
104   /// scalar.
105   ///
106   /// @param Array The array for which the alloca was generated.
107   void freeScalarAlloc(ScopArrayInfo *Array) { ScalarMap.erase(Array); }
108 
109   /// Return the alloca for @p Access.
110   ///
111   /// If no alloca was mapped for @p Access a new one is created.
112   ///
113   /// @param Access    The memory access for which to generate the alloca.
114   ///
115   /// @returns The alloca for @p Access or a replacement value taken from
116   ///          GlobalMap.
117   Value *getOrCreateAlloca(const MemoryAccess &Access);
118 
119   /// Return the alloca for @p Array.
120   ///
121   /// If no alloca was mapped for @p Array a new one is created.
122   ///
123   /// @param Array The array for which to generate the alloca.
124   ///
125   /// @returns The alloca for @p Array or a replacement value taken from
126   ///          GlobalMap.
127   Value *getOrCreateAlloca(const ScopArrayInfo *Array);
128 
129   /// Finalize the code generation for the SCoP @p S.
130   ///
131   /// This will initialize and finalize the scalar variables we demoted during
132   /// the code generation.
133   ///
134   /// @see createScalarInitialization(Scop &)
135   /// @see createScalarFinalization(Region &)
136   void finalizeSCoP(Scop &S);
137 
138   /// An empty destructor
139   virtual ~BlockGenerator() {}
140 
141   BlockGenerator(const BlockGenerator &) = default;
142 
143 protected:
144   PollyIRBuilder &Builder;
145   LoopInfo &LI;
146   ScalarEvolution &SE;
147   IslExprBuilder *ExprBuilder;
148 
149   /// The dominator tree of this function.
150   DominatorTree &DT;
151 
152   /// The entry block of the current function.
153   BasicBlock *EntryBB;
154 
155   /// Map to resolve scalar dependences for PHI operands and scalars.
156   ///
157   /// When translating code that contains scalar dependences as they result from
158   /// inter-block scalar dependences (including the use of data carrying PHI
159   /// nodes), we do not directly regenerate in-register SSA code, but instead
160   /// allocate some stack memory through which these scalar values are passed.
161   /// Only a later pass of -mem2reg will then (re)introduce in-register
162   /// computations.
163   ///
164   /// To keep track of the memory location(s) used to store the data computed by
165   /// a given SSA instruction, we use the map 'ScalarMap'. ScalarMap maps a
166   /// given ScopArrayInfo to the junk of stack allocated memory, that is
167   /// used for code generation.
168   ///
169   /// Up to two different ScopArrayInfo objects are associated with each
170   /// llvm::Value:
171   ///
172   /// MemoryType::Value objects are used for normal scalar dependences that go
173   /// from a scalar definition to its use. Such dependences are lowered by
174   /// directly writing the value an instruction computes into the corresponding
175   /// chunk of memory and reading it back from this chunk of memory right before
176   /// every use of this original scalar value. The memory allocations for
177   /// MemoryType::Value objects end with '.s2a'.
178   ///
179   /// MemoryType::PHI (and MemoryType::ExitPHI) objects are used to model PHI
180   /// nodes. For each PHI nodes we introduce, besides the Array of type
181   /// MemoryType::Value, a second chunk of memory into which we write at the end
182   /// of each basic block preceeding the PHI instruction the value passed
183   /// through this basic block. At the place where the PHI node is executed, we
184   /// replace the PHI node with a load from the corresponding MemoryType::PHI
185   /// memory location. The memory allocations for MemoryType::PHI end with
186   /// '.phiops'.
187   ///
188   /// Example:
189   ///
190   ///                              Input C Code
191   ///                              ============
192   ///
193   ///                 S1:      x1 = ...
194   ///                          for (i=0...N) {
195   ///                 S2:           x2 = phi(x1, add)
196   ///                 S3:           add = x2 + 42;
197   ///                          }
198   ///                 S4:      print(x1)
199   ///                          print(x2)
200   ///                          print(add)
201   ///
202   ///
203   ///        Unmodified IR                         IR After expansion
204   ///        =============                         ==================
205   ///
206   /// S1:   x1 = ...                     S1:    x1 = ...
207   ///                                           x1.s2a = s1
208   ///                                           x2.phiops = s1
209   ///        |                                    |
210   ///        |   <--<--<--<--<                    |   <--<--<--<--<
211   ///        | /              \                   | /              \     .
212   ///        V V               \                  V V               \    .
213   /// S2:  x2 = phi (x1, add)   |        S2:    x2 = x2.phiops       |
214   ///                           |               x2.s2a = x2          |
215   ///                           |                                    |
216   /// S3:  add = x2 + 42        |        S3:    add = x2 + 42        |
217   ///                           |               add.s2a = add        |
218   ///                           |               x2.phiops = add      |
219   ///        | \               /                  | \               /
220   ///        |  \             /                   |  \             /
221   ///        |   >-->-->-->-->                    |   >-->-->-->-->
222   ///        V                                    V
223   ///
224   ///                                    S4:    x1 = x1.s2a
225   /// S4:  ... = x1                             ... = x1
226   ///                                           x2 = x2.s2a
227   ///      ... = x2                             ... = x2
228   ///                                           add = add.s2a
229   ///      ... = add                            ... = add
230   ///
231   ///      ScalarMap = { x1:Value -> x1.s2a, x2:Value -> x2.s2a,
232   ///                    add:Value -> add.s2a, x2:PHI -> x2.phiops }
233   ///
234   ///  ??? Why does a PHI-node require two memory chunks ???
235   ///
236   ///  One may wonder why a PHI node requires two memory chunks and not just
237   ///  all data is stored in a single location. The following example tries
238   ///  to store all data in .s2a and drops the .phiops location:
239   ///
240   ///      S1:    x1 = ...
241   ///             x1.s2a = s1
242   ///             x2.s2a = s1             // use .s2a instead of .phiops
243   ///               |
244   ///               |   <--<--<--<--<
245   ///               | /              \    .
246   ///               V V               \   .
247   ///      S2:    x2 = x2.s2a          |  // value is same as above, but read
248   ///                                  |  // from .s2a
249   ///                                  |
250   ///             x2.s2a = x2          |  // store into .s2a as normal
251   ///                                  |
252   ///      S3:    add = x2 + 42        |
253   ///             add.s2a = add        |
254   ///             x2.s2a = add         |  // use s2a instead of .phiops
255   ///               | \               /   // !!! This is wrong, as x2.s2a now
256   ///               |   >-->-->-->-->     // contains add instead of x2.
257   ///               V
258   ///
259   ///      S4:    x1 = x1.s2a
260   ///             ... = x1
261   ///             x2 = x2.s2a             // !!! We now read 'add' instead of
262   ///             ... = x2                // 'x2'
263   ///             add = add.s2a
264   ///             ... = add
265   ///
266   ///  As visible in the example, the SSA value of the PHI node may still be
267   ///  needed _after_ the basic block, which could conceptually branch to the
268   ///  PHI node, has been run and has overwritten the PHI's old value. Hence, a
269   ///  single memory location is not enough to code-generate a PHI node.
270   ///
271   /// Memory locations used for the special PHI node modeling.
272   AllocaMapTy &ScalarMap;
273 
274   /// Map from instructions to their escape users as well as the alloca.
275   EscapeUsersAllocaMapTy &EscapeMap;
276 
277   /// A map from llvm::Values referenced in the old code to a new set of
278   ///        llvm::Values, which is used to replace these old values during
279   ///        code generation.
280   ValueMapT &GlobalMap;
281 
282   /// The first basic block after the RTC.
283   BasicBlock *StartBlock;
284 
285   /// Split @p BB to create a new one we can use to clone @p BB in.
286   BasicBlock *splitBB(BasicBlock *BB);
287 
288   /// Copy the given basic block.
289   ///
290   /// @param Stmt      The statement to code generate.
291   /// @param BB        The basic block to code generate.
292   /// @param BBMap     A mapping from old values to their new values in this
293   /// block.
294   /// @param LTS         A map from old loops to new induction variables as
295   ///                    SCEVs.
296   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
297   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
298   ///                    memory accesses.
299   ///
300   /// @returns The copy of the basic block.
301   BasicBlock *copyBB(ScopStmt &Stmt, BasicBlock *BB, ValueMapT &BBMap,
302                      LoopToScevMapT &LTS, isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
303 
304   /// Copy the given basic block.
305   ///
306   /// @param Stmt      The statement to code generate.
307   /// @param BB        The basic block to code generate.
308   /// @param BBCopy    The new basic block to generate code in.
309   /// @param BBMap     A mapping from old values to their new values in this
310   /// block.
311   /// @param LTS         A map from old loops to new induction variables as
312   ///                    SCEVs.
313   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
314   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
315   ///                    memory accesses.
316   void copyBB(ScopStmt &Stmt, BasicBlock *BB, BasicBlock *BBCopy,
317               ValueMapT &BBMap, LoopToScevMapT &LTS,
318               isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
319 
320   /// Generate reload of scalars demoted to memory and needed by @p Stmt.
321   ///
322   /// @param Stmt  The statement we generate code for.
323   /// @param LTS   A mapping from loops virtual canonical induction
324   ///              variable to their new values.
325   /// @param BBMap A mapping from old values to their new values in this block.
326   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions.
327   void generateScalarLoads(ScopStmt &Stmt, LoopToScevMapT &LTS,
328                            ValueMapT &BBMap,
329                            __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
330 
331   /// Generate the scalar stores for the given statement.
332   ///
333   /// After the statement @p Stmt was copied all inner-SCoP scalar dependences
334   /// starting in @p Stmt (hence all scalar write accesses in @p Stmt) need to
335   /// be demoted to memory.
336   ///
337   /// @param Stmt  The statement we generate code for.
338   /// @param LTS   A mapping from loops virtual canonical induction
339   ///              variable to their new values
340   ///              (for values recalculated in the new ScoP, but not
341   ///               within this basic block)
342   /// @param BBMap A mapping from old values to their new values in this block.
343   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions.
344   virtual void generateScalarStores(ScopStmt &Stmt, LoopToScevMapT &LTS,
345                                     ValueMapT &BBMap,
346                                     __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
347 
348   /// Handle users of @p Array outside the SCoP.
349   ///
350   /// @param S         The current SCoP.
351   /// @param Inst      The ScopArrayInfo to handle.
352   void handleOutsideUsers(const Scop &S, ScopArrayInfo *Array);
353 
354   /// Find scalar statements that have outside users.
355   ///
356   /// We register these scalar values to later update subsequent scalar uses of
357   /// these values to either use the newly computed value from within the scop
358   /// (if the scop was executed) or the unchanged original code (if the run-time
359   /// check failed).
360   ///
361   /// @param S The scop for which to find the outside users.
362   void findOutsideUsers(Scop &S);
363 
364   /// Initialize the memory of demoted scalars.
365   ///
366   /// @param S The scop for which to generate the scalar initializers.
367   void createScalarInitialization(Scop &S);
368 
369   /// Create exit PHI node merges for PHI nodes with more than two edges
370   ///        from inside the scop.
371   ///
372   /// For scops which have a PHI node in the exit block that has more than two
373   /// incoming edges from inside the scop region, we require some special
374   /// handling to understand which of the possible values will be passed to the
375   /// PHI node from inside the optimized version of the scop. To do so ScopInfo
376   /// models the possible incoming values as write accesses of the ScopStmts.
377   ///
378   /// This function creates corresponding code to reload the computed outgoing
379   /// value from the stack slot it has been stored into and to pass it on to the
380   /// PHI node in the original exit block.
381   ///
382   /// @param S The scop for which to generate the exiting PHI nodes.
383   void createExitPHINodeMerges(Scop &S);
384 
385   /// Promote the values of demoted scalars after the SCoP.
386   ///
387   /// If a scalar value was used outside the SCoP we need to promote the value
388   /// stored in the memory cell allocated for that scalar and combine it with
389   /// the original value in the non-optimized SCoP.
390   void createScalarFinalization(Scop &S);
391 
392   /// Try to synthesize a new value
393   ///
394   /// Given an old value, we try to synthesize it in a new context from its
395   /// original SCEV expression. We start from the original SCEV expression,
396   /// then replace outdated parameter and loop references, and finally
397   /// expand it to code that computes this updated expression.
398   ///
399   /// @param Stmt      The statement to code generate
400   /// @param Old       The old Value
401   /// @param BBMap     A mapping from old values to their new values
402   ///                  (for values recalculated within this basic block)
403   /// @param LTS       A mapping from loops virtual canonical induction
404   ///                  variable to their new values
405   ///                  (for values recalculated in the new ScoP, but not
406   ///                   within this basic block)
407   /// @param L         The loop that surrounded the instruction that referenced
408   ///                  this value in the original code. This loop is used to
409   ///                  evaluate the scalar evolution at the right scope.
410   ///
411   /// @returns  o A newly synthesized value.
412   ///           o NULL, if synthesizing the value failed.
413   Value *trySynthesizeNewValue(ScopStmt &Stmt, Value *Old, ValueMapT &BBMap,
414                                LoopToScevMapT &LTS, Loop *L) const;
415 
416   /// Get the new version of a value.
417   ///
418   /// Given an old value, we first check if a new version of this value is
419   /// available in the BBMap or GlobalMap. In case it is not and the value can
420   /// be recomputed using SCEV, we do so. If we can not recompute a value
421   /// using SCEV, but we understand that the value is constant within the scop,
422   /// we return the old value.  If the value can still not be derived, this
423   /// function will assert.
424   ///
425   /// @param Stmt      The statement to code generate.
426   /// @param Old       The old Value.
427   /// @param BBMap     A mapping from old values to their new values
428   ///                  (for values recalculated within this basic block).
429   /// @param LTS       A mapping from loops virtual canonical induction
430   ///                  variable to their new values
431   ///                  (for values recalculated in the new ScoP, but not
432   ///                   within this basic block).
433   /// @param L         The loop that surrounded the instruction that referenced
434   ///                  this value in the original code. This loop is used to
435   ///                  evaluate the scalar evolution at the right scope.
436   ///
437   /// @returns  o The old value, if it is still valid.
438   ///           o The new value, if available.
439   ///           o NULL, if no value is found.
440   Value *getNewValue(ScopStmt &Stmt, Value *Old, ValueMapT &BBMap,
441                      LoopToScevMapT &LTS, Loop *L) const;
442 
443   void copyInstScalar(ScopStmt &Stmt, Instruction *Inst, ValueMapT &BBMap,
444                       LoopToScevMapT &LTS);
445 
446   /// Get the innermost loop that surrounds the statement @p Stmt.
447   Loop *getLoopForStmt(const ScopStmt &Stmt) const;
448 
449   /// Generate the operand address
450   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
451   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
452   ///                    memory accesses.
453   Value *generateLocationAccessed(ScopStmt &Stmt, MemAccInst Inst,
454                                   ValueMapT &BBMap, LoopToScevMapT &LTS,
455                                   isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
456 
457   /// Generate the operand address.
458   ///
459   /// @param Stmt         The statement to generate code for.
460   /// @param L            The innermost loop that surrounds the statement.
461   /// @param Pointer      If the access expression is not changed (ie. not found
462   ///                     in @p LTS), use this Pointer from the original code
463   ///                     instead.
464   /// @param BBMap        A mapping from old values to their new values.
465   /// @param LTS          A mapping from loops virtual canonical induction
466   ///                     variable to their new values.
467   /// @param NewAccesses  Ahead-of-time generated access expressions.
468   /// @param Id           Identifier of the MemoryAccess to generate.
469   /// @param ExpectedType The type the returned value should have.
470   ///
471   /// @return The generated address.
472   Value *generateLocationAccessed(ScopStmt &Stmt, Loop *L, Value *Pointer,
473                                   ValueMapT &BBMap, LoopToScevMapT &LTS,
474                                   isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses,
475                                   __isl_take isl_id *Id, Type *ExpectedType);
476 
477   /// Generate the pointer value that is accesses by @p Access.
478   ///
479   /// For write accesses, generate the target address. For read accesses,
480   /// generate the source address.
481   /// The access can be either an array access or a scalar access. In the first
482   /// case, the returned address will point to an element into that array. In
483   /// the scalar case, an alloca is used.
484   /// If a new AccessRelation is set for the MemoryAccess, the new relation will
485   /// be used.
486   ///
487   /// @param Access      The access to generate a pointer for.
488   /// @param L           The innermost loop that surrounds the statement.
489   /// @param LTS         A mapping from loops virtual canonical induction
490   ///                    variable to their new values.
491   /// @param BBMap       A mapping from old values to their new values.
492   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions.
493   ///
494   /// @return The generated address.
495   Value *getImplicitAddress(MemoryAccess &Access, Loop *L, LoopToScevMapT &LTS,
496                             ValueMapT &BBMap,
497                             __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
498 
499   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
500   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
501   ///                    memory accesses.
502   Value *generateArrayLoad(ScopStmt &Stmt, LoadInst *load, ValueMapT &BBMap,
503                            LoopToScevMapT &LTS,
504                            isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
505 
506   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
507   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
508   ///                    memory accesses.
509   void generateArrayStore(ScopStmt &Stmt, StoreInst *store, ValueMapT &BBMap,
510                           LoopToScevMapT &LTS, isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
511 
512   /// Copy a single PHI instruction.
513   ///
514   /// The implementation in the BlockGenerator is trivial, however it allows
515   /// subclasses to handle PHIs different.
516   virtual void copyPHIInstruction(ScopStmt &, PHINode *, ValueMapT &,
517                                   LoopToScevMapT &) {}
518 
519   /// Copy a single Instruction.
520   ///
521   /// This copies a single Instruction and updates references to old values
522   /// with references to new values, as defined by GlobalMap and BBMap.
523   ///
524   /// @param Stmt        The statement to code generate.
525   /// @param Inst        The instruction to copy.
526   /// @param BBMap       A mapping from old values to their new values
527   ///                    (for values recalculated within this basic block).
528   /// @param GlobalMap   A mapping from old values to their new values
529   ///                    (for values recalculated in the new ScoP, but not
530   ///                    within this basic block).
531   /// @param LTS         A mapping from loops virtual canonical induction
532   ///                    variable to their new values
533   ///                    (for values recalculated in the new ScoP, but not
534   ///                     within this basic block).
535   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
536   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
537   ///                    memory accesses.
538   void copyInstruction(ScopStmt &Stmt, Instruction *Inst, ValueMapT &BBMap,
539                        LoopToScevMapT &LTS, isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
540 
541   /// Helper to determine if @p Inst can be synthesized in @p Stmt.
542   ///
543   /// @returns false, iff @p Inst can be synthesized in @p Stmt.
544   bool canSyntheziseInStmt(ScopStmt &Stmt, Instruction *Inst);
545 
546   /// Remove dead instructions generated for BB
547   ///
548   /// @param BB The basic block code for which code has been generated.
549   /// @param BBMap A local map from old to new instructions.
550   void removeDeadInstructions(BasicBlock *BB, ValueMapT &BBMap);
551 
552   /// Invalidate the scalar evolution expressions for a scop.
553   ///
554   /// This function invalidates the scalar evolution results for all
555   /// instructions that are part of a given scop. This is necessary to ensure
556   /// that later scops do not obtain scalar evolution expressions that reference
557   /// values that earlier dominated the later scop, but have been moved in the
558   /// conditional part of an earlier scop and consequently do not any more
559   /// dominate the later scop.
560   ///
561   /// @param S The scop to invalidate.
562   void invalidateScalarEvolution(Scop &S);
563 };
564 
565 /// Generate a new vector basic block for a polyhedral statement.
566 ///
567 /// The only public function exposed is generate().
568 class VectorBlockGenerator : BlockGenerator {
569 public:
570   /// Generate a new vector basic block for a ScoPStmt.
571   ///
572   /// This code generation is similar to the normal, scalar code generation,
573   /// except that each instruction is code generated for several vector lanes
574   /// at a time. If possible instructions are issued as actual vector
575   /// instructions, but e.g. for address calculation instructions we currently
576   /// generate scalar instructions for each vector lane.
577   ///
578   /// @param BlockGen    A block generator object used as parent.
579   /// @param Stmt        The statement to code generate.
580   /// @param VLTS        A mapping from loops virtual canonical induction
581   ///                    variable to their new values
582   ///                    (for values recalculated in the new ScoP, but not
583   ///                     within this basic block), one for each lane.
584   /// @param Schedule    A map from the statement to a schedule where the
585   ///                    innermost dimension is the dimension of the innermost
586   ///                    loop containing the statement.
587   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
588   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
589   ///                    memory accesses.
590   static void generate(BlockGenerator &BlockGen, ScopStmt &Stmt,
591                        std::vector<LoopToScevMapT> &VLTS,
592                        __isl_keep isl_map *Schedule,
593                        __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses) {
594     VectorBlockGenerator Generator(BlockGen, VLTS, Schedule);
595     Generator.copyStmt(Stmt, NewAccesses);
596   }
597 
598 private:
599   // This is a vector of loop->scev maps.  The first map is used for the first
600   // vector lane, ...
601   // Each map, contains information about Instructions in the old ScoP, which
602   // are recalculated in the new SCoP. When copying the basic block, we replace
603   // all references to the old instructions with their recalculated values.
604   //
605   // For example, when the code generator produces this AST:
606   //
607   //   for (int c1 = 0; c1 <= 1023; c1 += 1)
608   //     for (int c2 = 0; c2 <= 1023; c2 += VF)
609   //       for (int lane = 0; lane <= VF; lane += 1)
610   //         Stmt(c2 + lane + 3, c1);
611   //
612   // VLTS[lane] contains a map:
613   //   "outer loop in the old loop nest" -> SCEV("c2 + lane + 3"),
614   //   "inner loop in the old loop nest" -> SCEV("c1").
615   std::vector<LoopToScevMapT> &VLTS;
616 
617   // A map from the statement to a schedule where the innermost dimension is the
618   // dimension of the innermost loop containing the statement.
619   isl_map *Schedule;
620 
621   VectorBlockGenerator(BlockGenerator &BlockGen,
622                        std::vector<LoopToScevMapT> &VLTS,
623                        __isl_keep isl_map *Schedule);
624 
625   int getVectorWidth();
626 
627   Value *getVectorValue(ScopStmt &Stmt, Value *Old, ValueMapT &VectorMap,
628                         VectorValueMapT &ScalarMaps, Loop *L);
629 
630   Type *getVectorPtrTy(const Value *V, int Width);
631 
632   /// Load a vector from a set of adjacent scalars
633   ///
634   /// In case a set of scalars is known to be next to each other in memory,
635   /// create a vector load that loads those scalars
636   ///
637   /// %vector_ptr= bitcast double* %p to <4 x double>*
638   /// %vec_full = load <4 x double>* %vector_ptr
639   ///
640   /// @param Stmt           The statement to code generate.
641   /// @param NegativeStride This is used to indicate a -1 stride. In such
642   ///                       a case we load the end of a base address and
643   ///                       shuffle the accesses in reverse order into the
644   ///                       vector. By default we would do only positive
645   ///                       strides.
646   ///
647   /// @param NewAccesses    A map from memory access ids to new ast
648   ///                       expressions, which may contain new access
649   ///                       expressions for certain memory accesses.
650   Value *generateStrideOneLoad(ScopStmt &Stmt, LoadInst *Load,
651                                VectorValueMapT &ScalarMaps,
652                                __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses,
653                                bool NegativeStride);
654 
655   /// Load a vector initialized from a single scalar in memory
656   ///
657   /// In case all elements of a vector are initialized to the same
658   /// scalar value, this value is loaded and shuffeled into all elements
659   /// of the vector.
660   ///
661   /// %splat_one = load <1 x double>* %p
662   /// %splat = shufflevector <1 x double> %splat_one, <1 x
663   ///       double> %splat_one, <4 x i32> zeroinitializer
664   ///
665   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
666   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
667   ///                    memory accesses.
668   Value *generateStrideZeroLoad(ScopStmt &Stmt, LoadInst *Load,
669                                 ValueMapT &BBMap,
670                                 __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
671 
672   /// Load a vector from scalars distributed in memory
673   ///
674   /// In case some scalars a distributed randomly in memory. Create a vector
675   /// by loading each scalar and by inserting one after the other into the
676   /// vector.
677   ///
678   /// %scalar_1= load double* %p_1
679   /// %vec_1 = insertelement <2 x double> undef, double %scalar_1, i32 0
680   /// %scalar 2 = load double* %p_2
681   /// %vec_2 = insertelement <2 x double> %vec_1, double %scalar_1, i32 1
682   ///
683   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
684   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
685   ///                    memory accesses.
686   Value *generateUnknownStrideLoad(ScopStmt &Stmt, LoadInst *Load,
687                                    VectorValueMapT &ScalarMaps,
688                                    __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
689 
690   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
691   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
692   ///                    memory accesses.
693   void generateLoad(ScopStmt &Stmt, LoadInst *Load, ValueMapT &VectorMap,
694                     VectorValueMapT &ScalarMaps,
695                     __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
696 
697   void copyUnaryInst(ScopStmt &Stmt, UnaryInstruction *Inst,
698                      ValueMapT &VectorMap, VectorValueMapT &ScalarMaps);
699 
700   void copyBinaryInst(ScopStmt &Stmt, BinaryOperator *Inst,
701                       ValueMapT &VectorMap, VectorValueMapT &ScalarMaps);
702 
703   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
704   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
705   ///                    memory accesses.
706   void copyStore(ScopStmt &Stmt, StoreInst *Store, ValueMapT &VectorMap,
707                  VectorValueMapT &ScalarMaps,
708                  __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
709 
710   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
711   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
712   ///                    memory accesses.
713   void copyInstScalarized(ScopStmt &Stmt, Instruction *Inst,
714                           ValueMapT &VectorMap, VectorValueMapT &ScalarMaps,
715                           __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
716 
717   bool extractScalarValues(const Instruction *Inst, ValueMapT &VectorMap,
718                            VectorValueMapT &ScalarMaps);
719 
720   bool hasVectorOperands(const Instruction *Inst, ValueMapT &VectorMap);
721 
722   /// Generate vector loads for scalars.
723   ///
724   /// @param Stmt           The scop statement for which to generate the loads.
725   /// @param VectorBlockMap A map that will be updated to relate the original
726   ///                       values with the newly generated vector loads.
727   void generateScalarVectorLoads(ScopStmt &Stmt, ValueMapT &VectorBlockMap);
728 
729   /// Verify absence of scalar stores.
730   ///
731   /// @param Stmt The scop statement to check for scalar stores.
732   void verifyNoScalarStores(ScopStmt &Stmt);
733 
734   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
735   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
736   ///                    memory accesses.
737   void copyInstruction(ScopStmt &Stmt, Instruction *Inst, ValueMapT &VectorMap,
738                        VectorValueMapT &ScalarMaps,
739                        __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
740 
741   /// @param NewAccesses A map from memory access ids to new ast expressions,
742   ///                    which may contain new access expressions for certain
743   ///                    memory accesses.
744   void copyStmt(ScopStmt &Stmt, __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses);
745 };
746 
747 /// Generator for new versions of polyhedral region statements.
748 class RegionGenerator : public BlockGenerator {
749 public:
750   /// Create a generator for regions.
751   ///
752   /// @param BlockGen A generator for basic blocks.
753   RegionGenerator(BlockGenerator &BlockGen) : BlockGenerator(BlockGen) {}
754 
755   virtual ~RegionGenerator() {}
756 
757   /// Copy the region statement @p Stmt.
758   ///
759   /// This copies the entire region represented by @p Stmt and updates
760   /// references to old values with references to new values, as defined by
761   /// GlobalMap.
762   ///
763   /// @param Stmt      The statement to code generate.
764   /// @param LTS       A map from old loops to new induction variables as SCEVs.
765   void copyStmt(ScopStmt &Stmt, LoopToScevMapT &LTS,
766                 __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *IdToAstExp);
767 
768 private:
769   /// A map from old to new blocks in the region.
770   DenseMap<BasicBlock *, BasicBlock *> BlockMap;
771 
772   /// The "BBMaps" for the whole region (one for each block).
773   DenseMap<BasicBlock *, ValueMapT> RegionMaps;
774 
775   /// Mapping to remember PHI nodes that still need incoming values.
776   using PHINodePairTy = std::pair<PHINode *, PHINode *>;
777   DenseMap<BasicBlock *, SmallVector<PHINodePairTy, 4>> IncompletePHINodeMap;
778 
779   /// Repair the dominance tree after we created a copy block for @p BB.
780   ///
781   /// @returns The immediate dominator in the DT for @p BBCopy if in the region.
782   BasicBlock *repairDominance(BasicBlock *BB, BasicBlock *BBCopy);
783 
784   /// Add the new operand from the copy of @p IncomingBB to @p PHICopy.
785   ///
786   /// PHI nodes, which may have (multiple) edges that enter from outside the
787   /// non-affine subregion and even from outside the scop, are code generated as
788   /// follows:
789   ///
790   /// # Original
791   ///
792   ///   Region: %A-> %exit
793   ///   NonAffine Stmt: %nonaffB -> %D (includes %nonaffB, %nonaffC)
794   ///
795   ///     pre:
796   ///       %val = add i64 1, 1
797   ///
798   ///     A:
799   ///      br label %nonaff
800   ///
801   ///     nonaffB:
802   ///       %phi = phi i64 [%val, %A], [%valC, %nonAffC], [%valD, %D]
803   ///       %cmp = <nonaff>
804   ///       br i1 %cmp, label %C, label %nonaffC
805   ///
806   ///     nonaffC:
807   ///       %valC = add i64 1, 1
808   ///       br i1 undef, label %D, label %nonaffB
809   ///
810   ///     D:
811   ///       %valD = ...
812   ///       %exit_cond = <loopexit>
813   ///       br i1 %exit_cond, label %nonaffB, label %exit
814   ///
815   ///     exit:
816   ///       ...
817   ///
818   ///  - %start and %C enter from outside the non-affine region.
819   ///  - %nonaffC enters from within the non-affine region.
820   ///
821   ///  # New
822   ///
823   ///    polly.A:
824   ///       store i64 %val, i64* %phi.phiops
825   ///       br label %polly.nonaffA.entry
826   ///
827   ///    polly.nonaffB.entry:
828   ///       %phi.phiops.reload = load i64, i64* %phi.phiops
829   ///       br label %nonaffB
830   ///
831   ///    polly.nonaffB:
832   ///       %polly.phi = [%phi.phiops.reload, %nonaffB.entry],
833   ///                    [%p.valC, %polly.nonaffC]
834   ///
835   ///    polly.nonaffC:
836   ///       %p.valC = add i64 1, 1
837   ///       br i1 undef, label %polly.D, label %polly.nonaffB
838   ///
839   ///    polly.D:
840   ///        %p.valD = ...
841   ///        store i64 %p.valD, i64* %phi.phiops
842   ///        %p.exit_cond = <loopexit>
843   ///        br i1 %p.exit_cond, label %polly.nonaffB, label %exit
844   ///
845   /// Values that enter the PHI from outside the non-affine region are stored
846   /// into the stack slot %phi.phiops by statements %polly.A and %polly.D and
847   /// reloaded in %polly.nonaffB.entry, a basic block generated before the
848   /// actual non-affine region.
849   ///
850   /// When generating the PHI node of the non-affine region in %polly.nonaffB,
851   /// incoming edges from outside the region are combined into a single branch
852   /// from %polly.nonaffB.entry which has as incoming value the value reloaded
853   /// from the %phi.phiops stack slot. Incoming edges from within the region
854   /// refer to the copied instructions (%p.valC) and basic blocks
855   /// (%polly.nonaffC) of the non-affine region.
856   ///
857   /// @param Stmt       The statement to code generate.
858   /// @param PHI        The original PHI we copy.
859   /// @param PHICopy    The copy of @p PHI.
860   /// @param IncomingBB An incoming block of @p PHI.
861   /// @param LTS        A map from old loops to new induction variables as
862   /// SCEVs.
863   void addOperandToPHI(ScopStmt &Stmt, PHINode *PHI, PHINode *PHICopy,
864                        BasicBlock *IncomingBB, LoopToScevMapT &LTS);
865 
866   /// Create a PHI that combines the incoming values from all incoming blocks
867   /// that are in the subregion.
868   ///
869   /// PHIs in the subregion's exit block can have incoming edges from within and
870   /// outside the subregion. This function combines the incoming values from
871   /// within the subregion to appear as if there is only one incoming edge from
872   /// the subregion (an additional exit block is created by RegionGenerator).
873   /// This is to avoid that a value is written to the .phiops location without
874   /// leaving the subregion because the exiting block as an edge back into the
875   /// subregion.
876   ///
877   /// @param MA    The WRITE of MemoryKind::PHI/MemoryKind::ExitPHI for a PHI in
878   ///              the subregion's exit block.
879   /// @param LTS   Virtual induction variable mapping.
880   /// @param BBMap A mapping from old values to their new values in this block.
881   /// @param L     Loop surrounding this region statement.
882   ///
883   /// @returns The constructed PHI node.
884   PHINode *buildExitPHI(MemoryAccess *MA, LoopToScevMapT &LTS, ValueMapT &BBMap,
885                         Loop *L);
886 
887   /// @param Return the new value of a scalar write, creating a PHINode if
888   ///        necessary.
889   ///
890   /// @param MA    A scalar WRITE MemoryAccess.
891   /// @param LTS   Virtual induction variable mapping.
892   /// @param BBMap A mapping from old values to their new values in this block.
893   ///
894   /// @returns The effective value of @p MA's written value when leaving the
895   ///          subregion.
896   /// @see buildExitPHI
897   Value *getExitScalar(MemoryAccess *MA, LoopToScevMapT &LTS, ValueMapT &BBMap);
898 
899   /// Generate the scalar stores for the given statement.
900   ///
901   /// After the statement @p Stmt was copied all inner-SCoP scalar dependences
902   /// starting in @p Stmt (hence all scalar write accesses in @p Stmt) need to
903   /// be demoted to memory.
904   ///
905   /// @param Stmt  The statement we generate code for.
906   /// @param LTS   A mapping from loops virtual canonical induction variable to
907   ///              their new values (for values recalculated in the new ScoP,
908   ///              but not within this basic block)
909   /// @param BBMap A mapping from old values to their new values in this block.
910   /// @param LTS   A mapping from loops virtual canonical induction variable to
911   /// their new values.
912   virtual void
913   generateScalarStores(ScopStmt &Stmt, LoopToScevMapT &LTS, ValueMapT &BBMAp,
914                        __isl_keep isl_id_to_ast_expr *NewAccesses) override;
915 
916   /// Copy a single PHI instruction.
917   ///
918   /// This copies a single PHI instruction and updates references to old values
919   /// with references to new values, as defined by GlobalMap and BBMap.
920   ///
921   /// @param Stmt      The statement to code generate.
922   /// @param PHI       The PHI instruction to copy.
923   /// @param BBMap     A mapping from old values to their new values
924   ///                  (for values recalculated within this basic block).
925   /// @param LTS       A map from old loops to new induction variables as SCEVs.
926   virtual void copyPHIInstruction(ScopStmt &Stmt, PHINode *Inst,
927                                   ValueMapT &BBMap,
928                                   LoopToScevMapT &LTS) override;
929 };
930 } // namespace polly
931 #endif
932