1 //===------ utils/elf2yaml.cpp - obj2yaml conversion tool -------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #include "Error.h"
10 #include "obj2yaml.h"
11 #include "llvm/ADT/DenseSet.h"
12 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
13 #include "llvm/ADT/Twine.h"
14 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/DWARF/DWARFContext.h"
15 #include "llvm/Object/ELFObjectFile.h"
16 #include "llvm/ObjectYAML/DWARFYAML.h"
17 #include "llvm/ObjectYAML/ELFYAML.h"
18 #include "llvm/Support/DataExtractor.h"
19 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
20 #include "llvm/Support/YAMLTraits.h"
21 
22 using namespace llvm;
23 
24 namespace {
25 
26 template <class ELFT>
27 class ELFDumper {
28   typedef object::Elf_Sym_Impl<ELFT> Elf_Sym;
29   typedef typename ELFT::Dyn Elf_Dyn;
30   typedef typename ELFT::Shdr Elf_Shdr;
31   typedef typename ELFT::Word Elf_Word;
32   typedef typename ELFT::Rel Elf_Rel;
33   typedef typename ELFT::Rela Elf_Rela;
34   using Elf_Relr = typename ELFT::Relr;
35   using Elf_Nhdr = typename ELFT::Nhdr;
36   using Elf_Note = typename ELFT::Note;
37 
38   ArrayRef<Elf_Shdr> Sections;
39   ArrayRef<Elf_Sym> SymTable;
40 
41   DenseMap<StringRef, uint32_t> UsedSectionNames;
42   std::vector<std::string> SectionNames;
43 
44   DenseMap<StringRef, uint32_t> UsedSymbolNames;
45   std::vector<std::string> SymbolNames;
46 
47   BumpPtrAllocator StringAllocator;
48 
49   Expected<StringRef> getUniquedSectionName(const Elf_Shdr *Sec);
50   Expected<StringRef> getUniquedSymbolName(const Elf_Sym *Sym,
51                                            StringRef StrTable,
52                                            const Elf_Shdr *SymTab);
53   Expected<StringRef> getSymbolName(uint32_t SymtabNdx, uint32_t SymbolNdx);
54 
55   const object::ELFFile<ELFT> &Obj;
56   std::unique_ptr<DWARFContext> DWARFCtx;
57   ArrayRef<Elf_Word> ShndxTable;
58 
59   Expected<std::vector<ELFYAML::ProgramHeader>>
60   dumpProgramHeaders(ArrayRef<std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk>> Sections);
61 
62   Optional<DWARFYAML::Data>
63   dumpDWARFSections(std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk>> &Sections);
64 
65   Error dumpSymbols(const Elf_Shdr *Symtab,
66                     std::vector<ELFYAML::Symbol> &Symbols);
67   Error dumpSymbol(const Elf_Sym *Sym, const Elf_Shdr *SymTab,
68                    StringRef StrTable, ELFYAML::Symbol &S);
69   Expected<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk>>> dumpSections();
70   Error dumpCommonSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr, ELFYAML::Section &S);
71   Error dumpCommonRelocationSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr,
72                                     ELFYAML::RelocationSection &S);
73   template <class RelT>
74   Error dumpRelocation(const RelT *Rel, const Elf_Shdr *SymTab,
75                        ELFYAML::Relocation &R);
76 
77   Expected<ELFYAML::AddrsigSection *> dumpAddrsigSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
78   Expected<ELFYAML::LinkerOptionsSection *>
79   dumpLinkerOptionsSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
80   Expected<ELFYAML::DependentLibrariesSection *>
81   dumpDependentLibrariesSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
82   Expected<ELFYAML::CallGraphProfileSection *>
83   dumpCallGraphProfileSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
84   Expected<ELFYAML::DynamicSection *> dumpDynamicSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
85   Expected<ELFYAML::RelocationSection *> dumpRelocSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
86   Expected<ELFYAML::RelrSection *> dumpRelrSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
87   Expected<ELFYAML::RawContentSection *>
88   dumpContentSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
89   Expected<ELFYAML::SymtabShndxSection *>
90   dumpSymtabShndxSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
91   Expected<ELFYAML::NoBitsSection *> dumpNoBitsSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
92   Expected<ELFYAML::HashSection *> dumpHashSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
93   Expected<ELFYAML::NoteSection *> dumpNoteSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
94   Expected<ELFYAML::GnuHashSection *> dumpGnuHashSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
95   Expected<ELFYAML::VerdefSection *> dumpVerdefSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
96   Expected<ELFYAML::SymverSection *> dumpSymverSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
97   Expected<ELFYAML::VerneedSection *> dumpVerneedSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
98   Expected<ELFYAML::Group *> dumpGroup(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
99   Expected<ELFYAML::MipsABIFlags *> dumpMipsABIFlags(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
100   Expected<ELFYAML::StackSizesSection *>
101   dumpStackSizesSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
102   Expected<ELFYAML::RawContentSection *>
103   dumpPlaceholderSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr);
104 
105   bool shouldPrintSection(const ELFYAML::Section &S, const Elf_Shdr &SHdr,
106                           Optional<DWARFYAML::Data> DWARF);
107 
108 public:
109   ELFDumper(const object::ELFFile<ELFT> &O, std::unique_ptr<DWARFContext> DCtx);
110   Expected<ELFYAML::Object *> dump();
111 };
112 
113 }
114 
115 template <class ELFT>
116 ELFDumper<ELFT>::ELFDumper(const object::ELFFile<ELFT> &O,
117                            std::unique_ptr<DWARFContext> DCtx)
118     : Obj(O), DWARFCtx(std::move(DCtx)) {}
119 
120 template <class ELFT>
121 Expected<StringRef>
122 ELFDumper<ELFT>::getUniquedSectionName(const Elf_Shdr *Sec) {
123   unsigned SecIndex = Sec - &Sections[0];
124   assert(&Sections[SecIndex] == Sec);
125   if (!SectionNames[SecIndex].empty())
126     return SectionNames[SecIndex];
127 
128   auto NameOrErr = Obj.getSectionName(Sec);
129   if (!NameOrErr)
130     return NameOrErr;
131   StringRef Name = *NameOrErr;
132   // In some specific cases we might have more than one section without a
133   // name (sh_name == 0). It normally doesn't happen, but when we have this case
134   // it doesn't make sense to uniquify their names and add noise to the output.
135   if (Name.empty())
136     return "";
137 
138   std::string &Ret = SectionNames[SecIndex];
139 
140   auto It = UsedSectionNames.insert({Name, 0});
141   if (!It.second)
142     Ret = ELFYAML::appendUniqueSuffix(Name, Twine(++It.first->second));
143   else
144     Ret = std::string(Name);
145   return Ret;
146 }
147 
148 template <class ELFT>
149 Expected<StringRef>
150 ELFDumper<ELFT>::getUniquedSymbolName(const Elf_Sym *Sym, StringRef StrTable,
151                                       const Elf_Shdr *SymTab) {
152   Expected<StringRef> SymbolNameOrErr = Sym->getName(StrTable);
153   if (!SymbolNameOrErr)
154     return SymbolNameOrErr;
155   StringRef Name = *SymbolNameOrErr;
156   if (Name.empty() && Sym->getType() == ELF::STT_SECTION) {
157     auto ShdrOrErr = Obj.getSection(Sym, SymTab, ShndxTable);
158     if (!ShdrOrErr)
159       return ShdrOrErr.takeError();
160     return getUniquedSectionName(*ShdrOrErr);
161   }
162 
163   // Symbols in .symtab can have duplicate names. For example, it is a common
164   // situation for local symbols in a relocatable object. Here we assign unique
165   // suffixes for such symbols so that we can differentiate them.
166   if (SymTab->sh_type == ELF::SHT_SYMTAB) {
167     unsigned Index = Sym - SymTable.data();
168     if (!SymbolNames[Index].empty())
169       return SymbolNames[Index];
170 
171     auto It = UsedSymbolNames.insert({Name, 0});
172     if (!It.second)
173       SymbolNames[Index] =
174           ELFYAML::appendUniqueSuffix(Name, Twine(++It.first->second));
175     else
176       SymbolNames[Index] = std::string(Name);
177     return SymbolNames[Index];
178   }
179 
180   return Name;
181 }
182 
183 template <class ELFT>
184 bool ELFDumper<ELFT>::shouldPrintSection(const ELFYAML::Section &S,
185                                          const Elf_Shdr &SHdr,
186                                          Optional<DWARFYAML::Data> DWARF) {
187   // We only print the SHT_NULL section at index 0 when it
188   // has at least one non-null field, because yaml2obj
189   // normally creates the zero section at index 0 implicitly.
190   if (S.Type == ELF::SHT_NULL && (&SHdr == &Sections[0])) {
191     const uint8_t *Begin = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(&SHdr);
192     const uint8_t *End = Begin + sizeof(Elf_Shdr);
193     return std::find_if(Begin, End, [](uint8_t V) { return V != 0; }) != End;
194   }
195 
196   // Normally we use "DWARF:" to describe contents of DWARF sections. Sometimes
197   // the content of DWARF sections can be successfully parsed into the "DWARF:"
198   // entry but their section headers may have special flags, entry size, address
199   // alignment, etc. We will preserve the header for them under such
200   // circumstances.
201   if (DWARF && DWARF->getNonEmptySectionNames().count(S.Name.substr(1))) {
202     if (const ELFYAML::RawContentSection *RawSec =
203             dyn_cast<const ELFYAML::RawContentSection>(&S))
204       return RawSec->Type != ELF::SHT_PROGBITS || RawSec->Flags ||
205              !RawSec->Link.empty() || RawSec->Info ||
206              RawSec->AddressAlign != 1 || RawSec->EntSize;
207   }
208 
209   // Normally we use "Symbols:" and "DynamicSymbols:" to describe contents of
210   // symbol tables. We also build and emit corresponding string tables
211   // implicitly. But sometimes it is important to preserve positions and virtual
212   // addresses of allocatable sections, e.g. for creating program headers.
213   // Generally we are trying to reduce noise in the YAML output. Because
214   // of that we do not print non-allocatable versions of such sections and
215   // assume they are placed at the end.
216   if (S.Type == ELF::SHT_STRTAB || S.Type == ELF::SHT_SYMTAB ||
217       S.Type == ELF::SHT_DYNSYM)
218     return S.Flags.getValueOr(ELFYAML::ELF_SHF(0)) & ELF::SHF_ALLOC;
219 
220   return true;
221 }
222 
223 template <class ELFT> Expected<ELFYAML::Object *> ELFDumper<ELFT>::dump() {
224   auto Y = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::Object>();
225 
226   // Dump header. We do not dump EPh* and ESh* fields. When not explicitly set,
227   // the values are set by yaml2obj automatically and there is no need to dump
228   // them here.
229   Y->Header.Class = ELFYAML::ELF_ELFCLASS(Obj.getHeader()->getFileClass());
230   Y->Header.Data = ELFYAML::ELF_ELFDATA(Obj.getHeader()->getDataEncoding());
231   Y->Header.OSABI = Obj.getHeader()->e_ident[ELF::EI_OSABI];
232   Y->Header.ABIVersion = Obj.getHeader()->e_ident[ELF::EI_ABIVERSION];
233   Y->Header.Type = Obj.getHeader()->e_type;
234   Y->Header.Machine = ELFYAML::ELF_EM(Obj.getHeader()->e_machine);
235   Y->Header.Flags = Obj.getHeader()->e_flags;
236   Y->Header.Entry = Obj.getHeader()->e_entry;
237 
238   // Dump sections
239   auto SectionsOrErr = Obj.sections();
240   if (!SectionsOrErr)
241     return SectionsOrErr.takeError();
242   Sections = *SectionsOrErr;
243   SectionNames.resize(Sections.size());
244 
245   // Dump symbols. We need to do this early because other sections might want
246   // to access the deduplicated symbol names that we also create here.
247   const Elf_Shdr *SymTab = nullptr;
248   const Elf_Shdr *SymTabShndx = nullptr;
249   const Elf_Shdr *DynSymTab = nullptr;
250 
251   for (const Elf_Shdr &Sec : Sections) {
252     if (Sec.sh_type == ELF::SHT_SYMTAB) {
253       SymTab = &Sec;
254     } else if (Sec.sh_type == ELF::SHT_DYNSYM) {
255       DynSymTab = &Sec;
256     } else if (Sec.sh_type == ELF::SHT_SYMTAB_SHNDX) {
257       // ABI allows us to have one SHT_SYMTAB_SHNDX for each symbol table.
258       // We only support having the SHT_SYMTAB_SHNDX for SHT_SYMTAB now.
259       if (SymTabShndx)
260         return createStringError(obj2yaml_error::not_implemented,
261                                  "multiple SHT_SYMTAB_SHNDX sections are not supported");
262       SymTabShndx = &Sec;
263     }
264   }
265 
266   // We need to locate the SHT_SYMTAB_SHNDX section early, because it might be
267   // needed for dumping symbols.
268   if (SymTabShndx) {
269     if (!SymTab ||
270         SymTabShndx->sh_link != (unsigned)(SymTab - Sections.begin()))
271       return createStringError(
272           obj2yaml_error::not_implemented,
273           "only SHT_SYMTAB_SHNDX associated with SHT_SYMTAB are supported");
274 
275     auto TableOrErr = Obj.getSHNDXTable(*SymTabShndx);
276     if (!TableOrErr)
277       return TableOrErr.takeError();
278     ShndxTable = *TableOrErr;
279   }
280 
281   if (SymTab) {
282     Y->Symbols.emplace();
283     if (Error E = dumpSymbols(SymTab, *Y->Symbols))
284       return std::move(E);
285   }
286 
287   if (DynSymTab) {
288     Y->DynamicSymbols.emplace();
289     if (Error E = dumpSymbols(DynSymTab, *Y->DynamicSymbols))
290       return std::move(E);
291   }
292 
293   // We dump all sections first. It is simple and allows us to verify that all
294   // sections are valid and also to generalize the code. But we are not going to
295   // keep all of them in the final output (see comments for
296   // 'shouldPrintSection()'). Undesired chunks will be removed later.
297   Expected<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk>>> ChunksOrErr =
298       dumpSections();
299   if (!ChunksOrErr)
300     return ChunksOrErr.takeError();
301   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk>> Chunks = std::move(*ChunksOrErr);
302 
303   // Dump program headers.
304   Expected<std::vector<ELFYAML::ProgramHeader>> PhdrsOrErr =
305       dumpProgramHeaders(Chunks);
306   if (!PhdrsOrErr)
307     return PhdrsOrErr.takeError();
308   Y->ProgramHeaders = std::move(*PhdrsOrErr);
309 
310   // Dump DWARF sections.
311   Y->DWARF = dumpDWARFSections(Chunks);
312 
313   llvm::erase_if(Chunks, [this, &Y](const std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk> &C) {
314     const ELFYAML::Section &S = cast<ELFYAML::Section>(*C.get());
315     return !shouldPrintSection(S, Sections[S.OriginalSecNdx], Y->DWARF);
316   });
317 
318   Y->Chunks = std::move(Chunks);
319   return Y.release();
320 }
321 
322 template <class ELFT>
323 static bool isInSegment(const ELFYAML::Section &Sec,
324                         const typename ELFT::Shdr &SHdr,
325                         const typename ELFT::Phdr &Phdr) {
326   if (Sec.Type == ELF::SHT_NULL)
327     return false;
328 
329   // A section is within a segment when its location in a file is within the
330   // [p_offset, p_offset + p_filesz] region.
331   bool FileOffsetsMatch =
332       SHdr.sh_offset >= Phdr.p_offset &&
333       (SHdr.sh_offset + SHdr.sh_size <= Phdr.p_offset + Phdr.p_filesz);
334 
335   bool VirtualAddressesMatch = SHdr.sh_addr >= Phdr.p_vaddr &&
336                                SHdr.sh_addr <= Phdr.p_vaddr + Phdr.p_memsz;
337 
338   if (FileOffsetsMatch) {
339     // An empty section on the edges of a program header can be outside of the
340     // virtual address space of the segment. This means it is not included in
341     // the segment and we should ignore it.
342     if (SHdr.sh_size == 0 && (SHdr.sh_offset == Phdr.p_offset ||
343                               SHdr.sh_offset == Phdr.p_offset + Phdr.p_filesz))
344       return VirtualAddressesMatch;
345     return true;
346   }
347 
348   // SHT_NOBITS sections usually occupy no physical space in a file. Such
349   // sections belong to a segment when they reside in the segment's virtual
350   // address space.
351   if (Sec.Type != ELF::SHT_NOBITS)
352     return false;
353   return VirtualAddressesMatch;
354 }
355 
356 template <class ELFT>
357 Expected<std::vector<ELFYAML::ProgramHeader>>
358 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpProgramHeaders(
359     ArrayRef<std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk>> Chunks) {
360   std::vector<ELFYAML::ProgramHeader> Ret;
361   Expected<typename ELFT::PhdrRange> PhdrsOrErr = Obj.program_headers();
362   if (!PhdrsOrErr)
363     return PhdrsOrErr.takeError();
364 
365   for (const typename ELFT::Phdr &Phdr : *PhdrsOrErr) {
366     ELFYAML::ProgramHeader PH;
367     PH.Type = Phdr.p_type;
368     PH.Flags = Phdr.p_flags;
369     PH.VAddr = Phdr.p_vaddr;
370     PH.PAddr = Phdr.p_paddr;
371 
372     // yaml2obj sets the alignment of a segment to 1 by default.
373     // We do not print the default alignment to reduce noise in the output.
374     if (Phdr.p_align != 1)
375       PH.Align = static_cast<llvm::yaml::Hex64>(Phdr.p_align);
376 
377     // Here we match sections with segments.
378     // It is not possible to have a non-Section chunk, because
379     // obj2yaml does not create Fill chunks.
380     for (const std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk> &C : Chunks) {
381       ELFYAML::Section &S = cast<ELFYAML::Section>(*C.get());
382       if (isInSegment<ELFT>(S, Sections[S.OriginalSecNdx], Phdr))
383         PH.Sections.push_back({S.Name});
384     }
385 
386     Ret.push_back(PH);
387   }
388 
389   return Ret;
390 }
391 
392 template <class ELFT>
393 Optional<DWARFYAML::Data> ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpDWARFSections(
394     std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk>> &Sections) {
395   DWARFYAML::Data DWARF;
396   for (std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk> &C : Sections) {
397     if (!C->Name.startswith(".debug_"))
398       continue;
399 
400     if (ELFYAML::RawContentSection *RawSec =
401             dyn_cast<ELFYAML::RawContentSection>(C.get())) {
402       Error Err = Error::success();
403       cantFail(std::move(Err));
404 
405       if (RawSec->Name == ".debug_aranges")
406         Err = dumpDebugARanges(*DWARFCtx.get(), DWARF);
407 
408       // If the DWARF section cannot be successfully parsed, emit raw content
409       // instead of an entry in the DWARF section of the YAML.
410       if (Err)
411         consumeError(std::move(Err));
412       else
413         RawSec->Content.reset();
414     }
415   }
416 
417   if (DWARF.getNonEmptySectionNames().empty())
418     return None;
419   return DWARF;
420 }
421 
422 template <class ELFT>
423 Expected<ELFYAML::RawContentSection *>
424 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpPlaceholderSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
425   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::RawContentSection>();
426   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S.get()))
427     return std::move(E);
428   return S.release();
429 }
430 
431 template <class ELFT>
432 Expected<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk>>>
433 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpSections() {
434   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk>> Ret;
435   auto Add = [&](Expected<ELFYAML::Chunk *> SecOrErr) -> Error {
436     if (!SecOrErr)
437       return SecOrErr.takeError();
438     Ret.emplace_back(*SecOrErr);
439     return Error::success();
440   };
441 
442   auto GetDumper = [this](unsigned Type)
443       -> std::function<Expected<ELFYAML::Chunk *>(const Elf_Shdr *)> {
444     switch (Type) {
445     case ELF::SHT_DYNAMIC:
446       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpDynamicSection(S); };
447     case ELF::SHT_SYMTAB_SHNDX:
448       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpSymtabShndxSection(S); };
449     case ELF::SHT_REL:
450     case ELF::SHT_RELA:
451       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpRelocSection(S); };
452     case ELF::SHT_RELR:
453       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpRelrSection(S); };
454     case ELF::SHT_GROUP:
455       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpGroup(S); };
456     case ELF::SHT_MIPS_ABIFLAGS:
457       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpMipsABIFlags(S); };
458     case ELF::SHT_NOBITS:
459       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpNoBitsSection(S); };
460     case ELF::SHT_NOTE:
461       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpNoteSection(S); };
462     case ELF::SHT_HASH:
463       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpHashSection(S); };
464     case ELF::SHT_GNU_HASH:
465       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpGnuHashSection(S); };
466     case ELF::SHT_GNU_verdef:
467       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpVerdefSection(S); };
468     case ELF::SHT_GNU_versym:
469       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpSymverSection(S); };
470     case ELF::SHT_GNU_verneed:
471       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpVerneedSection(S); };
472     case ELF::SHT_LLVM_ADDRSIG:
473       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpAddrsigSection(S); };
474     case ELF::SHT_LLVM_LINKER_OPTIONS:
475       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpLinkerOptionsSection(S); };
476     case ELF::SHT_LLVM_DEPENDENT_LIBRARIES:
477       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) {
478         return dumpDependentLibrariesSection(S);
479       };
480     case ELF::SHT_LLVM_CALL_GRAPH_PROFILE:
481       return
482           [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpCallGraphProfileSection(S); };
483     case ELF::SHT_STRTAB:
484     case ELF::SHT_SYMTAB:
485     case ELF::SHT_DYNSYM:
486       // The contents of these sections are described by other parts of the YAML
487       // file. But we still want to dump them, because their properties can be
488       // important. See comments for 'shouldPrintSection()' for more details.
489       return [this](const Elf_Shdr *S) { return dumpPlaceholderSection(S); };
490     default:
491       return nullptr;
492     }
493   };
494 
495   for (const Elf_Shdr &Sec : Sections) {
496     // We have dedicated dumping functions for most of the section types.
497     // Try to use one of them first.
498     if (std::function<Expected<ELFYAML::Chunk *>(const Elf_Shdr *)> DumpFn =
499             GetDumper(Sec.sh_type)) {
500       if (Error E = Add(DumpFn(&Sec)))
501         return std::move(E);
502       continue;
503     }
504 
505     // Recognize some special SHT_PROGBITS sections by name.
506     if (Sec.sh_type == ELF::SHT_PROGBITS) {
507       auto NameOrErr = getUniquedSectionName(&Sec);
508       if (!NameOrErr)
509         return NameOrErr.takeError();
510 
511       if (ELFYAML::StackSizesSection::nameMatches(*NameOrErr)) {
512         if (Error E = Add(dumpStackSizesSection(&Sec)))
513           return std::move(E);
514         continue;
515       }
516     }
517 
518     if (Error E = Add(dumpContentSection(&Sec)))
519       return std::move(E);
520   }
521 
522   return std::move(Ret);
523 }
524 
525 template <class ELFT>
526 Error ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpSymbols(const Elf_Shdr *Symtab,
527                              std::vector<ELFYAML::Symbol> &Symbols) {
528   if (!Symtab)
529     return Error::success();
530 
531   auto StrTableOrErr = Obj.getStringTableForSymtab(*Symtab);
532   if (!StrTableOrErr)
533     return StrTableOrErr.takeError();
534   StringRef StrTable = *StrTableOrErr;
535 
536   auto SymtabOrErr = Obj.symbols(Symtab);
537   if (!SymtabOrErr)
538     return SymtabOrErr.takeError();
539 
540   if (Symtab->sh_type == ELF::SHT_SYMTAB) {
541     SymTable = *SymtabOrErr;
542     SymbolNames.resize(SymTable.size());
543   }
544 
545   for (const auto &Sym : (*SymtabOrErr).drop_front()) {
546     ELFYAML::Symbol S;
547     if (auto EC = dumpSymbol(&Sym, Symtab, StrTable, S))
548       return EC;
549     Symbols.push_back(S);
550   }
551 
552   return Error::success();
553 }
554 
555 template <class ELFT>
556 Error ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpSymbol(const Elf_Sym *Sym, const Elf_Shdr *SymTab,
557                                   StringRef StrTable, ELFYAML::Symbol &S) {
558   S.Type = Sym->getType();
559   S.Value = Sym->st_value;
560   S.Size = Sym->st_size;
561   S.Other = Sym->st_other;
562   S.Binding = Sym->getBinding();
563 
564   Expected<StringRef> SymbolNameOrErr =
565       getUniquedSymbolName(Sym, StrTable, SymTab);
566   if (!SymbolNameOrErr)
567     return SymbolNameOrErr.takeError();
568   S.Name = SymbolNameOrErr.get();
569 
570   if (Sym->st_shndx >= ELF::SHN_LORESERVE) {
571     S.Index = (ELFYAML::ELF_SHN)Sym->st_shndx;
572     return Error::success();
573   }
574 
575   auto ShdrOrErr = Obj.getSection(Sym, SymTab, ShndxTable);
576   if (!ShdrOrErr)
577     return ShdrOrErr.takeError();
578   const Elf_Shdr *Shdr = *ShdrOrErr;
579   if (!Shdr)
580     return Error::success();
581 
582   auto NameOrErr = getUniquedSectionName(Shdr);
583   if (!NameOrErr)
584     return NameOrErr.takeError();
585   S.Section = NameOrErr.get();
586 
587   return Error::success();
588 }
589 
590 template <class ELFT>
591 template <class RelT>
592 Error ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpRelocation(const RelT *Rel, const Elf_Shdr *SymTab,
593                                       ELFYAML::Relocation &R) {
594   R.Type = Rel->getType(Obj.isMips64EL());
595   R.Offset = Rel->r_offset;
596   R.Addend = 0;
597 
598   auto SymOrErr = Obj.getRelocationSymbol(Rel, SymTab);
599   if (!SymOrErr)
600     return SymOrErr.takeError();
601 
602   // We have might have a relocation with symbol index 0,
603   // e.g. R_X86_64_NONE or R_X86_64_GOTPC32.
604   const Elf_Sym *Sym = *SymOrErr;
605   if (!Sym)
606     return Error::success();
607 
608   auto StrTabSec = Obj.getSection(SymTab->sh_link);
609   if (!StrTabSec)
610     return StrTabSec.takeError();
611   auto StrTabOrErr = Obj.getStringTable(*StrTabSec);
612   if (!StrTabOrErr)
613     return StrTabOrErr.takeError();
614 
615   Expected<StringRef> NameOrErr =
616       getUniquedSymbolName(Sym, *StrTabOrErr, SymTab);
617   if (!NameOrErr)
618     return NameOrErr.takeError();
619   R.Symbol = NameOrErr.get();
620 
621   return Error::success();
622 }
623 
624 template <class ELFT>
625 static unsigned getDefaultShEntSize(ELFYAML::ELF_SHT SecType) {
626   switch (SecType) {
627   case ELF::SHT_REL:
628     return sizeof(typename ELFT::Rel);
629   case ELF::SHT_RELA:
630     return sizeof(typename ELFT::Rela);
631   case ELF::SHT_RELR:
632     return sizeof(typename ELFT::Relr);
633   case ELF::SHT_DYNAMIC:
634     return sizeof(typename ELFT::Dyn);
635   default:
636     return 0;
637   }
638 }
639 
640 template <class ELFT>
641 Error ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpCommonSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr,
642                                          ELFYAML::Section &S) {
643   // Dump fields. We do not dump the ShOffset field. When not explicitly
644   // set, the value is set by yaml2obj automatically.
645   S.Type = Shdr->sh_type;
646   if (Shdr->sh_flags)
647     S.Flags = static_cast<ELFYAML::ELF_SHF>(Shdr->sh_flags);
648   if (Shdr->sh_addr)
649     S.Address = static_cast<uint64_t>(Shdr->sh_addr);
650   S.AddressAlign = Shdr->sh_addralign;
651 
652   if (Shdr->sh_entsize != getDefaultShEntSize<ELFT>(S.Type))
653     S.EntSize = static_cast<llvm::yaml::Hex64>(Shdr->sh_entsize);
654 
655   S.OriginalSecNdx = Shdr - &Sections[0];
656 
657   auto NameOrErr = getUniquedSectionName(Shdr);
658   if (!NameOrErr)
659     return NameOrErr.takeError();
660   S.Name = NameOrErr.get();
661 
662   if (Shdr->sh_link != ELF::SHN_UNDEF) {
663     auto LinkSection = Obj.getSection(Shdr->sh_link);
664     if (!LinkSection)
665       return make_error<StringError>(
666           "unable to resolve sh_link reference in section '" + S.Name +
667               "': " + toString(LinkSection.takeError()),
668           inconvertibleErrorCode());
669 
670     NameOrErr = getUniquedSectionName(*LinkSection);
671     if (!NameOrErr)
672       return NameOrErr.takeError();
673     S.Link = NameOrErr.get();
674   }
675 
676   return Error::success();
677 }
678 
679 template <class ELFT>
680 Error ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpCommonRelocationSection(
681     const Elf_Shdr *Shdr, ELFYAML::RelocationSection &S) {
682   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, S))
683     return E;
684 
685   // Having a zero sh_info field is normal: .rela.dyn is a dynamic
686   // relocation section that normally has no value in this field.
687   if (!Shdr->sh_info)
688     return Error::success();
689 
690   auto InfoSection = Obj.getSection(Shdr->sh_info);
691   if (!InfoSection)
692     return InfoSection.takeError();
693 
694   auto NameOrErr = getUniquedSectionName(*InfoSection);
695   if (!NameOrErr)
696     return NameOrErr.takeError();
697   S.RelocatableSec = NameOrErr.get();
698 
699   return Error::success();
700 }
701 
702 template <class ELFT>
703 Expected<ELFYAML::StackSizesSection *>
704 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpStackSizesSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
705   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::StackSizesSection>();
706   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
707     return std::move(E);
708 
709   auto ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
710   if (!ContentOrErr)
711     return ContentOrErr.takeError();
712 
713   ArrayRef<uint8_t> Content = *ContentOrErr;
714   DataExtractor Data(Content, Obj.isLE(), ELFT::Is64Bits ? 8 : 4);
715 
716   std::vector<ELFYAML::StackSizeEntry> Entries;
717   DataExtractor::Cursor Cur(0);
718   while (Cur && Cur.tell() < Content.size()) {
719     uint64_t Address = Data.getAddress(Cur);
720     uint64_t Size = Data.getULEB128(Cur);
721     Entries.push_back({Address, Size});
722   }
723 
724   if (Content.empty() || !Cur) {
725     // If .stack_sizes cannot be decoded, we dump it as an array of bytes.
726     consumeError(Cur.takeError());
727     S->Content = yaml::BinaryRef(Content);
728   } else {
729     S->Entries = std::move(Entries);
730   }
731 
732   return S.release();
733 }
734 
735 template <class ELFT>
736 Expected<ELFYAML::AddrsigSection *>
737 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpAddrsigSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
738   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::AddrsigSection>();
739   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
740     return std::move(E);
741 
742   auto ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
743   if (!ContentOrErr)
744     return ContentOrErr.takeError();
745 
746   ArrayRef<uint8_t> Content = *ContentOrErr;
747   DataExtractor::Cursor Cur(0);
748   DataExtractor Data(Content, Obj.isLE(), /*AddressSize=*/0);
749   std::vector<ELFYAML::YAMLFlowString> Symbols;
750   while (Cur && Cur.tell() < Content.size()) {
751     uint64_t SymNdx = Data.getULEB128(Cur);
752     if (!Cur)
753       break;
754 
755     Expected<StringRef> SymbolName = getSymbolName(Shdr->sh_link, SymNdx);
756     if (!SymbolName || SymbolName->empty()) {
757       consumeError(SymbolName.takeError());
758       Symbols.emplace_back(
759           StringRef(std::to_string(SymNdx)).copy(StringAllocator));
760       continue;
761     }
762 
763     Symbols.emplace_back(*SymbolName);
764   }
765 
766   if (Cur) {
767     S->Symbols = std::move(Symbols);
768     return S.release();
769   }
770 
771   consumeError(Cur.takeError());
772   S->Content = yaml::BinaryRef(Content);
773   return S.release();
774 }
775 
776 template <class ELFT>
777 Expected<ELFYAML::LinkerOptionsSection *>
778 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpLinkerOptionsSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
779   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::LinkerOptionsSection>();
780   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
781     return std::move(E);
782 
783   auto ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
784   if (!ContentOrErr)
785     return ContentOrErr.takeError();
786 
787   ArrayRef<uint8_t> Content = *ContentOrErr;
788   if (Content.empty() || Content.back() != 0) {
789     S->Content = Content;
790     return S.release();
791   }
792 
793   SmallVector<StringRef, 16> Strings;
794   toStringRef(Content.drop_back()).split(Strings, '\0');
795   if (Strings.size() % 2 != 0) {
796     S->Content = Content;
797     return S.release();
798   }
799 
800   S->Options.emplace();
801   for (size_t I = 0, E = Strings.size(); I != E; I += 2)
802     S->Options->push_back({Strings[I], Strings[I + 1]});
803 
804   return S.release();
805 }
806 
807 template <class ELFT>
808 Expected<ELFYAML::DependentLibrariesSection *>
809 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpDependentLibrariesSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
810   auto DL = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::DependentLibrariesSection>();
811   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *DL))
812     return std::move(E);
813 
814   Expected<ArrayRef<uint8_t>> ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
815   if (!ContentOrErr)
816     return ContentOrErr.takeError();
817 
818   ArrayRef<uint8_t> Content = *ContentOrErr;
819   if (!Content.empty() && Content.back() != 0) {
820     DL->Content = Content;
821     return DL.release();
822   }
823 
824   DL->Libs.emplace();
825   for (const uint8_t *I = Content.begin(), *E = Content.end(); I < E;) {
826     StringRef Lib((const char *)I);
827     DL->Libs->emplace_back(Lib);
828     I += Lib.size() + 1;
829   }
830 
831   return DL.release();
832 }
833 
834 template <class ELFT>
835 Expected<ELFYAML::CallGraphProfileSection *>
836 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpCallGraphProfileSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
837   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::CallGraphProfileSection>();
838   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
839     return std::move(E);
840 
841   Expected<ArrayRef<uint8_t>> ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
842   if (!ContentOrErr)
843     return ContentOrErr.takeError();
844   ArrayRef<uint8_t> Content = *ContentOrErr;
845 
846   // Dump the section by using the Content key when it is truncated.
847   // There is no need to create either "Content" or "Entries" fields when the
848   // section is empty.
849   if (Content.empty() || Content.size() % 16 != 0) {
850     if (!Content.empty())
851       S->Content = yaml::BinaryRef(Content);
852     return S.release();
853   }
854 
855   std::vector<ELFYAML::CallGraphEntry> Entries(Content.size() / 16);
856   DataExtractor Data(Content, Obj.isLE(), /*AddressSize=*/0);
857   DataExtractor::Cursor Cur(0);
858   auto ReadEntry = [&](ELFYAML::CallGraphEntry &E) {
859     uint32_t FromSymIndex = Data.getU32(Cur);
860     uint32_t ToSymIndex = Data.getU32(Cur);
861     E.Weight = Data.getU64(Cur);
862     if (!Cur) {
863       consumeError(Cur.takeError());
864       return false;
865     }
866 
867     Expected<StringRef> From = getSymbolName(Shdr->sh_link, FromSymIndex);
868     Expected<StringRef> To = getSymbolName(Shdr->sh_link, ToSymIndex);
869     if (From && To) {
870       E.From = *From;
871       E.To = *To;
872       return true;
873     }
874     consumeError(From.takeError());
875     consumeError(To.takeError());
876     return false;
877   };
878 
879   for (ELFYAML::CallGraphEntry &E : Entries) {
880     if (ReadEntry(E))
881       continue;
882     S->Content = yaml::BinaryRef(Content);
883     return S.release();
884   }
885 
886   S->Entries = std::move(Entries);
887   return S.release();
888 }
889 
890 template <class ELFT>
891 Expected<ELFYAML::DynamicSection *>
892 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpDynamicSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
893   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::DynamicSection>();
894   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
895     return std::move(E);
896 
897   auto DynTagsOrErr = Obj.template getSectionContentsAsArray<Elf_Dyn>(Shdr);
898   if (!DynTagsOrErr)
899     return DynTagsOrErr.takeError();
900 
901   for (const Elf_Dyn &Dyn : *DynTagsOrErr)
902     S->Entries.push_back({(ELFYAML::ELF_DYNTAG)Dyn.getTag(), Dyn.getVal()});
903 
904   return S.release();
905 }
906 
907 template <class ELFT>
908 Expected<ELFYAML::RelocationSection *>
909 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpRelocSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
910   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::RelocationSection>();
911   if (auto E = dumpCommonRelocationSection(Shdr, *S))
912     return std::move(E);
913 
914   auto SymTabOrErr = Obj.getSection(Shdr->sh_link);
915   if (!SymTabOrErr)
916     return SymTabOrErr.takeError();
917   const Elf_Shdr *SymTab = *SymTabOrErr;
918 
919   if (Shdr->sh_type == ELF::SHT_REL) {
920     auto Rels = Obj.rels(Shdr);
921     if (!Rels)
922       return Rels.takeError();
923     for (const Elf_Rel &Rel : *Rels) {
924       ELFYAML::Relocation R;
925       if (Error E = dumpRelocation(&Rel, SymTab, R))
926         return std::move(E);
927       S->Relocations.push_back(R);
928     }
929   } else {
930     auto Rels = Obj.relas(Shdr);
931     if (!Rels)
932       return Rels.takeError();
933     for (const Elf_Rela &Rel : *Rels) {
934       ELFYAML::Relocation R;
935       if (Error E = dumpRelocation(&Rel, SymTab, R))
936         return std::move(E);
937       R.Addend = Rel.r_addend;
938       S->Relocations.push_back(R);
939     }
940   }
941 
942   return S.release();
943 }
944 
945 template <class ELFT>
946 Expected<ELFYAML::RelrSection *>
947 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpRelrSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
948   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::RelrSection>();
949   if (auto E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
950     return std::move(E);
951 
952   if (Expected<ArrayRef<Elf_Relr>> Relrs = Obj.relrs(Shdr)) {
953     S->Entries.emplace();
954     for (Elf_Relr Rel : *Relrs)
955       S->Entries->emplace_back(Rel);
956     return S.release();
957   } else {
958     // Ignore. We are going to dump the data as raw content below.
959     consumeError(Relrs.takeError());
960   }
961 
962   Expected<ArrayRef<uint8_t>> ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
963   if (!ContentOrErr)
964     return ContentOrErr.takeError();
965   S->Content = *ContentOrErr;
966   return S.release();
967 }
968 
969 template <class ELFT>
970 Expected<ELFYAML::RawContentSection *>
971 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpContentSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
972   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::RawContentSection>();
973   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
974     return std::move(E);
975 
976   unsigned SecIndex = Shdr - &Sections[0];
977   if (SecIndex != 0 || Shdr->sh_type != ELF::SHT_NULL) {
978     auto ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
979     if (!ContentOrErr)
980       return ContentOrErr.takeError();
981     ArrayRef<uint8_t> Content = *ContentOrErr;
982     if (!Content.empty())
983       S->Content = yaml::BinaryRef(Content);
984   } else {
985     S->Size = static_cast<llvm::yaml::Hex64>(Shdr->sh_size);
986   }
987 
988   if (Shdr->sh_info)
989     S->Info = static_cast<llvm::yaml::Hex64>(Shdr->sh_info);
990   return S.release();
991 }
992 
993 template <class ELFT>
994 Expected<ELFYAML::SymtabShndxSection *>
995 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpSymtabShndxSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
996   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::SymtabShndxSection>();
997   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
998     return std::move(E);
999 
1000   auto EntriesOrErr = Obj.template getSectionContentsAsArray<Elf_Word>(Shdr);
1001   if (!EntriesOrErr)
1002     return EntriesOrErr.takeError();
1003   for (const Elf_Word &E : *EntriesOrErr)
1004     S->Entries.push_back(E);
1005   return S.release();
1006 }
1007 
1008 template <class ELFT>
1009 Expected<ELFYAML::NoBitsSection *>
1010 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpNoBitsSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
1011   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::NoBitsSection>();
1012   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
1013     return std::move(E);
1014   S->Size = Shdr->sh_size;
1015 
1016   return S.release();
1017 }
1018 
1019 template <class ELFT>
1020 Expected<ELFYAML::NoteSection *>
1021 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpNoteSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
1022   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::NoteSection>();
1023   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
1024     return std::move(E);
1025 
1026   auto ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
1027   if (!ContentOrErr)
1028     return ContentOrErr.takeError();
1029 
1030   std::vector<ELFYAML::NoteEntry> Entries;
1031   ArrayRef<uint8_t> Content = *ContentOrErr;
1032   while (!Content.empty()) {
1033     if (Content.size() < sizeof(Elf_Nhdr)) {
1034       S->Content = yaml::BinaryRef(*ContentOrErr);
1035       return S.release();
1036     }
1037 
1038     const Elf_Nhdr *Header = reinterpret_cast<const Elf_Nhdr *>(Content.data());
1039     if (Content.size() < Header->getSize()) {
1040       S->Content = yaml::BinaryRef(*ContentOrErr);
1041       return S.release();
1042     }
1043 
1044     Elf_Note Note(*Header);
1045     Entries.push_back(
1046         {Note.getName(), Note.getDesc(), (llvm::yaml::Hex32)Note.getType()});
1047 
1048     Content = Content.drop_front(Header->getSize());
1049   }
1050 
1051   S->Notes = std::move(Entries);
1052   return S.release();
1053 }
1054 
1055 template <class ELFT>
1056 Expected<ELFYAML::HashSection *>
1057 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpHashSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
1058   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::HashSection>();
1059   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
1060     return std::move(E);
1061 
1062   auto ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
1063   if (!ContentOrErr)
1064     return ContentOrErr.takeError();
1065 
1066   ArrayRef<uint8_t> Content = *ContentOrErr;
1067   if (Content.size() % 4 != 0 || Content.size() < 8) {
1068     S->Content = yaml::BinaryRef(Content);
1069     return S.release();
1070   }
1071 
1072   DataExtractor::Cursor Cur(0);
1073   DataExtractor Data(Content, Obj.isLE(), /*AddressSize=*/0);
1074   uint32_t NBucket = Data.getU32(Cur);
1075   uint32_t NChain = Data.getU32(Cur);
1076   if (Content.size() != (2 + NBucket + NChain) * 4) {
1077     S->Content = yaml::BinaryRef(Content);
1078     if (Cur)
1079       return S.release();
1080     llvm_unreachable("entries were not read correctly");
1081   }
1082 
1083   S->Bucket.emplace(NBucket);
1084   for (uint32_t &V : *S->Bucket)
1085     V = Data.getU32(Cur);
1086 
1087   S->Chain.emplace(NChain);
1088   for (uint32_t &V : *S->Chain)
1089     V = Data.getU32(Cur);
1090 
1091   if (Cur)
1092     return S.release();
1093   llvm_unreachable("entries were not read correctly");
1094 }
1095 
1096 template <class ELFT>
1097 Expected<ELFYAML::GnuHashSection *>
1098 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpGnuHashSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
1099   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::GnuHashSection>();
1100   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
1101     return std::move(E);
1102 
1103   auto ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
1104   if (!ContentOrErr)
1105     return ContentOrErr.takeError();
1106 
1107   unsigned AddrSize = ELFT::Is64Bits ? 8 : 4;
1108   ArrayRef<uint8_t> Content = *ContentOrErr;
1109   DataExtractor Data(Content, Obj.isLE(), AddrSize);
1110 
1111   ELFYAML::GnuHashHeader Header;
1112   DataExtractor::Cursor Cur(0);
1113   uint32_t NBuckets = Data.getU32(Cur);
1114   Header.SymNdx = Data.getU32(Cur);
1115   uint32_t MaskWords = Data.getU32(Cur);
1116   Header.Shift2 = Data.getU32(Cur);
1117 
1118   // Set just the raw binary content if we were unable to read the header
1119   // or when the section data is truncated or malformed.
1120   uint64_t Size = Data.getData().size() - Cur.tell();
1121   if (!Cur || (Size < MaskWords * AddrSize + NBuckets * 4) ||
1122       (Size % 4 != 0)) {
1123     consumeError(Cur.takeError());
1124     S->Content = yaml::BinaryRef(Content);
1125     return S.release();
1126   }
1127 
1128   S->Header = Header;
1129 
1130   S->BloomFilter.emplace(MaskWords);
1131   for (llvm::yaml::Hex64 &Val : *S->BloomFilter)
1132     Val = Data.getAddress(Cur);
1133 
1134   S->HashBuckets.emplace(NBuckets);
1135   for (llvm::yaml::Hex32 &Val : *S->HashBuckets)
1136     Val = Data.getU32(Cur);
1137 
1138   S->HashValues.emplace((Data.getData().size() - Cur.tell()) / 4);
1139   for (llvm::yaml::Hex32 &Val : *S->HashValues)
1140     Val = Data.getU32(Cur);
1141 
1142   if (Cur)
1143     return S.release();
1144   llvm_unreachable("GnuHashSection was not read correctly");
1145 }
1146 
1147 template <class ELFT>
1148 Expected<ELFYAML::VerdefSection *>
1149 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpVerdefSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
1150   typedef typename ELFT::Verdef Elf_Verdef;
1151   typedef typename ELFT::Verdaux Elf_Verdaux;
1152 
1153   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::VerdefSection>();
1154   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
1155     return std::move(E);
1156 
1157   S->Info = Shdr->sh_info;
1158 
1159   auto StringTableShdrOrErr = Obj.getSection(Shdr->sh_link);
1160   if (!StringTableShdrOrErr)
1161     return StringTableShdrOrErr.takeError();
1162 
1163   auto StringTableOrErr = Obj.getStringTable(*StringTableShdrOrErr);
1164   if (!StringTableOrErr)
1165     return StringTableOrErr.takeError();
1166 
1167   auto Contents = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
1168   if (!Contents)
1169     return Contents.takeError();
1170 
1171   S->Entries.emplace();
1172 
1173   llvm::ArrayRef<uint8_t> Data = *Contents;
1174   const uint8_t *Buf = Data.data();
1175   while (Buf) {
1176     const Elf_Verdef *Verdef = reinterpret_cast<const Elf_Verdef *>(Buf);
1177     ELFYAML::VerdefEntry Entry;
1178     Entry.Version = Verdef->vd_version;
1179     Entry.Flags = Verdef->vd_flags;
1180     Entry.VersionNdx = Verdef->vd_ndx;
1181     Entry.Hash = Verdef->vd_hash;
1182 
1183     const uint8_t *BufAux = Buf + Verdef->vd_aux;
1184     while (BufAux) {
1185       const Elf_Verdaux *Verdaux =
1186           reinterpret_cast<const Elf_Verdaux *>(BufAux);
1187       Entry.VerNames.push_back(
1188           StringTableOrErr->drop_front(Verdaux->vda_name).data());
1189       BufAux = Verdaux->vda_next ? BufAux + Verdaux->vda_next : nullptr;
1190     }
1191 
1192     S->Entries->push_back(Entry);
1193     Buf = Verdef->vd_next ? Buf + Verdef->vd_next : nullptr;
1194   }
1195 
1196   return S.release();
1197 }
1198 
1199 template <class ELFT>
1200 Expected<ELFYAML::SymverSection *>
1201 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpSymverSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
1202   typedef typename ELFT::Half Elf_Half;
1203 
1204   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::SymverSection>();
1205   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
1206     return std::move(E);
1207 
1208   auto VersionsOrErr = Obj.template getSectionContentsAsArray<Elf_Half>(Shdr);
1209   if (!VersionsOrErr)
1210     return VersionsOrErr.takeError();
1211   for (const Elf_Half &E : *VersionsOrErr)
1212     S->Entries.push_back(E);
1213 
1214   return S.release();
1215 }
1216 
1217 template <class ELFT>
1218 Expected<ELFYAML::VerneedSection *>
1219 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpVerneedSection(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
1220   typedef typename ELFT::Verneed Elf_Verneed;
1221   typedef typename ELFT::Vernaux Elf_Vernaux;
1222 
1223   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::VerneedSection>();
1224   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
1225     return std::move(E);
1226 
1227   S->Info = Shdr->sh_info;
1228 
1229   auto Contents = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
1230   if (!Contents)
1231     return Contents.takeError();
1232 
1233   auto StringTableShdrOrErr = Obj.getSection(Shdr->sh_link);
1234   if (!StringTableShdrOrErr)
1235     return StringTableShdrOrErr.takeError();
1236 
1237   auto StringTableOrErr = Obj.getStringTable(*StringTableShdrOrErr);
1238   if (!StringTableOrErr)
1239     return StringTableOrErr.takeError();
1240 
1241   S->VerneedV.emplace();
1242 
1243   llvm::ArrayRef<uint8_t> Data = *Contents;
1244   const uint8_t *Buf = Data.data();
1245   while (Buf) {
1246     const Elf_Verneed *Verneed = reinterpret_cast<const Elf_Verneed *>(Buf);
1247 
1248     ELFYAML::VerneedEntry Entry;
1249     Entry.Version = Verneed->vn_version;
1250     Entry.File =
1251         StringRef(StringTableOrErr->drop_front(Verneed->vn_file).data());
1252 
1253     const uint8_t *BufAux = Buf + Verneed->vn_aux;
1254     while (BufAux) {
1255       const Elf_Vernaux *Vernaux =
1256           reinterpret_cast<const Elf_Vernaux *>(BufAux);
1257 
1258       ELFYAML::VernauxEntry Aux;
1259       Aux.Hash = Vernaux->vna_hash;
1260       Aux.Flags = Vernaux->vna_flags;
1261       Aux.Other = Vernaux->vna_other;
1262       Aux.Name =
1263           StringRef(StringTableOrErr->drop_front(Vernaux->vna_name).data());
1264 
1265       Entry.AuxV.push_back(Aux);
1266       BufAux = Vernaux->vna_next ? BufAux + Vernaux->vna_next : nullptr;
1267     }
1268 
1269     S->VerneedV->push_back(Entry);
1270     Buf = Verneed->vn_next ? Buf + Verneed->vn_next : nullptr;
1271   }
1272 
1273   return S.release();
1274 }
1275 
1276 template <class ELFT>
1277 Expected<StringRef> ELFDumper<ELFT>::getSymbolName(uint32_t SymtabNdx,
1278                                                    uint32_t SymbolNdx) {
1279   auto SymtabOrErr = Obj.getSection(SymtabNdx);
1280   if (!SymtabOrErr)
1281     return SymtabOrErr.takeError();
1282 
1283   const Elf_Shdr *Symtab = *SymtabOrErr;
1284   auto SymOrErr = Obj.getSymbol(Symtab, SymbolNdx);
1285   if (!SymOrErr)
1286     return SymOrErr.takeError();
1287 
1288   auto StrTabOrErr = Obj.getStringTableForSymtab(*Symtab);
1289   if (!StrTabOrErr)
1290     return StrTabOrErr.takeError();
1291   return getUniquedSymbolName(*SymOrErr, *StrTabOrErr, Symtab);
1292 }
1293 
1294 template <class ELFT>
1295 Expected<ELFYAML::Group *> ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpGroup(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
1296   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::Group>();
1297   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
1298     return std::move(E);
1299 
1300   // Get symbol with index sh_info. This symbol's name is the signature of the group.
1301   Expected<StringRef> SymbolName = getSymbolName(Shdr->sh_link, Shdr->sh_info);
1302   if (!SymbolName)
1303     return SymbolName.takeError();
1304   S->Signature = *SymbolName;
1305 
1306   auto MembersOrErr = Obj.template getSectionContentsAsArray<Elf_Word>(Shdr);
1307   if (!MembersOrErr)
1308     return MembersOrErr.takeError();
1309 
1310   for (Elf_Word Member : *MembersOrErr) {
1311     if (Member == llvm::ELF::GRP_COMDAT) {
1312       S->Members.push_back({"GRP_COMDAT"});
1313       continue;
1314     }
1315 
1316     auto SHdrOrErr = Obj.getSection(Member);
1317     if (!SHdrOrErr)
1318       return SHdrOrErr.takeError();
1319     auto NameOrErr = getUniquedSectionName(*SHdrOrErr);
1320     if (!NameOrErr)
1321       return NameOrErr.takeError();
1322     S->Members.push_back({*NameOrErr});
1323   }
1324   return S.release();
1325 }
1326 
1327 template <class ELFT>
1328 Expected<ELFYAML::MipsABIFlags *>
1329 ELFDumper<ELFT>::dumpMipsABIFlags(const Elf_Shdr *Shdr) {
1330   assert(Shdr->sh_type == ELF::SHT_MIPS_ABIFLAGS &&
1331          "Section type is not SHT_MIPS_ABIFLAGS");
1332   auto S = std::make_unique<ELFYAML::MipsABIFlags>();
1333   if (Error E = dumpCommonSection(Shdr, *S))
1334     return std::move(E);
1335 
1336   auto ContentOrErr = Obj.getSectionContents(Shdr);
1337   if (!ContentOrErr)
1338     return ContentOrErr.takeError();
1339 
1340   auto *Flags = reinterpret_cast<const object::Elf_Mips_ABIFlags<ELFT> *>(
1341       ContentOrErr.get().data());
1342   S->Version = Flags->version;
1343   S->ISALevel = Flags->isa_level;
1344   S->ISARevision = Flags->isa_rev;
1345   S->GPRSize = Flags->gpr_size;
1346   S->CPR1Size = Flags->cpr1_size;
1347   S->CPR2Size = Flags->cpr2_size;
1348   S->FpABI = Flags->fp_abi;
1349   S->ISAExtension = Flags->isa_ext;
1350   S->ASEs = Flags->ases;
1351   S->Flags1 = Flags->flags1;
1352   S->Flags2 = Flags->flags2;
1353   return S.release();
1354 }
1355 
1356 template <class ELFT>
1357 static Error elf2yaml(raw_ostream &Out, const object::ELFFile<ELFT> &Obj,
1358                       std::unique_ptr<DWARFContext> DWARFCtx) {
1359   ELFDumper<ELFT> Dumper(Obj, std::move(DWARFCtx));
1360   Expected<ELFYAML::Object *> YAMLOrErr = Dumper.dump();
1361   if (!YAMLOrErr)
1362     return YAMLOrErr.takeError();
1363 
1364   std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Object> YAML(YAMLOrErr.get());
1365   yaml::Output Yout(Out);
1366   Yout << *YAML;
1367 
1368   return Error::success();
1369 }
1370 
1371 Error elf2yaml(raw_ostream &Out, const object::ObjectFile &Obj) {
1372   std::unique_ptr<DWARFContext> DWARFCtx = DWARFContext::create(Obj);
1373   if (const auto *ELFObj = dyn_cast<object::ELF32LEObjectFile>(&Obj))
1374     return elf2yaml(Out, *ELFObj->getELFFile(), std::move(DWARFCtx));
1375 
1376   if (const auto *ELFObj = dyn_cast<object::ELF32BEObjectFile>(&Obj))
1377     return elf2yaml(Out, *ELFObj->getELFFile(), std::move(DWARFCtx));
1378 
1379   if (const auto *ELFObj = dyn_cast<object::ELF64LEObjectFile>(&Obj))
1380     return elf2yaml(Out, *ELFObj->getELFFile(), std::move(DWARFCtx));
1381 
1382   if (const auto *ELFObj = dyn_cast<object::ELF64BEObjectFile>(&Obj))
1383     return elf2yaml(Out, *ELFObj->getELFFile(), std::move(DWARFCtx));
1384 
1385   llvm_unreachable("unknown ELF file format");
1386 }
1387